AMSDP Key Players Exploratory Workshop on
Transcription
AMSDP Key Players Exploratory Workshop on
- AMSDP Key Players Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages June 8 th to 10 th 2005 Arusha International Conference Center Arusha Tanzania Proceedings prepared by: Clive Lightfoot, Anne Dennig and Jonathan Cook International Support Group (ISG) http ://www.isglink .o rg First Mile Project with Agricultural Marketing Systems Development Programme. (AMSDP). Tanzania PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages WORKSHOP OBJECTIVES The objectives of this workshop are for the participants of the AMSDP programme to understand the different challenges people face in marketing and explore future visions of improved market linkages. Participants will also explore the concept of linked local learning and the communication required for linking learners. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 1 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Programme – Wednesday 8th June Time 9.00 9.30 10.00 11.00 11.30 12.30 14.00 Activity General welcome Opening Speech Workshop objectives and programme Participant introduction, Group formation and group task Identifying Current Challenges in Marketing Reflection on current marketing challenges Presentation of LISSA case study of market linkages 14.30 Group formation and group task 15.00 Identifying on future visions for improved market linkages 16.00 16.30 17.30 Reflection on future visions Organization Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Speaker: District Com. Presenter: CL Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Facilitator: CL Group work Facilitator: CL, AD Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Facilitators. CL Plenary session Chair AMSDP Presenter: CL Plenary session Chair AMSDP Facilitator: CL Group work Facilitator: CL, AD Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Facilitators: CL Materials Workshop Kits Handouts Workshop objectives & programme Learning objectives Seed game Name tags (Stakeholder groups by farmers, processors, transporters, traders, service providers, local govt/AMSDP programme) Instructions 1 Challenges in Marketing Flip charts, cards, pens Tea break Mind map on flip charts, pens, tape. To understand peoples different perspectives on current challenges in marketing Lunch Break Handout LISSA story Slide show LISSA Story (projector) Energizer Instructions 2 Future Visions Flip charts, pens To gain a common understanding on marketing challenges To understand the concept of marketing chains (Mixed groups of all stakeholders) To understand peoples future vision of improved market linkages Tea break (group photo) Flip charts, tape To gain a common understanding on peoples future vision of improved market linkages AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 2 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Programme Thursday 9th June Time 8.00 Activity Workshop programme for day 2 Presentation of Learning Cycle for Market Linkages 8.30 Group formation and group task 9.00 Identifying practical ideas to try out and partners 10.30 11.00 Reflection on ideas to try out Organization Plenary session Chair. AMSDP Facilitator: CL Presenter. AD Plenary session Chair. AMSDP Facilitator: CL Group work Facilitators: CL, AD Plenary poster session Chair AMSDP Facilitator: :CL 12.30 14.00 Operating learning in AMSDP Plenary session Chair AMSDP Facilitator: CL 15.00 Group formation and group task 15.30 Getting organized for learning Plenary session Chair AMSDP Facilitator: CL Group work Facilitator. CL, AD 16.00 16.30 17.00 Presentation of organization for linking local learners Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Presenter. CL Materials Workshop programme, Handout LISSA Learning Cycle Slide show LISSA Learning Cycle (projector) Energizer Instruction 3 Practical ideas Learning objectives To understand the practical application of an action learning process to market linkages. To identifying practical ideas each stakeholder can do to move towards their common future vision of improved market linkages (Mixed groups of all stakeholders) Flip chart, pens Tea break Colour stickers, tape To gain a common agreement on key ideas for learning Lunch Break Slides Learning Cycle (projector) To understand what is involved in the action learning cycle Handout Action Learning Cycle Handout Negotiating Partnerships Instruction 4 Partnership building (Mixed groups of all stakeholders) Energizer Instruction 5 Organise learning group Flip charts, pens To understand how to organize a learning group Tea break Handout Sharing experiences Slide show Sharing experiences (projector) AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg To understand the concept of sharing experiences between learning groups forming a local learning network Page 3 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Programme Friday 10th June Time 8.00 8.30 9.30 10.30 11.00 12.30 14.00 15.00 15.30 Activity Workshop programme for day 2 Presentation of Communications challenges Exploring current communication methods and improvements Organization Plenary session Chair. AMSDP Presenter. JC Group work Facilitator. JC, AD Materials Workshop programme, Handout Communications for learning Instructions 6 Communication within groups Reflection on action to improve communications Plenary session Chair. AMSDP Facilitator. JC Pens, flip charts, cards Identify ways for learning groups to communicate with each other. Plenary session Chair. AMSDP Facilitator. JC Reflection on action to improve communications between groups Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Facilitator. CL Plenary session Chair: AMSDP Facilitator. AD Identifying next steps, Workshop evaluation and closing Tea break Instructions 7 Communication between groups Flip chart, pens, cards Lunch Break Pens, flip chart, tape Evaluation sheet Learning objectives To understand the communication challenges facing local multistakeholder learning groups To understand current communication methods and what is needed to improve them To identify ways in which learning groups can communicate with each other including using email and internet To identify next steps for the AMSDP program to prepare for training in peer-to-peer action learning process Tea break and Departure AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 4 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Opening Speech by Arumeru District Commissioner, Hon. Elias Wawa Lali Distinguished guests, our Facilitators, Programme Co-ordinator, Workshop participants, Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me at the first place extend my gratitude to the Programme Co-ordinator for giving me the honour to officiate at an opening ceremony of this workshop. I would also like to extend my gratitude to workshop participants for leaving aside your important schedules to take part in this workshop. As stakeholders, your participation will improve your efficiency in implementing various activities of the Programme, particularly in promoting marketing systems, participation and the way marketing systems operates for our farmers and rural small and medium entrepreneurs. Agricultural Marketing Systems Development Programme (AMSDP) was deliberately established to do away with various impediments existing in agricultural marketing systems. Among these numeral impediments include ignorance and insufficient participation of agricultural crops producers, poor infrastructures, insufficient experience in the private sector and lack of capital. The AMSDP long-term goal is to raise income and food security amongst smallholder farmers in areas covered by the Programme. The medium-term goal is to improve the structure, trend and performance of the country’s crops marketing systems. The Programme specific objectives are: i. To build the capacity of smallholder farmers in a bid to boost agricultural crops production and productivity, and ii. To boost the number of agricultural crops medium-scale and small-scale traders interacting with smallholder farmers and their rural counterparts. Dear workshop participants, the Programme activities will be implemented through four components as follows: i. Agricultural Marketing Policy Development component devises policy; laws, rules and regulations; improves market information and conducts analyses and enforcement of the policy right from the local government to the national level. ii. Producer Empowerment and Market Linkages component empowers smallholder farmers and agricultural crops processors/small-scale traders’ groups. iii. Financial Market Support Services component enables smallholder farmers with their agricultural crops stored in warehouses and agricultural crops processors/small-scale traders to secure loans. iv. Rural Marketing Infrastructure component develops infrastructures for agricultural crops markets. This seven year (2003 – 2009) long Programme will be implemented in two phases in the Southern Zone involving Iringa, Mbeya, Ruvuma and Rukwa regions and in the Northern Zone involving Kilimanjaro, Tanga, Arusha and Manyara regions. This workshop is an important part of the AMSDP strategies, as it aims at providing agricultural crops producers with entrepreneurial skills and at networking them with markets for their crops. Am informed that the workshop has attracted stakeholders from both, Southern and Northern Zones, mostly being smallholder farmers, entrepreneurs, facilitating agencies, district council experts, the Tanzania Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture (TCCIA), network of farmers groups, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Economic and Social Research Foundation (ESRF), the Ministry of Co-operatives and Marketing and AMSDP. Dear workshop participants, with us today are our distinguished guests from International Support Group (ISG), who are to join forces with AMSDP in making this important workshop a success. Dear workshop participants, am convinced that the workshop has been timely organized, as availability of information and markets themselves is of paramount importance during this globalization era than ever. I am also informed that this workshop’s main objective is to identify the existing marketing systems situation and devising participatory strategies of improving the situation. I would, therefore, like to take this opportunity to urge to be extra careful in your deliberations and to devise an action plan that can be implemented so that the Programme goals are achieved as envisaged. With these few words, I would now like to officially announce that this workshop has been officially opened. Thank you for your attention. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 5 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Perspective on Current Marketing Challenges Organized into groups by key player types – producers, processors, traders, partner agencies, market monitors and AMSDP focal persons their task was to identify all the major challenges faced by the participants in marketing. Important areas of marketing could include: processing, consumers, finance, policy and regulations, production, storage, information, transport, security, market places, prices, traders and buyers. Process 1. Before starting the discussion group members chose someone to chair their discussion, someone to write their ideas on paper and another person to present the ideas. 2. Discussion started by writing the main discussion topic: existing marketing situation, in the centre of the paper using a landscape format. 3. Then members determined what main areas of marketing the group wanted to discuss. As they decided on each main area they wrote it next to the main topic and linked each area with a line to the main topic box. 4. Once all the main areas were written down, the group went back and discussed the challenges they faced in each area writing down each challenge identified in a ring around the relevant part and linking each challenge with a line to the relevant part. 5. The group repeated step four until all the challenges were identified. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 6 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Producers’ Perspective on Current Marketing Challenges High interest rates 30% Lack of credit institutions Poor roads Free market lower price Not united in sale negotiation No contact with buyer Buyer determines price High cost of hire Low quality oversupply Vehicles not available Prices Capital No standard units Transportation Inadequate skills on new techniques Crop Quality Weight measures Storage Producers’ Marketing Challenges High input prices Poor facilities Late payment for crops Middleman Lack of capital to buy inputs or knowledge Packaging Farmer does not know cost of Production Unlicensed middlemen Communication Lack on knowledge and skills Not united No price information Poor transport AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Lack of capital for materials Page 7 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Partner Agencies’ Perspectives on Existing Marketing Challenges Expectations from group members Mistrust Poor storage facilities Poor roads Post harvest handling Poor market places Informal activities Inadequate transparency Infrastructure Interference with politics Lack of clear boundary among PA and TCCIA roles Lack and unreliable information No national policy for markets Producers Price control un-realistic Partner Agencies Marketing Challenges Market information Lack of continuity of PA activities Production Poot sharing information among groups Coverage and outreach Price control Processors & Traders Difficult to organise them into groups Lack of Coordination among PA&TCCIA Low quality Low Production Poor Packaging AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 8 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages AMSDP Focal Persons’ and Market Monitors’ Perspective on Marketing Challenges Low prices Illegal measures Lack of processing facilities Price fluctuations Transport for producers Policy (trade liberalization Prices Unreliable Market information Trading and packaging Processing No processing knowledge Poor roads Focal Person, Market Monitor Marketing Challenges Lack of warehouses Infrastructure Lack of market places/structure Multisectoral involvement Agriculture, Cooperatives, Trade, Market research Poor access to loans Communication Finance Lack of Credibility Lack of transport facilities for market monitors Production Few alternative crops Lack of information - radio, mobile phone, Low quality AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Blind production (no farmer organization Page 9 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Processors’ and Traders’ Perspectives on Marketing Challenges Unreliable information Producers produce without knowing who is going to pay No orders Storage and reliable stands Poor packaging due to high price of packaging materials Marketing channels – no information distribution Market Place Market Information Quality Standards and imports Preservation Facilities Lack of buyers Buyers Dictate Price Low capacity utilization Low Demand Scheduling Buyers need the produce when the producers don’t need and vice versa Processors & Traders Marketing Challenges Price below production cost Producers lack of negotiation ability Transport charges Access to finance Makes producers/traders take advantage of marketing opportunities in other places Cooperation It makes the process and traders to fail to get quick money to process the order. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Trader fails to fulfill big constraint Page 10 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Future Vision for Improved Market Linkages Organized into five groups mixing types of key players their task was to imagine improvements that will overcome the challenges they faced in marketing. Important improvements included better linkages between key players in the marketing chain from producers to consumers. Process 1. Before starting the discussion group members chose someone to chair their discussion, someone to write their ideas on paper and another person to present the ideas. 2. Using the diagram developed in the group work the group identified the marketing areas and challenges they wanted to improve in future. 3. They then discussed ways in which the challenge could be overcome or a better way of working could be tried writing down each future improvement on a card and noting the key players who should be involved in making the improvement. 4. They repeated step three until all the challenges were covered. 5. The group prepared a table showing the marketing area, challenge, future vision and who was involved in making the improvement AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 11 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Group One Outputs Marketing Area Current Challenges Market Information Farmers depend on traders for price information Farmers bargaining power is low Inaccurate and untimely price information Marketable produce (new crops) Stake holder coordination and collaboration Inadequate communication among stakeholders Conflicting interests The farmer is always the looser Future Vision Farmers use formal sources eg. Radio, T.V. newspapers, mobile phones. Farmers organise themselves to seek for information e.g. “spy farmers” “Mkulima ShuShu” e.g. Mbeya. Create market places and special days Use of reliable information sources e.g. radio, phones Produce prices to be collected and be issued frequently training of farmers to accept the concept of alternative crops Better communication Better relationship Shared interests Everybody should benefit in the end Regulated market (free but regulated market) Key Players Group market committee, Ministry of Coop & Marketing. Market Monitors, Farmers, PA, Agricultural extension Officers Farmers, processors, traders, producers and consumers, Government Crop Boards, TCCIA Group Two Outputs Marketing Area Current Challenges Future Vision Key Players Market information Unreliable market information Infrastructures Poor roads Poor storage facilities Provision of market information centres (villages districts and regions) Market studies and survey Transport facilities Construction and rehabilitation of roads Mobilization of communities to maintain their roads Constructions and rehabilitation of storage facilities Poor market places Construction and rehabilitation of market places Market monitors, Producers, processors, NGO’s (Private Companies, MCM, WEO Government District Councils Donors Villages Government (AMSDP), District Councils, Donor, Villagers Government AMSDP, District Councils, Donors, Villagers. Group Three Outputs Marketing area Present challenges Future vision Key Players Maize quality Poor quality of the maize Maize producers, Business people at all levels. Processors Extension officers. Marketing information No reliable communication Improve the quality of maize Information on the maize quality that is required in the market. Knowledge on maize production improvement Grading the maize. Establish information networking on marketing information through phones, radio, websites. Simu, Redio, Tovuti, Runing Publicity Lack of publicity AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Maize producers, Business people at all levels, TCCIA, Processors Maize producers, Business people at all levels, Processors, TCCIA. Page 12 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Group Four Outputs Marketing Area Low Price Current Challenges Buyers dictate prices Poor quality Lack of Buyers Lack of Processing Plants/Factories) facilities Future Vision Prepare production costs and profit make up Discussion with buyers Crop Storage facilities Past Savings (to be able to meet other necessary expenditures) Unit of farmers/processor (producers) one voice Improved hybrid Crop husbandry, Land preparation, Plauline – spacing, Weeding, Harvesting, Handling etc. Storage facilities (traditional) Contract farming Networking and Market information Establish small scale processing facilities e.g. Drying Key Players Farmers/Producer, TCCIA/PA/Focal Person, Buyers, AMSDP Farmers, Extension Officer Farmer, PA/TCCIA, Groups (Producer) Farmer, Producer Groups Group Five Outputs Marketing Area Current Challenges Finance Lack of rural based financial services Poor knowledge in credit management Access to capital Market Information Poor information reliability, timing, validity Inadequate market information facilities Quality Control Licensing of Brokers Poor Access to Finance Crop sanitation Grading Packaging Processing Operating without licence Credit Facility Institutions – Not available in some places Future Vision Promote rural based financial institutions (SACCOS) Conduct appropriate training, Awareness on the need Linkages, Networking with appropriate donor, financial institutions, Financial Services Programme Identification of market information centre Formation of Market research committee in each centre Linkage with District price monitor Networking within the outside area Promotion of use of already available marketing facilities e.g. Radio, Newspapers, Internet at Regional and District Level, mobile phones. Promote use of market information windows (Bill bounds) Capacity building Linkages Networking Establish legal frame works by laws for control the Brokers/middlemen Introduce fees/licence Savings and Credit Schemes Engage in Low Cost undertaking (Alternative Crops) AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Key Players PA, RFSP, District Council, Financial Institutions, PA, District Council, Financial NGOs, SELF Project, SIDO, PRIDE, SEDA PA, District Council, TCCIA, BDS, MC&M, Media Producers, Traders and Processors. PA, District Council, TCCIA, Producers, Traders, Processors, Media, Development Partners in the areas, IWATA PA, District Council, Research Station, Agriculture Training Institute, MAFS, Process, Producers, Traders Development Agencies TCCIA PA, District Council, TCCIA, Producers, Processors, Traders. Producer groups Page 13 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Linking Maasai Cattle Producers and Slum Consumers in Fair Trade This is the story of how farmers got together with a meat processor and formed a livestock stakeholder self help association that links Maasai cattle producers with meat processors, vendors and consumers to bring fair trade practice to all. Michael Kibue. LISSA. Kenya. October 2002. <bahatimeat@yahoo.com> It is sunset at Suswa Livestock Market in Kenya. A group of Maasai pastoralists are still seated in the open market. They are in deep discussion and very desperate. The city businessman who took their livestock on credit did not appear. It is the third market day yet no sight or promissory word. The cattle belongs to our community what shall we do? is the painful question that the pastoralists cannot answer. Production without access to market is the real agony of beef livestock farmers in Kenya. It has frustrated the producers and created opportunity for excessive exploitation. It is the real barrier to generate incomes for poverty alleviation. With advent of economic reforms and trade liberalization the Government closed down its livestock marketing services and the only processing plant. Inevitably, the beef industry fell into hands of private sector middlemen. This change has resulted in unfair trade, disorganized marketing systems, and has locked the industries enormous potential for social and economic development. At risk is livelihoods of poor pastoralist farmers and public health of meat consumers. However, re-vitalizing the beef industry for poverty alleviation and sustenance of livelihoods is a key priority of our government and donors. Massive resources have been spent but achieving very little. We farmers cannot but feel very desperate and powerless in the face of unfair trade, disorganized livestock marketing systems, poor consumers, low incomes of producers, and drought. Low returns rendered our investment fragile while lack of knowledge and training led to low incomes and resource wastage. How to make meat affordable to the poor hence open our greatest meat market is our challenge. Nothing can make life more promising to poor livestock farmers than guaranteed market and fair price for their livestock. Yet very few organizations if any have the courage to undertake the risk to help the poor farmers face this challenge. We farmers and Bahati meat processor took courage and resolved to empower ourselves to face this challenge. Against our expectation our tasks became identifying stakeholders and their market needs, creating linkages between the producer and the buyer, building capacity for processing and product development, exchanging information and brokering among all players. We use participatory learning to manage the complex changes. We organized a multistakeholder learning workshop that was well attended. We posed these critical empowerment questions: Where are we now? Where do want to be? How shall we get there? We all agreed that now we have a disorganized livestock marketing systems, unfair trade practices that marginalize the Maasai, poor meat quality and unhygienic meat production, environmental pollution from slaughter houses and degraded rangelands for cattle. What we want to see in future is: increased trade volume from new market opportunities; fair trade among all parties including price discovery and better pricing mechanisms; empowerment of farmers to manage change and conserved natural rangelands; hygienic meat processing; higher quality meat and consumer satisfaction. We proposed to get there through partnership and co-operation between key stakeholders. We formed the Livestock Stakeholders Self-help association (LISSA) to bring together pastoralists, traders, Bahati abattoir, butchers and vendors who sell meat in shops and directly to consumers in slum areas to ensure fair trade practice for all concerned. LISSA works because it integrates fair trade practices with a multi-stakeholder learning process that empowers all stakeholders to achieve superior communication, innovation and responsiveness to changes affecting the industry while bringing higher benefits to all. Our learning process is a powerful rethinking tool that transforms our problems into challenges. It demonstrates the mutual benefit of communication and information exchange both vertically to higher levels of government and industry and horizontally to peers in livestock production and meat processing. For LISSA members learning is a contact sport of continuous engagement through meetings, individual communications, and information exchange. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 14 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 15 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Practical Ideas for Action to Realize Future Visions Using their table of future visions the five groups of mixed key players identified ideas for practical action that the key players could take to realise their future vision. It is important that these ideas for actions were realistic and could be implemented by the key players without additional resources. Process 1. Before starting the discussion group members chose someone to chair their discussion, someone to write their ideas on paper and another person to present the ideas. 2. Using the table of future visions group members identified the critical future visions they wanted to act on immediately. 3. The group then brainstormed practical and realistic ideas that the key players involved could implement to realise the vision identified writing each idea on a separate card. 4. Brainstorming continued until all critical future visions were covered. 5. The group prepared a table of the future vision, ideas for practical action, and the key players carrying out the action. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 16 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Group One Outputs Future Vision Higher paddy rice production Better price for rice Practical Ideas to Try Out Increase production by training farmers modern agronomic skills: Weeding, Fertilizer application,Pesticide application, Harvesting and Post harvesting technique Access to loan through: formation of SACCOS, linkage to financial institutions i.e CRDB, Exim Bank, Non financial institutions such as NGO and Trust Funds Access to fertile land and availability of water through introduction to irrigation facilities through improvement of traditional irrigation system and Rain harvesting Land : Farmers should shift to areas with available land i.e. Handeni, Karatu, Turiani High price for paddy through use of improved and high yielding varieties i.e super kahogo Better package by labeling according to market requirement Trading and sorting according to market demand Agricultural exhibition either local or international Farmers should be trained the practice of cost benefit analysis (CBA) before starting production Train farmers on negotiation and bargaining power Key Players Farmers Extension Officer Farmers, Financial Institution staff to disseminate education on loans and financial management, Pas, Cooperative Officers Farmers, Irrigation technicians, Farmers, Government authorities Farmers, Irrigation technicians Farmers, Extension Officer, Research Institutes Farmers, trader and processors Farmers, trader and processors All of them Farmers, PA, World Vision, Faida Mali. Farmers, PAs, World Vision, Faida Mali Group Two Outputs Future Vision MILK To raise the price of milk from the present 200/= per ltr Raise livestock keepers income SUNFLOWER Reliable market. Impoved infrastructure. Practical Ideas to Try Out Formation of milk productioh groups/CBO’s,Societies CONE SOCIETY Production costs per ltrs-costing analysis. Establish milk marketing frame Arrange multstake holders workshop/meeting on pricing and set agreement/contract. Set agreement/contract Provide knowledge on processing. Formation of farmer groups Availability of improved sunflower seeds that yield highly. Both quality and quantity. Knowledge on the crop husbandry/management Mobilization on improving the road.-(Nguvu kazi) AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Key Players Livestock keepers,Co-op officer,Extension officers,Leaders,group leaders,TCCIA, for farmers and processors. Farmers,Co-op officer,Agriculture department,Group members,Extension officers,village leaders Page 17 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Group Three Outputs Future Vision Ensure and Updating Rice Crop Pricing Information. Achieve Better Price of Rice Crop through Storage – and Sale During Peak Price. Practical Ideas to Try Out Formation of rice crop production groups/societies at different levels say village,wards etc. Regular meeting on exchanging informationsI Use of he already existing group net-working-MVIWATA on information exchange. The use of MKULIMA SHUSHU . Use of notce boards Use and listening radio news. Knowldge on rice crop storage Provision of crop storage go-downs. Knowledge on price negotiation. Knowledge on analyzing and keeping records on production costs Key Players Producers,Farmers, Market Monitors, Pas, District council (CDO, Afisa Ushirika), TCCIA, MVIWATA AMSDP, Famersi, Pas, District councils. Group Four Outputs Future vision Reliable timely and accurate Market Information systems for Rice Practical Ideas to Try Out To identify and facilitate Market informers, Transport facilities/fare, Mobile phones, Radios/News papers bulleting Group marketing of rice and specific days and places Solist information from various sources/market networks e.g MVIWATA MCM/Market Monitors, TCCIA Establish price market boards at trading centres Announcement of Prices on various gatherings e.g churches, mosques etc. Group Revolving fund contributions from members Formation of savings and credit schemes/SACCOS including trainings in Record Keeping, Bank Accounting, Credit and Financial Key Players Farmers, Processors, Traders Producers, Processors, Community leaders Producers, Processors, Traders, Religious leaders Market officers, Community leaders Producers, Processors, Traders, Religious leaders Processors, Traders Producers, other S. H. Group Five Outputs Future vision New market for Pepper found Practical Ideas to Try Out Identifying key players in market chain including final consumer to be known, Suppliers to consumer, Importer/Distributor, Exporter, Buyer/Trader (domestic), Producer/farmer Knowing each stakeholders requirement in terms of Quantity, Quality, Price, Delivery terms – time , transport, Packaging Stakeholders meeting/contract for Agreement on what each stakeholder will consider as a fair trade Contract signed – in this case each stakeholder should have legal status i.e. Producer should be in groups – Registered Traders should be registered. Producers to join contact local business association (ie. TCCIA) which will lias to sister Organisation in the Importers Country for Reliability of the Importer AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Key Players Producer representative from the Workshop will introduce the idea to the Producer Group Mkulima shughu TCCIA Page 18 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Organizing a Local Learning Group Organized into seven group by district from northern and southern zones their task was to organise themselves into a local learning group for their district to implement the five steps of the action learning cycle (1.Preparation; 2.Ideas; 3.Action; 4.Results; 5.Reflection) and share their learning with other learning groups. Important things to consider were the learning group’s objectives, members, functions, meeting schedules and venues. Process 1. Before starting the discussion group members chose someone to chair their discussion, someone to write their ideas on paper and another person to present the ideas. 2. The group first discussed and developed the objectives of their learning group at the district level. 3. They then went on to identify the members of the learning group. 4. The group identified the functions needed within the group (including: chair, secretary, documenter and information broker) and described what each person would do. 5. Lastly the group developed a schedule for meetings: When and where will the group would meet and how frequently. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 19 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Muheza District Learning Group Promoting exchange of market information on milk and orange products (price, quality and quantity improvement issues) Sensitization of producer organizations/groups to form SACCOS Identify alternative milk buyers/consumers Promote value addition activities through domestic milk processing Ensure a close monitoring system of market price to take advantage of early and later seasonal price Steve. S. Steve, Pius Mtangi, Laurent Kaburire Orange growers these are 2 producer group: BOFACOS and MOFACOS Other stakeholders: Trainers on market linkage issues, TCCIA, PA’s, DFP, MUWAMU, DAIPESA, AMSDP – Northern Zone Milk producers: CHAWAMU, UWAMLI, MADAFCO, JANGA FRESH, TDCU, OLE (TRADER), BACRESSA, PAS, TCCIA, DFP, AMSDP Responsible person PA’s to call the group meeting and facilitate the discussion, linkage and organizational structure All of the above mentioned for sharing of experiences and stories. Orange crop – The meeting will be held on 13th /07/ 2005 Milk product: The meeting will be held on 14th/07/2005 Songea District Learning Group Organise key group farmers to learn on Pigion Peas production at commercial levels as an alternative crop John Bosco Sief, Job Elisuhi, Mushi, Arry Mlingi, Harry Mwela Representative from each 23 producer group, Women group representatives, Agricultural Extension officers from groups centres, Village Executive Officer from the groups sites. Chairperson: To call the group meetings as per schedule, To facilitate discussion Secretary: Group record keeping, Meeting minutes keeping, Invitation letters writing, Chairperson advisor for meetings management, To remind group members on date, venue and time of meetings Info Broker: To link the group to other sources of desired information, Design and produce other necessary information for the group. 1st Friday of each month as from July 2005 at 9.00 am at district HQ in TechnoServe Songea Office AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 20 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Manyara District Learning Group Organize key farmers from group to learn how to keep record in order to establish the cost of production of paddy Conduct practical demonstration on farms Negotiations skills Register farmers willing to keep records and calculate the profit margins Mobilize farmers groups into existing SACCOS Identify and link with market partners – Traders, Processor, Super Market Issa Magguo, Athumani Karunde, William Swai, Stanley Mchome, Anatoly Pomoni, M. Singisha, Farmers group members, Farm Africa, TCCIA, Extension staff, FIDE – CDOTE TO PIDERS, PADEP Chairperson to facilitate meeting and discussions Secretary – Keep group records and minutes and do the link to the stakeholders. Solicit information’s and impact stories for the group information broker - TCCIA 30/6/2005 – First meeting – Magugu 29/7/2005 – Second meeting – Quash 30/9/2005 – Third meeting Arumeru District Learning Group Availability of reliable marketing.. Formation of marketing committee, The committee to conduct and collect information on marketing, The committee to report and tell on the market availability, To set agreement/contract, Production to start as per the agreement/contract. Asha Muya, Edina Kahembe, Nailejileji Mbaga, Samuel Mbise, Loserian Laizer, Elly Zakaria, Joseph Mkwama Responsibles: Farmers and livestock keepers,Market and marketing commettee,Agriculture extension officer/personnel,Market and marketing personnel,Processor Agent and Facilitator. Tasks The chairperson to arrange and call meetings,The secretary to take minutes,document and keep record for furthre refferences,Marketing information person to go on studying marketing situation and inform the group on market and marketing information regularly. Where to meet: Village office,Ward office,School office. When: Once per month Meeting schedule: Date Venue Meeting 1 15/7/2005 Nkoaranga village office Meeting 2 7/8/2005 Mfalony Pr. school Meeting 3 8/9/2005 Ikidinga ward office. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 21 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Hai District Learning Group To organize key farmers, processors and traders to traders to access finance Through conducting access to finance training, conducting Financial Management, exchange visit into successful SACCOS in the other areas, formations of group SACCOS at village level five village consist of 20 groups estimated 800 members, Constitution development, Approval of constitution and registrations, Open bank accounts, Starting saving according to the constitutions, Link those SACCOS with the other MFIS i.e. CRDB, Exim bank NGO’s, Group and individuals start to Access loan, Facilitation of group Networking. Bonifasi Mariki TCCIA, Cecilia Mushi – Marketing Monitor, Twaha Abdala Producers, Masasa Makwasa PA, Eva Mallya PA Farmer, processors and hader themselves, Extension officer i.e DCO’s DAO’s, DCDO’s, Other stakeholders i.e Faida Mali, RFSP, World Vision, Fert PA to organise training the access to finance, training, financial management and assure of exchange visits PA & RFSP facilitate group Networking Extension officers i.e. DCOd and DCDO’s training the farmer on how to develop the SACCOS constitutions, Facilitation of registration producer, Supervision of committee formation, Auditing of the SACCOS Village group chairperson – convene group meetings and facilitating meetings Secretary - to keep the group records and minutes of the meeting Signatory committee to pen bank accounts Group members to start savings Meeting Date Venue Names of the Group 1st meeting 24/6/2005 Magadini Muungano 2nd meeting 11/7/2005 Village UWAZI Ikwamataki Upendo 1st meeting 27/6/2005 Mungushi Mkombozi 2nd meeting 12/6/2005 Amkeni Jiendeleze Kwakya 1st meeting 28/6/2005 Kware Zalisheni 2nd meeting 3/7/2005 Village KwahwaJuhaji 1st meeting 29/6/2005 Mgungani Tupendane nd 2 meeting 14/7/2005 Village Nguvu kazi Women Group Jembe ni Mali 1st meeting 30/6/2005 Shirinjwo Village Tumaini group 1st meeting 1/7/2005 Masam East Uzalishaji 2nd meeting 18/7/2005 Ward AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 22 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Objectives Members Functions and roles Meeting schedule Mbeya District Learning Group To achieve better price of rice crop so as to raise their income. Sowing of improved rice seeds in time.,Making their road,Saling the rice on measurable scales say using of weighing scales,Organize and formation of rice production group society/group,Ensure availability of notece board to tell pricing and any other relevant information,Legal registration of the group/society. Crispin Mtaro – Chair/person, Wilbrod Kawapa – Secretary, Members: Salvatory Manyoka, Festo F. Kapewa, Credo J. Kuziliwa, Jairo A. Mpatama, Eliud Simfukwe, Rabon Njema, Chrstian Mwakyembe Chairperson: Arrange,call and hold meetings and supervise all general group matters. The secretary: Organize all group matters and keep records of the group. Group treasurer:Keep money for the group as agreed –bank and keep records of all financial matters and advice accordingly. Information person.:Making follow up on marketing information-pricing information and tell back to the group through notice board,meetings in different times. Extension Officer:Provide knowledge on rice production-(the crop husbandy) and and animation skills. Official meeting is onve per month but whenever there is a burning issue the chairperson can call a meeting and the venue should be at the agreed place by the group. Iringa District Learning Group Raise farme’s income, Achieve better price of the round potatoes crop, Looking for better and reliable market of jibin and jam. Edeni Fungo, Polikarpy Mlelwa, Henry Magenya, Peter Mwandilandi, Zipporah Mwakatanga. Round potato crop production., Processing of jibin., Keeping of dairy cattle and pigs. Working schedule to be ready in the coming three weeks. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 23 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages What are the key information flows in Linked Local Learning? The important information flows in linked local learning are local: between one farmer group and another, between members of a learning group (that is all key players in the marketing chain), and lastly, between one learning group and another. Members of a learning group share their challenges with each other and get back new ideas from each other. Local learning groups share their experiences with each other which circulate new ideas of what has worked in their place. Thus challenges shared for suggestions on ideas of actions to try out are practical and are linked to somebody who can help. KP Challenges Ideas FG FG FG Ideas Ideas Farmer Group Key Players Farmer Group Challenges Farmer Group Challenges Sharing and Linking Local Learning Group KP FG AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg FG FG Page 24 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Action Plan for Communication within a Learning Group Organized into seven groups by district from northern and southern zones their task was to describe the internal communication challenges facing the key players within a learning group and suggest possible ways to meet those challenges. For each key player in the learning group members defined the challenges and possible ways of meeting them. Process 1. Before starting the discussion group members chose someone to chair their discussion, someone to write their ideas on paper and another person to present the ideas. 2. The work began by each member listing internal group communication challenges on cards according to their own experience. When everyone had written at least the issues they organized them on a flipchart by key player adding new issues as they emerged from the discussion. 3. Taking each issue in turn the group brainstormed ways in which each challenge could be overcome writing down each idea for future improvement on a card. 4. The group prepared a table showing key player, communication challenge, and ideas for meeting the challenge. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 25 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Improving Communications within Groups (highlighted text are those suggestions thought to be practical by the groups) Key Player Producers Communication Challenge Distance from highways and urban area Lack of funds for: Landline telephone Mobile phones, Radio, TV, Internet, No mobile phone coverage Computer illiteracy - people do not know how use the ICT facilities Lack of awareness on potential of ICTs General illiteracy Lack of international language Lack of transport Inaccessible roads Lack of power Limited access to market information Lack of Information centre* Poor linkage between market policy makers and producers Mistrust among producers – do not share market information Suggestions for improvement Use of mobile phones Mobilize formation of revolving funds (SACCOS) local register. Awareness creation on the importance of communication, Encourage group contributions, Application for loans from development/financing NGOs Ownership sharing of these communication facilities- groups should be involved in cost sharing – to realise it is not free At least one person in a group should get a telephone - cost sharing by the programme and the group members For Internet – make use of Internet Cafes where available Persuade telecoms providers to invest in the area Training - seek assistance Training in use of communications (various) Training, awareness campaign, use of leaflet Encourage group members to want to learn Improve education levels Knowledge and training Group contributions to facilitate transport cost Send information through another person who will be in the town Persuade transporter providers to increase transport Increase production to afford transport e.g. motorbike Ministry should provide Motorcycles Improve through collaboration with all stakeholders Construction and rehabilitation of roads and mobilization of commodities Improve infrastructure Use cheaper technologies – solar, biogas, batteries, generators may be affordable to a group Training in the use of biogas as an energy source Create information center bill board, Encourage establishment of information centres Use newspapers – e.g. Business Times provides weekly information on market prices Join TCCIA Encourage establishment of information centres/information points esp. in trading marketing centres Awareness creation on the importance of use of centres Policy makers need to involve other stakeholders in developing market policy Improve communication among stakeholders e.g. through learning groups AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 26 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Key Player Processors and Traders Partner Agency (PA)/ Local govt/ Focal person Communication Challenge Distance from highways and urban areas Funds High cost of transport Transport facilities Communication with outside Traders (ICTs) Fulfill the volume (low capital) Lack of awareness on the potential of ICT’s in accessing market information Literacy in how to use ICTs Information Centre Lack of reliable info centre No use of international languages Lack of access to computers Lack of appropriate transport and communication facilities in rural areas Inadequate education Lack of power Lack transparency in prices Lack of mobile phone coverage Funds for communications High running cost for mobile phone Lack of Landlines Letter writing (announcements) do not reach audience Outdated market information on radio/media Market info/training materials in English- translation cost Lack of Information Centres Word of mouth (messages passed from one person to another) often not received Limited access to computer and internet Suggestions for improvement Use of mobile phones Formation of revolving funds (SACCOS-legal registration) Encourage group contributions Ownership sharing inc mobile phones Awareness creation on the importance of communications Application of grants and loans from financial NGOs and financial institutions Mobilize community groups to maintain roads Training, campaign, leaflets, awareness raising Training on use of ICTs seek for assistance Encouragement of info centres esp. in trading centres and among traders Awareness creation on the importance of info centre Create awareness, knowledge and training Use of nearby internet cafes Improve infrastructure Make use of TCCIA communication facilities where available Encourage adult education Use of cheap technologies solar, biogas, batteries, generators Partners make use of TCCIA in their vicinity Persuade providers to invest in the area Put in the budget, Put on effective information daily (market information) Develop proposal and send to donors for ICTs Follow up to ensure message writing has been received by the group member Radio Tanzania has programme on market prices for yesterday. Establish information centres Follow up to ensure the message has been received by group members Contributions between the district council and the programme and other stakeholders Establish information centres Advocacy and lobbying AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 27 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Key Player TCCIA Market Monitors Communication Challenge High cost of finding market information in and outside country High cost of dissemination of market information Most members have no telephone Limited computer literacy Difficult to find market prices for crops in Tanzania on the Internet Difficulties in finding accurate prices at markets – prices vary widely. Transport facilities too far Lack of mobile phones Lack of computer Suggestions for improvement Facilitate purchase of telephones Training in use of computers Join TCCIA? Join TCCIA? (suggestion from TCCIA) Provide with transport – even motorcycles.. Develop proposal for donor funding Establish information centre Note on information centres: The description and meaning of an Information centre varied from a simple billboard with price information posted regularly at a fixed meeting point such as a market, to a room or complete building equipped with computers, fax, telephones, internet access etc. The simplest level of meeting point/bulletin board was also envisaged as a place where regular meetings could be held and information provided on e.g. market information. Information could be posted by Pas, TCCIA, market monitors etc. from several districts and as printouts from information collated on a web site. The web site would be directly available to those with access, and the printed information available to others at the meeting point/information centre. Similarly, information posted to the bulletin board could be added to the website. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 28 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Communication challenges between learning groups and suggested solutions Working in plenary the task was to agree the communication challenges between local learning groups of key players and suggest possible ways to meet those challenges. Process 1. Participants began by individually listing inter-group communication challenges on cards according to their own experience. 2. When everyone had written at least 3 issues they then worked together with the person next to them to come up with an agreed joint list and possible solutions. Where issues were the same they were recorded only once. 3. Each pair then joined with another pair and combined their lists, issues and potential solutions, with each other. Each person in the group of four was assigned a number from one to four for the next step in the snowball. 4. All the persons assigned the same number from one to four in each group now joined with the other person from all other groups assigned the same number such that four large groups were formed. Issues were then discussed and a common 10 point list of issues for each group agreed. 5. Each group presented their lists to the plenary and a common list for the entire plenary was discussed and agreed. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 29 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Communication challenges between learning groups and suggested solutions Challenge Long distance from Lack of telecoms especially telephones – both mobile and landline Limited usefulness of information shared Lack of power Lack of ICT skills Lack of postal services in some areas High running cost of mobile phones Method of communication Lack of internet services Little knowledge and skills in use of internet Rigidity in sharing information Groups do not know each other Proposed solution Group members to have contacts – email telephone, mobile, postal addresses, buses etc. Organize and mobile group members to buy mobile/landline where possible Post, mail, email, sms Sensitization through emails, letters, phones, etc. Seek nearby available power Emergency batteries (cheap) Sensitize people to open emails Seek help from ICT providers Groups to train a resource person to have ICT knowledge Self help between members about ICTs Use of private buses Use of postal services and sms Agree on time and day for meetings Contribute funds to send one person to read the emails in areas where internet café is available Involve a person/friend/service provider to read on behalf Encourage each group member to share information Share contact information and get to know each other through the internet Participant list has all info needed. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 30 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Challenges in communicating between groups and possible solutions Farmer groups have a great deal to learn from each other, but physical distances can make it difficult to meet and discuss issues frequently. Information could be shared easily between groups if they could access the Internet or to a more limited extent, even an SMS message service. However, there are many challenges to be met in doing this. Most farmers live in remote villages without electricity or telephone lines. Many cannot read or write and very few have ever used a computer or sent an SMS message. Even those who can read and write can rarely do so in English. Finally, direct access to computers and the Internet is nearly non-existent and access to mobile telephones is extremely limited. The three main challenges to be overcome for better communications between groups are: z Literacy – both general and computer literacy z Language z Access to computers, the Internet and mobile telephony Some examples of how these challenges might be met are given below – how practical are they, what other alternatives can you suggest? One possible way to overcome these challenges could be through the use of one or more intermediaries. For example, to access the Internet for email and discussion groups, the farmer’s group would first need an email address (which can be arranged free for anyone whether or not they have access to or can use a computer). The messages they want to send though would then need to be: 1 Written down – either a group member, or an intermediary will be needed who can read and write. Who could do this? 2 Typed into a computer – If possible, the computer should also have an Internet connection, but if not, the message can be saved on a diskette and taken to an Internet café later. Who could do this? For example: Miriam works in an NGO office that has a computer and a printer but no Internet connection. She is the computer-intermediary for a farmer’s group. She types the messages from the farmers group onto her computer and saves them to a diskette which she gives back to them. 3 Sent via the Internet – If the computer where the message is typed does not have an Internet connection, the message would need to be saved to a diskette and taken to another computer which does have an internet connection. The message can then be sent as an email attachment. This would need someone who is used to using the Internet. Who could do this? For example: Simon is a bus driver and the Internet-intermediary for the farmer group. When he is in town he regularly drops in at the Internet-cafe behind the bus stand. For the farmers group he also manages their email. He takes the diskette that was used to save the messages from the farmers group, calls up their email account and using the address they gave him, attaches the message from the diskette. He also finds a message with an attachment to the group. So he downloads the attached document onto the diskette and back home hands the diskette back to the farmers group. 4 The process would then have to be repeated in reverse - Miriam’s help would be needed again to printout the messages from the diskette and the person who can read for the group would need to read the messages to them. Language - The whole process can be more complex if English needs to be the language used. E-mails and discussions can be in Swahili but a great deal of information on the Internet is available only in English and in this case, someone who can read and write English will need to translate the messages for the group. For full access to the LLL learning support service which links learning groups not only in Tanzania, but also in Uganda and Kenya and throughout the world, English is needed as it is the common medium used. So in summary, for the farmers group to use the Internet, until direct access becomes practical, one way would be to use one or more of the following intermediaries: Î Someone who can read and write in or for the farmers group Î A translator to and from English Î Someone who can enter the message into a computer Î Someone who can send the messages via the internet. A facilitator who works with the group may also be needed and would certainly help the whole process! AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 31 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Information needs and information constraints For information to be shared between learning groups, especially when it is not easy to do this, the information needs to be important enough to make the effort. Through a participatory workshop held in Kilosa in August 2000, members of a local learning group identified the following as the main categories of their information needs: 1. 2. 3. 4. Planning and Management (weather, soils, disease incidence, agricultural production information, local plans of action, progress on activities carried out by villagers etc.); Social Information (information specific to communities such as local resources available and how they are used, needs assessments, problems and constraints etc.); Economic Information (food security, sources and prices of inputs, market prices at village, district and national levels etc) Technological Information (new technologies and practices, research, farmers proposed solutions) Often such information is already available – the problem is accessing it. Linking together groups can help the information to spread faster. The group also identified the following main barriers to information flows: z z z z z z z Limited awareness of the technology Lack of access to new technologies Lack of skills and knowledge on ICTs Inadequate knowledge of information available Low general education levels of farmers Poor communication between farmers and extension staff Lack of transport In planning how to improve communications within and between learning groups, keep these issues in mind! AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 32 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Some Basic Data on ICT use in Tanzania AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 33 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Photo Record AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 34 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Participants Contact Details No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 22. 23. 24. 25. Name Edwin Makambaya Henry Mangenja Zipporah Mwakajwanga Steve Steve Anatoly Pomonhi Elly Zakaria Zephania Ubwani Christian Mwakyembe Rabon Njema Crispin Mtono Noel Thomas Twaha Mweta Job Eliushi Mushi Arry Mlingi Loserian Laizer Edina Kahembe Pius James Mntangi Harry Mwela Edeni Fungo Peter Mwandilandi Marwa Moses Policappy Mlelwa Asha Muya Aberhard Mbepera Stanley Mchome Athumani Karunde Organization/Designation TCCIA Chairman – Songea Rural TCCIA Mufindi Iringa– National Representative AMSDP ZCO (South) Di Stefano Agriconsult Field Officer Agriculture Department, Babati District Council Aranga Coffee Group The Citizen Newspaper Arusha Project Coordinator (ABD/DASS) Mbeya and Mbarali Mwanakikundi Muungano Group Utengule Market Monitor Journalist – TCT/RTD HAI Kilimanjaro – Magadini TechnoServe TZ Songea D. F. P. Songea/Namtumbo Districts Engarunoto Arumeru District Agriculture Marketing Information’s TCCIA Muheza Agriculture Market Monitor Agriculture Market Agriculture Market AMSDP/ZCO (N) Faraja Group Mlezi/Group Menser Field Officer – TIP Moshi AMSDP – APCS(S) Mshikamano SACCOs Magugu – Babati TCCIA – Babati Manyara V/C/Commerce Box. No 911 Songea 315 Mafinga 6222 Mbeya 176 Muheza 335 Babati 178 Usa River 14146 Arusha 6306 Mbeya 185 Mbeya 253 Mbeya 123 Arusha 78 Sanya Juu 1150 Songea 174 Songea 352 Arusha 2416 Arumeru 448 Muheza 174 Songea Mufindi Mufindi 501 Usa River 19 Ludewa 8909 Moshi 6222 Mbeya 218 Babati 224 Babati AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Address Tel. 0748 505333 0744 410103 0744 520336 0741 277160 0748 603599 0748 656075 0741 662 443 0748 – 956655 0745 853224 0744 069276 0744 574383 0741 710735 2600877 0744 421331 0748 963562 0744 568394 0744 947761/027 2641379 0748 736745 0745550313 0745 285381 0748 305860 0748 300910 0741 433693 0748 411400/025 2503381 0748 359182 0748 397456 Email mwakajwanga@hotmail.com Steve70@yahoo.co.tz farmbabat@habari.co.tz ubwanizg@hotmail.com cmwakyembe@yahoo.co.uk adbdass@atma.co.tz tom_kamundi@yahoo.com mushijob@yahoo.com marwamo@hotmail.com shmuya@yahoo.com mbepera@yahoo.com farmbabati@habari.co.tz Page 35 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Workshop Participants Contact Details (continued) No Name Organization/Designation 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. Joseph Mkwama Credo Kuziliwa Eva Mallya William Swai Mussa Abdullah Singisha Samweli Peter Mbise Festo Chapewa Kansapa Wilbrod Cecilia Mushi Boniface Mariki Nyange David Nai Mollel Laurent Kaburire TIP Moshi TCCIA – Sumbawanga FAIDA Mali/Field Officer – PA Hai Farm Africa: PA Babati Team Leader Babati District Council (DFP) Tanzanian – Mwenyekiti UWAM Group Mtanzania District Market Monitor Sumbawanga Rural Market Monitor – Hai TCCIA – Hai Kilimanjaro – District Executive Officer Sokoine University of Agriculture Women Rights (WORDECO) MVIWATA Research Development Associate 39. 40. Eliud Petro Simfukwe Salvatory Mayoka UBARUKUAMCOS Cooperative Society AMSDP/EDC – Nkasi Project 41. 42. 43. 44 45. Jairo Mpatama Masasa Makwasa Issa Magguo. John Bosco Vincon Nyimbo Kilimo Rungwe – Mkurugenzi Mtendaji (W) Rugwe PA – Same Magguo SACCOS Seif Group Chairman Agricultural Marketing Specialist Box. No 8909 Moshi 24 Waela Sumbawanga 13869 Arusha 675 Babati 400 181, Duluti Arusha 232 Sumbawanga 232 Sumbawanga 27 Hai 6829 Moshi Kilimanjaro 3007 Morogoro Arumeru (Arusha) 3220 Morogoro 70 Rujewa Mbarali 188 Namanyere Nkasi Rukwa 44 Rungwe 138, Same 267 Babati 1073 Songea 14416 AMSDP Arusha AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Address Tel. 0745 897584 0744 699613 0748 686169 0748413311 0748 522281 0745002814 0745002814 /0746257372 0744494513 0744 680021 0744 272573 0745 430720 0744 542650 Email willyswai@yahoo.com spmirisho@yahoo.uk chamberhai@yahoo.com dvnyange@suanet.ac.tz kabisawordeco2000@yahoo.com laurentkaburire@yahoo.co.uk, mviwata@africaonline.co.tz 0252590149 025 2802939/ 0748 421716 0748 314764 0741 496589 makwassa@yahoo.com 0744 291789 vnyimbo@yahoo.co.uk Page 36 PROCEEDINGS Exploratory Workshop on Market Linkages Acknowledgements We wish to acknowledge the hard work and effort of Nathaniel Katilina, Programme coordinator, Vincon Nyimbo, Agricultural Marketing Specialist, and Marwa Moses, Zonal Commercial Officer, of the AMSDP programme in preparing for, organizing and managing this exploratory workshop. We also thank Mwatima Juma, IFAD liaison officer in Dar es Salaam for her support to our work in Tanzania. The Agriculture Marketing Systems Development Programme (AMSDP) is supported by the UN International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), Rome, Italy. The First Mile Project is supported by the Swiss Development Cooperation (SDC), Bern, Switzerland. AMSD P Key Playe rs Ex plora tory Worksh op o n Ma rke t L ink ag es 8- 10 Ju ne 2 005 I n te r n a ti o n a l Sup p o r t G r o u p ( I S G ) http ://www.isglink .o rg Page 37