2012 AAAS Annual Report

BUILDING A GLOBAL
KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY:
SCIENCE COMMUNICATION
AND COLLABORATION
A A AS ANNUAL REPORT 2012
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is the
world’s largest general scientific society, and publisher of the journal
Science (www.sciencemag.org) as well as Science Translational Medicine
(www.sciencetranslationalmedicine.org) and Science Signaling
(www.sciencesignaling.org). AAAS was founded in 1848 and includes
some 261 affiliated societies and academies of science, serving 10 million
individuals. Science has the largest paid circulation of any peer-reviewed
general science journal in the world, with an estimated total readership
of 1 million. The non-profit AAAS (www.aaas.org) is open to all and fulfills
its mission to “advance science and serve society” through initiatives in
science policy; international programs; science education; and more.
For the latest research news, log onto EurekAlert!, www.eurekalert.org,
the premier science-news Web site, a service of AAAS.
American Association for the Advancement of Science
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Tel: 202-326-6440
For more information about supporting AAAS, please e-mail
developmentoffice@aaas.org, or call 202-326-6636.
On the Cover: Even the seemingly pristine Galápagos Islands, one of the most
biologically rich and diverse ecosystems on the planet, face increasing threats
as a result of climate change, water pollution, invasive plants and animals and
other challenges related to human activities. This famous view of Pinnacle
Rock on Bartholomew Island was captured in February 2013 by Alan I. Leshner.
An extinct volcano, Bartholomew Island features colorful lava formations and
wildlife such as blue-footed boobies, Pacific green sea turtles, sea lions and
a rare colony of Galápagos penguins. Pinnacle Rock (on the right) is a spearshaped obelisk known as a “tuff cone,” formed when sea water cooled volcanic
magma, triggering an explosion that resulted in a huge igneous rock
comprised of many thin layers of basalt.
[FSC MixedSources logo / Rainforest Alliance Certified /
100 percent green power logo] PRINTER WILL ADD
Table of Contents
Welcome Letter by Nina V. Fedoroff and Alan I. Leshner ...................... 2
Public Statements on Key Issues ........................................................ 4
Media and Public Engagement ........................................................... 8
Science Diplomacy Worldwide .......................................................... 11
Science, Policy and Society ...............................................................14
AAAS MemberCentral ........................................................................17
U.S. Government Relations ................................................................18
Science, Technology and Security Policy .......................................... 20
The Science Family of Journals ......................................................... 23
Improving Science Literacy ............................................................... 27
Education, Outreach and Careers ..................................................... 29
AAAS Divisions ..................................................................................31
Special Gifts and Projects 2012 ........................................................ 33
AAAS Awards and Prizes .................................................................. 35
AAAS Fellows ................................................................................... 38
Acknowledgment of Contributors and Patron Members ................... 41
Financial Summary........................................................................... 52
AAAS Board of Directors, Officers and Information .......................... 53
Welcome
from the AAAS Chair, Nina V. Fedoroff,
and the CEO, Alan I. Leshner
Scientific evidence tells us
unambiguously that global
climate change is real and happening now, and it is related
to human activities, yet there
is still a disconnect between
the facts and some people’s
beliefs. Warmer temperatures
have already affected corn,
wheat, rice and soybean yields, which decline
by roughly 10 percent in response to each
additional degree of heat. And yet the world’s
food supply needs to double as the human
population pushes toward 9 billion by midcentury. Crops engineered to resist drought
and pests suggest a way to feed hungry
people while protecting natural resources.
Sadly, unfounded public fears about modified
foods have persisted. Meanwhile, farmland
all over the world has succumbed to overuse,
drought and wildfires.
Clearly, pursuing new scientific knowledge
for its own sake is not enough. Too many
people remain unconvinced of the reality of
climate change and unconcerned about other
urgent problems such as water scarcity and
disappearing species. Scientists, engineers
and educators must effectively communicate
science in order to accelerate the pace of positive change worldwide.
Strategies for influencing public perceptions about science-based challenges were
the focus of a lively, interactive event that took
place during the 2012 AAAS Annual Meeting in
Vancouver, Canada. A panel of experts, moderated by award-winning journalist Frank Sesno,
director of the School of Media and Public Affairs at George Washington University, offered
insights for communicating about climate
change, the world’s increasing human population, evolution and more. The event, featuring
audience surveys and online feedback, also
included Hans Rosling’s unique demonstration of global population trends. (For a video
2
replay, log onto http://www.aaas.org/go/
rosling.) Turn to pages 8-10 for details on the
association’s many communication and public
engagement efforts.
International research collaboration is also
a key to leveraging science in the service of
society. Science diplomacy, in particular, can
speed advances, even amid tense governmental relations, as shared research goals help to
build a bridge between nations. AAAS in 2012
demonstrated the promise of this basic principle by dispatching delegations to Iran, North
Korea, Burma and Cuba, and by launching a
new online publication, Science & Diplomacy.
In Iran, for example, which is known for advances in medical and stem cell research, former
AAAS President and Nobel laureate Peter
Agre joined AAAS Senior Advisor Norman
P. Neureiter for meetings with President
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and others. “It is a
strategy of engagement,” Neureiter explained
to popular WAMU-FM radio show host Kojo
Nnamdi after the Iran trip. “You find common
issues in science that you can work on.”
Scientific discovery is increasingly an international, multidisciplinary enterprise. At the
same time, finding innovative ways to sustain
more and more people in the 21st century
will require a diversity of ideas from many
regions. Read about AAAS international work
on pages 11-13.
The AAAS Science and Technology Policy
Fellowships, dating to 1973, were established
to bring scientific expertise to bear on the U.S.
policy-making process. Today, more than 2,500
alumni of the program are making meaningful contributions to global challenges, too,
including efforts to combat hunger, disease
and ecological threats. AAAS S&T Policy Fellows have provided crucial data in support of
the Endangered Species Act, for example. They
have also participated in a federal task force
on climate change adaptation, worked on a recovery and reconstruction project in Haiti, and
helped to establish a digital research library
for Iraqi scientists. Alumni of the program have
risen to high-impact positions in Congress, the
White House, the State Department, USAID,
federal agencies, research universities and
non-governmental organizations.
Pages 14-15 and 18-19 of this report
offer more information on the S&T Policy
Fellowships as well as the association’s
many other science policy-related programs.
Those ongoing activities include a highly
effective Research Competitiveness Program
that promotes economic progress by helping
universities, state agencies and other institutions translate ideas into commercial services
and products. Communicating the connection
between research investments, innovation
and job growth also remains a primary goal for
AAAS science policy and government relations
staff. In 2012, AAAS provided authoritative,
unbiased analyses of federal R&D funding
trends, and organized events to inform public
discourse on topics such as water conservation, climate change and agricultural advances. The four geographic divisions of AAAS convened regional meetings on topics including
sustainable design and human health issues
in the Arctic (see pages 31-32).
Project 2061, the association’s renowned
science-education reform initiative, and experts like Shirley Malcom of AAAS Education
and Human Resources are working to improve
U.S. science education. The association’s efforts to promote science literacy—encompassing new assessment tools, lesson plans and
scholarships for teachers, plus major networking events and presentation opportunities for
early-career researchers—are described on
pages 27-30. An update on Science Careers,
our comprehensive online resource for science
job seekers and employers, has also been
included there.
The Science family of journals, published
by AAAS, continued in 2012 to convey original, peer-reviewed research with potential to
improve human welfare. (See pages 23-26.)
Pioneering studies of H5N1 avian influenza
set the stage for the development of antivirals and vaccines, which will be essential in
the event of a pandemic. Other research and
news articles published by Science, Science
Translational Medicine and Science Signaling
advanced our understanding of drug-resistant
malaria in Southeast Asia, HIV-AIDS in America
and key genetic mechanisms that could lead to
more robust, productive rice crops.
We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of
many researchers who are both achieving
and communicating life-changing discoveries.
With your help, AAAS will continue to play an
important role in building a global knowledge
society for the 21st century.
Nina V. Fedoroff
AAAS Chair (2012-2013) and Distinguished
Professor of Biosciences at the King Abdullah
University of Science and Technology,
Saudi Arabia, and Evan Pugh Professor in
the Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences,
Pennsylvania State University
Alan I. Leshner
AAAS CEO and Executive Publisher,
Science, Science Translational Medicine
and Science Signaling
3
Public Statements on Key Issues
The association in 2012 repeatedly urged U.S. congressional
leaders and the White House to avoid sweeping budget cuts that
would cripple key areas of American science and slow innovation. An automatic “sequestration” of resources would pose an
unprecedented risk to the U.S. scientific enterprise, deeply slashing the country’s overall research and development investment,
AAAS warned at events on Capitol Hill and in letters to policymakers as well as The New York Times. Through op-ed pieces and
interviews, AAAS also called for action on climate change and
K-12 science education while promoting science diplomacy.
WAMU-FM radio show
host Kojo Nnamdi (second
from left) moderated a
program on science diplomacy that featured AAAS
Senior Advisor Norman P.
Neureiter (at right), Lehigh
University President and
U.S. Science Envoy Alice
Gast, and Alex Dehgan,
science and technology
Advisor to the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for
International Development.
GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
INNOVATION AND GLOBAL COLLABORATION
1 August. Too many people still refuse to accept
the scientific facts about global climate change,
a point reflected in the decision of North Carolina’s legislature to disregard scientific projections of sea-level rise, AAAS CEO Alan I. Leshner
wrote in a (Raleigh) News & Observer op-ed.
The piece, co-authored by climate scientist William L. Chameides of Duke University, emphasized that “climate change is real, it is underway now, and humans are contributing to it.”
10 February. Increasingly, innovation will hinge
upon international research collaboration as
modern science becomes an ever more global
enterprise, transcending national boundaries,
the AAAS CEO wrote in a Vancouver Sun op-ed
co-authored by Stephen Toope, president and
vice-chancellor of the University of British Columbia. The op-ed was published in advance of
the 2012 AAAS Annual Meeting in Vancouver.
“Globally, our support for basic science and
international collaborations must not waver,”
Toope and Leshner wrote.
SCIENCE DIPLOMACY
25 June. Popular radio show host Kojo Nnamdi
organized an on-air discussion about science
diplomacy following a successful AAAS trip to
Iran. Nnamdi’s guests were Norman Neureiter,
senior advisor to the AAAS Center for Science
Diplomacy; Lehigh University President and
former AAAS Board member Alice Gast; and
former AAAS S&T Policy Fellow Alex Dehgan,
science and technology advisor to the Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development. Listen at www.aaas.org/go/kojo/.
SCIENCE EDUCATION AND SOCIETY
13 December. With many U.S. school children
4
continuing to lag behind their international
peers in mathematics and science, parents
must demand that schools do better by their
children, according to a nonpartisan committee organized by the Center for the Study of
the Presidency and Congress. The committee’s
report, “A Letter on STEM Education to America’s Parents,” was released at AAAS. Shirley
Malcom, head of AAAS Education and Human
Resources, served on the study committee.
public health, or optional labels such
as the “kosher” or “USDA organic” labels
that support consumer decision-making and
reflect verifiable, certifiable standards. In
contrast, legally mandated labels, under current U.S. Food and Drug Administration policy,
must be relevant to health, safety and nutrition, AAAS explained. The Board concluded
that there is no scientific evidence to support
such a warning about GM foods.
13 August. Diverse learning environments offer
educational benefits to both minority and majority students, AAAS and seven other scientific societies wrote in a legal brief submitted to
the U.S. Supreme Court as it prepared to hear
a challenge to a university’s diversity-recruitment efforts. The document, submitted by the
American Educational Research Association,
summarized peer-reviewed scientific evidence
relevant to the case of Fisher v. University of
Texas at Austin.
THE SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE
27 March. AAAS urged Tennessee Gov. Bill
Haslam to veto a controversial education bill
that would call into question the well-established scientific facts behind evolution and
global climate change by encouraging teachers
to present the “scientific strengths and scientific weaknesses” of issues that “may cause
debate and disputation.”
2 December. U.S. scientific advances are being
slowed by “excessive, redundant, ineffective reporting and assurance requirements
imposed both by government agencies and
the universities where research is being conducted,” the AAAS CEO wrote in a 2 December commentary in The Chronicle of Higher
Education. The essay, co-authored by Steven
J. Fluharty, senior vice provost for research at
the University of Pennsylvania, concluded that
“such wastefulness is unacceptable” at a time
of severely constrained budgets.
9 September. A Washington Post op-ed by the
AAAS CEO and U.S. Representative Jim Cooper
(D-Tennessee) said that it’s time for Americans
to get serious about basic science and stop
mocking research projects with unusual titles.
21 March. The association also expressed
concern over proposed Oklahoma legislation
that would encourage the state’s public school
teachers to question the well-established
science behind evolution and global climate
change.
SCIENCE POLICY AND SOCIETY
20 October. Foods containing ingredients
from genetically modified (GM) crops pose no
greater risk than the same foods made from
crops modified by conventional plant breeding techniques, the AAAS Board of Directors
concluded. Legally mandating labels on GM
foods could therefore “mislead and falsely
alarm consumers,” the Board’s statement
said. The association emphasized that it was
not opposed to labeling intended to protect
5
The United States may risk falling behind in
scientific discoveries as other countries increase
their science funding, the authors wrote in a
piece that celebrated the winners of the firstever Golden Goose Awards. The op-ed was
republished by multiple other media outlets.
9 May. AAAS responded to an amendment that
would eliminate funding for National Science
Foundation political science research by sending letters to key House and Senate contacts,
urging them to protect the integrity of the scientific enterprise.
8 June. AAAS issued a public statement in
support of a proposed International Science
and Technology Cooperation Act, which would
establish an interagency committee, under the
direction of the National Science and Technology Council, to coordinate and improve the
efficiency of U.S. research efforts.
18 January. The association reaffirmed its support for the existing public access policy of the
U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), and
announced its opposition to the Research Works
Act. That legislation would prevent the NIH from
requiring its grantees to make biomedical research findings freely available via the National
Library of Medicine’s Web site.
18 May. In letters to U.S. House and Senate
leaders, AAAS and other scientific organizations
expressed “deep concern” regarding amendments that would place severe restrictions on
the ability of government employees to attend conferences. Such an amendment would
“inadvertently impede the free flow of scientific
information and the professional development
of scientists and engineers,” the letter said.
12 January. AAAS provided input to the White
House Office of Science and Technology Policy
on public access to peer-reviewed publications
resulting from federally funded research. Developing public access policies should involve
engagement by stakeholders with a range of
perspectives, including non-profit publishers
such as AAAS.
U.S. FEDERAL R&D FUNDING
17 December. AAAS sent letters to President
Barack Obama and Speaker of the U.S. House of
Representatives John Boehner (R-Ohio), urging
them to “work together to achieve a bipartisan
compromise that avoids the fiscal cliff and
moves the country onto solid fiscal footing without sacrificing our nation’s crucial investments
in science and technology.”
7 December. The association and 126 partner
groups called on the White House and congressional leaders to strike a balanced compromise
on the looming fiscal cliff and avoid harming
research efforts.
7 December. AAAS rallied its members and
others concerned about American innovation to share video and text messages on how
sweeping budget cuts could negatively impact
6
scientific progress. The “Speak Up for Science”
campaign helped to illustrate the potential effects of a budget sequestration.
19 November. In a letter to The New York Times,
the AAAS CEO urged researchers and citizens to
oppose sweeping budget cuts that threatened
U.S. research and development as part of a
budget sequestration. “Hope is not enough,”
he wrote. “Every scientist, and anyone else who
cares about future prosperity and quality of life,
must speak up for science now.”
CEO and Kent Kresa, chairman emeritus of the
Northrop Grumman Corporation and chairman of the Board of Trustees of the California
Institute of Technology, was distributed by the
McClatchy news wire and republished by a halfdozen other media outlets.
12 July. AAAS joined more than 3,000 national,
state and local organizations in warning members of Congress and President Obama that
automatic budget cuts would have devastating
effects on research.
27 September. Governments must continue
robust funding for basic research if they are
to reap the economic benefits of science and
technology innovation, the AAAS CEO wrote in
the German newspaper Die Zeit. The piece was
published in advance of his appearance at the
Falling Walls Conference.
27 September. In an op-ed, AAAS warned that
across-the-board budget cuts under a sequestration scenario could cripple key areas of
science. The piece, co-authored by the AAAS
7
Media and Public Engagement
The value of positive interaction between the scientific community and the general public cannot be underestimated. Progress
toward solving some of our world’s most critical problems depends equally on the innovations of science and the ability of
science experts to communicate and gain public support for their
findings. AAAS, through its sophisticated yet highly accessible
Annual Meeting, its extensive participation in science events
for the public, and its varied public outreach programs, helps to
2012 AAAS ANNUAL MEETING
Held in Vancouver, British Columbia, the 2012
AAAS Annual Meeting urged the scientific
community to reach out, across national
borders and diverse belief systems, to help
develop and gain support for solutions to the
world’s most urgent problems. AAAS President Nina Fedoroff (shown below) emphasized
that scientists in developed and developing
nations must collaborate to combat problems
such as the threat of widespread hunger as
the world’s population grows and climate
change endangers the Earth’s limited supply
of arable land.
New ways to reach the public through
traditional and online media on issues such as
climate change headlined a plenary event presented by a panel of renowned science communicators. Other presentations focused on
wide-ranging subjects, from carbon storage to
synthetic hamburgers, to the lag in women’s
participation in the science and engineering
workforce and leadership positions.
The Meeting’s Family Science Days brought
more than 6,387 attendees who enjoyed
exploring alien planets, sea creatures and
rocketry at table-top laboratories, as well as
meeting and talking with scientists. The 2012
meeting also drew 4,420 general delegates
and 760 journalists, bringing the total attendance to 11,567 attendees.
USA SCIENCE & ENGINEERING FESTIVAL
AAAS provided thousands of jelly beans—and
a memorable learning experience about how
taste and smell interact—at the second USA
Science & Engineering Festival, the nation’s
largest science festival, of which AAAS is a
founding partner. The giant, colorful 3-D models of a mouth, nose, ear, finger and eyeball
representing the different interactive stations
8
THIS PAGE: JESSE KARRAS; OPPOSITE PAGE: JESSE KARRAS (TOP); JANEL KILEY (BOTTOM)
make the world of science accessible to all.
of “The Science of our Senses” exhibit, hosted
by AAAS Education and Human Resources,
drew excited youngsters and parents to the
two-day expo event, as did the association’s
popular “Meet the Scientists!” stage shows,
organized by the Office of Public Programs.
During the stage shows, scientists wowed
an audience with dynamic presentations.
Afterward, audience members spoke one-onone with the scientists and asked questions.
Staying with the theme of the senses, the
show featured experts researching the science
of perception, encompassing topics from how
babies make sense of sound to how robots
sense touch.
Family Science Days
drew more than 6,387
attendees to the 2012
AAAS Annual Meeting in
Vancouver, B.C.
ART GALLERY
A discussion exploring the complex problem of
worldwide waste was just one example of how
the AAAS Art Gallery used art as an entrée to
the world of science and technology in 2012.
Hosting the “Disposable Culture” exhibit,
which was inspired by a special “Working with
Waste” edition of the journal Science, the
gallery featured five artists who are reintroducing cast-off items to our world through art.
The discussion brought experts from different
fields who spoke about the innovative work
being done to address the issue of accumulating waste. Other 2012 exhibitions focused on
the historical, scientific and global impacts
of malaria, and the need to protect what lies
beneath the surface of the oceans.
The gallery is an outgrowth of the AAAS Art
of Science and Technology Program, which was
created to further public engagement with sci9
At right: Award-winning
journalist Frank Sesno,
director of the School of
Media and Public Affairs
at George Washington
University (foreground,
left) moderated “Science
is Not Enough,” an interactive science communication event featuring Hans
Rosling (right), James
Hansen and Olivia Judson.
Below: The AAAS Art Gallery’s multimedia exhibit,
“Malaria: Blood, Sweat
and Tears,” organized in
cooperation with the international nonprofit Malaria
Consortium, featured the
work of photojournalist
Adam Nadel.
COMMUNICATING SCIENCE WORKSHOPS
Being able to effectively communicate science to the public, policymakers and reporters is a critical skill for scientists and engineers. AAAS organized an array of workshops
and talks in 2012 for scientists at the AAAS
Annual Meeting, the annual meeting of the
American Society of Plant Biologists, the
Geological Society of America Annual Meeting, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Virginia Commonwealth University,
among others. The workshops reached more
than 420 scientists.
10
The tips and tools provided by AAAS
workshops seek to foster information-sharing
and respect between the scientific community and the public, which is crucial to the
communication of critical issues such as the
environment and health. The workshops
help scientists to conduct media interviews,
participate in public forums, and otherwise
explain scientific information in a comprehensible and engaging way.
SENIOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS
Students in Mary Yeates’ high-school classes
in Montgomery County, Maryland, are being
taught to think like junior engineers. Partly,
they have AAAS volunteer Senior Scientists
and Engineers (SSE) to thank—for providing
Gerry Klebe, an aeronautical engineer who
spends quite a bit of his time collaborating
with Yeates. “We really ended up transforming
the class,” Yeates said. “I’m the CEO, and he’s
my senior consultant, and we have management meetings.”
The professional input offered by the SSE
volunteers comes at a crucial moment in science education, as updated science education standards emphasize the importance
of instruction in engineering skills as well as
hands-on learning and understanding processes over memorizing information.
EDWARD W. LEMPINEN (TOP); CARLA SCHAFFER (BOTTOM)
ence and technology by using art as a medium
for the presentation of scientific themes.
Science Diplomacy Worldwide
Over the past few years, an important focus of AAAS international
activities has been in the emerging area of science diplomacy.
Such efforts demonstrate that progress in both scientific
endeavor and international relations occurs when members
of the global scientific community engage across borders.
Even when diplomatic and political ties are strained between
nations, the association’s strategy of scientific engagement
helps scientists reach out to one another in the interests of
their common pursuits, often with the goal of improving the
lives of people around the world.
TOM WANG
SCIENCE & DIPLOMACY PUBLICATION LAUNCHED
The freely available online publication
Science & Diplomacy was developed by the
AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy to promote interaction between the communities
of scientific research and foreign policy. In its
first year, it tackled topics ranging from the
U.S. Administration’s role in preparing for a
global pandemic, to the need for international
science collaboration on issues involving
food, water and energy.
The 2012 issues of the publication showcased many high-level expert authors, who
described international projects that have
advanced science while accruing benefits to
the countries involved. As an example, one
article looked at how U.S. science associations
and top universities are helping to shift the
U.S.-Myanmar relationship from one of tension
to socially beneficial cooperation. Two other
articles examined science outreach conducted
through AAAS and other organizations to the
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK).
A third looked at using engineering diplomacy to encourage productive relationships
between the United States and nations in the
Middle East and the Caucasus.
Referring to the need for globally oriented
science-based innovation, Jordanian Princess
Sumaya bint El Hassan, president of the Royal
Scientific Society, wrote in the September 2012
issue of Science & Diplomacy that “only scientific ingenuity, with the support of diplomatic
creativity and drive, can respond to the defining challenges of our 21st century.”
AAAS staffers Norman
Neureiter and Vaughan
Turekian met with
representatives of seven
government ministries
in Myanmar.
11
Above right: Former AAAS
President Peter Agre (center, with cane) was joined
by Mary Agre, AAAS senior
advisor Norman Neureiter
(second from left) and
distinguished members of
Iran’s scientific community during a 2012 science
diplomacy visit.
12
AAAS DELEGATION VISITS NORTH KOREA
GOODWILL TRIP TO MYANMAR
An international delegation co-organized by
AAAS made a rare, weeklong visit to the DPRK,
or North Korea, to exchange information about
environmental challenges related to agriculture and deforestation.
“Cooperating with DPRK scientists in their
reforestation projects while we learn from each
other is a worthy objective,” said botanist
and former AAAS President Peter Raven, who
made the trip with an international group of 13
researchers in forestry, river reclamation, soils
and agriculture. “Not only will it help in starting to come together for our common benefit,
but it can be worthwhile both scientifically
and, we hope, in relieving human suffering
during the years to come.”
The visit was jointly organized by AAAS
and the Beijing-based Environmental Education Media Project. It was hosted by a DPRK
non-governmental organization that sets up
international exchanges and cooperation.
The visit “exposes scientists from the DPRK
to the kinds of research activity going on in
other parts of the world, where they generally
don’t have any contacts,” said Norman P. Neureiter, senior advisor to the AAAS Center for
Science Diplomacy, who was making his third
recent visit to the country. “And our people
learn something about their country.”
As Myanmar, also known as Burma,
transitioned toward democracy, AAAS continued its science diplomacy efforts with the
Southeast Asian country. Following up on the
visit of a AAAS-led delegation in 2010, Chief
International Officer Vaughan Turekian, director of the AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy,
and Neureiter, the Center’s senior advisor,
led another visit including U.S. university
researchers and other U.S. scientific society
representatives to the rapidly transforming
country in 2012, meeting with representatives
of seven government ministries, including the
nation’s health minister. Specific collaborations were identified in the areas of forest
research and laboratory capacity-building in
the biological sciences.
REACHING OUT TO CUBAN RESEARCHERS
AAAS continued to explore the enormous
potential of U.S.-Cuba collaboration in scientific areas ranging from malaria research, to
environmental issues, to weather. Work on
establishing such collaboration followed on
AAAS visits to the island nation that began
in 2009 and—at least partly because of the
many shared concerns of the United States
and its nearby neighbor—grew substantially,
involving 18 independent scientists in a AAAS-
LEFT AND MIDDLE: TOM WANG; RIGHT: ABOLHASSAN VAFAI
Above left and middle:
AAAS science diplomats
discussed potential areas
of research collaboration
and learned about Myanmar’s current scientific
capacity.
organized visit that took place at the end
of 2011.
“Given the proximity of Cuba, when you’re
talking about atmospheric or marine science,
if it travels to Cuba, it travels to the Southeast
coast of the United States. If it spawns off
the coast of Cuba, it is caught or affected by
currents that go into the United States,” said
AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy Director
Turekian.
In March 2012, Peter Agre, former AAAS
president and a Nobel laureate in chemistry,
traveled to Cuba to speak at Biotechnology
Havana 2012, an international event that
focused on medical applications of biotech.
“The recent visits showed that the Cuban
mindset is really ready to reach out,” said
Agre. “The Cubans are understandably proud
of their science, and they see us very positively. I would anticipate if we could normalize
relations and do science as a starting point,
then really good things could happen.”
ENGAGING IRAN
A small AAAS delegation made a weeklong
visit to Iran, speaking at elite universities and
meeting government and science policy officials, scholars and students
Despite tensions surrounding Iran’s nuclear
programs and Western economic sanctions on
the country, the visit demonstrated the
opportunity for scientists from the United
States and Iran to establish a dialogue.
Calling the exchange a “milestone,” Abolhassan Vafai, a professor at Sharif University of
Technology, said the meetings “created a very
conducive and fruitful atmosphere for establishing scientific dialogue between the two
nations.” The delegation was also invited to
meet briefly with Iranian President Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad.
Iran’s sophisticated science sector focuses
on medical and stem cell research, petroleum
engineering, space exploration and nanotechnology. Many Iranian scientists have been
educated in the United States or Europe. The
U.S. National Academy of Sciences fosters
cooperation with the Iranian Academy, with
seminars and workshops held in Iran, the
United States and other countries.
After the delegation returned, Center for
Science Diplomacy senior advisor Neureiter
spoke about the trip and its value as a diplomatic effort on The Kojo Nnamdi Show on
WAMU-FM in Washington, D.C.
13
Science, Policy and Society
The AAAS Center of Science, Policy and Society Programs (CSPSP)
engages with the world of science policy through a successful
program for science and technology fellows in government and
an annual high-level science policy forum known for its astute
analysis and information. The center also provides scientific
expertise to support human rights and to uphold the quality of
scientific endeavors. CSPSP further addresses the implications
of science and engineering in public policy, the law and religion.
S&T POLICY FELLOWSHIPS APPROACH THE BIG 4-0
As it neared its 40th anniversary, the AAAS Science & Technology Policy Fellowships program
continued its dual mission of bringing scientific
expertise to the world of government policy and
political savvy to the science professions. Begun in 1973 with just seven science fellows, the
program in 2012 welcomed 279 fellows (shown
below), who will serve one or two years in congressional and executive branch positions.
As the newest fellows began their program,
14
Senator Jeff Bingaman (D-New Mexico) called
on them to help protect America’s contribution
to science and engineering research in an era
in which he said bipartisan support for it is
dwindling, and as some members of Congress
believe that any new investment in research
needs to be paid for by cutting research elsewhere in the budget.
“You’ll be well-positioned to facilitate bipartisan discussions that we need to be having on
a daily basis about how we can continue to ad-
BRAINS: ANN MCKEE; PHOTO OF MCKEE: BOB ROEHR; RCP
Several units of AAAS, in collaboration with The Dana Foundation, organized a series of events
for Congressional, public and legal audiences on the implications of advances in neuroscience.
The series encompassed poverty’s impacts on the brain, for instance, and what science has
told us so far about Alzheimer’s disease, early-onset dementia, brain injuries and mental illness.
At one briefing, Martha Farah of the University of Pennsylvania (right, bottom) said children
growing up in impoverished conditions with limited cognitive stimulation and high levels of
stress may be “more likely to grow up with compromised physical and mental health and lowered
academic achievement.” At another event, speakers including Ann McKee of the Boston University School of Medicine (right, middle) explained why high-school athletes risk chronic traumatic
encephalopathy, a neurodegeneration that can result from multiple mild concussions. U.S.
Representative Chaka Fattah (D-Pennsylvania), a champion for neuroscience (right, top), also
took part in the briefing.
vance science and engineering innovation in the
national interest,” Bingaman told the fellows.
Fellows work on such pressing issues
as federal policy for adaptation to climate
change. More than 50 percent of them continue in government after their fellowships end,
and over the years, many have ended up in
high-impact positions in the White House, Congress, the State Department, federal agencies,
research universities and non-governmental
organizations.
“One of the exciting things about the
program,” said Fellowships Director Cynthia
Robinson,” is that [the fellows] have taken the
experience they’ve had in Washington, D.C.
… to engage in the work that they’ve done
throughout the rest of their careers.”
peer review of research grant proposals and
evaluation of ongoing programs. Identifying,
recruiting and managing the experts needed to
assist clients in their science and technology
projects remains a main focus for AAAS.
Among RCP’s many 2012 projects was an
independent review of Phase I of the Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF) Marine
Microbiology Initiative, a ten-year, $145 million effort to answer fundamental questions
about the diversity of marine microorganisms
Members of the AAAS
External Advisory Committee and AAAS staff for
the Marine Microbiology
Initiative of the Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation include (left to right):
Robert Gagosian, Claire
Fraser-Liggett, Edward
Derrick, Rieko Yajima, Gary
Borisy, Margaret Leinen
and Paul Snelgrove.
RESEARCH COMPETITIVENESS PROGRAM
The AAAS Research Competitiveness Program
(RCP) provides expertise to organizations
engaged in science and technology research.
In 2012, RCP undertook 34 projects throughout
the United States and the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia, assisting universities, state-based
research collaborations, foundations and state
and federal agencies with such processes as
15
reiterated President Barack Obama’s commitment to scientific innovation as a driver of economic productivity, asserting that especially in
a time of economic struggle, it is crucial to invest in areas such as advanced manufacturing,
“big data” computing and science education.
In another presentation, U.S. Representative
Lamar Smith (R-Texas) promised Congressional
support for R&D but warned that the scientific
community must “be prepared to negotiate
and compromise.”
More than 400 government and business
leaders, researchers, educators and journalists
attended the 2012 Forum.
Above: The pervasive
use of artificial lighting
has been linked to health
problems, while also
hindering astronomers
as they seek to study the
stars, speakers said at a
2012 screening of the film,
The City Dark: A Search
for Night on a Planet that
Never Sleeps. The event
was co-sponsored by the
AAAS Dialogue on Science,
Ethics and Religion and
the American Astronomical
Society.
Below: Physicist S. James
Gates, Jr. of the University
of Maryland-College Park,
addressed the 2012 AAAS
Forum on Science and
Technology Policy.
16
and their role in ocean health. The review involved approximately 20 external consultants,
multiple stakeholder meetings, data collection and quantitative and qualitative methodologies. Findings and recommendations were
delivered to the GBMF Board in October 2012.
FORUM ON S&T POLICY
At the 2012 AAAS Forum on Science and Technology Policy, an annual event designed to offer
the latest in-depth analysis and information on
science policy, science and government leaders
presented topics ranging from new insights on
voter psychology, to training science and technology students to be innovators, to strategies
for keeping the U.S. scientific enterprise vital in
a time of critically threatened budgets.
Speaker John P. Holdren, the White House
science and technology advisor and director
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy,
In 2012, high-resolution satellite images, analyzed by AAAS, offered new insights into the
Syrian conflict, revealing apparent evidence of
heavily armored vehicles and damage to buildings in civilian neighborhoods. The images
“largely corroborate on-the-ground reports
of heavy-artillery assaults by the Syrian army
moving through neighborhoods,” said Susan
Wolfinbarger, director of the Geospatial and
Human Rights Project at AAAS, a program
funded by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Oak Foundation and the
Open Society Institute.
Satellite images taken of Western Ethiopia
confirmed that farmers there had been removed from their land and relocated, possibly
to make way for large-scale industrial farms.
“Using satellite imagery, we came up with the
same result as people on the ground,” said
Wolfinbarger, referring to a report prepared by
Human Rights Watch.
Also in 2012, the AAAS Science and Human
Rights Coalition held a meeting focused on
climate and environmental issues, highlighting
that preventing, mitigating and adapting to
the challenges of climate change will require
important input from indigenous peoples.
Rebecca Tsosie, director of the Indian Legal
Program at Arizona State University, spoke of
the “scientific and ethical component to indigenous knowledge—it tells native people what
is the right thing to do. It tells us what effective
management is and what the consequences
are of destructive or harmful management.
That aspect of sacred knowledge cannot be
left out of the discussion.”
AAAS/KAT ZAMBON
SCIENCE IN SUPPORT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
AAAS MemberCentral
MemberCentral reached out to the AAAS member community
and the public with a revamped Web site offering interesting and
inspiring podcasts, live chats and webinars on science-related
topics. MemberCentral also held a member event in London that
was the first of an international series. To visit MemberCentral,
go to membercentral.aaas.org.
REDESIGN: MemberCentral
The MemberCentral Web site got a new look
and feel in 2012, with a redesign that made the
site easier to use and more accessible to the
public. The redesigned site upholds the AAAS
mission of engaging the public around scientific issues by highlighting the work that AAAS
members do in the laboratory, in the field and
in the classroom and community.
New blogs and long-form articles appeared
on the site in 2012, and the Cutting Edge video
series featuring AAAS members giving short
lectures grew to include the topics of biofuels
and energy from waves, wind and the sun. The
site also hosted live chats with the AAAS R&D
Policy Analysis group and the AAAS Science
& Technology Policy Fellows. The site’s new
series of webinars included “Hollywood and
Science: Bringing accurate science to TV and
film” and “Education Renovation: Overhauling
undergraduate STEM programs.”
Traffic to the redesigned Web site
increased by more than 50 percent over the
previous year.
climate change. The event, which included
a member reception, is providing the model
for a series of similar events to be produced
globally in 2013.
Turn to page 30 for information on Science
Careers, the association’s comprehensive
online site for science job seekers and
employers. See www.sciencecareers.org.
AAAS MEMBER EVENT IN LONDON
AAAS members at a special event at the Royal
Society in London enjoyed a lecture by Nobel
laureate Elinor Ostrom in one of her final
public appearances before she died in June
2012. Ostrom, who won her Nobel Prize for
groundbreaking research demonstrating that
ordinary people can create rules and institutions to allow sustainable and equitable management of shared resources, spoke about
17
U.S. Government Relations
AAAS reaches out to policymakers to reinforce the awareness
that science and technology can drive our economy and improve
our quality of life. By making objective scientific expertise available to the federal government, the AAAS Office of Government
Relations helps to support evidence-based policy decisions and
keep citizens informed about where their elected officials stand
on pressing issues related to science and technology.
GOLDEN GOOSE AWARDS PROMOTE
BASIC SCIENCE
AAAS helped launch an award program designed to celebrate the enormous human and
economic benefits attributable to basic scientific research. The Golden Goose Awards—a
collaboration with U.S. lawmakers from both
parties and science, business and education
leaders—honor federally funded researchers,
especially those whose work may have initially
sounded odd but resulted in extremely valuable discoveries to benefit society. The
awards are a kind of retort to lawmakers
such as the late Senator William Proxmire (D-Wisconsin), who mocked certain
research projects as wasteful spending.
AAAS and the coalition supporting the
awards announced the winners in September
2012, publicizing scientists’ accomplishments and struggles in a Washington Post
op-ed that also appeared in other media
outlets. The winners included Charles H.
Townes, who was reportedly warned not
to waste resources on the research he
undertook to help develop laser technology; Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie
and Roger Y. Tsien, whose research on jellyfish
nervous systems unexpectedly led to advances
in cancer diagnosis and treatment,
progress with brain diseases, and
improved detection of poisons in
drinking water; and Eugene White,
Rodney White, Della Roy and the late
Jon Weber, who developed materials
18
used in bone grafts and prosthetic eyes based
on coral’s microstructure.
SPEAKING UP FOR U.S. R&D
Pointing to such transformational research as
the Human Genome Project, the AAAS Office
of Government Relations worked throughout
2012 to build awareness of the importance of
federally funded scientific research and the
crippling effects on innovation and economic
growth of a budget sequestration that would
make automatic cuts to such programs.
Government Relations staff organized
Capitol Hill briefings—drawing on analyses
of the AAAS R&D Budget and Policy Program
and compelling evidence from other AAAS
units—to underscore the enormous economic
and human benefits that federal investment in
research can yield, such as the Google search
engine and GPS technology. The briefings
pointed out how cuts to the federal research
budget, threatened to be the largest in about
40 years, could hobble future prosperity.
Expert panelists at one of the briefings said
that many new technologies are rooted in disparate fields and are often being developed by
universities and smaller start-up companies,
rather than large corporations. Both trends,
the panelists said, suggest an increasingly
important role for federally funded research
and development because federal programs
already support significant cross-disciplinary
work at public laboratories and universities.
AAAS also hosted its annual Hill briefing
presenting its analysis of the presidential
budget request for research and development.
“Now more than ever,” said U.S. Representative Judy Biggert (R-Illinois), who spoke at the
event, “the advocacy message for strong basic
research investments must be heard loud and
clear across the Capitol campus if we want to
remain a global leader in innovation.”
AAAS also offered a Web site with a huge
range of resources pertaining to the threatened sequestration and participated in an
online campaign to get AAAS members and
others in the scientific community to speak out
about how sequestration cuts could harm their
research.
“We want to ensure that the scientific community is heard on this critical issue,” said
Joanne Carney, AAAS Office of Government
Relations director.
COMMUNICATING ABOUT CLIMATE, ENERGY,
FOOD AND WATER
The second annual Climate Science Day, held
in February 2012, brought about 30 scientists
to Washington, D.C., to build relationships
with members of Congress and provide them
with access to the best possible climate science information.
“Part of being a good scientist is helping
policymakers do their job well by being an objective resource and providing scientific information that they then use in policy decisions,”
said Carney, of the AAAS Office of Government
Relations, which co-sponsors the effort along
with a dozen other scientific professional societies and research organizations.
The scientists, who were coached in a training session, didn’t press for particular policies
or funding with the lawmakers, but worked to
build bridges. “We were not there to debate
whether global warming was occurring,” said
Steven Cavallo, an atmospheric scientist at
the University of Oklahoma, who met with
the all-Republican and strongly conservative
Oklahoma congressional delegation. “We were
just there to open up the discussion, establish
a relationship with them.”
Climate was also a key theme during the
Global Challenges fall lecture series, coorganized by AAAS. Featured topics in the
Biometeorologist Hongyan
Luo of the National Ecological Observatory Network
in Boulder, Colorado, met
with U.S. Senator Michael
Bennet (D-Colorado) as
part of Climate Science
Day, an effort to provide
policymakers with highquality climate science
information.
series included the energy-water-food nexus
and the effect of climate change on the Arctic.
During the Arctic panel, speakers noted that
accelerating climate change reduces the Arctic
region’s summer ice and uncovers natural resources. At the same time, indigenous populations are threatened and carbon held in Arctic
soils is released, compounding the effects of
global greenhouse gas emissions. Worldwide
climate patterns may be slowed such that
extreme conditions related to droughts and
floods may last longer.
SCIENCE AND THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
Policymakers’ positions on science- and technology-related issues have become increasingly important in an era of budget-cutting as U.S.
science education struggles, climate change
and energy needs present enormous challenges, medical research is on the threshold
of transformative discoveries, and the national
economy requires innovative technologies to
spur growth. How science and technology are
viewed at the highest levels could determine
the shape of our futures.
AAAS developed a Web site to continuously track the 2012 presidential candidates’
positions on science and technology issues.
The association also joined other leading
U.S. science and engineering organizations in
preparing a list of science questions that were
answered by the candidates.
19
Science, Technology and
Security Policy
A key role of the AAAS Center for Science, Technology and
Security Policy (CSTSP) is bringing science and technology
expertise to the analysis of global security issues. The center’s
activities include public reports and policy recommendations
as well as active programs affecting a variety of communities,
both domestic and international. Recent activities have been in
the areas of international bioengagement, science and security
dialogues with domestic and international institutions, and
studies and public events on nuclear nonproliferation and
space security issues.
Participants at the AAAS
workshop in Dubai (at
right) discussed ways
to promote broader
cooperation between
scientists working in the
Middle East, North Africa,
Afghanistan and Pakistan.
20
BIOSECURITY IN THE BMENA REGION
In 2012, the Center for Science, Technology
and Security Policy (CSTSP) organized the
last of a series of four workshops focused on
safety and security in bioscience research in
countries from the broader Middle East and
North Africa (BMENA). Thirteen countries from
the region participated in the 2012 workshop,
which took place in Dubai, in the United Arab
Emirates. The series was funded by the U.S.
Department of State, with part of the grant
money going toward bilateral cooperation efforts between the United States and participating BMENA countries.
The State Department grants catalyzed new
scientific collaborations between scientists
from BMENA countries and the United States
on such projects as nanobiotechnology, wildlife
conservation and infectious disease surveillance and genomic technology. Several of these
collaborative projects have secured further
support to expand. The meetings, which were
intended to encourage broader cooperation
between American scientists and researchers
working in the BMENA region, brought out ongoing challenges being experienced by young
researchers there, including a lack of mentorship, scant opportunities to work with regional
colleagues, and in some cases, funding and
equipment shortages.
AAAS, FBI COLLABORATE ON BIOSECURITY
AAAS co-organized meetings in 2012 with the
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Association of American Universities, and the Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities
to bring together researchers, policymakers
and security experts to address the challenges
faced in supporting biological research while
minimizing security risks.
The first meeting established a dialogue
between universities and the FBI, providing
opportunities for academic scientists and
research administrators to work with the security community to develop recommendations
to handle such risks as misuse of biological
research, theft of biological agents and accidental exposure.
The second meeting, which used the H5N1
avian influenza research published by Science
as a case study (see page 24), allowed the
scientific and security communities to explore
the best ways to oversee and communicate
“dual-use” research, which has beneficial
scientific value but may pose a public threat.
The information shared at the meeting is being
used to inform national-level policy discussions and proposed regulations regarding
institutional oversight of dual-use life sciences
research.
OPPOSITE: OLIVER JACKSON PHOTOGRAPHY;
THIS PAGE: PHOTO COURTESY OF IIASA
SUPPORTING NUCLEAR ARMS CONTROL
Fears of terrorism, nuclear programs in Iran
and North Korea, and lingering tensions between the United States and Russia continue
to make arms control a global priority, said
experts at a workshop on the topic that was
co-organized by AAAS.
Scientists and engineers play a principal
role in lessening the threat of nuclear arms
and helping to detect nuclear weapons tests
by developing and employing highly sensitive
advanced technologies. In addition, as during
the height of the Cold War during the 1980s,
international collaboration among scientists can
build trust that supports arms control efforts.
“In terms of U.S. diplomacy, some of the
greatest assets we have are not only in our
government agencies, but in our foundations,
science associations and other areas,” E. William Colglazier, science and technology advisor
to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, told the
meeting at the Georgia Institute of Technology.
“We’re going to have to use all of our assets if
we’re going to create a more peaceful world.”
PUBLIC, PRESS AND POLICY EVENTS
A number of events organized by CSTSP
helped to examine and present scientific and
technological expertise to policymakers and
the public on topics related to nuclear energy
and nuclear nonproliferation.
One expert panel took place before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee
and focused on the technical, environmental,
safety, security, economic and proliferation
issues surrounding the use of small, modular
nuclear reactors. Another panel discussion for
U.S. House of Representatives staff tackled
the current state of Laser Isotope Separation
technology, particularly exploring the proliferation risks associated with a technology that
makes it easier to enrich uranium while avoiding safeguards.
In September 2012, CSTSP organized a Capitol Hill briefing at which nuclear test monitoring
Norman Neureiter (right),
director of the AAAS Center for Science, Technology
and Security Policy and
senior advisor to the association’s Center for Science
Diplomacy, received the
prestigious Austrian Cross
of Honour for Science and
Art 1st Class, bestowed
by Karlheinz Toechterle,
Austria’s federal minister
of science. The award
recognized Neureiter’s
contributions to the success of an international organization that addresses
global challenges—the
International Institute for
Applied Systems Analysis
(IIASA).
21
Above: Participants at
a series of AAAS-cosponsored workshops in
Jordan, Kuwait, Tunisia
and Dubai discussed the
region’s scientific capacity,
which will soon include
the Synchrotron-light for
Experimental Science and
Applications in the Middle
East (SESAME). Now under construction in Jordan,
the particle accelerator
promises to foster multidisciplinary research and
build relationships across
borders.
experts said that the last decade has seen big
improvements in the ability to detect clandestine nuclear explosions. “Technical capabilities have improved significantly in the past
decade,” said physicist Richard Garwin, an
IBM Fellow Emeritus and member of a National
Research Council study panel that produced a
March 2012 report reviewing technical issues
related to the Comprehensive Nuclear-TestBan Treaty (CTBT). That report concluded there
is now 90 percent confidence that the current
International Monitoring System could detect
an underground nuclear explosion well below
1 kiloton in most regions. The nuclear weapons
that were used against Japan in World War II
had yields of between 10 and 20 kilotons.
The briefing and a workshop that followed
helped to inform the ongoing discussion in the
Senate and the Administration of President
Barack Obama surrounding nuclear test monitoring and verification and the CTBT.
AAAS also co-hosted a workshop on nuclear
weapon safety, security and “use control”
issues in 2012.
SESAME
Below: A range of science
and security resources,
including this 2012 report,
can be found online at
www.aaas.org/cstsp/
publications/.
22
The Science Family of Journals
Breakthrough evidence of a mysterious sub-atomic particle
known as the Higgs boson, new insights to help protect the
public from an avian influenza outbreak, and clues to understanding drug-resistant malaria were among the research findings reported in Science, Science Translational Medicine and
Science Signaling in 2012. Science headlines encompassed
research advances across the biological, physical and social
sciences, plus penetrating news and analysis meant to expand
our knowledge of devastating diseases, emerging technologies
and more. See www.sciencemag.org.
Chimp Viruses Could Support Hepatitis C Vaccine
Two Science Translational Medicine studies
hinted that vaccines developed with chimp
vectors can trigger immune protection against
hepatitis C, a virus that affects the liver and is
estimated to infect 170 million people globally. There are currently no vaccines to protect
against the infection. (Barnes et al., and
Colloca et al., 4 January, Science Translational
Medicine)
Pesticide Impacts on Bumblebee Colonies
A pair of studies revealed the multiple ways
that a widely used insecticide harms bumble-
bees and honeybees, which have been rapidly
declining in recent years, in part due to a phenomenon known as Colony Collapse Disorder.
Both studies looked at the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides, which are among the
most widely used crop pesticides in the world.
(Henry et al., and Whitehorn et al., 29 March)
Drug-Resistant Malaria in Southeast Asia
Researchers have identified a particular region
on a chromosome in Plasmodium falciparum—
a major malaria parasite—that helps to explain
how such parasites in Southeast Asia are
developing resistance to the current genera-
23
tion of artemisinin-based drugs. (Cheeseman
et al., 6 April)
et al., 22 June, special issue, and 19 January
and 2 February, ScienceExpress)
Traces of Majorana Fermions in Nanowires
Denisovans: Neandertal Relative’s Genome
Sequenced
Majorana fermions, elusive particles
that act as their own antiparticles, were
spotted inside the nanowires of an exotic
superconductor device. These unique
particles had never previously been
sighted and may have potential
for quantum computing platforms.
(Mourik et al., 12 April, ScienceExpress)
Researchers described the complete sequence
of the Denisovan genome, shedding light
on the relationships between these archaic
humans, who were closely related to Neandertals, and modern humans. (Pääbo et al., 30
August ScienceExpress)
ENCODE Project: Eulogy for “Junk DNA”
Preparing to Combat H5N1
Five changes to a strain of the
H5N1 avian influenza virus were
found to make the virus transmissible between ferrets
via respiratory droplets. The
findings underscored the
risk that a similarly
transmissible virus
might evolve naturally
and cause a human
pandemic. The work
should also assist efforts
to develop global influenza bio-surveillance
as well as drugs and
vaccines to protect
against this threat. The
findings were published
six months after researchers
voluntarily agreed to halt H5N1
research amid international discussions on guidelines for conducting such work responsibly.
Science made the research freely
available: www.sciencemag.org/
hottopics/biosecurity/. (Fouchier
24
A decade-long project, the Encyclopedia of
DNA elements, or ENCODE, found that 80 percent of the human genome serves some biochemical purpose, debunking the notion that
human DNA is loaded with useless bases. One
study in Science found that many noncoding,
disease-associated variants are located near
regulatory DNA—an insight that might help
unlock the genetic basis of complex human
diseases. Another paper reported that a wide
swath of the human genome is under evolutionary “constraint” and likely key to humanspecific aspects of our biology. (Maurano et
al., and Ward and Kellis, 7 September)
The Secrets to Sterile Rice
A system of three genes seems to be responsible for hybrid sterility in rice, or the inability of
many hybrid rice species to pass their genes
on to the next generation. These findings
suggest one way that hybrid sterility is maintained across rice species, and might suggest
ways to improve this food stock. (Yang et al.,
14 September)
Polar Ice Sheets Losing Mass
All the major regions of the polar ice sheets
except one have been losing mass since 1992,
according to a study that pulled together
several independent measurement methods.
The research overcame some limitations associated with satellite surveys. (Shepherd et
al., 30 November)
Early Results: GRAIL Mission to the Moon
Three studies based on the Gravity Recovery
and Interior Laboratory mission offered a detailed lunar picture, encompassing the Moon’s
gravity field, and the density and characteristics of its crust, which appears to be cut by
widespread sheets of cooled magma. (Zuber
et al., 5 December, ScienceExpress)
OTHER SCIENCE HIGHLIGHTS
Powerful Special Issues: Science published
13 substantive special issues on a range
of topics, from “Working with Waste” and
“Computational Biology,” to “Disease Prevention” and “Black Holes.” On 5 October, for
example, a special issue on “Depression”
investigated the relationship between neural
deficits and major depressive disorder, and
why some people may be more resilient to
stress and trauma than others. For a special
13 July edition, award-winning Science news
correspondent Jon Cohen, working with
photographers Malcolm Linton and Darrow
Montgomery, visited 10 U.S. cities, which are
home to an estimated 1.2 million HIV-infected
people, to describe the current state of “HIV/
AIDS in America.”
Breakthrough of the Year: The Higgs Boson
The observation of an elusive sub-atomic
particle known as the Higgs boson was
heralded by Science as the most important
scientific discovery of 2012. Researchers
working with an atom-smasher at a particle
physics laboratory near Geneva, Switzerland,
known as CERN, on 4 July unveiled evidence
of the Higgs boson, which holds the key to
explaining how other elementary particles get
their mass. A series of Science review articles
helped to explain the technology used to
observe this mysterious particle. Details were
made freely available with registration: www.
sciencemag.org/special/btoy2012. (Negra et
al., The CMS Collaboration Team at CERN, and
The ATLAS Collaboration at CERN, 21 December, Science)
Also in 2012, Science continued to make
its high-quality news, analysis and research
accessible across many technology platforms
by offering “apps” for the iPhone as well as
iTouch, iPad and Android devices.
From left to right:
Resistance to treatment
with artemisinin-based
drugs is currently emerging in malaria parasites
in western Thailand. This
photograph shows a camp
for displaced persons.
Plasmodium falciparuminfected human red blood
cells.
The midnight sun casts a
golden glow on an iceberg
and its reflection in Disko
Bay, Greenland. Much of
Greenland’s annual mass
loss occurs through calving of icebergs such as
this, research suggests.
Neonicotinoid insecticides
can harm bees such as this
buff-tailed bumblebee,
scientists say.
Honors we brought in:
News reports by Science journalists Jennifer
Couzin-Frankel and Gretchen Vogel were included in the 2012 edition of the Best American Science Writing. Couzin-Frankel’s piece on
“Aging Genes” examined the debate over the
role of a class of proteins called sirtuins in cellular aging. Gretchen Vogel’s piece, “Mending
the Youngest Hearts,” described progress with
tissue-engineered blood vessels used to repair malformed hearts in very young children.
Science contributing correspondent Jon
Cohen was named winner of the 2012 Victor
Cohn Prize for Excellence in Medical Science
Reporting. The award recognized his exemplary coverage of a broad range of biomedical
topics, most notably his distinguished and
persistent chronicling of the global HIV/AIDS
epidemic.
Yet another award was handed out to Cohen
and Science journalist Martin Enserink, who
25
Science published 13
special issues in 2012
on topics ranging from
disease prevention to
computational biology.
received the American Society for Microbiology’s 2012 Public Communications Award for
their article, “False Positive.” Their in-depth
piece looked at a controversial study that
linked a mouse retrovirus, XMRV, to chronic
fatigue syndrome. The original research was
partially retracted, and later, researchers at
nine different laboratories reported that they
were unable to reproducibly detect XMRV or
relatives of the virus in blood samples.
Science news correspondent Ann Gibbons
won the 2012 Anthropology in Media Award
from the American Anthropological Association for a decade’s worth of stories on human
origins and evolution. Susan Gillespie, the
chairperson of the Awards Committee,
lauded Gibbons’ “lucid accounts of advances
in evolutionary anthropology.”
Honors we gave out:
Science’s Inquiry-Based Instruction (IBI) Prize
was developed to showcase outstanding
materials for teaching introductory college
science courses in a way that sparks students’ natural curiosity about the world. In
2012, for instance, IBI Prize-winning essays
published monthly in Science described a
device developed by Rice University freshmen that could help doctors in Malawi to save
the lives of gravely ill infants. Called Appropriate Design for Global Health, the device
was designed to automatically shut off the
26
delivery of intravenous fluids being delivered
to dehydrated infants, thus preventing overhydration. “Improving science education is an
important goal for all of us at Science,” then
Editor-in-Chief Bruce Alberts said. “We hope
to help those innovators who have developed
outstanding laboratory modules promoting
student inquiry to reach a wider audience.”
The 2012 Grand Prize winner of the international competition for The Eppendorf &
Science Prize for Neuorobiology was Marlene
Cohen of the University of Pittsburgh, who
was recognized for her outstanding research
contributions into the neural basis of internal mental states. Established in 2002, the
$25,000 Eppendorf & Science Prize for Neurobiology is awarded annually for the most outstanding neurobiological research by a young
scientist, 35 years of age or younger. Cohen’s
winning essay, “When Attention Wanders”
explained that when our minds wander, so too
do our perceptual abilities.
Improving Science Literacy
To prepare today’s students for a future that is increasingly
dependent on science, mathematics and technology, educators
need well-designed and effective preparation, curriculum and
assessments. Project 2061 is helping to meet that need through
its research and development efforts funded by the National
Science Foundation, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration, NASA, and the U.S. Department of Education.
Building on its own earlier accomplishments in standards-based
science education, Project 2061’s current work integrates the
teaching and learning of core science ideas, science practices
and concepts that cut across disciplines as recommended in the
National Research Council’s 2012 report, A Framework for K-12
Science Education.
U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL
BETTER BIOLOGY IN MIDDLE SCHOOL
Cutting-edge research in biology, biotechnology and biomedicine is advancing quickly,
with enormous potential for 21st-century
innovation. Biology education, however,
has mostly not kept up. New approaches are
needed that incorporate scientific practices,
offer students the opportunity to experience
and think about a variety of real-world and
relevant phenomena, and let students see
how foundational principles can be applied
across the sciences.
Now in its third year of a research grant
from the U.S. Department of Education, Project 2061 and collaborators at the Biological
Sciences Curriculum Study have been working
with teachers in Colorado, Maryland, Boston,
and Washington, D.C., to develop and try out
an innovative curriculum unit designed to
prepare middle-school students for success
in high-school biology. The unit takes a novel
approach by focusing first on core ideas about
chemical reactions and then using those
ideas to explain growth and repair in living
organisms. Students also work with a variety
of models—from LEGO® blocks to more conventional models and equations—and learn
how to use their new ideas, evidence and
reasoning to develop a scientific explanation
for what they observe. (See photo, next page.)
Schools serving K-12
students are the fastestgrowing segment of the
“green building” industry,
encompassing efforts to
adopt more energy- and
water-saving technologies. In 2012, Project 2061
began to investigate
strategies for leveraging
green schools as powerful,
real-world contexts to help
middle-school students
learn important science,
mathematics and technology ideas. The effort is being funded by the National
Science Foundation.
27
developing instruments that will be used to
measure what students and teachers understand about the concepts being targeted in
the curriculum and to monitor the quality of
the curriculum itself.
“CREATE AND TAKE” TESTS
UNDERSTANDING EVOLUTION THROUGH
MATHEMATICS
Project 2061 received a grant in 2012 from
the National Science Foundation to develop
a curriculum to help high-school students
understand core ideas about evolution and
data analysis. An understanding of evolution
is crucial to the study of biology, but research
has shown that many students have a poor
grasp of the topic and fall victim to misconceptions about natural selection and genetics.
The University of Utah’s Genetic Science
Learning Center, a collaborator on the project,
is developing prototype lessons and interactive, multimedia, computer-based simulations. By allowing the students to collect and
analyze data from certain animal populations
over several virtual years, the simulations will
help the students to visualize the organisms
and habitats, understand sampling processes,
make measurements, and see evidence of
natural selection in the data. Project 2061 is
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IMPROVING ENERGY EDUCATION
In 2012, the U.S. Department of Education
awarded a $1.6 million grant to Project 2061
to develop new assessments of how students
build their knowledge of energy concepts from
elementary school through high school. The
testing tools will also identify where students
are struggling so that teachers can target
those areas. The project was one of only 26
funded by the Education Department in 2012
through its competitive education research
grants program.
“A strong foundation of knowledge about
energy is essential,” said Cari F. Herrmann
Abell, senior research associate for Project
2061. “Whether choosing which cars we drive
or thinking about national energy policy issues, understanding basic energy concepts
can help everyone make more well-informed
decisions.”
JO ELLEN ROSEMAN
“We want students to be able to use what
they learn from studying relatively simple
chemical reactions to then explain more complex phenomena such as protein synthesis in
animals or carbohydrate synthesis in plants,”
said Project 2061 Director Jo Ellen Roseman.
After two rounds of classroom pilot testing,
she said that the unit has resulted in “significant learning gains” for all populations of
students who have used it.
Project 2061 launched a new online feature in
2012 that allows teachers to create tests targeting key ideas related to 16 science topics,
from evolution and natural selection, to the
mechanics of earthquakes. The new feature
builds on the capabilities of the AAAS Science
Assessment Web site developed by Project
2061 to provide educators with access to more
than 700 carefully developed science test
questions. It allows teachers to assess what
their students are learning and where they
may have gaps.
“Getting reliable and timely information
about what students know or don’t know
means that teachers can adjust their instruction to respond quickly to their students’
needs,” said George DeBoer, deputy director
of Project 2061.
By April 2012, a year after its initial launch,
the Project 2061 Web site had logged 12,000
registered users and nearly 70,000 visitors.
Education, Outreach and Careers
AAAS brings exciting opportunities to science students and professionals in the science and technology community. Helping
build bridges to careers in science, technology, engineering and
mathematics bolsters the STEM work force and all that it can
bring to our lives. At a time when STEM education is struggling
to produce enough graduates to keep the United States’ science
and technology sectors competitive, AAAS reaches out through a
variety of programs to make sure talent and interest in scientific
endeavors are nurtured.
COLELLADIGITAL.COM
EMERGING RESEARCHERS IN STEM
In February 2012, the President’s Council of
Advisors on Science and Technology made an
announcement: For the United States to remain
competitive in the fields of science, technology,
engineering and mathematics, the country must
increase its number of STEM graduates by 1 million over the next decade, which is a 34 percent
rise over the current number of students who
graduate in those fields.
Emphasizing that goal, the 2012 Emerging
Researchers National Conference—sponsored
by AAAS Education and Human Resources and
the National Science Foundation Division of
Human Resource Development—supported
a diverse group of STEM students and helped
them along their path to scientific careers. The
conference drew 885 attendees, including 421
undergrad student presenters, 89 grad student
presenters and 56 exhibitors.
The students shared their scientific research projects, met with peers from all over
the country, got feedback from mentors, and
attended workshops on applying to graduate school, writing abstracts, and exploring
careers beyond academia.
and prepares STEM undergraduates and professionals to become K-12 science and mathematics teachers. Having participated in the program
for five years, AAAS helped organize the scholarship program conference in May 2012. More
than 600 program participants, from some 225
colleges and universities, attended.
Just as national science testing showed stagnating scores, with just a third of eighth-graders
at or above the proficient level for their grade,
a report released by AAAS at the conference
described the innovative strategies used by
the scholarship program to attract and prepare
teachers to address STEM learning challenges.
Chantal Gonzalez of San
Diego State University
received a first place for
her poster presentation
at the 2012 Emerging
Researchers National
Conference. She was one
of 885 participants in the
event, supported by AAAS
and the National Science
Foundation.
NOYCE SCHOLARS CONFERENCE
The National Science Foundation’s Robert
Noyce Teacher Scholarship program recruits
29
to current events and news, the site—with
its daily science news content, online science
education community and improved resource
tools—won perfect scores for content and
feature functionality. “The updated site and
dynamic resources will keep students and
teachers engaged, informed and coming back,”
said Suzanne Thurston, AAAS project director.
GSK’s SCIENCE IN THE SUMMER
Below: Science NetLinks
from AAAS provides K-12
teachers, students and
families with resources
for teaching and learning
science. See http://sciencenetlinks.com/.
30
The program finds and develops the teachers
by offering them a chance to work in afterschool programs, mentoring them with the help
of local educators, and providing them with
funding for research projects of their own.
Improving STEM learning requires, among
other things, “a terrific teacher for every student,” said Shirley Malcom, director of AAAS
Education and Human Resources.
SCIENCE NETLINKS
Science NetLinks, a Web site produced by
AAAS, won three Interactive Media Awards in
2012, earning the Best in Class designation
in the education, nonprofit and science/technology categories. The site, which is part of
Thinkfinity, a partnership between the Verizon
Foundation and ten education organizations
including AAAS, offers free resources, interactive features, podcasts and hands-on activities
for K-12 teachers, students and families.
After a redesign based on user surveys that
tied the site’s science content more closely
SCIENCE CAREERS
Published by AAAS, Science Careers offers
key resources, news and information to help
advance careers in science and technology.
Science Careers Jobs offers thousands of
industry, academic and government jobs, job
e-mail alerts, and a resume/CV database. The
Careers Forum offers the opportunity to connect with and receive advice from peers and
advisors from industry and academia. See www.
sciencecareers.org.
In 2012, Science Careers Business published
Career Trends: Industry or Academia, a new
booklet featuring articles on advancing in academia, preparing for a career in pharmaceutical
research, and the benefits of biotechnology
training programs.
AAAS and Science Careers, in partnership
with the Burroughs Wellcome Fund, the Federation of American Societies for Experimental
Biology, the University of California, San Francisco, and the Medical College of Wisconsin,
launched MyIDP, a Web-based tool created to
help graduate students and postdocs in the sciences define and pursue their career goals.
CARLA SCHAFFER
Above: Children who
took part in GlaxoSmithKline’s 2012 Science in
the Summer program,
administered by AAAS
in the greater Washington, D.C., and Baltimore,
Maryland area, took part
in fun, hands-on chemistry
activities.
Children at a community center in Washington, D.C., may have been apprehensive about
having science class in July, but after just one
day of Science in the Summer, they were asking
when they would get more hands-on, inquirybased experiences.
A GlaxoSmithKline program administered by
AAAS, Science in the Summer was provided to
elementary-school students at 19 libraries and
community centers in 2012. All were located
in the Washington, D.C., and Baltimore areas.
AAAS oversees the curriculum, recruits and
trains teachers, makes site visits and provides
materials to each host site.
“The reaction from girls and boys, parents
and staff at the host sites has been very positive,” said Program Manager Betty Calinger.
AAAS Divisions
AAAS engages its members through four geographic divisions
and 24 sections reflecting a diverse range of scientific disciplines. In 2012, the four AAAS Divisions organized events on topics such as threats to health and way of life in the Arctic, lessons
in sustainable design applied to science, research in criminal
COURTESY ABEL BAERGA-ORTIZ
psychology and the struggling ecosystems of prairies.
ARCTIC DIVISION: CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH
CARIBBEAN DIVISION: SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
The AAAS Arctic Division held its 2012 annual
meeting with the 15th triennial International
Congress on Circumpolar Health. Participants
from nine Arctic nations—including scientists,
doctors, policymakers, indigenous leaders,
educators and students—gathered to discuss
health issues such as nutrition, obesity, food
security, climate change impacts on human
health, suicide and public engagement in
research. The AAAS Arctic Division has long
been influential in health matters, but this
was the first time the division’s meeting was
held jointly with the International Congress on
Circumpolar Health.
The health of people living in the Far North
is increasingly threatened by environmental
damage and by toxic substances that ride air
currents from lands to the south, speakers
reported. Climate change is disrupting wildlife
migration patterns and the water cycle. Processed foods and urban life have caused a rise
in “civilization diseases,” and obesity, diabetes, suicide and substance abuse are surging.
The traditional lifestyle of many indigenous
people is in danger of vanishing.
There is a “growing recognition of the need
to have … diverse partnerships to study and
work on circumpolar health,” said Rhonda M.
Johnson, chair of the Department of Health
Sciences and a professor of public health
at the University of Alaska Anchorage. “An
important part of this congress is the opportunity for networking across the northern
regions.”
The AAAS Caribbean Division focused a September 2012 conference on sustainable design
and the lessons that scientists can learn from
architects and other designers.
“The principles of sustainability in the
design of buildings, structures, molecules and
even new life forms will require an ongoing
conversation between designers, scientists
and engineers,” said Caribbean Division President Abel Baerga-Ortiz. “With this dialogue in
mind, we will seek to explore the application
of concepts borrowed from sustainable design
in science and engineering.”
Puerto Rican architect Fernando Abruña,
Puerto Rican architect and
environmental advocate
Fernando Abruña, a
professor at the University
of Puerto Rico, delivered
a keynote address on
science and sustainable
design during the AAAS
Caribbean Division’s 2012
annual meeting.
31
Above right: Laurence C.
Smith of the University
of California-Los Angeles
discussed the forces
shaping Earth’s northern
latitudes when the AAAS
SWARM Division convened
in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
sometimes called the father of green architecture in Puerto Rico, gave the keynote address.
Because of the conservation, recycling and energy efficiency made possible by his designs,
the Environmental Protection Agency named
him in 2012 to its National Advisory Council for
Environmental Policy and Technology.
At least one panel discussion at the conference took another approach to the topic, with
scientists from the fields of zoology, ecology,
chemistry and nanotechnology discussing how
their research is influenced by concepts of
shape, symmetry and aesthetics.
PACIFIC DIVISION: CLIMATE, SPACE SCIENCE
AND MORE
Topics ranging from the effect of climate
change on sagebrush-steppe ecosystems to
the forensic psychology of female death-penalty cases headlined the AAAS Pacific Division’s
2012 annual meeting. Held in Boise, Idaho,
in conjunction with the Northwest Regional
Meeting of the American Chemical Society, the
event offered many opportunities for the public to have the experience of participating “in
a major science meeting,” said Pacific Division
President Robert Chianese.
Students and scholars from the Pacific
region made presentations at the meeting, and
field trips took participants to the Snake River
Birds of Prey National Conservation Area and
the Bruneau Dunes and Observatory.
32
SOUTHWEST/ROCKY MOUNTAINS:
FROM ECOLOGY TO MEDICINE
The lesser prairie chicken and the prairie
mole cricket are just two of the species whose
habitat has been destroyed by an invasion
of junipers taking over the Great Plains from
Texas to South Dakota. “Juniper invasion has
emerged as a dominant threat to some of the
most threatened ecosystems of North America,” said Oklahoma State University Professor
Samuel Fuhlendorf, who spoke at the 2012
AAAS Southwestern and Rocky Mountains
Division meeting.
Introduced to the prairie as windbreaks, the
junipers are just one example of how a natural
ecosystem that endured for millennia has been
thwarted, experts said at the meeting, which
also offered sessions on stem cell research
and new uses for magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI), as well as a symposium on increasing
regional bioscience research capacity through
outreach, cooperation and internships.
“This is an important conference regionally, and it’s important for students and young
researchers,” said David Nash, executive director of the Southwestern and Rocky Mountains
Division, “so there’s a real value in mixing
local, national and international issues.”
PHOTO COURTESY OF JOHN WEIR; LAURENCE C. SMITH
Above left: Samuel Fuhlendorf of Oklahoma State
University is shown initiating a controlled burn on a
mixed prairie landscape to
limit woody plant invasion
and promote a healthy
interaction between fire
and grazing.
Special Gifts and Projects 2012
Philanthropic support allows us to speak up on behalf of
science, engineering and society as opportunities and
challenges arise. Our members and donors contributed more
than $1 million in Flexible Action Funds—AAAS’s only source
of flexible, unrestricted funding—in 2012.
PHOTO COURTESY OF PETER ECKEL
LIFELONG AAAS MEMBER JOINS 1848 SOCIETY
Peter Eckel, a long-time supporter of AAAS
now celebrating his 25th year of membership,
chose in 2012 to identify the association as the
recipient of a charitable bequest. The gift will
establish an initiative—to be named for Mr.
Eckel, as well as his parents, Earl E. and Helen
C. Eckel—that will advance public engagement
with and understanding of science.
Though public attitudes toward science
and technology remain generally favorable,
tensions have increasingly emerged at the
intersection of science and human values,
economics and politics, encompassing issues such as global climate change, stem
cell research and evolution. Moving forward,
it will be critical to ensure that the benefits
of science are widely understood, Mr. Eckel
explained. His bequest will advance AAAS
efforts to promote a more open and comprehensive dialogue among scientists, engineers
and non-scientists.
“I feel great knowing that I will leave behind
a legacy that will be channeled through the
AAAS. It means a lot to me to be able to honor
my late parents, too,” Mr. Eckel said.
A business owner rather than a scientist
or engineer, Mr. Eckel has been a supporter
of science for decades, having served as a
volunteer at COSI-Toledo (since renamed
Imagination Station), a hands-on science
museum near his home in Maumee, Ohio.
“My contributions to science have, by necessity, been limited to the monetary and volunteer
spheres,” he said. “The creation of this endowment will allow me to make a final contribution
to science.”
Mr. Eckel and other members of the 1848
Society demonstrate strong vision and a deep
commitment to AAAS by making philanthropic
gifts through their wills or other charitable
plans. To learn about the 1848 Society, visit
www.aaas.org/aboutaaas/giving/recognition/1848/.
“I feel great knowing that I will leave behind a
legacy that will be channeled through the AAAS.
It means a lot to me to be able to honor my late
parents, too.” –PETER ECKEL
Long-time AAAS member
Peter W. Eckel
33
SOME SPECIAL FUNDS AT AAAS
By establishing special funds, donors ensure
long-term support for a wide range of initiatives to advance science and serve society.
Such funds should be established in consultation with the Development Office. For
more information, please contact us at (202)
326-6636.
The AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Awards
Endowment supports an effort, dating to 1945,
to honor excellence in science journalism.
The Charles Valentine Riley Memorial Endowment supports an annual lecture to promote a
broader and more complete understanding of
agriculture as the most basic human endeavor
and to enhance agriculture through increased
scientific knowledge.
The Early-Career Award for Public Engagement Fund supports an annual prize recognizing early-career scientists and engineers
who have demonstrated excellence in their
contributions to public engagement with science activities.
The Fund for Honesty in Scientific Research
supports efforts to promote scientific integrity.
The John P. McGovern Endowment funds an
annual lecture by a prominent behavioral
scientist.
34
The Joshua E. Neimark Memorial Travel
Assistance Endowment provides travel
awards for young investigators to attend the
AAAS Annual Meeting.
The Martin L. and Rose Wachtel Memorial
Fund underwrites an annual award that recognizes outstanding work by an early-career
investigator in the field of cancer research.
The Revelle Fund supports a Science &
Technology Policy Fellow, identified by AAAS,
in the area of domestic or international environmental issues.
The William T. Golden Endowment Fund for
Program Innovation inspires new program
ideas by funding activities not normally
supported by the AAAS general budget.
Join the Sustainers Program
The Sustainers Program was launched in 2012
to recognize donors who commit to recurring,
monthly gifts to our Flexible Action Fund,
providing AAAS with the flexibility to be
innovative and respond rapidly to critical
challenges as they arise.
Contact the Development Office for more information about joining the Sustainers Program.
Help AAAS speak up for science. Contact
the Development Office at (202) 326-6636
or jstaiano@aaas.org, or give online at www.
aaas.org/makeagift.
ATLANTIC PHOTOGRAPHY
2012 AAAS Kavli Science
Journalism Award winers
included (left to right):
Lynda Mapes, Sheraz
Sadiq, Alex Chadwick,
Bari Scott, Michelle
Nijhuis, Carl Zimmer,
Sarah Holt and Laurie
Donnelly. (See page 37
for the complete list of
winners.)
AAAS Awards and Prizes
The AAAS awards celebrate the achievements of extraordinary
scientists, engineers, educators and journalists. We congratulate
each of our distinguished winners.
Anita K. Jones
AAAS PHILIP HAUGE ABELSON
PRIZE
The Philip Hauge Abelson Prize,
established in 1985, is awarded
either to a public servant, in recognition of
sustained exceptional contributions to advancing science, or to a scientist whose career has
been distinguished both for scientific achievement and for other notable services to the
scientific community.
Anita K. Jones was selected on the basis of her
outstanding scientific-technical achievements;
her contributions as a mentor, inspiration, and
role model for other scientists and engineers;
and her lifetime of exemplary public service
to government, professional institutions, academia, and industry.
Nancy B. Jackson
AAAS AWARD FOR SCIENCE
DIPLOMACY
Established in 2012, the AAAS
Award for Science Diplomacy
recognizes an individual or a limited number of
individuals working together in the scientific
and engineering or foreign affairs communities
making an outstanding contribution to furthering science diplomacy.
Nancy B. Jackson was recognized for her
ongoing commitment to international science
cooperation to prevent the theft and diversion
of chemicals through the establishment of
the Chemical Security Engagement Program,
and for developing, nurturing, and advancing
careers of scientists worldwide, with a special
emphasis on women scientists in the Middle
East and Southeast Asia.
Kiyoshi Kurokawa
AAAS AWARD FOR SCIENTIFIC
FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY
The AAAS Award for Scientific
Freedom and Responsibility, established in 1980, honors scientists, engineers,
and their organizations whose exemplary actions, sometimes taken at significant personal
cost, have served to foster scientific freedom
and responsibility.
Kiyoshi Kurokawa was honored for his contribution to society by his remarkable stewardship of an independent investigation into the
causes of the Fukushima nuclear catastrophe.
Baratunde Cola
AAAS EARLY CAREER AWARD
FOR PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
WITH SCIENCE
The AAAS Early Career
Award for Public Engagement with Science,
established in 2010 through the generosity of
several AAAS donors, recognizes early-career
scientists and engineers who demonstrate
excellence in their contribution to public
engagement with science activities.
Baratunde Cola was honored for his commitment to an exceptional research career while
sharing his passion for science by engaging in
creative outreach with teachers and students
in underrepresented communities.
35
Richard B. Alley
Alice M. Agogino
AAAS AWARD FOR PUBLIC
ENGAGEMENT WITH SCIENCE
AAAS MENTOR AWARD FOR
LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT
The AAAS Award for Public
Engagement with Science,
formerly the Award for Public Understanding
of Science and Technology, was established
in 1987 and recognizes working scientists and
engineers who make outstanding contributions to the “popularization of science.”
Richard B. Alley was recognized for his
decades-long, broadbased and exceptionally
effective efforts communicating the best of
climate science to excite the interest of the
general public and policymakers.
Cato Thomas Laurencin
AAAS MENTOR AWARD
The AAAS Mentor Award,
established in 1996, honors
AAAS members who have
mentored significant numbers of students
from underrepresented groups or who have
changed the climate of a department, college, or institution to significantly increase the
diversity of students pursuing and completing
doctoral studies in the sciences. This award
is directed toward individuals in the early- or
mid-career stage who have mentored students
for less than 25 years.
Cato Thomas Laurencin was recognized for his
transformative impact and scientific contributions toward mentoring students in the field of
biomedical engineering.
36
The AAAS Mentor Award for
Lifetime Achievement, established in 1991, honors AAAS members who
have mentored significant numbers of students from underrepresented groups or who
have changed the climate of a department,
college, institution or field to significantly
increase the diversity of students pursuing and
completing doctoral studies in the sciences.
This award is directed toward individuals with
more than 25 years of success in mentoring
students.
Alice M. Agogino was honored for her efforts
to significantly increase the number of women
and African- and Hispanic-American doctorates
in engineering.
AAAS NEWCOMB CLEVELAND PRIZE
Supported by The Fodor Family Trust
The Association’s oldest award, the AAAS
Newcomb Cleveland Prize was established
in 1923 with funds donated by Newcomb
Cleveland of New York City. Now supported
by The Fodor Family Trust, the Prize acknowledges an outstanding paper published in the
Articles, Research Articles, or Reports sections
of Science.
Vincent Mourik, Kun Zuo, Sergey M. Frolov,
Sébastien R. Plissard, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers,
and Leo P. Kouwenhoven were recognized for
the report “Signatures of Majorana Fermions
in Hybrid Superconductor-Semiconductor
Nanowire Devices” published in Science 25
May 2012, pp. 1003-1007.
AAAS/SUBARU SB&F PRIZES FOR
EXCELLENCE IN SCIENCE BOOKS
The AAAS/Subaru SB&F Prizes for Excellence
in Science Books, established in 2005,
celebrate outstanding science writing and illustration for children and young adults.
CHILDREN’S SCIENCE
PICTURE BOOK
Ocean Sunlight: How Tiny
Plants Feed the Seas
Molly Bang and Penny Chisholm
(Blue Sky Press)
MIDDLE GRADES
SCIENCE BOOK
Temple Grandin: How the Girl
Who Loved Cows Embraced
Autism and Changed the World
Sy Montgomery
(Houghton Mifflin)
YOUNG ADULT SCIENCE BOOK
The Odyssey of KP2: An Orphan
Seal, a Marine Biologist, and
the Fight to Save a Species
Terrie M. Williams
(Penguin Press)
HANDS-ON SCIENCE BOOK
Citizen Scientists: Be a Part of
Scientific Discovery From Your
Own Backyard
Loree Griffin Burns
(Henry Holt)
AAAS KAVLI SCIENCE JOURNALISM AWARDS
These awards, endowed by Fred Kavli and
The Kavli Foundation, recognize excellence in
reporting for a general audience and honor
individual reporters for their coverage of the
sciences, engineering and mathematics.
LARGE NEWSPAPER—CIRCULATION OF 100,000
OR MORE
Carl Zimmer
The New York Times
MAGAZINE
Michelle Nijhuis
Smithsonian magazine
TELEVISION SPOT NEWS/FEATURE REPORTING
(20 MINUTES OR LESS)
Sheraz Sadiq
KQED QUEST (San Francisco)
TELEVISION IN-DEPTH REPORTING (MORE
THAN 20 MINUTES)
Sarah Holt and Laurie Donnelly
WGBH/NOVA
RADIO
Bari Scott, Alex Chadwick, Mary Beth Kirchner,
Robert Rand, Robin Wise
SoundVision Productions for American Public
Media
ONLINE
Lynda V. Mapes, Steve Ringman, Genevieve
Alvarez
The Seattle Times
CHILDREN’S SCIENCE NEWS
Kirsten Weir
Current Health Kids
37
AAAS Fellows
AAAS Fellows are elected annually by the AAAS Council for meritorious
efforts to advance science or its applications. Fellows have made
significant contributions in areas such as research, teaching,
technology, services to professional societies, and the communication of science to the public. The following members, presented by
Section affiliation, were elected Fellows in fall 2012. AAAS congratulates them
and thanks them for their services to science and technology.
AGRICULTURE, FOOD &
RENEWABLE RESOURCES
James R. Alfano
Nilsa A. Bosque-Pérez
Richard M. Bostock
Edward S. Buckler
Yves Carrière
Mary Erin Delany
Kellye A. Eversole
Mark Lawrence Failla
John James Finer
Avtar Krishan Handa
Maria J. Harrison
James W. Jones
Karen E. Koch
Weiping Liu
Cathie Martin
William B. McGill
Ravi Naidu
Kerry O’Donnell
Melvin J. Oliver
N. LeRoy Poff
Sanjaya Rajaram
Matthew Brian Thomas
Michael Karl Udvardi
Jonathan D. Walton
Guoyao Wu
Kun Yan Zhu
ANTHROPOLOGY
Arlen Frank Chase
Mark V. Flinn
Mary Anne Katzenberg
Joanna E. Lambert
Patricia Lambert
Lisa J. Lucero
Lorena Madrigal
Herbert D.G. Maschner
Elizabeth Jean Reitz
38
Katerina Semendeferi
Jan F. Simek
Peter Stuart Ungar
ASTRONOMY
Lynn R. Cominsky
Eli Dwek
Bruce G. Elmegreen
Neal J. Evans II
Neil Gehrels
Sun Kwok
Angela V. Olinto
Richard William Pogge
Nathan A. Schwadron
Keivan Guadalupe Stassun
Michiel van der Klis
G. Mark Voit
Arthur M. Wolfe
ATMOSPHERIC AND
HYDROSPHERIC
SCIENCES
Thomas Stephen Bianchi
Anny Cazenave
Harindra Joseph Shermal
Fernando
Susan Joy Hassol
Brian John Hoskins
Robert A. Houze, Jr.
Andrew John Weaver
BIOLOGICAL
SCIENCES
Soman Ninan Abraham
Anurag Agrawal
Paul G. Ahlquist
Susan C. Alberts
Stephen Alexander
Edith Bach Allen
Christopher I. Amos
Gynheung An
Norman Arnheim
Alexander V. Badyaev
Diane L. Barber
James C.A. Bardwell
Susan Schloemer Bell
Shelley L. Berger
Albert H. Beth
James D. Bever
John M. Blair
Bruce Blumberg
Susan Bonner-Weir
Bruce A. Bowerman
Susan H. Brawley
Charles Brenner
Michael R. Brent
Edmund D. Brodie III
Yves V. Brun
Thomas P. Brutnell
Breck Edward Byers
Rafael Daniel CameriniOtero
Jane M. Carlton
Nicholas C. Carpita
Daniel D. Carson
Charles Williams Carter, Jr.
Patrick J. Casey
Susan E. Celniker
Roger Chalkley
Jianzhu Chen
Zhijian ‘James’ Chen
Chi-Hing Christina Cheng
Xiaodong Cheng
Sallie Watson Chisholm
Ken W.Y. Cho
Vitaly Citovsky
Nancy Hall Colburn
Luca Comai
Roger D. Cone
Lynn Cooley
Thomas L. Daniel
Priya Davidar
Roger J. Davis
Trisha Nell Davis
Troy Day
Dennis R. Dean
Donald Harry Dean
Gregory E. Demas
Xing Wang Deng
Sharon Y.R. Dent
Robert J. Deschenes
Lakshmi A. Devi
Daryll B. DeWald
Biao Ding
Andrew Dobson
Jerry B. Dodgson
Kathleen Donohue
Lisa Alayne Donovan
Monica Driscoll
Crislyn D’Souza-Schorey
Robert Joseph Duronio
Walter Francis Eanes
Joseph R. Ecker
Bruce A. Edgar
Brian Joseph Enquist
William Fredric Fagan
Jeffrey L. Feder
Xin-Hua Feng
Bruce A. Freeman
William C. (Clay) Fuqua
David M. Gardiner
James Roy Garey
Rachelle Gaudet
Jonathan Gershenzon
Harold Lisle Gibbs
George W. Gilchrist
Lev R. Ginzburg
Patricia M. Glibert
Gary R. Graves
Beverley R. Green
Arno L. Greenleaf
Elizabeth A. Grimm
Deborah L. Gumucio
Barry Halliwell
Jeffrey Wade Harper
Reid N. Harris
Ulrike A. Heberlein
Steven Henikoff
Chien Ho
Mark W. Hochstrasser
Kay E. Holekamp
David Houle
Xin-Yun Huang
Peter J. Hudson
Michael Ibba
Mark A. Israel
Georg Jander
Alan M. Jones
Lynn Burgess Jorde
Leemor Joshua-Tor
Valerian E. Kagan
Patrick J. Keeling
Douglas Bruce Kell
Darlene R. Ketten
Aaron A. King
Daniel F. Klessig
Rob Knight
Anthony A. Kossiakoff
Elena M. Kramer
Michael Steven Krangel
Kenneth N. Kreuzer
Robert M. Krug
Julia Kubanek
Ratnesh Lal
Charles Lee
Wen-Hwa Lee
Jianming Li
Joyce E. Longcore
Gary M. Lovett
Susan T. Lovett
Sheng Luan
Hartmut Luecke
Kunxin Luo
Svetlana Lutsenko
Nancy R. Manley
Ann G. Matthysse
Earl D. McCoy
Anthony David McGuire
Hassane S. Mchaourab
Blake C. Meyers
Jeffery F. Miller
Richard A. Miller
Harry Lee Thompson
Mobley
Allen J. Moore
John V. Moran
Donald L. Mykles
Mitzi Nagarkatti
Donald Owen Natvig
Jeanne M. Nerbonne
Marcia E. Newcomer
Stuart J. Newfeld
Joseph P. Noel
Santa Jeremy Ono
Elaine A. Ostrander
Duojia (DJ) Pan
Thomas A. Peterson
George N. Phillips, Jr.
Eric M. Phizicky
Eran Pichersky
Jennifer A. Pietenpol
William Plunkett
Richard S. Pollenz
Alvaro Puga
Jun Qin
Shahin Rafii
Francesco Ramirez
D. C. Rao
Mrinalini Chatta Rao
Carlene Allen Raper
Andrew Fraser Read
Michael Aaron Resnick
Nour-Eddine Rhaleb
Markus Walter Ribbe
Laura Jeanne Robles
Mark Gregory Robson
Raymond L. Rodriguez
G. David Roodman
Locke Rowe
Rosa M. Ruiz-Vázquez
Ann Kiku Sakai
Gary S. Sayler
Thomas Friedrich Schilling
Wolfgang Schmidt
Danny J. Schnell
Jeffrey S. Schorey
Maria Schumacher
Lance C. Seefeldt
Elba E. Serrano
Yun-Bo Shi
Laurel Owen Sillerud
Jane Silverthorne
Michael Kirtland Skinner
Barry Paul Sleckman
L. Dennis Smith
Nahum Sonenberg
Stacia A. Sower
Raymond John St. Leger
John A. Stamatoyannopoulos
Rolf Sternglanz
Peter Stiling
Fengzhu Sun
Xiao-Hong Sun
Yi Sun
Joel L. Sussman
William P. Tansey
Ronald K. Taylor
Keiko U. Torii
Richard Henry Treisman
Ronald W. Trewyn
Raphael H. Valdivia
Eberhard O. Voit
Diane K. Wagener
Geoffrey O. Wasteneys
Ruth Welti
Bruce J. West
Theodore C. White
Bridget S. Wilson
George B. Witman
Christopher V.E. Wright
Robin Lynn Wright
Hao Wu
Anthony J. Wynshaw-Boris
Rui-Ming Xu
Wei Yang
Elton T. Young
Hongtao Yu
Shuqun Zhang
Yi Zhang
Keji Zhao
Ming-Ming Zhou
S. Lawrence Zipursky
CHEMISTRY
Mahdi M. Abu-Omar
Millard H. Alexander
Heather Cecile Allen
Bruce S. Ault
Zhenan Bao
Phil S. Baran
Ilan Benjamin
Eric Block
Andrew S. Borovik
R. David Britt
Stephanie L. Brock
Barbara M. Brodsky
Michael F. Brown
Allison A. Campbell
Richard M. Caprioli
Eugene Y. - X. Chen
Lin X. Chen
Sue B. Clark
Alvin L. Crumbliss
Ken Czerwinski
Huw M.L. Davies
Vincent Jo Davisson
Norman J. Dovichi
Prabir K. Dutta
Andrew D. Ellington
C. Michael Elliott
Jeffrey D. Esko
Pingyun Feng
Robert A. Flowers II
Michel R. Gagné
Feng Gai
Nicholas E. Geacintov
Franz M. Geiger
Jacquelyn Gervay-Hague
Jason E. Gestwicki
David Peter Giedroc
David S. Ginger, Jr.
Theodore Goodson III
Howard Lewis Hall
D. Michael Heinekey
Herbert Henderson Hill, Jr.
So Hirata
Ralf-Ingo Kaiser
Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
Kattesh V. Katti
Sarah L. Keller
Marisa C. Kozlowski
N. Rama Krishna
Anna I. Krylov
Krishna Kumar
Sarah Cosgrove Larsen
Charles Y-C Lee
Chao-Jun Li
Jing Li
R. Daniel Little
Jie Liu
Janis Louie
Leonard Richard
MacGillivray
Richard Kenneth Marcus
Jennifer S. Martinez
Jimmy W. Mays
Ursula Mazur
Kenneth L. Nash
Mary P. Neu
Shuming Nie
Susan V. Olesik
Dennis G. Peters
Arthur J. Ragauskas
Douglas Ray
Hanna Reisler
Tomislav Rovis
John M. Schwab
Sean Campbell Smith
Mohan Srinivasarao
Arthur G. Suits
Basil I. Swanson
Kenneth J. Takeuchi
Mark Edward Thompson
˘ Turecek
Frantisek
˘
Charles G. Wade
Jin Wang
Peng George Wang
Qian Wang
Arieh Warshel
Kevin M. Weeks
Gregory Alan Weiss
Christopher J. Welch
Carter T. White
Olaf Wiest
Evan R. Williams
Angela K. Wilson
John P. Wolfe
Stanislaus S. Wong
William Hamilton Woodruff
Jin-Quan Yu
DENTISTRY & ORAL
HEALTH SCIENCES
Pamela K. Den Besten
David H. Kohn
Jacques E. Nör
No-Hee Park
EDUCATION
A. Malcolm Campbell
Arthur J. Lidsky
Karen D. Liller
Elizabeth Ann Nalley
George D. Nelson
Dennis Lee Schatz
Ethel D. Stanley
Martin Storksdieck
Marshall D. Sundberg
Gabriela C. Weaver
Mark Allen Weiss
ENGINEERING
Ilhan A. Aksay
Paschalis Alexandridis
Luís A. Nunes Amaral
Michael D. Amiridis
Dionissios (Dennis) N.
Assanis
Kyriacos A. Athanasiou
Amit Bandyopadhyay
Kent D. Choquette
Louis C. Chow
Panagiotis D. Christofides
Alan W. Cramb
Jennifer Sinclair Curtis
John G. Ekerdt
David P. Fyhrie
Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
Andrés José García
Emmanuel E. Gdoutos
Peyman Givi
Robert Goldstein
Mark A. Handschy
Mark F. Horstemeyer
Jacob N. Israelachvili
Yogesh Jaluria
Suhada Jayasuriya
Brian A. Korgel
Thomas F. Kuech
Soundar Kumara
Chung K. (Ed) Law
Alberto Leon-Garcia
Daniel A. Lidar
Zongli Lin
Azad M. Madni
Andreas Mandelis
Samir Mitragotri
Andreas F. Molisch
H. Keith Moo-Young
Ranga Narayanan
Arye Nehorai
James C. Newman, Jr.
Ellen Ochoa
Tatsuki Ohji
Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos
Doug D. Perovic
Zhihua Qu
Rodney S. Ruoff
Maria M. Santore
Christine E. Schmidt
John M. Torkelson
Rama Venkatasubramanian
Darsh T. Wasan
Ralph E. White
David B. Williams
Rama Krishna Yedavalli
Yuntian T. Zhu
GENERAL INTEREST IN
SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING
Andy Boyles
Cornelia Dean
Peter Faletra
Mandana Sassanfar
Patricia L. Ward
Stephen Jay Warshaw
GEOLOGY &
GEOGRAPHY
Douglas West Burbank
Eugene Walter Domack
Steven George Driese
R. Lawrence Edwards
Gregory M. Erickson
Marilyn Louise Fogel
Thomas Hillman Jordan
39
Louise H. Kellogg
David L. Kohlstedt
David W. Lea
Isabel Patricia Montañez
Daniel P. Schrag
Jeffrey Peck Severinghaus
Donald I. Siegel
Howard J. Spero
Sally Walker
Thomas Robert Watters
Cathy Lynn Whitlock
Karl S. Zimmerer
LINGUISTICS &
LANGUAGE SCIENCE
HISTORY &
PHILOSOPHY OF
SCIENCE
MEDICAL SCIENCES
Michael R. Dietrich
Paul E. Griffiths
Frederick Grinnell
Margaret W. Rossiter
INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY
William S. Marras
Michael Nastasi
John M. Newsam
INFORMATION
COMPUTING &
COMMUNICATION
Miklós Ajtai
Prabir Bhattacharya
Azzedine Boukerche
Justine Cassell
Amr El Abbadi
Joan Feigenbaum
Paul F. Fischer
Lawrence O’Higgins Hall
Raj Jain
Lydia E. Kavraki
Benjamin Jack Kuipers
Michael J. Kurtz
Prasant Mohapatra
Manish Parashar
Nagarajan Ranganathan
Thomas C. Rindfleisch
Eunice E. Santos
Ali H. Sayed
Karen R. Sollins
Arun K. Somani
Aravind Srinivasan
Ashok N. Srivastava
George O. Strawn
Roberto Tamassia
Carol Tenopir
Kevin Lowell Thompson
Victor Vianu
Xindong Wu
Qiang Yang
40
Sandra Chung
MATHEMATICS
Susanne C. Brenner
Robert Calderbank
L. Pamela Cook-Ioannidis
Susan Friedlander
Carolyn Gordon
Deborah Frank Lockhart
Susan Montgomery
Edward A. Berger
Lars Berglund
Hal Edward Broxmeyer
Genhong Cheng
Linzhao Cheng
Robert James Coffey, Jr.
Marco Colombini
Alan D. D’Andrea
Eric Delpire
Sarah S. Donaldson
Ronald N. Germain
M. Eric Gershwin
Maura Lianne Gillison
Clifford Vincent Harding III
David G. Harrison
Hedvig Hricak
Holly A. Ingraham
Raghu Kalluri
Hagop M. Kantarjian
Stuart M. Levitz
A. Thomas Look
Kun Ping Lu
Ormond A. MacDougald
Richard Mayeux
Kohei Miyazono
Jan A. Nolta
John Joseph O’Shea, Jr.
David Pellman
Reed E. Pyeritz
Dan Mark Roden
Lawrence E. Samelson
Rozanne M. Sandri-Goldin
Mark S. Schlissel
Mary Sharon Stack
Lishan Su
Kenneth S.K. Tung
Jeffery Marvin Vance
Sten H. Vermund
J. Lindsay Whitton
NEUROSCIENCE
Timothy J. Bartness
Joanne Berger-Sweeney
Cesario Venturina
Borlongan
Randy Lee Buckner
Vince D. Calhoun
Hollis Tremaine Cline
Jonathan D. Cohen
Neal J. Cohen
Peter Jeffrey Conn
Pietro De Camilli
Yadin Dudai
Robert Haas Edwards
Ronald B. Emeson
Howard Joshua Federoff
Joseph Robert Fetcho
Ron D. Frostig
Alison Mary Goate
James L. Goodson
Judy Illes
Julie A. Kauer
David Kleinfeld
Hiroaki Matsunami
David A. McCormick
Cynthia F. Moss
Elisabeth Adams Murray
Phillip G. Popovich
Alcino J. Silva
Nelson Spruston
Xiao-Jing Wang
Alan Geoffrey Watts
PHARMACEUTICAL
SCIENCES
Michael Aschner
Paula C. Bickford
Mark Cushman
Paul F. Hollenberg
Marilyn Emily Morris
John Michael Pezzuto
Rao S. Rapaka
David E. Smith
Anil Kumar Sood
Charles M. Thompson
Carston R. Wagner
Lynn Wecker
PHYSICS
Andrew Robert Baden
Dimitri N. Basov
Michael J. Bedzyk
Nigel D. Browning
Patricia R. Burchat
Antonio Helio Castro-Neto
Paul M. Champion
Pengcheng Dai
Stefan Gottfried Frauendorf
Michael S. Fuhrer
Peter M. Garnavich
Paul M. Goldbart
Benjamin Grinstein
Kenneth Heller
Theodore A. Jacobson
Rongying Jin
James Kakalios
Christopher J. Keane
Ashutosh Kotwal
Wim Leemans
Shawn-Yu Lin
Andrea J. Liu
Mikhail D. Lukin
Aneesh Manohar
Christopher R. Monroe
Douglas Natelson
George S. Nolas
David D. Nolte
Eric B. Norman
Mark A. Novotny
Anthony Joseph Peurrung
Philip W. Phillips
Joseph G. Polchinski
Richard Henry Price
Federico Rosei
Randal C. Ruchti
Nitin Samarth
Kenneth J. Schafer
Surajit Sen
Ian Shipsey
Melvyn J. Shochet
Alexei P. Sokolov
Gene D. Sprouse
Samuel Ting
Renata M.M. Wentzcovitch
Ali Yazdani
Sherry J. Yennello
Anton Zeilinger
Xiaowei Zhuang
PSYCHOLOGY
Nelson Cowan
Celia B. Fisher
Margaret Gatz
Peter Adrian Hancock
Todd F. Heatherton
Julia R. Heiman
Ned H. Kalin
Todd D. Little
Steven J. Luck
Laurence T. Maloney
Alex Martin
John J. McArdle
Joseph Lee Rodgers III
John M. Roll
Steven K. Shevell
Eliot R. Smith
Anthony D. Wagner
Timothy D. Wilson
Howard N. Zelaznik
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC &
POLITICAL
SCIENCES
Howard E. Aldrich
Nicole Woolsey Biggart
Herbert Gintis
Randy Hodson
Edward Paul Lazear
Deirdre McCloskey
Melvin L. Oliver
Zhenchao Qian
Alvin E. Roth
John Skvoretz
Richard Michael Suzman
SOCIETAL IMPACTS OF
SCIENCE &
ENGINEERING
Michael M. Crow
Kathy L. Hudson
Jacob E. Levin
Jane C. S. Long
Dietram A. Scheufele
STATISTICS
Arlene S. Ash
Katherine Bennett Ensor
Marc G. Genton
Barry I. Graubard
Karen Kafadar
KyungMann Kim
Ira M. Longini, Jr.
David Madigan
Nitis Mukhopadhyay
Haikady N. Nagaraja
Allan R. Sampson
Nell Sedransk
Ajit C. Tamhane
Marina Vannucci
Naisyin Wang
Ronald L. Wasserstein
Russell D. Wolfinger
Weng Kee Wong
Acknowledgment of Contributors
and Patron Members
The AAAS Board of Directors gratefully acknowledges the individuals and
organizations whose commitment to AAAS has sustained our efforts to advance
science in the service of society and supported new activities in 2012.
Lifetime Giving Society
The Lifetime Giving Society recognizes our most generous living donors – individuals who have contributed a cumulative total
of $100,000 or more during the course of their involvement with AAAS.
Sibyl R. Golden
Alan I. & Agnes F. Leshner
The Roger & Ellen Revelle Family
Fred Kavli
Edith D. Neimark
David E. Shaw & Beth Kobliner Shaw
Decade Club
The Decade Club recognizes individuals who have supported AAAS for ten or more consecutive years.
Anonymous (2)
Jean Beard
Leslie Z. Benet
Ernest L. Bergman
Herman Birch
Phillip L. Blair
C. John Blankley
Herbert Blumenthal
Charles S. Brown
Om bravisshi Om Buddhu
William A. Buehring
Dennis E. Buetow
Jean B. Burnett
Michael J. Calderwood
Nathaniel Chafee
Mary E. Clutter
Robert C. Cowen
Richard H. Cox
Bruce H. Dana
Robin L. Dennis
Paul M. Densen†
Craig & Alison Fields
Frank W. Fitch
Robert C. Forney
Helen L. Foster
Joseph G. Gall
S. Raymond Gambino
David M. Gates
Mark L. Gilberstadt
Sarah B. Glickenhaus
Albert E. Goss
Albert L. Hale
Daniel A. Hamlin
James E. Hammerberg
Franklin M. Harold
George John
Irving S. & Alwyn N.
Johnson
Elaine Kant
Rodger & Doris Ketcham
Bernard M. Kulwicki
Walter R. Lawson
Alan I. & Agnes F. Leshner
Philip Lichtenberg
John H. Litchfield
Lars Ljungdahl
Walter & Shirley Massey
Robert L. Molinari
Angelyn & Kevin Moore
David W. Moreland
Patricia H. Moyer
Peter B. Myers
Christer E. Nordman
Marie U. Nylen
Peter O’Donnell, Jr.
Allison R. Palmer
Joseph C. Parker, Jr.
Ralph H. Petrucci
Ranard J. Pickering
Rex F. Pratt
Edward R. Rang
Donald G. Rea
Juan G. Roederer
Kenneth L. Rose
Robert Rosenthal
Melvin Ross
Andrew M. Sessler
David E. Shaw & Beth
Kobliner Shaw
Emma Shelton
Linda C. Smith
David G. Stahl
James Stolzenbach
F. William Studier
Joan C. Suit
Donald A. Swanson
Thomas K. Toyama
A. Forrest Troyer
Ari van Tienhoven
Charles P. Wales
Emmerson Ward
Robert T. Ward
Elizabeth K. Weisburger
Robert D. Westfall
Gary R. White
Charles Yanofsky
President’s Circle
Individuals who made significant pledges and contributions to sustain our most timely and important activities in 2012 are
highlighted here as part of the President’s Circle, an initiative to recognize our top donors each year.
$100,000 and
above
$25,000 $49,999
Fred Kavli
Stephen P. A. Fodor
$50,000 $99,999
David E. Shaw &
Beth Kobliner
Shaw
Deceased
†
Alan I. &
Agnes F. Leshner
Ellen J. Scherl
$10,000 $24,999
Ruth M. Davis†
Paul M. Doty†
Gregory S. &
Marcella Ferriss
Alice S. Huang &
David Baltimore
Pauline P. Lee in
memory of
Bernard S. Lee
Edith D. Neimark
John Chao
Claire Perry
John M. Clough, Jr.
David E. Shaw
$5,000 - $9,999
$2,500 - $4,999
Eloise E. Clark
Anonymous (2)
Anonymous, in
memory of Myrtle
Ray Zeiber, Jill
Sharon Sheridon,
Tucker Hake
Jeffrey A. Cooper
Phillip L. Blair
Fred A. Blum
Chet & Marie Britten
Steven J. Greenberg
Randal J. Kirk
John S. Reed
Woody & Lyn Savage,
in honor of John
Marean
Janet J. Asimov
Gary & Fay
Beauchamp
Floyd E. Bloom
Lucio Chiaraviglio
Roy Curtiss III
Federico Faggin
Robert B. Litterman
Cherry A. Murray
Norman & Georgine
Neureiter
Peter O’Donnell, Jr.
Simon Ramo
Beth A. Rosner
41
Pablo Valenzuela
Robert J. Glaser
Jo Ellen & Mark Roseman
Paul Berg
Warren B. Weisberg
Sarah B. Glickenhaus
Robert Rosenthal
Leslie C. Berlowitz
Mary C. Farach-Carson
Dr. Fernando J. Zúñiga y
Rivero
Howard Gobstein
Sue V. Rosser
Mani L. Bhaumik
Gillian M. Fenton
Erwin Goldberg
Arnold Roy
R. Byron Bird
Sibyl R. Golden
Howard A. Royle
Peter D. Blair
Isaiah J. Fidler &
Margaret L. Kripke
$1,000 - $2,499
Mary L. Good
Glenn E. Schweitzer
Robert C. Bless
Thomas H. Finlay
Pablo I. Altieri, M.D.
Arthur F. Hebard
Andrew M. Sessler
Felix H. Boehm
Eric Firing
Anonymous (7)
Donald E. Henson
Phillip A. & Ann H. Sharp
Stuart Bondurant
Gerald J. Fishman
David Atlas
Ralph Hillman
Richard B. Silverman
Edward M. Boughton
Frank W. Fitch
D. James Baker
Paul Hoff
Andrew D. Sinauer
John Brademas
Charles J. Flora
Nicholas A. Begovich
William F. Holmes
Henry B. Sinclair
Michael Bradie
Elson Floyd
Jerry A. Bell & Mary Ann
Stepp
Gordon R. Hough
Edward S. Spoerl
Nyle C. Brady
Richard M. Forester
Sahar Houshdaran
Peter J. Stang
Richard Brandshaft
Efi Foufoula-Georgiou
Hans Bergstrom
Joan M. Hutchins
Dusan Stefoski
Richard G. Brennan
John & Mary Frantz
Elwyn & Jennifer
Berlekamp
Irwin & Joan Jacobs
Mary Ann Stepp
Josephine P. Briggs
Hans Frauenfelder
Phyllis E. Johnson
Peter F. Stevens
Joost A. Businger
Joel M. Friedman
Margaret M. & Will B.
Betchart
Dale Kagan &
Elyse Rosenstein
F. William Studier
Robert C. Calfee
Richard Friedman
Judy Swanson
Marc A. Carrasco
Bernd Fritzsch
Adele L. Boskey
Valerie F. Kaplan
Matthew D. Todd
Victor T. Chang
Bill & Julie Fulkerson
Peter Boyer
Elizabeth M. Keithley
Alar Toomre
Lloyd F. Chase
Deborah J. Fulton
Monica M. & E. James
Bradford
Tong Kele
Philip C. Trackman
Tom D. Y. Chin
Charles G. Gaines
Bruce L. Larson
Dan Vickery
Norman E. Cima
S. Raymond Gambino
Catherine & George Ledec
Bailus Walker, Jr.
Jon C. Clardy
Frederick R. Gehlbach
Joe R. Lee
David Weiser
Ellen W. Clayton
Terry T. Gerritsen
S. David Leonard
Thomas E. Wellems
James S. Clegg
Terry L. Gilmore
Lawrence D. Longo
Robert A. Weller
James H. Cleland
Janet R. Gilsdorf
John Lummis
Corwith C. White
Thomas E. Clemente
Jesus Gomez-Navarro
Allan J. Lundeen
W. L. Wilson
Edward H. Coe, Jr.
Kim L. Graham
Carol B. Lynch
Bruce W. Worster
Stirling A. Colgate
Marea E. Hatziolos Grant
Craig C. Malbon
Oran R. Young
Rita R. & Jack H. Colwell
Henry T. Greely
David Comb
Mark L. Green
James D. Cox
M.R.C. Greenwood
Bruce H. Dana
Irene Meyer & Albert Greif
Jackson Davis
Donald F. Grether
Vincent Jo Davisson
Samuel Gubins
Kenneth A. DeGhetto
Alfred W. Hales
Robert J. DeLap
Donald P. Harrington
Darryl C. DeVivo
William K. Hart
John J. Deyst, Jr.
John H. Hash
Russell R. Dickerson
Fernand A. Hayot
N. L. Doligalski
Robert E. Healing
W. Graeme Donovan
William R. Hearst III
Ruth A. Douglas
Liz K. Hedstrom
Richard D. Drake
E. Keith Hege
Radoje Drmanac
Holliday C. Heine
Philip M. DuBois
Susan J. Henning
Loyal & Bernice Durand
Thomas L. Henson
Elizabeth D. Earle
Peter K. Hepler
Elizabeth E. Ehrenfeld
Charles E. Hess
Henry L. Ehrlich
John R. Hess
Arthur Eisenkraft
John E. Hiatt
Vincent A. Elder
Kim Q. Hill
Lynn & Kathleen Enquist
Jacquelyn Hoke
Richard W. Benjamin
Alan J. Eynon
Raymond W. Holton
Leo L. Beranek
Giuseppina Fabbiano &
Keelung Hong
Lewis & Connie Branscomb
Andrew L. Brill
Harold E. Burkhart
Jean B. Burnett
Peter Byers
A. S. Cargill
Carlton M. Caves
Nathaniel Chafee
Maarten J. Chrispeels
Kathleen K. Church
Mary E. Clutter
George W. Cogan &
Fannie Allen
Donald G. Comb
Jonathan C. Coopersmith
Kenneth A. Cowin
William H. Danforth
Troy E. Daniels
Jeffrey S. Dean
John T. Deane
George E. DeBoer
Priscilla C. Doman
Albert T. Dosser
J. David Malone
David H. Marlowe
J. Howard Marshall III
John T. Melson
Richard A. Meserve
Ronald D. Miller
Ernest J. Moniz
Gordon E. & Betty I. Moore
William A. Murphy, Jr.
Judith K. Nyquist
Gilbert S. Omenn &
Martha A. Darling
Claire L. Parkinson
Edward E. Penhoet
$500 - $999
John D. Aach
Sam H. Adams, Jr.
Ernest Adelman
Edwin J. Adlerman
Mihran S. Agbabian
Anonymous (17)
Kenneth B. Armitage
Samuel Aronson
Arthur K. Asbury
Carolyn H. Asbury
Miguel A. Asomoza
David R. Atkinson
Jaquelin P. Dudley
Joseph G. Perpich &
Cathy Sulzberger
Charles W. Eigenbrot, Jr.
Jeffrey W. Pferd
David P. Bahner
Gerald L. Epstein
Charles C. Philipp
Mary C. Barber
William R. Eyler
William H. Press &
Jeffrey F. Howell
Jeanne P. Barry
Joseph V. &
Philomena M. Formica
Edward K. Rice
Roger N. Beachy
Thomas C. Rindfleisch
Robert C. Forney
Juan G. Roederer
Paul J. Friedman
Antonio H. Romano
Henry F. &
Christine Sasso
Beechhold
John C. Fuhr
Pamela C. Ronald
John F. Finerty
Donald P. Gaver, Jr.
42
Diola Bagayoko
Merton R. Barry
Martin Elvis
Owen M. Hubbard
John R. MacDonald, Ph.D.
John E. Niederhuber
Nicholas Schlageter
Gene S. Thomas
David C. Humm
Merritt C. Maduke
Concepcion R. Nierras
Peter Schlosser
Heriberto V. Thomas
Mien-Chie Hung
Artur Mager
Paul L. Schmidbauer
William A. Thomas
Charles L. Hunze, Jr.
Mardi & Michael Maitland
Ronald P. &
Joan M. Nordgren
Alan Schriesheim
Anne M. Thompson
Leon Hyman
John C. Makemson
Arthur N. Palmer
Sara L. Schupf
Joshua Thomson
David W. Ignat
Shirley & Horace Malcom
C. Harvey Palmer
Steven Shak
J. E. Tillmann
Elaine S. Jaffe
Maria Julia Marinissen
Betty L. Petrie
Lu J. Sham
Alvin V. Tollestrup
Karen S. Jakes
Hans M. Mark
Ralph H. Petrucci
Thomas D. Sharkey
Sam Z. Toma
Wayne Martin
Daniel Pinkel
Charles J. Sherr
Robert D. Toto
Jean’ne M. Shreeve
Leon Trilling
Matthew & Donna Johnson
Kathleen &
Randall Matthews
Christiane T. Piselli
Jonathan A. Plucker
Saul Silverstein
Gertrude M. Tyce
Michael M. Kaback
Ray Mattison
R.K. & G.J. Rains
Charles A. Simenstad
Jashvant D. Unadkat
Hideko Kaji
Robert Maurer
Edward R. Rang
Joseph V. Simone
John Urquhart
John R. Kane
Michael M. May
Stephen Rayport
David J. Simons
Ari van Tienhoven
Elaine Kant
Chris L. McAuliffe
James C. Register III
Bruce M. Simonson
Jui H. Wang
Edward Keenan
Jim & Sue McCarthy
Leonard Reiffel
James L. Smith
Nancy E. Warner
David E. Kerley
Marcia K. McNutt
Charles M. Rice III
Judson Somerville
Warren & Mary Washington
John G. King
David Meinke
Burton Richter
Frank J. Sonleitner
Donald & Beverly Waters
Miles V. Klein
Anastasios Melis
Frederick H. Rindge
Kenneth L. Webb
P. Dileep Kumar
James E. Melvin
Neil Risch
George C. &
Maradel B. Sonnichsen
George Kunkel
Thomas R. Mertens
Cynthia Robinson
Mary C. St. John
Molly H. Weinburgh
Jerome Kutliroff
A. W. Kenneth Metzner
Thomas S. Robison
John D. Weinland
Lois D. Lehman-McKeeman
Barton Milligan
James U. Lemke
Robert L. Molinari
Linda Rockliff, in memory
of Burton W. Rockliff
Juli Staiano &
Marc Washington
Albert T. Steegmann, Jr.
Edwin G. Moore
John L. Rosenfeld
Judith S. Stern
Elizabeth D. Whitaker
Richard & Madelein Lenski
Richard A. Lethin
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David J. Salant
Edward C. Stone, Jr.
Daniel J. Lew
Bayard H. Morrison
Federico Sanchez
Michael P. Stone
Mark T. Lewellyn
Enrico Mugnaini
Sean Sanders
Herbert T. Streu
Lowell N. Lewis
Lawrence S. Myers, Jr.
Alfred P. Sattelberger
Richard C. Stroh
Philip Lichtenberg
Venkatesh Narayanamurti
P. Jackson Schad
Janet B. Svirsky
Peter R. Limburg
Paul E. Neiman
Naomi Schedl
Masaki Tan
Jerry B. Lingrel
Owen J. Newlin
Thomas C. Schelling
Richard V. Telloni
Irving S. &
Alwyn N. Johnson
Robert J. Weimer
Luiz Weksler
Ralph R. Widner
Bruce B. Williams
John S. & Judith H. Willis
Philip J. & Carolyn Wyatt
George Yang
Charles Yanofsky
Ann M. Stock Zakaria
Marvin Zelen
We are grateful to the following donors for their contributions of $100 or more:
$250 - $499
Edward M. Acton
Cyrus H. Adams
Heman P. Adams
Philip D. Aines
Ramesh K. Akkina
Nancy W. Alcock-Hood
James M. Anderson
Robert Andres
Anonymous (24)
Naoko Arai
A. Arnheim
David P. Balamuth
Alain Balland
Martin S. Banks
Ronald E. Banks
William A. Bardeen
Franklin L. Barnes, Jr.
Paul A. Bartlett
Steven J. Battel
Sheldon Baumrind
Gary L. Cecchini
Robin L. Dennis
Herbert C. Friedmann
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Timothy Devaremme
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Jean Beard
Jagdish Chandra
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Georgine M. Garbisch
R. P. Belden
Walter J. Chazin
Joe B. Dixon
David Garvin
Harvey E. Belkin
Martin A. Cheever
Roger Eichhorn
Eli Glatstein
Barbara Bell
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Franco Einaudi
Paul W. Glimcher
Charles F. Bennett, Jr.
Robert W. Christopherson
Robert N. Eisenman
Malcolm S. Gordon
Herman Birch
Ralph M. Clark
George A. Englesson
Mary E. W. & Albert E. Goss
C. John Blankley
Steven Clawson
Edwin P. Ewing, Jr.
Kathleen L. Gould
Philip K. Bondy
James & Stella Coakley
Emmanuel Farber
Konstantin Goulianos
John G. Bordie
David Collier
David W. Faris
Gerardo W. Gross
Dewey E. Born
Dale K. Colyer
William E. Farrell
William J. Guilford
J. Stuart Bratholdt
James K. Coward
Allison F. Fentiman
Matthias Haase
Robert M. Brenner
Walter Craig
James P. Ferris
Duane E. Haines
William F. Brinkman
Thomas I. Crowell
Lewis T. Fitch
Daniel A. Hamlin
Michael F. Briselli
Michael Cynamon
Lysia S. Forno
Ingeborg Hanbauer-Costa
Robert D. Brown, Jr.
J. D. S. Danielson
Daniel W. Foster
Roy M. Havenhill
Dennis E. Buetow
Igor B. Dawid
Helen L. Foster
Evan B. Hazard
Elizabeth R. Butch
Richard M. Deamer
Richard A. Frankel
Alan J. Heeger
Joiner Cartwright, Jr.
Steve J. Demuth
Kathy E. Freas
Susan M. Hinkins
43
Robert L. Hoguet III
Albert S. Mildvan
James P. Stone
Lizabeth A. Allison
Edwin F. Bartholomew
Sharon Hrynkow
Jerry W. Miller
Shepard B. Stone
W. Anthony Allison
John R. Barton
Paul F. Hudrlik
Beatrice Mintz
Alan J. Strauss
Charles E. Alpers
Kay Huebner
Michael J. Moratto
Donald A. Swanson
Norman J. Alvares
Thomas R. &
Johanna K. Baruch
Thomas K. Hunt
Stewart Lee Moses
Richard L. Swent
Joseph Amann
Sally T. Ishizaka
Kristen L. Mueller
Andrew G. Szent-Gyorgyi
Stefan Ambs
Marianna Jackson
Thomas W. Mullikin
Edward Tarbuck
Robert G. Amundson
Neil H. Jacoby, Jr.
William M. Murray
Robert B. Tesh
Edward Anders
Sheila & Jay Jasanoff
Peter B. Myers
Arthur R. Thomas
Gordon W. Anderson
Thomas W. Jeffries
Thomas W. Newton
David H. Thompson
J. Anderson
Joseph R. Jehl, Jr.
John P. O’Connell
Jeremy W. Thorner
James J. Anderson
Samson A. Jenekhe
Richard T. Oehrle
Robert W. Thresher
Linda M. Anderson
Hollis R. Johnson
Jeanette A. Paintsil
P. Tillier
Lloyd L. Anderson
Jiri Jonas
Victor R. Palmeri
James W. Titus
Paul M. Anderson
Anita K. Jones
Suresh S. Patil
Franklin H. Top, Jr.
Sara F. Anderson
William G. Kaelin, Jr.
Glen Perry
Thomas K. Toyama
Robert C. Angerer
Joanne K. Kelleher
Edward B. Picou, Jr.
David H. Tracy
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Kalliat T. Valsaraj
Anonymous (86)
Rodger & Doris Ketcham
Ken D. Pischel
Albert F. Wagner
Rudi Ansbacher
Thomas A. Kitchens
William H. Plotkin
Harold Walba
Bradley C. Antanaitis
Michael S. Klassen
Glenn D. Prestwich
Charles Walcott
Frederick J. Antosz
Jane Q. Koenig
Stephen C. Ragatz
W. James Waldman
Michael W. Arenton
Rajiv Kohli
John D. Randall
Mark E. Weaver
Edward M. Arnett
Shohei Koide
Jimmy L. Rash
Irwin Welber
Mary C. Arnold
Edward J. Kormondy
Francis Repas
Michael L. Wells
William Aron
Michael H. Kroll
Mary E. Rice
Donat G. Wentzel
William C. Ashby
T. G. Ksiazek
Robert D. Westfall
Arnold C. Ashcraft
Benjamin J. Kuipers
Lynn M. Riddiford &
James W. Truman
James P. Whipple
Laurence D. Ashly
Michael Hon-Wah Lam
Henry M. Rines
Irvin L. White
Balasubramania H. Athreya
Joseph S. Lappin
Robert J. Ringlee
John F. Wilkerson
Marc S. Atkins
Kathleen Hoey Lavoie
John D. Roberts
Robert L. Winders
Ronald K. Atwood
Myron C. Ledbetter
William L. Robison
Keith D. Wing
William S. Augerson
Douglass B. Lee, Jr.
Tina Roeder
Sidney G. Winter, Jr.
Howard Leventhal
Alan E. Rogers
J. Walter Woodbury
David S. &
Kathleen N. Ayres
Richard A. Levinson
Felix J. Rogers
George E. Woody
Timothy N. Ayres
Charles A. Lewis, Jr.
Dennis A. Roscetti
Milton Zaitlin
Daniel L. Azarnoff
Herman S. Lilja
Kenneth L. Rose
Felix E. Zajac III
Jocelyne Bachevalier
Rulon K. Linford
Vera C. Rubin
Charlotte M. Zitrin
Thomas A. Badgwell
Robert B. Loftfield
George D. Ryerson
Iris L. Long
Mary Sale
John P. Loveridge
Tamiko Sato
Paul Lovoi
Cecily C. Selby
Paul A. Luciw
Earl H. Sexton
Charles A. Lundquist
Carleton B. Shay
William B. Lyons
Emma Shelton
Clifford K. Madsen
Paul F. Shepard
Mary E. Mahoney
Lawrence C. Shimmin
David J. March
Charles H. Shultz
Thomas J. Marlowe
Mrityunjay Singh
Susan A. Matthies
Jack Sjostrom
John E. McDonald
W. R. Smith-Vaniz
John M. McGhee
Peter B. Snyder
John R. Menninger
Q. D. Stephen-Hassard
Carl R. Merril
Peter J. Stoddard
Charles P. Alexander,
in memory of
Leon M. Jaroff
Colin A. Michie
James Stolzenbach
Caitilyn Allen
44
Walter S. Baer
$100 - $249
James S. Aagaard
Ashley J. Aberg
S. C. Abrahams
Melissa Acosta
Ernest C. Adams
Roger W. Addor
Jill P. Adler
Leif A. Ahrens
Cameron Ainsworth
Ingrid E. Akerblom
Susan C. Alberts
Stanley Bailis
Carol Baird
Mary Ann Baker
Mark Balas
Samuel F. Baldwin
N. Addison Ball
David P. Ballou
Karen J. Bame
C. Kenneth Banks, Jr.
Joseph C. Barbaccia
R. Keith Bardin
John Bark
Wayne Barnes
Franklin H. Barnwell
Monique Barrett
Craig S. Barrow
Vicki, Ed & Madi Bass, in
honor of Mr. & Mrs.
Ronnie Wooten
Hyman Bass
Anna Battenhouse
Diana J. Bauer
Kyle D. Bayes
T. Edmund Beck
David C. Beebe
John C. Behrendt
Alvin L. Beilby
George A. Bekey
Paul Belanger
Edward A. Belongia
Roy Benedek
Michael W. Benenson
Leslie Z. Benet
Thomas L. Benjamin
Donald R. Bennett
Jennifer M. Berardi
Matthew J. Berberich
Richard Beresford
Elena M. Berger
Ernest L. Bergman
Maria V. Bergmann
Herbert L. Berk
Arthur Berman
R. Stephen Berry
Richard F. Berthelsdorf
Kevin P. Bertrand
Rose Bethe
Erwin P. Bettinghaus
Joseph P. Bevak
William C. Bianchi
Paul Bickart
John T. Bickmore
Charles E. Bidwell
Theodore I. Bieber
David K. Biegelsen
George E. Bigelow
Kelly Biggs
Nancy G. Bigham
Victor J. Bilotta
Graeme Birchall
Nirendra N. Biswas
Peter E. Black
Meredith Blackwell
Gregor Blaha
Mordecai P. Blaustein
Jerome L. Bleiweis
Robert J. Blendon
David Card
John D. Corbett
Gilbert R. Di Leone
John H. Exton
Tim Bloom
Fernando P. Cardenas
Pierce S. Corden
Sidney Diamond
Sandra M. Faber
Herbert Blumenthal
Vernon B. Cardwell
Richard C. Corlett
David B. Dickinson, Jr.
Robert L. Fairchild
Hans R. Bode
Andrew G. Carey
Jimmy C. Cornette
Paul W. Dickson, Jr.
Curtis Farrar
John K. Boitnott
James M. Carhart
Charles D. Cornwell
Paula Diehr
Kenneth R. Farrell
Susan & Jeffrey Bond
William C. Carlson
Albert E. Cosand
Michael A. Dillon
John W. Farrington
Martha W. Bond
Ralph L. Carmichael
Patricia F. Cottam
David F. Dinges
Ralph W. Fasold
Susan B. Bonner-Weir
Peter D. Carragher
Robert C. Cowen
Omer Divers
Theodore F. Fathauer
Joseph Bordogna
Joseph Carson
George L. Cowgill
Winifred W. Doane
James A. Fay
David & Harriet Borton
Robert A. Cary
George E. Cowperthwaite
Walter Luis B. Doege
Benedict Feinberg
John D. Bower
Carolyn L. Cason
Richard H. Cox
Patricia K. Donahoe
Arnold M. Feingold
Elmo L. Bowman
Paul A. Catacosinos
Harold P. Coyle, Jr.
Terrence M. Donohue, Jr.
Shelagh Ferguson-Miller
James N. Bradbury
Ann D. Catlett
George W. Crabtree
Linneaus C. Dorman
Herbert E. Ferran, Jr.
Rick Bradford
Winslow S. Caughey
William A. Craig
Michael P. Doyle
William Fickinger
Roscoe R. Braham, Jr.
Peter C. Chabora
Arthur R. Crampton
Jeff Dozier
Herbert C. Field
Robert L. Brammer
John H. Chamberlain
Stephen H. Crandall
John B. Fieser
Kristi M. Branch
Yuan Chao
Peter H. Crawford
Abraham I. &
Marianna Dranetz
Jonathan Braun
Paul G. Chapin
Denton W. Crocker
Mary B. Dratman
Terese Finitzo
Gay M. Crooks
Paul Dreizen
Olivera J. Finn
Kathleen M. Fisher
Daniel Blitz
Rubin Braunstein
Gary A. Chapman
Gerald J. Filbin
Alexander J. Bridges
Stanley E. Charm
John H. Crowe
George B. Driesen
Paul J. Brindley
Allen R. Chauvenet
Alfred J. Crowle
Lester Dubnick
Morris A. Fisher
Jon M. Brooks
Eugene Y. - X. Chen
William L. Cruce
Robert A. Dudley
James E. Fitzgerald
Raymond Brooks
Yenming Cheng
Kenny S. Crump, Sr.
Marilyn J. Duncan
Yael Fitzpatrick
Charles S. Brown
Peter Chesson
Franklin Cruz
Raynor L. Duncombe
David J. Fletcher
Dennis J. Brown
Arthur N. Chester
August O. Curley
Edward A. Foegeding
Donald J. Brown
Wai-Yim Ching
Gregory Cybul
Thomas H. &
Sylvia A. M. Dunning
Harold H. Brown
Purnell W. Choppin
Donn D’Alessio
Josee Dupuis
John I. Ford
Susan G. Brown
Albert K. Christensen
Joseph A. D’Anna, Jr.
John C. Browne
Stanley H. Christensen
Beverly A. Dale-Crunk
Joshua C. Brumberg
Robert L. Christiansen
Joan Dash
John S. Brusca
Sita K. Dash
Barbara Bryant
Tze-Yao &
Margaret S. Y. Chu
Robert W. Bryant
Leo T. Chylack
Gary S. David
Susan V. Bryant
Shaun F. Clancy
Herbert A. David
Nisso Bucay
George A. Clark, Jr.
Evan Buck
Robert A. Clark
David L. Davies
William A. Buehring
Theodore C. Clarke
Charles F. Davis, Jr.
Esther A. Bullitt
David R. Coahran
Peter L. Davis
Beryl Burgess
George D. Cody
Richard O. Davis
Mary F. Burke
Jules Cohen
David S. Dayton
Marvin D. Burkhart
Michael P. Cohen
P. J. De Jong
Karolyn Burkhart-Schultz
Nadine D. Cohen
Catherine D. DeAngelis
Ronald G. Burns
H. Steven Colburn
Stephen H. Burns
Geoffrey A. Cole
Hans W. Decker
John E. Burris
Paul D. Coleman
William P. Deiss
Daryle H. Busch
G. James Collatz
Charles J. Delp
Edward G. Buss
Steven Condas
Richard Demak
Donald G. Buth
James W. Conine
Gunther Dennert
Bradford Butman
Arthur R. Cooke
Paul M. Densen
Susan B. Butts
C. Robert Cooke
Peter R. Denwood
Stephen E. Buxser
Lynn Cooley
Tina M. Calderon
Paul R. Cooley
James K. Detling
Michael J. Calderwood
Max D. Cooper
Marshall E. Deutsch
Michael Calhoun
Carol M. Copp
Arthur L. Devries
Virginia W. Campbell
Philip Coppens
Gordon P. DeWolf, Jr.
Jasper R. Daube
Joseph Davie
Charles H. Debrovner
Kathryn L. Deriemer
Richard W. Dutton
Daniel J. Dwyer
John L. Dwyer
Ira Dyer
Joseph E. Earley
Kirk A. Easley
Douglas P. Easton
John Eberhard
Gregor P. Eberli
Estia J. Eichten
Alfred W. Eipper
Carol S. Eisenberg
Richard Eisenberg
Larry D. Eldridge
Mark P. Elenko
Gary D. Ellis
Lynn W. Ellis
Thomas S. Ely
David K. Emmel
Bernard T. Engel
Pamela Engel
David J. Epstein
Robert S. Erdmann
Robert L. Erickson
Susan G. Ernst
W. Gary Ernst
Joann L. Evans
Randal S. Evans
Margaret L. Fonda
Thomas A. Ford
William J. Forrest
Mark A. Fortuna
Mary H. Foster
William C. Fothergill
Reba B. Fournier
Elizabeth Fowler
Thomas R. Fowler
Joseph Frankel
William S. Frankl
Mark V. Frezzo
Carl Frieden
Stephen Frolking
William E. Fry
Dennis G. Fryback
Glenn Fuller
Kwok S. Fung
Stephen K. Furnas
Mitchell H. Gail
Horace M. Gaims
Harold Gainer
Joseph G. Gall
A. K. Ganguly
Kristin Garcia
Turkan K. Gardenier
Murray B. Gardner
William G. Gardner
David E. Garfin
45
David J. Garfinkel
G. Sheldon Green
Oscar E. Hayes
Charles E. Huntington
Robert Keefe
Margaret A. Garnjost
Michael V. Green
L. Julian Haywood
Michael A. Huston
Judith C. Keen
David M. Gates
Frederick D. Greene
John S. Hege
Michael J. Hutzler
Bettie F. Kehrt
Fritz Gautschi
R. L. Greene
Santosh A. Helekar
James Hwang
B. C. Keith
Robert E. Gawley
William B. Greenough III
Leon Heller
Leonard S. Hyman
James E. Keith
Sinclair Gearing
Samuel Hellman
David E. Illig
John L. Kelland
John C. Gehring
John S. & Deborah
Greenspan
Hellen Hellmich
Takeru Imanishi
G. Randy Keller
Janet Geisselsoder
Brian A. Gregg
Daniel Herdeman
Marylou Ingram
T. Ross Kelly
Aaron J. Gellman
Gordon L. Grosscup
Joseph P. Heremans
Roger Innes
William E. Kelly
Richard J. Gentile
William M. Groton
Pablo M. Hernandez
Harold E. Jackson, Jr.
Marvin D. Kemple
C. L. Gephart
Helen K. Groves
Mario Herrera-Marschitz
Robert W. Jackson
Arthur Kendall
Walter Gerhard
Melvin M. Grumbach
Jackson R. Herring
Mary Jacob
Charles F. Kennel
Edward Gerjuoy
Karl A. Gschneidner, Jr.
Davis Hershey
George T. Jacobi
Thomas W. Kensler
George L. Gerton
Jean M. Gudas
Roger A. Hess
William R. Jacobs
Kern E. Kenyon
Jacquelyn Gervay-Hague
Tee Guidotti
Jan P. Hessler
John H. Jacobsen
Anthony M. Kerdock
Jason E. Gestwicki
Harold Gumbel
William Heyman
Andre T. Jagendorf
Elton Kessel
Anne E. Giblin
C. David Gutsche
Lyndon S. Hibbard
John Jagger
Philip S. Khoury
David T. Gibson
Joseph C. Guzzo
Paul I. Hicock
Jill Jaroff
Earl Kicliter
Irma Gigli
Joanna F. Haas
Donald E. Hildebrandt
Michael Jennings
Ray E. Kidder
Mark L. Gilberstadt
Jerrier A. Haddad
Norwood O. Hill
Dana M. Jensen
Neal C. Gillespie
Michael G. Hadfield
John C. Hilliard
William A. Jensen
Sylvia Kihara &
Roger J. Neill
Walter L. Gillespie
Stephen C. Hadler
Ernest Hilsenrath
Randall M. Jeter
Aaron King
James S. Gilliland
Fletcher F. Hahn
William E. Himwich
Yishi Jin
Mark T. Kingsley
S. Malcolm Gillis
Kater Hake
Conrad C. Hinckley
George John
Toichiro Kinoshita
Peter A. Gilman
Albert L. Hale
Irvin N. Hirshfield
A. David Johnson
Edward O. Kinzie
Henry N. Ginsberg
Marc S. Halfon
David C. Hoaglin
Clark Johnson
Kate P. Kirby
W. Clifford Girard
Edward L. Halk
Hans Henrich Hock
Egil Johnson
Vera Kistiakowsky
Martin E. Gluckstein
Gail H. Hall
Mary Y. P. Hockaday
Howard P. Johnson
Harvie B. Klaus
Walter B. Goad
John E. Hall
Morris Hodara
James F. Johnson
Scott & Heather Kleiner
Edward & Judith Goetzl
Mary Beth Hall
Gerald M. Hoffman
John E. Johnson
Harvey L. Kliman
David E. Golan
Prudence J. Hall
John L. Hofstra
R. Ann Johnson
Thornton C. Kline, Jr.
Allen M. Gold
Robert B. Hall
Michael Hogan
Barbara Johnson-Wint
William A. Knapp
Alvin H. Gold
Zach W. Hall
Frank Hole
Anthony R. Jones
James J. Knierim
Marian R. Goldsmith
Thomas D. Hamilton
Kay E. Holekamp
Irene M. Jones
P. M. Koch
Edwin Goldwasser
James E. Hammerberg
Joe Hollstein
Lawrence W. Jones
Michael F. Koehl
Edward D. Gomperts
Katherine A. G. Hammond
Richard F. Holm
Lucy W. K. Jones
Steven Kohler
Anne H. Good
Gerald R. Hankins
David P. Holman
Patricia M. Jones
Charles E. Kolb
Bernard Goodman
Carl Hansen
Eric W. Holman
Natasha Jonoska
Leland S. Kollmorgen
Colleagues & Staff of Kate
Goodrich, in memory of
Roy G. Goodrich
Stephen L. Hansen
Gerald Holton
Elke Jordan
Gregory Konesky
Dirk T. Hanson
Timothy J. Holzer
Joseph W. Joy
C. Ronald Koons
Richard Hanson
Bruce Kabakoff
Victor Korenman
Jesse F. Goodwin
Edwin B. Hooper, Jr.
Alexander Harcourt &
Kelly Stewart
Peter V. Hornbeck
Jack J. Kahgan
Richard L. Kornblith
Gabriel N. Hortobagyi
Virginia L. Kortes
Wesley H. Harker
Burton S. Kaliski, Jr.
Joel S. &
Marlene R. Gordon
Lansing C. Hoskins
Aimee A. Kane
Shirley A. Kovacs
Franklin M. Harold
Edwin W. House
James S. Kane
Theodore R. Kozlowski
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46
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47
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Qualcomm Incorporated
The Glickenhaus
Foundation
Research Corporation for
Scientific Advancement
American Society of Civil
Engineers
Society for Research in Child
Development
Golden Family Foundation
Reservoir Labs
American Society of Mechanical
Engineers
South Carolina Commission on
Higher Education
The Goldhirsh Foundation, Inc.
Richard Lounsbery Foundation
Gordon and Betty Moore Family
Foundation
American Society of
Microbiology
SPIE
The Rockefeller Foundation
Grainger Matching Charitable
Gifts Program
Seascan, Inc.
Hamill Family Foundation
Sentry Dynamics, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard Company
Foundation
Silicon Valley Community
Foundation
Hitachi America, Ltd
Sinauer Associates, Inc.
Hitachi, Ltd
The Stella Group, LTD
IBM
Subaru of America, Inc.
Indo-US Science & Technology
Forum
Summit Family Foundation
Association of American
Geographers
Ion Beam Systems Inc.
Sunset Laboratory Inc.
Carnegie Institution for Science
Technical Education Research
Centers
Cornell University
TIAA-CREF Trust Company, FSB
Endowment for the
Neurosciences
Ganguly Family Foundation
The Irving S. & Alwyn N.
Johnson Family Foundation
Jewish Community Foundation
of San Diego
The John D. & Catherine R.
MacArthur Foundation
John Templeton Foundation
The Joyce Foundation
The Kavli Foundation
KPMG
S. A. and R. W. Colgate Trust
The Seattle Foundation
Ting Tsung and Wei Fong Chao
Foundation
Leo L. Beranek Foundation
Litterman Family Foundation
Lockheed Martin Corporation
L’Oréal Foundation D’Enterprise
L’Oréal USA
U.S. Department of Agriculture
U.S. Department of Defense
American Statistical Association
U.S. Department of Energy
American Veterinary Medical
Association
Ameriprise Financial PAC Match
Program
Desert Research Institute
Torrey Revocable Living Trust
Verizon Foundation
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Vintage Production California
LLC
Federation of Animal Science
Societies
West Mesa Sprinklers
Geological Society of America
George Washington University
Other Organizations
Howard Hughes Medical
Institute
Academy of Nutrition and
Dietetics
Institute of Electrical and
Electronic Engineers - USA
Agency for Healthcare Research
& Quality
Kean University
Almgren Initiative in
Mathematics
U.S. Agency for International
Development
American Sociological
Association
European Commission DG
Research
L. Weksler Anesthesia
Legacy Management Inc.
American Society of Plant
Biologists
King Abdulaziz City for Science
and Technology
U.S. Department of Education
U.S. Department of Health &
Human Services
U.S. Department of State
U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency
U.S. Geological Survey
University of Arkansas
University of Delaware
University of Kansas Medical
Research Institute
University of Kansas School of
Medicine
University of Kentucky Research
Foundation
University of Michigan
University of Nevada
University of New Hampshire
University of New Mexico
University of North Carolina
University of Oklahoma
University of Rhode Island
University of Southern
Mississippi
University of Utah
Maine Technology Institute
University of Vermont
American Academy of Arts and
Sciences
Materials Research Society
University of Washington
Michigan State University
University of Wyoming
American Academy of
Neurology
Montana State University
Utah State University
Mount Desert Island Biological
Laboratory
WestEd
American Bar Association
American Chemical Society
The National Academies
New England Biolabs, Inc.
American Cleaning Institute
New York Presbyterian Hospital
American Educational Research
Association
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration
Lundeen Foundation
The Marc Haas Foundation
Mars, Incorporated
Merck & Co., Inc.
Merck Partnership for Giving
The Minerals, Metals and
Materials Society
NorthStar Capital Advisors LLC
Noyce Foundation
Oak Foundation
Oberkotter Foundation
Pablo Valenzuela and Bernadita
Mendez Foundation
Paratherm Corporation
Pepsico Foundation
Pioneer Hi-Bred International,
Inc.
Pitts Family Foundation
American Geological Institute
National Institutes of Health
American Geophysical Union
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
American Institute of Physics
National Science Foundation
American Mathematical Society
Naval Postgraduate School
American Meteorological
Society
Oak Ridge Associated
Universities
American Physical Society
Rhode Island Research Alliance
American Physiological Society
Rice University
American Psychological
Association
Society for Advancement of
Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS)
This listing reflects
contributions received
1 January 2012 through
31 December 2012.
Please bring any errors to
our attention by calling
202-326-6636.
51
Financial Summary
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
($ in thousands)
ASSETS
Cash
Accounts receivable, net
Grants and contributions receivable
Prepaid expenses and other
Investments
Property, plant and equipment
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS
Liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Deferred dues, subscriptions revenue and other
Bonds payable
Total liabilities
Net assets:
Unrestricted
Temporarily restricted
Permanently restricted
Total net assets
Total liabilities and net assets
2012
2011
5,810
3,731
6,849
1,761
86,068
58,829
163,048
4,362
3,865
6,984
2,017
82,146
58,377
157,751
11,628
23,638
12,607
47,873
13,165
24,316
14,399
51,880
94,328
12,010
8,837
115,175
163,048
87,244
9,824
8,803
105,871
157,751
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
($ in thousands)
Revenues:
Member dues
Publishing
Grants and other program support
Leasing, investments and other
Expenses:
Publishing
Education, policy and other programs
General and administrative expenses
52
Operating income, before tax
Provision for income tax
Nonoperating revenue and expense
Change in unrestricted net assets
Change in restricted net assets
Change in net assets
Net assets, beginning of year
Net assets, end of year
2012
2011
10,865
47,562
29,262
9,054
96,743
11,224
47,366
27,400
8,614
94,604
42,660
36,941
15,542
95,143
1,600
197
5,682
7,085
2,219
9,304
105,871
115,175
43,684
34,957
15,030
93,671
933
100
(5,091)
(4,258)
(3,612)
(7,870)
113,741
105,871
AAAS Board of Directors, Officers and Information
BOARD OF DIRECTORS 2012-2013
AAAS MANAGEMENT
ASSOCIATION INFORMATION
Chair
Chief Executive Officer and Executive
Publisher
Association Headquarters
Nina V. Fedoroff
Pennsylvania State University and
King Abdullah University of Science and
Technology (KAUST)
President
William H. Press
University of Texas at Austin
President-Elect
Phillip A. Sharp
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Treasurer
David Evans Shaw
Blackpoint Group LP
Chief Executive Officer
Alan I. Leshner
Alan I. Leshner
Chief Financial and Administrative
Officer
Phillip Blair
Center for Science, Policy and Society
Programs
Edward Derrick, Chief Program Director
Center for Science, Technology and
Security Policy
Norman Neureiter, Director, and Senior Advisor,
AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy
American Association for the
Advancement of Science
1200 New York Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20005 USA
Tel: 202-326-6400
AAAS Annual Meeting
Dates: 13-17 February 2014
Location: Chicago, Illinois
www.aaas.org/meetings
Find an archive of past meetings.
AAAS Centers
www.aaas.org/programs/centers
Supporting science and engineering capacity,
careers, public engagement, science diplomacy,
science policy, sustainability and more.
Education and Human Resources
Shirley M. Malcom, Director
OTHER MEMBERS
Bonnie L. Bassler
Princeton University
May R. Berenbaum
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Executive Office Affairs
ELECTRONIC RESOURCES
Gretchen Seiler, Director
AAAS
Finance
www.aaas.org
Find breaking AAAS news and membership
information.
Colleen Struss, Director of Finance and Chief
Legal Officer
Stephen L. Mayo
California Institute of Technology
Human Resources
Raymond Orbach
University of Texas at Austin
International Office
Alison French, Chief Human Resources Officer
Vaughan Turekian, Chief International Officer
and Director, AAAS Center for Science Diplomacy
Science Journals
www.sciencemag.org/journals
Science, Science Translational Medicine and
Science Signaling.
Science Careers
Information Technology
www.sciencecareers.org
Look for career advice, how-to information and
more.
Sue V. Rosser
San Francisco State University
Richard Hays, Chief Information Officer (2012)
Michael Savelli, Chief Technology Officer (2013)
EurekAlert!
David D. Sabatini
New York University Langone Medical Center
Office of Government Relations
Joanne Carney, Director
www.eurekalert.org
Read breaking research news in multiple
languages.
Inder M. Verma
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Office of Public Programs
MAKE A GIFT
Ginger Pinholster, Director
www.aaas.org/makeagift
Be a catalyst for change—donate online.
Julia M. Phillips
Sandia National Laboratories
Office of Publishing and Member
Services (OPMS)
Beth Rosner, Publisher and Director of OPMS
Project 2061
Jo Ellen Roseman, Director
Science Editorial
Bruce Alberts, Editor-in-Chief (2012)
Marcia McNutt, Editor-in-Chief (2013)
Monica Bradford, Executive Editor
JOIN AAAS
www.aaas.org/join
Advance science, serve society, and read
Science, too.
This report is based on content written by
various members of the AAAS Office of Public
Programs and Project 2061 staff during 2012.
Writing assistance was provided by Michaela
Jarvis. The design was developed by Janel Kiley,
AAAS Publication Services.
Science News
Colin Norman, News Editor (2012)
Tim Appenzeller, News Editor (2013)
53
AAAS 2014
ANNUAL MEETING
MEETI NG GLOBAL CHALLENGES:
DISCOVERY AND INNOVATION
13 - 17 F E B R U A R Y • C H I C A G O
The 2014 Annual Meeting will focus on finding sustainable solutions
through inclusive, international, and interdisciplinary efforts that are most
useful to society and enhance economic growth.
You are invited to attend the 2014 AAAS Annual Meeting in Chicago.
Thousands of leading scientists, engineers, educators, policymakers,
and journalists will gather from around the world to discuss recent
developments in science and technology.
The Annual Meeting has a diverse scientific program
and also features:
• Career development workshops
• Exhibit hall with international exhibitors
• Family Science Days, a free public
event with hands-on science activities
for children
Special registration and housing rates are
available for AAAS members.
Registration and housing open
in early August.
www.aaas.org/meetings