K-FLEX - King Industries, Inc.

®
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
Formulating High Performance VOC Compliant Coatings
K-FLEX®
Series
High Performance Polyester Diols
Environmental regulations continue to increase due to concerns for the health of people and our environment. The result is
coatings formulators moving to high solids, UV, powder, and waterborne systems. The US & Canada have an advantage over
the rest of the world, as the use of exempt solvents as non-VOC components is permitted. Most diols used to achieve VOC
compliance will hurt the performance properties of the paint. K-FLEX® Polyester Diols will help provide VOC
compliance, while boosting the performance of existing systems.
US & Canada Coatings Market
Regulating agencies with jurisdiction in the US &
Canada have identified and approved specific
EXEMPT SOLVENTS for use in the manufacturing of
coatings systems.
US & Canada Regulatory Agencies
CARB - California Air Resources Board
SCAQMD - South Coast Air Quality Management District
US EPA AIM - National AIM Rule, 40 CFR Part 59
OTC - Northeast Ozone Transport Commission
LADCO - Lake Michigan Air Director’s Consortium
MRPO - Midwest Regional Planning Organization
AIM - Canada National AIM
Annex A - European Union
Regional VOC Limits
Industrial
Maintenance Floor Coatings
Multi-Pack
Refinish
Primer &
Surfacer
Refinish
Clearcoat
Refinish
Single Stage
Refinish Color
Coating
CARB
(1/1/10)
<250 g/l
(<2.1 lbs/gal)
<100 g/l
(<0.84 lbs/gal)
NA
NA
NA
NA
SCAQMD
<100 g/l
(<0.84 lbs/gal)
<50 g/l
(<0.42 lbs/gal)
<250 g/l
(<2.1 lbs/gal)
<250 g/l
(<2.1 lbs/gal)
<340 g/l
(<2.8 lbs/gal)
<420 g/l
(<3.5 lbs/gal)
EPA AIM
<450 g/l
(<3.78 lbs/gal)
<400 g/l
(<3.36 lbs/gal)
<580 g/l
(<4.6 lbs/gal)
<600 g/l
(<5.0 lbs/gal)
BC/CC 2 stage
<600 g/l
(<5.0 lbs/gal)
<630g/l
(<5.2 lbs/gal)
BC/CC 3 stage
OTC
<250 g/l
(<2.1 lbs/gal)
<100 g/l
(<0.84 lbs/gal)
<575 g/l
(<4.8 lbs/gal)
<600 g/l
(<5.0 lbs/gal)
BC/CC 2 stage
<600 g/l
(<5.0 lbs/gal)
<625g/l
(<5.2 lbs/gal)
BC/CC 3 stage
Canada
<340 g/l
(<2.8 lbs/gal)
<250 g/l
(<2.1 lbs/gal)
<200 g/l
(<1.68 lbs/gal)
NA
NA
NA
European
Union
<350 g/l
(<2.94 lbs/gal)
<140 to <500 g/l
<540 g/l
(<4.54 lbs/gal)
<420 g/l
(<3.5 lbs/gal)
<420 g/l
(<3.5 lbs/gal)
<150 g/l BC
(<1.26 lbs/gal)
g/l = grams per liter
The information contained in the table above should be confirmed prior to formulation
K-FLEX® Polyester Diols are linear, saturated, and aliphatic with primary hydroxyl groups. They are supplied at 100% active
and recommended for use as modifying resins for isocyanate crosslinked coatings systems or melamine baking systems.
Their low molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution provide excellent solubility in exempt solvents,
excellent resin compatibilization, and efficient viscosity reduction. K-FLEX polyester diols are the ideal modifiers for achieving
zero VOC compliance and for formulating high performance ultra high solids coatings systems.
Compatibilization & Solubility Agent
Solubility of typical polyester resins in exempt solvents,
especially Oxsol 100 and t-butyl acetate, is very difficult.
K-FLEX polyester diols are soluble in Oxsol 100, acetone,
propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and t-butyl
acetate at 10% and 25% solids.
K-FLEX polyester diols are very effective at
compatibilizing other resins to achieve solubility in
these exempt solvents. This is demonstrated in the
adjacent image with two commercial resins (A&B) and
Oxsol 100.
K-FLEX compatibilization of other resins in Oxsol 100
Identical results when used in t-butyl acetate
K-FLEX resin modifiers provide efficient viscosity
reduction with low levels of solvent due to their
narrow molecular weight distribution.
Viscosity reduction of K-FLEX 188 with exempt
solvents including Oxsol 100, t-butyl acetate, and
acetone are demonstrated in the graph to the right.
A spray viscosity is possible with K-FLEX 188 at about
90% solids in acetone or about 80% solids in t-butyl
actetate. Ketones and esters are very efficient
solvents for viscosity reduction of the K-FLEX diols.
Viscosity cP (25° C)
Viscosity Reduction and VOC Considerations - K-FLEX 188
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0
5
Acetone
10
% Solvent
t-Butyl Acetate
20
40
Oxsol 100
Selection Guide: K-FLEX Viscosity & Tg, and Film Hardness
K-FLEX
Lowest
K-FLEX Viscosity / Tg & Film Hardness
XM-332
A308
XM-366
188
XM-337
Highest
Film Performance Results of a K-FLEX® Modified System
The formulation to the right demonstrates the film
properties of a zero VOC formulation using an acrylic
(Joncryl 906-AC) supplied in acetone and the use of only
exempt solvents including acetone, Oxsol 100 and t-butyl
acetate.
The control and modified systems were formulated to
have a 1.04:1 NCO:OH ratio, a 0.7:1 pigment:binder ratio,
and an initial viscosity of 250 cPs at room temperature.
Films were cast at 25 µ (1 mil) over bare cold rolled steel
and allowed to cure under ambient conditions for 1 month
before testing film properties.
For a detailed copy of the formulation, please request
formulation API-18 from your King representative, or
download it from our website’s tech literature page at:
www.kingindustries.com
GRIND
Description
Weight %
Joncryl 906-AC (BASF)
Acrylic Resin
15.6
Titanium Dioxide
Pigment
71.3
Oxsol 100
Solvent
12.7
K-SPERSE® 152
Dispersant
0.4
COMPONENT 1
Description
Grind
See Grind
35.9
Joncryl 906-AC
Acrylic Resin
35.8
K-FLEX®
Polyester Diol
Oxsol 100
Exempt Solvent
8.4
t-Butyl Acetate
Exempt Solvent
8.4
Byk 310 (BYK)
Wetting Agent
0.1
Tinuvin 123 (BASF)
HALS
0.4
Tinuvin 1130 (BASF)
UV Absorber
1.0
K-KAT® XK-635
Catalyst
0.1
COMPONENT 2
HDI Trimer
9.9
Acrylic
Control
K-FLEX Modification: 14% based on TRS
Control
XM-337
188
XM-366
A308
XM-332
Pendulum hardness, cycles
132
134
134
122
123
109
Pencil hardness
HB-F
F-H
F-H
F-H
F-H
F-H
Reverse impact, in-lbs
30-40
160+
160+
160+
160+
160+
100-110
160+
160+
160+
160+
160+
FILM PROPERTIES
Direct impact, in-lbs
100% crosshatch adhesion & 100 MEK 2X rubs (all films)
Contact Information
Global Head Quarters
Tech. Service, R&D, and Sales
King Industries, Inc.
1 Science Rd
Norwalk, CT 06852
Phone: 1-203-866-5551
Email: info@kingindustries.com
www.kingindustries.com
European Tech. Sales Office
King Industries, International
Noordkade 64
2741 EZ Waddinxveen
The Netherlands
Phone: 31 182 631360
Email: info@kingintl.nl
Asia-Pacific Tech. Sales Office
Synlico Tech Co., Ltd.
42 Ju Lin Ya Yuan
Rich Mond Hill (Juhaoyuan)
Zhongshan, China
Phone: 86 760 88229866
Email: alex.he.kingindustries.com
®
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
The conditions of your use and application of our products, technical assistance and information (whether verbal, written or by way of product evaluations), including any
suggested formulations and recommendations, are beyond our control. Therefore, it is imperative that you test our products, technical assistance and information to
determine to your own satisfaction whether they are suitable for your intended uses and applications. Such testing has not necessarily been done by King Industries, Inc.
("King"). The facts, recommendations and suggestions herein stated are believed to be reliable; however, no guaranty or warranty of their accuracy is made. EXCEPT AS
STATED, THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS OR OTHERWISE. KING SHALL NOT BE HELD LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
CONSEQUENTIAL OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES. Any statement inconsistent herewith is not authorized and shall not bind King. Nothing herein shall be construed as a
recommendation to use any product(s) in conflict with patents covering any material or its use. No license is implied or granted under the claims of any patent. Sales or use
of all products are pursuant to Standard Terms and Conditions stated in King sales documents.
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