Centre de Physique Théorique

Transcription

Centre de Physique Théorique
UMR 6207
Scientific Report 2006 - 2009
Scientific Report 2006 - 2009
3
List of useful abreviations
AERES
ANR
CEA
CIML
CINaM
CIRM
CNRS
CoNRS
CNU
CPPM
ESO
FRUMAM
GDR
GENCI
HDR
IDRIS
IML
IN2MP
INP
IN2P3
INSMI
IRFM
IRPHE
ITER
IUF
LAM
LATP
LRC
M2P2
PEDR
PES
PIIM
TAGC
U1
U2
UFR
UMR
USTV
Agence d’Evaluation de la Recherche et de l’Enseignement Supérieur
Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique
Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille Luminy (UMR6102)
Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille (UPR3118)
Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques (UMS822)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Comité National de la Recherche Scientifique
Conseil National des Universités
Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (UMR6550)
European Southern Observatory
Fédération de Recherche des Unités de Mathématiques de Marseille (FR2291)
Groupement de Recherche
Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif
Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches
Institut de Développement et des Ressources en Informatique Scientifique (UPS851)
Institut de Mathématiques de Luminy (UMR6206)
Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (UMR6242)
INstitut de Physique
Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
Institut National des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions
Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion Magnétique
Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (UMR6594)
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
Institut Universitaire de France
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (UMR6110)
Laboratoire d’Analyse, Topologie et Probabilités (UMR6632)
Laboratoire de Recherche Conventionné
Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (UMR6181)
Prime d’Encadrement Doctoral et de Recherche
Prime d’Excellence Scientifique
Laboratoire Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (UMR6633)
Laboratoire Technologies Avancées pour le Génome et la Clinique (INSERM U928)
Université de Provence (Aix-Marseille I)
Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II)
Unité de Formation et de Recherche
Unité Mixte de Recherche
Université du Sud Toulon-Var
Contents
1 General presentation of CPT (summary in English)
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2 Le CPT : présentation générale (résumé en français)
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3 Scientific activities
3.1 Organization of the research activities . . . . .
3.2 Scientific production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.3 Scientific highlights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.4 Main objectives of the 2008 - 2011 CPT project
3.5 Interdisciplinary aspects of the research activity
3.6 Scientific animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.7 Teaching and diffusion of scientific knowledge .
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4 Organization and resources
4.1 CPT management . . . .
4.2 Finances . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 Computer resources . . . .
4.4 Documentary resources . .
4.5 Training programs . . . .
4.6 Hygiene and security . . .
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5 Scientific report of the Particle Physics team
5.1 Electroweak interactions of quarks . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 Toward high-precision calculations in low energy QCD
5.3 The muon g−2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.4 Isospin breaking corrections in kaon decay modes . . .
5.5 Other studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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6 Scientific Report of the Geometry, Physics, and Symmetries
6.1 Geometry and physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 Differential algebras for gauge symmetries . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.3 Supersymmetries and supergravity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.4 Classical and quantum symmetries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.5 Noncommutative geometry and fundamental interactions . . . .
6.6 Distances and bending angles in curved spacetimes . . . . . . .
6.7 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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team
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6
CONTENTS
7 Scientific report of the Cosmology team
7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.2 Linear and semi-linear growth of density perturbations . .
7.3 Voronoi-Delaunay reconstruction of galaxy distribution . .
7.4 Geometric tests of cosmology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.5 Extraction of cosmological parameters from various probes
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8 Scientific report of the Quantum Gravity team
8.1 Canonical LQG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.2 Covariant LQG: spinfoams . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.3 Other topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.4 History and philosophy of science . . . . . . . . .
8.5 Popularization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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team
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10 Scientific report of the Nanophysics team
10.1 Detection of finite frequency current moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.2 Transport in quantum wires: carbon nanotubes and edge states in the fractional
quantum Hall effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.3 Quantum Hall effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.4 Molecular electronics and spintronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10.5 Hybrid superconducting devices: molecular electronics and quantum information . .
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9 Scientific report of the Statistical Physics
9.1 Complex networks . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.2 Phase transitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9.3 Geometrical aspects of phase transitions .
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11 Scientific report of the Ergodic Theory team
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11.1 Statistical properties of dynamical systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
11.2 Teichmüller theory and billiards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
12 Scientific report of the Nonlinear Dynamics team
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12.1 Interface with fusion plasma physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
12.2 Interface with biology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
12.3 Miscellaneous topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
13 Scientific Report of the Quantum Dynamics and Spectral
13.1 Spectral properties of magnetic quantum Hamiltonians . . .
13.2 Spectral analysis and mesoscopic systems . . . . . . . . . .
13.3 Non-perturbative approach to Quantum Field Theory . . .
13.4 Semigroups and evolution equations . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13.5 Miscellaneous topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14 Scientific report of the Collective Phenomena
team
14.1 Statistical mechanics of bosonic systems . . . .
14.2 Open quantum systems . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14.3 Transport in disordered systems . . . . . . . . .
15 Scientific production 2006 - 2009
Analysis
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and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems
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1. General presentation of CPT
(summary in English)
This chapter provides a general presentation of the Centre de Physique Théorique
(UMR 6207), and summarizes the following chapters concerning the aspects related to the CPT staff, the scientific activities and production, the CPT organization, its financial resources, its contributions to the diffusion of scientific
knowledge, and the involvement of its members in the local and national administration of research and higher education.
A brief history of CPT
The Centre de Physique Théorique (CPT) exists, since January 1st 2004, as a Mixed Research Unit
(UMR 6207) between three universities, Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II), Université
de Provence (Aix-Marseille I), Université du Sud Toulon-Var (USTV), and CNRS. But the laboratory
has a much longer history, that reaches back to the beginning of the sixties, when a theory group
was founded on the downtown Saint-Charles campus. A few years later, this group moved to the
Joseph-Aiguier campus, and evolved into a CNRS Proper Research Unit (UPR 7061), before taking
its present quarters on the campus of Luminy in 1978. Since then, three members of the laboratory
(among which two former CPT directors) became Deans of the Faculty of Sciences of Luminy. One
of them is presently Vice-President of the Scientific Council of the University of the Mediterranean.
Members of the laboratory were also at the origin of, for instance, the Department of Mathematics
of the University of Toulon, and of the Laboratory of Theoretical Physics (presently UMR 5152) in
Toulouse.
With the two mathematics laboratories of Marseille, the Institut de Mathématiques de Luminy (IML,
UMR 6206), and the Laboratoire d’Analyse, Topologie et Probabilités (LATP, UMR 6632), the CPT
is a founding member of the Research Federation of the Mathematics Units of Marseille (FRUMAM,
FR 2281), created in 2002 by the CNRS and by the three Aix-Marseille universities, later also joined
by the university of Toulon, and whose director is a member of the CPT. The laboratory is also a
founding member of the National Research Federation for Fusion by Magnetic Confinement (FRFCM ITER), created in 2005 by CNRS, CEA, and six institutions, in view of the installation of
the ITER program in Cadarache, about 50 km North of Marseille. In addition, the CPT is LRC
(Laboratoire de Recherche Conventionné) with the CEA in Cadarache since 2006, and maintains a
collaboration with members of the IRFM (Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion Magnétique) within
the framework of a scientific program financed by the EURATOM organization since 2003 and ANR
grants.
Although initially mainly centered on mathematical physics (quantum mechanics, quantum field
theory, statistical mechanics, operator algebras, differential geometry,...), CPT rapidly developed research activities towards fundamental issues in particle physics and, somewhat later, in nanophysics,
7
8
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL PRESENTATION OF CPT (SUMMARY IN ENGLISH)
quantum gravity, or cosmology, for instance. In a similar process, the experience gained in the study
of dynamical systems found new applications in other areas (control of chaos in various physical
systems, among them fusion plasmas, or biology and immunology). More recently, the activities in
statistical physics are developing a line of research towards the study of complex networks, which
offer many possibilities for interdisciplinary applications (to epidemiology, but also to the social
sciences, for instance).
CPT research teams
For quite some time, the scientific activities at CPT where organized according to first four, then
three wide thematic groups, Fundamental Interactions, Statistical Physics and Condensed Matter,
Classical and Quantum Dynamical Systems. Since January 1st, 2008, the laboratory has adopted a
structuration into 10 research teams, which together cover a wide spectrum of topics in theoretical
and mathematical physics:1
- E1 Particle Physics
(Team leader: Laurent Lellouch; Effective staff: 3)
keywords: theory of elementary particle physics, quark flavour physics, CP violation, non perturbative QCD, including lattice QCD.
- E2 Geometry, Physics, and Symmetries
(Team leader: Robert Coquereaux; Effective staff: 5.5)
keywords: representation theory, quantum groups, conformal field theory, symplectic geometry, non
commutative geometry, supersymmetry.
- E3 Cosmology
(Team leader: Pierre Taxil; Effective staff: 2)
keywords: theoretical cosmology, analysis of cosmological data, dark energy, dark matter.
- E4 Quantum Gravity
(Team leader: Carlo Rovelli; Effective staff: 3)
keywords: spin foam models, loop quantum gravity, quantum black holes, general relativity, philosophy of sciences.
- E5 Statistical Physics
(Team leader: Senya Shlosman; Effective staff: 3.17)
keywords: phase transitions, rigorous results, complex systems and their multidisciplinary applications.
- E6 Nanophysics
(Team leader: Thierry Martin; Effective staff: 3.5)
keywords: transport in mesoscopic systems, electronic and molecular spintronics, quantum information.
1
The effective staff of each team is determined according to the AERES rule: CNRS researchers are counted as 1,
university teachers as 0.5, except for IUF members, which are counted as 1. In the case someone belongs to several
teams, she/he is counted according to the corresponding fraction.
9
BRIOLLE
Françoise
CHIAPPETTA
Pierre
MCF Promoted HC 09/2009, CNU 61
PREX Promoted 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, VPCS U2
MCF HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
CREPIEUX
Adeline
DUVAL
Christian
PR1
Promoted 09/2008, HDR, CNU 29
GRIMM
Richard
PR1
LAMBERT
André
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
LAZZARINI
Serge
MCF
Promoted HC 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, member CNU 29, member CA U2
MARTIN
Thierry
PR1
Promoted 09/2004, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, member CoNRS 02
OGIEVETSKY
Oleg
PR2
HDR, CNU 29
PEREZ
Alejandro
PR2
Promoted 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, IUF junior member, CNU 29
PETTINI
Marco
PR1
ROVELLI
Carlo
SOCCORSI
Eric
Recr. 12/2008, HDR, CNU 29
PREX Promoted 09/2006, HDR, PEDR, IUF senior member, CNU 29
MCF CNU 26
TROUBETZKOY Serge
PR2
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, affiliation shared with IML
ZAGREBNOV
Valentin
PR1
Promoted 09/1999, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
DEVILLARD
Pierre
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
FLORIANI
Elena
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
IOCHUM
Bruno
PR1
KRAJEWSKI
Thomas
MCF
CNU 29
LEONCINI
Xavier
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
MARINONI
Christian
PR2
Promoted 09/2008, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, IUF junior member
SCHÜCKER
Thomas
PR1
TAXIL
Pierre
PR1
Promoted 09/2003, HDR, CNU 29, member CNU 29
TRIAY
Roland
PR1
VIREY
Jean-Marc
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
ASCH
Joachim
MCF
Promoted HC 09/2005, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
BARBAROUX
Jean-Marie
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, V-Pdt SMF
BRIET
Philippe
PR1
Promoted 09/2007, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, member CS USTV
GANDOLFO
Daniel
MCF
GHEZ
Jean-Michel
MCF
Promoted HC 09/2007, CNU 26
LANNEAU
Erwan
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
LEOPOLD
Elie
MCF
HDR, CNU 26
PANATI
Annalisa
MCF
ROULEUX
Recr. 04/2009, CNU 25
Claude-Alain PREX Promoted 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, member CA USTV
Michel
MCF Promoted HC 09/2003, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
VAIENTI
Sandro
PR1
Promoted 09/2002, HDR, PEDR, CNU 26, dir. FRUMAM
BARRAT
Alain
DR2
Promoted 10/2009, arr. 09/2008, HDR, CoNRS 02
CHANDRE
Cristel
CR1
Promoted 10/2006, HDR, CoNRS 02
CHARLES
Jérôme
CR1
Promoted 10/2003, CoNRS 02
COQUEREAUX Robert
DR2
FERNANDEZ
Bastien
CR1
GIRARDI
Georges
DR2
JONCKHEERE
Thibaut
CR1
KNECHT
Marc
DR2
Promoted 10/1996, HDR, CoNRS 02, CPT director since 01/2002
LELLOUCH
Laurent
DR2
RECH
Jérôme
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 02
RUIZ
Jean
DR2
SHLOSMAN
Senya
DR1
SPEZIALE
Simone
CR2
Recr. 10/2008, CoNRS 02
TASSI
Emmanuele
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 04
VITTOT
Michel
CR1
PILLET
Figure 1.1: Nominative list of the CPT permanent research staff members with their current positions.
The last coloumn gives the date of promotion to the current position or the date of hiring, indicates
HDR and PEDR when applicable, CNU or CoNRS sections, and other responsabilities or distinctions.
10
- E7 Ergodic Theory
(Team leader: Sandro Vaienti; Effective staff: 1.5)
keywords: billiards, Teichmüller theory, statistical properties of dynamical systems.
- E8 Nonlinear Dynamics
(Team leader: Marco Pettini; Effective staff: 7)
keywords: controle of chaos, modelization of physical and biological systems, plasma physics, atomic
and laser physics.
- E9 Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis
(Team leader: Philippe Briet; Effective staff: 2.67)
keywords: mathematical description of physical systems, fonctional analysis, spectral analysis, partial differential equations, finite difference equations, constructive quantum field theory.
- E10 Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems
(Team leader: Claude-Alain Pillet; Effective staff: 2.17;)
keywords: mathematical description of physical systems, open quantum systems, Bose-Einstein condensation, Anderson localization, quantum Hall effect.
Although the research activities are defined at the level of the 10 teams, the previous structuration
into three groups remains useful. First, it provides a more efficient way to distribute some of
the laboratory’s financial resources. Second, the groups provide a natural space where inter-team
interactions can emerge, for instance through the organization of common seminars (see also below).
CPT personnel
The CPT permanent research staff (see the Table on the preceding page which displays a nominative
list organized according to the four partner institutions: U2, U1, USTV, and CNRS) is a balanced
composition of 51 employees of the laboratory’s four partner institutions: 15 university faculties
(10 Professors, one being shared with the Institut de Mathématiques de Luminy, and 5 Maîtres de
Conférence) from the University Aix-Marseille II, the principal university partner, 10 from the University Aix-Marseille I (5 Professors and 5 Maîtres de Conférence), 11 from the University of Toulon
(3 Professors and 8 Maîtres de Conférence), and 15 CNRS researchers (7 Research Directors and 8
Chargés de Recherche). To these one has to add 4 Emeritus Professors and 2 Emeritus Research
Directors. Three Professors from CPT are members of the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF).
According to the AERES counting (see footnote on p. 8), the effective permanent research staff
of CPT amounts to 34.5 full-time researchers.
The administrative and technical staff counts 5 persons, all CNRS employees. None of them is
directly assigned to a particular reasearch team, but they are dispatched within three departments,
under the direct authority of the CPT Director:
- The Administrative and Financial Department, headed by an Engineer assisted by two Technicians
- The Computer Department, consisting of one computer Engineer, who runs and maintains the
computer network of the laboratory
- The Documentation Department, consisting of one Assistant Engineer, who runs the CPT research
library (with a catalog of more than 17,000 entries).
As of June 1st, 2010, 5 post-docs and 36 PhD students also work at CPT.
11
The organization diagram of CPT is displayed at the end of the first Section of Chapter 3.
Scientific production
The scientific production of the laboratory during the period 2006 - 2009 consists of 400 articles
published in more than 100 different peer-reviewed international journals. This high number of
target journals mirrors the diversity of research topics in theoretical and mathematical physics under
investigation at CPT. Moreover, the members of CPT have presented their works in more than 300
national or international conferences, workshops, symposia, or scientific meetings. The complete
scientific production is listed in Chapter 15, according to the categories defined by AERES. A
summary table is provided on the next page, showing also the breakup according to the different
teams.
According to the AERES criteria, and taking into account the context defined by the situation of a
few individuals burdened with heavy administrative duties, about 95% of the 51 active CPT research
staff members are to be considered as “publishing” (publiants).
Main objectives of the 2008 - 2011 CPT project
The main objectives expressed by CPT for the 2008 - 2011 quadrennial period were “to develop
research activities in the fields of the understanding of fundamental interactions, of the modelization
of physical phenomena, and of the interpretation of experimental data”, including their mathematical
aspects.
◦ In the field of fundamental interactions, the arrival of S. Speziale on a CNRS CR2 position in
2008 has strengthened the Quantum Gravity team (E4), which, although still of a slightly sub-critical
size in terms of permanent staff, has succeeded in maintaining a world-class leadership.
◦ The team of Nonlinear Dynamics (E8) benefited from the arrivals of X. Leoncini, member of
the laboratory PIIM until the end of December 2007, of M. Pettini, hired as a Professor of Université
de la Méditerranée in 2008, and of E. Tassi on a CNRS CR2 position in 2009. This has allowed, on
the one hand, to further develop the collaboration with the physicists of the Institut de Recherche
sur la Fusion Magnétique (IRFM) from the CEA in Cadarache (where the installation of ITER has
begun in the meantime) on various theoretical aspects of physical processes occuring inside a fusion
plasma, and, on the other hand, to complete existing and to start new projects with the biologists
of the Luminy campus.
◦ The team on Statistical Physics (E5) has been weakened by the retirement of two CNRS
Research Directors, while two CNRS staff members, one Research Director and one CR1, have
moved to the mathematical laboratory LATP. The arrival, in 2008, of A. Barrat, a world-class
expert on the dynamics of complex networks, offered a very good opportunity to develop a new
research direction, with an important potential for interdisciplinary applications (for instance, in
epidemiology or in the social sciences). A Maître de Conférences position aimed at allowing for a
rapid development of this activity had been opened by the Université de Provence in 2009, but was,
unfortunately, cancelled afterwards.
◦ The interface between mathematics and physics has been strengthened by the arrival of A.
Panati, a young talented mathematician who obtained her PhD at the Mathematics Department
of the University Paris XI - Orsay. She was hired as a Maître de Conférences at the University
of Toulon in 2009, and is currently working, within the Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis
team (E9), on the rigourous construction of quantum field theory models, and on the study of their
mathematical properties.
12
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
[3]
[5,5]
[2]
[3]
ACL
26
49
55
68
26
ACLN
0
0
0
0
ASCL
0
0
0
INV
12
18
ACTI
15
COM
E6
E7
E8
[1,5]
[7]
33
19
52
34
35
3
400
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
4
1
0
10
6
4
0
0
0
0
51
8
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
1
7
69
14
23
31
14
4
9
6
39
27
23
0
190
AFF
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
OS
1
2
1
12
4
0
2
3
1
7
0
33
OV
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
DO
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
4
AP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
PP
4
17
9
19
2
2
8
1
2
10
1
75
[3,17] [3,5]
E9
E10
DIV
TOT
[2,67] [2,17] [0,5]
[34,5]
Figure 1.2: Quantitative summary of the scientific publications of CPT for the period 2006 2009, according to the AERES classification, for each individual team: E1=Particle Physics;
E2=Geometry, Physics and Symmetries; E3=Cosmology; E4=Quantum Gravity; E5=Statistical
Physics; E6=Nanophysics; E7=Ergodic Theory; E8=Nonlinear Dynamics; E9=Quantum Dynamics
and Spectral Analysis; E10=Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems. The figure under
each team number gives the corresponding effective permanent staff. For details, see Chapter 15.
13
◦ J. Rech, who was hired on a CNRS CR2 position in 2009, joined the Nanophysics team
(E6). His background on strong correlations in theoretical condensed matter physics, both in bulk
condensed matter and in mesoscopic systems, brings further strength to this team on several specific topics. Among these, the electronic transport through hybrid mesoscopic devices (quantum
dots connected to metallic and superconducting leads), quantum impurity models and Kondo-type
physics, as well as properties of low-dimensional systems (Luttinger liquids and beyond).
◦ During the last eight years, the research in particle physics (E1) at CPT has suffered severe
losses, due principally to the retirements of five of its members, all CNRS researchers. Furthermore,
two former particle physicists have reoriented their research activities towards the fields of cosmology.
While the team was able to maintain an excellent research activity in the field of flavour physics and
of non perturbative aspects of QCD at low energies, the need to develop new projects, more centered
towards the activities of the experimental teams of the neibourghing CPPM (Centre de Physique des
Particules de Marseille, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université de la Méditerranée) linked to the LHC physics
program (ATLAS and LHC-b) was strongly felt. The hiring of B. Gripaios on a Professor position
of the Université de la Méditerranée in 2010, with a research profile on physics beyond the standard
model, will provide a first step in this direction. The decision of the President of the Université de
la Méditerranée (U2) to link this hiring to an “Excellency Chair” offers very good prospects for a
rapid development of this new research activity in the near future.
The implementation of the scientific policy, during this quadrennial period and the previous one, has
thus consisted in transforming what could initially be considered as a drawback, namely numerous
departures, principally due to retirements, into opportunities to, on the one hand, develop new
research activities aimed at giving CPT an increased international visibility, and, on the other
hand, strengthen the teams which already had a strong international visibility, but whose sizes had
remained sub-critical.
CPT Management
Due to the important size of the CPT, it is obviously not possible to consider a mode of management involving directly all the permanent staff members. Therefore, the important issues (financial
repartition, scientific policy, permanent and non permanent positions, general informations,...) are
discussed within the Conseil de Laboratoire, which meets on the average about eight times a year.
Important informations (ANR or university calls, post-doc offers, seminars,...) are transmitted by
e-mail. Five commissions (calls for visiting positions, CPT computer systems, CPT library, communication, and relations between research and administrative staffs) are in charge of making proposals
when required.
Seminars at CPT
There are three principal seminars running on a regular, weekly, basis, namely:
a seminar on Fundamental Interactions
a seminar on Statistical Physics and Condensed Matter
a seminar on Classical and Quantum Dynamics.
Since 2008, and following a recommendation of the previous scientific report, a monthly seminar of
general interest, directed towards a large CPT audience, is being organized.
In addition, a one-day meeting of the laboratory is organized every year at the beginning of Spring.
During this meeting, each team shortly presents one of its ongoing research projects. This meeting
is put under the chairmanship of a distinguished external scientist, who closes the afternoon session
with a general colloquium.
14
There exist also joint seminars and a colloquium organized with the two mathematical laboratories
of Marseille, which take place in the framework of the FRUMAM.
Finances
During the period 2006-2009, the financial resources of the laboratory came principally, on the one
hand, from the regular amounts provided by the four partner institutions, and, on the other hand,
from project fundings provided by public research agencies (ANR, CEE,...). On the average, the
corresponding budget of the laboratory varied in the range between 650,000 and 750,000 =
C HT per
year.
Computing infrastructure
On a day-to-day basis, the activities at CPT strongly rely on its computer resources (mailing, internet,...). CPT maintains and runs its own network (wired and wireless) as well as several servers.
The demand for computing resources has increased during the last years. The laboratory has been
equipped with a PC cluster of 32 nodes, and a 16 cores computer (financed by CNRS and U2 in the
first case, and by CNRS and U1 in the second case). While these cover a substantial part of the
computing needs of the CPT teams, certain activities, like lattice QCD, in order to remain competitive, need to access computer resources which are beyond the possibilities of the laboratory, and
which must be satisfied by requesting access to national facilities, like the French supercomputing
infrastructure provided by GENCI and the CNRS IDRIS facility.
In 2008, the Computer Department of CPT has been recognized as Centre de Traitement Automatisé
de l’Information by CNRS.
Documentary resources
Access to documentary resources is an essential component of the scientific activity of the laboratory.
CPT manages its own research library, whose catalog displays more than 17,000 entries, and which
also possesses an important number of scientific journals. Thanks to the completion of a documentary
tree during this quadrennial period, the CPT library now provides online access to more than 500
journals.
Teaching and diffusion of knowledge
The university employees of CPT are strongly involved in the teaching activities at the Licence and
Master levels, in physics or in mathematics, in their respective universities. They often hold the
responsibilities for the teaching programs. Several CNRS researchers also participate to the teaching activities, mainly at the Master level. Several trainees, from secondary school pupils to Master
students, are trained by the CPT members every year.
Members of CPT are also present in scientific events aimed at a wide audience, or in the media, in France or abroad. Since 2002, CPT takes part in a one-day meeting with secondary school
teachers, organized by the Rectorate of the Aix-Marseille Academy. CPT members also regularly
make presentations in the secondary schools of Marseille or of its surroundings.
15
Involvement in the local and national administration of research and higher education
Members of CPT are involved in many ways in the local administration of the universities. For
instance, CPT has representatives in the Administrative Councils of two partner universities, U2
(P. Chiappetta and S. Lazzarini) and USTV (C.-A. Pillet), as well as in the Scientific Council of
the University of Toulon (P. Briet). Since 2009, the Vice-Presidency of the Scientific Council of the
University of the Meditereenean is held by a member of CPT (P. Chiappetta), who was previously
Dean of the Faculty of Sciences of Luminy and Vice-President in charge of inter-universitary issues.
Members of CPT belong to the scientific councils of the departments to which the laboratory pertains to, the UFR “Sciences de la Matière” (U1), the Faculty of Sciences of Luminy (U2), and the
UFR “Sciences et Techniques” (USTV).
At the national level, CPT is represented in section 02 of CoNRS (T. Martin), and in section
29 of CNU (S. Lazzarini and P. Taxil). Several members of CPT have also acted as experts for the
AERES, in particular by chairing evaluation committees (M. Knecht and C. Rovelli). Presently, another CPT member (J.-M. Barbaroux) is vice-president of the French Mathematical Society (SMF).
As in the past, CPT maintains the tradition of a strong involvement in the administration of research
and higher education, at the local and at the national levels.
2. Le CPT : présentation générale
(résumé en français)
Ce chapitre donne une présentation générale du Centre de Physique Théorique
(UMR 6207), et résume les chapitres qui suivent pour ce qui concerne les aspects ayant trait au personnel, aux activités et à la production scientifique, à
l’organisation du laboratoire, aux ressources financières, aux contributions à la
diffusion de la connaissance scientifique, et à l’implication de ses membres dans
les instances locales et nationales de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur.
Une brève histoire du CPT
Le Centre de Physique Théorique (CPT) existe en tant qu’Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR 6207)
avec trois tutelles universitaires, l’Université de la Méditerranée (Aix-Marseille II), l’Université de
Provence (Aix-Marseille I) et l’Université du Sud Toulon-Var, et le CNRS depuis le 1er janvier
2004. Mais l’histoire du laboratoire remonte au début des années soixante, lorsqu’un groupe de
physique théorique fut fondé à la Faculté de Saint-Charles, en centre-ville. Quelques années plus
tard, ce groupe s’installa sur le campus Joseph-Aiguier, et devint une Unité de Recherche Propre du
CNRS (UPR 7061), avant de rejoindre le campus de Luminy en 1978. Depuis lors, trois membres
du laboratoire (parmis lesquels deux anciens directeurs du CPT) ont exercé la fonction de Doyen
de la Faculté des Sciences de Luminy. L’un d’eux est actuellement Vice-Président du Conseil Scientifique de l’Université de la Méditerranée. Des membres du laboratoire furent également à l’origine,
par exemple, de la création du Département de Mathématiques de l’Université de Toulon, ou du
laboratoire de Physique Théorique (aujourd’hui UMR 5152) à Toulouse.
Avec deux laboratoires de mathématiques de Marseille, l’Institut de Mathématiques de Marseille
(IML, UMR 6206) et le Laboratoire d’Analyse, Topologie et Probabilités (LATP, UMR 6632), le
CPT est membre fondateur de la Fédération de Recherche des Unités de Mathématiques de Marseille
(FRUMAM, FR 2281), créée en 2002 par le CNRS et les trois universités marseillaises, rejointes
par la suite par l’université de Toulon, et dont la direction est assurée par un membre du CPT.
Le laboratoire est également membre fondateur de la Fédération nationale de Recherche sur la
Fusion par Confinement Magnétique (FR-FCM ITER), créée en 2005 par le CNRS, le CEA et six
établissements dans la perspective de l’installation du programme ITER sur le site de Cadarache, à
une cinquantaine de kilomètres au Nord de Marseille. De plus, le CPT est Laboratoire de Recherche
Conventionné (LRC) avec le CEA de Cadarache depuis 2006, et poursuit une collaboration avec des
membres de l’IRFM (Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion Magnétique) dans le cadre d’un programme
scientifique financé par l’organisation EURATOM depuis 2003 et par des financements ANR.
Bien que ses activités étaient à l’origine principalement centrées sur la physique mathématique
(mécanique quantique, théorie quantique des champs, mécanique statistique, algèbres d’opérateurs,
géométrie différentielle,...), le CPT a rapidement développé des activités de recherche dirigées vers
17
18
CHAPTER 2. LE CPT : PRÉSENTATION GÉNÉRALE (RÉSUMÉ EN FRANÇAIS)
des questions fondamentales en physique des particules et, par la suite, en nanophysique, en gravité
quantique ou en cosmologie, par exemple. Au sein de cette même évolution, les compétences acquises
dans l’étude des systèmes dynamiques ont trouvé de nouvelles applications dans d’autres domaines
(contrôle du chaos dans divers systèmes physiques, parmi lesquels la physique des plasmas de fusion,
ou la biologie et l’immunologie). Plus récemment, les activités en physique statistique développent
une ligne de recherche en direction de l’étude des réseaux complexes, qui est porteuse de nombreuses
applications interdisciplinaires (vers l’épidémiologie, mais également vers les sciences sociales, par
exemple).
Les équipes de recherche du CPT
Pendant longtemps, les activités scientifiques du CPT étaient organisées selon, d’abord quatre,
puis trois grands groupes thématiques, Interactions Fondamentales, Physique Statistique et Matière
Condensée, Systèmes Dynamiques Classiques et Quantiques. Depuis le 1er janvier 2008 le CPT
est structuré en 10 équipes de recherche qui couvrent un large spectre de thématiques en physique
théorique et en physique mathématique1 :
- E1 Physique des Particules
(Resp. : Laurent Lellouch ; nombre effectif de permanents : 3)
Mots clés : théorie des particules élémentaires, physique des saveurs, violation de CP , QCD non
perturbative, y compris QCD sur réseau.
- E2 Géometrie, Physique, et Symétries
(Resp. : Robert Coquereaux ; nombre effectif de permanents : 5,5)
Mots clés : théorie des représentations, groupes quantiques, théorie des champs conforme, géométrie
symplectique, géométrie non commutative, supersymétrie.
- E3 Cosmologie
(resp. : Pierre Taxil ; nombre effectif de permanents : 2)
Mots clés : cosmologie théorique, analyse de données cosmologiques, énergie sombre, matière noire.
- E4 Gravité Quantique
(Resp. : Carlo Rovelli ; nombre effectif de permanents : 3)
Mots clés : modèles de mousse de spins, gravité quantique à boucles, trous noirs quantiques, relativité générale, philosophie des sciences.
- E5 Physique Statistique
(Resp. : Senya Shlosman ; nombre effectif de permanents : 3,17)
Mots clés : transitions de phase, resultats rigoureux, systèmes complexes et leurs applications multidisciplinaires.
- E6 Nanophysique
(Resp. : Thierry Martin ; nombre effectif de permanents : 3,5)
Mots clés : transport dans les systèmes mésoscopiques, spintronique électronique et moléculaire,
information quantique.
1
Le nombre effectif de permanents appartenant à une équipe est calculé en appliquant la règle de l’AERES : les
chercheurs CNRS comptent chacun pour 1, les enseignants chercheurs pour 0,5, hormis les membres de l’IUF, qui
sont également comptés pour 1. Dans le cas d’une appartenance à plusieurs équipes, la fraction correspondante a été
retenue.
19
BRIOLLE
Françoise
CHIAPPETTA
Pierre
MCF Promu HC 09/2009, CNU 61
PREX Promu 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, VPCS U2
CREPIEUX
Adeline
DUVAL
Christian
PR1
Promu 09/2008, HDR, CNU 29
GRIMM
Richard
PR1
LAMBERT
André
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
LAZZARINI
Serge
MCF
Promu HC 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, membre CNU 29, membre CA U2
MARTIN
Thierry
PR1
Promu 09/2004, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, membre CoNRS 02
OGIEVETSKY
Oleg
PR2
HDR, CNU 29
PEREZ
Alejandro
PR2
Promu 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, membre junior IUF, CNU 29
PETTINI
Marco
PR1
ROVELLI
Carlo
SOCCORSI
Eric
Recr. 12/2008, HDR, CNU 29
PREX Promu 09/2006, HDR, PEDR, membre senior IUF, CNU 29
MCF CNU 26
TROUBETZKOY Serge
PR2
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, affectation partagée IML
ZAGREBNOV
Valentin
PR1
Promu 09/1999, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
DEVILLARD
Pierre
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
FLORIANI
Elena
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
IOCHUM
Bruno
PR1
KRAJEWSKI
Thomas
MCF
CNU 29
LEONCINI
Xavier
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
MARINONI
Christian
PR2
Promu 09/2008, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, membre junior IUF
SCHÜCKER
Thomas
PR1
TAXIL
Pierre
PR1
Promu 09/2003, HDR, CNU 29, membre CNU 29
TRIAY
Roland
PR1
VIREY
Jean-Marc
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
ASCH
Joachim
MCF
Promu HC 09/2005, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
BARBAROUX
Jean-Marie
MCF
BRIET
Philippe
PR1
Promu 09/2007, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, membre CS USTV
GANDOLFO
Daniel
MCF
Promu HC 09/2008, HDR, PEDR, CNU 26
GHEZ
Jean-Michel
MCF
Promu HC 09/2007, CNU 26
LANNEAU
Erwan
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
LEOPOLD
Elie
MCF
HDR, CNU 26
PANATI
Annalisa
MCF
ROULEUX
Recr. 04/2009, CNU 25
Claude-Alain PREX Promu 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, membre CA USTV
Michel
MCF Promu HC 09/2003, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
VAIENTI
Sandro
PR1
Promu 09/2002, HDR, PEDR, CNU 26, dir. FRUMAM
BARRAT
Alain
DR2
Promu 10/2009, arr. 09/2008, HDR, CoNRS 02
CHANDRE
Cristel
CR1
Promu 10/2006, HDR, CoNRS 02
CHARLES
Jérôme
CR1
Promu 10/2003, CoNRS 02
COQUEREAUX Robert
DR2
FERNANDEZ
Bastien
CR1
GIRARDI
Georges
DR2
JONCKHEERE
Thibaut
CR1
KNECHT
Marc
DR2
Promu 10/1996, HDR, CoNRS 02, directeur du CPT dep. 01/2002
LELLOUCH
Laurent
DR2
RECH
Jérôme
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 02
RUIZ
Jean
DR2
SHLOSMAN
Senya
DR1
SPEZIALE
Simone
CR2
Recr. 10/2008, CoNRS 02
TASSI
Emmanuele
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 04
VITTOT
Michel
CR1
PILLET
Figure 2.1: Liste nominative des chercheurs permanents du CPT, ainsi que leur grade actuel. La dernière
colonne indique la date de promotion ou de recrutement, les mentions HDR et PEDR le cas échéant,
les sections d’appartenance au CNU ou au CoNRS, ainsi que d’autres responsabilités ou distinctions.
20
- E7 Théorie Ergodique
(Resp. : Sandro Vaienti ; nombre effectif de permanents : 1,5)
Mots clés : billards, théorie de Teichmüller, propriétés statistiques de systèmes dynamiques.
- E8 dynamique Non Linéaire
(Resp. : Marco Pettini ; nombre effectif de permanents : 7)
Mots clés : contrôle du chaos, modélisation de systèmes physiques et biologiques, physique des plasmas, physique atomique et physique des lasers.
- E9 Dynamique Quantique et Analyse Spectrale
(Resp. : Philippe Briet ; nombre effectif de permanents : 2,67)
Mots clés : description mathematique de systèmes physiques, analyse fonctionnelle, analyse spectrale, équations aux dérivées partielles, équations aux différences finies, théorie des champs constructive.
- E10 Phénomènes Collectifs et Systèmes Hors Equilibre
(resp. : Claude-Alain Pillet ; nombre effectif de permanents : 2,17)
Mots clés : description mathématique de systèmes physiques, systèmes quantiques ouverts, condensation de Bose-Einstein, localisation d’Anderson, effet Hall quantique.
Bien que les activités de recherche soient définies au niveau des équipes, la structuration précédente
en termes de trois groupes conserve une certaine utilité. D’abord, elle fournit une manière plus
efficace de distribuer une partie des ressources financières du laboratoire. Ensuite, les groupes
constituent un espace naturellement propice à faire émerger des interactions entre équipes, par
exemple par l’organisation de séminaire communs (voir également plus bas).
Le personnel du CPT
Le personnel de recherche permanent du laboratoire (voir le tableau sur la page précédente qui donne
une liste nominative par établissement d’appartenance, U2, U1, USTV, et CNRS) résulte d’une composition équilibrée de 51 personnels des quatre tutelles du laboratoire : 15 ensignants chercheurs (10
PR, dont un avec une affectation partagée avec l’IML, et 5 MCF) de l’Université Aix-Marseille II,
l’établissement de rattachement principal, 10 de l’Université Aix-Marseille I (5 PR et 5 MCF), 11
de l’Université du Sud Toulon-Var (3 PR et 8 MCF), et 15 chercheurs du CNRS (7 DR et 8 CR). A
ceux-ci s’ajoutent 4 Professeurs Emerites et 2 Directeurs de Recherche Emerites. Trois Professeurs
affectés au CPT sont membres de l’Institut Universitaire de France (IUF).
Selon la règle de comptage de l’AERES (voir note au bas de la page 18), le nombre effectif de
chercheurs permanents du CPT est de 34,5 équivalents temps-plein.
Le personnel administratif et technique du laboratoire se compose de 5 agents CNRS. Ces personnels ne sont pas affectés à des équipes particulières, mais dans les trois services communs du
laboratoire, placés sous l’autorité du directeur :
- le service administratif et financier, dirigé par un Ingénieur d’Etude, assisté de deux Techniciens;
- le service informatique, composé d’un Ingénieur d’Etude qui gère le réseau informatique de l’unité;
- le service de documentation de l’unité, composé d’un Assistant Ingénieur, qui dirige la bibliothèque
de recherche du laboratoire (dont le catalogue comporte plus de 17000 titres).
Au 1er juin 2010, le CPT accueille également 5 chercheurs post-doctorants et 36 doctorants.
21
L’organigramme complet du laboratoire est présenté à la fin de la première partie du chapitre 3.
Production scientifique
La production scientifique du laboratoire au cours de la période 2006 - 2009 comprend 400 articles
parus dans plus de 100 revues internationales avec comité de lecture différentes. Ce nombre important de revues reflète la diversité des thèmes de recherche en physique théorique et en physique
mathématique développés au sein des équipes du laboratoire. De plus, les membres du CPT ont
présenté leurs travaux dans plus de 300 conférences, ateliers, colloques ou autres rencontres scientifiques, nationales ou internationales. La production scientifique complète est présentée dans le
chapitre 15, selon la classification préconisée par l’AERES. Un résumé sous forme de tableau se
trouve sur la page suivante, il donne également la répartition par équipes.
Selon les critères de l’AERES, et compte tenu de quelques situations particulières liées à des personnes exerçant de lourdes charges administratives, environ 95% des 51 personnels chercheurs et
enseignants chercheurs en activité du laboratoire sont «publiants».
Principaux oblectifs du projet 2008 - 2011 du CPT
Les principaux objectifs exprimés par le CPT pour le quadriennal 2008 - 2011 étaient de « développer
des activités de recherche dans les domaines de la compréhension des interactions fondamentales, de
la modélisation de phénomènes physiques, et de l’interprétation de données expérimentales », en y
incluant leurs aspects mathématiques.
◦ Dans le domaine des interactions fondamentales, l’arrivée de S. Speziale sur un poste CR2 du
CNRS a renforcé l’équipe de Gravité Quantique (E4) qui, bien que toujours d’une taille légèrement
sous-critique en termes d’effectifs permanents, a réussi à maintenir une position de tout premier plan
au niveau international.
◦ L’équipe de Dynamique Non Linéaire (E8) a bénéficié des arrivées de X. Léoncini, membre du
laboratoire PIIM jusqu’à fin décembre 2007, de M. Pettini, recruté comme Professeur de l’Université
de la Méditerranée en 2008, et d’E. Tassi sur un poste de CR2 du CNRS en 2009. Ces recrutements
ont permis de développer les collaborations avec, d’une part, les physiciens l’Institut de Recherche
sur la Fusion Magnétique (IRFM) du CEA de Cadarache (où l’installation d’ITER a débuté entretemps) sur divers aspects théoriques relatifs aux processus physiques qui se déroulent au cœur d’un
plasma de fusion et, d’autre part, de conduire à leur terme des projets avec des équipes de biologistes
du campus de Luminy, et d’en démarrer de nouveaux.
◦ L’équipe de Physique Statistique (E5) a été affaiblie par le départ à la retraite de Directeurs de
Recherche CNRS, et par le départ de deux membres permanents CNRS, un Directeur de Recherche et
un Chargé de Recherche, pour un laboratoire de mathématiques, le LATP. L’arrivée, en 2008, de A.
Barrat, un expert de classe internationale dans le domaine de de la dynamique des réseaux complexes,
a fourni une très bonne opportunité de développer une direction de recherche nouvelle, qui porte en
son sein un potentiel important d’applications interdisciplinaires (par exemple, en épidémiologie, ou
vers les sciences sociales). Afin de permettre à cette nouvelle activité de se déployer rapidement, un
poste de Maître de Conférences avait été mis au concours au titre de la campagne d’emplois 2009,
mais a malheureusement été supprimé par la suite.
◦ L’interface entre physique et mathématiques a été renforcée par l’arrivée de A. Panati, une
jeune mathématicienne de talent qui a obtenu son doctorat au Département de Mathématique de
l’Université Paris XI à Orsay. Elle a été recrutée comme Maître de Conférences à l’Université of
Toulon en 2009, et travaille, au sein de l’équipe de Dynamique Quantique et d’Analyse Spectrale (E9),
sur la construction rigoureuse de modèles de théorie des champs, et sur l’étude de leurs propriétés
mathématique.
22
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
[3]
[5,5]
[2]
[3]
ACL
26
49
55
68
26
ACLN
0
0
0
0
ASCL
0
0
0
INV
12
18
ACTI
15
COM
E6
E7
E8
[1,5]
[7]
33
19
52
34
35
3
400
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
4
1
0
10
6
4
0
0
0
0
51
8
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
1
7
69
14
23
31
14
4
9
6
39
27
23
0
190
AFF
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
OS
1
2
1
12
4
0
2
3
1
7
0
33
OV
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
DO
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
4
AP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
PP
4
17
9
19
2
2
8
1
2
10
1
75
[3,17] [3,5]
E9
E10
DIV
TOT
[2,67] [2,17] [0,5]
[34,5]
Figure 2.2: Résumé quantitatif des publications scientifiques du CPT pour la periode 2006 - 2009,
selon la classification de l’AERES et une répartition par équipes : E1=Physique des Particules ;
E2=Geometrie, Physique et Symétries ; E3=Cosmologie ; E4=Gravité Quantique ; E5=Physique Statistique ; E6=Nanophysique ; E7=Théorie Ergodique ; E8=Dynamique Non Linéaire ; E9=Dynamique
Quantique et Analyse Spectrale ; E10=Phénomènes Collectifs et Systèmes Hors Equilibre. Les nombres
qui figurent sous le numéro de chaque équipe indiquent le nombre effectif de permanents correspondant.
Pour plus de détails, voir le chapitre 15.
23
◦ J. Rech, recruté sur un poste CR2 du CNRS en 2009, a rejoint l’équipe de Nanophysique
du CPT (E6). Ses compétences dans le domaine des fortes corrélations en matière condensée en
général, comme dans le domaine des systèmes mésoscopiques en particulier, renforce cette équipe
dans plusieurs thématiques, parmi lesquelles le transport électronique dans les systèmes mésoscopiques hybrides (points quantiques avec des connexions métalliques ou supraconductrices), les
modèles d’impuretés quantiques et la physique du type effet Kondo, ainsi que les propriétés des
systèmes de basse dimensionnalité (liquides de Luttinger et au-delà).
◦ Au cours des huit dernières années, la physique des particules au CPT (E1) a subi une
perte d’effectif importante, liée principalement aux départs à la retraite de cinq de ses membres,
tous chercheurs CNRS. De plus, deux membres ont réorienté leur activité de recherche vers la
cosmologie. Bien que l’équipe ait été en mesure de maintenir une excellente activité de recherche
dans les domaines de la physique des saveurs et des aspects non perturbatifs de la QCD à basse
énergie, la nécessité de développer de nouveaux projets, orientés en direction des activités, liées aux
programmes de physique du LHC (ATLAS et LHC-b) des équipes expérimentales du CPPM (Centre
de Physique des Particules de Marseille, CNRS-IN2P3 et Université de la Méditerranée) voisin, s’est
fait ressentir fortement. Le recutement de B. Gripaios sur un emploi de Professeur de l’Université
de la Méditerranée en 2010, avec un profil de recherche en physique au-delà du modèle standard,
constitue une première étape dans cette direction. La décision du Président de l’Université de la
Méditerranée de faire bénéficier ce recutement du dispositif de Chaire d’Excellence devrait contribuer
à développer rapidement cette nouvelle activité de recherche dans le futur.
La mise en œuvre de la politique scientifique, au cours de ce quadriennal et du précédent, a donc
consisté à transformer ce qui de prime abord pouvait constituer une difficulté, à savoir de nombreux
départs, surtout à la retraite, en des opportunités pour, d’une part, développer de nouvelles activités
de recherche, dans le but d’accroître la visibilité internationale du CPT, et, d’autre part, de renforcer
les équipes dont la visibilité internationale était déjà forte, mais la taille sous-critique.
Management du CPT
Compte tenu de la taille importante du CPT, il n’est clairement pas possible d’envisager un mode de
management qui impliquerait directement l’ensemble des personnels permanents du laboratoire. Par
conséquent, les questions importantes (répartition des crédits, politique scientifique, postes permanents ou temporaires, informations générales,...) sont discutées au sein du Conseil de Laboratoire,
qui se réunit en moyenne huit fois par an. Des informations importantes (appels d’offre pour l’ANR
ou les universités, les emplois post-doctoraux, les séminaires,...) sont diffusées par courriel. Cinq
commissions (longs séjours, informatique, bibliothèque, communication, relations ITA chercheurs)
sont chargées de faire des propositions le cas échéant.
Les séminaires au CPT
Trois séminaires principaux sont organisés de manière régulière sur une base hebdomadaire, à savoir
un séminaire d’Interactions Fondamentales
un séminaire de Physique statistique et de Matière Condensée
un séminaire de Dynamique Classique et Quantique.
Depuis 2008, et suite à une recommandation du précédent Comité Scientifique, le laboratoire organise
également un séminaire d’intérêt général mensuel, à destination de l’ensemble des membres du CPT.
De plus, chaque année le laboratoire organise une journée du CPT. Au cours de cette rencontre,
chauqe équipe présente l’un de ses projets de recherche en cours. cette journée est placée sous le
patronage d’une personnalité scientifique extérieure, qui clot la rencontre par un séminaire de type
colloquium.
24
Les membres du CPT organisent également des séminaires communs avec les deux laboratoires de
mathématiques de Marseille, dans le cadre de la FRUMAM.
Finances
Au cours de la période 2006-2009, les ressources financières du laboratoires provenaient principalement, d’une part, des crédits récurrents des quatre tutelles du laboratoire, et, d’autre part, de
financements sur projets obtenus auprès de diverses agences publiques (ANR, CEE,...). En moyenne,
le budget annuel correspondant du laboratoire se situe dans une fourchette comprise entre 650 000
et 750 000 =
C HT.
Infrastructure informatique
Pour son activité quotidienne, le laboratoire est fortement tributaire de ses ressources informatique
(messagerie, internet,...). Le laboratoire gère et assure la maintenance de son propre réseau (câble et
sans fil) et de plusieurs serveurs. La demande en moyens de calcul a augmenté au cours des dernières
années. Ainsi, le laboratoire a acquis une grappe de PC de 24 nœuds et un quadriprocesseur de 16
nœuds (grâ ce à un cofinancement CNRS et U2, dans le permier cas, et CNRS U1 dans le second
cas). Si ces acquisitions couvrent une part substantielle des besoins en calculs des équipes du CPT,
certaines activités, pour rester compétitives, comme la QCD sur réseau, nécessitent des moyens an
calcul qui dépassent les possibilités du laboratoire et qui doivent donc être satisfaites en ayant recours à des moyens nationaux, comme les infrastructures de calcul intensif proposées par le GENCI
ou l’IDRIS.
Le système d’information du CPT a été labellisé Centre de Traitement Automatisé de l’Information
en 2008.
Ressources documentaires
L’accès à des ressources documentaires est une composante essentielle pour l’activité scientifique du
laboratoire. Le CPT possède une bibliothèque de recherche dont le catalogue fait état de plus de
17 000 titres, et qui met également à disposition des chercheurs de nombreuses collections de revues
scientifiques. La mise en place, au cours du quadriennal, d’un arbre documentaire permettant l’accès
électronique en ligne à plus de 500 revues.
Enseignement et diffusion de la connaissance scientifique
Les enseignants chercheurs du CPT sont fortement impliqués dans les enseignements, au niveau
des cursus de Licence et de Master, en physique et en mathématiques, dans leurs établissements
universitaires respectifs. Ils assurent fréquemment la responsabilité des enseignements concernés.
Quelques chercheurs CNRS participent régulièrement aux enseignements, essentiellement au niveau
Master. Plusieurs stagiaires, depuis des élèves de lycée aux étudiants de Master, sont accueillis au
laboratoire chaque année.
Les membres du CPT interviennent également dans des évènements scientifiques destinés au grand
public, ou dans les medias, en France ou à l’étranger. Le CPT participe chaque année depuis 2002
à la journée d’accueil des enseignants du secondaire, organisée par le Rectorat de l’Académie d’AixMarseille. Les membres du CPT interviennent régulièrement dans les lycées et les écoles de Marseille
ou de la région.
25
Implication au niveau local et national dans l’administration de la recherche et
de l’enseignement supérieur
Des membres du CPT sont présents dans de nombreuses instances universitaires. Ainsi, le CPT
est représenté dans les Conseils d’Administration de deux établissements universitaires de tutelle,
U2 (P. Chiappetta et S. Lazzarini) et USTV (C.-A. Pillet), ainsi que dans le Conseil Scientifique
de l’Université de Toulon (P. Briet). Depuis 2009, la Vice-Présidence du Conseil Scientifique de
l’Université de la Méditerranée est assurée par un membre du CPT (P. Chiappetta), qui auparavant
exerçait la fonction de Doyen de la Faculté des Sciences de Luminy et celle de Vice-Président chargé
des Relations Interuniversitaires. Des membres du CPT siègent dans les conseils scientifiques des
composantes auxquelles le laboratoire est rattaché, l’UFR Sciences de la Matière (U1), la Faculté
des Sciences de Luminy (U2), et l’UFR Sciences et Techniques (USTV).
Sur le plan national, le CPT est représenté par un membre dans la section 02 du CoNRS (T.
Martin), et par deux membres (S. Lazzarini et P. Taxil) dans la section 29 du CNU. Plusieurs membres du CPT ont participé aux travaux d’évaluation de l’AERES, notamment en tant que présidents
des comités de visite (M. Knecht et C. Rovelli). La vice-présidence de la Société Mathématique de
France est actuellement assurée par un membre du CPT (J.-M. Barbaroux).
Comme par le passé, le CPT perpétue la tradition d’une implication importante dans la gestion
et l’administration de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur, tant sur le plan local que national.
3. Scientific activities
This chapter presents the scientific aspects of the research activities developed at
CPT. It begins with a descritption of the CPT permanent research staff and its
organization into research teams. The quantitative and qualitative assessment
of the scientific production during the period 2006 - 2009, including a discussion of interdisciplinary aspects, is addressed next, followed by the description
of the main objectives of the 2008 - 2011 laboratory project, and of the actions
undertaken in order to meet them. Finally, aspects related to scientific animation, teaching and diffusion of knowledge, and popularization of science are also
described.
3.1
Organization of the research activities
As of June 1st 2010, CPT counts 56 permanent members, 6 Emeritus Professors or Emeritus Research
Directors (4+2), 36 PhD students, and 5 post-doctoral fellows. To those, one has to add several
short-term visiting scientists, so that on the average a total number of around one hundred people is
at work in the laboratory.
The CPT permanent research staff
The CPT permanent research staff counts 51 people and is a balanced composition of employees
of the four partner institutions on which the laboratory directly depends. As of June 1st 2010,
this corresponds to 15 university faculties (10 Professors, one being shared with the Institut de
Mathématiques de Luminy, and 5 Maîtres de Conférence) from the University Aix-Marseille II, the
principal university partner, 10 from the University Aix-Marseille I (5 Professors and 5 Maîtres de
Conférence), 11 from the University of Toulon (3 Professors and 8 Maîtres de Conférence), and 15
CNRS researchers (7 Research Directors and 8 Chargés de Recherche).
A significant fraction (about one quarter) of the CPT permanent research staff is of foreign origin
(mainly from Italy, Germany, and Russia) or has started its academic career abroad.
More than 80% of the active research staff is habilitated to supervise the work of doctoral students
(Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches, HDR, or equivalent). 17 university teachers out of 36 currently benefit from the PEDR (Prime d’Encadrement Doctoral et de Recherche)
Three members of the CPT are fellows of the Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), C. Rovelli,
Professor at the Université de la Méditerranée, as a senior fellow since 2004 (renewed in 2009), A.
Perez, Professor at the Université de la Méditerranée, and C. Marinoni, Professor at the Université
de Provence, as junior fellows since 2008 and 2009, respectively. Both A. Perez and C. Marinoni
have been promoted Professors, in 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Before 2004, the CPT had never been represented at the Institut Universitaire de France. The
27
28
CHAPTER 3. SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES
presence of three CPT members at IUF is therefore, among others, a direct and visible outcome of
the scientific policy that has been implemented during the last eight years.
As on January 1st 2010, the mean age of the 51 active scientists of the CPT is just below 49 years,
while the median age is of 53 years. For comparison, in 2006 there were 56 active scientists at the
CPT, the mean age was about the same, 48 years, while the median age was 50 years. It is also
of interest to know these figures for the employees of each institution separately (with the figures
corresponding to 2006 between parentheses):
University of the Mediterranean: 15(16) EC, 53y(49y), 53y(49y)
University of Provence: 10(11) EC, 47y(45y), 42y(38y)
University of Toulon: 11(14) EC, 49y(48y), 53y(50y)
CNRS: 15(15) C, 45y(48y), 40y(50y)
One notices a rather important rejuvenation of the CNRS research staff, due to several retirements
and mobilities towards other laboratories, replaced in part by young Chargés de Recherche. There
was less turnover in the university staff members, where recruitments occured both at the Professor
and Maître de Conférence levels.
The table on the next page gives the list of the present permanent research staff of the CPT. For the
university employees, it also indicates to which section of the CNU (Conseil National des Universités)
they belong. For the CNRS researchers, the section of the CNRS National Committee (CoNRS)
by which they are evaluated is given. The laboratory itself depends on the Institute of Physics of
CNRS (INP), and is part of the laboratories followed by the sections 02 (as principal section) and
01 (as secondary section) of the CoNRS.
Non permanent researchers
As of June 2010, 5 post-docs and 36 PhD students are also working at CPT. During the last four
years, many foreign scientists have been visiting the CPT for periods ranging from a few weeks to
several months. This was made possible mainly through the Invited Professorships at the three
universities, and the CNRS guest scientist positions. In some cases, guests scientists came to CPT
with their own funding. Among the prominent scientists that were guests at CPT during the period
2006-2009, one may mention, Prof. C. Bernard (Washington Univ., St-Louis), Dr. N. Deruelle
(APC, Paris) Prof V. Jaksic (Mc Gill Univ.), Prof. G. B. Lesovik (Landau Inst.), Prof. T. Morrison
(Univ. of Texas, Austin), Prof. A. Ocneanu (Penn State U.), Prof. S. Sharpe (Washington Univ.,
Seattle), Prof. P. Streda (Academy of Sciences, Prag), Prof. J. Yngvason (Univ. of Vienna), Prof G.
Zaslavsky (Courant Inst.). It should also be mentioned that Prof. A. Ashtekar (Penn State Univ.),
who has since long continuous scientific ties with the Quantum Gravity team of the CPT, will be
awarded the Honoris Causa Doctorate Degree of the Université de la Méditerranée in November
2010, following a proposal made by CPT.
The CPT administrative and technical staff (ITA)
The administrative and technical staff counts 5 persons, all CNRS employees. None of them is
directly assigned to a particular research team. Their activities are organized within three departments, under the direct authority of the CPT Director:
- The Administrative and Financial Department, headed by an Engineer assisted by two Technicians
3.1. ORGANIZATION OF THE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
BRIOLLE
Françoise
CHIAPPETTA
Pierre
CREPIEUX
Adeline
DUVAL
Christian
PR1
GRIMM
Richard
PR1
LAMBERT
André
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
LAZZARINI
Serge
MCF
Promoted HC 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, member CNU 29, member CA U2
MARTIN
Thierry
PR1
Promoted 09/2004, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, member CoNRS 02
OGIEVETSKY
Oleg
PR2
HDR, CNU 29
PEREZ
Alejandro
PR2
Promoted 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, IUF junior member, CNU 29
PETTINI
Marco
PR1
ROVELLI
Carlo
SOCCORSI
Eric
MCF Promoted HC 09/2009, CNU 61
PREX Promoted 09/2009, HDR, CNU 29, VPCS U2
Recr. 12/2008, HDR, CNU 29
PREX Promoted 09/2006, HDR, PEDR, IUF senior member, CNU 29
MCF CNU 26
TROUBETZKOY Serge
PR2
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, affiliation shared with IML
ZAGREBNOV
Valentin
PR1
Promoted 09/1999, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
DEVILLARD
Pierre
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
FLORIANI
Elena
MCF
HDR, CNU 29
IOCHUM
Bruno
PR1
KRAJEWSKI
Thomas
MCF
CNU 29
LEONCINI
Xavier
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
MARINONI
Christian
PR2
Promoted 09/2008, HDR, PEDR, CNU 29, IUF junior member
SCHÜCKER
Thomas
PR1
TAXIL
Pierre
PR1
Promoted 09/2003, HDR, CNU 29, member CNU 29
TRIAY
Roland
PR1
VIREY
Jean-Marc
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 29
ASCH
Joachim
MCF
BARBAROUX
Jean-Marie
MCF
BRIET
Philippe
PR1
Promoted 09/2007, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, member CS USTV
GANDOLFO
Daniel
MCF
GHEZ
Jean-Michel
MCF
Promoted HC 09/2007, CNU 26
LANNEAU
Erwan
MCF
HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
LEOPOLD
Elie
MCF
HDR, CNU 26
PANATI
Annalisa
MCF
ROULEUX
Recr. 04/2009, CNU 25
Claude-Alain PREX Promoted 09/2009, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25, member CA USTV
Michel
MCF Promoted HC 09/2003, HDR, PEDR, CNU 25
VAIENTI
Sandro
PR1
Promoted 09/2002, HDR, PEDR, CNU 26, dir. FRUMAM
BARRAT
Alain
DR2
Promoted 10/2009, arr. 09/2008, HDR, CoNRS 02
CHANDRE
Cristel
CR1
CHARLES
Jérôme
CR1
Promoted 10/2003, CoNRS 02
COQUEREAUX Robert
DR2
FERNANDEZ
Bastien
CR1
GIRARDI
Georges
DR2
JONCKHEERE
Thibaut
CR1
KNECHT
Marc
DR2
Promoted 10/1996, HDR, CoNRS 02, CPT director since 01/2002
LELLOUCH
Laurent
DR2
RECH
Jérôme
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 02
RUIZ
Jean
DR2
SHLOSMAN
Senya
DR1
SPEZIALE
Simone
CR2
Recr. 10/2008, CoNRS 02
TASSI
Emmanuele
CR2
Recr. 10/2009, CoNRS 04
VITTOT
Michel
CR1
PILLET
29
Figure 3.1: Nominative list of the CPT permanent research staff members with their current positions.
The last coloumn gives the date of promotion to the current position or the date of hiring, indicates
HDR and PEDR when applicable, CNU or CoNRS sections, and other responsabilities or distinctions.
30
- The Computer Department, consisting of one computer Engineer, who runs and maintains the
computer network of the laboratory
- The Documentation Department, consisting of one Assistant Engineer, who runs the CPT research
library and provides the CPT researchers with access to documentary resources.
The CPT research teams
The research activities developed at CPT nowadays cover a wide spectrum of topics, ranging from
the study of fundamental interactions to the study of complexity in various situations. For quite
some time, these activities were organized according to first four, then three broad thematic groups:
i) Fundamental Interactions
ii) Statistical Physics and Condensed Matter
iii) Classical and Quantum Dynamical Systems
Since January 1st 2008, the laboratory has adopted a structuration into 10 well identified and more
focused research teams, which, when taken together, cover a wide spectrum of topics in theoretical
and mathematical physics1 :
- E1 Particle Physics (Team leader: Laurent Lellouch)
keywords: theory of elementary particle physics, quark flavour physics, CP violation, non perturbative QCD, including lattice QCD;
Effective staff: 3;
- E2 Geometry, Physics, and Symmetries (Team leader: Robert Coquereaux)
keywords: representation theory, quantum groups, conformal field theory, symplectic geometry, non
commutative geometry, supersymmetry;
Effective staff: 5.5;
- E3 Cosmology (Team leader: Pierre Taxil)
keywords: theoretical cosmology, analysis of cosmological data, dark energy, dark matter;
Effective staff: 2;
- E4 Quantum Gravity (Team leader: Carlo Rovelli)
keywords: spin foam models, loop quantum gravity, quantum black holes, general relativity, philosophy of sciences;
Effective staff: 3;
- E5 Statistical Physics (Team leader: Senya Shlosman)
keywords: phase transitions, rigorous results, complex systems and their multidisciplinary applications;
- E6 Nanophysics (Team leader: Thierry Martin)
keywords: transport in mesoscopic systems, electronic and molecular spintronics, quantum information;
1
The effective staff of each team is determined according to the AERES rule: CNRS researchers are counted as 1,
university teachers as 0,5, except for IUF members, which are counted as 1. In the case someone belongs to several
teams, she/he is counted according to the corresponding fraction. The nominative list of staff members, with the
corresponding percentage of membership, can be found in the short descriptive at the beginning of the scientific
report of each individual team, see Chapters 5 - 14.
3.1. ORGANIZATION OF THE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
31
- E7 Ergodic Theory (Team leader: Sandro Vaienti)
keywords: billiards, Teichmüller theory, statistical properties of dynamical systems;
- E8 Non Linear Dynamics (Team leader: Marco Pettini)
keywords: controle of chaos, modelization of physical and biological systems, plasma physics, atomic
and laser physics;
Effective staff: 7;
- E9 Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis (Team leader: Philippe Briet)
keywords: mathematical description of physical systems, fonctional analysis, spectral analysis, partial differential equations, finite difference equations, constructive quantum field theory;
- E10 Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems (Team leader: Claude-Alain
Pillet)
keywords: mathematical description of physical systems, open quantum systems, Bose-Einstein condensation, Anderson localization, quantum Hall effect;
The previous structuration into three groups retains some usefulness for the internal working of the
laboratory. First, it provides a more efficient way to distribute some of the laboratory’s financial
resources, avoiding a split-up into too many small amounts, for instance. Second, the groups provide
a natural framework where inter-team interactions can be fostered. This happens in the case of the
regular weekly seminars, which are organized at the group level, or also in the case of the proposals
for inviting guest scientists, which are first discussed within each group. On the other hand, the ten
research teams reflect the actual structuration of the research activities. This structuration provides
a much better visibility of the latter’s richness and diversity, and, on a practical level, it has certainly
helped to increase the success rate to calls, like those of the ANR or from the EEC, which in general
are intended for more focused and more specific scientific projects.
The organization diagram of CPT with the administrative staff and the research teams is presented
on the next page.
Gravité quantique
(C. Rovelli, PR0)
Nanophysique
(T. Martin, PR1)
Cosmologie
(P. Taxil, PR1)
Phénomènes collectifs quantiques
et systèmes hors équilibre
(C.-A. Pillet, PR0)
Dynamique quantique
et théorie spectrale
(P. Briet, PR1)
Dynamique non linéaire
(M. Pettini, PR1)
Physique statistique
(S. Shlosman, DR1)
Géométrie, Physique
et Symétries
(R. Coquereaux, DR2)
Resp. : M. Vittot (CR1)
Systèmes dynamiques
classiques et quantiques
Théorie ergodique
(S. Vaienti, PR1)
Resp. : D. Gandolfo (MCF)
Physique statistique
et matière condensée
Equipes de recherche
Service documentation et bibliothèque
Resp. : E. Bernardo (AI)
Service informatique
Resp. : V. Bayle (IE2)
Physique des particules
(L. Lellouch, DR2)
Resp. : L. Lellouch (DR2)
Interactions fondamentales
Directeur-Adjoint
S. Lazzarini (MCF)
Directeur
M. Knecht (DR2)
Service administratif et financier
Resp. : B. Guarnieri (IE2)
V. Esposito (TCN)
M. H. Monjol (TCN)
Organigramme du Centre de Physique Théorique UMR 6207
32
3.2. SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION
3.2
33
Scientific production
The scientific production of the laboratory for the period 2006 - 2009 consists first of 400 articles
published in about 100 different peer-reviewed international journals. This corresponds to an average publication rate of about 2 articles per permanent member per year (about two-thirds of the
permanent research staff are university employees with teaching duties, and about one quarter are
mathematicians, belonging to the Sections 25 and 26 of the CNU).
In addition, the CPT members have presented their results in more than 300 national and international conferences, workshops, symposia and scientific meetings, and have given numerous seminars
in many laboratories in France and abroad. About half of these conference presentations were followed by a publication in the proceedings.
A full list of the scientific production of the CPT teams for the period 2006 - 2009 is provided
in Chapter 15.
According to the AERES criteria, and taking into account the context defined by the situation
of a few individuals burdened with heavy administrative duties, about 95% of the 51 active CPT
research staff members are to be considered as “publishing” (publiants).
The high number of target journals for the CPT publications mirrors the variety of topics in theoretical and mathematical physics under investigation at CPT. A coarse classification of this production
can be made according to the three main types of scientific activities: theoretical and applied physics,
mathematical physics, and pure and applied mathematics. Among the journals with highest impact
and visibility where the scientific results obtained by the CPT teams were published, one can distinguish
• in physics: Nature Physics, Nature, and Science (1 article in each), Physical Review Letters (22
articles), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (2 articles) Physical Review Series B (23
articles), D (29 articles), and E (8 articles), Classical and Quantum Gravity (24 articles), Astronomy
& Astrophysics (42 articles), The Astrophysical Journal (19 articles);
• in mathematical physics: Communications in Mathematical Physics (10 articles), Journal of Statistical Physics (12 articles), Journal of Physics A (20 articles), Journal of Mathematical Physics (20
articles);
• in pure and applied mathematics: Journal of Functional Analysis (6 articles), Duke Mathematical
Journal (2 articles), Annales de l’Institut Fourier (2 articles).
About 62% of these 400 articles are published in more than 50 physics journals. The high number of
publications in A&A and ApJ reflects the presence of CPT, though the Cosmology team (E3), in the
collaborations VVDS and zCOSMOS, two experimental projects in observational cosmology with
a strong involvement of teams from the Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) and the
Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM). The remaining articles are almost equally
shared between mathematical physics journals (20% of the production) and purely mathematical
journals (18% of the production).
Two aspects of this production are worth being given a particular emphasis, because they reflect the
appearance of new research themes at CPT (in what follows, the article numbers in [green] refer to
34
the publication list given in Chapter 15):
First, the occurence of two publications in biology journals, one in Leukemia Research [ACL288] in
2006, on the statistical analysis of the expression of genes, and one that has just appeared (as of
June 2010) in Journal of Immunology [PP062], on a dynamical model of allelic exclusion in VD(J)
recombination in T-cell receptors. These articles, co-authored with biology teams of the Luminy
campus, are visible results of the efforts undertaken for many years to establish fruitful scientific
collaborations with the neibourghing immunology and biology laboratories.
Second, the recent articles published in journals like Nuclear Fusion, Physics of Plasmas illustrate
the efforts undertaken to consider issues more directly connected with the preoccupations of fusion
plasma physics, and which will open new collaboration possibilities with the Institut de Recherche
sur la Fusion Magnétique (IRFM) of the CEA in Cadarache, with which solid and fruitful ties exist
for many years (see e.g. [ACL279], [ACL293], [ACL304], [ACL322]), but also with the Laboratoire
de Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM, see [ACL295]) on the northern campus
of Saint-Jérôme.
Since 2006, CPT is Laboratoire de Recherche Conventionné (LRC) with the CEA in Cadarache.
This constitutes a formalized partnership, materialized through a contract and a funding by the
EURATOM organization.
3.3
Scientific highlights
After these general considerations, both quantitative and qualitative, concerning the scientific production of the CPT teams, one may identify a few publications which, although recent, have already
had a very strong impact at the international level:
◦ The article on Ab initio determination of the light hadron masses [ACL021] of the Particle Physics
team (E1, L. Lellouch, J. Frison, G. Vulvert), published in Science 322, 1224 (2008) presents results
on the lattice QCD calculation of the spectrum of light hadron masses obtained with unprecedented
accuracy and control of the systematic uncertainties. This work was realized within an international
collaboration consisting of scientists in Berlin-Zeuthen, Wuppertal and Marseille (the BMW Collaboration). It has immediately received world wide acknowledgement. In an article published in
Nature2 , Nobel Laureate F. Wilczek refers to it as “a milestone paper”. The journal Science3 has
retained the BMW article in its list of ten “Breakthroughs of the Year” in 2008. D. Gross, another
Nobel laureate, has included these results in his presentation at the international conference QCD:
The Modern View of the Strong Interactions,4 held in Berlin in 2009. The results obtained by the
collaboration were also announced by a CNRS press release on Nov 20, 2008,5 and were mentioned
in the CNRS Scientific Report 2008, released in July 2009.6
◦
In a ground-breaking paper [ACL139] published in Physical Review Letters 97, 151301 (2006)
by the CPT Quantum Gravity team (E4, C. Rovelli), a new technique for solving a long standing
problem in quantum gravity was introduced. This paper and a sequel [ACL131], published in Classical and Quantum Gravity 23, 6989 (2006), have raised a very strong interest in the corresponding
2
F. Wilczek, Nature vol. 456, 449 (2008)
Science 322, 768 (2008)
4
https://indico.desy.de/materialDisplay.py?contribId=1&sessionId=0&materialId=slides&confId=1766
5
http://www2.cnrs.fr/presse/communique/1466.htm
6
http://www.cnrs.fr/fr/organisme/docs/espacedocs/cnrs_2008_rs_fr.pdf
http://www.cnrs.fr/en/science-news/docs/year_2008_scientific-report.pdf
3
3.4. MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE 2008 - 2011 CPT PROJECT
35
scientific community. In a News and Views article that has appeared in Nature Physics, vol. 2,
725 (2006), Prof. A. Ashtekar, from Penn State University, the world-leading scientist in the field,
mentions “a conceptual framework that bridges Planck-scale quantum geometry to large-scale continuum physics” and “opens the door for more ambitious calculations of scattering amplitudes from
first principles”.
◦
Within an international collaboration, the CPT Cosmology team (E3, C. Marinoni) has been
involved in the development of a new technique allowing to discriminate between various possible
physical causes which could explain the origin of the cosmic acceleration (modifications of general
relativity, new cosmic source,...). This work [ACL098], published in Nature 451, 541 (2008), was
announced by a joint CNRS-ESO press release7 on January 30, 2008. In an article that appeared in
Nature 451, 531 (2008), Prof. M. A. Strauss, from the University of Princeton, writes “the technique
described by this paper shows that redshift surveys will be even more powerful than was hoped in
constraining the nature of the puzzling phenomena of cosmic acceleration”.
◦
In an article [ACL367] published in Communications in Mathematical Physics 265, 721 (2006)
by the CPT team of Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems (E10, C.-A. Pillet), a
proper mathematical justification of linear response theory for non-equilibrium steady states (NESS)
was provided. This work has led to an invitation for a presentation [COM168] at the prestigious
International Congress of Mathematical Physics, held in Rio de Janeiro in August 2006.
◦ In an article [ACL219] published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, 10511
(2009), the CPT statistical physics team (E5, A. Barrat) has used the framework of complex networks to analyse social bookmarking websites, and has found evidence for an underlying semantic
network of keywords, that users uncounciously follow when choosing sets of keywords. A better comprehension of the mechanisms at work in these websites could lead to the elaboration of practical
means to counter the phenomenon known as spamdexing.
3.4
Main objectives of the 2008 - 2011 CPT project
The main objectives expressed by CPT for the 2008 - 2011 quadrennial period were “to develop
research activities in the fields of the understanding of fundamental interactions, of modelization of
physical phenomena, and of the interpretation of experimental data”, including their mathematical
aspects. In addition, the report from the previous scientific committee mentioned several strong
recommendations:
- to increase the number of permanent staff members of the Particle Physics (E1) and of the
Nanophysics (E6) teams,
- to be extremely selective in recruitements for the Quantum Gravity (E4) team,
- to rejuvenate the Statistical Physics (E5) team, and to anticipate the retirement of the scientist in
charge (R. Dos Anjos Lima) of the Nonlinear Dynamics (E8) team
- to strengthen interdisciplinary fields
There was also a specific recommendation formulated by the Office of the Ministry of Research
and Higher Education in charge of evaluating the research units (before the creation of AERES):
- to organize a reflection in order to examine how some research themes in mathematics developed
at CPT could be integrated into IMATH, the newly created second laboratory of mathematics at
7
http://www2.cnrs.fr/presse/communique/1278.htm
http://www.hq.eso.org/public/news/eso0804
36
the University of Toulon.
These objectives and recommendations have been addressed through several actions:
◦ In the field of fundamental interactions, the arrival of a CR2 researcher hired by CNRS in 2008,
S. Speziale, formerly post-doctoral fellow at the Perimeter Institute (Canada), has strengthened
the Quantum Gravity (E4) team, which, although still of a slightly sub-critical size in terms of
permanent staff, has succeeded in maintaining a world-class leadership.
◦ The team of Nonlinear Dynamics (E8) benefited from the arrival of X. Leoncini (MCF at the Université de Provence, and formerly at the Laboratoire Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires, PIIM), of M. Pettini as a Professor of Université de la Méditerranée in 2008, in replacement
of R. Lima (former scientist in charge of the team) a CNRS Research Director who retired in 2009,
and, in 2009, of E. Tassi (CR2-CNRS). This has allowed, on the one hand, to further develop the
collaborations with the physicists of the Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion Magnétique (IRFM)
from the CEA in Cadarache (where the installation of ITER has begun in the meantime) on various
theoretical aspects of physical processes occuring inside a fusion plasma, and, on the other hand,
to complete existing and to start new projects with the biologists of the Luminy campus. In the
meantime, the team has also invested new fields where the theoretical techniques and knowledge
gained in the field of non linear systems could find applications (hydrodynamics, laser and atomic
physics).
◦ The team on Statistical Physics (E5) has been weakened by the retirement of two CNRS Research
Directors, while two CNRS staff members, one Research Director and one CR1, have moved to
the mathematics laboratory LATP. The arrival, in 2008, of A. Barrat, a world-class expert on the
dynamics of complex systems, offered a very good opportunity to develop a new research direction,
with an important potential for interdisciplinary applications (for instance, in epidemiology or in the
social sciences). A Maître de Conférences position aimed at allowing for a rapid development of this
activity had been opened by the Université de Provence in 2009, but was, unfortunately, cancelled
afterwards. As of June 1st 2010, the issue concerning this position is still pending.
◦ The interface between mathematics and physics has been strengthened by the arrival of A. Panati,
a young talented mathematician who got her PhD at the Mathematics Department of the University
Paris XI - Orsay. She was hired as a Maître de Conférences at the University of Toulon in 2009, and is
currently working, within the Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis team (E9), on the rigourous
construction of quantum field theory models, and the study of their mathematical properties.
◦ J. Rech, who was hired on a CNRS CR2 position in 2009, joined the Nanophysics (E6) team.
His
background on strong correlations in theoretical condensed matter physics, both in bulk condensed
matter and in mesoscopic systems, brings further strength to this team on several specific topics.
Among these, the electronic transport through hybrid mesoscopic devices (quantum dots connected
to metallic and superconducting leads), quantum impurity models and Kondo-type physics, as well
as properties of low-dimensional systems (Luttinger liquids and beyond).
◦ During the last eight years, the research in particle physics at CPT has suffered severe losses, due
principally to the retirements of five of its members, all CNRS researchers. Furthermore, two former
particle physicists have reoriented their research activities towards the fields of cosmology. While
the team (E1) was able to maintain an excellent research activity in the field of flavour physics and
of non perturbative aspects of QCD at low energies, the need to develop new projects, more centered
3.5. INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH ACTIVITY
37
towards the activities of the experimental teams of the neighbouring CPPM (Centre de Physique des
Particules de Marseille, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université de la Méditerranée) linked to the LHC physics
program (ATLAS and LHC-b) was strongly felt. The hiring of B. Gripaios on a Professor position
of the Université de la Méditerranée in 2010, with a research profile on physics beyond the standard
model, will provide a first step in this direction. The decision of the President of the Université de
la Méditerranée to link this hiring with an “Excellency Chair” offers very good prospects for a rapid
development of this new research activity in the near future.
◦ Concerning the interaction with the IMATH laboratory of Toulon University, significant progress
has been achieved. First, concrete effort have been made in order to improve the relationship between
CPT and IMATH, including mutual consultation before some recruitement. Second, some research
themes of interest for the two laboratories have been identified (partial differential equations and
their applications, interface between mathematics and physics, quantum information,...) and will be
developed jointly.
The implementation of the scientific policy, during this quadrennial period and the previous one, has
thus consisted in transforming what could initially be considered as a drawback, namely numerous
departures, principally due to retirements, into opportunities to, on the one hand, develop new
research activities aimed at giving CPT an increased international visibility, and, on the other
hand, strengthen the teams which already had a strong international visibility, but whose sizes had
remained subcritical.
3.5
Interdisciplinary aspects of the research activity
Considerations related to interdisciplinarity have also been given a growing attention in the shaping
of the scientific policy of the laboratory, and they are fully part of the 2008 - 2011 laboratory
project. Research activities with interdisciplinary aspects were therefore developed in direction of
several scientific fields, and often in close collaborations and interactions with other laboratories of
the Aix-Marseille area:
◦ in direction of mathematics:
The development of a strong interface between theoretical physics and mathematics is a traditional
characteristic feature of CPT. It manifests itself through
- the presence, among the CPT permanent staff, of 11 employees of the University of Toulon (USTV)
(to which one should add 2 Emeritus Professors) belonging to the Mathematics Department of USTV,
and to the sections 25 and 26 of the CNU; they develop collaborations with physicists and other
mathematicians, either at the local level (LATP and IML), or at the national and international level;
- the participation, as a founding member, of CPT to the activities of FRUMAM, the Research
Federation of Mathematics Units of Marseille (FR2291); CPT members are involved in the direction
of FRUMAM (S. Vaienti, since January 2001), in the animation of working groups, in the organization of a regular colloquium in mathematics and of other scientific events (workshops, conferences,
thematic meetings,...);
◦ in direction of biology:
Establishing fruitful scientific contacts with the biology teams on the campus of Luminy is a process
that has extended over several years, mainly because of the necessity to find both common grounds
of interest, and to develop a common language. But this process has led to active collaborations, and
to common publications with teams from CIML (Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille Luminy) and
TAGC (Technologies Avancées pour le Génome et la Clinique). In 2008, a new project, on the char-
38
acterization of long-range attraction forces between biomolecules, was started. CPT has provided
a financial contribution (40,000 euros obtained from Université de la Méditerranée), and 2 PhD
students from CPT are currently working on the project, both on its theoretical and experimental
aspects.
◦ in direction of the physics of hot plasmas:
For many years now, there has been an active collaboration between members of CPT and researchers
of IRFM at the CEA in Cadarache, mainly centered on the control of hamiltonian chaos in tokamak
plasmas. This collaboration is financed each year by a CEA/EURATOM grant since 2003.This
partnership has been formalized in 2006, when CPT became Laboratoire de Recherche Conventionné
(LRC) with CEA in Cadarache. CPT is also a founding member of the National Research Federation
FCM-ITER (Fusion par Confinement Magnétique - ITER), that was created by CEA, CNRS, and
six French institutions in order to organize the participation of French laboratories and research
teams to the ITER program. In addition, CPT has developed international collaborations on certain
theoretical aspects of the physics of fusion plasmas with foreign institutes (for instance, the Institute
for Fusion Studies at the University of Texas in Austin, Saint-Michael’s College, the Politecnico di
Torino, the University of Firenze,...);
◦ in direction of experimental programs in fundamental science:
- in particle physics, CPT maintains links with the experimental groups of CPPM (Centre de
Physique des Particules de Marseille), a IN2P3 laboratory with theams involved in several international programs in particle physics, in particular in the LHC experiments ATLAS and LHC-b;
the hiring of B. Gripaios on a Professor position of the Université de la Méditerranée in 2010, with
a research profile on physics beyond the standard model, will further develop interactions with the
LHC groups at CPPM;
- in cosmology, CPT provides a theoretical support to the programs in observational cosmology
(characterization of dark energy and of dark matter) in which the teams from CPPM and from
LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) are involved; thus, CPT has a representative (C.
Marinoni) in the zCOSMOS and VVDS collaborations;
◦ in direction of nanosciences:
The laboratory keeps on developing a theoretical research activity (transport properties, quantum
noise, electronic and molecular spintronics, quantum interferences,...) towards the physics of mesoscopic systems and nano-objects (quantum dots, organic molecules,...) in relation with experimental
groups at the national or international level; at the regional level, the laboratory takes part in the
activities of the C’NANO - PACA network;
◦ in direction of new fields:
- the knowledge developed by the laboratory in the domain of nonlinear dynamics has found applications in other fields of physics: in hydrodynamics, or in atomic and molecular physics (double
ionization of atoms and molecules in strong laser beams);
- a new activity concerning the study of complex networks that has been started recently carries a
strong potential for interdisciplinary applications, in direction of health issues (epidemiology) or the
social sciences (social networks).
Three other initiatives are worth being mentioned in the present context:
i) in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 the Nanophysics team (E6) has organized a one-day meeting Journée
marseillaise de nanophysique 8 aiming at bringing together researchers, both experimentalists and
8
http://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/˜jonckheere
3.5. INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF THE RESEARCH ACTIVITY
39
theoreticians, from local (IN2MP, CINaM, C-Nano-PACA) and national (Paris, Grenoble, Lyon)
laboratories or organizations, that share common scientific interests on various aspects of the physics
of nano-objects;
ii) in 20069 and in 200810 the Nonlinear Dynamics team (E8) has organized a one-day symposium
called IlLuminyating Atoms and Molecules, devoted to the study of atoms and molecules in external
electromagnetic fields in the classical, semi-classical, and quantum setting;
iii) since more than ten years ago, and together with other laboratories (PIIM, IRPHE, IRFM), the
Nonlinear Dynamics team (E8) organizes each year several one-day meetings Journée de Dynamique
Non Linéaire11 bringing together experimentalists and theoreticians of the Marseille area around
physical topics related to nonlinearity: hydrodynamics, plasma physics, dynamical systems, ergodic
theory,...
Finally, it should also be mentioned that the CPT teams participate to a certain number of Groupements de Recherche (GDR):
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
GDR2060, DYNAMO (E8)
GDR2426, Physique Quantique Mésoscopique (E6)
GDR2876, Groupement de recherche Franco-Italien GREFI-MEFI (E5, E7, E9, E10)
GDR2921, Physique Subatomique et Calculs sur Réseau (E1)
GDR2949, Phénomènes Hors d’Equilibre et Non-Linéaires PHENIX (E8)
GDR2984, Dynamique et Contrôle des Ensembles Complexes DYCOEC (E8)
GDR3196, Centre de Compétences en Nanosciences et en Nanotechnologies C’NANO-PACA (E6)
GDR3262, Terascale (E1, E2)
GDR3274, Dynamique Quantique (E9, E10)
GDR3340, Renormalisation : Aspects Algébriques, Analytiques et Géométriques (E2)
In summary, the interdisciplinary research activities of CPT have led the laboratory’s teams to
develop active (i.e. with commom publications during the period 2006 - 2009) collaborations with
the following laboratories on the Aix-Marseille or regional level (the numbers in [green] refer to the
articles of the publication list given in Chapter 15):
• Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille Luminy (CIML, UMR 6102, Aix-Marseille II, Luminy)
[ACL288], [PP062]12
• Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM, UMR 6550, Aix-Marseille II, Luminy)
[ACL037],[ACL085], [ACL093], [ACL094], [ACL112], [ACL122]
• Institut de Mathématiques de Luminy (IML, UMR 6206, Aix-Marseille II, Luminy)
[ACL263], [ACL264]
• Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion Magnétique (IRFM, CEA, Cadarache)
[ACL279], [ACL293], [ACL304], [ACL322]
• Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM, UMR 6110, Aix-Marseille I, Château-Gombert)
[ACL076] - [ACL084], [ACL086] - [ACL092], [ACL096] - [ACL099], [ACL101] - [ACL111], [ACL113]
- [ACL121], [ACL123] - [ACL130]
• Laboratoire d’Analyse, Topologie, Probabilité (LATP, UMR 6632, Aix-Marseille I, Château-Gombert)
[ACL258], [ACL264], [ACL269], [ACL288]
• Laboratoire de Mécanique, Modélisation et Procédés Propres (M2P2, UMR 6181, Aix-Marseille III,
9
http://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/˜chandre/Illuminyating2006
http://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/˜chandre/Illuminyating2008
11
http://www.cpt.univ-mrs.fr/˜floriani/jdnl.html
12
Has in the meantime appeared in J. of Immunology (June 2010).
10
40
Château-Gombert)
[ACL279], [ACL280], [ACL293], [ACL322], [OS023], [ACTI050], [AP001]
• Laboratoire Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM, UMR 6633, Aix-Marseille
I, Saint-Jérôme)
[ACL295]
• Laboratoire Technologies Avancées pour le Génome et la Clinique (TAGC, INSERM U928, AixMarseille II, Luminy)
[ACL288]
Mathematics and mathematicians at CPT
A noteworthy particularity of CPT is undoubtly the presence of a large group of mathematicians,
mainly employees of the University of Toulon (7 belonging to CNU section 25, 4 to section 26), but
also of the University of the Mediterranean (1 CNU section 25, 1 section 26). This features a long
tradition of interaction between physics and mathematics developed at CPT. In this context, one
should also recall that the Department of Mathematics of the University of Toulon was created by
members of CPT decades ago.
The research topics of these mathematicians are strongly inspired by physical problems (spectral
analysis and mesoscopic systems, spectral analysis of magnetic quantum hamiltonians, operator algebras, out-of-equilibrium systems, open quantum systems, transport in disordered systems, statistical
properties of dynamical systems,...). Mathematicians are present in 4 of the CPT research teams:
Statistical Physics (E5), Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis (E9), Collective Phenomena and
Out-of-Equilibrium Systems (E10), Ergodic Theory (E7), and only this last team is composed of
mathematicians only. In addition, other teams (like E2, Geometry, Physics, and Symmetries, for
instance), although composed of physicists only, develop research activities oriented towards the
frontier with mathematics.
This important mathematical component of the laboratory justifies the CPT’s affiliation to FRUMAM, the Research Federation of the Mathematics Units of Marseille (FR 2281). The CPT members are strongly involved in the federative scientific activities between the three laboratories that
presently take part in this federation (scientific exchanges take place within several working groups,
through the organization of thematic meetings, of joint seminars, of a colloquium, of workshops and
conferences,...). Part of these activities also benefit from the availability, on the campus of Luminy,
of the CIRM (Centre International de Rencontres Mathématiques, UMS822). The members of CPT
regularly contribute to its conference program.
Last but not least, it is important to stress that the scientific environement provided by CPT makes
it possible to attract talented mathematicians, as guest scientists, but also on permanent positions.
3.6
Scientific animation
One of the concerns that was raised when the organization into research teams was introduced, was
allowing for occasions where the various teams could meet and discuss. Therefore, besides the more
specialized working groups mainly organized within the teams, it was decided to maintain research
seminars which address several at the level of the three groups. Therefore, there are three principal
seminars run on a regular, weekly, basis, namely
3.7. TEACHING AND DIFFUSION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
41
a seminar on Fundamental Interactions
a seminar on Statistical Physics and Condensed Matter
a seminar on Classical and Quantum Dynamics.
Since 2008, and following a recommendation of the previous evaluation committee, a regular seminar
of general interest, directed towards a large CPT audience, is being organized, at first at intervals
of six, and lately of four, weeks. This now monthly seminar is followed by a “goûter”, and usually
attracts a large audience inside CPT. In addition, a one-day meeting of the laboratory is organized
every year by the PhD students at the beginning of spring. During this meeting, each team shortly
presents one of its ongoing research projects. This meeting is placed under the chairmanship of a
distinguished external scientist (K. Gawedzki in 2008, B. Derrida in 2009, and J.-F. Pinton in 2010),
who closes the afternoon session with a general colloquium.
Besides these, the members of CPT organize, according to the needs, more specialized working
groups, that have a less permanent or less regular character. Also, the group structure is by no
means a hindrance to having seminars of interest to teams belonging to different groups. For instance, the seminar on Statistical Physics and Condensed Matter has regularly involved participants
(and invited speakers) from the teams E9 and E10.
There exist also joint seminars and a colloquium organized with the two mathematical laboratories of Marseille, which take place within the framework of the FRUMAM.
3.7
Teaching and diffusion of scientific knowledge
Teaching and administrative responsabilities
The university employees of CPT are strongly involved in the teaching activities at the three partner
universities, and at all levels of the Licence and Master programs in physics (Aix-Marseille I and
Aix-Marseille II) and in mathematics (USTV). Actually, they often are in charge of organizing these
teachings. Several CNRS researchers also participate to the teaching activities, mainly at the Master
level.
Many trainees, from secondary school pupils to Master students, are trained by CPT members
every year.
The members of CPT are also strongly involved in the local, national, and international administration of research and higher education. As of June 1st 2010, the situation in this respect is as
follows:
Aix-Marseille I University
Membership of the Council of the UFR Sciences de la Matière (X. Leoncini, P. Taxil) and Presidency
of its Research Committee (P. Taxil)
Membership of the Council of the UFR Mathématiques, Informatique et Mécanique and of its Research Committee (R. Triay)
Aix-Marseille II University
Membership of the Administration Council (P. Chiappetta, S. Lazzarini)
Vice-presidentship of the Scientific Council (P. Chiappetta)
42
Membership of the Council of the Faculté des Sciences de Luminy (C. Duval)
Toulon University
Membership of the Administration Council (C.-A. Pillet)
Membership of the Scientific Council (P. Briet)
Membership of the Council of the UFR Sciences et Techniques (P. Briet)
Precidency of the Committee for International Relations (S. Vaienti)
Regional level
Membership of the Steering Committee of IMERA, Institut Méditerranéen de Recherche Avancée (S.
Vaienti)
Representative of the Université Aix-Marseille II in the Strategic Committee of the Competitivity
Pole “Capenergies” (C. Chandre)
Membership of the Collectif Régional Andromède (S. Vaienti)
National level
Membership of the CNRS National Committee (CoNRS) (T. Martin)
Membership of the National University Council (CNU), Section 29 (S. Lazzarini, P. Taxil)
Participation to AERES Evaluation Committees (B. Iochum, M. Knecht, S. Lazzarini, C. Rovelli,
P. Taxil)
Vice-Presidency of the Société Mathématique de France (J.-M. Barbaroux)
International level
Membership of the National Scientific Selection Committee of ICREA, Spain (E. de Rafael)
Invited DOE (USA) Expert for a four year review of the theory divisions of DOE National Laboratories (L. Lellouch)
Coordination of a scientific delegation at the request of the Institut Français of Taipei (R. Coquereaux)
Membership of the Nominating Committee of the International Society in General Relativity and
Gravitation (C. Rovelli)
Membership of the International Bergmann-Wheeler Thesis prize Committee (C. Rovelli)
Membership of the Evaluation Panel (Physics) of the European Funding Projects FP7 (C. Chandre)
Membership of the Evaluation Panel of the Erasmus Mundus Program (EACEA) of the EC (C.
Chandre)
Membership of the Executive Board of the International Association for Mathematical Physics (C.A. Pillet)
Scientific Expertise for several foreign funding agencies or international programs (DOE, NSF, CONICYT, NRF, CAPES-COFECUB, Georgian National Science Fundation, Southern-European ERANet, INTAS,...)
Editorial Boards and Advisory Panels
Members of the CPT research staff take part in the refereeing process for most of the journals where
the scientific production of the laboratory is published. They are also members of several editorial
boards:
Physical Review D, Physical Review E, Classical and Quantum Gravity, Journal of Physics A,
Advances in Mathematical Physics, Nature, Journal of Statistical Physics, Nuovo Cimento B, Journal
3.7. TEACHING AND DIFFUSION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
43
of Statistical Mechanics, Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré Journal of Mathematical Physics,
Review of Mathematical Physics, Journal of Physics Studies, SIGMA, Communications in Nonlinear
Sciences and Numerical Simulations, Advanced Science Letters, News Bulletin of the International
Association for Mathematical Physics...
Doctoral and post-doctoral training
During the period 2006 - 2009, 33 PhD theses were completed at CPT, under the supervision of its
permanent members. Of these 33 PhD students, 2 found no job directly after the thesis, and for
1 student the situation is not known. The 30 remaining PhD students found a job immediately or
within a few months after their thesis defence. In the meantime, 5 of them have found a permanent
academic job, in France or abroad, and 3 have are being employed in the private sector.
At present, 36 PhD students are beinf trained at CPT.
Communication and popularization
Members of the CPT are involved in actions aiming at bringing scientific knowledge under a wider
audience. Among these, one may mention:
- the organization, each year since 2002, of a one-day meeting with secondary school teachers, in
partnership with the Rectorate of the Academy of Aix-Marseille;
- talks prerented in the primary and secondary schools of Marseille or its surroundings, or at the
occasion of broad audience scientific events like the Festival des Sciences;
- the writing of articles for encyclopaedia:
[OS002], [OS005], [OS006], [OS009], [OS017], [OS018], [OS019], [PP065] - [PP074];
- the participation to French or foreign radio programs or interviews: RFI (L. Lellouch, Dec.
2008), France Culture (C. Rovelli, Feb. 2008), Radio35 Scienza (C. Rovelli, Jan. 2009),...;
- the writing of articles or books on the history or philosophy of sciences:
[OV001], [OV002], [OV003], [OV004], [OV005], [OS008], [OS014], [OS016], [OS021].
Members of CPT are also present in scientific events aimed at a broad audience (Fête de la Science
2009 in Bandol, Festival della Letteratura 2009 in Rome,...) or are quoted in the press, national or
international (Corriere della Sera). Since 2002, CPT takes part in a one-day meeting with secondary
school teachers, organized in collaboration with the Rectorate of the Aix-Marseille Academy. CPT
members also regularly make presentations in the secondary schools of Marseille or of its surroundings.
4. Organization and resources
This chapter presents the administrative and organizational aspects of the research activities. It begins with a descritption of the CPT management, then
addresses financial, computer, and documentary resources. Finally, issues like
training programs or hygiene and security are addressed.
4.1
CPT management
Due to the important size of CPT, it is obviously not possible to consider a mode of management involving directly, say, all the permanent staff members. Therefore, the important issues (distribution
of financial resources, scientific policy, permanent and non permanent positions, general informations,...) are discussed within the Conseil de Laboratoire, which meets on the average about eight
times a year. It is composed of 14 members, the Director and the Deputy Director ex-officio, 6
elected representatives of the permanent members of the three research groups, 1 elected representative of the permanent administrative and technical staff, and 1 elected representative of the doctoral
students and post-doctoral fellows. The 4 additional members are appointed by the Director. Important information (ANR or university calls, post-doc offers, seminars,...) is announced by e-mail.
Five commissions (calls for visiting positions, CPT computer systems, CPT library, communication,
and relations between research and administrative staff) are in charge of making proposals when
required.
The administrative and technical staff is an important aspect of everyday management for a laboratory of the size of CPT. The three corresponding departments, Administration and Finances,
Computer System, and Documentation, provide, in their respective domains of competences, an
essential support to the research activities and to the running of the laboratory.
4.2
Finances
During the period 2006 - 2009, the financial resources of CPT came, on the one hand, from the
partner institutions, CNRS, Université de la Méditerranée, Université de Provence, and Université
du Sud Toulon-Var, and, on the other hand, from funding provided by public research agencies, at
the national (Agence Nationale de la Recherche) or international, mostly european, level.
At the institutional level, CNRS remains the main contributor. This is mainly due to the fact
that the CPT premises are located on three floors of a building categorized as IGH (Immeuble de
Grande Hauteur), which implies a certain number of constraints. Among these, the necessity of a
permanent 24/7 security station, the corresponding expenses (mainly salaries) being shared among
the laboratories hosted in the building.
45
46
CHAPTER 4. ORGANIZATION AND RESOURCES
2008
I. Crédits provenant des établissements de rattachement ou
partenaires de l'unité
Crédits
scientifiques
2009
Masse salariale
Crédits
scientifiques
Masse salariale
Université de la Méditerranée, incluant IUF,BQR,...
66 245
1 350 000
129 490
1 350 000
Université de Provence, incluant IUF,BQR,...
21 200
900 000
20 930
900 000
Université du Sud Toulon-Var, incluant IUF,BQR,...
18 400
990 000
28 406
990 000
304 413
1 670 000
306 500
1 658 000
410 258
4 910 000
485 326
4 898 000
CNRS, incluant crédits d'intervention, PEPS,...
Total
II. Crédits sur programmes, sur contrats ou opérations
particulières
II.1 Appels à projets internationaux
Programmes internationaux
Communauté européenne hors ERC
II.2 Appels à projets nationaux
Appels à projet ANR
Autres financements sur appels à projets nationaux EGID
(à préciser)
Fondation, association, hors appels d'offre nationaux
Pôles de compétitivité
Collectivités territoriales
autres
2008
2009
Montant
Montant
19 800
68 373
22 670
103 586
153 096
122 800
3 600
2 000
6 648
12 462
Total
260 379
2008
III. Budget consolidé
2009
5 580 637
2010
Montant
Expenses (previsions)
Library (journal subscriptions, books,...)
Computer system (maintenance, development, network conn.)
Travel allowances, invitations, seminars,...
Others (photocopying services, furniture, stationery,...)
Infrastructure costs
Personal costs (technicians)
Total
4 500
1 300
260 456
42 000
52 000
80 000
45 000
179 000
35 000
433 000
5 643 782
4.3. COMPUTER RESOURCES
47
In addition, CPT also benefits from funding from other sources: 5 ANR contracts, participation to
an EEC financed training network (FlaviaNET), 2 Marie-Curie grants, a CEA/EURATOM contract
with the IRFM-CEA in Cadarache. Three new ANR contracts will start in Fall 2010.
The table on the preceding page gives the breakup of the financial resources of CPT for the years
2008 and 2009. Below, the previsional expenses for the year 2010 are also shown for the resources
provided by the four partner institutions. As already mentioned, the infrastructure costs (including
cleaning, water, electricity) represent by far the most important entry.
The resources coming from other sources are spent according to the scientific projects that have
been financed. These expenses include, in particular, money for travelling and for invitations, as
well as salaries for post-docs.
4.3
Computer resources
On a day-to-day basis, the research activities at CPT strongly rely on its computer resources (mailing, internet,...). The staff of the CPT Computer Department consists of one engineer (V. Bayle)
on a full-time CNRS position.
CPT maintains and runs its own network (wired and wireless). The connection to the national
network RENATER occurs through a 100 megabites connection to the local network. Inside the
laboratory, the CPT computer department maintains a wired network. A wireless network, providing access to all computer resources, is also available to CPT members and guest scientists.
Data backups are done regularly, about once every working day.
User accounts and the mailing system, as well as several servers, are presently managed by the
CPT Computer Department. The demand for computing resources has increased during the last
years. The laboratory has equipped itself with a PC cluster of 24 nodes, and a 16 cores computer
(financed by CNRS and U2 in the first case, and by CNRS and U1 in the second case). While these
cover a substantial part of the computing needs of the CPT teams, certain activities, like lattice
QCD, in order to remain competitive, need to access computer resources which are beyond the possibilities of the laboratory, and which must be satisfied by requesting access to national facilities,
like the French supercomputing infrastructure provided by GENCI, and the CNRS IDRIS facility.
In 2008, the Computer Department of CPT has been recognized as Centre de Traitement Automatisé
de l’Information by CNRS. Furthermore, V. Bayle has taught 30 hours at the Master 1 level during
the academic year 2009-2010 (professionnal master Instrumentation et Sciences de l’Information et
des Communications).
4.4
Documentary resources
Acces to documentary resources in, mainly, physics and mathematics, is an essential aspect of the
scientific activity of the laboratory. Therefore, since its installation on the Luminy campus in 1978,
CPT manages its own research library, whose purpose is to provide the researchers, doctoral students
and visitors with a high quality documentary tool.
An important effort of modernization of the CPT library has been undertaken during the last
four years. Since March 2006, the library is equipped with an open source document management
system, which provides a certain number of online facilities. Among them, one may quote an online
catalog, with very detailed bibliographical notices, which provides a very efficient access to infor-
48
mation as to the library’s potential, a document booking service, individual user accounts, or a
documentary tree giving access to electronic resources. The online catalog, which displays about
17,000 titles (monographies, conference and scholl proceedings, theses,...) has substantially increased
the library’s visibility at the national and international levels. Since its installation, requests for the
library’s services from other institutions, even from abroad (CERN library, Grand Library of Stockholm,...) have become a common thing.
The library staff, composed of one CNRS employee with the Assistant Engineer qualification, works
in close collaboration with other libraries, in particular through the participation to several networks, MISTRAL-Doc at the regional level, RENATIS at the national level, and EUROBACK at
the European level. These collaborations have for instance led, through donations, to the acquisition
of 506 mathematics and physics books. Another outcome of these activities was the publication of
an article [ACLN005] on the evaluation indicators for scientific and technical information services.
The main purpose of this collaboration networks, however, is clearly to enlarge the documantary
resources the CPT researchers can have access to.
Unfortunately, the library had also to deal with a serious problem of massive book “disparitions”
(a test conducted during a period of three months in 2008 showed that the average disparition rate
was above two books per opening day!). This has led to restrictive measures, in particular access
to the library being granted only during the staff’s attendance hours. As way of compensating for
the inconvenience, the loan periods have been increased, and temporary personnel has been hired
to warrant access also during the permanent staff’s periods of absence.
Another constant and serious problem is due to the steady increase of the subscription rates of
journals. Over the years, this has induced regular cuts in the number of subscription. Presently, out
of the 286 journal collections available at the CPT library, only 36 correspond to running subscriptions. The documentary tree completed in 2009 by our librarian gives, however, online access to
the electronic versions of 579 scientific journals, mainly through national consortia like COUPERIN
(universities) or the CNRS INIST facility (Institut National de l’Information Scientifique et Technique).
Finally, the library also provides personalized assistance in locating books or articles, or on archive
deposits (on HAL, for instance). A specific training, for PhD students or interested users, on using
electronic resources or other research-finding aids, and on other available services (loans from other
libraries), is also proposed by the librarian. In this respect, it is noteworthy to mention that the
four temporary personals that were hired during the period 2006 - 2009 have all found a job after
they left the CPT library. Three of them have in the meantime been offered permanent positions as
librarians (one in Australia, two in Marseille). During the academic years 2006-2207 and 2007-2008
the librarian has also taught at the Licence 3 level at the Université Paul Cézanne (Aix-Marseille
III).
4.5
Training programs
The administrative and research staff of CPT have attended several training programs, organized
either by the CNRS (both at the local level, by the Délégation Régionale Provence et Corse, or
at the national level) or by the partner universities. Concerning the research staff, we shall only
mention training programs not directly related to the research activites (for instance, participation
to advanced schools in physics or mathematics will not be recorded).
4.5. TRAINING PROGRAMS
49
Administrative and technical staff
The administrative staff members of CPT have regularly followed training programs, most of the
time directly related to their professional activities. We give only the training information for the
staff members present on June 1st, 2010, and corresponding to the time they have spent at CPT
since 2006.
Administrative and financial department (B. Guarnieri, V. Esposito, M. H. Monjol)
• Journée nationale des entrants (1 day, CNRS, Paris, 2009) [MHM]
• NABUCO (1 day, Univ. Aix-Marseille II, Luminy, 2009) [BG,MHM]
• Formation BAP J (2×3 days, CNRS-DR04, Gif-sur-Yvette, 2009) [BG,MHM]
• Formation XLAB (2+2+3 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009) [MHM]
• Journée régionale d’accueil des nouveaux entrants (1 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009) [BG,MHM]
• Nouvelles procédures de dépenses (2 days, Univ. Aix-Marseille II, Luminy, 2009) [BG]
• JEFYCO (1 day, Univ. Aix-Marseille I, Marseille, 2009) [BG,MHM]
• Formation BAP J management (2 days, CNRS, Paris, 2009) [BG]
• Prendre la parole en public (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille) [BG]
• Ecole ENCRE (3 days, CNRS-INP, La Rochelle, 209) [BG]
• Contrats européens, de l’idée à la signature (3×1/2 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009) [MHM]
Computer department (V. Bayle)
•
•
•
•
Droit informatique (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2008)
JT-Siars : virtualisation et GLPI/Heartbeat/DRDB (2×2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2008)
VVT, réseau César (1 day, Marseille, 2008)
Manipulation d’extincteurs (1/2 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2008)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
JT-Siars : formation Ebios (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
JT-Siars : Ebios V2 (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
JT-Siars : SMSI cours (3 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
JT-Siars : SMSI TPs (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
ANGD Resinfo : architecture des ordinateurs (5 days, CNRS-DR14, Fréjus, 2009)
JT-Siars : aide à la détection des faiblesses d’un site web (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
Windows server 2008 (2 days, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2009)
Documentation and CPT library (E. Bernardo)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Rencontres 2006 des professionnels de l’IST (3 days, INIST Nancy, 2006)
Journée nationale des entrants (1 day, CNRS, Paris, 2006)
Journée régionale des nouveaux entrants (1 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2006)
Formation au logiciel libre PMB (3 days, PMB, Marseille, 2006)
Diffusion des documents : aspects juridiques (3 days, ENSSIB, Paris, 2006)
Archives ouvertes et revues en accès libre (1 day, URFIST, Nice, 2006)
Les logiciels libres : aspects juridiques (1 day, ADBS & IUT Charlemagne, Nancy, 2006)
Découverte des logiciels libres (1 day, Mairie de Montpellier, 2006)
Stage sur l’infométrie (1 day, URFIST, Nive, 2006)
• Animation d’un réseau (3 days, CNRS-DR??, Annecy, 2007)
• Rencontres 2007 des professionnels de l’IST (3 days, INIST, Nancy, 2007)
• Rencontre MISTRAL documentalistes (1 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2007)
50
• Logiciel PMB : perfectionnement (2 days, PMB, Marseille, 2007)
• Droit et code de déontologie au CNRS (1 day, ADBS, Paris, 2007)
• Anglais (33 hours, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2007)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Protocole OAI-PMH (1 day, CNRS-DR20, Nice, 2008)
Web 2.0 (1 day, CNRS-DR13, Sète, 2008)
Rencontres 2008 des professionnels de l’IST (3 days, INIST, Nancy, 2008)
Diffusion sélective de l’information (1 day, PMB, Marseille, 2008)
La pratique du blogue : WordPress (1 day, URFIST, Marseille, 2008)
Wikis : écrire et gérer l’information collaborativement (1 day, URFIST, Marseille, 2008)
Publier du contenu sur le web : blogs, wikis, CMS (1 day, URFIST, Marseille, 2008)
Les nouveaux outils en ligne : Web 2.0 (1 day, URFIST, Marseille, 2008)
• Protocole OAI-PMH (3 days, CNRS-DR12-DR20, Fréjus, 2008)
Research staff
• Journée régionale d’accueil des nouveaux entrants (1 day, CNRS-DR12, Marseille, 2008) [S. Speziale]
• Journée nationale des nouveaux entrants (1 day, CNRS, Paris, 2010) [J. Rech]
Several post-doctoral fellows and PhD students from abroad have benefited, during their stay at
the CPT, from the training program in French organized each year by the Délégation Régionale
Provence et Corse of the CNRS.
4.6
Hygiene and security
The laboratory conforms to the CNRS prescriptions as far as hygiene and security issues are concerned. The ACMO (Agent Chargé de la Mise en Œuvre des mesures d’hygiène et de sécurité) of the
laboratory is V. Bayle, who is also in charge of the Computer Department. He is in regular contact
with the departments of the CNRS Délégation Régionale and of the University of the Mediterranean
in charge of hygiene and security. He has followed the CNRS basic training before his appointment
as ACMO.
The laboratory takes up three floors of a building registered as Immeuble de Grande Hauteur (IGH),
to which a very specific security regulation apply. In particular, it entails the 24/7 presence of a
highly qualified security staff. The coordination at the level of the whole building, which also hosts a
mathematics laboratory (IML) and a biology institute (IBDML), is taken care of by a representative
of the Délégation Régionale of CNRS. At the level of the laboratory, the direct risks are minimal,
due to the type of activities that are developed (this needs not necessarily apply to the neighbouring
laboratories1 .
1
As often the case in these matters, “l’enfer, c’est les autres” (J.-P. Sartre, Huis Clos).
5. Scientific report of the Particle
Physics team
The particle physics team is headed by Laurent Lellouch (DR2) and is composed of the other
permanent researchers Jérôme Charles (CR1), Marc Knecht (DR2 and CPT director), Eduardo
de Rafael (DR1 emeritus) and until 2006, Jacques Soffer (DR1). During the last four years the
team has trained 8 PhD students and hosted 3 postdoctoral fellows. It has also hosted medium term
visitors (1 month or more), amongst which are Prof. Gernot Akemann (Brunel U,. U.K.), Prof. Claude
Bernard (Washington U., USA), Dr. Christian Hoelbling (U. Wuppertal, Germany), Dr. Irinel Caprini
(NIPNE, Romania), Prof. Stephen Sharpe (U. of Washington, USA).
The main focus of the particle physics team is to provide the theory for precision tests of the standard model (SM) in lower energy experiments. Recently,
much experimental effort has been dedicated to study the Cabibbo-KobayashiMaskawa (CKM, Nobel prize 2008) mechanism for the mixing of quark flavors
and for CP violation. The relevant theory requires contending with nonperturbative strong interaction effects, which we have strong evidence to believe are
described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD). At low energies, the coupling
constant of QCD becomes large, the physics becomes highly nonlinear and the
elementary quarks and gluons are confined into complicated bound state hadrons.
Thus, the efforts of the team are mainly devoted to the development and application of analytical and numerical approaches (chiral perturbation theory, large-Nc
limit, heavy-quark and soft-collinear effective theories, large scale numerical simulations,...) to provide a better understanding of these nonperturbative effects.
Since these same techniques are relevant for obtaining predictions at low energies
in models which go beyond the SM, we apply them there as well.
51
52
CHAPTER 5. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE PARTICLE PHYSICS TEAM
5.1
Electroweak interactions of
quarks
two orders of magnitude. It allows the analysis
of highly complicated physics systems that were
not possible before, as well as advanced statistical
Model-independent description of B → studies, such as frequentist coverage tests.
π`ν decays and |Vub |
C. Bourrely, L. Lellouch, I. Caprini (visitor)
d
lude
exc
1.5
excluded area has CL > 0.95
The CKMfitter project1 gathers eleven experimentalists (from major quark flavor experiments)
and two theorists in three countries. It aims to
perform as complete as possible analyses of CPviolating and flavor transitions in the SM and
beyond, with a comprehensive treatment of both
experimental and theoretical uncertainties in a
rigorous frequentist framework.
Our team has been playing a leading rôle
in developing a completely new approach to the
CKMfitter analysis software. Instead of using a
traditional, purely numerical, solution to the optimization process, we now first perform an exact and fully automated symbolic calculation and
simplification of the mathematical expressions of
the physical quantities in terms of the fit parameters, together with the corresponding formulae
for the gradients. This improves the numerical
cost of the full optimization procedure by at least
1
http://ckmfitter.in2p3.fr
1.0
∆md & ∆ms
5
0.9
J. Charles
L>
CP-violation and the CKM matrix
γ
at C
sin 2β
0.5
εK
η
Lattice QCD calculations of the form factor contributing to B → π`ν decays are constantly improving, but they are limited to a kinematic region in which the pion carries a relatively small
momentum in the B meson frame. Thus, we designed a new set of parametrizations which takes
into account all of the form factor’s analyticity
and unitarity properties, its scaling behavior in
QCD as well as dispersive constraints imposed
by the positivity of a two-point Green’s function [ACL023]. We were then able to find a representation whose systematic error is negligible over
the whole semileptonic domain. By performing a
combined fit to experimental and theoretical results, we obtained a competitive determination of
|Vub | whose precision will only increase as experimental and theoretical input improves.
0.0
−0.5
−1.0
γ
α
Vub
Vub
β
SL
α
τν
εK
CKM
γ
fitter
Beauty 09
−1.5
−1.0
∆md
α
−0.5
0.0
sol. w/ cos 2β < 0
(excl. at CL > 0.95)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
ρ
Figure 5.1: Constraints on the Wolfenstein parameters (ρ̄, η̄), as of summer 2009.
We have also reevaluated the constraints from
new experimental measurements and theoretical
calculations on the quark flavor CKM mixing
matrix [ACTI002], in particular just after the
first observation of Bs -B̄s mixing (see update in
Fig. 5.1); at that time no discrepancy was found
in the SM predictions, once the various sources of
theoretical uncertainties were taken into account.
We then critically examined the statistical foundations of other analyses in the literature. We
found that, unlike our frequentist methods and
depending on the choice of the parametrization,
the Bayesian approaches to this problem can fail
to converge, can lead to an unacceptable interpretation of fundamental parameters in presence
of mirror solutions and finally can spoil the symmetries of the underlying model [PP003, PP004].
A generic scenario of New Physics contributions to neutral meson mixing was studied in
Ref. [ACTI012]; we found that the widely discussed anomaly in the Tevatron measurement of
5.2. TOWARD HIGH-PRECISION CALCULATIONS IN LOW ENERGY QCD
the Bs mixing phase compared to its SM prediction was not significant, and did not correlate
with other flavor observables. In contrast we exhibited a hint of a discrepancy between the measurement of the small B → τ ν decay rate and
its global fit, indirect estimate, that comes from
a subtle interplay between independent CKMrelated observables.
Charm physics
J. Charles
53
scenarios. We computed the matrix elements of
the full set of ∆S=2 four-quark operators potentially present in BSM theories using quenched
lattice QCD calculations [ACL002, ACTI001], in
which sea quark effects are treated as a mean
field. Our use of chiral Ginsparg-Wilson (GW)
fermions greatly simplified the nonperturbative
renormalization of these quantities. We mainly
found that the ratios of BSM to SM matrix elements are approximately twice as large as those
in the only other such lattice calculation, and we
were able to show why our calculation is correct.
This implies that the parameter space in BSM
scenarios are even more constrained than previously thought.
Theoretical predictions of direct CP violation
in K → ππ have been plagued by strong interaction effects that are very difficult to compute. In [ACL002] we computed the contribution of the electroweak penguin operators in the
soft pion limit, using quenched lattice QCD with
GW fermions. Our results are in good agreement
with those of two domain wall fermion calculations. On the other hand, we find differences of
up to a factor two or three with respect to the
estimates obtained by our CPT colleagues, Friot
et al., using a model inspired by large Nc QCD.
In Ref. [ACL022] the impact on the knowledge of
the CKM matrix of the upcoming measurements
at the charm scale by the BES-III experiment was
investigated. We found that charged-current decays of the D mesons will lead to a non trivial direct determination of the relevant couplings |Vcd |
and |Vcs |, that in turn could exhibit non standard
contributions by comparison with the indirect fit
constraints.
BES-III will also provide a large statistics determination of quantum correlations in DD meson pair decays. We showed in [ACL025] that
by focusing on vector-vector final states, one can
extract new phenomenological information with
respect to simpler decays. We computed the full
differential decay rate taking into account coherence properties and angular dependence. In par- 5.2 Toward high-precision calticular a specific form of direct CP violation can
culations in low energy QCD
be measured in the case where significant non
standard couplings interfere, leading to asym- L. Lellouch, J. Frison (PhD), C. Hoelbling (visitor), A.
metric correlations between different transver- Portelli (PhD), G. Vulvert (PhD), A. Ramos (postdoc)
sity amplitudes. On the other hand, within the
SM an improved determination of strong interacThe most systematic approach to nonperturtion phase shifts in D-decays can be made, that bative QCD is to discretize the theory on a hyare important inputs to the interpretation of CP percubic spacetime lattice of volume L3 × T and
asymmetries in B to charm decays.
spacing a, to evaluate its Green’s functions numerically and to extrapolate the resulting observBSM K 0 -K̄ 0 mixing and electroweak ables to the continuum (a → 0) and to infinite
penguins
volume (L → ∞). Lattice QCD, as this approach
L. Lellouch, N. Garron (ex-PhD), C. Hoelbling is known, uses advanced field theory tools and
(ex-postdoc) large scale numerical simulations.
This field has undergone tremendous progress
The loop-induced |∆S|=2 neutral current pro- recently, due to advances in algorithms and in suduces K 0 -K̄ 0 mixing and determines the KL0 -KS0 percomputer technology. One of the main chalmass difference, as well as indirect CP violation lenges is the numerically very demanding incluin K → ππ decays. These processes lead to strin- sion of sea-quark effects with light enough u
gent constraints on the parameter space in BSM and d quarks to allow for a controlled reach of
54
the physical mass point, Mπ '135 MeV. Moreover, the effects of s sea quarks must also be included, in such a way that the kaon mass takes
its physical value, MK '495 MeV. With our colleagues in Germany and with the support of
the French national supercomputing infrastructure provided by GENCI and of the supercomputing center at Forschungszentrum Jülich, we
have been playing a leading role in these developments [ACTI009, ACL024].
Ab initio calculation of light hadron
masses
Having verified that our choice of discretization and Nf =2+1 2 algorithms allowed us
to effectively obtain results at the physical
point 3 [ACTI009, ACL024], our first phenomenological application was the calculation of light
hadron masses. Their determination was one of
the main objectives of lattice QCD when it began almost 30 years ago and has been considered
a milestone goal ever since.
In our Science article [ACL021], we report on
a calculation of these masses in which we control all sources of systematic uncertainties. This
study required twenty large scale computations4
and state-of-the-art analysis techniques. Our results are summarized in Fig. (5.2). They show
full agreement with experiment at the few percent level. They help to validate QCD as the
theory of the strong interaction in the nonperturbative regime. They also confirm that QCD
is at the origin of most of the mass of the visible universe, since more than 99% of it is in the
form of nucleons, and more than 95% of the mass
of these particles comes from the energy associated with the interaction between the constituent
quarks.
This work was the subject of press releases by
the CNRS and Forschungszentrum Jülich, and received significant attention in scientific journals,
most notably with an article by Frank Wilczek
in Nature. The work was also presented in more
popular media. Moreover, it was ranked in the
top ten major scientific breakthroughs of the year
2008 by the editors of Science.
2
Figure 5.2: The light hadron spectrum in QCD
(filled circles), compared to experiment (horizontal bands).
Leptonic decays and SM tests
With the same Nf =2+1 simulations, we calculated the ratio of leptonic decay constants of
the kaon and the pion, FK and Fπ [ACL026,
ACTI013]. These constants parametrize the nonperturbative strong interaction corrections in the
weak leptonic decays of the pion and kaon, governed by the CKM couplings |Vud | and |Vus |. A
calculation of FK /Fπ and a measurement of the
decay rates yields |Vus /Vud |.
Now, the SM predicts (Gq /Gµ )|Vud |2 [1+
|Vus /Vud |2 + |Vub /Vud |2 ] = 1 with Gq =Gµ , where
Gq and Gµ are the weak coupings of quarks and
leptons, respectively. A deviation from 1 implies
that CKM unitary and/or quark-lepton universality is violated. In this relation, the limiting
factor is an accurate determination of |Vus /Vud |.
Our result for FK /Fπ has a combined statistical and systematic error of 0.8%. We then found
that the unitarity relation is obeyed at the 1%
level, putting tight constraints on BSM scenarios.
Mixed-action calculations
Unlike other discretizations, GW fermions exhibit a full flavor chiral symmetry on the lattice,
analogous that present in the continuum. However, GW fermions are numerically expensive.
denoting the inclusion of s and degenerate u and d sea-quark effects.
i.e. a → 0, L → ∞, Mπ '135 MeV, MK '495 MeV.
4
with three lattice spacings down to a'0.065 fm, pion masses down to Mπ '190 MeV, lattice sizes up to L'4 fm.
3
5.3. THE MUON G−2
Thus, combining improved Wilson sea quarks
with GW valence quarks allows one to benefit
from the formal advantages of the latter while
limiting the numerical cost of the calculation.
In studying the properties of the pseudoNambu-Goldstone bosons and of isotriplet scalar
meson propagators in these calculations, we uncovered effects, that could only be described by
adding “chirally-enhanced” unitarity violations
to continuum partially-quenched chiral perturbation theory (χPT) [ACTI010, INV004]. However
accounting for these effects required determining
a new NLO chiral constant and degraded the accuracy of our calculations. Thus, we chose to
initially concentrate on numerically cheaper improved Wilson fermions, for both sea and valence
quarks, leading to the results described above.
5.3
The muon g−2
J.-Ph. Aguilar (PhD), M. Knecht, D. Greynat
(ex-PhD), E. de Rafael
The muon anomalous magnetic moment g−2
is the most precise prediction of the Standard
Model, and one of the most precise measurements
in particle physics as well. The slight disagreement between both numbers makes a controlled
estimate of all sources of theoretical uncertainties
in the quantum field theory calculation particularly important. In [ACL017, INV002, INV008]
we gave an exhaustive description of the present
experimental and theoretical knowledge.
High-order contributions to g−2 gave us the
opportunity to extend our Mellin-Barnes approach to asymptotic expansions to multiplevariable situations. More specifically, we computed analytically a class of eighth- and tenthorder QED corrections in terms of the small lepton mass ratios me /mµ and mµ /mτ [ACL018].
We showed that an arbitrary number of terms in
the double asymptotic expansion can be included
without too much effort, until reaching an accuracy of the order of the experimental error on the
lepton masses. We then checked the agreement
with previous numerical estimates.
Finally in [OS001] we updated the estimate of
the hadronic light-by-light contribution to g−2,
by combining the results of different models to estimate the resulting theoretical uncertainty. We
55
stressed in particular the importance of the constraints from the Operator Product Expansion,
and from chiral symmetry.
5.4
Isospin breaking corrections
in kaon decay modes
M. Knecht
On the experimental side, the recent years have
witnessed important progress in the realm of kaon
physics, in particular concerning semi-leptonic
decay modes like K`3 (KTeV at Fermilab, KLOE
at DAΦNE in Frascati, NA48/2 at CERN) and
K`4 (E865 at BNL, NA48/2 a CERN). These
new and extremely accurate results require that
existing theoretical analyses be refined. For instance, it becomes unavoidable to consider effects arising from the breaking of isospin symmetry. These have two origins. First, at the
level of electromagnetic corrections, that can be
treated within the framework of the effective lowenergy lagrangian, and which corresponds to the
contributions of real or virtual photonic contributions at low energy. Second, at the level of
the mass differences between mesons belonging
to the sane isospion multiplet. Strictly speaking,
this also corresponds to an electromagnetic effect (for pions, the mass difference between the u
and d quarks plays a negligible role), but can, to
a certain extent, be treated independently from
the first effect within the effective theory. While
the previous activity of the team in this field had
concentrated on the first aspect, recent work has
mainly dealt with the second.
In order to address these issues it is enough
to take into account in a precise way threshold effects that result from the difference between, say,
charged and neutral pions, or charged and neutral
kaons. The method we have considered therefore
consists in constructing the relevant physical observables, form factors and/or scattering amplitudes, in an iterative way, based on a dispersive
representation. The latter warrants that fundamental properties like analyticity, unitarity, and
crossing are correctly taken care of. The effective
theory framework only provides a useful power
counting at low energies which allows, after a twostep iterative process, to construct a representa-
56
tion for these quantities valid at two loops in the unitarity channel, due to the intermediate state
chiral counting. Several projects along these lines composed of two charged pions. This leads to
are presently under completion.
the appearance, in the π 0 -π 0 invariant mass decay distribution, of a cusp singularity. This feature is quite visible in the data sample collected
The pion form factor
by the NA48/2 experiment at CERN. Its interest
The scalar form factor offers a relatively simple stems from the fact that it contains information
setting where the calculation along the lines de- on the π-π scattering lengths. The precise rescribed above has been done completely [work in lationship between these scattering lengths and
collaboration with S. Descotes-Genon]. This cal- the cusp singularity in the data has been studied
culation has not only provided an opportunity to by several authors. But these studies all rely on
assess the principal difficulties that have to be some approximation or the other (for instance,
solved, but has led to a determination of isospin the non-relativistic limit). We have obtained a
breaking effects in the π-π phase shifts at low en- two-loop representation of the corresponding amergy. These decompose into an “universal” part, plitudes within the framework described above
that comes directly from the phase of the π-π [ACTI014, ACTI015].
scattering amplitude, as one would expect from
Watson’s theorem in the isospin limit, and an
additional piece, induced by isospin breaking cor- 5.5 Other studies
rections in the real part of the form factor. This
Bounds on the light quark masses
non-universal contribution, which vanishes in the
E. de Rafael
isospin limit, represents an effect that is numerically comparable in size to the isospin breaking
We used QCD sum rules for the two-point funceffects in the universal part.
tion of the divergence of the axial vector current
to evaluate lower bounds on the sum of the up
The Ke4 form factors
and down quark masses [ACL020]. In this work
we
combined the properties of the scalar spectral
The two main form factors that describe the matrix element of the Ke4 transition are more in- function at long–distances and perturbative QCD
teresting from a phenomenological point of view. at short–distances. Our results point to values of
The NA48/2 collaboration has obtained very pre- mu + md somewhat higher than those reported
cise data on the decay K ± → π + π − e± ν. This de- recently in the literature using lattice QCD simcay mode is particularly interesting since it allows ulations.
to measure the π-π phase-shift between the S and
P waves. Before comparing the results to the theoretical predictions, obtained in the isospin limit,
it is necessary to correct for isospin breaking effects in a model-independent way. We [collaboration with V. Bernard and S. Descotes-Genon]
have therefore undertaken an iterative construction of a representation of the relevant form factors. Once completed, this calculation should be
incorporated into the data analysis.
The K → 3π and η → 3π decay amplitudes
In the decay modes K + → π + π 0 π 0 , KL →
π 0 π 0 π 0 or η → π 0 π 0 π 0 , isospin violation leads to
the opening, in the physical region, of a second
Baryons and diquarks
L. Lellouch, N. Garron (ex-PhD), C. Hoelbling
(ex-postdoc)
Jaffe and Wilczek have proposed that light quark
pairs generically form positive parity, (color, spin,
flavor) = (3̄, 0, 3̄) “diquarks” within hadrons. To
verify this claim, we performed quenched lattice QCD calculations of the energies of isolated
diquark states with GW fermions. In Landau
gauge, we found that the spin-0 diquark forms
a bound state for small quark masses, while
the positive parity, (color, spin, flavor) = (3̄, 1, 6̄)
does not [ACL001, ACL011, ACTI001].
To verify this further, we studied spatial quark correlations within baryons [ACL001,
5.5. OTHER STUDIES
ACTI001]. In the case of “Λ-like” baryons, we
found that the average distance between the “u”
and “d” quarks of the spin-0 diquark is smaller
than that between any of these two quarks with
the “s” quark, and the opposite configuration
within “Σ-like” baryons. We also showed that
quark pairs cluster more strongly in the spin-0
channel than in the spin-1 one.
57
the presence of an isospin chemical potential and
at fixed gauge field topology for Nf light flavors
quarks [ACL019]. We obtained these results at
NLO in the finite-size scaling regime of chiral perturbation theory. Thanks to the isospin chemical
potential, these correlation functions depend on
the chiral-limit quark condensate and pion leptonic decay constant, already at leading order.
Thus the determination of these quantities can
Scaling of meson propagators with be improved by fitting our expressions to correlation functions obtained with a lattice QCD
isospin chemical potential
calculation performed at finite isopsin chemical
L. Lellouch, G. Akemann (visitor)
potential.
We computed the mass and volume dependence
of scalar and pseudoscalar two-point functions in
6. Scientific Report of the Geometry,
Physics, and Symmetries team
Permanent members (9) : R. Coquereaux (DR2-CNRS, team leader), C. Duval (PR1-U.M.), G. Girardi
(DR2-CNRS), R. Grimm(PR1-U.M.), B. Iochum (PR1-U.P.), T. Krajewski (MCF-U.P.), S. Lazzarini
(MCF-HDR-U.M.), O. Ogievetsky (PR2-U.M.), T. Schücker (PR1-U.P.).
PhD students, (thesis defended or in preparation (8)): T. Grapperon, M. Grasseau, D. Hammaoui, E.
Isasi, J.-H. Jureit, B. Labonne, C. Levy, J.-P. Michel, D. Pranzetti, R. Rais, C. Tidei, I. ZouZou.
Post-doc and visiting professors (one month or more) (8) : A. Chamseddine A. Davydov, A. Isaev, S.
Khoroshkin, A. Ocneanu, G. Schieber, A. Sitarz, Ch. Stephan, T. Popov.
Mobility: T. Masson (CR1-CNRS, LPT Orsay), for one year since September 2009.
The team Geometry, Physics and Symmetries gathers a set of investigators whose
research activities are centered on the mathematical description of physical laws,
in particular laws that govern fundamental interactions. The necessary tools are
often of geometric or algebraic nature. Some results or problems lead to the
emergence of new mathematical structures needing a dedicated study. Others
have direct physical applications.
Fundamental laws of nature, at the classical level, are naturally expressed in
terms of geometry (for instance the notion of connection underlies both our
understanding of gravity and strong or electroweak interactions), and symmetries of the physical world are usually described, classically, by group theoretical
constructions using groups that can be discrete or continuous. On the other
hand, geometry finds its roots in the study of symmetries and one knows that
mechanics itself uses geometry, in particular symplectic geometry, for its own
formulation. A quantum description of physics requires not only the above tools
but also several generalizations of these notions. Several approaches leading to
theories of quantum gravity, for instance, need mathematical descriptions where
space-time (actually where its algebra of functions) is replaced by a non commutative algebra (noncommutative geometry) and many developments of quantum
field theory use generalizations of the notion of group, for instance supersymmetric theories use Lie superalgebras, and conformal field theory or string theory
use affine Lie algebras and quantum groups.
In mathematical physics, like in mathematics, research topics are both very original and extremely specific. They are moreover, to some extent, largely independent, and every single topic is usually studied only by a small number of people
in the world. The present report is divided into three main sections: Geometry and physics, classical and quantum symmetries, non commutative geometry
and fundamental interactions. Members of our team are well recognized by the
international community as world experts in their respective fields.
59
60CHAPTER 6. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE GEOMETRY, PHYSICS, AND SYMMETRIES TEAM
6.1
Geometry and physics
Non relativistic conformal symmetries
The Schrödinger group (Niederer, Hagen) has
lately attracted special attention in the context of anisotropic critical systems (Henkel et
al.). Geometrically, it is the group of (local)
conformal diffeomorphisms of a Galilei structure (M, γ, θ) preserving timelike geodesics of
a Newton-Cartan (NC) connection ∇, with a
dynamical exponent z = 2. Recently, in the
same physical vein, another “Conformal Galilei
Algebra” (CGA) has been analyzed (Henkel, and
Lukierski et al.). Again, the CGA arises as
the Lie algebra of Galilei-conformal infinitesimal
transformations that are NC-projective for lightlike geodesics [ACL068], with z = 1. Generalizations lead to z ∈ 2/N∗ .
The AdS/CFT correspondence has been extended to nonrelativistic field theory (Maldacena
Symplectic geometry, symmetries and et al.); the conformal “Schrödinger” symmetry
of some gravity backgrounds is spelled out in
quantization
our Bargmann (i.e. null Kaluza-Klein) frameC. Duval work [ACL067].
On the one hand, the theory of bundles and
connections provides common grounds for general relativity and for Yang-Mills theories. Such
geometrical tools need to be generalized to a
wider framework if one wants to consider supersymmetric extensions of these theories. On the
other hand foundations of classical mechanics
are deeply rooted in geometry, in particular symplectic geometry, which, thank’s to the work of
Kostant and Souriau (CPT) also provides a road
to quantization. As it happens often in geometry, generalizations proceed through an algebraic
translation of these geometrical concepts. Several research activities of our team are done in
these directions and can be gathered under the
above heading.
Supergeometry and quantization
Symplectic physics
The optical Hall effect (transverse shift of light
rays at a dielectric sharp interface (Onoda et al.,
and Bliokh et al.)) has recently received firm experimental evidence (Bliokh, 2008). We describe
[ACL030, ACL041] this subtle effect using symplectic scattering between spinning coadjoint orbits of the Euclidean group SE(3). Our geometrical spinoptics allows for an interpretation of the
“perfectness” of metamaterial lenses (Pendry).
The formalism is extended to Riemannian manifolds [ACL041] (inhomogeneous media), and to
Finsler-Cartan structures (M, F ) to account for
anisotropy [ACL053]. The characteristic foliation
of the indicatrix F −1 (1) differs from the geodesic
spray: the anomalous velocity might be tested
experimentally.
One ingredient of our model is a noncommutative plane endowed with a natural Berry curvature term in the symplectic two-form. The same
approach is used to put the semi-classical dynamics of the Bloch electron on geometrical grounds
[ACL029, ACL031], improving the model of Xiao,
Shi, and Niu.
The super cross-ratio and Schwarzian derivative
were independently introduced in CFT. The challenge was to link these geometrical objects just
as in the “classical” setting. The article [ACL061]
starts with the canonical contact structure on the
supercircle S1|1 , and the groups E(1|1), Aff(1|1),
and SpO(2|1) of Euclidean, affine and projective
contactomorphisms. Their even and odd discrete
invariants are constructed, e.g., the super crossratio. The even invariants yield, via Cartan’s formula, 1-cocycles of the group K(1) of contactomorphisms, with coefficients in modules of densities Fλ (S 1|1 ), e.g. Radul’s super-Schwarzian
with values in F3/2 (S 1|1 ). This study completes the classification of the cohomology groups
H1(K(1), Fλ (S 1|1 )): the three geometries of S 1|1 .
Our construct is prolonged to S 1|N for N > 1.
Obstructions to obtain a projective local cocycle
for N ≥ 3 are analyzed.
It is worth noticing that the “classical”
Schwarzian derivative arises, in quite a different
guise, as the flag curvature of a special Finsler
structure: the Numata metric [PP006].
The thesis of J.-P. Michel, “Quantification
6.2. DIFFERENTIAL ALGEBRAS FOR GAUGE SYMMETRIES
conformément équivariante des fibrés supercotangents” (2009), extends conformally equivariant
quantization (Duval, Lecomte, Ovsienko) to a
supersymplectic framework. It highlights the
connection between the super-cotangent bundle
M = T ∗ M ×M ΠT M of a pseudo-Riemannian
manifold (M, g), and the spin structure of the
latter, justifying Kosmann’s Lie derivative of
spinors. Conformally equivariant quantization
is an isomorphism of o(p + 1, q + 1)-modules
Qλ,µ : S δ → Dλ,µ between the supersymbols of
weight δ, and the spinorial differential operators
of weight (λ, µ). This dissertation proves the existence and uniqueness of this quantization, except
for “resonant” values of δ = µ − λ. It also classifies all symbols of conformally invariant spinorial differential operators. Applications to integrable systems are provided through superization
of Killing-Yano tensors.
6.2
Differential algebras
gauge symmetries
for
S. Lazzarini
Gauge symmetries can be conveniently formulated under the algebraic formulation given by
Becchi-Rouet-Stora (BRS), who were awarded by
the 2009 “Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics” of the American Physical Society.
With the help of this approach, we have studied in [ACL027] the links between the LaguerreForsyth formulation of conformally covariant
ODE’s over a Riemann surface and the so-called
W -algebras generalizing the conformal symmetry
in 2D. The infinitesimal symmetry Lie algebra
acting on solutions of the ODE’s has generators
K which are jets, namely coefficients carrying no
tensorial properties. The nilpotency of the BRS
operator secures algebraically a very intricate Lie
algebra structure. Special linear combinations C
of the K’s turn out to be tensorial. They turn
out to form differential algebras which are exactly
the W -symmetries in the spirit of Govindarajan
(1996). The main point in this BRS algebraic formulation is that the formal derivative of the C’s
with respect to the vector field along the z̄ direction gives the sources (generalized Beltrami differentials à la Bilal & al.) of the W -currents ap-
61
pearing in the so called W -gravity. This provides
another contribution to the relationship between
KdV flows and W -diffeomorphims as raised by
Di Francesco et al. in 1991.
Another use of the BRS algebra concerns projective structures. After a preparatory thesis
work on the relationship between linear frames
of higher orders and the so-called jet frames
[PP007], we succeeded in solving a problem that
has been opened for many years [ACL060]. It was
originally formulated by A.M. Polyakov in 1990,
who was trying to get diffeomorphisms out of
gauge transformations for a SL(2, R)-gauge theory. It is geometrically explained in terms of a
Cartan connection ω on the second order frames
e2 over the projective space RP1 . Once the relationship between the Cartan connection ω and
the usual Yang-Mills potential on a principal bundle is completed, a BRS differential algebra can
be constructed. The latter offers an efficient tool
to bring the correspondence between gauge parameters γ and diffeomorphism ones ξ in their
Faddeev-Popov incarnation by lifting diffeomorphisms on the second order frame bundle through
γ = ω(De2 (ξ)), where De2 is the linear differential map of the field e2 . This formula explains the
genuine “diffeomorphisms out of gauge transformations” given by Polyakov himself nearly twenty
years ago.
6.3
Supersymmetries and supergravity
G. Girardi, R. Grimm
The main research activities of our team, in
supersymmetry and supergravity, focus on theories lying beyond the so-called standard ones.
Supersymmetry (local or global), at the level
of supermultiplets, is realized in terms of local
fields. We have developed rather advanced methods of superspace geometry particularly adapted
to the investigation of non-standard supersymmetric structures.
Our special emphasis at this moment aims
at a better understanding, conceptually as well
as formally, of hybrid gauge structures, allowing constructions of gauge invariant mass terms,
and possible relations to generalized Stueckelberg
mechanisms.
More explicitly, hybrid gauge structures allow to establish certain relations between massive
vector and massive antisymmetric tensor as well
as between massive scalar and massive three-form
gauge potential [ACL055].
Using methods of superspace geometry we
generalize these notions to the supersymmetric
case including couplings to supergravity.
Other publications concerning these topics
are in preparation.
6.4
Classical and quantum symmetries
This line of research is characterized by the
development of mathematical tools, mostly related to representation theory, with applications
to integrable models, conformal field theory or
strings. In some cases this work was done within
a known framework, but in some other cases it
lead to new kinds of mathematical concepts.
limit) is shown to be equivalent to a quantization of a classical "boundary" r-matrix of Gerstenhaber and Giaquinto. The rime solutions
are related to Bézout operators which satisfy the
(non-)homogeneous associative classical Yang–
Baxter equation (related to the Rota-Baxter operators). We classify the rime Poisson brackets:
they form a 3-dimensional pencil. We classify orderable quadratic rime associative algebras. In
[ACL071] we described a quantum Lie algebra
based on the Cremmer-Gervais R-matrix. The
algebra arises upon a restriction of an infinitedimensional quantum Lie algebra.
Reflexion equation
In [ACL044] non-polynomial Baxterized solutions of reflection equations associated with affine
Hecke and affine Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebras are found. Relations to integrable spin chain
models with nontrivial boundary conditions are
discussed.
Representations of towers of groups and al-
Quantum groups and quantum algebras gebras
O. Ogievetsky
Representation theory
In [ACL059] we described a family of symmetries
for a wide class of Mickelsson algebras. They
form a representation of the related braid group.
Our approach is based on the homomorphism
property of Zhelobenko maps which was not noticed before.
Newton–Bézout R-matrices
In [ACL072] and [ACTI018] we replaced the ice
Ansatz on matrix solutions of the Yang-Baxter
equation by a weaker condition which we call
"rime". A strict rime (i.e., all non ice entries
are different from zero) non-unitary solution is
parameterized by a projective vector. We show
that this solution transforms to the CremmerGervais R-matrix. A strict unitary solution (the
rime Ansatz is well adapted for taking a unitary
In [ACTI017] we adapted for the Hecke algebra case the approach of Okounkov and Vershik. Ocneanu’s traces for these idempotents (qdimensions of corresponding irreps of quantum
linear groups) are presented.
The BMW algebra, considered as the quotient of the braid group algebra, possesses the
commutative set of Jucys–Murphy elements. In
[ACTI023] we showed that the set of Jucys–
Murphy elements is maximal commutative for the
generic Birman-Wenzl-Murakami algebra and reconstruct the representation theory of the tower
of Birman-Wenzl-Murakami algebras.
Chain models
In [ACL057] and [ACTI021] we considered the integrable open chain models formulated in terms
of generators of the Hecke algebra. The spectrum
of the Hamiltonians for the open Hecke chains of
finite size with free boundary conditions is deduced for corner type irreps of the Hecke algebra.
6.4. CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM SYMMETRIES
63
Rota–Baxter operators
Weyl groups
In the first part of [PP017] we established a connection between the Euler-Maclaurin summation
formula and the Rota-Baxter functional equation. In the second part we give a simple proof of
a formula, due to Ramanujan, on the summation
of certain exponential series.
In “Commutator Subgroups of Coxeter Groups” 1 ,
O.O. and P. Godard (PhD student) study relations between the commutator subgroup W 0 of
a Weyl group W , the involutions and elements
of the conjugacy class C of the Coxeter element
The elements in W 0 which are commutators of an
involution and an element of C are classified.
BRST operators for non-linear algebras
R-operators on tensor spaces
The study of quantum Lie algebras motivates
a use of non-canonical ghosts and anti-ghosts
for non-linear algebras, like W-algebras. In
[ACL056] we suggested natural non-canonical
(2)
ghosts for the W3 and W3 algebras. This leads
to the BRST operator having the conventional
cubic form. Some ingredients of the BRST construction for quantum Lie algebras are applied in
[PP010] to a wider class of quadratic algebras of
constraints. We consider a one-parametric family
of quadratic algebras with three generators and
show that the BRST charge acquires the conventional form after a redefinition of ghosts. The
modified ghosts form a quadratic algebra. The
family possesses a non-linear involution, which
implies the existence of two independent BRST
charges for each algebra in the family. These
BRST charges anticommute and form a double
BRST complex.
In “Braidings of tensor spaces” 2 , Given a local
representation of the tower of braid groups in a
vector space V , they build a local representation
⊗j .
of the tower in the tensor space ⊕∞
j=0 V
Shuffles
Multiplicative analogues of the shuffle elements
of the braid group rings are introduced in
[ACL070]. For the Hecke and BMW algebras,
the (anti)-symmetrizers have simple expressions
in terms of the multiplicative shuffles. The (anti)symmetrizers can be expressed in terms of the
highest multiplicative 1-shuffles (for the Hecke
and BMW algebras) and in terms of the highest additive 1-shuffles (for the Hecke algebras).
The spectra and multiplicities of eigenvalues of
the operators of the multiplication by the multiplicative and additive 1-shuffles are examined.
1
Preprint CPT-P50-2006
3
2
Alternating subgroups of Coxeter groups
In “Alternating subgroups of Coxeter groups and
their spinor extensions” 3 , O.O. and L. Poulain
d’Andecy (PhD student) suggest a new presentation for the alternating subgroups of Coxeter
groups. The generators are the oriented edges
of the Coxeter graph. This presentation is then
used to give a unified presentation for the spinor
extension of all these alternating groups.
Symmetries and conformal field theory
R. Coquereaux
Module-categories and
groups of Lie groups
quantum
sub-
An important class of boundary conformal field
theories, in particular WZW models of type G
(a Lie group) at level k (a non negative integer),
with boundaries and possible defects, can be defined in terms of a fusion category Ak (G) , together with an action on another category E (a
module category) described by a graph. Many
such graphs have been obtained in the past, for
models of type SU (2) or SU (3), but the description of the corresponding quantum symmetries
requires the determination of another monoidal
category O = EndAk (E) and of its Grothendieck
ring. The structure of the later is also encoded by
a graph often called the Ocneanu graph. It can
be given several physical interpretation, for instance in terms of defects for D-branes and more
generally in terms of defects in BCFT. These
structures appear naturally when one considers
irreducible representations of quantum groups at
roots of unity, or integrable representation of
affine Lie algebras. They can be considered as
quantum analogues of discrete subgroups of Lie
groups. For all known examples, the corresponding modular invariant partition function provides
enough information to recover the whole structure. For SU (2) cases at level k the algebras of
quantum symmetries were obtained at the end
of the 90’s, and in the year 2000 for SU (3) cases.
Our work provide new details for the known cases
and further generalize those studies for Lie groups
of higher ranks.
Quantum groupoids and generalized 6J
symbols
To every quantum subgroup (as above) is associated a quantum groupoid which, in our cases,
is finite dimensional, semi-simple and co semisimple; one can trade its coalgebra structure for
an algebra structure on the dual, and the natural pairing between elementary matrices relative
to the two algebra structures is encoded by coefficients called generalized quantum 6J symbols
(quantum versions of Wigner and Racah symbols), or Ocneanu cells. In [ACL039] we give
inter-relations between quantum 6J symbols of
various kinds and study those associated with
fusion graphs of the SU (2) family described by
Dynkin diagrams of type AN . We construct the
associated quantum groupoids, analyze several
examples and discuss features relative to cells
In [ACL028] we describe properties of the associated with fusion graphs for Lie groups of
quantum symmetries relative to members of the higher rank.
A2 ∼ SU (3) system. This work is detailed
in [ACTI016] where we also give tables de- Exceptional quantum subgroups of Lie
scribing the semisimple and co-semisimple blocks groups and conformal embeddings
of the corresponding weak bialgebras (quantum
In [ACL065] we relate quantum subgroups to congroupoids). For A3 ∼ SU (4), we study in
formal embeddings and describe several meth[ACTI019] and [ACL066] the exceptional quanods for obtaining the algebra of quantum symtum subgroups of type SU (4) which admits three
metries, coming from associativity of the bimodexceptional modular invariants at levels 4, 6 and
ule structure of the later over the fusion algebra
8; they can be obtained from appropriate con(eq. of modular splitting and its chiral variant).
formal embeddings. From these data we deterWe illustrate these techniques on quantum submine the algebras of quantum symmetries, obgroups obtained from conformal embeddings of
tain their generators, and as a by-product recover
non-simple Lie groups, followed by contraction.
the known fusion graphs describing exceptional
quantum subgroups. The fusion graphs themselves were already known but not their algebras Varia
of quantum symmetries. We calculate the cor- Together with A. Davydov, we defined a contracresponding global dimensions (sum of squares of tion operation for algebras in tensor products of
quantum dimensions of simple objects) and study modular categories; on the level of Grothendieck
the associated quantum groupoïds.
groups this operation corresponds to contraction
of modular invariants.
The fusion graphs of type SU (2) are Dynkin
Exceptional modular invariants for the Lie aldiagrams and one can recover in this way the
gebras B2 (at levels 2, 3, 7, 12) and G2 (at levusual concepts of roots and weights for Lie algeels 3, 4) can be obtained from conformal embedbras. As shown by A. Ocneanu this construction
dings. In [PP005] we determine the associated
can be generalized : we have explicitly worked
quantum symmetries and discover or recover, as
out several higher analogues of systems of roots
a by-product, the graphs describing exceptional
and weights for BCFT’s of type SU (3).
quantum subgroups of type B2 or G2 .
Together with E. Isasi and G. Schieber we
have explained how non-trivial identities between
6.5. NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY AND FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS
intertwiners of A2 (sometimes known as identities
for Kuperberg spiders, but obtained a long time
before by one of us (O.O.)) give rise to quadratic
and quartic coherence equations for triangular
cells on fusion graphs.
6.5
Noncommutative geometry
and fundamental interactions
B. Iochum, T. Krajewski, T. Schücker
Noncommutative geometry aims at improving our conceptual understanding of several aspects of physics like particle physics, general relativity, renormalization, etc. The idea is to encode the physical data in (A, H, D) where A is
an algebra acting on the Hilbert space H and D
plays the role of aDirac operator. For instance
C ∞ (M ), L2(), D
/ contains most of the information on the manifold M : one can “hear” the
dim(M ) through the spectrum of D, recover the
metric, the smoothness etc, from algebraic properties of the spectral triple. The dream is to find
a possible experimental signature allowing us to
“hear the noncommutativity of space-time” from
spectral data, within a quantum field theory.
65
noncommutative geometry in physics, a program of explicit computation has been initiated
[ACL033, ACL043, ACL054, ACL069, PP009,
PP008, ACTI020, INV017]. Many difficulties had
to be overcome: There is an important bifurcation with non-compactness of manifolds where
the Dirac operator does not have a compact resolvent. In [ACL033], we extend isospectral deformations of Connes–Landi–Dubois-Violette to
generalized quantum deformations like the Moyal
planes. In [ACL043], the appearance of a different behaviours corresponding to the existence of
a Diophantine condition means that, for subtle
reasons, we could “hear the noncommutativity”.
We revisit the ultraviolet-infrared mixing phenomenon for a scalar theory. We find non-local
counterterms in the noncommutative φ4 theory
on T4 , but show that the theory is renormalizable.
The work [ACL043] is technically quite involved; we prove results on zeta functions which
appear in diverse problems like in zeta– and other
regularizations or like in the Casimir effect, that
are still the best on the market.
At this point, it was important to compute
the spectral action for a quantum group, like
SUq (2). This action is quite different from the
one on the sphere S3 i.e. q = 1. In particular,
there are only 3 nonzero terms in (6.1). While a
field
theory based on this spectral triple will not
Spectral action
be very interesting for physicists it has intriguing
The Chamseddine–Connes’ action of a triple mathematical properties.
(A, H, D) is the trace of Φ(DA /Λ) where Φ is a
In space-time, the (possible) presence of black
positive function and Λ plays the role of a cut-off
holes generates horizon. Similarly, in general
and DA = D + A where A is a one-form. This
relativity, on can study the 3 + 1 dimensional
action functional can be written as a series of
space-time via Cauchy surfaces parameterized
noncommutative integrals
by time. Nevertheless, a construction of specX
tral triples in presence of a boundary is not an
(DA , Φ, Λ) =
Φk Λk |DA |−k
(6.1)
easy task. We chose a chiral boundary condik∈Sd+
tion, already considered by Branson–Gilkey &
+ Φ(0) ζDA (0) + O(Λ−1 )
Chamseddine–Connes because it is a local boundary condition and gives similar ratios and signs
R
∞
with Φk := 12 0 Φ(t) tk/2−1 dt, Sd is the dimen- as in the Euclidean action used in gravitation. In
sion spectrum and X := Res Tr X|D|−s .
[PP009, PP008] we began a program on manis=0
The computation of (6.1) is quite impor- folds with boundary, proving the existence of astant for physics, for instance in the commuta- sociated spectral triples. Moreover, we show that
tive case in 4 dimensions, D−2 coincides with no tadpoles (i. e. terms linear in A) appear in
the Einstein–Hilbert action with a positive cos- (6.1), a fact quite fundamental in field theory.
mological constant. To test the relevance of Independently, spectral distances have been com-
puted in [ACL036].
Mehler kernel propagators [PP015]. This led us
to introduce a new graph polynomial obeying a
Noncommutative geometry and quan- four term reduction relation (instead of two term
relation for the Tutte polynomial) and invariant
tum field theory
under Chmutov’s partial duality (graph duality
We have defined in [ACL042] a quantum field exchanging faces and vertices of any subgraph).
theory on projective modules which are noncommutative analogs of vector bundles. Using the
The noncommutative standard model
Hubbard-Stratanovich transformation, we have
shown that the theory is one-loop renormalizable In [ACL034] we proved that infinitesimal diffeoon a 4D non commutative torus with deforma- morphisms of a spin manifold admit a unique lift
tion parameter θ, provided θ is a rational number to spinors. This lift generalises (to curved spaces)
or an irrational number obeying a Diophantine the spin lift of rotations in quantum mechanics
approximation condition. It is shown that these and allows us to connect the fluctuations by onemodels are limits of rectangular p×q matrix mod- forms D −→ D + A of the Dirac operator to alels in the limit p, q → ∞ with pq → θ. A peculiar gebra automorphisms.
We updated the Higgs-mass computation
quasi-Hopf algebra Dω [G] based on a finite group
G and a 3-cocycle ω on G has been introduced from the spectral action under the hypothesis of
in the 1990’s by R. Dijkgraaf, V. Pasquier and the big desert [ACL035] and in presence of masP. Roche, in relation with conformal field theory. sive neutrinos [ACL046, ACL048]. In both cases,
In [PP011, ACTI022] we have shown that Dω [G] this mass comes out to be 170 ± 5 GeV, a prearises as the analog of magnetic translations T diction being tested at the Tevatron and startfor the twisted sectors of a string in a 3-from ing next year at the LHC. In this perspective,
magnetic background with a coproduct dictated [PP021] offers a compilation of all Higgs-mass
by the commutation of T with string interactions predictions in the literature.
Based on a classification of finite spectral
along a trinion.
The algebraic structure underlying the com- triples in terms of Krajewski-diagrams and with
position of Wilsonian effective actions compu- heavy use of a computer [ACL047] Christoph
tations were studied in [PP014]. It turns out Stephan et. al succeeded in finding extensions
that there is a general commutative Hopf algebra of the standard model in noncommutative gebased on graphs from which one recovers a group ometry that include new gauge bosons and new
by duality. This group generalizes a well-known fermions [ACL038, ACL051, ACL058, ACL052,
group based on trees which may be interpreted ACL050, ACL063].4 The new particles change
as a group of power series of non-linear operator the β-functions of the couplings and consequently
increase the Higgs-mass by 30 to 70 GeV. Among
for the composition law.
In collaboration with V. Rivasseau, A. Tanasa the new fermions, there are also natural candiand Z.-T. Wang, we have uncovered the rela- dates for dark matter [ACL032, PP012].
tion between the Symanzik polynomials appearing in the parametric representation and a multivariate version of the Tutte polynomial, which
6.6 Distances and bending anis a fundamental invariant in algebraic graph
gles in curved spacetimes
theory. We have also generalized this result to
field theories defined on the Moyal space, whose
T. Schücker
Symanzik polynomials turn out to be related to
the Bollobás–Riordan polynomial, a ribbon graph
Breathtaking improvements of observational
analog of the Tutte polynomial. With F. Vignes- resolution at cosmological scales continue to chalTourneret and V. Rivasseau, we have extended lenge our geometric understanding of the unithis result to noncommutative field theories with verse already at the non-quantum level. Here the
4
and [4] = C. A. Stephan, “Almost-commutative geometry, massive neutrinos and the orientability axiom in KOdimension 6,” arXiv:hep-th/0610097.
6.7. MISCELLANEOUS
spectral deformation or redshift z has supplanted
the notion of distance. The latter has been dispatched by Einstein almost a century and by experimentalists more than 25 years ago [PP020].
The kinematics of (maximally) symmetric cosmology is parameterised by the scale factor a(t),
a function of cosmic time t. Neither a nor t are
observable. What we do observe is for instance
the apparent luminosity `(z) of certain ‘standard’
supernovae. On the theoretical side, there is a
transformation a(t) 7→ `(z) that associates to every monotonic scale factor a unique apparent luminosity. It is remarkable that this transformation is purely kinematical, i.e. independent of
any field equation for gravity and of any (symmetric) matter distribution. To make contact
with experiment, we need of course the inverse
transformation `(z) 7→ a(t). In [ACL037] obstructions to the invertibility were analysed and
found to depend on monotonicity properties of
(z + 1)2`(z). Present data from supernovae are
compatible with a monotonous luminosity, implying a lower bound for the radius of the universe
today, a0 > 1.2 · 1026 m ∼ 1.3 · 1010 light years
at 95% confidence level. We analysed the stability of the monotonicity constraint on `(z) under
small scalar perturbations in [ACL049] and used
the running gradient method by Hall & Heckman
(2000) to test the observed luminosity for monotonicity [PP016].
At the end of 2007 Rindler & Ishak started
a controversy that is still unsettled today: is the
bending of light (see Fig. 6.1) by a concentrated
mass M independent of the cosmological constant
Λ as claimed before or not ?
67
Λ=0
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...........
........
......D
...... S
.. . .
.. .
!!!•
.
!
!
.....•
.
!
!
L, M
α !!!!!!!
.....
..
.
.
.
.
. C.
.
.. !!!!!!!!
.
.
.
E !..!!!!!
....
α
....
•. . . . . . .
........
......
................. . . . . . . .
..
...
....
.....
Figure 6.1: A cosmological biangle
Consider the particularly clean system SDSS
J1004+4112.The lens L, a cluster of galaxies,
which is visible only via its X-rays , produces,
near the Earth E, a multiple image of the source
S, which is a quasar. Here are the observed numbers: α = 1000 ± 10%, α0 = 500 ± 10%, zS =
1.734, zL = 0.68, M = 5 · 1013 M ± 20%, τ 0 −
τ > 5.7 y (oct. 0 07). They are due to Ota et
al. (2006), the (proper) time of flight measurements τ , τ 0 are from Fohlmeister et al. (2007).
In [ACL073, ACL062, PP019, ACL074, PP018]
we have computed the bending angles and time
of flight difference for this system in presence of
a cosmological constant and confirm a Λ dependence.
1
6.7
Miscellaneous
Analysis Reference [OS003] introduces an algebra defined by quadratic relations in an algebra
of polynomials in an infinite number of variables.
Using it, some explicit formulas for the Sturm
sequence of a polynomial are proven.
Spinors Reference [ACL064] is a short review
of the algebraic properties of Clifford algebras
and spinors. Their use in the description of fundamental physics (elementary particles) is summarized.
7. Scientific report of the Cosmology
team
The cosmology team is composed of three university staff (Univ. de Provence): Pierre Taxil (PR1,
head of group), Christian Marinoni (PR2, IUF since oct. 2009) and Jean Marc Virey (MCF, HDR). Non
permanent staff during the period 2006-2010 have included 4 PhD students, Sebastien Linden, Adeline
Buzzi, Julien Bel (all three at Univ. de Provence) and Olga Cucciati (co-tutored by A. Iovino at Univ.
Milan). In addition, the team has hosted one Master II student per year, during their three-months
research projects. Scientists who have visited the Cosmology group for a period of at least one month
include Prof. S. Colafrancesco (INAF-Rome), and Dr. P. Monaco (Univ. Trieste). During the last four
years, the Cosmology group has published 55 articles in referred journals (plus 9 in press), contributed
to 11 conference proceedings and have given 27 invited talks. Members of the group have organized 3
major international conferences in Marseille.
The team regroups researchers having an expertise in cosmology and particle
physics which collaborate with several national and international groups of cosmologists, astrophysicists and (astro)particle physicists. Our core scientific activity is directly connected to the most active domains of research in the field of
cosmology and focuses on linear and semilinear modelling of the growth of structures in the high redshift universe, cosmological parameter extractions, higher
order statistics of the large scale matter distributions, and nature of dark energy.
These studies are expected to open up the way for interpreting major puzzles
such as the physical nature of the accelerated expansion of the universe.
The team has strong interdisciplinary interactions with scientific institutions in
Marseille: the Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) of the Observatoire Astromique de Marseille-Provence (OAMP Univ. de Provence) and the
Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (IN2P3-Univ. de la Méditerranée).
It has benefited from a number of collaborations with researchers in France (CEAParis, IAP-Paris, LATT-Toulouse), Italy (INAF-Milan, Univ. Bologna, Univ.
Rome), Switzerland (ETH-Zurich, Obs. Geneva), Germany (Max Planck, AIP
Potsdam), China (Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing), thanks in particular to its participation to leading and ongoing cosmological surveys (VVDS,
zCOSMOS, VIPERS).
The team has been funded by one CNRS grant (PEPS- Physique théorique et ses
interfaces) one junior-fellowship from the Institut Universitaire de France (20092014) and visiting professor fellowships from the University of Provence.
At the CPT scale, the team is engaged in sharing expertise and collaboration
with members of other teams interested in cosmology, in particular Th. Schücker
in the GPS team and the Quantum Gravity team.
69
70
7.1
CHAPTER 7. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE COSMOLOGY TEAM
Introduction
The activities of the Cosmology team have
been focused along four complementing lines of
research which explore:
• formal developments for analyzing the
growth of large scale structures in the
framework of linear and semi-linear theory
of density perturbations in an accelerated.
universe.
• computational geometry for reconstructing
continuous density fields and discrete clusters of galaxies.
• new testing strategies for extracting the
value of the constitutive parameters of the
Friedmann equations and interpreting the
nature of dark energy
• statistical techniques for the optimal analysis of multiple cosmological probes : Type
Ia Supernovae(SNIa), Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB), Weak lensing (WL)
and Large Scale Structures (LSS).
All these various aspects have been successfully
worked out ( in particular [ACL076, ACL094,
ACL098] with a total of 190 citations) and will
be highlighted and discussed synthetically below.
7.2
Linear
and
semi-linear
growth of density perturbations
C. Marinoni, A. Buzzi
The most radical conclusion of cosmological
research in the last few years was that the latetime expansion of the universe has not decelerated as expected from the gravitational effect of
the matter it contains. Direct evidence for this
unexpected plot twist emerged from studies of
Supernovae Ia treated as standard candles. The
initial reaction to these observations has been to
assume that gravitation is effectively described
in terms of a new constant of nature (the Einstein cosmological constant Λ). Nevertheless, the
modern practice is to regard Λ as a new gravitational source contributing to the stress-energy
tensor of the Einstein’s field equations of General Relativity (GR), and to interpret it as the
energy density associated to hypothetical cosmological species such as vacuum, topological defects or scalar fields. Notwithstanding, no quantum field theory can explain the observed value
of Λ and the term Dark Energy (DE) is generically used to encapsulate our ignorance of the
unknown physics that is being probed. On the
other hand, DE might not be considered as a
new cosmic source but rather as the failure of
the standard theory of gravity on large scales.
Tensor-scalar theories of general relativity or exotic braneworld and extra-dimensions models derived from fundamental physics have been proposed to make sense of the observations.
It is critical to develop new interpretative
paradigms and to assess the viability of these
alternative models by developing explicit predictions which can be contrasted against data
[ACL097]. Measurements of the redshift dependent Hubble parameter H(z) cannot distinguish true DE from a breakdown of GR, and
will therefore not be conclusive. This degeneracy can be broken by studying the linear growth
rate of large-scale structures at different epochs,
f (z). For a wide range of models the growth
rate is well described by the approximated form
f (z) = Ωm (z)γ (for example γ = 0.55 specifies
the standard Friedmann model, while γ = 0.68
describes the DGP braneworld model, an extradimensional modification of gravity). Thus, scenarios with the same expansion history H(z),
but different gravity will have a different growth
index γ. We showed [ACL100, ACTI028] that
a fingerprint of this growth is provided by coherent galaxy motions, which introduce a radial anisotropy in the 2-point correlation function ξ(rp , π) (see Fig. 7.1). Using a survey
of more than 20,000 faint galaxies at redshift
z ∼ 0.8 [ACL097], we modelled this anisotropy
which corresponds to a growth rate of structure
at that time of f = 0.91 ± 0.36. This is consistent with the standard cosmological-constant
model with low matter density and flat geometry. This theoretical strategy devised to challenge standard gravity was an original result
(see the joint press-release of CNRS and ESO
at http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0804/).
Anyway, measurements with a 40% error cannot constrain models yet (see Fig. 7.2). To pro-
7.3. VORONOI-DELAUNAY RECONSTRUCTION OF GALAXY DISTRIBUTION
vide breakthrough insights into the dark energy
mystery, a group of 18 scientists from Germany,
France, Italy, and United Kingdom, including
both theorists and observers, submitted in 2009 a
proposal for a large survey (VIPERS) which has
been accepted by the European Southern Observatory (ESO): early results are expected in 2012.
71
specific predictions at as-yet unexplored epochs
that are intermediate between the present era
and the time of decoupling. Knowledge of the
precise growth history of density inhomogeneities
provides also a way to test the theory of gravitation in an independent and complementary way
with respect to the study of distortions in the
redshift-space correlation function or in the cluster velocity function.
Figure 7.1: The redshift-space 2-point correlation
function ξ(rp , π) at z = 0.8. The effect of galaxy
infall produced by the growth of structure induces
the anisotropy along the vertical direction.
Figure 7.2: Estimates of the growth rate f (z) as
a function of the inverse of the cosmic expansion
Within the standard scenario of gravitational
factor 1 + z = a(t)−1 , compared to predictions
instability (GI), structures grow from weak, dark
from theoretical models. (solid red line: standard
matter density fluctuations present in the otherΛ scenario, upper dashed curves: models in which
wise homogeneous and rapidly expanding early
DE is coupled to dark matter, lower dot-dashed
universe. The standard version of the model inline: DGP braneworld model.
corporates the assumption that this primordial,
Gaussian-distributed fluctuations are amplified
by gravity, eventually turning into the rich strucrecontures we see today. In the local universe this so- 7.3 Voronoi-Delaunay
called GI paradigm has been shown to make sense
struction of galaxy distribuof a vast amount of independent observations.
tion
Deep redshift surveys allow us to test whether
the GR predictions of this assumption are also
C. Marinoni, O. Cucciati
valid at earlier epochs.
An approach we recently explored [ACL103,
ACTI029] consists in comparing the time evoBiasing
lution of the moments of the galaxy PDF, (i.e.
variance and normalized skewness) with the cor- Since gravitational theories predict the distriburesponding quantity theoretically predicted for tion of mass, a comprehensive description of the
matter fluctuations in the linear and semi-linear biasing scheme, i.e. of the functional relationship
perturbative regime. This provides a test of GI- between galaxies and the underlying dark matter
72
density fluctuations, is pivotal in mapping observations back onto the theoretical models. In particular, an extremely accurate knowledge of the
biasing function is essential if we want to probe
gravity and cosmological parameters in a competitive way using galaxies at high redshift.
Many techniques have been proposed to extract the biasing function. We continued to explore the advantages of a method, developed previously by Marinoni et al., which is based on
the analysis of the probability distribution function (PDF) of galaxy overdensities [PP028]. By
comparing the PDF of galaxy density contrasts
(reconstructed using the 3D Voronoi meshes in
the new zCOSMOS data [ACL089, ACL120,
ACL121]) with the theoretically predicted PDF
of mass fluctuations we have inferred the redshift, density and scale-dependence of the biasing
function b(z, δ, R) between galaxy and matter
overdensities δ, up to redshift z = 1.5 at the
scale R. Our results can be summarized as follows: i) the galaxy bias is found to be an increasing function of redshift: evolution is marginal up
to z ∼ 0.8 (approximatively the epoch at which
dark energy begins to dominate the energy budget) and more pronounced for z > 0.8; ii) the
formation of bright galaxies is inhibited below a
characteristic mass-overdensity threshold whose
amplitude increases with redshift and luminosity;
iii) we found, for the first time, that the biasing function is non-linear in all the redshift bins
investigated with non-linear effects of the order
of a few to ∼ 10% on scales > 5h−1 Mpc (h is
the Hubble constant in units of 100 km/s/Mpc);
iv) no simple theoretical model based for example on hierarchical merging of structures or, on
the opposite side, by "particle-conserving" gravitational action can reproduce the observationally
inferred function.
Density fields
There is a well known connection between galaxy
morphologies and the local environment wherein
galaxies reside.
A key question is whether
these environmental dependencies were established early on when galaxies first assembled, or
whether they are the present day cumulative end
product of multiple processes operating over a
Hubble time. We used the Voronoi-Delaunay
meshes to construct a physical definition of environment which is local and scale independent (see
Fig 7.3) and to establish an optimal functional
mapping between discrete properties of galaxies
(morphology) and continuous matter fields (see
PhD thesis of O. Cucciati).
Figure 7.3: Past light cone in a 1deg 2 window
stretching back up to an epoch in which the universe was only ∼ 4 Gyears old. (redshift range
0.4 < z < 1.4)
.
The accuracy and robustness of this density
reconstruction scheme allowed us to show for the
first time [ACL076] that the morphology-density
correlation shows a dramatic change as a function of cosmic time. While at lower redshift we
confirm the existence of the well known (steep)
morphology-density relation, with the fraction of
the elliptical(/spiral) galaxies of the same luminosity increasing(/decreasing) as a function of
density, this trend progressively disappears in the
highest redshift bins investigated. Our results
suggest the existence of an epoch (z ∼ 1) characterized by the absence of the morphology-density
relation on the R = 5h−1 Mpc scales investigated. The morphology-density relation, on the
R = 5h−1 Mpc scales, appear to be a transient,
cumulative product of environmental factors that
have been operating over at least a period of 9
Gyr. These findings, confirmed by further analysis [ACL130, ACL127] support an evolutionary
7.4. GEOMETRIC TESTS OF COSMOLOGY
73
scenario in which star formation/gas depletion
processes are accelerated in more massive objects
and in high density environments: star formation
activity is progressively shifting with cosmic time
towards lower massive galaxies (downsizing), and
out of high density environments. The importance of these findings have been highlighted by
a joint press-release of CNRS and ESO (see the
site http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0645/).
sidered free from systematic and uncontrolled uncertainties. Additionally, even if we parameterize
our ignorance about the wide range of theories of
dark energy by describing its nature only via a
simple equation of state (EoS) w = pX /ρX (the
ratio of the DE pressure pX to its energy density ρX ) we only have loose observational constraints on the precise value of the w parameter or on its time evolution w(z). In principle,
the expansion history of the cosmos can be determined quite easily, using as a standard rod any
distinguishable class of astronomical objects of
known intrinsic dimension that can be identified
over a wide distance range. A variety of standard
rod candidates have been explored in previous
attempts of implementing the angular diameterredshift test: galaxies, radio-sources or clusters
and, more recently, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
(BAO) imprinted in the large scale galaxy distribution. We have proposed a new implementation
strategy of the famous angular-diameter test. An
observable relationship exists between the speed
of rotation V of a spiral galaxy and its metric
radial dimension D (Tully & Fisher law). From
a theoretical perspective, this scaling relation is
explicitly predicted in the context of Cold Dark
Matter models of galaxy formation. We have suggested [ACL101, ACL102, ACL108] that it may
be used to select, in a physically justified way,
high redshift standard rods since galaxies having
the same rotational speed will statistically have
the same narrow distribution in physical sizes.
Building upon this original idea, we have proposed: i) to measure the value of fundamental
cosmological parameters and constrain the global
spatial geometry of the universe via the classical
angular-diameter test. ii) to test the coherence
of the metric theories of gravity through the distance duality relation and the validity of the cosmological principle via the consistency relation.
We were able to assemble a team of 10 scientists form various European institutions who
elaborated an observing strategy to carry out the
proposed cosmological test. The project was approved by ESO and and is now underway. We
expect first results in 2011.
Clusters of galaxies
The evolution of the cluster mass function is an
extremely sensitive probe of standard cosmological parameters as well as non-standard models of
gravity. A variant of this classical test of cosmology consists in counting clusters as a bivariate
function of redshift and line of sight velocity dispersion. At variance with mass, velocity dispersion can be reliably recovered using a robust cluster finding algorithm in deep optical redshift surveys of the universe. To this purpose Marinoni et
al. 2002 (ApJ 580,122) developed a new geometrical algorithm, the Voronoi Delaunay Method
which is based on the 3D Voronoi partition and
its dual, the Delaunay triangulation. Through
significant testing and simulation work, the code
has now grown up to the point of being one of the
most robust and used algorithm for reconstructing virialized structures in the deep universe. It
has been applied to all the three major deep redshift surveys currently ongoing: the DEEP2 survey, the VVDS survey [PP025] and the zCOSMOS survey [ACL119]. Work is underway to extract information about cosmological parameters
from the combined sample of these systems.
7.4
Geometric tests of cosmology
C. Marinoni, J.-M. Virey, P. Taxil, A. Buzzi
Despite the success of the relativistic
Friedmann-Lemaître model, the community is
faced with the challenge of developing and adding
new independent measurements supporting (or
falsifying) this so-called concordance model. We
still lack a definitive and convincing argument
demonstrating that the SNIa results can be con-
74
We then study the regions of the (w0 , wa ) fiducial
plane where one may confuse a flat cosmological
constant model with a fiducial non-flat dynamical dark energy model. We find that, with high
statistics, such confusions are seriously limited,
J.-M. Virey, P. Taxil, S. Linden but that some biases on the values of the other
cosmological parameters might be important (see
Multiple parameters are describing the phys- Fig.7.4).
ical universe: Curvature (Ωk = 1 − ΩT ),(mainly
dark)matter (ΩM ) and baryonic (Ωb ) densities,
Hubble expansion rate H0 etc.. In addition we
have to parametrize in some way the DE sector
in the hope of answering some crucial questions
(e.g. is the DE density running or not ? is the
equation of state constant in cosmic time ?). Unfortunately, the combination of different probes
does not break completely the degeneracy existing among the parameters. Additionnaly, when
performing the analysis we are still obliged to
make various kind of assumptions (theoretical,
astrophysical or purely instrumental) which are
potential sources of biases and can produce an erroneous interpretation of the data. In the recent
years, many of our works, performed in collaboration with the RENOIR group of CPPM, are
concerned by such prospective analysis.
Constraining simultaneously the dark energy
EoS and the curvature of the universe is known
to be difficult due to strong degeneracies. To circumvent this problem when analyzing data it is Figure 7.4: Illustration of the bias problem in
the (w0 , wa ) plane for a model with a small
quite usual to assume flatness to constrain dark
positive curvature. The fiducial ΛCDM model
energy, or conversely, to assume that dark en(w0 = −1, wa = 0) which is assumed is given
ergy is a cosmological constant to constrain curby the star. The solid 1σ contour corresponds to
vature. Such assumptions may provide biases if
the fit of simulated data with the wrong assumpthey are not true. In [ACL112] we have quantition of flatness.
fied this question in view of the large amount of
data which will be collected in the future. We
simulate data for type Ia supernovae, some CMB
We have also tested [ACL100] the robustand BAO parameters, with fiducial models hav- ness and flexibility of the CPL parametrization
ing non-zero curvature and dynamical dark en- of the DE equation of state in recovering a fourergy parametrized with the so-called Chevallier- parameter step-like fiducial model. We combined
Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the a SNIa sample as forecasted from a space misEoS: w[a(t)] = w0 + [1 − a(t)]wa , a(t) being the sion like SNAP/JDEM, with future expectations
scale factor.
for the CMB and BAO parameters. Then, we
By varying the curvature of the fiducial uni- constrained the parameter space region of an unverse, we analyze the biases which can occur in derlying fiducial model where the CPL paramethe reconstruction of (w0 , wa ) when flatness is as- terization offers a reliable reconstruction. It turns
sumed. We find that models with curvature in out that, except in the improbable case of recent
the ranges 0.95 < ΩT < 0.99 and 1.01 < ΩT < (z < 2.5) rapid transitions, the CPL yields a good
1.08 may induce a misinterpretation of the data. reconstruction.
7.5
Extraction of cosmological
parameters from various
probes
7.5. EXTRACTION OF COSMOLOGICAL PARAMETERS FROM VARIOUS PROBES
Concerning the SNIa probe itself, two studies
have been performed. First, we have estimated
the impact of the level of systematic errors on
the optimisation of SNIa surveys, emphasizing
their importance in deriving any "figure of merit"
[ACL093]. We found that, for small systematical
errors, a wide survey is adequate, but for high
systematics it is preferable to perform a deep survey (up to high z values).
In[ACTI024] we addressed the question of a
possible type Ia supernova magnitude evolution
on cosmic time scales, obtaining constraints on
cosmological and supernova evolution parameters
with combined fits on the present data (SNIa,
CMB, BAO). We found that the best-fit values imply a supernova magnitude evolution such
that high-redshift supernovae appear some percent brighter than it would be expected in a
standard cosmos with a dark energy component.
However, data are still consistent with non evolving magnitudes at the 1σ level, except for special cases. We simulated a scenario where SNIa
magnitude evolution is allowed for, neglecting the
possibility of such an evolution in the fit. We find
the fiducial models for which the wrong model
assumption is not detectable, and for which biases on the fitted cosmological parameters are in-
75
troduced : it is the mass density ΩM parameter
which has the strongest chances to be biased due
to the wrong model assumption.
To get precise and reliable constraints it is
mandatory to perform some multi-probe analysis of the data, with the smallest possible number of priors. Such analysis has been performed
in (2006) with current data [ACL085]. The
method, using a frequentist approach, is to combine probes without any prior constraints, taking
full account of the correlations in the parameters. We have used SNIa and CMB data, with
the hypothesis of an evolving dark energy component and we also considered the impact of future weak lensing surveys. In 2007, in collaboration with the cosmology group of the Institute
of High Energy Physics of Beijing (China), we
have performed a combined analysis of the power
spectrum of density perturbations measured by
the SDSS and 2dF collaborations, plus the SNIa
and CMB data, therefore constraining simultaneaously a dynamical DE equation of state and
the curvature of the universe [ACL094]. These
preliminary studies have shown the great interest of combining different cosmological probes for
breaking the various degeneracies existing among
the cosmological parameters (see [OS004]).
8. Scientific report of the Quantum
Gravity team
The team is formed by 19 members: three permanent ones (Carlo Rovelli, Alejandro Perez, Simone
Speziale), six postdocs (Eugenio Bianchi, Antonino Marcianò, Marco-Valerio Battisti, Elena Magliaro,
Muxin Han, Christian Roeken), seven doctoral students (Roberto Pereira, Claudio Perini, Valentin
Bonzom, Daniele Pranzetti, You Ding, Matteo Smerlak, Francesca Vidotto), and three long-term
visitors (Daniele Regoli, David Beke, Pietro Donà). In the last 4 years, the team has graduated five
doctoral students, all of whom have obtained postdoctoral positions, and has hosted ten postdocs. The
group has obtained and leads two ANR grants, in 2006 and 2009. A. Perez has become junior member
of the IUF and has been promoted Professor. C. Rovelli has been confirmed senior member of the IUF,
has been promoted Professor “de Classe Exceptionnelle”, and Honorary Professor at the Beijing Normal
University. The group has enlarged with the addition of S. Speziale, CR2, in 2008.
The CPT quantum-gravity team is a world-leading research group in non-string
quantum gravity. The research work is centered on the problem of understanding
the quantum properties of the gravitational field, in particular, but not uniquely,
in the context of the loop approach to quantum-gravity (loop quantum gravity,
or LQG). The years 2006-2010 have been particularly productive for the team,
with a total of over a 100 papers completed, many with strong impact, and the
solution of some long-standing difficulties in LQG.
Three main scientific results have been obtained during the last four years:
1. A technique for solving the long-standing problem of extracting lowenergy physics from the background-independent framework of quantum gravity
[ACL139,ACL131]. Preliminary low-energy calculations have been completed
using this technique [ACL180].
2. A definition of the LQG dynamics in the covariant (“spinfoam”) formalism
[ACL143,ACL162], the proof of its equivalence with the kinematics of the canonical formulation [ACL162], and the establishment of its relation to general relativity in a suitable approximation, in the Lorentzian case [PP033].
3. A new derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking black-hole entropy formula from
LQG, which does not rely on a gauge choice and yields new subleading terms
[PP038].
The national and international visibility of the group is very high and has been
boosted by the results of these four years. These developments have made the
CPT quantum-gravity team a well-recognized world-leading research group in
non-string quantum gravity.
77
78
CHAPTER 8. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE QUANTUM GRAVITY TEAM
Members of the Quantum Gravity team are
regularly invited as plenary speakers at international conferences, featured in large-public media, or invited to write on top-class scientific media (see for instance [ACL152,ACL135]). The
LOOPS conference series initiated by the group
back in 2004 has now evolved into a regular international meeting, with 200-300 participants. The
group enjoys a sustained and continuous stream
of visitors, mostly coming with their own financial support. Similarly, all the doctoral students
and most of the postdocs are supported by their
own (foreign or external) financial support. The
team is a leading player in large network of international collaborations (Berlin, Nottingham,
Toronto, Mexico city, Rome, Penn State).
The description of the scientific production of
the group can be organized along four main direc-
tions: 1. Formulation and the application of the
canonical formulation of LQG. 2. Development
of the covariant formulation of LQG (spinfoams).
3. Other topics in theoretical physics. 4. Some
topics in history and philosophy of science.
8.1
Canonical LQG
The description of the quantum properties of
the gravitational field remains an open problem
in fundamental physics. Tentative fundamental
theories that combine quantum field theory with
general relativity exist, but at present there is
neither theoretical consensus, not empirical support for any of them. After string theory, Loop
Quantum Gravity (LQG) is the most studied
among the tentative quantum theories of gravity.
Loop Quantum Gravity, or LQC, is a tentative quantum theory of gravity, based on a general relativistic
formulation of quantum field theory. A background spacetime is not assumed a priori: it emerges only
when the quantum states are semiclassical. A generic state of the theory can be expressed as a quantum
superposition of a basis of states (called spin-network states) that diagonalize operators corresponding
to certain geometrical quantities (areas and volumes) which are functions of the gravitational field.
These operators turn out to have discrete spectra. This fact indicate that space has a “granular"
structure at the Planck scale, and is at the origin of the expected ultraviolet finiteness of the theory.
A spin-nework state admits a representation as a graph colored with spins. See Figure 5.1.
morphisms”. Its structure is quite different from
conventional quantum field theory, which is built
on a fixed spacetime background. In particular,
the key result is the granularity of space at short
scales, in the sense that geometric operators have
discrete spectra, with minimal excitations proportional to the Planck length. This result has
led to the expectation that the theory might naturally solve the problem of singularities in classical general relativity. The last four years have
seen a remarkable confirmation of this expectation in the contexts of black hole physics and cosmology.
LQG is currently studied in two versions: the
canonical formulation, in which the theory was
originally conceived; and a covariant one, develFigure 8.1: A spin network
oped more recently. The canonical formulation of
LQG is now rather well-established and the main
LQG is a quantum field theory with the full gauge current developments regard applications of the
invariance of general relativity, which includes theory. Two of these applications raise today susgeneral coordinate transformations, or “diffeo- tained interest: black-hole thermodynamics and
8.1. CANONICAL LQG
79
quantum cosmology. The team has contributed initial singularity. The general relation between
to both of these fields.
the full quantum theory and its cosmological approximation has been investigated in [ACL142]
and in [ACL194].
Black holes
This research direction has begun to provide
A first-principles derivation of the celebrated a crossover area with the CPT cosmology group.
Bekenstein-Hawking black-hole entropy formula Such a synergy also meets a recommandation
S = A/4~G (where S is the entropy of the black made by the evaluation committee of the labohole, A is the area of the black-hole surface and ratory in 2006.
G is the Newton constant) was obtained in LQG
in 1996. However, the best available derivation to
date made use of a peculiar gauge choice (reducing the local SU (2) invariance of the canonical
theory to U (1)). The équipe has found a new
derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy
formula which does not require this gauge choice
and leads to new subleading terms [PP038]. This
result has given rise to a lively debate within the
field.
Other results in black-hole physics are: the
first attempts to show that LQG cures the r = 0
singularity at the center of black holes [ACL133];
an attempt to study the characterization of blackhole states within the full background indepen- Figure 8.2: The evolution of the universe according to loop quantum cosmology.
dent theory, without relying on any semiclassical
argument [ACL191], and a study of quantization
ambiguities on the derivation of the black hole Coherent states
thermodynamics [ACL165].
An important contribution of the group is the
construction of coherent states in quantum gravQuantum cosmology
ity. These states have later turned out to be
The application of LQG to cosmology is cur- an essential ingredient in a number of different
rently a very active research area. During that context: from the analysis of the classical limit
last decade, an increasing amount of evidence of the theory, to the low energy particle scatindicates that LQG implies that quantum ef- tering calculations, and even for some derivafects control the initial singularity and the “big tions of the very dynamical equations of the thebang” is replaced by a “big bounce” from a pre- ory. The construction of these states have revious contracting phase of the universe [ACL152] quested a long development in which several re(See Figure 8.2). These results have mostly been search teams have been involved (Potsdam, Erderived in the context of a homogeneous and lagen, Toronto, Lyon). The CPT team has conisotropic quantum cosmology, where the only rel- tributed repeatedly to this development, from the
evant gravitational degree of freedom is the cos- early paper [ACL151], to the recent comprehenmological scale factor. The group has begun to sive mathematical constructions given in [PP034]
study the early universe in a wider context, ob- and [PP040].
tained as a truncation of the full theory and including a finite number of inhomogeneous degrees Other results in canonical LQG
of freedom [ACL173, ACTI036]. The hope is that
this approach could yield a (tentative) descrip- Other results include the construction of the
tion of the full quantum state of the geometry in quantum operator corresponding to the length
the highly non-classical regimes near the classical of a curve (which is a physical observable func-
80
tion of the gravitational field in general relativity) [ACL178]; preliminary attempts to formulate
statistical quantum gravity [ACL198]; a novel
derivation of the LQG kinematics from a “topological” truncation of general relativity [PP035];
and the continuation of the discussion on the discreteness of area and volume in LQG [PP045].
Encyclopedias,
works, etc
reviews,
collective
Several Encyclopedias [OS005,OS006,OS009], editors of review books [OS012,OS011,OS010], online review journals [ACL174] have asked members of the group to write entries. Other review
articles are [ACTI039].
8.2
that defined the dynamics (like the e-e-γ vertex
amplitude in QCD). This corrects the shortcomings of the definition previously used. The technical step that has allowed the progress has been
the realization that certain classical constraints
equations in the quantum theory could be softened (à la Gupta-Bleuler).
6
8
Σf
q
5
3
6
7
s1
1
8
Covariant LQG: spinfoams
The results of the group that have had the
strongest impact are in the framework of the covariant, or spinfoam, formulation of LQG. The
canonical formulation of the theory has welldefined and physically compelling backgroundindependent kinematics, but the analysis of the
dynamics (coded in the hamiltonian constraint
operator) has turned out to be elusive. This is
why a consistent part of the research has focused
towards the covariant formulation, which appears
to be more promising for unraveling the dynamics.
The proof that the canonical and covariant
formulations (that developed independently) define in fact the same theory is one of the major results obtained by the Marseille team during these
four years [ACL163,ACL162].
sf
3
p
si
5
3
Σi
7
Figure 8.3: A spinfoam
The covariant quantum theory expressed in
terms of the new vertex has a surprisingly simple form. The resulting model can be viewed
as the four-dimensional generalization of the old
Ponzano-Regge model. As in the PonzanoRegge case, a rather simple and natural grouptheoretical object (a 15-j Wigner symbol contracted with suitable “fusion” coefficient that
map between SU(2) and SL(2,C) representations)
turns out, very surprisingly, to define a quantum
theory whose classical limit yields the Einstein
equations.
The “new vertex” amplitude
This “new vertex” has been independently
The result of the group that has had the strongest found by the Marseille group and by researchers
impact has been the definition of a “new vertex”, in Lyon, Nottingham and Toronto, using different
namely of a new version of the elementary vertex techniques.
In the covariant version of LQG, quantum transition amplitudes turn out to be expressed as a sums over
“histories of spin network states". A history of a spin network state is called a spinfoam, and admits a
geometrical representation as a two-simplex (a collection of faces meeting at edges, in turn meeting at
vertices) colored with spins. See Figure 5.3. These spinfoams play the role of (generalized) Feynman
diagrams of the theory. The amplitude is determined by a vertex amplitude. The full structure of a
vertex is illustrated in Figure 5.4.
8.2. COVARIANT LQG: SPINFOAMS
An essential property of this construction is
that it has finally lead to a proof of the equivalence (long assumed but never proved) between
the kinematics of the canonical and that of the
covariant background-independent formalisms.
The “new vertex” amplitude was introduced
and developed by the CPT team in [ACL143,
ACL162, ACL163, ACL171, ACL188, ACL161,
PP037]. The relation with the canonical theory was clarified in [ACL163,ACL162]. The
analysis of the semiclassical limit of the vertex, started in [ACL167,ACL175,ACL179], was
later developed mostly by the Nottingham research group, in collaboration with the CPT
group for the physical, Lorentzian, case [PP033].
Alternative constructions have been explored in
[ACL182,ACL183,ACL184].
Figure 8.4: The vertex structure in a spinfoam.
General covariant n-point functions
A mathematical definition of a quantum theory
of gravity is useless unless we know how to derive
low-energy physics. This is important in order to
compare the theory with classical general relativity, and hence test its viability, but also in view of
the long-term objective of comparing the theory
with observations.
The possibility of testing a quantum theory of gravity appeared remote only a few
years ago; but is now perhaps less remote, af-
81
ter the observations by the MAGIC telescope,
by the GLAST, AUGER and other experiences,
which have revealed effects that could (or could
not) be of quantum-gravitational origin: e.g.,
the detection in 2007 of an energy-dependent
delay in the arrival of flares from the active
galaxy Markarian 501. The effect might turn
out not to be confirmed, or not to be of
quantum-gravitational origin, but this still shows
that quantum-gravitational effects are within the
reach of current technology, in spite of the smallness of their characteristic scale. Developing
a tentative quantum theory of gravity to the
point of computing such effects quantitatively becomes today of major interest. The problem is
non-trivial because most of the QFT standard
techniques rely on the existence of a spacetime
background, which is absent in non-perturbative
quantum gravity.
A major success of our team has been the introduction of a technique for deriving low-energy
physics from the background independent formalism, in a suitable approximation scheme. The
technique, which is based on the so-called boundary formalism (used in lattice QCD and conformal field theories), was introduced and developed
in [ACL139,ACL171,ACL196,ACL185,ACL159]
and [ACL131] (2005 IOP Selection award). The
idea is to compute amplitudes for quantum transitions happening in a finite spacetime region R,
as functions of the quantum state of the system
on the boundary of R, and to code the information about the background geometry –around
which the expansion is considered– in the value
of this boundary state. The technique has been
tested in 3d [ACL160].
The technique has been used by the team
to show that the “old” quantum gravity vertex does not yield the correct low-energy limit
[ACL140,ACL156,ACL155,ACTI034,ACL193].
It has then been used to provide the first indications that the new quantum gravity vertex does yield the correct low-energy limit
[ACL176,ACL180]. Particularly, in [ACL180] the
graviton propagator, including its full tensorial
structure, has been derived from the full background independent formalism. This is a result
that was long searched for in quantum gravity.
The analysis of the radiative corrections on
82
the theory, using this technique, has just begun observables effects in the classical theory, if the
[ACL195,ACL193].
fermions are minimally coupled [ACL137].
The canonical transformation on the action
of general relativity which leads to the Ashtekar
Anomalies and quantization ambiguiformulation, which is at the root of the LQG forties
malism, has been studied in [ACL190] and genThe team has devoted a particular attention to a eralized to a wider class of transformations.
Other results in classical general relativity
critical analysis of possible intrinsic difficulties of
LQG. In particular: the possibility of quantum include study of topological limits of the theanomalies [ACL181,PP044], and the existence of ory [PP041,ACTI038], a geometrical analysis
quantization ambiguities [ACL136]. Quantiza- of the Holst formalism [ACL145,ACL146], the
tion ambiguities could plague the theory in the study of the compatibility between the gauges
same sense in which non-renormalizability does: used in quantum gravity [ACL148], the analyby opening up the possibility that physical pre- sis of the asymptotic behavior of the fields in
dictions depend on an infinite number of param- the first order formalism [ACL158], and others
eters in principle. For this reason it is important [PP047,ACL189,ACL151].
to study in depth the possibility that they could
arise, and, if they do, whether there are physi- Interpretation of QM
cal principles selecting out a preferred choice and
The group has a side interest in the foundation
univocal predictions.
of quantum theory.
An analysis of the standard scenario for the
Other results in covariant LQG
quantum origin cosmic perturbation and its relevance of the problem of the collapse in quantum
Matter couplings have been explored in
theory has been given in [ACL134].
[ACL144]. The quantization of various generalDuring a one-year visit, A. Valentini has
covariant models has been studied in detail, with
developed his version of the de Broglie-Bohm
the purpose of learning lessons useful for gravtheory (in which the Bohm equilibrium is not
ity. Among these, the Jackiw-Teitelboim model
assumed a priori, but only recovered dynam[ACL187] and strings coupled to topological BF
ically, allowing to possible violations of contheory [ACL170,ACL164,ACL141]. The derivaventional quantum dynamics), exploring the
tion of the path integral measure from the canonpossibility of cosmological tests of the theory
ical theory has been attempted in [PP039]. The
[OS016,PP048,PP049,ACL154].
suggested possibility of the emergence of fractal
The “relational interpretation” of quantum
spacetime from LQG has been critically evalutheory,
previously introduced by the group, has
ated in [PP042]. Recurrence relations for the vertex amplitude have been derived in [PP036]. An been applied to the EPR situation in [ACL153].
A modification of the quantum-theory axattempt to derive the covariant dynamics from
the canonical one has ben given in [ACL157]. ioms needed to use measurement theory in a
Finally a different expansion for the transition generally covariant context have been studied in
[ACL147,ACL149].
amplitudes has been attempted in [ACL166].
Others
8.3
Other topics
Other topics include “Doubly special relativity”
[PP046]; a discussion of the notion of particle in
Classical general relativity
the presence of curved spacetime [ACL186] (2005
The group has shown that contrary to what was IOP Selection award); works in classical cosmolgenerally assumed, the Immirzi parameter (a con- ogy [ACL177]; and non commutative geometry
stant which in gravity is the analog of the con- [ACTI037,ACTI035,ACL172]
stant θQCD in quantum chromodynamics) has
8.4. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
83
he has been awarded the first prize of the FQXi
contest for the article [OS013].
8.4
History and philosophy of
science
8.5
C. Rovelli has some interests in the history
and philosophy of science. He has published a
book on the ancient Greek scientist-philosopher
Anaximander [OS014]. He has written entries for
various philosophy encyclopedias [OS007,OS008]
and a book [OV003], book reviews [ACL150], and
Popularization
The book Qu’est ce que l’éspace? Qu’est ce
que le temps? by Rovelli has been published in
Italian, French [OV003], and English [OV002].
Rovelli is highly engaged in scientific popularization, including a number of public lectures, CD’s,
radio shows, and more.
9. Scientific report of the Statistical
Physics team
The team is formed by 7 permanent members (2 of them Emeritus): Alain Barrat (DR2-CNRS),
Salvador Miracle-Sole (DREM-CNRS), Jean Ruiz (DR2-CNRS) 50%, Senya Shlosman (DR1-CNRS),
Daniel Gandolfo (MCF-HDR), Madeleine Sirugue-Collin (PREM-UP), Valentin Zagrebnov (PR1-UM,
33%). In the last 4 years, the group has graduated two doctoral students (Yvon Vignaud and Thomas
Jaeck), and 4 students are currently doing their PhD in the group: Paolo Bajardi, Ibrahim Baydoun,
Mathieu Beau, Juliette Stehlé.
Visiting scientists: Aernout van Enter (Math Institute Groningen), Dmitry Ioffe (Technion), Daniel
Ueltschi (Warwick), Volker Betz (Warwick), Philippe Blanchard (Bielefeld), Andreas Krüger (Bielefeld), Tyll Krüger (Bielefeld), Maurizio Serva (l’Aquila), Hans Otto Georgii (Munich), Robert Minlos
(Moscou), Vittorio Loreto (Rome), Alexandre Rybko (Moscow), Alexandre Valdimirov (Moscow).
The statistical physics team has a long history of activities in the field of rigorous
statistical mechanics. These activities are carried out by the team, aiming at a
better understanding of phase transitions. The team has moreover expanded its
range of research fields. In particular, an important domain of activity which has
emerged regards the field of complex networks and its interdisciplinary applications, which is very active at the international level. The team’s activities in
this area are internationally recognized, and are presently at the forefront of the
field’s most recent developments.
85
86
9.1
CHAPTER 9. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE STATISTICAL PHYSICS TEAM
Complex networks
In the last decade, the interdisciplinary field
of complex networks has allowed to describe
many systems of origins as diverse as infrastructure, biological or social networks. Empirical
studies have uncovered the presence of ubiquitous features in these networks, such as the smallworld property, or strong heterogeneities in the
topological structure. This versatility of the description of systems in terms of graphs, the novel
accessibility of large datasets concerning very different systems, combined with this emergence
of common empirical properties, has stimulated
an enormous research effort in several directions:
empirical studies and definition of tools for the
statistical characterization of large networks and
the investigation of their structure, modeling efforts, and studies of the influence of complex
topologies on the many dynamical phenomena
which unfold on networks. The research efforts
have moreover often given rise to interdisciplinary
collaborations. The team has given contributions
to these various research directions, and is at the
forefront of the new emerging research directions
such as the study of dynamic networks..
Structure and modeling
Many real-world networks have been found empirically to be very heterogeneous, in the sense
that the distributions of the number of neighbours exhibit long tails, often approximated by
power-laws: most nodes have few neighbours,
but “hubs” with a lot of neighbours are also
found, and no “characteristic” number of neighbours can be defined. The definition of models
able to reproduce such characteristics has then
appeared as very important. In this context, we
have introduced a -rather large- class of scalefree random graphs, inhomogeneous extensions
of the well-known Erdös-Renyi graphs – Random
Cameo Graphs – with a random variable attached
to each vertex, allowing a rigorous mathematical
treatment (especially, we obtain rigorous bounds
concerning the vertex connectivity and the giant
component diameter when the number of vertices
goes to infinity). This leads to a better understanding of the basic properties and to an easier
approach of specific realistic models.
Moreover, we have made progresses in the understanding of the structure of complex networks,
and in particular of the renormalization process recently defined to determine “universality
classes” of networks. We have introduced a general method to analyze renormalization flows of
complex networks. We have performed finite-size
scaling analysis on various classes of computergenerated networks in order to classify them in
universality classes [ACL212,ACL221].
Dynamical phenomena on complex networks
Complex networks are often the support of dynamical phenomena: data traffic on the Internet, epidemic or information spreading on social
networks, etc... It is thus very important to understand how the structure of complex networks
(and in particular, their heterogeneity) affects the
properties of these phenomena.
In the context of traffic models, we have
considered the particle systems corresponding to
highly connected queuing networks. We have examined the validity of the so-called Poisson Hypothesis (PH), which predicts that the Markov
process, describing the evolution of such particle
system, started from a reasonable initial state,
approaches the equilibrium in time independent
of the size of the network. This is indeed the case
in many situations; however, there are networks
for which the relaxation process slows down. This
behavior reflects the fact that the corresponding
infinite system undergoes a phase transition. It
is characterized by the property that different
nodes of the network start to evolve in a synchronous way. The limiting interacting particle
system behaves in a periodic manner. In other
words, the corresponding network never equilibrates. This phenomenon is similar to the continuous symmetry breaking at low temperatures in
statistical mechanics, with the average load playing the role of the inverse temperature. Such
transition can happen only when the load per
node exceeds some critical value. The general
mean-field type networks at low load behaves in
accordance with the Poisson Hypothesis. This
is a “high-temperature” counterpart of the above
statement. In other words, the above mentioned
phase transition in the networks can happen at
9.1. COMPLEX NETWORKS
high load, but cannot take place at low load
[ACL214,ACL215].
We have also studied one of the simplest
possible dynamical phenomena, namely random
walks on complex networks. Interestingly, these
processes can have applications very diverse. For
instance, it is possible to represent the phase
space of models of relevance for the glass transition in terms of a network of free energy minima connected by saddles, and the evolution of
the system as a random walk in such a network.
This analogy has allowed us to put in perspective
previous results on the relation between the energies of the minima and their number of neighbors,
and to suggest new investigations [ACL218].
Another application concerns the description
of the collective dynamics of social annotation
websites (such as flickr.com), which are currently
the subject of many investigations in computer
science: in such sites, individuals freely associate sets of keywords (“tags”) to resources (pictures, bibliographic references, webpages...). The
collective dynamics emerging from the uncoordinated action of millions of users gives rise to
very rich structures that can be studied in terms
of complex networks. We have shown that this
process of social annotation can be seen as a
collective but uncoordinated exploration of an
underlying semantic space, pictured as a graph,
through a series of random walks. This modeling framework reproduces several aspects, so far
unexplained, of social annotation, among which
the peculiar growth of the size of the vocabulary
used by the community and its complex network
structure [ACL219].
87
novel characterization tools, and a model for dynamically evolving network which reproduces the
corresponding phenomenology [ACL220].
Figure 9.1: Schematic illustration of the RFID sensor system. RFID tags are worn as badges by the
individuals participating to the experiments. A
face-to-face contact is detected when two persons
are close and facing each other. The interaction
signal is then sent to the antenna.
Figure 9.2: snapshot of the visualization. Individuals wearing an RFID tag are represented as
discs labeled with the numeric identifier of their
tag. Edges represent ongoing face-to-face proximity. The labels referring to rooms in the venue
denote the location of antennas. The sidebar disDynamically evolving networks
plays the status of the system and some global
statistics computed over the contact network.
An important recent development of the field
consists in taking into account the fact that
many networks evolve dynamically, with nodes
In the context of dynamic networks, a major
and links appearing and disappearing on various issue regards the gathering of empirical datasets,
timescales. This opens a whole new field of rein order to go beyond the design and study of
search as the dynamics of networks need to be toy models. In this context, we have also started
empirically studied and characterized, possibly a collaboration with the ENS Lyon and the ISI
through new, adequate tools. The network’s dy- foundation in Turin, to develop a measuring innamics may also have a strong impact on the dy- frastructure for the dynamics of contacts between
namical processes that occur on top of it. In this individuals in specific settings such as a sciencontext, we have studied empirical data on the tific conference. This project, called “Sociopatdynamics of a transportation network, proposed terns”, and its outcomes, are described in the
88
webpage http://www.sociopatterns.org. The
infrastructure is based on active RFID badges
that can be carried for instance as conference
badges. The badges worn by two persons interact
only when these persons are standing face to face
at short distance (1-2 meters), see figure 9.1, and
relay then the information to antennas placed in
the environment. Several empirical datasets have
been collected in 2009, in various scientific conferences [ACTI040], and their characterization and
analysis is in progress. Figure 9.2 shows a snapshot of the dynamic graph visualization that has
been developed within the project, and figure 9.3
displays, as an example of preliminary analysis,
the distribution of the duration of contacts between two individuals, in some of the conferences
in which the infrastructure has been deployed.
0
10
P(∆t)
10
10
-2
-4
-6
10
-8
10
2
10
First-Order Phase Transitions for Very
Nonlinear Sigma Models
One of the main predictions of the Renormalisation Group theory is the “universality” principle.
Although in many cases such RG predictions have
been confirmed, there are some examples where,
somewhat unexpectedly, first-order instead of the
predicted second-order (or absence of any) transitions were observed numerically.
We were able to find and to study rigorously
a class of models which possess global rotation
symmetries, yet which undergo first-order transitions, whereas the universality predictions of the
RG suggest second-order transitions. Our result
settled the dispute in the physical literature concerning the nature of the transition [ACL204].
In [ACL199] we show that by a minor adaptation of the Dobrushin-Kotecký-Shlosman technique one can prove the occurrence of a first-order
phase transition in the generalized XY model
for large values of non-linearity parameter. Our
analysis covers also the case of the first-order (instead of the BKT) phase transition for a class of
annealed diluted lattice-gas models.
4
Contact duration ∆t
10
Figure 9.3: Probability distribution of duration of
contacts between any two given persons, for 4
different deployments of the Sociopatterns infrastructure. Strikingly, the distributions show a similar long-tail behavior independently of the setting
or context where the deployment took place.
9.2
dictions. One of the objectives of the team is
to obtain rigorous and firmly grounded results in
this field.
Phase transitions
The study of phase transitions represents one
of the pillars of statistical physics. While the
“global picture” is most often well understood,
and many numerical and analytical tools have
been devised, the number of rigorous results, or
exactly solved models, is still quite limited, and
many controversies are still found in the literature, with different methods giving different pre-
Droplet
Growth
Condensation
and
Crystal
The phenomenon of droplet condensation in the
framework of the Ising model was first described
in the papers by R. Dobrushin and S. Shlosman.
They were able to find the value of the concentration of the plus-phase in the minus-phase,
at which the plus-phase vapor creates a single
macro-droplet. However, this macro-droplet is of
sublinear size.
Recently, together with Dima Ioffe we have
studied a simple model describing the coexistence
of solid and vapor phases, again in the framework of the Ising model. The solid phase forms a
crystal, while the vapor phase surrounds it. We
show that when the concentration of supersaturated vapor reaches the dew-point, the droplet
of solid is created spontaneously on the interface, adding to it a monolayer of a "visible" size.
9.3. GEOMETRICAL ASPECTS OF PHASE TRANSITIONS
89
More precisely, the size of the monolayer is at
least ccrit (β)N , where N is the size of the crystal, while β is the inverse temperature, and the
critical value ccrit (β) > 0 [OS020].
The line tension of a sessile drop
Within a semi–infinite three–dimensional lattice gas model describing the coexistence of two
phases on a substrate, we have studied, by cluster
expansion techniques, the free energy (line tension) associated with the contact line between the
two phases and the substrate. We show that this
line tension is given at low temperature by a convergent series whose leading term is negative, and Figure 9.4: D = 3. Density of sites in macroscopic
cycles versus temperature (α is proportional to
equals 0 at zero temperature [ACL205].
the temperature). The system size is |Λ| = L3 .
Solid curve: density of the Bose condensate.
Mean–field theory of the Potts gas
We have considered a gas of classical particles
having q distinct colours, interacting via a meanfield Potts potential, and subject to an external
field; a colour-independent molecular interaction
of mean-field type is also admitted. In contrast
with the usual lattice Potts model, the Potts gas
exhibits the specific volume as a parameter, in
addition to colour-ordering. This dependence is
studied in detail, and the complete phase diagram
is derived. It turns out that, for q ≥ 3, the transition to colour-ordering implies a jump of density. For q = 2, this transition is continuous but
may become discontinuous under the influence of
a suitable molecular interaction [ACL201].
Random Permutations
Einstein condensation
and
Bose-
We have introduced a model of random permutations of the sites of the cubic lattice related to the
study of Bose–Einstein condensation. Permutations are weighted so that sites are preferably sent
onto neighbours. In the model considered, the
probability of
π : Λ → Λ(Λ ⊂ Zd )
Q a permutation
2
−α|x−π(x)|
is given by x∈Λ e
where the parameter α is proportional to the temperature of the
system. We present numerical evidence for the
occurrence of a transition to a phase with infinite,
macroscopic cycles in dimension three [ACL206].
The model of random permutations with cycle interactions is under study.
9.3
Geometrical
aspects
phase transitions
of
One of the main characteristics of the
Fortuin–Kasteleyn representation of Ising and
Potts models (the so called random–cluster
model) is that the geometrical transition (appearance of an infinite cluster) corresponds precisely
to the thermodynamic transition associated with
the appearance of a spontaneous magnetization
(in the absence of external field).
Thermodynamic vs geometric phase
transitions
The critical behavior of the Ising model in the absence of an external magnetic field can be specified either through spontaneous symmetry breaking (thermal criticality) or through cluster percolation (geometric criticality). We have extended
this to finite external fields for the case of the
Potts model, showing that a geometric analysis
leads to the same first-order/second-order structure as found in thermodynamic studies. We have
calculated the Kertèsz line, separating percolating and non-percolating regimes, both analytically and numerically for the Potts model in the
presence of an external magnetic field [ACL210].
90
We have also proved that the first order phase
transition implies a jump in the density of the infinite cluster, hence the Kertész line remains below the line of first order phase transition. We
have also analyzed the region of large fields and
obtained, using techniques of stochastic comparisons, an approximate equation for this line.
model with arbitrary spin as functions of the temperature has been investigated through intensive
Monte Carlo simulations. We have considered
these quantities for each color of the model and
found that these topological invariants show a
sharp transition at the critical point.
Thermodynamic vs topological phase
transitions
We have presented a study of phase transitions of
the mean–field Potts model on the lattice. Both
thermodynamic and topological aspects of these
transitions are considered. For the first aspect
we have given an explicit equation of the thermodynamic transition line in the (temperature–
magnetic field) plane as well as the magnitude of
the jump of the magnetization. We have also obtained the equation of the Kertész line separating
the two behaviours [ACL209].
We have also described the fluctuations of the
density vector, including the conditional fluctuations on the critical line and the non-Gaussian
fluctuations at the extremity of the critical line.
The probabilities of each of the two thermody- Figure 9.5: Ising model. Mean values of the EulerPoincaré characteristic. Spin values a = ±1, sysnamically stable states on the critical line are also
tem size |Λ| = 1002 .
computed. Similar results are inferred for the
Random-Cluster model on the complete graph.
Better knowledge of the properties of these
[ACL213,ACL223].
topological invariants could allow to understand
Phase transition for topological invari- how the topology of equilibrium spin configurations is related to the critical behavior [ACL200].
ants
The behaviour of the mean Euler–Poincaré characteristic and mean Betti’s numbers in the Ising
10. Scientific report of the Nanophysics
team
The nanophysics team of CPT is composed of 5 staff members: 2 CNRS researchers (Thibaut Jonckheere and Jérôme Rech) and of 3 university teaqcher-researchers (Adeline Crépieux, Pierre Devillard
and Thierry Martin). Jérome Rech joined the team early october 2009. During the last 4 years, the
team has trained 5 PhD students and has hosted 2 postdoctoral fellows. It has organized 2 major
international conferences (in Hanoi, Vietnam and La Thuile, Italy) as well as several national meetings.
The nanophysics team has focused its research activities on quantum transport
in mesoscopic and nanoscale systems: these are systems whose temperature and
size are sufficiently small so that carrier propagation occurs in a phase-coherent
manner. Activities of this team range from the computation of transport properties such as current and noise (current fluctuations), to the detection mechanisms
of the latter. The systems under study belong to the known paradigms of mesoscopic physics: one dimensional quantum wires - such as carbon nanotubes and
edge states in the quantum Hall effect - described as Luttinger liquids; quantum dots connected to metallic leads; hybrid superconducting systems; molecular
electronics and spintronics; quantum information issues visited from the point
of view of condensed matter theory; integer quantum Hall effect in periodic
systems. In the following pages, we give a synthetic description of our works,
organized in five main subject areas:
1. Detection of finite frequency current moments
2. Transport in quantum wires: carbon nanotubes and edge states in the fractional quantum Hall effect
3. Quantum Hall effect
4. Molecular electronics and spintronics
5. Hybrid superconducting devices: molecular electronics and quantum information.
91
92
CHAPTER 10. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE NANOPHYSICS TEAM
10.1
Detection of finite frequency current moments
In mesoscopic physics, when a constant bias
is applied to the sample, the average current is
stationary (unless the contacts are superconducting). Theorists have started to understand that
the temporal fluctuations of this current - the
noise - contain useful information. Noise is sensitive to the statistics of the charge carriers, and it
can also be used to determine the charge of the
latter via the Schottky formula. Over the last
twenty years, pioneering experiments have been
performed on low frequency noise, by measuring
either the autocorrelation signal, or the cross correlation signal between two outputs, in the same
spirit of the Hanbury Brown and Twiss experiment from quantum optics.
However, noise frequencies in the GHz range
cannot be detected in the same manner. For
such frequencies, there is an accepted view that
the measured signal is the Fourier transform of a
combination of two current correlators, and that
this noise can only be measured with an on-chip
quantum device placed next to the mesoscopic
system under study. Lesovik and Loosen have
proposed a resonant LC circuit coupled inductively to the device, while Aguado and Kouvenhoven have argued successfully in favor of a capacitive coupling scheme.
a)
0,25
V(t)
L,
C
R
counts
0,15
d<q >
2
10.2
Meso
0,2
0,1
0,05
0
0
First, we proposed [ACL227] a generalisation of the resonant LC circuit setup of Lesovik and Loosen which allows to probe directly
cross-correlations of two currents (rather than
the auto-correlation of a given current) by measuring the charge fluctuations on the plates of
a capacitor. The measured cross-correlations
then depend on four non-symmetrized correlators. We subsequently discussed to what extent the measurement circuit can detect electronantibunching in normal metal circuits.
Second, we showed [ACL241] that a dissipative resonant circuit coupled inductively to a
mesoscopic device in the coherent regime, can
be used to measure the higher moments of the
currents (see Fig. 10.1). Indeed, recent theoretical advances (known as “Full counting statistics")
predict that these higher moments contain more
complete information. The role of dissipation is
essential for the measured noise to remain finite.
We also identified which combination of current
correlators enters the measurement of the third
moment.
Concerning the capacitive coupling scheme,
we have studied a noise detection device
based on a normal metal-superconductor junction [ACL238]. The charge transfer process is
then Andreev reflection, which corresponds to
the sequential tunneling of two electrons from
the metallic lead to the superconductor lead as
a Cooper pair (or vice versa).
<q>V
<q>0
0.5
1
W/eV
1.5
2
Figure 10.1: (top) Mesoscopic device coupled to
a dissipative LC circuit. (bottom) typical histograms of the charge used to identify the noise
and the third moment, at zero and finite voltage. Main plot: measured noise (as a function of
frequency W ) for different damping parameters.
Transport
in
quantum
wires: carbon nanotubes
and edge states in the fractional quantum Hall effect
Transport in 1d systems with electron interaction presents some unique properties. Luttinger
liquid theory considers transport in terms of collective electronic excitations, and predicts non
trivial power-law dependences for physical quantities of interest. This theory is relevant for Carbon nanotubes, edge states of the quantum Hall
effect, semiconductor quantum wires, ...
We have studied the problem of electron injection in the bulk of a nanotube from the tip
of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (see
10.2. TRANSPORT IN QUANTUM WIRES: CARBON NANOTUBES AND EDGE STATES IN THE FRACTIO
Fig. 10.2). Our goal was to detect anomalous
charges (typically called “fractional” charges) associated with the collective excitations in such
Luttinger liquids. The diagnosis of such charges
was achieved from a finite frequency noise measurement at the extremities of the nanotubes
(which were both connected to leads). A DC bias
was imposed between the STM tip and the latter.
In this situation [ACL234] the presence of Fermi
liquid contacts leads either to super-Poissonian
noise or to sub-Poissonian noise, before eventually reaching the Schottky regime at large bias.
We also studied the so called photoassisted noise
characteristic of this device when an AC bias is
superposed to the DC one. We observed, as in
the case of a normal metal, steps in the noise
derivative with respect to the applied bias. However, these steps are rounded off because of the
Luttinger liquid interaction. Oscillations on the
steps where attributed to the finite size of the
nanotube.
Coulomb interaction and therefore one can compute the spectral function as well as the tunnelling density of states. The latter quantities
were shown to be modified by the screening effect
when the STM tip was brought in close proximity
to the nanotube. The calculation of the tunneling current and noise implied the knowledge of
the so called mixed Green’s function between the
tip and the wire, and we determined the effect of
screening on the current voltage characteristics.
We calculated [ACL246] the AC conductance
and the finite-frequency non-symmetrized noise
in interacting quantum wires and single-wall carbon nanotubes in the presence of an impurity. We
observed a strong asymmetry in the frequency
spectrum of the non-symmetrized excess noise,
and found that this asymmetry is proportional
to the differential excess AC conductance of the
system. In the quantum regime, for temperatures
much smaller than the frequency and the applied
voltage, we found that the emission noise is exactly equal to the impurity partition noise. If the
impurity is located in the middle of the wire or
at one of the contacts, our calculations showed
that the noise exhibits oscillations with respect
to frequency, whose period is directly related to
the value of the Luttinger liquid interaction parameter.
We studied [ACL242] the adiabatic pumping
of charge through a mesoscopic one dimensional
wire in the presence of weak electron-electron interactions. Two periodic drives were applied at
locations of the wire in order to drive a current
through it in the absence of bias. Analytical exFigure 10.2: Quantum wire (carbon nanotube)- pressions were obtained for the pumped charge,
STM tunneling geometry. d is the STM tip - the current noise, and the Fano factor in different
quantum wire separation and D separates the regimes.
wire from the gate.
In a recent set of works, we studied the
effect of thermal equilibration on the transIn another work, we studied the effect of port properties of weakly interacting quantum
screening on the spectral function [ACL248] and wires [ACL251]. Although phase-space restricon the transport properties [ACL249] of the same tions in such one-dimensional systems tend to
system. Indeed, such effects occur because of suppress the equilibration mechanism, the latter
the Coulomb interactions between the STM tip was still shown to lead to intriguing signatures in
and the nanotube, which also trigger polariza- partially and fully equilibrated wires. In partiction charges on the substrate where the nanotube ular, we were able to explore the whole range of
is pinned. When the interactions in the one di- wire lengths, and found a finite temperature cormensional wire are sufficiently weak, it is justified rection to the quantized conductance. For a short
to neglect non-quadratic terms of the bosonized wire, this correction scales with the length of the
94
system, but saturates to a length-independent
value once the wire becomes exponentially longer
than the inelastic scattering length. Interestingly,
for such a long wire, the transport properties can
be found by a simple analysis of the conservation
laws of the system.
Finaly, we considered [ACL228] the dephasing rate of an electron level in a quantum dot,
placed next to a fluctuating edge current in the
fractional quantum Hall effect, a set of two chiral
Luttinger liquids.
10.3
Quantum Hall effect
described with a Diophantine equation which involve two integer numbers, called “topological gap
numbers”. While the physical meaning of one of
these numbers was known (it is directly related
to the Hall conductance), the other one had never
been related to any physical quantity. Using an
original approach, based on a careful analysis of
the forces acting on the electrons, we have been
able to show [ACL239,ACL247,ACL252] that this
second number is related to electronic polarizability. Our results provide relevant information on
the modification of the electronic polarizability
by a quantizing magnetic field.
Ε
The Quantum Hall effect manifests itself 10.4 Molecular electronics and
when an electronic system is subject to a strong
spintronics
magnetic field, and leads to unusual properties,
like an extremely precise quantization of the conMolecular electronics deals with charge transductance, and electronic transport through 1fer in individual nano-objects such as molecules
dimensional chiral edge states.
(true molecules or artificial objects). The latter
is connected to leads of varying nature (normal
4
metal, superconductor, ferromagnet). Molecular
electronics aims at exploiting the existing degrees
of freedom of such objects (energy levels, vibra2
tion modes, spin, etc.) in order to control its
transport properties (such as current and noise).
We started in 2006 a deep reflexion on this topic
0
by performing calculations in the two limiting
cases of quantum transport. Indeed, if the tem-2
perature is large compared to the escape rate of
electrons on the molecule, transport is labelled
“incoherent”, meaning that the successive tunnel-4
ing events are independent. In the opposite case,
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
one deals with “coherent” transport. In both sitΑ
uations (coherent) quantum mechanical behavior
Figure 10.3: Energy spectrum for an electron sub- occurs at the level of the molecular degrees of
mitted to a magnetic field and a periodic poten- freedom.
tial, as a function of magnetic field (“Hofstadter
Vibration modes constitute an important deButterfly”). We have elucidated the link between gree of freedom of molecules. We have made sevthis spectrum and the electronic polarizability of eral works to understand the effect of the coucrystalline solids in strong magnetic fields.
pling to these modes on the transport. The first
work [ACL230] was motivated by an experiment
We have studied in detail the case where the which used a carbon nanotube contacted by an
electrons are subject, in addition to the magnetic STM tip, where negative differential conductance
field, to a periodic potential (the atomic potential of the breathing mode phonon side bands was obdue to the crystal). It has been known for a few served. We used a quantum dot model with a
decades that the spectrum of this problem is very local phonon coupling and we obtained negative
rich, with a self-similar structure (the “Hofstadter differential conductance for a wide range of pabutterfly”, see Fig. 10.3). This spectrum can be rameters.
10.4. MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS AND SPINTRONICS
(a)
Additional gates
(b)
95
because it was relevant to the principal experi-
PSfrag replacementsmental partner of this ANR grant, which studies
SWNT
tL
tR
∆eiϕ/2
∆e−iϕ/2
E
doped fullerenes.
Ω
tL
a
0
J/TK
02
S
tR
Superconductors
b
0
S >
Figure 10.4: (a) Single wall nanotube suspended
between two superconducting leads with phase
difference ϕ. (b) Model setup representing a
quantum dot with oscillator degree of freedom.
We next considered [ACL240] resonant transport through a molecular quantum dot coupled to a local vibration mode applying the
non-equilibrium Green function technique in the
polaron representation. We developed a nonperturbative scheme to calculate the electron
spectral function of the molecule.
We also studied the case of superconducting
electrodes [ACL231] (see Fig 10.4). Our main
goal was to study how the presence of the superconducting leads affects the phonon coordinate. Assuming that the superconducting gap is
large compared to other relevant energy scales,
we showed that the effect of the leads can be incorporated into an effective Hamiltonian for the
dot degrees of freedom coupled to the vibrations.
Using a combination of numerical calculations
with a truncated phonon Hilbert space and variational calculations, we showed that the Josephson
current induces quantum squeezing of the phonon
mode.
Molecular spintronics is the subfield of molecular electronics where one focuses on the spin.
We thus considered a molecule with an intrinsic
spin, which is exchanged-coupled with the spins
of the electrons taking part to the transport.
Molecules have either an anisotropic spin (such
as manganese acetate), or isotropic spin (for C60
fullerenes with a trapped atom inside). In the
context of an ANR grant, obtained together with
the Grenoble group of W. Wernsdorfer, we obtained results both in the incoherent and the coherent regime. Except for our first work on this
topic (first of next paragraph), we focused mostly
on the case of an isotropic magnetic molecule,
on the one hand because this case was so far
not studied in the literature, on the other hand
0
π1
π 01
b0 001
0
∆c /TK
0
∆/TK
01
001
π2
π 02
a0
Figure 10.5: Schematic phase diagram for the
Josephson current through a molecular quantum
dot magnet [see the upper inset] indicating the 0,
0’ (blue), π 0 (green), and π phase regions. The
horizontal axis shows the value of the superconducting gap, the vertical one the value of the spin
exchange coupling J.
We first considered [ACL232] a model for a
single molecule with a large frozen spin sandwiched between two BCS superconductors at
equilibrium, and showed that this system has
a π junction behavior (reversal of the sign of
the critical current) at low temperature. Next,
in the incoherent regime, we were able to obtain analytical predictions concerning the electric current through a molecule with an isotropic
spin [ACL235], as well as the noise and the
higher current moments. This was achieved for
normal metal leads as well as for ferromagnetic
leads [ACL243].
For the coherent case, we focused [ACL244]
on the situation where the molecule is sandwiched
between two superconductors in equilibrium (see
Fig. 10.5). In this context one typically studies whether the junction is in the 0 state or the
π state, depending on the parameters. We observed that the competition between supercon-
96
ductivity and Kondo correlations is modified by
the exchange coupling between the dot electron
and the intrinsic spin of the molecule. We employed the numerical renormalization group to
uncover a very rich behavior for the Josephson
current, triggered by a two stage Kondo effect.
10.5
Hybrid
superconducting
devices:
molecular electronics and quantum information
A substantial effort has been put by the team
to study the transport properties of nanoscale
systems sandwiched between superconducting
electrodes. This concerns Josephson transport,
the equilibrium current which results from the
application of a phase difference between the two
electrodes, or alternatively situations where a
bias is applied between the two leads, which gives
rise to the multiple Andreev reflection (MAR)
regime. An incident electron from one side cannot be transmitted in the gap of the superconductor on the other side; it is then reflected as a
hole, and multiple electron-hole reflections have
to occur.
In a first work, we have considered the effect
of the coupling to a vibration mode on MAR. We
tackled this problem [ACL229] in the weak electron phonon coupling limit, assuming that the
charge couples only to a single phonon mode.
The Keldysh Green function formalism was used
to compute the current for the entire bias voltage range. In the subgap regime, MAR processes
accompanied by phonon emission were shown to
cause rich structures near the onset of MAR
channels.
A more recent work was also devoted to
MAR: we considered [ACL250] the MAR current
when a resonant level is placed between the two
superconductors. Starting from a Hamiltonian
model, and using the non-equilibrium Keldysh
technique, we computed the DC current and the
first harmonics of the supercurrent. We then
studied the changes of the supercurrent when an
additional normal probe – which causes decoherence – is attached to the dot.
Since the mid nineties, members of the team
were interested in quantum mechanical nonlocality effects in mesoscopic structures. Consider a superconductor connected to two normal
metal leads. In the former, electrons exist in
the form of Cooper pairs. Electrons can either
exit the superconductor as a pair in one of the
leads, or they can be split in the two metallic
leads. Because the electrons are in an entangled
state, this entanglement can persist even though
the two electrons are now propagating in separate leads. Bell inequalities diagnosis of nonlocality and spin entanglement were performed in
the previous quadrennial.
Here, we examined the possibility for detecting energy entanglement in normal metal–
superconductor junctions [ACL225]. For the first
time we proved that two electrons in a NS structure originating from the same Cooper pair are
entangled in the energy subspace. The device
(see Fig. 10.6) consisted of a superconducting
beam splitters connected to two electronic MachZehnder interferometers. In each arms of the interferometers, energies were filtered with coherent quantum dots.
We have studied shot noise cross-correlations
in normal metal-superconductor-normal metal
structures [ACL235] for arbitrary interface transparencies using both the scattering approach of
Blonder, Tinkham and Klapwijk and a microscopic Green’s function approach, including interactions in phenomenoilogical manner.
SC
A1
A2
− ϕa/2
xa
u
+ε0
d
_ε
+ ϕa/2
e h
+ε0
_ε
0
0
0
B3
− ϕb/2
u
d
+ ϕb/2
xb
B4
Figure 10.6: Setup for measuring energy entanglement from a normal metal-superconducting fork.
The superconductor emits Cooper pairs. Pair
electrons are then split on the first fork. Next
the particles are filtered according to their energy.
The amplitudes for particles with energies above
and below Fermi level are combined at the last
beam splitter, in close analogy with the optical
setup.
10.5. HYBRID SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES: MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS AND QUANTUM INFORM
Another theme of study was the role of the
spin-orbit coupling on the structure placed between the superconducting electrodes. Spin-orbit
coupling has potentially very important applications, as exemplified by the Datta-Das electron
transistor, where spin precession due to spin-orbit
coupling allows to control the current for transport between ferromagnetic leads. So far there
had been no substantial prediction for spin orbit coupling effects when superconducting leads
- instead of ferromagnets - are attached to the
sample. We have thus computed the equilibrium
Josephson current through a nanoscale multilevel quantum dot with Rashba or Dresselhaus
spin-orbit coupling α [ACL233].
Recently, we have extended this study of spin-
orbit coupling, showing that it can lead to a
so-called φ0 junction [ACL253]. In the context
of molecular spintronics, we discussed previously
possible transitions between 0 and π junctions.
The signs of the Josephson current are opposite
in these two cases, but a phase difference has
however to be applied to the junction in order to
drive a current through it. A φ0 junction is one
for which an equilibrium Josephson current could
exist even in the absence of a phase difference (the
current being zero for a phase difference φ0 ). For
a general model of a mesoscopic multi-level quantum dot, we determined the necessary conditions
for the existence of such an anomalous Josephson
current with spontaneously broken time-reversal
symmetry.
11. Scientific report of the Ergodic
Theory team
The Ergodic Theory team of CPT is composed of 3 staff members: 2 university Professors (S. Troubetzkoy and S.Vaienti), and 1 Maître de Conférence (E. Lanneau), and of a post-doctoral fellow, P.
Marie (ATER-USTV, former PhD student). PhD students and several guests contribute to the scientific
activity and animation of the team.
The Fields medalists J.-C. Yoccoz, C. McMullen and A. Okounkov have visited our team; as well as
M. Abadi. J. Alves, A. Avila, J. Bobok, H. Bruin, J. Freitas, N. Haydn, H. Hu, C. Liverani, G. Mantica,
H. Masur, J. Schmeling, G. Turchetti and his students.
Two main topics characterize the work of the team: Statistical properties of
dynamical systems (S. Troubetzkoy and S. Vaienti); Teichmüller Theory and
Polygonal Billiards (E. Lanneau and S. Troubetzkoy ).
The main achievements of the last years are as follows:
1. In the domain of the statistical properties, we introduced a new approach to
investigate the existence of smooth measures for a wide class of non-uniformly
expanding systems. The next step, in progress, will be to compute the rate
of mixing and the limit theorems and to develop a general theory of the
stochastic stability for such systems under induction. We have proven a mass
transference principle for multi-fractal measures, and applied this to diophantine
approximation. We have also given examples of quantum ergodic maps, which
are not quantum uniquely ergodic. In the field of recurrence we quantified the
distribution of the returns around periodic points and we studied the fluctuations and the deviations of some processes given by the local returns of points
(metric entropy) and sets (Rèny entropies). A major projet will be to develop a
general theory of recurrence and extreme values for randomly perturbed systems.
2. In billiard dynamics we have made progress on several fronts: density of
periodic orbits, illumination problems, recurrence of infinite billiards (especially
the Ehrenfest wind-tree model), and weak-mixing of smooth tables.
3. The research work in Teichmüller dynamics is mainly centered on geometry
and dynamics around translation surfaces. During the last four years, we have
investigated several major domains, with strong impact, implying results solving
some long-standing problems.
99
100
CHAPTER 11. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE ERGODIC THEORY TEAM
S. Vaienti is a member of the project DynEurBra, France - Brasil and in the Seventh Framework Program "Marie Curie Actions", 20092012 as well as Socrates-Erasmus project with
the Bologna - Toulon; Socrates-Erasmus project
Como -Toulon, and the France-Brésil CAPESCOFECUB). E.Lanneau is member of the
ANR project “Teichmüller”, the project FrancoIsraelien and PICS (France-USA). S. Troubetzkoy is a member of the European project CODY
(2006-10).
S. Vaienti was co-organizer of the five weeks
conference at CIRM Session résidentielle sur
les thémes du GDRE Franco-Italien "GREFIMEFI"(2008). He will organize also the Conference at CIRM in 2011 on Large Deviations in Dynamical Systems with D. Volny, I. Melbourne and
M. Nicol. E. Lanneau was co-organizer of several
conferences in CIRM (School ergodic theory in
2006 and conference in honour of Masur in 2009).
E. Lanneau also organized a conference in Roscoff
in 2008 (dynamical systems). S. Troubetzkoy is
organizing an Arbeitsgemeinschaft on Mathematical Billiards at Oberwolfach in 2010. It would
be also interested to notice that there will be a
conference in US (Madison, April 2010) around a
conjecture of Lanneau and Thiffeault. Thurston
has confirmed that he would be interested to participate to this conference around small dilatations of pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms.
In the next sections we will describe in detail
the research and the other scientific activities of
the team during the period 2006-2010.
11.1
Statistical properties of dynamical systems
This area involves S. Troubetzkoy and S. Vaienti. The following PhD students worked under
Vaienti’s direction: Luca Rossi (2004-2006); Johan Nilsson (2005-2007); Ph. Marie (2006-2009)
and Jean-Francois Bertazzon (2006-2010) under
Troubetzkoy’s direction. Starting in 2010 Vaienti
will co-direct the PhD of Hale Aytac the with the
University of Porto. We now describe the scientific topics investigated in the last four years with
some perspectives.
Ergodic properties of non-uniformly expanding systems
In the paper [ACL268], we introduced a large
class of multidimensional nonuniformly expanding maps, with indifferent fixed points and unbounded distortion, and not necessarily markovian. Unbounded distortion away from the indifferent fixed points means that there are uncountably many points x whose neighbourhoods
contain points y, arbitrary close to x, such that
the distortion of | detDT | is unbounded along
the backward orbits converging to the indifferent
fixed point. We constructed absolutely continuous invariant measures (a.c.i.m.) for these maps
by first replacing the transformation with the first
return map with respect to a domain outside a
small region around the indifferent fixed point.
On this induced space, we got an a.c.i.m. as the
fixed point of the transfer operator and we successively extended this measure to get an a.c.i.m.
on the whole space. This extension is compatible
with the existence of σ-finite components.
For these class of maps the problem of estimating the rate of decay of correlation is still
open. The basic reason is that such maps do
not admit an inducing scheme given by a GibbsMarkov induced map, which would have been allowed to use the Lai-Sai Young theory : we remind that Young showed that the rates of decay
of correlations are directly related to the tail of
the return time function of the associated GibbsMarkov induced map. We will return to this approach below. Even if the induced scheme in our
previous paper is not Gibbs-Markov, it can be
proved that it is a fibred system in the sense of J.
Aaronson, M. Denker, O. Sarig, R. Zweimueller
(actually skew-product rigid). In the latter paper conditions are given to show the aperiodicity
of cocycles, which is a basic tool, together with
the renewal equation, to show an optimal polynomial decay of correlations on the induced space,
as it was firstly proved by Sarig. In the forthcoming paper, Hu and Vaienti begin to extend
those conditions to prove aperiodicity to higherdimensional maps, with the aim of establishing
a general theory of polynomial decay for Non
Markov maps.
We said above that in the Lai-Sai Young
framework, the existence of an absolutely contin-
11.1. STATISTICAL PROPERTIES OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
uous invariant measure and its statistical properties, notably the decay of correlations, can be
deduced from the geometry of the map, namely
from the existence and properties of a Young
tower, or induced Gibbs-Markov map. In the
forthcoming paper Alves, Freitas, Luzzato and
Vaienti observed that in the context of nonuniformly expanding systems, the hypothesis of being modelled by a Young tower is essentially necessary as well sufficient for the validity of statistical properties such as decay of correlations and
large deviations. This has interesting implications for the ubiquity of Young towers in nonuniformly expanding systems and implies that the
assumption of a Young tower is without loss of
generality. One of our results explicitly states
that if one knows the large deviations of the time
average of the potential of the map with a polynomial, subexponential or exponential decay, then
there exists a Gibbs-Markov induced map with a
distribution of the first return time which obeys
the same kind of decays. Another result quantifies the link between the rate of decay of correlations, for the observables in certain functional
spaces, and the rate of decay of the deviations
for the time average of an observable in the same
class. This is an interesting subject of research in
itself; we were led to use and adapt to our situations a theorem by Azuma and Hoeffding, which
by the way allowed us to prove the large deviations for the Viana map.
We conclude this section by quoting our paper
[ACL273], where we studied the ergodic and statistical properties of a class of maps of the circle and of the interval of Lorenz type which
present indifferent fixed points and points with
unbounded derivative. These maps have been
previously investigated in the physics literature.
We prove in particular that correlations decay
polynomially, and that suitable Limit Theorems
(convergence to Stable Laws or Central Limit
Theorem) hold for Hölder continuous observables. We moreover show that the return and
hitting times are in the limit exponentially distributed.
101
Random perturbation of dynamical systems
In the paper [ACL260], we introduced a random
perturbed version of the classical fidelity and we
show that it converges with the same rate of
decay of correlations, but not uniformly in the
noise. We succesively discovered very interesting
applications of this result, in particular it allowed
us to study the effect of a random perturbation
on the orbit of a discrete dynamical system. In
the paper [ACL271], we analyzed the statistics of
the global errors given by the algebraic difference
at iteration n between the exact orbit and an orbit perturbed at each step with a random error of
order ε. We provided exact results for two model
maps, regular and chaotic respectively, and stating a general theorem on their asymptotics. This
analysis suggests the existence of a time scale
depending on ε below which the error spread
around zero remains comparable with the local
error. The scale is basically log(1/ε) for chaotic
maps and ε−1 for regular maps and is related to
the interplay of the noise with the exponential
or linear divergence of nearby orbits. In other
two related papers [ACL276] and [PP061], we applied the previous results to pure round off noise
in computers and we shown in particular that
for chaotic maps our methods allows us to find a
threshold value below which the numerically simulated system can be considered as equivalent as
the exact one and moreover this threshold linearly grows as the number of bits used to represent real numbers. These works could be of some
interest to state the reliability of numerical computations of dynamical systems.
In a recent paper Hu, Marie, and Vaienti
classified the ergodic components of stationary
measures in terms of equivalence classes when
a suitable equivalence relation is introduced in
the space of pseudo-orbits, following a seminal
work by Ruelle in the eighties. There is in fact
a natural link between pseudo-orbits and randomly perturbed orbits: in particular one can
show that the stationary measures have support
on the basin of attraction of pseudo-orbits. Our
analysis is based on the existence of a LasotaYorke inequality for the transfer operator acting
on suitable functional spaces containing the densities of the stationary measures. This allowed
102
us to treat non-invertible dynamical systems. It
would be interesting to generalize those ideas to
diffeomorphisms, eventually with singularities, in
such a way to classify the ergodic components of
the SRB-measures.
Recently Ph. Marie, PhD Student of S. Vaienti and J. Rousseau, PhD student of B. Saussol,
obtained a result which could be considered as
the first step to establish a theory of recurrence
for randomly perturbed systems [PP059]. They
introduced the concepts of quenched and annealed return times for systems generated by the
composition of random maps and finally proved
that for super-polynomially mixing systems, the
random recurrence rate is equal to the local dimension of the stationary measure.
We conclude this section by addressing a few
questions which we planned to study in the future, namely: (i) the stochastic stability of the
non-uniformly expanding maps described in the
previous section. This will be probably require
to understand the link between stationary measures and induction; (ii) still for the previous nonuniformly expanding systems: generalize the entropy formula under random perturbations; (iii)
prove the strong stochastic stability (convergence
of the density in L1 ) for the parabolic maps of the
interval of Pomeau-Manneville type. A first step
in this direction is in the forthcoming paper by
Alves, Freitas and Vaienti (iv) develop the theory
of recurrence in presence of noise and develop also
a theory of extreme values in presence of noise.
small regions, when a map is iterated up to the
inverse of the measure of this region. We computed this quantity analytically and numerically
for various systems and we show that it depends
on the ergodic properties of the systems and on
their topological properties like the presence of
periodic points.
Another aspect of the recurrence that we investigated in a series of paper, was the large deviation properties of the process given by the first
return of a set into itself when its measures converges to zero and the set is centered around a
given point. Typically in the choice of this point,
and whenever the target set is a cylinder of length
n, the first return of this cylinder divided by n
converges to 1 for systems with strong mixing
systems. In the paper [ACL262], and essentially
for Bernoulli systems, we showed that the decay
rate for the large deviation of the return time to
cylinder sets is exponential with a rate given by
the Rényi entropy function. In a subsequent paper [ACL274] we generalized that result to weakly
ψ-mixing systems and we explicityly proved the
existence and regularity properties of the Rényi
entropy function for such systems. We also obtain bounds for the free energy of the process
described above. Those results have been generalized to the more interesting physical situation of sets given by balls [PP058]. In this work
we described the statistical distribution of these
first returns times in various settings: when phase
space is composed of sequences of symbols from a
finite alphabet (with applications for instance to
biological problems) and when phase space is a
Recurrence
two-dimensional manifold. We derived relations
It has been shown by several authors that some linking these statistics with entropies, as we said
classes of mixing dynamical systems have limit- above, and with Lyapunov exponents.
ing return times distributions that are almost everywhere Poissonian. In the paper [ACL267], we
Orthogonal polynomials
studied the behaviour of return times at periodic
points and show that the limiting distribution is The Fourier transform of orthogonal polynomials
a compound Poissonian distribution. We also de- with respect to their own orthogonality measure
rived error terms for the convergence to the lim- defines the family of Fourier-Bessel functions. In
iting distribution. We also proved a very general the paper [ACL261] we studied the asymptotic
theorem that can be used to establish compound behavior of these functions and of their products,
Poisson distributions in many other settings. The for large values of the argument. By employing a
theoretical results of this paper were used in the Mellin analysis we constructed a general framework [ACL259], where we introduced a new indi- work to exhibit the relation of the asymptotic decator for dynamical systems, the averaged num- cay laws to certain dimensions of the orthogonalber of visits, to estimate the frequency of visits in ity measure, that are defined via the divergence
11.2. TEICHMÜLLER THEORY AND BILLIARDS
103
abscissa of suitable integrals. We underlined the Discretizations
unifying role of Mellin transform techniques in
C. Rojas and S. Troubetzkoy have considered the
deriving classical and new results.
statistical properties of discretizations of continuous functions, they showed that generically every
Diophantine approximation and the word appears with arbitrary frequency.
mass transference principle
Fan, Schmeling and Troubetzkoy have studied
diophantine approximation for a Gibbs measure
µ. For a µ-generic point x, and a sequence
{rn }n≥1 we consider the intervals ]T n x − rn
(mod 1), T n x+rn (mod 1)[. We studied the covering properties of these intervals in analogy to
the classical covering problem of Dvoretzky. We
obtained a mass transference principle for Gibbs
measures. These are multi-fractal measures, a
similar principle has been shown for mono-fractal
measures by Beresnevich and Velani. We use this
principle to completely describe the combinatorial structure of typical relatively short sequences
and we describe the occurence of relatively long
“atypical” word. This description allows us to
calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the set of
points covered infinitely often by the intervals.
Quantum ergodicity
Marklof et Rudnick have asked if it is possible that a quantum ergodic map is not quantum uniquely ergodic. C.-H. Chang, T. Krueger
et R. Schubert and S. Troubetzkoy gave a positive answer to this question in [ACL263]. We
constructed quantum ergodic maps which have
singular quantum limits and non-quantum ergodic maps with convex combinations of absolutely continuous invariant measures as quantum
limits.
Open systems
S. Bundfuss, T. Krueger, and S. Troubetzkoy
have studied the coding properties of open systems [PP054]. Generically we showed that transitive components are of finite type. In dimension
1, these components are always codes, there are
only finitely many of them, and our upper bound
is optimal. We gave partial generalizations to
higher dimensions.
11.2
Teichmüller theory and billiards
The area is studied by E. Lanneau and S. Troubetzkoy. The following PhD students are involved: Sylvie Jourdan (2006-2010) (E. Lanneau
is co-director with P. Hubert). We now describe
the scientific topics investigated in the last four
years with some perspectives.
Closures of the Teichmüller discs
For an arbitrary dynamical system, it is very hard
in general to give information on the behavior of
a particular orbit. Nevertheless the situation for
unipotent flows in homogeneous spaces is very
well-understood. Ratner proved the striking result that the closure of any orbit of any group
generated by unipotent elements acting on a homogenous space is also a nice homogeneous space.
The cotangent bundle of the moduli space of
curves (points of this bundle are flat surfaces) is
preserved by the Lie group SL2 (R). There is a
strong hope to believe that the closure of any orbit is an algebraic suborbifold (Kontsevich). This
is the main conjecture in Teichmüller dynamics.
This conjecture has been recently proven,
for genus two surfaces, by McMullen. With
P. Hubert and M. Möller, E. Lanneau extends
McMullen’s techniques to higher genera. We
give a description of the closures of orbits stabilised by pseudo-Anosov element [PP056] and
[ACL269]. We also wrote a survey of these technics: [PP055].
A common tools of these technics is the used
of pseudo-Anosov maps. To date there are two
methods to produce pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms in the coordinates of the flat surface. In
the first one, due to Thurston, a pseudo-Anosov
diffeomorphism is obtained as a product of two
parabolic elements. The second one is due to
Veech, based on the Rauzy induction of interval
exchange transformations. In [PP057] we provide
104
a new construction of such maps. In a preprint
Boissy and Lanneau also generalize the Veech’s
construction to half-translation surfaces.
E. Lanneau and P. Hubert also proved that
some pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms are not
given by Thurston’s construction [ACL258].
It would be very interesting to have a similar description in full generality. The question
whether there exists or not a cyclic Veech group,
generated by a single hyperbolic element, is still
a very important open problem.
Rauzy-Veech induction for linear involutions
Interval exchange transformations are closely related to Abelian differentials on Riemann surfaces. It is very well known that the continued
fractions encode cutting sequences of hyperbolic
geodesics on the Poincaré upper half-plane. Similarly, Veech encoded the Teichmüller geodesic
flow using the Rauzy-Veech induction (analogous
to Euclidean algorithm).
With C. Boissy, E. Lanneau give a discrete representation of the Teichmüller flow on
quadratic differentials [ACL266]. This is a very
important tool in order to obtain results on the
dynamics of the Teichmüller flow on the space of
quadratic differentials.
In the article [PP057] E. Lanneau uses the
Rauzy-Veech induction in order to construct
pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms without a fixed
separatrix, answering a question a Avila.
In would be very interesting to use the
Lanneau-Boissy’s construction in order to prove
spectral properties of the Teichmüller flow. There
are still partial results in this direction due to
Avila and Resende.
rithms of dilatations equals the set of Teichmüller
lengths of geodesics on the moduli space of complex curves. We know very little on these dilatations and the principal conjecture in this domain
is to understand the least dilatation (when the
genus is fixed). There is a conjecture of McMullen
about the asymptotic of these dilatations.
With J.-L. Thiffeault, E. Lanneau calculates
the least dilatation for genus two surfaces, which
is the first result in this direction [ACL275].
E. Lanneau and J.-L. Thiffeault also give several inequalities on these dilatations, answering
questions of Farb.
In two articles ([ACL275] and preprint)
E. Lanneau and J.-L. Thiffeault investigated the
case of the punctured disc. They produce an algorithm to obtain the dilatations.
If we fixe the combinatorial type of the
pseudo-Anosov, it is not clear whether the least
dilatation goes to one with the genus.
In
a preprint E. Lanneau, in collaboration with
C. Boissy, gave an answer. They show that the
least dilatations, on hyperelliptic surfaces (in hyperelliptic
components), are bounded above by
√
2 (this bound being sharp). E. Lanneau and
C. Boissy are working on a related problem if we
relax the condition on hyperellipticity.
Dilatations of pseudo-Anosov homeomorphisms
Study of surfaces homeomorphisms starts with
Thurston in the seventies.
The concept of
pseudo-Anosov is very important and one can
think of such maps as the elementary maps in
order to understand the mapping class group.
The dilatations of theses maps (related to the
topological entropy) are special algebraic integers, called Perron numbers. The set of loga-
A very important part of the proof of such result is to understand the geometry of the Rauzy
diagram. We have presented on the right figure
an example of such diagram; in general there are
very complicated and their geometry is still unknown. A project of the teams is to investigate
these graphs in order to obtain properties on the
11.2. TEICHMÜLLER THEORY AND BILLIARDS
dilatations.
105
For a subclass of these polygons, the Veech polygons, the exceptional set is finite. To prove this
second result we charaterized the Af f + (X, ω)Mathematical billiards
invariant subspaces of X × X for a Veech surface
In [PP060] Troubetzkoy demonstrated the den- Veech (X, ω).
sity of periodic orbits for billiards in right triangles. Previously, density was only known for
rational polygons. In addition he proved a local density result which is stronger than that
know for rational polygons. This result is obtained through the analysis of the symmetries of
the infinite flat surface corresponding to the billiards. We should mention that these results were
presented in an article in by B. Rittaud in La
Recherche [No. 389 09/2005].
One would like to know if a billiard table is
determined by the combinatorics of the points of
collision of an orbit with the boundary of the table. In a preprint J. Bobok and Troubetzkoy call In 1912 the Ehrenfests proposed the “wind-tree”
two tables order equivalent is there exists, in each model to study diffusion. Since this time there
of the tables, a point whose orbit projects to a se- have been few mathematically rigorous results
quence dense in the respective boundary, and the on this model. In a recent preprint P. Hubert,
two sequences have the same combinatorial order. S. Lelievre and S. Troubetzkoy have shown that
We showed that an irrational polygon can not be generically this model is recurrent and have given
order equivalent to a rational polygon, and that a lower bound on the diffusion rate. To prove
two rational polygons which are order equivalent this we described the periodic orbit structure ushave the same number of sides and the same an- ing the symmetries of the model for cetain pagles at corresponding corners. In particular two rameters of the model. Then the recurrence and
triangle which are order equivalent are similar. diffusion results for these parameter values were
All rectangles are order equivalent, thus in gen- obtained using metric approximation techniques,
eral one can not say more, but if two rational and finally all the results were extended to generic
polygons are order equivalent and have greatest parameter values again by approximation.
common denominator at least 3, then they are
A. Stepin and S. Troubetzkoy have given a
order equivalent. Recently we obtained similar new characterization of weak mixing which can
results by replacing order equivalence by poly- be applied to study approximations [ACTI047
gons having dense orbits with the same coding. and article with Stepin in preparation]. They
These results were also presented in an article in showed that in the C 1 topology, the generic bilLa Recherche by B. Rittaud [No. 427 02/2009]. liard is weak mixing. This result also holds for
Does a point source of light illuminate a room generic convex tables, for which KAM theory
(planar domain) whose walls are mirrors? Except implies that sufficiently smooth tables (C 6 ) are
for the trivial results that a convex room is com- never ergodic. This theorem improved a result of
pletely illuminated by any point, all the known Gruber who shown that in the C 0 topology, C 1
results are negative: i.e. examples of rooms and convex tables generically have a dense orbit.
positions of the light sources which do not illuS. Troubetzkoy has studied the “Fagnano”
minate everything. P. Hubert, M. Schmoll and dual billiard periodic orbit Q for a polygon P
Troubetzkoy have shown the first positive results [ACL272]. The notion of a Fagnano orbit genfor a class of polygons [ACL264]. We established eralizes that fact that a triangle Q is a periodic
a quantative version of Kronecker’s theorem, and orbit of its median triangle P . He characterized
used this result to prove that for prelattice poly- regular polygons and affinely regular polygons in
gons, every point illuminates all points except for terms of there Fagnano orbits and gave a comple
an exceptional class which is at most countable. description of the map Q → P .
12. Scientific report of the Nonlinear
Dynamics team
Permanent members: Ricardo Lima (retired; DR2, CNRS, HDR, group leader until April 2009); Marco
Pettini (PR1, Université de la Mediterranée, HDR, group leader since April 2009); Francoise Briolle
(MCF hors classe, Université de la Mediterranée); Cristel Chandre (CR1, CNRS, HDR); Elena Floriani
(MCF, Université de Provence, HDR); Bastien Fernandez (CR1, CNRS, HDR); Xavier Leoncini (MCF,
Université de Provence, HDR); Emanuele Tassi (CR2, CNRS); Michel Vittot (CR1, CNRS, HDR).
The research activity of the Nonlinear Dynamics team concerns problems in
classical mechanics which arise from applications for which modeling, dynamical
analysis and control shed new lights on the physical processes. The framework
is composed of theoretical works dealing with Hamiltonian systems, stochastic
processes, dynamical system networks and signal analysis. It is inspired by mainly
two specific applications : magnetized fusion plasma physics and biophysics.
During the years 2006-2010, the team has published over 50 papers in rank A
journals with notably 6 papers published in Physical Review Letters.
Regarding the research activity on fusion plasmas, the perspective of ITER has
reinforced the team dedication to strengthen our collaborations with the IRFM
at CEA Cadarache in the framework of the Research Federation FCM-ITER. The
team pursued its world-renowned work on control of Hamiltonian chaos by developing new techniques better suited for experimental works. In addition, the
team has started a new line of research on non-canonical and infinite degree of
freedom Hamiltonian systems to tackle kinetic aspects of magnetized fusion plasmas. Still in the context of applications to fusion plasmas, stochastic approaches
of partial differential equations have been investigated, in order to apply them
to the visco-resistive magnetohydrodynamics equations, while new techniques of
signal analysis have been set up to improve data processing from reflectometry
experiments. During these investigations our research found potential applications in atomic physics, fluid mechanics, and statistical physics of systems with
long range interactions (as seen in the free electron lasers).
Regarding our research activity on biophysics, the collaboration with the Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy (CIML) has been pursued and reinforced.
The modeling of a fundamental problem in immunology, namely the allelic exclusion in T-cell receptor Beta gene assembly by V(D)J recombination in developing
T lymphocytem, has been successfully confronted to experimental data. Moreover a new line of research has been initiated regarding the mechanisms at play
in biochemical processes, for which an experimental project in collaboration with
CIML and TAGC-INSERM has started.
107
108
12.1
CHAPTER 12. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE NONLINEAR DYNAMICS TEAM
Interface
with
plasma physics
fusion
Hamiltonian Plasma Physics
Hamiltonian systems are ubiquitous in plasma
physics, from the magnetic equilibrium to the dynamics of charged particles. Hamiltonian reduced
plasma models reflect the Hamiltonian character of the parent model which they are derived
from (e.g., the Vlasov-Maxwell equations for a
collisionless plasma). We have investigated some
techniques to obtain reduced Hamiltonian models which would be more tractable to the analysis
of their dynamics and would exhibit the complicated mechanisms at play in plasmas with more
clarity. In this context, the Hamiltonian systems
are infinite dimensional, as exemplified by gyrokinetics and reduced fluid models of plasma
physics. Showing that such models possess a
Hamiltonian structure is important because it
guarantees that no unphysical dissipative terms
entered the model during its derivation form a
parent Hamiltonian model. Moreover, it offers
the possibility of applying, for those models, all
the well developed techniques available for Hamiltonian systems, in terms, for instance, of search
for and stability analysis of equilibria, identification of non-trivial invariants of motion and application of perturbation theory.
A first step was to establish a formal series
for an exact invariant of the dynamics of charged
particles, in an external inhomogeneous electromagnetic field [ACL304]. Then a simplified
model of the self-consistent interaction between
charged particles and electromagnetic waves was
described in [ACL298].
With regard to reduced fluid models we investigated the Hamiltonian structure of a twodimensional (2D) four-field model for magnetic
reconnection in collisionless plasmas [ACL327].
Nonlinear structures forming in the vorticity and
magnetic field have been investigated numerically. The 2D model has then been extended to
3D and generalized to account also for externally
applied fields. The corresponding Hamiltonian
formulations have also been derived.
We also developed a general method for a
Hamiltonian derivation [ACL321] of fluid equations for plasmas and we applied it to the
Charney-Hasegawa-Mima equation which describes drift waves. Our derivation differs from
the classical one for it works at the level of the
Hamiltonian and the Poisson bracket of the fluid
parent model, instead of working on its equations of motion. This approach permits to check
that no faulty dissipative terms enter the reduced
model during the derivation and automatically
provides the Hamiltonian structure of the final
model.
Part of this work was done in the framework
of the ANR EGYPT (ANR blanc 2007-2010).
This work was done in collaboration with Saint
Michael’s College (A.J. Brizard), the Institute
for Fusion Studies of the University of Texas at
Austin (P.J. Morrison, F. Waelbroeck), the Department of Energy of the Politecnico di Torino
(D. Grasso) and the University of Pisa (F. Pegoraro).
Control of Hamiltonian Chaos
The control of chaos in Hamiltonian systems represents a great challenge in plasma physics since
it offers a way to improve the confinement of tokamak plasmas using strong magnetic fields. Based
on our expertise on Hamiltonian systems, we have
developed theoretical tools to control turbulent
transport. These tools are dedicated to appropriately change the qualitative features of the
dynamics in a controlled way. The method we
adopted is to modify the equations of the dynamics with a major constraint on the smallness of the additional energy input. In particular, our efforts have been focused on the reduction of chaotic transport with application to the
E ×B drift motion of guiding centers by apt modifications of the electric potential, and to the reconstruction of magnetic surfaces (see Fig. 12.1)
by a small modification of the magnetic configuration (which can be applied by magnetic perturbations produced by coils). This small and
apt perturbation of the magnetic equilibrium is
obtained using algorithms based on KAM theory and normal forms expressed in a Lie algebra framework. We have also shown that the
method to reduce chaotic transport is applicable to more potentials as those given numerically
on a finite spatio-temporal grid. We have rewritten the method and its numerical implementation
12.1. INTERFACE WITH FUSION PLASMA PHYSICS
to fit this constraint. When diffusion coefficients
with and without the control potential are compared, we notice that the diffusion is reduced by
a factor three with the addition of the control potential, and this is achieved with less than 10%
of the initial energy.
Figure 12.1: Control of stochasticity in magnetic
field lines.
Another strategy we applied to control Hamiltonian systems relies on the identification of the
relevant structures in phase space, and the monitoring of the parameters such that some appropriate bifurcations occur to mold the phase space
of the system under consideration.
These works were published in [ACL277,
ACL279, ACL280, ACL293, ACL295, ACL322,
ASCL002, ACTI050, ACTI052, ACTI055,
AP001, OS023]. The applications to plasma
physics is part of an ongoing collaboration between our group at the CPT and the IRFM at the
CEA Cadarache (Ph. Ghendrih and Y. Sarazin)
and M2P2 (G. Ciraolo). This collaboration is
performed under a contract Euratom-CEA since
2003, and the CPT received the label of LRC
from the CEA in 2006.
Stochastic Representation of PDEs
The stochastic representation is based on the possibility of expressing solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) (in particular those ones
describing plasma dynamics) as mean values of
an underlying stochastic process. This process is
of a multiplicative type, and its realisations are
represented by trees whose branching type is di-
109
rectly related to the nonlinearity present in the
equation. The stochastic algorithm generating
numerically these solutions may in certain cases
be competitive with the existing deterministic algorithms; in particular, the stochastic representation leads to practical algorithms which do not
need a phase space grid. Moreover, this type of
algorithms is naturally suited for parallel computing, since each time a tree is generated, it is
independent of all the other trees used to get the
mean value of the stochastic process. By associating a stochastic process with the initial equation, this method could give an intrinsic characterization of the nature of fluctuations exhibited
by the physical system. In the series of branching of the stochastic process, this method allows
one in principle to single out rare but very efficient transport events such as intermittent bursts
of transport. This would constitute a new way
of characterising intermittency; it is relevant to
the magnetic confinement of plasmas since it has
been identified the intermittent behaviour of a
certain number of physical quantities responsible
for deconfinement. Our final aim is to describe in
this way the solutions of PDEs relative to the dynamics of a magnetic confinement plasma, such
that the Maxwell-Vlasov equation.
We started this study by considering the PoissonVlasov equation with several types of particles, in
order to test the numerical scheme [ACL303].
Turbulence and data analysis
An accurate knowledge of the plasma density
profile is of utmost importance to understand
anomalous transport in magnetic fusion devices
: The large transport coefficients are attributed
to turbulence driven by temperature and density gradients. Reflectometry diagnostics appear
to be particularly suited for retrieving this information in fusion machine environment. It is
based on the radar principle with the emission of
a wave and the detection of its reflection. The
probing device has been improved over the past
decade, nevertheless, several echoes can show up
in addition to the plasma one, like back wall
or vacuum window reflections. In addition, the
plasma turbulence may cause abrupt density fluctuations which lead to so-called plasma multireflections. Plasma density profile estimation re-
110
quired a precise determination of the phase of
the reflected signal. The tomogram distribution
gives a complete description of the signal in the
time-frequency plane. It can be interpreted as the
density probability of the signal in this plane, for
each angle theta. Using this representation, it
was clear that the reflectometry data, provided
by the team Transport, Turbulence & MHD from
IRFM/CEA, are the sum of three main components: the reflection on the porthole, multi reflections and the reflection on the plasma. The
first step of our work has been to separate the
components, by projections on the eigenvectors
of a family of unitary operators [ACL311]. The
second step was to extract the phase derivative of
the reflection on the plasma, in order to compute
the plasma density profile [ACL312]. This new
data analysis, developted in collaboration with
the Lebedev Institute and Euratom-IST Assoc.
Lisboa Portugal, provides significant improvements regarding the extraction of the plasma reflection in reflectometry data.
12.2
allelic exclusion is suspected to be at the origin
of auto-immune diseases.
Surprisingly, allelic exclusion at the TCRBeta
locus is usually observed to be incomplete and
a small group of allelically included T cells carrying two productively-rearranged alleles eventually develops alongside the overwhelming mass of
allelically excluded T cells. Despite years of efforts, this phenomenon still eludes a comprehensive explanation.
Interface with biology
Modelling of V(D)J recombination and Figure 12.2: Transition graph of the Markov proallelic exclusion
cess modeling TCRBeta gene recombination and
Gene recombination processes are essential for
the immune system of jawed vertebrates as they
generate, during thymic maturation of lymphocytes, the necessarily vast antibody repertoire
to accommodate the large diversity of pathogen
agents in Nature. Despite that the recombination mechanisms have been largely studied in Immunology, the conceptual understanding of their
regulation remains fairly limited, especially as for
the phenomenon of allelic exclusion. The recombination process consists of successive rearrangements of various gene segments in specific DNA
loci. Allelic exclusion is the property that every subsequent rearrangement is inhibited when
a productive rearrangement is completed on one
allele and is followed by the cell surface expression of an antigen receptor. By limiting the rearrangements to a single productive one per cell,
allelic exclusion ensures that T cell do not identify endogen cells, and hence would not trigger
their destruction. On the other hand, a failure in
feedback inhibition. Arrows represent authorized
transitions in gene rearrangements/cell genomic
status. Transition rates are indicated in red.
To revise this issue, ’continuous-time Markov
chain’-based modeling whereby essential steps in
the biological procedure (D-J and V-DJ rearrangements, and feedback inhibition) evolve independently on the two TCR Beta alleles in every single cell whilst displaying random modes of
initiation and duration. By selecting parameters
via fitting procedures, we have demonstrated the
capacity of the model to offer accurate fractions
of all distinct TCR Beta genotypes observed in
studies using developing and mature T cells from
wild-type or mutant mice. Selected parameters
in turn afford relative duration for each given
step, hence updating TCR Beta recombination
distinctive timings [PP062]. Overall, our dynamical modeling integrating allele independence and
noise in recombination and feedback-inhibition
12.3. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS
events, illustrates how the combination of these
ingredients alone may enforce allelic exclusion at
the TCR Beta locus.
This work is done in collaboration with CIML
(P. Ferrier) and has been supported by ANR
BioSys IntegraTcell (2007-2009).
Long-range interactions of biomolecules
This research subject concerns the search for
long-range selective attraction forces between
biomolecules in living matter. The existence of
such forces - of electromagnetic origin - has been
invoked on several occasions to account for the
astonishingly high efficiency and rapidity with
which all the relevant processes occur in living
matter at the molecular level.
This work is done in collaboration with CIML
(P. Ferrier and by D. Marguet) and TAGCINSERM (C. Nguyen).
12.3
Miscellaneous topics
Nonlinear dynamics of atomic and
molecular processes
111
atoms [ACL281] with the use of a small additional field. Analysis in terms of structures in
phase space, of the experimental and quantum
results on the influence of the phase lag in the
ionization probabilities of Rydberg atoms (see
Fig. 12.3) : We have shown how the phase lag
acts as an efficient control knob that regulates
ionization probabilities [ACL306, ACL294]. 2)
We have shown why traditional statistical theories commonly used in chemical physics cannot provide accurate results for OCS. The analysis of this Hamiltonian system with three degrees of freedom shows that the intramolecular
energy transfer is mediated by a family of twodimensional invariant tori which are the equivalent of the so-called bottlenecks in transition state
theory [ACL320, ACL308]. 3) We have identified
the mechanisms behind the multiple ionization of
atoms and molecules driven by intense and short
(linearly polarized) lasers. The recollision picture
which is the keystone of strong field physics, has
to be complemented by the dynamical picture of
inner electron. This leads to accurate predictions
for the multiple ionization probabilities which are
in very good agreement with experimental measurements and quantum mechanical calculations
[ACL317, ACL318, ACL319].
Pion
Pion
The goal of this work was to identify the relevant structures in phase space which regulate
atomic and molecular processes. It allows one to
0.8
understand the dynamics of basic chemical reac0.6
tions (like ionization, dissociation and isomerisa0.4
tion). Our work connects the main changes in
0.2
the characteristic features observed experimen0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
tally (e.g., in the ionization yields) to bifurcaφ
tions in the phase space of these Hamiltonian
0.4
systems. During the period 2006-2009, we con0.3
sidered three problems: 1) Ionization of Ryd0.2
berg atoms driven by elliptically polarized microwave field [ACL287] or a bichromatic linearly
0.1
0
1
2
3
4
polarized field [ACL306, ACL294, ACL281], 2)
φ
Vibrational energy transfer in molecules (OCS
and HF)[ACL320, ACL305, ACL308], 3) Multiple ionization of atoms and molecules driven by Figure 12.3: Ionization probabilities of Rydberg
atoms driven by a bichromatic microwave field as
strong laser pulses [ACL317, ACL318, ACL319].
a function of the phase lag. The theoretical preThe main results associated with these three
diction (continuous curve) is compared with full
problems are 1) Understanding of the sensitivquantum calculations (circles).
ity of the ionization of Rydberg atoms with respect to small changes in the polarization of
the field [ACL287]. Application of a HamiltoThis work is part of an ongoing collaboration
nian control to suppress ionization of Rydberg between tour team and the School of Physics at
112
Georgia Tech. This collaboration benefited from
a PICS funding from the CNRS (2008-2010).
Long-range interactions
Hamiltonian systems with a large number of particles interacting through long-range forces display peculiar properties when viewed using a statistical analysis (e.g., negative specific heat, inequivalence of ensembles). The main goal of our
work here is to unveil these peculiar properties
using a dynamical analysis. These systems are
encountered in a new generation of lasers called
single pass free electron lasers (FEL) from which
the perspective of having a tunable and low wavelength lasers represents a formidable challenge
with considerable applications. Their dynamics
is described by a reduced Hamiltonian. We have
derived this Hamiltonian using a Hamiltonian
parent model, the Vlasov-Maxwell equations, in
a purely Hamiltonian way [ACL298] offering the
possibility to deriving reduced models without
loosing the important properties of the system
(e.g., energy conservation being one of them).
The Hamiltonian property of a system offers the
way to apply tools from Hamiltonian nonlinear
dynamics in an algebraic way. We were able to
compute analytically expansions of macroscopic
quantities and to link them with phase transitions
occurring in the system as parameters are varied
[ACL310]. We have investigated the dynamics of
these long-range systems with the aim of linking
the mechanisms for coherent light emission to the
structures in phase space. We identified a regular
structure (called macro-particle) composed by invariant tori which is the main source of coherent
light emission. This opened the way to control
these light sources by manipulating these relevant structures with external parameters (Hamiltonian control [ACL296] or bifurcation of periodic orbits [ACL297, ACL289]). We were able
to achieve a significant reduction of the oscillations at the output of the FEL, as well as an increase of the mean intensity. A striking feature of
these long range systems is the fact that they display some self organized integrability [ACL299,
ACL315], meaning that some stationary states of
the system correspond to regular microscopic dynamics (see Fig. 12.4).
Figure 12.4: Bifurcation of the macro-particle in
the Hamiltonian Mean Field model as a function
of the choice of the initial ensemble.
This work is a collaboration between our team
and the Center for Complex Systems at the University of Florence (D. Fanelli and S. Ruffo).
Low dimensional Hamiltonian chaos,
application to transport phenomena
We have extended the control methods developed for plasma physics to hydrodynamics by
investigating the possibility of targeted mixing
[ACL290 ACL278], meaning the fact that efficient mixing can be achieved in a two dimensional cellular flow, without destroying the cellular structure, i.e while keeping virtual walls in
the flow. We have also studied more precisely
anomalous transport using ergodicity and evolutions of distributions[ACL307]. Also an extension to three-dimensional incompressible flows
has been performed using the chaotic nature of
field lines [ACL283]. Finally, we developed new
techniques of control of transport using adiabatic
theory [ACL316].
12.3. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS
This part of our activity is done in collaboration with the University of Bejaia (O. Ourrad), the Space Research Institute of Moscow (A.
Vasiliev) and the Loughborough University (A.
113
Neishtadt). It has been the topic of a conference
organized by our team Chaos, Complexity and
Transport: Theory and Applications, which was
organized in Marseille in June 2007 [ACTI051].
13. Scientific Report of the Quantum
Dynamics and Spectral Analysis team
During the period 2006-09, the group was composed of 9 academics members : J.-M.Barbaroux (mcf,
hdr), 50 % , F. Bentosela (prof.), P. Briet (prof., team leader), J.-M. Combes (prof.), 50 %, P. Duclos
(prof., team leader), 50 %, J.-M. Ghez (mcf), M. Rouleux (mcf, hdr), 50 %, E. Soccorsi (mcf), V.
Zagrebnov (prof.) 30 %, 5 current PHD students, O. Meresse, B. Savoie, C. Gianesello, I. Baydoun,
A. Bensouissi and 3 former PHD students, D. Louis (2006), B. Ricaud (2007) and O. Turek (2009),
In may 2009 the group has recruited a high profile academic member, A. Panati, to diversify the group’s
work towards the mathematical aspects of the quantum field theory.
The DQAS group addresses a large class of mathematical open problems coming
from both classical and quantum mechanics. Basic mathematical tools required
are the spectral analysis of EDP, operator theory and functional analysis. Over
these last years the group has developed a strong activity in various fields of
mathematical physics, such as:
• The rigorous study of quantum systems in interaction with an exterior magnetic field (stability of the matter in the strong field regime, spectral analysis
and existence of extended states in non homogeneous Hall systems, integrated density of states).
• Spectral analysis and mesoscopic systems (waveguide, differential operators
defined on graphs).
• Non-perturbative approach to quantum field theory, stability of the matter
in interaction with a quantized electromagnetic field.
• Semigroup theory and evolution equation (Trotter-Kato formula, Gibbs
semigroup, magnetic response).
115
116CHAPTER 13. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE QUANTUM DYNAMICS AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS TE
13.1
Spectral properties of magnetic quantum Hamiltonians
Magnetic Hamiltonians describing physical
phenomena in presence of magnetic field, play
a special role within mathematics. The related
problems the group was interested in, arise from
both classical and quantum physics. This domain received considerable attention over the last
decades, which has been essentially motivated by
mathematical questions related to the quantum
Hall effect.
In collaboration with several experts of the
domain, the group has organized an international conference on the subject in July
2008, hosted by the CIRM in Luminy. See
http://www.mat.puc.cl/ graikov/cirm.html for
more details and [OS026] for the proceedings.
of edge currents in Hall systems. The quantum
devices studied with regard to the quantum Hall
effect are distinguished by the fact that there is at
least one edge. Mathematically an edge state is a
state spatially concentrated near the edge. Such
a state ψ carries an edge current if the expectation of the velocity operator in the state ψ is non
vanishing. For semi-infinite system like a halfplane, the existence of edge states is equivalent
to the existence of absolutely continuous (AC)
spectrum for the corresponding Hamiltonian H0 ,
[ACL351]. This need not be the case for more
complicated edge geometries, [ACL352].
For an infinite strip of finite width however,
the presence of edge currents can be spectrally
translated as the existence of AC spectrum for
H0 . This is achieved in [ACTI061] by proving
Mourre estimates for appropriate conjugate operators. One of the benefits of a local positive
commutator of this type is its stability under
perturbation, which is therefore particularly useful to prove the persistence of edge currents in
presence of weak disorder [ACL351, ACTI061].
The spectral properties of the perturbed operator
H = H0 + V , have been extensively investigated
in [ACTI061, ACL346]. for suitable perturbations V .
The Integrated density of States for
magnetic random operators (IDS)
The IDS is one of the main spectral characterizations needed in the study of periodic or disordered quantum systems, see e.g. [ACTI057]. An
open problem is the dependence of the IDS with
respect to some physical parameters. Our group
has significantly contributed to this domain over
the last years, by publishing several papers on
the subject. In [ACL337], strong relations between the local distribution of the random potential and the regularity of the IDS in the energy have been exhibited. The question of the
dependence in the field parameter is addressed
in [ACL333] and [ACTI056]. For a large class
of ergodic random electric potentials, we give a
Quantum Hall systems
complete description of the behavior of the IDS
The study of 2-d magnetic Schrödinger operators near and far from the Landau levels in the strong
is at the center of the mathematical explanation field regime.
13.2. SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AND MESOSCOPIC SYSTEMS
117
Resonances in quantum magnetic sys- by 1)twisting or 2)reducing the cross-section of,
a single waveguide, or 3)modifying the angle of
tems
The study of resonances for non-relativistic
Hamiltonians is one of the favorite fields of investigation for the mathematical physicists of
the CPT. The magnetic case is particularly
interesting and has received lot of attention
from both mathematics and physics communities. In [ACL343] we study the case of magnetic Schrödinger operators H having infinitely
many eigenvalues embedded in the continuous
spectrum. We show that a generic set of perturbation V of H the Fermi Golden Rule is valid
at each embedded eigenvalue of H; this allows
to associate resonances defined in the dynamical
sense.
crossing of two straight intersecting waveguides.
Twisted waveguides
A twisted quantum wave guide is a domain of the
form Ωθ := rθ ω × R where ω ⊂ R2 is a bounded
domain, and rθ = rθ (x) is a rotation by the angle θ(x) depending on the longitudinal variable
x. If the constant twisting is perturbed by the
function = (x) which decays slowly enough at
infinity, then it is shown in [ACL358] that the
corresponding Dirichlet Laplacian has infinitely
many discrete bound states accumulating from
below at the minimum of the essential spectrum.
Moreover the rate of accumulation of these bound
states can be described in terms of the rate of
Strong magnetic field regime for decay of at infinity, and of the geometry of the
cross-section ω. In contrast to the usual situacoulomb systems
tion the asymptotic results of [ACL358] are not
Atoms and molecules in strong magnetic induced by an external potential, but by a geofields with constant strength B are well de- metrical perturbation.
scribed by one-dimensional effective Hamiltonians [ACL359], ACL335]. These operators provide Leaky wires
useful asymptotic information on these quantum
systems as B → ∞, such as the number N of elec- Effective models of pseudo-particles (excitons)
trons that can be bound by one or two nuclei of in carbon nanotubes studied in [ACL338] also
charge Z. One possible issue is the prediction or describe leaky wires. The wire considered in
the confirmation of the existence of exotic atoms [ACL338] is the cylinder Cr = R × rS1 , where
and molecules in the vicinity of neutron stars, see S1 denotes the unit circle and r > 0. If r becomes small enough, the low lying spectrum of
[ACL332], [ACL331] and [ACL335].
the system is described by a one-dimensional effective Hamiltonian Hr . Moreover Hr possesses
13.2 Spectral
analysis
and a bound state, and its bottom energy decreases
as r goes to zero. This result is reminiscent of
mesoscopic systems
the one obtained in [ACL335], since the effective
Together with the LATP,1 the DQAS team an- magnetic Hamiltonian of this model can actually
imates a working group called Guides d’Ondes be deduced from Hr by substituting the strength
et Milieux Stratifiés (GOMS) that is hosted by of the magnetic field for r−1 .
the FRUMAM. 18 workshops and seminars in- Analogously the models investigated in [ACL336]
vestigating several aspects of the spectral anal- and [ACTI059] ([ACL339]) describe straight
ysis of waveguides have been organized in this crossing leaky wires. This system has a bound
framework from 2006 to 2009. Details of these state, localized in the neighbourhood of the crossmeetings can be found at http://www.latp.univ- ing point. Further the corresponding eigenvalue
mrs.fr/seminaire/goms. The group has made sev- is shown to be a decaying function of θ. These reeral contributions to the study of waveguides. sults are in the PHD thesis of B. Ricaud (novemThey investigate the properties of bound states ber 2007) achieved under the supervision of P.
induced by geometrical perturbations obtained Duclos.
1
Laboratoire d’Analyse, Topologie, Probabilités-UMR 6632
Operators on a graph
Quantum graphs have received a lot of attention in the last three decades, as a useful tool
in both, applications, and theoretical study of
physical properties such as quantum chaos. In
[ACL347] it is investigated Schrödinger operators on an infinite quantum graph, which is a
chain of identical rings connected at the touching points by δ-couplings, with constant α ∈ R.
For a ”straight-graph”, i.e. a periodic graph with
respect to ring shifts, the corresponding Hamiltonian has a band spectrum with all the gaps open,
whenever α 6= 0. Adding a “bending" deformation to the chain induces eigenvalues in the open
spectral gaps, and resonances. O. Türek, a PHD
student co-supervised by P. Duclos and P. Exner
(Tech Univ. Prague) defended his thesis (december 09) on this subject.
13.3
Non-perturbative
approach to Quantum Field
Theory
One of the line of research of the group is the
study of some models in Quantum Field Theory. Generally speaking it is difficult, without
imposing volume or ultraviolet cutoffs, to rigorously construct interacting QFT models, even
non-relativistic ones [ACL330]. Nevertheless, after inserting cutoffs, it is often possible to construct QFT Hamiltonians as self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space.
Various questions of these Hamiltonians can be
studied with methods of spectral theory originally developed for Schroedinger operators. The
main purposes of this approach are to develop
the necessary technical tools needed to shed light
on the mathematical structure of the theory (as
the construction of ultraviolet and infrared limit
or the role of non-unitarily equivalent representation of the Canonical Commutation Relations)
and to find out non-perturbative properties of the
models.
Typical examples are the Pauli-Fierz model (or
standard model of non-relativistic QED) and Nelson models. Existence of a ground state, properties of the binding energy and the structure of the
spectrum for such models are clearly connected to
the problem of stability of atoms and to the Lamb
shift. The non analyticity of the binding energy
w.r.t. the fine structure constant, as we shown
in [ACL344] and in [J.-M. Barbaroux, Th. Chen,
V. Vougalter, S. Vugalter, arXiv:0903.1854], is a
striking manifestation of the infrared divergence
problem due to the coupling to the quantized radiation field.
Recently our group hired A. Panati, who already worked on stability of matter problem for
Nelson model [A. Panati, to appear on Report
on Math.Phys arXiv:math-ph/0609065]. She devoted most of her previous research to a study
of the spectral and scattering theory of a class
of QFT Hamiltonians [C. Gérard, A. Panati,
Ann.Henri Poincaré 9, (2008) 1575–1629], the
main example beeing the space-cutoff P (φ)2
models on curved-space time [C. Gérard, A. Panati, Rev. Math. Phys. 21, (2009) 373-437].
Other examples in the first reference include similar models in higher dimension. Eventually, her
research aim to use the framework therein to construct interacting models on manifolds, such as
the Schwarzschild space time and to extend existing rigorous results on the Hawking effect. She is
currently focusing on problems of the existence of
the ground state for the Nelson model on curved
space-time. Partial results are available in [C.
Gérard, F. Hiroshima, A. Panati, A. Suzuki, Proceedings of the 8th Sendai WS IDA-QP].
The spectral study of a concrete mathematical
model for a weak interaction, as patterned according to the Standard Model in QFT, is a bona
fide model to test the robustness of new methods. We derived a limiting absorption principle
and propagation properties in [ACL355], and in
[ACL356] for such a model. These results paved
the way for a full spectral study of the decay of
the intermediate vector bosons W ± .
On the other hand in [ACL342], we have studied the structure of the spectrum of a weakly coupled spin-boson model. Under certain conditions
this analysis allows to avoid the cutoff in the number of bosons. We show that, for small coupling
constant, the lower part of the spectrum of the
spin-boson Hamiltonian contains isolated eigenvalues and manifolds of atom +1-boson states indexed by the boson momentum.
13.4. SEMIGROUPS AND EVOLUTION EQUATIONS
13.4
Semigroups and evolution
equations
The semigroup theory is involved in many
fields of quantum physics and then is a natural
area of investigation for mathematical physicists.
Strongly stimulated by the presence of experts in
quantum statistical mechanics at the CPT, our
group has developed an important activity in this
domain since many years.
Non-autonomous evolution equations
119
On the other hand in [ACL353] and [ACL361]
we established new results concerning the existence and various properties of a family of
evolution operators UA+B (t, s)0≤s≤t≤T generated by the sum −(A(t) + B(t)) of two timedependent and unbounded operators defined on
time-dependent domains. In particular, we can
express UA+B (t, 0)0≤t≤T as the strong limit of a
product of the C0 -contraction semigroups generated by −A(t) and −B(t), respectively, thereby
proving a Trotter-Kato type product formula under very general conditions which allow time dependant domain D(A(t) + B(t)).
In [ACL340] we introduce a new "Zeno" product
formula which combines an orthogonal projection
with a complex function of a non-negative operator. Under certain assumptions on this function
the strong convergence (even in norm under more
assumptions) of the product formula holds. The
mentioned formula can be used to describe the
Zeno dynamics in the situation when the usual
non-decay quantum measurement is replaced by
a particular generalized observables in the sense
of E.B.Davies.
Some new mathematical results are obtained
on quasi-sectorial contractions in [ACL362] and
[COM147]. First the maximal sectorial generator
A is characterized in terms of the corresponding
contraction semigroup {exp(−tA)}t≥0 . For such
contractions we then give a quite accurate localization of their numerical range Ω(α) (see Fig.
1.1.)
In this case we get new proof of the Euler
operator-norm approximation with an α dependent optimal error rate. for t ≥ 0, 0 < α < π/2,
n ∈ N,
Laplacian transport problem
exp(−tA) − (I + tA/n)−n ≤ Kα /n cos2 α.
This study is motivated by the Laplacian transport in anisotropic media and by elliptic systems with dynamical boundary conditions. The
paper [ACL354] is devoted to some basic properties of Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators Λγ,∂Ω
and its associated semigroups.
We proved
that when Ω is a smooth bounded convex
subset of Rd , the Dirichlet-to-Neumann
semi
group U (t) := e−tΛγ,∂Ω t≥0 in the Hilbert space
L2 (∂Ω) is of trace class: it is an immediate Gibbs semigroup. We consider a TrotterKato-Chernoff product-type approximating family {(Vγ,∂Ω (t/n))n }n≥1 strongly converging to
U (t) for n → ∞ and study cases when it can
be lifted to the trace-norm convergence.
The problem of the existence of propagators
associated to a general non-autonomous evolution of hyperbolic type is addressed in [ACL360].
We use the evolution semigroup approach to show
the existence of propagators. These results are
applied to time-dependent 1-d Schrödinger operators with moving point interactions.
Magnetic response
Since the works by Landau in 1930 the determination of magnetic susceptibility of a quantum
gas is still an open question even for quasi-perfect
quantum gases (trapped in periodic/ disordered
media).
To answer such a question, an efficient and elegant way is to use the properties of Gibbs semigroups. In [ACL334] we consider the case of a
free quantum gas, i.e the one particle operator is
the free magnetic Schrödinger operator, and investigate the associated semigroup. By using a
magnetic perturbation theory we get that the finite volume semigroup has a convergent Taylor
series w.r.t. the field parameter B in different
topologies.
This allows us to study the diamagnetic properties of the perfect quantum gas. In particular
in the regime where the activity z is sufficiently
small we prove the existence of the thermodynamic limit for the pressure and for all its derivatives w.r.t. B (the so-called generalized susceptibilities). By using the well known strategy based
on the Vitali Theorem we then derive the existence of the thermodynamic limit for all admissible parameter z. See [ACL345] or the PHD dissertation of D. Louis (June 2006, Supervisor P.
Briet) and the discussion therein.
13.5
Miscellaneous topics
• Propagation of electromagnetic waves in
complex media and wireless communication, sublinear behavior of the capacity of
the system w.r.t. the number of antennas,
[PP063].
• KAM Theory, [ACL349] and [ACL347].
• Semi-classical analysis. Extension to the
semi-classical setting of the Maupertuis Jacobi correspondence for the weyl quantization, [PP064].
• Andreev reflection and the semi-classical
Bogoliubov-de
Gennes
Hamiltonian,
[ACTI060] .
• Sojourn time for quantum Hamiltonian,
[ACL329].
• Stability conditions for surface tension
forces. Cauchy problems for bi-fluid models, [ACL341] and [ACL350].
Scientific events
The team, in collaboration with C.-A. Pillet, has organized the annual French congress of mathematical physics "Rencontres Semi-Classiques XIV " (CIRM-Luminy, January 07).
14. Scientific report of the Collective
Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium
Systems team
The team has 9 permanent members: J. Asch [MC HDR], J.-M. Barbaroux [MC HDR, 50%],
N. Berglund1 [MC HDR], J. M. Combes2 [PRCE, 50%], P. Duclos3 [PR1, 50%], C.-A. Pillet [PRCE],
M. Rouleux [MC HDR, 50%], J. Ruiz [DR2, 50%], V. Zagrebnov [PR1, 30%]. It has trained 11 PhD
students: I. Abdelwaheb, J.-P. Aguilar, M. Beau, R. Ben Saad A. Bensouissi, I. Baydoun, H. El Bouanani, C. Gianesello, T. Jaeck, C. Méresse, R. Nekrasov. Three of them have already defended their
thesis. Four of them are in cotutelle. and five got their degree in foreign universities. The team also
hosted a postdoctoral fellow, L. Bruneau, who was hired by Cergy-Pontoise after his stay at CPT, as
well as 10 medium-term foreign visitors (see Insert 14.1).
The team is active in various areas of mathematical physics and plays an important role in the animation of the French mathematical physics community. It has
performed pioneering works and acquired worldwide recognition in the following
topics:
• Collective phenomena in quantum systems: Bose-Einstein condensation in
homogeneous and inhomogeneous systems, superfluidity, superradiance, ...
• Non-equilibrium properties of open quantum systems: return to equilibrium,
relaxation to steady-states, entropy production, thermodynamic forcing and
transport, fluctuations, ....
• Transport properties of disordered systems: Anderson localization, quantum
Hall effect, ...
The team is well recognized by the national and international mathematical
physics community: its permanent members have published about 30 articles in
peer reviewed journals. They gave more than 20 invited talks in France and more
than 40 in international meetings. They have been involved in the organization
of 6 workshops or conferences in France and 6 in foreign countries (Canada,
Denmark, Germany, Romania, Singapour). They are editorial board members
of 9 international journals and are regularly solicited by various funding agencies
to evaluate research proposals. They are also active in the administration of
scientific societies (SMF, IAMP).
3
PR2 in Orléans since September 2007.
Emeritus since September 2009.
3
We have unfortunately lost Pierre Duclos who passed away on January 12, 2010 during a scientific visit to Prague.
3
121
122CHAPTER 14. SCIENTIFIC REPORT OF THE COLLECTIVE PHENOMENA AND OUT-OF-EQUILIBRI
In the remaining part of this report, we shall
briefly review a few realizations of the team and
refer the reader to the full publication list for further references.
ticipation of the most distinguished mathematical physicists to these efforts (the Poincaré Prize
awarded to R. Seiringer en 2009 for his work on
the BEC of interacting bosons testifies the prominent position of the problem in the community).
14.1
Recent experiments with cold bosons trapped
in optical lattice potentials have raised interests
in lattice Bose gas models like the so-called BoseHubbard model. Moreover, the need to understand related phenomena like the impurities induced BEC enhancement (predicted by Kac and
Luttinger in the early 70’) or even the more drastic reduction of the BEC critical dimension due
to such impurities has naturally led to consider
the effect of random perturbations.
Statistical mechanics
bosonic systems
of
Even though the basic mechanism responsible
for the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) is well
known, our mathematical understanding of the
subject is still far from being satisfactory. This
motivates the efforts that have been devoted to
the study of thermodynamic properties of nonideal Bose gas in the last 15 years, and the par-
Foreign visitors: J. Dereziński (Warsaw University), S. Dobrokhotov (Russian Academy of Sciences,
Moscow), P. Bleher (Purdue University), C. Jäkel (Cardiff University), V. Jakšić (Mc Gill University), A. Rebenko (National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev), H. Neidhardt (WIAS Berlin),
L. Rey-Bellet (University of Massachusetts, Amherst), H. Tamura (Kanazawa University), J. Yngvason
(University of Vienna).
Regular international collaborations: Universidad Pontificia (Santiago, Chile), Czech Technical University and Doppler Institute (Prague), Institute of Mathematics "Simion Stoilow" (Romanian
Academy of Sciences, Bucharest), Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), Technische Universität
and Ludwig Maximilians Universität (Munich), Institute of Advanced Studies (Dublin), McGill University (Montréal), University of Tokyo, Aalborg University, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, University of
Kentucky.
Non-recurrent funding and research group memberships: FRUMAM, GDRE Mathematics and Quantum Physics (2004–2008), GDRE Grefi-Mefi (2005–2009), GDR Quantum Dynamics
(2009–2012), IHP Network Analysis and Quantum (2003–2006), ACI Modélisation stochastique des
systèmes hors équilibre (2004–2008), PHC Ulysses 2006–2009, ANR Ham-Mark (2009–2013).
Encart 14.1: Visitors, collaborations and funding
In [ACL364], we study the effect of disorder on the BEC in a infinite-range Bose-Hubbard
model (such models are relevant to the study of
the Mott insulator-superfluid phase transition for
example). The Hamiltonian in a finite box Λ is
1 X ∗
(ax − a∗y )(ax − ay )
2|Λ|
x,y∈Λ
X
X
+λ
a∗x ax (a∗x ax − 1) +
vx (ω)a∗x ax ,
H=
x∈Λ
x∈Λ
where λ > 0 (repulsive interaction) and vx (ω) is
a (ergodic) random potential. Compared to previous results on the non-random case, new phenomena have been observed: instead of enhanced
BEC (relative to the ideal Bose gas), a discrete
distributions of the on-site potential vx lead to
suppression of BEC at some fractional densities
(see Figure 14.1). This suppression appears with
increasing disorder. On the other hand, the BEC
suppression at integer densities may disappear
if disorder increases. These results are obtained
from an explicit formula for the grand canonical
pressure in thermodynamic limit. Due to the ergodicity of the on-site potential, this quantity is
self-averaging limΛ pΛ (β, µ; ω) = p(β, µ). Using
the powerful technique of approximate Hamiltonian, we prove the identity
Z
p(β, µ) = sup −r2 + log Tr eβK(v) d%(v) ,
r>0
14.2. OPEN QUANTUM SYSTEMS
123
where % denotes the distribution of the on-site
potential vx and K(v) is an operator acting on
the Hilbert space of an harmonic oscillator with
creation/annihilation operators a∗ /a,
is expected from the very mechanism of BEC).
Denoting by φι the complete set of eigenfunctions
of HΛ (ω) and by Eι the corresponding eigenenergies, we consider the occupation measure defined
by
K(v) = (µ − v − 1)n − λn(n − 1) + r(a∗ + a),
1 X
mΛ (E) =
δ(E − Eι ) ha∗ (φι )a(φι )iΛ,β,µ ,
|Λ|
∗
n = a a being the corresponding number operaι
tor.
and show that, in the thermodynamic limit, it
converges towards the non-random measure m
which, for densities ρ larger than the critical density ρc , is given by
m(E) = (ρ − ρc )δ(E) + (eβE − 1)−1 ν(E),
where ν denotes the density of states of the limiting Anderson Hamiltonian. More importantly,
we prove that the condensate also concentrates
at the bottom of the spectrum of the kinetic energy, i.e., at zero momentum. This fact is far
from being obvious and requires a fairly delicate
analysis. It has far reaching consequences. In
particular it shows that the condensate remains
Figure 14.1: The inverse critical temperature βc as spatially delocalized, a somewhat surprising fact
a function of the density ρ in the Bose-Hubbard given the localized nature of the eigenstates of
model with Bernoulli on-site randomness, for var- the gas. This is achieved by considering the thermodynamic limit of the occupation measure
ious values of λ (taken from [ACL364]).
1 X
m
e Λ (E) =
δ(E − E(k)) ha∗ (k)a(k)iΛ,β,µ ,
|Λ|
k
In [ACL391], we investigate a model of continuous ideal Bose gas in a random background. where E(k) denotes the eigenvalue of the kinetic
energy as a function of the momentum. For
The Hamiltonian is
ρ ≥ ρc we obtain
1
HΛ (ω) = − ∆Λ + vω (x),
m(E)
e
= (ρ − ρc )δ(E) + F (E),
2
where ∆Λ denotes the Laplacian with Dirich- where F is a smooth density for which we have
let conditions on the boundary of the cubic box an explicit but quite involved formula that we
Λ ⊂ Rd and vω (x) is a repulsive, ergodic random refrain from reproducing here.
potential. As already mentioned, one expects in
this situation a reduction of the critical dimension of BEC from 2 + ε to 1. The shallow Lifschitz tail characteristic of the density of states of
disordered system near its band edges is responsible for this effect. However, the precise nature of
the condensate is not clear. The paper addresses
the important question of its localization properties in position and momentum space, which
clearly needs to be elucidated in order to make
connection with experiments. We first show that
the condensate concentrates at the bottom of the
spectrum of the full Hamiltonian (which is what
14.2
Open quantum systems
Consisting of a small subsystem with few degrees of freedom (a physicist would call it a N level atom, a spin or a quantum dot depending on his background) coupled to several infinite ideal reservoirs, these systems provide a natural playground to investigate non-equilibrium
phenomena like return to equilibrium, transport
or statistical properties of quantum noises. For
the mathematician, they are simple examples of
C ∗ - and W ∗ -dynamical systems, and this more
abstract point of view had deep consequences
in the past development of the subject – e.g.
Tomita-Takesaki’s modular theory played a central role in the proof of return to equilibrium, in
the construction of non-equilibrium steady states
(NESS) and in the discussion of entropy production in open quantum systems. The leading
position of the team in these developments was
recently acknowledged by the attribution of the
HAM-MARK ANR grant (Institut Camille Jordan UMR 5208 in Lyon and CPT).
In a series of papers [ACL366,ACL367,ACL368,ACL378] we have developed and applied
a general strategy for the rigorous justification
of linear response theory for NESS. The steady
currents hΦk iX induced by thermodynamic forces
X = (X1 , . . .) (see Figure 14.2) are given, to first
order in the forces, by the Green-Kubo formula
Ljk = ∂Xj hΦk iX X=0
Z
1 ∞
=
hΦk (0)Φj (t)iX=0 dt.
2 −∞
Modular theory is usually trivial before taking
the thermodynamic limit. It acquires its full
strength once this limit has been taken. It is our
main tool to deal with the infinite reservoirs. Applying Zubarev’s idea to the modular dynamics
we show that if the initial state is an equilibrium
state for the Heisenberg dynamics etδX , then the
state at time t is an equilibrium state for the dynamics generated by
X Xj Z t
δX −
i[Φj (s), · ] ds,
β 0
j
which we see as a rigorous formulation of Zubarev
non-equilibrium ensemble. If the coupling of the
reservoirs to the small system S is sufficiently
nice, so are the current operators Φj and the previous formula can be used as a starting point for
a perturbative analysis. It remains of course to
deal with the large time limit. This can be done
either perturbatively, via a Schwinger-Dyson expansion, or using the Liouvillean framework that
we have previously developed.
Any textbook on nonequilibrium statistical
physics contains a "proof" of this "fact". HowR1 , β − X1
ever, a proper mathematical analysis requires to
understand the delicate interplay of three distinct
Φk
Rj , β − Xj
limits: the thermodynamic limit in the reservoirs,
S
Rk , β − Xk
the large time limit needed to reach a steady state
and the weak forcing limit. This problematic was
RM , β − XM
already raised by van Kampen in a celebrated objection against linear response.
From the mathematical point of view, the Figure 14.2: A small system S coupled to several
infinite reservoirs Rj , each in thermal equilibrium
problem is to develop a perturbation theory (in
at inverse temperature β − Xj . The Xj are therthe forces Xj ) that is well behaved w.r.t. the
modynamic forces that induce the currents Φk .
thermodynamic limit and the large time limit.
Of course other driving forces like chemical poOur approach combines two key ingredients:
tential differentials can be considered.
1. Modular theory: more precisely the fact
that, even if at any finite time the state
of the system is not an equilibrium state
In [ACL392] we complete the fluctuationfor its dynamics, it is an equilibrium state
for a uniquely determines dynamics (the so- dissipation grand picture by adding the Einstein
relation, i.e., we prove a central limit theorem for
called modular dynamics).
the fluctuations of the current in a locally inter2. An idea of Zubarev: at any finite time, the acting Fermi gas.
"perturbation" induced by the thermodyOne of the major obstacle to further develnamic forces (i.e., the discrepancies in the opment of the theory of open quantum systems
intensive thermodynamic parameters of the is the control of the Hamiltonian dynamics of a
reservoirs) are equivalent to the action of a system with many degrees of freedom coupled to
mechanical force.
its environment. A first step in this direction
14.3. TRANSPORT IN DISORDERED SYSTEMS
was taken in [ACL387] where we study a simple model of one-atom maser. There, the small
system is a single mode of a QED cavity while
the reservoir consists in a beam of 2-level atoms
in thermal equilibrium, almost resonant with the
cavity and interacting sequentially with it (resulting in a so-called repeated interaction model). It
is well known that under particular (non-generic)
conditions Rabi oscillations of the atom lead to
mode trapping of the cavity.
−1
10
−2
10
−3
10
−4
10
0
5
8 11
15
20
25
31
38
45
53
Figure 14.3: State of the cavity (probability
vs. photon number) after interactions with 5000
atoms. The red line is the initial state (thermal equilibrium at temperature T0 , notice the log
scale). The dotted line is the asymptotic state
(thermal equilibrium at temperature T∞ < T0 ).
The actual state (broken line) is locally at temperature T∞ , its slope being locally that of the
dotted line (taken from [ACL387]).
125
Fermi gases are of particular interest because of
their daily use in nanophysics. In this context,
the small system becomes the sample while the
reservoirs are the wires which connect to it. The
Landauer-Büttiker formula is one of the most
useful tools for such systems. We have devoted
3 articles [ACL373,ACL384,ACL389] to its rigorous discussion. Let us just mention here the
main results of [ACL384], where we derive the
Landauer-Büttiker formula for the Onsager matrix Ljk starting, unlike in the usual scattering
approach, from an adiabatic switching-on of a
voltage bias in the reservoirs. We show in particular that within this approach transient oscillations (that may occur when the coupled Hamiltonian has some point spectrum) are washed out
by the adiabatic procedure: The current reaches
its steady value without the need of time averaging.
In [ACTI060] we consider the more delicate
situation where the sample is a normal conductor
and the reservoirs are in superconducting state
(Josephson junctions). Due to Andreev reflections at the junctions, so called Andreev bound
states build up in the sample, carrying large supercurrents through the normal conductor. We
study the quantization problem of such states at
energies near the Fermi level in the semiclassical
regime. We reduce the problem to finding the zeros of the determinant of a monodromy matrix,
which we characterize partially by means of geometric quantities.
Closely related to the ideal Fermi gases are
the integrable spin chains, of interest due to their
peculiar transport properties. In the past we have
constructed NESS for such systems and we continue to study their properties. In [ACL374], we
establish a simple spectral criterion on the density of translation invariant quasifree state which
ensures the exponential decay of spin-spin spatial
correlations. Such a rapid decay is usually not expected in non-equilibrium states and provides a
tentative signature of integrability.
Taking advantage of the Markovian character of the dynamics we prove that when these
conditions are not met the cavity asymptotically
reaches thermal equilibrium. However, we show
that it has an infinite set of metastable (almost
trapped) states trough which it must cascade before reaching this final state. The resulting dynamics, which we believe is typical of a large
open system, combines a rapid (exponential) rein disordered
laxation to what could be called local equilibrium 14.3 Transport
and a much slower (non-exponential) approach of
systems
this local equilibrium to the global one (see Figure 14.3).
Understanding the spectral properties of disThe very special open systems made of ideal ordered systems and their relations to trans-
port properties has been a central subject in
the mathematical physics community since several decades. Thanks to these efforts, proofs of
Anderson localization, i.e., of the pure point nature of the spectrum with exponentially localized
eigenfunctions are now available for a wide class
of lattice and continuous models at high disorder or near the band edges. However, the subject raised a wealth of other interesting problems
some of which remain widely open.
In [ACL395] we prove that the point spectrum of a continuous Anderson Hamiltonian in
the (complete) localization region is simple and
obeys Poisson statistics (with a strength given by
the density of states), i.e., does not display level
repulsion. Such results were already available for
discrete models, not for continuous ones. They
are important because they provide information
on the spatial distribution of the eigenfunctions.
15. Scientific production 2006 - 2009
This chapter lists the full scientific production of CPT for the period 2006 2009, according to the classification recommended by AERES, and on a teamby-team basis. According to the AERES criteria, more than 95% of the 51 CPT
permanent research staff members are “publishing/publiants”
The scientific production of CPT for the period 2006 - 2009 is listed below according to the categories
defined by AERES:1
◦
Articles published in peer-reviewed journals listed by international data bases like ISI Web of
Knowledge,... (ACL): 400
◦
Articles published in peer-reviewed journals not listed by international data bases (ACLN):
5
◦ Articles published in journals without peer-review (ASCL): 4
◦ Patents (BRE): 0
◦ Invited presentations given at an international or national conference (INV): 51
◦ Communication in the proceedings of an international conference (ACTI): 69
◦ Communication in the proceedings of a national conference (ACTN): 0
◦ Oral communication at a national or international conference without proceedings (COM): 190
◦ Poster presentation at a national or international conference (AFF): 1
◦ Scientific books (or chapters of scientific books) (OS): 33
◦ Popularization books (or chapters of popularization books) (OV): 5
◦ Edition of books (DO): 4
◦ Other production (AP): 1
◦ Preprints (PP): 75
1
We have added the category PP corresponding to preprints
127
128
CHAPTER 15. SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION 2006 - 2009
Factual data concerning the scientific production of CPT
◦ In the list of publications, the names of the permanent members of CPT have been underlined,
while the dash-underlined names correspond to non permanent members (PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, visitors,...)
◦ The average publication rate is of about 2 articles per permanent member per year (about twothirds of the permanent staff are university employees with teaching duties, and about one quarter
of the permanent members are mathematicians, belonging to the Sections 25 and 26 of the CNU).
◦ The 400 ACL publications of the period 2006-2009 were published in about 100 different peerreviewed international journals.
◦ 62% of the ACL articles are published in more than 50 physics journals. The remining ACL
articles are almost equally shared between mathematical physics journals (20% of the production)
and purely mathematical journals (18% of the production).
◦ The ACL list shows publications in high impact physics journals like Nature Physics, Nature,
and Science (1 article in each), Physical Review Letters (22 articles), Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences (2 articles) Physical Review Series B (23 articles), D (29 articles), and E (8
articles), Classical and Quantum Gravity (24 articles), Astronomy & Astrophysics (42 articles), The
Astrophysical Journal (19 articles).
◦ Likewise, the ACL list shows publications in high impact journals in mathematical physics like
Communications in Mathematical Physics (10 articles), Journal of Statistical Physics (12 articles),
Journal of Physics A (20 articles), Journal of Mathematical Physics (20 articles).
◦ Finally, the ACL list also shows publications in high impact mathematics journals like Journal
of Functional Analysis (6 articles), Duke Mathematical Journal (2 articles), Annales de l’Institut
Fourier (2 articles).
◦ A large fraction (more than 95% for the ACL articles) of the CPT publications for the period
2006 - 2009 are referenced on the CNRS HAL repository.
The table shown on the next page summarizes the scientific production of each of the 10 research
teams2 in terms of the categories defined above. The two categories BRE (patents) and ACTN
(Communication in the proceedings of a national conference), for which there were no entries, have
been discarded.
2
E1 = Particle Physics; E2 = Geometry, Physics, and Symetries; E3 = Cosmology; E4 = Quantum Gravity; E5 =
Statistical Physics; E6 = Nanophysics; E7 = Ergodic Theory; E8 = Non Linear Dynamics; E9 = Quantum Dynamics
and Spectral Analysis; E10 = Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems. For each team, the effective
permanent staff is indicated.
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
[3]
[5,5]
[2]
[3]
ACL
26
49
55
68
26
ACLN
0
0
0
0
ASCL
0
0
0
INV
12
18
ACTI
15
COM
E6
E7
E8
[1,5]
[7]
33
19
52
34
35
3
400
3
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
4
1
0
10
6
4
0
0
0
0
51
8
10
6
2
4
2
8
6
0
7
68
14
23
31
14
4
9
6
39
27
23
0
190
AFF
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
OS
1
2
1
12
4
0
2
3
1
7
0
33
OV
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
DO
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
0
4
AP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
PP
4
17
9
19
2
2
8
1
2
10
1
75
[3,17] [3,5]
129
E9
E10
DIV
TOT
[2,67] [2,17] [0,5]
[34,5]
15.1 ACL : Articles published in peer-reviewed journals listed by international
data bases like ISI Web of Knowledge,...
E1 - Particle Physics
[ACL001] Babich, R. ; Berruto, F. ; Garron, N. ; Hoelbling, C. ; Lellouch, L. ; et al. Light Hadron and Diquark
Spectroscopy in Quenched QCD with Overlap Quarks on a Large Lattice. Journal of High Energy Physics 0601, 086,
2006. hal-00012331
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[ACL008] Kampf, K. ; Knecht, M. ; Novotny, J. The Dalitz Decay pi0 -> e+ e- gamma Revisited. European Physical
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[ACL012] Berginc, G. ; Bourrely, C. The Small-Slope Approximation Method Applied to a Three-Dimensional Slab with
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[ACL027] Bandelloni, G. ; Lazzarini, S. Large Chiral Diffeomorphisms on Riemann Surfaces and W-Algebras. Journal of
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[ACL028] Coquereaux, R. ; Hammaoui, D. ; Schieber, G. ; Tahri, E. H. Comments about Quantum Symmetries of
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[ACL029] Duval, C. ; Horvath, Z. ; Horvathy, P. A. ; Martina, L. ; Stichel, P. C. Berry Phase Correction to Electron
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[ACL030] Duval, C. ; Horvath, Z. ; Horvathy, P. A. Fermat Principle for Spinning Light. Physical Review D 74,
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[ACL031] Duval, C. ; Horvath, Z. ; Horvathy, P. A. ; Martina, L. ; Stichel, P. C. Comment on "Berry Phase Correction
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[ACL032] Fargion, D. ; Khlopoff, M. ; Stephan, C. Cold Dark Matter by Heavy Double Charged Leptons ? Classical
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[ACL033] Gayral, V. ; Iochum, B. ; Varilly, J. C. Dixmier Traces on Noncompact Isospectral Deformations. Journal of
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[ACL034] Iochum, B. ; Schücker, T. Diffeomorphisms and Orthogonal Frames. Journal of Geometry and Physics 56,
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[ACL035] Knecht, M. ; Schücker, T. Spectral Action and Big Desert. Physics Letters B 640, 272, 2006. hal00069134
[ACL036] Martinetti, P. Carnot-Caratheodory Metric and Gauge Fluctuation in Noncommutative Geometry.
Communications in Mathematical Physics 265, 585, 2006. hal-00133306
[ACL037] Schücker, T. ; Tilquin, A. From Hubble Diagrams to Scale Factors. Astronomy and Astrophysics 447, 413,
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[ACL038] Stephan, C. Almost-Commutative Geometries Beyond the Standard Model. Journal of Physics A 39, 9657,
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[ACL039] Coquereaux, R. Racah-Wigner Quantum 6J Symbols, Ocneanu Cells for A(N) Diagrams, and Quantum
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[ACL040] Coquereaux, R. ; Schieber, G. Orders and Dimensions for sl(2) or sl(3) Module Categories and Boundary
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[ACL041] Duval, C. ; Horvath, Z. ; Horvathy, P. Geometrical Spinoptics and the Optical Hall Effect. Journal of
Geometry and Physics 57, 925, 2007. ccsd-00008769
[ACL042] Gayral, V. ; Jureit, J.-H. ; Krajewski, T. ; Wulkenhaar, R. Quantum Field Theory in Projective Modules.
Journal of Noncommutative Geometry 1, 431, 2007. hal-00122770
[ACL043] Gayral, V. ; Iochum, B. ; Vassilevich, D. V. Heat Kernel and Number Theory on NC-Torus.
[ACL044] Isaev, A. P. ; Ogievetsky, O. On Baxterized Solutions of Reflection Equation and Integrable Chain Models.
Nuclear Physics B 760, 167, 2007. hal-00263885
[ACL045] Isasi, E. ; Schieber, G. From Modular Invariants to Graphs : the Modular Splitting Method. Journal of
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[ACL046] Jureit, J.-H. ; Krajewski, T. ; Schücker, T. ; Stephan, C. On the Noncommutative Standard Model. Acta
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[ACL047] Jureit, J.-H. ; Stephan, C. Finding the Standard Model of Particle Physics A Combinatorial Problem. Computer
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[ACL048] Jureit, J.-H. ; Krajewski, T. ; Schücker, T. ; Stephan, C. Seesaw and Noncommutative Geometry. Physics
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[ACL049] Schücker, T. ; Zouzou, I. Perturbations to the Hubble Diagram. Acta Physica Polonica B 38, 135, 2007.
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[ACL050] Squellari, R. ; Stephan, C. Almost-Commutative Geometries Beyond the Standard Model III : Vector Doublets.
Journal of Physics A 40, 010685, 2007. hal-00166920
[ACL051] Stephan, C. Massive Neutrinos in Almost-Commutative Geometry. Journal of Mathematical Physics 438,
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[ACL052] Stephan, C. Almost-Commutative Geometries Beyond the Standard Model II : New Colours. Journal of Physics
A 40, 09941, 2007. hal-00166921
[ACL053] Duval, C. Finsler Spinoptics. Communication in Mathematical Physics 701, 2008. hal-00159128
[ACL054] Essouabri, D. ; Iochum, B. ; Levy, C. ; Sitarz, A. Spectral Action on Noncommutative Torus. Journal of
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[ACL055] Girardi, G. ; Grimm, R. ; Labonne, B. ; Orloff, J. Correspondence Between 3-Form and Non-Minimal
Multiplet in Supersymmetry. European Physical Journal C 55, 95, 2008. hal-00196193
[ACL056] Isaev, A. P. ; Krivonos, S. O. ; Ogievetsky, O. Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin Operators for W Algebras. Journal
of Mathematical Physics 49, 073512, 2008. hal-00203122
[ACL057] Isaev, A. P. ; Os'kin, A. F. ; Ogievetsky, O. Chain Models on Hecke Algebra for Corner Type Representations.
Reports on Mathematical Physics 61, 309, 2008. hal-00374558
[ACL058] Jureit, J.-H. ; Stephan, C. On a Classification of Irreducible Almost Commutative Geometries IV. Journal of
Mathematical Physics 49, 033502, 2008. hal-00125798
[ACL059] Khoroshkin, S. ; Ogievetsky, O. Mickelsson Algebras and Zhelobenko Operators. Journal of Algebra 319,
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[ACL060] Lazzarini, S. ; Tidei, C. Polyakov Soldering and Second Order Frames : the Role of the Cartan Connection.
Letters in Mathematical Physics 85, 27, 2008. hal-00258919
[ACL061] Michel, J. P. ; Duval, C. On the Projective Geometry of the Supercircle : a Unified Construction of the Super CrossRatio and Schwarzian Derivative. International Mathematics Research Notices 2008, RNN054, 2008. hal-0017754
[ACL062] Schücker, T. ; Zaimen, N. Cosmological Constant and Time Delay. Astronomy & Astrophysics 484, 103,
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[ACL063] Stephan, C. Gauge Unification in Noncommutative Geometry. Europhysics Letters 84, 51003, 2008. hal00176077
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[ACL064] Coquereaux, R. Clifford Algebras, Spinors and Fundamental Interactions : Twenty Years After. Advances in
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[ACL065] Coquereaux, R. Conformal Embeddings and Quantum Graphs with Self-Fusion. Sao Paulo Journal of
Mathematical Sciences 3, 239, 2009. hal-00286087
[ACL066] Coquereaux, R. ; Schieber, G. Quantum Symmetries for Exceptional SU(4) Modular Invariants Associated with
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[ACL067] Duval, C. ; Hassaïne, M. ; Horvathy, P. The Geometry of Schrödinger Symmetry in Non-Relativistic CFT.
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[ACL068] Duval, C. ; Horvathy, P. Non-Relativistic Conformal Symmetries and Newton-Cartan Structures. Journal of
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[ACL069] Iochum, B. ; Levy, C. ; Sitarz, A. Spectral Action on SUq(2). Communication in Mathematical Physics
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[ACL070] Isaev, A. P. ; Ogievetsky, O. Braids, Shuffles and Symmetrizers. Journal of Physics A 42, 1, 2009. hal00421942
[ACL071] Ogievetsky, O. ; Popov, T. Cremmer-Gervais Quantum Lie Algebra. Fortschrift Physik 57, 654, 2009. hal00402203
[ACL072] Ogievetsky, O. ; Popov, T. R-Matrices in Rime. Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics,
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[ACL073] Schücker, T. Cosmological Constant and Lensing. General Relativity and Gravitation 41, 67, 2009. hal00203123
[ACL074] Schücker, T. Strong Lensing in the Einstein-Strauss Solution. General Relativity and Gravitation 41, 1595,
2009. hal-00292915
[ACL075] Krajewski, T. ; Rivasseau, V. ; Tanasa, A. ; Wang, Z. Topological Graph Polynomials and Quantum Field
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E3 - Cosmology
[ACL076] Cucciati, O. ; Iovino, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; [VVDS]. The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : the Build-Up of the
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[ACL077] Franzetti, P. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : Beyond Color Bimodality : the Mix
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[ACL078] Gavignaud, I. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey : the Faint Type-1 AGN
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[ACL079] Ilbert, O. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : Galaxy Luminosity Function per
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[ACL080] Ilbert, O. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Accurate Photometric Redshifts for the cfht Legacy Survey Calibrated Using
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[ACL081] Meneux, B. ; Le Fevre, O. ; Guzzo, L. ; Pollo, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. The VIMOST-VLT Deep Survey
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[ACL082] Paltani, S. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : The Ultraviolet Galaxy Luminosity
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[ACL083] Pierre, M. ; (Marinoni, C.) ; et al. The XMM Large Scale Structure survey : A Well Controlled X-Ray Cluster
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[ACL084] Pollo, A. ; Guzzo, L. ; Le Fèvre, O. ; Meneux, B. ; Cappi, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. The VIMOS-VLT
Deep Survey - Luminosity Dependence of Clustering at z Similar or Equal to 1. Astronomy and Astrophysics 451, 409,
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[ACL085] Yeche, C. ; Ealet, A. ; Refregier, A. ; Tao, C. ; Tilquin, A. ; Virey, J.-M. Prospects for Dark Energy
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[ACL086] Arnouts, S. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The SWIRE-VVDS-CFHTLS Surveys : Stellar Mass Assembly over
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[ACL087] Bongiorno, A. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VVDS type-1 AGN Sample : the Faint End of the
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[ACL088] De La Torre, S. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). VVDS-SWIRE - Clustering Evolution from a Spectroscopic
Sample of Galaxies with Redshift 0.2<z<2.1 Selected from Spitzer IRAC 3.6 mu m and 4.5 mu m Photometry. Astronomy
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[ACL089] Lilly, S. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). zCOSMOS : a Large VLT/VIMOS Redshift Survey Covering
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[ACL090] Pozzetti, L. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey - The Assembly History of the
Stellar Mass in Galaxies : from the Young to the Hold Universe. Astronomy & Astrophysics 474, 443, 2007. HAL00149223
[ACL091] Springob, C. M. ; Masters, K. L. ; Haynes, M. P. ; Giovanelli, R. ; Marinoni, C. SFI++ II : A New IBand Tully-Fisher Catalog, Derivation of Peculiar Velocities and Dataset Properties. Astrophysical Journal 172, 599, 2007.
[ACL092] Tresse, L. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Cosmic Star Formation Rate Evolution from z=5 to z=0 from the
Vimos VLT Deep Survey. Astronomy & Astrophysics 472, 403, 2007. hal-00124547
[ACL093] Virey, J.-M. ; Ealet, A. Sensitivity and Figures of Merit for Dark Energy Supernovae Survey. Astronomy &
Astrophysics 464, 837, 2007. in2p3-00110761
[ACL094] Zhao, G.-B. ; Xia, J.-Q. ; Li, H. ; Tao, C. ; Virey, J.-M. ; et al. Probing for Dynamics of Dark Energy and
Curvature of Universe with Latest Cosmological Observations. Physics Letters B 648, 8, 2007. hal-00166922
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[ACL095] Buzzi, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; Colafrancesco, S. A Null Test of the Metric Nature of the Cosmic Acceleration.
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 11, 1, 2008. hal-00289665
[ACL096] Caputi, K. I. ; [Zcosmos] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Optical Spectra of 24 Micron Galaxies in the Cosmos Field. I :
Spitzer MIPS Bright Sources in the zCOSMOS-Bright 10k Catalog. Astrophysical Journal 680, 939, 2008. hal00288465
[ACL097] Garilli, B. ; Le Fèvre, O. ; Guzzo, L. ; Maccagni, D. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. The VIMOS VLT Deep
Survey : Global Properties of 20000 Galaxies in the I_AB<=22.5 WIDE Survey. Astronomy & Astrophysics 486, 683,
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[ACL098] Guzzo, L. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). A Test of the Nature of Cosmic Acceleration Using Galaxy Redshift
Distortions. Nature 451, 541, 2008. hal-00263619
[ACL099] Lamareille, F. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Physical Properties of Galaxies and their Evolution in the VIMOS
VLT Deep Survey. I : The Evolution of the Mass-Metallicity Relation up to z~0.9. Astronomy & Astrophysics 495, 53,
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[ACL100] Linden, S. ; Virey, J.-M. Testing the CPL-Parametrization for Rapid Dark Energy Equation of State
Transitions. Physical Review D 78, 023526, 2008. hal-00284926
[ACL101] Marinoni, C. ; Taxil, P. ; Virey, J.-M. ; Saintonge, A. ; Giovannelli, R. ; et al;. Geometrical Tests of
Cosmological Models - I. Probing Dark Energy Using the Kinematics of High Redshift Galaxies. Astronomy & Astrophysics
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[ACL102] Marinoni, C. ; Saintonge, A. ; Contini, T. ; Virey J. M. ; Taxil, P. ; et al. Geometrical Tests of Cosmological
Models - III. The Cosmology-Evolution Diagram at z=1. Astronomy & Astrophysics 478, 71, 2008. hal-00187152
[ACL103] Marinoni, C. ; [VVDS] ; (Virey, J.-M.) ; (Taxil, P.). The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : Testing the
Gravitational Instability Paradigm at z~1. Astronomy & Astrophysics 487, 7, 2008. hal-00263630
[ACL104] Marinoni, C. ; Gavignaud, I. ; Wisotzki, L. ; Bongiornos, A. ; et al. Eddington Ratios of Faint AGN at
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[ACL105] Meneux, B. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST-VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) - The Dependence of
Clustering on Galaxy Stellar Mass at z Similar to 1. Astronomy & Astrophysics 299, 478, 2008. hal-00176070
[ACL106] Mignoli, M. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS Redshift Survey : the Three-Dimensional
Classification Cube and Bimodality in Galaxy Physical Properties. Astronomy & Astrophysics 493, 39, 2008. hal00391212
[ACL107] Perez Montero, E. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Physical Properties of Galaxies and their Evolution in the
VIMOS VLT Deep Survey. II. Extending the Mass-Metallicity Relation to the Range z=0.89-1.24. Astronomy &
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[ACL108] Saintonge, A. ; Masters, K. L. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. Geometrical Tests of Cosmological Models - II.
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[ACL109] Silverman, J. D. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Environments of Active Galactic Nuclei within the
zCOSMOS Density Field. Astrophysical Journal 695, 171, 2008. hal-00391671
[ACL110] Temporin, S. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey : the K-Band Follow-up in the
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[ACL111] Vergani, D. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey. Tracing the Galaxy Stellar Mass
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[ACL112] Virey, J.-M. ; Talon, D. ; Ealet, A. ; Taxil, P. ; Tilquin, A. On the Determination of Curvature and Dynamical
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[ACL113] Walcher, C. J. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VVDS-SWIRE-GALEX-CFHTLS Surveys : Physical
Properties of Galaxies at z Below 1.2 from Photometric Data. Astronomy & Astrophysics 491, 713, 2008. hal-00325520
[ACL114] Bardelli, S. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VVDS-VLA deep field. IV. Radio-optical properties.
Astronomy & Astrophysics 495, 431, 2009. hal-00391638
[ACL115] Caputi, K. I. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Optical Spectra of 24 Micron Galaxies in the Cosmic
Evolution Survey Field II. Faint Infrared Sources in the zCOSMOS-Bright 10k Catalog. Astrophysical Journal 707, 1387,
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[ACL116] Caputi, K. I. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Close Environment of 24 Micron Galaxies at 06/z/1.0 in
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[ACL117] de Ravel, L. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey : Evolution of the Major Merger
Rate Since z 1 from Spectroscopicaly Confirmed Galaxy Pairs. Astronomy & Astrophysics 498, 379, 2009. hal-00325532
[ACL118] Gilli, R. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Spatial Clustering of X-Ray Selected AGN in the XMMCOSMOS Field. Astronomy & Astrophysics 494, 33, 2009. hal-00391224
[ACL119] Knobel, C. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). An Optical Group Catalog to z = 1 from the zCOSMOS 10 k
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[ACL120] Kovac, C. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Density Field of the 10k zCOSMOS Galaxies.
Astrophysical Journal 708, 505, 2009. hal-00374294
[ACL121] Lilly, S. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS 10k-Bright Spectroscopic Sample. The Bimodality in
the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function : Exploring its Evolution with Redshift. Astrophysical Journal 184, 218, 2009. hal00421833
[ACL122] Linden, S. ; Virey, J.-M. ; Tilquin, A. Cosmological Parameter Extraction and Biases from Type Ia Supernova
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[ACL123] Maier, C. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Dependence of Star Formation Activity on Stellar Mass Surface
Density and Sersic Index in zCOSMOS Galaxies at 0.5<z<0.9 Compared with SDSS Galaxies at 0.004<z<0.08.
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[ACL124] Meneux, B. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS Survey. The Dependence of Clustering on
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137
[ACL125] Scodeggio, M. ; [VVDS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The Vimos VLT Deep Survey : Stellar Mass Segregation and
Large-Scale Galaxy Environment in the Redshift Range 0.2/z/1.4. Astronomy & Astrophysics 501, 21, 2009. hal00374307
[ACL126] Silverman, J. D. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Ongoing and Co-Evolving Star Formation in zCOSMOS
Galaxies Hosting Active Galactic Nuclei. Astrophysical Journal 696, 396, 2009. hal-00391677
[ACL127] Tasca, L. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS Redshift Survey : the Role of Environment and
Stellar Mass in Shaping the Rise of Morphology-Density Relation from z~1. Astronomy & Astrophysics 503, 379, 2009.
hal-00402200
[ACL128] Zucca, E. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS Survey : the Role of the Environment in the
Evolution of the Luminosity Function of Different Galaxy Types. Astronomy & Astrophysics 508, 1217, 2009. hal00421829
[ACL129] Iovino, A. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS Redshift Survey : How Group Environment Alters
Global Downsizing Trends. Astronomy & Astrophysics 509, 40, 2010. hal-00421832
[ACL130] Vergani, D. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). K+a galaxies in the zCOSMOS survey Physical properties of
systems in their post-starburst phase. Astronomy & Astrophysics 509, 42, 2010. hal-00421831
E4 - Quantum Gravity
[ACL131] Bianchi, E. ; Modesto, L. ; Rovelli, C. ; Speziale, S. Graviton Propagator in Loop Quantum Gravity.
Classical and Quantum Gravity 23, 6989, 2006. hal-00022541
[ACL132] Mattei, F. ; Rovelli, C. ; Speziale, S. ; Testa, M. From 3-Geometry Transition Amplitudes to Graviton States.
Nuclear Physics B 739, 234, 2006. hal-00007745
[ACL133] Modesto, L. Loop Quantum black hole. Classical and Quantum Gravity 23, 5587, 2006. hal-00479682
[ACL134] Perez, A. ; Sahlmann, H. ; Sudarsky, D. On the Quantum Origin of the Seeds of Cosmic Structure. Classical
and Quantum Gravity 23, 2317, 2006. hal-00133309
[ACL135] Perez, A. Loop Quantum Gravity. Europhysicsnews 37, 2006. hal-00421883
[ACL136] Perez, A. Regularization Ambiguities in Loop Quantum Gravity. Physical Review D 73, 44007, 2006. hal00133308
[ACL137] Perez, A. ; Rovelli, C. Physical Effects of the Immirzi Parameter in Loop Quantum Gravity. Physical Review D
73, 044103, 2006. hal-00004951
[ACL138] Rovelli, C. ; Speziale, S. A Semiclassical Tetrahedron. Classical and Quantum Gravity 23, 5861, 2006. hal00133319
[ACL139] Rovelli, C. Graviton Propagator from Background-Independent Quantum Gravity. Physical Review Letters 97,
151301, 2006. hal-00008395
[ACL140] Alesci, E. ; Rovelli, C. The Complete LQG Propagator : I. Difficulties with the Barrett-Crane Vertex. Physical
Review D 76, 104012, 2007. hal-00166827
138
[ACL141] Baez, J. C. ; Perez, A. Quantization of Strings and Branes Coupled to BF Theory. Advances in Theoretical
[ACL142] Engle, J. Relating Loop Quantum Cosmology to Loop Gravity : Symmetric Sectors and Embeddings. Classical and
Quantum Gravity 24, 5777, 2007. hal-00176052
[ACL143] Engle, J. ; Pereira, R. ; Rovelli, R. The Loop-Quantum-Gravity Vertex-Amplitude. Physical Review Letters
99, 161301, 2007. hal-00166829
[ACL144] Fairbairn, W. Fermions in Three-Dimensional Spinfoam Quantum Gravity. General Relativity and
Gravitation 39, 427, 2007. hal-00092854
[ACL145] Fatibene L. ; Francaviglia, M. ; Rovelli, C. On a Covariant Formulation of the Barbero-Immirzi Connection.
Classical and Quantum Gravity 24, R395, 2007. hal-00166828
[ACL146] Fatibene, L. ; M. Francaviglia ; Rovelli, C. Spacetime Lagrangian Formulation of Barbero-Immirzi Gravity.
[ACL147] Hellmann, L. ; Mondragon, M. ; Perez, A. ; Rovelli, C. Multiple-Event Probability in General-Relativistic
Quantum Mechanics. Physical Review D 75, 084033, 2007. hal-00166833
[ACL148] Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. ; Rovelli, C. Compatibility of Radial, Lorenz and Harmonic Gauges. Physical
Review D 76, 084012, 2007. hal-00166831
[ACL149] Mondragon, M. ; Perez, A. ; Rovelli, C. Multiple-Event Probability in General-Relativistic Quantum Mechanics
: a Discrete Model. Physical Review D 76, 064005, 2007. hal-00166830
[ACL150] Rovelli, C. The Structural Foundations of Quantum Gravity. Classical and Quantum Gravity 24, 4539,
2007. hal-00167619
[ACL151] Rovelli, C. ; Speziale, S. On the Perturbative Expansion of a Quantum Field Theory Around a Topological Sector.
General Relativity and Gravitation 39, 167, 2007. hal-00008394
[ACL152] Rovelli, C. Quantum Gravity - Beyond the Screen of Time. Nature Physics 3, 520, 2007. hal-00264306
[ACL153] Smerlak, M. ; Rovelli, C. Relational EPR. Foundations of Physics 37, 427, 2007. hal-00022537
[ACL154] Valentini, M. Astrophysical and Cosmological Tests of Quantum Theory. Journal of Physics A 40, 3285, 2007.
hal-00176085
[ACL155] Alesci, E. Tensorial Structure of the LQG Graviton Propagator. International Journal of Modern Physics A
23, 1209, 2008. hal-00350217
[ACL156] Alesci, E. ; Rovelli, C. Complete LQG Propagator II : Asymptotic Behavior of the Vertex. Physical Review D
77, 044024, 2008. hal-00284891
[ACL157] Alesci, E. ; Noui, K. ; Sardelli, F. Spin-Foam Models and the Physical Scalar Product. Physical Review D 78,
104009, 2008. hal-00350214
139
[ACL158] Ashtekar, A. ; Engle, J. ; Sloan, D. Asymptotics and Hamiltonians in a First Order Formalism. Classical and
[ACL159] Bianchi, E. ; Modesto, L. The Perturbative Regge-Calculus Regime of Loop Quantum Gravity. Nuclear Physics
B 796, 581, 2008. hal-00350237
[ACL160] Bonzom, V. ; Livine, E. R. ; Smerlak, M. ; Speziale, S. Towards the Graviton from Spinfoams : the Complete
Perturbative Expansion of the 3d Toy Model. Nuclear Physics B 804, 507, 2008. hal-00284892
[ACL161] Engle, J. ; Pereira, R. Coherent States, Constraint Classes, and Area Operators in the New Spin-Foam Models.
[ACL162] Engle, J. ; Livine, E. R. ; Pereira, R. ; Rovelli, C. LQG Vertex with Finite Immirzi Parameter. Nuclear
Physics B 799, 136, 2008. hal-00263606
[ACL163] Engle, J. ; Pereira, R. ; Rovelli, C. Flipped Spinfoam Vertex and Loop Gravity. Nuclear Physics B 798, 251,
2008. hal-00166826
[ACL164] Fairbairn, W. ; Perez, A. Extended Matter Coupled to BF Theory. Physical Review D 78, 2008. hal00175142
[ACL165] Jimenez Rezende, D. ; A. Perez. The Theta Parameter in Loop Quantum Gravity : Effects on Quantum
Geometry and Black Hole Entropy. Physical Review D 78, 084025, 2008. hal-00350368
[ACL166] Kowalski-Glikman, J. ; Starodubtsev, A. Effective Particle Kinematics from Quantum Gravity. Physical
Review D 78, 084039, 2008. hal-00350381
[ACL167] Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. ; Rovelli, C. Numerical Indicatins of the Semiclassical Limit of the Flipped Vertex.
[ACL168] Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. Comparing LQG with the Linearized Theory. International Journal of Modern
Physics A 23, 1200, 2008. hal-00374892
[ACL1169] Marciano, A. On the Emergence of Non Locality for Quantum Fields Enjoying Kappa-Poincaré Symmetries.
Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering 1-33, 365, 2008. hal-00374897
[ACL170] Montesinos, M. ; Perez, A. Two-Dimensional Topological Field Theories Coupled to Four-Dimensional BF
Theory. Physical Review D 77, 104020, 2008. hal-00326473
[ACL171] Pereira, R. Lorentzian Loop Quantum Gravity Vertex Amplitude. Classical and Quantum Gravity 25,
085013, 2008. hal-00284929
[ACL172] Perini, C. Noncommutative Geometries : an Overview. International Journal of Modern Physics A 23, 1253,
2008. hal-00471467
[ACL173] Rovelli, C. ; Vidotto, F. Stepping out of Homogeneity in Loop Quantum Cosmology. Classical and Quantum
Gravity 25, 225024, 2008. hal-00284932
[ACL174] Rovelli, C. Loop Quantum Gravity. Living Rev. Rel. 11, 2008. hal-00362066
140
[ACL175] Alesci, E. ; Bianchi, E. ; Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. Intertwiner Dynamics in the Flipped Vertex. Classical and
[ACL176] Alesci, E. ; Bianchi, E. ; Rovelli, C. LQG Propagator : III. The New Vertex. Classical and Quantum
Gravity 26, 215001, 2009. hal-00362079
[ACL177] Battisti, M. V. ; Belvedere, R. ; Montani, G. Semiclassical Suppression of Weak Anisotropies of a Generic
Universe. Europhysics Letters 86, 69001, 2009. hal-00402058
[ACL178] Bianchi, E. The Length Operator in Loop Quantum Gravity. Nuclear Physics B 807, 591, 2009. hal00326467
[ACL179] Bianchi, E. ; Satz, A. Semiclassical Regime of Regge Calculus and Spin Foams. Nuclear Physics B 808, 546,
2009. hal-00326465
[ACL180] Bianchi, E. ; Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. LQG Propagator from the New Spin Foams. Nuclear Physics B 22,
245, 2009. hal-00402065
[ACL181] Bojowald, M. ; Perez, A. Spin Foam Quantization and Anomalies. General Relativity and Gravitation 42,
877, 2009. hal-00470096
[ACL182] Bonzom, V. Spin Foam Models for Quantum Gravity from Lattices Path Integrals. Physical Review D 80,
064028, 2009. hal-00421827
[ACL183] Bonzom, V. From Lattice BF Gauge Theory to Area-Angle Regge Calculus. Classical and Quantum Gravity
26, 155020, 2009. hal-00421826
[ACL184] Bonzom, V. ; Livine, E. R. A Lagrangian Approach to the Barrett-Crane Spin Foam Model. Physical Review
D 79, 064034, 2009. hal-00421895
[ACL185] Christensen, JD ; Livine, E. R. ; Speziale, S. Numerical Evidence of Regularized Correlations in Spin Foam
Gravity. Physics Letters B 607, 403, 2009. hal-00470556
[ACL186] Colosi, D. ; Rovelli, C. What is a Particle ? Classical and Quantum Gravity 26, 025002, 2009. hal00004787
[ACL187] Constantinidis, C.P. ; Piguet, O. ; Perez, A. Quantization of the Jackiw-Teitelboim Model. Physical Review
D 79, 084007, 2009. hal-00350268
[ACL188] Engle, J. ; Pereira, R. Regularization and Finiteness of the Lorentzian LQG Vertices. Physical Review D 79,
084034, 2009. hal-00326471
[ACL189] Ishibashi, A. ; Speziale, S. Spherically Symmetric Black Holes in Minimally Modified Self-Dual Gravity.
[ACL190] Jimenez Rezende, D. ; Perez, A. Lorentzian Holst Action with Topological Terms. Physical Review D 79,
064026, 2009. hal-00363612
[ACL191] Krasnov, K. ; Rovelli, C. Black Holes in Full Quantum Gravity. Classical and Quantum Gravity 26,
245009, 2009. hal-00390459
141
[ACL192] Magnen, J. ; Noui, K. ; Rivasseau, V. ; Smerlak, M. Scaling Behaviour of the Three Dimensional Group Field
Theory. Classical and Quantum Gravity 26, 185012, 2009. hal-00400149
[ACL193] Mamone, D. ; Rovelli, C. Second-Order Amplitudes in Loop Quantum Gravity. Classical and Quantum
Gravity 26, 245013, 2009. hal-00385712
[ACL194] Noui, K. ; Perez, A. ; Vandersloot, K. Cosmological Plebanski Theory. General Relativity and Gravitation
41, 2597-2618, 2009. hal-00421875
[ACL195] Perini, C. ; Rovelli, C. ; Speziale, S. Self-Energy and Vertex Radiative Corrections in LQG. Physics Letters
B 682, 7884, 2009. hal-00350516
[ACL196] Speziale, S. Background-Free Propagation in Loop Quantum Gravity. Advances in Science Letters 2, 280,
2009. hal-00350518
[ACL197] Battisti, M. V. ; Marciano, A. ; Rovelli, C. Triangulated Loop Quantum Cosmology : Bianchi IX and
Inhomogeneous Perturbations. Physical Review D 81, 064019, 2010. hal-00432290
[ACL198] Rovelli, C. ; Vidotto, F. Single Particle in Quantum Gravity and BGS Entropy of a Spin Network. Physical
Review D 81, 044038, 2010. hal-00385768
E5 - Statistical Physics
[ACL199] A.C.D. van Enter ; Romano, S. ; Zagrebnov, V. First-Order Transitions for some Generalized XY Models.
Journal of Physics A 39, L439, 2006. ccsd-00023400
[ACL200] Blanchard, P. ; Dobrovolny, C. ; Gandolfo, D. ; Ruiz, J. On the Mean Euler Characteristic and Mean Betti's
Numbers of the Ising Model With Arbitrary Spin. Journal of Statistical Mechanics - Theory and Experiment. Art,
2006, 3011, 2006. hal-00016966
[ACL201] Georgii, H.-O. ; Miracle-Sole, S. ; Ruiz, J. ; Zagrebnov, V.. Mean-Field Theory of the Potts Gas. Journal of
Physics A : Mathematical and General 39, 9045, 2006. hal-00138009
[ACL202] Messager, A. ; Nachtergaele, M. A Model with Simultaneous First and Second Order Phase Transitions.
Journal of Statistical Physics 122, 1, 2006. hal-00133307
[ACL203] Vladimirov, A. ; Rybko, A. N. ; Shlosman, S. Self-Averaging Property of Queuing Systems. Problems of
Information Transmission 42, 344, 2006. hal-00399966
[ACL204] A.C.D. van Enter ; Shlosman, S. First-Order Transitions for Very Nonlinear Sigma Models. John Lewis
memorial volume Markov Processes and Related Fields 13, 239, 2007. hal-0048030
[ACL205] Gandolfo, D. ; Laanait, L. ; Miracle-Sole, S. ; Ruiz, J. A Lattice Model for the Line Tension of a Sessile
Drop. Journal of Statistical Physics 126, 133, 2007. hal-00017222
[ACL206] Gandolfo, D. ; Ruiz, J. ; Ueltschi, D. ; On a Model of Random Cycles. Journal of Statistical Physics 129,
663,2007
[ACL207] Leopold, E. Perturbed Recurrence Relations II : The General Case. Numerical Algorithms 44, 347, 2007.
142
[ACL208] Shlosman, S. ; Y. Vignaud. Dobrushin Interfaces via Reflection Positivity. Communications in Mathematical
Physics 276, 827, 2007. hal-00176075
[ACL209] Blanchard, P. ; Gandolfo, D. ; Ruiz, J. ; Wouts, M. Thermodynamics Versus Topological Phase Transitions :
Cusp in the Kertèsz Line. European Physics Letters 82, 50003, 2008. hal-00263693
[ACL210] Blanchard, P. ; Gandolfo, D. ; Laanait, L. ; Ruiz, J. ; Satz, H. On the Kertèsz Line : Thermodynamic Versus
Geometric Criticality. Journal of Physics A 41, 085001, 2008. hal-00186092
[ACL211] Leopold, E. Perturbed Recurrence Relations III : The General Case : Some New Applications. Numerical
Algorithms 48, 383, 2008. hal-00374561
[ACL212] Radicchi, F. ; Ramasco, J. J. ; Barrat, A. ; Fortunato, S. Complex Networks Renormalization : Flows and
Fixed Points. Physical Review Letters 101, 148701, 2008. hal-00267300
[ACL213] Ruiz, J. ; Wouts, M. On the Kertèsz Line : Some Rigorous Bounds. Journal of Mathematical Physics 49,
053303, 2008. hal-00254740
[ACL214] Rybko, A. ; Shlosman, S. Phase Transitions in the Queuing Networks and the Violation of the Poisson
Hypothesis. Mosc. Math. Journal 8, 159, 2008. hal-00374564
[ACL215] Rybko, A. N. ; Shlosman, S. ; Vladimirov, A. Spontaneous Resonances and the Coherent States of the Queuing
Networks. Journal of Statistical Physics 134, 67, 2008.
[ACL216] Zagrebnov, V. Quasi-Sectorial Contractions. Journal of Fonctional Analysis 254, 2503, 2008. hal00184941
[ACL217] Balcan, D. ; Hu, H. ; Goncalves, B. ; Bajardi, P. ; Poletto, C. ; et al. Seasonal Transmission Potential and
Activity Peaks of the New Influenza A(H1N1) : a Monte Carlo Likelihood Analysis Based on Human Mobility. BMC
Medicine 7, 45, 2009. hal-00421835
[ACL218] Baronchelli, A. ; Barrat, A. ; Pastor-Satorras, R. Glass Transition and Random Walks on Complex Energy
Landscapes. Physical Review E 80, 020102, 2009. hal-00380503
[ACL219] Cattuto, C. ; Barrat, A. ; Baldassarri, A. ; Schehr, G. ; Loreto, V. Collective Dynamics of Social Annotations.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106, 10511, 2009. hal-00361199
[ACL220] Gautreau, A. ; Barrat, A. ; Barthelemy, M. Microdynamics in Stationary Complex Networks. Proc. Natl.
Acad. Sci. 106, 8847, 2009. hal-00337925
[ACL221] Radicchi, F. ; Barrat, A. ; Fortunato, S. ; Ramasco, J. J. Renormalization Flows in Complex Networks.
Physical Review E 79, 026104, 2009. hal-00339546
[ACL222] Borodin, A. ; Shlosman, S. Gibbs Ensembles of Nonintersecting Paths. Communications in Mathematical
Physics 293, 145, 2010. hal-00284893
[ACL223] Gandolfo, D. ; Ruiz, J. ; Wouts, M. Limit Theorems and Coexistence Probabilities for the Curie-Weiss Potts
Model with an External Field. Stochastic Processes and Applications 102, 84, 2010. hal-00337737
143
[ACL224] Stehlé, J. ; Barrat, A. ; Bianconi, G. Dynamical and Bursty Interactions in Social Networks. Physical Review
E p. 035101, vol. 81, 2010. hal-00459994
E6 - Nanophysics
[ACL225] Bayandin, K. V. ; Lesovik, G. B. ; Martin, T. Energy Entanglement in Normal Metal-Superconducting Forks.
Physical Review B 74, 085326, 2006. hal-00102472
[ACL226] Benjamin, C. Crossed Andreev Reflection as a Probe for the Pairing Symmetry of Ferromagnetic Superconductors.
[ACL227] Creux, M. ; Crépieux, A. ; Martin, T. Finite-Frequency Noise Cross Correlations of a Mesoscopic Circuit : A
Measurement Method Using a Resonant Circuit. Physical Review B 74, 115323, 2006. hal-00007730
[ACL228] Nguyen, T. K. T. ; Crépieux, A. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Nguyen, A. V. ; Levinson, Y. ; Martin, T. Quantum
dot Dephasing by Fractional Quantum Hall Edge States. Physical Review B 74, 153303, 2006. ccsd-00079042
[ACL229] Zazunov, A. ; Egger, R. ; Mora, C. ; Martin, T. Superconducting Transport Through a Vibrating Molecule.
[ACL230] Zazunov, A. ; Feinberg, D. ; Martin, T. Phonon-Mediated Negative Differential Conductance in Molecular
Quantum Dots. Physical Review B 73, 115405, 2006. hal-00009455
[ACL231] Zazunov, A. ; Feinberg, D. ; Martin, T. Phonon Squeezing in a Superconducting Molecular Transistor.
Physical Review Letters 97, 196801, 2006. ccsd-0080934
[ACL232] Benjamin, C. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Martin, T. ; Zazunov, A. Controllable Junction in a Josephson Quantum-Dot
Device with Molecular Spin. European Physical Journal B 57, 279, 2007. ccsd-00068625
[ACL233] Dell'Anna, L. ; Zazunov, A. ; Egger, R. ; Martin, T. Josephson Current Through a Quantum Dot with SpinOrbit Coupling. Physical Review B 75, 085305, 2007. ccsd-00102465
[ACL234] Guigou, M. ; Poppoff, A. ; Martin, T. ; Crépieux, A. Finite Size Effects, Super and Sub Poissonian Noise in
a Nanotube Connected to Leads. Physical Review B 76, 045104, 2007. hal-00115892
[ACL235] Imura, K.-I. ; Utsumi, Y. ; Martin, T. Full Counting Statistics for Transport Through a Molecular Quantum dot
Magnet. Physical Review B 75, 205341, 2007. hal-00118391
[ACL236] Imura, K.-I. ; Y. Utsumi ; T. Martin. Full Counting Statistics for Transport Through a Molecular Quantum dot
Magnet. Physica E 40, 375, 2007. hal-00118391
[ACL237] Jones, P. H. ; Goonasekera, M. ; Meacher, D. R. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Monteiro, T. S. Directed Motion for
Delta-Kicked Atoms with Broken Symmetries : Comparison between Theory and Experiment. Physical Review Letters 98,
073002, 2007. hal-00141796
[ACL238] Nguyen, T. K. T. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Crépieux, A. ; Nguyen, A. V. ; Martin, T. Photo-Assisted Andreev
Reflection as a Probe of Quantum Noise. Physical Review B 76, 035421, 2007. hal-00019163
[ACL239] Streda, P. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Kucera, J. Hall Current and Electron Polarizability of a Two-Dimensional
Electron Gas Subjected to Weak Superlattice Potentials. Physical Review B 76, 085310, 2007. hal-00180982
144
[ACL240] Zazunov, A. ; Martin, T. Transport Through a Molecular Quantum dot in the Polaron Crossover Regime.
[ACL241] Zazunov, A. ; Creux, M. ; Paladino, E. ; Crépieux, A. ; Martin, T. Defection of Finite Frequency Current
Moments with a Dissipative Resonant Circuit. Physical Review Letters 99, 066601, 2007. hal-00130211
[ACL242] Devillard, P. ; Gasparian, V. ; Martin, T. Charge Pumping and Noise in a One-Dimensional Wire with Weak
Electron-Electron Interactions. Physical Review B 78, 085130, 2008. hal-00198739
[ACL243] Jonckheere, T. ; Imura, K.-I. ; Martin, T. Colossal Spin Fluctuations in a Molecular Quantum Dot Magnet
with Ferromagnetic Electrodes. Physical Review B 78, 045316, 2008. hal-00266030
[ACL244] Lee, M. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Martin, T. Josephson Effect Through a Magnetic Molecule. Physical Review
Letters 101, 146804, 2008. hal-00276921
[ACL245] Mélin, R. ; Benjamin, C. ; Martin, T. Positive Cross Correlations of Noise in Superconducting Hybrid Structures
: Roles of Interfaces and Interactions. Physical Review B 77, 094512, 2008. hal-00285068
[ACL246] Safi, I. ; Bena, C. ; Crépieux, A. The AC Conductance and Non-Symmetrized Noise at Finite Frequency in
Quantum Wires and Carbon Nanotubes. Physical Review B 78, 205422, 2008. hal-00282090
[ACL247] Streda, P. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Martin, T. Electron Polarizability of Crystalline Solids in Quantizing Magnetic
Fields and Topological Gap Numbers. Physical Review Letters 100, 146804, 2008. hal-00184637
[ACL248] Guigou, M. ; Martin, T. ; Crépieux, A. Screening of a Luttinger Liquid Wire by a Scanning Tunneling
Microscope Tip. I : Spectral Properties. Physical Review B 80, 045420, 2009. hal-00378708
[ACL249] Guigou, M. ; Martin, T. ; Crépieux, A. Screening of a Luttinger Liquid Wire by a Scanning Tunneling
Microscope Tip. II : Transport Properties. Physical Review B 80, 045421, 2009. hal-00387075
[ACL250] Jonckheere, T. ; Zazunov, A. ; Bayandin, K. ; Shumeiko, V. ; Martin, T. Non-Equilibrium Supercurrent
Through a Quantum Dot : Current Harmonics and Proximity Effect Due to a Normal-Metal Lead. Physical Review B 80,
184510, 2009. hal-00409391
[ACL251] Rech, J. ; Micklitz, T. ; Matveev, K. A. Conductance of Fully Equilibrated Quantum Wires. Physical Review
Letters 102, 116402, 2009. hal-00476946
[ACL252] Streda, P. ; Jonckheere, T. Weak-Field Hall Effect and Static Polarizability of Bloch Electrons. Physical
Review B 79, 115115, 2009. hal-00340317
[ACL253] Zazunov, A. ; Egger, R. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Martin, T. Anomalous Josephson Current Through a Spin-Orbit
Coupled Quantum Dot. Physical Review Letters 103, 147004, 2009. hal-00419672
[ACL254] Hamamoto, Y. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Kato, T. ; Martin, T. Dynamic Response of a Mesoscopic Capacitor in the
Presence of Strong Electron Interactions. Physical Review B 81, 153305, 2010. hal-00434358
[ACL255] Jonckheere, T. ; Japaridze, G. ; Martin, T. ; Hayn, R. Transport Through a Band Insulator with Rashba
Spin-Orbit Coupling : Metal-Insulator Transition and Spin-Filtering Effects. Physical Review B 81, 165443, 2010. hal00381501
145
[ACL256] Lee, M. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Martin, T. Josephson Effect Through a Multilevel Dot Near a Singlet-Triplet
Transition. Physical Review B 81, 155114, 2010. hal-00450053
[ACL257] Micklitz, T. ; Rech, J. ; Matveev, K. A. Transport Properties of Partially Equilibrated Quantum Wires.
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[ACL258] Hubert, P. ; Lanneau, E. Veech Groups Without Parabolic Elements. Duke Mathematical Journal 133,
335, 2006.
[ACL259] Haydn, N. ; Lunedei, E. ; Vaienti, S. Averaged Number of Visits. Chaos 17, 033119, 2007. hal-00476241
[ACL260] Liverani, C. ; Marie, P. ; Vaienti, S. Random Classical Fidelity. Journal of Statistical Physics 128, 1079,
2007. hal-00476228
[ACL261] Mantica, G. ; Vaienti, S. The Asymptotic Behaviour of the Fourier Transforms of Orthogonal Polynomials I :
Mellin Transform Techniques. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré 8, 265, 2007. hal-00476268
[ACL262] Abadi, M. ; Vaienti, S. Large Deviations for Short Recurrence. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical
Systems 21, 729, 2008. hal-00294301
[ACL263] Chang, C.-H. ; Krueger, T. ; Schubert, R. ; Troubetzkoy, S. Quantisations of Piecewise Affine Maps on the
Torus and their Quantum Limits. Communications in Mathematical Physics 282, 395, 2008. hal-00142663
[ACL264] Hubert, P. ; Schmoll, M. ; Troubetzkoy, S. Modulars Fibers and Illumination Problems. International
Mathematics Research Notes 2008, RNN011, 2008. hal-00362166
[ACL265] Lanneau, E. Connected Components of the Strata of the Moduli Spaces of Quadratic Differentials. Annales
Scientifiques de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure 41, 1, 2008. hal-00374560
[ACL266] Boissy, C. ; Lanneau, E. Dynamics and Geometry of the Rauzy-Veech Induction for Quadratic Differentials.
Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 29, 767, 2009. hal-00403488
[ACL267] Haydn, N. ; Vaienti, S. The Compound Poisson Distribution and Return Times in Dynamical Systems.
Probability Theory and Related Fields 144, 517, 2009. hal-00285201
[ACL268] Hu, H. ; Vaienti, S. Absolutely Continuous Invariant Measures for Non-Uniformly Expanding Maps. Ergodic
Theory and Dynamical Systems 29, 1185, 2009. hal-00012575
[ACL269] Hubert, P. ; Lanneau, E. ; Möller, M. The Arnoux-Yoccoz Teichmüller Disc. Geometric Functional
Analysis 18, 1988, 2009. hal-00403453
[ACL270] Lanneau, E. ; Thiffeault, J.-L. ; Matz, S. The Cat's Cradle Stirring. Dynamical Systems Magazine, en
ligne, 2009.
[ACL271] Marie, P. ; Turchetti, G. ; Vaienti, S. ; Zanlungo, F. Error Distribution in Randomly Perturbed Orbits.
Chaos 19, 043118, 2009. hal-00476224
146
[ACL272] Troubetzkoy, S. Dual Billiards, Fagnano Orbits and Regular Polygons. American Mathematical Monthly
116, 251, 2009. hal-00139790
[ACL273] Cristadoro, G. ; Haydn, N. ; Marie, P. ; Vaienti, S. Statistical Properties of Intermittent Maps with Unbounded
Derivative. Nonlinearity 5, 23, 2010.
[ACL274] Haydn, N. ; Vaienti, S. The Rényi Entropy Function and the Large Deviation of Short Return Times. Ergodic
Theory and Dynamical Systems 30, 159, 2010. hal-00294306
[ACL275] Lanneau, E. ; Thiffeault, J.-L. On the Minimum Dilatation of Pseudo-Anosov Diffeomorphisms on Surfaces of
Small Genera. Annales de l'Institut Fourier 60, 2010.
[ACL276] Turchetti, G. ; Vaienti, S. ; Zanlungo, F. Relaxation to the Asymptotic Distribution of Global Errors Due to
Round Off. Europhysics Letters 89, 40006, 2010.
E8 - Non Linear Dynamics
[ACL277] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. Reducing or Enhancing Chaos Using Periodic Orbits. Chaos 16,
023104, 2006. hal-00017363
[ACL278] Benzekri, T. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. Chaotic Advection and Targeted Mixing.
Physical Review Letters 96, 124503, 2006. hal-00008127
[ACL279] Chandre, C. ; Vittot, M. ; Ciraolo, G. ; Ghendrih, Ph. ; Lima, R. Control of Stochasticity in Magnetic Field
Lines. Nuclear Fusion 46, 33, 2006. hal-00004707
[ACL280] Ciraolo, G. ; Chandre, C. ; Lima, R. ; Pettini, M. ; Vittot, M. Control of Chaotic Velocity Dispersion of a
Cold Electron Beam Interacting with Electrostatic Waves. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section
A 561, 244, 2006. hal-00088118
[ACL281] Huang, S. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Reducing Multiphoton Ionization in a Linearly Polarized Microwave Field by
Local Control. Physical Review A 74, 053408, 2006. ccsd-00110447
[ACL282] Lan, Y. ; Chandre, C. ; Cvitanovic, P. Newton's Descent Method for the Determination of Invariant Tori.
Physical Review E 74, 046206, 2006. ccsd-00090471
[ACL283] Leoncini, X. ; Agullo, O. ; Muraglia, M. ; Chandre, C. From Chaos of Lines to Lagrangian Structures in
Flux Conservative Fields. European Physical Journal B 53, 351, 2006. ccsd-00019103
[ACL284] Lima, R. ; Ugalde, E. Dynamical Complexity of Discrete-Time Regulatory Networks. Nonlinearity 19, 313,
2006.
[ACL285] Ourrad, O. ; Erochenkova, G. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. Mean Value and Fluctuations in a Model of Diffusion
in Porous Media. Chaos 16, 033128, 2006.
[ACL286] Ourrad, O. ; Erochenkova, G. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. Anomalous Transports Fluctuations in a Model of
Irregular Media. Chaos 16, 043101, 2006.
[ACL287] Shchekinova, E. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Phase Space Structures and Ionization Dynamics of Hydrogen Atom
in Elliptically Polarized Microwaves. Physical Review A 74, 043417, 2006. ccsd-00089791
147
[ACL288] Talby, L. ; Chambost, H. ; Roubaud, M. C. ; N'Guyen, C. ; Milili, M. ; Chiappetta, P. The
Chemosensitivitty to Therapy of Childhood Early B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia could be Determined by the Combined
Expression of CD34, SPI-B and BCR Genes. Leukemia Research 30, 665, 2006.
[ACL289] Bachelard, R. ; Antoniazzi, A. ; Chandre, C. ; Fanelli, D. ; Leoncini, X. ; Vittot, M. Stabilizing the
Intensity of a Wave Amplified by a Beam of Particles. European Physical Journal D 42, 125, 2007. hal-00092803
[ACL290] Bachelard, R. ; Benzekri, T. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; Vittot, M. Targeted Mixing in an Array of
Alternating Vortices. Physical Review E 76, 046217, 2007. hal-00160746
[ACL291] Berglund, N. ; Fernandez, B. ; Gentz, B. Metastability in Interacting Nonlinear Stochastic Differential
Equations I : From Weak Coupling to Synchronisation. Nonlinearity 20, 2551, 2007. hal-00115416
[ACL292] Berglund, N. ; Fernandez, B. ; Gentz, B. Metastability in Interacting Nonlinear Stochastic Differential
Equations II : Large-N Behaviour. Nonlinearity 20, 2583, 2007. hal-00115417
[ACL293] Ciraolo, G. ; Ghendrih, P. ; Sarazin, Y. ; Chandre, C. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. et al. Control of Test Particle
Transport in a Turbulent Electrostatic Model of the Scrape Off Layer. Journal of Nuclear Materials 363, 550, 2007. hal00183859
[ACL294] Huang, S. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. How Periodic Orbit Bifurcations Drive Multiphoton Ionization. Journal of
Physics B 40, F181, 2007. hal-00122275
[ACL295] Macor, A. ; Doveil, F. ; Chandre, C. ; Ciraolo, G. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. Channeling Chaotic Transport in
a Wave-Particle Experiment - Building Barriers in Phase Space. European Physical Journal D 41, 519, 2007. ccsd00089094
[ACL296] Bachelard, R. ; Antoniazzi, A. ; Chandre, C. ; Vittot, M. ; et al. Enhancement of Particle Trapping in a
Wave-Particle Interaction. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 13, 660, 2008. hal00123384
[ACL297] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Fanelli, D. ; Leoncini, X. ; Vittot, M. Stabilizing the Intensity for a
Hamiltonian Model of the FEL. Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A 593, 94, 2008. hal00292542
[ACL298] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Vittot, M. Hamiltonian Description of a Self-Consistent Interaction Between
Charged Particles and Electromagnetic Waves. Physical Review E 78, 036407, 2008. hal-00257249
[ACL299] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Fanelli, D. ; Leoncini, X. ; Ruffo, S. Abundance of Regular Orbits and Out-ofEquilibrium Phase Transitions in the Thermodynamic Limit for Long-Range Systems. Physical Review Letters 101, 260603,
2008. hal-00322931
[ACL300] Chabreyrie, R. ; Vainchtein, D. ; Chandre, C. ; Singh, P. ; Aubry, N. Tailored Mixing Inside a Translating
Droplet. Physical Review E 77, 036314, 2008. hal-00260308
[ACL301] Coutinho, R. ; Fernandez, B. ; Guiraud, P. Symbolic Dynamics of Two Coupled Lorenz Maps : from
Uncoupled Regime to Synchronisation. Physica D 237, 2444, 2008. hal-00160086
148
[ACL302] Fernandez, B. ; Tsimring, L. S. Athermal Dynamics of Strongly Coupled Stochastic Three-State Oscillators.
Physical Review Letter 100, 165705, 2008. hal-00265346
[ACL303] Floriani, E. ; Lima, R. ; Mendes, R. V.. Poisson-Vlasov : Stochastic Representation and Numerical Codes.
European Physical Journal D 46, 295, 2008. hal-00175748
[ACL304] Ghendrih, P. ; Lima, R. ; Mendes, R.. V. Reduction and Approximation in Gyrokinetics. Journal of Physics
A 41, 465501, 2008. hal-00166914
[ACL305] Huang, S. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Bifurcations as Dissociation Mechanism in Bichromatically Driven Diatomic
Molecules. Journal of Chemical Physics 128, 174105, 2008. hal-00259275
[ACL306] Huang, S. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Periodic Orbit Bifurcations as an Ionization Mechanism : the Bichromatically
Driven Hydrogen Atom. Journal of Physics B 41, 035604, 2008. hal-00166868
[ACL307] Leoncini, X. ; Chandre, C. ; Ourrad, O. Ergodicité, collage et transport anomal. Comptes Rendus
Mécanique 336, 530, 2008. hal-00187190
[ACL308] Paskauskas, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Dynamical Bottlenecks to Intramolecular Energy Flow. Physical
Review Letters 100, 083001, 2008. hal-00167919
[ACL309] Volchenkov, D. ; Lima, R. Asymptotic Series in Dynamics of Fluid Flows : Diffusion Versus Bifurcations.
Communication in Nonlinear Science & Numérical Simulation 13, 1329, 2008. hal-00374565
[ACL310] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Ciani, A. ; Fanelli, D. ; Yamaguchi, Y. Y. Analytical Results on the
Magnetization of the Hamiltonian Mean Field Model. Physics Letters A 373, 04239, 2009. hal-00369725
[ACL311] Briolle, F. ; Lima, R. ; Man'ko V. I. ; Mendes, R. V. Tomographic Analysis of Reflectometry Data I :
Component Factorization. Measurement Science Technology 20, 105501, 2009. hal-00350254
[ACL312] Briolle, F. ; Lima, R. ; Mendes, R. V. Tomographic Analysis of Reflectometry Data II : the Phase Derivative.
Measurement Science Technology 20, 105502, 2009. hal-00326271
[ACL313] Chabreyrie, R. ; Vainchtein, D. ; Chandre, C. ; Singh, P. ; Aubry, N. Robustness of Tuned Mixing Within a
Droplet for Digital Microfluidics. Mechanics Research Communications 36, 130, 2009.
[ACL314] Fernandez, B. ; Luna, B. ; Ugalde, E. Spatial Chaos of Traveling Waves has a Given Velocity. Physical
Review E 80, 025203, 2009. hal-00411530
[ACL315] Leoncini, X. ; Van Den Berg, T. ; Fanelli, D. Out of Equilibrium Solutions in the XY-Hamiltonian Mean
Field Model. Europhysics Letters 86, 20002, 2009. hal-00323591
[ACL316] Leoncini, X. ; Neishtadt, A. ; Vasiliev, A. Directed Transport in a Spatially Periodic Potential under Periodic
Non-Biased Forcing. Physical Review E 79, 026213, 2009. hal-00308455
[ACL317] Mauger, F. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Strong Field Double Ionization of H2 : Insights from Nonlinear Dynamics.
Chemical Physics 366, 64, 2009. hal-00395304
[ACL318] Mauger, F. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Strong Field Double Ionization : What is under the "Knee" ?. Journal of
Physics B 42, 165602, 2009. hal-00380518
149
[ACL319] Mauger, F. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Strong Field Double Ionization : the Phase Space Perspective. Physical
Review Letters 102, 173002, 2009. hal-00347513
[ACL320] Paskauskas, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. Bottlenecks to Vibrational Energy Flow in OCS : Structures and
Mechanisms. Journal of Chemical Physics 130, 164105, 2009. hal-00345205
[ACL321] Tassi, E. ; Chandre, C. ; Morrison, P. J. Hamiltonian Derivation of the Charney-Hasegawa-Mima Equation.
Physics of Plasmas 16, 082301, 2009. hal-00395319
[ACL322] Tronko, N. ; Vittot, M. ; Chandre, C. ; Ghendrih, Ph. ; Ciraolo, G. Barriers for the Reduction of Transport
Due to the ExB Drift in Magnetized Plasmas. Journal of Physics A 42, 085501, 2009. hal-00354173
[ACL323] Chabreyrie, R. ; Vainchtein, D. ; Chandre, C. ; Singh, P. ; Aubry, N. Using Resonances to Control Chaotic
Mixing Within a Translating and Rotating Droplet. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation
15, 2124, 2010. hal-00418335
[ACL324] Chandre, C. ; Tassi, E. ; Morrison, P. J. Derivation of Reduced Two-Dimensional Fluid Models Via Dirac's
Theory of Constrained Hamiltonian Systems. Physics of Plasmas 17, 042307, 2010. hal-00450305
[ACL325] Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. Chaos, Complexity and Transport : Theory and Application. Preface.
Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 15, 1, 2010.
[ACL326] Mauger, F. ; Chandre, C. ; Uzer, T. From Recollisions to the Knee : A Road Map for Double Ionization in
Intense Laser Fields. Physical Review Letters 104, 043005, 2010. hal-00433028
[ACL327] Tassi, E. ; Morrison, P. J. ; Grasso, D. ; Pegorado, F. Hamiltonian Four-Field Model for Magnetic
Reconnection : Nonlinear Dynamics and Extension to Three Dimensions with Externally Applied Fields. Nuclear Fusion 50,
034007, 2010. hal-00477014
[ACL328] Van Den Berg, T. ; Fanelli, D. ; Leoncini X. Stationary States and Fractional Dynamics in Systems with Long
Range Interactions. European Physics Letters 89, 50010, 2010. hal-00441021
E9 - Quantum Dynamics and Spectral Analysis
[ACL329] Asch, J. ; Astaburuaga, M. A. ; Briet, P. ; Cortes, V. H. ; Duclos, P. ; Fernandez, B. Sojourn Time for
Rank One Perturbations. Journal of Mathematical Physics 47, 033501, 2006. hal-00478484
[ACL330] Barbaroux, J.-M. ; Helffer, B. ; Siedentop, H. Remarks on the Mittleman Max-Min Variational Method for
the Electron-Positron Field. Journal of Physics A : Mathematical and General 39, 85, 2006.
[ACL331] Benguria, R. ; Brummelhuis, R. ; Duclos, P. ; Perez-Oyarzun, S. ; Vytras, P. Non-Relativistic H-2(+)Molecule in a Strong Magnetic Field. Few-Body Systems 38, 133, 2006.
[ACL332] Benguria, R. ; Brummelhuis, R. ; Duclos, P. ; Perez-Oyarzun, S. ; Vytras, P. Asymptotic Behaviour of the
Equilibrium Nuclear Separation for the H-2(+) Molecule in a Strong Magnetic Field. Journal of Physics A : Mathematical
and General 39, 8451, 2006.
[ACL333] Briet, P. ; Raikov, G. The Integrated Density of States in Strong Magnetic Fields. Journal of Functional
Analysis 237, 540, 2006. hal-00478465
150
[ACL334] Briet, P. ; Cornean, H. ; Louis, D. Diamagnetic Expansions for Perfect Quantum Gases. Journal of
[ACL335] Brummelhuis, R. ; Duclos, P. Effective Hamiltonians for Atoms in Very Strong Magnetic Fields. Journal of
[ACL336] Cornean, H. D. ; Duclos, P. ; Ricaud, B. On Critical Stability of Three Quantum Charges Interacting Through
Delta Potentials. Few-Body Systems 38, 125, 2006. hal-00022107
[ACL337] Combes, J. M. ; Hislop, P. D. ; Klopp, F. An Optimal Wegner Estimate and its Application to the Global
Continuity of the Integrated Density of States for Random Schrodinger Operators. Duke Mathematical Journal 140, 469,
2007. hal-00067800
[ACL338] Cornean H. D. ; Duclos, P. ; Ricaud, B. Effective Models for Excitons in Carbon Nanotubes. Annales de
l'Institut Henri Poincaré 8, 135, 2007. hal-00166910
[ACL339] Cornean, H. D. ; Pedersen ; Ricaud, B. Perturbative VA Variational Methods in the Study of Carbon
Nanotubes. Contemporary Mathematics 447, 45, 2007. hal-00023783
[ACL340] Exner, P. ; Ichibose, T. ; Neidhardt, H. ; Zagrebnov, V. Zeno Product Formula Revisited. Integral
Equations Operator Theory 57, 67, 2007. hal-00133302
[ACL341] Galusinski, C. ; Vigneaux. P. Level-Set Method and Stability Condition for Curvature-Driven Flows. Comptes
rendus mathématiques 344, 703, 2007. hal-001931189
[ACL342] Angelescu, N. ; Minlos, R. ; Ruiz, J. ; Zagrebnov, V. Lower Spectral Branches of a Spin-Boson Model.
Journal of Mathematical Physics 49, 102105, 2008. hal-00143558
[ACL343] Astaburuaga, M. A. ; Briet, P. ; Bruneau, V. ; Fernandez, C. ; Raikov, G. Dynamical Resonances and SSF
Singularities for a Magnetic Schroedinger Operator. Serdica Mathematical Journal 34, 179, 2008. hal-00176069
[ACL344] Barbaroux, J.-M. ; Chen, T. ; Voulgalter, V. ; Vugalter, S. On the Ground State Energy of the Translation
Invariant Pauli-Fierz Model. Proceedings of American Mathematical Society 136, 1057, 2008. hal-00166909
[ACL345] Briet, P. ; Cornean H. D. ; Louis, D. Diamagnetic Expansions for Perfect Quantum Gases II : Uniforms
Bounds. Asymptotic Analysis 59, 109, 2008. hal-00203133
[ACL346] Briet, P. ; Raikov, G. ; Soccorsi, E. Spectral Properties of a Magnetic Quantum Hamiltonian on a Strip.
Asymptotic Analysis 58, 127, 2008. hal-00203133
[ACL347] Duclos, P. ; Exner, P. ; Turek, O. On the Spectrum of a Bent Chain Graph. Journal of Physics A 41,
415206, 2008. hal-00326279
[ACL348] Duclos, P. ; Lev, O. ; Stovicek, P. On the Energy Growth of Some Periodically Driven Quantum Systems with
Shrinking Gaps in the Spectrum. Journal of Statistical Physics 30, 169, 2008. hal-00184770
[ACL349] Duclos, P. ; Soccorsi, E. ; Stovicek, P. ; Vittot, M. On the Stability of Periodically Time-Dependent Quantum
Systems. Reviews in Mathematical Physics 20, 725, 2008. hal-00178280
151
[ACL350] Galusinski, C. ; Saad, M. A Nonlinear Degenerate System Modelling Water-Gas Flows in Porous Media.
Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 9, 280, 2008. hal-00374431
[ACL351] Hislop, P. D. ; Soccorsi, E. Edge Currents for Quantum Hall Systems. I : One-Edge, Unbounded Geometries.
Reviews in Mathematical Physics 20, 71, 2008. hal-00145215
[ACL352] Hislop, P. D. ; Soccorsi, E. Edge Currents for Quantum Hall Systems. II : Two-Edge, Bounded and Unbounded
Geometries. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré 9, 1141, 2008. hal-00145217
[ACL353] Vuillermot, P.-A. ; Wreszinski, W. F. ; Zagrebnov, V. A Trotter-Kato Product Formula for a Class of NonAutonomous Evolution Equations. Nonlinear Analysis 69, 1067, 2008. hal-00374566
[ACL354] Zagrebnov, V. From Laplacian Transport to Dirilichet-to-Neumann (Gibbs) Semigroups. Journal of
[ACL355] Barbaroux, J.-M. ; Guillot, J.-C. Limiting Absorption Principle at Low Energies for a Mathematical Model of
Weak Interaction : the Decay of a Boson. Compte Rendu de l'Académie des Sciences Série Mathématique 347, 17,
2009.
[ACL356] Barbaroux, J.-M. ; Guillot, J.-C. Spectral Theory for a Mathematical Model of the Weak Interactions : the Decay
of the Intermediate Bosons. Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, 2009. hal-00377598
[ACL357] Bony, F. ; Briet, P. ; Bruneau, V. ; Raykov, G. Resonances and SSF Singularities for Magnetic Schrödinger
Operators. CUBO Mathematical Journal, 11, 2009. hal-00384502
[ACL358] Briet, P. ; Kovarik, H. ; Raikov, G. ; Soccorsi, E. Eigenvalue Asymptotic in a Twisted Waveguide.
Communication in Partial Differential Equation 8, 2009. hal-00478491
[ACL359] Briet, P. ; Brummelhuis, R. ; Duclos, P. Adiabatic Spectrum for Relativistic Hydrogen in a Strong
Homogeneous Magnetic Field. Few-Body Systems 49, 2, 2009. hal-00368395
[ACL360] Neighart, H. ; Zagrebnov, V. Linear Non-Automous Cauchy Problems and Evolution Semigroups. Advances
in Differential Equations 14, 289, 2009.
[ACL361] Vuillermot, P.-A. ; Wreszinski, W. F. ; Zagrebnov, V. A General Trotter-Kato Formula for a Class of
Evolution Operators. Journal of Functionnal Analysis 257, 2246, 2009. hal-00419342
[ACL362] Arlinskii, Yu. ; Zagrebnov, V. Numerical Range and Quasi-Sectorial Contractions. Journal of Mathematical
Analysis and Applications 366, 33, 2010. hal-00331492
E10 - Collective Phenomena and Out-of-Equilibrium Systems
[ACL363] Aschbacher, W. ; Barbaroux, J. M. Out of Equilibrium Correlations in the XY Chain. Letters in
[ACL364] Dorlas, T. C. ; Pastur, L. A. ; Zagrebnov, V. Condensation in a Disordered Infinite-Range Hopping BoseHubbard Model. Journal of Statistical Physics 124, 1137, 2006. hal-00021237
[ACL365] Jaeck, T. Comments on the Approximation Hamiltonian Method for Imperfect Boson Gas. Journal of Physics A
: Mathematical and General 39, 9961, 2006.
152
[ACL366] Jaksic, V. ; Ogata, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. The Green-Kubo Formula for the Spin-Fermion System. Communications
in Mathematical Physics 268, 369, 2006. ccsd-00009010
[ACL367] Jaksic, V. ; Ogata, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. The Green-Kubo Formula and the Onsager Reciprocity Relations in
Quantum Statistical Mechanics. Communications in Mathematical Physics 265, 721, 2006. hal-00005386
[ACL368] Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. Linear Response Theory for Thermally Driven Quantum Open Systems.
[ACL369] Martin, P. A. ; Zagrebnov, V. The Casimir Effect for the Bose-Gas in Slabs. Europhysics Letters 73, 15,
2006. hal-001333305
[ACL370] Rebenko, A. L. ; Zagrebnov, V. Gibbs State Uniqueness for Anharmonic Quantum Crystal with a
Nonpolynomila Double-Well Potential. Journal of Statistical Physics, 9002, 2006. hal-00122397
[ACL371] Asch, J. ; Stovicek, P. Dynamics of a Classical Hall System Driven by a Time-Dependent Aharonov-Bohm Flux.
[ACL372] Asch, J. ; Stovicek, P. On the Dynamics Created by a Time-Dependent Aharonov-Bohm Flux. Reports on
[ACL373] Aschbacher, W. ; Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. Transport Properties of Quasi-Free Fermions. Journal
of Mathematical Physics 48, 032101, 2007. ccsd-00109016
[ACL374] Aschbacher, W. ; Barbaroux, J. M. Exponentiel Spatial Decay of Spin-Spin Correlations in Translation
Invariant Quasifree States. Journal of Mathematical Physics 48, 113302, 2007. hal-00377255
[ACL375] Bruneau, L. ; Derezinski, J. Bogoliubov Hamiltonians and One-Parameter Groups of Bogoliubov
Transformations. Journal of Mathematical Physics 48, 022101, 2007. hal-00157714
[ACL376] Combes, J. M. ; Hislop, P. D. ; Klopp, F. Some New Estimates on the Spectral Shift Function Associated with
Random Schrödinger Operators. Probability and Mathematical Physics 42, 85, 2007. hal-00067801
[ACL377] El Bouanani, H. ; Rouleux, M. Vortices and Magnetization in Kac's Model. Journal of Statistical Physics
128, 741, 2007. hal-00023620
[ACL378] Jaksic, V. ; Ogata, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. The Green-Kubo Formula for Locally Interacting Open Fermionic Systems.
Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré 8, 1013, 2007. hal-00090544
[ACL379] Lenoble, O. ; Zagrebnov, V. Bose-Einstein Condensation in the Luttiger-Sy Model. Markov Processes and
Related Fields 13, 441, 2007. hal-00023443
[ACL380] Pule, J. V. ; Zagrebnov, V. Proof of the Variational Principle for a Pair Hamiltonian Boson Model. Reviews in
[ACL381] Zagrebnov, V. Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Random Media. Journal of Physics Studies 11, 108, 2007.
[ACL382] Aguilar, J.-P. ; Berglund, N. The Effect of Classical Noise on a Quantum Two-Level System. Journal of
153
[ACL383] Bru, J.-B. ; Zagrebnov, V. Large Derivations in the Superstable Weakly Imperfect Bose Gas. Journal of
Statistical Physics 133, 370, 2008. hal-00176087
[ACL384] Cornean, H. D. ; Duclos, P. ; Nenciu, G. ; Purice, P. Adiabatically Switched-on Electrical bias in Continuous
Systems, and the Landauer-Buettiker Formula. Journal of Mathematical Physics 49, 102106, 2008. hal-00176020
[ACL385] Pule, J. V. ; Verbeure, A. F. ; Zagrebnov, V. On Solvable Boson Models. Journal of Mathematical Physics
49, 43302, 2008. hal-00374563
[ACL386] Beau, M. Scaling Approach to Existence of Long Cycles in Casimir Boxes. Journal of Physics A 42, 235204,
2009. hal-00332745
[ACL387] Bruneau, L. ; Pillet, C.-A. Thermal Relaxation of a QED Cavity. Journal of Statistical Physics 134, 1071,
2009. hal-00325206
[ACL388] Combes, J. M. ; Germinet, F. ; Klein, A. Generalized Eigenvalue-Counting Estimates for the Anderson Model.
[ACL389] Cornean, H. D. ; Neidhardt, H. ; Zagrebnov, V. The Effect of Time-Dependent Coupling on NonEquilibrium Steady States. Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré 10, 61, 2009. hal-00173968
[ACL390] Jaeck, T. ; Zagrebnov, V. ; Pule, J. V. Bose Condensation in (Random) Traps. Condensed Mathematical
Physics 12, 559, 2009.
[ACL391] Jaeck, T. ; Pule, J. V. ; Zagrebnov, V. On the Nature of Bose-Einstein Condensation in Disordered Systems.
[ACL392] Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. Central Limit Theorem for Locally Interacting Fermi Gas.
[ACL393] Tamura, H. ; Zagrebnov, V. Mean-Field Interacting Boson Random Point Fields in Weak Harmonic Trapps.
[ACL394] Tonchev, N. S. ; Brankov, J. G. ; Zagrebnov, V. Overview of the Superradiant Phase Transition : The Dicke
Model. Journal of Optoelectronics Advances Mathematics 11, 1142, 2009.
[ACL395] Combes, J. M. ; Germinet, F. ; Klein, A. Poisson Statistics for Eigenvalues of Continuum Random Schrödinger
Operators. Analysis and PDE, 2010. hal-00326274
[ACL396] Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. A Quantum Central Limit Theorem for Sums of IID Random Variables.
[ACL397] Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. A Non-Commutative Lévy-Cramér Continuity Theorem. Markov
Processes and Related Fields16, 59, 2010. hal-00423439
Miscellaneous
[ACL398] Fliche, H. H. ; Souriau, J.-M. ; Triay, R. Anisotropic Hubble Expansion of Large Scale Structures. General
Relativity and Gravitation 38, 2006. hal-00004933
154
[ACL399] Gilewicz, J. ; Leopold, E. ; Ruffing, A. ; Valent, G. Some Cubic Birth and Death Processes and their Related
Orthogonal Polynomials. Constructive Approximation 24, 71, 2006. hal-0001457
[ACL400] Gilewicz, J. ; Ko’ovalov, V. N. ; Leviatan, D. Widths and Shape-Preserving Widths of Sobolev-Type Classes of
s-Monotone Functions. Journal of Approximation Theory 140, 101, 2006.
15.2 ACLN : Articles published in peer-reviewed journals not listed by
international data bases
[ACLN001] Bajardi, P. ; Poletto, C. ; Balcan, D. ; Hu, H. ; Goncalves, B. ; et al. Modeling Vaccination Campains and
the Fall/Winter 2009 Activity of the New A(H1N1) Influenza in the Northern Hemisphere. Emerging Health Threats
Journal 2:e11, doi : 10.3134/ehtj, 2009. hal-00474649
[ACLN002] Balcan, D. ; Colizza, V. ; Singer, A. ; Chouaid, C. ; Bajardi, P. ; et al. Modeling the Critical Care Demand
and Antibiotics Resources Needed During the Fall 2009 Wave of Influenza A(H1N1) Pandemic. Version 100. PloS
Currents : Influenza, 2009. hal-00474688
[ACLN003] Colizza, V. ; Vespignani, A. ; Perra, N. ; Poletto, C. ; Bajardi, P. ; et al. Estimate of Novel Influenza
A/H1N1 Cases in Mexico at the Early Stage of the Pandemic with a Spatially Structured Epidemic Model. Version 54. PLoS
Currents : Influenza 11, RRN1129, 2009. hal-00474694
Miscellaneous
[ACLN004] Dzyubenko, G. A. ; J. Gilewicz. Copositive Approximation of Periodic Functions. Acta Mathematica
Hungarica 120, 301, 2008. hal-00374429
[ACLN005] Bernardo, E. Pourquoi des indicateurs de performance pour les services IST de la recherche ? Bulletin des
Bibliothèques de France 55, 14, juin 2010.
15.3 ASCL : Articles published in journals without peer-review
[ASCL001] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; Vittot, M. ; Antoniazzi, A. ; et al. Contrôler l'interaction
onde-particules. Comptes-rendus de la 9ème rencontre Nonlinéaire, Paris, 19, 2006. ccsd-00102386
[ASCL002] Chandre, C. Réduction du chaos hamiltonien. Images de la physique 2006, 54, 2006. hal-00142014
[ASCL003] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre C. ; Leoncini X. ; Fanelli D. Contrôle d'une interaction onde-particule par une ondetest. Comptes-rendu de la 10ème rencontre du Non-Linéaire, 7, 2007. hal-00137289
155
[ASCL004] Bachelard, R. ; Chandre, C. ; Couprie, M.-E. ; Fanelli, D. ; Leoncini, X. ; Ruffo, S. Orbites régulières et
transition de phases hors-d'équilibre dans les systèmes avec interactions à longue portée. Comptes rendus de la 12ème
Rencontre du Non-Linéaire 13, 2009. hal-00452092
15.4 INV : Invited presentations given at an international or national conference
[INV001] Lellouch, . Flavor Physics from Lattice QCD. Invited Plenary Review at Seventh Workshop on
Continuous Advances in QCD (CAQCD 2006), Minneapolis MN, USA, 11-14 May 2006.
[INV002] Rafael, E. de Theoretical Progress in g-2. The Final Euridice Collaboration Meeting, Kazimierz, Poland,
August, 2006.
[INV003] Soffer, J. New Developments in the Statistical Approach of Parton Distributions. 8th Hellenic School on
Elementary Particle Physics (CORFU 2005), Corfu, Greece, 4-26 September 2005. Journal of Physics
Conferences Series 53, 458, 2006. hal-00133322
[INV004] Lellouch, L. Chiral Behavior in Mixed Action Calculations with 2+1 Sea Quark Flavors. Invited Talk at
Domain Wall Fermions at Ten Years, Brookhaven NY, USA, 11-15 March 2007.
[INV005] Charles, J. Status of the CKM Matrix and a Simple New Physics Scenario. 2nd International Workshop on
Theory, Phenomenology and Experiments in Heavy Flavor Physics, Capri, Italy, 16-18 Juin 2008. Nuclear
Physics Proceedings 185, 17, 2008. hal-00327643
[INV006] Lellouch, L. Kaon Physics : a Lattice Perspective. 26th International Symposium of Lattice Field Theory
(Lattice 2008), Williamsburg, Virginia USA, 14-20 July 2008, PoS LATTICE2008:015, 2008. hal-00374191
[INV007] Lellouch, L. Kaon Physics in the Era of Exascale Computing. Invited talk at Scientific Challenges for
Understanding the Quantum Universe and the Role of Computing at Extreme Scale, SLAC (Menlo Park, CA),
USA, 9-11 December 2008.
[INV008] Rafael, E. de Present Status of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment. 14th International Conference in
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD08), Montpellier, France, 7-12 July 2008. Nuclear Physics Proc. Suppl. 186,
211, 2008. hal-00322495
[INV009] Lellouch, L. Nonperturbative QCD from First Principles. Invited Talk at FLAVIAnet Meeting in Honour
of Chris Sachrajda on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday, Southampton UK, 14-15 December 2009.
[INV010] Lellouch, L. News from the Lattice. Invited Plenary Review at 15th International Symposium on
Particles Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2009), DESY (Hamburg) Germany, 6-10 July 2009.
[INV011] Rafael, E. de Theory of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment. International Workshop on Effective Field
Theories : From the Pion to the Upsilon (EFT09), Valencia, Spain, 2-6 February 2009. PoS EFT2009, 050, 2009.
hal-00322495
156
[INV012] Rafael, E. de Present Status of Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moments. From Current Algebra to the
Standard Model and Beyond, Colloquium in Memory of Jan Stern, Paris, France, October 2009.
[INV013] Coquereaux, R. Quantum Groupoids in Conformal Field Theory. International Conference on Quantum
Field Theory, Belorizonte, Brasil, 11 April 2006.
[INV014] Coquereaux, R. Quantum Symmetries of Graphs and Higher Coxeter- Dynkin Systems. 5th International
Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics, CBPF, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 24-28 April 2006
[INV015] Coquereaux, R. Quantum Symmetries of Graphs and Higher Coxeter- Dynkin Systems. Annual Conference of
the Australian Mathematical Society, Macquarie University, Australia, 25-29 September 2006.
[INV016] Duval, C. Geometrical Spinoptics with an Application to the Optical Hall Effect. International Conference on
Noncommutative Geometry and Quantum Physics, Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India, 410 January 2006.
[INV017] Iochum, B. On Spectral Action. In Oberwolfach Workshop : Dirac Operators in Differential and
Noncommutative Geometry 32, 2006. hal-00471209
[INV018] Coquereaux, R. Quantum Groupoids and Module-Categories. Non Commutative Geometry and Physics
Workshop, Université d'Orsay, France, 23-27 avril 2007
[INV019] Coquereaux, R. Grupoidos Cuanticos de Tipo SLn y Categorias de Modulo. 27th Latino Americana
Conferencia de Algebra, Medellin, Colombia, 21-27 July 2007.
[INV020] Duval, C. Spinoptics in Finsler-Cartan Spaces. First French-Spanish Congress of Mathematics, Zaragoza,
Spain, 9-13 July 2007.
[INV021] Duval, C. Spinoptics on Finsler Manifolds. 80 ème rencontre entre physiciens théoriciens et
mathématiciens : Géométrie de Finsler, Mathématiques et Physique, IRMA, Strasbourg, 20-22 septembre 2007.
[INV022] Duval, C. Spinoptics in Finsler-Cartan Spaces. Conference on Geometrical Mechanics, CIRM, Luminy,
Marseille, France, 19-23 novembre 2007.
[INV023] Grimm, R. Is simple Supersymmetry Really Simple ? International Workshop on Non-Commutativity in
Strings, Gravity and Field Theory, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji-Shi, Tokyo, Japan, 16-18 November
2007
[INV024] Coquereaux, R. Fundamental Interactions and Classical or Quantum Geometries. Colloque CRM-ISM de
mathématiques, Université de Montreal, Canada, 5 December 2008
[INV025] Grimm, R. Memorial Conference in Honor of Julius Wess. Max Planck Institute of Physics,
Munchen, Germany, 6-7 December 2008
[INV026] Coquereaux, R. On Fusion Graphs for Lie Groups at Level k. Colloquium on Hopf Algebras, Quantum
Groups and Tensor Categories, La Falba, Cordoba, Argentina, 31 August - 4 September 2009
157
[INV027] Coquereaux, R. Fusion Graphs for Lie Groups at Level k. France Taiwan Workshop on Theoretical
Sciences, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 26
October 2009.
[INV028] Coquereaux, R. Symétries quantiques, modules et graphes de fusion. Rencontre Nationale de Physique
Théorique, Université Mohammed 1er, Oujda, Maroc, 4 décembre 2009
[INV029] Duval, C. Non-Relativistic Conformal Symmetries and Newton-Cartan Structures. Atelier International : NonRelativistic Symmetries : Mathematical Theory and Physical Applications, Tours, France, 23-24 juin 2009.
[INV030] Duval, C. Variations on a Schwarzian Theme. Congrès international en l'honneur de Claude Roger, ICJ,
Lyon, France, 25-28 novembre 2009.
E3 - Cosmology
[INV031] Marinoni, C. ; Pello, R. ; Adami, C. ; et al. The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey (VVDS). 7th Scientific
Meeting of the Spanish-Astronomical-Society (SEA), Barcelona, Spain, 12-15 September 2006.Highlights of
Spanish Astrophysics IV 41, 2007.
[INV032] Ruiz, J. On the Kertèsz Line : Thermodynamic Versus Geometric Phase Transitions. Journées de Probabilités,
La Londe, France, 10-14 september 2007.
[INV033] Shlosman, S. Coherence Phase Transition in the Information Networks. Journées de Probabilités, La Londe,
France 10-14 septembre 2007.
[INV034] Barrat, A. A Statiscal Physicist's Viewpoint. Alignment in Communication, Bielefeld, Allemangne,
December 2008.
[INV035] Ruiz, J. On the Kertèsz Line : Thermodynamic Versus Geometric Phase Transitions. Equilibrium Statistical
Mechanics, CIRM, Marseille, France, 25-29 février 2008.
[INV036] Barrat, A. The Sociopatterns Project. Lakeside Research Days, Klagenfurt, Autriche, 13-17 July 2009.
[INV037] Barrat, A. High Resolution Dynamical Mapping of Social Inteactions with Active RFID. DIME International
Conference on the Formation and the Evolution of Social and Economic Networks, Paris, France, 25-27 juin
2009.
[INV038] Barrat, A. Etude des dynamiques d'interactions sociales par des réseaux de capteurs RFID. Colloque national des
systèmes complexes : vers une science et ingénierie des systèmes complexes, Paris, France, 25-27 novembre
2009.
[INV039] Barrat, A. Etude des dynamiques d'interactions sociales par des réseaux de capteurs RFID. Theoretical Physics
of Biological Systems, IHP, Paris, France, 17-18 décembre 2009.
[INV040] Ruiz, J. Thermodynamics Versus Geometric Phase Transitions. Probabilistics and Analytical Methods in
Mathematical Physics, Tsaghkadzor, Arménie, 7-14 September 2009.
158
[INV041] Ruiz, J. Thermodynamics Versus Geometric Phase Transitions. Mathematics of Phase Transitions : Past,
Present, Future, Warwick, Royaume-Uni, 12-15 November 2009.
E6 - Nanophysics
[INV042] Jonckheere, T. Controllable pi-Junction in a Josephson Quantum Dot Device with Molecular Spin. Nanophysics
-from Fundamental to Applications, Hanoi, Vietnam, 6-10 August 2006.
[INV043] Martin, T. Detection of finite frequency current moments with a dissipative resonant circuit. Fundamental
Problems of Mesoscopic Physics and Nanoelectronics, Mojacar, Espagne, 9-14 September 2007.
[INV044] Jonckheere, T. Colossal Spin Fluctuations in a Molecular Quantum Dot Magnet with Magnetic Electrodes.
Conference Internationale de Moriond, La Thuile, Italie, 8-15 March 2008.
[INV045] Jonckheere, T. Electron Polarizability of Crystalline Solids in Quantizing Magnetic Fields and Topological Gap
Numbers. Réunion plénière du GDR de Physique mésoscopique, Aussois, France, 8-11 décembre 2008.
[INV046] Martin, T. Measuring Current Fluctuations and Hanbury Brown and Twiss Cross Correlations in Nanophysics.
Interaction and Interference in Nanoscopic Transport, Dresden, Allemagne, February 2008.
[INV047] Martin, T. Josephson Effect Through a Magnetic Molecule. Internatonal Conference on Quantum Transport
and Fluctuations at Nanoscale, Montenegro, 01-05 September 2008.
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[INV048] Vaienti, S. On Some Properties of Randomly Perturbed Dynamical Systems. Ergodic Theory - Limit Theorems
and Dimensions, Institut Schrödinger, Vienne, 17-21 December 2007.
[INV049] Vaienti, S. Rényi Entropies and Large Deviations for Short Returns. Chaos and Dynamics in Biological
Networks, Institut d'Etudes Scientifiques de Cargèse, 5-9 mai 2008.
[INV050] Vaienti, S. The Rényi Entropy Function and the Large Deviation of Short Return. Hitting Returning and
Matching in Dynamical Systems, Information Theory and Mathematical Biology, EURANDOM, Eindhoven, 37 November 2008.
[INV051] Vaienti, S. Mixing, Recurrence and Deviations in Smooth Dynamical Systems. Celebrating Valentin
Afraimovich's 65th Birthday, Guanajauto, Mexico, 10-14 May 2010.
15.5 ACTI : Communication in the proceedings of an international conference
[ACTI001] Babich, R. ; Garron, N. ; Hoelbling, C. ; Howard, J. ; Lellouch, L. ; Rebbi, C. Matrix Elements and
Diquark Correlations in Quenched QCD with Overlap Fermions. 24th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory
(Lattice 2006), Tucson, Arizona, 23-28 July 2006. PoS LAT2006:091, 2006. hal-00132420
[ACTI002] Charles, J. Constraints on the CKM Matrix. 4th Flavour Physics and CP Violation Conference (FPCP
2006), Vancouver Canada, 9-12 April 2006. eConf C060409, 2006. hal-00123730
159
[ACTI003] Friot, S. The L-R Correlator and its Chiral Condensates in the MHA and MHA + V' Approximations to
Large-N(c) QCD. 11th International Conference in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD 04), Montpellier, France,
5-9 July 2004. Nuclear Physics Proc. Suppl. 152, 253, 2006. hal-00003302
[ACTI004] Giusti, L. ; Necco, S. Low-Mode Averaging for Baryon Correlation Functions. 23rd International
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2005), Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, 25-30 July 2005. Pos
LAT2005:132, 2006. hal-00009325
[ACTI005] Greynat, D. On the Rare K to pi ell^+ ell^- Decays. 11th International Conference in Quantum
Chromodynamics (QCD 04), Montpellier, France, 5-9 July 2004. Nuclear Physics Proc. Suppl. 152, 269, 2006.
hal-00003301
[ACTI006] Nagai, K.-I. ; Jansen, K. ; Bietenholz, W. ; Scorzato, L. ; Necco, S. ; Shcheredin, S. Testing Topology
Conserving Gauge Actions for Lattice QCD. 11th International Conference in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD 04),
Montpellier, France, 5-9 July 2004. Pos LAT2005:283, 2006. hal-00479974
[ACTI007] Soffer, J. A New Search Strategy for the Higgs Boson. International Conference on QCD and Hadronic
Physics, Beijing, China, 16-20 June 2005. International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, 934, 2006. hal00133325
[ACTI008] Berginc, G. ; Bourrely, C. Theoretical Model for Diffuse Optical Wave Scattering from a Three-Dimensional
Slab Bounded by Randomly Rough Surfaces. 23rd Annual Review of Progress in Applied Computational
Electromagnetics, 2007. hal-00136114
[ACTI009] Dürr, S. ; Fodor, Z. ; Lellouch, L. ; Vulvert, G. ; C. Hoelbling ; et al. Mixed Action Simulations :
Approaching Physical Quark Masses. 25th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Regensburg, Germany,
30 July – 4 August 2007. PoS LAT2007, 113, 2007. hal-00263804
[ACTI010] Dürr, S. ; Fodor, Z. ; Lellouch, L. ; Vulvert, G. ; C. Hoelbling ; et al. Chiral Behavior of Pseudo-Goldstone
Boson Masses and Decay Constants in 2+1 Flavor QCD. 25th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory,
Regensburg, Germany, 30 July – 4 August 2007. PoS LAT2007, 115, 2007. hal-00263802
[ACTI011] Kaiser, R. Eta-Prime Contributions to the Chiral Low Energy Constants. 13th International Conference in
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD06), Montpellier, France, 3-7 July 2006. Nuclear Physics Proc. Suppl. 174, 97,
2007. hal-00479976
[ACTI012] Charles, J. Status of the CKM Matrix and a Simple New Physics Scenario. 2nd International Workshop on
Theory, Phenomenology and Experiments in Heavy Flavor Physics, Capri, Italy, 16-18 June 2008. Nuclear
Physics Proc. Suppl. 185, 17, 2008. hal-00327643
[ACTI013] Ramos, A. ; [BMW Collaboration]. FK/Fpi in Full QCD. 27th International Symposium on Lattice
Field Theory (Lattice 2009), Peking University, Beijing, China, 26-31 July 2009. PoS LAT2009, 259, 2009. hal00480004
[ACTI014] Zdrahal, M. ; Kampf, K. ; Knecht, M. ; Novotny, J. Construction of the Eta->3pi (and K->3pi)
Amplitudes Using Dispersive Approach. Proceedings of 6th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, Bern,
Switzerland, 6-10 July 2009. PoS CD09, 122, 2009. hal-00424068
160
[ACTI015] Zdrahal, M. ; Kampf, K. ; Knecht, M. ; Novotny, J. Dispersive Construction of Two-Loop P->3pi
(P=K,eta) Amplitudes. International Workshop on Effective Field Theories : From the Pion to the Upsilon
(EFT09), Valencia, Spain, 2-6 February 2009. PoS EFT09, 063, 2009. hal-00390378
[ACTI016] Coquereaux, R. ; Schieber, G. Quantum Symmetries of sl(2) and sl(3) Graphs. Proceedings of the Fifth
International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, 2006. PoS IC2006:01, 2006.
[ACTI017] Isaev, A. P. ; Ogievetsky, O. Representations of A-type Hecke Algebras. Proceedings of International
Workshop "Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries" Dubna 132, 2006. hal-00473352
[ACTI018] Ogievetsky, O ; Popov, T. On Rime Ansatz. Proceedings of International Workshop
"Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries" Dubna, 2007. hal-00473346
[ACTI019] Coquereaux, R. ; Schieber, G. From Conformal Embeddings to Quantum Symmetries : An Exceptional SU(4)
Example. Journal of Physics : Conferences Series 103, 012006, 2008. hal-00177273
[ACTI020] Iochum, B. Spectral Action in Noncommutative Geometry : An Example. Journal of Physics Conferences
Series 103, 012019, 2008. hal-00374438
[ACTI021] Isaev, A. P. ; Ogievetsky, O. ; Os'kin, A. F. Open Hecke Chains for Corner Type Representations.
Proceedings of International Workshop "Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries 07" Dubna, 2008.
[ACTI022] Jureit, J.-H. ; Krajewski, T. Quasi-Quantum Groups from Strings. Journal of Physics Conferences Series,
103, 012005, 2008. hal-00166918
[ACTI023] Isaev, A. P. ; Ogievetsky, O. Jucys-Murphy Operators for Biman-Murakami-Wenzl Algebras.
Supersymmetries and Quantum Symmetries, 2009.
E3 - Cosmology
[ACTI024] Cucciati, O. ; Iovino, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; Et al. Witnessing the Build-up of the Colour-Density Relation. The
Proceedings of the 61st Rencontres de Moriond "From Dark Halos to Light" Editions Frontieres, 2006. hal00124538
[ACTI025] Guzzo, L. ; Le Fèvre, O. ; Meneux, B. ; Pollo, A. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. Studying the evolution of large-scale
structure with the VIMOST-VLT Deep Survey. 2006 Vulcano Worshop "Frontier Objects in Astrophysics and
Particle Physics" Editrice Compositori, 2006. hal-00131467
[ACTI026] Marinoni, C. ; et al. Evolution of the Non-Linear Glaxy Bias up to Redshift z=1.5. The Proceedings of the
26th Astrophysics Moriond Meeting "From Dark Halos to Light" Editions Frontieres, 2006. hal-00129190
[ACTI027] Temporin, S. ; (Marinoni, C.) ; et al. NIR Follow-Up of the VVDS 02hr Field. Proceedings of the IAU
Symposium, "Galaxy Evolution Across the Hubble Time" 235, 2006. hal-00124543
[ACTI028] Abbas, U. ; Le Fèvre, O. ; de La Torre, S. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. Evolutionary Behaviour in the HOD from
the VVDS Data. AAS 38, 1146, 2007.
161
[ACTI029] Le Fèvre, O. ; (Marinoni, C.) ; et al. The VIMOST VLT Deep Survey : Clustering and the Role of
Environment in Galaxy Evolution. ASPC 379, 138, 2007.
[ACTI030] Le Fèvre, O. ; Cucciati, O. ; Guzzo, L. ; Ilbert, O. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. The VIMOS VLT Deep
Survey : Star Formation Since z~5 and Mass Assembly from the VVDS-SWIRE Sample. ASPC 380, 303, 2007.
[ACTI031] Pollo, A. ; Guzzo, L. ; Le Fèvre, O. ; Meneux, B, ; Marinoni, C. The VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey : the
Last 10 Billion Years of Evolution of Galaxy Clustering. ASPC 380, 533, 2007. hal-00124531
[ACTI032] Guzzo, L. ; Pierleoni, M. ; Meneux, B. ; Branchini, E. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. Redshift-Space Distortions as
a Probe of Dark Energy. Nuovo Cimento B 122, 1385, 2008.
[ACTI033] Marinoni, C. ; Virey, J.-M. ; Taxil, P. ; Guzzo, L. ; Cappi, A. ; et al. Testing Gravity on Large Scales. The
Skewness of the Galaxy Distribution at z~1. Proceedings of 43 rd Rencontres de Moriond on Cosmology, La Thuile,
Italie, 15-22 March 2008. hal-00350446
[ACTI034] Alesci, E. Graviton Propagator as a Tool to Test Spinfoam Models. Proceedings of the III Stueckelberg
Workshop 2008. hal-00374144
[ACTI035] Marciano, A. On the Emergence of Non Locality for Quantum Fields Enjoying Kappa-Poincaré Symmetries.
Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering 3, 2C, 2008. hal-00374897
[ACTI036] Marciano, A. Towards Inhomogeneous Loop Quantum Cosmology : Triangulated Loop Quantum Cosmology and
Bianchi IX with Inhomogeneous Perturbations. Proceedings for the XII Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Paris, France,
juillet 2009. hal-00477202
[ACTI037] Marciano, A. A Brief Overvoew of Quantum Field Theory with Deformed Symmetries and their Relation with
Quantum Gravity. Proceedings for the XII Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Paris, France, juillet 2009. hal-00477197
[ACTI038] Montesinos, M. ; Velazquez, M. Husian-Kuchar Model as a Constrained BF Theory. The Planck Scale,
XXV Max Born Symposium AIP Conference Proceedings 1196, 201, 2009. hal-00374314
[ACTI039] Perez, A. Loop Quantum Gravity : an Introduction. 13ème Brezilian School of Gravitation of
Cosmology, Brésil AIP Conference Proceedings 1196, 386, 2009. hal-00421883
[ACTI040] Alani, H. ; Szomsor, M. ; Cattuto, C. ; Van den Broeck, W. ; Correndo, G. ; Barrat, A. Live Social
Semantics. Proceedings of the 8th International Semantic Web Conference ISWC2009 LNCS 5823, 698, 2009.
hal-00416170
[ACTI041] Schifanella, R. ; Barrat, A. ; Cattuto, C. ; Markines, B. ; Menczer, F. Folks in Folksonomies : Social Link
Prediction from Shared Metadata. Proceedings of WSDM 2010, 271, 2010. hal-00429886
E6 - Nanophysics
[ACTI042] Crépieux, A. ; Guigou, M. ; Popoff, A. ; Martin, T. Photo-Assisted Shot Noise in Coulomb Interacting
Systems. Proceedings of the 6th Rencontres du Vietnam, Hanoi, 6-12 August 2006. hal-00141126
162
[ACTI043] Crépieux, A. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Nguyen, A. V. ; Levinson, Y. ; Martin, T. Dephasing Due to a Fluctuating
Fractional Quantum Hall Edge Current. Proceedings of the 6th Rencontres du Vietnam, Hanoi, 6-12 August 2006.
hal-00141149
[ACTI044] Creux, M. ; Nguyen, T. K. T. ; Crépieux, A. ; Martin, T. Measuring Noise and Cross Correlations at High
Frequencies in Nanophysics. Mesoscopic Superconductivity and Spintronics (MS+S2006) Atsugi, Japan, 27 February
– 02 March 2006. hal-00479501
[ACTI045] Imura, K.-I. ; Utsumi, Y. ; Martin, T. Full Counting Statistics for Transport Through a Molecular Quantum
dot Magnet. Physica E 40, 375, 2007. hal-00118391
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[ACTI046] Gouëzel, S. ; Lanneau, E. Un théorème de Kerckhoff, Masur et Smillie : Unique ergodicité sur les surfaces plates.
Séminaires et Congrès 19, Société Mathématique de France, 2008.
[ACTI047] Troubetzkoy, S. Approximation and Billiards. Systèmes dynamiques et approximations diophantiennes,
Séminaires et congrès 22, Société Mathématique de France, 2010. hal-00115001
[ACTI048] Bachelard, R. ; Antoniazzi, A. ; Chandre, C. ; Fanelli, D. ; Vittot, M. Enhancement of Particle Trapping in
the Free Electron Laser. Comptes rendus de la conférence "Chaos06" : First IFAC (International Federation of
Automatic Control), Conference on Analysis and Control of Chaotic Systems 73, 2006. ccsd-00102385
[ACTI049] Benzekri, T. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. ; et al. Control of Chaotic Advection.
Comptes rendus de la conférence "Chaos06" : First IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control),
Conference on Analysis and Control of Chaotic Systems 73, 219, 2006. hal-00102905
[ACTI050] Chandre, C. ; Vittot, M. ; Ciraolo, G. Local Control of Area-Preserving Maps. Chaos, Complexity and
Transport Theory and Application, Marseille, France, 2008. hal-00315893
[ACTI051] Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; Zaslavsky, G. M. Chaos, Complexity and Transport : Theory and Application.
World Scientific, 2008.
[ACTI052] Tronko, N. ; Vittot, M. Localised Hamiltonian Control and its Application to the Reduction of Chaotic
Transport of Test Particles in a Tokamak's Plasma. Theory of Fusion Plasmas, Book Series AIP Conference
Proceedings 1069, 343, 2008. hal-00374920
[ACTI053] Bachelard, R. ; Couprie, M.-E. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; De Ninno, G. ; et. al. Deep Saturation
Dynamics in a Free Electron Laser. Proceedings of Free Electron Laser Conference, Liverpool, 23-28 August 2009.
[ACTI054] Bachelard, R. ; Couprie, M.-E. ; Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. ; De Ninno, G. ; et al. Deep Saturation
Dynamics in a Free Electron Laser. Proceedings of Free Electron Laser Conference, Liverpool, 23-28 August 2009.
[ACTI055] Tronko, N. ; Vittot, M. Creation of a Transport Barrier for the E x B Drift in Magnetized Plasmas.
Proceedings of the "International Conference on Fusion BFR, Craiova, Romania, October 2008."Physics AUC",
Annals of the University of Craiova, 2009. hal-00477163
163
[ACTI056] Briet, P. ; Raikov, G. The Integrated Density of States in Strong Magnetic Fields. Mathematical Results in
Quantum Mechanics, 15, 2008.
[ACTI057] Briet, P. The Integrated Density of States for Magnetic Schrödinger Operators. Communications in
Mathematical Analysis Conference 2, 2008. hal-00479478
[ACTI058] Bruneau, C. H. ; Colin, T. ; Galusinski, C. ; Tancogne, S. ; Vigneaux, P. Simulation of 3D Dynamics of
Microdroples : A Comparison of Rectangular and Cylindrical Channels. ENUMATH Proceedings 449, 2008. hal00291512
[ACTI059] Cornean, H. D. ; Duclos, P. ; Ricaud, B. On the Skeleton Method and an Application to a Quantum Scissor.
Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics 77, 657, 2008. hal-00206274
[ACTI060] Bensouissi, A. ; Ifa, A. ; Rouleux, M. Andreev Reflection and the Semi-Classical Bogoliubov-De Gennes
Hamiltonian. Proceeding Days of Diffraction 2009, Saint-Petersburg 37, 2009. hal-00439616
[ACTI061] Briet, P. ; Hislop, P. D. ; Raikov, G. ; Soccorsi, E. Mourre Estimates for a 2D Quantum Hamiltonian on
Strip-Like Domains. Contemporary Mathematics 500, 2009. hal-00479469
Miscellaneous
[ACTI063] Triay, R. Is the Cosmological Constant a Problem ?. Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmann
Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2003, 2266, World Scientific, 2006.
[ACTI064] Triay, R. Universe with a Positive Curvature. Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on
General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2003, 1602, World Scientific, 2006.
[ACTI065] Triay, R. ; Fliche, H. H. ; Novello, M. ; de Freitas, L. R. An Isotropization Process in Bianchi I Model.
Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2003, 1736,
World Scientific, 2006.
[ACTI066] Triay, R. ; Fliche, H. H. Spherical Voids in Newton-Friedmann Universe. Proceedings of the Eleventh
Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Berlin 1743, World Scientific, 2007. ccsd-00089276
[ACTI067] Triay, R. An Issue to the Cosmological Constant Problem. 7th Asia-Pacific International Conference on
Gravitation and Astrophysics, 23-26 November 2005, 125 World Scientific, 2007. hal-00005025
[ACTI068] Triay, R. ; Fliche, H. H. Euler-Poisson-Newton Approach in Cosmology. 12th Brazilian School of
Cosmology and Gravitation, Brésil. AIP Conference Proceedings346, 910, 2007. hal-00125261
[ACTI069] Triay, R. ; H. H. Fliche. Voids in the Distribution of Galaxies and the Cosmological Constant. Proceedings of
the 8th Asia-Pacific International Conference on Gravitation and Astrophysics (ICGAB) Nara 2008. Japan
Progress in Theoretical Physics 172, 40, 2008. hal-00204951
164
15.6 COM : Communication at a national or international conference without
proceedings
[COM001] Charles, J. Depuzzling B→K̟. IV Euridice Collaboration Meeting, Marseille, France, 8-11 February
2006.
[COM002] Charles, J. Bayesian Magic in Flavor Physics. Inaugural workshop of Flavianet, Barcelona, Spain,
November 2006.
[COM003] Lellouch, L. Mélange de kaons neutres au-delà du Modèle Standard et contributions ? I=3/2 à la violation de CP
directe dans K→̟̟. Rencontre de Physique des Particules, Paris, France, 1-3 March, 2006.
[COM004] Lellouch, L. Weak Matrix Elements with Neuberger Quarks on Nf=2+1 Seas of Improved Wilson Fermions.
Inaugural Workshop of the European Flavour Physics Network FLAVIAnet, Barcelona, Spain, 2-4 November
2006.
[COM005] Lellouch, L. K°- K°bar Mixing Beyond the Standard Model and CP-Violation Electroweak Penguins with
Quenched Neuberger Quarks. IV Euridice Collaboration Meeting, Marseille, France, 8-11 February 2006.
[COM006] Charles, J. Status of the CKMfitter Project. Joint Workshop on Charm Physics, Beijing, China,
November 2007.
[COM007] Lellouch, L. Light Pseudoscalar Mesons in 2+1 Flavor QCD. Annual Workshop of the European
Flavour Physics Network FLAVIAnet, Orsay, France, 14-16 November 2007.
[COM008] Lellouch, L. Comportement chiral des masses et des constantes de désintégration des mésons pseudoscalaires légers en
QCD sur réseau avec 2+1 saveurs de quarks de la mer. Annual meeting of the CNRS research federation GDR
physique subatomique et QCD sur réseau, Orsay, France, 15-17 Juin 2007.
[COM009] Lellouch, L. The Light Hadron Spectrum in QCD. Annual Workshop of the European Flavour Physics
Network FLAVIAnet, Durham, UK, 22-26 September 2008.
[COM010] Lellouch, L. Results from BMW : the Hadron Spectrum in Full QCD. Annual Meeting of the CNRS
Research Federation GDR Physique subatomique et QCD sur réseau, Marseille, France, 25-27 June 2008.
[COM011] Lellouch, L. Calculs Ab Initio en chromodynamique quantique non pertubative. Rencontre de Physique des
Particules, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, 23-25 Mars 2009
[COM012] Ramos, A. Fĸ / F̟ in full QCD. Euroflavour 2009, Bari, Italy, 9-11 November 2009.
[COM013] Ramos, A. Fĸ / F̟ in full QCD. Invited Talk at FLAVIAnet Meeting in Honour of Chris Sachrajda
on the Occasion of his 60th Birthday, Southampton UK, 14-15 December 2009
[COM014] Knecht, M. The Sigma Term. Annual Meeting of the CNRS Research Federation GDR Physique
subatomique et QCD sur réseau, Marseille, France, 25-27 June 2008.
165
[COM015] Schücker, T. Une analyse cinématique du diagramme de Hubble. Prospective en Cosmologie à Marseille,
Allauch, 17-18 Janvier 2006.
[COM016] Coquereaux, R. Teorias de campos conformes y grupoidos cuanticos. Escuela de Fisica de la Universidad de
Costa Rica, San José, 28 February 2007.
[COM017] Iochum, B. Spectral Action on SUq(2). ESF Workshop : Noncommutative Quantum Fields Theory,
Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna, Austria, 26-29 November 2007.
[COM018] Iochum, B. Spectral Action in Noncommutative Geometry. Noncommutative Geometry and Physics
Workshop, Orsay, France, 23-27 avril 2007.
[COM019] Krajewski, T. Wilsonian Renormalization and Connes-Kreimer Algebras. Sessions Etats de la Recherche
GNC, Université de Metz, 06-09 novembre 2007.
[COM020] Krajewski, T. Quantum Field Theory on a Projective Module. ESF Workshop : Noncommutative
Quantum Fields Theory, Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna, Austria, 26-29 November 2007.
[COM021] Krajewski, T. Quasi-quantum Groups from Strings. Conference on Noncommutative Geometry and
Physics, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Orsay, France, 23-27 avril 2007.
[COM022] Schücker, T. Does Inflation Have Predictive Power ? Energetic Events in the Universe : from Physics to
Cosmology, Marseille, juin 2007.
[COM023] Schücker, T. Constante Cosmologique et Lensing. Prospective en Cosmologie à Marseille, Allauch, 21-22
novembre 2007.
[COM024] Iochum, B. Moyal Planes. Workshop on Quantum Deformations, Louvain, avril 2008.
[COM025] Iochum, B. Spectral Action in Noncommutative Geometry. Educational Week on Noncommutative
Integration, Leiden, Netherlands, 9-13 June 2008.
[COM026] Krajewski, T. Algebraic Aspects of Wilsonian Renormalization and some Combinatorial Applications.
Noncommutative Geometry Conference, Hausdorff Research Institute for Mathematics, Bonn, 28 July - 1st
August 2008.
[COM027] Krajewski, T. Quasi-Quantum Groups as Higher Projective Representations. Quantum Geometry and
Quantum Gravity, Nottingham University, 30 June - 4 July 2008.
[COM028] Krajewski, T. Algebraic Aspects of Wilsonian Renormalization and some Combinatorial Applications. Algèbre
Combinatoire et Arbres, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, 26-30 mai 2008.
[COM029] Schücker, T. Strong Lensing with Cosmological Constant. 3ème Rencontres de Moriond, Cosmology, La
Thuille, Italy, 15-22 March 2008.
[COM030] Schücker, T. The Noncommutative Standard Model, Post- and Predictions. Noncommutative Geometry
Conference, Hausdorff Research Institute for Mathematics, Bonn, 28 July - 1st August 2008.
166
[COM031] Grimm, R. Algebraic Quantum Field Theory. Algebraic Quantum Field Theory, the First 50 Years,
Gottingen, Germany, 29-31 July 2009
[COM032] Iochum, B. Spectral Geometry and Physics. French-Jap. Workshop on Zeta Functions III, Université
Jean Monnet, Saint Etienne, France, 23-24 novembre 2009
[COM033] Iochum, B. Commutative Spectral Triples and Tadpoles. Topics in Mathematics and Mathematical
Physics, Orsay, France, 24-26 November 2009.
[COM034] Iochum, B. Spectral Triples and Manifolds with Boundary. The Physics of the Spectral Action, IHES,
December 2009.
[COM035] Krajewski, T. Graph Polynomials and Quantum Field Theory. Algebraic and Combinatorial Structures in
Quantum Field Theory, Institut d'Etudes Scientifiques de Cargèse, France, 23 mars - 3 avril 2009
[COM036] Krajewski, T. Graph polynomials and quantum field theory. Calcul Moulien, Renormalisation et Algèbres
de Hopf, Laboratoire de Mathématiques, Orsay, France, 5-6 février 2009.
[COM037] Schücker, T. Status Physique Fondamentale. Prospective en Cosmologie à Marseille, St-Jean de Garnier,
France, 12-13 mars 2009.
E3 - Cosmology
[COM038] Marinoni, C. On the Non Linearity of the Biasing Function. Non-Linear Cosmology Workshop, Nice,
France, 25-27 janvier 2006.
[COM039] Marinoni, C. 3D Voronoi-Delaunay reconstruction of clured points. The World a Jigsaw : Tessellations in
the Sciences, Leiden, Pays Bas, 6-10 March 2006.
[COM040] Marinoni, C. Surveying the Cosmo at z=1. Moriond Meeting / From Dark Halos to Light, La Thuile,
Italie, 12-18 March 2006.
[COM041] Marinoni, C. Highlights from the VVDS. Journée de la SF2A, Paris, France, 26-30 June 2006.
[COM042] Marinoni, C. 9 000 000 000 Years of Gravity in the Cosmic Factory. 2nd Sino-French Workshop on the
Dark Universe, Beijing, China, September 2006.
[COM043] Virey, J.M. Quelques réflexions sur l'extraction des paramètres de l'énergie noire à partir des SN. Réunion PNC
du groupe de travail sur les paramètres cosmologiques, Centre de calcul de Lyon, France, mai 2006.
[COM044] Virey, J.M. Figures of Merit for Dark Energy Supernovae Surveys. Sino-French Workshop on the Dark
Universe, Pékin, September 2006.
[COM045] Buzzi, A. Projet de thèse. Vimos VLT Deep Survey, Rome, Italie, 24-26 October 2007.
[COM046] Buzzi, A. A Null Test of the Metric Nature of Cosmic aAcceleration. Cosmologie à Marseille, Allauch,
France, novembre 2007.
[COM047] Linden, S. Die Karte des Kosmologischen Strahlungshintergrundes in Wissenschaft und Oeffentlichkeit. Vom
Roten Mars und Runden Atomen, Offenbach, Allemagne, 25-26 October 2007.
167
[COM048] Marinoni, C. The PDF of dark matter and light at z~1. GRD SUSY Groupe Matière Noire,
Montpellier, France, mai 2007.
[COM049] Marinoni, C. The Cluster Mass Function at Early Epochs. SNAP Science Meeting, Paris, France,
septembre 2007.
[COM050] Virey, J.M. Figures of Merit for SN Surveys and Constraints on Curvature and Dark Energy from Combined
Analysis. Conférence plénière de clôture du meeting de la collaboration SNAP, Berkeley, USA, January 2007.
[COM051] Virey, J.M. Dark Energy : Models and Constraints. Conférence plénière d'ouverture lors du meeting
"Probing the Universe with Weak Lensing", Marseille, France, avril 2007.
[COM052] Virey, J.M. Dark Energy : Models and Constraints. Conférence plénière d'ouverture lors du meeting du
consortium XMM-LSS, Marseille, France, mai 2007.
[COM053] Linden, S. Extraction of Cosmological Parameters. 43rd Rencontres de Moriond : Cosmology, La Thuile,
[COM054] Marinoni, C. High Order Statistics of the Large Scale Density Field. A Celebration of Marc Davis' 60th
Birthday : Surveys and Simulations of Large-Scale Structures, Berkeley, USA, January 2008
[COM055] Marinoni, C. The Linear Growth Function in the Accelerated Universe. Journée du centre de Physique
Théorique, Marseille, France, février 2008.
[COM056] Marinoni, C. Dark Energy or Dark Gravity ? 43rd Rencontres de Moriond : Cosmology, La Thuile,
[COM057] Marinoni, C. A Null Test of the Metric Nature of the Cosmic Acceleration. Journées PNC:PNG 2008, Paris,
France, avril 2008.
[COM058] Marinoni, C. Dark Energy or Dark Gravity ? Cosmo Tools in Marseille 2008, Marseille, France, avril
2008.
[COM059] Marinoni, C. Mesuring Dark Energy with Ruler and Compass. SNAP Plenary Meeting 2008, Chicago,
USA, May 2008.
[COM060] Marinoni, C. Dark Energy or Dark Gravity ? Toulouse Cosmology Meeting 2008, Toulouse, France,
June 2008.
[COM061] Marinoni, C. Accelerating the Universe with a Fifth Force ? Montpellier Cosmology Meeting 2008,
Montpellier, France, octobre 2008.
[COM062] Buzzi, A. A Two Body Test of Cosmology. Vimos VLT Deep Survey, Marseille, France, 20-23 avril 2009.
[COM063] Buzzi, A. A Two Body Test of Cosmology. Vipers Workshop, Paris, France, 11-13 May 2009.
[COM064] Linden, S. Europa- Mahner oder Macher 2. Dialogue Franco-Allemand, Europa-Akademie
Otzenhausen, Nonnweiler, Germany, 14-15 May 2009.
[COM065] Marinoni, C. Gravity Figure of Merits. BigBoss-France Meeting 2009, Paris, France, juin 2009.
168
[COM066] Marinoni, C. BigBoss VS. Euclid : Fun with FOM. BigBoss Meeting 2009, Berkeley, USA, November
2009.
[COM067] Marinoni, C. What Can We Learn from Large Scale Structure Simulations. DEUS simulations 2009, Paris,
France, décembre 2009.
[COM068] Buzzi, A. Cosmo-Retreat 2010. Spaghetti Test, Gemenos, France, mars 2010.
[COM069] Rovelli, C. n-Point Functions in Background Independent QFT. Conference in Honor of G `t Hooft,
Holand, July 2006.
[COM070] Perez, A. Loop Quantum Gravity and Loop Quantum Cosmology. A Jornada do Ricochete, Universidad
Federal do Espirito Santo, Brazil, July 2007.
[COM071] Perez, A. Regulator Dependence in Quatum Gravity and Non Pertubative Renormalizability : Possible New
Perspectives. LOOPS 07, UNAM, Morelia, June 2007.
[COM072] Perez, A. Introduction to Loop Quantum Gravity. Trends in Theoritical Physics, CeFIMAS, Buenos
Aires, May 2007.
[COM073] Rovelli, C. LQG Vertex. LOOPS 07, UNAM, Morelia, June 2007.
[COM074] Perez, A. Loop Quantum Gravity : Where Are We Now ? GRAVTUM II, Amorgos, Greece, September
2008.
[COM075] Rovelli, C. Loop Quantum Gravity. STRINGS 08, Geneva, July 2008.
[COM076] Rovelli, C. A New Look on Quantum Gravity. Quantum Gravity and Noncommutative Geometry,
Departement of Mathematics, La Sapienza, Roma, Italy, October 2008.
[COM077] Rovelli, C. Relating Spinfoams and LQG. Quantum Gravity and Quantum Geometry, Nottingham, Uk,
July 2008.
[COM078] Perez, A. SU (2) Chern-Simons Theory and Black Hole Entropy. LOOPS 09 Normal University of Beijin,
Beijing, Chine, August 2009.
[COM079] Perez, A. The Theta Paremeter and Black Hole Entropy. Black Holes and Loop Quantum Gravity,
Valencia, Espagne, 26-28 March 2009.
[COM080] Rovelli, C. Loops Foams and Scattering. LOOPS 09 Normal University of Beijin, Beijing, Chine,
August 2009.
[COM081] Speziale, S. Twisted Geometries. LOOPS 09 Normal University of Beijin, Beijing, Chine, August 2009.
[COM082] Speziale, S. Lectures on Loop Quantum Gravity. 3ème Ecole de Physique Théorique de l'Université de
Jijel, Jijel, Algeria, September 2009.
169
[COM083] Sirugue-Colin, M. On Random Cameo Graphs with Independent Edges. Journées de probabilities, CIRM,
Marseille, France, 18-22 septembre 2006.
[COM084] Shlosman, S. Dynamics of Highly Connected Queuing Networks. Microsoft Research, Redmont, 7-14
December 2007.
[COM085] Miracle-Sole, S. Mathematical Aspects of Wetting. Combinatorial and Probabilistic Inequalities, Isaac
Newton Institute University of Cambridge, UK, 23-27 June 2008.
[COM086] Shlosman, S. Metastable States and Their Gibbs Properties. Journées de Physique Statistique 2010, Ecole
Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie de Paris, 28-29 janvier 2010.
E6 - Nanophysics
[COM087] Crepieux, A. Finite Size Effects, Super-and Sub-Poissonian Noise in, a Nanotube Connected to Leads.
Conference on Quantum Phenomena in Confined Dimensions, ICTP, Trieste, Italie, 4-8 June 2007.
[COM088] Crepieux, A. Photo-Assisted Noise in Luttinger Liquids. Réunion thématique sur le Transport
Electronique du GDR-DFT++, CRMCN, Marseille, France, janvier 2007.
[COM089] Guigou, MFinite Size Effects, Super-and Sub-Poissonian Noise in a Carbon Nanotube Connected to Leads. 4th
Windsor Summer School on Condensed Matter, Windsor, Royaume Uni, 6-18 August 2007.
[COM090] Guigou, MFinite Size Effects, Super-and Sub-Poissonian Noise in a Carbon Nanotube Connected to Leads.
GDR Mesoscopique et Physique quantique, Aussois, France, 19-22 mars 2007.
[COM091] Crepieux, A. Ac Conductance and Non-Symmetrized Noise at Finite Frequency in Quantum Wires and Carbon
Nanotubes. Workshop Correlations and Coherence in Quantum Matter, Evora, Portugal, 10-14 November 2008.
[COM092] Crepieux, A. Current Fluctuations in Carbon Nanotubes. 1ère Réunion CNANO PACA, Porquerolles,
France, 28-30 avril 2008.
[COM093] Guigou, MLocal Screening of a Carbon Nanotube by a STM Tip. 22nd General Conference of the
Condensed Matter Division of the European Physical Society, Università della Sapienza, Rome, Italie, 25-29
August 2008.
[COM094] Martin, T. Présentation équipe de nanophysique du CPT. 1ère Réunion CNANO PACA, Porquerolles,
France, 28-30 avril 2008.
[COM095] Guigou, M. Screening of a Luttinger Liquid Wire by a STM Tip. Ecole de Physique des Houches, 10-29
mai 2009.
170
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[COM096] Lanneau, E. Mini-cours Teichmueller. Ecole de Théorie Ergodique II, CIRM, Marseille, France, 24-28
avril 2006.
[COM097] Lanneau, E. Arnoux-Yoccoz Teichmueller Disc. Dynamical Systems and Number Theory, Scuola
Normale Superiore, Pise, Italie, 16 April – 13 July 2007.
[COM098] Lanneau, E. Disque de Teichmueller et théorie de Ratner. Rencontres de Systèmes dynamiques, Lille,
France, 7-8 juin 2008.
[COM099] Lanneau, E. Flat Surfaces from Rational-Angled Polyonal Billiards and Pseudo-Asonov Diffeomorphisms. Math
et Billards, Orléans, France, 25-26 March 2008.
[COM100] Lanneau, E. Systole in Genus Two. Colloque AMS, San Francisco, US, 25-26 April 2009.
[COM101] Lanneau, E. Worshop on Dilatations of Pseudo-Anosov Homeomorphisms and Ranzy-Veech Induction. PseudoAnosov and Small Dilatations, Madison, US, 24-25 April 2010.
[COM102] Chandre, C. Reducing or Enhancing Chaos Using Periodic Orbits. Carles Simo Fest, S'Agaro, Espagne, 29
May – 3 June 2006.
[COM103] Leoncini, X. Particles Dynamics in Regular and Chaotic Flows. National University of Singapore,
Singapour, Dynamical Chaos and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics : From Rigorous Results to
Applications in Nano-systems, 1 August – 30 September 2006.
[COM104] Vittot, M. A Lie Algebraic Version of Hamiltonian Perturbation Theory. International Conference
"Vlasovia", Florence, Italie, 18-20 September 2006.
[COM105] Chandre, C. Etats quasi-stationnaires et contrôle dans le laser à électrons libres. Journée franco-italienne sur la
recherche et la coopération, Marseille, France, 17 octobre 2007.
[COM106] Chandre, C. Control of Turbulent Transport in the SOL. Dynamics Days 2007, Boston, USA, 3-6 January
2007.
[COM107] Leoncini, X. Chaotic Advection and Targeted Mixing. 60th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid
Dynamics, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, 18-20 November 2007.
[COM108] Leoncini, X. Chaos of Field Lines. Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas (SFP), Juelich, Germany, 5-7
November 2007.
[COM109] Leoncini, X. Mélange chaotique cellulaire dans une allée de tourbillons. Journées GDR Turbulence et
Dycoec, 2007, Marseille, France, 21-23 mai 2007
[COM110] Tronko, N. Intrinsic Gyrokinetics. International conference "Geometric Mechanics", Marseille,
France,19-23 novembre 2007.
171
[COM111] Vittot, M. A Lie Algebraic Version of Hamiltonian Perturbation Theory. International Conference "Topics
in nonlinear Dynamics and Complexity, Puebla, Mexico, 19-23 February 2007.
[COM112] Vittot, M. The Maxwell-Vlasov Algebra. Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics. Fourth
International Conference of Applied Mathematics and Computing, Kiev, Ukraine, 24-30 June 2007.
[COM113] Vittot, M. The Maxwell-Vlasov Algebra. International conference on fusion Belgique-FranceRoumanie, Craiova, Romania, October 2007.
[COM114] Chandre, C. Hamiltonian Formulation of Reduced Vlasov-Maxwell Equations. Application to the Free Electron
Laser. Stability and Instability in Mechanical Systems : Applications and Numerical Tools, Barcelone, Espagne, 15 December 2008.
[COM115] Chandre, C. Hamiltonian Formulation of Reduced Vlasov-Maxwell Equations. 50th Annual Meeting of the
Division of Plasma Physics-American Physical Society, Dallas, USA, 17-21 November 2008.
[COM116] Chandre, C. Reduction of Radial Transport in the SOL. Sherwood Fusion Theory Conference, Boulder,
USA, 30 March – 02 April 2008.
[COM117] Leoncini, X. Dynamics of Three Point Vortices Near Collapse. Singularities in Mechanics, Centre Emile
Borel of the Institut Henri Poincare, Paris, France, 30 January – 1 February 2008.
[COM118] Leoncini, X. Chaotic Advection in an Array of Vortices. ENS, Lyon, France Journées GdR Phénix, 13-14
October 2008.
[COM119] Vittot, M. Intrinsic Gyrokinetics. International Conference on Fusion Belgique-France-Roumanie,
Namur, Belgium, 2008.
[COM120] Vittot, M. Intrinsic Gyrokinetics. Workshop ANR "EGYPT", Strasbourg, France, 10-11 December
2008.
[COM121] Vittot, M. Hamiltonian Control. PhD lectures on "Hamiltonian Control", Mathematics Departement,
FUNDP, Namur, Belgium, November 2008.
[COM122] Briolle, F. Tomograms and Data Analysis Applied on Reflectometry Signals. 9th International Reflectometry
Workshop, Lisbon, 4-6 May 2009.
[COM123] Briolle, F. Tomograms and Data Analysis. Réunion Scientifique et Technique, CEA Cadarache, France,
19 October 2009.
[COM124] Chandre, C. Hamiltonian Formulation of Reduced Maxwell-Vlasov Equations. SIAM Conference on
Applications of Dynamical Systems, Snowbird, USA, 17-21 May 2009.
[COM125] Leoncini, X. Self-Organized Integrability in Systems with Long Range Interactions ? Math & ITER, CIRM,
[COM126] Leoncini, X. Self-Organized Integrability in Systems with Long Range Interactions ?. Pseudochaos and StableChaos in Statistical Mechanics and Quantum Physics, Trieste, Italie, 21-25 September 2009.
172
[COM127] Leoncini, X. Self-Organized Integrability in Systems with Long Range Interactions ? Nonlinear Dynamics and
Chaos Workshop 2009, in Memory of George Zaslavsky Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York
University, USA, 24-25 April 2009.
[COM128] Tassi, E. A Hamiltonian Model for Magnetic Reconnection. Colloque DYCOEC, Rouen, France, 14-16
décembre 2009.
[COM129] Tassi, E. A Hamiltonian Model for Magnetic Reconnection. MATH-ITER, Marseille, France, 2-6
novembre 2009.
[COM130] Tassi, E. Progress Toward a Hamiltonian Field Theory for Gyrokinetic Equations. Vlasovia Meeting,
Marseille, France, 31 August – 01 September 2009.
[COM131] Tassi, E. Hamilton Formulation of Fluid and Kinetic Models for Plasmas. XXI International Conference on
Transport Theory, Torino, Italie, 12-17 July 2009.
[COM132] Tassi, E. Hamilton Derivation of the Hasegawa-Mima Equation. Festival de Théorie sur "Rotation and
Momentum Transport in Magnetised Plasma", Aix-en-Provence, France, 6-24 juillet 2009.
[COM133] Tassi, E. A Hamiltonian Model for Magnetic Reconnection in Collisionless Plasmas. SIAM Conference on
Applications of Dynamical Systems, Snowbird, USA, 17-21 May 2009.
[COM134] Tassi, E. Nonlinear Dynamics and Stability Aspects in a Hamiltonian Model for Magnetic Reconnection. 11th
Easter Plasma Meeting, Torino, Italie, 15-17 April 2009.
[COM135] Tassi, E. Secondary Instabilities and Turbulent Regimes in a Hamiltonian Four-Field Model for Magnetic
Reconnection in Collisionless Plasmas. 4th International Workshop on Stochasticity in Fusion Plasmas Juelich, 2-4
March,2009.
[COM136] Tronko, N. Intrinsic Gyrokinetics. International conference "Kinetic equations and Applications",
CIRM, Marseille, France, 2-6 février 2009.
[COM137] Tronko, N. Transport of Momentum. International Conference "Vlasovia", Marseille, France, 31 août –
4 septembre 2009.
[COM138] Tronko, N. Transport of Momentum. Hamiltonian Approaches of ITER Physics, Marseille, France, 2-6
novembre 2009.
[COM139] Tronko, N. Intrinsic Gyrokinetics. Workshop ANR "EGYPT", Marseille, France, décembre 2009.
[COM140] Barbaroux, J-M. Quantitative Estimates on the Enhanced Binding for the Pauli-Fierz Operator. 5th Meeting of
the EU IHP Network Analysis and Quantum, Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna, March 2006.
[COM141] Zagrebnov, V. Non-Homogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensation. 95th Statiscal Mechanics Conference,
Rutgers University, USA, 7-9 May 2006.
[COM142] Zagrebnov, V. Bose-Einstein Condensation in Random Potentials. The 7th International Conference :
Probability in Contemporary Physics, Yerevan-Lake Sevan, Arménie, 7-13 September 2006.
173
[COM143] Zagrebnov, V. Trotter-Kato Product Formula and Fractional Powers of Self-Adjoint Generators. Operator
Theory in Quantum Physics, Prague, 9-14 September 2006.
[COM144] Barbaroux, J-M. Cluster Decomposition Techniques in the Spectral Analysis of Pauli-Fierz Operator. Journées
annuelles de la Société Mathématique Allemande, Humboldt Universitat Berlin, 26-30 March 2007.
[COM145] Zagrebnov, V. Evolution Semigroups and Integration of Linear Evolution Equations. Modern Analysis and
Applicaions - Mark Krein Memorial Conference, Odessa University, Ukrain, 9-14 April 2007.
[COM146] Zagrebnov, V. Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Pair Hamiltonian Model. Meeting on Large Quantum
Systems, Warwick University, Coventry, 11-15 June 2007.
[COM147] Zagrebnov, V. Quasi-Sectorial Contractions. Analyse fonctionnelle et Harmonique, CIRM-Luminy,
[COM148] Barbaroux, J-M. Quantitative Results on the Ground State Energy and Open Problems on the Quantitative
Behavior of the Ground State Energy in Non-Relativistic QED and Beyond. Workshop Mathematical Horizons for
Quantum Physics, Singapore, 28 July – 21 Spetember 2008.
[COM149] Barbaroux, J-M. Energie de liaison pour l'atome d'hydrogène en QED non relativiste. Colloque "Systèmes
ouverts et hors équilibres", Université d'Orléans, France, 21-22 février 2008.
[COM150] Bentosela, F. Capacity Estimates for MIMO Systems. Congres ISABEL, Aalborg, Danemark, 25-28
October 2008.
[COM151] Duclos, P. Ness Via Adiabatic Switching of a Potential Bias. Mathematical Models for Transport in
Macroscopic and Mesoscopic Systems, WIAS-Berlin, 7-10 February 2008.
[COM152] Zagrebnov, V. The Effect of Time-Dependent Coupling on Non-Equilibrium Steady States. Mathematical
Models for Transport in Macroscopic and Mesoscopic Systems, WIAS-Berlin, 7-10 February 2008.
[COM153] Zagrebnov, V. Numerical Range and Quasi-Sectorial Contractions. Petit groupe de travail : théorie
spectrale des opérateurs et applications, CIRM Luminy, Marseille, France, 13-17 octobre 2008.
[COM154] Zagrebnov, V. Boson Gas with BCS Interaction. Atelier : systèmes quantiques à plusieurs corps et
condensation de Bose-Einstein, Centre de recherches mathématiques, Montréal, 29 septembre – 4 octobre 2008.
[COM155] Zagrebnov, V. Mean-Field Interacting Boson Random Point Processes in Weak (Harmonic) Trapps.
Mathematical aspects of transport in Mesoscopic Systems, DIAS-Dublin, 05-06 December 2008.
[COM156] Barbaroux, J-M. Spectral Properties for a Mathematical Model of the Weak Interaction : the Decay of the
Intermediate Vector Bosons W± I. Première rencontre de l'ANR HAM-MARK, Université Cergy-Pontoise, France,
17-19 novembre 2009.
[COM157] Barbaroux, J-M. Binding Energy for Hydrogen in NRQED. Conference ITER Hamiltonian Approaches
of ITER Physics, CIRM, Marseille, 2-6 novembre 2009.
[COM158] Barbaroux, J-M. Quantitative Estimates of the Binding Energy for the Hydrogen Atom in Nonrelativistic QED.
Journées "Systèmes quantiques infinis", Université Cergy-Pontoise, France, 8 juin 2009.
174
[COM159] Barbaroux, J-M. Quantitative Estimates of the Binding Energy for Hydrogen Atom in Nonrelativistic QED.
Colloque Mathematical Aspects of Quantum Field Theory, Bordeaux, France, 3-4 avril 2009.
[COM160] Barbaroux, J-M. Binding Energy for Systems of Electrons in Atoms Coupled to Radiation Fields. Journées
annuelles de la SMAI, La Colle sur Loup, France, 25-29 mai 2009.
[COM161] Bentosela, F. Can We Give a Simple Formula for the Capacity ? Congres COST 2010, Valencia, Espagne,
18-19 May 2009.
[COM162] Briet, P. Eigenvalue Asymptotics in Twisted Waveguides. International Conference Probabilistic and
Analytical methods in Mathematical Physics, Tsaghkadzor, Armenia, 7-14 September 2009.
[COM163] Briet, P. Spectral Properties in Twisted Waveguides. 30th Conference on Quantum Probability and Related
Topics, Santiago, Chili, 23-28 November 2009.
[COM164] Duclos, P. On the Current in Continous Systems with an Adiabatically Swiched-on Electrical Bias. Conférence
Internationale "Mathematical Aspects of Quantum Transport and Applicatios in Nanophysics", University De
Aalborg, Danemark, 10-13 August 2009.
[COM165] Panati, A. Spectral and Scattering Theory for an Abstract Class of QFT Hamiltonian. Rencontre du GdR de
"Dynamical quantique", Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, 7-9 septembre 2009.
[COM166] Zagrebnov, V. Boson Random Point Fields. International Conference : Probabilistic and Analytical
Methods in Mathematical Physics, Tsaghkadzor, Armenia, 7-14 September 2009.
[COM167] Asch, J. On the Dynamics Created by a Time Dependent Aharonov Bohm Flux. Semiclassical Analysis and
Mathematical Quantum Mechanics, Bologna, Italie, 9-12 March 2006.
[COM168] Pillet, C-A. Linear Response of Nonequilibrium Steady States for Open Quantum System. International
Congress on Mathematical Physics, Rio de Janeiro, 7-11 August 2006.
[COM169] Pillet, C-A. Linear Response for Thermally Driven Open Quantum Systems. Transport and Spectral
Problems in Quantum Mechanics - a Conference in Honour of Jean-Michel Combes, University de CergyPontoise, France, 3-6 septembre 2006.
[COM170] Pillet, C-A. Linear Response for Thermally Driven Open Quantum Systems. Current Status of Rigorous
Statistical Mechanics and Mathematical Quantum Field Theory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 4-9 September
2006.
[COM171] Combes, J.M.. Joint Mathematics and Physics Workshop on Quantum Few Body Systems, Aarhus
University, Danemark, 18-21 March 2007.
[COM172] Pillet, C-A.. Transport in Multi-Dimensional Random Schrödinger Operators, Mathematishes
Forchungsinstitut Oberwolfach, 4-10 March 2007.
[COM173] Pillet, C-A. Transport Properties of Quasifree Fermions. Mathematical Analysis of Quantum Systems,
Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies, 2-4 April 2007.
175
[COM174] Pillet, C-A. Open Quantum Systems out of Equilibrium. The Electron is Inexhaustible - a Conference in
Mathematical Physics on the Occasion of Jürg Fröhlich's 61st Birthday, ETH-Zürich, 2-6 July 2007.
[COM175] Pillet, C-A. Recent Developments in Nonequilibrium Quantum Statistical Mechanics. Quantum Dynamics out
of Equilibrium, Institut Henri Poincaré, Paris, France, 10-13 décembre 2007.
[COM176] Asch, J. On the Dynamics of a Hall System Driven by a Time Dependent Magnetic Flux Line. Stochastic
Analysis and Mathematical Physics, Universidad Pontificia, Santiago de Chile, 07 January 2008.
[COM177] Combes, J.M. Eigenvalue Statistics for Random Schröndinger Operators. Meccanica, Bologna , Italie, 27-30
August 2008.
[COM178] Combes, J.M. Eigenvalue Statistics for the Discrete and Continuous Anderson Model. Classical and Quantum
Transport in Presence of Disorder, Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge, UK, 15-19
December 2008.
[COM179] Pillet, C-A. C*-Dynamical Systems and Nonequilibrium Quantum Statistical Mechanics. Hyperbolic
Dynamical Systems, Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematical Physics, Vienna, 25 May – 6
July 2008.
[COM180] Pillet, C-A. A Pedestrian Introduction to Open Quantum Systems. Thematic School "Aspects of Quantum
Dynamics", LPMMC and Institute Fourier, 3-7 novembre 2008.
[COM181] Pillet, C-A. Spectral Analysis of a CP Map and Thermal Relaxation of a QED Cavity. Mathematical Aspects
of Transport in Mesoscopic Systems, Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies, 4-7 December 2008.
[COM182] Combes, J.M. Statistics of Eigenvalues for the Anderson Model. SMF-SMT Meeting, Djerba, Tunisia, 16-20
March 2009.
[COM183] Combes, J.M.. Random Schrödinger Operators, Banff International Research Station for
Mathematical Innovation and Discovery, 20-24 April 2009.
[COM184] Combes, J.M. Introduction to Spectral Statistics of Random Schrödinger Operators of Anderson Type. Thematic
School "Kochi School on Random Schrödinger Operators", Kochi University, Japan, 26-29 November 2009.
[COM185] Combes, J.M. Spectral Correlations for the Discrete Anderson Model. Spectra of Random Operators and
Related Topics, Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Kyoto, 2-4 December 2009.
[COM186] Pillet, C-A. Spectral Analysis of a CP Map and Thermal Relaxation of a QED Cavity. Resonances, CIRM,
Luminy, Marseille, France, 19-23 janvier 2009.
[COM187] Pillet, C-A. Spectral Analysis of a CP Map and Thermal Relaxation of a QED Cavity. Open Systems : NonEquilibrium Phenomena-Dissipation, Decoherence, Transport, ETH, Zürich, 8-12 June 2009.
[COM188] Pillet, C-A. Entropic Fluctuations in Classical and Quantum Statistical Mechanics. Première rencontre du
GDR Quantum Dynamics, Lyon, France, 7-9 septembre 2009.
[COM189] Pillet, C-A. Open Problems in Open Systems. Première rencontre de l'ANR Ham-Mark, Université
Cergy-Pontoise, France, 17-19 novembre 2009.
176
15. 7 AFF : Poster presentation at a national or international conference
E3 - Cosmology
[AFF001] Linden, S. ; Virey, J.-M. A Test of the CPL Parametrization for Rapid Dark Energy Transition. Proceedings
of 43 rd Rencontres de Moriond on Cosmology, La Thuile, Italie, 15-22 March 2008
15.8 OS : Scientific books (or chapters of scientific books)
[OS001] Prades, J. ; Rafael, E. de ; Vainshtein, A. Hadronic Light-by-Light Scattering Contribution to the Muon
Anomalous Magnetic Moment. "Lepton Dipole Moments : The Search for Physics Beyond the Standard Model"
World Scientific, 2009. hal-00374317
[OS002] Schücker, T. Non Commutative Geometry and the Standard Model. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics p.
509, Oxford Elsevier, 2006. hal-00002849
[OS003] Ogievetsky, O. ; Schechtman, V. Une intersection de quadriques liée à la suite de Sturm. Manin Festschrift,
Birkhäuser 2009. hal-00145245
E3 - Cosmology
[OS004] Virey, J.-M. Combinaison d'observables en cosmologie. School of Statistics (SOS08), Strasbourg
http://lpsc.in2p3.fr/atlas/lucott/1.CONF/book_sos2008.pdf, 2008.
[OS005] Rovelli, C. Loop Quantum Gravity. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics 3, 339, Elsevier, 2006. hal00477075
[OS006] Rovelli, C. Canonical General Relativity. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics 1, 412, Elsevier, 2006. hal00477074
[OS007] Rovelli, C. The Disappearance of Space and Time. The Ontology of Spacetime, Chapitre 2, Elsevier, 2006.
hal-00477077
[OS008] Rovelli, C. Quantum Gravity. Handbook of the Philosophy of Science 2, 1287, Elsevier, 2006. hal00477070
[OS009] Rovelli, C. Quantum Gravity. Scholarpedia, 3, 7117, 2008. hal-00281755
[OS010] Collins, J. ; Perez, A. ; Sudarsky, D. Lorentz Invariance Violation and its Role in Quantum Gravity
Phenomenology. Chapter in Approaches to Quantum Gravity : Towards a New Understanding of Space, Time and
Matter, p. 528, Edited by Daniele Oriti, Cambridge University Press, 2009. hal-00145195
177
[OS011] Perez, A. The Spin-Foam-Representation of LQG. Chapter in Approaches to Quantum Gravity : Towards a
New Understanding of Space, Time and Matter, p. 272 Edited by Daniele Oriti, Cambridge University Press,
2009. hal-00145257
[OS012] Rovelli, C. Unfinished Revolution. Chapter in Approaches to Quantum Gravity : Towards a New
Understanding of Space, Time and Matter, p. 3, Edited by Daniele Oriti, Cambridge University Press, 2009. hal00022543
[OS013] Rovelli, C. Forget Time. First Community Prize of the FQXi "The Nature of Time" 2009. hal-00371447
[OS014] Rovelli, C. Anaximandre de Milet, ou l'origine de la science. Dunod, 2009. hal-00477069
[OS015] Rovelli, C. Quantum Gravity. 455 p., Cambridge University Press (Edition chinoise), 2009. hal-00017397
[OS016] Valentini, A. De Broglie-Bohm Pilot-Wave Theory : Many-Worlds in Denial ? Many Worlds ? Everett,
Quantum Theory and Reality Oxford University Press, 2009. hal-00350521
[OS017] Shlosman, S. Large Deviations in Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics 3,
261, 2006. Elsevier
[OS018] Shlosman, S. Wulff Droplets. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics 5, 462, 2006. Elsevier
[OS019] Shlosman, S. Metastables States. Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics 3, 417, 2006. Elsevier
[OS020] Ioffe, D. ; Shlosman, S. Ising model fog drip : the first two droplets. Progress in Probability In : "In and Out
of Equilibrium 2, 60, 365, 2008. Birkhauser
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[OS021] Vaienti, S. Récurrence dans les systèmes dynamiques. Chaos et systèmes dynamiques : éléments pour une
épistémologie, Hermann, 2007.
[OS022] Vu, H. L. ; Troubetzkoy, S. ; Nguyen, V. Q. ; Russel, M. ; Mestecky, J. Absolute Quantification of Specific
Nucleic Acids by (RT)-PCR Using a Nonlinear Mathematical Model for Data Analysis. PCR Technology : Current
Innovations CRC Press, 2010.
[OS023] Chandre, C. ; Ciraolo, G. ; Vittot, M. Reduction of the chaotic transport of impurities in turbulent magnetized
plasmas. Recent Progress in Controlling Chaos, World Scientific, 2010. hal-00424256
[OS024] Chandre, C. ; Leoncini, X. Chaos, Complexity and Transport : Theory and Application. Preface. Chaos,
Complexity and Transport : Theory and Application 2010.
[OS025] Leoncini, X. Chapter 3 : Hamiltonian chaos and anomalous transport in two dimensional flows. Hamiltonian
chaos beyond the KAM theory - Dedication to George M. Zaslavsky (1935-2008) HEP and Springer, 2010.
178
[OS026] Briet, P. ; Germinet, F. ; Raikov, G. Spectral and Scattering Theory for Quantum Magnetic systems. Proceedings
of the International Conference held in CIRM-Luminy, Marseille, CO, July 7-11 2008. Contempory
Mathematics, 500, IX, American Mathematical Society, 2008.
[OS027] Asch, J. ; Joye, A. Mathematical Physics of Quantum Mechanics. Lecture Notes in Physics 690, Springer,
2006.
[OS028] Aschbacher, W. ; Jaksic, V. ; Pautrat, Y. ; Pillet, C.-A. Topics in Non-Equilibrium Quantum Statistical
Mechanics. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 1, 2006. hal-00005352
[OS029] Combes, J. M. ; Germinet, F. ; Hislop, P. D. On the Quantization of Hall Currents in Presence of Disorder.
Lecture Notes in Physics 690, Springer, 2006.
[OS030] Jaksic, V. ; Pillet, C.-A. On the Strict Positivity of Entropy Production. Adventures in Mathematical Physics Transport and Spectral Problems in Quantum Mechanics : a Conference in Honor of Jean-Michel Combes
Contemporary Mathematics 447, 153, 2006. hal-00122774
[OS031] Pillet, C.-A. Quantum Dynamical Systems. Open Quantum Systems I, 107, Springer, 2006. hal-00128867
[OS032] Pule, J. V. ; Verbeure, A. F. ; V. Zagrebnov. Bose-Einstein Condensation and Superradiance. Lecture Notes in
Physics 690, 259, Springer, 2006.
[OS033] Jaksic, V ; Kritchevski, E. ; Pillet, C.-A. Mathematical Theory of the Wigner-Weisskopf Atom. Large Coulomb
Systems Lecture Note in Physics 695, 145, Springer, 2007. hal-00009011
15.9 OV : Popularization books (or chapters of popularization books)
[OV001] Rovelli, C. Curse and Benediction of Speculative Theories. 3, 1, Spektrum Wiss, 2006. hal-00477078
[OV002] Rovelli, C. What is time ? What is space ?. 70 p., DiRenzo editore, Rome, 2006. hal-00477081
[OV003] Rovelli, C. Qu'est-ce que le temps ? Qu'est-ce que l'espace ? 120 p., Bernard Gilson, Bruxelles, 2006. hal00017401
[OV004] Rovelli, C. ; Smerlak, M. Le monde quantique : une question de perspective. La Recherche 418, 42, 2008. hal00362039
[OV005] Rovelli, C. Qu'est-ce que le temps ? La fin de nos certitudes newtoniennes. Lexiques de l'incertain 43, S.
Theodoru éd. / Parenthèses éd., 2008. hal-00477084
179
15.10 DO : Edition of books
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[DO001] Bressaud, X. ; Lacroix, Y. ; Liverani, C. ; Vaienti, S. Ergodic Theory and Non-Uniform Dynamical Systems.
Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems, 15, I, 2006.
[DO002] Attal, S. ; Joye, A. ; C-A Pillet. Open Quantum Systems I. Open Quantum Systems I, 1-312, Springer,
2006. hal-00128864
[DO003] Attal, S. ; Joye, A. ; C-A Pillet. Open Quantum Systems II. Open Quantum Systems II, 1-220, Springer,
2006. hal-00128865
[DO004] Attal, S. ; Joye, A. ; C-A Pillet. Open Quantum Systems III. Open Quantum Systems III, 1-292, Springer,
2006. 00128866
15.11 AP : Other production
[AP001] Chandre, C. ; Ciraolo, G. ; Lima, R. ; Vittot, M. Contrôle du chaos Hamiltonien et amélioration du confinement
dans les plasmas de fusion magnétique. Bulletin de la Frumam 6, 6, 2006. ccsd-00102384
15.12 PP : Preprints
[PP001] Hertzog, D. W. ; Miller, J. P. ; Rafael, E. de ; Roberts, B. L. ; Stockinger, D. The Physics Case for the New
Muon (g-2) Experiment. ArXiv:0705.4617, 2007.
[PP002] Bernicot, C. Reduction of One-Massless-Loop with Scalar Boxes in n+2 Dimensions. ArXiv:0903.1719. hal00480010
[PP003] Charles, J. ; Hocker, A. ; Lacker, H. ; Le Diberder, F. R. ; T'Jampens, S. Bayesian Statistics at Work : the
Troublesome Extractions of the CKM Phase Alpha. ArXiv:0607246. in2p3-00089413
[PP004] Charles, J. ; Hocker, A. ; Lacker, H. ; Le Diberder, F. R. ; T'Jampens, S. Reply to : Improved Determination
of the CKM Angle Alpha from B->pipi Decays. ArXiv:0703073. in2p3-00137418
[PP005] Coquereaux, R. ; Rais, R. ; Tahri, E. H. Exceptional Quantum Subgroups for the Rank Two Lie Algebras B2
and G2. A paraître, ArXiv : 1001.5416. hal-00451945
180
[PP006] Duval, C. Schwarzian Derivative and Numata Finsler Structures. Advances in Pure Applied Mathematics, A
paraître. ArXiv : 0802.2166. hal-00256294
[PP007] Grasseau, M. Jets, Frames, and their Cartan Geometry. ArXiv : math-ph/0603063. hal-00021276
[PP008] Iochum, B. ; Levy, C. Spectral Triples and Manifolds with Boundary. Journal of Functional Analysis, A
paraître. hal-00448475
[PP009] Iochum, B. ; Levy, C. Tadpoles and Commutative Spectral Triples. Journal of Noncommutative Geometry, A
paraître. ArXiv : 1001.3927. hal-00372626
[PP010] Isaev, A. P. ; Krivonos, S. O. ; Ogievetsky, O. BRST Charges for Finite Nonlinear Algebras. Elementary
Particles and Atomic Nuclei, A paraître. hal-00326307
[PP011] Jureit, J.-H. ; Krajewski, T. Quasi-Quantum Group from Kalb-Ramon Fields and Magnetic Amplitudes for Strings
on Orbifolds. ArXiv : hep-th/0612105. hal-00122772
[PP012] Khlopov, M. Y. ; Stephan, C. Composite Dark Matter with Invisible Light from Almost-Commutative Geometry.
ArXiv:astro-ph/0603187. hal-00133303
[PP013] Khoroshkin, S. ; Ogievetsky, O. Diagonal Reduction Algebras of gl Type. Functional Analysis and
Applications, A paraître. hal-00473354
[PP014] Krajewski, T. ; Martinetti, P. Wilsonian renormalization, differential equations anf Hopf algebras, Combinatorics
and Physics. MPIM, Bonn Combinatorics and Physics, A paraître. ArXiv : 0912.4055. hal-00326312
[PP015] Krajewski, T. ; Rivasseau, V. ; Vignes-Tourneret, F. Topological Graph Polynomials and Quantum Field Theory
Part II : Mehler Kernel Theories. hal-00444330
[PP016] Meinshausen, N. ; Rice, J. ; Schücker, T. Testing for Monotonicity in the Hubble Diagram.. ArXiv : astroph/0612556. hal-00122771
[PP017] Ogievetsky, O. ; Schechtman, V. Nombres de Bernoulli et une formule de Ramanujan. ArXiv:0711.1592. hal00473340
[PP018] Schücker, T. Lensing in an Interior Kottler Solution. General Relativity Gravity. ArXiv : 0903.2940. hal00369000
[PP019] Schücker, T. Strong Lensing with Positive Cosmological Constant. Moriond Proceedings "Cosmology 2008"
ArXiv:0805.1630. hal-00278396
[PP020] Schücker, T. 25 Years Ago : a Farewell to the Meter. ArXiv : 0810.3512. hal-00333424
[PP021] Schücker, T. Higgs Mass Predictions. ArXiv : 0708.3344. hal-00168497
E3 - Cosmology
[PP022] Bardelli, S. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Properties and Environment of Radio Emitting Galaxies in the
VLA-zCOSMOS Survey. Astrophysical Journal, A paraître.
181
[PP023] Bolzonella ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). Tracking the Impact of Environment on the Galaxy Stellar Mass
Function up to z 1 in the 10k zCOSMOS sample. Astronomy & Astrophysics, A paraître. hal-00402199
[PP024] Bongiorno, A. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The [OIII] Emission Line Luminosity Function of Optically
Selected Type-2 AGN from zCOSMOS. Astrophysical Journal, A paraître.
[PP025] Cucciati, O. ; Marinoni, C. ; et al. The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : the Group Catalogue. Astrophysical
Journal, A paraître.
[PP026] De La Torre, S. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The zCOSMOS-Bright Survey : the Clustering of Galaxy
Morphological Types Since z~1. Astrophysical Journal, A paraître.
[PP027] Ilbert, O. ; Cucciati, O. ; Marinoni, C. ; [VVDS] ; et al. The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey : Evidence for
Environment-Dependent Galaxy Luminosity Function up to z=1.5. Astronomy & Astrophysics, A paraître. hal00082537
[PP028] Kovac, K. ; Porciani, C. ; Lilly, S. ; Marinoni, C. ; [zCOSMOS] ; et al. The Nonlinear Biasing of the 10k
zCOSMOS Galaxies up to z 1. Astrophysical Journal, A paraître.
[PP029] Kovac, K. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). The 10k zCOSMOS : Morphological Transformation of Galaxies in
the Group Environment Since z~1. Astrophysical Journal, A paraître. hal-00421830
[PP030] Pozzetti, L. ; [zCOSMOS] ; (Marinoni, C.). zCOSMOS - 10k-Bright Spectroscopic Sample. The Bimodality in
the Galaxy Stellar Mass Function : Exploring its Evolution with Redshift. Astronomy & Astrophysics, A paraître. hal00421833
[PP031] Alesci, E. ; Bianchi, E. ; Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. Asymptotics of LQG Fusion Coefficients. Nuclear Physics
B, A paraître. hal-00326462
[PP032] Alesci, E. ; Bianchi, E. ; Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. Asymptotics of LQG Fusion Coefficients. ArXiv:0809.3718.
hal-00326462
[PP033] Barrett, J. W. ; Dowdall, R. J. ; Fairbairn, W. J. ; Hellemann, F. Pereira, R. Lorentzian Spin Foam
Amplitudes : Graphical Calculus and Asymptotics. ArXiv:0907.2440. hal-00421823
[PP034] Bianchi, E. ; Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. Coherent Spin-Networks. ArXiv:0912.4054. hal-00471464
[PP035] Bianchi, E. Loop Quantum Gravity a la Aharonov-Bohm. ArXiv:0907.4388. hal-00421824
[PP036] Bonzom, V. ; Livine, E. R. ; Speziale, S. Recurrence Relations for Spin Foam Vertices. ArXiv:0911.2204. hal00433390
[PP037] Ding, Y. ; Rovelli, C. The Volume Operator in Covariant Quantum Gravity. ArXiv:0911.0543. hal-00432197
[PP038] Engle, J. ; Perez, A. ; Noui, K. Black Hole Entropy and SU(2) Chern-Simons Theory. ArXiv:0905.3168. hal00391827
182
[PP039] Engle, J. ; Han, M. ; Thiemann, T. Canonical Path Integral Measures for Holst and Plebanski Gravity. I. Reduced
Phase Space Derivation. ArXiv:0911.3433. hal-00477182
[PP040] Freidel, L. ; Speziale, S. Twisted Geometries : A Geometric Parametrisation of SU(2) Phase Space.
ArXiv:1001.2748. hal-00447869
[PP041] Liu, L. ; Montesinos, M. ; Perez, A. A Topological Limit of Gravity Admitting an SU(2) Connection
Formulation. ArXiv:0906.4524. hal-00400823
[PP042] Magliaro, E. ; Perini, C. ; Modesto, L. Fractal Space-Time from Space-Foams. ArXiv:0911.0437. hal00471469
[PP043] Marciano, A. ; Amelino-Camelia, G. ; Rossano Bruno, N. ; Gubitosi, G. ; Mandanici, G. ; Melchiorri,
A. Interplay Between Curvature and Planck-Scale Effects in Astrophysics and Cosmology. hal-00477223
[PP044] Perez, A. ; Pranzetti, D. On the Regularization of the Constraints Algebra of Quantum Gravity in 2+1
Dimensions with Non-Vanishing Cosmological Constant. ArXiv:1001.3292. hal-00448639
[PP045] Rovelli, C. Comment on 'Are the Spectra of Geometrical Operators in Loop Quantum Gravity Really Discrete ?' by
B. Dittrich and T. Thiemann. Classical and Quantum Gravity. hal-00167620
[PP046] Rovelli, C. A Note on DSR. Classical and Quantum Gravity. hal-00326436
[PP047] Smolin, L. ; Speziale, S. A Note on the Plebanski Action with Cosmological Constant and an Immirzi Parameter.
ArXiv:0908.3388. hal-00410871
[PP048] Valentini, A. De Broglie-Bohm Prediction of Quantum Violations for Cosmological Super-Hubble Modes.
ArXiv:0804.4656. hal-00284935
[PP049] Valentini, A. Inflationnary Cosmology as a Probe of Primordial Quantum Mechanics. Physical Review D, A
[PP050] Bellissard, J. ; Radin, C. ; Shlosman, S. The characterization of ground states. Journal of Physics A, A
[PP051] Rybko, A. N. ; Shlosman, S. ; Vladimirov, A. Absence of Breakdown of the Poisson Hypothesis I. Closed
Networks at Low Load. Markov Processes and Related Fields, A paraître. hal-00350517
E6 - Nanophysics
[PP052] Chevallier, D. ; Jonckheere, T. ; Paladino, E. ; Falci, G. ; Martin, T. Detection of Finite Frequency PhotoAssisted Shot Noise with a Resonant Circuit. Physical Review B, A paraître. hal-00446431
[PP053] Devillard, P. ; Crépieux, A. Noise in Superconductor-Quantum Dot-Normal Metal Structures in the Kondo Regime.
Physical Review Letters, A paraître. hal-00440732
183
E7 - Ergodic Theory
[PP054] Bundfuss, S. ; Krueger, T. ; Troubetzkoy, S. Topological and Symbolic Dynamics for Hyperbolic Systems with
Holes. Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems, A paraître. hal-00477064
[PP055] Hubert, P. ; Lanneau, E. ; Möller, M. GL(2,R)-Orbit Closures Via Topological Splittings. Surveys in
Differential Geometry, A paraître.
[PP056] Hubert, P. ; Lanneau, E. ; Möller, M. Completely Periodic Directions and Orbit Closures of Many Pseudo-Anosov
Teichmller Discs. Mathematische Annalen, A paraître.
[PP057] Lanneau, E. Pseudo-Anosov Without Negative Index Fixed Points in Genus Two. Contemporary Mathematics,
A paraître.
[PP058] Mantica, G. ; Vaienti, S. On the Statistical Distribution of First-Return Times of Balls and Cylinders in Chaotic
Systems. International Journal of Bifurcations and Chaos, A paraître. hal-00476239
[PP059] Marie, P. ; Rousseau, J. Recurrence for Random Dynamical Systems. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical
Systems, A paraître.
[PP060] Troubetzkoy, S. Periodic Billiard Orbits in Right Triangles II. Annales de l'Institut Fourier, A paraître. hal00005014
[PP061] Turchetti, G. ; Vaienti, S. ; Zanlungo, F. Asymptotic Distribution of Global Errors in the Numerical
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