Gleb Speranski InsulPro

Transcription

Gleb Speranski InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour
Thomas van Raamsdonk
pro clima
Definitions
Definitions
INSULATION MATERIAL. Indicates a product that gains its properties once it is installed. SEMI‐RIGID SHEET INSULATION. Insulation in the form of sheets that are self‐supporting on a vertical or horizontal plane, but can be folded when required. This type is a firm but flexible insulation product that is of a medium to high density. THERMAL RESISTANCE (R). A measure of resistance to the flow of heat. It can be determined by measuring the temperature difference which is maintained between surfaces or planes when there is constant heat flow between them in unit time through unit area (m2K/W). NZS 4246 ‘Energy Efficiency‐ Installing Insulation in Residential Buildings’
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InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Definitions‐ continued
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY (k‐value) is the ability of a material to conduct heat (W/(m∙K)
Thermal resistance R = L/k, where L‐ material’s thickness.
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Definitions
Insulation
=
air in small chambers
Air movement
= heat transport
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Moisture in insulation
Cammerer, J. und Achtziger,J.:
Einfluß des Feuchtegehaltes auf die Wärmeleitfähigkeit von Bau‐ und Dämmstoffen. Bericht zu BmBau
Forschungsvorhaben BI 5‐
800883‐4, 1984. Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Role of density
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour To deliver its R‐value installed insulation must
•
Retain its nominal thickness, •
Have no gaps around the edges,
•
Should not be creased or folded,
•
Should maintain its physical properties overtime (i.e. no sagging).
As per requirements of NZS 4246 ‘Energy Efficiency‐ Installing Insulation in Residential Buildings’
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Installed performance
Low‐density insulation
‘Figure 1 shows very poor installation. Strong sunlight on the cladding highlights the thermal impact of the tucks and folds.’
Build magazine article ‘Is thermal insulation performing?’
Issue 136, June/July 2013
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InsulPro
Semi‐rigid insulation
“Insulation material must be specifically designed for a particular area of use: don’t use insulation designed for roofs in walls, for example” BRANZ House Insulation Guide
Gleb
Speranski
Thomas van Raamsdonk InsulPro
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour Convection vs. Diffusion
Importance of infiltration
experiment conditions:
inside temperature +20° C
outside temperature ‐10° C
1m
1m
140 mm
without gap: R‐Value = 3.30 W/m2K
0.70 W/m2K
with 1 mm gap: R‐Value = Pressure difference 20 Pa = wind force 2‐3
Measurement:
Institute of building physics, Stuttgart
Source: DBZ 12/89, page 1639ff
performance down by factor 4.8!
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Diffusion vs. Convection
experiment conditions:
inside temperature +20° C
outside temperature ‐10° C
1m
1m
without gap:
140 mm
0.5 g water / m2x24h with 1 mm gap: 800 g water / m2x24h
Pressure difference 20 Pa = wind force 2‐3
Measurement:
Institute of building physics, Stuttgart
Source: DBZ 12/89, page 1639ff
FACTOR 1,600!
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Speranski
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Gleb
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Blower Door Test
volume of air transported outwards by the Blower Door
n50 = net volume of air of the building
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Speranski
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Gleb
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Gleb
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Building Enclosure Details Tour Current Issues
Building enclosures •
•
•
•
Can be quite complex by design Feature a multitude of materials: structural elements, claddings, linings, membranes, thermal and acoustic insulation. Have range of services running through them‐
plumbing, ventilation/heating ducts, wiring. Never air tight and often are on the outside of the thermal envelope.
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Building enclosures‐ continued
‘Although New Zealand is in a temperate zone, there are air conditioned and heated homes and buildings and to avoid the detrimental effects of condensation, the use of underlays, vapour control layers and synthetic wraps, and the amount, type and balance of ventilation, should be suitable for the building.
The type of construction will determine the methods that have to be taken to avoid or minimise condensation, but the principles of condensation, insulation and ventilation, and moisture control for roof and wall cladding are the same for domestic, commercial and industrial buildings.’
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Some of the current issues
• Design
• Inadequate products
• Poor installation
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Design
• Needs to incorporate insulation and allow sufficient space for it. • Should separate services (plumbing, electrical, etc.) and insulation. • Must ensure the thermal envelope is complete. Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Thermal design should be treated seriously
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Principals of humidity and moisture of the air
max. H2O 25
[g/m³]
20
23.1
17.3
15
12.9
9.3
10
Fog
5
2.5
6.8
3.3
Reasons for structural damage
Warm air will condense, if
cooling below the dew point ‐
cold air can hold less water
than warm air
= condensation
2.1
‐10
‐5
0
5
10
Dew point 9.2° C
Absolute humidity
at 50 %
rel. humidity:
= 8.65 g/m³
Gleb
Speranski
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15
20
25
Temperature ° C
Standard inside winter climate Standard: outside winter climate according to DIN 4108‐3 Cooling process
according to DIN 4108‐3
Temperature: +20°
C
Temperature: ‐10°
C
max. humidity: 17.3 g/m³
Condensation
rel. humidity: 50 %
Absolute water content: 8.65 g/m³
Condensation:
= 6.55 g/m³
Building Enclosure Details Tour Principals of humidity and moisture of the air max. H2O 25
[g/m³]
20
23.1
17.3
15
12.9
9.3
10
Fog
6.8
5
2.5
Reasons for structural damage
Warm air will condense, if
cooling below the dew point ‐
cold air can hold less water
than warm air
3.3
= condensation
2.1
‐10
‐5
0
5
10
Dew point 12.5° C
Absolute humidity
at 60 %
rel. humidity:
= 10.3 g/m³
Gleb
Speranski
pro clima
15
20
25
Temperature ° C
Inside winter climate in NZ
Outside winter
climate
Temperature: +20°
C in NZ
Temperature: 0°
C
Condensate
rel. humidity: 60 %
Absolute water content: 10.3 g/m³
Condensation
= 7.0 g/m³
Building Enclosure Details Tour Attic roof
5⁰ C
3⁰ C
0⁰ C
20⁰ C
Gleb
Speranski
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Building Enclosure Details Tour Skillion roof
5⁰ C
0⁰ C
3⁰ C
20⁰ C
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Speranski
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Building Enclosure Details Tour Inadequate products
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Design issues
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Another level of complexity
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Areas often left without insulation
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Multiple corners
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Areas often left without insulation‐ continued
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour commercial roof
5⁰ C
0⁰ C
3⁰ C
10⁰ C
20⁰ C
Gleb
Speranski
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour AS/NZS 2785:2000 Suspended Ceilings‐ Design and Installation
A good advice can be hard to come by‐ should condensation occur the above will only make the matters worse!
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Questions
Break
Best Practise
WUFI Calculation Methods
WUFI
computer‐assisted [dynamic] simulation program for heat and humidity transport (Fraunhofer, Germany)
‐ real climatic data
‐ inside and outside temperature
‐ inside and outside humidity
‐ light absorption
‐ moisture storage capability
‐ capillary action
[data of one reference year at intervals of 1 hour]
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Speranski
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Building Enclosure Details Tour Blower Door
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Building Enclosure Details Tour NZBC H1.3.3
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Building Enclosure Details Tour Compliance Quality of fitted insulation should be verified as per VM1/H1.
Manufacturer’s installation instructions and relevant standards must be followed.
“Gaps around the edge of insulation can reduce its effective R value by approximately 3% for every 1 mm gap.” BRANZ House Insulation Guide
An EECA study in 2010 identified a widespread lack of compliance with NZS 4246 in new houses. Amongst other problems some serious safety failures were identified. Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Professional installation
As well as quality products, installation must be carried out by qualified installers.
IAoNZ training is based on NZS 4246 and the best practice. The training package is centred around safety of installers and building’ occupants.
Insulation installation should be recognised as a separate trade‐ similar to plumbing, roofing, etc.
Insulation accounts for, approximately, 1% of the total built cost of a residential house. Yet, it is the single most effective way to achieve compliance with H1. Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Benefits of good insulation
For Installers
 Able to do a quality compression fit
 Easy to cut
 Safe to work with
Risk Free
For Builder/Developer
 Value for money
 Building Code compliant
 Product made in NZ
 Durable insulation solution
For House Owner
 Quality, well performing insulation
 No gaps, sagging and performance issues
 Only install once, no product top ups required
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Composition of external building membranes:
Structure
Functions:
Top Layer:
Top Layer
Membrane
Bottom Layer
Protection of the membrane from the outside at installation process (during the installation of the battens and subsequent roofing).
Membrane:
Waterproof against driving rain
Bottom layer: Protection of the membrane against irregularities in the substrate (rafters or timber shuttering)
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Speranski
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour Moisture transportation performance
Hitherto technology: PE / PP
High performance TEEE technology:
Fleece
Fleece
Microporous membrane
Non porous membrane
Fleece
Fleece
Vapour Convection
Moisture Transport physically by air exchange not by diffusion
= passive transport
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Speranski
pro clima
Vapour Diffusion
Moisture transport along the molecular chains as chemical reaction
= active transport
Building Enclosure Details Tour Structure of membranes
Hitherto technology: PE / PP
High performance technology: TEEE microporous membrane
monolithic nonporous membrane
= passive transport
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Speranski
pro clima
= active transport
Building Enclosure Details Tour Water penetration due to reduced surface tension
Hitherto technology: PE /PP membrane: New technology : TEEE membrane: porous
nonporous and monolithic
Water can penetrate the structure due to the reduced water tension caused by:
Nonporous structures are always watertight and are not effected by:
• Wood preservatives (salts and detergents) • Wood preservatives (salts and detergents) • Chainsaw oil
• Chainsaw oil
• Materials contained in the wood (resins, oils or terpentines)
• Materials contained in the wood (resins, oils or terpentines)
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Speranski
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour Watertightness testing of underlays
Device for measuring
water column / watertightness
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Speranski
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Half of the microporous sample is treated with oil
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Speranski
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Water penetration at the microporous membrane on the side with treated oil
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Speranski
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Half of the nonporous TEEE monolithic membrane
MENTO / EXTASANA sample is
treated with oil
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Both sides of the TEEE membrane – with oil and without oil – are watertight Gleb
Speranski
pro clima
Direct comparison of
treated and not treated
surfaces of
- microporous PP / PE
- nonporous TEEE
membrane
Gleb
Speranski
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour Attic roof
Non‐porous roof underlay i.e. SOLITEX MENTO
Insulation
i.e. InsulPro ceiling blanket
Airtightness and vapour control layer i.e. INTELLO
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Skillion roof
Insulation
i.e. InsulPro skillion blanket
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour System approach
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour System approach
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Basic rule‐ keep the steel on the ‘warm side’!
Gleb Speranski
InsulPro
Building Enclosure Details Tour Commercial roof
Insulation
i.e. InsulPro skillion blanket
Self‐sealing tape i.e. TESCON NAIDEC
Insulation
i.e. InsulPro acoustic ceiling
Gleb
Speranski
pro clima
Building Enclosure Details Tour Questions
Thank you!

Gleb Speranski InsulPro

Transcription

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