February 2013
Transcription
February 2013
Raleigh Aero MasterS Newsletter Hello everyone. Welcome to the February RAMS Newsletter. This is the first newsletter for 2013 and the third year for the RAMS Newsletter. It is my hope that you enjoy it and find it entertaining. 2013 Club Officer’s: President: James Taylor (JT) Secretary: Jose Armstrong (Dr. Joey) Safety Officer: Bruce Crozier Vice-President: Gary Elliott Treasurer: Larry McMillen FACEBOOK Anyone!!!: Our fellow club member, Ben Davis, has a Facebook page for everything BEN/RAMS and RC Flying related. Go and take a look. The “Y” Harness – Is there anything important about it? Ohh! That little cable that splits in two. What is it all about? The Y cable is just a signal splitter that sends the same information and power to two appliances (servos or whatever else). A three lead cable does the same thing to three different appliances. So, because that is all it does, multiply (not amplify) a signal, it does not matter how you connect the servos to a Y cable, they all will respond the same way (if they are exactly the same servos) to the same radio signal command. Let’s take the usual Y cable we connect to the aileron port. The two servos (or four or six in larger airplanes) moving the ailerons will respond the same. It does not matter to which end of the Y cable you connect the right and left aileron. They will both do the same movement. Because they are oriented opposite, one aileron goes up when the other aileron goes down. Now let’s say that you have a computer radio and have set that the aileron port controls the right wing aileron and the AUX1 port controls the left wing aileron. In other words you have slaved the AUX1 output to the Aileron output of the receiver. Does it matter how you connect the right and left aileron to the aileron or AUX 1 output? NO. You just have made an internal Y split in the receiver through the radio programming. Now you don’t have to use the Y cable. Ahhh! But it can’t be that easy all the time? Now that we can split the aileron signals in the receiver between aileron output and AUX 1 output, what can we do with this. Then you can program the ailerons to work also as flaps, airbrakes, sub-trim positions independent one from the other, you can balance the ailerons and change travel for each one and for the up travel and the down travel as well as use the differential adjustment. Now, with all this programing done you must connect the appropriate aileron servo to the same cable coming from aileron or AUX 1 port every time. Again, the right and left aileron servos now have to be connected always to the same independent cable. I usually mark my aileron and AUX 1 cable leads coming from the receiver with a color tape or a small colored zip tie. For me, the lead coming from the aileron output is connected to the right aileron and I mark these cables as yellow. The left aileron servo then is connected to the lead coming from the AUX 1 port and I mark this connection as red. This consistent connection each time preserves that the right and left servo get the proper computer functions I dialed in the radio for them to perform. So, let’s say that you have your ailerons connected to independent ports on your receiver and you programed functions for them, the next time you make the connections the servos are not doing exactly what they were supposed to do, one thing to check is that you connected the right and left aileron servos to their correct output port in the receiver. To BEC or not to BEC? That is the question. BEC stands for “battery eliminator circuitry”. The BEC provides regulated power to the receiver and electronics of the airplane / helicopter / car. The BEC gets its power from the main batteries that are used for motor power. This way it eliminates the need for a receiver battery. This provides more convenience as you do not have to charge a receiver battery before a flying session. Also keeps things lighter since there is no receiver battery being used. This is great specially in small to medium size electric airplanes. These are examples of External BECs. There are different types of BECs. But in general they are internal BEC and external BEC. The internal BEC is a circuitry integrated into the ESC (electronic speed controller). It is in charge of powering the airplane electronics diverting and regulating the voltage from the main motor batteries. As said before it is very convenient so to keep things easy, tidy and light. The problem is that because it is an integrated circuit to the ESC, the electrical demand from the airplane electronics can contribute to make the ESC hotter. Most BECs integrated to ESCs can handle 2-3 amps load from the airplane electronics. Some even less. If this demand is exceeded the BEC / ESC could fail. You can measure the demands of your airplane electronics to see if it is safe for your BEC but it is usually a “GUESStimation” In smaller airplanes using a LiPo 4 cells and under is OK. The larger the airplane, there will be more power draw to move bigger control surfaces (ailerons, rudder, elevator). So there is a bigger demand on the ESC / BEC. In general, a 40 to 60 size airplane should have an ESC / BEC where the BEC can provide at least 5-6 amps minimum. So, the question is when an internal BEC is not necessarily a good idea. In general, if an airplane uses a LiPo battery 4 cells an up, it is preferable to use a separate power source for the receiver and electronics. It is not that you can’t use an internal BEC but you are taking a risk of overloading the internal BEC on the ESC and causing excess heat and failure. Then let us talk about the external BEC. It is an independent unit that takes power from the main motor batteries and converts the voltage to be usable to the receiver and electronics. For us flying 2.4Ghz, we like the BEC to provide at least 6 volts. The advantage of the external BEC is that it is easier to cool than the BEC integrated to the ESC and it’s circuitry is dedicated only to handle the power draw of the receiver and electronics. It does not have to share with the ESC internal circuitry. Again, it keeps things cooler. So, in a bigger more power hungry airplane, using a separate BEC is better and safer than to use an internal / integrated BEC. Also if the ESC fails you still have the BEC powering your electronics and have control of your airplane. What happens if you are using an ESC that has an integrated BEC but you want to use and external BEC? You should not connect and external BEC at the same time that you are connecting an ESC that has an internal / integrated BEC. It actually will not cause an electrical problem in most cases. The issue is that it defeats the purpose as if something goes wrong with the ESC / BEC it can short or damage the receiver causing your airplane to crash. You can get ESCs that have no BEC. That is ideal. The other way is to get an ESC that has a switchable BEC that can be turned off. The other way is to cut / remove / disconnect the center cable of the lead going from the ESC/BEC to the receiver throttle input. This eliminates BEC power from the ESC/BEC. Now you can connect the external BEC without conflicts. A few ESC/BECs do not provide the power to the receiver through the throttle lead and have a dedicated lead with the red and black wire that connects into the receiver battery input. In that case don’t connect it. The next question is, is it better to use an external BEC or a battery to power my receiver in my larger airplanes? The answer goes back to convenience and preference. If you use an adequate external BEC with enough amps rating you are fine and don’t have to bother charging a separate receiver battery. NOW! In the unlikely event that you have a problem with your main motor power batteries (that are feeding your external BEC) then you may lose the power also to the airplane electronics. Or you may choose to use a separate battery to keep the power supply to the motor and electronics entirely separate. I personally use both approaches. In my larger airplanes 50CC and up I have chosen to power the motor with the main batteries and power the receiver electronic entirely independent from LiFe or NiMh batteries. I believe in redundancy so I actually have a back up receiver battery. There is equipment that actually switches from one receiver battery to another secondary receiver battery automatically if needed. On smaller airplanes the redundancy is not a must and actually adds weight. On larger airplanes (about 50cc and up) redundancy equals increased safety to protect your investment and also reduce possibility of property or personal damage. In other words, a model airplane (specially if it is a big one and going fast) can hurt others if you lose control (specially due to electronics failure) so it is responsible behavior to ensure that you have the best safest set up possible specially if you are going to fly around other people. I hope I brought a little bit of information about the uses of internal and external BECs and receiver batteries. I probably confused many of you more than I helped but if you have any questions and need help, there are some very experienced fellow pilots in our club that are more than willing to lend a hand. New at the field: This is the Sam Goldfarb new Senior. Sam had Gary Elliott build him this Senior after a “mishap” with his first one. This beauty is electric. It is a little bit different to the usual SUPER SENIOR 3D as the tail feathers are not sheeted and do not have flying wires to save on weight. The rudder and elevator do not have counterbalance sections and the elevator is actuated by one servo instead of the dual servos. This is the previous way of doing Senior tail fins and keeps some of the weight down . The wing and ailerons set up is the full 3D version. I maidened this beauty for Sam. Flies NICE!! Congrats!!! Right now we have Dr. Joey (me), JT, Larry Mc, Larry H, Steve and now Sam with electric versions of the Seniors. Sam’s Senior maiden flight Ohh!! I am so HAPPY!!! Here we have the Extra 300 32e by EFlite. It is distributed by Horizon Hobby. The best setup is with a Power 32 motor running on 4 cell lipo battery. JT gave me this beauty for maiden flight with a fully charged battery (what a luxury!). It was a little bit windy but we managed to get it initially trimmed and the maiden was successful. As it got a few more flights, we could dial in more accurate programing and adjustments. On its second flight it was so much better. It flies really well. Joe Schodt has one of this and I flew it in the past. It is a great little plane. More fine tuning got it flying sweet!!!! EDGE 540 Ben Davis got this one on a trade for a biplane he had. Pretty much came as plug and play. Some modifications to the fuselage were needed to accommodate canisters for noise control and rework the motor mount. Otherwise is ready to hit the skies soon. Ben Davis also has a new EXTRA 300 This one is in the 50cc gasser category. Ben has worked on getting proper silencer (canister) systems to manage noise. Also has got a DA 50cc gas motor installed. It is a good looking airplane. Had a great maiden flight by JT. AHHH!!! The ease of gas engines. Just gas them up and fly. Nothing can be simpler. Yeap!!! Greg Koepke took this second hand foamie Messerschmitt and fixed dents and other cosmetic issues. Then repainted the model and it looks really nice. Flies well. Good job Greg. John Dunning Showed us his new Jenny from Maxford. This little electric scale model has really nice detailing. Lots of rigging and just looks nice. The day he brought it to the field was quite windy so he maiden the airplane but quickly had to land it as it was too much. All in all it was a successful maiden flight. I am looking forward to see it flying in lighter winds. For those interested this model comes in a few more sizes including large scale. Now!! This was a treat! John brought to the field this Fokker DR-1. Powered by an electric motor. This thing is big. John really did a masterful flight for us from a great take off to a precision landing. This kind of airplane can be a handful on the runway and John showed us how to do it the right way. SPITFIRE Anyone!!! David Plott has flown a few times already this Parkzone electric model. Nice looks and fly bys are good looking with the installed retracts from EFlite. Flies on a 480 Power motor already installed. A 3 cell 2200 LiPo provides the needed electrons. David Plott is showing us here his new Great Planes CHIPMUNK It is a very nice flying little plane. David is now showing us his new electric biplane from Great Planes. Bruce’s Parkzone F4U Corsair. This is a new version that has a more powerful motor (power 15) and is flap and retract ready. Wingspan is 44 inches. How many RAMS Pilots you need to get a foamie Corsair ready??? Joe Schodt brought to the field this home made Depron foam Stearman. Joe got the plans from the internet and increased the size. Takes two sheets of Depron foam to get this beauty built. Powered with a 3 cell LiPo and a 450 motor. Joe is thinking going up on motor power. He could use the front weight for better CG. Other club members have already requested the plans and will try to make different versions of WWW I biplanes. Looks like a cub and flies like a cub. Well! It is a CUB! Our own Larry Harris got this Maxford Cub with military motives. Electric powered. Good looking airplane! Unfortunately the expiration date for this airplane was met too soon. Was a little bit difficult to roll on the runway and once flying it was all over the ski. Larry had to struggle with it a couple of flights. Installation of gyros in this airplane was not too helpful and actually seemed was getting on the way of flying it. In one of the landings the cub went too far into the pilot stands area and the wing hit a PVC post. Dr. Joey little EFlite Edge 540 QQ 280. This small foamie is a creation of Quique Somenzini. It has all digital servos, outrunner motor and runs on a 3 cell 450 milliamps. It has considerable power to weight ratio allowing it to do aerobatic and 3D flying. It comes as Bind & Fly. On the right we have Dr. Joey’s Extra 260 50cc gasser. Geoff is getting ready his new Spitfire. He put together this one with a four stroke nitro and the sound of this airplane is just sweet. It has good power and does all rolls, and loops with precision. Geoff has got pretty good at landing this one getting those main wheels nicely on the runway in a very scale look approach. This one is a fast landing airplane. Yes, I know it is not the most flattering position to have a picture taken when you are getting the CG of your new airplane but that is what the camera got! SORRY LARRY H.!!!! Ben Davi’s trailer at the field. Hummm!!! Ben! For the looks of it, you have plenty of space there for more. You definitely can get more airplanes there. And if you run out of space, you can install a hitch in the back of your trailer and pull another trailer UPS trucks style. You see! I just solved your problem for when you get your 200cc gasser. I HAVE TRAILER ENVY!!! Rich doing a slow fly by with his Great Planes “U-Can Do”. Rich has this 40 size 3D / aerobatic airplane nicely trimmed and flies with plenty of power and authority. He uses a 4 stroke nitro in it. The U-Can Do comes in two sizes. The 40 and the 60 size. Fully aerobatic and 3D capable. Made by Great Planes and distributed by Tower Hobbies. Gary Elliott is looking high in the sky following the second maiden of his Cularis Glider from Multiplex. After a couple of mishaps that required a new fuselage and remounting the motor with more right thrust, this glider flies really nice. IT IS ELECTRIC AND GARY LOVES IT!!! Gary got his Cluraris from Carolina Hobbies. Our fellow club member, Bill Wynne is the owner. Here we have the Dr. Joey’s Hog Bipe with a FG20 Saito 4 stroke gasser. On the airplane stand is Ben’s new 50cc gasser Edge 540 having some engine work done Bruce Crozier, our Club Safety Officer is setting up his Pulse 60 from Hangar 9 after some radio changes. Even though all inputs to the motor are being disabled while doing the adjustments, we still hold to the airplane just in case. We always advise pilots that if doing adjustments to the radio like this, disconnect at least two of the three motor cables or take the propeller off. A 25 and up motor gone full speed can get out of your hands in a second. If you are going to do some radio adjustments and can’t disable the motor, do the adjustments on the airplane stands. Rich is holding his “RAN OUT OF PAINT” jet. Rich has been experimenting with this propeller jet for the Pylon racing we will start this year. TIPS: Facilitating Binding: Binding Plug Extension If your receiver is located in a difficult place to reach, sometimes the binding procedure becomes a pain. One way to facilitate the process is by adding a servo extension connected to the binding port of the receiver and route the extension to somewhere in your airplane that you can easily reach. Then you can plug in the BINDING PLUG any time you need to bind. Protecting the antennae from your 2.4Ghz receivers and also to keep them straight. You can cut a short piece of fuel line and slide it over the antennae. In this picture I show my use of shrink tubing to achieve the same purpose. Cut the shrink tubing to size. Slide it in place and then apply heat with a heat gun until the shrink tubing comes to size. Works very well. Does not cause a decrease in range. SERVO TESTER: When you are setting up a new airplane, a servo tester is very useful to get all servos and linkages in the right position without having to get all the radio system working and installed. They run from $8 to $40. Good Neighbor Noise Control: As many of you know, at RAMS Club, we have a strong incentive to keep the noise that our neighbors have to endure as low as possible in order to minimize and even better, eliminate any noise complaints. A few years ago the club officers presented to the members in one of our meetings actions we can take to keep noise control. From time to time we revisit these rules, but I am of the opinion that nowhere we have these suggestions, rules and decisions together in one easy to read series of statements addressing this issue. So, here is my attempt to gather the different rules we have for noise control. 1) Nitro, gas or noisy electric airplanes are not to be flown before 9:00AM or after 9:00PM. Exemption will be during an official club event. 2) All nitro and gas engines must have a muffler system. 3) Gas engines up to 35CC can use the basic muffler system provided by the manufacturer. 4) Gas engines between 30CC to 49CC are subject to a requirement of improved silencer / muffler system if too loud. Club officers must inspect and agree if the noise reduction device is adequate or needs to be improved. 5) Gas engines 50CC and above are ALL required to have canister systems to fly at RAMS. Exemption will be during an official club event where guest pilots are invited. Even though there are new devices for noise reduction, canisters are the ultimate technology that we are aware for noise control at the present time. 6) RAMS pilots must be aware that airplane models they wish to fly at our field, must be able to accommodate the required silencers and canisters. 7) Noise from a nitro or gas engine is to be evaluated by club officers. We have opted not to use decibel meter devices since the issue with noise for our neighbors is when the model is flown (subjective) and not when in the ground (objective). 8) During specific times of the year, example; hunting season, the club will limit times when nitro, gas and noisy electric airplanes can be flown. Currently the only limitation we have is during hunting season when nitro, gas and noisy electric airplanes must not be flown after 4:00PM on Saturdays. The club officers will notify the club members when a flying restriction is in effect. drj9/2012 Interesting products to follow: HOBBY KING ORANGE TRANSMITTER HobbyKing has introduced a six channel DSM2 / DSMX compatible radio. Reading the specifications this is a nice radion for the money with many programing features. It is also capable of using different types of battery chemistry and actually go into the radio programing to choose what type of battery input you will be using, MickelMh, NiCads, LiPo, LiFe. Now, if you have in your mind getting one of these radios, keep in consideration that this is a transmitter. It emits a radio signal. It is my understanding that is not FCC approved for use in the US. This means that is not actually legal. It also would mean that in an AMA sanctioned field like ours this is not a radio we would like to see in use. Humm! \ http://www.hobbyking.com/hobbyking/store/__31544__Turnigy_9XR_Transmitter_Mode_2_No_Module_.html The 9XR is from the Turnigy product line by Hobby King. It is supplied preloaded with an extensive list of standard programing features. 9XR Standard Features: • 8 Channel PPM/9 Channel PCM • Full Ball Bearing gimbals • Adjustable Stick Length • Digital Trims on all Primary Axis • 16 Model Memory • Assignable Switches • Freely Assignable Channel Mixes • Graphical Dual Rate and Exponential • Sub Trim and Travel Adjust • Flaps and Differential • Throttle Hold • Supports Heli/ Aero/ Glider Model Types • Programming Templates Based on Model Type • Supports M1, M2, M3, M4 stick modes • 128 x 64 backlit Liquid Crystal Display • Built in JR & Futaba Trainer Ports • PPM & PCM Output • JR Form Factor RF Modules (Orx Dsm2, Orx Open LRS 433Mhz etc) • Programmable Timers • Low Voltage Warning and Buzzer • Supports 3s Lipo (Required) • 9XR Firmware Pre-loaded • AVR ISP Interface • Internal 2.4GHz Antenna Online support and user forums available at: www.turnigy9xr.com EVOLUTION 10GX 10cc gasser. Is interesting to see how manufacturers continue shifting model engine production toward the appeal of gas engines. Evolution brand distributed by Horizon Hobby has introduced the 10GX 10cc 2 stroke gas engine with a smaller ignition box than what has been the usual. We will keep an eye on these smaller engines that can now be used in the 40 to 90 size of nitro airplanes. The 10cc size is particularly suited for the 45 to 60 range of nitro airplanes. This engine can be used for airplanes like: Meridian 10cc – Hangar 9 Corsair 50 – Hangar 9 TWIST 40 – Hangar 9 Also can be used on airplanes like the Pulse 40 and alike models. Other manufacturers have developed in the smaller range of gas engines like OS, DLE, RCGF to name a few. One of the main problems right now is the weight and size of the ignition box still is too heavy and large to make them good options for the 40-60 size airplanes plus the added weight of an ignition battery. Recently there are ignition battery eliminator systems and development of smaller ignition boxes that may improve on this deficiency. So, for those of you that are looking to get out of nitro and don’t quite like the electrics, these smaller gas engines may become a possible alternative. In my opinion they are not quite there yet in terms of being reliable engines. I am considering experimenting with a 10gx Evolution 10cc you can get for $200.00 and see how it goes. Also the DLE 20cc is worth a look. Bend Davis, from our club, came across this offer of and Sbach profile 20cc airplane and it can be purchased as a combo with motor and servos. Take a look if interested. http://www.redwingrc.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=1_23&p roducts_id=17 My experience: At RAMS I have been the only one with a smaller than 30cc gas engine experience. I bought a few years ago a SAITO FG-20 (20cc) gasser (now is the FG-21). Initially was a very difficult engine to adjust. The manufacturer later on retrofitted the engines with a new carburetor and the engine has become one of my most reliable engines. I use it in a Hog Bipe from Sig and works great. It is the equivalent to a 120 size four stroke nitro engine. AR 635 from Spektrum Spektrum is releasing soon a full range 6 channel receiver with integrated AS3X three axis stabilization system. Can be used on anything like sport, aerobatic and 3D airplanes. The AS3X gyro system can be turned on and off and adjusted from the radio. Very Interesting! Hummm!!! VisionAire by Parkzone Horizon Hobby has developed a ParkZone model for 3D fliers. Quique Somenzini has come up with this foamie made out of foam and carbon (Carbon Z technology). The motor is powerful enough to give hover capabilities and it will be a 3D parkflyer. Digital servos all around. AS3X three gyro system. Nice. I WANT ONE! Who is going to be the first one at the field? Joe, this may be the one you were looking for. Take a look at this: Model Airplanes of the 1950s and 60s: http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=xZ2iWmgTFbc EUROFIGHTER FLY BY: http://youtu.be/fG0AtwZb6Qw Thanks Ben for this video. JT and Dr Joey’s 90mm EDF jets. An F18 Super Hornet and the Eurofighter 2000. A short video of the Eurofighter fly by was taken by Ben. These are big 90mm electric ducted fan foam jets sold by Hobby Lobby although Banana Hobby also sells them. The battery used is a 6 cell LiPo in the 3700 to 5000 milliamp range. The F18 is faster than the Eurofighter. The Eurofighter is more aerobatic and with more fluid movements due to the functional canards in the front. Both must be landed in a high alpha approach (nose up) and proper throttle management is a most for good landing. Electric retracts come installed and it gives a great scale look. Mail Room: Dr. Joey: FYI I found this handy-dandy video that details rebuilding a Walbro carb like the ones in our airplane gas engines: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5C86ZYNcnI&feature=player_embedded I posted it to RCGroups.com and so far it has gotten positive responses. The video makes it look pretty easy. Ben NEW PILOT TRAINING AT RAMS: Here we have Bob being under training with our Safety Officer, Bruce. Bob’s Apprentice is a proven great trainer airplane. We see it here rolling on the runway for a smooth nice take off. Bob started with trainer cord and has been assisted / taught by Larry McMillen and Larry Harris, JT and myself. Now Bob is flying solo and doing a great job. This afternoon he was practicing landings and Bruce was by his side providing instruction and advice. Bruce sounded somewhat like this; NO!! NO!! Go faster and make a turn NOW!!! SLOW DOWN – SPEED UP, KEEP GOING – NOW COME DOWN, NO NO!!! That is too darn FAST! Bob felt at all times quite reassured. NAHH!!! I am kidding. Some reminders: GUEST PILOTS may fly only if they have AMA registration and only if a RAMS member is present. Please verify any guest pilot has up to date AMA. Avoid flying low or over farming equipment and farming crews. New potential members: Please remind any new members flying at RAMS that once they start flying, they must submit a membership form and full payment within four weeks so they can go for membership consideration. JOE NALL FUN FLY IN 2013 – Woodruff, South Carolina - May 11 to the 18th. Separate the date. It is worth it going to this FunFly. JT and I are planning to go so join us there at RAMS Base. February Club Meeting: February 3, 9:30AM at Golden Corral on US1 / Wake Forest. We can get breakfast and start the meeting by 10:00AM. Very important business to discuss regarding our runway maintenance. Please attend so you can give your opinions, have your vote count and help us to get this done. BARKS SWAP SHOP SATURDAY JANUARY 26, 2013 FAIRCHILD COMMUNITY CENTER, BURLINGTON, NC I-85 GRAHAM EXIT 147 NORTH, FOLLOW SIGNS 7:00 AM – 2:00 PM (EARLY SET UP AVAILABLE FRIDAY 01/25, 7-9 PM) GENERAL ADMISSION: $5.00 INSIDE TABLES: $15.00 WALL TABLES: $20.00 ADVANCE RESERVATIONS RECOMMENDED! ONLINE RESERVATIONS: http://www.dixienc.us/Tables/ INFORMATION JOHN FERRELL (336) 685-9606 jferrell13@triad.rr.com 6241 Phillippi Rd., Julian NC 27283 (use 837 S Graham Hopedale Rd, Burlington NC 27217 for GPS) HANOVER RADIO CONTROL FLYING CLUB 11th Annual Swap Meet & Indoor Flying Electric FunFly Fairmount Christian Church, 6502 Creighton Road, Mechanicsville, VA APRIL 6, 2013, 8:00AM - $5.00 To rent a table: keithcollier@verizon.net For more info: www.hanoverrc.org Pylon Racing: The RAMS Experts, very well known for the high end technological work and worldwide known to be on the FRONT PORCH OF TECHNOLOGY are working hard with designs and power options for our pylon racers. As more information comes along we will publish it on the RAMS Website, RAMS Updates and Newsletters. Some basic rules are being developed and we will pass it along to all you guys. For now, the basic approach is to use a 3 cell LiPo batt at 2200 milliamps or less and for safety, if you are going to use a propeller system, we prefer it to be a pusher prop. Remember that all the opinions and information in these newsletters is for entertainment purposes. Well, I am done. Take care guys. I will see you at the field and have safe fun flying!!! Dr. Joey RAMS Secretary