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The
Yale
Herald
Volume LIV, Number 9
New Haven, Conn.
Friday, November 9, 2012
From the staff
My slogan wasn’t catchy per se. “I am not Arnold Schwarzenegger, I am
not Hillary Clinton, but I am your next fifth grade representative” had
exactly no ring to it. But you better believe my reforms were sweeping.
Chocolate milk everyday. Monthly taco day was a change we all believed
in. With the re-implementation of the hard shell tacos, of course. “It’s taco
not burrito day for a reason!” I sassily cried out.
Eight years after my first and final foray into politics (full disclosure: the
corruption got to be too much), two new officials, following in my small
footsteps, entered office, and changes, almost as wide-reaching as mine
were, swept our country. We sat huddled in front of our televisions on
Tuesday as our old president secured re-election. Two days later, we
learned of the new president who will take office on our very own campus.
Every angsty teenager you know took it upon themselves to loudly proclaim their intended moves to Washington, Massachusetts, or Colorado on
Facebook. For the first time, gay marriage was approved at the ballot box,
as Washington, Maine, and Maryland legalized same-sex marriage. So how
‘bout that mid-semester slump?
As if taco shells, drugs, and presidents (oh my!) weren’t a reminder
enough that policies can change, in this week’s cover story, Andrew Wagner, TD ’15, explores a change in Yale’s ivory tower of academia, checking
in on the Ethnicity, Race, & Migration major in its first year as a stand-
The
Yale
Herald
Volume LIV, Number 9
New Haven, Conn.
Friday, Nov. 9, 2012
EDITORIAL STAFF:
Editor-in-chief: Emily Rappaport
Managing Editors: Emma Schindler, John
Stillman
Executive Editor: Lucas Iberico Lozada
Senior Editors: Sam Bendinelli, Nicolás
Medina Mora, Clare Sestanovich
Culture Editors: Elliah Heifetz, Andrew Wagner
Features Editors: Sophie Grais, Olivia
Rosenthal, Maude Tisch
Opinion Editor: Micah Rodman
Reviews Editor: Colin Groundwater
Voices Editor: Eli Mandel
Design Editors: Serena Gelb, Lian FumertonLiu, Christine Mi, Zachary Schiller
Photo Editor: Julie Reiter
BUSINESS STAFF:
Publishers: William Coggins,
Evan Walker-Wells
Director of Advertising: Shreya Ghei
Director of Finance: Stephanie Kan
Director of Development: Joe Giammittorio
ONLINE STAFF:
Online Editors: Ariel Doctoroff, Carlos
Gomez, Lucas Iberico Lozada, Marcus
Moretti
Webmaster: Navy Encinias
Bullblog Editor-in-chief: John Stillman
Bullblog Managing Editor: David Gore
Bullblog Associate Editors: Alisha Jarwala,
Grace Lindsey, Cindy Ok, Eamon Ronan,
Jesse Schreck, Maude Tisch
alone program.
Also inside, we’ve got Alessandra Roubini, JE ’16, investigating Yale Law
The Yale Herald is a not-for-profit, nonpartisan, incorporated student publication
registered with the Yale College Dean’s Office.
School’s new PH.D program. Just don’t get those lawyers fired up about
the gun culture Andrew Koenig, JE ’16, talks about. Aaron Gertler, TD
’15, sits down with Paul Bass, JE’ 82, the editor of the New Haven Independent, and Gareth Imparato reviews the Gertrude Stein exhibit at the
Beinicke.
From one elected official to another (hey, I hear Yale has a good track
record), read the Herald and always choose chocolate milk.
Not Arnold, not Hillary,
just Olivia Rosenthal
Features Editor
2
The Yale Herald (Nov. 9, 2012)
If you wish to subscribe to the Herald, please
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Please address correspondence to
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The Yale Herald is published by Yale
College students, and Yale University is not
responsible for its contents. All opinions
expressed are those of the authors and do
not reflect the views of The Yale Herald, Inc.
or Yale University. Copyright 2011, The Yale
Herald, Inc. Have a nice day.
Cover by Zachary Schiller YH Staff
IN THIS ISSUE
COVER
12 Andrew Wagner, TD ‘15, explains
the birth of the Ethnicity,
Race, and Migration major, and
addresses the necessary steps
that lie ahead for the still-young
program of study.
FEATURES
VOICES
6
Aaron Gertler, TD ‘15, sits down with Paul Bass,
editor of the New Haven Independent.
7
Amelia Urry, TD ‘13, meditates on life above the
stage, working as a lighting designer.
8
10
Wesley Yiin, PC ’16, reflects on Parent University,
a parenting education program hosted at
Gateway Community College .
16
Alessandra Roubini, JE ‘16, explores Yale Law
School’s decision to add a Ph.D. program.
OPINION: Jack Schlossberg, TC ‘15, on what
makes our generation so politically involved.
Jake Dawe, TC ‘15, describes the significance of
the graffiti in the stacks.
CULTURE
18
Andrew Koenig, JE ‘16, looks into the unlikely gun
culture at Yale. Also: a patriotic performance
class, and New Haven’s new brew shop.
REVIEWS
20
Gareth Imparato, SM ‘15, on the Gertrude Stein
exhibit at the Beinecke. Also: Flight, Assassin’s
Creed III, Holy Motors, and Angel Haze.
3
THANK GOD
IT’S FRIDAY
The Herald’s
week in review:
what rocked,
what sucked,
and who took
the lead in IM
bowling.
CREDIT/D/FAIL
Cr:
The American people
The popular vote pulled through in a really big
way—and I’m not just talking about returning the
same warm pair of buns to the Oval Office swivel
chair. I’m talking about the real stars of Sexy-lection
Day: ballot measures. Same-sex marriage bills survived referenda in Maryland and Washington, dodged
a peen+vag amendment in Minnesota, and passed by
popular vote in Maine. And the Cheeto on top: recreational marijuana got puffed and passed in Colorado
and Washington. Weed, wine, and women, amirite??
And I don’t have to hop around the country to do all my
favorite things, either. Now in Washington State—the
new default Washington and official best place to be
a gay pothead with moisture-friendly hair—you can legally smoke a jay while marrying a woman. A wedding
catered by Trolli Gummies where no one complains?
The American dream.
—Rachel Lipstein
D:
The Credit/D/Bail deadline
This is a D to memorialize the indecision indigestion you’ve had all day. Fri., Nov. 9, also known
as Credit/D/Bail Day, is the last day to—say it with
me—convert from the CR/D/Fail option in a fallterm course to a letter grade. So grab your hat and
start running—Master’s office or bust—5:01 is late!
You’re doing way better in Death than you thought
you might be! Just kidding, not you, you’re still
definitely getting a C, but this is a turning point for
all the undecided voters in swing-seminars or autoskip lectures or people who just like to hedge their
pets, run them up the flagpole, and see who salutes.
You know, insecure freaks. So, today’s the day you
thought would never come, when you have to crunch
some letters and decide how much longer your TA
is going to believe your recycled Model UN Crisis
Simulation prompts. It’s 4:45 p.m. and you’re still
on the toilet—you’ve been decision pooping for an
hour (to be fair, you took several phone calls). How
checked out are you? How is it all going to turn out?
And why won’t Nate Silver return your emails??
—Rachel Lipstein
4
F:
Sandy and [your fave snowstorm baby name here]
I know this section of the Herald has been awfully hard on the weather lately. Sure, it’s probably
morally questionable to incessantly rag on poor
storms locked into inertial, New Haven-bound
sweeps. For all we know, Sandy was digging her
high heels into the Atlantic saying, “Not like this.”
[She slowly, poignantly shakes her head.] “Not
like this.” Or maybe I’m thinking of the bleached
blonde lesbian in The Matrix right before Cypher
unplugs her. But names make it hard for me to
avoid personifying these massive meteorological
phenomena (I have attachment issues). Half of
the administrators at my Girl Scout camp and
100 percent of women I’ve ever met who wear
short-sleeved blazers were named Sandy. I love
’em. So it didn’t help when the Weather Channel,
working directly against me as always, named the
snowstorm that followed Sandy…Athena. Who
gave them the authority to name the cruelest November nor’LeightonMeester after the Greek goddess that every putz wants to be and every schmo
wants to get with? So that’s why, to prevent emotional confusion, I’m naming this godforsaken
snowstorm Bopkiss. It’s not elegant, but it’s the
direct antonym of Athena, and I can’t afford to be
the only chick in a toga making snow sacrifices
this week.
—Rachel Lipstein
BY THE
BOOM/BUST
INCOMING: Sports
As the “getting to” and “housing at” Harvard emails begin to trickle in, we’re
reminded that next week is Yale’s chance to express just how ridiculously
passionate we are about football. Then, having expressed our passion, we will
resume talking shit about the athletes in our sections.
OUTGOING: Exercise
As New Haven enters its annual deep-freeze, the cost of exercising increases.
Do you really want to run in that gray slush we once called snow? No: you’d
much rather watch The Good Wife in your bathrobe while snacking on
marshmallow fluff.
—Jesse Schreck YH Staff
NUMBERS
#
TYNG CUP
STANDINGS
1. Pierson
2. Trumbull
3. Saybrook
4. Jonathan Edwards
5. Davenport
6. Timothy Dwight
7. Silliman
8. Branford
9. Ezra Stiles
10. Morse
11. Berkeley
12. Calhoun
384.5
380
352.5
333
315.5
314
282.5
267.5
263.5
244.5
217.5
69.5
INDEX
21 million
The spending cap, in dollars, for Canadian
political campaigns.
TOP FIVE
5
4
3
2
1
Ways to let everyone know that you’re really
politically conscious
1
The size, in justices, of the majority in the Citizens United decision, in which the Supreme Court
ruled it legal for corporations to spend unlimited
money on political elections.
142 million
Long Facebook status you spent three minutes crafting
Pithy Facebook status you spent two hours crafting
The amount, in dollars, spent by the Republican
super PAC Restore Our Future on the 2012 presidential election.
4.2 billion
The total sum, in dollars, spent on campaigns for
the White House and Congress.
Election night drinking games
Refusing to hook up with a Republican
4.03 billion
The GDP of Burundi, the African nation, in dollars.
Telling people how “awesome” it felt to vote
Sources: 1) CBC News 2) common knowledge 3) The
New York Times 4) CNN Money 5) IMF Statistics
5
SITTING
DOWN WITH
PAUL
BASS
by Aaron Gertler
YH Staff
From the moment he stepped onto Yale’s campus, Paul Bass,
JE ’82, has covered nearly every story New Haven has served
up. He held a position at the New Haven Register while still a
full-time student, and though he calls his dorm’s proximity to
Toad’s his earliest favorite thing about the Elm City, he’s since
fallen in love with its social, cultural, and intellectual diversity. In
2005, after two decades with the New Haven Advocate, Bass
relaunched the Independent (a weekly he’d run from 198689) as a not-for-profit online publication covering New Haven
in unheard-of, news-by-the-hour depth. Seven years in, the site
is still going strong and has been hailed as one of the most
important early experiments in online journalism. The Herald
spoke to Bass about media new and old, as well as how the site
handles political issues.
YH: How was the old Independent different from the
modern incarnation?
PB: Not-for-profit is an important part. And being a daily—
well, much more than a daily; [the Independent is] continuous
throughout the day. The overall mission is still intensive coverage of the city, to make coverage grassroots and real-time.
YH: What online papers were inspirations to you?
PB: There were two inspirations. The first was a blog called
Baristanet, which had this great connection to its readers—
they really contributed to the stories. Then I found out there
was another nonprofit, the San Diego Voice. We were the first
two in the country, as far as professional news coverage from
a nonprofit daily.
(Courtesy of the New York Times)
news is changing. Even New Haven is going to have other outlets. I think we’re in a golden age, where every city has different experiments pop up. You have to be interesting now to get
readers. Take that interest, and the rigorous fact-gathering mission of the daily press, and you have a powerful combination.
One without the other, and the information loses power; the
corporate approach, with its pseudo-objectivity and mechanistic way of writing news, lost touch with readers. The New York
Times is still the gold standard—fantastic on the web, fantastic
in print—but the name doesn’t matter. And not all the experiments on the web are great, either. What I tell reporters now is
to find a good newsroom.
YH: What changes do you think the Independent has helped
effect in New Haven or Connecticut policy over the years?
PB: School reform. We were covering everything when people
said the schools were fine—and they weren’t. When the Board
of Ed wasn’t showing up for meetings, we took attendance;
they had higher truancy rates than the kids being expelled for
truancy. So we finally saw this new school experiment happening, and we’re watching it, keeping it honest and transparent. Another big campaign was open government—opening up
public meetings, making information public. But it’s the dayto-day reporting that makes a big difference. The city cares
because they know someone’s watching.
YH: Is that in part because of the decline of the Times-Picayune? Is that a common pattern—big papers struggle, grassroots news sources spring up in their wake?
PB: Yes, because the corporate model of news is struggling.
The chains, the for-profits, the big, corporate-owned, legacy
dailies dictate to the community what the news ought to be,
shrinking news, expecting 18 percent returns on their investments every year—and alienating their readers. I think they’ve
really ruined American journalism in the second half of the
20th century.
YH: What’s it like to have so many connections in a city of
this size? Do you feel like you can always find the information
you need?
PB: Even after 30-odd years, I’m still trying to figure out the
city, which is what makes it such a fun place. We had the
biggest experiment in the country going for a while, trying to
wipe out poverty, and then we got poorer. What was that all
about? I find I’m still learning every day, taking the best course
I could’ve taken at Yale—and getting paid for it! I feel like
reporters are never knowledgeable or smart enough to run the
city, but we can be definitive observers, giving people information and analysis, the raw materials of democracy. I don’t
feel like the most knowledgeable person in town—I’m just a
reporter—but I’ve gotten a little better at seeing patterns. Still,
reporters can fool themselves, especially when sources try to
flatter them. That was the downfall of corporate media. They
saw themselves as part of the state; they wanted to be important, players, telling people what to think and what to do—and
failing. But I can post an article on urban design, and some of
my readers will be architects and urban planners, so they’ll find
the flaw in the story and take the discussion to a higher level.
YH: Will we soon be at the point where every major American
city has an Independent-style site?
PB: Well, it’s not just the Independent; the entire model of
YH: Have you ever tried covering news outside Connecticut?
PB: Well, I’ve been here since I was 18. In the mid-80s, I did
some reporting on a Klansmen trial in South Carolina. Oth-
YH: Have similar papers cropped up since?
PB: A bunch of others, right after I started. Chicago’s went out
of business, but then there was one in Minneapolis, MinnPost,
and one in Seattle called Crosscut. For a bunch of years we’d
be invited to conferences. We still meet once or twice a year.
One in New Orleans just started up.
6
erwise, this has been my career. I love the idea of staying in
one place and trying to understand it over time, developing an
institutional memory and getting a sense for context. And it’s
interesting enough that you’re learning something every day.
YH: Do you think it’s true what they say—that young people today don’t care about the news, never read a paper, etc., etc.?
PB: I think it’s exactly like the election. “Obama’s in trouble because young people aren’t voting, because they don’t
care,” [people said]—and then more young people vote in this
election than in 2008. Don’t listen to that stuff. The people
who write obituaries for news live in the funeral parlor that
is legacy media. But right outside their door, new journalism
experiments spring up every day, and young people are all over
that. When I work with Yale or New Haven high school interns, I
learn new things about journalism. What we should care about
is democracy, experimentation, and engagement. The people
leading are young, and they’re the most interesting part of
the conversation.
YH: What’s it like reporting on an election in such a one-sided
political zone?
PB: This year wasn’t big for us, since New Haven is so Democratic. The big years are odd-numbered, like in 2011, when a
labor-dominated group took over the Board of Aldermen and
the town committees. We were the only ones to cover that in
depth, and to understand it, because we could combine grassroots neighborhood coverage with our own political analysis.
But for this election night, we just post the results and explain
what it means for New Haven’s political atmosphere. Sometimes we do break state-level stories. We had an interesting
one up Tuesday about Linda McMahon, who was paying all
these African Americans to pretend they were supporting her.
That was something.
YH: Given your mission and the high level of public contribution to the discussion on the Independent’s website, is it a
struggle to remain unbiased?
PB: I think everyone’s biased, but your job is to be fair. If you
don’t have an opinion, then you don’t have a thought in your
head, and you shouldn’t be covering anything. What people
call “objective” journalism began within corporate media in
the 20th century, and pretends to be neutral while it has biases that are entirely pro-corporate, without questioning the
fundamentals of our economy or our political system, because
a corporation owns their paper. It’s easy to avoid unfairness
here because we don’t do editorials or endorsements; now that
people can add their own voices to stories, there’s no market
value on us being blowhards—which is liberating!
—This interview was condensed by the author
THE LIGHTS COME UP
by Amelia Urry
lays almost always begin in darkness. Then the lights come up.
It took me five years of working on shows, and more than that
spent watching them, before I realized what
is happening in that moment of darkness,
as your eyes adjust and you feel yourself
about to disappear. When you can no longer be seen, or see anyone else around you,
your mind becomes still. The play in your
head, your life as staged for some unobservable spectator, pauses. Reality starts over
as the lights come up somewhere else.
I have a special interest in light. It was
mostly an accident, something to do with
knowing the right people at the right time.
What a weird hobby, to be a lighting designer. There are a handful of us here at
Yale, more than you might expect actually,
considering that no one knows where we
come from. Who decides to be a lighting designer? What little kid, twirling in
a tutu or contemplating the nature of art
with fingerpainted concentration, decides
to learn the difference between a Source
Four and an Altman? Probably fewer than
contemplate becoming divorce lawyers or
tax attorneys.
As a kid, I was, as many kids are, an
insufferable show-off. My cousins and I
staged labored skits for our patient parents on vacations, or performed dance
cycles to the entire Riverdance CD. The
last time I stood on stage, under lights so
bright I could not pick out the faces in the
crowd of the dark auditorium, I was about
seven and wearing the pink frilled uniform
of a dancing munchkin. I don’t remember
being nervous as I pranced around my
parasol with all the other munchkins. Afterwards, all the parents gave their children bouquets bought in the lobby during
intermission. I held mine in two arms, the
way starlets are supposed to clutch their
plaudits, like something careful and precious and, yet, expected.
I still am a closet show-off, but now I
limit myself to the things I know I am good
at. The first moment I doubted my ability to
perform on stage was at day camp during
one of those long summers between grades
in elementary school. Everyone auditioned
P
for the musical, because that was our activity for the next two weeks and there was
nothing else to do. In the room, the man behind the table asked me to sing something.
Anything. I felt something plummet abruptly from the back of my throat to somewhere
in my lower abdomen. How stupid not to
have expected that question. Never mind!
I hurried to say. I’ll be stage crew this year.
I smiled, as if that’s what I wanted in the
first place. And I was the best goddamn
stage crew the camp had ever seen.
I don’t think I ever intended to stay behind the scenes, but that is the last time
I stood on the receiving side of an audition table. I figured I would get a feel for
the process, get comfortable, and try again
next year. Or maybe the one after that. By
the time I was neck deep in the social morass of high school, I was less likely than
ever to risk an audience. But by then theater was mostly about people who came
together over shared work. It didn’t much
matter what that work was. I stage-managed when I could, directed one show and
wrote another, built sets and climbed ladders, everything but stand on the stage
itself. My role models at the time were
all writers; theater was a diversion, I told
myself, something to keep me busy on the
weekends. If I kept doing theater, I knew, I
would have to find some more crucial role
to play. I thought I might end up as a playwright. Or a director. In some unspoken
part of me, there was still a dwindling hope
that I might discover a deeply, deeply hidden talent for acting, one that had simply
been quashed all this time by an unrelenting fear of being on stage.
Instead, I became a lighting designer. I
became a lighting designer, basically, by not
knowing what I was doing, but doing it often
enough that I began to learn some tricks.
Sometimes I stand on chairs, or move randomly from different seats in different parts
of the audience as I watch a rehearsal.
Sometimes I call out strings of numbers to
someone standing on the other side of the
theater. As I wait, something changes on
stage, and I call out more numbers.
And then there is that feeling of expertise,
when I am clinging to a ladder, reaching
up with a crescent wrench to adjust something no one else can see from the ground.
The mechanics of something so ephemeral
as light are surprisingly gritty. The sheets
of colored gel cut and jammed before the
lights. The long loops of cable that do not
want to coil neatly, which must be wrestled
with and tied down. The trick of a sticky
shutter, and how to weave the beams of a
plot together so that there is no irregularity
in the light, no darkness between the separate shafts and no spots that glare more
brightly than the rest. Through all of this,
the only time I stand on the stage is when
it’s empty, and I can stare into the hot
center of one light at a time, assessing its
angle, its glow, how it fits into the puzzle
of the stage.
To a layman, the role of the lighting designer must be one of the most obscure
titles on the playbill, somewhere up there
with “dramaturge.” The rest of it is much
easier to get a handle on: the actors act,
the director directs them, and the set designer builds something for them to stand
in. The lighting designer—well, the lighting designer moves the play along.
When the lights come up, the world under the lights is revealed as being qualitatively different from the world outside
it. Outside, the audience sits in the semidarkness, their legs crossed, still and
staring ahead at the people who begin to
move under the lights. Inside the world of
the play, held in a seamless net of light,
a story starts to unfold that must end in
the next hours. So time operates differently inside the stage world from outside.
It speeds up or slows down, it jumps, or
stops, or turns around. Identity is malleable, change is accelerated. Things that
happen on the inside of characters’ lives
are revealed on the outside. That’s what
light can do, at its best. It turns people
inside out.
That voice deep down never stopped
wanting to be an actor, but it is so easy to
want to be an actor. Look at them! They
stand there and look beautiful and live out
whole lives in front of everyone like it’s
the most natural thing. Who doesn’t want
to be that admired? But there is a certain
appeal to lighting design. You are wanted,
at least by desperate producers who know
how to flatter. You know your work is important, even if no one ever says as much
to you. “Don’t do it for the glory,” an older
designer told me a few years ago. “It will
never be glorious.”
Recently, I turned to some friends while
we were sitting in the theater. “Do you know
that I’m a poet?” I asked. I don’t think I’d
ever said that out loud, I’m a poet, except
as a kind of challenge. I am much more
used to saying, “I’m a lighting designer,”
for those occasions when I have to explain
how I spend so much time in theaters where
I am neither acting nor directing.
They both paused to figure out how
to answer. “I knew you were an English
major,” one friend said tentatively. In fact,
I am writing my senior thesis as a collection of poetry. There is nothing glorious
about poetry either, except that it is widely
acknowledged as being difficult. I rarely
think of the two forms of myself as separate; they are both informed by the same
sensibility in the end. They can both be
controlled, to a point, though both must
contend with the messiness that comes
from anything as spontaneous as life.
Light is the medium of theater the way
text is the medium of poetry. It interacts
with every single moment and object of
a play, which means it is invisible in the
way ubiquitous things always are. It is the
consciousness behind the play; it moves
with and without the sound; it shapes the
set and its shadows; it calls actors to the
stage and sends them away again with inscrutable authority.
As a commonly-held belief among techies has it, the best lighting design is
the kind the audience doesn’t notice. No
one in the audience notices it. But that’s
not right. The best lighting doesn’t hide,
but moves with a logic so natural to the
play that its effect cannot be disentangled
from the whole. That’s the job of the storyteller, too, not to be the actor, within the
moment, but to be the watcher without,
among, around it all.ß
—Graphic by Madeline Butler YH Staff
7
OPINION
YOUNG FOLKS
WRITING ON
THE WALL
by Jack Schlossberg YH Staff
On Tues., Nov. 6, young voters revealed that old people have no idea
what we’re thinking.
Much to the surprise of pollsters, pundits and politicians alike—many of whom
claimed young people had soured on
President Obama and were the least likely
to vote in this election—half of America’s
youth voted in the presidential election, at
about the same rates as they did in 2008.
In fact, young voters made up a larger
percentage of the electorate than they did
even then (19 percent compared to 18
percent) and again, they overwhelmingly
supported President Obama—specifically, 60 percent did. To be sure, this demographic delivered the decisive votes in
Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Florida.
With 1,350 students voter in Ward 1
alone, Yale was no different. According
to Yale College Democrats President
Zak Newman, JE ’14, the 2012 election drew a larger turnout than did the
2008 election.
Only in the 1972 election—the first
election to enfranchise 18 year olds—
has participation among voters ages 1829 been higher. (That year, 55 percent
of young people headed to the polls.)
In 1996, forever an example of American youth apathy, only 39 percent of
young people voted.
Our differences from past generations
aren’t limited to our civic engagement.
We’re the first generation to grow up with
the Internet, an entirely global economy,
and all of our friends in our pockets. We’re
always multitasking—busy documenting
our every move. Amid all of this, we gave
up our routine and went to the polls; for
some reason, we voted.
Voting isn’t something to be proud of—that
misses the point—and it’s not charitable or
selfless really. It’s our responsibility and our
privilege. I see our impressive turnout not
as an achievement, but as evidence of our
generation’s new standard for civic engagement. This election and our participation in
it indicate that, above all else, we represent
a departure from past generations.
8
To make the claim that we are fundamentally different from our predecessors
would have been premature in 2008. We
had only showed up once—our sample
size wasn’t big enough. Four years ago,
you could have called it a fluke. Now, our
sustained engagement has shown that
we’re different.
The unique experience of our generation has shaped our prioities, showing us
the importance of civic engagement. In
school, we were the first generation to
be taught about global warming. The Internet hasn’t just made us impatient and
self-obsessed—its wealth of information
has also given us an eye for bullshit and
an abhorrence for inaction. While our parents grew up in the shadow of the Cold
War, we grew up without the twin shadows of the World Trade Center. We’ve
been told over and over that America is
in decline.
Above all, we’re different because we
don’t have the luxury of time. The problems we face—an environment heading
toward disaster, a national debt larger
than it has ever been, and a broken education system, to name a few—are not
the problems of the ‘60s or the ‘90s. We
can’t leave a mess for our kids to clean
up because it’ll be too late. So last Tuesday, we seized an opportunity to make our
mark: we voted for the legalization of gay
marriage in Maine and Maryland, and the
legalization of marijuana in Colorado; we
chose a president who supports equal pay
for women, marriage equality, reproductive rights, immigration reform, and a fair
tax code.
To us, these things are a matter of
common sense. On Tuesday, we showed
that we welcome our responsibility to
meet these challenges and recognize that
government must play a central role in our
efforts if they are to succeed.
While we need not seek approval from
older people, maybe if we stop tweeting
about our bowel movements they’ll finally
catch on and stop underestimating us.
That, however, is a long shot.
by Jake Dawe
Your academic life is spread out in front
of you: books, computer, pens and pencils,
tear/snot-splattered tissues. Perhaps the
light is flickering above, giving an authentic drug cartel vibe. You are alone. You are
in the stacks of Sterling Memorial Library.
You’re on edge. A harrowing amount of
work has driven you up here, as opposed to
the run-of-the-mill desperation that would
drive you to Bass. At the bottom of your
bag there might be a flask, just in case—
drinking alone is an accomplishment, ladies and gentlemen.
You’re about to admit defeat. Clumps of
hair, flecked with blood, litter your level-two
German textbook. (You’ve ripped your hair
out, just to see if you still had the capacity to
feel.) As you bow your head to begin weeping onto a transcribed dialogue of Hans and
Gisela discussing the virtues of bratwurst
and Angela Merkel’s pantsuits, something in
front of you catches your eye: writing on the
wall—stacks graffiti. You lean closer to read
it. “I’m so horny even the crack of dawn better watch out for me.” Mmmm. Poetic. Your
eyes scan on the wall. “For MANLY love, be
here March 25, 2000. 2:15 pm Sharp.” You
facepalm; you’re too late!
Past Yalies have left so many messages
up in the stacks for future Yalies to read, to
the point that some have aged into illegibility.
Some come across as advice: “Do the duty
that lies nearest to you.” Some seem more
like affirmations: “Know that you are loved.”
Several messages are patently factual: “Mary
Millz wuzzz hurrrrr.” Other messages are
pleas: “I don’t want to grow up.”
Writing on walls is a unique mode of
communication. Future tenants of whatever desk you happen to occupy might
write you back, provided you write something worth answering. This back-andforth turns a wall into a conversation,
a conversation between Yalies separated
by months and years. Near the line “I
don’t want to grow up…” someone has
answered, “You are in no danger of
that (mentally).” After the bold statement “Love doesn’t exist!” is written,
“only lust,” and, from different schools
of thought, “I’m just sorry you’ve never
been in love,” and “BULLSHIT”.
One particular desk, though, has
moved from a graffiti back-and-forth into a
charged dialogue, attracting the attention
of plenty of past occupants. “I don’t know
if I’m doing this right. And I’m scared”;
nearby, at another desk, the wall calls out,
“I’m afraid I’m not making the most of this
place.” Below these crises of confidence,
other Yalies have answered: “Ditto,” “ME
TOO,” “Backatcha,” “Same,” “We’re all
scared…life is frightening.”
Yalies have taken to the walls of the
stacks to list their anxieties in silent protest.
These anxieties are native to Yale. They are
the ghosts of what has already been felt. But
we should not content ourselves to scribble
away our worries, however poetically, on the
cold desks of dark, cavernous libraries.
I love the writing in the stacks. It can
be funny and heartfelt. But we have to do
more than this anonymous manifestation of
anxiety. We have to do better than writing
our worries on walls and walking away from
them when we leave a desk. These angstridden scribbles don’t solve our problems,
however honest they may be. We must pair
the poetry of these scrawled protests with
action and recognition—recognition of the
problems that cause such protest.
One student, however long ago, wrote, “I
love Sarah P., but she doesn’t know I exist.”
Then talk to her. Another Yalie etched in,
“This semester is going to shit. I hate it.”
Then do something about it. Hell, drop a
class. Someone else complained, “This paper is due in an hour, but I really need to
poop.” Then move your ass and poop.
The walls of the stacks are proof that
our anxieties are shared. When you stare
at the graffiti up there, you are staring at
literally decades of love, regret, worry, determination, unhappiness, and digestive
issues. Let’s read them as more than confessions—they can be our calls to action.
Maybe the writers of the messages couldn’t
muster the courage to change their situation, but we can.
—Graphic by Lian Fumerton-Liu YH Staff
yale institute of sacred music presents
Yale Schola Cantorum
Masaaki Suzuki, Director
saturday, november 10 · 5 pm
Christ Church Episcopal · 84 Broadway (at Elm)
J.S. Bach: Three Cantatas
with members of
Yale Baroque Ensemble
Free; no tickets required. More
information at 203.432.5062 or
www.yale.edu/ism. Presented with
support from Yale School of Music.
yale institute of sacred music presents
Cappella Pratensis
stratton bull, artistic manager
The Renaissance of Polyphony
monday, november 12
8 pm
Christ Church Episcopal
84 Broadway, New Haven
Free; no tickets required. More information at www.yale.edu/ism.
Getting schooled
Elm city’s parent education initiative
by Wesley Yiin
Y
ou don’t know what tired is until you’ve
been a parent!” Mayor DeStefano
shouted to a crowd of over 200 New
Haven parents and caretakers seated
in Gateway Community College’s packed cafeteria on the morning of Sat., Nov. 3. His remarks elicited cheers and nods of agreement
from the audience, some of whom chattered
away in English, Spanish, and countless other
languages, while others sat alone, nervously
glancing at the hectic schedule they’d been
given for the day.
The occasion was Parent University. First
conceptualized and run in cities like Boston
and Philadelphia, the event provided an opportunity for parents, friends, and family of New
Haven public school students to participate in
free workshops, covering topics that ranged
from eating healthily on a budget to disciplining children in a safe and effective way to securing financial aid for college tuition. “The
goal of Parent University is to engage parents
as learners, teachers, leaders, and advocates,” Patricia Melton, executive director of
the New Haven Promise scholarship program,
said. The event was a collaboration between
the city’s public schools, New Haven Promise,
and the United Way of Greater New Haven, an
organization that brings together citizens and
civic leaders to push for reforms in areas of
education, health, and income inequality. The
event differed from those it was modeled on in
one key way: New Haven’s Parent University
offered workshops that would improve not only
parenting skills, but also the lives of the parents themselves.
Parent University is something of a cul-
10
mination of New Haven’s School Change
Initiative (SCI), which Abbe Smith, director
of communications for New Haven public
schools, described as a “nationally recognized school reform process.” The jampacked Gateway lobby was a testament to the
larger campaign of the New Haven Board of
Education to reach out to and connect with
the parents of New Haven students. Indeed,
though the SCI involves efforts to change
many components of the existing education
interviews. By the end of the one and a half
hours, the approximately 10 attendees, who
had initially been quiet and shy, were confidently volunteering to discuss their resumes
with the class. One mother proudly talked
about her computer skills, telling the group
how many words per minute she could type.
Another parent revealed to us that she was a
certified and experienced paralegal.
The primary emphasis of the day, however,
was to encourage parents to engage with their
disappointing—all he had us do was measure
reaction time by catching a ruler.
Still, parent Marisol Albarran felt that the
workshop was important to attend. As the
mother of a 10-year-old son, she emphasized
to me her desire to get more involved in her
child’s education. Having already spent some
time volunteering in schools, Albarran felt
that the workshop was the perfect way to get
an idea of what her son was learning. She
had only one complaint: “The workshops are
“The goal of Parent University is to engage parents as
learners,teachers, and advocates.”
—Patricia Melton, executive director of New Haven Promise
system, from reforms in teaching methods to
administrative changes, the initiative also focuses on the often over-looked area of “wraparound services.” These are services that can
have significant effects on students’ ability
to learn but are often unacknowledged and
difficult to monitor. Parent University, in its
aims to make improvements in family and
home life, is part of this broader initiative to
focus on wraparound services.
The 35-plus workshops were an opportunity for parents to share and receive tips
on how to parent, while also offering advice
for success in their own lives. One workshop,
titled “Help, I need a job! Successful job
search strategies,” focused on skills for job
children’s schooling, and help families become active partners in their children’s education. “Probably the most important thing in a
kid’s school success is how involved parents
are in what they’re doing,” Laoise King, vice
president of Education Initiatives for United
Way, told The New Haven Independent. One
workshop that embodied this message was
“Success in Science: A Hands-on Workshop,”
led by Richard Therrien, the science program
supervisor for New Haven public schools. Despite having a small group of only five participants, Mr. Therrien did his best to clarify and
help the attendees learn how to navigate the
New Haven science curriculum. The “handson” portion of the experiment was admittedly
too long!” If the timeslots were shorter, she
explained, more could fit into the day, allowing for participants to attend more of these
workshops. “I’d go to them all!” she said.
Albarran was one of the many parents I encountered who was willing and eager to complete the ultimate role reversal, transforming
from authority figure to pupil.
At lunch, Karen Mapp, lecturer on education and director of the Education Policy and
Management Program at the Harvard Graduate School of Education gave the keynote address. The New Haven native discussed the
importance of family engagement in a child’s
education. Drawing upon her research and
administrative experience in Boston, Mapp
(Rebecca Wolenski/YH Staff)
highlighted an important issue: while parents sometimes don’t know why they should
become engaged in their children’s lives,
more often the confusion lies in how to do
so. “We want our parents to say: ‘You can!’”
she said her own students had told her.
Mapp gave examples of simple methods of
engagement in education, such as reading to
That same sense of collaboration was
seen among the parents themselves. Parent University was an opportunity to give
and receive help from other parents. At one
workshop I attended, for instance, when two
non-English speakers walked in late, another
Spanish-speaking mom invited them to sit
next to her and became an impromptu transla-
As 200 parents, caretakers, nonprofit
organizers, and schoolteachers gathered
together, they worked too build a proparent, family-oriented community.
children at a young age. She concluded that
Parent University was about “partnership”
between students, parents, schools, and the
community.
Melton explained that Parent University
was a partnership allowing like-minded individuals and organizations to meet, creating,
yet again, a community of positive parental
and familial influences. “[Parent University]
gave [New Haven Promise] the opportunity to
work with other nonprofits who have similar
goals in serving the New Haven community,”
she said, listing groups like School Haven and
the New Haven Moms Partnership, both of
which were present at Parent University, as
nonprofits that Promise hoped to work with
again in the future.
tor. Later, during the financial aid session, one
parent shared a treasured scholarship website
that she used for her own child with the others. By doing so, she felt she was helping to
establish a “college-going culture.”
As two hundred parents, caretakers, nonprofit organizers, and schoolteachers gathered
together, they worked to build a pro-parent,
family-oriented community. In particular, they
worked to promote a vision of community with
an emphasis on college. The seven-hour day at
Gateway was about more than passing down
useful tips on writing a strong resume, or demonstrating the science curriculum at the Elm
City’s public schools. It was about shifting the
expectations for the future of New Haven’s students. My final workshop of the day was by
far the most crowded, with over 20 parents
huddled together, eager to learn about college admissions and financial aid. Financial
aid representatives from Quinnipiac University and Gateway Community College led the
discussion on financing expensive college
educations. Everyone in the room paid close
attention, scribbling furiously and frequently
raising their hands to ask questions. “If you
talk to [students] early and often about college,
they’ve already got that goal in mind,” Betsy
Yagia, New Haven Promise’s communications
and research coordinator, told her audience
at a different college planning workshop. “We
want students to say, ‘Where will I go to college?’ not ‘Will I go to college?’”
For New Haven students, this shift in thinking is crucial. A New Haven Independent article reported earlier this year that the high
school dropout rate for the city’s class of 2011
was 25.1 percent, which was actually an improvement from previous years. Another Independent piece reported that only 59% of New
Haven’s class of 2012 graduates enrolled in
college last year.
Elisha Brown was excited by the pro-college message of the day. Brown, who has three
children, two in high school and one already
in college, attended two college-focused workshops. Despite already working at the Family
Resource Center at the Wexler-Grant School,
she said she had learned of a lot of new information and resources that she didn’t know of
before. She was eager to share them at Wexler-Grant in an effort to continue communal
exchanges of information, and to help her own
kids at home as they prepare for their futures.
As parents and advocates packed up their
belongings and headed home, Melton hoped
that people’s interest would remain even after
they left Gateway that day, so that participants
would stay in touch and further strengthen
their sense of community. When asked about
possible improvements that could be made to
the event, Smith had difficulty coming up with
a clear answer. Instead, she looked up and
pointed to the hundreds of parents that had
eagerly turned out for the school day, and said
the event had gone “better than we could’ve
imagined!” She sounded pleasantly surprised.
But the job isn’t finished just yet—at least,
that’s what King from United Way assured me.
Parent University was just one program to help
parents navigate the “bureaucracy of the really
big school system.” Many additional initiatives,
including more sessions of Parent University
and smaller local workshops, are on the way.
“New Haven is leaps and bounds ahead of
other urban school districts, and Mayor Destefano and the superintendent deserve a lot of
credit,” King said. And, with their continued
support, the road ahead has never looked so
good in King’s eyes. Parent University underscored more than just the importance of supplying the financial resources to send New
Haven’s future generations to college.
The event was part of a larger effort to
change people’s attitudes towards college and
to make parents informed participants in their
children’s educations. Though the effects of
Parent University remain to be seen, the event
was a valuable step in helping to transform
New Haven into a more supportive and family-oriented city.
11
12
Major promotion
Andrew Wagner, TD ‘15, checks in on the Ethnicity, Race, and
Migration program in its first full semester
as a stand-alone major
ould we make Yale declare a major in
comic books if we spent enough time
marching in front of President Levin’s
house?” So wonders Alex Zubatov, PC ‘97,
in a Feb. 14, 1997, column for the Herald.
Entitled “Creation of an all-about-me-major,” the piece was a response to Yale’s creation of the Ethnicity, Race, and Migration
(ER&M) major. Later in the article, Zubatov
refers to an “ethnic studies gestapo,” and
calls those protesting for an ethnic studies
program “spoiled kids.”
Such an article now seems offensive—
indeed, the language is so over-the-top,
one might even assume that it’s a parody.
(It’s not.) But what about ER&M’s creation
spurred such a reaction? And do these hostile feelings persist today?
ER&M was created as a “secondary” major, meaning that students could only major
in the program if they paired it with another—in other words, if they double-majored.
But on Feb. 2, 2012, Yale College’s Committee on Majors unanimously voted to make
ER&M a permanent, stand-alone major.
Although many of Yale’s more established
departments, such as history or political
science, may consider race in their courses,
ER&M, the University’s closest analog to the
ethnic studies departments found at other
schools, puts race at the core of its studies.
The major is by definition interdisciplinary,
working through a variety of departments to
gain a better understanding of race and eth-
C
nicity, and serving as a hub
for these studies at Yale, both
inside and outside the classroom.
Both students and faculty feel
that ER&M s promotion to standalone status is a recognition of its
students and faculty who are
passionate about ethnic studies are picking up where the
founders of the major left off,
and it seems fair to say the quest
to broaden the diversity of voices in
the classroom, though long-term, is
struggles and stories of people of color. In
response to their calls, UC Berkeley founded
the nation’s first ethnic studies department.
The success at Berkeley sparked a trend of
student groups across the country protesting for similar programs.
But Yale’s own formation of an ethnic stud-
“It’s not that often that Yale undergraduates take an initiative
in reshaping their collective education.”
—professor Michael Denning, GRD ‘84
legitimacy, and that this will secure an institutional place for the study of traditionally underrepresented populations. ”For me,
[ER&M] is part of that larger history of people
struggling to get representation in the academy,” Eb Saldaña, ES ‘14, an ER&M major,
explained. That fight, according to students
and professors around for the program’s
founding, was remarkably un-dramatic. But
the question of whether its status as a primary major is the be-all-end-all in the quest
for representation remains. I checked in on
ER&M in the first semester after its conversion to see what tangible developments have
been made, and what steps still lie ahead
for this course of study at Yale. Today’s
as crucial at this moment as ever.
ESTABLISHED IN 1998, ER&M CAME
long after the establishment of ethnic studies departments in peer institutions across
the country. The field of ethnic studies traces
its history to California’s Bay Area in the year
1969. In that place, at that time, a group of
students was increasingly frustrated by the
lack of institutional representation of people
of color at San Francisco State University
and the University of California at Berkeley. Their growing anger and outrage led to
the formation of the Third World Liberation
Front, a protest movement that demanded
classes focusing on the previously unheard
ies program, as well as those of many other
East Coast schools, wouldn’t take shape for
nearly 30 years. Yale students in the ’90s
were given few opportunities to pursue this
field. Although the University offered some
courses that covered topics like MexicanAmerican or Native American studies, these
were all staffed by part-time, untenured faculty, who taught the courses on an ad hoc
basis. There was no institutional framework
in place for students interested in pursuing
research in ethnic studies, professor Alicia
Schmidt-Camacho, current DUS of ER&M,
said. “If you were a student wanting to look
at the electoral politics of Latinos in political
science, where would you find the expertise
13
to supervise such a research project?” Such
a student would have been faced with a lack
of resources and relevant courses and faculty—and would most likely have been unable to complete the project.
Yale was not alone in its lack of an ethnic studies program; indeed, this field had
never taken hold among Ivy League schools
in the way it had at West Coast universities.
However, the ’90s saw East Coast students
grow increasingly dismayed over the lack of
ethnic studies at their universities. In turn,
students began to call upon their schools to
add courses and professors in fields such as
Asian-American and Native American studies. Often times, these protests could be
dramatic. In 1995, a group of 17 Princeton
students organized a 35-hour sit-in at the
university president’s office; at Columbia,
students organized a hunger strike.
Around this same time, Yale students also
began to organize and advocate for expanded offerings in the field of ethnic studies,
though their protests never reached quite
the same intensity as protests elsewhere.
According to professor Michael Denning,
GRD ’84, the first chair of the ER&M program, calls for ethnic studies-type offerings
came in two waves. The first, at the beginning of the ’90s, were demands for more
specific majors, like Asian-American or
Latino studies departments. It wasn’t until the latter part of the decade that the
disparate groups came together under a
group they called Coalition for Diversity,
and called for a singular ethnic studies
program—what Denning refers to as the
“second wave” of student interest. These
students campaigned heavily, distributing
journals and political magazines, and organized a conference of solidarity for their
protesting peers at other universities.
Denning recalls this student organizing as
a unique moment in Yale’s history. “In
my experience, it’s not that often that
Yale undergraduates take an initiative in reshaping their collective education,” Denning
said. “As individuals, people shape their own majors.
But for the most part, people come here and accept the
education that has been shaped
for them….And I would say this
was the one moment where there
was a group of students who really wanted to think seriously about what
the shape of their undergraduate education
would be, how that might get changed, and
how a different kind of curriculum would get
set up. That was very exciting.”
Denning was one of a number of professors who were instrumental in the creation
14
of the ER&M program. In response to student advocates, then-Dean of Yale College
Richard Broadhead, BR ’68, GRD ’72, put
together a faculty advisory committee to look
into creating an ER&M major, on which Denning sat. In turn, the faculty advisory committee began a collaborative effort with the
students to make an ethnic studies program
a reality. But this effort took time—a lack of
full-time staff meant the major couldn’t yet
be created, and so the first goal was to turn
previous part-time positions into full-time
faculty positions.
Denning chalks up the time it took to create the ER&M program less to administrative opposition than to the “general inertia
of an institution.” “Yale is one of those giant
ocean liners—it doesn’t turn very quickly,”
Denning said.
Then there was the matter of what the
curriculum of the program should look like.
Araceli Campos, MC ‘99, who was one of
the first four ER&M majors and played a
key part in the formation of the program,
explained that both students and faculty
wanted ER&M to be more than just an ethnic studies program, which is what led to
the “migration” component. “Studies of migration, as a substantive study, were considered new,” Campos said. “That’s why the
major became ER&M—because at the time,
this was an almost revolutionary, innovative
way of looking at the field of study.”
After years of discussion, once it was clear
there were sufficient faculty and resources
to support a course of study, ER&M became
a major program—albeit a secondary one.
It was unclear whether the program would
be sustainable. But ER&M’s status was not
unique: Yale’s former international studies
major, which would later become the standalone Global Affairs major, could similarly
only be taken as a second major.
Part of the formation of the major was
the creation of a new course, “Introduction to Ethnicity, Race, and Migration,”
which is still taught today. Denning co-taught the class with
Patricia Pessar during ER&M’s
first year, and he can still recall the energy surrounding the
class, which, he adds, was probably the only time one of his classes
made the Yale Daily News.
“It still feels like a different course
than any other course that I’ve taught
here,” Denning said. “So often you feel like
you’re offering a certain syllabus and a certain course and people come essentially as
customers or spectators. That was a group
of students who came in saying, ‘This is the
course that we’ve fought for.’ They may not
have liked every bit of it, but they came in as
participants, in a way that was really quite
remarkable.”
TODAY’S ER&M PROGRAM IS QUITE A bit
different from its early days in the late ’90s.
Its growth took time. Though students had
been requesting to make ER&M a standalone major since the beginning, Stephen
Pitti, ES ‘91, current director of the ER&M
program, was wary of changing the program
too hastily. “We were concerned about our
own ability to service the major with so few
people who were tenured and stable, without a lot of staff support, without space,”
Pitti said. “We were concerned not to
promise something that we couldn’t
actually offer.”
But by the time ER&M
became a stand-alone program, what was once a
fledgling program had become a full-grown major, replete with resources and course
offerings. A variety of changes
over the past decade had led to
the program’s growth and development. The granting of tenure to
several key faculty members, like SchmidtCamacho, as well as the arrival of new faculty, like professors Ned Blackhawk and
Birgit Rassmussen, meant that a standalone ER&M program was finally conceivable. In addition, the major was
now housed in its own offices at 35
Broadway, and had also acquired a
full-time administrative assistant.
Because of these gains in resources, ER&M faculty like Pitti felt the major
was prepared for the challenges of being
a stand-alone program. A proposal was
submitted to the Committee on Majors for
ER&M to change its status from that of a
secondary to a stand-alone major, and the
committee granted the request. ER&M’s
conversion means that ethnic studies had
now become a stable, permanent part of
Yale. Indeed, this year marks ER&M’s first
two professor hires, Albert Laguna and Dixa
Ramirez, both of whom will be jointly-seated
in the American Studies and ER&M departments.
Over the years, ER&M has served
as a home for ethnic studies at
Yale. Crucial to the development
of this community has been ER&M’s
postdoctoral program. The program,
supported by the provost’s office,
brings recent Ph.D.’s to campus to
allow them to develop their scholarship. “The goal here is that we will
also be contributing to development
of faculty, both for hires at Yale, but
also for larger fields in the larger insti-
tutions of higher education,” Camacho said.
Indeed, ER&M’s postdoctoral program has
already directly affected Yale’s community
of professors: current assistant professor
Zareena Grewal was hired after her time as
an ER&M postdoc.
Although students may focus their studies on a particular region or ethnic group, a
key aspect of the major is that students are
constantly encouraged to think globally and
comparatively. “Serious engagement with
any of these fields or any of these populations takes you into a global frame of analysis very quickly,” Schmidt-Camacho said.
Indeed, students’ studies may include
immigrant migrations, diasporas, or the
effects of global capitalism.
Most all of the majors interviewed explained that they especially enjoy ER&M because
of its focus on peoples whose
stories, they found, had otherwise
been missing from the classroom.
Heidi Guzman, SY ’14, explained
that ER&M offered a sort of alternate timeline to the one she had been
taught in her high school classes. “Learning about minorities in high school was not
a thing that happened,” Guzman said. “Being able to take [Intro ER&M]
and learn that perspective was
really important for me.”
Courses in Yale’s more
traditional departments
might not fully address
the experiences of minorities. “ER&M classes
are designed to make [race
and ethnicity] the center of
the discussion, rather than
a single lecture in a series
of lectures,” Saldaña said. Often, too, ER&M provides students with a
framework and vocabulary for making sense
of racism in ways that they may not have
previously been able to. As Saldaña put it,
“ER&M turned on a switch for me that I
have trouble turning off.”
In keeping with its origins, ER&M remains
a very student-oriented major—something that majors cite as an advantage
to the program. This is due in part to
the way it’s structured. Unlike other
major in which students may choose
a concentration out of a fixed set of
four or five tracks, students in ER&M
have to design their own unique programs
of study. These customized concentrations
are extremely diverse in nature; in the past,
they have ranged from “Comparative Refugee Studies” to “Commercial Globalization
and Linguistic Adaptation.” Schmidt-Camacho notes that the ER&M major often
changes and develops in response to these
student projects and concentrations, with
their diversity and range leading to new areas of study previously untouched by the
ER&M curriculum.
Perhaps most importantly, what students
really love about ER&M is its tight-knit community. Katie Aragon, TD ’14, felt that when
she looked at other majors, she was brushed
aside by the professors. But in ER&M, she
found professors who she felt were supportive and would take care of her and her peers.
Amaris Ogulin, DC ’15, agreed, noting that
her relationship with her professors extends
beyond the classroom: “I see my professors
being activists and going into the community. I see them seeking the students that
want to major in ER&M and creating strong
relationships [with them].”
For many students, the study of ER&M
also happens extracurricularly. Both Pitti and
Schmidt-Camacho cite students’ involvement in the community, whether at Yale or
in New Haven, as a strength of the program.
There are official paths for facilitating this
kind of engagement in the major: “Intro to
ER&M” is one of several Yale courses which
includes a Community-Based Learning
(CBL) option, in which students, in lieu
of doing a paper, complete a project
with a local New Haven organization. Guzman, for instance,
worked with New Haven
group Junta for Progressive
Action, helping them to develop, and ultimately implement, an English as a Second
Language curriculum in New Haven schools.
ER&M courses often lead students to pursue other forms of activism beyond the CBL option, too. Alfonso
Toro, TC ’15, found himself inspired to enact change in the community after taking an
ER&M course titled “Latino/a Sexualities.”
According to Toro, the class opened his
mind to how the intersections of being Latino, identifying as LGBT, and coming from
different socioeconomic backgrounds shape
peoples’ perspectives. He had previously
noticed a bit of a gap between Yale’s Latino
and LGBT communities, and so he formed
a student discussion group, De Colores,
where students can discuss the intersection
of these identities. Toro said he sees the
recent LGBT Co-Op dance, which was co-
to criticism. In a column titled “ER&M’s
Got Problems,” published on Feb. 6, 2012
in the Yale Daily News, Nathaniel Zelinsky,
DC ’13, who did not respond to an interview
request for this article, offered a critique of
the new major on a variety of fronts: that
it attracts a certain student with a preconceived worldview; that it is simply the latest in an overabundance of majors; that it is
part of a troubling trend of hyper-specializiation; and that students in the major would
find a lack of ideological diversity among
their classmates. Zelinsky’s chief criticism,
however, was that he believes ER&M, like
certain other departments—namely Judaic
studies and Women, Gender, and Sexuality
Studies—conflates politics and academics: “Taught by liberal faculty who do not
always separate their views from their teaching, these majors cheapen our community’s
commitment to academic neutrality.”
Many ER&M students in the major recall columns like Zelinsky’s with frustration.
“That was such a bad day for me,” Saldaña
recalled. “Because I was just like, ‘Yay, I get
to finally do what I want to do, academically.’
I was really excited to have that freedom, and
people were bashing the major.”
Pitti strongly rejects that idea that ER&M
encourages a singular political view,
saying that his students represent
the entirety of the political spectrum. “[ER&M] is a program
that fosters disagreement and
argument, and does what all
programs and departments do,
which is to provide a space for
discussion and debate,” Pitti said.
But some students say that they
feel conceptions of ER&M as having a political slant extend throughout
Yale’s student body. “Even my close friends
who know what I study and do in the major
are like, ‘Oh, but it’s super leftist,’” said Diana Enriquez, SY ’13, a former double major
in ER&M who recently dropped it.
Many of the students interviewed felt that,
if it’s true that ER&M is political, then that’s
only because all academia is necessarily political. “I think people are very quick to assume that anything that’s related to identity-based groups is political,” Enriquez said.
“And in some ways it will always be political.
But I think ignoring the fact that majors like
Classics or economics are also pretty politically-loaded is just not correct.”
of ideas you want to espouse when dealing
with real people.”
Often times, too, students may perceive
ethnic studies courses as being exclusively
of interest to people of color. Katie Aragon,
TD ’14, feels strongly that this is not the
case, and that ER&M courses should be
taken by all types of students. “It’s not one
of those things where it’s, ‘Oh, all the ethnic minorities go to ER&M.’ It’s not meant
to be exclusive,” Aragon said. Professor
Ned Blackhawk, who specializes in Native
American Studies, said that while the major does help serve a variety of traditionally
under-represented social communities, it
also attracts and fulfills the interests of all
kinds of students, not simply Native American ones, or other students of color. And
this, he said, is a “healthy sign of a vibrant
academic program.”
More broadly, some take issue with the
interdisciplinary mix of traditional departments—like literature, history, and anthropology—that constitutes the ER&M program. Howard Stern, a senior lector in the
German and literature majors, feels that it’s
better for students to focus on a singular
discipline, and gain depth, than it is to learn
a large variety of disciplines. “It’s far from
clear that serious work can be done between
disciplines,” Stern wrote in a statement to
the Herald. “It’s impossible to gain serious
knowledge of poetry by focusing at an early
stage on political history, sociology, philosophy, or evolutionary biology. That’s General
Education—not a bad thing, but no substitute for mastery.” Indeed, a 2007 report by
the Committee on Majors seemed to echo
this concern, noting that while a benefit of
interdisciplinary majors is that they can offer intellectual breadth, “the basic training
afforded by the specialized departmental
disciplines can be skimped on.”
Both professors and students in the
ER&M major, however, feel that its interdisciplinary nature is a boon. Professor Albert
Laguna, for instance, believes that the study
of Latino peoples specifically is best done
through an multidisciplinary lens. One can’t
understand things like migration or the global flow of people simply through a historical perspective, he feels, but must take into
account social and cultural factors as well.
As such, ER&M courses, in order to answer
questions like why Latinos are coming to the
United States—which is a focus of Lagu-
“For me, [ER&M] is part of that larger history of people
struggling to get representation in the academy.”
—Eb Saldaña, ES ‘14
sponsored by De Colores, as symbolic of two
different Yale communities coming closer together. For Toro, the academic approach to
a personal intersectionality was the motivator that pushed him to address the problems
he saw in his actual social world.
ER&M’s CONVERSION TO BEING A
STAND-alone major did not mean an end
Guzman, meanwhile, feels that when
dealing with the lives of historically oppressed peoples, certain viewpoints can
be harmful. “I think you can’t be conservative when you’re talking about the lives
of oppressed people,” Guzman said. “A
conservative perspective is important to
add to the discussion, but let’s not kid ourselves here, that’s not necessarily the kind
na’s class—might have to draw upon
fields like anthropology, gender and
sexuality studies, and literature. A
single discipline, Laguna argues, will
not suffice.
Guzman, too, sees the interdisciplinary quality of the major as critical.
The junior’s research for the Mellon Mays
fellowship looks at how migration influenc-
es Dominican immigrants’ articulations of
feminism. As such, her research draws on
a variety of disparate fields. ER&M brings
together professors from a variety of fields
that Guzman can then consult. For Guzman,
the program is a convenient synthesis of the
otherwise disparate and hard-to-find academic resources necessary to enfranchise
the people of her chosen interest. But for
others in the major, the low volume of faculty and courses taught at Yale remains an
issue—and one they believe ER&M is capable of solving.
EVEN ITS MOST VEHEMENT SUPPORT
-ers admit that ER&M is still not perfect,
and much growth in the program is still
necessary. Professor Schmidt-Camacho explained that she is “constantly conscious
that students are trying to find ways to meet
intellectual interests that they can’t meet
here yet.” Students and professors focus
especially on the Asian-American and Native American offerings in their goals for improvement. As it stands, the growth of the
ER&M major is a numbers game—sources
expressed the need for more faculty, more
courses, and more students to allow for a
larger, more extensive program.
Especially with regards to Asian-American studies, class offerings are notably slim.
Cathy Huang, MC ’15, a prospective doublemajor in the ER&M program, became interested last year in doing a research project on Asian-American history. Huang was
disappointed by the lack of classes dealing
with the Asian-American experience. “For
me and some other students, the concern
was that nobody who wanted to study AsianAmerican studies specifically would be able
to formulate a list of classes which would
give them something as comprehensive as
African-American studies or Latino-American studies,” Huang said.
As far as course offerings go, Huang points
to a single, regularly occurring class exclusively focused on Asian-American studies:
Professor Mary Lui’s lecture, “Asian American History, 1800-Present.” Though the
Bluebook has occasionally offered a seminar on Asian-American studies, students
are otherwise left with survey courses that
merely make mention of Asian-American
culture and history. A search on Yale Bluebook returns zero undergraduate courses
offered this semester that list AsianAmerican studies as their focus. By
comparison, Latino studies boasts
at least three fall 2012 courses,
and African-American studies
has an entire department’s
worth of offerings (19).
Indeed, the uneven
availability of courses
on differing ethnicities
reveals that
ER&M still
has much work
to
be
done. Regardless of
this
room to grow, however,
both students and professors still feel a great deal of
pride and passion for the program. Ultimately, in the push for
greater resources, it remains to be
seen where ER&M stands on Yale’s
list of priorities.
—Graphics by Zachary Schiller YH Staff
15
Lay down the law
Examining the new Ph.D. program at Yale Law School
by Alessandra Roubini
tudying the law in the United
States has long been characterized as a vocational pursuit. The
most common law degree in the
U.S. is the Juris Doctor, usually referred
to as a J.D.; it’s a degree designed specifically for the purpose of preparing students for careers as practicing lawyers.
On July 11, however, the landscape of
legal education changed dramatically
when Yale Law School (YLS) announced
its plans to implement a Ph.D. program
in law, the first of its kind in the United
States. Unlike a J.D., a Ph.D. in law is
strictly academic and is intended to prepare students not for practicing law, but
for teaching it.
In the past, to compensate for the absence of a law Ph.D., law school graduates who hoped to pursue careers in
academia received Ph.D.’s in different
but related disciplines, such as political
science or history. In many ways, these
disciplines go hand in hand with law, but
the lack of law Ph.D. programs has led
to an absence of proper legal scholarship, and this absence has, in turn, led
to a lack of coherence in various aspects
of legal thought. Robert Post, LAW ’77,
who is the dean of Yale Law School,
S
16
hopes that that the creation of this program will lead to the “consolidation of
the legal disciplines.”
The program began accepting applications in August, and the first class
Ph.D. programs, which often take up to
seven years to complete, the doctorate
in law will only take three years, in part
because students will come into the program having already studied much of the
more competitive than it used to be.” He
continued, “Applicants need to have a
much more developed writing portfolio.
This degree will put them in a much better
position in the job market.” John Paredes,
“The faculty is well positioned to develop this kind of
program, where at other schools it would have been less
plausible.”
—Gordon Silverstein, asst. dean for graduate programs at YLS
will begin in the 2013-2014 school year.
The program will accept only five applicants for its inaugural class. Post said
that while he cannot predict the number
of applications that the program will receive, he expects that the process will
be highly competitive. The program is
extremely well-funded, due in part to
a grant from the Mellon Foundation, as
well as various private donations. Applicants must have a degree from an
American law school in order to be eligible for consideration. Unlike most other
basic material in law school. The culminating dissertation will likely consist of
a series of scholarly articles, the likes
of which are necessary for those seeking
positions as law professors.
The ability to publish these articles
should make Ph.D. candidates more qualified candidates for teaching positions.
Gordon Silverstein, assistant dean for
graduate programs at the law school, said,
“There was something missing. In terms
of preparing students to become law professors, that market has become much
LAW ’13, agreed: “When you’re working
as a lawyer, you don’t have time to write
papers, and you don’t have the intellectual community to help you develop the
big ideas.”
According to Post, YLS had been discussing the possibility of creating this
degree for over two years, and Silverstein
expressed a similar sentiment. “It was a
long process and a long set of conversations within the Law School about the
academic argument and the professional
argument for this degree,” Silverstein
said. Although the program will be run
by the YLS administration and taught by
professors from YLS, this degree, like
all other Ph.D.’s, will be administered by
the graduate school.
According to Silverstein, the program,
which is unlike any other in the United
States, has the potential to change the
face of legal scholarship and teaching.
“It might have an important effect on
how we think about law because that’s
what’s been somewhat lacking,” he said.
“People tend to pursue a fairly narrow
agenda, and part of what a Ph.D. is
about is breadth and depth, so this will
afford people the opportunity to engage
in a broader conversation. Having a few
people on your faculty with that kind of
background will be exciting.”
With the creation of this program,
Yale Law School is making a concerted
effort to fill what it sees as a significant
gap in the current field of legal scholarship. According to Silverstein, Yale was
in a unique position to make this effort.
“Yale [Law School] is very small,” he
said. “It has a faculty that is second to
none. It has always been a remarkably
academic and thoughtful law school,
and it has a large number of people
who have published not just traditional
scholarship.” He added, “The faculty is
well-positioned to develop this kind of
program, where at other schools it would
have been less plausible.”
The legal community will watch the
program carefully over the first few years
Some students, however, are concerned that this new program remains
too much of an unknown entity. “No one
knows what it’s going to look like,” said
one Yale Law student who asked to remain anonymous. “It’s unclear how the
graduates will be received.” That same
Despite any concerns potential applicants might have, the Law School
remains optimistic about the success
and importance of the program. Many of
those interviewed for this article maintained that the shift from thinking about
law as simply a vocational pursuit to an
“When you’re working as a lawyer, you don’t have time to write
papers, and you don’t have the intellectual community to help
you develop the big ideas.”
—John Paredes, LAW ’13
of the program to monitor its success.
According to Silverstein, if the program
is successful, it is likely that other top
law schools will add Ph.D. programs
in law as well. “We know that other
schools have talked about it,” he said. “I
wouldn’t be at all surprised if they created a similar program.” Martha Minow,
dean of Harvard Law School, declined to
be interviewed for this article.
student added, however, that the program remains appealing because Yale’s
faculty will likely make a serious effort
to ensure the success of their first several rounds of students. “The Yale faculty
is investing a lot of its reputation in this
program,” the student said. “Because
they want the program to succeed, they
will put considerate effort into placing
the graduates well.”
academic one was a long time coming.
“I’ve long thought this was important
and that it was odd that it didn’t exist,”
Silverstein said. “It was long overdue.”
Post noted very simply that the goal of
the program is to improve legal education in the future. “In the long run,”
he said, “it will simply produce better
trained legal professors.”
—Graphic by Serena Gelb YH Staff
17
CULTURE
Sticking to their guns
by Andrew Koenig
S
ome years ago, my father came to the conclusion that he should own a gun. NRA magazines
soon littered the coffee table; trips to “the
range” became a regular feature of Sunday afternoons; spats between mom and dad over guns made
dinner table conversations livelier than usual. To this
day, he has a genuine penchant for gun culture.
Fast-forward two years and I am here at Yale, where
guns are all but absent from the conversation on campus. In fact, you’d be hard pressed to find something
on campus considered as gauche as gun enthusiasm.
The liberal atmosphere of Yale, one suspects, puts
something of a damper on dissenting views about divisive topics like gun control. But that does not mean
there is a universal consensus about gun control on
campus. Gun culture is still very much alive among
certain pockets of students, and its adherents are not
afraid of making their gun love heard.
Exhibit A is the Yale Skeet and Trap Club, which, in
its on-and-off existence stretching back more than a
century, has devoted itself to the sport of skeet shooting. The club, which actually competes as a team, is
one of the finest of its sort in the nation and has a
storied history to boot. Co-captains Molly Emerson,
DC ’13, and Tim Wescott, DC ’14, both said there is a
great sense of tradition embedded in the team. “[Skeet
and Trap] is a very historic part of Yale,” Emerson said.
“Our team is one of the oldest clubs here.” Although
the team’s primary focus is competition, she said its
members also seek to “carry on the tradition.”
Above all, Wescott said, it’s about having fun—as
in any sport. “The fun part, for me at least,” he said,
“is releasing all of your pent-up stress and frustration
on a Friday afternoon with your buddies by just annihilating things with a really, really powerful weapon.
That’s just the ultimate catharsis.”
There is also a Pistol and Rifle Club on campus.
According to president Cecilia Sanchez, BK ‘13, the
18
club offers opportunities in which “the Yale community can learn to shoot in a safe, supervised environment.” The Pistol and Rifle Club is, however, wary of
getting involving in the messier and more controversial aspects of gun culture; the emphasis for them
is purely recreational and competitive. When questioned about the national debate on gun control, the
Pistol and Rifle Club declined to comment.
Skeet and Trap similarly holds no official political affiliation as a club. However, Wescott conceded,
“[Skeet and Trap] doesn’t entirely consist of those of
the conservative persuasion, but it’s certainly heavily oriented towards conservatism. That just naturally
happens when you bring people together through
guns.” This bringing of people together through guns
might seem likely to alienate other students. Yet Emerson commented that the attitude towards Skeet
and Trap she most encounters is not hostility but
surprise: “People usually respond, ‘Hey, that’s something cool. That’s something different.’”
Along with recreational familiarity with guns,
geographical origin seems to play a determining
role in predicting a student’s stance on gun control. Texas native Truett Davis, PC ’16, reinforces
the notion that the two are closely linked: “I’m very
liberal,” he explained, “but [a need for] gun control
is something I don’t understand, just because I’ve
always been exposed to guns, so it’s never been a
question of safety.” Jacob Stai, a member of the
Independent Party, the YPU’s largest party, offered
another example. “Yale is certainly a lot more antigun than where I’m from,” said Stai, a member of
the Independent Party, the Yale Political Union’s
largest party. Stai comes from northern Wisconsin,
a region he characterized as largely pro-gun and
relatively rural. Stai attributed the differences in
opinion to the hunting culture that predominates
back home. When I asked whether origin influenc-
es if people are for and against guns, he readily
answered yes.
When I asked what he thinks the general attitude
towards guns is on campus, Stai swiftly responded
that it was almost entirely negative. He then conceded that this was an “over-characterization” and
that there are other important factors besides origin:
“It also makes a difference,” he added, “if you’re a
vegetarian, or [what] your opinion on animal rights
[is] in general.” But origin doubtless plays some role
in determining people’s views towards guns, so it’s
notable that a large proportion of Yalies comes from
metropolitan areas, where people are likely to have
different attitudes towards gun control issues than,
say, Stai’s neighbors in rural Wisconsin.
As both shooting groups on campus are relatively
removed from politics, the gun control debate seems
arise mainly in YPU debates. Various parties have
taken up the mantle of continuing this debate. Still,
gun control seems to get short shrift in comparison to
other, more hot-button issues. Within the Independent
Party, Stai said, the attitude is generally one that can
be characterized as “out of sight, out of mind.” He
added that gun control is an issue secondary in importance to the economy and other social liberties in
the election, and so doesn’t receive as much attention.
When discussed, though, he said there is little in the
way of agreement. Members’ views range from what he
called, “the Republican line of minimizing all control,”
to a more traditionally liberal, “ban ’em all” attitude.
Though many Yale students might not realize it,
there is a small but established community of recreational gun users among the student body. So while
debate on gun policy remains confined, for the most
part, to fairly insular YPU debates, perhaps it will
soon find a place at our own dinner tables.
—Contributed reporting by Elliah Heifetz and
Andrew Wagner YH Staff
The new brew
Bill Bezuk is the owner of the Eugene Backyard Farmer,
a small urban homesteading shop in Eugene, Ore., that
sells newly-hatched chicks and all the supplies for doit-yourself backyard chicken farming. According to Scott
Vignola, founder and owner of Luck & Levity, Bezuk is also
the “patron saint” of the new brew shop, located at 118
Court St. Luck & Levity held its official opening on the
evening of Fri., Nov. 2. When I sat down with Vignola amid
the debris from the opening event—a barrage of peanut
shells, popcorn kernels, and emptied cups of amber-tinted
ale from Branford’s Thimble Island Brewing Company—he
explained his quasi-religious view of Bezuk, whom he met
while working as a small business consultant in Eugene.
“Bill once said to me, ‘Chickens may be really popular
right now…but I’m always on the lookout for what the next
chicken is.’” With only six craft breweries, all of which are
fairly new, Connecticut has traditionally been more of a
wine state. Homebrewing seems to Vignola to be the next
logical “chicken.”
The shop boasts everything one could need to start and
grow a home brewery: 36 different varieties of hops, malts
that range from “warm caramel” to “toasted bread” flavors, chocolate-maple porter beer-making kits, wort chillers, sterilizers, and countless books with titles like The
Book of Beer Pong and The Book of Beer Awesomeness.
Jeff Shaw, a Yale postdoc in Molecular Biophysics and
Biochemistry who attended Friday’s opening along with
two of his classmates, summed up the shop’s appeal:
“It’s like if you enjoy cooking,” he said, “but it’s beer, so
it’s better.”
For now, Luck & Levity’s large, split-level, glass-fronted
space feels a bit like a pop-up warehouse assembled out
of IKEA boxes, largely empty with the exception of industrial, wooden wall-shelving, a wooden ramp, and two
oversized couches. But Vignola has big plans. “My long
term goal is that there are twice as many couches as there
are now, the wifi is twice as fast, and there’s a space here
where people can have parties or classes or workshops,”
he said. And the clincher? Vignola gestures to the empty
wall just opposite us: “A brew space. An industrial kitchen
with burners and all.”
Ultimately, perhaps the beauty of a space as large and
empty as that of Luck & Levity is that there is plenty of
space for even more chickens. “If everybody in the store
came in and only wanted cheese, this would be a cheesemaking store,” he told me, referring to the mass of disenfranchised fermenters that have entered his shop since the
soft opening, asking about alternative fermenting options
to pickling, canning, and preserving. “Somebody asked
me for miso. I was like, ‘Miso? Alright, yeah, I’ll see what
I can find out.’ If you’re going to serve the community
needs, that means it might be things you don’t expect.”
What really drives Vignola, though, is a penchant for social coordination. “Throughout history, the fermenting of
things has always brought people together,” Vignola said.
“You read a lot about how communities are breaking down
and people aren’t social the way they used to be. Rather
than be alarmist, I thought, why not focus on the positive
and try to create new communities.”
I thanked Vignola and moved towards the door. As I left
his shop, he yelled after me, “Come back any time to hang
out. We have wifi !”
—Katy Osborn
—Graphic by Christine Mi YH Staff
An American tune
On Mon., Nov. 5, a crisp fall afternoon, a smattering of students, faculty and other community
members gathered in the warm auditorium of the
Whitney Humanities Center for a musical tour of
the American past. Students in Professor Richard
Lalli’s class, “The Performance of Vocal Music,”
took to the stage to perform three categories of
American music: parlor songs from the mid-19th
century, and art and parlor songs from the turn of
the 20th century.
While some students in the performance class
are studying music or plan to go into the music industry, others merely enjoy the act of engaging with
texts and performing songs. “I was really happy because…it’s a real range of background experience,”
said Lalli, who clearly revels in the success of his students. He holds auditions for the class, which some
students simply refer to as “Lalli,” at the beginning
of the semester. Once he commits to a group of stu-
dents, that commitment extends beyond the confines
of the semester. Lalli, a 2005 Grammy award nominee, said he maintains contact with students and
helps them to find further opportunities.
“I feel like music is a liberal art,” Bryce Wiatrak,
PC ’14, who performed three songs, said. The semester’s focus on American music motivated Wiatrak
to plan on taking a second semester of the class.
“The best way to learn texts is to perform them,”
he said. Although Wiatrak is not majoring in music, he plans to attend music school after graduation and wants as much performance experience
as possible.
Lalli said he selected the theme of American music to coincide with Election Day, after remembering
the poignancy of a coincidental Election Day concert
he held for this class in 2000. “The text connection
is always the jumping off point. The songs are musicians’ attempts to interpret literary ideas through
music and sound,” Lalli said. “We have events in
American history that gave rise to these songs.”
The concert evoked a range of emotions, with some
songs bringing a somber mood into the hall and others an upbeat sense of excitement and opportunity.
“The Housatonic at Stockbridge,” by Charles Ives, YC
1898, reminded everyone of Yale’s long history: Yale
crew has rowed on the Housatonic River since 1843.
As the words of Egbert Van Alstyne’s Cheyenne
filled the Whitney Humanities Center’s auditorium,
the confines of the stained glass windows and woodpaneled walls melted away. “That’s one of the main
goals of music: to transcend life,” Lalli said. And
what better way to ponder the time and events to
come than by sitting back and letting parlor songs
wash over you at 5:00p.m. on the Monday before
Election Day.
—Jake Wolf-Sorokin
—Graphic by Zachary Schiller YH Staff
19
REVIEWS
What is a rose?
by Gareth Imparato YH Staff
he myth of Gertrude Stein has perhaps eclipsed the reality of the woman. She
is so closely associated with her rarified cultural scene that when we refer to
Stein, we are also referencing, in shorthand, Ernest Hemingway, Pablo Picasso, and F. Scott Fitzgerald. The extensive literary name-dropping of Woody Allen’s
2011 film Midnight in Paris and its subsequent commercial success are emblematic
of the relationship that most cultured people have with Stein: blind admiration. Her
mystique is compounded by the fact that while Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls
and Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby continue to be mainstays of high school curricula
and American literature syllabi, Stein’s own work is comparatively little-read. Stein’s
reputation is thoroughly established but both her personal character and the character of her writing are oddly hard to pin down.
Yale’s Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library is uniquely capable of providing insight into Stein, thanks to its possession of her collected works. Unfortunately,
the exhibit “Descriptions of Literature: Texts and Contexts in the Gertrude Stein
and Alice B. Toklas Papers,” which opened Oct. 8 and runs through Dec. 14, is
largely unhelpful in revealing much of anything at all. The exhibition aims to provide
a variety of resources for the Stein devotee, but its displays have evidently limited
thematic interests.
Some of the more interesting displays give us a selection of Stein’s books for
children. Stein’s obsession with the possibilities of language, and her association
with the art scene, both seem to suggest a realm of exciting possibilities for her
children’s literature. Unfortunately, for the most part the books are kept closed, so I
can’t tell you if they are as exciting as they potentially could be. When I read about
the never-realized children’s book Stein planned to write with Picasso illustrations
in her letters, I was exhilarated by the possibility—but of course here again, neither
the exhibit curator nor I can help but identify Stein in the context of her friends and
collaborators. The myth of Stein remains oddly impenetrable.
The second, larger focus of the exhibit attempts to delve deeper into the psyches
of both Stein and her companion and lover, Alice B. Toklas. Early this year, the Yale
University Press released definitive editions of Stein’s novel, Ida and her collection
of poems, Stanzas in Meditation. The new edition of Stanzas, boldly subtitled “The
Corrected Edition,” was edited on the basis of new research that suggests that the
word “may” was systematically removed from the text of the work and replaced with
“can.” The exhibit goes to great lengths to show the extent of these edits, presenting
its audience with sheets of manuscript paper, the typewritten “may” crossed out and
replaced with “can.” The explanation offered for this revision borders on the absurd:
May was the nickname of Mary Bookstaver, Stein’s first love. Toklas, after learning
of May’s existence decades after Stein last saw her, insisted that every mention of
her nickname be stricken from the text.
While this story lends a certain pulpy flavor to my own image of Stein and her
sexuality, as the effective centerpiece of an exhibit it seems remarkably flimsy. What
does this anecdote have to say about the force of the prose that surrounded those
mays, or the genius that wrote them? Very little, save that she had a jealous lover.
The self-congratulatory display card that informed me that the new edition of Stanzas in Meditation has had all its mays restored seems indicative of the kind of smallminded scholarship that this portion of the exhibit fetishizes. Stein was, I can only
assume, very aware of the many times the word “can” appeared in her published
text. If she had wanted it another way, I imagine she would have made it so.
T
20
Ultimately, the most interesting parts of the exhibit are the smallest ones,
tucked away between more prominent and largely insignificant artifacts. For instance, Stein’s letter to an early publisher, urging him not to change her punctuation even once despite its irregularities, seems far more meaningful to who she
was and what she wrote than any number of ink-stained manuscripts. She is clear,
direct, and forceful in that letter. Reading it, one can imagine how this woman
created Paris’s foremost salon.
The exhibit is poorly planned out and oddly executed, with some letters and objects placed apparently at random. That’s a pity; there’s a lot more to know about
Stein than a rose is a rose is a rose. Maybe she created a myth too compelling, too
pithy and witty and ensconced in fame, for us to be able to get past it. Certainly,
this exhibition could not.
(Courtesy WikimediaCommons)
Movie: Flight
Movie: Holy Motors
Our personal demons do not necessarily destroy us if we choose
never to confront them. We can learn to live with them perpetually
hanging over our heads. Flight, Robert Zemeckis’s first live-action film
since 2000’s Cast Away, illustrates the life-shattering consequences
of remaining apathetic about these demons.
Denzel Washington plays pilot Whip Whitaker. When the jet he is
flying suddenly takes a nosedive, Whip crash-lands in a field and saves
nearly everyone on board. But Whip is an alcoholic, and the ensuing
investigation leads to him being blamed for the disaster.
With films like Back to the Future and Forrest Gump among his past
work, Zemeckis has shown a talent for crafting quality films centered
on actors and the human experience, and Flight is no exception. The
film serves mostly as a character study of Whip and a commentary on
substance abuse. Washington succeeds in making his character sympathetic, despite his persistently self-destructive behavior. I’m glad to
see him step away from action movies for a while and show his real
acting skills in a script-driven project. On screen, he is best at delivering monologues, not shooting guns. John Goodman also appears as
Whip’s drug dealer and confidant, and steals every scene he’s in with
a stream of wry one-liners.
Flight’s mood can be subtle and nerve-wracking—the initial plane
crash sequence had me nearly hyperventilating in my seat and assuming the brace position. Those five minutes alone, with the passengers’
pure terror and Denzel’s calm demeanor, completely validate the rest
of the film.
There were times when I thought the movie was being overly didactic in its message; the threads of religion are thick, with examples
of unsubtle symbolism, and phrases like “miracle” and “act of God”
uttered by several characters. The occasional awkward presentation
of moral sound bites does not stop Flight from being a solid character
drama, and a welcome return for Zemeckis to making original movies
with an adult-level of emotional depth.
—Jackson Blum YH Staff
I would discourage you from watching Holy Motors. The fact that it
is Not Rated should give you some notion that you have no idea what
you’re getting yourself into. But if your curiosity overtakes you—an
easy trap to fall into, given the gorgeous trippiness of the trailer—and
you find yourself in Theater 8 at the Criterion, like I did, I advise you
to commit to the movie once the lights go dim. You will want to leave,
and you will be uncomfortable and offended, but, at the end of the
long, seemingly pointless journey, Holy Motors will surprise you with
its power.
Holy Motors is directed by the critically-acclaimed French filmmaker
Leos Carax, who lends his middle name to protagonist Oscar (Denis
Lavant). Whenever a film is so blatantly autobiographical, you know
the filmmaker is being serious. Indeed, Carax is extravagant and excessive: the film involves heavy, Oscar-worthy costuming, and the plot
drips with twists and turns as we watch Oscar, a professional actor of
the future, don mask after mask (transforming into an old hag, goblin,
or dying grandfather, for example) in what seems to be a typical work
day. In Carax’s vision of the future, cameras are invisibly small, so that
reality and film sets are indistinguishable, and limousines—“holy motors”—transport actors from job to job as they costume themselves for
each new role.
Thanks to Lavant’s wide range as an actor, the film manages to
shock in every way possible: pornographic sex involving crooked genitalia, cannibalism, the scent of potential incest and/or pedophilic violence — and manages to roll them all into one coherent satire. Though
the film strikes me most immediately as a satire of cinema, it also
leaves me wondering if it’s subject isn’t something broader, like religion or society at large.
—April Koh YH Staff
Music: Angel Haze
Game: Assassin’s Creed III
On the last song of her latest EP, Classick, Angel Haze tells the audience, “This might get a little personal, or a lot actually. Parental discretion is advised.” The line could be the tagline of the whole mix tape.
This latest work from the YouTube rap sensation is an extremely personal
record, filled with the same raw emotion of her past work. But unlike
Haze’s two breakout songs that drew the attention of the music world,
“New York” and “Werkin’ Girls,” the songs on this EP disclose the painful
details of the overnight star’s history. She discusses her life growing up,
as a victim of both domestic and sexual abuse. When we first heard Angel
Haze, we had no idea where this furious energy came from; in Classick,
she makes it pretty clear.
Classick is comprised of beats from instantly recognizable rap songs
that reveal many of Haze’s influences. Songs by stars like Lupe Fiasco, Jay-Z, and Lauryn Hill are ambitiously reworked by the 20 year old.
Though all the songs on the album are quite powerful, Haze’s version of
Eminem’s “Cleaning Out My Closet” is the most notable —it’s a harrowingly graphic tale of Haze’s stepfather sexually abusing her. She spares
no detail and makes you suffer right along with her.
Are any of these songs better than “New York” or “Werkin’ Girls?”
Probably not; they’re not as metrically tight. Is this album worth listening to? Yes. Does Angel Haze give us a hope for a future of rap in which
rappers carry the beat and not the other way around, when clever rhymes
and emotional power are not mutually exclusive? We will have to wait for
her first major album to drop in the spring, but I think yes.
—Otis Blum
As avid fans, our relationship with the Assassin’s Creed franchise
has always been a love story. The games’ thoroughly developed historical settings, charismatic characters, stunning visuals, and brutal
combat animations were in every way seductive and easy to fall in to.
Now, with Assassin’s Creed III, the latest major installment, we’ve
moved from Rome to the American northeast, but the elements we
initially fell in love with remain.
Assassin’s Creed III is set during the American Revolution, and the
backdrop is refreshing. While the architecture is not quite the Colosseum, the centerpiece of Assassin’s Creed II, the American northeast
is vast and bursting with possibility—particularly the wilderness. Between missions, Connor Kenway, our protagonist, can hunt for deer,
fend off predators, and manage the Homestead’s goods- and craftsbased economy. The forest may seem confusing to navigate, but the
revamped free running mechanism is more fluid than ever before,
making hurtling through the forest—no matter the season—effortless
and exhilarating.
The low points of the game are mostly in the main storyline. While
the opening hours of the game give the sense that this installment
is indeed a new Assassin’s Creed, fans can’t help but wonder: when
does the fun stuff begin? We’re dying to get to our new protagonist,
Connor, the tomahawk-wielding freedom-fighter, and have him execute endless bone-crunching combos. When we finally get there, the
game is, as expected, irresistible.
—Lucas Sin YH Staff
21
BULLBLOG BLACKLIST
In your living space when you
can’t leave because of weather.
As soon as the election shitstorm
ends, the winter shitstorm begins.
Not a sustainable accident.
SOMESOM
Trash
accumulation
The
nor’easter
When they’re all either OBAMA or
SNOW. Also, facebook statuses about
how tiresome these statuses are.
Info
session
season
Now we can’t tell if these kids
are Bain recruits or SAE pledges.
When the snow whips their skin raw.
Facebook
statuses
That ugly
nose-down
cheeks-up
face people
make
Toad’s
closing
because of
the storm
TA
Accidentally
skipping all
afternoon
classes
I was so excited to wait in the snow
in my one-sleeved little black dress!
Now how am I supposed to get
hypothermia?
FellFe
Winter
fashion
YDN
banquet
photos
There’s an inverse correlation between the
warmth of a coat and its cuteness.
Also, the YDN banquet.
23
revolutionary war
David Wooster
Naphtali Daggett
Noah Welles
John Hotchkiss
Giles Russell
James Babcock
Israel Dickenson
Mark Hopkins
Fisher Gay
Daniel Hitchcock
William Southmayd
Amos Northrup
Whitman Welch
Ebenezer Baldwin
Roger Conant
John Paddleford
Jabez Hamlin
John Brown
Jonathan Bellamy
Nathan Hale
Amos Benedict
Eleazar Williams Howe
Heathcote Muirson
Ebenezer Daggett
William Fowler
spanish-american war
Guy Howard
Arthur Melancthon Diggles
Herman Daniel Pryibil
Rodmond Vernon Beach
Franklin Adams Meacham
Loten Abijah Dinsmoor
Walter Eugene Stewart
Frederick Chunn
Allyn Bancroft Wilmot
Ward Cheney
Gerard Merrick Ives
Lazarus Denison Stearns
Josph William Alport
Theodore Westwood Miller
Augustus Canfield Ledyard
Frederick Walters Hulseberg
mexican-american war
Foot Lyman
Frederick Davis Mills
John Bates Murdock
civil war
Milton Pardee Orton
Joseph Holbert Nichholis
Isaac Gurdon Seymour
Mason Fitch Cogswell
Edmond Smith Rhett
Gordon N. Winslow
Edward W. Beatty
Robert Carver
Hiram Doane
Horace Benjamin Colton
Josph Knox Walder
David Smith Cowels
Charles F. Fisher
Francis Miller McLellan
Levi Ward Smith
Stuart Wilkins Fisk
Clintin William Sears
James Horton Dill
John Meyers Hentington
Abraham Bowen Batterson
John Henry Felder
William Gustine Conner
James Redfield
William Walter Horton
Othneil Deforest
Henry Hamilton Hadley
Henry Christian Kutz
Hezekiah Davis Martin
Daniel Temple Noyes
Elisha Franklin Paxton
John Reynolds Sturges
Samuel Armstid Ewing
Frederick Cone Fuller
John Randolph Harper
Theodore Winthrop
Sheldon Clark Beecher
Hamilton Couper
Andrew Upson
Samuel Fields Edgerton
Chauncey Meigs Hand
Newton Spaulding Manross
Philemon Tracy
Douglass Gray
David Brainerd Greene
Henry Lord Page King
Hugh Watson McNeil
William Scott Denniston
James Hamilton
Sidney Edwards Richardson
William Rankin Webb
William Eugene Webster
John Samuel Donelson
Augustus Wade Dwight
Charles A. Grevenberg
William Henry King
John McConthe
Stephen Williams Maples
James Edward Rains
James Clay Rice
John Sims
Lewis Ledyard Weld
Frederick Augustus Bemis
William S. Heath
Andrew Jackson Spring
George Stuart
William Wheeler
Nelson Bartholomew
Charles Edwin Bulkeley
Blaise Carmick Cenas
Robert Chotard Dunbar
Andrew Furgesen Haynes
Henry Martyn McIntire
Daniel Meritt Mead
Frank Henery Peck
Horton Reynolds Platt
Samuel Maverick Van Wyck
Samuel Fay Woods
William Harrison Bishop
Francis Eugene Butler
Albert Waldo Drake
Henry Melzar Dutton
Henry Luse Foules
John Griswold
Edward Leighton Porter
George Washington Roberts
James Judson Smith
Walter Scott Stlalings
John Wilkes Wilkeson
Edward Foster Blake
George Ribb Burnley
Claude Gibson
Herrick Hayner
Robert Booth Maclin
Dewees Ogden
Thomas Gordon Pollock
Theodore Woolsey Twining
Charles Boardman Whittlesley
John Bethel Bowles
Edward Carrington
Peter Vivian Daniel
Deodate Cushman Hannahs
Charles Mortimer Wheeler
George Waterman Arnold
Henery Ward Camp
Samuel Clark Glenney
Daniel Hebard
ohnston
William Curtis Johnston
b Martin
William McCaleb
der Ogeden
Frederick Callender
hneider
James Henery Schneider
nan
John Newell Bannan
William Bardwelll Clark
n Davis
Frederick Stanton
Edwin Lane Joness
tt
Pepper James Pratt
Edward Fletcher Spalding
cking
Gilbert Miles Stocking
emple
William James Temple
George Worman
er
Ira Rush Alexander
Daniel Egerton Hemenway
House
William Watson
g
William McClurg
Albert Gregory Marble
William Henery Miller
Andrew Freeman Schiverick
Richard Skinner
Grovsenor Starr
terling
Francis Norton Sterling
oom
Harvey Harris Bloom
George Stanley Dewey
win
Henry Clayton Ewin
ler
Francis Kern Heller
Master
Zelman John McMaster
m Matteson
Frederick William
malee
Uriah Nelson Parmalee
rtridge
Charles Avery Partridge
Arthur Tallcot
loss
Joseph Payne Tulloss
Charles Webster
Richard Lafayettee Williams
Richard Kirtland Woodruff
oit
Daniel Lathrop Coit
Garwood Riley Merwin
Charles Mills
ylvester
George Perkins Sylvester
rth Alling
Franklin Ellesworth
arnard
Edward Lovell Barnard
ompson
John Hanson Thompson
att
Edwin Clarke Pratt
villard
John Antione Duvillard
tton
Arthur Henry Dutton
Henry van Dyke Stone
h Brown
Nathan L. Church
James Averill
John Smally Whittlesey
Jacob Eaton
Melines Conklin Leavenworth
Dewitt Clintoon Lathropp
Ransom Lyon
Lewis Alling
John Benjamin Welch
Nathaniel Wells French
James Samuel Wadsworth
Richard Macall
Francis Stebbins Bartow
Franklin King Beck
William Wlaker
Franklin Hulse Clack
Willaim Thomas Marsh
Henry William Coit
Willaim Silliman
Willaim McCrackin Smith
Edwin Bathurst Cross
Hubert Coffing Williams
Frank Ronald Simmons
Talcott Hunt Clarke
Robert Douglas Meacham
Paul Wamelink Wilson
Lawrence Kirby Fulton
James Augustin McKenna, Jr.
Richard Lord Jones Connor
Edward Spottiwoode Faust
Arly Luther Hedrick
Charles McLean Smith
Charles Haseltine Carstairs
Charles Loomis Dana, Jr.
Frank Walter Hulett
John Upshur Moorhead
William Wallace Newcomb
John Morton Walker, Jr.
George James Schuele
Burrell Richardson Huff
Leonard Bacon Parks
Maxwell Oswald Parry
John Leavens Lilley
Donald Gardner Russell
James Francis Gorman
Robert Coyne Clifford
Garnett Morgan Noyes
Earl Trumbull Williams
Lloyd Seward Allen
Sheppard Bliss Gordy
Gilbert Nelson Jerome
Harold Wily Reeder
Dudley Blanchard Valentine
McLester Jared Snow
John Douglas Crawford
Scoville Thomas Devan
James Webster Waters
Ammi Wright Lancashire
Leslie Carter Bemis
Fritz Leopold Dressler
Ralph Haden
George William Meuller
Julian Cornell Biddle
James Kirby Burrell
Salter Storrs Clarke
John Clarence Egan
William Bernard McGuire
Gordon Loring Rand
Robert Lincoln Campbell
William Harmon Chapman
John MacArthur
Lucian Platt
Allan Oakley Smith
Davis Winans Lusk
John Paul Jones
Edward Lewis Rochfort
Clarence Emir Allen
James Fennimore Cooper
John Joseph Fitzgerald
George Chester Hubbard
Wilcox King
John Winthrop Loveland, Jr.
Eugene Frederic Rowe
Gordon Lockwood Schenck
Joseph Andrew Glover
William Francis Kennedy
John Farrell McGourty
Francis Bergen
Franklin Prime Cheeseman
Donald Paige Frary
Harold Ludington Hemingway
Kenneth Rand
Henry Treat Rogers
Howard Willis Arnold
James Robertson Carey
Edwin Harris Dunning
Albert Emanuel Johnson
Chester Harding Plimpton
Sydney Francis McCreery
Ebenezer Bull
William Hopkins Chandler
James Seferen Ennis
George Washington Ewing
Robert Howard Gamble
William Huntting Jessup
Henry Blair Keep
James Alexander Moseley
Alexis Painter Nason
Joseph Frederick Stillman, Jr.
Henry Gilbert Woodruff
Howard Swart Bremond
Philip Dietz
Willliam Henry Grossius
Sheldon Elliot Hoadley
Charles Edward Jones
Frank Gibbes Montgomery
Walter H. Schulze
Thomas Vincent Stilwell
Charles Kremer Tuohy
Lucius Comstock Boltwood
Daniel Waters Cassard
Robert Henry Coleman
George Waite Goodwin
George Knight Houpt
Casper Marvin Kielland
Russell Jay Meyer
Gilroy Mulqueen
Langdon Laws Ricketts
Philip Livingston Rose
Alexander Dickson Wilson
Reginald Stanley Young
Joseph Emmet Beauton
Wilfred Corrigan Bourke
Leland James Hagadorn
Albert Dillon Sturtvant
Julian Chambers Warner
John Prout West
Charles Wolcott Willey
Robert Fairgrieve
Sidney Alvord Beardslee
Louis Bennett, Jr.
Mortimer Park Crane
Oliver Baty Cunningham
Henry Thomas Donahoe
Franklin Crumbie Fairchild
Cleveland Cady Frost
Roswell Hayes Fuller
Kenneth Brown Hay
John McHenry, Jr.
Jarvis Jenness Offutt
John Williams Overton
John Francisco Richards, II
Russell Slocum
Dumaresq Spencer
William Noble Wallace
Marston Edson Banks
Frederick Gardiner Bart Berger
James Horace Higginbotham
John Morrison
Edmund Anthony Parrott
VanHorn Peale
Walter William Smyth
Arthur Fuller Souther
Franke Browne Turner
Joseph Brown Bowen
Benjamin Strickler Adams
Joy Curtis Bournique
Coleman Tileston Clark
George Lane Edwards, Jr.
Henry Norman Grieb
Kenneth MacLiesh
Leslie Malcolm MacNaughton
Holmes Mallory
Danforth Montague
Leonard Sowersby Morange
Frank Stuart Patterson
Curtis Seaman Read
Alvin Hill Treadwell
Glenn Dickenson Wicks
Truman Dunham Dyer
Alfred Austin Farwell
Edward Hines, Jr.
Harry Helmer Jackson, Jr.
Irving Tyler Moore
Joseph Sarsfield Sweeny
Wallace Charles Winter, Jr.
Clarence Alexander Brodie
Parker Dickson Buck
Alden Davison
Allan Wilkins Douglass
Alexander Agnew McCormick, Jr.
George Webster Otis
Hezekiah Scoville Porter
Stephen Potter
Henry Howard Houston
Woodward
Lyman Holden Cunningham
Cyril Barlow Mosher
Caldwell Colt Robinson
Joseph Graham Trees
Graeyer Clover
Archibald Coats
Alexander Charles Garland
Wilson Marshall, Jr.
Ralph Talbot
Levi Sanderson Tenney, Jr.
Lester Hubbard Church
Edward Louis Stepenson, Jr.
Donald Walker
Donald Corprew Dines
Clarence Eames Bushnell
John Duer Irving
Louis Joseph Petrillo
Richard Gordon Robinson
Alvin Converse Sawtelle, Jr.
Russell Alger Wilson
Theodore Warren Lamb
Gerard Guyot Cameron
George Harrington McMann
Harrison Pratt Morgan
Gilbert Hoffman Sidenberg
Joseph George Sandler
John Bayard Snowden, II
Morton Corcoran Eustis
Roy Gerald Fitzgerald, Jr.
Grant Barney Schley
Lawrence Flinn
Joseph Marshall Shinnen
Kay Todd, Jr.
Frederick Bagby Hall, Jr.
DeWitt Dilworth Irwin, Jr.
Frederic Charles Lowinger
William Gillespie Pearson
Jack Judah Siegel
Townsend Cutter
Gordon Ezra Woodruff
William Hildreth Gillespie
Francis Mason Hayes
Lawrence Joseph Leaser
Thomas Bardon Quayle
Harold James Mold
John Cameron Weimer
Charles Richard Spencer
Albert Svihra
Richard Traill Chapin
Lloyd Dewell
Frederick George Dyas
Bradley Goodyear, Jr.
Pardee Marshall
Stratford Lee Morton, Jr.
Albert Sidney Burleson Negley
George Eyre Robson, Jr.
Harlow Phelps Spencer
James Robert Griswold
Leonard Ward Parker
Robert Frederick MacDougal
Arthur Robert Crathorne, Jr.
William Earle Jenney
Harold Rabinovitz
Arthur Russell Andrews
Burrall Barnum
Webster Merrifield Bull
Theodore Leroy Chamberlain
John Ward Gott
Herbert Seymour Haycock
Glenn Stafford Knapp
Douglas Clinton Northrop
John Eugene O’Keefe, Jr.
Alan Gustave Overton
John Harold Richardson
William Gray Ricker
Curtis Charles Rgdgers
Philip Igoe Taylor
Murray Mark Waxman
Stanard Tilton Wheaton
Richard Sawyer Blanchard
Frank John Cochran
Robert Jenkins Shallenberger
Richard Harold Sperry
George Jacques Stricker
Henry Stevenson Washburn, Jr.
Clark Vandersall Poling
Walter Timothy Enright
Alfred Etcheverry
Albert MacClellan Barnes, III
McIntosh Brown
Ronald Muirhead Byrnes, Jr.
William Henry Chickering
Ernest Dwight Clark, Jr.
James Quincy Doyle
William Stamps Farish, Jr.
Eugene Thomas Hines
Frederick Mears, III
Logan Munroe
John Silas Sheffield Peirson
John Felch Bertram Runnalls
Gerald Robert Steinberg
Norman Stanley Woods
Alonzo Pelton Adams, III
Ernest Pritchard Christner
Marvin Cooke
Alfred Brokaw Dixon
Charles David Horn
David Bates Thayer
Douglass John Yerxa
Laurence Frederic Camp
Myron Lawrence Carlson
John Snyder
David Gerry Connally, Jr.
James Ross Gillie
Lindgren Bancroft
John Bowlby Bauer
John Friedman Cleveland
Howard Barry Comen
George Eustis Cookman
David Fletcher Currier
Lawrence Michel DiFilippo
Charles Edward Doty, Jr.
Trumbull Frazer
Francis Patrick Gallagher
Edward McGuire Gordon
Peter Stetson Greene
Roderick Stephen Goodspeed
Hall
Henry Taylor Irwin, Jr.
Pearson Sands Jones
Forrest Lee Kenner
Roger Cleveland Newberry
Kevin Gelshenen Rafferty
Robert Phelps Saunders
Robert William Small
Howard Voorheis Stephens, Jr.
William Mason Stevens
Alfred Jay Sweet, Jr.
Frederick Wilder White
William Melvin Kober
Lawrence DeForest Anderson
Walter Easton Bell
Frederic Austin Borsodi
Lindley Bronson
Wirt Randall Cates
Albert Peter Dewey
John Alden Farley
Murray Charles Freedman
Gordon Phillips Hoover
Sadron Clyde Lampert, Jr.
Jonathan Leete
William John Loveday
Baird Hockett Markham, Jr.
John Garrison Mersereau
Richard Lewis Morris, Jr.
William Edward Mulvey, Jr.
Sanford Benham Perkins, Jr.
Charles Alfred Pillsbury
James Joseph Regan
William Walter Reiter
Richard Harold Seligman
Lawrence Nelson Succop
Samuel Jackson Underhill
William Duval Weber
WIlliam John Woods
Peter Charles Blundell
Edward John Nagel
Athanasios Demetrios Skouras
Paul Bradford Badger, Jr.
Laurence Gorham Bagg
Henry Francis Chaney, Jr.
Harvey John Cibel
Robert Stuart Clark
Thomas Russell Clark, Jr.
Frederick Cushing Cross, Jr.
Alfred Curtin, Jr.
Jesse Andrew Davis, Jr.
Herbert William Elin
James Dudley Emerson
Edward Webb Gosselin
John Winston Grahm
Laurence Rector Harper
James Lester Israel
Randolph Mulford Jordan
Robert Francis Keeler
David Ellis Lardner
Charles Edward Leary
Walter Edward Levy
Robert Forsyth McMullen
David McGregor Mersereau
Stewart Lea Mims, Jr.
Frederick James Murphy, Jr.
Richard Louis Ott
Leonard Frederick Paine
Robert Groves Quinn
Jonathan Stone Raymond, Jr.
Robert Lyman Rose
Carl Underwood Sautter
John Hill Spalding
Henrey Bartlett Stimson, Jr.
Cyrus Robinson Taylor
Robert Torrey Thompson
Wendell Ross Wheelock
Francis Richard Wholley
James Gordon Woodruff
John Holme Ballantine, Jr.
Floyd Gilbert Wood
Charles David Pack
Waring Roberts
Allen Townsend Winmill
Charles James Andrews, Jr.
Spencer Otis Burnham
John Gayle Aiken, III
Charles Parker Armstrong
Edward Howard Beavers, Jr.
John Clifford Cobb
Ohn Norvin Compton
James Francis Coorron
John Joseph Dore, Jr.
Cruger Gallaudet Edgerton
Foster Miller Fargo
William Flinn, II
Francis Mercer Hackley
William Hugh Harris, Jr.
James Watson Hatch, Jr.
Michael Stein Jacobs
William Jared Knapp, Jr.
Howard Helms Knight
Nixon Lee, Jr.
James Gore King McClure, Jr.
George Noyes McLennan
Malcolm Gardner Main
George Houk Mead, Jr.
Edmund Ocumpaugh, IV
William Howard Schubart, Jr.
George Raymond Waldmann, II
Morgan Wesson
Philip William, Jr.
Henry Randall Wilson, III
Reid Talmage Woodward
Warren Williams, Jr
John Hall Bates
Arthur Pue Gorman 2d
Walter Bigelow Rosen
John Hollister Stewart
Robert Carter Bryan
Thomas James Wills, Jr.
Theron Griggs Platt
William Anderson Aycrigg, II
Peter Bennit
John Myer Bowers
Beverly Ward Bristol
Kenneth Coe Bristol
Robert Lind Brush
Rene Auguste Chouteau
Henry Victor Crawford, III
Charles Clarence Davis, Jr.
Edward Cyprian Digan
James Maxwell Dowling
John McKinlay Green
Robert Kelman Haas, Jr.
George Eddison Haines
Warren Arthur Hindenlang
John Burton Houston
William Brinckerhoff Jackson
Endicott Remington Lovell, Jr.
Robert Wentworth Lucey
James Stewart McDernott
Harold Shepardson Marsh
Walter Edwin Newcomb, Jr.
Carter Palmer
Sam Phillips, Jr.
Hovey Seymour
William Barton Simmons, Jr
Robert Emmett Stevenson
James Neale Thorne
Benjamin Rush Toland
William Gardner White
to honor
&
remember
world war i
Granger Farwell
Joseph Bidleman Bissel
Theodore Caldwell Janeway
James Brown Griswold
Percy Weir Arnold
Samuel Denison Babcock
William Henry Rowe
Henry Edward Hungerford
Samuel Pearson Brooke
Charles James Freeborn
William Park McCord
John Leslie Crosthwaite
Edward Everett Tredway
Arthur Yancey Wear
John Franklin Trumbull
Bronson Hawley
James Knight Nichols
James Osborne Putnam
Perry Dean Gribben
Theodore Hugh Nevin
Frank Atwater Ward
Frederick Campbell Colston
Douglas Bannan Green
James Ely Miller
Alexander Pope Humphrey
Kenelm Winslow
George Leslie Howard
Edmund Hubertus Lennon
Lester Clement Barton
John Case Phelps
Arthur Bertram Randolph
Philip Johnston Scudder
Roy Edgar Hallock
Ernest Wilson Levering
Andrew Carl Ortmayer
veterans day ceremony
m o nd ay, no v em b er 12, 12: 3 0 pm
b ei nec ke p l aza
world war ii
Fletcher Hegeman Wood
Ralph Edward Costanzo
Montgomery Harley Talbot
Carroll Gowen Riggs
James Franklin Gilkinson
Sterling Patterson
Henry Hill Anderson
Carl Humphrey Strong
Kenyon Stockwell Congdon
William Baker
Lucius Bass Manning
William Harold Chain
Alan Sydney Rush
William Carr Carr
Edwin Dow Rattray
Andrew Wylie
Elisha Gaddis Plum
James Paulding Farnham
Philip Joseph Savage
Cyril Crofton Cullen
Willard David Litt
Raymond Barnes Miles
Jose Lopez Celeste
John Ross Mendenhall
Francis Hannaford Mitchell
Edward Jesup Taylor
Victor Hugo Weil
William Neely Mallory
Arthur George Stanford
Edmund Melhado
John Henry Gardner
Earl Mack Criger
Harry Poole Camden, Jr.
Louis Stanley Gimbel, Jr.
Frederick Bingham Howden, Jr.
John Coffinbury Morley
William Edmund Scholtz
Warren VanWie Bliven
George Louis Washington Hess
John Henry Brewer
Robert Sanderson
John Vandal Frankenthal
Gordon Seafield Grant
James Lindsay Luke
John High Noyes
Donald Elisha Laidlaw Snyder
Thomas Sergeant LaFarge
Clarence Levin
Talcott Wainwright
Franklin Charles Gilbert
Richard Edward Shea
Robert Maxwell Stockder
Arthur Buell Armstrong, Jr.
Franklin Alden Batcheller, Jr.
John Beegan Byrne
Henry Talmage Elrod
Isaac Newton La Victorie
Richard Minor Holter
Donald Macleay Kerr
John Rawlings Toop
William Caldwell Hamilton
Perry Hammond Jacob
Stephens Chamberlin
Cheney Cowles
John Milton Guiterman
Warner Marshall, Jr.
Stephen Britten Runyon
William Wade
Hiram Edwin Wooster
All are welcome
John Glemming Landis
Anthony George Palermo
Reino Arvin Ranta
Maurice Norman Manning
John Williams Pitney
Morgan O’Brien Preston
Edward Gerard Joseph Bartick
Harold Adelman
Kent Arnold
John Doane Atwood
Bailey Badgley
Edward Salisbury Bentley, Jr.
Henry Warder Carey
Edward Perkins Clark, II
John McDevitt Cronan
William Timothy Dargan
Douglas Richard Divine
Richard David Dugan
Harry Llewellyn Evans, Jr.
Gordon Taylor Gates
John Hislop Hamilton
Jonathan Hyde Hately
Alfred Williams Haywood, Jr.
Warren Edwin Heim
Thomas Grenville Hudson
Benjamin Peter Johnson
Cedric Freeman Joslin
John LeBoutilli
LeBoutillier
L
Frank Walder Lilley,
Jr.
Mac
John Helm Maclean
McClel
Vincent McClelland
Edward Orrick McDonnell, Jr.
George Plumm
Plummer NcNear, III
Wallac Marshall
William Wallace
Ma
Albert Cobb Martin
Ward Miller
Morris Ranolph Mitchell, Jr.
M
Cyrus LaRue Munson
Arthur Thomas Nelson, Jr.
Charles Morgan Perry
Worthington W
Webster Phillips
Jeffers Rainey
Thomas Jefferson
S
William Scott Snead,
Jr.
David Greenou
Greenough Souther
William Cutler Thompson, Jr.
Ti
David Edsall Tileston
DeForest VanSl
VanSlyck, Jr.
George André W
Whelan
Robert Thomas Wilson, Jr.
Frazier Curtis
Ralph Hamill
Stephen Fergus
Ferguson Hopper
Ija
John Horton Ijams,
Jr.
Alfred Townshe
Townshend Johnson
John Richard Ju
Julianelle
Frank Godfrey A
Aschmann
William Thayer Brown, Jr.
Joseph Niebert Carpenter, III
Charles Briggs Congdon
C
Eugene Pierre Cyprien
II
Constantin, III
George Herbert Day, Jr.
D
James Donald Deane,
Jr.
Sandwith Drink
Drinker
Charle Michael Fauci, Jr.
Fo
Alfred Brush Ford
Hayw
Snowden Haywood
Charles Alfred H
Higgens, Jr.
Jo
Charles Alvin Jones,
Jr.
Richard Brewer Knight
Willis Clyde Lo
Locker, Jr.
Richard Carlisle Long, II
L
Arthur Robert Lowe
Luc
John Philip Lucas
John Frederick Lynch
John Derek MacGuire
Walter Roy Manny, Jr.
Thomas Lees Marshall
Charles Young Mead
Lucien Memminger, Jr.
Quentin Meyer
Charles Prosch Murray
Francis Joseph O’Toole
Robert Stone Stoddart, Jr.
Robert Frank Trask
George Barnett Trible, Jr.
William Donald Twining
Augustus Van Cortlandt, III
Robert Megget Steel Walker
Willard Foster Walker, III
Barnum Weaver
Frank Russell Whittlsey
Adrian Beck
Dickinson Ernest Griffith, Jr.
Wilfrid Lee Simmons
Philip Emerson Wood, Jr.
Theodore Clement
Samuel Randall Detwiler, Jr.
Milton Karlin Abelson
Clement Gould Amory
Hiland Garfield Batcheller, Jr.
Gilman Dorr Blake, Jr.
Jacques Edmund Bloch
Hugh Torbert Brooks
Harry James Coombe
Boyd Taylor Cummings
Edwin Thaddeus Danowski
James Rodgers Dicken
William Caveny Eberle, Jr.
John Andrew Eckert, III
Rolland Mooney Edmonds
Richard Stuart Fleming
Boutwell Hyde Foster, Jr.
Edward McCrady Gaillard, Jr.
Cornelius Reid Kerns
Brian McCree
William Rinn MacDonald
John Alexander MacMullen
Donald Macfarlane MacSporran
Alfred Ronald Neumunz
Alden Lothrop Painter, Jr.
James Russell Parsons, IV
Lloyd Winston Pullen
Frederick Wilkes Ribie
Donald Ferdinand Ritter
Richard Rollins, Jr.
Morton Butler Ryerson
William Huston Sanders
Joseph Francis Sawicki, Jr.
Herbert Henry Shaver, Jr.
Robert Shipman Thurston, Jr.
James Arthur Whitehead
George Bruen Whitehouse
Thomas Chapman Aldrich
Frederick Anson Brown
Benjamin Glanton Calder
William John Cameron, Jr.
Townsend Doyle
Charles St. Clair Elder, Jr.
Edward Burrell Feldmeier
Jonathan Grant Fitch
Francis Joseph Fitzgerald, Jr.
Duncan Forbes, Jr.
Wendell Horace Griffith, Jr.
Albert Crawford Herring, Jr.
Emmett Walter Hess
Rovert Leslie Hott
William Wilson Imlach
Charles Jared Ingersoll, Jr.
Bruce Kyle Kemp
Dwight Roland MacAfee, Jr.
John Boyd Mason
Mark Charles Meltzer, III
John Milton Miller, Jr.
John Campbell Moore
Thomas McClure Owen, Jr.
John Sears Parsons
David Francis Reilly
Harvey Arthur Rosenberg
William Carlton Rundbaked
Ralph Davis Sneath Sample
Edgar Clement Scanlon, Jr.
Frank Eppele Shumann, Jr.
Peter William Sommer
James Baume Stryker
William North Sturtevant, Jr.
John Hobart Thompson
Samuel Johnson Walker, Jr.
David Landon Weirick
William King White, Jr.
Richard Satterlee Willis
David Edward Bronson, Jr.
Jesse Redman Clark, III
James Congdell Fargo, III
Whiton Jackson
Edward Potter Sanderson
Wilfley Scobey, Jr.
Clarence Claude Ziegler, Jr.
Robert Lachlan McNeill
Edgar Allen
Orrin Fluhr Crankshaw
Max Harrison Demorest
Dean Hudnutt
Harold Richardson Street
korean war
Earl Harold Marsden
Benjamin Griffin Lee, Jr.
James Brewer Crane Couch
William Ellis Pulliam
Paul Walker Latham, Jr.
Harold Roosevelt Podorson
Alan Maurice Harris
George Simon Sulliman
Dana Wilson Shelley
Kendall Courtney Gedney
Arthur Martens Apmann, Jr.
Robert Kirkus Bancker
John Bernard Murphy, Jr.
Edwin Nash Broyles, Jr.
Malcolm Edward Aldrich
James Van Hamm Dale
James Francis Statia
John Jackson Bissell, Jr.
Terrence James McLarnon
James Leslie Pressey
Harold Ackerman Storms, Jr.
Sully Irwin Berman, Jr.
vietnam war
John Abbott
Lewis Herbert Abrams
Stuart Merrill Andrews
William Marcus Barschow
Francis Allard Boyer
Charles Edward Brown, Jr.
Robert Edward Bush
George Whitney Carpenter
Roger Gene Emrich
Donald Porter Ferguson
Richard McAllister Foster
Harold Edwin Gray, Jr.
Channing Webster Hayes, Jr.
Kendrick King Kelley, III
Frederic Woodrow Knapp
Marvin Lederman
Peter Bernard Livingston
Hugh Calkins Lobit
Edward Kettering Marsh
Robert McKellip, Jr.
Marlin McClelland Miller
Richard Martin O’Connell
Richard Warren Pershing
Howard Jon Schnabolk
Richard DeWitt Barlow Shepherd
Arthur Daniel Stillman
John McArthur Swazey
William Meadon Van Antwerp, Jr.
Bruce Byerly Warner
Stephen Henry Warner
Lloyd Parker Wells, III
John Clyde White
Jonathan Phinney Works
The names above,
engraved on the walls
of Woolsey Hall, are
Yale students and
faculty who died
in service to their
country.

Herald`s - The Yale Herald

Transcription

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