SM12Field Filters Richter.pptx
Transcription
SM12Field Filters Richter.pptx
Steve Richter SJRWMD Field Lab Procurement Ellen Bailey Kevin Coates Elizabeth Mattke Kelly Crew Chuck Faulk Roxanne Conrow Rob McCoy Elizabeth Daneman Melissa Pressley Paul Ek Lin Sailers Rolly Fulton Lisa Smith Rebecca Husk David Welch Lauren Peacock Carl Wince Jim Peterson Randy Roth Ken Snyder Brian Sparks For many years, the District has used Supor-450 flat disc filters (0.45 um pore size) Turbid sites require multiple filters (> 3) to obtain sufficient sample volume To save time, 0.45 um pore size, high capacity capsule filters were used starting February 2007 Some capsule filters had “breakthrough” problems, i.e. raw sample collected in the filtrate, or contamination issues (TKN-D) To standardize on one capsule filter manufacturer that does not have breakthrough issues, the District undertook an extensive study Manufacturer Membrane Geotech White acrylic copolymer coa/ng over a non‐woven Substrate Surface Area cm2 Part Number 700 Supplier 2010 Cost, Each* 73050004 Geotech Environmental $13.50 $10.99 Hydroline Polyethersulfone (PES) 800 Hydro‐8000HF Groundwater Essen/als Millipore Polyethersulfone (PES) 600 GWSC04550 Fisher Scien/fic $12.50 $11.00 $12.55 QED Polyethersulfone (PES) 609 FF8200T QED Environmental Whatman Polyethersulfone (PES) 600 6724‐6004 Fisher Scien/fic 47 mm = 14 60173 for 47 mm Supor‐450, cm2 or 142 and 60177 for 142 single flat disc Polyethersulfone (PES) mm = 110 cm2 mm VWR Scien/fic * To obtain this price, quan/ty minimums are generally required. $1.33 for 47 mm and $6.22 for 142 mm Polyethersulfone (PES) Acrylic, e.g. Poly(methyl methacrylate) Analyte Geotech Hydroline Millipore QED Whatman Alkalinity (MDL=5) Conductivity (MDL=50) NH4-D (MDL=0.01) 3 3 3 1 NOx-D (MDL=0.01) PO4-D (MDL=0.012) 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 Cl (MDL=3) SO4 (MDL=3) SiO2-D (MDL=0.2) DOC (MDL=1) 2 2 Turbidity (MDL=0.5) 4 filters tested for each manufacturer with no pre-rinsing with DI water Analyte Geotech Ag-D (MDL=0.5) Al-D (MDL=10) As-D (MDL=3) Ba-D (MDL=1) Ca-D (MDL=0.5) Cd-D (MDL=0.5) Cr-D (MDL=1) Cu-D (MDL=1) Fe-D (MDL=10) K-D (MDL=1) Mg-D (MDL=0.5) Mn-D (MDL=0.5) Mo-D (MDL=1) 1 Hydroline Millipore QED Whatman Analyte Geotech Hydroline Millipore QED Whatman Na-D (MDL=1) Ni-D (MDL=1) 1 Pb-D (MDL=2) Se-D (MDL=5) Zn-D (MDL=5) Be-D (MDL=0.1) Sb-D (MDL=3) Sn-D (MDL=3) Sr-D (MDL=10) Tl-D (MDL=3) V-D (MDL=1) 1 Rinsing Test-Determine how much prerinsing with DI water is required to reduce contaminants (NH4-D and TKN-D) to below detection levels (< MDL) in field blanks Breakthrough Test-Determine if breakthrough occurs when the filters are becoming blinded (plugged) A total of10 filters from each manufacturer tested for NH4-D and TKN-D A series of 8 oz. samples collected from each of 5 filters after filtering 0, 250, 750, 1250, and 2000 mL of DI water A series of 8 oz. samples collected from each of 5 filters after filtering 0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 mL of DI water Geotech NH4-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.08 0.07 NH4-D, mg/L 0.06 0.05 Q3 Q2 0.04 "" 0.03 MDL PQL 0.02 0.01 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Hydroline NH4-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.08 0.07 NH4-D, mg/L 0.06 0.05 Q3 Q2 0.04 "" 0.03 MDL PQL 0.02 0.01 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Millipore NH4-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.08 0.07 NH4-D, mg/L 0.06 0.05 Q3 Q2 0.04 "" 0.03 MDL PQL 0.02 0.01 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 QED NH4-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.08 0.07 0.06 NH4-D, mg/L 0.05 Q3 0.04 Q2 "" 0.03 MDL PQL 0.02 0.01 2E-17 0 -0.01 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Whatman NH4-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.08 0.07 0.06 NH4-D, mg/L 0.05 Q3 0.04 Q2 "" 0.03 MDL PQL 0.02 0.01 2E-17 0 -0.01 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Geotech TKN-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.8 0.7 TKN-D, mg/L 0.6 0.5 Q3 Q2 0.4 "" 0.3 MDL PQL 0.2 0.1 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Hydroline TKN-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.8 0.7 TKN-D, mg/L 0.6 0.5 Q3 Q2 0.4 "" 0.3 MDL PQL 0.2 0.1 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Millipore TKN-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.8 0.7 TKN-D, mg/L 0.6 0.5 Q3 Q2 0.4 "" 0.3 MDL PQL 0.2 0.1 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 QED TKN-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.8 0.7 TKN-D, mg/L 0.6 0.5 Q3 Q2 0.4 "" 0.3 MDL PQL 0.2 0.1 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 Whatman TKN-D Values vs Filter Rinse Volume 0.8 0.7 TKN-D, mg/L 0.6 0.5 Q3 Q2 0.4 "" 0.3 MDL PQL 0.2 0.1 0 0 250 500 750 1000 Rinse Volume, mL 1250 1500 2000 < MDL aLer 0 mL? < MDL aLer 1000 mL? < MDL aLer 2000 mL? NH4‐D TKN‐D NH4‐D TKN‐D NH4‐D TKN‐D Geotech No No No No No Yes Hydroline No No No No No No Millipore No No No Yes No Yes QED No No No Yes No No Whatman No No No No No No Manufacturer A total of 6 filters from each manufacturer tested on 11-18-2010 in the field An 8 oz. sample collected from each after filtering at least 1500 mL of lake water (the target quantity), except for the QED filters, where as little as 800 mL was filtered in 2 cases Analyte Value Units Chl-a 229 mg/m3 Cr-T 0.3 ug/L Fe-T 1440 ug/L SiO2-D 4.2 mg/L NH4-D 0.046 mg/L TKN-T 6.7 mg/L TOC 46.5 mg/L Turbidity 34 ntu TDS 140 mg/L TSS 120 mg/L Manufacturer Visible Material on Filter? Comments Geotech Yes, 4 of 6 green Chl‐a 2‐26 mg/m3 Hydroline No, but 2 very slow and 1 slow of 6 Hits for TP/TKN and Cr, Fe, and Si Millipore Yes, 6 of 6 green Chl‐a ~96 mg/m3 QED Yes, 1 of 6 green Chl‐a ~20 mg/m3 Whatman No and all fast All filtered in ~ 1 minute Out of 5 high capacity capsule filter manufacturers tested, only Whatman Polycap GW filters had no breakthrough But the Whatman filters need a large amount of pre-rinsing with DI water (5 L or 3 L after a 1 h soak) to remove NH4-D, TKN-D, and DOC At the end of all the testing, Whatman provided a new, lower capacity capsule filter to test, the Polydisc GW Analyte Whatman Polydisc GW* NH4-D (MDL=0.02) NOx-D (MDL=0.01) PO4-D (MDL=0.012) SiO2-D (MDL=0.2) DOC (MDL=1) TKN-D (MDL=0.05) TP-D (MDL=0.01) * 8 filters tested, 2 each at 300, 500, 1000, and 1500 mL pre-rinsing with DI water Manufacturer Membrane Whatman Polyethersulfone (PES) Surface Area cm2 Part Number 600 6724‐6004 Supplier Fisher Scien/fic 47 mm = 14 60173 for 47 mm Supor‐450, cm2 or 142 and 60177 for 142 single flat disc Polyethersulfone (PES) mm = 110 cm2 mm VWR Scien/fic Whatman Nylon (polyamide) with quartz fiber prefilter 20 10‐463‐400 * To obtain this price, quan/ty minimums are generally required. Fisher Scien/fic 2010 Cost, Each* $12.55 $1.33 for 47 mm and $6.22 for 142 mm $9.50