guidelines for cooperative model of mini / micro hydro projects

Transcription

GUIDELINES FOR COOPERATIVE MODEL OF
MINI / MICRO HYDRO PROJECTS
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment
Alternative Energy Promotion Centre
National Rural and Renewable Energy Programme
Community Electrification Sub Component
Published by:
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment
Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC)
National Rural and Renewable Energy Programme (NRREP)
Community Electrification Sub Component (CESC)
Khumaltar, Lalitpur
P. O. Box: 14237, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: +977-1-5539390, 5539391 Fax: +977-1-5539392
Email: infor@aepc.gov.np
Web: www.aepc.gov.np
Work Conducted by:
Phulchoki Energy Pvt. Ltd.
Pulchowk, Lalitpur, Nepal
Telephone: +977-1- 5551116
Email: pec.energy@gmail.com
First Edition: 15 December 2013
This Guideline Was Prepared with the Help of:
Devendra Kumar Aryal, Anita Bohara, Prabina Hora, Dilli Ghimire, Rajendra Timilsina, Kala
Timilsina - Phulchoki Energy Pvt. Ltd.
Kjartan Gullbra, Jagadish Kumar Khoju, Madhusudhan Adhikari, Keshav Pradhanang, Deepak
Poudel – AEPC/NRRE/CESC
ABBREVIATION
AEPC
BoD
CBO
CGs
DEES
DEF
DoED
G&T
ELC
GESI
HHs
Hz
INGOs
kW
Kwh
MH
MHP
MMHP
MMHC
MMHCS
MMHPs
MW
NGOs
NRREP
PA
PH
POHV
REA
REF
RSC
TRC
TV
UGs
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Alternative Energy Promotion Centre
Board of Directors
Community Based Organization
Community Groups
District Energy and Environmental Section
District Energy Fund
Department of Electricity Development
Generation and Transmission
Electronic Load Controller
Gender Equality & Social Inclusion
Households
Herz
International Non-Governmental Organizations
Kilo Watt
Kilo Watt Hour
Micro-Hydro
Micro Hydro Project
Mini and Micro Hydro Project
Mini and Micro Hydro Cooperatives
Mini and Micro Hydro Cooperative Society
Mini and Micro Hydropower Projects
Mega Watt
Non-Governmental Organizations
National Rural and Renewable Energy Programme
Public Audit
Power House
Power Output & Households Verifications
Rural Electrification Administration
Renewable Energy Fund
Regional Service Centre
Technical Review Committee
Tele Vision
Users Groups
Guideline for Cooperative Model of Mini / Micro Hydro Projects
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TABLE OF CONTENT
I.
Basics of Cooperative ..........................................................................................................1
1. Introduction of Cooperative ...........................................................................................1
1.1 Cooperative Values and Principles .......................................................................1
1.2 History of Cooperative ..........................................................................................2
1.3 Rural Electric Cooperative ....................................................................................3
1.4 Type of Cooperative .............................................................................................3
1.5 Profit Cooperative .................................................................................................4
1.6 Legal and Policy Framework of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative (MMHC) ........4
1.7 Features of MMHC ..............................................................................................5
1.8 Cooperative Act 2048 ...........................................................................................5
1.9 By-laws of MMHC ...............................................................................................5
1.10 Policy ....................................................................................................................6
1.11 Financing the MMHC: ..........................................................................................7
II. Formation and Registration of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative ..................................10
2.1 Pre-formation of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative .......................................................10
2.1.1 Initial Idea and Key Organizers ..........................................................................10
2.1.2 Social Mobilization: ............................................................................................10
2.2 Formation and Registration of MMHC........................................................................12
2.2.1 Organizing Public Meetings...............................................................................12
2.2.2 Procedure of Registering MMHC ..................................................................... 13
2.2.3 Organize a First Preliminary General Assembly .............................................. 13
2.2.4 Organize Second General Assembly ................................................................ 14
2.3 Prepare a Business Plan for five years for MMHC: ....................................................16
III. Electricity Generation and Distribution..........................................................................17
3.1 Mini/Micro Hydro Project Implementation Process ................................................... 17
3.1.1 Planning / Demand Collection.......................................................................... 17
3.1.2 Pre feasibility Study .......................................................................................... 17
3.1.3 Detailed Feasibility Study ................................................................................. 17
3.2 Application for Subsidy ............................................................................................. 18
3.3 Conditional approval of subsidy................................................................................ 18
3.4 Tendering & Award Contract .................................................................................... 19
3.5 Final approval ............................................................................................................ 20
3.6 Construction, Testing and Commissioning ............................................................... 20
3.7 Verification ................................................................................................................ 20
3.8 Operation and Maintenance ....................................................................................... 21
3.9 Tariff setting and Administration .............................................................................. 21
3.10 Productive End-use ................................................................................................... 22
3.11 Repair and Maintenance ........................................................................................... 22
IV. Organizational and management of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative ..........................23
4.1 Board of Directors........................................................................................................24
4.2 Board's Accountability.................................................................................................25
4.3 Accounts Committee....................................................................................................26
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4.4 Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-Committee.............................................26
4.5 Education Sub-Committee ...........................................................................................26
4.6 Mini/Micro Hydro Power Cooperative Model ............................................................27
4.7 Organizational Structure ..............................................................................................27
4.8 Management .................................................................................................................29
4.9 Review and Planning ...................................................................................................29
4.10 Monitoring and Reporting............................................................................................30
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ANNEXES
Annex - I
: Cooperative Principles
Annex - II
: Cooperative Act 2048
Annex - III
: Cooperative Rules 2049
Annex - IV
: Model Byelaws
Annex - V
: Financial Policy
Annex - VI
: Administrative Policy
Annex - VII
: Electricity Generation, Transmission & Disttribution
Annex - VIII : Cooperative Registration Guideline, 2069
Annex - IX
: Forms and Formats
Annex – X
: Election Procedure
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Guideline for Cooperative Model of Mini /Micro Hydro Projects
I. Basics of Cooperative
1. Introduction of Cooperative
A cooperative society is a voluntary association started with the aim of service of its
members. The philosophy of the formation of cooperative society is "all for each and each for
all" to pool their resources and carry on the business for their own welfare. Cooperative is a
form of business where individuals belonging to the common bond join their hands with the
objective of promoting economic interest of its members in accordance with cooperative
principles.
A cooperative society is formed with the following broad objectives.
• To render service to its members instead of making profits.
• To encourages a state mutual help in the place of competition.
• It assures a state of self-help in the place of dependence.
It develops a state of moral solidarity in the place of unfair business activities.
1.1 Cooperative Values and Principles
MMHC should abide by the following values and principles established by the International
Cooperative Alliance (ICA):
Cooperative Value - Cooperatives are based on the values of self-help, self-responsibility,
democracy, equality and solidarity. In the tradition of their founders, cooperative members
believe in the ethical values of honesty, openness, social responsibility and caring for others.
Cooperative Principles (Annex – 1)
The cooperative principles are guidelines by which cooperatives put their values into
practice.
1. Voluntary and Open Membership
Cooperatives are voluntary organizations, open to all persons able to use their services
and willing to accept the responsibilities of membership, without gender, social,
racial, political or religious discrimination.
2. Democratic Member Control
Cooperatives are democratic organizations controlled by their members, who actively
participate in setting their policies and making decisions. Men and women serving as
elected representatives are accountable to the membership. In primary co-operatives
members have equal voting rights (one member, one vote) and co-operatives at other
levels are also organized in a democratic manner.
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3. Member Economic Participation
Members contribute equitably to, and democratically control, the capital of their
cooperative. At least part of that capital is usually the common property of the
cooperative. Members usually receive limited compensation, if any, on capital
subscribed as a condition of membership. Members allocate surpluses for any or all of
the following purposes: developing their cooperative, possibly by setting up reserves,
part of which at least would be indivisible; benefiting members in proportion to their
transactions with the cooperative; and supporting other activities approved by the
membership.
4. Autonomy and Independence
Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help organizations controlled by their members. If
they enter into agreements with other organizations, including governments, or raise
capital from external sources, they do so on terms that ensure democratic control by
their members and maintain their cooperative autonomy.
5. Education, Training and Information
Cooperatives provide education and training for their members, elected
representatives, managers, and employees so they can contribute effectively to the
development of their cooperatives. They inform the general public - particularly
young people and opinion leaders - about the nature and benefits of cooperation.
6. Cooperation among Cooperatives
Cooperatives serve their members most effectively and strengthen the cooperative
movement by working together through local, national, regional and international
structures.
7. Concern for Community
Cooperatives work for the sustainable development of their communities through
policies approved by their members
1.2
History of Cooperative
The earliest cooperatives appeared in Europe in the late 18th and 19th centuries, during the
Industrial Revolution. As people moved from farms into the growing cities, they had to rely
on stores to feed their families because they could no longer grow their own food. Working
people had very little control over the quality of their food or living conditions. Those with
money gained more and more power over those without. Early cooperatives were set up as a
way to protect the interests of the less powerful members of society – workers, consumers,
farmers, and producers.
In England, consumers were frustrated by the abuses of store owners, many of whom
adulterated products to increase their profits. In many cases, workers’ wages were paid in
company “chits” – credit that could only be used at the company’s stores. The average
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consumer had very few choices and little control. Groups of these people began
experimenting with various methods of providing for their needs themselves. They decided to
pool their money and purchase groceries together. When they purchased goods from a
wholesale dealer and then divided them equally among themselves, they were surprised at the
savings and higher quality of products they were able to obtain.
In 1843, workers in the textile mills of Rochdale, England went on strike. When the strike
failed, the millworkers began to look for other ways to improve their lives. Instead of calling
for another strike or asking charitable groups for help, some of these people decided to take
control of one of the most immediate and pressing areas of their lives. They believed they
needed their own food store as an alternative to the company store. In 1844 a group of 28
artisans working in the cotton mills in the town of Rochdale, in the north of England
established the first modern cooperative business, the Rochdale Equitable Pioneers Society.
The weavers faced miserable working conditions and low wages, and they could not afford
the high prices of food and household goods. They decided that by pooling their scarce
resources and working together they could access basic goods at a lower price. Initially, there
were only four items for sale: flour, oatmeal, sugar and butter. Rochdale is still considered the
birthplace of the modern cooperative movement.
1.3
Rural Electric Cooperative
Rural Electric Cooperatives (RECs) are consumer-owned utilities that were established to
provide reliable and affordable electricity by purchasing electric power at wholesale and
delivering it directly to the consumer. These distribution cooperatives are primarily located in
rural areas where the return on expensive infrastructure investment was not high enough to
attract the investor-owned utilities (IOUs). To assure an adequate supply of the cost-effective,
reliable power that is vital to their survival, distribution cooperatives formed Generation and
Transmission (G&T) cooperatives to pool their purchasing power for wholesale electricity.
The G&T cooperatives provide wholesale power to their member-owners either by
purchasing and delivering power from public- or investor-owned power plants, or by
generating electricity themselves.
As part of Roosevelt’s New Deal, and in the face of significant opposition, the Rural
Electrification Administration (REA) was created in 1935, and Congress passed the Rural
Electrification Act a year later. In 1937, the REA drafted the Electric Cooperative
Corporation Act, a model state law for formation and operation of rural electric cooperatives.
The REA administered low-interest and long-term loan programs for rural electrification, and
also provided technical, managerial, and educational assistance. By 1939, the REA had
helped to establish 417 rural electric cooperatives, which served 288,000 households.
1.4
Type of Cooperative
Cooperatives exist in almost every sector of the economy. Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative
Society is Service Co-operative, which:
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•
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•
1.5
Provides services to their members (individuals or corporations).
Is owned by the users of the services.
Can range in size from mini/micro hydro cooperative to large hydro
power co-operatives.
Profit Cooperative
Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative is for profit cooperatives and the goal of such cooperative is
to operate profitably, as surpluses of the cooperative, after payment of interest on loans, are
distributed as dividend among the members in proportion to their share holding with the cooperative during the fiscal year.
1.6
Legal and Policy Framework of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative (MMHC)
Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative will have to be promoted and strengthened by federating
/merging the Community Groups/User Groups into cooperative society. The MMHC
channelizes the community capital, subsidy of AEPC and also other funds from different
sources. CGs/UGs purchase shares in the name of members from their savings initiated at the
beginning and they will continue their savings activities in the MMHC for their socio
economic development.
Legal Framework of MMHC
Cooperative Principles
Cooperative Act 2048
By-laws
Cccoopeat
Policies
MMHC
Adopted by the Board
Adopted by General Members
Adopted by the Government of Nepal
Set by the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA)
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Legalization
Community Groups/User Groups should be legalized, as Mini/ Micro Hydro
Cooperative under the Cooperative Act 2048 federating/merging them. MMHC
should be established from the members of community groups/user groups
registered under the Cooperative Act 2048.
1.7
Features of MMHC
♦ The maximum limit of share value to one member of the MMHC should not be more than
20% (Twenty percent) of the total share value.
♦ MMHC can be dissolved only by the decision of its members
♦ MMHC can operate savings and credit schemes for its members and ensure the continuity
of community capital generation and mobilization.
♦ The supreme body of MMHC is the General Assembly (Member’s Council) where each
member has one vote.
♦ MMHC ensures the participation of disadvantaged peoples/groups and bottom-up
decision making process for resource allocations;
♦ MMHC will ensure the financial contribution out of the surplus from its operation for the
periodic repair and maintenance of the plants;
♦ MMHC is an autonomous body and purely non political;
1.8
Cooperative Act 2048
MMHC must be registered under the provision of the Cooperative Act 2048 and are governed
by its various clauses on membership, management, financing etc.
1.9
By-laws of MMHC
 MMHC should have its own bylaws (Model Bylaws Annex - 4)
 Objective of MMHC is to clean energy access, enhance rural livelihoods of the
community people through generation, distribution, operation and management of
Micro/Mini Hydro Projects (MMHPs).
 MMHC entitles to national budget allocations, grants, subsidies and other financial
assistance for rural electrification which can be coursed through the Department of
Electricity Development (DoED), AEPC, NEA and/or local governments DDC/VDC.
 MMHC can avail of the financial services and technical assistance provided by the
government/private financial institutions and technical development agencies on
terms respecting their independence as autonomous cooperatives;
 All condoned loans, subsidies, grants and other assistance shall form part of the
donated capital and funds of the MMHC and as such, it shall not be sold, traded, nor
be divided into shareholdings at any time; these donated capital/funds shall be
valuated for the sole purpose of determining the equity participation of the members:
provided, that in the case of dissolution of the cooperative, said donated capital shall
be subject to escheat; (all the property within the state belonging to the original
owner upon dissolution of cooperative)
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The suggested features of the bylaws are as follows:
Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative
General Assembly/General Body of MMHC
The general assembly is the highest policy making body of MMHC. All members
of MMHC shall be members of its general assembly. The general assembly will be
held once a year to give overall policy guidance. The representation of members in
MMHC will be based on gender equity. Subject to the Act and the rules framed
there under, MMHC will frame bylaws to run its business. Such bylaws come into
force after the approval of the concerned authority. The operation and management
of MMHC shall be in accordance with its bylaws.
Governing Body/Board of Directors of MMHC
The MMHC shall elect a Board of Directors from its members. The number of
members shall be 7-15 (at least two female in key positions) as per the requirement
and representation of members in the society. Board of directors will be elected
from its members through democratic election. Elected Board of Directors shall
meet immediately and elect/select the Chairperson, Vice Chairperson, Secretary
and Treasurer or may elect directly the specific positions.
Accounts Committee of MMHC
The general assembly of MMHC shall form an Accounts Committee consisting of
three members including one Convener through elections. The Accounts committee
shall conduct the internal audit of MMHC and supervise the activities of the Board of
Directors and shall present its report to the General Assembly.
1.10
Policy
The by-laws of MMHC is a legal document that must usually be registered so that MMHC
should have another set of supplementary rules that are the internal, private affairs of the
organization. These rules are called policy which covers such areas as the operations of the
MMHC (when and where it will be open for business) and electricity distribution policy,
tariff fixation policy, revenue collection policy. These issues are not usually written into the
bylaws of the MMHC as they may be changed time to time. Legally the Board of Directors
has the right to set and approve policy only by consulting with the general members. The
following policies are mandatory for efficient and effective operation of MMHC.
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a) Financial Policy
The objective of the financial policy is to provide guidelines for the MMHC and staff
to use in making decisions that ensure quality services and financial transparency are
maintained and MMHC’s objectives for the rural electrification is achieved. Model of
Financial Policy is given in Annex –5
b) Administrative Policy
The objective of the Administrative Policy is to set down the policies, conditions,
right and obligations of MMHC employees and provide personnel administration
which includes power to assign duties and responsibilities, train, discipline or reward
employees. Model of Administrative Policy is given in Annex – 6
c) Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution Policy
The objective of Electricity Generation and Distribution Policy is to manage
qualitative electricity generation and distribution service. Model of Electricity
Generation, Transmission and Distribution Policy is given in Annex – 7
1.11
Financing the MMHC
Cooperatives vary greatly in the amount of capital they need to get up and running. The
business plan should include the amount and type of financing needed by the cooperative and
a strategy for getting it. MMHC can raise capital through equity or debt financing.
Cooperative is incorporated "with share capital" and incorporating "with share capital" allows
a cooperative to raise capital by selling shares as well as using debt instruments such as
debentures. The work plan for the cooperative states how much capital the cooperative will
require and for what purpose. Additional capital may be raised through loans and grants.
a) Equity Financing
MMHC will require a large amount of capital, for equipment, supplies, facilities, etc.
all the equity needs can be raised from members. In this case MMHC would require
members to buy a minimum number of membership shares as a condition of
membership.
b) Debt Financing
MMHC can borrow large amounts of money issuing debentures. A MMHC may issue
debentures and accept loans from the national or foreign Banks, or from other
institutions. Provided, however, that the MMHC shall be required to have permission
of Nepal Government before issuing debentures or accepting a loan from a foreign
Bank.
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Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative Model
AEPC /NRREP
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
Disbursement of Subsidy
Follow-up, Monitoring and Evaluation
Subsidy Approval
Proposal Approval
Proposal Evaluation
Regional Service Centre (RSC)
Formation and Registration of MMH C
10. Cooperative management
9. Project Completion
8. Supervision / Monitoring /
Evaluation of Project
7. Implementation of Project
6. Capacity Building-Training,
Education and Exposure
5. Submission of Proposal in AEPC
4. Contract awarding
3. Tendering
2. Collection of Community
Contribution
1. Registration of MMH Cooperative
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9.
8.
7.
6.
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
One Year Guarantee Check
(OYGC)
Power Output & Households
Verification (POHV)
Testing & Commissioning
Installation E/M equipment
Construction of Civil works
Contract for Supply, Delivery &
installation of E/M equipment
DPR send to AEPC for TRC
approval by RSC
DPR Review and appraisal by
RSC
Feasibility Study
Contracting for detail feasibility
study
Pre-Formation of Cooperative
7. Inform and get approval letter from Department of Electricity Development
(DoED), (For more than 100 kW and up to 1000 kW)
6. Receive water use right from District Water Resource Committee (DWRC)
5. Federate CBOs into MMHC
4. Formation of Community Based Organizations (CBOs)
3. Community Groups (CGs)/Users Group (UGs) Formation
2. Socio-Economic Studies
1. Social Mobilization (Sensitization , Awareness Raising, Empowerment)
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Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative
Financial Management Structure
NRREP/AEPC
Subsidy
Bank
Loan
loan
VDC
MMHC
NGOs/
INGOs
DDC
Equity
Bilateral
Others
Labour/ Cash
Contribution
Users Group
Users Group
Users Group
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II.
Formation and Registration of Mini/Micro Hydro
Cooperative
The process of forming a MMHC is not very different from that of any other form of business
venture. There is the planning process and the technical details of setting up the structure and
it requires developing a fully operating business plan.
The following three phases pre-formation, formation and registration, and operation outline
the order of events that are typical in the formation of a cooperative.
2.1
Pre-formation of Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative
2.1.1
Initial Idea and Key Organizers
An idea for the MMHC is usually formed by a key group of individuals who see a
Mini/Micro Hydro possibility, business opportunity or a solution to a problem of rural
electrification. The first step involves deciding whether the MMHC option is viable
by collecting information, clarifying the need for a cooperative and pulling together a
core group committed to the cooperative idea and the business idea. The cooperative
idea is the values and principles of cooperation.
2.1.2
Social Mobilization:
Social mobilization is the process of enabling rural people to build their potential to
improve their livelihoods through rural electrification.
Social Mobilization Process:
• Awareness Building:
o Mass education, sensitization, orientation
•
Group Formation and Mobilization
o Facilitate emergence of Community Groups (CGs) or Users Groups (UGs)
o Facilitate participatory learning and action and needs assessment
o Facilitate economic promotion through community capital generation and
income generation
o Facilitate bottom up planning and mobilization of local resources
•
Capacity Building
o Trainings
o Exposure visits
o Development of bylaws, policy and strategy
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Basic Principle Guide for Social Mobilization
• Group should consists of people from rural electrification target population and GESI
responsive
• The primary target population should be eligible benefits from MMHP
• The group members should establish more Community Groups/Users Groups for rural
electrification and income generation.
• In order to have access to external resources, the groups should have the goal of
developing into Cooperative and registered under the Cooperative Act- 2048 of
Nepal.
• Cooperative should operate under the cooperative principles and the decision making
should be transparent.
• The cooperative should follow the good governance practices.
Key aspects for Community Participation
• The community has to be involved from the very beginning of the MMHP starting
from the first site visit in an ideal case; community itself took the initiative and
proposed the construction of the MMHP.
• Organize regular meeting between community and RSC during the planning stage.
• Organize interaction meeting between community, RSC and contractor/installer
during construction/installation stage to inform and coordinate all activities and to
give parties the chances to discuss potential conflicts (compensation for damage to the
property etc.)
• Keep all involved stakeholders informed and up to date with at least developments
and plans make some that the community do not receive different information from
different parties.
• Make clear that villager's contribution to the construction work either in cash or kind
(labour) is a contribution to implement MMHP.
• Make sure that the contribution is reasonable time and within the ability of the
community people (labour contribution in the leisure time of community people not in
their busy time such as planting, harvesting time)
• Transform information on technical, institutional and investment issues necessity of
management and operation of MMHP system, protection of river catchment, solving
of water usage conflicts.
• Do not raise expectations in the community about the MMHP; make aware the
community people regarding the power supply limits during the dry seasons.
• Always consider and explicitly mention related costs to be borne by the community
not under the coverage of the MMHP (e.g. metering system per household, household
cabling etc.)
• Mobilize women of the community as women are usually have a much deeper
understanding of the importance and sustainability of MMHP as they are of greater
interest on improvement of their children’s livelihood associated with energy.
• Provide equal opportunity to the women, dalit ,janjati and marginal cast to develop
and get benefit from MMHP.
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Stages of Social Mobilization
Social mobilization process will facilitate the emergence of Community Groups (CGs) /
Users Groups (UGs) into a viable Mini/Micro Hydro Cooperative.
Stage I:
Formation of Community Groups / Users Groups eventually the groups
develop into Community Based Organization (CBOs)
Stage II: Transformation of CBOs into MMHC
Stage III: Federate and association of MMHCs with a fully established and functional
District Cooperative Union of MMHCs
Stage IV: Associate with National Association of Electricity Users - Nepal and linked
with other institutions.
Basic information to be obtained for MMHC:
• Water flow data over as many as possible to be sure how much water (in rainy and
dry season) is available to run turbine.
• Collect information about possibility of national grid extension or grid extended in
neighbouring villages. and proposed project area.
• Number of Households live in the village and surrounding area to be benefitted by the
MMHC.
• Average number of members in a family, average family size
• Population growth rate in the area
• Domestic and business energy demand of each household-lighting, fan, TV,
refrigerator etc. and potential entrepreneurs/energy use in the area.
• Public facilities demand- School, hospital, street lighting, market etc.
• Existing productive applications in the village –mills of any type, manufacturing,
cottage, industry etc and potential enterprises in the area.
• A summary of all demand and daily, annual, and peak demand for the village and in
addition some percentage for the future extension to the summary demand.
• Rate if people’s interest and understanding about the way to be electrified
• Various sources of income of the people of the area
• Estimated average monthly income of an average household
• Willingness to pay for the electricity and their monthly affordability
• Availability of grid nearby for connection and the least cost option (electricity supply
from the existing grid vs. setting up a standalone Mini/Micro Hydro vs. selling
surplus energy from the Mini/Micro Hydro to the Grid)
2.2
Formation and Registration of MMHC
2.2.1
Organizing Public Meetings
Organize public meetings to establish whether there is public support for the MMHC.
At the meeting the initiator’s group with the co-operative idea will present its
preliminary findings on the Mini/Micro Hydro co-operative and business idea- what is
the perceived common needs, how a MMHC will meet that needs and the benefits and
limits of MMHC.
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The potential members must be able to agree on:
• The needs to be met by the MMHC.
• Agreement that a cooperative can resolve the problem and attitudes towards cooperatives generally.
• Understanding of the values and principles of cooperation.
• Understanding of and willingness to adhere to the rules of the cooperative.
• A level of trust about the cooperative and between the potential members.
• A necessary level of active commitment to the co-operative including potential
volume usage of electricity generated by MMHC.
2.2.2
Procedure of Registering MMHC
As per the Cooperative Act 2048, at least 25 Nepali citizens willing to do electricity
businesses can establish MMHC.
•
•
•
•
2.2.3
Applicants of cooperative registration
People residing within the territory of the cooperative’s working area
People willing to buy at least one share and receive service and accept to take
responsibility.
The people who meet the above mentioned criterion if they wish to register the
cooperative should have :
Organize a First Preliminary General Assembly
At least 25 people willing to register MMHC should call Preliminary General
Assembly. Every interested people should be present in the Assembly. One Conveyor
selected by the participants of the Assembly should hold the meeting and decide on
the agendas as follows:
a) Establish MMHC
b) Proposed name of the MMHC (Name, Address, office of the MMHC and the
name should not have any resemblance to other organization and advance
approval must be taken from Cooperative Office on the proposed name. The
Cooperative Office should sent the approval of the proposed name is appropriate
or not within 3 days. After getting approval for the name, the MMH Cooperative
should apply for its registration within 10 days.
c) Objective of the MMHC and Activities
d) Working area of the MMHC Cooperative
e) Proposed MMH Cooperative’s Share Capital amount and membership fee
(entrance fee)
f) Ad-hoc Board of Directors (covering working area, at least 7 board members.
g) Assignment of responsibility to draft Bylaws of MMH Cooperative. (Annex-4)
h) Assignment of responsibility to prepare Work Plan ( Annex – 8.1)
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i) Assignment of responsibility to prepare necessary financial policy (Annex-5),
Administrative policies (Annex -6) and Electricity Generation, Transmission and
Distribution Policy (Annex - 7).
j) Assignment of responsibility to prepare Savings and Credit policy if the MMHC
carries out Savings and Credit activities.
k) Responsible person to collect share amounts and entrance fee and responsibility to
take in custody of funds.
l) Other relevant decisions to establish the MMHC
Tasks to be completed by the Ad-hoc Board of Directors for Second General Assembly
• Member Survey - survey the potential members of the co-operative.
• Market Survey - survey the proposed market of the co-operative.
• Rules – develop By-laws, Financial Policy, Administrative Policy, Electricity
Generation, Transmission and Distribution Policy.
• Co-operative education - educate itself and potential members about the co-operative
option.
• Feasibility Study/Viability – Carryout feasibility study / Viability study and arrange
fund for development MHP.
2.2.4
Organize Second General Assembly
After the completion of the assignments given from the First Preliminary General
Assembly, the Second General Assembly be called to decide on the following in
presence of at least 25 people. In the Assembly they may call the representative of
Cooperative Office.
a) Decide on the section and sub-section of the draft Bylaws. The Assembly should
discuss carefully and decide at least on the following agendas:
1) Objectives and activities
2) Member’s responsibility and accountability
3) Division of profit into different funds
4) Manager/Operator/Staff’s responsibility and accountability
5) Roles and responsibility of Board of Directors
6) Inclusion of subjects as directed by the Cooperative Directives (Nirdeshika)
b) Discuss on the Work Plan and decide
c) Authorize the person(s) for registration procedure at Cooperative Office (
Generally authorize Chairperson of Ad-hoc Board of Directors and maximum
two persons)
d) Discuss regarding the opening of Bank Account, name of the Bank and signatories
of the Bank Account (not prejudice to the Section 17 of the Cooperative Rules
2049)
e) Self declaration, savings and credit mobilization policy, financial and
administrative policy. (Self declaration Annex - 8.6)
Application for Registration of MMHC
14
After approval of Bylaws and Work Plan from the Second General Assembly, application
must be submitted including the following documents at the office of the Division
Cooperative by affixing Rs.10’s philatelic stamp according to Annex - 4 of the Cooperative
Rules 2049: (Registration procedures Annex - 8)
1) Two copies of certified Bylaws (Three copies if it is to be submitted at district
cooperative office). The Bylaws should have been signed by the Board of Directors in
each page top and bottom (Annex - 4).
2) Two certified copies of Work Plan (Annex - 8.1)
3) One copy of each minute of 1st General Assembly and 2nd General Assembly.
(Minutes are in Annex - 8.2 and 8.3)
4) Detail information of 25 people, the applicants and those signature in original (Annex
- 8.9)
5) Certified copies of citizenship certificate of the applicants and their specimen
signature
6) Application for registering MMHC must be signed by the Chairperson of the Ad-hoc
Board of Directors (Annex - 8.4)
7) Original authorized letter with the specimen signature of the authorized persons
(Annex - 8.5)
8) Voucher of deposit of share amount and entrance fee collected (if it is deposited in
any Bank) or the receipts from the person taking the custody of the said collected
amount. (Annex -8.8)
9) Three generations detail information of the Board of Directors with photograph
(Annex - 8.10)
10) Proof of living in the working area of MMH Cooperative of the Board of Directors
Any of the following:
• Certified citizenship certificate (attested by the Notary Public)
• Recent Photograph of passport size
If the Board of Director’s citizenship certificate issued out of working area of the MMH
Cooperative the following documents should be submitted:
• Migration certificate if migrated with family
• Marriage certificate if migrated due to marriage
• Land registration certificate and map of house approved or recent electricity bill
paid or any land revenue paid
• Business license and tax payment receipts if business serve 2 years in the working
area of the MMHC Appointment letter if he/she employed , local government’s
recommendation of within one month if he/she resides in the working area of
MMH Cooperative
• Relative other than parents/siblings, the relation certificate from the local
government.
• 80 % of the Applicants should be the permanent residents and their ration always
be maintained.
15
2.3 Prepare a Business Plan for five years for MMHC
A business plan is a document providing a complete description of the MMHC that is
planned to establish. It describes in detail the products or services that will be produced or
sold, the organization of work and the management approach, the results of the market
study and the marketing plan, the human resource plan, equipment and material needed,
financing requirements and the financing plan.
The business plan is a work tool. It serves 2 purposes:
• To facilitate the acquisition of external capital, bank loans or grants. It explains to
investors why they should invest in the cooperative and cooperative's ability to launch
and develop it successfully.
• To facilitate control of the process of launching and developing the new
cooperative.
It will be a blueprint for launching and monitoring the cooperative's activities and results.
It must be written in clear and straightforward language.
16
III. Electricity Generation and Distribution
3.1 Mini/Micro Hydro Project Implementation Process
AEPC/NRREP encourages the mini/micro hydro developer or Cooperative to take overall
responsibility for the project implementation. Their involvement or participation has been
secured from the initial stage. Mini/Micro Hydro implementation posses through following
stages:
3.1.1 Planning / Demand Collection
 Initially interested Cooperatives need to find appropriate site to generate electricity. If
there is adequate water and possibility for generating electricity, they need to discuss
among them for development of project. Once they agreed to develop Mini / Micro
Hydro Project, need assessment process begins as per rules and regulation of AEPC
which is followed by pre feasibility study.
 The Co-operative then should go to the District Development Committee: District
Energy & Environment Section/Unit (DDC:DEES/DEEU), Regional Service Centre
(RSC) or approach directly with AEPC and submit application for feasibility study.
 Regional Service centre or DEES/DEEU prepares district energy situation report and
starts for mobilizing community based on basic principles of community
mobilization.
3.1.2 Pre feasibility Study
 The application form submitted will be screened by AEPC/NRREP and or through
Regional Service Centres. Once an application meets criterion, AEPC/NRREP
supports conducting pre-feasibility survey.
 Regional Service Centre or DEES/DEEU shall carry out the preliminary survey works
 For the project greater than 100 kW, the project developer itself may carry out the pre
feasibility study through technical persons and submit a request for the project along
with the study report.
3.1.3 Detailed Feasibility Study
 Based on the pre – feasibility report, project is selected for detail feasibility study,
which includes the structure design, financial and environmental analysis of the
project. AEPC/NRREP provides the financial support to the co-operative for the study
according to subsidy delivery guidelines.
 Co-operative should select the consulting firms for detailed feasibility study. Regional
Service Centre or DEES/DEEU provides its assistance if required for company
selection. For this purpose, the co-operative shall be required to invite at least three
sealed quotations from among the consulting companies pre-qualified by
AEPC/NRREP through competitive basis and select the company.
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 The detailed feasibility study of the project up to 100 kW shall be carried out as per
the detailed feasibility study guidelines through the consulting firms and their
certified technicians or human resources.
 In the case of project having capacity more than 100 kW up to 1000 kW, the CESC
upon written request of the developer, may carry out the detailed feasibility study on
competitive basis as per the AEPC rules and detailed feasibility study guidelines from
the registered company.
 In order to avoid future water use conflicts and also to get legal status, Cooperative
should registered and get approval the source of Mini / Micro Hydro Power has to be
at District Water Resources Committee / Department of Electricity Development as
required.
3.2 Application for Subsidy
 After conducting DFS Co-operative should submit the report to Regional Service
Centre or DEES/DEEU for initial appraisal.
 For the project greater than 10 kW capacities, the Technical Review Committee
(TRC) reviews the detailed feasibility study (DFS) reports. If the DFS reports found
feasible from the point of social, economical, financial and technical aspects, such
projects will approve by TRC and forwarded to REF for conditional approval.
 For the project less than 10 kW capacities, the DDC shall be required to do the
necessary study and evaluation and recommend the appropriate project to CESC with
report for subsidy.
 The Cooperative has to form Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-committee
which is responsible to carry out all the necessary activities on behalf of the users.
 The Sub-committee will require finding out demand of electricity or the number of
households interested to join in the beneficiary group. They also need to find out the
cost contribution from the beneficiary group and other possible funds for the
implementation of the project.
 The MMHC then will submit application for subsidy by filling the subsidy request
form prescribed for subsidy application and send to REF.
3.3 Conditional approval of subsidy
 REF then again reviews the recommended project from the perspective of
Government’s subsidy policy framework. If the recommended project meets all the
necessary criteria, REF provides conditional approval to the developer.
 The conditions for approval involves terms and conditions required to be fulfilled by
the Cooperative according to the subsidy delivery mechanism of AEPC, in order to
get subsidy.
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 The Cooperative must be registered in the concerned body.
 The feasibility and detail survey report of the project must be approved by the DDC.
 The necessary documents like letter of recommendation, list of households verified by
the concerned VDC, institutional decision, electricity demand etc have to submit to
DDC.
 The project shall have to be constructed through the firms/company or contractor
approved by the Centre.
 Before inviting for quotations for survey and construction of the project, the concerned
project developer shall be required to submit the authentic documents to justify the
guarantee of 75% amount (including the subsidy, for plant less than 10 kW).
 The proposed tariff rate should satisfy the operation expenses (specially, the salary and
allowance of the employees and regular repair and maintenance) and repayment of
loan of the project.
 In order to avoid future water use conflicts and also to get legal status, the source of
micro-hydro has to be registered at related governmental body.
 The MMHC should take responsibility for acquiring land for the canal, powerhouse
and other civil structures, penstock, erection of poles etc. The ownership of the land
has to be legally transferred to Developer, so that conflicts do not arise in the future.
 The other criteria for Mini/Micro project to receive subsidy should fulfill the Criteria
mentioned in Subsidy delivery guidelines of AEPC.
3.4 Tendering & Award Contract
 After finalizing conditional approval of project the MMHC shall calls tender for the
installation of the MMHP and select a company for installation. AEPC through the
Area Service Centre or DEES/DEEU provides necessary advice for activities. .
 The MMHC has the right to select the company for installation out of the tendered
companies pre-qualified by AEPC. The cooperative need to form a construction
committee, which requires quality control & monitoring of materials as well as the
other work.
 The contract agreement of the project up to 100 kW should be signed with the
qualified installer or manufacturing companies, which must include the provisions of
the minimum model contract agreement prescribed by the Centre. While selecting any
company from among the qualified companies and constructing the project, it should
be done as per CESC / AEPC rules and guidelines.
 In the case of MMHP more than 100 kW up to 1000 kW, the contract agreement of
the project may be done with the national or international contractor companies as per
the contract process. The contractor companies may be selected by dividing more than
one but not exceeding four contract packages (civil, hydro mechanical, electro
mechanical, transmission and distribution). A single contractor should be selected to
the extent possible. While selecting the contractor and constructing the project, it
should be done under the mini grid procurement directive of the CESC.
 The selected contractor should verify the project site before making final approval of
the project in coordination with Regional Service Centre or DEES/DEEU.
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 While selecting contractor and contracting project, process should not contradict with
the financial by laws of cooperative.
3.5 Final approval
 The MMHC has to complete and submit all the necessary documents to REF required
for final approval.
 After the final approval of the project, REF releases the subsidy according to payment
process of subsidy delivery mechanism prepared by AEPC.
3.6 Construction, testing and Commissioning
 Once the fund is managed, after final approval of the project, the contracted installer
company supplies all necessary electro mechanical equipment and the developer
transport them to the site.
 The Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-committee should be responsible for
checking the works of the installer Company and materials for quality.
 Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-committee should also be responsible for
the management of local material and local labor in right time at right place.
 Construction Civil component includes construction of Head works (intake, weir and
protection works), Headrace canal, Gravel Trap, Forebay, Spillway, Support piers,
Anchor blocks, Powerhouse building, Machine foundation, Tailrace Canal etc must be
carried out by MMHC.
 Installation of electrical component includes generator, governing system,
transformer, control and protection system, earthling and transmission/distribution
line, house wiring, Service connection will be carried out by the installer. MMHPC
should assist the installer to assure the optimum safety, minimum transmission loss
while installing electrical components.
 Installation of Mechanical components includes turbine and its fitting, power
transmission, penstock pipe and its fitting and poles. The installation of all
components should be according to the BoQ in contract signed.
 Technical person from Regional Service Centre or DEES/DEEU will check to assure
the quality of construction.
 When the installation, testing & Commissioning work is complete, the installer
company along with Regional Service Centre or DEES/DEEU hands over the MMHP
to the developer/Cooperatives. The company demonstrates the operation of the project
to users as well as CESC representatives.
3.7 Verification
 After testing and commissioning of the project the developer or cooperative shall
request Regional Service Centre or DEES/DEEU to get the power output verification
and households verifications.
 The POHV should be done in presence of all three stakeholders representatives i.e.
RSC/DEES/DEEU , Installer company and Co-operative. The generation of electricity
should not be less than installed capacity in the prescribed head and flow of the water.
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 If the actual capacity is lower than the installed capacity at the time of design of the
project or if irregularity has happened due to carelessness of the manufacturer or
installer or supplier, punishment should be done in coordination with RSC or
DEES/DEEU.
 The verification of generation of electricity and households shall be done as per the
electricity generation and household verification directives of the CESC.
After the verification of the output, REF or DEF will release the subsidy amount retained
against guarantee and after sales service. The retained amount will be released at the end of
one year from the date of verification after ascertaining equipment’s quality through
evaluation.
3.8 Operation and Maintenance
 MMHP operator(s) should be involved in the installation and commissioning of the
plant equipment and receive practical on-the-job training.
 Train the operators to make them responsible for monitoring in order to have the plant
monitored on a daily basis.
 Operation Manual has to be provided to operators for daily and monthly routine tasks
and special measures after heavy rain.
 Safety rules must be displayed at the power house and operator compliance with
safety measure must be strictly enforced.
 Use of orderly load shedding routines rather than overloading the system from
consumptions in excess of supply during periods with low power output (e.g during
the dry season) necessary.
 Operator should Maintained a logbook with data operation of the plant.
 Record of important technical data such as electricity produced (kwh) electricity used
(kwh), Voltage (V), Frequency (Hz) and operational time (Hours) etc. should be
maintained properly.
 Development of nursery for micro catchment rehabilitation under routine operations.
 Consumer service should provide according to the Electricity distribution by laws.
3.9 Tariff setting and Administration
 The tariff needs to be based on the cost recovery (long-term unit costs) to ensure the
MMHPs viability and should reflect the consumer's energy usage.
 Poor village communities cannot afford to pay the MMHP initial investment by
themselves and therefore depend on subsidies. In those cases the investment should
never be covered fully by the subsidy but still require contribution from the villagers
(in cash or in kind) to increase their sense of ownership.
 Operation costs should be covered by the tariffs to decrease the external dependency
and increase the sense of ownership and appreciation for electricity.
 Tariff administration consists of (a) Tariff calculation for sustainable MMHP
Operation and (b) regular tariff revision to ensure that sufficient funds are available
for payment of operation and other personnel related expenses in connection with the
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





operation of MMHP, for periodic maintenance and repair works and for larger
rehabilitation expenses as a result of major breakdown or natural disasters.
The tariff as a minimum must reflect the true cost of operating and maintaining the
MMHP scheme with savings for periodic major overhauls /replacement. Tariff needs
to be fixed based on the proper cash flow calculation.
Tariff may be graduated according to different household income level ( social tariff
for disadvantaged households , otherwise based on consumption)
Use incremental tariffs system-low consumption pays lower tariffs-higher
consumption pays higher tariffs.
The tariff system must be based on actual metered consumption or the number of
electrical appliances (lightings, TV, Refrigerator etc) connected per household.
The base calculations for tariff definition must be repeated annually to take into
account price increases and tariffs must be adjusted very clear increased accordingly.
Fix rebate for advance payment, penalty for late payment and electricity pilferage.
3.10 Productive End-use
Technical consideration:
• Consider productive end-use familiar equipment from the initial design phase
• Promotion of productive end uses as part of rural electrification from the very
beginning
• Integrate the plant with direct-driven milling services.
• Increase load factor through augmenting productive demand for power during the
day.
Steps of end use promotion:
1st step: Conduct feasibility study for productive End-use
2nd step: Identification of potential enterprises and entrepreneurs
3rd step: Link with promoting organization and local line agencies for productive
end-uses.
th
4 step: Capacity building of potential entrepreneurs
5th step: Provide financial backup support after capacity building for end use
promotion.
3.11 Repair and Maintenance
 Almost 3 % of project cost should be maintained for repair & maintenance fund of
plant.
 Regular maintenance schedule should be specified & provide routine maintenance
tasks to be displayed at the power house.
 Repairs must be attended to immediately and professionally when a problem occurs
and not be left to decorate further.
 A set of appropriate tools & spare parts for service and maintenance must be
maintained.
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IV. Organizational and management of Mini/Micro Hydro
Cooperative
The proposed organizational and management structure has been designed in such a way that
it will fulfil the following criteria:
People-cantered
The community people will be organized into users groups and they will represent to the
MMHP. The representative members will manage the MMHC. The owner will be the
members. The MMHC is for members by the members and to the members. Hence, it can be
said people-cantered organization.
Transparent
The operation of the MMHC will be as per the Policies framed out by the members
themselves. All operations of MMHC will be according to the policies. The Board of
Directors will be responsible to the General Body and it should report its activities in the
annual general meeting. Another, there will be account committee which will monitor the
activities of the MMHC and it will submit its report to the General Body Meeting. In this way
the activities of the MMHC is said to be transparent.
Decentralized
The line and authority will be clear and transparent in the MMHC. The supreme power vests
in the General Body and the General Body provides the directives and policies to the Board
of Directors. The Board of Directors functions under the approved policy and guidelines and
delegates its authority to the staff. In this way the MMHC functions in decentralized manner.
Locally Manageable
The MMHC operates its functions for the time being by the members who can afford their
voluntary service to the organization. It recruits staff on part-time basis at the initial stage,
then it recruits full time staff when its operation volume of transactions increases. Only after
some years of operation it recruits professional staff and in principle, the Cooperative gives
preference to its members for such positions by providing on the job training and if not
capable, then only it recruits staff from outside. Hence, it can be said that the MMHC is
locally manageable.
Viable
The MMHC is viable means operate in cost effective manner and covers all operating cost
from its revenue income. It mobilizes community capitals and it is not allowed to provide
more than specific percentage of profit as dividend and as per the cooperative principle it has
to create certain reserves for its contingencies. Another part of its benefit is that the members
of the MMHC feel their own and run from their own capital and every member is cautious on
its operation and its revenue recovery.
23
The Sequence of Organizational Structure of MMHCS
3. Third Level
Affiliate with District and National networks of Rural
Electrification.
2. Second Level
CBOs are federated /amalgamated into Cooperative Society
1. First Level
Formalization of Community Based Organization (CBOs), operates Micro/Mini Hydro,
mobilizes savings and begins inter-lending as functional group
1.2 The Organizational Structure
Initiation
Formation of Community Groups (COs) User Groups (UGs) each and every member has face to
face relationship with each other and the relationship between the individual member and the
group tends to be informal.
MMHC will have the following committees:
4.1
Board of Directors
The board of directors is responsible for the general guidance and control of the MMHC's
affairs. Board is responsible for adopting policies. Board determines the policies and
practices, which bring all services of the MMHC. Once a policy is adopted by the Board, it is
effective until decide to change it. Board is responsible to ensure that the policies are
followed.
Duties of the Board of Directors:
The Board shall a. Act upon applicants for membership
b. Determine the rate of interest to be charged on loans (consistent with laws and regulations
of the given locale)
c. Determine the tariff rate of electricity.
d. Limit the amount of shares;
e. Recommend a dividend rate on shares to the membership meeting;
f. Fill vacancies occurring between annual meetings in the board of directors and other subcommittees until the election and qualification of their successor;
g. Have charge of the investment of surplus funds;
h. Designate the bank or other financial institution in which the funds of the society/union
shall be deposited;
i. Appoint a person, who along with the treasurer , shall have joint control of the securities;
j. Authorize employment of such person or persons as may be necessary to carry on the
business of the MMHC and the compensation to be paid to those employee;
24
k. Borrow money to carry out the functions of the MMHC (subject to the limitation of the
law and regulations of the given locale);
l. Approve purchases of major supplies and equipment;
m. Establish the business days and hours of the MMHC;
n. Perform such other duties as the members may from time to time require;
o. Perform such other duties as may be required by the law and regulation of the given
locale.
4.2
Board's Accountability
1. Membership
Facilitate two-way communication between board members, identify member needs
and report on the board's stewardship. Board represents members in a trustee capacity
and must adhere to fiduciary duties. Board must act with loyalty and good faith for the
benefit of the MMHC.
2. Board of Directors
Organize the board meetings, elect officers, establish committees / sub-commities,
recruit qualified candidates, evaluate performance of board members, maintain board
discipline, orient new board members and set training and development plans.
3. Personnel
Select staff, establishes objectives, evaluate performance, allow scope for further
personal development, establish management compensation, and determine
succession to management.
4. Community
Establish corporate standards that are compatible with the values and social
aspirations of the people in the buffer zone area.
5. Policy
Establish policy and monitor the MMHC's operation for soundness and stability.
6. Planning
Form the corporate mission, statements of purpose, objectives and policies, as well as
approve of operate policies and budgets.
7. Co- operative Relations
Represent the MMHC in the development of the cooperative movement.
8. Legislation
Develope policy in compliance with the laws and bylaws governing society and
making representation for change in these laws as required.
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4.3
Accounts Committee
The Accounts Committee may regularly conduct internal audit of the MMHC and suggest to
the Board of Directors thereon. The Accounts Committee shall submit its report on accounts
to the general body. The identification, resolution and follow-up on audit issues are a key
function of the account committee.
It is important that committee members are fully aware of their responsibilities and the time
required fulfilling their commitments before they accept such position. It is also important to
have a knowledgeable, well-informed individual as convener. It is this person's responsibility
to set agendas, call and chair meetings and ensure that all reporting requirements are
maintained.
The major roles and responsibilities of the account committee are listed below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Assess the quality of audit performed.
Review and approve interim or management letter issued by external auditor.
Review and recommend approval of the year-end financial statement to the board.
Meet regularly to review financial statements prior to board approval, monitor follow-up
activity on previously identified audit initiatives and review internal audit reports.
5. Make recommendations to the board on policy issues regarding trends identified in audit
reports and communication with management.
4.4
Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-Committee
MMHC establishes Electricity Generation and Distribution Sub-Committee to ensure smooth
function of MMHC. The committee usually has three members of which one is generally a
member of the board who will be the convener of the committee and manager performs the
role of ex-officio secretary of the committee.
The meeting of the committee can be held at any time as per the need and the meeting is
called by the secretary in consultation with the convener.
The right, roles and, responsibilities of the committee is defined in the bylaws of MMHCS.
The major roles of committee will be as follows:
a) Smooth operation of electricity service
b) Electricity Revenue collections
c) Repair and Maintenance
d) Control of leakages
e) Grievances handling
f) Recommend to Board of Directors on demand and supply, tariff setting, extension and
expansion etc.
4.5
Education Sub-Committee
One of the basic cooperative principles is "on-going education" both to improve the
effectiveness of the cooperative and also to improve the members' understanding. In order to
26
ensure that this education takes place, MMHC establishes Education Sub-Committee. The
education committee is formed by the Board of Directors. The committee usually has three
members of which one is generally a member of the board.
There are three major target groups for the education committee:
a) General public or more particularly, potential members of the MMHC. The education
committee should focus on basic co-operative principles and cooperative awareness so
that the participants will see the potential benefits of joining the MMHC.
b) Member’s education for members should cover the structure and constitution of the
cooperative Society, plus policies on services of MMHC, introductory sessions on
meeting procedure, reading financial reports, and roles and responsibilities of members
will help to participants fully in the MMHC.
c) Officers and committee Members should be given more detailed session on MMHC
operation and management, so that they will be able to administer the MMHC. They
should also be trained in the specific roles and responsibilities of their position in the
MMHC.
4.6
Mini/Micro Hydro Power Cooperative Model
MMHC model should have the following objectives for:
• Stimulating local investment in renewable energy generation
• Increasing social acceptance of hydropower through local community
• Generating economies of scale and reducing administrative difficulties
4.7
Organizational Structure
A cooperative has 3 key groups of people:
Members
Members, as owner-users, are the reason the cooperative is organized. They justify its
continued existence through their patronage, capital investment, and participation in
decision making. The members are represented in the cooperative by the Board of
Directors.
The Board of Directors
The Board of Directors is a policy-making body elected by the members, who
represent the members by overseeing the cooperative’s business affairs. Usually 7–15
members (at least two female in key positions) are elected to provide leadership.
Directors, as trustees, establish policy, report to members and give direction to the coop’s hired management, generally without getting involved with the day-to-day
operations.
Management
Management supervises and coordinates the day-to-day operations of the co-op and
are supervised by the board of directors.
27
Organizational and Management Structure of
Mini/Micro Hydro Power Cooperative
The Structure of a MMHC
The Members
Membership in MMHC is limited to persons accepted by the
Board of Directors from among applicants from the field of
membership defined in the bylaws. Each member has one
vote at the General Meeting.
Elect
Education Sub-Committee
The Board of Directors
Account Committee
7 to 15 members who
collectively direct and
administer the activities
of the society/union
Three members who
examine the affairs of
the MMHC and inspect
book and report to
General Meeting
Appoint
Develop; deliver education
and training programs for
members, staff and the
prospective members.
Electricity Generation and
Distribution Sub-Committee
Develop
and
Implement
Energy Promotion Program
Manager
Meter Readers
Admin / Finance
Assistant
Operators
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4.8
Management
•
•
•
•
4.9
Management staff should be appointed at an early stage of the MMHP to
coordinate with the contributions and for organizing community contributions.
Operation staff should participate in the installation of the electromechanical
equipment.
Clarification of land/ water use rights must be made at the initial phase of the
MMHP.
Compensation of land owners (e.g. damages to properties between water use for
power production and irrigation or water supply must be settled in advance of
MMHP initial phase.
Review and Planning
Review - MMHC will have to organize half-yearly review meeting with the groups to
review the ongoing activities and to assist the groups to prepare their action plan for
the next six months. This will ensure bottom up process of planning and the MMHC
will design its support to the groups based on the outcome of the exercise.
Planning - ACPC will assist in the preparation and monitoring system of long-term
plans of MMHC. The MMHC will also assist to Community Groups for preparing
operational plans and long-range plans and self-sufficiency strategies. These plans
shall be prepared considering the financial viability and sustainability of MMHC.
Financial Management:
• The Board of Directors (BOD) should strictly enforce regulation in particular those
related to tariffs.
• The BOD must establish a Bank Account to facilitate transparent financial and
administrative control.
• BOD should establish a point of payment where consumers come to pay their monthly
tariffs.
• Familiarize procedures for improving transparency and accountability by organizing
regular Public Audit/Public Hearing (PA/PH) with financial and management
reporting.
Capacity Building
• Involvement of local people to its initial stage when the survey/design is being done
• Involvement of local people to its installation of MMHP to minor repair and
replacement problems.
• Inbuilt orientation/induction training package arrangement with the supplier of MMH
Plants.
• Training in practical aspects of MMH Plant operations and maintenance. in catchment
management and protection
29
•
•
•
•
4.10
Operation and management training in MMH Plant with formal classroom training
followed by on-site-training
Training on income generation based on productive end-use of energy to improve
ability to pay for even higher tariffs.
Training on practical, hands-on and on-the-job training book keeping, financial
management, tariffs calculation and updating, maintenance routines, simple repairs.
Sensitization on safety measures and efficient use of electricity.
Monitoring and Reporting
Reporting must be systematic and consistent to maintain transparency.
•
•
•
•
•
Government/AEPC should carry out routine physical monitoring of MMHP Plant to
provide statistics on generation capacity and electricity coverage and usage and to
draw information for the planning of Rural Electrification.
Physical monitoring of plant by BOD and that must be documented in reports to the
members.
Physical monitoring must include stock taking (inventory) of all the elements of
MMH Plant with observation on condition and possible needs for repair/replacement.
Reporting through PA/PH, Annual General Meeting by the BOD supported by
accounts, Bank Statement, MHP logbook and other relevant documents and
summarized for entire working area on a public information board (notice board of
cooperative)
Physical and financial reports by the BOD should be open to inspection of the
members upon request.
Report on the quality and structure of the portfolio should be produced at least once a month
preferably within 10 working days of month end.
The MMHC needs to receive up-to-date reports on timely basis. The MMHC will also need
to provide reports on its operation to District Union and NRREP/AEPC as follows:
The reporting and monitoring structure will have 3 layers:
a) Group to MMHC: The meter reader (front-line staff) will prepare weekly report and
submit to MMHC.
b) MMHC to NRREP/AEPC: The manager of MMHC will prepare progress as well as
financial report quarterly to be submitted to the District Union and NRREP/AEPC.
c) MMHC to Government: The MMHC will prepare yearly report to be submitted to
Division of Cooperative, DDC, and National Level Networks.
30
Indicators for Monitoring
a) Transmission and Distribution
Basics for Grid
• Start the grid layout from the Powerhouse to the consumers and try to service all
potential consumers.
• Maintain distance from Powerhouse to grid to consumers as short as possible less
lengths of cable reduces the losses and the cost of the system.
• Define the location of poles carefully look for a dry location, easy terrain and enough
ground clearance cable.
• Maintain sufficient ground clearance determining the maximum distance between two
poles, as it should not be longer than 30-50m.
• Minimum ground clearance for low voltage lines it should be at least the following:
4.5 meters for off road installations
5.0 meters along side of road installations
5.5 meters crossing roads installations
Transformer
• Transformer should be out of reach of human and animals
• It should mould high enough so that nobody can reach it accidentally –minimum
clearance should be maintained.
• Transformer should be fixed on a steel frame, held by two concrete poles.
• Cable stand should be well arranged for any easy understanding of the system.
Distribution pole and lines
• The pole should be perfectly vertical and stabilized by guy wires
• All cables should be properly fastened to the pole top hardware
• The line should be installed free from house part, tree or plants near the wire
• Service drops to the panes should be in ducts and fastened to the pole
• Panel should be out of reach of unauthorized persons.
House Installation
• Meter should be sealed and well protected under roof against rain and moisture.
• The fuses should be fixed properly
• Wiring should be clearly arranged , cables should have double insulation
• The power supply cables should be installed within ducts to prevent damages or faults
• Sockets and switches should be of approved type (good quality)
• The sockets should be grounded (i.e. have earthling) to make the use of appliances
safer.
• A correct type of plugs should be used to take the electricity from the socket
• Installation should be done by a professional.
31
b) Operation and Maintenance:
Operation:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
MMHP operator(s) should be involved in the installation and commissioning of the
plant equipment and receive practical on-the-job training.
Train the operators to make them responsible for monitoring in order to have the plant
monitored on a daily basis.
Operation Manual has to be provided to operators for daily and monthly routine tasks
and special measures after heavy rain.
Safety rules must be displayed at the power house and operator compliance with
safety measure must be strictly enforced.
Use of orderly load shedding routines rather than overloading the system from
consumptions in excess of supply during periods with low power output (e.g during
the dry season)
Maintain a logbook with data operation of the plant.
Record important technical data such as electricity produced (Kwh) electricity used
(Kwh) , Voltage(V) , Frequency (Hz) and operational time (Hours)
Development of nursery for micro catchment rehabilitation under routine operations.
Maintenance:
•
•
•
•
Maintenance schedule should be specifically provide routine maintenance tasks to be
displayed at the power house.
Repairs must be attended to immediately and professionally when a problem occurs
and not be left to decorate further.
A set of appropriate tools for service and maintenance must be supplied.
A Repair and Maintenance Fund should be establishes.
32
Flow of Funds in Mini/Micro Hydro Power Cooperative
#3
SUBSIDY
AEPC
FIXED ASSETS
SHARES
SAVINGS
DEPOSITS
MEMBERS
#2
R&M FUND
#4
MEMBERS
INVESTMENTS
INVESTMENT
INCOME
LOANS
LOAN
PRINCIPAL
MEMBERS
LOAN
REPAYMENT
LOAN
INTEREST
#1
GROSS
INCOME
#5
ELECTRICITY
REVENUE
-
EXPENSE
#6
=
SURPLUS
#7
MEMBERS
FEE
ENTRANCE HIP
 25% for Dividend
 10% for Bonus
 20% for Rural
Electrification and
Development
 25% for Repair and
Maintenance
 20% for Institutional
Development
MEMBERS
GENERAL
RESERVE
25% OF NET
SURPLUS
ELECTIVE
RESERVES
25% for
Extension and
Expansion
DIVIDENDS/INTEREST REBATE
33
c) Accounting System
Accounting system is intended to provide an orderly method of recording business
transactions efficiently and to give an accurate reflection of operation as well as the assets
and liabilities of MMHC. The book keeping system consists of accounting of receipts and
disbursements to individual members and the recording of expenditures involved on the
standard forms of voucher and post them to the ledger, which is a chronological record of
the daily business of the MMHC.
MMHC accounting makes use of the almost universally used double entry system and
kept on accrual basis. Income are credited to the period in which the income is received
and accrued income and advance income if any are accounted on year-end. Expenses are
charged or the expense is paid or become due for payment and accrued expenses and
prepaid expenses if any are accounted on year-end. The Cooperative Act and Rules have
also made mandatory to maintain books of accounts on aforesaid principles. (Forms and
formats for Accounting, Annex VIII)
d) Books of Accounts
According to the Cooperative Rules 2049 every society shall has to maintain, as
prescribed accounts, records and registers, the records of the accounts of all its
transactions and other necessary records. The main books of accounts commonly used
Cash Book, General Ledger and Subsidiary Ledgers; Electricity Revenue, Purchase,
Repair and Maintenance, Loan ledger and Savings/Deposits Ledger are described below:
Cash Book
All the cash receipts from members, banks and others are recorded based on official
receipts numerically on daily basis. All payments for expenses and purchases of assets,
disbursements of loan and others with approved payment vouchers are recorded daily.
The cash book is balanced and verified with cash in hand.
 The General Ledger
The General Ledger is the record of final entry. It shows the results of financial
operations as of a particular date. The General Ledger acts as a control of the entire
Society/Union operation and serves as a major basis of the month-end report of operation.
General Ledger accounts are grouped into four general classifications:
1) Assets Accounts - Equipments, Transmission Lines, Bank Account, Deposit in Bank,
Furniture and loans to members, receivables (generally subsidiary ledgers for
individual accounts), etc.
2) Expense Accounts - Electricity purchases, Salary, Rent and Stationery etc.,
3) Liabilities Accounts - Creditors, Payables, Deposits and saving (generally subsidiary
ledgers for individual accounts) and other payables etc and.
4) Income Accounts - Electricity Revenue, Interest Income, Fees and other income etc.
34
 Subsidiary Ledgers
Subsidiary Ledger is the record of the individual accounts e.g. electricity billings, repair
and maintenance, loan and deposits/savings. It shows the balances of individual
electricity bills, loan due and individual saving and deposits of the members at a
particular date. The subsidiary ledger is the details of the general ledger. The total of the
individual account balances at a particular date should tally with the balances of the
general ledger.
 Registers
MMHC should maintain the following registers:
1) Membership Register
2) Separate minute books of the preliminary general meeting, general meetings, special
general meetings, as well as those of the Boards and Sub-Committees.
3) Share register.
 Accounting Process
The accounting process of MMHC is summarized as follows:
Voucher - Vouchers are prepared after analyzing the transactions and deciding which
account/s to debit or credit at what amount/s. The vouchers are numbered
chronologically. Vouchers are prepared on money received from members in the form of
investment in shares, receipts of electricity bills, savings, deposits, membership fee,
payments of interests and repayments on loans. These amounts are recorded on a receipt
slip. A voucher is made for the disbursement. From the voucher, the amounts are posted
in the member's individual loan account in Subsidiary Loan Ledger. Voucher is also
prepared for all payment (expenses). At the end of the closing vouchers are prepared for
the adjustment and corrections in the accounts. Vouchers are posted for recording
changes in ledger accounts Cash book, Subsidiary Ledgers electricity billings,
saving/deposits and loans.
Preparing of Trial Balance and Reconciliation of Accounts
Trial Balance - A trial balance is prepared at a particular date. The Trial Balance is a
form, which lists the various accounts and provided a set of two columns in which to
record the General Ledger balances. By listing the balances in the appropriate columns
and totaling the columns, it determines whether the debit and credit balances are equal or
not and General Ledger is "in balance".
Reconcilement of Accounts - Reconciling the bank account and other accounts are
merely an orderly method of setting out the reasons for the differences between the
balance appearing in the General Ledger of MMHC's and with outsiders e.g. bank and
other parties. It is prepared at a particular date.
35
Preparing Financial Statements
Income and Expenditure Account - The statement of income and expenditures account
reflects the transactions and gains or loss from operations for a particular period. These
individual incomes and expenditures items are listed from the general ledger/trial balance.
Balance Sheet - The Balance Sheet is a statement summarizing the financial position of a
MMHC on a particular date. All these figures are taken from the General Ledger/Trial
Balance, with the exception of the item, net surplus or deficit, which is derived from
subtracting the current total expenses from total current income to date. The main
components of Balance Sheet are items of assets and liabilities. The total of assets must
tally with the total of liabilities.
Report of Operation - The report of operation is prepared for showing the information
(data and tools) of MMHC’s as of a particular date. By comparison of the figures, the
officials can determine whether the MMHC is making progress, and if so, in what
respects.
The statistical section provides for certain figures, which are also useful to the officials.
The statistical information on loans provides information for determining not only the
volume of loans, but also the average size of loans, which the MMHC is making.
36
ANNEXES
Annex - I
: Cooperative Principles (;xsf/Ltfsf
l;4fGtx¿)
Annex - II
: Cooperative Act 2048 (;xsf/L
Annex - III
: Cooperative Rules 2049 (;xsf/L
Annex - IV
: Model Byelaws (ljlgod)
Annex - V
: Financial Policy (cfly{s
Annex - VI
: Administrative Policy (k|zf;lgs
Annex - VII
: Electricity Generation, Transmission & Disttribution (ljB't
P]g] , @)$*)
lgodfjnL, @)$()
k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL)
lgodfjnL)
pTkfbg,
k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f lgodfjnL)
Annex - VIII : Cooperative Registration Guideline, 2069 (;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yf btf{
lgb]{lzsf, @)^()
Annex - IX
: Forms and Formats (;xsf/L
;+:yf ln= ;DjlGw kmf/fdx?)
Annex – X
: Election Procedure (;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yfsf] lgjf{rg lgb]l{ zsf, @)^()
37
cg';'rL – !
;xsf/Ltfsf l;4fGtx¿
!_ :j}lR5s tyf v'nf ;b:otf -Voluntary and Open Membership_
• lgwf{l/t of]Uotf k'us
] f] s'g} JolQmnfO{ ;+:yfsf] ;b:o aGg /fhg}lts, cfly{s, hftLo, n}lËs lje]b
ug'{ gx'g],
• ;b:o ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; u/]sf] x'g'kg]{,
• ;b:osf] x}l;otn] jxg ug'{ kg]{ lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{ :jLsf/ ug'{kg]{,
• ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fpg] ;]jf pkef]]u ug{ tof/ x'g'kg]{,
• ;b:on] ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf TofUg rfx]df ;b:otf TofuL cnu x'g ;Sg],
• s[ltd 5]sjf/÷aGb]h nufO{ ;b:o aGgaf6 jl~rt ug{ gx'g],
@_ ;b:ox¿åf/f k|hftflGqs lgoGq0f -Democratic Member Control_
• z]o/ hlt;'s} vl/b u/] klg ;b:ox¿åf/f ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf; ug]{ p2]Zon]
u7g x'g] x'Fbf ;b:ox¿n] g} lgoGq0f ug'{ kg]{,
• Ps ;b:o Ps dtsf] k4lt nfu' x'g],
• ;+:yfsf ;a} ;b:ox¿ ;+nUg x'g kfpg] ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f ;+:yfsf] gLlt lgdf{0f ul/g],
• ;xsf/Ldf ;fwf/0f ;ef g} ;jf]{Rr c+u x'g] ePsf]n] o;n] Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf, /
Gofokflnsfsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{
• ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6} ;fwf/0f ;efåf/f lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿åf/f 5flgPsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn]
;~rfng ug]{,
• ;b:o–;b:o aLr ;]jfdf lje]b gul/g],
• ;+:yf ;~rfng sfo{df ;+nUg k|ltlglw JolQmut ?kdf ;fwf/0f ;b:o k|lt / ;fd'lxs ?kdf
;+rfns ;ldlt k|lt pQ/bfoL x'g] .
#_ ;b:osf] cfly{s ;xeflutf -Member Economic Participation_
;xsf/L ;+:yfdf k|To]s ;b:osf] ;fgf]–;fgf] k"h
F L z]o/sf] ?kdf ;+slnt eO{ ;b:osf] cfly{s
;xeflutfåf/f Joj;flos zlQmsf] ;[hgf x'G' 5 . ;fy} z]o/ /sdsf] 36L / a9Ln] ;b:ox¿sf]
clwsf/df lje]b ul/b}g . o; cGtu{t d'Vo ?kdf lgDg ljifox¿ kb{5g\ .
• ;xsf/LnfO{ cfly{s sfo{, Joj;fo ug]{ dfWodsf] ?kdf :jLsf/ ug]{,
• k|lt z]o/ ;dfg d"No / Pp6f z]o/ / PseGbf abL z]o/ lng] ;b:osf] sfg"gL x}l;ot / :t/
a/fa/ x'g,]
• l;ldt nfe -w]/} nfef+zn] P]Soaåtfsf] efjgf 36\g ;Sb5_ ljt/0f ug]{,
• ;b:on] u/]sf] sf/f]jf/sf cfwf/df ;+/lIft k"h
F L sf]ifaf6 k|ltkmn kfOg] .
• jrt -gfkmf_ af6 hu]8f sf]if / cGo sf]ifx¿ Vf8fu/L k|efjsf/L Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
1
$_ :jfoQtf / :jtGqtf -Autonomy and Independence_
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;b:ox¿åf/f ul7t, ;~rflnt Pj+ lgolGqt :jfoQ Pj+ :jtGq x'G5 .
• ;+:yf afÅo lgoGq0f, x:tIf]kaf6 d'Qm x'g],
• ;b:ox¿åf/f :jo+ -cfGtl/s_ lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ngsf] Joj:yf cyf{t ;+:yfdf lxgfldgf tyf cGo
unt sfo{ eP ;b:ox¿ :jo+ lhDd]jf/ x'g] Joj:yf,
• ;+:yfn] cGo ;+:yf÷JolQm÷;/sf/ ;a} ;Fu lglZrt zt{ / ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/df sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]
clwsf/
• cfˆgf ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ rflxg] ljlgod cfkm} agfpg ;Sg] clwsf/
• ;xsf/L ;+:yfn] pkof]u ug{] :jfoQtf / :jtGqtf k|rlnt P]g, lgod, ;xsf/L d"No, l;4fGtsf]
kl/lwdf /xL pkof]u ug['{kb{5 .
%_ lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgf -Education, Training and Information_
yfxf kfPsf] ljifo ;+:yf ;xsf/Lsf k|To]s ;b:onfO{ ;xsf/L ;DaGwL lzIff, tflnd lbP/ of]Uo /
;Ifd agfpg' kb{5 eGg] dfGotf of] l;4fGtn] /fVb5 . o;df ;+:yfdf x'g] k|To]s lqmofsnfksf]
hfgsf/L ;b:ox¿nfO{ lbg' kg]{ / ;b:on] klg cfkm'n] hfgsf/L lbg] bf]xf]/f] ;""rgf k|0ffnLsf] Joj:yf
nufot lgDg ljifox¿ kb{5g\ .
• ;+:yfn] ;b:ox¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff / cfjZostf cg'?k Joj;flos ;Lk ljsf; Joj:yfkg
tflnd k|bfg ug'{kg]{,
• ;xsf/L lzIff sf]ifsf] Joj:yf x'gk' g],{
• k|lzlIft÷lzlIft ;b:ox¿åf/f ;+:yfsf] ;d'Ggltdf of]ubfg k'Ug],
• ;+:yf leq / aflx/ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; / o'u cg';f/sf] ;"rgf k|bfg ug'k{ g]{ .
^_ cGt/ ;xsf/L ;xof]u -Coperation among Coperatives_
Pp6} dfq ;+:yf :jo+df k'0f{ x'g sl7g x'g] ePsf]n] ;xsf/L dfkm{t ;fgf:t/df ul/g] Joj;flos
lqmofsnfknfO{ a9fP/ lghL If]q;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ phf{ ljsf; ug]{, ;xsf/L–;xsf/L aLr k/:k/
;xof]u h?/L x'G5 .
• k|f/lDes b]lv cGt/f{li6«o:t/;Ddsf ;xsf/Lx? aLr ;"rgf Pj+ Joj;flos ;+hfnsf] ljsf; ug]{,
• cGt/;xof]usf] dfWodaf6 cGo If]q;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ Ifdtfsf] ljsf; ug]{,
• lhNnf:t/Lo ljifout ;+3, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;+3x¿, /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 x'Fb}
cGt//fli6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3 ;Ddsf], cGt/;DaGwaf6 Joj;flos lqmofsnfksf] bfo/f lj:tf/ ug]{
.
&_ ;d'bfo k|lt rf;f] -Concern for Community_
;xsf/L ;+:yfx¿ ;d'bfosf cleGg c+u ePsf]n] cfˆgf ;b:osf ;fy} ;fd'bflos lqmofsnfkdf ;l/s
eO{ ;fd'bflos ljsf;sf sfo{x¿ ug{' kg]{ x'G5 . of] l;4fGt cg';f/M
• ;d"xsf] PskIf sdhf]/ eP cGo kIf klg sdhf]/ x'g hfG5 -cGt/lge{/tf_ eGg] dfGotfnfO{ of]
l;4fGtn] :jLsf/]sf] 5,
• ;d"xsf] lxts} nflu u7g x'g],
2
• ;d'bfo k|ltsf] ;]jfn] ;+:yfdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg{,]
• j[Iff/f]k0f, lzIff, :jf:Yo, kl/jf/ lgof]hg, ;/;kmfO{, vfg]kfgL, s'nf], kf7zfnf, wfld{s ;f+:s[lts
kj{x¿df ;xsf/L ;xof]u a9fpg],
• cfsl:ds b'36{ gf÷b}jL k|sf]k– -cfunfuL, e'Orfnf] cflb_ sf] ;dodf p4f/ / k'g:yf{kgfsf
sfo{df ;xeflutf a9fpg
3
cg';'rL – @
;xsf/L P]]g, @)$*
k|df0fLs/0f / k|sfzg ldlt @)$(.)@.)@
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g
!= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g,@)%&
@= ;xsf/L -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)%&
#= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg'g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^
@)$( ;fnsf] P]g g+ *
@)%&.)$.@^
@)%&.)*.@!
@)^^.!).)&
;xsf/L ;+:+yf tyf ;+3+x¿sf] ;DaGwdf Joj:yf ug{ ag]sf] P]]g
k|:tfjgf M b]zsf s[ifs, sfnLu9, sd k"h
F Ljfn / lgDg cfoju{, >lds, e"dLxLg tyf a]/f]huf/ jf
;fdflhs sfo{stf{n] ;j{;fwf/0f pkef]Qmfsf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu kf/:kl/s ;xof]u /
;xsfl/tfsf] cfwf/df ljleGg lsl;dsf ;xsf/L ;+:yf tyf ;+3x¿sf] u7g / ;+rfng ;DaGwL Joj:yf
ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n,] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh jL/]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] PSsfO;f}+ jif{df
;+;bn] of] P]g agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]]b – !
k|ff/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f| /De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æ;xsf/L P]g, @)$*Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;u+ n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,
-s_ æ;+:yfÆ jf æ;+3Æ eGgfn] bkmf % adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3 ;D´g' k5{ .
-v_ æ;b:oÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgod adf]lhd z]o/ v/Lb u/L ;b:otf k|fKt u/]sf]
JolQm, ;+:yf, ;+3 jf cGo lgsfo ;D´g' k5{ .
-u_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgod adf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;+rfns ;ldlt ;D´g' k5{ .
-3_ æ/lhi6«f/Æ eGgfn] bkmf @! adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf] /lhi6«f/ ;D´g' k5{ .
-ª_ æ;fwf/0f ;efÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;ef ;D´g'
k5{ .
-r_ æljlgodÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgod ;D´g' k5{ .
-5_ ætf]lsPsf]Æ jf ætf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] of] P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgoddf tf]lsPsf] jf
tf]lsPadf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .
kl/R5]]b – @
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] u7g
#= ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] u7g M
1
-!_ ;xsf/L l;4fGt cg'¿k cfˆgf ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu ;]jf tyf
;'ljwf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 u7g ug{ ;lsg]5M–
-s_ sDtLdf kRrL; hgf JolQmx¿ ;b:o ePsf] k|f/lDes ;+:yf .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] slDtdf kfFrj6f ;+:yfx¿ ;b:o ePsf] ljifout ;+3 .
-u_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf ;+:yfx¿ jf v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf ljifout ;+3x¿ jf b'j} u/L sDtLdf
kfFrj6f ;+:yfx¿ jf ;+3x¿ ;b:o ePsf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-3_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf slDtdf kRrL;j6f ljifout ;+:yfx¿ jf v08 -v_ adf]lhd slDtdf
kfFrj6f ljifout ;+3x¿ ;b:o ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-ª_ v08 -v_, -u_ / -3_ adf]lhdsf slDtdf kGw|j6f ;+3x¿ ;b:o ePsf] /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg Pp6} lhNnfdf Ps eGbf a9L lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3
jf Ps} k|s[ltsf ljifout ;+3 tyf Ps} k|s[ltsf Ps eGbf a9L s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 u7g ug{
;lsg] 5}g .
-#_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfo{If]q ;f]xL ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgoddf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g5
] .
$= ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{ b/vf:t lbg] M
-!_ bkmf # adf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt ;b:ox¿n] /lhi6«f/;dIf
b/vf:t lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t lb+bf ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] b'O{k|lt ljlgodx¿, sfo{ of]hgf tyf
;b:ox¿n] lng sa"n u/]sf] z]o/sf] ljj/0f ;+nUg u/L b/vf:tdf sDtLdf bkmf # adf]lhdsf
;b:ox¿sf] b:tvt ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
%= ;+:y+ f jf ;+3 btf{ ug]{ M
-!_ bkmf $ adf]lhd ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{sf] nflu k/]sf] b/vf:tdf /lhi6«f/n] ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf]
ljlgod ;xsf/L l;4fGt adf]lhd 5 5}g eGg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfFra'´ ug]5
{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFra'´ ubf{ pko'St b]v]df /lhi6«f/n] ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ u/L tf]lsP
adf]lhd btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbg]5 .
^= btf{ ug{ c:jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] M
-!_ bkmf % sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hfFra'´ ubf{ /lhi6«f/n] s'g} s'/f ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ b]v]df kGw|
lbgleq ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{ cfj]bg lbg] JolQmx¿nfO{ ;+zf]wgsf nflu ;"rgf lbg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf cg';f/ ;+zf]wg ug{ cfj]bsx¿n] c:jLsf/ u/]df jf To:tf] ;"rgf
kfPsf] ldltn] k}+tL; lbg leq ;+zf]wg gu/]df /lhi6«f/n] ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{ c:jLsf/ ug{
;Sg]5 / btf{ ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0f vf]nL ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt cfj]bsx¿nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd /lhi6«f/n] ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf]df lrQ ga'‰g] cfj]bsn]
g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf ph'/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&= ;+:+yf jf ;++3 ;+ul7t ;+:yf x''g] M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 cljlR5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t ;+:yf x'g5
] .
-@_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;a} sfdsf] lgldQ cfˆgf] Pp6f 5'§} 5fk x'g5
] .
-#_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] JolSt ;/x rn crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{, pkef]u ug{ / s'g} k|sf/n] aGbf]j:t ug{
;Sg]5 .
2
-$_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] JolSt ;/x cfˆgf] gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ ug{ / ;f] pk/ klg ;f]xL gfdaf6 gfln;
ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .
*= ;+:+yf jf ;+3+sf] bfloTj ;Lldt x''g] M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] bfloTj ;Lldt x'g5
] .
-@_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] gfddf æ;xsf/LÆ / gfdsf] cGtdf ælnld6]8Æ eGg] zAb /xg]5 .
kl/R5]]b – #
;+:yf jf ;+3+sf] ;b:otf
(= ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf M
-!_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf g]kfnL gful/sx¿ ;+:yfsf] ;b:o x'g ;Sg] 5g\ M–
-s_ ;+:yf btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbg] JolQmx¿,
-v_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; u/]sf bkmf @# adf]lhd laqmL ePsf] z]o/ v/Lb u/L ;+:yfsf]
;]jf k|fKt ug{ rfxg], ;b:otfsf] lhDd]jf/L axg ug{ :jLsf/ ug]{ / ljlgoddf plNnlvt
zt{x¿ k"/f ug]{ JolQmx¿,
-u_ bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd laqmL ePsf] z]o/ v/Lb ug]{ lgsfox¿ .
-@_ ;+:yfsf] ;b:o x'g rfxg] JolQmn] ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;ldltn] ;b:otf k|bfg ug{ c:jLsf/ u/]sf] v08df lgj]bsn] ;fwf/0f ;ef ;dIf ph'/ ug{
;Sg]5 / ;f] ;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g5
] .
-$_ clgjfo{ jrt z]o/ k"FhLdf kl/0ft eO{ z]o/ ;b:o x'g k'u]sf JolQmx¿n] jrt /sd lkmtf{
kfPkl5 pgLx¿sf] ;b:otf :jtM x6g]5 .
!)= ;++3sf] ;b:otfM
-!_ ljifout ;+3x¿df ;f] ;+3sf] sfo{If]q leqsf ;DalGwt ljifout ;+:yfx¿n] ;+3sf] ljlgoddf
ePsf] Joj:yf cg'¿k ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-@_ lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3df ;f] ;+3sf] ljlgoddf ePsf] Joj:yf cg'¿k ;DalGwt lhNnf leqsf
;a} ;+:yfx¿ tyf ljifout ;+3x¿ ;b:o x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-#_ s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3df ;f] ;+3sf] ljlgoddf ePsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ljifout ;+:yfx¿ tyf
ljifout ;+3x¿ ;b:o x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-$_ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3df ;j} ;+3x¿ tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] ljlgoddf pNn]v eP
adf]lhdsf cGo lgsfox¿ ;b:o x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-%_ ;DalGwt ;+3df bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd laqmL ePsf] z]o/ v/Lb ug]{ lgsfox¿
;b:o x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
!!= ;b:otfsf] ;dflKt M ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;b:otf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;dfKt x'g5
] .
kl/R5]b – $
sfo{ ;+rfng ljlw
!@= ljlgod M
3
-!_ of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;+rfng
ug{ ljlgod agfpg ;Sg]5 . o;/L agfOPsf] ljlgod /lhi6«f/n] :jLs[t u/]kl5 nfu" x'g]5 .
-@_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;+rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgod adf]lhd x'g5
] .
-#_ ljlgoddf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, sfo{If]q, p2]Zo, ;+rfng ljlw tyf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf
cGo ljj/0fx¿ v'nfOPsf] x'g' kg]5
{ .
-$_ ljlgodsf] ;+zf]wg ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{ ltxfO{
ax'dtn] ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] ljlgod /lhi6«f/n] :jLs[t u/] kl5 nfu" x'g]5 .
!#= ;fwf/0f ;ef M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] Ps ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g5
] .
-@_ ;+:yfsf ;a} ;b:ox¿ ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;b:o x'g5
] g\ .
-#_ ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf ljlgoddf pNn]v ul/P adf]lhdsf ;b:ox¿ /xg]5g\ .
!$= ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd, st{JJ{ o / clwsf/ M ;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ b]xfoadf]lhd x'g5
] M–
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] jflif{s lx;fa hfFr u/L cg'df]bg ug]{ .
-v_ ;+rfns ;ldlt tyf n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ tyf s'g} ;+rfnsnfO{ x6fpg] jf ;ldlt
lj36g ug]{ ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug]{ .
-u_ ;+rfns ;ldlt tyf n]vf ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg dfly 5nkmn ug]{ / lgb]{zg lbg] .
-3_ ljlgod ;+zf]wg ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug]{ .
-ª_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljefhg jf cGo ;+:yf jf ;+3;+u PsLs/0f jf lj36g ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug]{ .
!%= ;fwf/0f ;efsf] a}7s M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] btf{ ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgfleq k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] 5 dlxgfleq k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef
af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg ;lsg]5 .
-$_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] a}7ssf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 . t/ ljlgod ;+zf]wg ug'{ kbf{
;fwf/0f ;efsf] s"n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] PsfpGg k|ltzt ;b:ox¿sf] pkl:ylt cfjZos x'g5
] .
!^= ;+rfns ;ldlt M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] Ps ;+rfns ;ldlt x'g]5 .
-@_ ;ldltsf] u7g Pj+ sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ ;ldltsf] sfof{jlw kfFr jif{df ga9\g] u/L ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g5
] .
-$_ ;ldltn] cfˆgf] sfof{jlw ;dfKt x'g' cufj} gofF ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;doleq ;ldltn] lgjf{rg gu/fPdf s'g} klg ;b:on] ;f] sf] hfgsf/L
/lhi6«f/nfO{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L k|fKt ePdf jf gePdf klg ;ldltsf] sfof{jlw ;dfKt ePsf]
ldltn] 5 dlxgf leq /lhi6«f/n] ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -$_ jf -^_ adf]lhd gofF ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg geP;Dd ;fljss} ;ldltn] ljlgoddf
Joj:yf ePadf]lhd sfo{ ;+rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 .
4
!&= n]]vf ;ldlt M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] Pshgf ;+of]hs ;d]t tLghgf ;b:o ePsf] Pp6f n]vf ;ldlt
lgjf{rgåf/f u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ n]vf ;ldltn] lgoldt ¿kdf ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpg / ;ldltnfO{ ;'´fj lbg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ n]vf ;ldltn] cfˆgf] n]vf ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*= ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] lgisf;g jf ;ldltsf] lj36g M
-!_ ;ldltsf] s'g} lgjf{lrt ;b:onfO lgisf;g ug'{ kg]{ jf ;ldltnfO{ lj36g ug'{ kg]{ cf}lrTo 5
egL ;fwf/0f ;efsf kfFr k|ltzt ;b:ox¿n] sf/0f vf]nL ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z u/]sf] k|:tfjnfO{
;fwf/0f ;efsf] ax'dtn] kfl/t u/]df To:tf] ;ldltsf] ;b:onfO{ lgisf;g ug{ jf ;ldltnfO{
lj36g ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;ldltsf] s'g} ;b:onfO{ lgisf;g ul/Pdf To;/L lgisf;g ul/Psf]
;b:osf] 7fpFdf ;fwf/0f ;efn] afFsL cjlwsf nflu csf]{ ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ug]5
{ .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;ldlt lj36g ePdf ;fwf/0f ;efn] gofF ;ldltsf] lgjf{rgsf] Joj:yf
ug]{5 .
-$_ n]vf ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] lgisf;g jf n]vf ;ldltsf] lj36gsf] ;DaGwdf klg pkbkmf -!_, -@_ /
-#_ df pNn]v ul/Psf] ;a} Joj:yfx¿ nfu" x'g]5g\ .
!(= pk;ldltx¿ M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] lgldQ ;ldltn] ljlgoddf
Joj:yf eP adf]lhd pk;ldltx¿ u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g x'g] pk;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf sfo{ljlw ljlgoddf
Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)= sd{r
{ f/L tyf ;Nnfxsf/x¿sf] lgo'l' Qm M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfo{ ;+rfngsf] lgldQ ;ldltn] cfjZostfcg';f/ sd{rf/L tyf ;Nnfxsf/sf]
lgo'lQm ;fwf/0f ;efn] cg'df]bg u/]sf] k|s[of adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm ePsf sd{rf/L tyf ;Nnfxsf/sf] kfl/>lds tyf ;]jfsf cGo
zt{x¿ ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgoddf pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
kl/R5]b – %
/lhi6«f/
@!= /lhi6«f/sf] lgo'l' Qm M
-!_ of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf lgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{ tyf tf]lsP
adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x¿ ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] Pshgf /lhi6«f/sf] lgo'lQm ug]5
{ .
-@_ /lhi6«f/sf] kfl/>lds tyf ;]jfsf cGo zt{x¿ tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g5
] .
@@= clwsf/ k||Tofof]]hg M of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t jg]sf] lgod adf]lhd /lhi6«f/nfO{ k|fKt
clwsf/x¿dWo] ;a} jf s'g} clwsf/ /lhi6«f/n] cfkm" d'lgsf s'g} clws[tnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
5
kl/R5]b – ^
cfly{s ;||f]t / kl/rfng
@#= z]o/ laqmL ug]{ M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] sfo{ If]qleqsf ;b:o x'g ;Sg] JolQmx¿, ;b:ox¿ tyf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf
cGo lgsfox¿nfO{ z]o/ laqmL u/L z]o/ k"FhL ;+sng ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3 -OG6/g]zgn sf]ck/]l6e
PnfPG;_ sf] ;b:o /x]sf] ljb]zL ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ s"n z]o/ k"FhLsf] a9Ldf aL; k|ltzt
z]o/ laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfn] z]o/ laqmL ubf{ Ps} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ s"n z]o/ k"FhLsf] aL;
k|ltztdf ga9\g] u/L laqmL ug'{ kg]5
{ . t/ of] aGb]h g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf] ;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-$_ ;b:on] hlt;'s} z]o/ v/Lb u/]sf] ePtfklg ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfo{ ;+rfngdf Ps JolQm Ps
dtsf] cfwf/df dfq dt lbg kfpg]5 .
@$= C0fkq hf/L ug{ / C0f lng ;Sg] M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] C0fkq hf/L ug{ / :jb]zL jf ljb]zL a}s
+ jf
cGo lgsfoaf6 C0f lng ;Sg]5 . t/ C0fkq hf/L ug'{ jf ljb]zL a}+sjf6 C0f lng' cl3 g]kfn
;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]5
{ .
@%= C0f ln+bf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;'/' If0f k|f| Kt ug{ ;Sg] M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] C0fkq hf/L ubf{ C0fkqdf jf ljb]zL a}s
+ jf cGo lgsfosf] C0fdf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] ;'/If0f k|fKt ug{ rfx]df To;sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd k/]sf] lgj]bg pk/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljrf/ u/L pko'Qm b]v]df To:tf] C0fkq
jf C0fdf ;'/If0f k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L ;'/If0f k|bfg ubf{ To:tf] C0fkq jf C0fsf]
e'QmfgLsf] ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos zt{ tyf aGb]h tf]lslbg ;Sg]5 / ;f]xL zt{ tyf
aGb]hsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+:yf jf ;+3n] C0fkq jf C0fsf] e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
@^= a+l} sË sf/f]j] f/ ug{ ;Sg] M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf ;b:ox¿af6 art lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{ / cfˆgf ;b:ox¿nfO{ shf{ lbg
;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt sf/f]af/ afx]s cfˆgf ;b:ox¿leq dfq l;ldt /xg]
u/L lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug]{ / shf{ lbg] nufotsf cGo a}lsË sf/f]af/ ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}s
+ sf] k"j{
:jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . o:tf ;+:yf jf ;+3n] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{ tyf lbPsf] lgb]{zg
kfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ of] P]g k|f/De x'g'eGbf cl3 btf{ e} sf/f]af/ u/]sf ;+:yf jf ;+3n] of] P]g k|f/De ePsf] ldltn]
Ps jif{leq pkbkmf -!_ jf pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd sf/f]af/ ;Grfng ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ o; P]gdf cGoq h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+:yf jf ;+3x¿ ldnL Ps ;xsf/L a}s
+ sf]
:yfkgf ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd a}s
+ sf] :yfkgfsf] nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}s
+ sf] l;kmfl/; ;lxt b/vf:t k]z x'g
cfPdf /lhi6«f/n] cfjZos hfFra'´ u/L To:tf] a}+s btf{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd btf{ e} :yfkgf ePsf] a}+sn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] :jLs[lt k|bfg u/]sf] a}+s
tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# cGtu{tsf a}lsË sf/f]af/ ;Grfng ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f] a}s
+ n]
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] zt{ / ;do ;dodf lbPsf] lgb]{zg kfng ug'{ kg]5
{ .
6
@&= artsf] ljt/0f M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] s'g} jif{sf] v"b artsf] 36Ldf Ps rf}yfO{ /sd hu]8f sf]ifdf hDdf u/]kl5 afFsL
/xg cfPsf] /sd dWo]af6 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf sf]ifx¿ v8f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ hu]8f sf]if afx]ssf c¿ sf]ifx¿ dWo]af6 tL sf]ifsf] p2]Zo adf]lhd ljlgoddf plNnlvt
xb;Ddsf] nfef+z jf af]g; ljt/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 . t/ Ps jif{sf] z]o/ nfef+zsf] /sd z]o/
k"FhLsf] kGw| k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
@*= cfly{{s ;xof]u ug{ gx''g] M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] s'g} /fhg}lts bn jf wd{ jf ;Dk|bfosf nflu sfo{ ug]{
;+3 ;+:yfnfO{ rGbf lbg jf cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] cfly{s ;xof]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
@(= 7]Ssf k§f lbg gx''g] M
;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] ;ldlt jf n]vf ;ldltsf] s'g} ;b:onfO{ jf cfˆgf] sd{rf/LnfO{ ;+:yf jf
;+3sf] 7]Ssf k§f lbg' x'Fb}g .
#)= ;b:osf] z]o] / jf xs lnnfd laqmL gx'g] M ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] d"nwgsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] s'g} ;b:osf]
z]o/ jf xs ;f]xL ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] C0f jf bfloTj afx]s cGo s'g} C0f jf bfloTj afkt lnnfd
laqmL ul/g] 5}g .
kl/R5]]b – &
PsLs/0f jf ljefhg
#!= PsLs/0f jf ljefhg ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L ;+:yfx¿ cfk;df ufeL PsLs/0f ug{ jf
Ps ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ b'O{ jf b'Oe
{ Gbf a9L ;+:yf jf ;+3df ljefhg ug{ ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf]
;fwf/0f ;efsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] x'g' kg]5
{ . o:tf] lg0f{o ubf{ PsLs/0f /
ljefhgsf zt{ / sfo{ljlwx¿ ;d]t vf]lnPsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{osf] cfwf/df /lhi6«f/n] ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] PsLs/0f jf ljefhg
ug]{5 .
kl/R5]b – *
;"rgf, clen]v tyf lx;fa hfFFr
#@= lg0f{osf] clen]v /fVg] M k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] cfˆgf] ;fwf/0f ;ef, ;ldlt, n]vf ;ldlt tyf
pk;ldltx¿sf] a}7s tyf ltgLx¿n] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfO{x¿sf] cBfjlws clen]v /fVg' kg]5
{ .
##= n]v
] f tyf cGo clen]v M k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfkm"n] u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/x¿sf] n]vfsf] clen]v
tyf cGo cfjZos clen]vx¿ tf]lsPadf]lhd /fVg' kg]5
{ .
#$= ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M
k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] k|To]s jif{ sf/f]af/sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg tyf n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] ;fy}
b]xfosf ljj/0fx¿ ;dfj]z ePsf] k|ltj]bg tf]lsPsf] ;doleq /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clwsf/L
;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ art ljt/0f ;DaGwL to u/]sf] gLlt tyf of]hgf,
-v_ ;+rfnsx¿sf] gfd tyf afFsL sfof{jlwsf] ;"rL,
7
-u_ ;fwf/0f ;efsf] a}7ssf] lgwf{l/t ldlt, /
-3_ ;do ;dodf /lhi6«f/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo ljj/0f .
#%= ;f]]wk''5 ug{ ;Sg] M
-!_ s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3n] ;Gtf]ifhgs sfd u/]sf] 5}g egL ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] slDtdf kfFr k|ltzt
;b:on] lgj]bg lbPdf /lhi6«f/n] cfkm} uO{ ;f]wk'5 ug{ jf s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ lnlvt ¿kdf
clwsf/ lbO{ ;f]wk'5 u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] Jofj;flos sf/f]af/ ;Gtf]ifhgs gnfu]df /lhi6«f/n] ;f]wk'5 ug{ jf s'g}
clwsf/Låf/f ;f]wk'5 u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ kfPsf] clwsf/Ln] ;f]wk'5 ubf{ dfu]sf]
hfgsf/L lbO{ ;a} t/xaf6 ;xof]u ug'{ ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] k|To]s ;b:o / sd{rf/Lsf] st{Jo
x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] ;f]wk'5sf] kl/0ffdsf] ;"rgf ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO
lnlvt¿kdf lbOg]5 .
#^= lg/LIf0f ug{ / ;'´'fj lbg ;Sg] M
-!_ /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f ubf{ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod adf]lhd
ePsf] gkfOPdf ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] P]g, lgod jf ljlgod adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ug{ cfjZos
;'´fj lbg ;Sg]5 .
#&= lx;fa hfFr M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] lx;fa hfFr ;f] cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] tLg dxLgfleq
/lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clwsf/Ln] :jLs[lt lbPsf] s'g} btf{jfnf n]vfk/LIfsåf/f u/fpg' kg]5
{
.
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg /lhi6«f/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf
;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] btf{jfnf n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm u/L ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lx;fa hfFr u/fpg
;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm ubf{ Pp6} JolQm jf sDkgLnfO{ nuftf/ tLg k6s eGbf
a9L lgo'Qm ug{ ;lsg]5}g .
-$_ lx;fa hfFrsf] k|ltj]bg ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z u/L cg'df]bg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhd ;fwf/0f ;efdf lx;fa hfFr k|ltj]bg k]z x'bF f ;fwf/0f ;efn] cg'df]bg
gu/]df ;fwf/0f ;efn] csf]{ n]vfk/LIfs lgo'Qm u/L hfFra'´ jf k'gM lx;fa hfFr u/fpg
;Sg]5 .
-^_ n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds / ;'ljwf ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]lhd x'g5
] .
kl/R5]b – (
;+:+yf jf ;+3+nfO 5'6 / ;'ljwf
#*= ;+:yf jf ;+3+nfO{ 5'6 / ;'ljwf M
-!_ k|rlnt sfg'gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] 5'6 /
;'ljwf k|fKt x'g]5M–
8
s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] crn ;DklQ afx]s sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL s'g} lnvt /lhi6«]zg ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{ 5}g .
-v_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] u/]sf] crn ;DklQsf] n]gb]g jf v/Lb laqmL ;DaGwL sfuhkq jf s'g} lsl;dsf]
lnvtdf cfo l6s6 b:t'/ jf /lhi6]z
« g b:t'/ nfUg] 5}g .
-u_ _ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ j:t'x¿df :yfgLo s/ nfUg] 5}g .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] k|of]usf] nflu cfoft
ug]{ d]zLg/L, cf}Bf]lus tyf s[lifoGq, pks/0f, kf6{kh
' f{, sRrf kbfy{, sfof{no pks/0f tyf
9'jfgLsf ;fwgx¿df nfUg] eG;f/ dx;'n jf laqmLs/ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd k"/} jf cf+lzs
¿kdf 5'6 lbg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sflzt u/L s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3n] pTkfbg u/]sf]
dfn;fdfgdf nfUg] cGtMz'Ns jf laqmLs/ k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd k"/} jf cf+lzs ¿kdf 5'6
lbg]5 .
-$_ cf}Bf]lus Joj;fo ug]{ ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO pkbkmf -!_, -@_ / -#_ df plNnlvt 5'6x¿sf cltl/Qm
k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd pBf]ux¿n] kfP ;/xsf] cGo 5'6 ;'ljwf / ;+/If0f ;d]t k|fKt x'g5
] .
#(= ;+:+yf jf ;+3+sf] afFsL aSof}tf c;"n pk/ ug]{] M
s'g} JolQmn] ;+:yf jf ;+3af6 k|fKt u/]sf] C0f jf ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO ltg'{ kg]{ afFsL aSof}tf, ;+:yf jf
;+3sf] lxgfldgf u/]sf] ;DklQsf] lauf] / ;f] /sdx¿df nfu]sf] Aofh ;d]t ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfkm} jf
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] l;kmfl/;df /lhi6«f/n] lghsf] hfo h]yfaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{
lnnfd laqmL u/L c;"n pk/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$)= ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cu|flwsf/ kfpg] M
s'g} ;b:on] ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO ltg'{ kg]{ /sd glt/]df To:tf] ;b:osf] hfoh]yfdf g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
s'g} xs bfjL eP To;sf] lgldQ /sd k/ ;f/L afFsL /xg cfPsf] /sddf ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cu|flwsf/
kfpg]5 .
kl/R5]b – !)
;+:+yf jf ;+3+sf] lj36g / btf{ vf/]hL
$!= ;+:+yf jf ;+3+sf] lj36g / btf{ vf/]h]hL M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efsf] s"n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtn] ;+:yf jf ;+3 lj36g
ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o ;lxtsf] lgj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt
JolQmn] To:tf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ bkmf #% sf] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd ;f]wk'5 ubf{ jf bkmf #^ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f ubf{ s'g} ;+:yf jf
;+3 nuftf/ b'O{ jif{;Dd s'g} sf/f]af/ gu/L lg:s[o cj:yfdf /x]sf] kfOPdf jf s'g} ;+:yf jf
;+3åf/f cfˆgf] p2]Zo ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]sf] kfO{Pdf /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt JolStn]
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L btf{ vf/]h ePdf ;+:yf jf ;+3 lj36g x'g5
] /
btf{sf] k|df0fkq :jtM /2 x'g]5 .
$@= lnSjL8]6/sf] lgo'l' Qm M
9
-!_ bkmf $! adf]lhd s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3 lj36g ePdf ;f] ;DaGwL s'/fsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ /lhi6«f/ jf
lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmn] Ps hgf lnSjL8]6/ lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-@_ lnSjL8]6/sf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ / kfl/>lds tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g5
] .
kl/R5]]b – !!
b08 hl/jfgf
$#= ljj/0f bflvnf gug]n
{ fO{ hl/jfgf M
-!_ bkmf #$ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg k]z gug]{ jf bkmf #% sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L glbg]
;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ /lhi6«f/sf] cfb]zn] Psxhf/ kfFr;o ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g5
] .
$$= ;xsf/L zAb k|of]]u u/L Jofkf/ ug]{]nfO{ hl/jfgf M
o; P]g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 afx]s bkmf $^ sf] alv{nfk x'g] u/L Aofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{
JolQmnfO{ /lhi6«f/sf] cfb]zn] b'Ox{ hf/ ?k}ofF;Dd h/Ljfgf x'g5
] . Psk6s hl/jfgf ePkl5 To:tf]
JolQmn] ;f]xL bkmfsf] alv{nfk x'g] u/L k'gM Aofkf/ jf Joj;fo u/]sf] 7xl/Pdf bf];|f] k6s b]lv k|To]s
k6ssf] nflu kfFrxhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd hl/jfgf x'g5
] .
$%= k''g/fj]]bg ug{ ;Sg] M bkmf $! sf] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/k|fKt JolQmn] s'g}
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ vf/]h u/]sf]df jf bkmf $# jf bkmf $$ adf]lhd /lhi6«f/n] u/]sf] cfb]zdf
lrQ ga'‰g] ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf JolQmn] k}+tL; lbgleq k'g/fj]bg cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg ug{
;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]]b – !@
ljljw
$^= ;xsf/L zAb jf ;f] zAbsf] ¿kfGt/ k|of]]u ug{{df aGb]]h M
o; P]g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 afx]s c¿ s'g} JolQm, kmd{ jf ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] gfddf
;xsf/L zAb jf ;f] zAbsf] c+u|]hL ¿kfGt/ /fvL Aofkf/ jf Joj;fo ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
$&= sDkgL P]g, @)@! nfu" gx'g] M
o; P]g cGtu{t btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] xsdf sDkgL P]g, @)@! nfu" x'g] 5}g .
$*= lgod agfpg] clwsf/ M
-!_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos lgodx¿ agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ n] lbPsf] clwsf/sf] ;j{;fdfGotfdf k|lts"n c;/ gkg]{ u/L vf; u/L b]xfosf
ljifox¿df lgodx¿ agfpg ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{sf] nflu b/vf:t / k|df0f kqsf] 9fFrf tf]Sg] .
-v_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;ef / ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] clwsf/ / sfo{ljlwsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
-u_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] cfly{s ;|ft] sf] Joj:yf / kl/rfng ug]{ .
-3_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] /]vb]v tyf lg/LIf0f ug],{ u/fpg] .
$(= vf/]hL / arfp M
-!_ ;f´f ;+:yf P]g, @)$! vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
-@_ ;f´f ;+:yf P]g, @)$! cGtu{t btf{ ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 o;} P]g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] dflgg]5 .+
10
cg';'rL – #
;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$(
g]kfn /fhkqdf k|sflzt ldlt
@)$(÷!!÷!*
;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf $* n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L g]kfn ;/sf/n] b]xfosf lgodx¿ agfPsf]
5.
!=
;+lI+ fKt gfd / k|f/DeM
-!_ oL lgodx¿sf] gfd æ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$(Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] lgodfjnL t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@=
kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;u+ n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df of] lgodfjnLdf,–
-s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* ;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æJoj:yfksÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] Joj:yfks ;Demg' k5{ .
#=
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ M P]gsf] bkmf $ adf]lhd ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{sf] nflu /lhi6«f/ ;dIf
cg';"rL – #=! sf] 9f“rfdf b/vf:t lbg'kg]{ 5 .
$=
btf{{sf] lgldQ k||fyldstf M ;+3sf] btf{sf] nflu PseGbf a9L lgj]bg k/]df l/tk"j{s btf{ ePsf]
klxnf] lgj]bgnfO{ k|fyldstf lbOg]5 .
%=
btf{s
{ f] k|df0fkq M P]gsf] bkmf % adf]lhd /lhi6«f/n] ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ btf{sf] k|df0fkq lb+bf
cg';"rL– #=@ sf] 9f“rfdf lbg' kg]{5 .
^= ;b:otf sfod g/xg] M
-!_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;b:otf sfod /xg] 5}g M–
-s_ ;b:on] ;ldlt ;dIf k]z u/]sf] lnlvt /fhLgfdf :jLs[t ePdf,
-v_ ;b:otfsf] nflu ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf g/x]df,
-u_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 lj36g ePdf . t/ s'g} ;b:on] ;+:yf jf ;+3af6 k|fKt u/]sf] C0f
jf ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ ltg'{ kg]{ af“sL aSof}tf e'QmfgL ug{ af“sL /x]5 eg] To:tf] ;b:on] / To:tf]
;b:osf] tkm{af6 lwtf] jf hdfgt a:g] c¿ s'g} ;b:on] ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;b:otfaf6
/fhLgfdf ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;b:otf ;dfKt ePsf] JolQmn] k'gM ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ rfx]df To:tf]
;b:otf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] Ps jif{kl5 dfq ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3df lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
&= z]o/ lkmtf{ lng] M lgod ^ adf]lhd s'g} ;b:osf] ;b:otf sfod g/x]df lghn] z]o/ vl/b u/L
;+:yf jf ;+3df nufgL u/]sf] /sd ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .
*=
z]o/sf] gfd;f/L M
-!_ s'g} ;b:osf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ / ;+:yf jf ;+3af6 lghnfO{ k|fKt x'g] xs
lghn] lgod ( adf]lhd dgf]gLt u/]sf] s'g} xsjfnf eP ;f] xsjfnf / To:tf] xsjfnf geP
1
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L u/L lbg' kg]5
{ . t/ To:tf] xsjfnfdf
;b:otf k|fKt ug{sf] nflu ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] of]Uotf gePdf ;b:osf] d[To' ePsf] ldltn] ^
dlxgfleq ;b:otfsf] nflu of]Uo s'g} xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L u/L kfp“ egL b/vf:t lbg
;Sg]5 / To:tf]df ;f] xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L u/L lbg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd d[t ;b:osf] xs xsjfnfn] gfd;f/L u/fO lng grfx]df lghn] kfpg]
z]o/ /sd To:tf] xsjfnfnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg d[t ;b:osf] xsjfnf gfaflns /x]5
jf lghsf] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls /x]g5 eg] d[t ;b:on] kfpg] z]o/ /sd slDtdf b'O{ hgf
;fIfLsf] /f]xj/df To:tf] xsjfnfsf] ;+/IfsnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg' kg]5
{ .
(=
xsjfnf dgf]]gLt ug]{] M
-!_ xsjfnf dgf]gLt ubf{ sDtLdf b'O{ hgf ;fIfLsf] /f]xj/df lnvt tof/ u/L ug'{ kg]5
{ / To:tf]
lnvtdf dgf]gLt ug]{ ;b:o / ;fIfLx¿n] ;xL5fk ;d]t u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd xsjfnf dgf]gLt ug]{ ;b:on] PseGbf a9L z]o/ glnPsf] cj:yfdf
Pp6f JolQmnfO{ dfq xsjfnf dgf]gLt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ s'g} ;b:on] pklgod -@_ sf] clwgdf /xL PseGbf a9L JolQmx¿nfO{ xsjfnf dgf]gLt u/]sf]df
To:tf k|To]s JolQmnfO{ x:tfGt/0f x'g] z]o/ / xssf] bfdf;fxL :ki6 ¿kn] lnvtdf v'nfpg'
kg]{5 .
!)= k|f| /lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] btf{ ePsf] ldltn] tLg dlxgf
leq k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfOPsf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;b:on] To:tf] ;ef
af]nfpg /lhi6«f/ ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf jf To:tf] lgj]bg glbPdf klg pklgod -!_ df tf]lsPsf]
Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbg leq /lhi6«f/n] jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] JolQmn] To:tf] ;ef
af]nfpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] %) k|ltzt ;b:ox¿sf] pkl:ylt ePdf k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f
;ef ;+rfng ug{ u0fk"/s ;+Vof k'u]sf] dflgg]5 .
-$_ k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;efn] b]xfosf sfo{x¿ ug]5
{ M–
-s_ ;efsf] ;efkltsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ .
-v_ cl3Nnf] lbg;Ddsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] x/lx;fasf] hfgsf/L lng] .
-u_ ;efdf k]z ePsf k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg dfly 5nkmn ug]{ / lgb]{zg lbg] .
-3_ ljlgoddf tf]lsP adf]lhd ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ .
!!= jflif{s
{ ;fwf/0f ;ef M
-!_ k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ^ dlxgfleq k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef
af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef gaf]nfOPsf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;b:on] To:tf] ;ef
af]nfpg /lhi6«f/ ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf jf To:tf] lgj]bg glbPdf klg pklgod -!_ df tf]lsPsf]
Dofb ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq /lhi6«f/n] jf lghn] tf]s]sf] JolQmn] To:tf] ;ef
af]nfpg ;Sg]5 .
2
-#_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof To:tf] ;efsf] s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] xsdf kRrL; k|ltzt
jf !# hgfdf h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL / ;+3sf] xsdf krf; k|ltzt x'g]5 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg ;ef ;+rfngsf] nflu klxnf] k6s u0fk"/s
;+Vof gk'uL bf];f| ] k6s ;ef af]nfpg' k/]sf] cj:yfdf slDtdf ;ft lbgsf] csf]{ ;"rgf lbg'
kg]5
{ / To;/L bf];f| ] k6s af]nfOPsf] ;efsf] u0fk"/s ;+Vof s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ;+:yfsf] xsdf
!% k|ltzt jf P3f/ hgfdf h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL / ;+3sf] xsdf rfnL; k|ltzt x'g]5 .
-%_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;efkltTj ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug]5
{ / cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf pkl:yt
;b:ox¿n] cfkm"dWo]af6 5fg]sf] ;b:on] ;efsf] ;efkltTj ug]{5 .
-^_ jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efdf 5nkmn ul/g] ;a} ljifox¿ k|:tfjsf] ¿kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf]
k|:tfj ;efdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] jx'dtaf6 lg0f{o ul/g]5 . dt a/fa/ ePdf ;efkltn]
lg0ff{os dt lbg]5 .
!@= ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef M
-!_ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cj:yfdf ;ldltn] ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ ;+:yf
jf ;+3sf] ljz]if;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lx;fa lstfasf] hf“ra'em ubf{ s'g} sf/0fn] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg
cfjZos b]vd
] f To;sf] sf/0f ;d]t vf]nL n]vfk/LIfsn] ;ldlt ;dIf lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df, jf
-v_ P]gsf] bkmf !& adf]lhdsf] n]vf ;ldlt jf bkmf !( adf]lhdsf] pk;ldltn] s'g} ljz]if sfdsf]
nflu ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg cfjZos b]vd
] f To;sf] sf/0f ;d]t vf]nL ;ldlt ;dIf
lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df, jf
-u_ s'g} ;+rfnsn] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg cfjZos 5 egL sf/0f vf]nL ;ldlt ;dIf k]z
u/]sf] k|:tfj ;ldltåf/f kfl/t ePdf, jf
-3_ ;+:yfsf] xsdf s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] sDtLdf bz k|ltzt jf bz hgfdWo] h'g a9L x'G5 Tolt
;b:on] / ;+3sf] xsdf aL; k|ltzt ;b:on] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg' kg]{ sf/0f v'nfO
lgj]bg lbPdf .
-@_ ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] u0fk'/s ;+Vof s'n ;b:o ;+Vofsf] ;+:yfsf] xsdf kGw| k|ltzt jf P3f/
hgfdf h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL / ;+3sf] xsdf rfnL; k|ltzt x'g]5 .
-#_ ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] ;efkltTj ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug]5
{ / cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf pkl:yt
;b:ox¿n] cfkm"dWo]af6 5fg]sf] ;b:on] ;efsf] ;efkltTj ug]{5 .
-$_ ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ul/g] ;a} ljifonfO{ k|:tfjsf] ¿kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / To:tf] k|:tfj
;efdf pkl:ylt ;b:ox¿sf] jx'dtaf6 lg0f{o ul/g]5 . dt a/fa/ ePdf ;efkltn] lg0ff{os
dt lbg]5 .
!#= k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] M Pp6f ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] tkm{af6 csf]{ ;+:yf jf ;+3df k|ltlglwTj ug{ ;ldltn]
ljlgoddf tf]lsPsf] zt{sf] clwgdf /xL ;b:ox¿dWo]af6 Ps hgf k|ltlglw dgf]gLt ug]{5 .
!$= ljj/0f v'nn
' n
' fpg] M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] ljlgod agfp“bf cg';r
" L # df n]lvPsf ljj/0fx¿sf] cfwf/df
agfpg' kg]{5 .
!%= /lhi6«f/sf] lgo'l' Qm M
-!_ ;xsf/L ljefusf] /lhi6«f/nfO{ g} /lhi6«f/sf] ¿kdf sfd ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgo'Qm ug]5
{ /
To;/L lgo'lQm ubf{ lghfdtL ;]jfsf] s'g >]0fL ;/x x'g] xf] ;f] ;d]t v'nfpg' kg]{5 .
3
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lgo'lQm x'g] /lhi6«f/sf] kfl/>lds g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lghfdtL ;]jfsf
;dfg >]0fLsf] sd{rf/Ln] kfP ;/x x'g5
] .
!^= /lhi6«ff/sf] sfd / st{JJ{ o M
/lhi6«f/sf] sfd / st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g5
] M–
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{ ug{sf] nflu k/]sf] b/vf:t pk/ cfjZos hf“ra'em u/L ;+:yf jf ;+3 btf{
ug]{ / btf{sf] k|df0fkq lbg] .
-v_ P]g / lgodsf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] sfo{ ;+rfng ug{ agfPsf] ljlgod :jLs[t
ug]{ .
-u_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg] .
-3_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] PsLs/0f jf ljefhg ug]{ .
-ª_ ;do–;dodf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lg/LIf0f ug]{ .
-r_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 ;DaGwL sfo{ k|j4{g ug{ ltgLx¿sf] k|zf;sLo sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;~rfngdf
;dGjo ug]{ tyf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lx;fa hf“r ug]{, u/fpg] .
!&= ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sf]if M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] Pp6f 5'§} sf]if x'g5
] / ;f] sf]ifdf b]xfosf /sdx¿ /xg] 5g\ .
-s_ C0f nufot ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfh{g u/]sf ;a} lsl;dsf] cfDbfgL,
-v_ g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd,
-u_ ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt /sd,
-3_ s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3n] z]o/ ljqmL u/] jfkt k|fKt /sd / ;b:otf jfkt k|fKt z'Ns,
-ª_ cGo ;|ft] af6 k|fKt /sd .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifsf] /sd ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{df vr{ ul/g]5 .
-#_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 C0f tyf cg'bfg /sd k|fKt ug'{
cl3 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]5
{ .
-$_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yf jf ;+3nfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a} /sd g]kfnleqsf] s'g} a}+sdf ;+:yf,
;+3sf] gfddf vftf vf]nL hDdf ul/g] 5 .
-%_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifsf] vftfsf] ;~rfng ;ldltn] tf]ss
] f] ;~rfns / Joj:yfkssf]
;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 .
!*= z]]o/ laqmL ug{ ;Sg] M P]gsf] bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yf, ;+3n] b]xfoadf]lhdsf
lgsfox¿nfO{ klg z]o/ ljqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf ;+:yf jf lgsfox¿,
-v_ ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3;“u cfly{s sf/f]af/ ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx¿ .
!(= jrtsf] ljt/0f M
-!_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] s'g} jif{sf] v'b jrtaf6 P]gsf] bkmf @& sf] pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP adf]lhdsf]
/sd hu]8f sf]ifdf hDdf u/L af“sL /xg cfPsf] /sddWo]af6 b]xfosf sf]ifx¿ v8f ug{
;lsg]5 M–
-s_ z]o/ nfef+z sf]if,
-v_ ;+/lIft sf]if,
-u_ sd{rf/L jf]g; sf]if,
4
-3_ ;xsf/L lzIff sf]if,
-ª_ ;xsf/L ljsf; sf]if,
-r_ 3f6f k"lt{ sf]if,
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd v8f ul/g] sf]ifx¿df hDdf x'g] /sdsf] xb ;do–;dodf ;ldltn]
tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd v8f ul/Psf sf]ifsf] / /sd 5'§f 5'§} vftfdf /fVg' kg]5
{ / To:tf] sf]ifsf]
;+rfng ;ldltn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)= hu]8f sf]i] f M hu]8f sf]ifsf] ;+rfng / pkef]u ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g5
] .
@!= clen]v /fVg] M
-!_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] sfd sf/jfxL ;+rfng ug{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clen]vx¿ cBfjlws
¿kdf /fVg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ cg';r
" L–#=$ adf]lhdsf] ;b:o btf{ lstfa,
-v_ k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef, ;fwf/0f ;ef, ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;ldlt, n]vf ;DklQ,
pk;ldltx¿sf] 5'§f 5'§} sf/jfxL lstfax¿,
-u_ gubL jxL,
-3_ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] c¿ s'g} JolQm jf ;+:yf jf ;+3;“u s'g} sf/f]jf/ u/]sf] eP ;f] sf/f]jf/
b]vfpg] btf{ lstfa,
-ª_ z]o/ btf{ lstfa,
-r_ :6s btf{ lstfa,
-5_ C0f n]gb]g btf{ lstfa,
-h_ j]?h" Pj+ ;+k/LIf0f vftf,
-em_ JolQmut vftf,
-`_ cfDbfgL, vr{, ;DklQ / bfloTj ;DaGwL cnu–cnu vftfx¿,
-6_ ;do–;dodf ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] cGo clen]v Pj+ vftfx¿,
-@_ k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] cfoJoo, pTkfbg nfut tyf l:ylt ljj/0fsf] k|ltj]bg cg';r
" L–
#=% adf]lhdsf] 9f“rfdf /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@@= a+s
} jf cGo lgsfo;““u hfgsf/L dfUg] M
/lhi6«f/n] cfjZos b]vd
] f k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] n]gb]g sf/f]af/ ug]{ a}s
+ jf cGo lgsfo;“u
b]xfosf s'/fx¿ ;DaGwL hfgsf/L dfUg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ n]gb]g ;DaGwL s'g} ljj/0f,
-v_ a}s
+ jf cGo lgsfo;“u /x]sf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lx;fa lstfasf] gSsn,
-u_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] gfddf hDdf x'g] u/L e'QmfgL ul/Psf] jf ;+:yf jf ;+3n] b/lk7 u/]s]f r]sx¿,
-3_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ;DaGwL lan e/kfO{ cflb .
@#= lg/LIf0f ug]{] M
-!_ /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] h'g;'s} sfuhkqx¿ tyf
clen]vx¿ lg/LIf0f ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] lg/LIf0f ug{ lbg' ;+:yf jf ;+3sf ;+rfns ;b:o jf
sd{rf/Lsf] st{Jo x'g5
] .
5
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f u/L ;s]kl5 ;DalGwt clwsf/Ln] cfˆgf] ;'emfj ;lxt cg';r
" L
#=^ adf]lhdsf] 9f“rfdf lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf n]lvP adf]lhdsf] q'l6x¿ ;'wf/ ug{ nufpg] st{Jo /lhi6«f/sf] x'g5
] .
@$= k|lltj]]bg lbg' kg]{ M k|To]s ;+:yf jf ;+3n] P]gsf] bkmf #$ df pNn]v ePsf s'/fx¿sf] k|ltj]bg
cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] tLg dlxgfleq /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]5
{ .
@%= lnnfd laqmL ug]{ ]{ sfo{l{ljlw M
-!_ P]gsf] bkmf #( adf]lhd ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] af“sL aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmsf] hfoh]yf
lnnfd laqmL u/L c;'n pk/ ubf{ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfkm} jf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] l;kmfl/zdf
/lhi6«f/n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kg]5
{ M–
-s_ af“sL aSof}+tf ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{ 7x/ ePsf] JolQmsf] gfddf af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s k}t+ L;
lbgleq ltg{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg{ a'emfpg' cfpg' / pQm /sd lt/L a'emfO ;s]sf] eP
To;sf] k|df0f k]z ug{ cfpg' egL k"hL{ k7fpg' k5{ . o;/L Dofb k"hL{ hf/L ul/Psf]df pQm
Dofbleq ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd ltg{ a'emfpg gcfPdf jf lt/L a'emfO;s]sf] k|df0f k]z
gu/]df lghsf] gfp“df lnnfd ljqmL ug]{ ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ lwtf] /fv]sf] 3/ hUuf–hdLg dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 /f]Ssf u/fOPsf] 5}g eg] /f]Ssf ug{
nufO{ To;sf] k|df0f /fVg' kg]5
{ .
-u_ lwtf] /fv]s]f rn crn ;DklQsf] lnnfd laqmLsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{ kbf{ lwtf]sf] ljj/0f,
lghn] a'emfpg' kg]{ ;f“jf, Jofh / xh{gfsf] /sd ;d]t pNn]v u/L ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]sf]
ldltn] rn ;DklQ eP kGw| lbgleq / crn ;DklQ eP k}t+ L; lbgleq lnnfd laqmL u/L
;f“jf Jofh / xh{gfsf] /sd c;'n pk/ ul/g] af/]sf] ;"rgf :yfgLo ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt jf
gu/kflnsf / ;fj{hlgs :yfgdf 6f“; u/L :yfgLo jf /fli6«o:t/sf] s'g} Ps kqklqsfdf
k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ lnnfd ljqmL ubf{ sfof{no v'Ng] ;dob]lv z'? u/L aGb x'g] ;do eGbf Ps 306f cufl8
;dfKt ug'{ kg]{5 . lnnfd laqmL x'g] egL tf]lsPsf] lbg ljbf kg{ uPdf To;sf] ef]lnkN6
;f]xL :yfg / ;dodf lnnfd ljqmL ug'{ kg]5
{ .
-ª_ lwtf] lnnfd laqmL ubf{ lnnfd ul/g] rn crn ;DklQsf] k+rs[lt df]n sfod u/L ;f]xL
/sdaf6 8f“s j9fj9 u/L z'? ug'{ kg]{5 . 8f“s af]Ng pkl:yt eO{ 8f“s j9fj9 ug]{
JolQmx¿dWo] ;a} eGbf a9L 8f“s af]Ng] JolQmsf] gfddf lnnfd laqmL :jLs[lt ug'{kg]{5 .
-r_ 8f“s af]Ng z'? u/L j9fj9 ug]{n] 8f“s c+s af]n]kl5 ljlgodn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] 9f“rfsf]
kmf/fddf lghn] af]ns
] f] c+s :ki6 vf]nL lghsf] ;xL5fk u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ubf{ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, dfnkf]t sfof{no / lnnfd
laqmL x'g] 7fp“ ghLs s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{no eP ;f] sfof{no / :yfgLo ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt jf
gu/kflnsfsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ ;fIFL /fvL d'rN' sf u/fO lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]5
{ .
-#_ lnlvt ¿kdf cg'/f]w ubf{ klg pklgod -@_ df n]lvPsf s'g} sfof{nosf] k|ltlglw v6L gcfPdf
pkl:yt k|ltlglw / ufp“ ljsf; ;ldlt jf gu/kflnsfsf k|ltlglwnfO{ ;fIfL /fvL lnnfd laqmL
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ af“sL aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ug{ h'g JolQmsf] rn crn ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL ul/g] xf] ;f]
JolQmnfO{ lnnfd laqmL x'g] ;do / 7fp“ tf]sL pkl:yt x'g] ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 . t/ To;/L
lnnfd laqmL x'g] lbg ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQm pkl:yt gePdf klg lnnfd laqmL ug{ jfwf k'us
] f]
dflgg] 5}g .
6
@^= lnnfd laqmL :ylut ug{ ;Sg] M lnnfd laqmLsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt e};s]kl5 d'gfl;j dflkmssf] s'g}
sf/0f k/L ;f] lnnfd laqmL :ylut ug'{ kg]{ b]lvPdf lnnfd laqmLsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ug]{ ;+:yf jf
;+3 jf /lhi6«f/n] To:tf] lnnfd laqmL s]xL ;dosf] nflu :ylut ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@&= c;'n pk/ x'g g;s]sf] /sd c¿ hfoh]yfaf6 c;'n
' pk/ ug]{ M
-!_ lwtf] /fv]sf] ;DklQ lnnfd laqmL ubf{ cfPsf] /sdaf6 ;f“jf, Jofh / xh{gfsf] /sd c;'n pk/
x'g g;s]df af“sL aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmsf] xs ef]usf] g]kfnsf] h'g;'s} 7fp“df
/x]sf] ;DklQaf6 Ps jif{leq lgod @% sf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ lnnfd laqmL u/L c;'n pk/ ug'{
kg]{5 .
-@_ df]xLn] lnPsf] C0fsf] xsdf lghn] sdfPsf] jfnL lnnfd laqmL u/L ;f“jf, Jofh / xh{gfsf]
/sd c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pklgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd lnnfd laqmL ubf{ lnnfd laqmL x'g] lbg;Ddsf] ;f“jf, Jofh /
{ .
xh{gfsf] /sd c;'n pk/ u/L af“sL x'g cfPsf] /sd ;/f]sf/jfnf JolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]5
@*= lnnfd ;sfg]{ JolQmaf6 /sd c;'n ug]{ M
-!_ lnnfd laqmLsf] sfo{ ;lsgf;fy lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmaf6 ;sf/ u/]sf] d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt
/sd p;} lbg w/f}6Lsf] ¿kdf lnO{ /fVg' kg]5
{ . af“sL gAa] k|ltzt /sd lnnfd ;sf/]sf]
ldltn] ;ft lbgleq a'emfO ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] Dofbleq ga'emfPdf w/f}6L jfkt /fv]sf] /sd
hkmt x'g] Joxf]/fsf] sfuh u/fO /fVg' kg]5
{ .
-@_ lnnfd ;sfg]{ JolQmn] ;sf/ u/]sf] d"Nosf] bz k|ltzt /sd p;} lbg ga'emfPdf lghkl5 ;a}
eGbf a9L 8f“s af]Ng] JolQmsf] gfddf lnnfd ;b/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lnnfd ;sf/ ug]{ JolQmn] o; lgod adf]lhd ;sf/ u/]sf] k"/f d"No a'emfPdf lghsf] gfp“df ;f]
hfoh]yfdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /lhi6«z
] g jf bflvn vf/]h;d]t ul/lbgsf] nflu ;+:yf jf
;+3n] ;DalGwt sfof{nodf n]vL k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@(= lnnfd laqmL gePdf hfoh]yy] f ;+::+ :+ yf jf ;+33
+ sf] :jfldTjdf /xg] M lgod @% / @& adf]lhd
lnnfd laqmL ug'{ kg]{ hfoh]yf lnnfd laqmL ubf{ s;}n] g;sf/]df ;+:yf jf ;+3n] pQm hfoh]yfsf]
:jfldTj cfkm"df lng ;Sg]5 / To:tf] l:yltdf ;DalGwt ;/sf/L sfof{nox¿n] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf]
hgfp adf]lhd cfˆgf] sfof{nodf /x]sf] >]:tfdf tbg';f/ /lhi6«z
] g jf bflvn vf/]h u/L lbg' kg]5
{
.
#)= vr{ c;''n ug]{ M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] af“sL aSof}tf c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ JolQmsf] hfoh]yf lnnfd laqmL
u/L af“sL jSof}tf c;'n pk/ ubf{ ;f“jf, Jofh, xh{gfsf] /sd / lnnfd laqmL ubf{ nfu]sf] ;a}
lsl;dsf] vr{;d]t 36fO c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
#!= ldgfxf ug]{ M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] c;'n pk/ ug'{kg]{ C0f jf c¿ s'g} /sd ldgfxf ug'{ kbf{ jflif{s
;fwf/0f ;efdf pkl:yt ;b:osf] b'O{ ltxfO{ jx'dtsf] lg0f{oaf6 ug'{ kg]5
{ . t/ Joj;flos
sf/f]jf/sf] l;nl;nfdf x'g uPsf] ;fdfGo ;'vg, r'xg htLsf] ldgfxf ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP
adf]lhd ;ldltn] ug{ ;Sg]5 .
#@= j]?h' lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{ M ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] j]?h' /sd ;f] ;+:yfsf] n]vfk/LIf0f ePsf] nut}
kl5sf] cfly{s jif{ leq lgoldt u/fO ;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] cjlw leq j]?h'sf] /sd lgoldt gu/fPdf
7
;DalGwt sd{rf/L;“u lgoldt u/fpg' kg]{ j]?h'sf] /sd af“sL aSof}t+ f ;/x lgod @% sf] sfo{ljlw
ckgfO{ c;'n pk/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
##= lnSjL8]6] /sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
-!_ P]gsf] bkmf $@ cGtu{t lgo'Qm lnSjL8]6/sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g5
] .
-s_ lj36g ePsf ;+:yf jf ;+3af6 c;'n x'g af“sL /x]sf] /sd r'Qmf ug{sf] nflu ;f] ;+:yf jf
;+3 jf xfnjfnf jf ;fljsjfnf ;b:ox¿ jf d[t ;b:ox¿sf] hfoh]yfaf6 af“sL /sd
lgod @% / @& sf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ c;'n pk/ ug]{ .
-v_ lj36g ePsf ;+:yf jf ;+3;“u s'g} ;fx'sf] s'g} /sd af“sL nflu /fv]sf] /x]5 / ;f] s'/f
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] jf ;+3s} lx;fa lstfadf r9fOPsf] /x]g5 eg] To:tf ;fx'nfO{ of] olt
Dofb leq ;f] /sdsf] bfjf ug{ cfpg' egL jf ;f] af“sL nfu]sf] k|dfl0ft geP;Dd Tolt
/sd ljt/0f gul/of];\ egL bfjf ug{ cfpg' egL ;"rgf ug]{ .
-u_ ;fx'x¿dWo] s;nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] eGg] k|Zg p7]df To;sf] lg0f{o ug]{ .
-3_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 lj36g ug]{ l;nl;nfdf, ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] hfoh]yf hDdf ug]{ / ljt/0f ug]{
;DaGwdf cfjZos lgb]z
{ g lbg] .
-ª_ /lhi6«f/sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lnO{ ;+:yf jf ;+3n] u/]sf] jf ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lj?4df ul/Psf]
bfjLsf] ;DaGwdf b'j} kIf aLrdf ldnfkq u/fpg] .
-r_ lj36gsf] nflu cfjZos b]vd
] f ;b:ox¿sf] a}7s af]nfpg] .
-5_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] vftfjxL, sfuhft, lnvt / hfoh]yfsf] lhDdf lng] .
-h_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ;DklQ j]rljvg ug]{ .
-em_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] hfoh]yf ljt/0f ug]{ of]hgf /lhi6«f/af6 :jLs[t e} cfPkl5 To;sf]
ljt/0f ug]{ .
-@_ pklgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] clwsf/x¿sf] k|of]u ubf{ lnSjL8]6/n] cfjZos ;Dem]df ;+:yf jf
;+3sf] u7g, sfd, st{Jo, ;DklQ jf cGo s'/fx¿sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos hfgsf/L k|fKt ug{
kIf, ljkIf, ;fIfLx¿ / ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ cfkm" ;dIf pkl:yt u/fO ;f]wk'5 ug{
;Sg]5 .
#$= lj36g lgoGq0f ug]{ ]{ clwsf/ M lgod ## adf]lhdsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L lnSjL8]6/n] u/]sf]
sfdnfO{ /lhi6«f/n] bf]x¥ofO{ x]/L b]xfo adf]lhd ug{ ;Sg]5 M
-s_ lgb]z
{ g ljkl/t lnSjL8]6/n] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z vf/]h ug{ abNg jf cfjZostfg';f/ csf]{
cfb]z hf/L ug{,
-v_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] vftfjxL, sfuhft, lnvt / hfoh]yfx¿ k]z u/fpg,
-u_ lgod ## adf]lhdsf] lnSjL8]6/sf] clwsf/df cfkm"nfO{ pko'Qm nfu]sf] xbaGb]h tf]ls lbg,
-3_ lnSjL8]6/n] hf“r]sf] lx;fa lstfasf] k|ltj]bg lng,
-ª_ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] hfoh]yf ljt/0f ug]{ clwsf/ lbg,
-r_ lnSjL8]6/n] kfpg] kfl/>lds Pj+ eQfsf] lgldQ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg, /
-5_ lnSjL8]6/nfO{ kbaf6 x6fpg .
#%= lj36gsf] sfdsf] ;dflKt M
-!_ P]gsf] bkmf $! cGtu{t btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] sf/0f lj36g ePsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sf]ifaf6 b]xfo
adf]lhdsf] k|fyldstf qmd cg';f/ b]xfodf n]lvPsf sfdsf] nflu vr{ ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ lj36gsf] sfdsf] lgldQ ePsf vr{x¿ km5\of}{6 ug{,
8
-v_ sd{rf/Lsf] tna eQf lbg,
-u_ C0f e'QmfgL ug{,
-3_ cGo e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{ /sdx¿ lbg,
-ª_ z]o/ k"“hL lkmtf{ lbg,
-r_ nfef“z gaf“l8Psf] ;do hltsf] xsdf k|lt jif{ z]o/ k"“hLsf] cf7 k|ltztsf b/df ga9\g]
u/L nfef“z ljt/0f ug{ .
-@_ s'g} ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] lj36gsf] sfd ;dfKt e} ;s]kl5 klg ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] s'g} ;fx"n]
ljt/0fsf] of]hgf cg';f/ kfpg' kg]{ /sd lng gcfPdf lj36gsf] sfd ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn]
tLg dlxgfleq pQm ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sf]if pk/ To:tf] ;fx"n] cfkm"n] kfpg' kg]{ /sdsf] lgldQ
bfjL ul/;Sg' kg]{5 . ;f] Dofb gf3]kl5 k/]sf bfjL pk/ s'g} sf/jfxL x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pklgod -!_ df n]lvPsf sfddf vr{ u/L ;Sbf klg ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sf]ifsf] /sd
af“sL /xg cfPdf pQm /sd /lhi6«f/sf] lgb]z
{ g adf]lhd b]xfosf] k|fyldstf qmd cg';f/
x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-s_ lj3l6t ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sfo{If]qdf ;]jf k'¥ofpg ;Sg] ghLssf] ;f]xL k|sl[ tsf] cGo s'g}
;+:yf jf ;+3,
-v_ ;f] ;+:yf jf ;+3 ;b:o ePsf] ;f]xL k|sl[ tsf] dflyNnf] ;+3,
-u_ /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-$_ pklgod -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtf klg g]kfn ;/sf/n] /lhi6«f/sf] l;kmfl/;df
pklgod -!_ cg';f/ vr{ ul/;s]kl5 af“sL /xg cfPsf] To:tf] ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sf]ifsf] /sd
;xsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] cGo s'g} lgsfonfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
#^= cg';'"rLdf x]]/km]]/ ug{ ;Sg] M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos b]v]df g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L
cg';"rLx¿df cfjZos yk36 jf x]/km]/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
#&= vf/]h
] L M ;femf ;+:yf lgodx¿, @)$# vf/]h ul/Psf]5 .
9
cg';'rL – #=!
-lgod # ;“u ;DalGwt_
>L /lhi6«f/Ho",
=====================
ljifo M– ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ .
dxf]bo,
xfdL b]xfosf JolQmx¿÷;+:yfx¿÷;+3x¿ b]xfosf s'/fx¿ vf]nL b]xfosf ;+:yf÷;+3 btf{ u/L kfpg
lgj]bg ub{5f}+ . k|:tfljt ;+:yf÷;+3sf] p2]Zo cg'¿k ;+:yf . ;+3n] tTsfn ug]{ sfo{ ;DaGwL of]hgf /
k|:tfljt ;+:yf÷;+3sf] ljlgodsf] b'O{ k|lt klg o;}+ ;fy k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
!=
;+:yf÷;+3 ;DaGwL ljj/0f M
-s_ k|:tfljt ;+:yf÷;+3sf] gfd M–
-v_ 7]ufgf M–
-u_ p2]Zo M–
-3_ sfo{If]q M–
-ª_ bfloTj M–
-r_ s'n z]o/ k"“hL M–
-5_ laqmL ug]{ zo]/ ;+Vof / To;sf] ¿k}+of“ M–
b||i6Jo M ;+:yf jf ;+3n] cfˆgf] 7]ufgf x]/km]/ ug'{ k/]df x]/km]/ u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq To;sf] ;"rgf
/lhi6«f/ ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
10
@_ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;+r
+ fns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f kmf/fd
qm= ;+=
jfh]sf]
gfd y/
jfj' jf
kltsf]
gfd y/
z]o/sf] ljj/0f
cfj]bssf]
gfd y/
pd]/
7]ufgf
k]zf
k|lt z]o/
/sd
vl/b
z]o/
;+Vof
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
11
z]o/sf]
/sd
;Dks{
gDj/
/]vfTds
b:tvt
kmf]6f] /
kmf]6f]df
kg]{
ul/
b:tvt
;+3sf] xsdf cfj]bg ug]{ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljj/0f / b:tvt
;b:o
z]o/ k"FhL
;+Vof
;+:yf÷;+3sf]
l;=g+=
7]ufgf -cfj]bs
-cfj]bs
gfd
;+:yfsf]_
;+:yfsf]_
!
@
#
$
%
btf{ ldlt
-cfj]bs
;+:yfsf]_
^
cfj]bsn] vl/b u/]sf] z]o/sf] ljj/0f
k|ltlglwTj
k|lt
vl/b
z]o/sf]
ug]{ JolQmsf]
z]o/
z]o/
/sd
gfd
/sd
&
*
(
!)
!
@
#
$
%
^
^
&
*
(
!)
12
b:tvt
k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ JolQmsf]
;Dks{ gDj/
;+:yf jf
k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ JolQmsf]
s}lkmot
!!
!@
!#
cg';'"rL – #=@
-lgod % ;“u ;DalGwt_
g]kfn ;/sf/
;xsf/L ljefu÷sfof{no÷zfvf
btf{sf] k|df0f–kq
btf{ g+= M–
;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf % adf]lhd ============== nfO{ l;ldt bfloTj ePsf] ;+:yf÷;+3df btf{ u/L
:jLs[t ljlgod ;lxt of] k|df0f–kq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
btf{ u/]sf] ldlt M–
b:tvtM
/lhi6«f/M
;xsf/L ljefuM
sfof{nosf] 5fkM
13
cg';'"rL – #+=#
-lgod !$ ;“u ;DalGwt_
ljlgoddf pNn]]v ug'{kg]{] ljifox¿
!= gfd / 7]ufgf
@= sfo{If]q
#= kl/efiff
$= p2]Zo
%= sfo{
^= ;b:otf
&= ;b:osf] nflu of]Uotf
*= k|j]z z'Ns
(= ;b:otfaf6 /fhLgfdf
!)= ;b:osf] lgisfzg
!!= sf]ifsf] Joj:yf
!@= z]o/ k"“hL
!#= z]o/sf] k|df0f–kq
!$= z]o/sf] x:tfGt/0f jf lkmtf{
!%= bfloTj
!^= xsjfnfsf] dgf]gog
!&= xs bfjL jf gfd;f/L
!*= k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef
!(= ;fwf/0f ;ef
@)= ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
@!= ;fwf/0f ;efsf st{Jo / clwsf/
@@= ;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g Pj+ sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
@#= ;~rfnssf] kbdf jxfn /xg g;Sg] cj:yf
@$= ;ldltsf] a}7s
@%= cWoIfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
@^= pk–;ldltsf] u7g / sfo{ljlw
@&= n]vf ;ldltsf] u7g
@*= n]vf ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
@(= Joj:yfkssf] lgo'lQm, sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
#)= jrt ljt/0f
#!= sf]ifsf] ;'/Iff
#@= sf]ifsf] pkof]u
##= ;+3, ;+:yfn] /fVg kg]{ jlxvftf / lstfax¿
#$= jflif{s lx;fa hf“r
#%= lgjf{rg
#^= dWo:ytf ;DaGwL Joj:yf
#&= ljlgod ;+zf]wg
#*= lj36g
#(= ljljw
14
cg';'"rL – #=$
;b:o btf{ lstfj
-;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod @! sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ ;+u ;DjlGwt_
l;=g+=
jfh]sf]
gfd
afj'sf]
gfd
klt jf
kTgLsf]
gfd
;b:osf]
gfd, y/
pd]/
7]ufgf
k]zf
vl/b
u/]sf]
z]o/
;+Vof
;b:o
ePsf]
ldlt
15
dgf]lgt
xsjfnf
sf] gfd
pd]/
7]ufgf
b:tvt
jf ;Xl
s}lkmot
cg';'"rL – #=%
sfo{of]hgf
s_ p2]Zo M–
-!_ ======================= hnljB'tsf] pTkfbg, k|f;f/0f, ljt/0f, ;+rfng / Joj:yfkg ul/ ;d'bfosf]
:jR5 phf{df kx'r
F k'¥ofO{ lhjg:t/ dfly psf:g]
-@_ ===========================hnljB't ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu cj:os /fli6«o
jh]6, cg'bfg tyf cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ug]{
-#_ u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf lghL ;+:yfx?af6 ljQLo tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u
k|fKt ug]{
-$_ ;+:yfsf] nIo xfl;n ug{] ljB't;Fu ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng u/L ;+:yf / ;b:ox¿sf]
;jf{]k/L lxtsf] k|j4{g ug{] .
-%_ ;+:yfsf u|fxs ;b:ox¿nfO{ ljB'tsf] u|fx:y pkef]usf ;fy} cfod'ns Pj+ pBdzLn
lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfngsf nflu lgoldt ljB't ;]jf pknAw u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-^_ ;+:yfsf ;b:o Pj+ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff tyf ljB't k|0ffnL Pj+ pks/0f dd{t ;DaGwL
cfjZos tflndsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-&_ clwstd ljB't vkt x'g] a]n'sfsf] ;do afx]s cGo ;dodf ljB't vkt a9fpg] vfnsf]
cfod'ns lqmofsnfkx¿ k|a4{g u/L sfo{ If]qleq ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf; / jftfj/0f
;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{g ug{] .
-*_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmdx¿ cl3 a9fpg / ;+:yfsf] lbuf]kgsf] nflu z]o/ /sd h'6fpg] tyf plrt
Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-(_ ;b:ox¿df :jfjnDagsf] 1fg, kf/:kl/s ;xof]u / ldtJolotfsf] efjgf l;h{gf ug{] .
-!)_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;Dej ePsf] n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't\ lgdf{0f u/L ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ .
-!!_ ;x'lnot k|fKt C0f, cg'bfg / cGo ;xof]ux? N3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] k'lF hut
sf]ifdf /xg]5 / o:tf] sf]ifsf] /sdaf6 l;lh{t ;DklQ sf]if ljlqm, ljt/0f jf z]o/ xf]N8/x?df
efuj08f÷ljt/0f s'g} klg xfntdf ul/g] 5}g / ;+:yf lj36g x'bF fsf] cj:yfdf eg] o:tf] eg]
o:tf] ;+klQ÷sf]if sfg'g afdf]lhd xsjfnfdf x:tfGt/0f jf g]kfn ;/sf/df x:tfGt/0f x'g5
] .
-!@_ ;xsf/L l;4fGtsf] kfngf Pj+ ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] cg';/0f ug{] .
v_ sfo{x? M–
-!_ ljB't pTkfbg M
-s_ sfo{If]qleqsf pkef]Qmf ;b:ox¿sf] ljB't cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug{] .
-v_ cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB't u[x lgdf{0f ug{] .
-u_ ljB't pTkfbg k|0ffnLsf] plrt dd{t ;Def/ ug{] .
-3_ cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo lgsfo;Fu ;xof]u / ;Nnfx lng] lbg] .
-ª_ cfjZostf k/]sf] v08df cGo lgsfo;Fu ljB't vl/b tyf laqmL ug{] .
-@_ ljB'tLs/0f÷ ljt/0f M
-s_ sfo{If]qleq cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB'tLs/0f ug{] .
-v_ ljB't dxz'n lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-u_ ljB'tLs/0f / ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
-3_ ;b:ox¿ / pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ plrt d"Nodf ljB't laqmL ljt/0f ug{] .
16
-#_ cGo sfo{ M
-s_ ;xsfl/tfaf/] ;b:ox¿nfO{ r]tgf hufpg] .
-v_ ljB'tsf] pkof]u, ;'/Iff, zlQm ;~ro, Go"gtd dd{t ;Def/;DaGwL tflnd sfo{qmd
;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-u_ n}+lËs ljsf;tkm{ nlIft cgf}krfl/s k|f}9 lzIff tyf r]tgfd'ns -;/;kmfO ÷ j[Iff/f]k0f ÷
vfg]kfgL ÷ :jf:Yo_ sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-3_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k'lt{ tyf ;b:ox¿sf] xs lxtsf nflu k|rlnt
sfg"gx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL sf]if clea[l4 ug{] Pj+ C0f tyf lwtf] aGws lng]lbg] h:tf
lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-ª_ ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s ;fdflhs clea[l4sf] nflu jrt tyf C0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] .
u_ pko'Qm sfo{ x?sf] nflu cfjZos k"“hL
!= l:y/ k"+hL M–
l;len sfo{sf] nfuL M ? =======================
S. No.
Description
1
Headworks
(intake, weir and protection works)
2
Headrace canal
3
Gravel Trap cum Desilting Basin
4
Forebay cum Desilting Basin / spillway
5
Support piers, Anchor blocks
6
Powerhouse, Operator Quarter, Office
building etc.
7
Machine foundation
8
Tailrace Canal
9
Others
10
………..
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
O{nl] S6«sn sfo{sf] nfuL M ?= ===================
S. No.
Description
1
Synchronous generator, 3 phase, 50 HZ
2
ELC Set with Alarm System
3
Ballast Tank, for ELC extension
4
Main switch, MCCBs etc
5
4 core cupper armored cable
6
Aluminum unarmored cable
7
Energy Meter Type 3 Ph
8
Powerhouse wiring
17
9
Transformer step up/ Step Down
10
Conductor
11
Pin Insulator
12
Disc Insulator
13
Shackle insulator
14
Stay Sets
15
lightening arrestors
16
6 mm2, concentric al. Service wire
17
Earthing sets, 600x600x3 mm with 8
SWG wire sets in distribution
18
Steel tubular H-pole Set
19
Steel Tubular Poles with channels,
bracing and connecting accessories
(Single Pole set)
20
Steel Tubular pole (Distribution)
21
Others
22
…………
d]sflgsn sfo{sf] nfuL M ?=====================
S. No.
Description
1
Butterfly Valve & Accessories
2
Turbine, with pulleys
3
Turbine and generator base frame
4
Drive system
6
Penstock pipe
7
Expansion Joints
8
Bends
9
C-Clamp Set
10
Pressure gauge
11
Others
12
………
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
;fdfg 9'jflg tyf cf];f/ k;f/sf] nfuL M ? ====================
h8fg tyf 6]l:6ª vr{
M ? =====================
s"n l:y/ k"h
F L ?= =========================
18
@= rfn' k"“hL M–
hu]8f ;fdfgsf] nfuL vr{ M ?= ============================
S. No.
1
2
3
Tools and Spare parts
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
Electromechanical tools, Slide wrench,
screw driver, line tester, grease gun ,
different files, chisel hammer, wire steeper
etc.
Spare parts: Turbine Bearing, Belts, HRC
Fuse, Insulators, Thyristors etc.
Others
eO{kl/ cfpg] vr{
M ?============================
s"n rfn' k"FhL ?=============================
hDd k'lh M ? ===============================
#= k"“hL >f]t /sd M–
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• a}s
+ C0f
• hg>dbfg tyf :yflgo ;fdfg
• cGo
• ==========================
M
M
M
M
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M
M
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• u|fxs ;]jf jf6 k|Kt /sd
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M
M
M
M
M
M
M
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19
•
•
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n]vfkl/If0f vr{
cGo ljljw vr{
====================
^= v'b cfo -art_ M
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M
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&= k|ltzt
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20
cg';'rL – #=^
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;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3sf] lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg
btf{ g+=M–
btf{ ldlt M–
!=
;+:yfsf] gfd M–
7]ufgf M–
@= -s_ lg/LIf0f u/]sf] ldltM–
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#= ;b:o ;+VofM–
$= r'Qmf z]o/ /sdM–
%= ;+:yf÷;+3sf] d'Vo sf/f]af/M–
^= -s_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] a}7s slt cjlwdf x'g] u/]sf] 5 <
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&= -s_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ox¿ P]g, lgod / ljlgod cg's"n 5 5}g <
-v_ ;f] lg0f{on] lgDgdWo] s'g If]qdf ;sf/fTds jf gsf/fTds s:tf] k|efj kf/]sf] 5 <
-!_ ;+:yf÷;+3sf] sf/f]jf/
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*= -s_ P]g, lgod / ljlgod adf]lhd vftf axL /fv]sf] 5 5}g <
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21
cg';'rL – $
======================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf]
===============, ====================, ===================
ljlgod @)&======
k|:tfjgf
g]kfndf phf{ ;+s6sf] ;d:of /x]sf]n] ;f] ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 ljB't pTkfbg
ljt/0f tyf k|;f/0f / ljt/0f k|0ffnL ;f] sf] ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ;xsf/L l;4fGt cg'¿k ;d'bfodf
cfwfl/t eO{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] u7g ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n,] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf !@ sf] pkbkmf
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=============== df a;]sf] k|yd k|f/lDes e]nfsf] lg0f{o jdf]lhd of] ljlgod th'{df u/L ;+:yf ljlwjt :yfkgf
ug{sf nflu ldlt ============== ut] j;]sf] bf]>f] e]nfn] ;j{ ;Ddt ?kdf of] ljlgod kfl/t u/]sf] 5 .
kl/R5]b M !
k|f/lDes
!=
;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M
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o; lalgodsf] gfd ============================= ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] ljlgod,
@)======== /x]sf] 5 .
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of] ljlgod /lhi6«f/n] :jLs[t u/]kl5 t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
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gfd / 7]ufgf M
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o; ;+:yfsf] gfd ================================== hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 sf]
ljlgod, @)======= /xg]5 .
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o; ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ======================= lhNnf ==========================df x'g5
] . 7]ufgf
kl/jt{g ePdf 7]ufgf kl/jt{g ePsf] & -;ft_ lbgleq ;DalGwt l8lehg ;xsf/L
sfof{nodf ;"rgf lbg' kg{]5 .
#=
sfo{If]q M o; ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q =========================== lhNnfsf] ===================== uf=lj=;=
========================================================================================================= leq ;Lldt /xg]5 .
$=
kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf{] cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf M–
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æ;xsf/L l;4fGtÆ eGgfn] cGt/fli6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3n] k|ltkfbg u/]sf] l;4fGtnfO{
;d]t ;Demg' kb{5 .
-3_
æ/lhi6«f/Æ eGgfn] ;xsf/L laefusf /lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{
;Demg' kb{5 .
1
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-7_
-8_
-9_
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æ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ===============================hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 ;Demg' kb{5 .
æljlgodÆ eGgfn] ======================== hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8, @)====== sf]
ljlgodnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æ;b:oÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljlgod, gLlt lgodsf] kfngf ug{ d~h'/ u/]sf ;+:yfsf]
slDtdf Ps z]o/ vl/b u/L ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf k|fKt ul/;s]sf] AolQm jf lgsfonfO{
;Demg' kb{5 .
æu|fxs ;b:oÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] z]o/ wgL ;b:o agL ljB't ;]jf pkef]u ug{] ;b:otf
sf8{ k|fKt u/]sf AolQm jf ljB't pkof]u ug{ kfpg] lgsfonfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æ;fwf/0f ;efÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef, jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef / ljz]if
;fwf/0f ;ef ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' kb{5 .
æn]vf ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljlgod jdf]lhd ul7t n]vf ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æz]o/Æ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] z]o/ kF"hLsf] ljeflht c+znfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æz]o/ k|df0f kqÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] z]o/ lsGg] AolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ;f] jfkt ;+:yfaf6
lbOPsf] lg:;fnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æhu]8f sf]ifÆ eGgfn] o; ljlgod adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/Psf] hu]8f sf]ifnfO{ ;Demg'
kb{5 .
æsf]ifÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] vftfdf hDdf x'g cfpg] ;a} lsl;dsf] /sd /flvPsf] sf]ifnfO{
;Demg' kb{5 .
æ;~rfnsÆ eGgfn] o; lalgod adf]lhd lgjf{lrt cWoIf, pkfWoIf tyf cGo ;b:ox¿
;lxtsf] ;~rfns kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æpk;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfåf/f o; lalgod adf]lhd s'g} lglZrt sfo{ ug{sf nfuL cjlw
tf]sL u7g ul/Psf] pk;ldlt ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æhldgsf] xs clwsf/Æ eGgfn] ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP cg';f/ ;b:oåf/f k|Tofe't
ul/Psf] hldgsf] xs clwsf/nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
æhnpkof]u clwsf/Æ eGgfn] lalgod adf]lhd ;b:ox¿nfO{ hn pkof]u ug{ pknAw
u/fpg] xs clwsf/ ;Demg' kb{5 .
%=
;+:yf Ps ;ª\ul7t ;+:yf x'g] M
-!_
;+:yf Ps clal5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t ;ª\ul7t ;+:yf x'g]5 .
-@_
;+:yfsf] ;a} sfdsfh k|dfl0ft ug{sf nflu cg';"rL–$=! df pNn]v ul/P cg';f/ cfˆgf]
Pp6f 5'§} lrGx clÍt 5fk /xg] 5 .
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;+:yfn] AolQm ;/x cfkm\gf] gfdaf6 gfln; ph'/ ug{ / ;f] pk/ klg ;f]xL gfdaf6
gfln; ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .
^=
;xsf/L l;4fGt / cfa4tf M
-s_ cGt/f{li6«o ;xsf/L dxf;+3åf/f kfl/t ;xsf/Lsf lgDg ;ft l;4fGtx? o; ljlgodsf]
cleGg c+u x'g]5g\ . oL l;4fGtx?sf] cg';/0f ug]{ / u/fpg] u/L ;+3sf] lqmofsnfkx?
lgb]{lzt x'g]5g\ .
-!_ :j]lR5s tyf v'nf ;b:otf .
-@_ ;b:ox?åf/f k|hftflGqs lgoGq0f .
-#_ ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s ;xeflutf .
2
-v_
-$_ :jfoQtf tyf :jtGqtf .
-%_ lzIff, tflnd / ;"rgf .
-^_ ;xsf/Lx? aLr ;xof]u .
-&_ ;d'bfo k|lt rf;f] .
;xsf/Lsf] l;4fGt adf]lhd ;xsf/L aLr kf/:kl/s ;xof]usf] clea[l4 ug{ of] ;+:yfsf]]
btf{ eO{ k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef ;DkGg ePsf] ^ dlxgf leq ljifout ;+3, lhNnf
;xsf/L ;+3 / ljifout s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3sf] ;b:otf lnOg]5 . ;+:yfsf]] ljQLo
Ifdtfsf cfwf/df /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ sf] z]o/ v/Lb u/L ;b:otf lng kxn ul/g]5 .
kl/R5]b M @
nIo, p2]Zo Pj+ sfo{
&=
nIo M o; ;+:yfsf] nIo ;+:yfsf] sfo{ If]qleq k|rlnt ljB't ;DaGwL P]g, lgodx¿sf] kfngf
u/L ljB't ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f tyf pTkfbg, ljB't vl/b ljqmL, dd{t ;Def/, ;~rfng / lj:tf/
sfo{df cu|;/ /xL ;+:yf / ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s / ;fdflhs pGglQ ug{] x'g5
] .
*=
;+:yfsf] p2]Zo M ;+:yfsf] d'Vo p2]Zo lgDg cg';f/ x'g5
] g\ M–
-!_
n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB'tsf] pTkfbg, k|f;f/0f, ljt/0f, ;+rfng / Joj:yfkg ul/
;d'bfosf] :jR5 phf{df kx'r
F k'¥ofO{ lhjg:t/ dfly psf:g] .
-@_
n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu cj:os
/fli6«o jh]6, cg'bfg tyf cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ug]{ .
-#_
u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf lghL ;+:yfx?af6 ljQLo tyf k|fljlws
;xof]u k|fKt ug]{ .
-$_
;+:yfsf] nIo xfl;n ug{] ljB't;Fu ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng u/L ;+:yf /
;b:ox¿sf] ;jf{]k/L lxtsf] k|j4{g ug{] .
-%_
;+:yfsf u|fxs ;b:ox¿nfO{ ljB'tsf] u|fx:y pkef]usf ;fy} cfod'ns Pj+ pBdzLn
lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfngsf nflu lgoldt ljB't ;]jf pknAw u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yfkg
ug{] .
-^_
;+:yfsf ;b:o Pj+ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff tyf ljB't k|0ffnL Pj+ pks/0f dd{t
;DaGwL cfjZos tflndsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-&_
clwstd ljB't vkt x'g] a]n'sfsf] ;do afx]s cGo ;dodf ljB't vkt a9fpg]
vfnsf] cfod'ns lqmofsnfkx¿ k|a4{g u/L sfo{ If]qleq ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;
/ jftfj/0f ;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{g ug{] .
-*_
;+:yfsf] sfo{qmdx¿ cl3 a9fpg / ;+:yfsf] lbuf]kgsf] nflu z]o/ /sd h'6fpg] tyf
plrt Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-(_
;b:ox?df pBdlzntf k|jw{g u/L pgLx?sf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu ;+:yfn]
cfˆgf ;b:ox¿af6 art lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{] / cfˆgf ;b:ox¿nfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug]{
5.
-!)_
-!!_
;b:ox¿df :jfjnDagsf] 1fg, kf/:kl/s ;xof]u / ldtJolotfsf] efjgf l;h{gf ug{] .
;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;Dej ePsf] n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't\ lgdf{0f u/L ljB't pTkfbg ug]{
.
3
-!@_
-!#_
;x'lnot k|fKt C0f, cg'bfg / cGo ;xof]ux? N3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
k'lF hut sf]ifdf /xg]5 / o:tf] sf]ifsf] /sdaf6 l;lh{t ;DklQ sf]if ljlqm, ljt/0f jf
z]o/ xf]N8/x?df efuj08f÷ljt/0f s'g} klg xfntdf ul/g] 5}g / ;+:yf lj36g x'bF fsf]
cj:yfdf eg] o:tf] eg] o:tf] ;+klQ÷sf]if sfg'g afdf]lhd xsjfnfdf x:tfGt/0f jf
g]kfn ;/sf/df x:tfGt/0f x'g5
] .
;xsf/L l;4fGtsf] kfngf Pj+ ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] cg';/0f ug{] .
-cGo s]xL eP pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 _
(=
sfo{x¿ M ;+:yfn] ljlgodsf] bkmf & sf] nIo / bkmf * adf]lhdsf p2]Zox¿ k'/f ug{ k|rlnt
ljB't / jftfj/0f;Fu ;DalGwt P]g, lgod Pj+ lgb{]lzsfx¿sf] k"0f{ kfngf u/L lgDg sfo{x¿ ug{]5
M–
-!_
ljB't
-s_
-v_
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-3_
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-r_
-@_
ljB'tLs/0f÷ ljt/0f M
-s_
sfo{If]qleq cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB'tLs/0f ug{] .
-v_
;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/] cg';f/ ljB't dx;'n lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-u_
ljB'tLs/0f / ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
-3_
;~rfns ;ldltn] to u/]sf] gLlt lgod cg'¿k ;b:ox¿ / pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{
plrt d"Nodf ljB't laqmL ljt/0f ug{] .
-#_
cGo sfo{ M
-s_
;xsfl/tfaf/] ;b:ox¿nfO{ r]tgf hufpg] .
-v_
ljB'tsf] pkof]u, ;'/Iff, zlQm ;~ro, Go"gtd dd{t ;Def/;DaGwL tflnd
sfo{qmd ;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-u_
n}+lËs ljsf;tkm{ nlIft cgf}krfl/s k|f}9 lzIff tyf r]tgfd'ns ;/;kmfO÷j[Iff/f]k0f÷vfg]kfgL÷:jf:Yo_ sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-3_
;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k'lt{ tyf ;b:ox¿sf] xs lxtsf nflu
k|rlnt sfg"gx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL sf]if clea[l4 ug{] Pj+ C0f tyf lwtf] aGws
lng]lbg] h:tf lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-ª_
;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu art tyf C0f jf6 ;fd'bflos k'FhL lgdf{0f
ug{] .
pTkfbg M
sfo{If]qleqsf pkef]Qmf ;b:ox¿sf] ljB't cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug{] .
pkef]Qmfx¿sf] cfjZostf jdf]lhdsf] ljB't pTkfbg ug{] .
cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB't u[x lgdf{0f ug{] .
ljB't pTkfbg k|0ffnLsf] plrt dd{t ;Def/ ug{] .
cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo lgsfo;Fu ;xof]u / ;Nnfx lng] lbg] .
cfjZostf k/]sf] v08df cGo lgsfo;Fu ljB't vl/b tyf laqmL ug{] .
-cGo s]xL eP pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 _
dfly pNn]v ePsf p2]Zo tyf sfo{x? ug{sf] nflu cGo lgsfoaf6 cg'dlt lng' kg]{ eP ;f]
;d]t lnO dfq pQm sfo{x? ;+rfng ul/g]5 .
4
kl/R5]b M #
;b:otf
!)=
;b:otf M
-!_
;ldltn] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf ljB't pkef]u ug{
OR5's AolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfnL gful/stf k|fKt !* aif{ pd]/ k'u]sf] AolQm .
-v_ ;+:yfsf] ljB't pkef]u ug{] JolQm .
-u_ ljlgdosf] kfngf ug{ d~h'/ ug{] .
-3_ slDtdf Ps z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] .
-ª_ k|rlnt P]g sfg"gn] cof]Uo g7xl/Psf .
-r_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq a;f]jf; u/]sf] .
-@_
!!=
pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+:yfsf] ljB't zlQm pkef]u ug{ rfxg]
;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq /x]sf] ;/sf/L sfof{no, sfg"g jdf]lhd ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu
:yflkt ljBfno, sn]h Pj+ cGo ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yf jf pBf]ux¿nfO{ ljB't pkef]u
ug{sf nflu u|fxs ;b:o aGg afwf kg{] 5}g .
;b:ox¿sf] sfd, st{Ao, clwsf/ / bfloTj M
-!_
;b:ox¿sf] sfd st{Ao, clwsf/ b]xfo jdf]lhd x'g5
] M–
-s_
;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efdf efu lng] .
-v_
;+:yfsf] lxt / ljsf;df lglDt ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
-u_
;fwf/0f;ef, ;+rfns ;ldlt, n]vf ;ldlt tyf cGo pk;ldltx¿n] u/]sf]
lg0f{osf] kfngf ug{] .
-3_
ljlgdosf] kfngf ug{] u/fpg] sfo{df bQlrQ /xg] .
-ª_
;+:yfnfO{ ljB't nfOg lgdf{0f, lj:tf/ / ljt/0f ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] cj:yfdf
;+:yfsf k|To]s ;b:on] cfˆgf] :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hUuf hldgsf] tn, dfly ;tx
eP/ hfg cfpg / lgdf{0fsf nflu hUuf pknAw u/fpg] .
-r_
;+:yfnfO{ ljB't\ zlQm pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZos kg{] kfgL pkef]u ug{ hn
pkof]u ;DaGwL xssf] k|Tofel"t ug'{kg{] .
-5_
;+:yfsf ;b:o jf u|fxs ;b:o ;d]tsf nflu ljB't ;]jf pknAw u/fpg]
l;nl;nfdf ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] nfOg / cGo ;'ljwf lgdf{0f sfo{, lg/LIf0f,
;~rfng dd{t ;Def/, ;'wf/, :yfgfGt/0f, k'gM:yfkgf sfo{ ;d]t ug'{kbf{ ;f]sf]
;d]t k|Tofe"lt ug'{kg{] .
-@_
;b:on] hlt;'s} z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] eP tfklg Ps AolQm Ps dtsf] cfwf/df
;fwf/0f;efsf] lg0f{odf / ;ldltx¿sf] lgjf{rgdf efu lng kfpg] 5 .
-#_
;+:yfn] u/]sf] ;a} sf/f]jf/ k|lt ;+:yfsf k|To]s ;b:on] ;hu /xL hfgsf/L lnO/xg] /
;+:yfsf] ;~rfng k|lqmofdf b'?kof]u Pj+ clgoldttf x'g glbg ;lqmo bfloTj lgjf{x ug'{
kg{]5 .
5
!@=
k|j]z z'Ns M ljlgodsf] bkmf !) cg';f/ lgj]bg :jLsf/ ePsf] cj:yfdf ;b:otf k|jz
] z'Ns
jfkt ¿=!))÷– -Ps ;o_ a'emfpg' kg{]5 .
!#=
;b:o x'gsf] nflu cfj]bg lbg'kg{] M
-s_
;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleqsf AolQm, ;/sf/L sfof{no, sfg"g adf]lhd ;fj{hlgs lxtsf nflu
:yflkt lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿ Pj+ cGo ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yf jf pBf]un] ljB't pkef]usf nflu
;b:otf k|fKt ug{ ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf cg';"lr – $=@ cg';f/sf] 9fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg'
kg{]5 .
-v_
;~rfns ;ldltn] ;b:otf glbg] lg0f{o u/]df To:tf] AolQmn] ;fef/0f;ef ;dIf
k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 ;b:otf ;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f;efsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g5
] .
-u_
;+:yfsf] ;b:otf ;dfKt ePsf] AolQmn] ;b:otf ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ! -Ps_ aif{ cjlw
e'QmfgL geO{ k'gM ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] 5}g .
-3_
;+:yfsf] aflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef a:g] ldlt to u/]sf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePkl5 ;fwf/0f;ef
;DkGg gx'~h]n;Dd gofF z]o/ ;b:otf k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-ª_
sfo{ If]q leq j;f]jf; ug]{ JolQmx?nfO s'g} klg sf/0fn] ljB't pkef]u ug{af6 jlGrt
ul/g] 5}g . t/ k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;efsf] xsdf eg] k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;ef a:g'eGbf !%
-kGw|_ lbg klxn]sf] lbg;Ddsf] sfof{no ;doleq;Dd ;b:otf k|bfg ug{ afwf kg{] 5}g .
!$=
ljB't ljt/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleqsf AolQmn] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn]
ljlgod jdf]lhd ;do ;dodf to u/]sf] ljB't\ dx;'n b/ cg';f/sf] /sd dfl;s ¿kdf ltg]{
u/L ;b:otfsf] nflu lbOg] lgj]bg jf ;]jf lng] kmf/fddf pNn]v u/L ;+:yfn] pknAw u/fpg
;Sg];Dd ljB't vl/bsf nflu lgj]bg lbg' kg{]5 . o;sf nflu ;+:yfn] s'g} lgj]bsnfO{ ;+:yfsf]
ljB't Ifdtf cg';f/ slt ljB't zlQm cfk"lt{ ug{] eGg] lg0f{o ug{]5 . k|To]s pkef]Qmf ;b:on]
;+:yfnfO{ ltg{, a'emfpg' kg{] ;Dk"0f{ /sd afFsL aSof}tf b:t'/ a'emfpFg' kg{]5 .
!%=
;b:otf sfod g/xg] M b]xfodf pNn]v ePsf cj:yfdf s'g} AolQm jf ;+:yfsf] ;b:odf sfod
/xg] 5}g M–
-s_
tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq z]o/sf] k"/f /sd r'Qmf gu/]df .
-v_
;b:osf] d[To' ePdf .
-u_
duh lalu|Psf] k|dfl0ft ePdf .
-3_
g}lts ktg x'g] kmf}hbf/L cleof]u cbfntaf6 k|dfl0ft eO{ ;hfo kfPdf .
-ª_
/fhLgfdf :jLs[t ePdf .
-r_
;Dk"0f{ z]o/ x:tfGt/0f u/]df .
-5_
;b:otfaf6 lgisfzg ePdf .
-h_
;+:yf lj36g ePdf jf vf/]hLdf k/]df .
-em_ ;fwf/0f;efsf] lg0f{on] lghn] ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo jf lxt ljk/Lt sfo{ u/]sf] 7x/ u/]df .
-`_
bkmf !) adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf gePdf jf g/x]df .
!^=
;b:otfaf6 /flhgfdf M ;b:on] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+:yfsf] ;b:otfaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg
;Sg]5 . t/ s'g} klg ;b:osf] ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{kg{] afFsL aSof}tf e'QmfgL ug{ afFsL /x]5 eg] To:tf]
e'QmfgL geP;Dd ;b:on] /fhLgfdf ug{ kfpg] 5}g / s]xL u/L /fhLgfdf lbO{ :jLs[t u/fO ;s]sf]
/x]5 eg] klg ;b:o g/x]sf] sf/0fn] lghn] afFsL aSof}tfsf] bfloTjaf6 pGd'lQm kfpg] 5}g .
6
!&=
;b:otfaf6 lgisfzg M
-!_
b]xfodf pNn]v ePsf] cj:yfdf s'g} klg AolQm jf lgsfonfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o
cg';f/ ;b:oaf6 lgisf;g ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_
s'g} ;b:on] ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo ljk/Lt x'g] u/L hfgfhfgL s'g} sfo{ u/]df jf
;+:yfsf] lalgod af/Daf/ pNnª\3g u/]df ;~rfns ;ldltn] lnlvt ;"rgfåf/f
r]tfjgL lbg ;Sg]5 . lnlvt r]tfjgL kfO;s]kl5 klg e"n ;'wf/ gu/]df
lghnfO{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;b:otfaf6 lgisf;g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-v_
;+:yfsf] l;4fGt, lgod jf k|lti7fdf cfFr cfpg] s'g} sfd s'/f u/]df .
-u_
;+:yfsf] ;~rfng / k|ultdf xflg x'g] s'g} lsl;dsf] sfo{ u/]df jf ;+:yfsf]
/sd lxgfldgf u/]df .
-3_
ljB't zlQm cgflwsf/ ¿kdf k|of]u u/]sf] jf ljB't rf]/L u/]sf] kfOPdf .
-@_
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cleof]u nfu]sf] ;b:onfO{ cfkm"nfO nfu]sf] cf/f]k ;DaGwdf,
:kli6s/0f lbg] / cf/f]k v08g ug{] cfjZos sfuhft cflb k|:t't ug{ slDtdf #% k}tL;_ lbgsf] Dofb lbOg]5 . 5fgljgsf] qmddf ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;DalGwt ;b:onfO{
lgnDag u/L ;+:yfaf6 s'g} vf; ;]jf jf ;'ljwf pknAw ug{ gkfpg] u/L a9Ldf ! -Ps_
aif{;Dd aGb]h nufpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_
pkbkmf ! sf] v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ / -3_ df pNn]lvt cf/f]kdf s;'/bf/ 7x/L ;b:otfaf6
lgisfl;t AolQmn] ;ldltsf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ ga'em]df ;fwf/0f;ef ;dIf k'g/fj]bg ug{
;Sg]5 / o; ;DaGwdf ;fwf/0f;efsf] ax'dtn] u/]sf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g5
] .
!*=
;b:otf btf{ lstfa M ;ldltn] ;b:ox?sf] btf{ lstfa cg';"rL–$=# adf]lhdsf s'/fx? pNn]v
x'g] u/L v8f ug]5
{ . z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] :yfoL 7]ufgf, k]zf Joj;fo, ;Dks{ kmf]g gDa/, sf/f]jf/sf]
ljj/0f / ;b:otf dfusf] lgj]bg tyf ;b:otf 5f8]sf] clen]v cWofjlws u/L /fVg]5 . sfo{If]q
aflx/ a;f]af; ug]{ jf cglws[t JolQmnfO{ ;b:otf lbOg] 5}g .
!(=
bfloTj M ;b:osf] bfloTj cfkm"n] lnPsf] z]o/ /sd a/fa/dfq} x'g5
] .
kl/R5]b M $
z]o/ k"FhL / z]o/ x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
@)=
z]o/ k"FhL M
-!_
;+:yfsf] s'n z]o/k"lhF ================== -cIf]?kL ==============================================_ x'g5
] .
-@_
;+:yfsf] k"h
F L ;Íngsf nflu k|lt z]o/ ¿=!))÷– -Ps ;o_ sf b/n] z]o/ hf/L ul/g]5
.
-#_
;+:yfsf] s'n r'Stf z]o/ k"FhLsf] @) -aL;_ k|ltztdf ga9fO{ ;b:ox¿sf] hlt;'s} klg
z]o/ lng ;Sg]5g\ . t/ g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] :jfldTj ePsf lgsfox¿nfO{
of] aGb]h nfu" x'g] 5}g .
7
@!
z]o/ k|df0f kq M
-!_
z]o/sf] /sd r'Qmf ePkl5 ;+:yfsf] 5fk nfu]sf] z]o/ k|df0f kq cg';"lr–$=$
adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf lbOg] 5 .
-@_
z]o/ wgL k|df0fkq jfkt ;+:yfn] ¿=%)÷–-krf;_ ;Dd z'Ns lng]5 . z]o/ wgL k|df0f
kq s'g} sf/0faf6 x/fPdf, RofltPdf jf gfl;Pdf k|lt z]o/ k|df0f kq Go"gtd z'Ns
¿=!%)÷– -Ps ;o krf;_ lnO{ ;f]xL z]o/wgL qmd ;ª\Vofsf] csf{] k|ltlnlk k|df0f kq
/]s8{df hgfO{ lbOg]5 .
@@=
u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{ M
-!_
;+:yfsf] x/]s ;b:onfO{ dfl;s ljB't dx;'n e'QmfgL;DaGwL ljj/0f pNn]v x'g]
Joj:yfsf nflu ¿=@%÷– -kRrL;_ lnO{ cg';"rL–$=% adf]lhdsf] Ps u|fxs ;b:otf
sf8{ pknAw u/fOg]5 .
-@_
u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{df cWoIf / ;lrjsf] x:tfIf/ ePsf] / ;+:yfsf] 5fk nfu]sf] x'g5
] .
-#_
ljlgoddf Joj:yf ePsf] z'Ns glt/L u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{ pknAw x'g] 5}g . ;f] sf8{
x/fPdf, gfl;Pdf, dfl;Pdf ¿=%)÷–-krf;_ lt/L csf{] k|ltlnlk sf8{ pknAw u/fOg]5 .
u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{sf] z'Ns ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf to u/] cg';f/ x'g]5 .
@#=
z]o/ x:tfGt/0f jf lkmtf{ M
-!_
s'g} ;b:on] ;b:otf 5f8\g rfx]df ^) lbg cl3 lnlvt ?kdf ;ldlt;Fu dfu ug'{kg]{5 .
;+rfns ;ldltn] a}7saf6 lg0f{o u/L To:tf] ;b:osf] ;DklQ / bfloTj olsg u/L z]o/
/sd lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . ;+rfns ;ldltn] z]o/ /sd lkmtf{ gu/]df ;f] sf] k'g/fj]bg ;'Gg]
lgsfo ;fwf/0f ;ef x'g5
] .
-@_
;+:yfn] s'g} ;b:osf] d[To' ePdf jf lgsf] gx'g] ul/ ax'nfPsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf, lghsf]
gfpdf /x]sf] / ;+:yfjf6 lghnfO{ k|fKt x'g] xs lghn] s'g} xsjfnf dgf]lgt u/]sf] /x]5
eg] ;f] xsjfnfnfO{ / ;f] xsjfnf geP k|rlnt sfg'g jdf]lhdsf] xsjfnfsf] gfpFdf
;xsf/L lgodfjnLsf] lgod * sf] cwLgdf /xL gfd;f/L ul/lbg]5 .
@$=
xsjfnf dgf]lgt M
-!_ ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf cfj]bg kmf/ddf xsjfnf dgf]gog ug'{ kg{5
] . xsjfnf dgf]gog ubf{
slDtdf @ -b'O_{ hgf ;+:yfsf] ;b:ox¿sf] /f]xj/df lnlvt ;gfvt u/L ul/g]5 / To:tf]
lnlvt dgf]lgt ug{] ;b:ox¿sf] ;lx5fk / ;fIfLx¿ nufot xsjfnfsf] ;d]t ;lx5fk
u/]sf] x'g]5 .
-@_
pkbkmf ! adf]lhd xsjfnf dgf]lgt ug{] ;b:on] PseGbf a9L z]o/ glnPsf] cj:yfdf
Pp6f AolQmnfO{ dfq xsjfnf dgf]lgt ug'{ kg{]5 .
-#_
s'g} ;b:on] pkbkmf @ sf] cwLgdf /xL ! -Ps_ eGbf a9L AolQmx¿nfO{ dgf]gLt u/]sf]df
To:tf k|To]s AolQmnfO{ x:tfGt/0f x'g] z]o/ / xssf] bfdf;fxL :ki6 ¿kn] lnlvtdf
v'nfpg' kg{]5, cGoyf k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ x'g]5 .
@%
xsbfjL jf gfd;f/L M
-!_
s'g} ;b:osf] d[To' ePdf lghsf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/ / ;+:yfaf6 lghnfO{ k|fKt x'g] s'g}
k|sf/sf] /sd lghn] ljlgodsf] bkmf @$ adf]lhd dgf]lgt u/]sf] s'g} xsjfnf eP ;f]
xsjfnf / To:tf] xsjfnf geP k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhdsf] xsjfnfsf] gfddf ;b:otfsf]
nflu of]Uo ePdf / lghn] OR5f u/]df gfd;f/L ul/g]5 . t/ To:tf] xsjfnfdf ;b:otf
8
-@_
-#_
k|fKt ug{sf nflu ljlgoddf ePsf] of]Uotf gk'u]df ;b:osf] d'To' ePsf] ldltn] ^ -5_
dlxgfleq ;b:otfsf] nflu of]Uo c¿ s'g} xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L u/L kfpFm egL
b/vf:t lbg ;Sg]5 / To:tf]df ;f] xsjfnfsf] gfddf gfd;f/L ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd d[t ;b:osf] xsjfnfsf] gfd;f/L u/fO{ lbg grfx]df lghn] kfpg]
z]o/ / art /sd To:tf] xsjfnfnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/lbg]5 .
pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f eP tfklg d[t ;b:osf] xsjfnf gfjfns /x]df jf
lghsf] dfgl;s ;Gt'ng 7Ls g/x]df d[t ;b:on] kfpg] ;Dk"0f{ /sd slDtdf @ -b'O{_
hgf ;fIfLsf] /f]xj/df To:tf] xsjfnfsf] ;+/IfsnfO{ lkmtf{ ul/g]5 .
kl/R5]b M %
ljB't pTkfbg, lj:tf/ / ljt/0f
@^=
ljB't pTkfbg, lj:tf/ / ljt/0f M
-!_
ljB't Knf06sf] Ifdtf clea[l4 u/L ;b:ox¿sf] ljB'tsf] dfu k'/f ug{sf nflu cfjZos
dfqdf ljB't pTkfbg ug{] / ljB'tsf] Joj:yfkg, pTkfbg lj:tf/ / ljt/0f ul/g]5 .
-@_
;+:yf / cGo lgsfo jLr ljB't pTkfbg lj:tf/ / ljt/0f nufot ljB'tsf] Joj:yfkg
sfo{sf nflu k|flalws ;]jf;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ;DkGg ug{ ;lsg]5
-#_
;+:yfn] ljB't ljifos k|flalws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yf ug{] Pj+ k|flalws ;]jf lng ;lsg]
u/L :yfoL k|aGw ldnfpg' kg{5
] .
@&=
ljB't dx;'n M
-!_
;+:yfn] pTkfbg u/]sf] jf pknAw u/]sf] ljB'tnfO{ plrt Joj:yfkg u/L ;+:yfsf
;b:ox¿ / cGo u|fxs pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ plrt d'Nodf ljqmL ljt/0f ul/g]5 . To;/L
dx;'n to ubf{ g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0faf6 tTsfn nfu" ul/Psf] b/eGbf a9L x'g] u/L to
ul/g] 5}g .
-@_
ljB't laqmLaf6 k|fKt x'g] /fhZj a/fj/ jf ;f]eGbf a9L x'g] u/L lgDg cfwf/nfO{ Wofgdf
/fvL Go'gQd ljB't dx;'n lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 M–
-s_
;~rfng vr{ .
-v_
k|zf;lgs vr{ .
-u_
jLdf nufot cGo vr{ .
-3_
dd{t ;'wf/ vr{ !) -bz_ k|ltzt .
-#_
Go'gQd ljB't dx;'n lgwf{/0f ubf{ ljB't pk;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; ;~rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o
u/L ;fwf/0f;efdf l;kmfl/; ;fy k]z u/]sf] b//]6df ;fwf/0f;efn] cg'df]bg u/] cg'¿k
ljB't dx;'n lgwf{/0f x'g5
] .
-$_
;+:yfnfO{ cGo s'g} If]qdf nufgL ug{ cfjZos k"h
F L ;ª\sng ug{ ljB't dx;'ndf
;+zf]wg ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] v08df lgwf{/0f Go"gtd b//]6eGbf g36g] u/L ;+zf]wg ug{]
clwsf/ x'g5
] .
-%_
Psk6s to ul/Psf] ljB't dx;'n ;fdfGotof Ps cfly{s jif{;Ddsf nflu sfod x'g5
]
.
9
kl/R5]b M ^
;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;+rfng ljlw
@*=
k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;ef M
-!_
;+:yf btf{ ePsf] ldltn] # -tLg_ dlxgfleq k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;ef af]nfpg' kg{5
] .
-@_
pkbkmf ! adf]lhd ;+:yfsf] k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;ef gaf]nfPsf] cj:yfdf s'g} ;b:on]
lga]bg lbPdf jf To:tf] lga]bg glbP tfklg pkbkmf ! df tf]lsPsf] Dofb ;dfKt ePsf]
ldltn] #% -k}tL;_ lbgleq /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clwsf/Ln] To:tf] ;ef af]nfpg
;Sg]5 .
-#_
;+:yfsf] s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] %) -krf;_ k|ltzt ;b:ox¿sf] pkl:ylt ePdf k|f/lDes
;fwf/0f;ef ;~rfng ug{ u0fk'/s ;ª\Vof k'us
] f] dflgg]5 .
-$_
k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;efn] b]xfosf sfo{x¿ ug{5
] M–
-s_
;efsf] ;efkltsf] rog ug{] .
-v_
cl3Nnf] lbg;Ddsf] ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] x/ lx;fjsf] hfgsf/L lng] .
-u_
;efdf k]z ePsf k|f/lDes k|ltj]bgdfly 5nkmn ug{] / lgb{]zg lbg] .
-3_
ljlgoddf ePsf] Joj:yf adf]lhd ag]sf] lgjf{rg ;ldltn] ljlgoddf pNn]v
eP adf]lhd kbfalw /xg] u/L ;+rfns ;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ug{] .
-ª_
ljlgoddf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .
@(=
jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef M
-!_
;+:yfsf] ;a} ;b:ox¿ ;lDdlnt ePsf] Ps ;fwf/0f;ef x'g5
] . of] ;ef k|To]s cfly{s
aif{ ;dfKt ePsf] # -tLg_ dlxgfleq af]nfpg' kg{]5 .
-@_
k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f;ef / jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ug{sf lgldQ ;ef af]nfOPsf] ef]lnkN6b]lv
nfu" x'g] u/L !% -k|Gw_ lbgsf] ;do lbO{ ;ef x'g] 7fpF, ldlt, ;do / 5nkmn ug{] ljifo
vf]nL ;b:ox¿nfO{ ;"lrt ug'{kg{]5 .
-#_
;fwf/0f;efdf s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] @% -kRrL;_ k|ltzt jf !% -kGw|_ hgfdf h'g a9L
x'G5 ;f]xL ;b:ox¿ pkl:yt ePdf dfq ;efsf] sfd sfo{jfxL z'? x'g5
] . olb s]xL
sf/0fa; u0fk'/s ;ª\Vof k"/f gePdf a}7s :ylut x'g5
] / pQm ;ef & -;ft_ lbgleq
k'gM af]nfpg' kg{]5 . bf];|f]k6s ;ef jf]nfpFbf s'n ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] !% -kGw|_ k|ltzt jf
!! -P3f/_ hgfdf h'g a9L x'G5 ;f] ;ª\Vofdf dfq pkl:yt ePdf klg ;ef x'g5
] . t/
ljlgod ;+zf]wgsf] lg0f{osf nflu %! -PsfpGg_ k|ltzt ;b:ox¿sf] pkl:ylt ePdf
dfq u0fk'/s ;+Vof k'us
] f] dflgg]5 .
-$_
aflif{s ;fwf/0f;efsf] ;efkltTj ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] ug{5
] / cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf
pkfWoIfn] / lgh ;d]tsf] cg'kl:yltdf ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿n] ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿dWo]af6
5fg]sf ;b:on] ;efsf] ;efWoIf ug{5
] g\ .
-%_
k|:tfjsf ljifo dfly 5nkmn ubf{ ;efdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o ul/g]5
t/ dt a/fa/ ePdf ;efWoIfn] lg0f{os dt lbg]5g\ . ;+:yfsf] ljlgod ;+zf]wgsf nflu
;fwf/0f;efdf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtsf] lg0f{o cfjZos x'g5
] .
-^_
aflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ;~rfng ubf{ cGo s'/fx¿sf cnfjf lgDg s'/fdf Wofg k'ofpg' kg{]
x'G5 M–
10
-s_
-v_
-u_
-3_
-ª_
-r_
-5_
;efsf] u0fk'/s ;+Vof k'us
] f] gk'us
] f] laifodf pkl:yt ;b:ox¿sf] ;ª\Vof Plsg
ug{] .
;fwf/0f;efsf] a}7s af]nfpFbf ;b:ox¿nfO{ lbg'kg{] ;'rgfsf] cflwsfl/stfsf]
af/] k'li6 ug{] .
ljutsf a}7sx¿df k|:tfj ul/Psf] t/ kfl/t x'g afFsL /x]sf k|:tfjx¿sf]
ljifodf s] ug{] eGg] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
;+:yfsf] kbflwsf/L Joj:yfks / ;ldlt tyf pk;ldltx¿sf] k|ltj]bg
5nkmnsf nflu k|:t't ug{] .
;+:yfaf6 ;~rflnt cw'/f sfdx¿af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
;+:yfaf6 cl3 a9fOPsf gofF sfdx¿af/] hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
;~rfns ;ldlt n]vf ;ldlt Pj+ cGo ;ldlt pk;ldltsf] lgjf{rg tyf ;f]sf]
kl/0ffd 3f]if0ff ug{] .
#)=
;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ M
;fwf/0f ;efsf] sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_
;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg / cWoIfsf] /fhLgfdf :jLs[t ug{,] ;~rfnsnfO{ x6fpg],
;ldlt jf n]vf ;ldltsf] lj36g ug{] .
-v_
;+:yfsf] lalgod ;+zf]wg ug{] .
-u_
lx;fj lstfj / ldgfxf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn tyf cg'df]bg Pj+ lg0f{o ug{] .
-3_
ah]6 cg'df]bg ug{] .
-ª_
;b:o lgisfzg ;DaGwdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{osf] cg'df]bg jf c:jLsf/ ug{] .
-r_
n]vf k/LIfssf] lgo'lQm ug{], lx;fj hfFr k|ltj]bg cg'df]bg ug{] .
-5_
;~rfns ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ nfef+z ljt/0fsf] lg0f{o ug{] .
-h_
ljB't pTkfbg ljt/0f / dx;'n b/ lgwf{/0f;DaGwL gLlt cg'df]bg ug{] .
-em_ s]Gb|Lo jf lhNnf ;+3n] k|ltlglwTj ug{] ;b:osf] lgjf{rg ug{] .
-`_
;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL cg'df]bg ug{] .
-6_
;+:yfn] lng;Sg] clwstd C0f / w/f}6Lsf] ;Ldf tf]Sg] .
-8_
/lhi6«f/ jf lghaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;+:yfdf u/]sf] lg/LIf0f / ;f]wk'5 k|ltj]bg
pk/ 5nkmn ug{] .
-9_
cWoIfn] /fhLgfdf k]z u/]df :jLs[t ug{] .
-0f_
;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ dfu{ bz{g ug{] .
-t_
;+:yfsf] ljefhg, PsLs/0f, lj36g;DaGwL lg0f{o ug{] .
#!=
ljz]if ;fwf/0f;ef M
-!_
;+:yfsf] ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef b]xfosf] cj:yfdf !% lbgsf] ;"rgf lbO{ ;+rfns ;ldltn]
af]nfpg ;Sg]5 . ;"rgf ug]{ k|lqmof lgoldt jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efs} cjnDag ul/g]5M–
-s_
;+:yfsf] lx;fa hfFrsf] l;nl;nfdf n]vfk/LIfsn] kof{Kt sf/0f b]vfO{ ;+rfns
;ldlt ;dIf ;'emfj k]z u/]df jf
-v_
n]vf ;ldltn] oy]i6 sf/0f ;d]t vf]nL ;ldltnfO{ lnlvt ;'emfj k]z u/]df jf
-u_
s'g} ;+rfnsn] plrt sf/0f vf]nL ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef af]nfpg dfFu u/]sf]
k|:tfj ;ldltåf/f kfl/t ePdf jf
-3_
;+:yfsf] s"n ;b:osf] !) k|ltzt jf !) hgf dWo] h'g j9L x'G5 ;f] ;+Vofn]
k|of{Kt sf/0f b]vfO{ ;+rfns ;ldlt ;dIf lgj]bg lbPdf jf
11
-@_
-#_
-$_
ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf nflu u0fk"/s ;+Vof s"n ;b:o ;+Vofsf]] !% k|ltzt jf !! hgfdf
h'g a9L x'G5 ;f]xL x'g]5 .
ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efsf] cWoIftf ;ldltsf] cWoIfn], cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf pkfWoIfn] /
lghsf] klg cg'kl:yltdf pkl:yt ;b:ox?af6 5flgPsf ;b:on] ug]{5g\ .
of] ;ef h'g k|of]hgsf nflu 8flsPsf] xf] ;f]xL ljifodf dfq 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ul/g]5 .
kl/R5]b M &
;~rfns ;ldlt
#@=
;+rfns ;ldlt M
-!_
;+:yfdf slDtdf & -;ft_ hgf ;+rfnsx? /x]sf] Pp6f ;+rfns ;ldlt /xg]5 . ;+:yfsf]
sfo{If]q, ;b:o ;+Vof / sf/faf/sf] cfwf/df ;fwf/0f ;efn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] ;+Vof
lgwf{/0f ug]5
{ . ;ldltdf Pshgf cWoIf, Ps hgf pkfWoIf Ps hgf ;lrj, ! hgf
sf]iffWoIf / afFsL ;b:o /xg]5g . ;+ea eP ;Dd ;+rfns ;ldltsf] :j?k ;dfj]zL
agfOg]5 .
-@_
;b:ox?af6 ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg tf]lsP adf]lhd k|hftflGqs k|lqmof cg'?k ;DkGg ul/g]5
.
-#_
Psf3/ kl/jf/af6 Ps eGbf j9L JolQm Ps} cjlwdf ;+rfnssf] kbdf jxfn /xg kfpg]
5}gg\ .
-\$_
;+:yfsf] C0fL ;b:on] efvf gf3]sf] C0f r'Stf gu/] ;Dd ;ldltsf] s'g} kbdf pDd]bjf/
x'g kfpg] 5}g .
-%_
;+rfnssf] kbfjlw ;dfKt x'g' cufj} gofF ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg] bfloTj
lgjf{x gu/L kbfalw u'hf/]sf] cjlw # dlxgf ljlt;s]sf] eP tL ;+rfnsx? gofF ;+rfns
;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}gg\ .
-^_
ef}uf]lns cfwf/df ul7t o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; gu/L cGoq
a;f]af; ug{ k'u]sf ;b:o :jtM ;b:osf nflu ;d]t cof]Uo x'g] ePsfn] ;+rfns ;ldlt
jf n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] 5}gg\ .
##=
;+rfnsx?sf] kbfjlw M
-!_
;+rfnsx?sf] kbfjlw lgjf{lrt ePsf] ldltn] # jif{sf] x'g]5 . ;+rfnsx? ;+rfns ;ldltdf
k'gM lgjf{lrt x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
-@_
s'g} ;+rfnssf] kb s'g} sf/0faf6 l/Qm ePdf ;f] l/Qm kbsf] k"lt{ ;fwf/0f ;efjf6
lgjf{rg4f/f dfq x'g5
] .
-#_
gofF ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg geP ;Dd ;ljss} ;ldltn] ljlgoddf Joj:yf eP jdf]lhd
;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;+rfng ug]5
{ .
#$=
;ldltsf] a}7s M
-!_
;+:yfsf] sfo{;r
+ fngsf] nflu ;ldltsf] j}7s lgoldt ?kdf j:g]5 . ;ldltsf] b'O{ a}7s
aLr $% lbg eGbf a9Lsf] cGt/ x'g]5}g . cWoIf :j+on] jf cWoIfsf] lgb{]zfg';f/
tf]lsPsf] ldlt, :yfg / ;dodf k|aGwsn] ;ldltsf] j}7s af]nfpg]5 .
12
-@_
-#_
-$_
cWoIfn] j}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]5
{ . cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf pkfWoIf / lgh klg pkl:yt
gePsf] xsdf ;b:ox?sf] ax'dtaf6 5flgPsf] ;b:on] cWoIftf u/L 5nkmnsf ljifo
dfly lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
;ldltsf PsfpGg k|ltzt ;+rfnsx? j}7sdf pkl:yt eP j}7s ;+rfngsf] nflu
u0fk"/s ;+Vof k'us
] f] dflgg]5 .
;ldltsf sDtLdf $ hgf ;+rfnsx?n] ;ldltsf] a}7s 8fSg cWoIfnfO{ lnlvt ;"rgf
u/]df & lbg leq ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
#%=
;+rfnssf] kbdf jxfn /xg g;Sg] cj:yf M b]xfosf cj:yfdf ;ldltsf] ;+rfns kb l/Qm ePsf]
dflgg]5 M–
-s_
cWoIf afx]s cGo kbflwsf/Ln] cWoIf ;dIf lbPsf] /flhgfdf :jLs[t ePdf / cWoIfsf]
xsdf ;fwf/0f ;efn] lghsf] /flhgfdf :jLs[t u/]df .
-v_
d[To' ePdf .
-u_
;+:yfnfO{ hfgsf/L glbO{ ;+:yfsf] sfo{ k|s[lt;Fu d]n vfg] lglh Jofkf/ ;+rfng u/]sf]
k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf .
-3_
ljlgodsf] bkmf !#, !$ / !% adf]lhd ;b:otf ;dfKt ePdf .
-ª_
;ldltsf] s'g} ;b:o ;f]xL ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/L eO{ sfd u/]df .
-r_
ljgf ;"rgf nuftf/ # dlxgf ;Dd j}7sdf cg'kl:yt ePdf .
-5_
^ dlxgf eGbf a9L calwsf nflu lg/Gt/ a:g] u/L ljb]z uPdf .
-h_
ljlgodsf] bkmf @# sf] pkbkmf @ cg';f/sf] cj:yf l;h{gf ePdf .
-em_ lhNnf leqs} ;dfg k|sl[ tsf] cGo ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;b:o jf ;+rfns jf s'g} ;ldlt
pk;ldltsf] kbflwsf/L ePsf] k|dfl0ft x'g cfPdf . t/ pk/f]Qm -u_ jf -h_ adf]lhd
;+rfnssf] jf/]df lg0f{o lng' cl3 lghnfO{ ;kmfO{sf] df}sf jf pk/f]Qm adf]lhdsf
lhDd]jf/L 5f8\g] dgfl;j dflkmssf] ;do ;Ldf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
#^=
;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
;b:ox?sf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;ldltn] b]xfo jdf]lhdsf sfo{x? ug{]5M–
-s_
;+:yfsf] ;du| Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
-v_
lgwf{l/t dfkb08sf cfwf/df ;b:otf lj:tf/ ug{] jf vf/]h ug]{ .
-u_
;xsf/L a}s
+ , cGo jfl0fHo a}s
+ jf cfkm" ;b:o /x]sf] ;xsf/Lsf ;+3af6 C0f lng]] .
-3_
sf/f]jf/sf x/lx;fj cWofjlws u/L u/fO{ ;f]sf] ljj/0f k|dfl0ft ug{] .
-r_
pk;ldltx?sf] u7g / lj36g ug]{ .
-5_
;+:yfsf] :jLs[t b/aGbLdf of]Uotfsf cfwf/df Joj:yfks nufot cGo sd{rf/L 5gf}6
u/L lgo'lQm ug{] / sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna eQf Pj+ ;'ljwf lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-h_
;+:yf ;+rfng ;DaGWfdf cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ sfg"gL sfo{x? ug]{ / cfjZostf cg';f/
sfg"gL ;]jf lng] ;DaGwL lg0f{o ug]{ .
-em_ ;+:yfsf] of]hgf / jflif{s ah]6 ;fwf/0f ;efdf :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug{] .
-`_
;+rfns ;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf l/Qm kb k"lt{ jf ;+rfnsx?sf] kbfjlw ;lsg' cufj}
gofF ;ldlt lgjf{rgsf] sfo{ lgikIf / :jtGq 9+un] ;DkGg ug{ tf]lsP adf]lhd lgjf{rg
;ldlt u7g ug{] .
-6_
ljlgoddf Joj:yf ePsf k|fawfgsf cfwf/df k|lqmofut 9+un] ;ef jf]nfpg] / ;efsf]
plrt Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
13
-7_
-8_
-9_
-0f_
-t_
-y_
-b_
#&=
;fwf/0f ;efn] lgb]z
{ u/]sf jf :jLs[t u/]sf sfdx? ug{] .
;fwf/0f ;efsf] k|Tofof]lht clwsf/sf cfwf/df ;dod} lgwf{l/t k|lqmof k'/f u/L
u/fO{nv
] f k/LIfssf] lgo'lQm u/L ;+:yfsf] x/lx;fa n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg] .
;fwf/0f ;efsf] a}7sdf k]z ul/g] k|ltj]bgx?, ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdx?, gLltsf d:of}bfx?,
dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o cg'df]bg cflbsf] tof/L ug]{ .
;+:yfsf ;+rfns, n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/L nfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ tflnddf
;xeflu u/fpg] Joj:yf ug]{ .
kbflwsf/L Pj+ sd{rf/Lsf] 1fg, ;Lk / sfddf ?rL a9fpg tflnd Pj+ cWoog e|d0fsf]
sfo{qmd agfpg] ;fy} sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu Incentive Package sf] of]hgf agfpg] .
sfo{ ;Dkfbg tyf pknlAwsf] cfwf/df kbflwsf/L Pj+ sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{
sfo{qmd agfpg] .
;+rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] lhDd]jf/L Pj+ sfdsf] afF8kmf+8 ug]{ .
;+rfnsx?sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
-!_
cWoIfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] x'g]5 M–
-s_
;ldltsf] j}7s tyf ;fwf/0f ;efsf] j}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{ .
-v_
;fwf/0f ;ef4f/f :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf lg0f{o / ;+rfns ;ldltsf
lg0f{ox?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ u/fpg] .
-u_
;+:yfsf] rn, crn ;DklQsf] /]vb]v, ;+/If0f Pj+ plrt k|of]usf] Joj:yf ldnfpg]
.
-3_
;+rfnsx?nfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug{ u/fpg ;xof]u / ;dGjo ug]{
;fy} cfjZos lgb]z
{ g lbg] .
-ª_
;+rfnssf s'g} ;b:on] lbPsf] /fhLgfdf plrt cfwf/df :jLs[t ug]{ .
-r_
;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo ;+3, ;+:yf jf
lgsfodf ;+:yfsf] tkm{jf6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ u/fpg] .
-5_
;ldltsf] j}7s gj;]sf] cj:yfdf ckem{6 s'g} sfo{ ug{ cfjZos ePsf] /
tTsfndf pQm sfo{ geP ;+:yfnfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL x'g] ePdf ;f] sfo{ u/L jf
u/fO{ cfufdL j}7sdf cg'df]bgsf] nflu k]z ug]{ .
-h_
;fwf/0f ;ef tyf ;ldltsf] j}7sdf s'g} ljifodf dtbfg e} dt j/fj/ ePdf
lg0ff{os dt lbg] .
-em_ ;+:yfsf] s'g} sfd sf/jfxLsf] ;DjGwdf cfjZostfg';f/ hf+rj'em, lg/LIf0f ug],{
u/fpg] .
-`_
;+:yfnfO{ g]t[Tj k|bfg ug]{ / o;sf nflu ;b}j ;lqmo /xg] .
-6_
;+:yfsf] lxt tyf p2]Zo k|flKtsf nflu cfjZos kxn ug]{ .
-7_
ljlgodsf Joj:yfx?sf] k"0f{ kfngf ug{ u/fpg tbf?stf b]vfpg] .
-8_
;xsf/Lsf l;4fGtx? / ;xsf/L P]g lgod tyf ;xsf/L ljefu tyf l8lehg
;xsf/L sfof{nosf] lgb]z
{ gx?sf] kfngf ug]{ u/fpg] .
-9_
;+alGwt ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] lgb]z
{ g tyf ;'emfjx?sf] kfngf ug]{ u/fpg] ;fy}
o; ljlgod adf]lhd lbg' kg]{ ;"rgf jf k|ltj]bgx? ;dodfg} k]z ug]{ .
-0f_
;xsf/L ljefu jf ;xsf/L sfof{no jf ;xsf/Lsf ;+alGwt ;+3af6 ul/g]
cg'udg lg/LIf0f sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ Pj+ k|fKt lgb]{zg / ;'dmfjx?sf] kfngf ug]{
u/fpg] .
14
-@_
pkfWoIfsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] x'g5
] M–
-s_
cWoIfsf] sfddf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
-v_
cWoIfn] lnlvt ?kdf k|Tofof]lht u/]sf jf tf]s]sf sfo{x? ug{] .
-u_
cWoIfsf] cg'kl:yltdf cWoIfn] ug{] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x? ug{] .
-3_
;ldltsf] a}7sdf cGo ;b:o ;/x efu lng] / lg0f{odf dt lbg] .
-ª_
;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ .
-#_
;b:osf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] x'g5
] M–
-s_
;+rfns ;ldltsf] j}7sdf lgoldt ?kdf ;xefuL x'g] .
-v_
;+:yfsf] lxt / ljsf; sfo{df cfjZos ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
-u_
lg0f{o cg';f/ ljleGg pk ;ldltx?df /xL tf]lsPsf] lhDd]jf/L jxg ug]{ .
-3_
a}7saf6 ul/g] lg0f{ox? ;+:yfsf] xLtsf nflu x'g' kg]{ ljifodf ;hu /xg] .
-ª_
;xsf/Lsf ;j{dfGo l;4fGtx?, ;xsf/L P]g lgod, ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t ljlgodfjnL
/ cGo gLltx?sf] jlv{nfk x'g] u/L ;+:yf ;+rfng x'g glbg] .
-r_
;+:yf;+u cfj4 ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?sf] k|ltlgwLsf] ?kdf ;b:ox?sf] lxt k|a4{g x'g]
sfd ug]{ u/fpg] .
kl/R5]b M *
n]vf ;ldlt
#*=
n]vf ;ldlt M
-!_
;fwf/0f ;efåf/f lgjf{rgsf] k|lqmofaf6 Pshgf ;+of]hs, @ hgf ;b:o ePsf] # hgfsf]
n]vf ;ldltsf] u7g x'g]5 .
-@_
;+rfns ;ldltsf cGo kbflwsf/Lsf] nflu pDd]bjf/ x'g cfjZos kg]{ of]Uotf ePsf
z]o/ ;b:ox? n]vf ;ldltsf] kbdf lgjf{lrt x'g pDd]bjf/ aGg kfpg] 5g\ .
#(=
n]vf ;ldltsf] a}7s M n]vf ;ldltsf] j}7s sDtLdf jif{sf] rf/ k6s a:g]5 . a}7s af]nfpg]
clwsf/ ;+of]hsnfO{ x'g5
] .
$)=
n]vf ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
-!_
;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ug]{ / ;ldltnfO{ ;'emfj lbg] .
-@_
;ldlt / pk;ldltx?n] u/]sf sfd sf/jfxL / vr{ ;+:yfsf] ljlgod, ;xsf/L l;4fGt /
lgod ;Ddt 5 5}g hfFr ug{] .
-#_
;+:yfsf] s'g} sfd sf/jfxLaf6 o;sf ;b:ox?nfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL k'Ug] cj:yf ePdf jf
n]vf k/LIf0fsf] sfo{df ;+rfns jf Joj:yfkgaf6 plrt ;xof]u k|fKt gePdf jf
;'wf/fTds sbdx? ;+:yfdf t'?Gt cjnDjg ug'{ kg{] cj:yf b]lvPdf ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
af]nfpg ;ldlt ;dIf cg'/f]w ug]{ .
-$_
n]vf k/LIf0f ;DjGwL k|ltj]bg ;fwf/0f ;ef ;dIf clgjfo{ ?kdf k]z ug]{ .
-%_
n]vf ;ldltn] ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug]{ k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf ljj/0f ;d]l6Psf] x'g]5M
-s_
;ldltsf] a}7s a;]sf] ;+Vof .
-v_
ut jif{ lbOPsf] ;'emfj sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf .
-u_
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ / k|ltj]bg k]z ul/g] cf=j=sf] t'ngfTds cfly{s ljj/0f
15
-3_
-ª_
-r_
-5_
-h_
-em_
-`_
k|ltj]bg ul/g] cfly{s jif{sf] d'Vo d'Vo cfly{s pknAwL Pj+ sf/f]jf/sf sdhf]/
kIfx? .
;xsf/L l;4fGtx?, ;xsf/L P]g lgodx? Pj+ ;+:yfsf] ljlgodsf Joj:yfx?sf]
kfngfsf] cj:yf .
sd{rf/L Joj:yfkgsf ;jn kIfx? / b'jn
{ kIfx? .
;+rfns ;ldltsf] sfo{ k|0ffnL / To;df ;'wf/ ug'{ kg]{ kIfx? .
ut jif{ ;DkGg n]vfk/LIf0fsf] u'0f:t/ / ;'wf/sf ;'dmfjx? .
;+alGwt ;xsf/L sfof{no jf cfkm\gf] ;+:yf cfa4 /x]sf] ;+3n] ;+:yfsf]
sf/f]jf/sf] hfFr jf cg'udg ubf{ b]lvPsf s}lkmot, ;+rfnsx?nfO{ lbOPsf] d'Vo
d'Vo ;'dmfjsf] ljj/0f tyf kfngfsf] cj:yf .
;+:yf ;+rfngdf Joj:yfkg kIfsf] ;du| d"Nof+sgM k|efjsfl/tf, ldQJolotf,
bIftf, lqmofzLntf, sd{rf/Lsf] dgf]jnsf] cj:yf, Jofj;foLstf cflb kIfsf]
d"Nof+sg ug]{ .
$!=
n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] kbfjlw M n]vf ;ldltsf] kbfjlw ;+rfns ;ldltsf] kbfjlw ;/x
g} x'g5
] . gofF ;ldltsf] u7g gx'~h]n ;Ddsf nflu k'/fg} ;ldltn] sfdsfh rnfpg]5 . lghx?
k'g lgjf{lrt x'g ;Sg]5g\ .
$@=
ljB't pk;ldlt M
-!_
ljB't pk;ldltdf hDdf # -tLg_ hgf ;b:o /xg]5g\ ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] !
-Ps_ hgf ;~rfns ljB't pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hs x'g]5 . afFsL @ -b'O{_ hgf dWo] ! -Ps_
hgf Joj:yfks / ! -Ps_ hgf ;b:o ;ldltn] ;fwf/0f;efsf] ;b:oaf6 dgf]lgt ug{5
] .
pk;ldltsf] ;lrjsf] sfd Joj:yfksn] ug{]5 . pk;ldltsf] kbfjlw ;ldltn] tf]s]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_
ljB't pk;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostf cg';f/ h'g;'s} a]nf klg a:g ;Sg]5 . ;+of]hssf]
cfb]z cg';f/ ;lrjn] a}7s af]nfpg]5 .
-#_
ljB't pk;ldltsf] sfd, st{Ao tyf clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_
KnfG6 ;'rf? ¿kn] ;~rfng ug{ / ljt/0f Joj:yf Aojl:yt agfpg]
l;nl;nfdf ljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f gLltsf] cwLgdf /xL cfjZostf cg';f/
/]vb]v, dd{t ;'wf/ ug{ nufpg] / tt\;DaGwdf ;ldltnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx ;'emfj /
l;kmfl/; ug{] .
-v_
ljB't dx;'n lgwf{/0fsf] laifodf ;ldltnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx / ;'emfj lbg] .
-u_
ljB't dx;'n k|lqmofnfO{ cg['udg ug{] .
-3_
ljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f;DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0fdf ;ldltnfO{ /fo ;Nnfx /
;'emfj lbg] .
-ª_
ljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f;DaGwL sfo{qmd d:of}tf u/L ;ldltdf k]z ug{] .
-r_
ljB't dfu kmf/fd cWoog u/L ;ldlt ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{] .
-5_
ljB't r'xfj6 tyf ljB't dx;'n c;'n pk/ ;DaGwdf cfjZos sfo{jfxLsf]
nflu ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{] .
-h_
ljB't pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f gLlt adf]lhdsf lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x ug{] .
16
$#=
lzIff pk;ldlt M
-!_
lzIff pk;ldltdf Ps hgf ;+of]hs ;lxt tLg hgf ;b:ox? /xg]5g\ . ;ldltn] tf]s]sf]
;ldltsf] Ps hgf ;+rfns ;+of]hs / cGo b'Oh
{ gf ;b:ox? ;ldltn] dgf]gog ug]5
{ .
pk;ldltsf] kbfjlw ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_
;+:yfsf] C0fL ;b:on] efvf gf3]sf] C0f r'Stf gu/] ;Dd lzIff pk;ldltsf] s'g} kbdf
dgf]gog ul/g] 5}g .
-#_
lzIff pk;ldltsf] a}7s cfjZostfg';f/ h'g ;'s} j]nf a:g ;Sg]5 . ;+of]hsn]
pk;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg]5 .
$$=
lzIff pk;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M
-!_
;xsf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff, ;xsf/Lsf d"No dfGotf / l;4fGt nufot ljB't pTkfbg ljt/0f /
k|of]usf ;DaGwdf ;b:ox?nfO{ 1fg lbnfpgsf nflu ljifo;+u ;DalGwt tflnd,
cGtl{{qm{of, uf]i7L, ;]ldgf/sf] cfof]hgf ug]{ .
-@_
;+:yfsf] ;b:o / u}/ ;b:ox?sf jLrsf] e]bsf] jf/]df ;b:onfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] .
-#_
;+:yfdf ;s];Dd gofF ;b:ox? ;fd]n u/fpg k|oTgzLn /xg] .
-$_
pk;ldltsf] cfˆgf] sfd sf/jfxL ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{] .
$%=
cGo pk;ldltx?sf] u7g M ;+rfns ;ldltn] ;+:yfsf]] p2]Zo / sfo{x? ;+rfng ug{
cfjZostfg';f/ cGo pk–;ldltx?sf] u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;ldltn] To;/L pk;ldltsf] u7g ubf{
To:tf] pk;ldltn] ug'kg]{ sfd, sfo{ ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ cjlw tyf lghx?sf] zt{ tyf ;'ljwfx?
Tff]lslbg]5 .
kl/R5]b M (
cfly{s ;|f]t / k"FhL kl/rfng
$^=
;+:yfn] /fVg' kg{] alxvftf Pj+ lstfj M
-s_
bkmf !* adf]lhdsf] ;b:o btf{ lstfj .
-v_
k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;]jf, ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef, ;ldlt pk;ldltx¿sf] 5'§f5'§} lg0f{o
k'l:tsf .
-u_
gub alxvftf .
-3_
;+:yfsf] c¿ s'g} AolQm jf ;+3 ;+:yf;Fu s'g} sf/]fjf/ u/]sf] eP ;f] sf/f]jf/ n]vfpg]
lstfj .
-ª_
z]o/ btf{ lstfj .
-r_
AolQmut vftf .
-5_
;b:ox¿sf] AolQmut art vftf .
-h_
lhG;L btf{ lstfj .
-em_ cfDbfgL, vr{, ;DklQ / bfloTj b]lvg] vftfx¿ .
-`_
;do ;dodf ;ldltn] tf]lslbPsf] cfo clen]v Pj+ vftfx¿ .
$&=
sf]ifsf] Joj:yf M
-!_
;+:yfsf] Pp6f 5'§} sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 / ;f] sf]ifdf b]xfosf /sdx¿ /xg]5g\ M–
-s_
C0f nufot ;+:yfn] cfh{g u/]sf ;a} lsl;dsf cfDbfgL .
17
-@_
-#_
-$_
-%_
-v_
g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGt/f{li6«o bft[ ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt cg'bfg /sd .
-u_
ljb]zL ;/sf/ jf cGt/fli6«o bft[ ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt /sd .
-3_
;+:yfn] z]o/ laqmL u/] afkt k|fKt /sd / ;b:otf jfkt k|fKt z'Nsx¿ .
-ª_
cGo ;|ft] af6 k|fKt /sd .
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifsf] /sd lalgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhdsf] sfo{df vr{
ul/g]5 .
;+:yfn] ljb]zL ;/sf/ tyf cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfaf6 C0f jf cg'bfg /sd
k|fKt ug'{ cl3 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{:jLs[tL lng' kg{]5 .
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;+:yfnfO{ k|fKt x'g] ;a} /sd ;ldltn] lg0f{o u/]sf] s'g} klg
a}s
+ x¿df ;+:yfsf] gfddf cfjZos vftf vf]nL hDdf ul/g]5 / ;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt
;xsf/L sfof{nodf clgjfo{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg{5
] .
pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sf]ifsf] vftfsf] ;~rfng ;ldltn] tf]ss
] f] ;~rfns /
Joj:yfkssf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 .
$*=
sf]ifsf] ;'/Iff M ;+:yfsf] sf]if Joj:yfkssf] lhDdfdf /xg]5 . sf]ifsf] /sddWo] ;fwf/0f;efsf]
lg0f{oaf6 :jLs[t ePsf xb;Dd ;+:yfsf] gubsf] ¿kdf /fvL ;f]eGbf a9L /sd ;~rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+sdf ;+:yfsf] gfddf vftf vf]nL hDdf ug'{ kg{]5 . ;+:yfsf] vftfsf] ;~rfng
Joj:yfks / ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]lsPsf] s'g} ;~rfnssf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 x'g]5 .
$(=
sf]ifsf]
-!_
-@_
-#_
-$_
-%_
-^_
%)=
hu]8f sf]if M ;+:yfsf] hu]8f sf]ifdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf /sd /xg] 5 M–
-s_
;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf] cwLgdf /xL k|To]s cfly{s aif{sf] lx;fj n]vf k/LIf0f u/L x'g
cfpg] v'b artsf] sDtLdf @% -kRrL;_ k|ltzt /sd .
-v_
k|j]z z'Ns jfkt k|fKt x'g] /sd .
-u_
;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/af6 x'g cfpg] artdWo]af6 cGo s'g} k|sf/n] o; sf]ifdf hfg] /sd .
%!=
v'b jrtsf] jfF8kmfF8 M
-!_
v'b artsf] @% Ü /sd hu]8f sf]ifdf 5'6\ØfO{ afFsL /xg cfPsf] /sdnfO{ zt k|ltzt
-!)) Ü_ dfgL b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] k|ltztsf] /sd b]xfo jdf]lhdsf sf]ifx?df hDdf
ul/g]5 M–
-s_
z]o/ nfefF; sf]if
@%Ü
-v_
;+/lIft k"FhL lkmtf{ sf]if
@%Ü
-u_
sd{rf/L jf]g; sf]if
!%Ü
-3_
3f6f k"lt{ sf]if
%Ü
pkof]u M
ljlgoddf pNn]v eP adf]lhd ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t of]hgf cg';f/ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{] .
:jLs[t of]hgf cg';f/sf] sfo{ ug{sf] nflu cfjZos :yL/ ;DklQ vl/b ug{] .
s'g} ;+3 ;+:yf jf a}ssf] z]o/ vl/b ug{] .
C0f kq vl/b ug{] .
s'g} a}+ssf] art jf d'2tL vftfdf hDdf ug{] .
;+:yfsf] ;DklQsf] ¿kdf /x]sf ;jf/L ;fwg tyf dxTjk"0f{ ljB'tLo pks/0f Pj+
;+/rgfx¿sf] jLdf ug{] .
18
-ª_
-r_
-@_
-#_
-$_
;xsf/L lzIff / tflnd sf]if
dd{t ;Def/ sf]if
!%Ü
!%Ü
!))Ü
z]o/ nfefFz sf]ifaf6 ;b:ox?nfO{ nfef+z ljt/0f ubf{ z]o/ k"FhLsf] !%Ü eGbf a9L x'g]
u/L ljt/0f ul/g]5g} .
sd{rf/L af]g; sf]ifjf6 sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ jf]g; ljt/0f ubf{ tLg -#_ dlxgfsf] tnj a/fj/
eGbf a9L x'g] ul/ ljt/0f ul/g]5}g .
z]o/ nffefFz sf]if, ;+/lIft k"h
F Lsf]if / sd{rf/L af]g; sf]ifaf6 /sd ljt/0f eO{ afFsL
x'g cfpg] /sd hu]8f sf]ifdf hDdf ul/g]5 .
%@=
dd{t ;Def/ M ;+:yfsf Pp6f 5'§} dd{t ;Def/ sf]if x'g5
] . of] sf]ifdf ePsf] /sd s'g} klg
k|ltli7t a}s
+ df d'2tL vftf vf]nL /flvg]5 / vftfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ! -Ps_
hgf ;ldltsf ;b:o / Joj:yfkssf] ;+oQ
' m b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng x'g5
] . ;+:yfsf] rn, crn
;DklQsf] cfsl:ds ¿kdf dd{t ;Def/ / k'gMlgdf{0f ug'k{ g{] cj:yf cfOk/]df ;~rfns ;ldltn]
cfjZos lg0f{o / k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ vr{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%#=
vftf x]g{ kfpg] M ;+:yfsf] vftfx¿ ;b:on] x]g{ rfx]df h'g;'s} avt klg pknAw x'g ;Sg]5 .
t/ AolQmut art vftf ;DalGwt AolQmn] dfq x]g{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b M !)
Joj:yfkg
%$=
Joj:yfkg M
-!_
;+:yfsf] Aoj:yfkgnfO{ :j:y Pj+ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf cl3 a9fpgsf nflu
Joj:yfks÷Joj:yfks Pj+ cGo sd{rf/Lx¿sf] of]Uotf, 5gf}6, lgo'lQm, tna lgwf{/0f /
cGo ;'ljwfx¿, ;?jf, a9'jf, k'/:sf/ tyf b08;DaGwL Joj:yf sd{rf/L k|zf;g
lgodfjnL ;~rfns ;ldltåf/f th{d
' f u/L ;fwf/0f;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fO{ nfu" ul/g]5 .
-@_
;+:yf ;"rf? ¿kn] ;~rfng ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] :jLs[t dfkb08 Pj+ v'nf
k|lt:kwf{åf/f ! -Ps_ hgf of]Uo Joj:yfks÷Joj:yfkssf] lgo'lQm ug{5
] .
-#_
:jLs[t sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnLsf] cwLgdf /xL cfjZostf cg';f/ kbk"lt{
pk;ldltsf] ;xof]udf Joj:yfks÷Joj:yfksn] cGo sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm ug{5
] .
-$_
;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efn] cg'df]bg u/]sf] k|lqmof adf]lhd cfjZostf cg';f/ ;+/Ifs
;Nnfxsf/ / ;Nnfxsf/x¿ lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%%=
Joj:yfks÷Joj:yfkssf] sfd, st{Ao tyf clwsf/ M
-s_
;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs sfo{sf] k"0f{ lhDd]jf/L axg ug{] .
-v_
;+:yfsf] ;b:otf cfj]bg kmf/fdx¿ ;ª\sng Pj+ ljj/0f tof/ u/L ;ldltdf k|:t't ug{]
/ cfjZos ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg] .
-u_
;fwf/0f;ef, ;ldltsf] ;a} a}7sx¿df efu lng] / lg0f{o lbg] sfdsf nflu ;b:ox¿nfO{
cfjZos ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg], lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug{]÷u/fpg] .
19
-3_
-ª_
-r_
-5_
-h_
-em_
-`_
-6_
-7_
-8_
-9_
jflif{s of]hgf tyf ah]6 tof/ u/L ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug{], ;fwf/0f;efaf6 cg'df]bg
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug{], u/fpg] .
;ldlt / ;fwf/0f;efsf a}7sx¿sf] laifo;"lr tof/ ug{] .
;+:yfsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ z}lIfs Pj+ tflnd sfo{qmdx¿sf] of]hgf agfO{ lzIff pk;ldlt
dfkm{t\ ;~rfng ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .
;+:yfsf ;a} sd{rf/Lx¿sf nflu sf/jfxLx¿ ;"rf¿ ¿kdf ;~rfng u/fpg] /
sd{rf/Lx¿sf aLr ;dGjo ug{] .
sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/L k|zf;g;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] .
ljB't pTkfbg Pj+ lat/0f gLltsf] cwLgdf /xL ljB't pTkfbg, lat/0f, dd{t ;Def/ ug{],
u/fpg] .
;ldltk|lt pQ/bfoL /xg] .
hg;Dks{sf cGo sfo{x¿ ug{,] u/fpg] .
;ldltsf] ;b:o ;lrj eO{ sfd ug{] .
;+:yfsf] :jLs[t sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 cg';f/sf] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{] .
Joj:yfks÷Joj:yfksn] cfjZostf k/]sf] v08df cg'ejL cGo s'g} ;+u7g jf
k/fdz{bftf;Fu k|flalws jf k|aGwsLo ;/;Nnfx lbg ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b M !!
laljw
%^=
cfly{s aif{ M
-!_
;+:yfsf] cf=j= >fj0f ! ut]bl] v z'? eO{ cfufdL aif{sf] cfiff9 d;fGtdf ;dfKt x'g5
] .
-@_
;ldltn] ;+:yfsf] sf/f]jf/sf] cfly{s ljj/0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf #
dlxgf leq :jLs[t n]vf k/LIfsaf6 n]vf k/LIf0f u/fO{ k|dfl0ft u/L ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z
ug'{kg]{5 .
%&=
n]vfk/LIf0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-!_
;+:yfn] k|To]s jif{sf] lx;fa–lstfasf] n]vfk/LIf0f cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] tLg
dlxgf leq ;fwf/0f ;efn] lgo'Qm u/]sf] /lhi68{ n]vfk/LIfsaf6 u/fpg' kg]5
{ .
-@_
n]vfk/LIfsn] cfˆgf] k|ltj]bg jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ;dIf :j+o k|:t't ug{5
] .
-#_
n]vfk/LIfssf] kfl/>lds ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s] jdf]lhd x'g]5 .
-$_
Pp6} n]vfk/LIfsnfO{ nuftf/ tLg k6s eGbf a9L lgo'lQm ul/g] 5}g .
-%_
;fwf/0f ;efn] n]vf k/LIfs lgo'Qm ubf{ ;DalGwt l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt
lnOg]5 .
-^_
;fwf/0f ;efn] n]vf k/LIfssf] lgo'lQm / lghsf] kfl/>lds tf]Sg] clwsf/ ;+rfns
;ldltnfO{ lbg ;Sg]5 .
-&_
n]vf k/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgdf cGo s'/fsf] cltl/Qm b]xfosf ljj/0f ;d]t ;dflji6 ePsf]
x'g]5 M
-s_
;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] ;xsf/Lsf] d"No dfGotf / l;4fGt Pj+ k|rlnt
;xsf/L sfg"gsf] kfngf u/]sf 5g 5}gg\ .
20
-v_
-*_
;+:yfsf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] ;+:yfsf] ljlgod / ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 :jLs[t
lglt tyf lgb]l{ zsfx?sf] kfngf u/]sf 5g 5}gg\ .
-u_
n]vf k/LIfs lgo'lQmdf ;xdlt lb+bf ;+alGwt l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{non] lbPsf]
lgb]z
{ g adf]lhdsf ljifox?df ;+lIfKt l6Kk0fL .
-3_
Joj:yfksx? Aff6 kmh'n vr{ /f]Sg] tkm{ s] s:tf k|of;x? ePsf 5g jf 5}gg\ .
n]vf kl/Ifssf] k|ltj]bgdf pk/f]Qm ljj/0f ;dfj]z gePdf ;fwf/0f ;ef jf ;+alGwt
;xsf/L sfof{non] csf]{ n]vf kl/Ifs lgo'Qm ug{ lgb]z
{ ug{ ;Sg]5 jf To:tf n]vf
kl/IfsnfO{ To; ;+:yfsf] cfufdL jif{x?sf] n]vfkl/If0f ug{ cg'dlt glbg ;Sg]5 .
%*=
lgjf{rg ;DaGwL Joa:yfM
-!_
;+:yfsf] ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;+rfns ;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ug{ ;+rfns
;ldltn] Pp6f lgjf{rg pk;ldlt u7g ug{]5 .
-@_
;ldltn] lg0f{o u/L tf]ss
] f] Ps ;fdflhs jf af}l4s ?kn] k|ltli7t :yfgLo JolQm jf
;xsf/Lsf] If]qdf cg'ej xfl;n u/]sf] JolQmsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ;+:yfsf] ;b:ox? dWo]
Pshgf ;b:o -lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ gx'g_] / ;f] 7fFpdf /x]sf ljBfno, ;/sf/L sfof{no,
jf :yfgLo lgsfosf sd{rf/L jf sfg"g Joj;foL /xg] u/L hDdf tLg ;b:o ePsf]
lgjf{rg pk;ldlt u7g ug]{5 .
-#_
lgjf{rg pk;ldltn] pkbkmf -!_ df pNn]lvt kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rg k|hftflGqs
k|lqmofaf6 ;DkGg ug{]5 .
-$_
lgjf{rg pk;ldltn] lgjf{rg k|lqmof cGtu{t k|sfzg u/]sf lgjf{rg sfo{qmd,
;b:ox?nfO{ u/]sf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf, lg0f{ox?, k|of]udf NofPsf ljleGg sfuhft Pj+
dgf]gog kmf/d ;fy pDd]bjf/n] k]z u/]sf cfjZos k|df0fx? ;LN8 u/L ;'/lIft ;fy
/fVg] lhDd]jf/L gofF lgjf{lrt ;+rfns ;ldltsf] x'g]5 .
-%_
lgjf{rg ;ldltn] lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/LnfO{ lgwf{l/t 9fFrfdf k|df0fkq k|bfg ug]{5 / ;ky
u|x0f u/fpg]5 .
-^_
lgjf{rg ;ldltnfO{ cfˆgf] sfd ;DkGg ug{ u/fpg ;ldlt / ;+:yfsf] sfof{no
Joj:yfkgn] ;fwg >f]t / cfjZos hgzlQm pknAw u/fpg]5 .
%(=
;ldltsf ;b:o cj}tlgs x'g] M ;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ nufot ;b:ox¿
cj}tlgs x'g]5g\ . t/ ;~rfns ;b:odWo] s;}n] k|aGw ;~rfnssf ¿kdf sfo{ u/L lnPsf]
kfl/>ldsnfO{ afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
^)=
PsLs/0f, ljefhg / la36g M ;+:yfsf] s'n ;b:osf] @÷# -b'O{ ltxfO{_ ;b:ox¿n] k|:tfj kfl/t
u/L ;+:yf PsLs/0f jf laefhg jf la36g ug{] lg0f{o u/]df PsLs/0f jf laefhg jf la36g ug{
;lsg]5 . o;/L ;+:yf PsLs/0f, laefhg / la36g ubf{ ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf] bkmf #! / $!
adf]lhdsf] k|lqmofsf] kfngf ul/g]5 .
^!=
dWo:ytf M
-!_
;+:yfsf] n]gb]g tyf sf/f]jf/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf kIfx¿sfjLr ljjfb p7L ;f]
ljjfb ;ldlt tyf ;fwf/0f;efaf6 ;dfwfg x'g g;s]df ;f]sf] ;dfwfgsf nflu ;+:yf
btf{ ug{] lgsfo, /fli6«o ;xsf/L ljsf; af]8,{ ;xsf/L ;+3, :yfgLo lgsfox¿ tyf
ljB't;DaGwL lgsfo Pj+ cGo ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ dWo:ytfsf] nflu cg'/f]w ug{ ;lsg]5
.
21
-s_
-@_
-#_
;+:yf / lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 jf ljifout ;+3 jf s]Gb|Lo ;+3 jf /fli6«o ;xsf/L
;+3jLr .
-v_
;+:yf / cfˆgf sd{rf/Lx¿saLr .
-u_
;+:yf / ;~rfns ;ldlt jf ;~rfnsaLr .
-3_
;~rfns ;ldlt / ;b:ox¿sfaLr .
pkbkmf ! adf]lhd ;'lDkPsf] ljj/0fsf] lg¿k0f ug{ b'O{ kIfx¿dWo] k|To]s kIfn] ! -Ps_
hgf / ljjfb u|x0f u/]sf] lgsfon] ! -Ps_ hgf u/L hDdf # -tLg_ hgf dWo:ystf{
dgf]gLt ug'{kg{]5 .
ljjfb u|x0f ug{] lgsfoåf/f dgf]lgt dWo:ystf{sf] cWoIftf ug{5
] . dWo:ystf{x¿sf]
ljjfb;DaGwL lg0f{o cWoIf ;lxtsf] ax'dtaf6 x'g]5 .
^@=
cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj /fVg ;lsg] M
-!_
;fwf/0f ;efsf kfFr k|ltzt ;b:on] ;ldltsf] s'g} lgjf{lrt ;b:onfO{ x6fpg' kg]{ jf
;ldltnfO{ lj36g ug'{kg]{ cf}lrTo 5 egL ;fw/0f;efdf k|:tfj k]z u/]df cljZjf;sf]
k|:tfj NofOPsf] dflgg]5 .
-@_
;ldltsf] s'g} ;b:o k|lt NofO{Psf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj pk/ ;f] ;b:on]] ;fwf/0f ;efdf
pkl:yt eO{ cfˆgf] :ki6Ls/0f / ;kmfO{ k]z ug{ kfpg]5 .
-#_
;fwf/0f;efsf] ax'dtaf6 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj kfl/t ePdf jf ;ldlt lj36g ug]{ lg0f{o
ePdf To:tf] kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:o kbaf6 x6\g] jf ;ldltsf] lj36g x'g]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ jdf]lhd ;ldltsf] lj36g ePdf jf s'g} ;~rfns kbaf6 x6]df
;fwf/0f;efn] gofF ;ldlt jf ;~rfnssf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL Joj:yf ug{' kg{5
] t/ To:tf]
Joj:yf ldnfpg ljnDa gu/L oyfzL3| ;DkGg ug'{ kg{5
] .
^#=
ljlgod ;+zf]wg M s'n ;b:odWo] sDtLdf %! -PsfpGg_ k|ltzt pkl:yt ePsf] ;fwf/0f;efdf
@÷# -b'O{ ltxfO{_ ;b:ox¿af6 kfl/t eO{ ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] lalgod ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L
;+zf]wg ePsf] ljlgod ;xsf/L P]g jdf]lhd /lhi6«f/n] lnlvt :jLs[lt lbPkl5 dfq nfu" x'g]5 .
^$=
AofVof ug{] clwsf/ M o; ljlgodsf] AofVof ug{] clwsf/ ;fwf/0f;efnfO{ x'g5
] . o;/L AofVof
ubf{ ;xsf/L P]g, lgod ljk/Lt x'g] u/L AofVof ug{] kfOg] 5}g .
^%=
lgodfjnL tyf gLltx¿ agfpg ;Sg] M ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;'rf¿ ¿kn] ;~rfng ug{ ;+:yfn]
sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnL, cfly{s k|zf;g lgodfjnL clgjfo{ ¿kn] th'd
{ f u/L sfo{ ;~rfng
ug'k{ g{5
] . ;+:yfn] cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo gLltx¿ agfO{ ;fwf/0f;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fO{ nfu"
ug{]5 . o:tf] lgodfjnL, sfo{ljlw tyf lgb]l{ zsf ;xsf/L P]g lgod tyf ljefuaf6 hf/L ePsf]
dfkb08 ljkl/t jgfpg kfOg] 5}g .
^^=
cdfGo x'g] M o; ljlgodsf] pNn]lvt s'g} Joj:yfx¿ ;xsf/L P]g, lgod / l;4fGt;Fu aflemg
uPdf aflemPsf] xb;Dd :jtM cdfGo x'g5
] Pj+ o; lalgoddf pNn]v gePsf s'/fx¿sf] af/]df
;xsf/L P]g, lgod / l;4fGt adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf cg';f/ ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/jfxL ;~rfng ul/g] 5
.
22
^&=
zky u|x0f M ;+rfns ;ldlt / n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?n] tf]lsP adf]lhd zky lng'kg{5
] .
zky u|x0f cg';"rL–$=^ df tf]lsPsf] 9fFrf adf]lhd x'g]5 .
^*=
arfp M s'g} ;+rfns jf ;fwf/0f;efsf] k|ltlglwsf] lgjf{rg jf lgo'lQmsf ;DaGwdf ;xsf/L P]g,
lgod / ljlgod cGtu{tsf] s'g} Joj:yfsf] kfng ePsf] 5}g eGg] s'/f kl5 7xl/g uPdf To;/L
7x/Lg' eGbf cufa} To:tf] ;+rfns ;ldlt, pk;ldlt jf ;fwf/0f;efn] u/]sf] sfd sf/jfxL ;f]
s'/fn] dfq ab/ x'g] 5}g .
k]z ug]{ sd{rf/Lsf]
:jLs[t ug]{ kbflwsf/Lsf]
gfd M–
b:tvt M–
kb M–
btf{ ug]{ sfof{nosf] 5fkM–
gfd M–
b:tvt M–
kb M–
btf{ ldlt M–
23
cg';'rL – $=!
-ljlgod bkmf % ;Fu ;DalGwt _
;+:yfsf] lrGx / 5fk
24
cg';"rL – $=@
-ljlgodsf] bkmf !# ;Fu ;DalGwt_
kf;kf]6{
;fOhsf]
kmf]6f]
================= ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8
=========================
z]o/ b/vf:t kmf/fd
>L cWoIf Ho",
;~rfns ;ldlt
================= ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 .
dxfzo,
To; ;+:yfsf] ljlgod cg';f/ z]o/ vl/bsf] nflu lgDg /sd o;} lgj]bg;fy k]z u/]sf] 5' . z]o/
vl/b ;DaGwdf ;+:yfn] u/]sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd tyf ;+:yfsf] jt{dfg tyf kl5 aGg] lalgodx¿sf] ;d]t
kfngf u/L ;+:yfsf] ;b:o x'gsf nflu d~h'/ ePsf]n] ;b:otf k|bfg u/L lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .
z]o/ ;ª\Vof
cIf/dfM
ldltM
k|lt z]o/ ¿= !))÷– n] hDdf ¿= ÷–
cIf/df ¿=M
k|a]z z'Ns ¿M
s'n hDdf bflvnf /sdM
g]kfnLdf M
>L÷>LdtL÷gfjns M
lgj]bssf] gfd In English M
:yfoL 7]ufgf
Ans g+ M
gu/kflnsf÷uf=lj=;
Mr./Mrs./Minor
j8f g+ M
6f]n M
kf]=j=g+
lhNnf M
kmf]g g+
kqfrf/ 7]ufgf
afa'sf] gfd
afh]÷kltsf] gfd
OR5fOPsf] AolQmsf] gfd
;+/Ifssf] gfd -gfjfnssf] xsdf_
lgj]bsf] NofKr]
bfofF
afofF
lgj]bs
25
;+:yfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq M
k|bfg ul/Psf] z]o/ lsQf g+ M====================================b]lv=======================;Dd hDdf lsQf=================
z]o/ /sd ¿= M========================== ÷– k|az
] z'Ns ¿=================== ÷– ;d]t hDdf ¿==================== ÷–
k|df0f kq g+=====================================================k|df0f kq ldltM=========================================
;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{osf] ldlt========================
¿h' ug{]sf] b:tvt
k|dfl0ft ug{]sf] b:tvt
gf]6M ;b:o x'g rfxg]n] ug'{kg{] cGo ljj/0f M
!=
of] ;b:otf kmf/fddf pNn]lvt ljj/0f k|i6 / ;kmf g]kfnL tyf cª\u|]hL b'a} cIf/df eg'{kg{]5 .
@=
gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk ;+nUg x'g'kg{]5 .
#=
k|lt lsQf jfkt ¿= !))÷– sf b/n] sDtLdf ! -Ps_ lsQfn] x'g] /sd ¿= !))÷– -Ps ;o_
;+:yfdf a'emfpg' kg{]5 .
$=
k|a]z z'Ns jfkt ¿= %)÷–-krf;_ a'emfpFg' kg{]5 .
%=
Ps k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] kmf]6]f lgj]bgsf] l;/fgdf 6fF;L Nofpg' kg{]5 / kl/ro kqsf] nflu c6f]
;fOhsf] Ps k|lt kmf]6f] lga]bg;Fu} gTyL u/L Nofpg' kg{]5 .
26
cg';"rL – $=#
-;xsf/L lgodfjnLsf] lgod @! pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ tyf ljlgodsf] bkmf !* ;Fu ;DjlGwt_
=========== ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
=============================
;b:otf btf{ lstfj
l;=g+
afh]sf]
gfd
afa'sf]
gfd
klt jf
kTgLsf]
gfd
;b:osf]
gfd
pd]/
7]ufgf
k]zf
vl/b
u/]sf]
z]o/
;+Vof
;b:o
ePsf]
ldlt
27
dgf]lgt
xsjfnf
sf] gfd
pd]/
7]ufgf
b:tvt
jf
;xL
s}lkmot
cg';'rL – $=$
-ljlgodsf] bkmf @! ;+u ;DjlGwt_
>L ========== ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ========
=========================
-;xsf/L P]g, @)$* adf]lhd :yflkt_
z]o/ k|df0f–kq
;b:otf g+======
ldlt====================
>L ========================================== sf] gfltgL >L =================================== sf] 5f]/L >L
========================================= sf] kTgL, ;d'x g+====================sf ;b:o,=================== lhNnf
====================ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt, j8f g+= =========== a:g] >LdtL==================================n] o; ============
ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ?= =========== b/sf] z]o/ g+= ============== b]lv ================== ;Ddsf] hDdf
=====================lsQf z]o/ jfkt hDdf ?============================================
cIf/]kL======================================dfq_ a'emfO{ o; ;+:yfsf] z]o/ v/Lb ug'{ ePsf]n] o; ;+:Yffsf] 5fk
nfu]sf] of] k|df0f kq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
======================
;+:yfsf] 5fk
==========================
Joj:yfks
========================
cWoIf
z]o/ bflvnf ljj/0f
qm=;
k|lt
z]o/
d"No
z]o/
;+Vof
z]o/
vl/b
ldlt
a'emf bflvnf vf/]h
Psf]
ePsf] z]o/
hDdf
ldlt lsQf
/sd
;+:yfaf6
;+:yf
afFsL k|dfl0ft ug]{sf]
sf]
z]o/
b:tv
5fk
7]ufgf
gfd
t
bflvnf vf/]h
u/L kfpg]sf]
gfd
28
cg';"rL – $=%
-ljlgodsf] bkmf @@ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{
==================== ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8
ljB't dx;'n lt/]sf] ;ª\s]t sf8{
gfd M
u|fxs g+ M
¿=
;Íng /sd
Dlxgf
¿lkofF
k};f
c= Nof
dx;'n
/l;b /l;bsf] a'lemln
dlxgf
g+
ldlt
g]sf]
b:tvt
;ª\sn
g /sd
/l;b
g+
k}
/l;b
ldlt
dx;'n
a'lemlng]
sf]
b:tvt
=====>fj0f
efb|
cflZjg
sflt{s
d+l;/
kf}if
df3
kmfNu'g
r}q
a}zfv
h]i7
c;f/
gf]6 M k|To]s aif{sf] cGt jf z'?df n]h/df ;Dks{ u/L cfkm\gf] afFsL aSof}tfaf/] oyfy{ ljj/0f lng'xf]nf .
29
cg';"rL – $=^
-ljlgod ^& ;Fu ;DalGwt_
zky u|x0f
d ============= ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 ====================== sf] ===================== kbdf ;fwf/0f;efaf6
lgjf{lrt ePsf]df kbflwsf/Lsf] x}l;otjf6 s'g} lsl;dsf] nf]e, nfnr / df]nflxhf gu/L kIfkft /lxt
9+Ëjf6 lg0f{o ug]{5' . dnfO{ 1ft x'g cfPsf] ;xsf/L / ;+:yf;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} uf]Ko s'/f cflwsfl/s
JolQm jfx]s cGo s;}nfO{ d kbdf /x] jf g/x]sf] h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf eGg] jf
;+s]t ug]{ 5}g .
kb u|x0f ug{] kbflwsf/Lsf]
zky u/fpg] clwsf/Lsf]
-s_ gfd M
-s_ gfd M
-v_ kb M
-v_ kb M
-u_ b:tvt M
-u_ b:tvt M
-3_ ldlt M
-3_ ldlt M
30
cg';"rL – %
===========hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL @)&======
k|:tfjgf M
=========================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] p2]Zocg'?k ;+:yfsf] cfly{s ultljlwnfO{ Jojl:yt Pj+
kf/bzL{ ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] ljlgodsf] kl/R5]b ================= sf] bkmf ==================n] lbPsf]
clwsf/ k|of]u u/L cfly{s lgodfjnL th'd
{ f u/L nfu" ug{ af~5gLo ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6
kfl/t u/L of] lgodfjnL nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .
kl/R5]b M !
k|f/lDes
!= gfd / k|f/De M
-s_ of] lgodfjnLsf] gfd ==============================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] …cfly{s k|zf;g
lgodfjnL @)&====Ú x'g5
] .
-v_ of] lgodfjnL t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM
ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf,
s_ …lgodfjnLÚ eGgfn] ===================================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] cfly{s k|zf;g
lgodfjnL @)&==== nfO{ hgfpg]5 .
v_ …;+:yfÚ eGgfn] ==========================================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
u_ …;~rfns ;ldltÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .
3_ …pk–;ldltÚ eGgfn] ljlgod jdf]lhd ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;+rfns ;ldltn] u7g ug]{
pk;ldltx¿nfO{ hgfpg]5 .
ª_ …k|jGwsÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sf/f]jf/ / k|jGwsLo sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgo'Qm JolQmnfO{
hgfpg]5 .
r_ …ljlgodÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t ljlgod / To;df a]nfa]nfdf ePsf ;+;f]wg ;d]tnfO{
hgfpg]5 .
5_ …cfly{s jif{Ú eGgfn] >fj0f ;+qmflGtb]lv c;f/d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
h_ …;fwf/0f;efÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
em_ …;~rfnsÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?nfO{ hgfpg]5 .
#= JofVof ug]{ clwsf/ M
of] lgodfjnLsf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd clwsf/ ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ x'g5
] .
$= ;+;f]wg ug]{ clwsf/ M
of] lgodfjnLsf] ;+;f]wg ug]{ clwsf/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|:tfjdf ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ x'g5
] .
1
%= vf/]hL / jrfp M
s_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ePsf s'/fx? o;} cg';f/ / lgodfjnLdf pNn]v gePsf s'/fx? ;+:yfsf]
ljlgod tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .
v_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ul/Psf s'/fx? ljlgod;Fu jf k|rlnt sfg"g;Fu aflemPsf] xb;Dd ab/
x'g]5g\ .
kl/R5]b M @
sfo{qmd tyf ah]6
^= sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 tof/ u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ M
s_ ;+:yfsf] lgwf{l/t p2]Zo tyf nIo xfl;n ug{ k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfpg]
cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 tof/ u/L rfn' cf=j=df x'g] ;fwf/0f;efdf k]z ug'k{ g]5
{ .
v_ ;ldltn] sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 d:of}bf tof/ ug{ lgDgfg';f/sf] sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 d:of}bf pk;ldlt
u7g ug{ ;Sg]]5 .
;+of]hs – ;+:yfsf] sf]iffWoIf
;b:o – ;~rfnsx?dWo]af6 ! hgf
;b:o – k|jGws
u_ ;fwf/0f;efaf6 :jLs[t sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 sfof{Gjog ug{ k|jGwsnfO{ clwsf/ lbg ;lsg]5 .
3_ ;ldltn] sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 sfof{Gjog k|ult q}dfl;s ?kdf ;dLIff ug'{kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b M #
:jLs[t ah]6 vr{ ug]{ clwsf/
&= vl/b jf lgdf0f{ ug]{ clwsf/M
s_ ;+:yfsf] nflu vr{ e} hfg] / ljB't k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f nfO{g dd{t ;Def/sf nflu cfjZos kg]{
;fdfg vl/b ubf{ :jLs[t jflif{s jh]6 / sfo{qmdleq /xL lgDgfg';f/ ug'{kg]{5 .
!= Ps k6sdf ?=!),))).– ;Ddsf] ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ k|jGws cfkm+}n] lgodfg';f/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@= Ps k6sdf ? !),))).–eGbf dfly ?=%),))).–;Ddsf] vr{ eP/ hfg] ;fdfg / ljB't
k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f nfOg dd{t ;Def/sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ sf]6z
] g
lnP/ k|jGws / sf]iffWoIfsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ vl/b ug'{ kg]5
{ .
#= s_ ?=%),))).– b]lv ?=@)),))).– ;Ddsf o:tf vr{ e} hfg] ;fdfg / ljB't k|;f/0f jf
ljt/0f nfOgsf] dd{t ;Def/sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfg vl/b ug'{ kbf{ lgodfg';f/
sf]6]zg lnP/ vl/b pk;ldltsf] a}7ssf] lg0f{on] ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o:tf] vl/bsf] ;~rfns
;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg' kg]{5 .
v_ ;+:yfsf] k|of]usf] nflu :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmd / jh]6 tyf gLlt cg';f/ oGq, pks/0f, 3/,
hUuf, uf]bfd, ;jf/L ;fwg, 6«fG;km/d/, ljB't k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f nfOgsf ;fdu|L, ljz]if dd{t
tyf cGo :yfoL k|sl[ tsf ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ pQm sfo{ ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o u/L dfq ug'{
kg]5
{ . pQm sfo{sf lgldQ ;~rfns ;ldltdf l;kmfl/; ug{ lgDgfg';f/sf] vl/b pk;ldlt u7g
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
2
u_
3_
ª_
r_
5_
!= ;+of]hs – ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf jf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] JolQm
@= ;b:o – ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:o – ! hgf
#= k|aGws – ;b:o ;lrj
pQm sfo{ ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ k|fljlws k|:tfj, nfut–Oli6d]6 cflb cfjZos kg]{
k|fljlwsx? lgo'Qm u/L jf tf]sL ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
:yfgLo lgsfo, ;/sf/ jf c? bft[ lgsfox?af6 k|fKt x'g] C0f tyf cg'bfg ah]6nfO{ klg bkmf
& cg';f/s} k|lqmof k"/f u/L vr{ ug'{ kg]{5 . jflif{s sfo{qmddf gk/]sf o:tf sfo{x? cfufdL x'g]
;fwf/0f;efaf6 cg'df]bg u/fpg' kg]5
{ .
ljB't nfOg ljt/0f tyf k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf0f{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfg ? ! nfv;Dd
lznaGbL b/efpkq # j6f lnO{ kbflwsf/Lsf] ;ldltn] vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 . pQm lg0f{o ;~rfns
;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg ug'{kg]{5 .
?=@)),))).–eGbf dfly ?=@) nfv;Ddsf dfly pNn]lvt :yfoL k|sl[ tsf ;fdfg vl/b ubf{
tLgk|lt lznaGbL b/efpkq lnP/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ vl/b ug'{kg]{5 .
?=@! nfveGbf dflysf] ;fdfg vl/b ug{ lj:t[t k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj tof/ u/L jf]nkq
cfXjfg u/L u/fpg' kg]5
{ .
*= ah]6 /sdfGt/0f / ykM
;fwf/0ftof Ps zLif{sdf ljlgof]lhg ul/Psf] /sd csf]{ zLif{sdf /sdfGt/0f ug{ kfOg] 5}g . l:js[t
sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] /sd Ps lzif{ssf] jh]6 /sd csf]{ lzif{sdf a9Ldf bz k|ltzt ;Dd /sdfGt/
ug{ ;lsg] 5 . t/ ljz]if cj:yfdf s'g} zLif{sdf /sd gk'u ePdf cfjZostf / k|of]hg x]/L
;~rfns ;ldltn] ah]6 zLif{sdf yk jf /sdfGt/0f ug{ o;n] jfwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g . pQm yk
tyf /sdfGt/0f ul/Psf] jh]6 ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 cg'df]bg ug'{ kg]5
{ .
(= vftf ;~rfngM
s_ ljlgod adf]lhd jf ljlgoddf gtf]ss
] f] eP klg ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ /sd a}s
+ df ;+:yfsf] gfddf
vftf vf]nL /flvg] 5 .
v_ o:tf] vftfsf] ;~rfng ;+:yfsf] cWoIf, sf]iffWoIf, k|aGws / sf]iffWoIfdWo] s'g} b'Os
{ f] ;+oQ
' m
b:tvtaf6 ul/g]5 .
!)= a}+saf6 e'QmfgL lbg]M
s_ ;+:yfn] s'g} klg sf/f]jf/sf] e'QmfgL ubf{ ? %,))).– eGbf a9L e'QmfgL r]såf/f ug'{ kg]{5 .
v_ ;+:yfdf x'g] ;fgfltgf vr{ e'QmfgL ubf{ ?= !),))).–;Ddsf] ;fgf] gubL sf]if v8f ug{ ;lsg]5 .
kl/R5]b M $
k"FhL
!!= k"FhL kl/rfng / nufgL M
s_ ;b:ox?nfO{ z]o/ laqmL u/L ;ª\sng ul/Psf] k"h
F LnfO{ ;+:yfn] Jofkf/ jf s'g} nufgL gu/]sf]
cj:yfdf ;aeGbf a9L Jofh lbg] pko'Qm a+s
} df hDdf ug'{ kg]5
{ .
v_ ;+:yfsf] sfdsf] k|sl[ t / p2]Zo cg';f/sf] ;fdfgsf] Jofkf/ ug{sf] nflu nufgL ug{ ;Sg]5 t/
o;/L nufgL u/]sf] lx;fjnfO{ 5'§} Jojl:yt ug'{ kg]{5 .
3
u_ ;xsf/L / cGo /fd|f] gfkmf sdfpg ;Sg] ;+:yfx?sf] z]o/ vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .
3_ ;+:yf :jod\ jf ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ljB't pTkfbgsf] sfd ug{ ;Sg]5 .
ª_ ;+:yfn] cfkm";Fu ePsf] k"FhLaf6 cfˆgf] sfo{If]qleq ljB't vkt x'g] of]hgf, Joj;fo jf 3/fo;L
ljB't h8fg sfo{sf nflu ;b:ox?nfO{ n3' shf{ :j?k shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]5 .
r_ ;+:yfn] ;fd'bflos k'FhL lgdf{0f ug{ ;b:ox?jf6 lgIf]k l:jsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b M %
dfn;fdfg vl/b tyf laqmLsf] Joj:yf
!@= dfn;fdfg vl/b tyf laqmL M
s_ ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] k|of]usf] nflu jf sf/f]jf/ -Jofkf/_ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos dfn;fdfg ;ldltsf]
lg0f{oaf6 lgodfg';f/ v/Lb ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!= ;+:yfn] s'g} vf; k|sf/sf] Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug{sf nflu lgDgfg';f/ # ;b:oLo Joj;fo
pk;ldlt u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!=!_ ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:odWo] Ps hgf
;+of]hs
!=@_ ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:odWo] Ps hgf
;b:o
!=#_ k|aGws
;b:o ;lrj
@_ ;ldltn] ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ pTkfbs jf yf]s laqm]tfaf6 d"No 36f36sf] cfwf/df vl/b ug'{
kg]{5 .
#_ ;fdfgsf] u'0f:t/, ahf/ d"No, laqmL b/ cflb laZn]if0f u/L vl/b ug]{ / laqmL b/ lgwf{/0f
ug'{ kg]{5 .
$_ ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ljleGg k|sf/sf ;fdfg tyf ;+:yfaf6 laqmL ljt/0fsf] nflu vl/b
ug]{ ;fdfgx? vl/bsf nflu k|To]s cf=j df ;fdfg pTkfbs tyf ;Knfo;{x? ;"lrs[t u/L
;"lrs[tdWo]af6 tTsflng b/efpsf] cfwf/df ;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ :yfoL k|sl[ tsf
sfof{no k|of]hgsf ;fdfgx? vl/b ubf{ bkmf & s sf] # s cg';f/ k|lqmof k"/f u/L vl/b
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
v_ ;+:yfn] ;Dklt lsl;dsf dfn;fdfg vl/b tyf ljqmL ubf{ jf pTkfbg ubf{ nfut d"No lgwf{/0f /
nfut lx;fj tyf ljqmL sldzg lgwf{/0f ug{sf] nflu b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Ps vl/b ljqmL pk;ldlt
u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 M
!= ;~rfnsdWo]af6 ;+of]hs
Ps hgf
@= ;~rfnsdWo]af6 ;b:o
Ps hgf
#= k|jGws ;b:o ;lrj
Ps hgf
u_ pklgod -v_ adf]lhdsf] pk;ldltn] k|rlnt lgod cg';f/ vl/b ug]5
{ .
3_ lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfd ubf{ klg o:t} pk;ldltn] k|rlnt lgod cg';f/ sfd ug]{5 . 7]Ssf nufpg],
e'QmfgL lbg] cflb sfd klg k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
ª_ 9'jfgL Joj:yf, lnnfd laqmL ug]{ cflb klg k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
4
kl/R5]b M ^
;Dkltsf] lhDdf, nut, lg/LIf0f / a/a'emf/y
!#= ;Dkltsf] lhDdf, nut, lg/LIf0f / a/a'emf/y M
s_ ;+:yfdf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ gub tyf lhG;L ;Dkltx? ;~rfns ;ldltsf] dftxt k|aGws jf lghsf]
dftxt sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf x'g5
] .
v_ k|aGws / cGo sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] ;Dkltsf] ;+/If0f ;Def/ / rfn' cj:yfdf /fVg] bfloTj
k|aGwssf] x'g]5 . ;fy} ;Dklt lxgfldgf ePdf lghx? g} hjfkmb]xL x'g'kg]{5 .
!$= ;Dkltsf] lg/LIf0fM
;:yfdf /x]sf] ;Dkltsf] dfl;s lg/LIf0f u/L k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ k|aGws sf]
lhDa]jf/L x'g5
] .
!%= ;Dkltsf] ef]lts kl/If0f M
;:yfsf] ;+:klQ ef}lts kl/If0f cw{aflif{s ?kdf u/L ;~rfngs ;ldltdf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{
k|aGwssf] lhDa]jf/L x'g5
] .
!^= sfd gngUg] ;/;fdfg ;Dkltsf] lnnfd las|LM
sfd gnfUg] ;/;fdfg tyf ;+klQsf] ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 l:js[tL u/fO{ lnnfd tyf las|L ug'{
k|aGwssf] lhDa]jf/L x'g5
] .
s_ k'/fgf, sfd gnfUg] lau|LPsf / eTs]sf] ?=%,))).– ;Dd d'No k/]sf ;fdfgx¿ lnnfd ug'{
k/]df cWoIfsf] :jLs[tL lnO{ Aoa:yfksn] ug{ ;Sg]5 / ;f] sf] hfgsf/L ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{
ug'{ kg]{5 .
v_ ;f] eGbf a9L d'No kg]{ ;fdfgsf] xsdf ;+rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o ug]{5 .
u_ jflif{s ?kdf sfd gnfUg] eO{ z'Go d'No x'g k'u]sf ;fdfgsf] ;'lr k|aGwsn] tof/ u/L ;+rfns
;ldltjf6 cg'df]bg u/L To:tf ;DkltnfO{ n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgjf6 x6fOg] 5 .
!&= ;Dkltsf] x|f; s§LM
s_ ;+u7gsf ;a} k|sf/sf vKg] lhG;L ;fdfgx¿df k|rlnt lgod sfg'g cg';f/ 36\bf] b/df x|f;
s§L (Diminishing Balance System) af6 u/Lg]5 .
v_ ?=%,))).– eGbf sdsf] ;fdfgsf] xsdf h'g jif{ v/Lb u/]sf] xf] ;f]lx jif{ zt k|ltzt x|f;
s§L u/Lg]5 . t/ o:tf ;fdfgsf] /]s8{ eg] lhG;L vftfdf /flvg] 5 .
!*= ;Dkltsf] a'ema'emf/yM
s_ gubL, lhG;L, dfn;fdfg tyf ;|:] tfsf] lhDdf lng] sd{rf/L jf k|aGws jf ;~rfns ;?jf, j9'jf,
lgnDag, cjsf; jf ;+:yf 5f]8L hfFbf !% lbg leq a'em a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 . a'lemlng]n] t'?Gt
a'lemlng' kg]{5 .
v_ pklgod -s_ cg';f/ aema'emf/y x'bF f ;Dkltsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL ePsf] b]lvPdf ;~rfns ;ldltn]
gf]S;fgL a/fa/sf] d"No c;'n pk/ u/L lghdfly k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sfjf{xL ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
5
kl/R5]b M &
n]vf tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg
!(= n]vf tyf cfly{s k|ltj]bg
s_ ;+:yfn] ;xsf/L P]g, lgodfjnL, ljlgodfjnLdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf vftfx? /fVg' kg]5
{ .
v_ ;+:yfdf cfly{s sf/f]jf/ x'gf;fy To;sf] n]vf :ki6, Jojl:yt / cWofjlws lsl;dn] /fVg'kg]5
{ .
u_ pklgod -v_ cg';f/ k|To]s cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf] n]vf /fVbf ;f] sf/f]jf/nfO{ k':6\ofO ug]{ ljn,
ef}r/, /l;b, ekf{O, ;Demf}tf kq jf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo sfuhftx?;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{5 .
3_ ;+:yfdf k|To]s lbg k|fKt ePsf] gub jf lhG;L dfn;fdfgnfO{ lgDg adf]lhd ug'{ kg]5
{ M
!_ ljqmLaf6 k|fKt gub /l;b sf6L b}lgs cfDbfgL afWg' kg]5
{ . o;/L k|fKt gubnfO{ oyf;Dej
;f]xL lbg / gEofP dfq ef]lnkN6 a}+s bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
@_ ;+:yfdf k|fKt x'g cfPsf] lhG;L÷dfn;fdfg lhG;L vftfdf cfDbfgL afWg' clgjfo{ x'g5
] .
#_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgx? -vr{ gx'g]_ ;+:yfnfO{ cg'bfg :j?k k|fKt ePdf ;f] sf] gub
d"NofÍsgsf nflu ;~rfns ;ldlt cfkm}+ jf ;~rfns ;ldltn] # ;b:oLo d"NofÍg ;ldlt
u7g ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$_ ljn, ekf{O, /l;b k'li6ut sfuhft ;+nUg ePsf] :jls[t ef}r/sf] cfwf/df dfq r]s tof/
ug'{ kg]5
{ . k|To]s ef}r/ sf]iffWoIf jf tf]lsPsf] ;DjlGwt clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ljf6 k|dfl0ft
u/fO /fVg' k5{ .
%_ ef}r/sf] qmd cg';f/ j}+sa'sdf kf]li6ª ul/xfNg' kg]{5 .
^_ r]s÷e'QmfgL k|fKt ug]{sf] b:tvt÷l/l;K6 lnOxfNg' kg]{5 .
&_ ;+:yfdf k|fKt ePsf] lhG;L ;fdfgnfO{ lhG;L vftfdf /fVg' kg]5
{ . ;+:yfnfO{ k|fKt lhG;L
;fdfgsf] d'Nof+sg d'Nof+sg ;ldltaf6 u/fpg' kg]{5 .
ª_ ljB't ljt/0f jf k|;f/0f nfOg ;DaGwL lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] 5'§} lhG;L vftf /fVg' kg]5
{ .
r_ ljB't o'lg6 pTkfbg, vl/b / ljlqmsf] dfl;s nut tof/ ul/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
5_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] dfl;s a}7sdf k|jGwsn] dfl;s k|utL k|lta]bg tyf dfl;s cfly{s k|lta]bg
:jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{ 5
h_ n]vf clws[t÷;xfossf] ;xof]df jflif{s cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg'{ sf]iffWoIfsf] lhDd]jf/L x'g5
] .
em_ jflif{s cfly{s k|ltj]bgdf lgDg b:tfj]h ;+nUg x'g kg]{5
!_ ;Gt'ng kl/If0f
@_ ;fx' tyf cf;fdLx?sf] ljl:qt ljj/0f -sd{rf/L k]ZsL ;lxt_
#_ a}+s ;Dkfbg ljj/0f
$_ cWofjlws vr{sf] ljj/0f / ah]6sf] l:ylt
%_ cfufdL jif{sf] nflu k|If]k0f
^_ jrt tyf vr{sf]
`_ cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf lal:t[t ljj/0f ;lxtsf]] ;+:yfsf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f agfO{ k|jGwsn]
sf]iffWoIf ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]5
{ / sf]iffWoIfn] ;+:yfsf] cfly{s l:ylt ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] /fo ;lxt
;+rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@)= cfly{s lgoGq0f
s_ ;+3sf] lgwf{l/t p2]Zo tyf nIo xfl;n ug{ k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df ;+rfns ;ldltn] cfufld
jif{sf] sfo{qmd tyf jh]6 tof/ u/L rfn' cfly{s jif{df x'g] ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug'{ kg]5
{ .
6
v_ jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;+3sf] sf]iffWoIfsf] x'g5
] / o;sf] nflu cfjZos
;xof]u ug'{ ljQ / Joj:yfksf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
u_ q}dfl;s cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L jh]6 / jf:tljs vr{sf] t'ngfTds ljj/0f ;+rfns ;ldltdf
k]z ug'{ Joj:yfkssf] lhDd]jf/L x'g5
] . o;df ;ldIff u/L cfjZos ;+;fwfg ;+rfns ;ldltn]
ug]{ 5 jf cg'df]bgsf] nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
3_ :jLs[t jh]6 lzif{ssf] !) k|ltzt ;Dd x]/km]/ ug]{ clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] x'g]5 . To;eGbf
dfly ;fwf/0f ;efjf6 cg'df]bg ug'{ kg]5
{ .
@!= cfGtl/s n]vf kl/If0fM
s_ ;+:yfsf] lx;fj lstfa b'?:t 5 5}g x]/L ;Nnfx lbg / jflif{s cfly{s k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg{
;3fpg cfjZos b]lvPdf ;ldltn] cfGtl/s n]vf kl/Ifs lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
v_ cfGtl/s n]vf kl/Ifsn] ;+:yfsf] cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL / ljwfg, P]g, lgod, tyf lgltx?
cg';f/ sfdsf/jfxL eP gePsf] k|ltj]bg ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ gLh kl/IfsnfO{ ! cfly{s jif{sf] lx;fa cfGtl/s n]vf kl/If0f u/] afkt e'Qmflg ug'{ kg]{
kfl/>ldssf] /sd ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]Sg]5 .
@@=
clGtd n]vf kl/If0f
s_ ;+:yfsf] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] lhlG; Pj+ gulb lx;fa lstfasf] n]vf kl/If0f ;~rfns ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/;df ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]ss
] f] adf]lhdsf] n]vf kl/Ifsaf6 u/fOg] 5 .
v_ gLh kl/IfsnfO{ ! cfly{s jif{sf] lx;fa clGtd n]vf kl/If0f u/] afkt e'Qmflg ug'{ kg]{
kfl/>ldssf] /sd ;fwf/0f ;efn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g5
] .
u_ n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bg tyf ;DklQ ljj/0f / jflif{s k|ltj]bg :yfgLo clwsf/L, cfGt/Ls
/fhZjsf] sfof{no tyf cGo ;DalGwt lgsfodf k]z ul/g]5 .
@#=
s/sf] e'QmfgLM
s_ g]kfnsf] k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ cfos/ jf cGo s/x? ltg'{ ;+:yf, sd{rf/L, ;b:o, ;|ft] JolQm
tyf k/fdz{bftfx?sf] bfloTj x'g5
] .
v_ kfl/>lds tyf ;/sf/n] tf]s] cg';f/ nfUg] s/ of]Uo cfDbfgLdf clu|d s§f u/L] /fh:j vftfdf
a'emfOg] 5 .
kl/R5]b M *
b08 ;hfo tyf Ifltk"lt{
@$= b08 ;hfoM
;+:yfsf] s'g} ;~rfns jf k|jGws jf sd{rf/Ln] tf]lsPsf] clwsf/ adf]lhd ;ldltåf/f ;do
;dodf ul/Psf lg0f{ox? sfof{Gjog gu/L jf cfkm"n] ug'k{ g]{ sfd st{Jolgi7 eO{ OdfGbf/L tyf
k|efjsf/L 9Ën] gu/L jf nfk/jfxL u/L ;+:yfnfO{ xfgL gf]S;fgL k'¥ofPdf ;ldltn] lgodfg';f/ jf
k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ sf/jfxL u/L b08 ;hfo;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
7
@%= Ifltk"lt{M
s_ lgod !* adf]lhd ;+:yfnfO{ x'g uPsf] xfgL gf]S;fgL ;~rfns ;ldltn] ;DalGwt JolQmaf6
lghn] ;+:yfaf6 kfpg] /sd jf lghn] ;+:yfdf /fv]sf] lwtf] ;Dklt /sd jf cGo s'g}
tl/sfaf6 k|rlnt sfg"g / lgodfg';f/ c;'n pk/ ug]5
{ .
v_ ;+:yfsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ;~rfns ;ldlt, pk;ldlt jf sd{rf/L b'36{ gfdf k/L 3fOt] jf
d[To' ePdf ;+:yfn] pko'Qm Ifltk"lt{ lbg ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b M (
tna, eQf, tyf cGo ;'ljwf
@^= tnj eQf tyf b}lgs e|d0f eQfM
s_ sd{rf/Lsf] tnj eQf / ;'lawf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g5
] . ;~rfns ;ldltn]
cfjZostf cg';f/ yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
v_ b}lgs e|d0feQf ;ldltn] tTsflng cj:yfnfO{ WofglbO a}7saf6 lg0f{o u/]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
u_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] cfjZos 7fg]sf sfdx? ;~rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L, z]o/ ;b:onfO{
lglZrt sfd tf]sL sfddf nufpg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] sfd u/] jfkt kfpg] kfl/>lds jf ;'ljwf
;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g]5 .
3_ ;~rfns ;ldltn] s'g} sfd ug{sf nflu ;~rfns ;ldlt jf sd{rf/L jf z]o/ ;b:onfO{
sfo{If]qdf sfddf k7fpFbf oftfoft vr{ lbg ;Sg]5 . pQm oftfoft vr{ cg';"rLdf pNn]v eP
cg';f/ x'g5
] .
ª_ ;~rfns ;ldlt jf cGo pk;ldltx?sf] a}7s eQf ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g5
] .
r_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]ss
] f] sfd ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o jf z]o/
;b:onfO{ sfddf nufpg ;lsg]5 . o;/L sfd u/] jfkt b}lgs ?=%)).– / cg';"lr ! df pNn]v
eP cg';f/sf] oftfoft vr{ lbOg]5 .
5_ sd{rf/L lgo'Qm x'Fbfsf jvt oftfoft vr{ kfpg] u/L lgo'QmL u/]sf] ePdf cg';"rLdf pNn]v eP
cg';f/ oftfoft vr{ lbOg]5 .
h_ b]zleqsf ljleGg 7fpFdf ;+:yfsf] sfddf hfFbf ;~rfns ;ldlt ;b:o jf sd{rf/Lx?n]
lgDgfg';f/sf ;'ljwf kfpg] 5g\ M
!_ oftfoft vr{sf nflu e|d0f If]qdf e|d0f ubf{ nfu]sf] jf:tljs oftfoft vr{ kfpg]5g\ . olb
oftfoftsf] k|of]usf nflu xjfO oftfoft k|of]u ug'{kg]{ ePdf ;+:yfsf] cWoIfsf] lg0f{ofg';f/
x'g]5 . cWoIfn] pQm vr{sf] ;xdlt nuQ} a:g] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7saf6 lg0f{o u/fpg'
kg]{5 .
@_ ;+:yfsf] sfdsf] lznlzNffdf pkTosf aflx/ uO{ /ft latfP/ sfd u/L cfpg' kg]{ ePdf /ft
ljtfPsf] lbgsf] k|ltlbg ?=!))).– / /ft gljtfO{ kmls{Psf] cj:yfdf To;sf] cfwf ?=%)).–
e|d0f vr{ e"QmfgL lbOg] 5 . o:tf e|d0f cfb]zaf6 ug'{ kg]{5 . olb t'?Gt ug'{kg]{ ePdf
cWoIfsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ x'g] / nuQ} a:g] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] j}7saf6 cg'df]bg ug'{ kg]{5 .
em_ ;+:yfsf] sfdsf] lzNflznfdf ljb]z e|d0f ug'k{ g]{ ePdf ;~rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ocg';f/ vr{
x'g5
] . kl/of]hgfx?sf] lznlznfdf x'g] e|d0fsf xsdf kl/of]hgfdf jh]6 Joj:yf eP cg';f/
x'g]5 .
8
@&= b}lgs e|d0f eQf k]ZsL kfpg]M
lgodfg';f/ kfpg] b}lgs e|d0f eQf k]ZsLsf] ?kdf klg lbg ;lsg]5 .
@*= cGo ;'lawfx?M
;ldlt Pjd\ pk;ldltx?sf] a}7s eQf tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@(= ;'ljwf yk36 ug{ ;lsg]M
o; kl/R5]bdf ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L tyf ;~rfnsx?n] kfpg ;Sg] ;'lawfx?sf] ;DaGwdf h] ;'s} s'/f
n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;+:Yffsf] cfly{s IfdtfnfO{ larf/ u/L ;ldltn] s'g} lsl;dsf] ;'ljwf klg yk36
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
#)= k]ZsLM
s_ ;+:yfsf] s'g} sd{rf/L jf kbflwsf/Ln] b}lgs e|d0f eQf jf sfo{qmdsf] k|of]hgsf nflu k]ZsL
k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . o:tf] k]ZsL sfd ;DkGg ePsf] & lbg leq km5of{}6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
v_ s'g} lgoldt ;]jf jf sfo{qmd;]jf cGtut{ ^ dlxgf eGbf a9L cjlwsf] nflu lgo'Qm ePsf
JolQmnfO{ ljz]if kl/l:yltdf a9Ldf @ dlxgfsf] tna k]ZsL :j¿k lbg ;lsg] 5 . o:tf]
k]ZsLsf] ldnfg cfpg] @ dlxgfsf] tna e'Qmfg x'bF f jf gub hDdf u/L ldnfg ul/g]5 .
u_ tna k]lZs lngsf] nflu Aoa:yfksn] sfo{sf/L sf]iffWoIfaf6 / cGo sd{rf/Ln] Aoa:yfksaf6
:jLs[lt u/fpg' kg]{5 .
3_ ;fdfGotof b}lgs e|d0f eQf tyf tna k]lZssf] xsdf Pp6f k]ZsL km5of}6 geO{ csf]{ kfOg]
5}g .
ª_ cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf e|d0f eQf jf tnlj k]ZsLsf] lx;fj ldnfg eO{ ;Sg' kg]5
{ .
9
cg';"rL – ^
======================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL @)&=====
k|:tfjgfM
=======================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] p2]Zo cg'?k ;+:yfsf] k|zf;lgs ultljlwnfO{ Jojl:yt Pj+
;';fzg sfod ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] ljlgodsf] kl/R5]b !! sf] bkmf ^% n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u
u/L k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL th'd
{ f u/L nfu" ug{ af~5gLo ePsf]n] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efaf6 kfl/t u/L of]
lgodfjnL nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .
kl/R5]b M !
k|f/lDes
!= gfd / k|f/De M
-s_ of] lgodfjnLsf] gfd ======================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] …k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL @)&========
x'g]5 .
-v_ of] lgodfjnL t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM
ljifo jf k|;Ën] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; gLltdf,
s_ …lgodfjnLÚ eGgfn] =========================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL @)&=======
nfO{ hgfpg]5 .
v_ …;+:yfÚ eGgfn] ===========================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
u_ …;~rfns ;ldltÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 lgjf{lrt ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ ;Demg'k5{ .
3_ …pk–;ldltÚ eGgfn] ljlgod jdf]lhd ;fwf/0f ;ef / ;+rfns ;ldltn] u7g ug]{ pk;ldltx¿nfO{
hgfpg]5 .
ª_ …k|jGwsÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sf/f]jf/ / k|jGwsLo sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgo'Qm JolQmnfO{
hgfpg]5 .
r_ …ljlgodÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t ljlgod / To;df a]nfa]nfdf ePsf ;+;f]wg;d]tnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
5_ …cfly{s jif{Ú eGgfn] >fj0f ;+qmflGtb]lv c;f/d;fGt;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
h_ …;fwf/0f;efÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;efnfO{ hgfpg]5 .
em_ …;~rfnsÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L tyf ;b:ox?nfO{ hgfpg]5 .
h_ …:yfoL kbÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t b/jGbL cg';f/ :yfoL lgo'lSt x'g] kbnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5.
em_ …kbk"lt{ ;ldltÚ eGgfn] o;} lgodfjnL jdf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;+u7gsf]] v'nf k|ltof]uLtf
jf
JolQmut ;Dks{ jf kbf]GgtLaf6 kbk"lt{sf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{ u7Lt ;ldltnfO{ hgfpg] 5 .
`_ …s/f/ ;]jfÚ eGgfn] lglZrt sfdsf nlfu lglZrt cjwL / kfl/>lds lgwf{/0f u/L sfddf
nufOPsf] JolQmsf] ;]jf ;Demg' kb{5 .
6_ …c:yfoL kbÚ eGgfn] Dofb tf]lsPsf] s'g} kb jf s'gv
} f; lgwf{l/t sfdsf nlfu dfq lgol'St ePsf]
kbnfO{ hgfpF5 .
1
7_ …tnj :s]nÚ eGgfn] tf]lsPsf] ;t{ cg';f/ Go"gtd\ jf clwstd;Dd ;do ;dodf j[l4 x'b} hfg]
tnjnfO{ hgfp5 .
8_ …sfof{noÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] sfof{nonfO{ hgfpg]5 .
9_ …;Dks{ sfof{noÚ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] sfo{ jf]emsf cfwf/df sfo{ If]qdf ;+:yfn] vf]Ng]
If]lqo
sfof{nonfO{ hgfpg]5 .
#= JofVof ug]{ clwsf/ M
of] lgodfjnLsf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd clwsf/ ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ x'g5
] .
$= ;+;f]wg ug]{ clwsf/ M
of] lgodfjnLsf] ;+;f]wg ug]{ clwsf/ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] k|:tfjdf ;fwf/0f ;efnfO{ x'g5
] .
%= vf/]hL / jrfp M
s_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ePsf s'/fx? o;} cg';f/ / lgodfjnLdf pNn]v gePsf s'/fx? ;+:yfsf]
ljlgod tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd x'g]5g\ .
v_ o; lgodfjnLdf pNn]v ul/Psf s'/fx? ljlgod;Fu jf k|rlnt sfg"g;Fu aflemPsf] xb;Dd ab/
x'g]5g\ .
^= ;]jf alu{s/0fM
o; ;+:yfsf] b}lgs k|zf;g tyf sfo{qmd ;DjGwL cGo k|of]hgsf nflu :jb]zL jf ljb]zL AolQmx¿sf]
k]zfut ;]jfx¿ k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 . ljb]zL gful/sx¿sf] ;]jf k|fKt ubf{ k|rlnt P]g sfg'g adf]lhdsf]
k|lqmof k"/f ul/g]5 . ;u7gn] d'Votof lgDg ltg ju{sf ;]jfx¿ k|fKt ug]{5 . ;]jf k|fKt ug'{ clw
;]jfsf zt{x? / pQm ;]jfsf] kbn] ug'{kg]{ k|d'v sfo{, lhDd]jf/L / kfpg] ;'ljwfx? ;d]t tf]lsg] 5g\ .
;fdfGotM ;+:yfnfO{ lbw{sflng ?kdf ;+rfngsf} ;fy} sd{rfl/sf] pTk|/] 0ff pRr /flv ;+:yfsf]
lxtsf]nflu nuglzn tyf akmfbf/ agfO{ /fVg] k|of; ul/g] 5 .
s_ k|zf;sLo ;]jfM ;+:yfsf] b}lgs sfo{ ;+rfngsf nflu k"0f{ ;do sfd ug]{ ;j} sd{rf/Lx¿
k|zf;sLo ;]jf cGt/ut dflgg] 5 .
v_ kl/of]hgf jf cfof]hgf ;]jfM ;+:yfsf] s'g} bL3{sflng jf cNksflng kl/of]hgf cGtu{t lglZrt
cjlwsf nflu k"0f{ ;do jf cf+lzs sfd ug{ lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lx¿ kl/of]hgf ;]jf cGtu{t dflgg]
5g\ .
u_ ljz]if ;]jfM s'g} laz]if k|flalws z]jf , k]zfut sfo{ jf ;Nnfxsfnflu k]zfut ljz]if1
(Professional Expert) sf] ¿kdf k"0f{ ;do jf cf+lzs ;do sfd ug{ lgo'Qm ul/g]
JolQmx¿ o; ljz]if ;]jf cGtu{t dflgg] 5g\ .
kl/R5]b M @
b/jGbL ;[hgf, lgo'lQm, ;?jf, a9'jf / cjsfz
&= sd{rf/Lsf] b/jGbL l;h{gf
s_ ;ldltn] cfjZostf cg';f/ b/jGbL tyf kbk'lt{ pk–;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df df}hb' f
b/jGbL yk, kbsf] l;h{gf jf dflyNnf] kbdf :t/ j[l4 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
2
v_ pk–lgod -s_ adf]lhdsf] sfd ug{ b/jGbL tyf kbk'lt{ pk–;ldltsf] u7g b]xfo cg';f/ x'g]5 M
!_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] ;~rfns ;b:o Ps hgf
– ;+of]hs
@_ k|jGws
– ;b:o ;lrj
#_ ;ldltn] tf]ss
] f] sd{rf/L k|zf;g ;DalGw ljz]if1 Ps hgf
– ;b:o
u_ b/jGbL tyf kbk'lt{ pk–;ldltn] pk–lgod -!_ adf]lhd l;kmfl/; jf kb :t/ j[l4 ubf{
tkl;nsf a'bF fx? cfwf/ agfpg' kg]5
{ M.
s_ sfo{sd
| sf] ljZn]if0f -nIo, sfof{Gjog k|0ffnL, ck]lIft glthf, cjlw cflb_ / df}hb' f b/jGbL
cg';f/sf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfo{ af]emsf] cWoog, ;+:yfdf k|fljlws / ck|fljlws hgzlQmsf]
;Gt"ng .
v_ ;+:yfsf] cfly{s l:ylt .
u_ yk kb l;h{gf jf kb :t/ j[l4af6 kg{ hfg] yk cfly{s Aooef/ / ;f] u/] afkt k|fKt x'g]
glthfsf] t'ngfTds cWoog .
3_ pk–;ldltn] cfk\mgf] l;kmfl/;df yk kb l;h{gf ubf{ ;f] kbsf] nflu sfo{ ljj/0f / rflxg]
of]Uotf 1fg, zLk cflb pNn]v ug'{ kg{]5 .
ª_ dfly h];s
' } n]lvPsf] eP tfklg :jfoQtf, cfly{s cfTdlge{/tfsf] l;4fGt cg'?k ;ldltsf]
lg0f{on] ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns jf ;fwf/0f ;b:ox?af6 cj}tflgs ?kdf klg sfo{ ;~rfng ug{
;lsg]5 .
r_ lasf; sfo{qmdsf nflu ;[hgf u/LPsf b/alGb s"g sfo{qmdsf nflu xf] elg tf]ls ;[hgf
ug]{ / ;f] sfo{qmd ;DffKt eP kl5 :jt ;dfKt ePsf] dflgg" kg]{5 .
*= lgo'lQm
s_ ;+:yfsf]] k|jGwssf] lgo'lQm ;ldltn] / cGo sd{rf/Lsf] lgo'lQm k|jGwssf] l;kmfl/;df ;ldltn]
ug]{5 .
v_ lgodsf] cg';'rL -s_ df pNn]v ul/P adf]lhdsf :yfoL kbx?df lgo'lQm x'gsf] nflu cg';'rL
-!_ of]Uotf ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
u_ s'g} klg sd{rf/LnfO{ :yfoL kbdf lgo'lQm ubf{ slDtdf !% lbgsf] ;do lbO{ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf
;'rgf k|sflzt ul/g]5 .
3_ sd{rf/Lsf] 5gf}6 cfjZostf cg';f/ lnlvt k/LIff jf cGtjf{tf{ -cGtjf{tf{sf] nflu cfwf/
cg';'rL -@_ / cGtjf{tf{ kmf/fd cg';'rL -%_ df lbO{Psf] 5 jf b'j} / k|of]ufTds ljlw4f/f ;d]t
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
ª_ v'Nnf k|ltof]lutfaf6 pDd]bjf/x?sf] of]Uotf hfFr ubf{ lnlvtdf krf; tyf cGtjf{tf{df krf;
hDdf !)) c+s k'0ff{° /flvg] 5 .
r_ lgo'lQmsf nflu pDd]bjf/sf] pko'Qmtf klxrfg u/L l;kmfl/; ug]{ sfd b/jGbL tyf kbk'lt{
;ldltn] ug]{5 .
5_ ;+:yfsf] :yfoL kbdf gofF lgo'lQm ubf{ Ps jif{ k/LIf0fsfndf /xg] Joj:yf ul/g]5. k/LIf0fsfndf
/x]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs gePdf lghsf] lgo'lQm ab/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . lgo'lQm ab/
gul/Psf sd{rf/Lsf] k/LIf0fsfn :jtM ;dfKt ePsf] dflgg] 5 .
h_ gFof sd{rf/LnfO{ lghsf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/, cg'zf;g cflb / lgo'lQm ug]{ ;+u7gaf/] af]w u/fO{
sfddf bIftf / k|efjsfl/tf Nofpg k|aGw ul/g]5 .
em_ sd{rf/Ln] cg';'rL -^_ cg';f/sf] j}olQms ljj/0f kmf/d eg'k{ g]{ 5 .
3
`_ cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldltsf] lg0f{on] c:yfoL, Hofnfbf/L jf cflz+s ;do sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lsf]
lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg] 5 . t/ c:yfoL lgo'lQmsf] cjlw ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
6_ ;ldltaf6 lgwf{l/t ljz]if sfdsf nflu s'g} ljz]if1nfO{ s/f/ ;]jfdf sfddf nufpg' k/]df jf
Hofnfbf/L lgo'lQm ug'{ k/]df pk lgod -`_ sf] aGb]h nfu' x'g] 5}g t/ o:tf] lgo'lQm b'O{ jif{eGbf
a9Lsf nflu x'g] 5}g .
7_ ljsf; cfof]hgfx?df sd{rf/L lgo"Qm ubf{ slt ;dofjlwsf nflu xf] ;f] v"nfO{ lgo"lQm kq lbg"
kg]{ 5 .
(= ;?jf
s_ ;:yfleq ;dfg :t/sf] Pp6f kbaf6 csf]{ kbdf ;?jf ug'{ ;~rfns ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{
k|jGwsn] ug{ ;Sg]5 .
v_ sd{rf/L ;?jf ug'{ kbf{ ;fwf/0ftof lghsf] of]Uotf / sfo{ ;Dkfbg d'Nof°gnfO{ ;d]t Wofg lbg'
kg]{5 .
!)= a9'jf
;u7gdf sfo{/t s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] a9'jf ug'{k/]df o; lgodfjnL cg';f/sf] kbk'lt{ pk ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/;df ;~rfns ;ldltn] ug]5
{ .
!!= sfod d'sfod d's//
s_ ;+:yfsf] k|jGwssf] kb s'g} klg sf/0fn] l/Qm /x]sf] cj:yfdf ;~rfns ;ldltn] Ps tx d'lgsf
sd{rf/LnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{;Dd sfod d'sfod d's// ug{ ;Sg]5 . ;f]xL sd{rf/LnfO{ Ps jif{
eGbf a9L sfod d'sfod d's// ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . cGo kbx?df eg] sfod d'sfod lbg kfOg] 5}g
.
v_ pk lgod -s_ df pNn]lvt cg'kl:yltsf] cjlw !% lbg jf ;f] eGbf sd ePsf] cj:yfdf ;f]
kbeGbf Ps tx d'lgsf kbdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ lgldQ lbg' kg]{5 .
!@= cjsfz
;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;]jfsf] cGTo lgDg cj:yfdf x'g5
] M
s_ s'g} klg sd{rf/Ln] cfk\mgf] tf]lsPsf] ;]jf zt{ cjlw afx]ssf] cj:yfdf Ps dlxgf cufj}
lnlvt ;'rgf lbO{ cfk\mgf] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPdf,
v_ s'g} kbsf] b/jGbL vf/]h ePdf jf b/jGbL s6f}tL ePdf . t/ b/jGbL vf/]h ePdf Ps jif{
gk'uL ;f]xL kbsf] b/jGbL yk ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
u_ sd{rf/Lsf] pd]/ %* jif{ k'u]df,
3_ sd{rf/Lsf] d[To' ePdf,
ª_ ;]jfsf] cGTo ePsf sd{rf/Ln] cfk\mgf] lhDdfdf /x]sf ;Dk'0f{ gubL, lhG;L / sfuhkq
tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ a'´fpg' kg]{5, /fhLgfdf :jLs[t ePkl5 lghn] lgodfg';f/
kfpg]
;'ljwf kfpg] 5 .
!#= d'NofFª\sg
-s_ ;+:yfsf ;a} sd{rf/Lx¿n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] Ps dlxgf leq cg';"rL – # df eP
cg';f/sf] cfˆgf] :j–d"NofÍg Joj:Yffks ;dIf / k|jGwsn] cWoIf ;dIf :j–d"NofÍg k|ltj]bg
aflif{s ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
4
-v_ k|jGwsn]] cfk"m ;dIf k|fKt k|ltj]bgx?df cfˆgf] /fo ;'emfj ;lxt ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ cWoIfn] k|fKt k|ltj]bgx? / k|jGwssf] /fo ;d]tsf] cfwf/df cfˆgf] /fo n]vL ;+rfns ;ldltdf
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . ;fy} k|jGwsaf6 k|fKt /fo ;'emfj ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ cWoIfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-3_ ;ldltn] cfk"m ;dIf k|fKt ePsf k|ltjb]gx? ;d]tsf cfwf/x?df sd{rf/Lx?sf] jflif{s d"NofÍg
u/L ;f]xL cfwf/df sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k'/:s[t jf bl08t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b M #
sfof{no ;do / ljbf
!$= sfof{no ;do
s_ ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ;do ;fdfGotM sflt{s !^ b]lv df3 !% ;DDf laxfg !)M)) ah] b]lv $M))
ah] ;Dd x'g]5 . df3 !^ b]lv sflt{s !^ ;Dd laxfg !)=)) ah] b]lv %M)) ah];Dd x'g]5 .
v_ ;+:yfsf] sfof{no cfOtaf/ b]lv z'qmjf/;Dd xKtfsf] ^ lbg ;+rfng x'g5
] . z'qmaf/ sfof{no #
ah] ;Dd ;+rfng x'g]5 .
u_ o; ;+:yfsf] sfo{ Jo:ttf x/L bkmf #=!=! / #=!=@ nfO{ ;+zf]wg jf x]/km]/ ug]{ clwsf/
k|jGwssf] l;kmfl/;df ;ldltn] ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!%= labf
-s_ ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?n] clwsf/sf] ?kdf labf a:g bfjL ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ . labf
sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;x'lnot dfq xf] clwsf/ xf]Og . sfof{nosf] sfo{sf] Joa:yf ;d]t ljrf/ u/L
k|jGwsnfO{ ;+:yfsf] cWoIfn] / cGo sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|jGwsn]] cfˆgf] thlahaf6 labf lbg] /
glbg] lg0f{o ug]{5 .
-v_ labf a;]sf] sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf cfjZostf k/]df af]nfO{ sfddf nufpg klg ;lsg]5 .
-u_ ;a} k|sf/sf labfx?sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Ps jif{ eGgfn] a}zfv ! ut] b]lv r}q d;fGt;Dd eGg]
;Demg' k5{ .
!^= labfsf] lsl;dM
s_ ;fj{hlgs labf
Ps jif{df !^ lbgdf gj9\g] u/L ;fj{hlgs labf lbOg]5 . ;ldltn] k|To]s jif{ ;fj{hlgs ljbf
:jLs[t u/L nfu" ug]{5 .
v_ e}k/L cfpg] labf
sd{rf/Ln] jif{sf] ^ lbg e}k/L cfpg] labf lng kfpg] 5g\ . o:tf] labf a;]sf] sd{rf/Ln] k"/f
tna kfpg] 5g\ . of] labf csf]{ jif{nfO{ ;+lrt x'g] 5}g .
u_ lj/fdL labf
sd{rf/Ln] sfd u/]sf] k|To]s dlxgfdf ! lbgsf] b/n] jif{df !@ sfo{lbg lj/fdL labf lbOg]5 .
Ps} k6s & lbg eGbf a9L lj/fdL ljbf lng' k/]df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[t k|fKt lrlsT;ssf]
k|df0f kq k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . t/ labf lbg] clwsf/Lsf] lrQ a'em]df lrlsT;ssf] k|df0f kq k]z
gu/] klg labf lbg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] labf a;]sf] a]nfdf sd{rf/Ln] k"/f tnj kfpg] 5 .
5
3_ 3/ labf
-!_ sd{rf/Lx?n] x/]s sfo{ dlxgfsf] !=% lbgsf] b/n] ! jif{df !* sfo{lbg 3/ labf kfpg] 5g\
.
-@_ sd{rf/Lx?n] of] labf k"j{ :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq k|of]u ug'{ kg]{5 . 3/ labf lnPsf j]nf
sd{rf/Lx?n] k"/f tna kfpg] 5g\ .
-#_ 3/ labf ;+lrt /x]sf] sd{rf/LnfO{ lghsf] ;]jfsf] cGt x'bF f ;+lrt /x]sf] labfsf] vfO{kfO{
cfPsf] tna a/fj/sf] /sd k|bfg ul/g]5
-$_ 3/ ljbf ^) lbg ;Dd dfq ;+lrt ug{ kfOg] 5 . s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] 3/ ljbf ^) lbg eGbf
j9L ;+lrt x'g uPdf j9L lbgsf] vfO{kfO{ cfPsf] tnj a/fj/sf] /sd e'QmfgL lbO{g] 5}g .
-%_ s/f/df lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf ;'lawf xsdf s/f/ ;+emf}tfdf Aoa:yf u/]adf]lhd x'g5
] .
ª_ ;'Ts]/L labfM
-!_ s'g} dlxnf sd{rf/L ;'Ts]/L x'g] ePdf ;'Ts]/L x'g' cufl8 / ;'Ts]/L eO{ ;s]kl5 cfˆgf]
;'ljwf cg';f/ a9Ldf $% sfo{ lbg;Dd ;'Ts]/L labf kfpg] 5g\ .
-@_ o:tf] labf ;]jf cjlwe/ @ k6s dfq lng ;lsg]5 .
-#_ s'g} k'?if sd{rf/Lsf] >LdtL ;'Ts]/L ePdf !) sfo{ lbgsf] k|;'tL ;]jf labf kfOg] 5 .
-$_ pQm labf ;f]xL cjlwdf lnPdfq kfOg] 5 . dlxnf sd{rf/Ln] ;'Ts]/L ljbf ;'Ts]/L x'g' c3l8
jf k5fl8 of] ljbf @ dlxgf leq lnO{ ;Sg' kg]5
{ .
r_ s[of labfM
-!_ s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ s[ofdf j:g' k/]df j9Ldf !% lbg ;Dd s[of labf lbOg]5
-@_ of] labf ;]jf cjlwe/ @ k6s dfq lng ;lsg]5 .
-#_ dlxnf sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf >Ldfg s[of a;]sf] a]nfdf >LdtLnfO{ klg s[of a;]sf] dfgL of]
labf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
5_ ;§f labfM
-!_ s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ ;fj{hlgs labfsf] lbg sfd nufPdf pQm lbgsf] ;§f labf ;f]xL jif{sf]
nflu dfq ;+lrt x'g ;Sg]5 .
-@_ ;§f labf Ps cfly{s jif{df a9Ldf !@ lbg dfq kfOg] 5 .
-#_ ;§f labf kfs]kl5 dfq lng kfOg] 5 .
-$_ ;+lrt ;§f ljbfsf] tna kfOg] 5}g .
!&_ labfsf] clen]vM
s_ sd{rf/Lx?s]f labfsf] clen]vx? b'?:t /fVg' kg]5
{ .
v_ labfsf] u0fgf ubf{ ljrdf, cufl8 jf k5fl8 hf]l8Psf ;fj{hlgs labfx? lghsf] labfdf u0fgf
ul/g]]5}g .
!*_ labf lbg] clwsf/L
s_ labf clwsf/ geO{ ;'ljwf dfq ePsf]n] labf :jLs[lt gu/fO{ s'g} klg sd{rf/L sfo{nodf
cg'kl:yt x'g' x'b}g .
v_ ;fwf/tof sfdsf] cg'sn
' x]/L labf lbg] clwsf/Ln] cfkm\gf dftxtsf sd{rf/LnfO{ & lbg;Dd
labf lbg ;Sg] 5 . ;f] cjlw eGbf a9L ljbf lng k/]df lghsf] l;kmfl/;df sfo{sf/L
;~rfnsn] labf lbg ;Sg] 5 .
6
u_ lgnDag k/]sf s'g} sd{rf/Ln] ;hfo :j?k 36'jf kfPsf] v08df lgnDag km's'jf kl5
lgnDagdf /x]sf] cjlwsf] s'g} klg labf kfpg] 5}g .
3_ ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/Lsf] ljbfsf] aflif{s ljj/0f tof/ u/L cWoIfaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ /fVg' kb{5 .
kl/R5]b M $
tna eQf, pkbfg, kfl/>lds / ;'lawf
!(= tna eQf
s_ s/f/df /x]sf sd{rf/Lsf] tnj k|To]s dlxgf e'Qmfg ePsf] & lbg leq lbO{g5
] . ;fy} cGo
;'ljwf ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ k|bfg ul/g]5
@)= ;+ro sf]if
;+u7gdf sfd ug]{ :yfoL sd{rf/Ln] vfO{ kfO{ cfPsf] tnjaf6 k|To]s dlxgf !) k|ltzt /sd
;DalGwt JolQmsf] tnaaf6 s§f u/L ;f] /sddf zt k|ltzt /sd yk u/L x'g cfpg] /sd ;+ro
sf]if vftfdf /flvg]5 . ;+rosf] /sd / pQm /sddf k|fKt x'g] Jofh ;d]t ;]jfsf] cGtdf lbO{g5
] .
pQm sf]ifsf] /sd pko'Qm a}s
+ df vftf vf]nL hDdf ul/g]5 .
;+rosf]ifsf] /sd sd{rf/LnfO{ cfjZos k/]df C0fsf] ?kdf a9Ldf *) k|ltzt;Dd dfq lgsfNg
;lsg]5 . o;/L lnPsf] C0fsf] Jofhb/ a}s
+ n} lgwf{/0f u/] adf}lhd x'g5
] . x/]s dlxgfsf] tnaaf6
C0fsf] /sd slDtdf @) k|ltzt s§f u/L e'StfgL ug'{kg]{5 .
@!= sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]if
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfsf] cGtdf ;]jf u/]sf] k|To]s !@ dlxgfsf] ! dlxgfsf] b/n] sd{rf/Ln] vfO{kfO{
cfPsf]] tna a/fj/sf] pkbfg k|bfg ul/g]5 . sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfaf6 cnu x'bF f lgodfg';f/ kfpg]
ljbfx?sf] /sd ;d]t o;} sf]if af6 k|bfg ul/g]5 . o;/L pkbfg, labf, ;+rosf]if tyf cGo
;'lawfsf] /sd e'QmfgLsf] nflu sf]if h'6fpg ;+:yfn] ;f]xL jif{;Ddsf] bfloTj ;dfof]hg x'g] ul/ vr{
b]vfO{ o; sNof0f sf]ifdf /sd hDdf ul/g]5 .
@@= b}lgs e|d0f eQf
s_ e|d0f cfb]z :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ cWoIfsf] ;ldltnfO{, ;ldltsf cGo ;b:o / kbflwsf/Lsf]
cWoIfnfO{, k|aGwssf] cWoIfnfO{ / cGo ;a} sd{rf/Lsf] k|aGwsnfO{ x'g5
] . e|d0fstf{n]
cfjZostf cg';f/ cfˆgf] e|d0fsf] vr{ / pknlAw ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
v_ e|d0f ubf{ ;+:yfsf] lxtnfO{ x]/L ldtJooLtf ckgfpg' kg]{5 . vr{sf] ljnx? ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
u_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{ut l;nl;nfdf e|d0fdf hfg] JolQmn] aLrdf labf lnO{ jf cfkm"v;
' Ln] a;]sf]
cj:yfdf To; cjlwsf] b]lgs eQf lbO{g] 5}g
@#= cGo ;'ljwfM
;+:yfnfO{ Ifdtf j[l4 h:tf ljb]zL tflndx?sf] df}sf k|fKt x'g cfPdf cg'ej / of]Uotfqmdsf]
cfwf/df ;fwf/0ftof ! jif{ ;]jf ul/;s]sf] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ / ! jif{ eGbf k'/fgf] ;b:ox?nfO{ dfq
;dfj]z ul/g]5 .
7
kl/R5]b M %
cg'zf;g / cf1fkfng
@$= cg'zf;g / cf1fkfng
s_ sd{rf/Ln] ;:yfsf] lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL cfˆgf] st{Jo kl/>d / tTk/tfsf ;fy kfng ug'{
kg]{5 .
v_ sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] ;:yfut dfg dof{bf cg';f/ Ps csf{ k|lt plrt cfb/ efj b]vfpg' kg]{5 .
u_ sd{rf/Ln] ;+:yfaf6 lgwf{l/t ;dodf lgoldt ?kn] cfˆgf] sfof{nodf xflh/ x'g' kb{5 / klxn]
labf :jLs[t gu/L sfdaf6 cg'kl:yt x'g' x'g] 5}g .
3_ ;+:yfsf] s'g} k|lti7fdf cf3ft kg{ hfg] s'g} s'/fx? aflx/ st} cGoq k|s6 ug'{ x'Fb}g .
ª_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt cg'dlt a]u/ ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ s;}nfO{ lbg' jf s;}af6 lng'
x'b}g .
r_ sd{rf/Lx?sf] cfr/0f / cg';fzgdf ;'wf/ Nofpg cfjZostf cg';f/ ;ldltn] o:t} cGo
zt{x? yk36 ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
5_ sfo{nonfO{ s'g} klg k|sf/n] c;/ kg{ ;Sg] u/L s;}af6 s'g} k|sf/sf] bfg, pkxf/, sf]zn
] L
rGbf dfUg' jf :jLsf/ ug'{ x'b}g .
kl/R5]b M ^
a/ a'emf/y tyf sd{rf/Lsf] sfd, st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
@%= a/ a'emf/y
s_ s'g} klg sd{rf/Lx?n] a9'jf, cjsf; kfPdf, /fhLgfdf u/]df tL sd{rf/Lx?n] a'emfpg' kg]{
hLDdfdf /x]sf] gubL lhG;L tyf cGo sfuhftx? a9'jf, /fhLgfdf jf cjsfzsf] ;"rgf u/]sf]
!% lbg leq a/ a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 . pQm sfo{ ug{ nufpg' k|jGwssf] k|d'v lhDd]jf/L xf] .
v_ s'g} sd{rf/L a9'jf jf cjsfz k|fKt u/L /fhLgfdf jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n] sfo{no 5fl8 hfg' k/]df
lghnfO{ k"/f ug{ lbPsf] sfddf ePsf] k|ult, afFsL ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf/jfL, lghsf] lhDdf /x]sf]
sfuhft / To;df e}/x]sf] sf/jfxLsf] l:ylt, cfkm\gf] kbsf] bfloTj k"/f ubf{ ckgfO{ cfPsf] gLlt,
ul/Psf sfdx? axfnjfnfnfO{ a'/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]5
{ .
@^= sd{rfl/sf] sfd st{Jo / pQ/bfloTj
s_ ;+:yfsf b}lgs cfOkg]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf] k|dv
' lhDd]jf/L k|jGwssf] x'g5
] .
v_ k|jGws cWoIf k|lt pQ/bflo x'g]5 .
u_ ;+:yfsf ;Dk"0f{ sd{rf/L ;+rfns ;ldlt / k|jGws k|lt pQ/bflo /xg' kg]{ 5 .
3_ ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L k|jGwsn] tf]s] cg';f/ x'g5
] .
8
kl/R5]b M &
;hfo / k"g/fjnf]sg
@&= ;hfo
@&=! plrt / k|ofKt sf/0f ePdf sd{rf/LnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd ;hfo ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
s_ gl;xt lbg] .
v_ tna a[l4 jf kbf]Gglt /f]Ssf ug]{ .
u_ hfgfhfgL nfk/jfxLdf lgod cfb]zsf] kfngf gugf{n] ;+u7gnfO{ x'g cfPsf] gf]S;fgLsf]
;Dk"0f{ /sd tnajf6 jf k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhd s6\6f u/L c;'n pk/ ug]{ .
3_ tNnf] kbdf 36'jf ug]{ .
ª_ gf]s/Laf6 avf{:t ug]{ .
@&=@ gl;ot lbg]
b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ gl;ot lbg ;lsg] 5 M
s_ r]tfjgL lbFbf klg g;'w|]df
v_ cfkm\gf sfddf l9nf;':tL / x]nr]qmfO{ u/]df .
u_ cfg';f;g kfngf gu/]df .
@&=# tna a[l4 /f]Ssf ug]{
b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] tna a[l4 jf kbf]Gglt /f]Ssf ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
s_ gl;ot kfPkl5 klg g;'lw|odf .
v_ gl;otf kfPkl5 klg ;Gtf]ifhgs sfd gu/]df .
u_ ;ldltsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf gu/]df .
3_ nfk/jfxL u/L ;+:yfnfO{ xfgL, g]fS;fgL u/] jf u/fodf .
@&=$ bhf{ jf tna 36fpg]
b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ tNnf] kbdf jf 6fOdf :s]nsf] tNnf] :yfgdf cf]/fNg
jf 36'jf ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
s_ ;Gtf]ifhgs sfd gu/]df
v_ cg'zf;gxLg sfo{ u/]df
u_ cfr/0f / cg'zf;g ;DjlGw lgodx? pNn+3g u/]df .
3_ cfkm'nfO[ kmfObf x'g] u/L em'7f ljj/0f k]z u/]df .
@&=% ;]jfaf6 x6fpg] jf jvf{:t ug]{
b]xfosf cj:yfdf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;:yfsf] ;]jfaf6 s;'/sf] dfq x]/L ;fdfGotof eljiodf
gf]s/Lsf] nflu g7xl/g] u/L avf{:t ug{ ;lsg] 5 M
s_ cof]Uotfsf] sf/0f cfkm\gf] kbsf] sfd / lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ g;s]df
v_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 ck/fwL k|dfl0ft ePdf
u_ cfkm\gf] kbsf] lhDd]jf/L cg';f/sf] cfr/0f gu/]df .
3_ e|i6frf/ u/]df
ª_ ;+:yfsf] k|lti7fdf cf3ft k'¥ofPdf .
9
@*= k"g/fj]bg
@*=! lgod @&=% =adf]lhd s'g} sd{rf/LnfO{ cWoIfn] u/]sf] lg0f{o pk/ lrQ gj'em]df lghn] !%
lbgleq ;ldltdf k"g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@*=@= ;+rfns ;ldltn] u/]sf] k"g/fj]bgsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .
@*=#= k"g/fj]bg ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k'¥ofpg' kg]{5
s_ k"g/fj]bg ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] gfdaf6 k"g/fj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
v_ k"g/fjbg ug]{ sd{rf/Ln] ;kmfOsf] lgldQ hf] ePsf] ;j't k|df0f /fVg' kg]{5.,.
u_ k"g/fj]bg plrt / cfb/;"rs efiffdf n]lvg' kg]{5, .
3_ k"g/fj]bgsf] ;fydf h'g cf]bzsf] lj?4 k"g/fj]bg ul/Psf] xf] ;f] cfb]zsf] k|ltlnlk /fVg'
kg]{5, .
ª_ k'g/fj]bgdf cfk\gf] dfu :ki6 ls6\g' kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b M *
vf/]hL, arfpM
@(= vf/]hL, arfpM
of] lgodfjnL nfu" x'g' k"j{ ul/Psf sd{rf/L ;DjlGw lg0f{ox? o;} lgodfjnL adf]lhd
dflgg]5 .
u/]sf]
kl/R5]b M (
;ky u|x0f
#)= ;+:yfsf] s'gk} lg sd{rf/L lgo'lQm ePkl5 k|jGwssf] xsdf cWoIfn] / cGo sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf k|jGwsn]
lgDg ;ky u|x0f u/fpg] 5g\ M
d =============================================z]o/ ;b:osf] gfddf ;ky lnG5' ls o; ;+:yfsf] sd{rf/Lsf]
x}l;otn] tf]lsPsf] sfd, st{Jo , lhDj]jf/L d]/f] 1fg ljj]s / cg'ejn] hfg] j'em] tyf EofP ;Dd O{dfg
wd{ tyf d]/f] cfˆgf] st{Jo ;DemL o; ;+:yfsf] ljsf; Pj+ pQ/f]Q/ k|utL k|lt jkmfbf/ /lx kIfkft jf
å]z g/fvL , s'g} nf]e nfnr gu/L cg'zf;gk'0f{ lsl;dn] o; ;+:yfsf] cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL
@)&== tyf k|rlnt sfg'gL Joj:yfsf] clwgdf /lx cfˆgf] lhDj]jf/L tyf st{Josf] kfngf ug]{5' . st{Jo
kfngfsf] lznlznfdf dnfO{ 1ft x'g cfPsf] s'g} uf]Ko s'/f cflwsfl/s JolQmnfO{ jfx]s c? s;}nfO{ d
;]jfdf jxn /x] jf eO{/x]sf] h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg k|QoIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf eGg] jf ;+s]t ug]{ 5}g .
;ky u|x0f ug]{ sd{rf/L
b:tvtM
!_ gfdM
@_ kbM
#_ ;]jfM
$_ ldltM
;ky u|x0f u/fpg] clwsf/L
b:tvtM
!_ gfdM
@_ kbM
#_ ;]jfM
$_ ldltM
10
;+:yfsf] sd{rf/Lsf] >]0fL , z}lIfs of]Uotf / cg'ej
l;=g++
kbgfd
Go"gtd z}lIfs of]Uotf
cg'ej
!=
clws[t :t/ 5}7f
:gfts tx pQL0f{
;+jlwt sfddf % jif{
@=
;xfos :t/ kfrf}
k|df0fkq tx pQL0f
;+jlwt sfddf # jif{
#=
;xfos :t/ rf}y+ f] ÷ k|flalws P;=Pn=l;= pQL0f{ eO{ tflnd k|fKt
;+jlwt sfddf @ jif
$=
;xfos :t/ t];f|
P;=Pn=l;= pQL0f
;+jlwt sfddf ! jif{
%=
lgDg :t/
bz sIff pQL0f
;+jlwt sfddf ! jif{
11
cg';"rL – &
=========================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
ljB't pTkfbg, k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0f lgodfjnL, @)====
>L ======================================= ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ljlgodsf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f
;efn] b]xfo adf]lhd æljB't pTkfbg÷k|;f/0f tyf ljt/0fÆ gLlt @)&==== sf] th'd
{ f u/]sf] 5 .
kl/R5]b M !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd lj:tf/ k|f/De M
s_ o; gLltsf] gfd >L ================================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ljB't pTkfbg÷k|;f/0f
tyf ljt/0f gLlt – @)&==== /xg]5 .
v_ of] gLlt ;+:ysf ;Dk"0f{ z]o/ ;b:o pk/ nfu" x'g]5 .
u_ of] gLlt ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 kfl/t eO{ nfu" x'g5
] .
@= kl/efiff M
s_ æ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ================================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
v_ æljlgodÆ eGgfn] ==============================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= sf] ljlgod @)&=== ;Demg'
kb{5 .
u_ æljB'tÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljB't Knf06af6 pTkflbt jf ;+:yfn] cfjZostf cg';f/ vl/b÷ljlqm
ug]{ ljB't ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
3_ ækfj/xfp;Æ eGgfn] ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ 3/nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
ª_ ækfj/Knf06Æ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ u[x / ;f] ;DalGwt d]lzg/L cf}hf/, pks/0f
;lxtnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
r_ æpTkfbgÆ eGgfn] ljB't zlQm pTkfbg ug]{ sfdnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
5_ æk|;f/0fÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljB't u[xaf6 pTkflbt ljB't jf ;+:yfsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ vl/b
u/]sf] ljB't zlQmnfO{ u|fxsx?nfO{ ljt/0f ug]s
{ f nflu, a9L ePsf] ljB't afXo ;+:yfnfO{ k7fpg]
jf ljlqm ug]{ sfdnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
h_ æljt/0fÆ eGgfn] ;+:yfsf] ljB't u[xaf6 pTkflbt ljB't jf ;+:yfn] u|fxssf] dfu adf]lhd vl/b
u/]sf] ljB'tnfO{ k|;f/0f k|0ffnL dfkm{t u|fxsx?nfO{ afF8\g] sfo{nfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
em_ æ6«fG;kmd{/Æ eGgfn] ljB'tLo rfk Pj+ kl/df0fnfO{ 36fpg] a9fpg] oGqnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
`_ æu|fxsÆ eGgfn] ljt/s ;+:yfn] ljlqm ljt/0f u/]sf] ljB't ;]jf pkef]u ug]{ u|fxssf] ;"lrdf gfd
btf{ ePsf] JolQm jf ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 . ;fy} s'g} ;+:yf jf sfof{nosf] k|dv
' / btf{jfnf
u|fxssf] d[To' eO;s]sf] ;j:yfdf o:tf] btf{jfnf u|fxssf] k|rlnt sfg'g adf]lhdsf] xsbf/
;d]tnfO{ hgfpFb5 .
1
kl/R5]b M @
ljB't pTkfbg
@= s_ =============================== ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= n] ===============================hnljB't u[xaf6
$)) ef]N6]h, %) xh{ lk|mSj]lG;df ljB't cfk"lt{sf] dfu adf]lhd ljB't zlQm pTkfbg ug]{ 5 .
v_ cfsl:ds ;d:of afx]s lgoldt dd{t ;Def/ ug{nfO{ kfj/ Knf06 aGb ug]{kbf{ To;sf] k"j{
hfgsf/L ;+:yfn] lnlvt jf df}lvs ?kdf ;Dk"0f{ ;ldltnfO{ u/fpg'sf ;fy} ;+:yfsf] d"Vo
sfof{nosf] ;"rgfkf6L jf ;+:yfsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;Dks{ sfof{nox?df 6fFl;g] 5 .
kl/R5]b M #
ljB't k|;f/0f
#= s_ ===============================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= n] =============================== ;fgf hnljB't
u[xaf6 =======ef]N6]h, =====xh{ lk|mSj]lG;df pTkfbg u/]sf] ljB't zlQmnfO{ =======s]=le=P= sf]
6«fG;kmd{/åf/ =======ef]N6]hdf kl/0ft u/L =======ef]N6]hsf] k|;f/0f nfOg dfkm{t ufpF ufpFdf k|;f/0f
ug]5
{ 5.
v_ ;+:yfn] lglZrt ef]N6]h / lk|mSj]lG;df ljB't zlQm k|;f/0f ug]{5 . t/ s'g} u|fxsn] cfˆg}
nfkjf{xLaf6 jf oflGqs u8a8Ln] ubf{ tf]lsPsf] eGbf 36L jf a9L ef]N6]h jf lk|mSj]lG;df ljB't
k|;f/0f x'g uO{ x'g] xfgL gf]S;fgL k|lt ;+:yf lhDd]jf/ gx'g] / s'g} klg k|sf/sf] Ifltk"lt{ lbg
afWo x'g] 5}g\ .
kl/R5]b M $
ljB't ljt/0f
$= s_ ;+:yfn] =======ef]N6]hdf k|;fl/t ljB'tnfO{ $)) jf @#) ef]N6]hdf 36fO{ cfˆgf] pkef]Qmfx?nfO{
cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB't ljt/0f ug]5
{ .
v_ u|fxssf] 3/df ljB't ;KnfO{ lbg] glbg] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+:yfdf ;'/lIft /xg]5 .
u_ ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] If]qleqsf] u|fxsnfO{ dfq ljB't ljt/0f ug]5
{ .
3_ ;+:yfaf6 lbOg] ;]jfsf cfwf/df u|fxsnfO{ b'O{ >]0fLdf juL{s/0f ul/g]5 M
c_ u|fx:yM ;+:yfaf6 ljt/0f u/]sf] ljB't 3/fo;L k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq k|of]u u/]sf]
pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ a'em\g' kb{5 .
cf_ cf}Bf]lusM ;+:yfaf6 ljt/0f u/]sf] ljB't Joj;flos k|of]hgsf nflu pkef]u u/]sf
pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ a'em\g' kb{5 .
ª_ ;+:yfsf] cg'dlt ljgf s'g} u|fxsn] ljB't Ifdtf kl/jt{g ug{ kfpg] 5}g . Ifdtf kl/jt{g ug'{
k/]df u|fxsn] lgodfg';f/ ;+:yfdf lgj]bg k]z ug'{ kg]{5 / ;+:yfaf6 :jLs[t eP cg';f/ Ifdtf
kl/jt{g ul/g]5 .
r_ Pp6f u|fxsn] csf]{ u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{nfO{ g/fd|f] c;/ kfg]{ lsl;dsf] s'g} ljB'tLo pks/0f
h8fg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
5_ s'g} u|fxssf] nf]8 kfj/ km\ofS6/ )=* NofluË eGbf sd ePdf ;+:yfn] ljB't ;KnfO{ aGb ug{
;Sg]5 . kfj/ km\ofS6/ ;'wf/ ug{sf nflu plrt Joj:yf gu/] ;Dd ljB't h8fg ul/g] 5}g .
2
kl/R5]b M %
gofF ljB't h8fg
%= ;+:yfn] cfˆgf u|fxsx?nfO{ dfq ljB't cfk"lt{ ug]{5 / ljB't lng] u|fxsx?n] lgDg k|lqmofx? k'/f
u/]sf] x'g' kb{5 .
s_ ljB't dfu u/]sf] u|fxsn] lgodfg';f/ nfUg] b:t'/ lt/L gof alQ h8fgsf lglDt cfj]bg kmf/d
e/L ;+:yfdf a'emfpg' kb{5 .
v_ u|fxsn] cfj]bg kmf/dsf] ;fy;fy} ljB't h8fg ug{ rfx]sf] j8fsf] ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf]
l;kmfl/;, gful/stfsf] k|ltlnlk / hUufsf] nfnk'h{sf] k|ltlnlk k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ cfj]bgdf cfˆgf] gfd, afa'sf] gfd, afh]sf] gfd, 7]ufgf / dfu u/]sf] ljB't zlQmsf] kl/df0f
lsl;d k|:6 ?kdf pNn]v u/]df] x'g'kb{5 .
3_ ljB't dfu u/]sf] u|fxsn] a'+bf % -s_ b]lv -u_ ;Ddsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/L ;s]kl5 ;Dk"0f{
sfuhftnfO{ hfFra'emsf] nflu pk;ldltdf k7fOg] 5 .
ª_ pk;ldltaf6 ?h' eP/ cfP cg';f/ ;+:yfn] ljB't lbg ldNg], gldNg] s'/fsf] k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn]
hfFr ug]{5 / ldNg] ePdf dfq ljB't h8fg ul/g]5 / ldNg] b]lvPdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L lnlvt
?kdf ;ldltdf k7fOg]5 .
r_ s'g} u|fxssf] ljB't h8fg sfo{ -l/sg]S;g_ k"gM ug'{k/]df gLhn] klxn]sf] ljB't dxz'n km5{of}{6
u/]sf] sfuhft k]z ug'kg]{5 . dxz'n ltg{ afFsL b]lvPdf gLhn] aSof}tf /sd h/Ljfgf ;lxt
ljB't dxz'n km5{of}6 ug'kg]{5 . clg dfq k"gM ljB't h8fg ul/g]5 .
5_ u|fxsn] ;+:yf 4f/f lgwf{l/t h8fg z'Ns / dxz'n e'QmfgL u/]kl5 dfq k"gM ljB't h8fg ul/g]5
.
h_ ;+:yfn] k|To]s 3/df s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGq u|fxssf] dfu adf]lhd h8fg ug]5
{ . o;/L ljB't
h8fg ul/Psf 3/ jf pBf]usf af/] s'g} klg 5nkmn ug'{kg]{ ePdf h;sf] gfddf
ld6/÷s6cfp6 5 gLh;+u dfq ;Dks{ /flvg] 5 .
kl/R5]b M ^
;]jf tyf z'Nsx?
^= s_ u|fxsn] ld6/ oGq ;+:yf;+u vl/b ug'k{ g]5
{ . ld6/ oGqsf] z'Ns ;+:yfn] vfl/b u/]sf] b/ efp
cg';f/ lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 .
v_ s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGq of]hgfsf] clwgdf /xg]5 .
u_ ld6/ u|fxs jf cf}Bf]lus u|fxssf nflu rflxg] Pd=l;=l;=lj= ;+:yfn] lbPsf] dfkb08 cg';f/
u|fxs cfkm}+n] Joj:yf ug'kg]{5 .
3_ u|fxssf] ;le{; nfOgsf] k|jz
] :yfg tyf s6cfp6 ld6/ h8fg ug]{ 7fpF ;+:yfsf] k|fljlwsn]
tf]Sg] 5 . o;f]ubf{ oyf;Dej u|fxssf] OR5fnfO{ Wofgdf /flvg] 5 . s6cfp6 / ld6/ oGq u|fxs
cfkm}n
+ ] ;fg{ jf x6fpg kfpg] 5}g / o;f] u/]sf] kfOPdf ;+:yfn] To; u|fxs pk/ lgodfg';f/
sfo{jfxL ug]5
{ .
ª_ s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGqsf] dd{t tyf ;Def/ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;+:yfsf] x'g5
] . t/ pks/0f dd{t
ubf{ nfUg] vr{ u|fxs cfkm}n] ltg'{kg]{5 .
r_ u|fxssf] dfu adf]lhdsf] Ifdtfsf] ld6/ jf s6cfp6 oGqsf] Joj:yf ;+:yfn] ug]5
{ / ;do
;dodf o:tf s6cfp6 / ld6/sf] hfFr ;+:yfn] ug]{5 .
3
5_ s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGq lalu|Psf] 5 egL s'g} u|fxsn] ;"lrt u/]df ;+:yfn] To;sf] cfjZos hfFr
ug]{5 . olb pks/0f ljlu|Psf] 7xl/Pdf u|fxsn] oGq hfFrsf] nflu tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ e'QmfgL
ug'{kg]{5 . t/ s6cfp6 tyf ld6/ lju|]sf] 5 egL k|dfl0ft gePdf pQm oGq hfFr u/]jfktsf]
z'Ns nfUg] 5}g .
h_ s6cfp6 jf ld6/ u|fxssf] cfˆg} nfkjf{xLaf6 ljlu|Psf] k|dfl0ft ePdf pQm oGq kl/jt{g ubf{
nfUg] b:t'/ u|fxs :jo+n] e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{5 .
em_ cf}Bf]lus u|fxssf] pBf]u aGb ePsf] v08df pQm pBf]usf] nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] y|L km]h cf}Bf]lus
OghL{ ld6/ csf]{ pBf]unfO{ a]Rg kfOg]5 . of]hgfn] pQm ld6/ h8fg ug'{ cl3 hfFr ug]{5 / hfFr
u/]sf] b:t'/ ;+:yfnfO{ lgodfg';f/ e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{5 .
`_ s'g} klg u|fxsn] o; ;+:yf afx]s cGoqaf6 NofOPsf] s6cfp6 tyf ld6/ oGqnfO{ ;+:yfn]
dfGotf lbg] 5}g .
6_ s'g} u|fxssf] s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGq lalu|P/ alQ gan]sf] v08df pQm u|fxsn] ;+:yfn] tf]s]
adflhd z'Ns lt/L dd{t ;Def/sf] cfj]bg kmf/d e/L ;+:yfdf k]z ug'{kg]{5 . cfj]bg k]z u/]sf]
ldltaf6 & lbg leq sfo{jfxL x'g5
] / olb gePsf] v08df alQ gan]sf] lbgsf] k};f s§f ul/g]5
.
7_ ;+:yfsf] k|fljlwsn] u|fxssf] 3/df k|of]u ePsf] ld6/ jf s6cfp6 dfq hfFr ug]5
{ . t/ To;eGbf
a9L s]xL hfFr ug'{ kbf{ u|fxsn] ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ b:t'/ lt/L dd{t ;Def/ kmf/fd ;fy} cfj]bg
k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
8_ z'Ns ;DalGw lj:t[t ljj/0f z'Ns tflnsfdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 t/ ;+:yfn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;]jf
cyjf z'Nsdf s]xL kl/jt{g ePdf To;sf] hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf ;Dk"0f{ pkef]Qmf ;ldltnfO{
hfgsf/L u/fpg]5 .
kl/R5]b – &
z]o/ ;b:otf
&= z]o/ ;b:otfsf nflu lgDg zt{x? k'/f u/L cfj]bg lbPkZrft ;b/ cfj]bsx?nfO{ lgDg zt{x?sf]
cfwf/df ;b:otf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
s_ g5'l§O{ Pp6} 3/df a:g] -a'af, cfdf, cfkm", >LdtL, 5f]/f, 5f]/L, gftL, gfltgLx?_ ;b:ox?n]
hlt;'s} ljB't ld6/ k|fKt u/]sf] eP klg Ps kl/jf/ ! -Ps_ dfq z]o/ ;b:otf k|bfg ul/g]5 .
v_ k|lt v/Lb z]o/ ?= !))÷– -?k}ofF ;o dfq_ ltg'{kg]{5 eg] k|j]z z'Ns jfkt ?= %)÷– -?k}ofF
krf; dfq_ Pj+ u|fxs ;b:otf sf8{ jfkt ?= @)÷– -?k}ofF aL; dfq_ nfUg] 5 . pk/f]Qm /sd
;+:yfsf] sfof{no =============, ===========, ============df z]o/ ;b:otf k|df0f kq lng cfpFbf a'emfpg'
kg]{5 .
u_ z]o/ ;b:otf k|df0f kq k|fKt ug'{ cl3 cfkm"n] ltg{ afFls aSof}tf laB't dxz'n r'Qmf u/L ;s]sf]
x'g'kg]{5 .
3_ z]o/ ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ rfxg] JolQmsf gfddf ljB't ld6/ geO{ kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:osf gfddf
ePsf] eP b/vf:t lbg] JolQmn] cfj]bg lbg' cl3 pQm ld6/ cfˆgf] gfddf gfd;f/L u/]sf]
x'g'kg]{5 .
ª_ olb Ps kl/jf/df ! eGbf a9L ljB't ld6/ k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 / ;f] sf] sf/0f leGg -c+zj08f_
eP/ ePsf] xf] eg] ld6/ k|fKt ug{ ;a}n] ;b:otf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5g\ t/ To:tf cfj]bsx?n]
4
kl/jf/df leGg -c+zj08f_ ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug]{ lgDg cg';f/sf sfuhftx? dWo] s'g} Ps k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-!_ dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 k|fKt c+za08fkqsf] k|ltlnlk – ! k|lt
-@_ c+zj08f eO{ 5'§} a;]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug]{ j8f d'r'Nsf – ! k|lt
-#_ df]6/ lni6df gfd pNn]v 5 eg] 3/ gDa/ ;d]t pNn]v ul/Psf] l;kmfl/; – ! k|lt
-$_ ;DalGwt uf=lj=;=af6 k|ltlglwTj ug'{x'g] ;+rfns ;b:oaf6 l;kmfl/; – ! k|lt t/ >Ldfg\
>LdtLsf] xsdf eg] dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 k|fKt c+zj08fsf] k|ltlnlk g} k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
r_ olb ld6/ 3/wgLsf] gfddf geO{ jxfndf a:g] JolQmsf] gfddf 5 eg] To:tf ljB't pkef]Qmf
;b:otfsf nflu of]Uo dflgg] 5}g\ .
5_ olb ljB't pkef]Qmf ;f]xL 7fpFsf] :yfoLaf;LGbf geO{ a;fO{ ;/fO{ u/L cfPsf] xf] eg] a;fO{ ;/fO{
u/L cfpsf] uf=lj=;=af6 k|fKt k|df0f k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
h_ olb cfj]bs ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qdf g} :yfoL a;f]af; ug]{ xf] t/ gLh ;+:yfs} cGo If]qdf c:yfoL
?kdf a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf] 5 eg] klg gLhn] s'g} Ps 7fpFaf6 ! -Ps_ dfq ;b:otf k|fKt ug{
;Sg]5 . ;b:otfsf nflu cfj]bg ug]{ ljB't pkef]Qmfx?n] pk/f]Qm pNn]lvt k"j{ zt{x?sf
clwgdf /xL cfjZos ;Dk"0f{ sfuhft ;lxt dfq b/vf:t k]z ug'{xf]nf . kl5 k|df0f k]z ug]{ u/L
cfPsf b/vf:tx? Pk/, k|df0f kqx? ;do cjlwleq k|fKt x'g gcfPdf To:tf b/vf:t pk/ o;
k6s g} sfo{jfxL x'g] ;Dej gb]lvPdf kl5 dfq sfo{jfxL cuf8L a9fOg] 5g\ .
kl/R5]b M *
k|fljlws lgod tyf u'0f:t/x?
*= s_ ;'/lIft Pj+ lgoldt ;]jf lbnfpg] b[li6sf]0fn] cfˆgf] ljt/0f If]qdf ePsf ;a} ljB't h8fgx?df
pRr k|fljlws u'0f:t/ nfu"ug'{ ;+:yf ;b}j k|oTglzn /xg]5 .
v_ o:tf] u'0f:t/ sfod /fVgnfO{ u|fxssf] cfˆgf] 3/ cf+ugdf ePsf] ljB't h8fg oGqaf/] k|fljlws
lgod ;DalGw hfgsf/L ;+:yfsf] sfof{noaf6 k|fKt ug{ jf a'em\g kfpg] 5g\ .
u_ ;'/lIft Pj+ lgoldt ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] ;+:yfn] lgoldt dd{t ;Def/sf nflu ;do ;dodf
ljB't cfk"lt{ aGb ug]{5 / ;f] sf] hfgsf/L lnlvt ?kdf pkef]Qmfx?nfO{ u/fpg] 5 . t/ s'g} klg
cfsl:ds ;d:ofn] ljB't cfk"lt{ aGb ug'{kbf{ ;f] sf] hfgsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;"rgf kf6Ldf dfq
k|sflzt ul/g]5 .
3_ ;+:yfaf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] ld6/ cyjf s6cfp6sf] dd{t ;Def/ ;+:yfsf] k|fljlws cyjf ;+:yfn]
tf]s]sf] k|fljlwsn] dfq ug{ kfpg]5g\ .
ª_ u|fxssf] 3/df h8fg ePsf ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfu|Lx? u'0f:t/ o'Qm x'g'kg]{5 . olb u'0f:t/o'Qm gkfOPdf
;+:yfn] ljB't cfk"lt{ ug]{ 5}g . 3/df ul/Psf] jfol/Ësf] xsdf klxnf] k6s lg/LIf0fsf] nflu
z'Ns nfUg] 5}g . k"gM lg/LIf0f ug'k{ g]{ v08df z'Ns nfUg]5 . jfol/Ë lg/LIf0fsf] ;dodf pQm
3/sf] jfol/Ë ug]{ JolQm clgjfo{ ?kn] pkl:yt x'g'kg]{5 .
r_ ljBdfg jfol/Ëdf s'g} lsl;dsf] yk36 ug'{k/]df To;sf] :jLs[t ;+:yfsf] k|fljlws zfvfaf6
lng'kg]5
{ / k|fljlssn] lg/LIf0f u/] kZrft dfq jfol/Ëdf la:tf/ ug{ kfOg] 5 .
5_ ;+:yfsf] If]qleq kg]{ s'g} u|fxsn] cfˆgf] lglDt jfol/Ë jf s'g} ljB'tLo pks/0f h8fg ug'{kbf{
v6fOg] k|fljlwssf cfwf/df lgodfg';f/sf] b:t'/ ;+:yfdf a'emfpg' kg]5
{ .
5
h_ ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ljB't ljt/0f, ;le{; nfOgsf] h8fg cflb sfo{ :jo+ ug]{5 t/ u|fxs :jo+n] u/]sf]
jf cGoaf6 h8fg ul/Psf] 7fpFdf ;+:yfn] ljB't pknAw u/fpFbf s'g} b'3{6gf eO{ Hofg jf
;DklQsf] xfgL gf]S;fgLsf] nflu ;+:yf lhDd]jf/ x'g] 5}g .
kl/R5]b M (
ljB't ljt/0f k|0ffnL lg/LIf0f tyf ;Def/
(= s_ ljB't h8fgsf] lg/LIf0f jf To;sf] l7s kl/rfng / ;Def/sf] lglDt ug'k{ g]{ sfdsf] nflu
u|fxssf] 3/ cf+ugdf s'g} klg ;dodf k|j]z ug]{ clwsf/ ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglwdf /xg]5 .
v_ u|fxssf] 3/df nuftf/ ltg k6s;Dd ld6/ l/l8Ë ug{ hfFbf jf ljB't cfk"lt{ ;DalGw s'g} s'/fsf]
lg/LIf0f ug{ hfFbf k|jz
] glbPdf u|fxssf] ljB't ;KnfO{ sfl6g] 5 .
u_ u|fxssf] ljB't h8fgdf s'g} bf]if kfOPdf s] s:tf] dd{t jf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ xf] / slxn] ;Dd oL
sfdx? ;dfKt ug]{ xf] tL s'/fx? ;+:yfn] u|fxsnfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] 5 . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq pQm
sfd gl;l4Pdf sfd gl;l4pGh]n ;Dd u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ sfl6g] 5 To; kl5 k"gM h8fg
z'Ns lt/]/ dfq u|fxsn] ljB't ;KnfO{ kfpg ;Sg]5 .
3_ s6cfp6 jf ld6/ oGqdf lzn h8fg ul/g]5 . ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?n] dfq of] lzn vf]Ng
kfpg]5g\ . olb lzn b'3{6gfj; tf]l8Pdf u|fxsn] ;+:yfnfO{ t'?Gt} ;"lrt ug'{kg]{5 . lzn km]g{
tf]lsPsf] b:t'/ u|fxsn] ltg'{kg]{5 .
ª_ u|fxsn] s'g} ljB'tLo pks/0f jf h8fg lalu|Psf] b]v]df ;+:yfnfO{ t'?Gt} ;"lrt ug'{kg]{5 .
r_ u|fxssf] cg'/f]wdf 3/df ljB' h8fg ;DalGw lg/LIf0f ug'k{ /]df ;DalGwt u|fxsn] lgodfg';f/
tf]lsPsf] z'Ns / b:t'/ ;+:yfnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
5_ s'g} sf/0fa; u|fxsnfO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd -sDtLdf ;ft -&_ lbg ;Dd_ ljB't pknAw gePdf
cg'kflts cfwf/df ljB't pknAw gePsf] ;do 36fO{ z'Ns lnOg]5 . ;+:yf4f/f ljtl/t ljB't
k|fljlws sf/0fn] cfk"lt{ x'g g;s]sf] cj:yfdf dfq of] lgod nfu" x'g5
] .
h_ pk;ldltn] cg'udgsf] qmddf gofF ljB't u[x lgdf{0f ug{, cfjZostf k/]sf] cj:yfdf cGo
lgsfo;+u ljB't vl/b u/L cfk"lt{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf / lgoldlttf k|bfg ug{ ;ldltnfO{ cfjZos
;Nnfx, ;'emfj lbg / ;ldltaf6 k|fKt lgb]{zg sfof{Gjog ug]{5 .
kl/R5]b M !)
ljB't ljR5]bg
!)= s_ u|fxsn] k'/fgf] 3/ eTsfO{ gofF 3/ agfpFbf jf cGo s'g} sf/0f bzf{O{ ljB't ljR5]bgsf] nflu
;+:yfdf lgj]bg lbPsf] v08df pQm u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ ;ft lbg leq sfl6g] 5 / k"gM h8fg
ug'{k/]df h8fg z'Ns lnP/ ljB't cfk"lt{ lgoldt ul/g]5 .
v_ u|fxsn] ljB't rf]/]sf] kfOPdf pQm u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ sfl6g] 5 . t/ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df
km]/L hf]8\g' k/]df pQm u|fxsaf6 ;+:yfsf] lgodfg';f/ hl/jfgf / k"gM h8fg z'Ns lnP/ dfq
ljB't cfk"lt{ lgoldt ul/g]5 .
u_ u|fxssf] 3/df jfol/Ë ;+tf]ifhgs gb]lvPdf pQm u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ ljR5]b ul/g]5 /
jfol/Ëdf cfjZos ;'wf/ u/] kl5 k"gM h8fg z'Ns lnO{ ljB't cfk"lt{ lgoldt ul/g]5 .
6
3_ u|fxsn] ljB't dxz'n nuftf/ tLg dlxgf ;Dd glt/]sf] b]lvPdf pQm u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ aGb
ul/g]5 . k"gM ljB't cfk'lt{ h8fg ug'{k/]df u|fxsn] klxn]sf] ;Dk"0f{ afFls aSof}tf tyf k"gM h8fg
z'Ns e'Qmfg ug'{kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b M !!
ljB't dxz'n ;+sng
!!= s_ ljB't dxz'n tyf ;]jf z'Nsx? u|fxs :jo+n] jf ;DalGwt u|fxssf] ;+:yfdfkm{t k|To]s dlxgf
;+:yfn] tf]ss
] f] ;doleq ;+:yfsf] sfof{no ==============, ================, ============== cyjf ;DalGwt
dxz'n ;+sng sd{rf/LnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
v_ ljB't dxz'n tyf ;]jf z'Nsx? sfod b//]6 cg';f/ lnOg]5 .
u_ x/]s dlxgfsf] ljB't dxz'n / ;]jf z'Nsx? u|fxsx?n] ljn cg';f/ ;doleq e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{5 .
3_ lgwf{l/t ldltdf u|fxsn] e'QmfgL ug'k{ g]{ /sd e'QmfgL gu/]df lgDg cg';f/ yk b:t'/ nfUg] 5 M
c_ lgwf{l/t ldltsf] ef]nLkN6af6 ;f]xL dlxgfsf] df;fGt ;Dd yk %Ü b:t'/ nfUg] 5 .
cf_ d;fGt pk/fGt csf]{ dlxgfsf] d;fGtleq yk !)Ü b:t'/ nfUg]5 . t/ pQm cjlwleq ;Dd
klg e'QmfgL gu/]sf] kfOPdf ;+:yfn] ljgf ;"rgf u|fxssf] ljB't cfk"lt{ aGb ug{ ;Sg]5 .
afFsL dxz'n / k"gM h8fg z'Ns e'QmfgL eP kl5 dfq ljB't cfk'lt{ lgoldt ul/g]5 .
ª_ u|fxsn] ljB't ;+sng ug]{ sd{rf/L;+u clgjfo{ ?kn] u|fxs sf8{ e/fpg' kg]{5 . u|fxs sf8{
x/fPsf] v08df gofF sf8{ lgodfg';f/ b:t'/ lt/L ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 .
r_ u|fxs sf8{ / ljndf km/s k/]df u|fxsn] ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf cfO{ ;Rofpg nufpg'kg]{5 .
kl/R5]b M !@
ljB't ljt/0f k|0ffnL lj:tf/ / lgdf{0f
!@= s_ ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] sfo{If]qleq ;Dk"0f{ u|fxsx?nfO{ ljB't ;]jf k'¥ofpg] 5 . ljB't ;]jf lj:tf/sf
nflu ;ldltn] l;kmfl/; u/] cg';f/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
v_ u|fxsn] ;+:yfsf] lgod ljkl/t ljB't k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
u_ pBf]uwGbf ;+rfng ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ pBf]uwgLx?n] ;+:yf4f/f tf]lsPsf] ;doleq dfq ;+rfng ug{
kfpg]5g\ .
3_ ljB't Knf06 / ljt/0f k|0ffnL lgdf{0f, lj:tf/ h:tf sfo{ ug'k{ bf{ ;fwf/0f ;efn] kfl/t u/]sf]
jflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 leq /xL ;ldltn] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] 5 .
ª_ ah]6 th'{dfM ljB't pTkfbg;+u ;DalGwt gLlt, lgod, sfo{qmd ah]6 th'{df ug'{kbf{ Joj:yfksn]
pknAw u/fPsf] ljj/0f, tYof+s / k|f/lDes k|f?ksf] cfwf/df pk ;ldltn] ljljw kIfdf 5nkmn
u/L l;kmfl/; ;fy ;'emfj ;lxt cg'df]bgsf nflu ;fwf/0f ;efdf k]z ug]5
{ . ;fwf/0f ;efaf6
cg'df]lbt gLlt lgod / ah]6 sfo{qmd ;ldlt dfkm{t pk ;ldlt / Joj:yfksLo c+u dfkm{t
sfof{Gjog x'g] 5 .
7
kl/R5]b M !#
;dfg v/Lb / To;sf] k|of]u k|s[of
!#= s_ ljB't nfOg dd{t ;'wf/ tyf lj:tf/sf] nflu rflxg] ;fdfgsf] lj:t[t ljj/0f ;DalGwt zfvfaf6
pknAw u/fO{g5
] . o;/L pknAw u/fOPsf] ljj/0f ;fdfg pko'Qm xf] jf xf]Og egL ;ldltaf6
lg0f{o u/fO{ lgodfg';f/sf] vl/b k|so[ f ckgfO{ vl/b ul/g]5 .
v_ s'g} 7fpFdf ljB't nfOg lj:tf/ ug]{ gug]{ To;sf] lg0f{o ;ldltaf6 ul/g]5 .
u_ gofF nfOg lj:tf/ ug'{kbf{ To;sf] lj:t[t ;j]{If0f, nfut cg'dfg ;ldltdf k]z ul/g]5 / ;f] sfo{
ug]{ gug]{ ;ldltaf6 lg0f{o ul/g]5 .
3_ ljB't k|;f/0f÷ljt/0f k|0ffnL jf ljB't pTkfbg oGq ;'rf? ?kn] ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu s'g}
pks/0f km]g'{kg]{ b]lvPdf pQm ;fdfg :6f]/af6 l/lSjlh;g u/L ;+:yfsf] dxfk|aGws jf k|fljlws
k|dv
' af6 k|dfl0ft u/fPkl5 dfq :6f]/af6 lemsL ;DalGwt 7fpFdf h8fg ul/g]5 t/ lgsflnPsf
oGq ;fdfg :6f]/df clgjfo{ ?kn] a'emfpg' kg]{5 .
ª_ ljB't nfOg jf ljB't oGqnfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;fdfg vfl/b u/L NofPkl5 To;nfO{ cflgjfo{ ?kdf
:6f]/ bflvnf ug'k{ g]5
{ clgdfq To;nfO{ k|of]udf NofOg]5 .
kl/R5]b – !$
ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldlt
!$= s_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq kg]{ k|To]s 6fG;km/d/ cyjf k|To]s nf]8;]G6/df Ps æljB't pkef]Qmf
;ldltÆsf] u7g ul/g]5 . æljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldltÆsf] ;+/rgf lgDgfg';f/ x'g]5 M
ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldlt dWo]af6
–
@ hgf
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;ldlt dWo]af6
–
! hgf
pBf]uwGbf dWo]af6
–
! hgf
ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldlt dWo]af6
–
@ hgf
;+3÷;+:yf dWo]af6
–
@ hgf
hgk|ltlglw dWo]af6
–
@ hgf
dlxnf dWo]af6
–
@ hgf
blnt dWo]af6
–
! hgf
hDdf
!# hgf
!# hgf dWo]af6 cWoIf, pkfWoIf, ;lrj 5flgg]5g\ . x/]s ;+rfns ;ldltsf] j}7s x'g' cl3
ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] j}7s a;L lg0f{o ul/Psf s'/fx? pQm uf=lj=;=sf] ;+rfns ;b:o
dfkm{t ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lgoldt a}7sdf k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
v_ ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/M
c_ ufpFdf ljB'tLs/0f ubf{ x'g cfPsf ;Dk"0f{ ;d:of pk/ 5nkmn ug]{ / ;dfwfgsf pkfoaf/]
;DalGwt ;+rfns ;ldlt ;b:o dfkm{t ;+rfns ;ldltsf lgoldt a}7sdf k]z ug]{ .
cf_ ljB't k|0ffnL /]vb]v / ;'/Iff ug]{ .
O_ ljB't dxz'n p7fpg ;xof]u ug]{ tyf dxz'n ;+snsnfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{ ubf{ cfO{ kg]{
;d:ofx?nfO{ ;dfwfg ub}{ ;+sng sfo{nfO{ lgoldt / ;'rf? ?kn] cufl8 a9fpg] .
O{_ ljlgod÷gLltx?df ePsf a'+bfx? Pk/ s]xL yk36 ug'{kg]{ ePdf /fo, ;Nnfx tyf ;'emfj lbg]
.
8
kl/R5]b M !%
ljljw
!%= s_ Knf06sf] sG6«fn
] Kofgn jf ljB't nfOgdf s]xL kl/jt{g ug'k{ /]df ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cflwsfl/s
lg0f{o clgjfo{ ?kn] x'g'kg]{5 .
v_ s'g} 7fpFdf ljB't nfOg jf ljB't dxz'n ;DalGw s]lx jfbljjfb ;[hgf ePdf To;nfO{ Pp6f
pk;ldlt u7g u/L ;dfwfg ul/g]5 . ;ldlt o;k|sf/ x'g5
] .
c_ cWoIf
– ;+:yfsf] cWoIf
cf_ ;b:o
– ;DalGwt 7fpFaf6 ;+:yfdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ JolQm
O_
;b:o
– ;DalGwt 7fpFsf] ljB't pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf] cWoIf
O{_
;b:o
– ;+:yfsf] k|fljlws -k|fljlws ;d:of ePdfq_
u_ ;+:yfn] s'g} 7fpFdf ljB't ;DalGw hgr]tgfsf] cefj b]lvPdf cfjZostf cg';f/ hgr]tgf
;DalGw sfo{qmd ug]{5 .
3_ b}jL k|sf]k cyjf cfsl:ds cfkb ljkb, b'36{ gf k/L ljB't Knf06 nufotsf ljB't pTkfbg
k|0ffnLdf k|lts'n k|efj kfg]{ l:ylt ;[hgf x'g uPdf jf x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvPdf ;ldltn] t'?Gt ;f]
sf] ljj/0f / tTsfn ug'{kg]{ sfo{sf] ;'emfj ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg cWoIf dfkm{t ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug]{
5 / ;ldltn] klg ;f] ljifodf tTsfn cfˆg} txaf6 x'g ;Sg] hlt sfof{Gjog ug{ nufpg] /
cg'dlt lnO{ ug'{ kg]s
{ f] xsdf oyflz3| ;fwf/0f ;efsf] lg0f{o lnO{ cfjZos Joj:yf ug]5
{ .
9
cg';'rL – *
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf btf{ lgb]{lzsf, @)^(
;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ ;DjGwL Joj:yf
!= ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3 u7g ;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yfM
;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] u7g ;DjGwdf ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf # df lgDgfg';f/sf] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 M–
-!_ ;xsf/L l;4fGt cg'?k cfˆgf ;b:ox?sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu ;]jf tyf ;'ljwf
k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] b]xfo jdf]lhdsf] ;+:yf jf ;+3 u7g ug{ ;lsg]5 M–
-s_ slDtdf @% hgf JolQmx? ;b:o ePsf] k|f/lDes ;+:yf
-v_ v08 -s_ jdf]lhdsf] slDtdf kfFrj6f ;+:yfx? ;b:o ePsf] ljifout ;+3
-u_ v08 -s_ jdf]lhdsf ;+:yfx? jf v08 -v_ jdf]lhdsf ljifout ;+3x? jf b'j} u/L slDtdf %
j6f ;+:yfx? jf ;+3x? ;b:o ePsf] lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3,
-3_ v08 -s_ jdf]lhdsf slDtdf @% j6f ljifout ;+:yfx? jf v08 -v_ jdf]lhdsf slDtdf % j6f
ljifout ;+3x? ;b:o ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-ª_ v08 -v_, -u_ / -3_ jdf]lhdsf slDtdf !% j6f ;+3x? ;b:o ePsf] /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 .
-@_ Pp6} lhNnfdf Ps eGbf j9L jf Ps} k|sl[ tsf ljifout ;+3, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 tyf Ps} k|sl[ tsf
Ps eGbf j9L s]Gb|Lo ;xs/L ;+3 u7g ug{ ;lsg] b]lvb}+g . ;xsf/L P]gdf k|of]u ePsf] pk/f]tm
jfSof+zn] k|f/lDes ;+:yfx? hlt;'s} ;+Vofdf u7g ug{ ;lsg] t/ Pp6f lhNnfdf Ps} k|s[ltsf]
ljifout ;+3, lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3 Pp6f dfq / g]kfne/df s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 Ps eGbf j9L u7g
ug{ /f]s nufPsf] 5 . g]kfndf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 Ps eGbf j9L u7g x'g ;Sg] xf] ls eGg] e|d pQm
jfSof+zjf6 b]lvP klg æ/fli6«oÆ eGg] zJbsf] k|of]un] ;xsf/L cleofgsf] g]tT[ jbfoL lgsfosf] ?kdf
/x]sf] /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3 klg Ps eGbf j9L u7g x'g ;Sg] b]lvb}g .
@= k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ k|lqmofM
;xsf/L P]g, @)$* jdf]lhd btf{ u/L ;xsfo{sf] dfWodaf6 cfˆgf lqmofsnfk ;xsf/L Joj;fo
dfkm{t ;+rfng ug{ OR5's slDtdf @% hgf g]kfnL gful/sx? ldnL k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf u7g ug{
;lsG5 M–
-s_ ;+:yf btf{ ug{ lgj]bg lbg] JolQmx?
-v_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq j;f]jf; u/]sf JolQmx?,
-u_ ;+:yfsf] sDtLdf ! -Ps_ yfg z]o/ vl/b u/L ;+:yfsf] ;]jf k|fKt ug{ rfxg] / lhDd]jf/L jxg
ug{ :jLsf/ ug]{ JolQmx?,
-3_ ljlgoddf pNn]lvt zt{x? k"/f ug{ d~h\"/ ug]{ JolQmx? pk/f]Qmdf pNn]lvt of]Uotf k'u]sf
JolQmx?n] ;xsf/L ;+:yf u7g ug{ rfx]df k|ydtM lgDg jdf]lhdsf] sfo{ qmdfg';f/ k"/fug{'
kb{5 M–
-!_ k|yd k|f/lDes e]nf M
k|:tfljt ;+:yf u7g ug{ OR5's sDtLdf @% hgf JolQmx?sf] k|yd k|f/lDes e]nf jf]nfpg'
kg]{5 . pQm e]nfdf k|:tfljt ;+:yf u7g ug{ OR5's ;j} JolQmx? clgjfo{ ?kdf pkl:yt
x''g'kb{5 . pQm e]nfdf pkl:yt JolQmx? dWo]jf6 e]nfn] tf]s]sf] JolQmsf] ;+of]hsTjdf
j}7s j;L lgDg ljifox?df k|:tfj /fvL lg0f{o ug'{kb{5 .
10
-s_ ;+:yf vf]Ng] ljifodf,
-v_ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgf ;DjGwdf -;+:yfsf] gfd s] /fVg], s'g :yfgdf ;+:yfsf]
sfof{no /fVg] eGg] / ;fy} ;+:yfsf] gfd k|:tfj ubf{ cGo ;+:yfsf] gfd ;+u ldNg]ul/
g/fVg] tk{m ;r]t /xg] / ;+:yfsf] k|:tfljt gfdsf nflu lgj]bg ;lxt clu|d
;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{nosf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . k|:tfljt gfddf # lbg leq
;DalGwt sfof{non] ldNg] gldNg] hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . :jLs[lt lnPsf] !) lbg
leqdf k|:tfljt gfdsf] ;+:yf btf{sf nflu ;DalGwt sfof{nodf lgj]bg k]z u/L
;Sg'kg]5
{ . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;do gf3]kl5 ;f] gfd c?n] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n]
To; tkm{ ;r]t /xg]_
-u_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo / sfo{x?sf] lgwf{/0f ;DjGwdf -;+:yfsf] p2]Zo / sfo{ lgwf{/0f ubf{
;s] ;Dd Psn p2]Zosf sfo{ / ;f] sfo{;u+ ;Dj4 cGo sfo{x?sf] lgwf{/0f ug'{kb{5 ._
-3_ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q to ug]{ ;DjGwdf -;xsf/L ljefun] hf/L u/]sf] dfkb08sf]
k|lts"n gx'g] ul/ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q ufpF ljsf; ;ldltdf /fVg] ePdf j9Ldf hf]l8Psf
% j6f uf=lj=;=x? ;Dd, dxfgu/kflnsf / pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf eP j9Ldf hf]l8Psf
% j6f j8f ;Dd / gu/kflnsfdf eP j9Ldf Ps gu/kflnsf ;Dd ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q
to ug]{_
-ª_ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] k|ltz]o/ /sd / ;b:o k|j]z z'Ns lgwf{/0f ;DjGwdf,
-r_ ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g ;DjGwdf - ;a} sfo{ If]q nfO ;d]6g] u/L
slDtdf & hgfsf] tby{ ;ldlt u7g ug]{_
-5_ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] ljlgod tof/Lsf]= lhDdf lbg] ;DjGwdf -pkl:yt JolQmx? dWo]
s;}nfO{ ljlgod lgdf{0f ug{ tf]Sg] h:t}M tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ lhDdf lbg] jf
ljlgod d:of}bf ;ldlt u7g ug]{ jf s'g]} ljz]if1sf] ;]jf lng] lg0f{o ug]{_
-h_ sfo{ of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{ lhDdf lbg] ljifodf -ljlgod th'{dfdf h:t} k|s[of ckgfpg]_
sfo{ of]hgfsf] gd"gf cg';"rL–*=! df pNn]v u/] adf]lhdsf] x'g' kg]{ .
-em_ ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnLx? th'd
{ f ug{ lhDdf
lbg] ;DjGwdf -cfjZostfg';f/ ljlgod th'{dfdf h:t} k|lqmof ckgfpg]_
-`_ jrt tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;+:+ yf eP jrt tyf C0f kl/rfng lgb]l{ zsf klg
th'{df ug{ lhDdf lbg],
-6_ z]o/ / k|jz
] z'Ns jfkt /sd p7fpg] / ;f] /sd lhDdf lbg] ;DjGwdf,
-7_ ;+:yf :yfkgf ;DaGwL cGo cfjZos ljifox?df lg0f{o ug]{ .
-8_ klxnf]] k|f/lDes e]nfsf] lg0f{osf] gd'gf cg';r
' L–*=@ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ bf]>f] e]nf M
k|yd e]nfn] ;'Dk]sf] lhDd]jf/L -;:yfsf] ljlgodsf] d:of}bf tof/L, so{of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f,
cfjZostfg';f/ cfly{s tyf sd{rf/L k|zf;g lgodfjnLx?sf] lgdf{0f sfo{x?_ k'/f eO{
;s]kl5 k|yd k|f/lDes e]nfdf pkl:yt ;j} JolQmx? -sDtLdf @% hgf_ pkl:yt eO
b]xfdf pNn]lvt ljifodf 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ug'{ kb{5 . bf]>f] k e]nfdf btf{ ug]{ sfof{nosf
;DjlGwt clwsf/LnfO pkl:yt x'g cg'/f]w ug{ ;lsg] / o:tf] cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf ;DjlGwt
clwsf/L jf lghsf] k|ltlglw ;+ej eP ;Dd pkl:yt eO{ ;xsf/L ;DjGwL cfjZos 1fg
lbg'sf ;fy} ;+:yf btf{sf] nflu cfjZos ;xof]u ;d]t k'¥ofpg' kg]{5 . o; e]nfn] slDtdf
b]xfosf ljifox?df 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 M
11
-s_ d:of}bf ljlgod pk/ 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o lng] M d:of}bf ljlgoddf pNn]lvt ljifox?
dWo] sDtLdf b]xfosf ljifodf /fd|f;
] u+ 5nkmn ug'{ kb{5 –
-!_ ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo / sfo{x?sf] ;DjGwdf,
-@_ ;b:ox?sf] lhDd]jf/L / hjfkmb]xLsf] ;DjGwdf
-#_ ljleGg sf]ifx?sf] /sd jfF8kmfF8 ;DjGwdf,
-$_ Joj:yfks÷sd{rf/Lx?sf] lhDd]jf/L / hjfkmb]xL ;DjGwdf,
-%_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] sfd st{Jo / clwsf/sf] ljifodf -;fwf/0f ;efsf]
clwsf/nfO{ s'07Lt ul/Psf] 5 jf 5}g ljrf/ ug]{_
-^_ ljefuaf6 hf/L ePsf] dfkb08df pNn]v ePsf ljifox? ;dflji6 eP gePsf]_
-v_ sfo{of]hgfsf] ljifodf 5nkmn ug]{ / lg0f{o lng] -tof/ ul/Psf] sfo{of]hgfn] ;
+ :+ yfsf]
p2]Zo k'/f x'g ;S5 jf ;Sb}g x]g'{kg]{ _
-u_ ;+:yf btf{ ug{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ -;fdfGotof tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf /
j9Ldf cGo @ hgf ;DdnfO{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]_{
-3_ ;+:yf btf{ kZrft z]o/ / ;b:o k|j]z z'Ns jfkt p7]sf] /sd s'g a}+sdf vftf
vf]nL hDdf ug]{ / vftf ;+rfng s; s;jf6 x'g] -;xsf/L lgodfjnL @)$( sf]
lgod !& k|lts"n gx'g] u/L_ lg0f{o ug]{ .
-ª_ :j3f]if0f kq, jrt tyf C0f kl/rfng lgb]l{ zsf, cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL
kfl/t ug]{ ;DaGwdf . :j3f]if0f kq gd'gf cg';'rL–*=^ pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-r_ bf];|f] e]nfsf] lg0f{osf] gd'gf cg';'rL–*=# df pNn]v eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@=! ljlgoddf ;dfj]z x'g' kg]{ ljifox? M
;xsf/L P]g, @)$* tyf ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( df ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljlgodsf]
9fFrf s:tf] x'g] eGg] ;DjGwdf :ki6 Joj:yf u/]sf] 5}g . oBkL P]gsf] bkmf !@-#_ df ljlgoddf
;+:yf jf ;+3sf] gfd, 7]ufgf, sfo{If]q, p2]Zo, ;+rfng ljlw tyf tf]lsP jdf]lhdsf] cGo
ljj/0fx? v'nfOPsf] x'gk' 5{ eGg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 eg] ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf]
cg';"rL–# df k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] ljlgoddf pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ ljifox? pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 h'g o;
k|sf/ 5 M
!= ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf,
@= sfo{If]q
#= kl/efiff,
$= p2]Zo,
%= sfo{
^= ;b:otf
&= ;b:osf] nflu of]Uotf,
*= k|j]z z'Ns,
(= ;b:otfjf6 /fhLgfdf,
!)= ;b:osf] lgisfzg,
!!= sf]ifsf] Joj:yf,
!@= z]o/ k"+hL,
!#= z]o/ k|df0f–kq,
!$= z]o/sf] x:tfGt/0f jf lkmtf{,
!%= bfloTj,
!^= xsjfnfsf] dgf]gog,
!&= xsbfjL jf gfd;f/L,
!(= ;fwf/0f ;ef
@)= ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;ef
!*=k|f/lDes ;fwf/0f ;ef,
@!=;fwf/0f ;efsf sfd,
st{Jo / clwsf/
@$= ;ldltsf] j}7s
@%= cWoIfsf] sfd st{Jo /
clwsf/
@*= n]vf ;ldltsf] sfd,
@#= ;+rfnssf] kbdf jxfn /xg
@@=;+rfns ;ldltsf] u7g Pj+
g;Sg] cj:yf,
sfd st{Jo / clwsf/
@^= pk ;ldltsf] u7g /
@&= n]vf ;ldltsf] u7g
12
sfo{ljlw
@(= Joj:yfkssf] lgo'lQm,
sfd st{Jo / clwsf/
st{Jo / clwsf/
#)= jrt ljt/0f
#!= sf]ifsf] ;'/Iff
#%= lgjf{rg
##=;+3, ;+:yfn] /fVg kg]{ jlxvftf #$=jflif{s lx;fj hfFr
/ lstfjx?
#^= dWo:ytf ;DjGwL Joj:yf
#&= ljlgod ;+zf]wg
#*= lj36g
#(= ljljw
#@= sf]ifsf] pkof]u
+@=@= ljefuLo kl/kq / ljefuaf6 hf/L ePsf] dfkb08df pNn]lvt ljifox? ;d]t ljlgoddf ;dfj]z
ug'{kg]{ M
dfly pNn]v ul/Psf ljifox? ljlgoddf clgjfo{ ?kdf ;dfj]z ul/g' kb{5 eg] ;f] sf cltl/Qm
ljefujf6 hf/L ePsf] dfkb08 / ljefuaf6 ljleGg ldltdf hf/L ul/Psf kl/kqx?df pNn]v
ul/Psf b]xfosf ljifox? ;d]t ljlgoddf ;dfj]z ug'k{ b{5 –
-1_ ;+:yfn] ug]{ sfo{ p2]Zo gfdjf6 k|i6 x'g] ul/ ;+:yfsf] gfd /fVg' kg]{ -h:t} hgtf pkef]Qmf
;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= jf ;d[4 jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=_, Joj;fosf] p2]Zo gv'Ng]
h:t} dgsfdgf ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= /fVg' x'bg+} .
-2_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{ k|sl[ tn] k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd cGo lgsfosf] cg'dlt, :jLs[lt jf Ohfht
lng' kg{] Joj:yf ul/Psf] /x]5 eg] ;f] lnP/ dfq sf/f]jf/ ;+rfng ug]{ eGg] Joj:yf /fVg] h:t}– ;+rf/ ;DjGwL ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] u7g ug]{ eP g]kfn ;/sf/ ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/
dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ jfSof+z /fVg]_
-3_ k|:tfljt ;+:yf jrt tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ k|s[ltsf] /x]5 eg] ljlgoddf lgDg ljifox?
;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;+:yfsf] gfdsf] k5f8L kmfOgfG;, OGe]i6e]06, 8]enkd]G6 h:tf zJbx? g/fVg],
-v_ ;+:yfsf] ljlgoddf cfˆgf ;b:ox?;+u dfq jrt hDdf ul/g] / cfˆgf ;b:ox?nfO{
dfq C0f k|bfg ul/g]5 eGg] jf+Sof+z ;dfj]z ug]{, -jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
xsdf Joj;fo ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] xsdf o:tf] JOj:yf /fVg gkfOg]_
-u_ ;+:yfsf] lgoldt jrtstf{sf] ?kdf ;b:o geO{ C0f lng] p2]Zon] dfq z]o/ ;b:o
gjgfO{g] Joj:yf ljlgoddf ;dfj]z ug]{,
-3_ ;+:yf btf{ x'+bfsf jvt cfj]bg ug]{ ;b:ox? jfx]s cGo ;b:on] ;+:yfsf] ;b:otf
k|fKt u/]sf] slDtdf ^ dlxgf cjlw Joltt eP kl5 dfq C0f k|fKt ug]{ eGg] Joj:yf
;dfj]z ug{],
-ª_ k|fylds k"+lhF sf]ifsf] !) u'0ff eGbf j9L jrt hDdf gul/g] eGg] Joj:yf ;dfj]z ug{],
-r_ Ps ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt sfo{If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf ;f]xL ufFp ljsf;
;ldltsf afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ Ps ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt / k|To]s hf]l8Psf ufFp
ljsf; ;ldltsf yk leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf :yflgo afl;Gbfx?sf] cfa]bgsf cfwf/df
a9Ldf hf]l8Psf % ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt;Dd sfo{If]q /xg] u/L sfo{ If]q sfod ug]{ .
Ps gu/kflnsfsf] hf]l8Psf @ j6f j8f sfo{ If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf ;f]xL
j8fsf afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ gu/kflnsfsf] @ j6f hf]l8Psf j8f sfo{If]q tyf
k|To]s hf]l8Psf @ j8fsf leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf afl;Gbfx?sf] cfa]bgsf cfwf/df
a9Ldf gu/kflnsf e/ sfo{If]q /xg] u/L sfo{ If]q sfod ug]{ . pkdxfgu/kflnsf /
13
dxfgu/kflnsfsf] ! j6f j8f sfo{If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf ;f]xL j8fsf
afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ ! j6f j8f sfo{If]q tyf k|To]s hf]l8Psf ! j8fsf leGg
kl/jf/sf @% hgf afl;Gbfx?sf] cfa]bgsf cfwf/df a9Ldf hf]l8Psf % j6f j8f
sfo{If]q /xg] u/L sfo{ If]q sfod ug]{ .
:kli6s/0f art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] Ps} lhNnf leqsf hf]l8Psf
ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsf jf pkdxfgu/kflnsf jf dxfgu/kflnsfsf j8f If]q
;d]t hf]8L sfo{If]q sfod ug{ dfu ug{ ;Sg]5g .
-5_ u}x| ;b:o;+u sf/f]jf/ gul/g] ljifo ;dfj]z ug]{ .
-h_ ;+:yfdf sDtLdf !%Ü t/ntf /flvg] ljifo ;dfj]z ug]{ .
-em_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] kbdf pDd]bjf/ x'g] ;b:osf] ;+:yfdf efvf gf3]sf] C0f /xg gx'g]
/ k|rlnt sfg"g jdf]lhd sfnf] ;"rLdf gk/]sf] ;DklQ z'l4s/0f ;DaGwL sfg"gsf]
s;"/ gu/]sf] elg :j3f]if0ff kq k]z ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfg /fVg] .
#= ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ lgj]bg ;fy k]z ug'{ kg]{ sfuhftx? M
dfly pNn]v eP cg';f/sf] k|:tfljt ljlgod / sfo{of]hgf bf]>f] e]nfaf6 kf; eO;s]kl5 lgDg
sfuhftx? ;+nUg /flv ;+:yf btf{sf] nflu ;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( df lbO{Psf] gd"gf jdf]lhdsf]
cfj]bgkq e/L ;DjlGwt lhNnfsf] l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nodf ?= !).– sf] l6s6 6fF; u/L cg';'rL–
*=$ cg';f/sf] 9f+rfdf cfj]bg ug'{ kb{5 .
-1_ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] b'O{ k|lt k|dfl0ft ;Ssn ljlgod -olb cGo lhNnfsf] k|fb]lzs clwsf/ /x]sf]
sfof{nodf ;f] ;+:yf btf{ x'g] eP # k|lt k|dfl0ft ;Ssn ljlgod, h;df tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltn]
k|To]s k[i7sf] lz/ k'5f/df ;xL ul/ k|dfl0ft u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 b:tvt u/L kmf]6f]slk u/]sf]nfO
dfGotf glbg]_
-2_ cg';'rL –*=! adf]lhdsf] k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] @ k|lt k|dfl0ft ;Ssn} sfo{of]hgf, -o;df klg v08
-!_ df pNn]v eP jdf]lhd k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 _
-3_ k|yd k|f/lDes e]nf / bf]>f] e]nfn] lg0f{ox?sf] !÷! k|lt k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlkx? -clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg
ul/Psf JolQmaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fpg]_
-4_ ;+:yfsf] xsdf cfj]bg ug]{ sDtLdf @% hjfg -leGg kl/jf/sf_ JolQmx?sf] ljj/0f / b:tvt
;+nUg ePsf] ;Ssn} ljj/0f kmf/fd
-5_ cfj]bsx?sf] gful/stf k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk, -cfj]bsx?sf] ljj/0f / b:tvtsf] gd"gf
cg';"rL – *=( adf]lhdsf]_
-6_ cfj]bg kqdf k|:tfljt ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;ldltsf] cWoIfn] b:tvt u/]sf] x'g' kb{5 .
-7_ ;+:yf btf{ ;DjGwL sfo{ ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt JolQmsf] b:tvt gd"gf ;lxtsf] ;Ssn clwsf/kq cg';"rL–*=% adf]lhdsf]_
-8_ ;+:yfsf] k|:tfljt ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] sd{rf/L b/jGbL ljj/0f -P]lR5s_,
-9_ z]o/ / k|jz
] z'Ns jfkt p7]sf] /sd s'g} j}s
+ df hDdf u/]sf] ef}r/ / lhDdf lng] JolQmn] u/]sf]
ekf{O{ -cg';"rL–*=* adf]lhdsf]_
-10_ tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] kmf]6f] ;lxt # k':t] ljj/0f, -cg';"rL–*=!) adf]lhdsf]_
-11_ cfj]bsx? ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq :yfoL j;f]jf; u/]sf] k|df0f . o:tf] k|df0fsf] ?kdf lgDg dWo]
s'g} PsnfO{ dflgg]5 M–
• g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnkL -gf]6/L klJnsaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] x'g'kg]{_ .
• xfn;fn} lvlrPsf] kf;kf]6{ ;fOhsf] Ps Ps k|lt kmf]6f] .
14
• sfo{If]qleq a;f]jf; u/]sf] t/ k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q aflx/sf] gful/stf ePsf]
cfj]bsx?sf] xsdf g]kfnL gful/stfsf] k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlksf] ;fydf sfo{ If]qleq
a;f]jf; u/]sf] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft x'g] b]xfosf] dWo] s'g} Ps k|df0fsf] k|dfl0ft
k|ltlnlk .
 kl/jf/ ;lxtsf] a;fO{ ;/fO{ u/L cfPsf] eP ;f]sf] k|df0f kq .
 j}jflxs ;DaGwsf cfwf/df a;fO{ ;g'{k/]sf] eP ljjfx btf{sf] k|df0fkq / gftf k|dfl0ft .
 3/ ePsf] k|dfl0ft ug{ hUufwgL k'hf{sf] k|ltlnlk / 3/ gS;f Ohfhtsf] k|ltlnlk jf
xfn;fn} ljB't dx;'n lt/]sf] lan / lt/f] lt/]sf] /l;b .
 ljut b'O{ jif{ b]lv ;DalGwt sfo{ If]qdf Joj;fo u/L a;]sf] k|dfl0ft x'g] gljs/0f
;lxtsf] Joj;fo Ohfht k|df0fkq / s/ lt/]sf] k|df0f kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlkx? .
 sd{rf/Lsf] xsdf :yfoL lgo'lQm kq, xfn sfo{/t sfof{no jf lgsfo v'Ng] k|df0f /
;DalGwt sfo{ If]qdf jxfndf a;f]af; u/]sf] Joxf]/f k|dfl0ft x'g] :yflgo lgsfon] u/]sf]
a9Ldf ! dlxgf leqsf] l;kmfl/z .
 cfdf afa' >Ldfg >LdtL / 5f]/f 5f]/L afx]s cGosf] xsdf Psf3/ ;uf]ndf /x]sf] gftf
;d]t v'Ng] :yfgLo lgsfosf] l;kmfl/; .
• a;f]af;sf cfwf/df ;+:yf btf{sf] nflu cfj]bg ug]{ JolQmx? dWo] slDtdf *) k|ltzt
cfa]bsx?sf] :yfoL a;f]af; k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]q leq x'g' kg]5
{ . of] cg'kft ;+:yfn]
;w} sfod /fVg' kg]5
{ .
$= k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] sfo{ If]q ;DjGwL k|fjwfgx? M
-!_ a;f]af;sf] cfwf/df btf{ x'g] art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ btf{sf] ;dodf
b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] u/L sfo{If]q tf]lsg] 5 .
-s_ uFfp ljsf; ;ldlt If]q M Ps ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt sfo{If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf
;f]xL uflj;sf afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ Ps ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt sfo{If]q lbO{ ;+:yf btf{
ul/g]5 .
t/ k|To]s hf]l8Psf ufFp ljsf; ;ldltsf yk leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf :yflgo afl;Gbfx?sf]
cfa]bgsf cfwf/df a9Ldf hf]l8Psf % ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt;Dd sfo{If]q sfod u/L ;+:yf btf{
ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-v_ gu/kflnsf If]q M Ps gu/kflnsfsf] hf]l8Psf @ j6f j8f sfo{ If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @%
hgf ;f]xL j8fsf afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ gu/kflnsfsf] @ j6f hf]l8Psf j8f sfo{If]q lbO{
;+:yf btf{ ul/g]5 .
t/ k|To]s hf]l8Psf @ j8fsf leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf afl;Gbfx?sf] cfa]bgsf cfwf/df
a9Ldf gu/kflnsf e/ sfo{If]q sfod u/L ;+:yf btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-u_ pkdxfgu/kflnsf÷dxfgu/kflnsf If]qM pkdxfgu/kflnsf / dxfgu/kflnsfsf] ! j6f j8f
sfo{If]q /fvL leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf ;f]xL j8fsf afl;Gbfx?n] cfj]bg ubf{ ! j6f j8f
sfo{If]q lbO{ ;+:yf btf{ ul/g]5 .
t/ k|To]s hf]l8Psf ! j8fsf leGg kl/jf/sf @% hgf afl;Gbfx?sf] cfa]bgsf cfwf/df
a9Ldf hf]l8Psf % j6f j8f sfo{If]q sfod u/L ;+:yf btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-@_ art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?n] pkbkmf -!_ sf] cfwf/df Ps} lhNnf leqsf
hf]l8Psf ufFp ljsf; ;ldlt / gu/kflnsf jf pkdxfgu/kflnsf jf dxfgu/kflnsfsf j8f If]q
;d]t hf]8L sfo{If]q sfod ug{ dfu ug{ ;Sg]5g .
15
-#_ s[lif, pBf]u tyf Jofj;flos k|sl[ tsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] xsdf pQm ;+:yfn] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jf jf
pTkfbgsf] k|sl[ t, ;b:otf / ef}uf]lns cj:yf x]/L /lhi6«f/sf] :jLs[ltdf Ps lhNnf;Dd sfo{If]q
/fvL ;+:yf btf{ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
t/ 7"nf] sfo{If]q rflxg] :jf:Yo ;]jf, ;+rf/, oftfoft, ljB't pTkfbg / ljt/0f, s[lif pTkfbg,
e08f/0f, k|zf]wg / ahfl/s/0f Pj+ cGo pBf]ux? :yfkgf ug]{ ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] xsdf k]z
ul/Psf] sfo{ of]hgf, ;DefJotf / k'/fgf] ;+:yfsf] xsdf k|ult ;d]tsf] cfwf/df Ps lhNnf eGbf
a9L sfo{If]qsf] nflu /lhi6«f/n] :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] Jofks sfo{If]q ePsf ;+:yfx?n]
art tyf C0fsf] sf/f]jf/ ug{ kfpg] u/L p2]Zo lgwf{/0f ug{ kfpg] 5}gg\ .
16
cg';"rL – *=!
==============================hnlaB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf
sfo{of]hgf
s_ p2]Zo M–
-!_ ======================= hnljB'tsf] pTkfbg, k|f;f/0f, ljt/0f, ;+rfng / Joj:yfkg ul/ ;d'bfosf]
:jR5 phf{df kx'r
F k'¥ofO{ lhjg:t/ dfly psf:g]
-@_ ===========================hnljB't ;xsf/Lsf] dfWodaf6 u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu cj:os /fli6«o
jh]6, cg'bfg tyf cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ug]{
-#_ u|fld0f ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu ;/sf/L lgsfo tyf lghL ;+:yfx?af6 ljQLo tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u
k|fKt ug]{
-$_ ;+:yfsf] nIo xfl;n ug{] ljB't;Fu ;DalGwt lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng u/L ;+:yf / ;b:ox¿sf]
;jf{]k/L lxtsf] k|j4{g ug{] .
-%_ ;+:yfsf u|fxs ;b:ox¿nfO{ ljB'tsf] u|fx:y pkef]usf ;fy} cfod'ns Pj+ pBdzLn
lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfngsf nflu lgoldt ljB't ;]jf pknAw u/fpg cfjZos Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-^_ ;+:yfsf ;b:o Pj+ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ ;xsf/L lzIff tyf ljB't k|0ffnL Pj+ pks/0f dd{t ;DaGwL
cfjZos tflndsf sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-&_ clwstd ljB't vkt x'g] a]n'sfsf] ;do afx]s cGo ;dodf ljB't vkt a9fpg] vfnsf]
cfod'ns lqmofsnfkx¿ k|a4{g u/L sfo{ If]qleq ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf; / jftfj/0f
;+/If0f tyf ;+j4{g ug{] .
-*_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{qmdx¿ cl3 a9fpg / ;+:yfsf] lbuf]kgsf] nflu z]o/ /sd h'6fpg] tyf plrt
Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-(_ ;b:ox¿df :jfjnDagsf] 1fg, kf/:kl/s ;xof]u / ldtJolotfsf] efjgf l;h{gf ug{] .
-!)_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;Dej ePsf] n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't\ lgdf{0f u/L ljB't pTkfbg ug]{ .
-!!_ ;x'lnot k|fKt C0f, cg'bfg / cGo ;xof]ux? N3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] k'lF hut
sf]ifdf /xg]5 / o:tf] sf]ifsf] /sdaf6 l;lh{t ;DklQ sf]if ljlqm, ljt/0f jf z]o/ xf]N8/x?df
efuj08f÷ljt/0f s'g} klg xfntdf ul/g] 5}g / ;+:yf lj36g x'bF fsf] cj:yfdf eg] o:tf] eg]
o:tf] ;+klQ÷sf]if sfg'g afdf]lhd xsjfnfdf x:tfGt/0f jf g]kfn ;/sf/df x:tfGt/0f x'g5
] .
-!@_ ;xsf/L l;4fGtsf] kfngf Pj+ ;xsf/L Joj:yfkg k|0ffnLsf] cg';/0f ug{] .
v_ sfo{x? M–
-!_ ljB't pTkfbg M
-s_ sfo{If]qleqsf pkef]Qmf ;b:ox¿sf] ljB't cfjZostfsf] klxrfg ug{] .
-v_ cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB't u[x lgdf{0f ug{] .
-u_ ljB't pTkfbg k|0ffnLsf] plrt dd{t ;Def/ ug{] .
-3_ cfjZostf cg';f/ cGo lgsfo;Fu ;xof]u / ;Nnfx lng] lbg] .
-ª_ cfjZostf k/]sf] v08df cGo lgsfo;Fu ljB't vl/b tyf laqmL ug{] .
17
-@_ ljB'tLs/0f÷ ljt/0f M
-s_ sfo{If]qleq cfjZostf cg';f/ ljB'tLs/0f ug{] .
-v_ ljB't dxz'n lgwf{/0f ug{] .
-u_ ljB'tLs/0f / ljt/0f k|0ffnLnfO{ Aojl:yt / k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
-3_ ;b:ox¿ / pkef]Qmfx¿nfO{ plrt d"Nodf ljB't laqmL ljt/0f ug{] .
-#_ cGo sfo{ M
-s_ ;xsfl/tfaf/] ;b:ox¿nfO{ r]tgf hufpg] .
-v_ ljB'tsf] pkof]u, ;'/Iff, zlQm ;~ro, Go"gtd dd{t ;Def/;DaGwL tflnd sfo{qmd
;~rfng / Joj:yfkg ug{] .
-u_ n}l+ Ës ljsf;tkm{ nlIft cgf}krfl/s k|f9} lzIff tyf r]tgfd'ns -;/;kmfO ÷ j[Iff/f]k0f ÷
vfg]kfgL ÷ :jf:Yo_ sfo{qmdx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-3_ ;+:yfsf] sfo{If]qleq ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo k'lt{ tyf ;b:ox¿sf] xs lxtsf nflu k|rlnt
sfg"gx¿sf] cwLgdf /xL sf]if clea[l4 ug{] Pj+ C0f tyf lwtf] aGws lng]lbg] h:tf
lqmofsnfkx¿ ;~rfng ug{] .
-ª_ ;b:ox¿sf] cfly{s ;fdflhs clea[l4sf] nflu jrt tyf C0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] .
u_ pko'Qm sfo{ x?sf] nflu cfjZos k"“hL
!= l:y/ k"+hL M–
1= l;len sfo{sf] nfuL
M ? =======================
S. No.
Description
1
Headworks
(intake, weir and protection works)
2
Headrace canal
3
Gravel Trap cum Desilting Basin
4
Forebay cum Desilting Basin / spillway
5
Support piers, Anchor blocks
6
Powerhouse, Operator Quarter, Office
building etc.
7
Machine foundation
8
Tailrace Canal
9
Others
10
………..
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
18
O{nl] S6«sn sfo{sf] nfuL M ?= ===================
2=
S. No.
Description
1
Synchronous generator, 3 phase, 50 HZ
2
ELC Set with Alarm System
3
Ballast Tank, for ELC extension
4
Main switch, MCCBs etc
5
4 core cupper armored cable
6
Aluminum unarmored cable
7
Energy Meter Type 3 Ph
8
Powerhouse wiring
9
Transformer step up/ Step Down
10
Conductor
11
Pin Insulator
12
Disc Insulator
13
Shackle insulator
14
Stay Sets
15
lightening arrestors
16
6 mm2, concentric al. Service wire
17
Earthing sets, 600x600x3 mm with 8
SWG wire sets in distribution
18
Steel tubular H-pole Set
19
Steel Tubular Poles with channels,
bracing and connecting accessories
(Single Pole set)
20
Steel Tubular pole (Distribution)
21
Others
3=
d]sflgsn sfo{sf] nfuL
S. No.
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
M ?=====================
Description
1
Butterfly Valve & Accessories
2
Turbine, with pulleys
3
Turbine and generator base frame
4
Drive system
19
4=
5=
6
Penstock pipe
7
Expansion Joints
8
Bends
9
C-Clamp Set
10
Pressure gauge
11
Others
12
………
;fdfg 9'jflg tyf cf];f/ k;f/sf] nfuL
h8fg tyf 6]l:6ª vr{
M ? ====================
M ? =====================
s"n l:y/ k"h
F L ?= =========================
@= rfn' k"“hL M–
1= hu]8f ;fdfgsf] nfuL vr{ M ?= ============================
S. No.
Tools and Spare parts
1
Electromechanical tools, Slide wrench,
screw driver, line tester, grease gun ,
different files, chisel hammer, wire
steeper etc.
Spare parts: Turbine Bearing, Belts,
HRC Fuse, Insulators, Thyristors etc.
Others
2
3
2=
eO{kl/ cfpg] vr{
Local Cost
Non Local Cost
Total
M ?============================
s"n rfn' k"h
F L ?=============================
hDd k'lh M ? ===============================
#= k"“hL >f]t /sd M–
1= k|lt lsTtf z]o/ /sd
z]o/ ljqmLjf6 k|fKt /sd
2= cg'bfg /sd
3= lhNnf ljsfz ;ldltsf] ;xof]u
4= ufpF ljsfz ;ldtLsf] ;xof]u
5= a}s
+ C0f
6= hg>dbfg tyf :yflgo ;fdfg
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
? =============================
?= ============================
? =============================
? ============================
? ============================
?= ===========================
?==============================
20
cGo
8= ==========================
$= ;+:yfsf] cfo M
9= ljB't ljlqm - kl/k|of]ujf6, k|lto'lg6 ? ===========sf] b/n]_
10= ljB't ljlqm - pHofnf]sf] nfuL, k|lto'lg6 ? =========== sf] b/n]_
11= u|fxs ;]jf jf6 k|Kt /sd
12= cGo ljljw cfo
13= =====================
7=
%= vr{x?
14= tnj -ck/]6/ ======= hgf k|ltdlxgf ? ==============_
15= tnj -d]gh
] / ======== hgf k|ltdlxgf ? ===============_
16= dd{t ;+xf/ -# k|ltzt_
17= d;nGb -======= k|ltdlxgf_
18= k|zf;lgs vr{ -======== k|ltdlxgf _
19= jflif{s ;fjf sl6\6 - ======jif{ ;Dd _
20= C0fsf] Jofh - ====== k|ltzt k|ltjif{ _
21= ;Dkltdf X|f; sl§
22= n]vfkl/If0f vr{
23= cGo ljljw vr{
24= ====================
25= ===================
M ?===========================
M ?============================
M? ========================
M? =========================
M? =========================
M? ======================
M?=======================
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
M
?= =======================
?= =====================
?= ======================
?= =====================
?= =====================
? =====================
?=====================
?========================
?=======================
?========================
?=========================
?=========================
^= v'b cfo -art_ M
26=
cfo -$_
27= Joo
-%_
28= v'b art -$ – %_
M ?= ==================
M ?====================
M ?= ================ =
&= k|ltzt
29= s"n nufgLdf cfo k|ltzt =============
30= s"n z]o/ k"+hLdf cfo k|ltzt =========
21
cg';'rL – *=@
klxnf]] k|f/lDes e]nfsf] lg0f{osf] gd'gf
cfh ldlt ============================= ut]sf lbg xfdL lgwf{l/t sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; ug{] tkl;nsf
JolQmx?sf] pkl:yltdf tyf >L ===================== sf] cWoIftfdf Pp6f ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= vf]nL
;b:ox?sf] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs :t/ p7fpg] clek|fon] of] klxnf] k|f/lDes e]nf a;L ljljw
ljifox?dfly uxg 5nkmn u/L ;d;fdlos / ;fGble{s lg0f{o ul/of] .
l;= g+=
gfd, y/
7]ufgf
b:tvt
!
@
#
$
====
pkl:yt ;a} JolQmx?sf] gfd, 7]ufgf /fvL b:tvt ug]{ .
k|:tfjx? M
!= ;+:yf vf]Ng] ;DaGwdf .
@= ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf ;DaGWfdf .
#= ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo / sfo{ ;DaGwdf .
$= sfo{If]q lgwf{/0f ;DjGWfdf .
%= z]o/ / k|jz
] z'Ns lgwf{/0f ;DAfGwdf .
^= tby{ ;~rfns ;ldlt u7g ;DaGwdf .
&= ;+:yfsf] ljlgod, sfo{of]hgf, cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgod nufot jrt tyf C0f gLlt jgfpg]
;DjGwdf . -jrt tyf C0f gLlt jrt tyf C0f ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] xsdf / ;fgf] sfo{ If]q x'g]
Joj;flos ;+:yfsf] xsdf dfq_
*= z]o/ / k|j]z z'Ns jfkt p7]sf] /sd lhDdf ;DaGwdf .
(= :j–3f]if0f k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf .
!)= ljljw
lg0f{ox? M
lg0f{o g+= !
k|:tfj g+= ! dfly 5nkmn ubf{ xfdL lglZrt sfo{ If]qleq a;f]af; ug{] dflg;x?sf] cfly{s
;fdflhs :t/ p7fpg ljleGg cfod"ns sfo{qmd, ;+rfng u/L ;b:ox?sf] cfjZostf k"/f ug{] clek|fon]
;xsf/L P]g, lgod adf]lhd Pp6f =========================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 vf]Ng] lg0f{o ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= @
k|:tfj g+=@ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] gfd ====== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 /fVg]
lg0f{o ub{} k|:tfljt o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] 7]ufgf ============ /fvL sfof{no :yfkgf ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .
22
lg0f{o g+= #
;+:yfsf] Joj;fonfO Wofgdf /fvL ;+:yfsf] p2]Zo / sfo{x? ljlgoddf pNn]v ug]{ / ;f]xL
adf]lhd th'{df ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .
lg0f{o g++= $
k|:tfj g+=$ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt o; ========== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] sfo{If]q ============
lhNnfsf] =========== uf=lj=;=÷g=kf= /fVg] lg0f{o ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= %
k|:tfj g+=% dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt ========= ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 z]o/ z'Ns k|lt z]o/ ?=
====== / k|jz
] z'Ns ?= ======= /fVg] lg0f{o ;j{;Ddltaf6 ul/of] . ;+:yfsf] z]o/ k"lhF ?= ==== /fVg] lg0f{o
ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= ^
k|:tfj g+= ^ ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ubf{ cfhsf] e]nfaf6 k|:tfljt ====== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf]
tby{ ;+rfns ;ldlt b]xfo adf]lhdsf] u7g ug]{ lg0f{o ;j{;Ddt kfl/t ul/of] .
l;=g+=
Kb
gfd, y/
!
CWoIf
=
@
PkfWoIf
=
#
;lrj
$
sf]iffWoIf
%
;b:o
^
;b:o
&
;b:o
*
(
====
lg0f{o g+= &
k|:tfj g+=& dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfnfO{ ljlwjt btf{ u/L ;'–;+rfng
ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg{] ;+:yfsf] ljlgod agfpgsf] nflu tkl;n adf]lhdsf JolQmx? /xg] u/L Ps
ljlgod d:of}bf pk;ldlt u7g ug]{ / pQm pk;ldltn] ldlt @)====.======.======= df x'g] bf]>f] e]nfdf
ljlgodsf] d:of}bf k]z ug]{ lg0f{o kfl/t ul/of] .
;+of]hs M
;b:o M
;b:o M
lg0f{o g+= *
23
k|:tfj g+= * ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ubf{ ;+:yf btf{ ug{] k|of]hgsf] nfuL p7fOPsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?af6
k|fKt ePsf] z]o/ z'Ns jfktsf] /sd ?= ===== / k|jz
] z'Ns jfktsf] /sd ?= ===== u/L hDdf p7]sf] /sd
?= ====== -cIf]?kL ======= _ ;+:yf btf{ eP kZrft ;+:yfsf] gfddf a}s
+ vftf vf]nL hDdf ug]{ u/L xfnsf]
nflu ;+:yfsf tby{ ;ldltsf ================================ >L ==================== lhDdf lbg] lg0f{o ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= (
k|:tfj g+= ( dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] :j–3f]if0ff tof/ u/L ldlt
========== df x'g] bf]>f] e]nfdf k]z ug]{] lg0f{o ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+=!)
k|:tfj g+= !) dfly 5nkmn ubf{ ;+:yfsf] bf]>f] e]nf ldlt ========== df ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] . ;fy}
cfhsf] o; k|f/lDes e]nfn] ;xsf/L ;+:yf vf]Ng] ;DaGWfdf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o u/]sf] x'Fbf pkl:yt
;xefuLnfO{ e]nfsf] ;efkltTj u|x0fstf{af6 wGojfb 1fkg ub{} ;+:yf btf{ ug{ ;j}n] cf–cfˆgf] If]qaf6
dg, arg / sd{n] ;xof]u ug{] ;fd'lxs k|ltj4tfsf ;fy klxnf] k|f/lDes e]nf ;dfkg ug{] lg0f{o ul/of] .
24
cg';'rL – *=#
bf];|f] e]nfsf] lg0f{osf] gd'gf
ldlt @)===.====.==== ut]sf lbg xfdL lgwf{l/t sfo{ If]q leq a;f]af; ug{] tkl;nsf JolQmx?sf]
pkl:yltdf tyf k|:tfljt ======== ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf >L ===========sf]
cWoIftfdf bf];f| ] e]nf a;L ljljw ljifox?dfly uxg 5nkmn u/L ;d;fdlos / ;fGble{s lg0f{o ul/of] .
l;=g+=
gfd, y/
7]ufgf
b:tvt
!
@
#
$
%
^
=====
pkl:yt ;a} JolQmx?sf] gfd, 7]ufgf /fvL b:tvt ug]{ .
k|:tfax? M
! d:of}bf ljlgod pk/ 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o lng] ;DaGwdf
@ sfo{of]hgfsf] ljifodf 5nkmn ug]{ / lg0f{o lng] ;DaGwdf
# ;+:yf btf{ ug{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ ;DaGwdf
$ ;+:yf btf{ kZrft z]o/ / ;b:o k|j]z z'Ns jfkt p7]sf] /sd s'g a}+sdf vftf vf]nL hDdf ug]{ /
vftf ;+rfng s; s;jf6 x'g] ;DaGwdf
% :j3f]if0f kq, jrt tyf C0f kl/rfng lgb]l{ zsf, cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL kfl/t ug]{
;DaGwdf .
lg0f{ox? M
lg0f{o g+= !
k|:tfj g+=! dfly 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt o; ====== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] ljlgod agfpgsf]
nflu ldlt @)====== ut] >L =========== sf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t ljlgod d:of}bf ;ldltn] k]z u/]sf]
ljlgodsf] d:of}bf dfly k|yd k|f/lDes e]nfdf k|:tfljt 5nkmnsf ljifox? dfly Jofks 5nkmn u/L
;j{;DdtLn] kf/Lt ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] ;fy} pQm ljlgodsf] k|To]s kfgfdf x:tfIf/ ug{sf] nflu tby{
;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ clwsf/ lbg] lg0f{o kfl/t ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= @
k|:tfj g+=@ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltn] k]z u/]sf] sfo{of]hgf ;DaGwdf 5nkmn
u/L ;j{;DdtLn] kfl/t ul/of] .
25
lg0f{o g+= #
o; ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ubf{ k|:tfljt o; ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= btf{ ug{] l;nl;nfdf ;j} ;+rfnsx?
;DalGWft lgsfodf pkl:yt eP/ sfo{ ug{ ljleGg Jojxfl/s sl7gfOn] ubf{ c;+ej x'g] ePsf]n] ;+:yf
btf{ ug{ Pj+ ljlgod nufotsf cGo sfuhftdf cfjZos ;fdfGo yk36 u/L k|dfl0ft ug{sf] nflu tby{
;+rfns ;ldltsf ====== >L ===============nfO{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug{] lg0f{o kfl/t ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+=$
k|:tfj g+= $ dfly 5nkmn ubf{ o; ;+:yfsf ;b:oxaf6 p7]sf] /sd ;+:yf btf{ eP kZrft
;+:yfn] tf]ss
] f] a}s
+ df tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf, ;lrj / sf]iffWoIfsf]] ;+oQ
' m b:tvtaf6 ;+rfng
x'g] u/L ;+:yfsf] gfddf vftf vf]Ng] lg0f{o ;j{;Ddltn] kfl/t ul/of] .
lg0f{o g+= %
o; ;DaGwdf 5nkmn ubf{ tby{ ;ldltn] k]z u/]sf] ;DefJotf cWoog / :j–3f]if0ff kqsf]
d:of}bf pk/ 5nkmn u/L ;j{ ;Ddltn] kfl/t ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] ;fy} pQm k|ltj]bgsf] k|To]s kfgfdf
x:tfIf/ ug{ tby{ ;ldltnfO{ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] . ;fy} ;+:yfsf] jrt tyf C0f gLlt,
cfly{s tyf k|zf;lgs lgodfjnL pk/ Jofk 5nkmn u/L kfl/t ug]{ lg0f{o ul/of] .
26
cg';'rL – *=$
;:yf jf ;+3 btf{ lgj]bgsf] 9f“rf
>L /lhi6«f/Ho",
================================
ldlt M @)=======.=====.====
ljifo M ;xsf/L ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] btf{ .
dxf]bo,
xfdL b]xfosf JolQmx?÷;+:yfx?, ;+3x? b]xfosf s'/fx? vf]nL b]xfosf] ;+:yf÷;+3sf] p2]Zo
cg'?k ;+:yf÷;+3n] tTsfn ug]{ sfo{ ;DjGwL of]hgf / k|:tfljt ;+:yf÷;+3sf] ljlgod @ k|lt o;} ;fy
k]z u/]sf 5f}F .
!= ;+:yf÷;+3 ;DjGwL ljj/0f M–
-s_ k|:tfljt ;+:yf÷;+3sf] gfd M–
-v_ 7]ufgf M–
-u_+ p2]Zo M–
-3_ d'Vo sfo{ M–
-ª_ sfo{If]q M–
-r_ bfloTj M–
-5_ ;b:o ;+Vof M–
!= dlxnf ======== hgf
@= k'?if ========= hgf
-5_ s"n z]o/ k"+FhL M
-h_ ljqmL ug]{ z]o/ ;+Vof / To;sf] ?k}+of M–
cfj]bs
===========================
tby{ cWoIf ÷ ;+of]hs
===========;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf ln=
ldlt M–
b|i6Jo M ;+:yf ;+3n] cfˆgf] 7]ufgf x]/k]m/ ug'{ k/]df x]/k]m/ u/]sf] ldltn] ;ft lbg leq To;sf] ;"rgf
/lhi6«f/ ;dIf k7fpg' kg]{5 .
27
cg';"rL – *=%
clwsf/ k|Tof]hgsf] 9f“rf
>Ldfg ;xsf/L clws[tHo"
l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, ======== .
ldlt M @)=======.=====.====
ljifo M– clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg .
dxf]bo,
o; k|:tfljt ========= ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] ldlt @)====.=====. ut] a;]sf] bf]>f] e]nfn] u/]sf]
lg0f{o cg';f/ pQm ;+:yf btf{ ug]{ qmddf k|rlnt P]g lgod adf]lhd k|s[of k"/f ug{sf] lgldQ cfjZos
kg]{ sfd sf/jfxL ug{sf] nflu tyf ljlgodf ;fdfGo yk36 u/L k|df0fls/0f ug]{ nufotsf ;+k0" f{ clwsf/
lgDg b:tvt gd"gf ePsf] tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf ======= >L ============= nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ul/Psf] Joxf]/f
cg'/f]w 5 . lghn] xfd|f] k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L xfdL :jLsf/ ug{ d~h'/ ub{5f} .
clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg ul/Psf JolQmsf]
gfd M
7]ufgfM
!= >L =====================, =====================================,
!= >L =====================, ======================= ==============,
qm=;++
kbM
==========
===========
z]o/ ;b:ox?sf] gfd, y/
7]ufgf
b:tvt gd"gf
b:tvt
!
@
#
$
gf]6M -!_ clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg kqdf cfj]bs ;a}sf] ljj/0f ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]5
{ .
-@_ ;+3sf] xsdf klg o:t} k|sf/sf] clwsf/ k|Tofof]hgsf] kq lbg'÷lng' kg]{5 .
28
cg';"rL – *=^
:j3f]if0ff kq
o; k|:tfljt =========== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8 btf{ ug{ lgj]bg ug]{ xfdL tkl;n adf]lhdsf
cfj]bsx? lgwf{l/t dfkb08 adf]lhd b]xfosf] k|lta4tf JoQm ub{5f} . ljj/0f ;fFrf] xf], em'7f 7x/] xfd|f]
o; k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] btf{ vf/]h u/L yk sf/jfxL u/]df ;d]t xfd|f] d~h'/L /x]sf] Joxf]/f :jLsf/ ub{5f} .
æxfdL o; k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf b]xfosf cfj]bsx? oxL k|sl[ tsf] cGo ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ;b:o 5}gf} .
a}=s tyf ljlQo ;+:yf / cGo s'g} ;x/sfL ;+:yf÷;+3÷/fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ sf] / /fHosf] sfg"g adf]lhd
sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf JolQm x}gf} . o; cl3 ;xsf/L ;+:yf vf]nL ;b:ox?sf] /sd lxgfldgf u/L sf/jfO{df
k/]sf jf km/f/ /x]sf JolQm x}gf} . sfnf] wgnfO ;'l4s/0f u/]sf JolQm tyf ;DklQ ;'l4s/0f ;DaGwL
s;'/df ;hfo kfPsf JolQmx? x}gf}+ . xfdL ;xsf/Lsf cGt/fli6«o l;4fGt, d"No / dfGotf tyf ;xsf/L
P]g lgod / lgb]{zg tyf ;+:yfsf] :jLs[t ljlgod adf]lhd ;fd"lxs ;fdflhs, cfly{s / ;f+:s[lts
ljsf;sf] nflu o; ;+:yfsf] ;+rfng ug{ d~h'/ ub{5f} .
qm=;++
z]o/ ;b:ox?sf]
gfd, y/
Gfful/stf g+= / lnPsf]
lhNnf
xfnsf] 7]ufgf / ;Dks{
kmf]g
b:tvt
!
@
#
gf]6M :j–3f]if0ffkqdf cfj]bs ;a}sf] ljj/0f ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]5
{ .
29
cg';"rL – *=&
;+efJotf cWoog k|ltj]bgsf] 9f“rf
k|:tfljt ======== ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf]
;+efJotf cWoog k|ltj]bg, @)======
•
cfjZostfsf] klxrfg M
•
k'FhLsf] >f]t M
•
Jofj;foLs ;+efJotf M
•
k|:tfljt ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ hgzlQm b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M
•
;]jf kfpg] ;b:ox?sf] clwstd ;+Vof M
•
sfo{If]q leq /x]sf ;dfg k|sl[ tsf ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof M
•
sfo{If]q leq a;f]af; ug]{ hg;+Vof M
•
sfo{If]q leqsf] ahf/sf] :j?k M
•
nlIft ;d"x M
•
;+:yfsf] eflj sfo{qmd M
•
;+:yfsf] ljsf; / :yfloTjsf cfwf/x? M
•
klxn] :yfkgf eO{ ;s]sf ;dfg k|sl[ tsf ;+:yfx?df ;+nUg x'g g;Sg] sf/0f M
30
cg';"rL – *=*
ekf{O{
ekf{O bfb} k|:tfljt\ ======= ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] tby{ ;+rfns ;ldltsf ======================= >L
======================== =========================cfu] pQm ======= ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=sf] z]o/
;b:ox?sf]============k|f/lDes e]nfsf] ldlt===================sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd k|lt z]o/ ?===========. sf
b/n]=============== hgfaf6 hDdf ==================== lsQfsf] x'g cfpg] hDdf /sd ?=
==================================================== -cIf]?kL =================================================== dfq_ / k|jz
]
z'Ns JolQm ?= =========.– sf b/n] x'g cfpg] ?= ================.– -cIf]?kL ======== ===============================dfq_
u/L hDdf ?= ================.– -cIf]?kL ============================================= dfq_ ;xsf/L ;+:yf btf{ ePkl5
;+:yfsf] gfddf a}+s vftf vf]nL hDdf ug]{ k|ltj4tf ;lxt pQm /sd d}n] a'lemlnO{ of] ekf{Odf ;xL5fk
u/L l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, ========= df k]z u/]sf] 5' . k|fKt /sd xfn d]/f] ==========================df
/x]sf] ============lx;fa g+========================df hDdf u/L a}s
+ ef}r/ l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{nodf k]z u/]sf]
5' . pQm /sd ;+:yf btf{ eO{ lgodfg';f/ ;+:yfsf] cfkm\g} vftf gvf]n];Dd rng gu/L ;'/lIft /fVg]5' .
;+:yfsf] a}s
+ vftf vf]nk] l5 tTsfn} bflvnf ug]5
{ ' . km/s k/]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/jfO{ ePdf
d]/f] d~h'/L 5 .
O{lt ;Dat\ @)====== ;fn ======== dlxgf ==== ut] /f]h ====z"ed\ ==============================.
31
cg';"rL – *=(
========= ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] xsdf cfj]bg ug]{ JolQmx?sf] ljj/0f / b:tvt
qm= ;+=
jfh]sf]
gfd y/
jfj' jf
kltsf]
gfd y/
z]o/sf] ljj/0f
cfj]bssf]
gfd y/
pd]/
7]ufgf
k]zf
k|lt z]o/
/sd
vl/b
z]o/
;+Vof
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
32
z]o/sf]
/sd
;Dks{
gDj/
/]vfTds
b:tvt
kmf]6f] /
kmf]6f]df
kg]{
ul/
b:tvt
cg';"rL – *=!)
============= ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] tby{ ;++rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f kmf/fd
l;= g+=
jfh]sf]
gfd
afj' jf
kltsf]
gfd
;+rfnssf]
gfd
kb
7]ufgf
k]zf
lgjf{lrt
ldlt
jxfn /xg]
cjlw
/]vfTds
b:tvt
kmf]6f] /
kmf]6f]df
kg]{ u/L
b:tvt
;Dks{=g+D
j/
s}lkmot
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
cg';"rL – *=!!
33
;+3sf] xsdf cfj]bg ug]{ ;+:yf jf ;+3sf] ljj/0f / b:tvt
l;=g+=
;+:yf÷;+3sf]
gfd
7]ufgf
z]o/ k"FhL
-cfj]bs
;+:yfsf]_
!
@
#
$
;b:o
;+Vof
-cfj]bs
;+:yfsf]_
btf{ ldlt
-cfj]bs
;+:yfsf]_
%
^
cfj]bsn] vl/b u/]sf] z]o/sf] ljj/0f
k|ltlglwTj
k|lt
vl/b
z]o/sf]
ug]{ JolQmsf]
z]o/
z]o/
/sd
gfd
/sd
&
*
(
!)
b:tvt
k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ JolQmsf]
;Dks{ gDj/
;+:yf jf
k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ JolQmsf]
s}lkmot
!!
!@
!#
!
@
#
$
%
^
^
&
*
(
!)
cg';"rL – *=!@
34
============= ;xsf/L ;+3sf] tby{ ;++rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] ljj/0f kmf/fd
l;= g+=
jfh]sf]
gfd
afj' jf
kltsf]
gfd
k|ltlglwTj
;+rfns
ug]{ ;+:yfsf]
sf] gfd
gfd
kb
7]ufgf
k]zf
lgjf{lrt
ldlt
jxfn
/xg]
cjlw
/]vfTds
b:tvt
kmf]6f] /
kmf]6f]df
kg]{ u/L
b:tvt
;Dks{
g+Dj/
s}lkmot
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
cg';"rL – *=!#
35
;b:o btf{ lstfj
-;xsf/L lgodfjnL, @)$( sf] lgod @! sf] pklgod -!_ sf] v08 -s_ ;+u ;DjlGwt_
l;=g+=
jfh]sf]
gfd
afj'sf]
gfd
klt jf
kTgLsf]
gfd
;b:osf]
gfd, y/
pd]/
7]ufgf
k]zf
vl/b
u/]sf]
z]o/
;+Vof
;b:o
ePsf]
ldlt
dgf]lgt
xsjfnf
sf] gfd
36
pd]/
7]ufgf
b:tvt
jf ;Xl
s}lkmot
n3' . ;fgf laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= ;DjlGw kmf/fdx?
cg';"rL – (
cg';"rL – (=!
========================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M =========================================
ljB't dxz'n c;'nL /l;b
/l;b g+================
ldltM===================
>L ===============================================================================================================
7]ufgf ============================================================================================================
Ifdtf jf6 ====================================================================== u|fxs g+= ==================
@)=============== ;fn ===============dlxgfdf pknAw u/fPsf] ;]jf jfktsf] /sd e'QmgL lgDg cg';f/ ;–
wGojfb k|fKt eof] .
b/
/sd
qm=;+=
ljj/0f
PsfO{
s}lkmot
?=
k}=
?=
k}=
!
dfl;s z'Ns
@ o'lg6 z'Ns
#
klxnfsf] afFls
$ hl/jfgf
% ljljw z'Ns
hDdf
cIf/]lkM
gf]6M dxz'n a'emfO;s] kl5 clgjfo{ ?kdf u|fxs sf8{ e/fpg'xf]nf .
===========================
a'lemlng]sf] ;lx
1
cg';"rL – (=@
====================laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M ========================================
gub /l;b
/l;b g+================
ldltM===================
>L ===================================================================================================================== ,
7]ufgf =============================================================================================================af6
dlxgf ============== ;fn================== @)==============sf] ======================= ================= jfkt gub ?
===============cIf]/l] k =======================================================================================
====================================================gub÷r]saf6 e'QmfgL ;–wGojfb k|fKt eof] .
¿=
===========================
a'lemlng]sf] ;lx
gfdM ===============================
===========================
a'emfpg]sf] ;lx
gfdM ===============================
2
cg';"rL – (=#
==================== =====laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M =========================================
uf]Zj/f ef}r/sf] gd"gf
ldltM==================
uf]= ef}= g+============
;+s]t g+=
ljj/0f
vftf kfgf g+=
/l;b g+M===============================
/sdM=============================================
tof/ ug]M{ ==========================================
gfdM=======================================================
kbM =========================================================
b:tvtM =======================================
ldltM ===========================================
8]lj6 /sd
qm]l86 /sd
r]s g+M=================================================
r]ssf] /sdM==========================================
k|dfl0ft ug]{M ===============================================
gfdM========================================================
kbM =======================================================
b:tvtM ===============================================
ldltM ================================================
======================================== sfd u/] jfkt kfpg' kg]{ /sd ?========= - cIf/]kL ? ========
=========================================== ========================+_ a'lemlnO{ of] ekf{O{ ul/lbPF .
/sd a'emfpg]sf] b:tvt M ===================================
3
cg';"rL – (=$
=================== ========== laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M =========================================
a}Í gubL lstfa
tx lan df}Hbft
ldlt
;+s]t g+=
ljj/0f
8]lj6
qm]l86
8]=
a}Í df}Hbft
r]s
qm]=
g+=
afFls
/sd
g+=
4
ah]6 vr{
k]ZsL
kmls{Psf]
lbPsf]
ljljw
lx=
g+=
8]=
qm]=
s}lkmot
cg';"rL – (=%
==================== ========== laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M =========================================
v/Lb cfb]z
;+:yfsf] gfd M ==========================================================================================
;fdfg pknAw u/fpg] JolQm÷;+:yfsf] gfd M ==================================================
7]ufgf M ===================================================================================================
b]z M =========================================
6]lnkmf]g g+=M ================================
qm=;+=
ljj/0f
kl/df0f
PsfO{
b/
hDdf ?=
s] sf nflu k|of]u ug]{ M=============================
;fdfg cfO{kU' g' kg]{ ;doM========================
e'QmfgLsf] k|lqmofM===================================
cGoM=======================================================
vftf g+=M=================================================
cfb]z ug]s
{ f] b:tvtM ==============================
gfdM ===========================================
;fdfgsf] :t/ l7s÷a]l7sM=========================
kl/df0fM ===========================================
s}lkmot
k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] b:tvtM
gfdM ==============================
;fdfgsf] cj:yfM
5
cg';"rL – (=^
==================== ===== laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
7]ufgf M =========================================
;fdfg k|fKt kmf/d
;fdfgsf] k|sf/ M =======================================================================================
gfd M ======================================================================================================
cf}lrToM =================================================================================================
PsfO{ g+=M =========================================
k|fKt
vl/b
ldlt
ljj/0f
b/
lgsf; kl/df0f
kl/df0f
cfb]z
df}Hbft
k|dfl0ft ug]{
gfd M============================
kbM===============
ldltM==========================
6
cg';"rL – (=&
============================== =============== laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
==========================================
laB't ;]jfsf] lan
u|fxfssf] gfd M–
u|fxs g+ M–
z]o/ g + M–
7]ufgf M–
xfnsf]
o'lg6
ut o'lg6
;]jf lan g+ M–
:jLs[t Ifdtf M–
dlxgf M–
GogQd
vkt o'lg6
z'Ns
vkt o'lg6
hl/jfgf
z'Ns
==========
z'Ns
hDdf ljn
/sd
===================== dlxgfsf] k'/fgf] afFsL dxz'n
u|fxfssf] ldgfxf ÷5'6 /sd
hDdf ?
=======================
ld6/ l/8/sf] x:tfIf/
ldlt M ================
7
cg';"rL – (=*
================= ============= laB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
==============================================
z]o/ v/Lb b/vf:t kmf/d
kf;kf]6{
;fO{hsf] kmf]6f]
>L cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
================ ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
=============================================
dxf]bo,
To; ;+:yfsf] ljlgod cg'zf/sf] z]o/ v/Lbsf] nflu lgDgfg';f/sf] /sd o;} lgj]bg;fy k]z u/]sf] 5' .
z]o/ v/Lb ;DaGwdf ;+:yfn] u/]sf] lg0f{o adf]lhd tyf jt{dfg tyf kl5 aGg] lalgodx?sf] ;d]t kngf
ug]{ u/L ;+:yfsf] ;b:o x'gsf nflu d~h'/ ePsf]n] ;b:otf k|bfg u/L lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' .
z]o/ ;+Vof M–
k|lt z]o/ ? ÷ – !)) n] hDdf ? M–
c+sdf M
cIf/df ? M–
k|j]z z'Ns ? M
kl/rokq tyf km/fd z"Ns ? M
ldlt M–
s'n hDdf bflvnf /sd M ?=
s'n bflvnf cIf/df ? M
lgj]bssf] gfd
:yfoL 7]ufgf M
g]kfnLdf
>L÷>LdtL÷;'>L÷gfjfns
In
English
Mrs./Mr./Miss./Minor
Ans g+ M–
Jf8f g+ M
gu/kglnsf÷ uf lj ;
6f]n
kf] a g
lhNNff M–
kmf]g M–
kqfrf/sf] 7]ufgf M–
afa'sf] gfd
afh]÷kltsf] gfd
OR5fPsf] AolQmsf] gfd
;+/Ifssf] gfd M -gfafnssf] xsdf _
lgj]bssf]
NofKr]
bfFof
afFof
8
;+:yfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq M
k|bfg ul/Psf] z]o/ lsQf g+ ======================== b]lv ======================= ;Dd hDdf lsQf================
z]o/ /sd ? ============================== k|jz
] zNs ? ========================== ;d]t hDdf /sd ? ===========
z]o/ /sd ?+=+ ============================== k|jz
] z'Ns ? ========================== ;d]t hDdf /sd ? ============
k|df0f kq g + ============================= k|dfl0ft ldlt ========================== ;+rffns ;ldltsf] ldlt M
================================ ============================
?h' ug]{sf] b:tvt
k|dfl0ft ug]{sf] b:tvt
gf]6 M ;b:o x'g rfxg]n] kfngf ug'{kg]{ cGo zt{ tyf ljj/0fx?
1.
of] ;b:otf kmf/ddf pNN]lvt ljj/0f k|i6 / ;kmf g]kfnL / cu|]hL b'j} cIf/df eg'{kg]{5 .
2. gful/stfsf] k|dfl0ft ;+nUg x'g'kg]{5 .
3. z]o/ jfkt k|lt lsQf ? !)) sf b/n] slDtdf x'g] /sd ? !)) –Ps zo dfq_ ;+:yfdf
a'emfpg'kg]{5 .
4. u|fxs ;b:o tyf ;+:yfn] ljt/0f u/]sf] ljB't pkef]u ul/ ;+:yfsf] u|fxs lni6df clgjfo{
gfd pNn]v x'g'kg]{5 .
5. k|jz
] z'Ns jfkt ? =============== clgjfo{ a'emfpg' kg]5
{ .
6. cGo kl/rokq tyf kmf/d z'Ns ul/ hDdf ============ ?k}ofF a'emfpg' kg]{5 / hDdf ul/ ?
============= nfUg]5 .
7. Ps k|lt kf;kf]6{ ;fOh{sf] kmf]6f] lgj]bgsf] l;/fgdf 6fF;L , ! k|lt ;+:yfsf] /lhi6/sf] nflu
/ ! k|lt kl/rokqsf] nflu lgj]bgdf g{} gTyL ul/ Nofpg'kg}{5 .
9
cg';"rL – (=(
================== ====ljB't ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=
======================, ===================
ldlt M– ==================
ljB't h8fg cfj]bg kmf/fd
>L cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
=======================ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
=============================================
dxfzo,
d÷xfdLnfO{ u|fx:y{ ÷cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgsf] nflu ljB't cfjZos ePsf]n] lgDgfg';f/sf] 7]ufgfdf
ljB't h8fg u/L lbg' x'g cg'/f]w ub{5' ÷ub{5f}+ . cfk"lt{ ul/Psf] ljB'tsf] nflu lgodfg';f/ nfUg] dxz'n
ltg{ d~h'/ ub{5'÷ub{5f} . of]hgfsf] ljB't cfk"lt{ ;DalGw zt{x? dfGg l:jsf/ ub{5' ÷ub{5f}+ . d
÷xfdLaf6 ljB't pkef]u ;DalGw zt{x? pNnª\3g ePdf lgodfg';f/ b08÷;hfo ef]Ug tof/ 5' ÷5f} .
cfj]bssf] gfd
M–
afa'sf] gfd÷kltsf] gfd M–
afh]sf] gfd ÷;';/fsf] gfd
cfj]bssf] k|rlnt gfd M–
cfj]bssf] gful/stf g+
===============================================================================
===============================================================================
M– ===============================================================================
===============================================================================
M–=====================================================================================
ljB't h8fg ul/g] 7]ufgf M
-s_ lhNNff ================= -v_ uf lj ; ==================== -u_ j8f g+ ======== -3_ ufFp÷6f]n =================
dfu ul/Psf] ljB't ljj/0f M
-s_ gofF h8fg M
-v_ yk÷c:yfoL h8fg ÷cfk"lt{ ============================ lbg ldlt ==============b]lv ===================== ;Dd
-u_ ufx{:y M
!_ l;Ën km]h ld6/
@_ s6 cfp6 =========================== jf6
-3_ cf}Bf]lus M
!_ l;Ën km]h ld6/ ====================================== ls jf ÷s] le P
@_ y|L km]h ld6/ ========================================== lsjf ÷s] le P
b:t'/ ? =================================
cfj]bssf] x:tfIf/ M ===========================
=============================
ldlt M–
u|fxssf] x:tfIf/
ldlt M–
-ljB't h8fg kZrft_
10
-sfof{no k|of]hgsf] nflu dfq_
!_ ljB't h8fg ePsf] ldlt M– ===============================
u|fxs g+ M ===============================================
@_ hl8t ld6/÷s6cfp6 ljj/0f M ========================= u|fxs sf]8 g+ ==================================
s_ l;Ën km]h ÷ ly| km]h ÷ s6cfp6
v_ ========================= PlDko/ ÷==================================jf6
u_ ld6/ g+ M=======================================
#_ ljB't h8fg ubf{ k|of]u ePsf] sfnf]tf/sf] ljj/0f M
s_ nDafO{ ==========================
v_ k|fljlws ljj/0f M ==========================================
=========================
ljB't h8fg ug]{ M
k|fljlws
=========================
lg/LIf0f ug]{ M
On]lS6«sn cf]e/l;o/
=========================
k|dfl0ft ug]{ M
of]hgf k|aGws
11
cg';"rL – (=!)
================== ljB't ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=
======================, =======================
ljB't dd{t÷;+ef/ lglDt cfj]bg kmf/fd
ldlt M ==================
>L cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
================ ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
=============================================
dxfzo,
d÷xfdLn] o; of]hgfaf6 ljtl/t laB't pkef]u ul//x]sf] 5'÷5f} . t/ ldlt =========================== ut]
b]lv ljlu|P/ aQL aNn aGb ePsf] 5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfjf6 dd{t – ;'wf/sf] nflu k|fljlws k7fO{ lbg' x'g
cg'/f]w 5 .
1.
2.
3.
lgj]bssf] gfd M– ============================================================================================================
7]ufgf M– ========================================== uf la ; ============================ j8f g+ =======================
lah'nLsf] lsl;d M–
-s_ s6–cfp6 ======================================== jf6
-v_ ld6/
-!_ ufx{:y
-@_ cf}Bf]lus b:t'/ ? ======================
nfO{6 KjfO{G6 -3/df k|of]u ePsf] pks/0fsf] ;+Vof _
-!_ ================================================================
-@_ ================================================================
-#_ =================================================================
-$_ ================================================================
lau|gs
' f ;Djflet sf/0f
========================================================================================================================================
========================================================================================================================================
dfly pNn]lvt ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f 7Ls 5 . unt 7xl/Pdf h:tf] ;'s} ;hfo ef]Ug tof/ 5' .
4.
lgj]bssf] x:tfIf/
k|fljlwssf] /fo
==============================================================================================================================================
=======================================================================================================================================
12
cg';"rL – (=!!
================== ========= ljB't ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=
======================, ==========================
Ifdtf kl/jt{g lglDt cfj]bg kmf/fd
ldlt M– ========================
>L cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
================ ljB't ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln=
dxfzo,
d÷xfdLn] o; of]hgfaf6 ljtl/t laB't pkef]u ul//x]sf] 5'÷5f} . t/ xfn cfP/ pkef]u u/]sf]
ljB't Ifdtf sd÷a9L ePsf]n] lgDg cg'zf/sf] Ifdtf kl/jt{g ul/ lbg'sf ;fy} ;xsf/L ;+:yfjf6
h8fgsf] nflu k|fljlws k7fO{ lbg' x'g cg'/f]w 5 .
1.
2.
3.
cfj]bssf] gfd M– =============================================================================================================
7]ufgf M– ================================= uf la ; ============================ j8f g+ =======================
lah'nLsf] lsl;d M–
k'/fgf] ljB't gfKg] oGq
gofF laB't gfKg] oGq
-s_ s6–cfp6 ========================== jf6
-s_ s6– cfp6 ================= jf6
-v_ ld6/
-v_ ld6/
-!_ ufx{:y
-!_ ufx{:y
-@_ cf}Bf]lus
-@_ cf}Bf]lus
b:t'/ ? ======================
5.
nfO{6 KjfO{G6 -3/df k|of]u ePsf] pks/0fsf] ;+Vof _
-!_ ================================================================
-@_ ================================================================
-#_ =================================================================
-$_ ================================================================
6. Ifdtf kl/jt{gsf sf/0f
=======================================================================================================================================
=======================================================================================================================================
4.
lgj]bssf] x:tfIf/
k|fljlwssf] /fo
==============================================================================================================================================
=======================================================================================================================================
13
cg';"rL – (=!@
================ ljB't ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=
======================, ========================
ldlt M =========================
ljB't cfk'lt{ ljR5]bsf nflu cfj]bg kmf/d
>L cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
============================;xsf/L ln
==============, =============== .
laifo M ljB't cfk"lt{ ljR5]bg u/L kfFp eGg] af/] .
pk/f]Qm ;DaGwdf d xfn ======================================================== x'gfn] d]/f] 3/df ePsf] ljB't cfk"lt{
laR5]bg ul/lbg x'g >Ldfg ;dIf xflb{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .
!_ u|fxssf] gfd y/ M ==============================================================================
@_ afa'sf] gfd y/ M– ============================================================================
#_ u|fxs g+ M– ==========================================================
$_ u|fxssf] 7]ufgf M
-s_ lhNnf ==================== -v_ uf lj ; ====================== -u_ j8f g+ ======== -3_ ufFp÷6f]n ========
%_ ljB't dfks oGq M
-s_ =================== km]h ld6/ s6 cfp6 =================jf6
^_ b:t'/ ? ====================================
====================================
a'lemlng]sf] ;lx M
ljB't dxz'n jfkt a'emfpg'kg]{ s'g} klg /sd afFsL 5}g .
=================================
ljB't dxz'n ;+sns
ldlt M ============================ ut] ljB't cfk"lt{ laR5]bg ul/;s]sf] 5 .
ldlt M =============================== ut] ================================== sf/0fn] ljB't cfk"lt{ ljR5]bg ePsf] 5}g .
=====================================
k|fljlws zfvf
u|fxsaf6 a'em'g' kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfg a'lem;s]sf] 5' .
====================================
:6f]/ zfvf
================================
=======================================
sDKo'6/ zfvf
cWoIf
14
cg';"rL – (=!#
================ ljB't ;xsf/L ;:yf ln=
======================, ============================
7fFp÷gfd;f/L lglDt cfj]bg kmf/fd
ldlt M ==============================
>Ldfg\ cWoIf Ho",
;+rfns ;ldlt
============================ljB't ;xsf/L ln
==============, =============== .
d÷xfdLn] o; of]hgfaf6 ljtl/t laB't pkef]u ul//x]sf] 5'÷5f} . t/ xfn cfP/ =================================
================================================================== 7fFp÷gfd;f/L ul/ lbg' x'gsf] nflu cg'/f]w 5 .
cfj]bssf] gfd M =======================================================================================================
2. 7]ufgf M ================================= uf la ; ============================ j8f g+ =======================
3. lah'nLsf] lsl;d M–
-s_ s6–cfp6 ================== jf6
-v_ ld6/
-!_ ufx{:y
-@_ cf}Bf]lus
4. b:t'/ ? =======================
5.
/l;b g+ ======================
6. gofF 7fFp b]lv kf]n;Ddsf] b'l/ M ====================== ld6/=
7. 7fpF÷gfd;f/Lsf] sf/0f
==============================================================================================================================================
==============================================================================================================================================
1.
gfd;f/L ug]{n] dfq eg'{ kg]{
-s_ k|of]u ul//x]sf] Jolqmsf] gfd M ===================================================================
-v_ k|of]u ug{ vf]Hg] JolQmsf] gfd M =================================================================
-u_ k|o+ f]u ug{ vf]Hg]sf] afa'sf] gfd M =================================================================
-3_ 3/sf] nfnk'hf{ g+ M ===================================================================================
===========================
lgj]bssf] x:tfIf/
k|fljlwssf] /fo
==============================================================================================================================================
==============================================================================================================================================
15
cg';'rL – !)
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfsf] lgjf{rg lgb]{lzsf, @)^(
kl/ro
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx? cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts pGglQsf nflu vf]lng] :jfoQ ;+:yfx? x'g\ .
;b:ox?åf/f k|hftflGqs lgoGq0f ;xsf/Lsf] d"n l;4fGt xf] . lgjf{rg k|hftflGqs cEof;sf] cfwf/ xf] .
;xsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] k|f/Deb]lv g} g]kfndf ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rg lgod tyf
lgb{l] zsf ljgf g} ;~rfng x'bF } cfPsf] lyof] . @)$& ;fndf ePsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{g / k|hftGqsf]
k'g:yf{kgf kl5sf] kl/jlt{t kl/k|I] odf ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* hf/L ePkl5 ;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+
/ ;+:yfsf ;+rfns ;ldlt tyf n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rg sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ lgjf{rg
lgb]l{ zsfsf] cfjZostf dx;'z u/L ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] lgjf{rg lgb]l{ zsf, @)^( nfu" ul/Psf] 5 .
p2]Zo
g]kfne/df ;+rflnt ;a} txsf ;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ / ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?sf ;~rfns ;b:o,
k|ltlglw / n]vf ;ldltsf ;b:ox?sf] lgjf{rg u/fpg ;/n / ;a} ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yfx?df ul/g] lgjf{rg
sfo{df Ps?ktf xf];\ eGg] p2]Zon] of] lgb]{lzsf hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM
-!_ o; lgb{l] zsfsf] gfd æ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf lgjf{rg lgb{l] zsf @)^(Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] lgb{l] zsf g]kfne/sf ;a} txsf ;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}+s tyf ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf ;+rfns
;ldlt tyf n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu cg';/0f ug'{ kg]5
{ .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;n] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; lgb]l{ zsfdf,
-s_ æ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf % cg';f/ btf{ ePsf] k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf
;Demg' k5{ .
-v_ æ;+3Æ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf % cg';f/ btf{ ePsf] ljifout ;+3, lhNnf ;xsf/L
;+3, s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3 tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3nfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-u_ æa}+sÆ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)$* sf] bkmf @^ sf] pkbkmf -$_ cg';f/ btf{ ePsf] /fli6«o
;xsf/L a}s
+ nfO ;Demg' k5{ .
-3_ æljlgodÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ sf] ljlgodnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
-ª_ ælgjf{rgÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3 a}s
+ sf cWoIf tyf pkfWoIf nufot ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o
jf k|ltlglw jf n]vf ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rgnfO ;Demg' k5{ .
-r_ ælgjf{rg clws[tÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ n] cfˆgf] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf nflu lgo'Qm JolQm
jf ;xsf/L ljefusf] /lhi6«f/ jf lghn] tf]ss
] f] clws[tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
-5_ ædtbftfÆ eGgfn] ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ sf ;b:o jf k|ltlglw jf ;~rfns ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg'
k5{ .
-h_ æpDd]bjf/Æ eGgfn] ljlgod adf]lhdsf ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ sf] ;~rfns ;ldlt jf n]vf
;ldltsf ;b:o jf k|ltlglwsf] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g] JolQmnfO{ ;Demg' k5{ .
#= lgjf{rg pk;ldlt / lgjf{rg clws[t ;DaGwL Joj:yf M
-s_ ;xsf/L ;+3, ;xsf/L a}s
+ tyf ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns ;ldltn] cfˆgf] ;+rfns ;ldlt / n]vf
;ldltsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu cfˆgf] ljlgod cg';f/ Ps lgjf{rg pk;ldlt u7g ug'{
kg]{5 .
1
-v_ lgjf{rg sfo{qmddf dtbfg clws[tsf ?kdf ;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{no jf ljefun] k|ltlglw
v6fPsf] eP ;f] sd{rf/L jf ;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{no jf ;xsf/L ljefun] sd{rf/L pknAw
gePdf ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s /x]sf] jf lgjf{rg ;DkGg x'g] :yfgsf :yflgo axfnafnf ;/sf/L
sd{rf/L jf ljBfnosf :yfoL lzIfs jf dfGotf k|fKt sfg"g Joj;foLnfO lgjf{rg pk;ldltn]
lgjf{rg clws[tsf] ?kdf lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$= lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgf k|sflzt ug{] M
;xsf/L ;+3, ;xsf/L a}+s tyf ;+:yfsf] k|ltlglw jf ;~rfns ;ldlt jf n]vf ;ldltsf]
kbflwsf/Lx?sf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu !% lbg cufj} ;DalGwt ;+3 jf ;xsf/L a}s
+ jf ;+:yfn] ;+rfns
;ldltsf] a}7s a;L cg';"rL – !)=! cg';f/sf] 9fFrf lgjf{rg sfo{qmdsf] ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
%= dtbftf gfdfjnL k|sflzt ug{] M
-s_ ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ul7t lgjf{rg pk;ldltn] lgjf{rg u/fpg] lbgsf] k|f/Dedf
cg';"rL–!)=@ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf ;+rfns ;ldltn] pknJw u/fPsf] / lgjf{rg clws[tn]
k|dfl0ft u/]sf] dtbftf gfdfjnL k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] sf] d'r'Nsf cg';"rL–!)=# adf]lhdsf]
9fFrf /fVg' kg]{5 . 5'6km'6 ePsf] dtbftfsf] gfd yk36 ug{ 5f]6f] cjlwsf] Dofb lbO{ yk36 ug'{
kg]{5 . yk36 u/L ;RofOPsf] clGtd gfdfjnL k'gM k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-v_ lgjf{rg z'? ug'{ cl3 pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ k|rf/ k|;f/sf] nflu s]xL ;do lbg'kg]{5 . lgjf{rg z'?
ePkl5 k|rf/–k|;f/ aGb ug'{ kg]{5 .
^= pDd]bjf/af6 b/vf:t lng]M
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ sf] ;+rfns ;ldlt, n]vf ;ldltsf] pDd]bjf/sf] nflu b/vf:t lbg of]Uotf
k'u]sf] JolQm jf k|ltlglwn] cg';"rL–!)=$ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf /fvL pDd]bjf/sf] b/vf:t
lbg'kg]{5 .
-v_ pDd]bjf/sf] nflu b/vf:t lb+bf Ps hgf k|:tfjs / Pshgf ;dy{ssf] ;xL ePsf] x'g'k5{ . t/
s'g} pDd]bjf/sf] nflu Ps k6s k|:tfjs jf ;dy{s ePkl5 csf{] pDd]bjf/sf] nflu k|:tfjs jf
;dy{s aGg kfpg] 5}g .
-u_ lgjf{rg clws[tn] k|fKt b/vf:t hfFr u/L pDd]bjf/x?sf] gfdfjnL cg'';"rL–!)=% adf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf tof/ u/L ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ pDd]bjf/sf] bfjL lj/f]w / gfd lkmtf{ lng 5f]6f] cjlwsf] Dofb lbg'k5{ / To;kl5 clGtd
gfdfjnL k|sflzt ug'{ kg]{5 .
&= Ps kbsf] nflu dfq pDd]bjf/ x'g kfpg] M Ps hgf JolQm PseGbf a9L kbsf] nflu pDd]bjf/ aGg
kfpg] 5}g . lgDg cj:yfdf s'g} klg JolQm ;~rfns ;ldlt nufot n]vf ;ldlt s'g} kbsf]
lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ aGg kfpg] 5}g .
-s_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}+s jf s'g} klg ljlQo ;+:yfnfO{ ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg{] gubL jf lhG;L a+fsL
/x]sf]
-v_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ sf] a]?h" jf efvf gf3]sf] C0f jf cGo k|sf/sf] /sd sfod /x]sf] .
-u_ ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf a}s
+ jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] C0f r'Qmf gu/]jfkt sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf] .
-3_ ;DklQ z'l4s/0f ;DaGwL d'2fdf sf/jfxL rln /x]sf] jf sf/jfxL ePsf] .
-ª_ ;f]xL k|sl[ tsf] ;+:yfdf ;+rfns ;ldlt jf n]vf ;ldltdf kbflwsf/L e} sfd u/]sf] .
2
*= dtkqM lgjf{rgsf nflu cg';"rL – !)=^ adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf dtkq x'g]5 . dtkqdf ePsf sf]7fx?
gk'u ePdf hlt pDd]bjf/x? x'G5g\ plt g} sf]7f ;+Vof yk ub{} n}hfg ;lsg] 5 .
(= dtbfg s]Gb|df k|j]z lgif]wM lgjf{rg clws[t / lghn] tf]s]sf] JolQmx? afx]s cGo s'g} klg
JolQmnfO{ dtbfg s]Gb|df k|j]z lgif]w ug'{ kg]{5 .
!)= ;b/ jf ab/ dtkqM
-s_ dt ;+s]t ubf{ cfkm"n] dt lbg rfx]sf] pDd]bjf/sf] gfd y/ ePsf] dt ;+s]t ug]{ sf]7fleq kg{]
u/L :jl:ts lrGx - _ jf /]hf -_ nufpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ b'O{ pDd]bjf/x?sf] sf]7fx?df kg{] u/L :jl:ts lrGx jf /]hf nufO{ tL dWo] s;nfO{ dt lbPsf]
xf] eGg] k|i6 gePdf, dtkqdf :jl:ts lrGx jf /]hf g} gnufPdf / lgjf{rg clws[tsf] ;xL
gePdf dtkqx? ab/ x'g]5g\ .
-u_ Pp6f pDd]bjf/sf] sf]7fdf :jl:ts lrGx jf /]hf nufPsf] t/ /]hf wsf{sf] 6'Kkf] bf];|f]
pDd]bjf/sf] sf]7fdf 5'g k'u]sf] ePtf klg dt ;+s]t eg] Ps} pDd]bjf/nfO{ u/]sf] xf] eGg] k|i6
b]lvPdf To:tf] dtkq ;b/ dfGg' k5{ .
-3_ cfjZos kb eGbf j9L ;+Vofdf dtbfg u/]df ;f] dt jb/ x'g5
] .
-ª_ dtkq ;b/ jf ab/ ug{] af/] lgjf{rg clws[tsf] lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .
!!= k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]M s'g} pDd]bjf/n] cfˆgf] tkm{af6 lgjf{rgsf] dtbfg sfo{sf] /]vb]v ug{
pDd]bjf/sf] tkm{af6 ug'{ kg{] ;Dk"0f{ sfo{sf] nflu ;xsf/L ;+3, a}s
+ tyf ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?dWo] cg';"rL –
!)=& adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf s;}nfO{ k"0f{ clwsf/ lbO{ k|ltlglw lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg] 5 .
!@= dtk]l6sfdf dtbfg ug{] M
-s_ dtbfgsf] nflu Pp6f jfs; jf :yfgLo ?kdf pknAw s'g} a§fnfO{ dtk]l6sfsf] ?kdf k|of]u
ug{ ;lsg] 5 . dtbfg z'? x'g'eGbf cl3 pQm vfnL dtk]l6sf pDd]bjf/x? jf pgLx?sf
k|ltlglw ;fd' vf]n]/ b]vfO{ dt ;+s]t ug{] uf]Ko sf]7fsf] aflx/ k§L ;a}n] b]Vg] 7fpFdf /fVg' k5{ .
-v_ dtkqdf dt ;+s]t ug{sf] nflu Pp6f uf]Ko sf]7f jf 7fpF agfpg' k5{ .
-u_ dtbftfnfO{ Ps JolQm Ps dtsf] cfwf/df dfq dt lbg nufpg' k5{ . dtbftfnfO{ c?sf]
k|ltlglwTj ug{] u/L dt v;fNg lbg' x'Fb}g .
-3_ dtbftfn] lgjf{rg clws[t;Fu dtkq lnO{ pQm sf]7fdf uO{ dt ;+st] u/L aflx/ cfO{ pQm
dtkq dtk]l6sfdf v;fNg' k5{ .
-ª_ dtbfg sfo{ ;dfKt ePkl5 cg';"rL – !)=* sf] 9fFrf cg';f/ d'r'Nsf v8f ug'{k5{ / To;kl5
To;} 7fpFdf dtu0fgf ug'{k5{ .
!#= lgjf{rg kl/0ffd 3f]lift ug{]M
-s_ lgjf{rgsf] kl/0ffd cg';"rL – !)=( adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf d'rN' sf tof/ kf/L pDd]bjf/nfO{ jf
pgLx?sf] k|ltlglwx?nfO{ ;xL u/fO{ 3f]if0ff ug'k{ g]5
{ .
-v_ h'g;'s} kbsf] nflu hlt pDd]bjf/ v8f ePtfklg ;a}eGbf a9L dt k|fKt ug{] pDd]bjf/nfO{
ljhoL 3f]lift ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ ;dfg lsl;dsf PseGbf a9L kbsf] nflu lgjf{rg ubf{ hlt kbsf] nflu lgjf{rg ePsf] xf]
Tolt kb;Dddf a9L dt k|fKt ug{] pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ ljhoL 3f]lift ug'{ kg]{5 .
3
!$= uf]nf xfnL lg0f{o ug{] M dt u0fgfdf Ps eGbf a9L pDd]bjf/sf] dt a/fa/ ePdf uf]nf k|yfåf/f
lg0f{o u/fO{ ljhoL 3f]lift ug'{ kg]{5 .
!%= lglj{/f]w 3f]if0ff ug{] M pDd]bjf/sf] ;+Vof lgjf{rg ug{] kbsf] ;+Vof a/fa/ ePdf lgjf{rg clws[tn]
To:tf] JolQmnfO lglj{/f]w ljhoL ePsf] 3f]lift ug'{ kg]{5 .
!^= k|df0f–kq lbg] M lgjf{rgdf ljhoL pDd]bjf/nfO{ cg';r
" L – !)=!) adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf k|df0f–kq lbg'
kb{5 .
!&= lrQ ga'‰g]n] ph'/ ug{] M k|f/lDes ;xsf/L ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3 tyf lhNnf ;xsf/L ;+3sf] xsdf
lgjf{rg clws[tåf/f u/fOPsf] lgjf{rgdf lrQ ga'em] ;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{nodf / s]Gb|Lo
;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3sf] xsdf ;xsf/L ljefusf] /lhi6«f/ ;dIf
#% lbg leq ph'/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . ;xsf/L ljefusf] /lhi6«f/n] u/fPsf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwdf #%
lbgleq ;DalGwt dGqfnosf ;lrj ;dIf ph'/ ug{ ;lsg]5 .
!*= sfuhkq k]z ug{M] dtbfg sfo{sf] ;dflKt / ljhoL pDd]bjf/sf] 3f]if0ff u/L ;s]kl5 lgjf{rg
clws[tn] dtbfg ;DaGwL sfuhftx? ;DalGwt ;+3÷;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf k]z ug'{kg]{5 . lgjf{rg
;DaGwL ;a} sfuhftx? l;n u/L k|dfl0ft u/fO{ ;'/lIft ;fy /fVg' kg]5
{ .
!(= dtbftf gfdfjnL ;DalGwt ;xsf/L sfof{no jf ;xsf/L ljefudf k]z ug'{ kg]{ M ;+:yf jf ;+3 jf
a}ssf lhDd]jf/ kbflwsf/Ln] ;+rfns ;ldltn] :jLs[t u/]sf] / lgjf{rg clws[tn] k|dfl0ft u/]sf]
dtbftf gfdfjnLsf] Ps k|lt k|f/lDes ;+:yf, ljifout ;+3 tyf lhNNff ;xsf/L ;+3n] ;DalGwt
;xsf/L sfof{no / s]Gb|Lo ;xsf/L ;+3, /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L ;+3n] ;xsf/L
ljefudf dtbfg ;DkGg ePsf] & lbg leq pko'Qm / l56f] ;+rf/ dfWodaf6 k7fpg' kg]{5 .
4
cg';"rL – !)=!
lgjf{rg sfo{qmd
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf $ ;“u ;DalGwt_
l;=g+=
ljj/0f
ldlt
;do
!
dtbftfsf] klxnf] gfdfjnL k|sfzg
;f]xL lbg
ljxfg !) ah]
@
dtbftf gfdfjnL pk/ bfjL lj/f]w
;f]xL lbg
!)=))–!)=#) ah]
#
dtbftfsf] clGtd gfdfjnL] k|sfzg
;f]xL lbg
!!=)) ah]
$
pDd]bjf/sf] b/vf:t
;f]xL lbg
!!=#)–!@=)) ah]
%
pDd]bjf/sf] klxnf] gfdfjnL k|sfzg
;f]xL lbg
!@=!% jh]
^
pDd]bjf/ pk/sf] bfjL lj/f]w
;f]xL lbg
!@=!%–!@=$% ah]
&
bfjL lj/f]w pk/ 5fgljg
;f]xL lbg
!@=$%–)!=#) ah]
*
pDd]bjf/sf] clGtd gfdfjnL k|sfzg
;f]xL lbg
)!=#) ah]
(
k|rf/ k|;f/ sfo{qmd
;f]xL lbg
)!=#)–)@=)) ah]
!)
dtbfg k|f/De
;f]xL lbg
)@=)) ah]
!!
dtu0fgf k|f/De
;f]xL lbg
dtbfg ;dfKt ePkl5
!@
lgjf{rg kl/0ffdsf] 3f]if0ff
;f]xL lbg
dtu0fgf ;dfKt ePkl5
================================
lgjf{rg clws[t
;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf ================================== j8f g+= =======
gu/klnsf÷ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt===========================
lhNnf=================================
b|i6JoM– dflysf] sfo{qmd gd"gfsf] nflu lbOPsf] xf] . 7fpF, ;do / cj:yf x]/L lgjf{rg clws[tn] lgjf{rg
sfo{qmd agfpg ;lsG5 .
5
cg';"rL – !)=@
dtbftf gfdfjnL
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf %-s_ ;“u ;DalGwt_
===================c~rn====================lhNnf============g=kf=÷uf=lj=;=j8f g+ ==== l:yt ============== ;xsf/L
;+:yf÷;+3 ln= ==============
l;=g+=
dtbftfsf] gfd y/
pd]/
7]ufgf
s}lkmot
!
@
#
$
%
^
&
*
(
!)
ldltM–
:yfgM–
====================================
lgjf{rg clws[t
=================== ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf
============ lhNnf ================ gu/kflnsf÷
ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+= =====
6
cg';"rL – !)=#
dtbftf gfdfjnL k|sflzt u/]sf] d'r'Nsf
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf %-s_ ;“u ;DalGwt_
ldlt ================ df x'g] ==============lhNnf =============== g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= ==== l:yt
========================== ;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3 tyf /fli6«o ;xsf/L a}s
+ sf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf]
cWoIf÷pkfWoIf÷;b:o÷k|ltlglw÷n]vf ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs÷;b:osf] lgjf{rgsf] nflu ==================
;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3 cGtu{tsf dtbftf gfdfjnL ldlt ===============sf lbg xfd|f] /f]xj/df
=================7fpFdf 6fF;s
] f] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] .
/f]xj/sf] ;xL
!= ===============================
@= ===============================
#= ===============================
#= ===============================
$= ==============================
gfdfjnL 6fF; ug{s
] f] ;xL ===========
ldlt======================================
7
cg';"rL – !)=$
pDd]bjf/sf] b/vf:t
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf ^-s_ ;“u ;DalGwt_
>L lgjf{rg clws[t
lgjf{rg pk;ldlt, =========== ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf ln= ========== .
ldlt M
ljifoM pDd]bjf/L btf{ ul/ lbg] .
======================== ;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3÷a}s
+ sf] ;~rfns÷n]vf ;ldltsf] ==================== kbdf lgjf{lrt
eO{ ;+:yfsf] ;]jf ug]{ OR5f ePsf]n] ldlt ===================df ;DkGg x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ aGg of]
b/vf:t k]z u/]sf] 5' . d afx]s o; ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns / n]vf ;ldltsf] s'g} klg kbdf d]/f gft]bf/
pDd]bjf/ gePsf], d o; k|sl[ tsf] cGo s'g} ;+:yfsf] ;+rfns / n]vf ;ldltsf] kbdf sfo{/t g/x]sf], o;
;+:yfdf d}n] lg/Gt/ ?kdf ldlt==================b]vL ;b:o eO{ xfn;Dd ;+:yfsf] gLlt sfo{qmd cg';f/
;b:osf] lhDd]jf/L OdfGbf/Lk"js
{ lgjf{x ul/ cfPsf], ;+:yfsf] efvf gf3]sf] ;fFjf Jofh e'Qmfg ug{ / Dofb
e'Qmfg ePsf a'emfpg afFsL s'g} /sd g/x]sf], xfn klg ;+:yfn] sf/f]jf/ ug{ cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf]
ef}uf]lns If]qdf :yfoL a;f]af; /x]sf], a}s
+ tyf ljlQo sf/f]jf/df sfnf] ;"rLdf gfd gk/]sf] / ;xsf/Lsf]
k|rlnt sfg'g tyf ;xsf/Lsf ljZjJofkL dfGotf k|fKt d"No / l;4fGtsf jf/]df d hfgsf/ /x]sf] x'bF f
d]/f] pDd]bjf/L :jLs[t x'g ;d]t cg'/f]w ub{5' . ;xsf/L P]g, lgod ;xsf/L ljefuaf6 hf/L dfkb08 /
;+:yf÷;+3sf] ljlgod ljkl/t d]/f] pDd]bjf/L ePdf ;f]xL adf]lhd pDd]bjf/L vf/]h ePdf d]/f] s'g} cfklQ
5}g .
lgj]bs
b:tvtM
pDd]bjf/sf] Gffd y/ M
7]ufgf / ;Dks{ kmf]g gDa/ M
dtbftf qmd ;+Vof M
k|:tfjs
b:tvtM
k|:tfassf] gfd y/ M
dtbftf qmd ;+Vof M
;dy{s
b:tvtM
;dy{ssf] gfd y/ M
dtbftf qmd ;+Vof M
of] b/vf:tkq ldlt============ sf lbg ======== ah] >L================== n] d]/f] ;dIf k|:t't ug'{ ePsf] Aoxf]/f
k|dfl0ft ub{5' .
b:tvt M===================
lgjf{rg clws[t
8
cg';"rL – !)=%
pDd]bjf/x?sf] gfdfjnL ;"rL
-lgb{]lzsf bkmf ^-u_ ;“u ;DalGwt_
===============================================;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3÷a}s
+ sf] ;+rfns ;ldlt÷n]vf ;ldltsf]
===================lgjf{rgsf nflu ldlt ====================== df x'g] lgjf{rgdf pDd]bjf/ x'g lgDglnlvt
JolQmx?n] b/vf:t lbg' ePsf]n] ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 .
l;=g+=
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd y/
kb
pd]/
ln+Ë
7]ufgf
s}lkmot
ldltM–
=====================
lgjf{rg clws[t
=================== ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf
======= lhNnf ================= gu/kflnsf÷ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+=
=====
9
cg';"rL – !)=^
dtkq
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf * ;“u ;DalGwt_
qm=;+=
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd
kb
kb cWoIf
!=
@=
kb M pkfWoIf
!=
@=
kb M ;lrj
!=
@=
kb M sf]iffWoIf
!=
@=
kb M;b:o
!=
@=
#=
kbM n]vf ;ldlt ;+of]hs
!=
@=
kb M n]vf ;ldlt ;b:o
!
@
#
o:t} k|sf/n] hlt hgf pDd]bjf/ x'G5g\ sf]7f yk ub}{ nfg ;lsg]5 .
dt ;+s]t
========================
lgjf{rg clws[t
=================== ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf
======= lhNnf ================= gu/kflnsf÷ ufpF ljsf; ;ldlt j8f g+= =====
10
cg';"rL – !)=&
dtbfg tyf dtu0fgf k|ltlglwsf] lgo'lQm
-lgb{]lzsfsf] bkmf !! ;“u ;DalGwt_
>L =======================================
============================================
========================lhNnf====================uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=
l:yt=================;+3÷;+:yf÷a}s
+ sf]
=======================
;ldltsf]
cWoIf÷pkfWoIf÷;b:o
k|ltlglwsf]
lgjf{rgdf
d
========================================= pDd]bjf/ ePsf]n] ;xsf/L ;+3÷;+:yf÷a}+ssf] lgjf{rg lgb{]lzsf adf]lhd
tkfO{ >L ====================================nfO{ d]/f] dtbfg tyf dtu0fgf k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf lgo'lQm u/]sf] 5 .
tkfO{n] d]/f] tkm{af6 pQm lgb{]lzsfsf] clwgdf /xL lgjf{rg k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf u/]sf] lgjf{rg ;DaGwL sfd
sf/jfOdf d]/f] d~h'/L 5 .
ldltM–
-;xL============================_
gfd======================== ===
7]ufgf ========================
pk/f]Qm adf]lhd dtbfg tyf dtu0fgf k|ltlglw x'g d~h'/ ub{5' .
ldltM–
-;xL============================_
gfd======================== ===
7]ufgf ========================
af]wfy{ tyf sfof{y{
>L lgjf{rg clws[tHo"
=============================;+3÷;+:yf ln=
=============================lhNnf
=============================uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=
of] lgo'lQmkqsf] af]wfy{ o; sfof{nodf d]/f] ;dIf bflvn ePsf] xf] .
ldltM–
;xL==============================
lgjf{rg clws[t
11
cg';"rL – !)=*
dtbfg ;dfKt ePsf] d'r'Nsf
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf !@-ª_ ;“u ;DalGwt_
===========================lhNnf ========= g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= === l:yt =================;xsf/L
;+:yf÷;+3÷a}+ssf] +;+rfns ;ldltsf] ;b:o÷cWoIf÷pkfWoIf÷k|ltlglw÷n]vf ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs÷;b:o
kbdf ePsf] dtbfg sfo{ ===================ah] ldlt===================df z'? eO{ ====================ah] ;DkGg
ePsf] 7Ls ;fFrf] xf] .
pDd]bjf/ jf k|ltlglwx?sf] ;xL
>L==========================================================================
>L==========================================================================
>L==========================================================================
>L==========================================================================
>L==========================================================================
>L==========================================================================
=====================
lgjf{rg clws[t
12
cg';"rL – !)=(
dtu0fgf kl/0ffd d'r'Nsf
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf !# ;“u ;DalGwt_
======================lhNnf ===================uf=lj=;=÷g=kf=j8f g+= === l:yt =================;xsf/L
;+3÷;+:yf÷a}s
+ sf] kbflwsf/Lx?sf] nflu ;DkGg ePsf lgjf{rgsf] dtu0fgf kl/0ffd cg';f/ dtbfg
ePsf] hDdf ================dt dWo] ==========================dt ab/ ePsf] / =======================;b/ dt dWo]
pDd]bjf/x?n] lgDg adf]lhd ;b/ dt k|fKt u/]sf] xF'bf ;f]xL adf]lhd 3f]if0ff u/L of] d'r'Nsf ul/lbof}F .
pDd]bjf/sf] gfd y/
k|fKt ;b/ dt
qmd
ljhoL
k/flht
!= pDd]bjf/ ======================sf] k|ltlglw >L========================================
@= pDd]bjf/ ======================sf] k|ltlglw >L========================================
#= pDd]bjf/ ======================sf] k|ltlglw >L========================================
:yfgM–
ldltM–
lgjf{rg clws[tM–
13
cg';"rL – !)=!)
k|df0f–kq
-lgb{l] zsfsf] bkmf !^ ;“u ;DalGwt_
================================= ;xsf/L ;+:yf÷;+3÷a}s
+
========================= lhNnf ======================== g=kf=÷uf=lj=;= j8f g+= === l:yt ========= ;xsf/L
;+:yf÷;+3÷a}s
+ sf >L ============================ ldlt ==================== df ePsf] ================== kbsf]
lgjf{rgdf lgjf{lrt÷lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf]n] of] k|df0f–kq k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
======================
lgjf{rg clws[t
14

guidelines for cooperative model of mini / micro hydro projects

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