2014-04-15 Vol 8 No 4 - National Search Dog Alliance

Transcription

SAR Dog News
April 2014 Published by the National Search Dog Alliance
Vol. 8, No. 4
The Voice of K-9 Search and Rescue @ n-sda.org
Founding members: K-9 Thor, Eileen M. Nobles, Susan Bulanda, K-9 Roo, Leslie Godchaux, Brian R. Hendrickson,
Continental Kennel Club, Inc., K-9 River, K-9 Persha, Jan Thompson, K-9 Cali, Peggy Ann Buchman, K-9 Geist
April is Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Month
CONTENTS
Article
Computer Alert
BOD Mtg Dates
Written Test Changes
Certifying Handlers & K-9s
Elections
Testing Prerequisite changes
Evaluation dates
BOD Mtg Synopsis
PA Seminar Report
K-9 Eye Exams
The Rest of the Story
April PODCAST
Hero Dog Nominees
They Gave All
Injured Police K-9
K-9 Cratos Finds
Oso Disaster
Avalanche Stats
Avalanche Report
Fall Seminar Instructors
Seminar Instructor Profile
Kibbles and Bits
Trivia
Spring Cleaning
Salute to Senior Serv. Winner
Arson Dog Statue
ADA
Book Review
Last Howl
NSDA Income & Expense
Training, Seminars
Application for Board
Atterbury Registration
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2014 BOARD MEETING DATES
May 1
June 26 - Quarterly Meeting (seating of new Board
Members who wish to attend, contact the NSDA
Secretary at swolff@n-sda.org
COMPUTER ALERT:
HEARTBLEED
From NSDA webmaster Gary Blocker
“Passwords, credit cards and other sensitive
data are at risk after security researchers
discovered a problem with an encryption
technology used to securely transmit email,
e-commerce transactions, social networking
posts and other Web traffic.”
“Security researchers say the threat, known
as Heartbleed, is serious, partly because it
remained undiscovered for more than two
years. Attackers can exploit the vulnerability
without leaving any trace, so anything sent
during that time has potentially been
compromised. It's not known, though,
whether anyone has actually used it to
conduct an attack.”
"But this still means that the little lock icon
(HTTPS) we all trusted to keep our
passwords, personal emails, and credit cards
safe, was actually making all that private
information accessible to anyone who knew
about the exploit. "
Recent releases have been advising to
contact your banks, etc. to check to see if
they have fixed the problem or in fact
know that they were not affected by the
problem. Many were not. Check before
having to change passwords twice.
For further information, see:
http://www.seattlepi.com/business/technology/articl
e/Passwords-vulnerable-after-security-flaw-found5386933.php
SAR Dog News, April 2014 April is Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Month
WRITTEN TESTS CHANGES
For those certifying with NSDA, you will want
to make note of the following if you have not
already completed your written test
requirements. The website has been
changed for the Alliance testing process.
The test required as a prerequisite to all of
the individual discipline tests was previously
referred to as the General Written test. It is
now called the Discipline Prerequisite
test. The cost on our old site was $5.00 for
members and $10.00 for non-members. On
the new site it shows $10.00 for everyone;
however members will be able to enter the
members only page in order to receive a
coupon code number to enter for a 50%
discount.
If you have any problems, please contact
Norma Snelling at nsnelling@n-sda.org.
Bucky says:
Nothing is friendlier than
a wet dog.
SHAMPOOING DOGS
It is important to select a shampoo labeled
“for dogs.” The pH of canine skin is neutral
(7 to 7.4). Most shampoos for humans are
on the acid side and are therefore unsuitable
for dogs. Do not use human hair dyes or
coloring agents on dogs.
Page 2
MAKE YOUR CANINE
COMPANION SMILE!
BRING HIM TO THE
OCTOBER 9-12,
NSDA FALL
SEMINAR
Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana.
Registration form attached to this
newsletter. For more information, contact
jmeyer@n-sda.org
Household disinfectants must never be used
on dogs. These chemicals are absorbed
through the skin and can cause death.
SOURCE: petsWebMD.com
IDHS Training facility, Camp Atterbury
KUDOS
Susan Elshult and
K-9 Ebb from
Snohomish
County,
Washington,
passed their Land
th
HRD test on March 29 with flying colors.
Susan and K-9 Ebb then returned to work at
the Washington mud slide disaster along with
other K-9 teams, not only with numerous
teams from her own county but from all over
Washington State and as far away as
Montana.
Also certifying/recertifying in Avalanche
during the first week of April were Kevin
Huggett and K-9 Jett from Snoqualmie
Pass, Washington, and Sally Olsen and K9
Skye
from
Bainbridge
Island,
Washington.
ELECTIONS
By Larry Welker
May 1, 2014, is the deadline for applications
for the NSDA Board of Directors. Interested
parties should contact Larry Welker,
Nominations Chair, at lwelker@aol.com.
Positions open include a Member at Large
position, plus one BOD position in Regions 2
and 3.
Regions encompass states as follows:

Region 1: Alaska, Arizona, California,
Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana,
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Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, Wyoming.

Region 2: Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois,
Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Kansas,
Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi,
Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota,
Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee,
Texas, Wisconsin.

Region 3: Connecticut, Delaware,
Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maine,
Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,
North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania,
Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South
Carolina, Vermont, Virginia, West
Virginia.
Our Board of Directors is a working board and
must not be construed as a resume
enhancement opportunity.
“Being somebody” must be trumped by folks
whose focus is “doing something”. Stated
another way, we are looking for NSDA
Directors that have a “care ethic” balanced
with a business background which places
results above just the hope for results.
Yes, we are a National Alliance of Search
Dog handlers but you do not need to be a
long time dog handler or trainer to be of
significant value to the NSDA Board…….your
ability to lead, follow, or get out of the way of
an issue/initiative is really more important
than just knowing what a PLS is!
To apply as a NSDA BOD candidate:
1. You must be a member of NSDA as of
March 2013.
2. Complete the attached application and
get it to the Nominations Chair, Larry
Welker, lwelker@aol.com by 1 May 2014.
NSDA TESTING
PREREQUISITE CHANGE
It has come to our attention that the ICS
809 class will not be offered after March 31,
2014. Because it may take us longer than
that to change our website, please note that,
although it is still on the prerequisite sheet,
it is no longer a requirement for NSDA.
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Watch for
upcoming
certifications in
Idaho in April,
May and June
Water HRD Land HRD Contact: Testing
Chair, Jan Frazee at jfrazee@n-sda.org
IS-809: Emergency Support
Function (ESF) #9 – Search and
Rescue
This course has been reviewed and is not
current with the National Preparedness
System. This course will remain available
until March 31, 2014, and will then be
removed from the Independent Study
Program.
CERTIFICATION EVALUATIONS
Northwest Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio,
Southwest New York: Do you need a national
Area certification for you and your dog?
Contact Jan Frazee at jfrazee@n-sda.org.
October 7 & 8, 2014
CERTIFICATION TESTING,
Camp Atterbury, Indiana,
Area I & II, Land HRD,
Trailing II. Contact: Jan
Frazee at jfrazee@nsda.org
April Board Meeting
Synopsis
The Board meeting was held by conference
call on Thursday, April 3, 2014.
ASTM is seeking NSDA membership on their
K-9 Trailing and Air Scent committees. Cam
Daggett will represent NSDA on the Trailing
Committee and Norma Snelling on the Air
Scent one.
Camp Atterbury is being considered for
Disaster First Responder beta testing.
The new website testing program has a
name change for the General Test. It is
now the Discipline Prerequisite Test.
Glitches regarding the specific tests are being
worked out.
The winnings from the Salute to Senior
Service contest were approved to be utilized
to assist Susan Fleming in getting her Trailing
Principal Evaluator status which has been
held up for many months. Allotment of
unused AKC-CAR grant funds was discussed
and a copy of the adjusted budget was
requested to be sent to all BOD members
before a vote could be taken.
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Jersey, Delaware, and Alabama attended.
Teams represented were PA K9 SAR; MidAtlantic Regional SAR; New Jersey SAR;
DELMARVA SAR; Northwest PA K9 SAR;
Etawah County Rescue Squad and
Allegheny MT Rescue Group.
The K-9 Standards Committee Chair job
description was approved and Janet Yatchek
was appointed to the position.
Standards of MAT SAR (Alaska)
(Indiana) were approved as
organizations whose Evaluators
accepted by NSDA for its Evaluator
and IDHS
certifying
would be
program.
Principal
Evaluator
applications
were
approved for David Lock in Land and Water
HRD and for Stacy Burkhardt in Avalanche.
For the complete minutes, see the NSDA
website at www.n-sda.org
NSDA PA TRAINING
SEMINAR REPORT
By Susan Fleming/Event Chair
and Susan Bulanda, Instructor
March 7-9, 2014, the NSDA SAR dog
seminar/training was held at Codorus
State Park in Pennsylvania.
Everyone was watching the weather
forecast to see if the Pennsylvania winter
snow storms and freezing temperatures
were going to stop for the Training
Seminar. We lucked out for the weekend
and twenty-eight (28) K-9 handlers from
Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, New
Sharon Ballweg, Mason Dixon Rescue Dogs, and K-9
Miko getting ready for HRD work.
Instructors were Sue and Larry Bulanda for
Area Search with Jeff Dentler, Ron Hix and
Thomas Bulanda as helpers; Vi Shaffer for
Advanced Land HRD; and Ed and Heidi Hajek
for Trailing. There were a variety of places to
train, including corn fields, large bath houses,
an old barn and campgrounds with a
assortment of open fields, wooded areas and
buildings.
All candidates’ applications were scanned and
sent to their instructors prior to the seminar.
This enabled the teacher to communicate
with the handler about any training problems
the handler was having. Training exercises
were set up to address those problems.
Susan Bulanda stated that she could honestly
say that everyone made progress over the
weekend and had a good time.
The commitment and dedication of the
instructors made the seminar a great success.
Page 6
To register between April 1st and 31st, visit
http://www.avcoeyeexam.org/2014/animals/
main.shtml.
When at the website, you will need to do the
following to register:
1) first, check qualifications;
2) next, submit a registration form on-line
to receive a confirmation number;
(required to receive exam at clinic);
3) finally, you will be provided a list of
participating ophthalmologists to call
and schedule your appointment.
Kevin Fleming (Valley Search and Rescue) and Lucy
doing a trail.
THE REST OF THE STORY
The handlers left the seminar with good
advice and training techniques to achieve
success in their discipline.
It is important for NSDA to have training and
certification seminars in many regions of the
country and at various times of the year.
NSDA members throughout the country can
host a seminar for training and/or
certification.
If you and your team are
interested, feel free to contact an NSDA
Board Member to learn what needs to be
done to have a seminar.
FREE SERVICE DOG
EYE EXAMS
The ACVO National Service Animal Eye Exam
event is a philanthropic
effort generously
provided to qualified
service animals by the
board certified Diplomats
of the American College
of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
Registration for 2014 will open April 1st.
Exams will be held in May!
The Dog of Montargis, or Murder in the
Wood was a 19th-century melodrama, based
on the tale of Robert Macaire and his trial-bycombat with a dog. It is immortalized in stone
on the mantelpiece of the old castle of
Montargis in France.
Knight Aubrey de Montdidier was murdered in
the forest of the French King Charles V. His
killer was not found until Aubrey’s greyhound,
Dragon, suddenly attacked a man in public.
As was the custom of the day, innocence or
guilt was decided by combat. The unarmed
greyhound fought the club wielding assailant
and won. The murderer was hanged and
Dragon immortalized in the book The Dog of
Montargis.
Sources: Wikepedia, I Love My Dog, The Moral Compass
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ANNOUNCING APRIL PODCAST
By Larry Welker
The NSDA’s APRIL PODCAST will air live on Sunday, April
27th at 8 PM EDT (7 PM
CDT, 6 PM MDT, and 5 PM
PDT).
Our Subject Matter Expert
this month will be Dr.
Sharon Jensen. Dr. Jensen
is a veterinarian from
Washington State and she
has offered to share her knowledge about working dog
medical issues specific to the Golden Retriever and other
common medical issues found with all K-9 SAR working
dogs.
To listen and participate in the PODCAST, go to:
http://www.talkshoe.com/tc/21763 on Sunday evening
April 27, 2014 at 8 PM EST [7PM CST, 6 PM MST, 5 PM
PST].
Once at the Talkshoe site, you'll see that you have three
ways to participate and/or listen to the program. First, you
can phone into the show. The moderator will have your
phone muted initially but if you want to ask a NSDA
presenter a question, hit *T or *8 on your phone or text a
message that you'd like to speak. Second, you can log
onto the program, listen to the show on your computer,
text your questions into the moderator and he will pass
your questions to our guest speakers. And third, if you
can't tune into the live show, you can download the
PODCAST after the program and listen to it at your leisure.
You can also go to iTunes and enter ‘NSDA’ as a search
term. You will then be able to download the PODCAST or
even subscribe to the Programs as a subscription service.
The programs remain on the website indefinitely.
If you can't get to a computer, you can still participate live
by calling Talkshoe at (724) 444-7444 and entering the
code 21763.
GOLDEN
RETRIEVERS
Golden
Retrievers
are
loveable, well mannered,
charming, intelligent dogs.
They are easily trained, are
devoted and self-assured.
They enjoy pleasing their
masters and the dogs excel
in competitions.
Some of the Golden's talents
are
hunting,
tracking,
retrieving,
narcotics
detection, agility, competitive
obedience and performing
tricks. These dogs also love
to swim.
Goldens are prone to cancer
including mast cell tumors.
They are also prone to hip
dysplasia, Von Willebrand's
disease, heart problems and
congenital eye defects. Skin
allergies are common in
Golden Retrievers and often
require veterinary attention.
They gain weight easily so
do not overfeed.
Source: dogbreedinfo.com
HERO DOG
NOMINEES
Page 8
Glory
Sun Valley, CA
Three nominees in the Hero
Dog Search and Rescue
category have selected the
National Search Dog Alliance as their charity
partner.
Their pictures and a shortened
version of the Hero Dog write up follow.
To vote for an NSDA charity partner, go to
http://www.herodogawards.org. Click on the
vote button near the top of the screen. On
the Nominees page, chose Search and Rescue
in the Choose a Category box and the
National Search Dog Alliance in the Choose a
Charity Partner box. Then vote for the dog of
your choice and help NSDA win.
Maxwell
Atallia, AL
Glory is a 6 year
old
Bloodhound
and unique in that
she is the only
Bloodhound in the
State of California
Certified to find lost pets. She has helped
bring closure to hundreds of families in either
locating the pet or finding remains.
One of her recent searches involved finding a
lost Pekinese, Goldie. Goldie belonged to a
couple in their 90's that were in a private care
home.
Catriel Ds
Trois
Couronnes
Batesville, GA
Maxwell is 7 year
old Australian
Shepherd,
NASAR
Nationally
Certified K-9
SARTECH III, Area Live Air Scent SAR Dog.
He has trained and matured to be a SAR dog
since he was six months old. Maxwell and his
handler have been trained, through the years,
by many well recognized USA air scent
trainers, including US Border Patrol.
Cat is a female
Beauceron
who has found several lost dogs for their
owners......Her handler is legally disabled
from a traumatic brain injury. She lives on
SSI, but does SAR for free, has pet therapy
dogs, service dog 4H dog club leader as well.
She also trains at cost-food and vetting
service dogs for disabled veterans and special
needs children.
Maxwell, being a great companion and SAR
dog, has dedicated his life’s work to helping
and saving humans. His work ethic, outgoing
personality and loving disposition and unique
balance of obedience and independence is
more than one could ask for in a SAR dog!
To vote for the K-9 hero of your choice in the
search and rescue category and support
NSDA, go to
http://www.herodogawards
THEY GAVE ALL
Page 9
Around 3 p.m. that afternoon, Crisp and K-9
Maros were ambushed by Troy Whisnant.
Whisnant shot the officer and dog, took the
officer’s gun and kept evading capture.
Shortly afterward, he was approached by an
Avery County sheriff’s deputy and two state
troopers. When they told him to drop the
weapon, Whisnant fired one shot and at least
one officer returned fire, killing him.
According to North Carolina Department of
Correction records, Troy Whisnant was
released from prison in July after serving
eleven months on a receiving stolen property
charge. In the late 1990s, he served a year
in prison for manslaughter.
U.S. Forest Service Officer Jason Crisp and
K-9 Maros
On March 12, 2014, United States Forest
Service Officer Jason Crisp and his K-9 Maros
were ambushed and killed by an accused
murderer. The subject of the manhunt was
later killed by officers. This occurred in Burke
County, North Carolina, near Morganton.
Investigators were called to the home of
Rhonda and Levi Whisnants’ house on Fish
Hatchery Road where deputies found the
couples’ bodies. They were the parents of
Troy David Whisnant who was suspected in
their murder. Troy was a felon who had
spent time in prison.
As the investigation went on, the North
Carolina Highway Patrol notified investigators
that two cars had been reported stolen and
may have been connected to their case.
The manhunt focused on an area a mile in
diameter around the home and one of the
missing cars was located within that
perimeter. More than 100 officers from about
a half-dozen agencies joined in the manhunt.
The Burke County Sheriff’s Office is
investigating the killings of Rhonda and Levi
Whisnant. The State Bureau of Investigation
is investigating the suspect’s death. The FBI
is investigating Officer Crisp’s killing.
Source: The Charlotte Observer
INJURED POLICE K-9
SURVIVES; SAVES
OFFICERS
Anaheim Police Department K-9 Officer
named Bruno was shot in the lower jaw
during a search with SWAT officers on
Thursday, March 20, 2014, after he found a
gunman hiding near a trash can.
The bullet exited Bruno’s jaw and entered his
chest before stopping near his heart,
according to a Facebook post from the
Friends of the Anaheim Police K9 Association,
a non-profit that was raising money to help
cover his medical expenses.
Bruno had surgery at the Yorba Linda
Regional Animal Hospital and was making
progress in his recovery.
Page 10
well" after visits from his human partner.
On Saturday, the dog received some blood
from two other animals in his six-dog K-9
unit, Ares and Guenther.
The 7-year-old German shepherd, Bruno, ate
on his own and took a short walk for the first
time on Sunday afternoon (3/23/14),
according to a post on the Anaheim Police
Department’s blog.
A video showed the K-9 eating on his bed at
the Yorba Regional Animal Hospital, where
he's been recovering. “His blood
count/numbers are slightly up," Anaheim
police officer Brett Klevos wrote in an email to
colleagues.
K-9 Bruno and his human partner
"He probably saved three officers' lives,"
Anaheim Police Lt. Tim Schmidt said of
Bruno.
Surgeons spent three hours reconstructing
the dog’s jaw plus the gunshot wound forced
doctors to remove part of Bruno's lung. The
dog slept "off and on" during the night and
remained heavily sedated early Friday,
Schmidt said.
Early Friday afternoon, the Anaheim Police
Department tweeted that Bruno was "doing
“It was exhausting for K-9 Bruno, but a great
sign," he wrote. "The swelling has gone
slightly down in his jaw. They made a special
paste out of his prescription food and he was
able to consume it with his back teeth."
His condition was still considered "critical,"
but doctors said his recovery was making
"leaps and bounds," the blog post said. "He
is still being given heavy antibiotics and is on
heavy sedation to hopefully keep him
improving and keep him on the road to
recovery," Klevos wrote.
Sources: kla.com, nbclosangeles,com, nydailynews.com
K-9 CRATOS FINDS
On Friday, March 28, 2014, Trooper First
Class David Lock and PA State Police (PSP)
Human Remains Detection Canine, "Cratos"
assisted PSP Jonestown Barracks in the
search for Maxwell Duesterhoeft, a 21 year
old missing male. Maxwell was last seen at
0200 hours on March 22, 2014.
The search area was Swatara Creek in the
area of East Hanover Township, Lebanon
County, PA.
Page 11
attempted to jump into the water. This
behavior continued until they passed by the
object at which time he laid back down and
stopped barking.
The water was approximately three to four
feet deep and, on the second pass, it was
determined that the object was a human
body. Lock assisted with the recovery of the
body by pulling the body to the shoreline.
Swatara Creek
Volunteer teams from a Search and Rescue
Unit had searched the area on Monday,
March 24th with their canines alerting to an
area East of the point last seen and to an
island to the East. These alerts ended with
no body being recovered.
K-9 Cratos was utilized to search the
shoreline of the creek in the area where
Maxwell was last seen but no alert behavior
was observed. PSP Marine Unit assisted with
the searches by taking Lock and K-9 Cratos to
the middle of the creek on their boat.
K-9 Cratos was then utilized to search the
area where the other canines alerted and no
alert behavior was observed from the PSP
canine. K-9 Cratos was then utilized to
search the creek to the West of the point last
seen.
After searching approximately one mile down
the creek, Lock saw something on the bottom
of the stream that could not be identified.
The captain of the boat then began to turn
the boat around as they got downstream and
downwind of the unidentified object. At this
point, K-9 Cratos began to alert and
Pennsylvania State Police recovered the body
of 21-year old Max Duesterhoeft around
11AM on Friday in Swatara Creek. He was
located by troopers using a boat and a
cadaver dog. Troopers said he was found
about a mile southwest of where he was last
seen in the 600 block of Pine Road in East
Hanover Township, Dauphin County.
Max was last seen early Saturday morning at
a party where troopers said he took his shoes
off and walked towards Swatara Creek.
His family had been conducting their own
unofficial search for Max throughout the
week. Max Eichelberger, a friend of Max,
said that Max was going to leave in a few
weeks to go back to school and study
information technology. A Pennsylvania
State Police spokesperson said they will
conduct an autopsy to determine Max’s exact
cause of death.
Below is the news article and a link to the
video of Cratos working from the boat.
[http://assets.newsinc.com/WPMT_75x27.png
?t=1396023480]
[http://contentimg.newsinc.com/jpg/1478/25760647/107584
25.jpg?t=1396023480]
Sources: fox43.com, pennlive.com
Page 12
OSO DISASTER PUSHES DOGS, AND HANDLERS, TO THEIR LIMITS
By Cat Warren (NSDA member and author of What the Dog Knows)
April 5, 2014
Gray and black mud coats everything. The mud is 70 feet deep in places,
shot through with huge shattered evergreens, splintered houses and
outbuildings, twisted cars—pushed together by the force of the slide. A
river has backed up and flooded parts of that mile-square pile. Scattered
somewhere beneath it are the still missing and dead. It keeps raining.
The search continues in that purgatory created almost two weeks ago when
part of a mountain sheared off and roared to the bottom of a river valley in
Oso, Washington. It will probably go on for weeks.
Cadaver dogs, also called human remains detection dogs, are at the epicenter of that search.
Labradors, German shepherds, golden retrievers, even a Weimaraner, ghost-like yet still vibrantly
colored against that glacial mud, scramble to balance on logs, pick their way over the rubble of
crushed houses. All the time, they use their noses to detect the complex odor of human death.
The dogs, handlers alongside them, have to work slowly and methodically. Moving itself is a
challenge, even for a canine with four legs and agility training. Their human handlers are
clumsier. Crawling over huge logs. Avoiding twisted metal. Pulling boots out of mud the
consistency of freshly poured concrete. Sometimes leaving a boot behind, where a helpful
firefighter rescues it and helps get it back on the handler’s foot. Clearing a dog’s nostrils when she
takes too deep a snort into the mud. Making sure the dog doesn’t end up slipping off floating
debris or logs and get stuck underneath. Helping a dog slide down into and out of ponds created
by the incessant rain and the flooding river. Checking,
checking, checking for scent.
I was listening to dog handlers describe that terrible scene
from nearly 3,000 miles away in North Carolina, wishing that I
still lived in the Northwest where I grew up. Wishing I was
there, at the scene. Wishing that my 10-year-old cadaver
dog, Solo, was much younger, or that my agile, driven, but
still juvenile cadaver dog in training, Coda, was older. They
are bookends, each at one spectrum of a dog’s life. It’s not
that any cadaver dog handler wishes for a disaster. To the
contrary. But if there is a disaster, you want to be there, working with your dog.
Everyone at the Oso site knows no victims remain alive. But the search hasn’t stopped. It has
shifted. The number of confirmed dead stands at 30; the number of missing at 15. Cadaver dogs,
both handlers and officials say, have been crucial in helping both to pinpoint victims’ locations and
to narrow areas to search. Everyone knows it might not be possible to recover and identify all the
victims. But dogs, handlers and searchers are all part of a team that is steadily lowering the
number of the missing, one muddy step at a time.
The earlier euphemism that media and officials used for the search at Oso, “specially trained
dogs,” has been abandoned. These dogs, cadaver dogs, are trained to search for the scent of
human remains. As tragic as this disaster is, the dogs still provide hope. It’s crucial work to
recover the dead—and the dogs with their handlers are the first step.
Page 13
“Every area we went to, I was told, ‘Dog teams are our main resource, our guides,’” said Cat Best,
of Walla Wall Sheriff SAR K-9, who worked the area with her black German shepherd, Izzy. It was
the first disaster she had worked and she was honored and awed to be there.
Said another handler, Phoebe Duke of Intermountain Search Dogs out of Spokane, Washington
(and NSDA member), who worked with her nearly 9-year-old golden retriever, Porter, for three
days at Oso and has turned around to return after a rest: “The search is totally around the dogs.”
Their dogs were willing to go in, to go up, to go over.
They are trained to recognize the complex scent of human
remains, with its hundreds of volatile compounds, and to
signal that find to their handlers. Scent may be wafting
from under water, running down the current, getting
pulled into the debris of log piles, or slipping out from
under many feet of mud, perhaps because a piece of
debris has given it enough air to escape. It’s a confused
scent picture on the site.
Nonetheless, for the dogs working to detect the scent of
human remains, it isn’t traumatic. It’s a smell associated
with a game, with a reward, with play. They love it. Dogs
associate their particular job—finding the dead—with positive things, not with tragedy.
Handlers and their flankers mark spots where a dog has expressed interest or alerted and then
move on. Sometimes, they’ll bring in another dog to see if they can narrow the area. Searchers
can come in with shovels and hands, and sometimes a backhoe to get underneath. And if
someone is found or if part of someone is found, they are removed carefully. But the search at
that spot doesn’t necessarily end there. No one can assume, if another dog returns to that site
and expresses interest, that they might not have to dig another six feet further down and find
someone else, or something else. The dog may have still found residual scent from the person
already removed. But perhaps not. It is an excavation of heartbreak and infinite guesswork.
On a disaster scene like this, just as in all difficult work, it’s never about one thing. It’s a team
effort, and there is no perfect tool. Experienced handlers
know that dogs can’t provide all the answers. They
aren’t magic. And sometimes, even when a dog alerts,
effectively telling the handler “I smell something here,”
the handler might not learn the answer, amid the chaos
and challenges of the site.
“It can be very frustrating,” said Marcia Koenig, of King
County Search Dogs (and NSDA member and Principal
Evaluator). “You may never know.” Marcia, with more
than 40 years of search-dog handling experience, worked the Oso landslide for several days, up to
her knees in mud, with her 7-year-old sable shepherd, Raven, working out in front and alongside.
Even experienced dogs and their human handlers are pushed to their physical limits at Oso. They
can become exhausted in what is a horrendous search environment. The mud and water is bonechilling. What’s astonishing is that there have been so few injuries, except for a couple of scrapes
and cut pads, and one case of hypothermia. But dogs can’t do it all. Mud, water, sand, and debris
Page 14
can change where scent is, or block access to it entirely. And in a disaster of this magnitude,
sometimes the trained response handlers are accustomed to seeing, such as a dog lying down or
barking, isn’t there. Handlers have to know their dogs’ body
language, to watch to see if they are interested or “in odor.”
Somehow, through all of this, the dogs are communicating
their knowledge to their handlers. They are accessing places
that aren’t safe for people. They are working off lead,
directed by commands and signals to places their human
handlers can’t access. The dogs’ noses are giving searchers
places to focus their attentions. And in numerous instances,
people who have worked at Oso say, the dogs are the first
step in returning the dead to their families and friends.
“The dogs are working their hearts out,” Marcia Koenig said.
Marcia Koenig is no stranger to working in disasters. She and her prior search dog, Coyote, were
flown to Guam in 1997 when Korean Flight 801 crashed and tore a ragged hole down the
mountainside. She worked after Hurricane Katrina in 2005. She’s the kind of person you want to
work with: cheerful, enthusiastic, happy to see other handlers and their dogs succeed. She and
her husband, Andy Rebmann, who wrote the book on handling cadaver dogs, have trained people
and dogs across the world how to look for the dead. That book, The Cadaver Dog Handbook, was
my bible when I started learning how to train Solo as a cadaver dog in 2004. Andy was on the
site at Oso as well, to help coordinate some of the efforts, and to use his German shepherd, Carlo,
on a water search.
But even with more than four decades of search experience, Marcia is finding Oso is presenting
new challenges to her, to other experienced handlers, and to their dogs.
Oso also is showing handlers new sides to their dogs. Raven is
usually standoffish. Andy calls her “the princess.” But at Oso,
she stepped down from her throne. “Normally she has no
interest in strangers and just turns away from them,” Marcia
said. “But at the search site every time someone wants to pet
her, she snuggles up to them, licks them and tries to get in
their lap if they're sitting down.”
Cat Best, who had never deployed on a disaster, although she
had been on a number of searches, watched the hundreds of
hours of training Izzy pay off, and was enormously grateful for that feeling of becoming one with
the dog: “The directions we had practiced so many times—forward, back, left, right, hup, over
and this way—became imperative for survival and an ongoing conversation between us. We
navigated logs across quicksand, me in my human form just trying not to fall, Izzy with strong
dexterity, like she had done it a million times.”
In the meantime, dogs worked scent. That was what happened all over what handlers call “the
pile.” Searchers and handlers have to take the dog’s interest, use the science and knowledge
about scent, and figure out where to go next. Scent moves. Think about a colored smoke bomb
Page 15
and what it does in wind and in rain, and you start to get the picture. Often, a dog’s alert is just
the beginning of a complex evacuation, using backhoe,
shovels, and sometimes bare hands.
In the meantime, some dogs who have worked several
days are getting a well-deserved break. More than 30
dogs have been on the site. More are being brought in
from other states to give the dogs who have worked for
days a rest.
But the rest won’t last long. While the old adage, “train
hard, search easy” couldn’t be applied in this case, facing
mountains of mud and debris, that doesn’t mean handlers
and trainers aren’t already mulling over how to incorporate the lessons they learned on the site to
future trainings.
Although I only had photographs and word pictures in my
head, although I am on the opposite coast from
Washington, I started thinking about what I could do to
incorporate lessons from this disaster. How I might train
my little 20-month-old minx, Coda, to best prepare her,
and me, for such a terrible search. It was almost beyond
imagining. Almost.
Driving home to Spokane after several days of searching,
Phoebe Duke and her fellow team members were already
jotting notes on how they could make sure their dogs were even better prepared. Making sure all
the dogs were used to getting on ATVs. Getting them accustomed to helicopter blade backwash.
Training them so they could balance easily on log piles, even when those logs shifted under their
feet. And Marcia Koenig, though she admits that she is covered with bruises and exhausted, said
she was going out in the morning with Andy. To work with their dogs on training problems. To
make sure the dogs were happy and successful. And ready for the next search.
Source: thedodo.com
Page 16
AVALANCHE
Below are the Avalanche statistics through March for 2014:
DATE
2014-03-30
2014-03-22
**
2014-03-15
2014-03-11
2014-03-10
2014-03-07
2014-03-05
2014-03-04
2014-02-28
2014-02-22
2014-02-18
2014-02-16
2014-02-15
2014-02-11
2014-02-10
2014-02-10
2014-02-09
2014-02-08
2014-01-18
2014-01-13
2014-01-11
2014-01-07
PLACE
La Pine, Newberry Volcano,
Paulina Peak
Snoqualmie Pass, Granite
Mountain, south side
FATALITIE ST
1
OR
ACTIVITY
SNOWMOBILE
SUMMARY
1 snowmobiler caught, buried and killed
1
WA
SKI
1 backcountry skier caught, buried and
killed
Haines, Kicking Horse Valley,
Tele Bowl
Cooke City, Daisy Pass / Crown
Butte
Altoona Lakes, Granite County,
NE of Phillipsburg
Uinta Mountains, Gold Hill
La Plata Mountains,
Sharkstooth
Eastern San Juans, Conejos
Peak
Missoula, Rattlesnake Valley,
Mt. Jumbo
Troy, West Cabinet Mountain
Range
Togwotee Pass
Smoky Mountains, Frenchman
Creek, west of Galena Summit
Sawatch Range, Independence
Pass, Star Mountain
Wallowa Mountains, near
Cornucopia, Little Eagle
Meadow
Keystone, North Fork Swan
River
Crested Butte, Kebler Pass
1
AK
SKI
1 heli-ski guide caught, buried and killed
1
MT
SNOWMOBILE
1
MT
SKI
1
1
UT
CO
SNOWMOBILE
SNOWMOBILE
1
CO
OTHER
2 snowmobilers caught, 1 injured and 1
buried and killed
1 backcountry skier caught, buried and
killed
(presumed)
1 ski patroller caught, buried and killed
1
MT
OTHER
1
MT
SNOWMOBILE
1
1
WY
ID
SNOWMOBILE
SNOWMOBILE
2
CO
SKI
2
OR
SKI
1
CO
SKI
1
CO
SNOWMOBILE
Sanpete County, Hungtington
Reservoir
Wasatch Mountains, American
Fork Canyon
Cascade Mountains, Barlow
Pass, Lewis Peak
Logan, Providence Canyon,
Fair and Rodeo Grounds
Preston, Northern Bear Range,
St Charles Canyon
Vail, East Vail Chutes, CDC
1
UT
SNOWMOBILE
2 out-of-area skiers caught, 1 partly
buried, 1 buried and killed
2 snowmobilers caught, 1 partly buried, 1
buried and killed
1
UT
SNOWSHOE
1 snowshoer caught, buried and killed
1
WA
CLIMB
1 climber caught and killed
UT
SNOWMOBILE
1 snowmobiler caught, buried and injured
ID
SNOWMOBILE
1 snowmobiler caught, buried and injured
CO
SKI
4 out-of-area skiers caught, 1 buried and
killed, 3 injured
1
1 snowplayer and 2 residents caught and
buried, 1 resident killed
2 snowmobilers caught, 1 partly (mostly)
buried and 1 buried and killed
4 snowmobilers caught and buried, 1
killed
5 backcountry skiers caught, 3 injured, 2
buried and killed
5 backcountry skiers caught, 2 partly
buried, 2 injured and 2 killed
Page 17
AVALANCHE
** NSDA Avalanche Principal Evaluator Kevin Huggett made this find and, when he gets back
from the mudslide in Oso, WA, will write an article on the avalanche for the newsletter. Below is
the report posted on Avalanche.org.
Place: Snoqualmie Pass, Granite Mountain, south side
State: WA
Country: USA
Fatalities: 1
Summary: 1 backcountry skier caught, buried and killed
From the NWAC's Monday morning (3/24) report: Around 4:45 PM on Saturday afternoon two (2)
skiers and a dog descending the looker's left (or skier's right) avalanche path on the south side of
Granite Mt (visible from I-90) triggered a slab avalanche that stepped down to a deeper slab.
Upon review of crown photos and conversations with local avalanche professionals from
Snoqualmie Pass, it seems most likely that the initial slab failure on this cross loaded path included
the Wed/Thu storm snow and the second slab of similar depth included last Sun/Mon storm snow
with the bonds between these layers weakened by strong solar input and potential melt water in
the upper snowpack during the afternoon. The best estimate right now is that both slabs were at
least one (1) foot in depth.
The skier caught and eventually killed in the slide left the ridgeline at about 5200 ft. in elevation
and skied onto a steep (40+ degrees) slope. The avalanche became a large and destructive wet
slab funneling down to around 2300', entraining increasingly saturated snow lower in the avalanche
path and at times gouging to the ground. Initial size estimates are at least D3/R3. The other
person was in a safe zone and not affected. The skier who was caught was buried under twenty
(20) feet of debris but was recovered Sunday morning by local search and rescue efforts. Another
party of two lower on Granite was not caught and aided in the preliminary search efforts.
Media Report: blogs.seattletimes.com
Posted 24 March 2014 at 0900 MDT
Source: Avalanche.org
Page 18
DISASTER AREA
LILLIAN HARDY
Lillian Hardy is the Search
and Rescue Program
manager for Indiana
Department of Homeland
Security. She has been
involved in search and rescue
work since 1981.
INDIANA IN THE FALL
Join NSDA in Edinburgh, Indiana, at Camp
Atterbury for the October 9-12, 2014, Fall
Seminar.
ATTERBURY INSTRUCTORS
Land HRD
Lisa Higgins, LaSAR (profiled in the
March issue of SAR Dog News)
Area
Sharon Jones, Virginia Search and Rescue
Council
Kim Veldheer, K-9 ONE Search and
Rescue
Trailing
Mark Holmes, Detective CID Port Arthur,
TX K-9 Handler
Corbin Hodge, Instructor, United States
Mantrailing Association
Disaster Area
Lillian Hardy, Indiana DHS, SAR Section
Chief
Ann Wichmann, SARDA
Disaster HRD
Deana Hudgins,
Recovery Canines
Ohio
Search
and
Lillian started as a volunteer in
1981 while living in California;
she worked with Civil Air
Patrol and the American Red Cross as a First
Aid Instructor and as a member of the Los
Angeles Chapter Disaster Assistance Team.
In 1988 she moved to Illinois and founded
Illinois Search and Rescue (ISAR) and
continued working with Civil Air Patrol.
Lillian has instructed ground search and
rescue classes and has assisted many K-9
handlers with the training of their dogs. Lillian
received certification through National K-9 in
1993 as Master Dog trainer and has worked
with many breeds and training disciplines.
While in Indiana, Lillian has volunteered as a
member of Midwest Search dogs and the
Indiana Search and Rescue Association; she
also served on the PSTI (Public Safety
Training Institute) K-9 Sub-Committee. Lillian
has instructed at several Law Enforcement
Training Specialist seminars.
Since 2004, Lillian has worked as the Search
and Rescue Section Chief for the Indiana
Department of Homeland Security. She
manages the IDHS Mari Hulman George
Search and Rescue Training Center located
in Edinburgh, Indiana.
Watch for biographies of the other Atterbury
instructors in future issues of SAR Dog News.
Page 19
KIBBLES & BITS
by Susan Bulanda
Editor’s note: Anyone having questions regarding SAR, training,
animal behavior, etc., please submit them to susanb21@juno.com
A dog’s False Alert is a handler’s most feared thing. While it is more common in air scenting dogs,
any dog in any discipline can give a false alert. This issue of Kibbles and Bits will address why it
happens and the next issue will discuss how to prevent/cure it.
Why Dogs Give a False Alert Part I
A false alert can be either on a human, human remains or an object. For the sake of this article,
all references to the hidden person will also mean an object or whatever the dog is being trained
to find. In reality, it could be a specific scent such as bomb or drug scents.
There are a number of reasons why a dog will give a false alert. Sometimes the
cause is a combination of issues and not limited to one. To determine why your
dog gives a false alert, you must analyze all of the components discussed below.
To begin with, either you or someone else must carefully observe all of the events that led
up to the false alert. What the problem involved, how you behaved and how the dog acted.
If it happens more than once, by writing down notes, you will start to see a pattern. Once you see
a pattern, you will start to understand why the dog is giving a false alert.
A) Many handlers teach their dog to give a false alert during training, even though the handler
is unaware that they are doing it. When the handler knows where the person is hiding,
they will give the dog some sort of body signal just before the dog has a find. This could
be slowing down, looking in the direction of the hidden person or even consistently walking
toward the hidden person. New dog handlers are most likely to do this but seasoned
handlers can do it as well. One of the reasons why a handler will do this is their desire to
succeed and have their dog progress quickly so that they can become qualified.
Unfortunately the false alert can disqualify a dog who is being tested for certification.
In the scenario above, the dog will have a successful find and give the alert signal as long
as the handler knows where the person is hiding. When the handler does not know where
the person is hiding, but they think the person could be in an area, they will give the body
signal and the dog will give the false alert. The dilemma is that, in order to learn to read
the dog, the handler must know where the person is hiding in early training.
Page 20
B) Some dogs are so excited about the praise/reward for finding a
person that they will give a false alert to earn the praise/reward.
These dogs figure this out themselves and manipulate their
handler to get what they want. The handler is not at fault in this
case but must correct the behavior immediately in order to stop
it.
C) In very rare cases, the dog may have had enough work and is
either tired or bored and has learned that by giving a false alert
the problem will end. This is something the dog figures out on
his own. It is important that the handler does not support this behavior.
D) The dog thinks that the problem should be over and decides to end it himself, not because
he is tired or bored. These dogs will act lively and happy indicating that they are not tired
or bored.
Kibbles & Bits will have Part II in May.
Trivia
Well-Heeled: This is an interesting phrase. The first use of this term was in cock fighting during
the frontier days. The term came from the fact that men would add an
artificial spur before the bird went into a fight. During the same period of
time, but a little later, the term meant to be well armed. Men who went
“heeled” carried a gun and well heeled meant that they were well armed.
It wasn’t until a decade later that the term took on today’s meaning that a
person who is “well-heeled” meant that they were well provided with
money. Does that mean that people decided that it was easier and safer
to protect themselves with money instead of guns? An interesting thought.
Horsefeathers has been around since about 1925 and is an
euphemism for “horseshit.” It could also be related to the term
“horsefeathers” used in carpentry. In old time carpentry,
horsefeathers were the feathering strips used in roofing and siding.
It is also possible that the term derived as a substitute for
“nonsense.” There is an old saying “That’s nonsense, that’s like
saying horses have feathers.” What is ironic about this is that the
hair around the hooves of horses and on the legs of dogs is referred to as feathering. Who
knows!
Chin-chin is a rare expression of greeting. It is an oriental English greeting that is used in
literature since the early 19th century. It is derived from the old English word cin. Chin-Chin is a
corruption of the Chinese salutation ts’ing ts’ing. It has nothing at all to do with the anatomical
“chin.”
SPRING CLEANING
When spring arrives, it is time for spring
cleaning, not only the house but also tasks
pertaining to dogs.
 Walk the yard: When snow melts, there
is always fecal matter that was hidden
and needs to be cleaned up. Downed
branches, stones and other debris that a
dog might swallow or chew should also
be removed.

Clean or discard
old toys: An inventory
of the dog’s toys will
indicate whether the
toys need to be washed
or thrown out. Plush
and fabric toys can be put in the washing
machine. Frayed and/or broken ones
should be discarded.
 Clean the dog’s space: Besides the
regular chores of washing bedding and
dog dishes, areas adjoining the dog’s
space needs cleaning too. Baseboards
around the dog’s dishes need washing as
well as the dog’s favorite windows.
Crates and carriers could use a thorough
cleansing with mild soap such as dish
washing detergent and a highly diluted
disinfectant. A final wipe-down with
water could reduce the chance of the dog
coming in contact with chemicals.
 Get rid of dog hair: Spring is time for
dog’s to shed and leave large deposits of
fur in the house. Before vacuuming
carpets and
upholstery, mist
them lightly with a
mixture of water
and fabric
softener. Then go
Page 21
over the fabric with a stiff-bristled brush
to loosen and pull up embedded hairs. A
lint roller, pet-hair remover or other hair
grabbing device can be used before
vacuuming.
SUPPORT NSDA WHEN
YOU SHOP
NATIONAL WINNER
Thurman Hayes of
Jamestown, North
Carolina, is the national
winner of the Salute to
Senior Service contest.
NSDA’s President Norma
Snelling was a winner for
the State of Washington and garnered $500
for the Alliance.
After selling some of his land to the Guilford
County Schools for a new school for children
with disabilities, Mr. Hayes followed the entire
building process, getting to know all the
workers and being rewarded by them with a
hard hat. Since the school’s completion, Mr.
Hayes has assisted with PE every day and
participates in all extracurricular activities.
Mr. Hayes averages well over 100 hours of
volunteer time each month …….AND he
celebrated his 97th birthday in January!
ARSON DOG STATUE WINS
The National Fire Dog Monument, sponsored
by American Humane Association and State
Farm Insurance, was voted the top
monument in the Washington, D.C., area
The final round of voting had more than
9,000 votes cast between the National
Seabee Memorial and the National Fire Dog
Monument. And after five rounds of this
inaugural contest, with more than 27,000
total votes cast, the arson dog won.
Age: Dedicated 2013
Home: Fifth and F streets NW, Washinton,
D.C.
Sculptor: Austin Weishel
Key stat: K-9 agent Sadie, who served as a
model for the statue, was named the 2011
Law Enforcement/Arson Dog of the Year.
Page 22
Page 23
AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT (ADA)
That’s true devotion…or…That’s a really good therapy dog!
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines a service dog as one that is trained to do work
or perform tasks for a person with a disability. ADA regulations state that businesses, government
and many non-profit organizations must allow service animals wherever the public has access.
The ADA rules also specify that, when it is not obvious what service an animal provides, only two
questions may be asked:
1. Is the dog a service animal required because of a disability?
2. What work or task has the dog been trained to perform?
If a business denies access to a person accompanied by what turns out to be a legitimate service
dog, they could face civil penalties of up to $55,000 for violating a person’s civil rights.
Source: AKC Family Dog
Please be aware that SAR dogs are not considered service dogs in all states and SAR K-9s should
not be presumed to be covered under this federal law.
Acquiring a dog is the only chance we get to choose our relations.
Anonymous
Page 24
BOOK
REVIEW
By Susan Bulanda
Hit by a Flying Wolf: True Tales of Rescue,
Rehabilitation and Real Life with Dogs and
Wolves by Nicole Wilde, published by
Phantom Publishing, ISBN: 978-9817227-4-0,
$19.95, 157 pgs.
When I first read the title of this book, I was
concerned that it would promote wolf and
wolf-dog ownership, encouraging the general
public to think that it was cool to own a wolf.
However I was very relieved to see that the
book does not do this.
Instead, the book is divided into two parts.
The first part tells about the author’s
experience with some of the dogs that she
rescued. Like many dog trainers and
behavior consultants, Ms. Wilde did not want
dogs that needed extensive rehabilitation as
her own pets. As a behavior consultant
myself, I could fully relate to that feeling.
After working with other people’s problems,
you do not want to come home and have a
full set of problems yourself. You want to
enjoy your dog.
This was not to be the case for Ms. Wilde.
She shares with her readers the issues she
had with her dogs and how she worked with
them to solve the problems. She also shares
the story of her “soul” dog, the special one
that connected with her. Those of us who
have at least one “soul” dog in our lives are
truly blessed.
The second part of the book tells how Ms.
Wilde responded to an ad for wolfdogs and as
a result met Tia who ran Villalobos Rescue
Center. By the end of the first visit, she
volunteered to do whatever was needed and
wound up co-running and being the Executive
Director of the rescue.
She tells us about the plight of these poor
animals that were given up by people who
had no idea how to handle or meet the needs
of a wolf. Throughout the second half of the
book she shows us the problems she had and
how she tried to overcome them in order to
give these beautiful animals as much quality
of life as can be expected in captivity.
Due to extenuating circumstances, Ms. Wilde
winds up taking three wolves home where
she had to build a wolf-proof pen for them.
She stresses that wolves can eat through an
11 gauge chain link fence with no trouble.
They are also expert at tunneling and
climbing. Although the wolves are tame, they
are not dogs and handling them and going in
the pen with them required awareness and
caution on her part.
The book has beautiful color pictures of both
her dogs and the wolves. I was delighted at
how well written the book is. Ms. Wilde’s
sincerity about the frustrations she had and
efforts she made to solve the behavior issues
were a delight to read.
This is not a step-by-step how to solve
problems book; it is a book that shares
from the heart. The tone of the book was
not one of “see how great I am,” but rather
“share my frustrations and experiences.”
I think it is also important to mention that,
although it is not a major theme in the
book, Ms. Wilde was able to accomplish
what she did because her husband, C.C.,
was 100% supportive. Without his help, I
do not feel she would have been as
successful or even able to do what she did.
Handling her dogs and wolves, in many
ways, was a two person job. In conclusion
I have to say that I thoroughly enjoyed
reading this book and could personally
relate to most of it. It is a must read for
anyone who loves wolves and dogs.
To order a copy, go to:
http://www.nicolewilde.com/store/hit-by-aflying-wolf/
THE LAST
HOWL
By Sue Wolff
Opinions expressed in this
column are those of the
author and not necessarily those of the National
Search Dog Alliance.
Admittedly, the older I get the longer it
takes to recover from doing a search
and/or an evaluation. One thing I have
learned is that continual use of muscles,
arms, legs, your whole body is vital to
“aging well”.
Muscle tone, strength,
stamina are all essential if we are to
continue in SAR at any age.
This doesn’t mean that you have to go to
the gym to work out (although that helps).
It does mean that you, and your dog, need
to go to training at least once a week in
order to stay in shape so that you don’t
become a part of the problem on a search.
Board of Directors—
Norma Snelling, President, Washington
nsnelling@n-sda.org
360-808-0894
Sherry Scruggs, Vice-President, Georgia
sscruggs@n-sda.org
Sue Wolff, Secretary, Tennessee
swolff@n-sda.org
Cameron Daggett, Treasurer, Idaho
cdaggett@n-sda.org
208-720-0619
Susan Fleming, Pennsylvania
sfleming@n-sda.org
Gloria Howard, Florida
ghoward@n-sda.org
Jan Meyer, Missouri
jmeyer@n-sda.org
Robert Noziska, New Mexico
rnoziska@n-sda.org
Robert Simon, Florida
Advocacy Council
An old adage says “Age is a state of mind,
If you don’t mind, it don’t matter.”
Obviously Thurman Hayes agrees; he still
volunteers at the age of 97. Are we going
to be like him or will we be couch potatoes
watching TV and groaning about our aches
and pains?
Page 25
 Susan Bulanda
 Frank Hancock
 Lisa Higgins
 Marcia Koenig
 Carol Ann Namur
 Larry Welker
 Dee Wild
 Arthur E. Wolff
National Search Dog Alliance
Statement of Financial Income and Expense
January 1 through April 1, 2014
04/01/2014
Cash basis
TOTAL
Income
45030 · Interest-Savings, Short-term CD
45040 · Interest - Checking
15.25
0.25
46420 · Inventory Sales (Merchandise)
272.66
46430 · Certification Field Test
245.00
46440 · On Line Certification Testing
47210 · Membership Dues - Individual
47230 · Membership Dues - Team
49061 · 2014 Pennsylvania Seminar
Total Income
155.00
2,360.00
900.00
2,325.00
6,273.16
Cost of Goods Sold
50700 · Cost of Inventory
Total COGS
109.75
109.75
Gross
Profit
6,163.41
Expense
65010 · Business/Financial Software
377.75
65020 · Postage, Mailing Service
180.00
65021 · Shipping for Alliance Depot
82.06
65040 · Office Supplies
22.64
65070 · Web/Trng Sites and Hosting Fees
13.57
65075 · Hosting Fees
27.14
65080 · PayPal Cost-Membership Dues
53.36
65090 · PayPal Cost-Inventory Sales
5.99
65100 · PayPal Cost-On Line Training
10.91
67330 · 2014 Pennslyvania Seminar
68100 · BOD meeting/travel
Total Expense
Net Ordinary Income
Net Income
2,341.74
108.43
3,223.59
2,939.82
2,939.82
TRAINING, SEMINARS & CONFERENCES
REACH OVER 1,300 SAR K-9 HANDLERS. LIST YOUR
TRAININGS, SEMINARS AND CONFERENCES IN THE
SAR DOG ALERT.
Contact Editor Sue Wolff at swolff@n-sda.org
April 20-25, International Bloodhound Trailing & Cadaver Seminar, put on by Law
Enforcement Bloodhound Association (LEBA), in Grantsville, Maryland. Not just for Bloodhounds...all
breeds and SAR handlers welcome! For more information, go to leba98.com for a registration form.
April 24-27, North Carolina Canine Emergency Response Team (NCCERT) 4th annual HRD
Seminar, Washington, NC. Actual fieldwork will be the emphasis for this seminar including day and
night work, wilderness, urban, town, buildings (large & small) and vehicles. Water - daytime only.
For more information and registration forms, please email: info@nccert.org
April 26-27. K9320 –Intermediate Tracking / Trailing Techniques for K9s, Camp Atterbury,
Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail
lhardy@dhs.in.gov
May 3-4, Tracking Dog Clinic, Morinville, Alberta, Canada. For more information, see
http://www.precisionsearchdog.com/2014-Seminars.html
May 3-4, SAR300 – Ground Search Operations, Level II, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana.
For more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
May 3-4, K9650 –K9 Credentialing Test, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more
information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
May 3-9, FUNdamentals for Dog Training Success, Blue Ridge Canine Services facility,
Faber, VA. For further information and registration, contact Amy Swope, Email:
amy.swope@yahoo.com, Phone: (540) 292-4073
May 14-18, Area, Trailing, HRD seminar, Dwight Mission, Vian, OK. Limited Space: 16 Air Scent
handlers, 14 Trailers, 8 Land HRD and 8 Water HRD. Contact information and further information
can be found at eastoklahomak9.com
Training, Seminars & Conferences Continued
May 14-15, K9420- Advanced Tracking/Trailing Search Techniques for K-9s, Camp
Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail
lhardy@dhs.in.gov
May 14th - 18th, East Oklahoma K-9 Training Seminar, Dwight Mission, Vian, OK. Air Scent,
Land and Water HRD, Trailing. For more information and an application, see
http://eastoklahomak9.com. On the web site, you'll see a tab for "Events" and then "Seminar 2014"
or email Deanna Butler, dbutler@windstream.net
May 16, California Narcotic Canine Association Regional Training and Certification day,
Rio Lindo Adventist Academy, 3200 Rio Lindo Ave., Healdsburg, CA. For more information contact
Chris.Bertoli@sonoma-county.org
May 16-18, K-9 Tracking/Trailing Seminar, Harriman, TN. Classes are limited. For more
information, contact Janet Besanceney at SI.K9seminars@gmail.com
May 21-25, North Star K9 Training Association Spring Seminar, Seymour, IN. Water, Land
HRD and Trailing. Register and more information at www.nsk9ta.com
May 30- June 1 (Date CHANGED), Basic Tracking Dog Seminar, Morinville, Alberta, Canada.
For more information, see http://www.precisionsearchdog.com/2014-Seminars.html
June 5-8, Penn Vet Working Dog Conference, “Whole Dog Health: An Integrative Approach
to Building a Stronger Team”, Philadelphia, PA. Focus on current best practices and new
techniques for maintaining the health and longevity of working and performance dogs, minimizing
injury, rehabilitation, and preventive care. For more information, see
http://pennvetwdc.org/education/conference/
June 5-8, Penn Vet Working Dog Conference, “Whole Dog Health: An Integrative
Approach to Building a Stronger Team”, Philadelphia, PA. Focus on current best practices
and new techniques for maintaining the health and longevity of working and performance dogs ,
minimizing injury, rehabilitation, and preventive care. For more information, see
http://pennvetwdc.org/education/conference
June 7-8, Scenarios Workshop for Search Dog Teams, Cody, WY. Search scenarios will be
conducted in wilderness and urban areas to simulate actual searches for missing persons. Human
remains detection, airscent, evidence and trailing dog disciplines will be utilized for large area and
urban search for the types of cases SAR handlers usually respond to such as Alzheimer subjects,
missing children, drowning victims, suicide searches as well as crime scene. For more information,
contact K. T. Irwin at leonberg@tctwest.net.
June 7, K9210 -Basic Land Cadaver Techniques for K9s, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana.
June 8, K9200 –Basic Air Scenting Techniques for K9s, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana.
June 19-22, SAR Conference, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call
Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
June 20-21, 5th Annual Water Workout Weekend, Whitney Point Reservoir near
Binghamton, NY. For more information, contact Robert Langendoen <rexlange@msn.com>
June 20-22, Basic Search Dog Seminar, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. For more
information, see http://www.precisionsearchdog.com/2014-Seminars.html
June 20-22, HRD Seminar near Cody, WY. Bill Dotson, Ann Christensen and Ben Alexander will
rotate through three groups of beginning, intermediate and advanced teams with 8 teams per group.
For more information, contact K. T. Irwin at leonberg@tctwest.net.
June 25-27, Detection Dogs with Mike Suttle, Mottville, New York. Topics addressed will
include operant conditioning, scent wall training, building and capping drive, dog selection, odor
recognition, a solid commitment to the dog's target odor, development of a solid final response,
proper reward presentation, and troubleshooting. This seminar will be limited to 20 dog/handler
teams and unlimited observers. Please contact Lynn Packard at events@sdona.org or 734-320-2288
for additional information.
June 27-29 All Breed Mantrailing Seminar in Laramie, Wyoming. Albany County Sheriff's
Search & Rescue is sponsoring this seminar featuring Sleuth Hounds master trainers Marshall Thielen
and Colin Thielen. For more information contact Cathi Carr-Lundfelt at galenagold@msn.com or call
(307) 742-6399 or (307) 399-6147.
July 12-13, GSAR 400– Ground Search (Technician), Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For
more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
July 13-15, 2014 Police and Military Working Dog Conference, Gaylord Opryland Resort,
Nashville, TN. For more information, visit www.K9copmagazine.com
July 19-20, K9300 -Intermediate Air Scenting Techniques for K9s, Camp Atterbury,
lhardy@dhs.in.gov
August 2, SAR100 -Crime Scene Operations – Blood Borne Pathogens, Camp Atterbury,
lhardy@dhs.in.gov
August 3, K9 Pretest, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call Lillian Hardy
at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
August 8, 9 and 10, Airscent/Trailing seminar near Cody, Wyoming. The instructors will be
Janet Wilts and Beat Marti. Please go to www.WindRiverK9.org to view their bios or to sign up or email Janet Wilts at janetwilts@msn.com.
August 23-24, SAR200 – Ground Search Operations, Level I, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh,
Indiana. For more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
August 30-31, K9410 –Advanced Land Cadaver Techniques for K9s, Camp Atterbury,
lhardy@dhs.in.gov Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call Lillian Hardy at
812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
September 6-7, K9650 –K9 Credentialing Test, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more
information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
September 20-21, SAR200 – Ground Search Operations, Level II, Camp Atterbury,
lhardy@dhs.in.gov
September 28-October 3, CSAR Seminar, Camp Lakewood, Potosi, MO. For more information,
see www.csar.org
September 28-October 3, 2014 Fall Workshop, Holiday Lake 4-H Camp, Appomattox, VA. Old
Dominion K-9 and Sumner County (TN) Emergency Management. For more information, see
http://www.olddominionsar.com/instructors.html
October 9-12, NSDA Fall Seminar, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. Registration
form attached to this newsletter. For more information, contact jmeyer@n-sda.org
October 11, SAR101 – Skills day, Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For more information call
Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana. For
more information call Lillian Hardy at 812-526-0013 or e-mail lhardy@dhs.in.gov
Application for Election to the Board of Directors
Candidate’s Name:
Physical address:
Mailing address if different from above:
Phone number: Day time:
Night time:
E-mail address:
NSDA voting region: _________________
NSDA membership number (MUST be member by March 1, 2013): _________
ATTACH Photograph: in jpg format for inclusion on the NSDA website and in the NSDA
newsletter
ATTACH Candidate Bio: 750 words or less highlighting your non canine expertise for
inclusion on the NSDA website and in the NSDA newsletter
ATTACH completed BOD Candidate Questionnaire
COMPLETE this form and send along with the attachments listed above to Larry Welker,
lwelker@aol.com or mail to Larry at 20203 Easter Ferry Road, Athens, AL 35614.
NATIONAL SEARCH DOG ALLIANCE (NSDA)
Questions for Board Candidates
Name__________________________________________________ Region _____________
NSDA wants all voting members to have the best possible information about individuals who are seeking a position on its
Board of Directors. In pursuit of this goal, we would like each candidate to answer the following questions.
1) Please tell our members about your business experience and involvement in SAR organizational management.
2) Do you have the time to devote between three (3) and five (5) hours each week to help on different committees or other
assignments and what would be your preferred line of work?
3) Do you have any specialized professional skills, managerial or financial experience which could help NSDA manage
their growth?
4) What vision do you have for NSDA and where do you see the Alliance in five (5) years?
ten (10) years?
5) If elected, what would you want to see NSDA accomplish during your term in office?
6) As a member of the Board, what would you change about NSDA ?
7) Why do you want to be on NSDA’s Board?
8) Do you provide services or product for the SAR Community for personal financial gain? If yes, please explain.
9) Are you on the Board of Directors or Advisory Board of any other organization(s)?
If so, which ones?
Would there be any conflict of interest should you be elected to the NSDA Board?
10) Any comments you would like to add.
*** If you would like to certify at this event, your full
registration MUST be received BEFORE August 1 ***
NSDA Area, Disaster, Trailing and Land HRD Seminar
Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana
October 9 – 12, 2014
Registration Fee if postmarked on or prior to September 1, 2014:
$385.00 for Non-Members $200.00 without a K-9
One dog per registrant
$290.00 for Members
$150.00 without a K-9
No Partial Registrations
Registration Fee if postmarked after September 15, 2014:
$385.00 for everyone with a K-9; $250 without a K-9
Lodging Wednesday through Saturday; Meals Thursday breakfast through Sunday breakfast;
Classes Thursday AM through Sunday noon.
Name & K-9 name will be on certificate as written here. Please PRINT ALL so I can read it!
Name: __________________________________Address__________________________
City/State/ZIP: _____________________________________Phone #_________________
NSDA Membership # _____________________ Expiration Date: ____________________*
*For membership information, contact ckelley.sardog@yahoo.com
Affiliation: ________________________________________________________________
Email (PRINT LEGIBLY): ___________________________________________________
Canine Name & Breed _______________________________________________ M / F
I will be staying: on-site
I will be staying off-site
Indicate class you would like to attend - check only one:
Area Search
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
***
Land HRD
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
***
Trailing
Beginning
Intermediate
Advanced
***
Disaster Area
Beginning
*** Intermediate
***
Required to work on pile:
steel or composite toe boots,
Disaster HRD
Beginning
*** Intermediate
***
knee pads, gloves, long
sleeves, helmet
*** K-9 required to perform a consistent, recognizable, trained final response. The Beginning
Disaster classes are for those K-9’s proficient in Area or HRD and wish to move to disaster training. Previous
training, a trained final response and appropriate equipment are required by the instructors to work the pile.
EVALUATIONS
NSDA will offer evaluations/certifications on Tuesday, October 7 and Wednesday, October 8. All
evaluation slots will be assigned on a first come, first serve basis based on receipt of registration. All
of the testing prerequisites, standards and instructions can be found on the website at www.n-sda.org
on the Testing/Evaluator Information page. Any candidate unable to provide copies of their
prerequisite requirements to the Evaluator at the time of the test will not be able to test. No
exceptions. We will not be able to accept any evaluation requests once all slots are full. We will
keep you posted on the website as to when the classes fill or when all evaluation slots are full.
Evaluations will begin at 8:00 am on Tuesday and Wednesday for all disciplines. Those attending the
seminar will be given testing preference. If you would like to certify, a fully paid registration must
be RECEIVED PRIOR TO AUGUST 1, so we can determine how many evaluators will be
needed.
Evaluation fee: $35.00 members
$75.00 non-members
Include fee with registration.
I would like to test Area I
Tuesday
Wednesday
Dog Name __________
I would like to test Area II
Tuesday
Wednesday
Dog Name __________
I would like to test Land HRD
Tuesday
Wednesday
Dog Name __________
I would like to test Trailing II
Tuesday
Wednesday
Dog Name __________
I will need a bunk on Tuesday night because I am testing.
Yes
No
A bunk will be provided Tuesday night at Camp Atterbury for those who will be testing.
You may have to move on Wednesday to your permanent location for the seminar.
Meals will not be provided on Tuesday or Wednesday. Only one (1) dog may be tested
per handler per day. If you would like to test one dog in two disciplines, it would have
to be on separate days.
ON-SITE ACCOMMODATIONS
Included in the registration price will be individual rooms with a community
bathroom in each building. Each room will have one set of bunk beds. We will
make every effort to house one person in each room, but at this time we are
unable to make that guaranty. You will need to provide your own sheets,
pillows, blankets, soap, toilet paper, etc. Also, you will need to sweep out each
building, empty the trash and clean up on Sunday before you leave.
Dogs in crates allowed in rooms.
SEMINAR T-SHIRTS (Be sure to mark # of t-shirts and circle size(s))
I would like to order _____ seminar t-shirt(s) @ $10.00 each – Size: S M L XL 2 XL
(Add cost of t-shirt(s) to registration check.)
In Case of Emergency
Contact: ________________________________________ Tele #: ___________________
Registration Fee
T- Shirt Fee
Evaluation Fee
Total Check Enclosed
___________
___________
___________
___________
Mail to:
NSDA 2014 Seminar
c/o Jan Meyer
1123 Eagle Creek Road
Wildwood, MO 63005
AGAIN THIS YEAR: If you know someone who would like to attend and be a helper (runner,
subject, etc.), NSDA will provide meals and a bunk for that person and there will not be
registration fee charged. Please distribute to friends, family and teammates. This will be on a
first come, first serve basis. Helpers will be expected to help all day on Thursday, Friday,
Saturday and till noon on Sunday. Ask each helper to fill out form on page 6 and return to
jmeyer@n-sda.org or snail mail to the address above.
REGISTRATION
Mail copy of registration form along with check payable to NSDA, current canine shot records
(a minimum of Rabies, Distemper/Parvo, Bordetello vaccinations or titer within last month)
and a signed NSDA Hold Harmless Form to: NSDA 2014 Seminar, 1123 Eagle Creek Road,
Wildwood, MO 63005. Your registration will be acknowledged by email within two weeks of receipt.
No registrations will be accepted after October 1, 2014, or after the classes are filled – whichever
occurs first. Check or money order only – no PayPal accepted for registrations. No refunds after
October 1, 2014. No partial registrations accepted.
NSDA Area, Trailing and HRD Seminar, Camp Atterbury, October 9 – 12, 2014
Scenario/Challenge HRD
Susie and Roy Ferguson ***
Land HRD
Lisa Higgins, LaSAR
Area
Sharon Jones, Virginia Search and Rescue Council
Kim Veldheer, K-9 ONE Search and Rescue
Trailing
Mark Holmes, Detective CID Port Arthur, TX K-9 Handler
Corbin Hodge, Instructor, United States Mantrailing Association
Disaster Area
Lillian Hardy, Indiana DHS, SAR Section Chief
Ann Wichmann, SARDA
Disaster HRD
Deana Hudgins, Ohio Search and Recovery Canines
*** The HRD scenarios are taken from real life searches and criminal investigations (for intermediate
and advanced canine teams only). The focus of the class is to give the handler an opportunity to run
real life problems. As a prerequisite, the K-9 must have a reliable, trained final response and sufficient
training to run blind problems (building, ground, elevated, etc.). This will not be a teaching class.
Check-in/Check-out
Check-in and registration will begin Wednesday at 4:00 PM at the Search and Rescue Academy.
Check-out will be 1:00 pm on Sunday.
Address
Camp Atterbury Joint Maneuver Training Center; 3008 Old Hospital Rd.; Edinburgh, IN 46124
Valid driver’s license, auto registration and proof of current auto insurance required to enter
Base. No one will be allowed on base if they did not register as an attendee or helper with
NSDA.
Auction
If you would like to bring an item for the auction, please feel free to do so.
Contact Information
For additional registration information, please contact Jan Meyer jmeyer@n-sda.org
RV Park
Driftwood Camp
Edinburgh, Indiana
(812) 526-6422
$20 per night









Facility



Type (Private)
No Tents
Pets Welcome
Sites






Spaces Available (60)
Max Length (60)
30 Amp
50 Amp
Max Amps (50)
Back-ins (27 x 60)
Electric Hookups (12)
Full Hookups (48)
Grass Sites (30)
Gravel Sites (30)
Pull-thrus (12)
Pull-thru Size (27 x 60)
Side-by-Side Hookups
Site Length (60)
Water Hookups (12)
Other Amenities



& Services
Restrooms
Showers
Table At Site
Motels in Edinburgh
Check individual motels for information regarding pets.
All motels are on I-65 Exit 76
Best Western
11780 N US Highway 31 Hwy
Edinburgh, IN 46124
812-526-9883
Hilton Garden Inn
12210 N Executive Drive
Edinburgh, IN 46124
812-526-8600
Comfort Inn
Holiday Inn Express & Suites
11711 N US 31
Edinburgh, IN 46124
812-526-9899
12225 N Executive Drive
Edinburgh, IN 46124
812-526-4919
Hampton Inn
12161 N US 31
Edinburgh, IN 4612
812-526-5100
Acceptance of Risk
NSDA 2014 Seminar, October 9-12
Held at Camp Atterbury, Edinburgh, Indiana
It is extremely important that you know and remember that your participation in search & rescue (SAR)
operations and SAR-related training involves risk to you and your dog. The eventualities of personal
property damage, bodily injury or death are real and so diverse that no one can specify everything that
can go wrong. Please do not participate in these activities if you believe that they are perfectly safe.
They are not!
I am aware and accept that during the course of the activities in which I am participating at Camp Atterbury under the
arrangement of NSDA or other individuals, organizations, corporations, or agencies coordinating activities with NSDA or their
representatives, whether volunteering, working or attending the NSDA Seminar, that certain dangers exist to me and/or my
dog, including the risks of injury or death.
In consideration of and for the right to participate in such activities, I do, hereby, assume all of the above-mentioned risks and
will hold and save harmless NSDA and its representatives, whether paid or volunteer, from any and all liability, claims and
demands of every kind and nature whatsoever which may arise in connection with my participation or the participation of my
dog in any of the above-mentioned activities.
Additionally, I hereby consent to the administration of any emergency medical treatment which may be required, as determined
by NSDA and its representatives, whether paid or volunteer, and will hold and save harmless, any person who procures or
renders such medical treatment from any and all liability, claims or demands of every kind and nature whosoever, which may
arise out of or be attributable to, the requesting of or performance of the above-mentioned medical treatment.
The terms of this acceptance shall hereby serve as a release and assumption of risk for me, my heirs, executor, and
administrator and for all members of my family, including any dependents or minors who accompany me or join me in
participating in the above-mentioned activities.
In executing this acceptance, I am not relying on any statements, promises, opinions or assurance, either expressed or implied,
by NSDA and/or its representatives, whether paid or volunteer, concerning the conditions or circumstances I may or will
encounter while participating in the above-mentioned activities.
Additionally, I hereby certify that all of the information that I have submitted is true. I am aware and accept that any false
statement made is reason for disciplinary action or termination of my right to participate in the above-mentioned activities.
Date:
Printed Name: ______________________________________________________________________________________
Signature: ________________________________________________________________________________________
In case of emergency contact: _________________________________________ Telephone: _____________________
NSDA Helper Form
2014 Camp Atterbury, Indiana
Please Print Legibly
Name:
Phone number:
Address:
City/State/Zip:
Email Address:
SAR Team Affiliation:
In case of emergency please contact:
Name/Phone number/Relation:
Please be sure to dress for the weather (rain gear, boots, gloves, long
pants, bug spray, etc.). We may ask you to sit in the woods for several
hours each day. Please wear muted or dark color clothing. Valid
driver’s license, auto registration and proof of current auto
insurance required to enter Base. You will not be allowed on base
if you did not register with NSDA.
Email a completed form to jmeyer@n-sda.org prior to September 15,
2014, or mail to NSDA 2014 Seminar, c/o Jan Meyer, 1123 Eagle Creek
Road, Wildwood, MO 63005.
NSDA will provide you with meals beginning with Thursday breakfast
through Sunday breakfast. We will also provide you with a bunk in
which to sleep beginning Wednesday night through 1:00 pm on Sunday.
You will need to bring your own sheets, blankets, pillow, soap, towel,
shampoo, etc. Registration will begin at 4:00 on Wednesday, October
8, 2014.
Thank you, in advance, for your help and support.

2014-04-15 Vol 8 No 4 - National Search Dog Alliance

Transcription

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