Harlan ARH Hospital - Appalachian Regional Healthcare

Transcription

Community Health Needs Assessment
Harlan ARH Hospital
2016
Harlan ARH Hospital CHNA
This Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) Implementation Strategy was
prepared for Appalachian Regional Healthcare by the Community and Economic
Development Initiative of Kentucky (CEDIK) at the University of Kentucky.
CEDIK works with stakeholders to build engaged communities and vibrant economies.
If you have questions about the assessment process, contact CEDIK:
Dr. Alison Davis, CEDIK Executive Director
alison.davis@uky.edu
(859) 257-7260
Marisa Aull, CEDIK CHNA Coordinator
marisa.aull@uky.edu
(859) 218-4385
cedik.ca.uky.edu
1
Dear ARH Service Area Resident,
Thank you for your interest in the 2015-2016 ARH Community Health Needs
Assessment (CHNA). The data reflected in this report was collected from surveys
and focus groups conducted in your local ARH community. These results are being
reported along with an update about how we utilized the results from our previous
needs assessment from three years ago.
The unique design of this CHNA permits an examination of the diverse aspects of
each of our 11 ARH communities. The assessment results from each ARH facility
demonstrate the desire for individual and community health improvement. These
results provide valuable information that will be used for planning purposes, service
improvements and community outreach.
Special thanks to the CHNA Community Steering Committees in each of our 11
communities for giving of their valuable time and guiding this community health needs
assessment process. It is our hope that this assessment will help ARH, in partnership
with our communities, to identify respective health concerns, measure the impact of
current public health efforts and guide the appropriate use of local resources.
We also hope that together, we can improve the health and well-being of the residents
of Eastern Kentucky and Southern West Virginia.
Sincerely,
Joseph L. Grossman
ARH President and CEO
2
ARH - Our History
In 1956, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and thousands of citizens
in the coal communities dedicated the Miners Memorial Hospital Association’s
(MMHA) facilities. The system’s hospitals were located in Harlan, Hazard, McDowell,
Middlesboro, Whitesburg, Pikeville and South Williamson, Kentucky; Man and Beckley
West Virginia; and Wise, Virginia. By the early 1960s, MMHA announced its intention
to close some of the hospitals and soon after the Board of National Missions formed
a new and independent not-for-profit health system Appalachian Regional Hospitals
(ARH)--that purchased the Miners Memorial Hospitals. The health system changed its
name in 1986 to Appalachian Regional Healthcare to more accurately describe its farranging activities.
Today we operate hospitals in Barbourville, Harlan, Hazard, Hyden, McDowell,
Middlesboro, Morgan County, South Williamson and Whitesburg, Kentucky, and
Beckley and Summers County, West Virginia. ARH has always responded to the
changing demands of rural healthcare. Over the years, we have built and acquired
new facilities as well as invested in new technology and medical capabilities.
Mission
To improve health and promote well-being of all the people in Central Appalachia in
partnership with our communities.
Vision
To earn the confidence and trust of the diverse communities we serve by offering
healthcare excellence, delivered with compassion in a timely manner.
Values
Excellence, Compassion, Safety, Teamwork, Inclusion, Professionalism
3
CHNA Background
Appalachian Regional Healthcare contracted with the Community and Economic
Development Initiative of Kentucky (CEDIK) in the fall of 2015 to conduct a Community
Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) in accordance with the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted March 23, 2010, added new requirements
that hospital organizations must satisfy in order to be described in section 501(c)(3),
as well as new reporting and excise taxes.
The IRS requires hospital organizations to complete a CHNA and adopt an
implementation strategy at least once every three years. This CHNA was the second
prepared by CEDIK for this organization; the first was completed in 2013.
Here is an overview of the CHNA process that CEDIK uses based on the IRS
guidelines:
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www.arh.org/harlan
PRIORITY #4 PRIORITY #3 PRIORITY #2
PRIORITY #1
Offer more
educational
programs
& services
for disease
prevention
topics
Since the 2013 Community Health Needs
Assessment, we have taken these opportunities
to fulfill our promise to the community:
Public monthly “Lunch & Learn” series began in the winter of 2015. Includes physician or
licensed staff group presentation, local newspaper version, Facebook posting, etc.
Monthly articles on various health topics by physicians and licensed professional staff
published in the local newspaper.
Quarterly school-age based educational outreach programs on nutrition and physical
fitness, cancer prevention, infection control, etc.
Hospital management staff assigned weekly outreach program schedule May-October since
2013. Psychiatry implemented a quarterly Alzheimer’s/Dementia education program for
family, caregivers and the public in collaboration with UK’s Sanders-Brown Institute using
the V-tel system beginning in 2013.
Improve communication:
Physician to patient
Orientation of foreign-born physicians includes more emphasis on the
nature of Appalachian culture and local history. Recruit physicians
with experience or common background in the region. Once here,
special focus is given to physician’s impact on patient satisfaction with
hospital services. Physicians are provided with patient satisfaction
results specific to them.
Improve communication:
Billing, and reduced
billing errors
Initial FAQ-style info sheet for front line staff regarding issues from
the CHNA process. Multiple complications created due to changes
in patient accounts during state’s rapid implementation of Medicaid
MCO and then the addition of ACA issues soon after.
Need more specialists
Successful recruitment of full-time oncologist and urologist in 2015 to
replace part-time providers. Also added a general/vascular surgeon
following a retirement. Since 2013, additions to medical staff include
pulmonary/critical care specialist, family practice physician, two
emergency physicians, a hospitalist, and nurse practitioners for
psychiatry and emergency. Currently recruiting another orthopedic
surgeon and psychiatrist to meet demand.
“We believe we have made much progress over the past three years in addressing
those issues from our community assessment process for improving our delivery of
care to the patients that Harlan ARH serves.
During this period of time, we have recruited several healthcare providers along with
ancillary staff, procured equipment along with upgrades throughout the hospital. We
have received accreditation and recognition from several outside agencies including
the JCAHO, Safety Leapfrog group, Hospice and community agencies.
Furthermore, we will continue to address all needs of our community and continue to
provide the healthcare that is required and expected from our community.”
- Donnie Fields, Harlan ARH Community CEO
Table of Contents
1.
Portrait of Community Served by the Hospital
2.
The Assessment Process
3.
9
Secondary Data Exploration:
Community, Economic & Health Profiles
4.
Hospital Utilization Data
13
5.
16
The Community Steering Committee
6.
Community Feedback
17
7.
Survey Results
18
8.
20
Prioritization of Identified Health Needs
9.
Implementation Strategy
21
10.
Next Steps
25
11. Appendix
26
*Secondary Data Sources
*Survey Template
12.
Approval
35
6
Introduction
Appalachian Regional Healthcare (ARH) is a not-for-profit health system serving
350,000 residents across Eastern Kentucky and Southern West Virginia. Operating
eleven hospitals, multi-specialty physician practices, home health agencies,
HomeCare Stores and retail pharmacies, ARH is the largest provider of care and
single largest employer in southeastern Kentucky and the third largest private
employer in southern West Virginia.
The ARH system employs nearly 5,000 employees and has a network of more than
600 active and courtesy medical staff members representing various specialties.
Consistently recognized for its medical excellence, the ARH system is one of two
Kentucky health systems to be named to the 2012 IMS Top 100 Integrated Healthcare
Networks list of the most highly integrated healthcare networks in the nation, and
was selected as the 2010 Outstanding Rural Health Organization in the nation by the
National Rural Health Association (NRHA).
Harlan ARH Hospital
Harlan ARH Hospital is a state-licensed, 150-bed acute-care facility named one of
the nation’s 100 Top Hospitals by Thomson Reuters in 1998, 2007 and 2011. It also
earned the Joint Commission recognition of Top Performer on Key Quality Measures
in 2011.
Heart Luncheon
7
Harlan ARH Services
•
Anesthesiology
•
Neurology
•
Behavioral Health
•
Obstetrics and Gynecology
•
Cancer Care
•
Ophthalmology
•
Clinics
•
Oral Surgery
•
Ear, Nose and Throat
•
Orthopedic
•
Emergency
•
Pediatrics
•
Heart Care
•
Pharmacy
•
HomeCare Store
•
Rehabilitation Therapy
•
Home Health
•
Surgery
•
Imaging
•
Urology
•
Nephrology
•
Wound Care
8
A Portrait of the Community Served
by Harlan ARH
Harlan ARH Hospital is located in the
city of Harlan in Harlan County, in the
southeastern part of Kentucky. It is
one of the oldest of Kentucky’s 120
counties and is known for its rich coal
history, beautiful natural resources
and downtown historic district.
Black Mountain, KY
The Kentucky Coal Museum, Pine Mountain Settlement School, Godbey Appalachian Center,
Cloverfork Museum and Hensley Settlement are just a few of the significant cultural and historical
places to visit.
Black Mountain, Kentucky’s highest natural point at 4,145 feet, summits in Harlan County. The
county boasts outdoor adventures of many kinds such as zip-lining, horseback riding, hiking, offroading, canoeing, kayaking, hunting, fishing and camping.
Map created with Google Maps, 2016
The community is served by one newspaper, the Harlan Daily Enterprise.
9
Assessment Process
The assessment process included collecting secondary data related to the health
of the community. Social and economic data as well as health outcomes data were
collected from secondary sources to help provide context for the community (see
below). In addition, CEDIK compiled hospital utilization data to better understand
who was using the facility and for what services (next section). Finally, with the
assistance of the Community Steering Committee, input from the community was
collected through focus group discussions and surveys (see appendix for summary).
First we present the demographic, social, economic and health outcomes data that
were compiled through secondary sources. These data that follow were retrieved from
County Health Rankings, April 2013. For data sources see appendix.
Demographics
Indicator (2013)
Harlan
County
Kentucky
National
Level
Total Population
28,499
4,395,295
311,536,594
Percent of Population under 18 years
22.5%
23.1%
23.7%
Percent of Population 65 year and older
15.7%
14.4%
13.4%
Percent of Population Non-Hispanic White
95.3%
85.6%
74.0%
Percent of Population Non-Hispanic African American
2.2%
8.0%
12.6%
Percent of Population Hispanic
0.8%
3.3%
16.6%
Percent of Population other Race
0.7%
1.7%
5.9%
Percent of the Population not Proficient in English*
0.3%
1.0%
n/a
Percent of the Population that are Female
51.4%
50.8%
50.8%
Percent of the Population that are Rural**
54.2%
41.6%
n/a
*2007-2011 5 year estimate
**2010 Estimate
10
Social and Economic Factors
Indicator
Harlan
County
Kentucky
National
Benchmark*
Median Household Income
$25,460
$43,307
$52,250
87
86
81
Percent of Population with Some College Education
43.0%
58.1%
n/a
Unemployment Rate
17.6%
8.3%
7.4%
Percent of Children in Poverty
36.6%
25.5%
22.2%
Percent of Children Eligible for Free Lunch
50.6%
46.7%
48.1%
Percent of Children Living in a Single Parent Household
32.5%
34.3%
n/a
Percent of Adults without Adequate Social Support
Percent of the Population Spending More
Than 30% of Income on Housing Costs
30.7%
19.9%
n/a
20.6%
28.0%
n/a
91
235
404.5
Harlan
County
Kentucky
National
Benchmark*
Percent of Adults who Smoke Regularly
31.2%
25.6%
19.3%
Percent of Adults who are Obese (BMI>=30)
Percent of Adults who are
Physically Inactive During Leisure Time
Percent of Adults who Drink Excessively
(Heavy or Binge)
34.1%
32.1%
27.4%
38.3%
29.1%
25.4%
n/a
11.8%
n/a
Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths (per 100,000 population)
30
18
n/a
STDs: Chlamydia Rate (per 100,000 population)
154
394
456.1
Teen Birth Rate (per 1,000 females ages 15-19)
89
48
26.5
High School Graduation Rate
Violent Crime Rate (per 100,000 population)
Health Behaviors
Indicator
*National Benchmarks indicate the 90th percentile at the national level. “N/a” denotes where
national benchmarks where not made available by County Health Rankings.
11
Health Outcomes
Indicator
Harlan
County
Kentucky
National
Benchmark*
Premature Death (Years of Potential Life Lost
per 100,000 population)
13,649
8,900
n/a
Percent of Adults Reporting Poor or Fair Health
36.4%
21.1%
15.9%
Average Poor Physical Health Days in Past 30 Days
8.1
4.8
3.6
Average Poor Mental Health Days in Past 30 Days
Percent of Babies Born with Low Birthweight (<2500
grams)
5.7
4.3
3.5
11.2%
9.1%
8.0%
Percent of Adults with Diabetes
14.7%
11.8%
20.6%
41
145
447.8
Premature Age-Adjusted Mortality
686.5
446.1
n/a
Child Mortality (per 100,000 population)
75.1
61.3
n/a
Infant Mortality (per 100,000 population)
9.0
6.9
n/a
HIV Prevalence Rate (per 100,000 population)
Access to Care
Harlan
County
Kentucky
Percent Uninsured (< age 65 without health insurance)
18.0%
16.2%
Percent of Uninsured Adults
22.7%
20.2%
Percent of Uninsured Children
5.3%
6.0%
Ratio of Population to Primary Care Physicians
2595:1
1551:1
Ratio of Population to Dentists
3562:1
1683:1
Ratio of Population to Mental Health Providers
Percent of Adults Reporting that They
Could Not See a Doctor Due to Cost
Rate of Preventable Hospital Stays
(per 1,000 Medicare Enrollees)
4750:1
621:1
24.1%
16.9%
218
94
Percent of Diabetics that Receive HbA1c Screening
82.6%
85.2%
Percent of Women Receiving Mammography Screening
41.2%
60.1%
Indicator
12
Hospital Utilization Data
The Tables below provide an overview of Harlan ARH Hospital’s patients and in
particular where they come from, how they pay, and why they visited.
Table: Hospital Inpatient Discharges, 1/1/14-12/31/14
Discharges
Total
Charges
Average
Charges
Harlan, KY
935
$17,355,989.79
$18,562.56
Evarts, KY
657
$11,062,391.45
$16,837.73
Cumberland, KY
484
$8,904,927.94
$18,398.61
Baxter, KY
336
$5,899,658.80
$17,558.51
Loyall, KY
261
$4,428,193.06
$16,966.26
Cawood, KY
251
$4,751,775.02
$18,931.37
Wallins Creek, KY
244
$4,686,489.75
$19,206.93
Grays Knob, KY
124
$2,868,208.98
$23,130.72
Ages Brookside, KY
115
$2,108,304.10
$18,333.08
Lynch, KY
111
$2,184,903.03
$19,683.81
Bledsoe, KY
109
$1,730,544.53
$15,876.56
Closplint, KY
90
$1,524,744.66
$16,941.61
Middlesboro, KY
88
$3,345,776.81
$38,020.19
Cranks, KY
76
$1,299,542.36
$17,099.24
Dayhoit, KY
73
$1,278,787.40
$17,517.64
City of Origin
13
Table: Hospital Inpatient Payer Mix, 1/1/14-12/31/14
Discharges
Total
Charges
Average
Charges
Medicare (Excluding Medicare Managed Care)
1,967
$41,429,555.91
$21,062.31
WellCare of Kentucky Medicaid Managed Care
1,226
$21,213,640.56
$17,303.13
In State Medicaid
340
$4,965,389.10
$14,604.09
Medicare Managed Care
230
$5,393,392.02
$23,449.53
Blue Cross Blue Shield
200
$2,767,622.31
$13,838.11
Self Pay
122
$2,151,773.00
$17,637.48
Other Self Administered Plan
104
$1,354,197.36
$13,021.13
Humana Medicaid Managed Care
89
$1,764,128.55
$19,821.67
Commercial - PPO
88
$1,429,945.80
$16,249.38
Commercial - Other
76
$1,067,788.81
$14,049.85
BCBS Medicaid Managed Care
65
$1,272,682.95
$19,579.74
Coventry Cares of KY Medicaid Managed Care
56
$1,102,088.70
$19,680.16
Black Lung
54
$1,198,326.50
$22,191.23
Passport Medicaid Managed Care
45
$738,903.03
$16,420.07
Payer
Table: Hospital Outpatient Discharges, 1/1/14-12/31/14
Discharges
Total
Charges
Average
Charges
Harlan, KY
38,736
$89,397,968.64
$2,307.88
Letcher, KY
846
$1,653,292.25
$1,954.25
Bell, KY
626
$1,559,673.41
$2,491.49
Lee, VA
295
$793,451.63
$2,689.67
Leslie, KY
231
$573,048.06
$2,480.73
Perry, KY
91
$322,350.20
$3,542.31
Claiborne, TN
67
$143,317.03
$2,139.06
Knox, KY
45
$161,849.83
$3,596.66
Whitley, KY
45
$94,940.97
$2,109.80
Knox, TN
33
$68,131.75
$2,064.60
City of Origin
14
Table: Hospital Outpatient Payer Mix, 1/1/14-12/31/14
Payer
Total
Charges
Average
Charges
WellCare of Kentucky Medicaid Managed Care
14,973
$32,413,234.81
$2,164.78
Medicare (Excluding Medicare Managed Care)
13,111
$32,571,838.21
$2,484.31
Blue Cross Blue Shield
3,015
$6,416,133.17
$2,128.07
Commercial - Other
2,862
$6,864,597.77
$2,398.53
Commercial - PPO
1,463
$2,894,874.89
$1,978.73
Self Pay
1,115
$1,994,789.97
$1,789.05
In State Medicaid
1,091
$2,617,527.80
$2,399.20
Humana Medicaid Managed Care
1,034
$2,691,805.78
$2,603.29
BCBS Medicaid Managed Care
776
$1,949,157.50
$2,511.80
Coventry Cares of KY Medicaid Managed Care
416
$982,890.21
$2,362.72
Workers Compensation
389
$898,301.80
$2,309.26
Auto Insurance
346
$1,478,953.82
$4,274.43
Table: Hospital Inpatient Diagnosis Related Group, 1/1/14-12/31/14
DRG Description
(Top 10 for inpatient visits)
Discharges
Total
Charges
Average
Charges
1,258
$24,217,540.57
$19,250.83
Medicine - General
940
$15,422,128.17
$16,406.52
Psychiatry
603
$17,825,838.94
$29,561.92
Medicine - Cardiovascular Disease
520
$8,659,961.28
$16,653.77
Obstetrics Del
243
$2,747,253.09
$11,305.57
Medicine - Nephrology/Urology
242
$3,466,565.56
$14,324.65
Surgery - General
237
$7,623,535.10
$32,166.81
Normal Newborns
198
$614,518.03
$3,103.63
Medicine - Neuro Sciences
117
$2,281,375.52
$19,498.94
Medicine - Orthopedics
61
$938,885.80
$15,391.57
Medicine - Pulmonary
15
The Community Steering Committee
The Community Steering Committee is a vital part to the CHNA process.
These individuals represent organizations and agencies from the service area and in
particular, the individuals who were willing to volunteer enabled the hospital to get input
from populations that were often not engaged in conversations about their health needs.
CEDIK provided a list of potential agencies and organizations that would facilitate broad
input.
The Community Steering Committee met twice as a group and each time a hospital
representative welcomed and thanked the individuals for assisting in the process and
then excused themselves if focus group discussion was being conducted. CEDIK
asked that hospital representatives not be present during any focus group discussions
or debriefing with the Community Steering Committee.
Harlan ARH Hospital Community Steering Committee
Name
Organization
Georgianna Milwee
Harlan County Committee on Aging
Jo Ellen Hale
Southeast KY Center for Independent Living
Jessica Bailey
Single Mother & College Student
Cecilia Adams
Community Educator, County School District
Bobbie Crider
Harlan County Health Department
Britt Lewis
Cloverfork Clinic/Dental Program
Kathy Guyn
Preston McLain
Larry Toner
Southeast KCTCS program chair/LAC chair
Evarts Tourism Commission
Retired Teacher/Bledsoe FD captain
Chris Sullivan
Harlan EMS
Debby Howard
Harlan FRYSC
Cathy York
Carolyn Sundy
Cawood Elementary, FRYSC
Southeast KCTCS VP
16
Community Feedback
Four focus groups were conducted throughout the communities that Harlan ARH
serves. These groups were conducted as separate meetings or in conjunction with
other meetings. The senior and under-served population were targeted as participants
to ensure everyone had an opportunity to voice their opinions. Below is a list of ideas
discussed within the groups.
Healthcare Suggestions for Harlan ARH Hospital
• Increased access to:
Dermatologist
Pulmonologist/Asthma/Allergy
Radiation Treatments
Rheumatology
Gerontology
• After-hours Availability on evenings and weekends with advertising
Clinic and Urgent Care
Pharmacy
Pediatrician
Laboratory and Outpatient Services
• Weight Loss Clinic
•
Wellness Clinic
•
Retainment of physicians who strengthen Kentucky culture
Outreach suggestions for Harlan ARH Hospital
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Educational Programs
Chronic Diseases
Healthy lifestyles
STD and Pregnancy prevention
Physical activity
Lunch and Learn programs in tri-cities and outside Harlan
Preventive screenings and educational programs in more schools across the
community
Community Navigator, for infant to elderly, to coordinate resources offered by the
community
Patient Navigator to coordinate follow-up including questions on care and
medication
Divided waiting rooms
Transportation
Increased advertising and communication about programs and services already
offered
17
Harlan ARH Hospital
Winter 2015 Survey Results
740
Respondents
surveyed by
hospital for
their CHNA.
Households that
used the services of
a hospital in the past
24 months.
Households that
delayed health care
due to lack of money
and/or insurance.
Households with someone receiving
treatment for:
Households that are
currently without
health insurance.
Household eligibility:
Medicare
37%
Medicaid
22%
Public Housing Assistance
SNAP (Food Stamp Program)
3.06
6%
26%
Average respondent rating of the
overall health of their community.
Scale: 1=poor to 5=excellent
How can Harlan ARH better meet the
community’s health needs?
Improve doctor access, healthier community
educational programs, partner with governments
and schools, urgent care and after hours access
What other healthcare services should be
provided in your community?
Increased hours, rehab, transportation, better
communication and promotion, more specialists,
drug rehab, cancer treatment, fitness, nutrition,
screenings, outpatient clinic for seniors, wellness
Respondents
that have a
family doctor.
Respondents
that regularly
visit a physician
for a check-up.
18
Of the 611 respondents who used hospital services in the last 24 months, services
included:
49% of households who
used a hospital in the last
24 months used a hospital’s
emergency services.
Of the 53 respondents who used a hospital other than Harlan ARH, reasons included:
Other responses included:
Distance or location, VA, low
quality care, obstetrics, doctor
preference, poor ER service.
Respondents who required specialty services in the last 24 months, and where they
received them:
19
Prioritization of Identified Health Needs
To facilitate prioritization of identified health needs, a ranking process was used.
Health needs were ranked based on five factors:
1) The ability of Appalachian Regional Healthcare to evaluate and measure
outcomes.
2) The number of people affected by the issue or size of the issue.
3) The consequences of not addressing this problem.
4) Prevalence of common themes.
5) The existence of hospital programs which respond to the identified need.
Health needs were then prioritized taking into account their overall ranking, the degree
to which Appalachian Regional Healthcare can influence long-term change, and the
impact of the identified health needs on overall health.
Appalachian Regional Healthcare convened as a system and within each individual
facility to develop the implementation strategy after priorities were discussed.
Appalachian Regional Healthcare will continue to work with the community to execute
the implementation plan and realize the goals that have been positioned to build a
healthier community – a healthier Kentucky and West Virginia.
20
Implementation Strategy
Educational Programs
Goal: Increase participation in educational programs for schools and communities.
1. Provide educational programs in the areas of chronic disease, healthy lifestyles,
pregnancy prevention, sexually transmitted diseases, physical activity and
preventive screenings access.
• Continue collaboration with Harlan ARH Local Advisory Council and
community partners by increasing educational programs for schools and
communities.
• Collect information resources and design appropriate presentations on
relevant and requested topics.
• Deliver information options through new media platforms.
2. Expand Lunch & Learn series into more communities in the service area.
3. Plan a comprehensive calendar of events shared by community partners.
4. Encourage more participation by management staff and employees in community
activities and groups.
Community Partners: Southeast KCTCS, Harlan County Extension Service, Harlan
County Health Department, FRYSC agencies of the county and city school system,
Local media, Harlan County Public Libraries, Harlan County Committee on Aging,
Harlan County Community Action Agency, Tri-City Chamber of Commerce, Harlan
County Chamber of Commerce, Harlan Rotary Club, et.al
21
Implementation Strategy, continued
Patient and Community Navigator
Goal: Provide increased support for patients utilizing hospital’s current staff.
•
Establish ongoing management expectations for staff to address the transitional
needs of patients.
•
Education of clinical staff.
•
Implementation of programs and services provided by partners in care-related
service follow-ups.
•
Review need for patient navigators as more medical specialties are recruited and
established.
Community Partners: Harlan Senior Citizens Center, Community Action Agency,
Housing Authority, Health Department, and FRYSC agencies
Access to medical specialties by recruiting physicians
who want to stay in our community
Goal: Recruit and retain full or part-time medical specialists that can be supported by
the community.
•
Provide increased recognition to physicians for their commitment to the community.
•
Utilize the ARH recruitment specialist who focuses on retention.
•
Contact Chamber of Commerce to request adding longevity award to their annual
lists, perhaps for a physician’s milestone years.
Community Partners: Local government, tourism agencies, and Chamber of Commerce
22
Healthy Lifestyle Initiatives
Goal: Provide support and programming for any community facility or service that can
be established and made viable focusing on community wellness/fitness.
•
Work with county government and others to promote healthy activities, walking
programs, smoking bans in public areas, etc.
•
Continue to support healthy lifestyle initiatives developed and promoted by
community partners.
•
Increase communication and advertising about healthy lifestyle choices.
•
Improve and educate the community about resources and services offered through
Harlan ARH.
Community Partners: Southeast KCTCS, Harlan Community Television, local
newspapers and radio stations
Communication
Goal: Increase communication to ensure community is aware of hospital services,
success stories, and trending health issues.
•
Expand use of social media.
•
Secure more affordable options with existing local media.
•
Provide information to community about new services/physicians.
Community Partners: Southeast KCTCS, Harlan Community Television, local
newspapers and radio stations
23
Explanation of priorities that will not be addressed at this time
•
After-Hours clinic, Saturday clinic, extended pharmacy hours for outpatient tests and
services - The hospital emergency department provides urgent treatment service as
part of their operation and hospital outpatient services. Imaging and lab are currently
available 24/7. Primary care providers in our clinic already provide extended hours and
another provider in town offers a Saturday clinic. The ARH pharmacy has extended
hours every evening and on Saturdays.
•
Divided waiting rooms - Numerous hospital and clinical areas are provided their
own waiting area and the physician office has divided waiting area for well and sick
patients. Facility and staffing issues limit options for further division of waiting areas.
24
Next Steps
This Implementation Strategy will be rolled out over the next three years, from Fiscal
Year 2016 through the end of Fiscal Year 2018.
Appalachian Regional Healthcare will kick off the Implementation Strategy by initiating
collaborative efforts with community leaders to address each health priority identified
through the assessment process.
Periodic evaluation of goals/objectives for each identified priority will be conducted to
assure that we are on track to complete our plan as described.
At the end of Fiscal Year 2018, Appalachian Regional Healthcare will review the
Implementation Strategy and report on the success experienced through the
collaborative efforts of improving the health of the community.
25
Appendix
Sources for all secondary data used in this report:
Demographics*
Indicator (2013)
Original Source
Year
Total Population
Census Population Estimates
2013
Percent of Population under 18 years
2013
Percent of Population 65 year and older
2013
Percent of Population Non-Hispanic White
2013
Percent of Population Non-Hispanic African
American
2013
Percent of Population Hispanic
2013
Percent of Population other Race
2013
Percent of the Population not
Proficient in English
American Community Survey
5-year Estimates
20092013
Percent of the Population that are Female
2013
Percent of the Population that are Rural
2010
U.S. Census QuickFacts
2011
All "National Level" Demographics*
Social and Economic Factors
Indicator
Median Household Income
High School Graduation Rate
Percent of Population with Some College Education
Unemployment Rate
Percent of Children in Poverty
Original Source
Small Area Income and
Poverty Estimates
State sources and the National
Center for Education Statistics
5-year Estimates
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Small Area Income and
Poverty Estimates
Year
2013
2011-2012 KY
& WV
2009-2013
2013
2013
26
Social and Economic Factors, continued
Indicator
Original Source
Year
National Center for
Education Statistics
2012
Percent of Children Living
in a Single Parent Household
American Community
Survey 5-yr est.
20092013
Percent of Adults without
Adequate Social Support
Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System
20052010
5-year Estimates
20072011
Uniform Crime Reporting,
Federal Bureau of Investigation
20102012
Indicator
Original Source
Year
Percent of Adults who
Smoke Regularly
Percent of Adults who are Obese
(BMI>=30)
Percent of Adults who are Physically
Inactive
Surveillance System
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and
Health Promotion, Division of Diabetes Translation
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and
Health Promotion, Division of Diabetes Translation
20062012
Percent of Adults who Drink
Excessively (Heavy or Binge)
Surveillance System
20062012
Motor Vehicle Crash Deaths
(per 100,000 population)
STDs: Chlamydia rate
National Center for
Health Statistics
20062012
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis,
STD, and TB Prevention
2012
Teen Birth Rate (per 1,000
females ages 15-19)
National Center for
Health Statistics
20062012
Percent of Children
Eligible for Free Lunch
Percent of the Population Spending More Than
30% of Income on Housing Costs
Violent Crime Rate (per 100,000 population)
Health Behaviors
2011
2011
27
Health Outcomes
Indicator
Original Source
Year
Premature Death (Years of Potential Life
Lost per 100,000 population)
Percent of Adults Reporting Poor or Fair
Health
National Center for
Health Statistics
Surveillance System
20102012
20062012
Average Poor Physical Health Days in
Past 30 Days
Average Poor Mental Health Days in
Past 30 Days
Surveillance System
Surveillance System
20062012
20062012
20062012
Percent of Adults with Diabetes
HIV Prevalence Rate (per 100,000
population)
National Center for
Health Statistics
National Center for Chronic Disease
Prevention and Health Promotion,
Division of Diabetes Translation
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis,
STD, and TB Prevention
Premature Age-adjusted Mortality
CDC WONDER mortality data
Percent of Babies Born with Low
Birthweight (<2500 grams)
Child Mortality
Infant Mortality
2011
2010
20102012
20092012
20042010
28
Access to Care
Indicator
Percent Uninsured
(< age 65 without health insurance)
Original Source
Year
Small Area Health
Insurance Estimates
Small Area Health
Insurance Estimates
Small Area Health
Insurance Estimates
2012
Ratio of Population to Primary Care Physicians
HRSA Area Resource File
2012
Ratio of Population to Dentists
2013
Ratio of Population to Mental Health Providers
Percent of Adults Reporting that
They Could Not See a Doctor Due to Cost
Rate of Preventable Hospital Stays
(per 1,000 Medicare Enrollees)
Percent of Diabetics that Receive
HbA1c Screening
Percent of Women Receiving
Mammography Screening
Surveillance System
Dartmouth Atlas of
Health Care
Dartmouth Atlas of
Health Care
Dartmouth Atlas of
Health Care
2014
20062012
Percent of Uninsured Adults
Percent of Uninsured Children
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
29
30
31
32
33
34
Approval
35
Kentucky County Economic Profiles
Harlan County - Overview
Demographics
Fall 2013 Update
Harlan County
Kentucky
United States
28,543
4,380,415
313,914,040
Percent Change in Total Population, 2000-2010 (Census)
-2.5%
0.9%
1.7%
Percent of the Population that is Non-white, 2010 (Census)
3.8%
11.4%
22.1%
Percent of the Population that is Older than 64 years, 2010 (Census)
15.4%
14.0%
13.7%
Percent of the Total Population in Poverty, 2011 Estimate (SAIPE)
31.5%
19.1%
15.9%
Percent of the Total Population under 18 in Poverty, 2011 Estimate (SAIPE)
41.6%
27.2%
22.5%
Total Population, 2012 Estimate (Census)
Estimate Reliability Estimate Reliability Estimate Reliability
Reliability
 Very reliable
(>95% C.I.)
Somewhat
reliable
(90-95% C.I.)
Not very
reliable
(<90% C.I.)
Percent of the Population 25 & Older that has a High
School Diploma, GED, or more, 2007-2011 Estimate (ACS)
69.1%

81.7%

85.4%

Percent of the Population 25 & Older that has a Bachelor’s
Degree or more, 2007-2011 Estimate (ACS)
11.0%

20.6%

28.2%

Percent of Workers who Travel 30 minutes or more one
way, to work, 2007-2011 Estimate (ACS)
0.3%

0.3%

—
—
Unemployment Rate, 2012 Annual Average (BLS)
13.2%
8.2%
8.1%
Median Household Income, 2012 Estimate (SAIPE)
$28,721
$41,086
$51,017
Annual Average Unemployment Rate, 2002-2012
Harlan
County
Cumberland
Valley ADD*
Kentucky
2002 Total Jobs
8,391
70,954
1,716,446
2012 Total Jobs
7,998
69,664
1,761,238
2022 Projected Jobs
8,271
77,262
1,975,115
2002-2012 Percent
Change in Total Jobs
-5.0%
-2.0%
3.0%
2012-2022 Projected
Percent Change in Total
Jobs
3.0%
11.0%
12.0%
Jobs Overview
*ADD = Area Development District
Source: EMSI 2013
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2013
Average Annual Unemployment Rate, 2012
In 2012, unemployment in Harlan County was 13.2%.
5.8% ‐ 8.0% 8.0% ‐ 10.0% 10.0% ‐ 12.0% 12.0% ‐ 16.5% Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2013
Top 10 Industries by Employment (2012)
Industry Name
(by 3-digit NAICS codes)
Harlan County - Jobs by Industry
This page divides the county’s jobs into different industries, as defined
by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
County
Jobs
Mining (except Oil & Gas)
1,518
Local Government
1,276
Food Services & Drinking Places
470
State Government
468
Ambulatory Health Care Services
430
Hospitals (Private)
365
Food & Beverage Stores
304
Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services
288
General Merchandise Stores
285
Social Assistance
283
Total Top 10 industries
Page 2
County Jobs by Kentucky’s Top 5 Industries (2012)
5,687
Source: EMSI 2013
Source: EMSI 2013
Cumberland Valley
ADD*
Harlan County
Industry Sector
(by 2-digit NAICS codes)
Kentucky
Percent Share
of Total Jobs
2012 Jobs
2012 LQ†
2012 Jobs
2012 LQ†
2012 Jobs
2012 LQ†
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing & Hunting
0.2%
12
0.2
71
0.1
7,508
0.5
Mining, Quarrying, & Oil & Gas Extraction
20.0%
1,596
33.0
3,003
7.1
20,309
1.9
Utilities
0.4%
33
1.0
395
1.4
6,559
0.9
Construction
2.2%
177
0.5
1,674
0.6
67,281
0.9
Manufacturing
1.0%
76
0.1
7,014
1.1
223,770
1.4
Wholesale Trade
2.6%
207
0.6
1,727
0.6
72,794
1.0
Retail Trade
12.5%
1,003
1.1
9,447
1.2
202,862
1.0
Transportation & Warehousing
2.3%
187
0.7
2,396
1.1
82.331
1.5
Information
0.7%
54
0.3
1,182
0.8
26,526
0.7
Finance & Insurance
2.4%
194
0.6
1,694
0.6
68,331
0.9
Real Estate & Rental & Leasing
0.6%
46
0.4
484
0.5
17,868
0.7
Professional, Scientific, & Technical Services
3.6%
288
0.6
2,673
0.6
67,533
0.6
n/a
<10
n/a
182
0.2
20,055
0.8
Administrative & Waste Management Services
2.8%
222
0.5
3,818
0.9
104,557
1.0
Educational Services
0.7%
52
0.3
957
0.7
17,463
0.5
Health Care & Social Assistance
16.9%
1,352
1.3
11,516
1.3
226,618
1.0
Arts, Entertainment, & Recreation
0.3%
27
n/a
392
0.4
19,540
0.7
Accommodation & Food Services
6.3%
507
0.7
5,794
0.9
155,420
1.0
Other Services (except Public Administration)
1.7%
132
0.5
1,372
0.6
48,628
0.8
22.9%
1,832
1.4
13,875
1.3
305,286
1.1
Management of Companies & Enterprises
Public Administration
*ADD = Area Development District
†
LQ= National Location Quotient (see Insights for description)
The data for this Profile were prepared by the Community & Economic Development
Initiative of Kentucky (CEDIK) at the University of Kentucky. For questions on the data
contained in this profile, contact James E. Allen IV, Research Director,
at 859.218.4386 or james.allen4@uky.edu.
Special thanks to Simona Balazs and Georgette Owusu-Amankwah,
CEDIK Research Assistants, for their work on this profile.
Source: EMSI 2013
http://cedik.ca.uky.edu/
Insights for Data Interpretation
December 2013
Prepared by: Simona Balazs, CEDIK Research Assistant
CEDIK’s Economic Profile is comprised of two parts. The first
page contains an overview of demographics and employment in
the county, while the second page offers a closer look at jobs by
industry. In an effort to provide as much data as possible on two
pages, precise definitions of some measures were not included.
Thus, questions may arise including: What does this number
represent exactly? How can I interpret this? This short overview
provides additional clarification to the meaning of the selected
measures in the profile.
Demographics and Employment
Page one of the profile starts with data on selected demographic
variables, such as “percent change in total population”, “percent of
the total population in poverty”, “unemployment rate”, and
“median household income”. Numbers in the first table are
provided for the county, Kentucky and the United States, allowing
for comparison between the regions. In the second-part of the
first table, estimates are provided along with a measure of
“reliability”. The “reliability” refers to the Margin of Error (MOE)
for the estimates. The MOE relates to uncertainty associated with
an estimate based on the fact that there might be differences
between the population included in the survey (sample
population) versus the entire population. Thus, a small MOE
suggests that the estimates are more likely to reflect what is
actually happening in the county (i.e., higher reliability), while a
large MOE suggests that the estimate is potentially not reflecting
reality. To indicate the reliability of the estimate we used three
confidence intervals (C.I.): >95%, between 90-95% and <90%. In
our table, the three C.I. are coded as  for C.I. >95%,  for C.I.
between 90-95% and  for C.I. <90%. If an estimate in the table
has a  for example, then the MOE is small and the estimate is
very reliable. If the symbol is , then the MOE is higher and the
estimate might not be very representative of the full population.
Data on this table come from different sources, mainly the U.S.
Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The
American Community Survey (ACS) is a survey administered by
the Census Bureau that collects data on age, sex, education,
income, etc. The Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates
(SAIPE) is a program developed by the Census Bureau that
provides “more current estimates of selected income and poverty
statistics than those from the most recent decennial
census” (Census/SAIPE description).
On the middle section of the page, there is a table that provides
an overview of jobs (total jobs, percent change in jobs, projected
number of jobs) for the county, the Area Development District
(ADD) and the state. An ADD consists of a network of planning
and development organizations from neighboring counties that
work towards the development of that area. There are 15 ADDs
in Kentucky and each county is part of one. This section also
contains a graph with unemployment rates over time (2002-2012)
by county, Kentucky and the United States. In general, if the
county’s unemployment rate is below that of Kentucky and the
United States, the county is performing well economically. Note
that Kentucky, the United States, and most counties saw a spike in
unemployment between 2008 and 2009 as a result of the
economic recession. Sources of data for this part are from
Economic Modeling Specialist Inc. (EMSI) and the BLS.
On the bottom of the first page is a Kentucky map of the average
annual unemployment rate for 2012 by county. As the
unemployment rate increases, the color of a county becomes a
darker shade of blue. A legend for the range of unemployment
represented by each color and the county’s actual unemployment
rate is also provided in the figure. The data source for the
unemployment rate is the BLS.
Jobs by Industry
Data on the second page provide more detailed information on
number of jobs by industry, as categorized by the Northern
American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NAICS is a
standard used to classify the business establishments into various
industries. Each firm is assigned a 6-digit number, and each digit
after the first describes the firm in an increasing level of detail. For
example, the code “11” describes jobs in jobs in “Agriculture,
Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting”, the code “112” (an extra digit)
describes jobs within agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting that
fall under “Animal Production”, and the code “1123” (again, one
more digit) describes jobs within animal production that belong to
“Poultry and Egg Production.” All of the tables on this page use
NAICS to categorize employment by industry in the county. The
source of data for this entire page is EMSI.
To start, the top-left table lists the number of county level jobs for
the top 10 industries in that county, by 3-digit NAICS codes. To
create this table, employment was examined for all 3-digit NAICS
Kentucky County Economic Profiles online: www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/economic
Kentucky County Economic Profile Insights, continued
industries in the county, and then sorted highest to lowest. These
top 10 industries represent the major sources of employment in
the county. One can easily compare total employment from these
top 10 industries with Total Jobs from the previous page to learn
what share of county employment comes from these top 10
industries. For many counties, over 50% of total county jobs
come from these top 10 industries.
A second method of looking at jobs in the county is illustrated in
the pie chart in the upper-right corner. For this chart, we look at
county employment in Kentucky’s five largest 2-digit NAICS
industries, which are Public Administration, Healthcare,
Manufacturing, Retail Trade and Accommodation and Food
Services. For space, all the other 2-digit NAICS industries were
aggregated as one. The data in the chart represent county
employment for Kentucky’s 5 largest industries. Because these
are Kentucky’s top 5 industries (and not necessarily the county’s),
employment numbers for the county can be very low, or in some
cases, one of these 5 major industries might not be present in a
county at all.
References:
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) for Unemployment Rate,
retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/home.htm
Census for Population Estimates, retrieved from
http://www.census.gov/popest/data/index.html
Census/ American Community Survey (ACS) for Education
estimates, retrieved from https://www.census.gov/acs/www/
about_the_survey/american_community_survey/
Census/Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE) for
Population in Poverty estimates, retrieved from http://
www.census.gov/did/www/saipe/
Economic Modeling Specialists Inc. (EMSI) for Employment Data,
retrieved from http://www.economicmodeling.com/
The large table on the remainder of the page is an overview of all
industry groups by 2-digit NAICS codes for the county, ADD and
Kentucky. This table contains data for the percent share of a
particular industry in that county, the total number of jobs for an
industry, and the national Location Quotient (LQ) value. The LQ
is an indicator of how concentrated a particular estimate (in this
case, employment by industry), is in the region (county, ADD or
state) as compared with the nation. If the LQ is higher than 1.0,
then employment in that industry is a larger share of total
employment in the region than the national average. In other
words, regional employment is more concentrated in that the
industry than at the national average. is the larger the LQ,, the
higher the concentration. For example, Kentucky’s LQ of 1.9 in
the Mining industry suggests that more people are employed by
the mining industry in Kentucky than across the country.
Conversely, if the LQ is less than 1.0, then employment in this
industry is less concentrated than it is nationally. For example,
Kentucky’s LQ of 0.5 in the Agriculture industry suggests that
fewer people are employed by the agriculture industry than
elsewhere in the United States. Data is provided for the county,
the ADD, and Kentucky in order to allow for comparison of jobs
and LQs.
If you have further questions regarding the data in this profile, please
contact CEDIK Research Director James Allen at (859) 218-4386.
Kentucky County Economic Profiles online:
www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/economic
www.cedik.ca.uky.edu
Kentucky County Education Profiles
Harlan County - Education Overview
In Harlan County, in 2013, the percent of kids ready for kindergarten was 44.9%,
the average high school GPA was 2.9, and the junior year ACT score was 18.2.
Harlan County
Education Demographics
Cumberland Valley ADD*
Kentucky
Estimate
Percent
Estimate
Percent
Estimate
Percent
Population Enrolled in School, 3 years and older
6,420
100.0%
54,497
100.0%
1,094,621
100.0%
Nursery School and Preschool
424
6.6%
2,992
5.5%
65,893
6.0%
Kindergarten
491
7.6%
3,749
6.9%
59,096
5.4%
Grades 1-8
2,948
45.9%
24,363
44.7%
454,133
41.5%
Grades 9-12
1,331
20.7%
12,375
22.7%
229,226
20.9%
College or Graduate School
1,226
19.1%
11,018
20.2%
361,888
26.2%
Population, 25 years and older
19,919
100.0%
159,889
100.0%
2,902,296
100.0%
Less than High School
5,777
29.0%
46,332
29.0%
510,196
17.6%
High School Degree (includes equivalency)
7,171
36.0%
60,754
38.0%
988,008
34.0%
Some College or Associate's Degree
4,860
24.4%
34,899
21.8%
795,165
27.4%
Bachelor's Degree
1,115
5.6%
9,679
6.1%
361,888
12.5%
996
5.0%
8,209
5.1%
247,039
8.5%
High School Degree or More
14,142
71.0%
113,542
71.0%
2,392,100
82.4%
Bachelor's Degree or More
2,111
10.6%
17,888
11.2%
608,927
21.0%
SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Graduate or Professional Degree
Source: US Census/5-yr ACS, 2009-2013
*Area Development District (ADD)
Percent of Working Population (ages 18-64) with Bachelor’s Degree or Higher
Source: US Census/5-yr ACS, 2009-2013
County
Kentucky
44.9%
49.0%
Average Junior Year ACT Composite Score (out of 36 points), 2013
18.2
19.4
Average High School GPA (out of 4.0), 2013
2.9
2.9
64.0%
60.2%
Percent of High School Graduates Enrolled in In-State College
63.3%
55.4%
6-year College Graduation Rate, 2007 cohort
39.1%
54.2%
Educational Performance Measures
Percent of Kids Ready for Kindergarten, 2013
Percent of High School Graduates Enrolled in College, 2011-2012
Source: KCEWS/County Profile Data, 2014-2015
For more information on test scores
or school readiness go to KY Center
for Education and Workforce
Statistics (KCEWS) at https://
kcews.ky.gov/. For more information
on postsecondary education, go to
KY Council on Postsecondary
Education at http://cpe.ky.gov/info/.
Harlan County - Industry Indicators
Page 2
In 2014, Harlan County had 1,756 jobs in the education industry.
The fastest growing educational occupation in the county was Pre-K and Kindergarten Teachers.
County Employment and Earnings by Type of Educational Institution
Educational Institution
2009 Jobs
2014 Jobs
5-yr Change
2009-2014
Average Annual
Earnings
Elementary and Secondary Schools
976
923
-5.4%
$41,647
Public
921
874
-5.1%
$43,406
Private
55
49
-10.9%
$12,185
365
465
27.4%
$28,687
Public
365
465
27.4%
$28,687
Private
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools
All Other Schools and Educational Support Services
296
368
24.3%
n/a
Public
13
<10
-23.1%
n/a
Private
283
358
26.5%
$33,198
Source: EMSI, 2014
County Employment by Educational Occupation
Educational Occupation
2014 Jobs
Occupational
National
Competitive
Mix Effect
Growth Effect
Effect
Median
Hourly
Earnings
Pre-K and Kindergarten Teachers
52
-5
5
-16
$16.51
Elementary School Teachers
172
-12
14
-6
$23.11
Middle School Teachers
42
-3
3
-3
$22.78
High School Teachers
92
-10
8
-4
$22.99
Postsecondary Education Teachers
137
-3
10
4
$30.84
Special Education Teachers
52
-5
4
-2
$22.99
Teacher Assistants
155
-13
13
-7
$9.46
School Counselors
23
-1
2
1
$24.70
Self-Enrichment Education Teachers
<10
n/a
1
-1
n/a
Educational Institutions Administrators
53
-4
4
-2
$32.60
Education, Training and Library Occupations
49
-3
4
n/a
$16.86
Other Education Occupations
40
-2
3
-5
$23.01
Source: EMSI, 2014
Percent of County Employment by Gender
Statewide Spending on Education
K-12 Education
KY Amounts
Total Revenues
$443,314,000
State and local sources
$398,688,000
Federal sources
$44,626,000
Total Expenditures
$492,400,000
4-year Public Universities
KY Averages
Average Annual In-State Tuition & Fees
$8,543
Average Debt per Student
$22,384
Source: EMSI, 2014
The data for this profile were prepared by the Community and Economic Development
Initiative of Kentucky (CEDIK) at the University of Kentucky.
For questions on the data contained in this profile, contact James E. Allen IV, Research Director,
at 859.218.4386 or james.allen4@uky.edu.
Special thanks to Simona Balazs, CEDIK Research Associate, for her work on this profile.
Source: TRF Policy Map, 2012
cedik.ca.uky.edu
Prepared by: Simona Balazs, CEDIK Research Associate and James E. Allen IV, Research Director
June 2015
CEDIK’s Education Profile is comprised of two major parts.
The first page is an overview of selected education
indicators, while the second page offers a closer economic
look at the education industry. In an effort to provide as
much data as possible on two pages, precise definitions of
some measures were not included. Thus, questions may
arise including: What does this number represent exactly?
How can I interpret this? This short overview provides
additional clarification to the meaning of the selected
measures in the profile.
The midsection of the first page maps the percent of
working population (ages 18-64) with bachelor’s degree or
higher for each Kentucky county. The darker the shade of
blue, the higher the percent of that county’s working
population that has attained least a bachelor’s degree. The
location of the eight public universities in Kentucky is also
mapped. It can be observed that there is a link between
where the universities are located and the educational
attainment of the working population. Data for this map also
come from the US Census, 5-year ACS.
Education Overview
The first page begins by highlighting three indicators of
educational achievement in the county: the percent of kids
ready for kindergarten, the average high school GPA and the
junior year ACT score. The first indicator is important
because the educational and environmental background in
children pre-kindergarten differ widely. This allows schools
to assess and understand how kids are prepared to start
school. The high school GPA and the junior year ACT are
two of the most important factors for acceptance into
college. The high school GPA is out of 4.0 and the junior
year ACT is out of 36 points. The average junior year ACT
score for Kentucky is 19.4; the values at county level range
between 16.5 and 22.7. For the average high school GPA,
the state value is 2.9, while the counties range between 2.6
and 3.3 for an average GPA.
The page ends with a comparative table for some of the
educational performance measures at the county and state
level. Aside from the three indicators highlighted at the top
of the page, this table also provides information on the
percent of high school graduates enrolled in college and the
6-year college graduation rate. The college graduation rate
for the county is the rate of students from that county that
attended college, regardless of where they went to college.
The source of data is Kentucky Center for Education and
Workforce Statistics (KCEWS).
The table on the first page provides data on selected
education indicators grouped into two categories: School
Enrollment and Educational Attainment. Numbers are
provided for the county, Area Development District (ADD),
and Kentucky. School Enrollment data looks at population
enrolled in school (3 years and over) and provides estimate
and percent for variables such as kindergarten, grades 9-12
(high school) and college or graduate school. Educational
Attainment data give an overview of population 25 years and
over that graduated high school or has a bachelor’s degree,
for example. The source of data and description for these
indicators is the US Census, 5-year ACS.
Industry Indicators
Data on the second page provide more detailed information
on the employment in the education industry by type of
educational institution and occupations. This page starts with
a statement on the total number of jobs in the education
industry for the county and the fastest growing educational
occupation in 2014. One important note here is that the
fastest growing occupation in the county is not necessarily
the one with the highest employment; it is the occupation
with the highest percent change from 2013.
The table on the top of the page looks at employment and
earning for different types of educational institutions in the
county. It features the number of jobs for 2009 and 2014,
the 5-year change, and the average annual earnings for
employees working at that institution. The total average
annual earnings for a category (e.g., elementary and
secondary schools) are an average of public and private
annual earnings weighted by employment in each
Kentucky County Economic Profiles online: www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/education
Kentucky County Education Profile Insights, continued
subcategory. Thus, some categories report average annual
earnings that are much closer to the average for the public
educational institutions, while for other categories the
average is closer to the private annual average earnings.
Data in this table come from the Economic Modeling
Specialists Inc. (EMSI).
The second table on this page looks at several county-level
economic indicators for various education occupations, such
as elementary or high school teachers, special education
teachers, school counselor and educational institutions
administrators. The table provides the number of jobs for
that occupation, the occupational mix effect, the national
growth effect, the competitive effect, the number of job
postings and the median hourly earnings for 2014. The
occupational mix effect represents the share of that
education occupation’s growth that is explained by the
growth of this occupation at national level; in other words,
the national growth rate for the entire economy is
subtracted from the national growth rate of the occupation
and then applied to the number of occupational jobs in the
county. The national growth effect describes how much of
the occupation’s growth at the county level is explained by
the overall growth of the national economy (i.e., if the
nation’s economy is growing, then there should be some
positive change in the county’s education occupation). Both
of these indicators rely on the national growth. The
occupational mix effect depends on national growth in that
particular industry, whereas the national growth effect
depends on the growth in the nation’s economy as a whole.
Of particular importance is the competitive effect because it
explains how much of the change in the education
occupation is due to a competitive advantage that the
county has. Unlike the previously mentioned indicators, the
competitive effect cannot be explained by the national
trends, and it can be positive even if the county employment
for the occupation declines. The competitive effect gives the
difference between the expected change and the actual
change for the education occupation in the county. A
positive value indicates that the county’s education
occupation is outperforming national trends, while a
negative effect means that the occupation is
underperforming compared to the national trends.
The source of data for this table is Economic Modeling
Specialists Inc. (EMSI).
The graph on the bottom-left section is a snapshot of the
gender distribution for some education occupations. For
most counties, the graph looks at gender for five or six
occupations for the education industry. However, for some
counties certain occupations are not represented or there
was insufficient data; in these cases, the chart includes fewer
than five categories. Again, the source for this data is
Economic Modeling Specialists Inc. (EMSI).
In the bottom-right section of the page, the profile ends
with an overview of some financial indicators for the
education industry in the state. The table shows, in 2012,
that almost 90% of the Kindergarten-12th Grade educational
institutions’ revenue came from state and local sources and
only 10% from federal sources. It also shows that the
average debt for a student from a 4-year public university is
over $22,000. These data were sourced from The
Reinvestment Fund (TRF) Policy Map and are not available at
the county level.
References:
1. Economic Modeling Specialists Inc. (EMSI), 2014,
http://www.economicmodeling.com/;
2. KY Center for Education and Workforce Statistics
(KCEWS)/ County Profile Reports, 2014,
https://kcews.ky.gov/#;
3. U.S. Census/5-year ACS, retrieved from http://
factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml;
4. The Reinvestment Fund (TRF) Policy Map, 2012 data,
http://www.policymap.com/.
Still have questions?
If you have further questions regarding the data in this
profile, please contact CEDIK Research Director James
Allen IV at 859-218-4386.
Kentucky County Education Profiles online:
www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/education
Kentucky County Healthcare Profiles
Harlan County—Health Indicators
Winter 2014 Update
In 2012, the employment share of the healthcare industry in Harlan County was 16.9%.
Healthcare was the third largest industry employer in the county with 1,352 workers. Also in
2012, the healthcare industry brought in 9.0% ($65,530,656) of the county’s gross product.
Harlan
County
Cumberland Valley
ADD*
Kentucky
Health Outcomes
Premature death (years of potential life lost per 100,000 population)
13,055
11,645
8,768
Percent of adults reporting poor or fair health
36.5%
31.5%
21.4%
Average number of poor physical health days in the past 30 days
8
7
5
Average number of poor mental health days in the past 30 days
5
6
4
Percent of babies born with low birth weight (less than 2,500 grams)
10.9%
9.4%
9.1%
Percent of adults with Diabetes
15.3%
13.9%
11.6%
HIV prevalence rate (per 100,000 population)
35
40
140
Age-adjusted mortality (per 100,000 population, if under age 75)
663
575
445
Child mortality (per 100,000 population)
88
76
65
Infant mortality (per 100,000 population)
910
651
710
Percent of adults who smoke regularly
32.2%
30.6%
26.4%
Percent of adults who are obese (BMI greater than or equal to 30)
32.5%
34.9%
32.9%
Percent of adults who are physically inactive
36.0%
35.8%
31.5%
Percent of adults who drink excessively (heavy or binge)
3.4%
7.1%
11.5%
Motor vehicle crash deaths (per 100,000 population)
29
30
20
STDs: Chlamydia rate (per 100,000 population)
85
172
377
Teen birth rate (per 1,000 females ages 15-19)
86
68
50
32.5%
Percent uninsured (under age 65 without health insurance)
19.9%
19.4%
17.5%
Percent of uninsured adults
24.8%
24.4%
21.8%
of adults
are obese
Percent of uninsured children
6.3%
6.4%
6.7%
Percent of adults reporting they could not see a doctor due to cost
24.6%
25.0%
17.0%
207
164
103
24.8%
Percent of diabetics that receive HbA1c screenings
81.4%
83.0%
83.8%
of adults &
Percent of women receiving mammography screenings
44.1%
53.3%
61.7%
Pollution: Average daily measure of fine particulate matter
(micrograms per cubic meter)
13
13
13
Drinking water safety: Percent of the population exposed
to water exceeding a violation limit in the past year
23.4%
2.9%
10.9%
0
2
8
3.0%
3.1%
24.0%
Health Behaviors
Access to Care
Rate of preventable hospital stays (per 1,000 Medicare enrollees)
Physical Environment
Rate of recreational facilities (per 100,000 population)
Percent of the population that lives within half a mile of a park
*Area Development District
Source: County Health Rankings, 2013. See Insights for specific years of each indicator.
In your
county:
15.3%
of adults
have
diabetes
____________
32.2%
of adults
are
regular
smokers
____________
____________
6.3%
of children
are
without
health
insurance
Harlan County - Industry Indicators
Number of providers per 1,000 population:
Primary Care Physicians: 1.02
Primary Care Physicians (PCP)
29
Specialist Physicians
19
Percent Physicians over 65
24.2%
Percent Kentucky trained
16.7%
Percent Foreign trained
66.7%
PCP who Accept Medicaid
Need
Gap
Need
Gap
Physicians
48
75
28
73
25
Physician Assistants
2
6
4
6
4
Nurse Practitioners
15
12
-3
11
-4
Registered Nurses
236
231
-5
223
-13
Licensed Practical Nurses
94
61
-33
59
-35
Nurse Aides
403
120
-283
116
-287
Dentists
7
14
7
14
7
Mental Health Providers
40
53
13
51
11
Optometrists
0
5
5
5
5
19
Source: KY Health Benefit Exchange & Deloitte, 2012
2008
Jobs
2013
Jobs
2023
Projected
Jobs
2013
Establishments
Offices of Physicians
72
89
123
12
Offices of Dentists
39
31
22
7
Offices of Other Health Practitioners
<10
<10
<10
1
Outpatient Care Centers
NAICS Health Sector
2017
Supply
Mental Health Providers: 1.40
48
2012
Healthcare
Providers
Dentists: 0.25
Supply of Physicians
Page 2
168
207
224
5
Medical & Diagnostic Laboratories
0
0
<10
1
Home Health Care Services
39
37
0
2
General Medical & Surgical Hospitals
408
342
310
1
Psychiatric & Substance Abuse Hospitals
0
0
0
0
Specialty Hospitals (not Psychiatric & Substance Abuse)
0
0
0
0
Average Earnings Per Worker (2013)
$41,637
Source: EMSI, 2013
2013 Medicaid Recipients
by Age Group
Source: KY Cabinet for Health
and Family Services, 2013
Access to Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) by Population
Low Access (less than 1 PCP per 2,000 population)
Intermediate Access (less than 1 PCP per 1,000 population)
High Access (more than 1 PCP per 1,000 population)
In 2012, Kentucky had .93
primary care physicians
per 1,000 population.
The data for this Profile were prepared by the Community & Economic Development
Initiative of Kentucky (CEDIK) at the University of Kentucky. For questions on the data
contained in this profile, contact James E. Allen IV, Research Director,
at 859-218-4386 or james.allen4@uky.edu.
Special thanks to Simona Balazs and Georgette Owusu-Amankwah,
CEDIK Research Assistants, for their work on this profile.
http://cedik.ca.uky.edu/
February 2014
Prepared by: Simona Balazs, CEDIK Research Assistant
CEDIK’s Healthcare Profile is comprised of three major
parts. The first page is an overview of selected Health
Indicators, while the second page offers a closer look at
the Healthcare Industry and Healthcare Access. This
short overview provides additional clarification to the
selected measures in the profile.
Health Indicators
The first page begins with a statement on the status of the
Healthcare Industry in the county, based on three criteria:
the share of total county employment share in the
healthcare industry, the rank of the healthcare industry
relative to all other industries in county based on
employment, and the percent (and dollar amount) that
the healthcare industry brings to the county’s gross
product. For most counties, the healthcare industry ranks
in top five industries in that county. The source of data is
Economic Modeling Specialists Inc. (EMSI).
The table on the first page provides data on selected
health indicators grouped into four categories: Health
Outcomes, Health Behaviors, Access to Care, and
Physical Environment. Numbers are provided for the
county, Area Development District (ADD), and
Kentucky. The source of the data and description for the
Health Indicators is County Health Rankings for the year
2013. However, individual indicators themselves come
from different years (see County Health Rankings Sources
table below).
First, the Health Outcomes indicators include variables
such as premature death, age-adjusted mortality, and
percent of adults with diabetes. The premature death is
measured in the number of years of potential life lost
before the age of 75. For example, if a person died at age
50, then that person contributes 25 years to a county’s
premature death number. Next, the age-adjusted
mortality rate (for residents under 75 years old) is a
standard way of reporting the mortality rate so that
counties with a younger population can be compared to
those with an older population more fairly. The ageadjusted mortality rate reports the average mortality rate
if all Kentucky counties had the same age distribution in
their populations. Please note that premature death, HIV
prevalence rate, age-adjusted mortality, child mortality
and infant mortality are reported as a rate per 100,000
population. Of course, most counties have far less than
100,000 residents, but the data are reported this way
because the amounts are very small.
Second, the measures under Health Behavior are
important markers of risky health behaviors that affect
the community and the healthcare system in a county,
ADD, or the state. Each one of these indicators increases
the risk of various diseases and of premature death.
Third, Access to Care indicators include the percent of
people, adults, and children that are uninsured, and the
percent of adults that could not see a doctor due to cost.
These measures indicate a barrier in accessing needed
health care. Finally, the table reports indicators of the
county’s Physical Environment, which are important for
promoting public health.
Industry Indicators
The top of the second page reports the number of
healthcare providers in the county, including physicians,
dentists, mental health providers, and six other
professions. The data show the supply, need, and gap for
2012, and the projected need and gap for 2017. The gap
of healthcare providers is calculated as the difference
between need and supply. If for a given occupation the
need is greater than the supply, then the gap is positive—
the county requires more providers for that occupation
than it currently has. Likewise, if the supply is greater than
the need for a given occupations, then the gap is negative;
in this case, the county has an excess of providers for that
occupation given the size of its population.
To the left of the primary table, the 2012 supply of
physicians is unpacked into number of primary care
physicians (PCP) and specialist physicians. The percent of
physicians over 65 and percent of physicians that are
trained in Kentucky or abroad are also reported. The
upper-left corner reports the number of providers for
1,000 people for PCPs, dentists, and mental health
Kentucky County Healthcare Profiles online: www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/healthcare
Kentucky County Healthcare Profile Insights, continued
providers. These three healthcare occupations are used
to designate Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA)
and medically underserved populations (MUPs) by the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Resources. In
2013, there were approximately 5,800 PCP HPSAs, 4,600
Dental HPSA, and 3,700 Mental Health HPSAs in the
United States. For both of these tables at the top of the
second page, the data source is a study implemented by
the Kentucky Health Benefit Exchange and Deloitte in
2012 called the “Kentucky Health Care Workforce
Capacity Report,” which painstakingly verified data from
the Kentucky Board of Medical Licensure and similar
boards to ensure accuracy.
The left table in the middle section of the second page
reports the total number of jobs for 2008, 2013, and
projections for 2023. It also includes the number of
health sector establishments and average earnings per
worker in 2013 for the main healthcare subsectors.
These subsectors are based on 4-digit codes of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for the
county. For information on NAICS, please see the
Insights for CEDIK’s Economic Profile. The data source
for this section is EMSI.
Healthcare Access
The bar graph on the right provides information about
Medicaid recipients by age group for the county. Data
come from the Kentucky Cabinet for Health and Family
Services/Department of Medicaid Services as of July 2013.
Whereas Medicare is a federally run insurance program
for people over 65 and younger disabled and dialysis
patients, Medicaid is a federal-state assistance program in
which medical bills are paid from federal, state and local
tax funds. In Kentucky as of 2014, children aged 0-1 are
eligible for Medicaid if they live in a household below
195% of the federal poverty level (FPL), and other
children aged 1-18 are eligible if below 159% of the FPL.
Additionally, pregnant women are eligible for Medicaid if
in a household below 195% of the FPL, while parents and
other adults are eligible if below 133% of the FPL.
However, keep in mind that this figure shows Medicaid
recipients in the county, and that there are likely others
who are eligible but are not recipients.
Finally, the profile ends with a Kentucky map of Access to
Primary Care Physicians (PCP) by population. The map
was constructed using the same ratio provided in the
upper-left corner of the number of PCPs per 1,000
population. A darker color on the map indicates higher
access to PCPs. The 2012 rate of PCP per 1,000 people
for the state of Kentucky is also provided on the map. All
of the High Access counties have higher than average
access to PCPs for the state, while all of the Low Access
and most of the Intermediate Access have lower than
average access to PCPs for the state.
References:
County Health Rankings for Health Indicators, retrieved
from http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/
kentucky/2013/rankings/outcomes/overall/by-rank
Economic Modeling Specialists Inc. (EMSI) for
Employment Data, retrieved from http://
www.economicmodeling.com/
KY Cabinet for Health and Family Services/Department of
Medicaid Services for Medicaid Data, retrieved from
http://chfs.ky.gov/dms/stats.htm
KY Health Benefit Exchange and Deloitte 2012 Report
for Provider Data, retrieved from http://
healthbenefitexchange.ky.gov/Pages/Kentucky-HealthCare-Workforce-Capacity-Report.aspx
“What is the difference between Medicare and Medicaid?”
US Department of Health & Human Services,
retrieved from http://answers.hhs.gov/questions/3094
“Medicaid and CHIP Eligibility Levels”, Center for
Medicare & Medicaid Services, retrieved from http://
www.medicaid.gov/AffordableCareAct/Medicaid Moving-Forward-2014/Medicaid-and-CHIP-EligibilityLevels/medicaid-chip-eligibility-levels.html
Data Sources:
(see table on next page)
If you have further questions regarding the data in this profile, please
contact CEDIK Research Director James Allen at (859) 218-4386.
Kentucky County Healthcare Profiles online:
www.cedik.ca.uky.edu/data_profiles/healthcare
Data retrieved from County Health Rankings at www.countyhealthrankings.org, a collaboration between
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute
Health Outcomes
Original Source
Year
Premature death (years of potential life lost per 100,000 population)
National Center for Health Statistics
2008-2010
Percent of adults reporting poor or fair health
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
2005-2011
Average number of poor physical health days in the past 30 days
2005-2011
Average number of poor mental health days in the past 30 days
2005-2011
Percent of babies born w/ low birth weight ( less than 2,500 grams)
2004-2010
Percent of adults with diabetes
2009
HIV prevalence rate (per 100,000 population)
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral
Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
2009
Age-adjusted mortality (per 100,000 population, if under age 75)
2008-2010
Child mortality (per 100,000 population)
2007-2010
Infant mortality (per 100,000 population)
Health Behaviors
Original Source
2006-2010
Year
2005-2011
Percent of adults who are physically inactive
Percent of adults who drink excessively (heavy or binge)
2005-2011
2004-2010
STDs: Chlamydia rate (per 100,000 population)
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral
Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Teen birth rate (per 1,000 females ages 15-19)
Access to Care
Original Source
2004-2010
Year
Percent uninsured (under age 65 without health insurance)
Small Area Health Insurance Estimates
2010
Percent of uninsured adults
2010
Percent of uninsured children
2010
2005-2011
Rate of preventable hospital stays (per 1,000 Medicare enrollees)
Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care
2010
Percent of diabetics that receive HbA1c screenings
2010
Percent of women receiving mammography screenings
2010
Original Source
Year
CDC WONDER Environmental data
2008
Safe Drinking Water Information System
2012
County Business Patterns
Environmental Public Health
Tracking Network
2010
Percent of adults who smoke regularly
Percent of adults who are obese
(BMI greater than or equal to 30)
Motor vehicle crash deaths (per 100,000 population)
Percent of adults that could not see a doctor due to cost
Physical Environment
Pollution: Average daily measure of fine particulate matter
(micrograms per cubic meter)
Drinking water safety: Percent of the population exposed to water
exceeding violation limit in the past year
Rate of recreational facilities (per 100,000 population)
Percent of the population that lives within half a mile of a park
2009
2009
2010
2010

Harlan ARH Hospital - Appalachian Regional Healthcare

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