Information Visualization

Transcription

Information Visualization:
Letting Data Tell the Story
UIE Virtual Seminars
February 24, 2011
Noah Iliinsky
Visualization leverages the amazing abilities of our eyes and brains
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Visualization allows us to see patterns in data
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe%27s_quartet
Visualization allows us to see patterns in data
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anscombe%27s_quartet
Visualization allows access to huge amounts of data
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVimVzgtD6w
Visualization gives faster access to actionable insights
http://www.rivbike.com/products/list/tires_tubes_pumps_patches?a=1&page=all
http://complexdiagrams.com/2009/03/12/tire-chart/
Visualization gives faster access to actionable insights
Width in mm
inches
More Svelte
26"
650b
700c
More Burly
Schwalbe Marathon Supreme
Schwalbe Marathon SmartGuard
Schwalbe Marathon XR
Schwalbe Marathon
Schwalbe Big Aple
Schwalbe 650b Fatty
Schwalbe 650b Middy
Fatty Rumpkin
Panaracer Pasela
Jack Brown Blue
Jack Brown Green
Nifty Swifty
Ruffy Tuffy
Panaracer Col de la Vie
Maxy Fasty
Roll-y Pol-y
28
32
1.25"
http://www.rivbike.com/products/list/tires_tubes_pumps_patches?a=1&page=all
Visualization supports exploration and discovery
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/11/06/business/economy/unemployment-lines.html
36
40
1.5"
44
48
1.75"
52
2"
56
http://complexdiagrams.com/2009/03/12/tire-chart/
Visualization supports exploration and discovery
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/11/06/business/economy/unemployment-lines.html
Visualization can be fun and engaging
http://awesome.good.is/transparency/web/1004/mean-happiness/flat.html
Distinction:
infographic vs data visualization
Infographics are manually drawn
http://awesome.good.is/transparency/web/1012/subsidize-this/flat.html
Data Visualizations are generated
http://www.tableausoftware.com/public/gallery/taleof100
Data Visualizations are generated
http://users.design.ucla.edu/~akoblin/work/faa/ss/5.jpg
Distinction:
Visualization for
analysis vs presentation
Visualization for analysis, when you don’t (yet) have a story to tell
http://www.juiceanalytics.com/nfl-visualization/
Visualization for presentation, when you do have a story to tell
https://www.msu.edu/~howardp/softdrinks.pdf
Visualization for presentation, when you do have a story to tell
http://www.good.is/post/more-us-soldiers-killed-themselves-than-died-in-combat-in-2010/
Distinction:
Visualization for
education vs persuasion
Visualization for education
http://www.flickr.com/photos/xmasons/4841339241/sizes/l/in/photostream/
Visualization for persuasion (or propaganda)
http://awesome.good.is/transparency/web/1011/drones/flat.html
http://www.house.gov/apps/list/press/tx08_brady/71509_hc_chart.html
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http://www.house.gov/jec/news/2010/obamacare_chart.pdf
Concept recap
Why Visualization?
• Visualization is powerful, useful, and fun.
• Visualization provides insight and guidance.
Concept recap
Why Visualization?
• Visualization is powerful, useful, and fun.
• Visualization provides insight and guidance.
Distinctions:
• infographics vs data- (or info-) visualization
• visualization for analysis vs presentation
• visualization for education vs persuasion
Up next: how to do it well.
How to do it
1. Know Thyself (and your goals).
How to do it
If you can’t concisely
articulate your goal,
you’re doing it wrong.
How to do it
Bad: show the sales figures
How to do it
Bad: show the sales figures
Good: allow comparison the sales figure for the last
eight quarters across products and regions
How to do it
2. Know Thy Customer (and their needs).
How to do it
Your success is
defined by your
customers’ success.
How to do it
If you can’t satisfy their
needs, you have failed.
How to do it
Do user research!
Understand their hopes,
dreams, and favorite flavors!
How to do it
3. Only include the data that is necessary.
How to do it
irrelevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
relevant
relevant irrelevant
relevant
irrelevant irrelevant irrelevant
target
irrelevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
relevant
irrelevant irrelevant relevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
relevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
irrelevant relevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
irrelevant
How to do it
relevant
relevant
relevant
target
relevant
relevant
relevant
relevant
How to do it
4. (now you can actually begin to design)
How to do it
4. Use a format that fits the data.
How to do it
Familiar and fun formats can be wrong.
How to do it: Use a format that fits the data
Wrong!
http://radar.oreilly.com/2011/02/2010-book-market-1.html
16
15.10
15.00
15.17
15.19
14.56
14
12.88
12.10
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
2004
2005
http://radar.oreilly.com/2011/02/2010-book-market-1.html
2006
2007
Right!
2008
2009
2010
Wrong!
http://thinkprogress.org/2009/11/23/fox-pie-chart/
100
90
80
70
Approval
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Huckabee
Romney
Candidate
http://thinkprogress.org/2009/11/23/fox-pie-chart/
Right!
Palin
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
4bis
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2
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3
Comedy
4
Drama
8
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5
Western & Co.
6
World / Adventure
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7
3
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9
8
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9
Thriller / Horror / Monster
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15 War
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16 Animation
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V for Vendetta (2005)
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There Will Be Blood (2007)
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L.A. Confidential (1997)
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i
Donnie Darko (2001)
i-F
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Sc
Goodfellas (1990)
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The Gold Rush (1925)
Letters from Iwo Jima (2006)
Le salaire de la peur (1953)
The Two Towers (2002)
The Matrix (1999)
The Big Sleep (1946)
16
Patton (1970)
957)
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Blade Runner (1982)
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Schindler's List (1993)
In Bruges (2008)
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)
Reservoir Dogs (1992)
Sen to Chihiro no kamikakushi (2001)
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Oldboy (2003)
Notorious (1946)
On the Waterfront (1954)
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Soup
(1933)
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Empire
Strikes
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(1980)
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
Glory (1989)
Pulp Fiction (1994)
Twelve Monkeys (1995)
2
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955)
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Met
Ladr
Ragi
City
Taxi
M (1
A Cl
La
2001
The
Citiz
Mystery / Crime
4
ica
us
M
6bis
Amadeus (1984)
d by
Stan
l
B
ta
n
Fa
sy
y
ed
m
Co
Ga
d/
orl
W
re
/C
tu
ry
r
te
ys
n
ve
Ad
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M
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rim
Wo hu cang long (2000)
5
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Shichinin no samurai (1954)
igo
8)
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933)
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6
975)
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Jaw
Star Trek (2009) Universally Acclaimed Masterpiece
3
La vita è bella (1997)
Planet of the Apes (1968)
Sci-Fi
Ko
King
The Godfather (1972)
Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927)
2
1
Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
Brief Encounter (1945)
Casablanca (1942)
Ratatouille (2007)
15
The Incredibles (2004)
Manhattan (1979)
1bis
Alien (1979)
The Princess Bride (1987)
Låt den rätte komma in (2008)
1
4
7
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(195
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wor
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Harvey (1950)
Life of Brian (1979)
Aliens (1986)
Masterpiece about show business
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994)
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Stin
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Little
My
The
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Annie Hall (1977)
Finding Nemo (2003)
921)
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Toy Story (1995)
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Groundhog Day (1993)
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Nosferatu, eine Symphonie
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Lost
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Fish
Rashômon (1950)
Magnolia (1999)
The Lion King (1994)
The
Gone
d'Am
Big
Rom
des Grauens (1922)
La dolce vita (1960)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
16
Romance
Fight
Club
(1999)
The
Curious
Case
of
Benjamin
Button
(2008)
14
Cool Hand Luke (1967)
Touch of Evil (1958)
No Country for Old Men (2007)
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Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
968)
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It Happened One Night (1934)
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The Terminator (1984)
His
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Memento (2000)
Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998)
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Unforgiven (1992)
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Romance
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Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
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Rock
Die
The
The
In th
The Dark Knight (2008)
Heat (1995)
Requiem for a Dream (2000)
Per qualche dollaro in più (1965)
12
Action
To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
Kill Bill: Vol. 1 (2003)
C'era una volta il West (1968)
Batman Begins (2005)
Crash (2004/I)
Comics
Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo. (1966)
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969)
9
D
Scarface (1983)
Psycho (1960)
Dra
E
Se7en (1995)
5
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Sin City (2005)
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Western & Co.
Gran Torino (2008)
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
The Shawshank Redemption (1994)
The Godfather (1972)
The Godfather: Part II (1974)
Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo. (1966)
Pulp Fiction (1994)
Schindler's List (1993)
The Dark Knight (2008)
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975)
12 Angry Men (1957)
Star Wars: Episode V - The Empire Strikes Back (1980)
Casablanca (1942)
Star Wars (1977)
Shichinin no samurai (1954)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
Goodfellas (1990)
Rear Window (1954)
Cidade de Deus (2002)
Up (2009)
Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981)
C'era una volta il West (1968)
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
Fight Club (1999)
The Usual Suspects (1994)
Psycho (1960)
The Silence of the Lambs (1991)
Sunset Blvd. (1950)
Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964)
The Matrix (1999)
Memento (2000)
North by Northwest (1959)
B6
C3
C3
E2
C3
C5
E5
E6
A4
C4
C8
C4
C2
C4
B3
D6
B3
C9
C3
E2
C4
D8
C3
D3
D3
D7
B5
B4
D8
B3
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
It's a Wonderful Life (1946)
Se7en (1995)
Citizen Kane (1941)
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002)
Léon (1994)
Apocalypse Now (1979)
American Beauty (1999)
Taxi Driver (1976)
American History X (1998)
Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
Vertigo (1958)
WALL·E (2008)
Forrest Gump (1994)
Paths of Glory (1957)
Le fabuleux destin d'Amélie Poulain (2001)
M (1931)
Double Indemnity (1944)
To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
Alien (1979)
A Clockwork Orange (1971)
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948)
The Shining (1980)
The Departed (2006)
The Third Man (1949)
Das Leben der Anderen (2006)
Saving Private Ryan (1998)
Chinatown (1974)
The Pianist (2002)
Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991)
Sen to Chihiro no kamikakushi (2001)
C6
D2
C6
B4
E3
B6
D8
C6
E6
C2
C2
C9
D6
B7
D4
C7
C4
E6
D5
C7
C3
D4
B3
C3
D4
B5
C3
C5
D5
C9
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004)
City Lights (1931)
Slumdog Millionaire (2008)
Aliens (1986)
Requiem for a Dream (2000)
L.A. Confidential (1997)
Das Boot (1981)
Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975)
The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957)
Reservoir Dogs (1992)
El laberinto del fauno (2006)
Rashômon (1950)
Raging Bull (1980)
The Maltese Falcon (1941)
All About Eve (1950)
Modern Times (1936)
Gran Torino (2008)
Singin' in the Rain (1952)
Some Like It Hot (1959)
Rebecca (1940)
Der Untergang (2004)
Metropolis (1927)
The Prestige (2006)
Amadeus (1984)
The Apartment (1960)
The Elephant Man (1980)
La vita è bella (1997)
2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)
Nuovo cinema Paradiso (1988)
The Great Dictator (1940)
D8
C5
B4
D5
E7
B3
C5
C8
B8
C3
B4
D2
C4
C6
D6
C8
E6
B2
A7
C1
C5
C4
C7
B2
D6
E6
C5
C4
D7
C5
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
Once Upon a Time in America (1984)
Full Metal Jacket (1987)
The Great Escape (1963)
Star Trek (2009)
Ladri di biciclette (1948)
The Sting (1973)
Back to the Future (1985)
Sin City (2005)
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939)
Touch of Evil (1958)
The Wrestler (2008)
On the Waterfront (1954)
Braveheart (1995)
Det sjunde inseglet (1957)
Hotel Rwanda (2004)
Batman Begins (2005)
Jaws (1975)
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)
No Country for Old Men (2007)
Strangers on a Train (1951)
Blade Runner (1982)
Star Wars: Episode VI - Return of the Jedi (1983)
The Green Mile (1999)
Unforgiven (1992)
The Manchurian Candidate (1962)
Gladiator (2000)
Notorious (1946)
High Noon (1952)
Per qualche dollaro in più (1965)
Oldboy (2003)
C3
B5
E4
C5
C6
D6
B5
E5
A4
D2
A6
C6
B7
B4
B4
E5
D2
C3
D3
B1
C4
C4
D6
D2
A4
B8
C2
D2
E2
C7
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
The Big Sleep (1946)
Cool Hand Luke (1967)
Die Hard (1988)
Fargo (1996)
The Wizard of Oz (1939)
There Will Be Blood (2007)
The General (1926)
Mononoke-hime (1997)
Witness for the Prosecution (1957)
The Hangover (2009)
Donnie Darko (2001)
Smultronstället (1957)
Yojimbo (1961)
It Happened One Night (1934)
Heat (1995)
Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949)
Annie Hall (1977)
Ran (1985)
The Deer Hunter (1978)
Ben-Hur (1959)
The Sixth Sense (1999)
Platoon (1986)
Into the Wild (2007)
Judgment at Nuremberg (1961)
Les diaboliques (1955)
Le notti di Cabiria (1957)
Le salaire de la peur (1953)
Million Dollar Baby (2004)
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969)
B3
D2
E5
D6
B2
B2
B7
C9
A2
D7
B4
A5
E2
D5
E3
B7
D8
B7
B6
B8
D4
E3
B6
B3
A4
A2
A5
B2
A6
D2
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
The Bourne Ultimatum (2007)
8½ (1963)
Life of Brian (1979)
The Grapes of Wrath (1940)
The Big Lebowski (1998)
Snatch. (2000)
The Gold Rush (1925)
The Graduate (1967)
The Night of the Hunter (1955)
Stand by Me (1986)
The Killing (1956)
Ratatouille (2007)
Finding Nemo (2003)
Amores perros (2000)
Dog Day Afternoon (1975)
Gandhi (1982)
Brief Encounter (1945)
Gone with the Wind (1939)
Trainspotting (1996)
The Lion King (1994)
Scarface (1983)
The Wild Bunch (1969)
The Thing (1982)
Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans (1927)
V for Vendetta (2005)
Groundhog Day (1993)
The Terminator (1984)
Sleuth (1972)
Harvey (1950)
Toy Story (1995)
The Princess Bride (1987)
The Kid (1921)
The Hustler (1961)
The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008)
Shadow of a Doubt (1943)
Umberto D. (1952)
The Best Years of Our Lives (1946)
The Incredibles (2004)
Twelve Monkeys (1995)
Children of Men (2006)
American History X (1998)
E4
D7
D5
A5
D7
D3
B7
D6
C7
B3
C3
C9
D9
B3
C6
B4
D4
D5
E8
D8
D3
E2
D5
C3
B4
D8
D5
A2
D4
D9
D4
D6
A4
D6
A1
A4
A3
C9
C4
B4
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels (1998)
Låt den rätte komma in (2008)
Stalag 17 (1953)
The Ox-Bow Incident (1943)
Hotaru no haka (1988)
Duck Soup (1933)
Casino (1995)
La battaglia di Algeri (1966)
The African Queen (1951)
The Lady Vanishes (1938)
Dial M for Murder (1954)
Letters from Iwo Jima (2006)
The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938)
In Bruges (2008)
Anatomy of a Murder (1959)
The Conversation (1974)
A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
King Kong (1933)
The Exorcist (1973)
The Lost Weekend (1945)
Wrong!
http://blog.vodkaster.com/2009/06/25/the-top-250-best-movies-of-all-time-map/
http://somethingaboutmaps.wordpress.com/river-maps/
Right!
D3
D2
B7
D2
B9
C8
B3
B6
B2
B1
C2
B5
C3
C8
A2
C7
A4
C3
D4
D4
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
Ed Wood (1994)
Le scaphandre et le papillon (2007)
La strada (1954)
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)
Rope (1948)
His Girl Friday (1940)
All Quiet on the Western Front (1930)
Rosemary's Baby (1968)
Changeling (2008)
Bonnie and Clyde (1967)
Safety Last! (1923)
Crash (2004/I)
Sweet Smell of Success (1957)
Frankenstein (1931)
The Philadelphia Story (1940)
Network (1976)
Patton (1970)
Manhattan (1979)
The Day the Earth Stood Still (1951)
C8
A5
C7
A3
B1
D7
C8
D4
B6
D3
B7
E6
C4
D5
D7
D6
E3
B8
C8
B4
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
Great Expectations (1946)
Magnolia (1999)
Big Fish (2003)
Wo hu cang long (2000)
Arsenic and Old Lace (1944)
Little Miss Sunshine (2006)
Laura (1944)
Mystic River (2003)
Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens (1922)
Glory (1989)
Roman Holiday (1953)
Good Will Hunting (1997)
In the Heat of the Night (1967)
Rocky (1976)
La dolce vita (1960)
Harold and Maude (1971)
Spartacus (1960)
My Man Godfrey (1936)
Planet of the Apes (1968)
Bringing Up Baby (1938)
A3
D7
D4
C2
B7
D7
B3
C6
D2
C8
D5
D7
E4
E4
D5
D6
B7
D6
C5
A7
Right!
http://www.futurechanges.org/2009/11/12/eisenhower-interstate-system-london-underground-style-map/
Not quite right...
http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html
Much better!
http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html
http://sanfrancisco.crimespotting.org/
Right!
http://web.me.com/mvasilev/mikevasilev.com/PTOC.html
Wrong!
Right!
http://popchartlab.com/index.php/poster_detail/the_evolution_of_video_game_controllers/
Painfully wrong!
http://www.digitalsurgeons.com/facebook-vs-twitter-infographic/
Painfully wrong!
Painfully wrong!
http://www.informationisbeautiful.net/visualizations/colours-in-cultures/
Wrong!
How to do it
How to do it
Advanced tips:
• use good axes
• be consistent in your encodings
• learn about perception and
cognitive psychology
There are no words.
http://www.wallstreetfollies.com/diagrams.htm
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Search Analytics

Information Visualization

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