Research Papers Presentation V

Medicinal Flora of Albay Province,
Luzon Island, Philippines
Amelia A. Dorosan*
Phil V. Morano
Maria Teresa A. Mirandilla
Elizabeth P. Abalon
Jean Annette Ibo
Ida Francia H. Revale
Geraldine Arevalo
Dean Carlo Galias
Marie Antonette Beldad
Study 1. Biodiversity Assessment
Study 2. Household Survey and Backyard Sampling
Study 3. Utilization Documentations by Health Practitioners
Study 4. Ethnographic Accounts
Study 5. Handling Down of Traditional Knowledge
Study 1. Biodiversity Assessment of the Medicinal Flora of Albay,
Philippines
(Phil V. Morano, BU College of Science)
LINE PLOT METHOD
Study 2. Assessment of the Medicinal Plants used in various
Households of Albay
(Dr. Ma. Teresa A. Mirandilla/Elizabeth P. Abalon, BU
College of Science)
LINE INTERCEPT METHOD
HOUSEHOLD SURVEY (KII)
BACKYARD SAMPLING
Study 3. Utilization Documentations of the Medicinal Plants by Health
Practitioners of Albay, Province, Philippines
(Jean Annette Ibo, BU College of Nursing)
FGD (Health Practitioners)
Study 4. Ethnographic Accounts on the Use of Medicinal Plants of
Albay, Philippines
(Ida Francia H. Revale, BU College of Science and BU
Research and Development Center)
Study 5. Handling Down of Traditional Knowledge on the Use of
Medicinal Plants in Albay Province
(Dr. Amelia A. Dorosan, BU College of Science)
KEY METHODOLOGIES
VIDEO DOCUMENTATION
QUESTIONNAIRES (HS/OSY)
RESEARCH PROJECT OBJECTIVES
 Identified and classified the medicinal plants in the province;
 Conducted survey on the medicinal plants utilization in terms of
its use for treating common ailments (plant parts used, methods
of preparation and use) by various sectors: households, health
practitioners, traditional healers and the youth.
MAP OF ALBAY
Albay Province
Three Districts
MAP OF ALBAY
Albay Province
First District
Tabaco City (Urban)
Tiwi (Rural)
MAP OF ALBAY
Albay Province
First District
Tabaco City (Urban)
Tiwi (Rural)
Second District
Legazpi City (Urban)
Manito (Rural)
MAP OF ALBAY
Albay Province
First District
Tabaco City (Urban)
Tiwi (Rural)
Second District
Legazpi City (Urban)
Manito (Rural)
Third District
Ligao City (Urban)
Pioduran (Rural)
THE SAMPLING SITES
DISTRICT 1
Tabaco
Tiwi
San Vicente
Nagas
Tabiguian
Maynonong
Fatima
Bolo
DISTRICT 2
Legazpi
Manito
Dita
Cabacongan
Imalnod
Pawa
Puro
Malobago
DISTRICT 3
Ligao
Pioduran
Tinago
Caratagan
Tastas
Agol
Cabarian
Marigondon
LOWLAND
UPLAND
COASTAL
Ten Most Important Species using Line Plot Method
10 plots (10m X 10m) per barangay (non-residential areas)
1000 m2 per barangay
3000 m2 per city/town
6000 m2 per district
18,000 m2 for the entire province
Ten Most Important Species using the “Line Plot Method”
Scientific Name
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Psidium guajava
Gliricidia sepium
Euphorbia hirta
Phyllantus niruri
Ficus pseudopalma
Blumea balsamifera
Common Name
D (ind/ha)
F
RD (%)
RF (%)
IV (%)
gabi, natong, apay, taro
batag, saging
niyog, nuyog
317.78
194.44
91.11
155.56
104.44
83.89
112.78
128.33
56.67
85.56
0.23
0.26
0.38
0.18
0.22
0.24
0.18
0.07
0.17
0.08
11.20
6.85
3.21
5.48
3.68
2.96
3.97
4.52
2.00
3.01
3.65
4.08
5.99
2.87
3.48
3.83
2.79
1.04
2.71
1.30
14.85
10.93
9.20
8.35
7.16
6.78
6.77
5.57
4.70
4.31
kamoteng-kahoy, balingoy
bayawas
madre de cacao, kakawate
gatas-gatas, tawa-tawa
turutalikod, baktutan
lubi-lubi
lakad-bulan, sambong
Ten Most Important Species using the “Line Intercept Method”
Scientific Name
Mimosa pudica
Sphagneticola trilobata
Axonopus compressus
Cyperus kyllingia
Ipomea batatas
Andropogon aciculatus
Euphorbia hirta
Commelina diffusa
Chromolaena odorata
Sida retusa
Local Name
makahiya
wild sunflower
carabao grass
burubutones
kamote
amor seco
gatas-gatas
sabilao
hagonoy
ualis
Cover (%)
F
RC (%)
RF (%)
IV (%)
3.14
4.23
3.39
2.12
3.99
3.78
1.69
1.39
1.53
1.56
0.45
0.31
0.27
0.40
0.07
0.08
0.33
0.28
0.20
0.16
7.41
9.98
8.01
5.00
9.43
8.93
4.00
3.29
3.61
3.68
8.57
5.91
5.27
7.72
1.29
1.52
6.39
5.46
3.76
3.15
15.98
15.89
13.28
12.72
10.72
10.44
10.39
8.74
7.38
6.83
Ten Most Important Species using the “Line Intercept Method”
Scientific Name
Mimosa pudica
Sphagneticola trilobata
Axonopus compressus
Cyperus kyllingia
Ipomea batatas
Andropogon aciculatus
Euphorbia hirta
Commelina diffusa
Chromolaena odorata
Sida retusa
Common Name
makahiya
wild sunflower
carabao grass
burubutones
kamote
amor seco
gatas-gatas
sabilao
hagonoy
ualis
Cover (%)
F
RC (%)
RF (%)
IV (%)
3.14
4.23
3.39
2.12
3.99
3.78
1.69
1.39
1.53
1.56
0.45
0.31
0.27
0.40
0.07
0.08
0.33
0.28
0.20
0.16
7.41
9.98
8.01
5.00
9.43
8.93
4.00
3.29
3.61
3.68
8.57
5.91
5.27
7.72
1.29
1.52
6.39
5.46
3.76
3.15
15.98
15.89
13.28
12.72
10.72
10.44
10.39
8.74
7.38
6.83
Sphagneticola trilobata Pruski
Synonym
› Spagneticola trilobata
› Wedelia trilobata Hitchcock
Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski is a creeping, mat-forming,
herbaceous perennial plant under the family Asteraceae (formerly
Compositae). It is commonly called the creeping daisy. It has attractive
yellow flowers borne in solitary at the end of each stem. It grows under
dense canopy cover and excludes native ferns and ground cover.
Medicinal Properties of Sphagneticola trilobata Pruski
 Used for treatment of backache, muscle
cramps, rheumatism, stubborn wounds, sores
and swellings, and arthritic painful joints (Arvigo
& Balik, 1993; da Silva et al., 2012).
 Used for the treatment of common cold,
hepatitis infections, and indigestions (Huang et al.,
2003)




Trypanosomicidal activity (Chiari et al. 1996)
Anti-inflammatory activity (Maldini et al., 2009)
Analgesic activity (Block et al., 1998)
Antimicrobial activity (Taddei and Rosas-Romero,
1999)
 Antifungal property (Sartori et al., 2003).
Most frequently occurring medicinal plants
using backyard sampling N=540
Species
Mangifera indica
Moringa oleifera
Cocos nucifera
Artocarpus heterophylla
Ficus pseudopalma
Musa paradisiaca
Psidium guajava
Blumea balsamifera
Carica papaya
Manihot esculenta
Local Name
Mangga
Kalunggay
Niyog
Langka
Lubi-lubi
Batag
Bayawas
Lakad-bulan, Sambong
Tapayas, Papaya
Kamoteng-Kahoy, Balingoy
%
31.48
23.70
19.26
19.07
18.33
18.33
18.15
14.63
13.70
12.41
Ten most abundant species of medicinal flora in the
backyard and non-residential areas
Backyard
Mangifera indica
Moringa oleifera
Cocos nucifera
Artocarpus heterophylla
Ficus pseudopalma
Musa paradisiaca
Psidium guajava
Blumea balsamifera
Carica papaya
Manihot esculenta
Non-Residential Areas
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Colocasia esculenta
Phyllanthus niruri
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Leucaena leucocephala
Ficus pseudopalma
Blumea balsamifera
Ten most abundant species of medicinal flora in the
backyard and non-residential areas
Backyard
Mangifera indica
Moringa oleifera
Cocos nucifera
Artocarpus heterophylla
Ficus pseudopalma
Musa paradisiaca
Psidium guajava
Blumea balsamifera
Carica papaya
Manihot esculenta
Non-Residential Areas
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Colocasia esculenta
Phyllanthus niruri
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Leucaena leucocephala
Ficus pseudopalma
Blumea balsamifera
Ten most important species in the three ecological zones
Upland
Species
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Blumea balsamifera
Leucaena leucocephala
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Phyllantus niruri
Alocasia macrorrhiza
IVI
18.53
16.20
15.79
14.51
10.82
8.02
7.80
6.46
6.31
5.54
Lowland
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Musa paradisiaca
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Urena lobata
Orthosiphon aristatus
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Amaranthus spinosus
IVI
13.57
13.12
12.35
10.07
8.42
6.17
6.04
5.71
5.46
4.70
Coastal
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Cocos nucifera
Vernonia cinerea
Manihot esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Hibiscus tiliacus
Lantana camara
Ficus pseudopalma
Ficus odorata
Antigonon leptopus
IVI
11.27
10.92
10.46
9.67
9.34
7.69
7.28
6.57
5.75
5.51
Ten most important species in the three ecological zones
Upland
Species
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Blumea balsamifera
Leucaena leucocephala
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Phyllantus niruri
Alocasia macrorrhiza
IVI
18.53
16.20
15.79
14.51
10.82
8.02
7.80
6.46
6.31
5.54
Lowland
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Musa paradisiaca
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Urena lobata
Orthosiphon aristatus
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Amaranthus spinosus
IVI
13.57
13.12
12.35
10.07
8.42
6.17
6.04
5.71
5.46
4.70
Coastal
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Cocos nucifera
Vernonia cinerea
Manihot esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Hibiscus tiliacus
Lantana camara
Ficus pseudopalma
Ficus odorata
Antigonon leptopus
IVI
11.27
10.92
10.46
9.67
9.34
7.69
7.28
6.57
5.75
5.51
Medicinal Properties of Phyllantus niruri




Fights kidney stone formation
Has hepatoprotective properties
Lowers cholesterol and blood pressure
Used in the treatment of urinary tract infection
Ten most important species in the three ecological zones
Upland
Species
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Blumea balsamifera
Leucaena leucocephala
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Phyllantus niruri
Alocasia macrorrhiza
IVI
18.53
16.20
15.79
14.51
10.82
8.02
7.80
6.46
6.31
5.54
Lowland
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Musa paradisiaca
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Urena lobata
Orthosiphon aristatus
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Amaranthus spinosus
IVI
13.57
13.12
12.35
10.07
8.42
6.17
6.04
5.71
5.46
4.70
Coastal
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Cocos nucifera
Vernonia cinerea
Manihot esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Hibiscus tiliacus
Lantana camara
Ficus pseudopalma
Ficus odorata
Antigonon leptopus
IVI
11.27
10.92
10.46
9.67
9.34
7.69
7.28
6.57
5.75
5.51
Ten most important species in the three ecological zones
Upland
Species
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Blumea balsamifera
Leucaena leucocephala
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Phyllantus niruri
Alocasia macrorrhiza
IVI
18.53
16.20
15.79
14.51
10.82
8.02
7.80
6.46
6.31
5.54
Lowland
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Musa paradisiaca
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Urena lobata
Orthosiphon aristatus
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Amaranthus spinosus
IVI
13.57
13.12
12.35
10.07
8.42
6.17
6.04
5.71
5.46
4.70
Coastal
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Cocos nucifera
Vernonia cinerea
Manihot esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Hibiscus tiliacus
Lantana camara
Ficus pseudopalma
Ficus odorata
Antigonon leptopus
IVI
11.27
10.92
10.46
9.67
9.34
7.69
7.28
6.57
5.75
5.51
Ten most important species in the three ecological zones
Upland
Species
Colocasia esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Blumea balsamifera
Leucaena leucocephala
Manihot esculenta
Gliricidia sepium
Psidium guajava
Phyllantus niruri
Alocasia macrorrhiza
IVI
18.53
16.20
15.79
14.51
10.82
8.02
7.80
6.46
6.31
5.54
Lowland
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Musa paradisiaca
Colocasia esculenta
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Urena lobata
Orthosiphon aristatus
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Amaranthus spinosus
IVI
13.57
13.12
12.35
10.07
8.42
6.17
6.04
5.71
5.46
4.70
Coastal
Species
Phyllantus niruri
Cocos nucifera
Vernonia cinerea
Manihot esculenta
Musa paradisiaca
Hibiscus tiliacus
Lantana camara
Ficus pseudopalma
Ficus odorata
Antigonon leptopus
IVI
11.27
10.92
10.46
9.67
9.34
7.69
7.28
6.57
5.75
5.51
Ten most important species in the urban and rural areas
URBAN AREA
Species
Mangifera indica
Artocarpus heterophylla
Musa paradisiaca
Moringa oleifera
Ficus pseudopalma
Psidium guajava
Cocos nucifera
Coleus aromaticus
Blumea balsamifera
Peperomia pelucida
No. of
Backyards with
observed
species
Percentage
Occurrence
(n=270)
91
63
60
58
57
49
44
44
43
39
33.56
23.30
22.11
21.67
21.11
18.04
16.33
16.26
15.81
14.30
RURAL AREA
Species
Moringa oleifera
Mangifera indica
Musa paradisiaca
Cocos nucifera
Manihot esculenta
Carica papaya
Psidium guajava
Colocasia esculenta
Rosa grandiflora
Ficus pseudopalma
No. of Backyards
with observed
species
Percentage
Occurrence
(n=270)
86
82
81
67
61
59
50
49
46
43
31.85
30.33
30.16
24.65
22.71
21.81
18.60
18.23
17.04
15.80
ABUNDANCE/
AVAILABILITY
UTILIZATION?
Most frequently used medicinal plants in Albay
Frequently Used by
Households
Blumea balsamifera
Coleus aromaticus
Vitex negundo
Cordia dichotoma
Psidium guajava
Artemisia vulgaris
Moringa oleifera
Chrysanthemum indicum
Clerodendrum intermedium
Ocimum sanctum
Common Name
Sambong
Oregano
Lagundi
Anonang
Bayabas
Backyard
14.63%
18.15%
Artamisa, Damong Maria
Malunggay
Mansanilya
Matang-kuwaw
Kamangkaw
NRA
23.70%
Abundant
Most frequently used medicinal plants in Albay
Frequently Used by
Health Practitioners
Blumea balsamifera
Vitex negundo
Coleus aromaticus
Artemisia vulgaris
Psidium guajava
Cordia dichotoma
Piper betle
Ocimum sanctum
Mentha cordifolia
Chrysanthemum indicum
Common Name
Sambong
Lagundi
Oregano
Artamisa
Bayabas
Anonang
Buyo
Kamangkaw
Herba Buena
Manzanilya
Backyard
NRA
14.63%
18.15%
Abundant
Most frequently used medicinal plants in Albay
Frequently Used by Traditional
Healers/ Herbolarios
Blumea balsamifera
Zingiber officinale
Piper betle
Persea americana
Artemisia vulgaris
Jatropha curcas
Psidium guajava
Tamarindus indica
Coleus aromaticus
Andropogon citrates
Common Name
Sambong
Luya
Buyo
Abukado
Backyard
NRA
14.63%
Artamisa, Damong Maria
Tubang-bakod
Bayabas
Sampalok
Oregano
Tanglad
18.15%
Abundant
Most frequently used medicinal plants in Albay
Frequently Used by Teens
Vitex negundo
Coleus aromaticus
Arthosiphon aristatus
Momordica charantia
Zingiber officinale
Blumea balsamifera
Lagerstomia speciosa
Moringa oleifera
Psidium guajava
Common Name
Backyard
NRA
Lagundi
Oregano
Balbas pusa
Ampalaya
Luya
Sambong
14.63%
Banaba
Malunggay
Bayabas
23.70%
18.15%
Abundant
Preparations of identified medicinal plants
PREPARATION
Poultice
Decoction
Infusion
Liniment
Raw Eaten Plant part
PERCENTAGE
63.00%
43.00%
17.00%
4.16%
4.16%
Blumea balsamifera
CONCLUSIONS
 A total of 224 species representing 83 families were identified.
 Species composition in the backyard and the non-residential areas showed
high degree of similarity.
 Similar species composition were noted in the lowland and coastal areas.
 Species with the highest importance value index were mostly fruit trees
and other plants that are sources of food.
 Most of the medicinal plants that are frequently used by the different
groups of respondents only recorded low to moderate importance value
index.
 Blumea balsamifera, Psidium guajava, and Moringa oleifera were
identified as the most frequently used medicinal flora and were also
abundant in the backyards and the non-residential areas.
WAY FORWARD…..
 Conduct of phytochemical and pharmacological studies of species that are
abundant in the area and also invasive in nature, but are not used or
utilized.
Medicinal flora studied by faculty and student researchers in the
past 2 years
Ipomea batatas (angiogenesis)
Amaranthus spinosus (angiogenesis)
Impatiens balsamina (anti-helminthic activity)
Canarium ovatum (immunomodulation)
Jathropa curcas (anti-convulsant)
Raphanus sativus (analgesic and antipyretic)
WAY FORWARD…..
 Conduct of phytochemical and pharmacological studies of species that are
abundant in the area and also invasive in nature, but are not used or
utilized.
 Development GIS of economically-important and commonly used
medicinal plants to show location, abundance and varietal occurrence
 Establishment of live and herbarium collection of locally available
medicinal flora.
 Copyrighted Compendium is being used as baseline materials by basic
researches of health-related sciences, including clinical studies by the BU
College of Medicine
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Medicinal Flora of Albay Province,
Luzon Island, Philippines
Amelia A. Dorosan, Ph.D.,
Phil V. Morano,
Maria Teresa A. Mirandilla, Ph.D.,
Elizabeth P. Abalon,
Jean Annette Ibo,
Ida Francia H. Revale,
Geraldine Arevalo,
Dean Carlo Galias,
Marie Antonette Beldad
Study 1. Biodiversity Assessment
Study 2. Household Survey and Backyard Sampling
Study 3. Utilization Documentations by Health Practitioners
Study 4. Ethnographic Accounts
Study 5. Handling Down of Traditional Knowledge
MARAMING SALAMAT !!!
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!!
DECOCTION
• boiling plant part in water, taken as oral
drink or a water bath
• Boiled plant part is removed and the
water is taken as tea
• Generally prepared for cough, colds,
chest pain, UTI, “pasma”, “surep”
“bagat”
POULTICE
• Moist, warm or hot plant material
wrapped on the skin as medical
treatment
• commonly used for plant materials to
treat boils, “Kulebra”, inflammation
INFUSION
• boiling plant part in water to get the
extract
• The extract is used together with other
materials or ingredient, either as oral or
directly applied as liniment
• Generally used for effective relief due to
higher concentration of active plant
constituents
LINIMENT
• Liquid medicinal material containing
alcohol or oil
• Preparation requires time to ferment or
age the mixture
• When ready for use, the liquid is simply
taken from the mixture as needed and
applied to the body to relieve pain and
stiffness
Taken RAW
• Eating raw or half cooked plant part for
use as cataplasm in treating wounds and
“surep”