AP US History Summer Assignment

AP US History Summer Assignment
Your summer assignment contains two parts:
(1) Populists DBQ – complete according to the instructions on the DBQ. You may access additional
resources to help you with background information but should not cite this information in your
written response. Your written response should be based on the provided document. Typically the
DBQ response is about 3 – 4 typed pages.
(2) US History I Thematic Response – First, review the attached PowerPoint presentation reviewing key
US History I information. The AP US history test holds you responsible for understanding the
overarching themes and specific details of the entirety of United States history from pre-Columbian
civilizations to the modern era. Though the early portion of US History was the focus of your
sophomore year, reviewing this PowerPoint should keep many of the major names, issues, and
developments fresh as we move into September. Because the AP Test will assess your knowledge
of US I content, the AP US History course at NHS will also assess your knowledge of US I content.
You should be ready for these assessments at the beginning of the school year in September. In the
interest of keeping you in US History I “mode” you will be responsible for completing the following
based on the provided PowerPoint.
US History I Thematic Response:
The College Board’s AP US History curriculum identifies the following themes around which the
course and the AP test are structured:
• Identity
• Work, Exchange, and Technology
• Peopling
• Politics and Power
• America in the World
• Environment and Geography – Physical and Human
• Ideas, Belief, and Culture
After viewing the PowerPoint you should select 15 events, people, inventions, ideas, etc. that you
believe were most critical in the development of U.S. History from 1607 – 1877. Next, you should
determine the theme under which each of your selections falls. For each selection you should write 2
– 4 sentences describing your rationale for why this event, person, invention, idea, etc. was most
critical in the development of U.S. History from 1607 – 1877. Additionally you should provide your
rationale for why you chose to attach your selection to your chosen theme. If you want, you could
select more than one theme to attach to your selection.
One of your entries might look like the following:
The Proclamation of 1763 – The Proclamation of 1763 was one of the most critical developments in U.S.
History form 1607 – 1877 because it represents the first significant restrictive policies toward the North
American colonies by the British Crown following the French and Indian War after decades of “salutary
neglect.” Though not destructive to the colonial way of life, it was the first sign for many colonists that the
Crown did not necessarily have the best interests of Americans in mind. The Proclamation would fall under
politics and power because it was a decision of the British Crown that impacted colonial relations. It would
also fall under Environment and Geography because it restricted movement WEST of the APPALACHIAN
MOUNTAINS. Arguably it could also fit under identity because it impacted how Americans felt about their
place in the British Empire.
All response should be typed, double-spaced, Times New Roman font, and follow MLA formatting for page
set-up and in-text citations.
Feel free to email Mr. Dwyer at jdwyer@nutleyschools.org with any questions or clarifications.
The College Board
Advanced Placement Examination
AMERICAN HISTORY
SECTION I1
(Suggested writing time--40 minutes)
Directions: The following question requires you to construct a coherent essay that integrates your
interpretation of Documents A-H and your knowledge of the period referred to in the question. In
your essay, you should strive to demonstrate a broad grasp of the documents and to support your
assertions about the documents by citing key pieces of evidence from them. Be sure to use your
knowledge of the period to develop your answer to the two parts of the question.
1. Documents A-H reveal some of the problems that many farmers in the late nineteenth century
(1880-1900)saw as threats to their way of life. Using the documents and your knowledge of
the period, (a) explain the reasons for agrarian discontent and @) evaluate the validity of the
farmers' complaints.
Document A
I
Source: The platform of the People's (Populist) party (1892)
The conditions which surround us best justify our cooperation; we meet in the midst of a nation
brought to the verge of moral, political, and material ruin. Corruption dominates the ballot-box,
the legislatures, the Congress, and even touches the ermine of the bench. The people are demoralized. . . . The newspapers are largely subsidized or muzzled, public opinion silenced, business
prostrated, homes covered with mortgages, labor irnpoveriqhed, and the land concentrating in
the hands of the capitalists. The urban workmen are denied the right of organization for selfprotection. . . .
The national power to create money is appropriated to enrich bondholders; a vast public debt
payable in legal-tender currency has been funded into gold bearing bonds, thereby adding millions
to the burdens of the people.
Silver, which has been accepted as coin since the dawn of history, has been demonetized to add to
the purchasing power of gold by decreasing the value of all forms of property as well as human
labor, and the supply of currency is purposely abridged to fatten usurers, bankrupt enterprise, and
enslave industry. A vast conspiracy against mankind has been organized on two continents, and it
is rapidly taking possession of the world. If not met and overthrown at once it forebodes terrible
convulsions, the destruction of civilization, or the establishment of an absolute despotism.
Copyright 0 1983by Educational Testing Service, Princeton, NJ. All rights reserved.
I
Document B
Source: Acceptance speech of William McKinley, Canton, Ohio (August 26,1896)
It is proposed by one wing of the Democratic party and its allies, the People's and Silver parties,
to inaugurate action on the part of the United States at a ratio of 16 ounces of silver to one ounce
of gold. . . .
We must not be misled by phrases, nor deluded by false theories. Free silver would not mean that
silver dollars were to be freely had without cost or labor. . . . It would not make labor easier, the
hours shorter, or the pay better. It would not make farming less laborious or more profitable. . . .
Debasement of the currency means destruction of values. No one suffers so much from cheap
money as the farmers and laborers. They are the first to feel its bad effects and the last to recover
from them. . . .
It is mere pretense to attribute the hard times to the fact that all our currency is on a gold basis.
Good money never made times hard. . . .
I
I
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Document C
Source: United States government data (1961)
, UNITED
1865
1870
1875
1880
1885
1890
1895
STATES POPULATION AND MONEY IN CIRCULATION, 1865-1895
Povulation
(in thousands)
35,701
39,905
45,073
50,262
56,658
63,056
69,580
Monev in Circulation
(in thousands of dollars)
1,083,541
774,966
833,789
973,382
1,292,569
1,429,251
1,601,968
II
Document D
Source: The Farmer's Voice, a Chicago newspaper (late 1880's or early 1890's)
Designed and Engraved expressly for "The Farmer's Voice."
T H E EASTERN MASTER AND HIS WESTERN SLAVES
I
1983>DQ
Document E
Source: J. Laurence Laughlin, "Causes of Agricultural Unrest," Atlantic Monthly (November, 1896)
Of course, the farmer who has overtraded, or expanded his operation beyond his means, in a time of
commercial depression is affected just as anyone else is in like conditions.
The simple fact that we produce more wheat than we consume, and that, consequently, the price of
the whole crop is determined, not by the markets within this country, but by the world-markets, is
sufficient to put wheat, as regards its price, in a different class from those articles whose markets are
local. . . .And it need not be said that many wheat-growing farmers make little or no allowance for
events beyond their limited range of local information. . . .
The sudden enlargement of the supply without any corresponding increase of demand produced
that alarming fall in the price of wheat which has been made the farmer's excuse for thinking that
silver is the magic panacea for all his ills. . . .
Feeling the coils of some mysterious power about them, the farmers, in all honesty, have attributed
their misfortunes to the "constriction" in prices, caused, as they think,not by an increased production of wheat throughout the world, but by the "scarcity of gold."
Document F
Source: James B. Weaver, A Call to Action: A n Interpretation of the Great Uprising. Its Source and
Causes (1892)
It is clear that trusts are contrary to public policy and hence in conflict with the Common law. They
are monopolies organized to destroy competition and restrain trade. . . . Once they secure control of
a given line of business, they are master of the situation and can dictate to the two great classes with
which they deal-the producer of the raw material and the consumer of the finished product. They
limit the price of the raw material so as to impoverish the producer, drive him to a single market,
reduce the price of every class of labor connected with the trade, throw out of employment large
numbers of persons who had before been engaged in a meritorious calling and finally. . . they
increase the price to the consumer. . . . The main weapons of the trust are threats, intimidation,
bribery, fraud, wreck, and pillage.
I
Document G
Source: Testimony of George W. Parker, vice-president of the Cairo Short Line Railroad, before the
Senate Cullom Committee (1885)
Mr. Parker. There is a decided distinction between local and through business: They are influenced
by different considerations. Different rules and practices apply to them. . . .
About 33%percent of the operating expenses of this road is continuous, regardless of whether the
road is earning much or little, and it there'fore requires a certain volume of business to meet these
fixed expenses. In most cases, and especially in some seasons of the year, the local business of the
road of itself is not of sufficient volume to make up paying trains, nor is it sufficient to make the
earnings, over and above current expenses, sufficient to meet the fixed charges against the road.
So that in order to run paying trains we generally, after we have built the road to accommodate
the local territory, endeavor to get a connection for through business to be super-added to the local
business. Then when we make up a train of ten or fifteen cars of local freight to go over our line
from Saint Louis, we can attach fifteen or twenty cars more of strictly through business. We can
take the latter at a very low rate rather than go without it. We are justified in doing so, as one does
no prejudice to the other. . . .
The Chairman. Suppose you were to carry the freights that you gather along the line of your road
for the same rate you carry through freight . . . what would be the consequence?
Mr. Parker. Bankruptcy, inevitably and speedily. . . .
I
Document H
Source: Frank Norris, The Octopus (1901)
For a moment Dyke was confused. Then swiftly the matter became clear in his mind. The Railroad
had raised the rate on hops from two cents to five.
All his calculations as to a profit on his little investment he had based on a freight rate of two cents
a pound. He was under contract to deliver his crop. He could not draw back. The new rate ate up
every cent of his gains. He stood there ruined.
"Why, what do you mean?" he burst out. "You promised me a rate of two cents and I went ahead
with my business with that understanding. . . ."
I
I
I
I.
"The rate is five cents," declared the clerk doggedly.
"Well that ruins me," shouted Dyke. "Do you understand? I won't make fifty cents. Make? Why, I
will owe.-I'll be-be-That
ruins me, do you understand?"
The other raised a shoulder.
"We don't force you to ship. You can do as you like. The rate is five cents."
"Well-but-.
. . . You told m e y o u promised me a two-cent rate."
. . . Dyke stared in blank astonishment. . . .
". . . Look here. What's your basis of applying freight rates, anyhow?" he suddenly vociferated with
furious sarcasm. . . .
S. Behrman emphasized each word of his reply with a tap of one forefinger on the counter before him:
"All-the
traffic-willbear."
END OF 1983 DBQ DOCUMENTS
US History
1607 to 1877
Overview
1
6 Key Dates
6 Eras
10 Territories
36 Important People
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
2
6 Key Dates
1607: Jamestown, VA
First permanent English settlement
1
6
0
7
1877: End of REC
Federal troops removed from the South
1776 1787 1803
1776: DOI
Declaration of Independence
1787: USC
United States Constitution
1803: LA Purchase
Louisiana Purchase
1861 to 1865
1
8
7
7
1861 to 1865: CW
Civil War
3
6 Key Dates
6 Eras
10 Territories
36 Important People
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
4
6 Eras
1607: Jamestown, VA
First permanent English settlement
1877: End of REC
Federal troops removed from the South
1
6
0
7
1
8
7
7
270 Years
5
6 Eras
COL = Colonization
REV
BaN
= Revolution
= Building
GnR = Growth
a Nation
REC
CW
and Reform
== Civil
Reconstruction
War
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
COL
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC
156
Yrs
20
Yrs
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
20
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
270 Years
6
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
COL
156
Yrs
1861 1865
1
8
7
7
270 Years
7
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
England planted the Original 13 Colonies
along the Atlantic Coast of North America.
1st Colony
1607 VA (Jamestown)
2nd Colony 1620 MA (Plymouth Rock)
12th Colony 1682 PA (Philadelphia)
13th Colony 1733 GA (Savannah)
8
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
The Original 13 Colonies were squeezed
between the Atlantic Ocean
and the Appalachian Mountains.
Needing room to grow, the Colonists crossed
the Appalachian Mountains and tried to take land
that was claimed by the French and the Indians
in the Ohio River Valley.
This caused the French and Indian War.
9
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
In 1754 Benjamin Franklin told the Colonists:
“Join or Die”
(Albany Plan of Union)
But the Colonies refused to give up their power
to a central government.
In 1754 George Washington served as a Colonel
leading a regiment of Virginia militia
against the French and the Indians.
He lost the fight.
10
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
In 1756 the King of England declared war on France
and sent more troops to America to defend the Colonists
from the French and the Indians.
The King ran up a huge debt defending the Colonists.
! This debt led to the Revolution.
The Treaty of Paris of 1763
marked the end of the French and Indian War
and the end of the Colonization Era.
11
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
1st Colony – Jamestown, VA
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
COL
156
Yrs
1861 1865
1
8
7
7
Treaty of Paris of 1763
270 Years
12
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
REV
20
Yrs
1861 1865
1
8
7
7
270 Years
13
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
In 1763 the King of England, King George III,
issued the Proclamation of 1763
in which he told the colonists:
“Do not cross the Appalachian Mountains!”
This angered the colonists. (Why?)
They thought that winning the French and Indian War
would give them access to the Ohio River Valley.
14
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
In 1764 King George III decided that the Colonists
should help pay off the debt that England had incurred
in defending the Colonies from the French and the Indians,
so he began raising their taxes.
Acts of Parliament that taxed the Colonies:
Sugar Act (1764)
Stamp Act (1765)
Declaratory Act (1766) Townshend Acts (1767)
Tea Act (1773)
Coercive Acts (1774)
Etc, Etc, Etc . . .
15
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
Parliament passed Acts that raised their taxes,
but Colonists did not get to elect Members of Parliament.
This led to the battle-cry:
“No Taxation without Representation!”
The King could have avoided Revolution
by lowering taxes or by allowing the Colonists
to elect Members of Parliament.
He did neither.
16
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
In 1776 the Colonies declared their independence.
In 1777 the Colonies wrote our 1st constitution:
Articles of Confederation (1777/1781)
In 1781 Washington defeated Cornwallis at Yorktown, VA.
In 1783 the British signed the Treaty of Paris of 1783
acknowledging that the Colonies were
“Free and Independent States.”
17
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
Proclamation of 1763
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
20
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Treaty of Paris of 1783
270 Years
18
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
BaN
20
Yrs
1861 1865
1
8
7
7
270 Years
19
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
Now that the Colonies were
“Free and Independent States”
they had to figure out how to be a
“Nation.”
In 1777 they had written our 1st constitution:
Articles of Confederation (1777/1781)
But the Articles created a central government
that was too weak.
20
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
In 1787 they wrote the US Constitution (USC),
which was ratified in 1788,
creating a much stronger central government.
In 1789 George Washington became our 1st President.
Also in 1789 they made 10 changes to the USC.
These first ten changes (aka amendments),
which were ratified in 1791, are called the Bill of Rights.
21
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
Our 1st President, George Washington (VA),
served for 8 years (1789 to 1797).
Our 2nd President, John Adams (MA),
served for 4 years (1797 to 1801).
Our 3rd President, Thomas Jefferson (VA),
served for 8 years (1801 to 1809).
22
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
Treaty of Paris of 1783
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
BaN
20
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Louisiana Purchase
270 Years
23
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
58
Yrs
1
8
7
7
270 Years
24
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
In just 50 years – from 1803 to 1853 –
the United States expanded “from sea to shining sea”
thereby fulfilling our “Manifest Destiny.”
The growth began in 1803
when President Thomas Jefferson (#3)
obtained the Louisiana Purchase from France,
doubling the size of the country,
and moving our western border
from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains.
25
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
In just 50 years – from 1803 to 1853 –
the United States expanded “from sea to shining sea”
thereby fulfilling our “Manifest Destiny.”
The growth was completed in 1853
when President Franklin Pierce (#14)
obtained the Gadsden Purchase from Mexico,
completing the contiguous continental United States.
“Purchase to Purchase = 50 Years”
26
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
This growth raised 2 questions:
Would there be slavery in the new territories?
Who would make that decision?
The people in each State and Territory?
OR
The Federal Government in Washington, DC?
This is referred to as the “States’ Rights” issue.
27
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
This growth also triggered 4 reform movements:
Movement #1 = Abolition
End Slavery
Movement #2 = Suffrage
Equal Rights for Women (ESP: The right to vote!)
28
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
This growth also triggered 4 reform movements:
Movement #3 = Temperance
Stop Drinking
Movement #4 = Education
Free Public Schools for Everyone
29
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
Louisiana Purchase
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
58
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Confederates fired on Fort Sumter, SC
270 Years
30
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
CW
4
Yrs
1
8
7
7
270 Years
31
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
In November of 1860
Abraham Lincoln (#16) was elected US President.
In December of 1860
South Carolina (SC) seceded from the Union.
In February of 1861
SC and 6 other states (GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, and TX)
formed the Confederate States of America (CSA)
electing Jefferson Davis as their 1st (and only) President.
32
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
In March of 1861
Abraham Lincoln (#16) was inaugurated as US President.
In April of 1861
Confederate troops fired on Fort Sumter, SC.
The Civil War had begun!
In July of 1861
the first major battle of the Civil War
was fought near Bull Run Creek (Manassas) in VA.
33
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
In January of 1863
President Abraham Lincoln (#16) issued the
Emancipation Proclamation.
The Emancipation Proclamation
changed the focus of the war:
It had started – in 1861 – as a war to preserve the Union.
It now – in 1863 – became a war to end slavery.
34
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
In July of 1863
the Union won two major battles
that marked the turning point of the war:
The Union victory at Gettysburg, PA
stopped Robert E. Lee’s final advance into the North.
The Union victory at Vicksburg, MS
gave the Union control of the Mississippi River.
35
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
In April of 1865
Confederate General Robert E. Lee
surrendered to
Union General Ulysses S. Grant
at Appomattox Courthouse, VA.
The Civil War had ended!
President Abraham Lincoln (#16)
was assassinated 5 days later.
36
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
Confederates fired on Fort Sumter, SC
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
CW
4
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Lee surrendered to Grant
270 Years
37
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REC
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
270 Years
38
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
It took 4 years of Civil War to tear the country apart.
It took 12 years of Reconstruction to sew it back together.
re = again
construct = to build
reconstruct = to build again
Reconstruction:
Rebuilding the nation that had been torn apart by Civil War.
39
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
One of the main issues during Reconstruction
was the question of how to deal with the South:
Should the South be punished for having caused the war?
OR
Should the North “forgive and forget”?
President Andrew Johnson (#17)
said “forgive and forget” . . .
but the Radical Republicans in Congress disagreed.
40
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
The other main issue during Reconstruction
was the question of how to deal with the former slaves:
13th Amendment (1865)
Ended Slavery
14th Amendment (1868)
Defined the Rights of Citizenship
15 Amendment (1870)
Guaranteed the Right to Vote to ALL MEN
41
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
President Ulysses S. Grant (#18)
sent Federal troops to the South
to suppress the terrorist organization
known as the Ku Klux Klan (KKK).
It worked! The KKK was stopped, for a while . . .
In 1877 President Rutherford B. Hayes (#19)
removed the last of the Federal troops from the south,
marking the end of Reconstruction.
42
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
Lee surrendered to Grant
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REC
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Federal troops removed from the South
270 Years
43
6 Eras
10 Territories
36 Important People
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
44
10 Territories
Original 13 Colonies
1607 to 1763
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
45
10 Territories
USA
1783
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
46
10 Territories
USA
1783
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
47
10 Territories
Louisiana Purchase
1803
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
48
10 Territories
Louisiana Purchase
1803
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
49
10 Territories
Florida Territory
1819
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
50
10 Territories
Florida Territory
1819
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
51
10 Territories
Texas
1845
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
52
10 Territories
Texas
1845
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
53
10 Territories
Oregon Territory
1846
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
54
10 Territories
Oregon Territory
1846
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
55
10 Territories
Mexican Cession
1848
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
56
10 Territories
Mexican Cession
1848
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
57
10 Territories
Gadsden Purchase
1853
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
58
10 Territories
Gadsden Purchase
1853
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
59
10 Territories
Alaska Territory
1867
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
60
10 Territories
Alaska Territory
1867
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
61
10 Territories
Hawaii Territory
1898
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
62
10 Territories
Hawaii Territory
1898
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
63
10 Territories
36 Important People
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
64
Colonization (COL)
1607 to 1763 (156 Years)
1-3 of 3
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
COL
William
Penn
Benjamin
Franklin
George
Washington
1
8
7
7
65
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
1-3 of 15
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
Benjamin
Franklin
George
Washington
John
Adams
1
8
7
7
66
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
4-6 of 15
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
Samuel
Adams
John
Hancock
King
George III
1
8
7
7
67
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
7-9 of 15
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
Patrick
Henry
Thomas
Paine
Thomas
Jefferson
1
8
7
7
68
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
10-12 of 15
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
Roger
Sherman
John
Jay
Alexander
Hamilton
1
8
7
7
69
Revolution (REV)
1763 to 1783 (20 Years)
13-15 of 15
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REV
John Paul
Jones
Marquis de
Lafayette
James
Monroe
1
8
7
7
70
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
1-3 of 12
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
BaN
Benjamin
Franklin
Roger
Sherman
John
Marshall
1
8
7
7
71
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
4-6 of 12
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
BaN
James
Madison
Alexander
Hamilton
John
Jay
1
8
7
7
72
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
7-9 of 12
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
BaN
Patrick
Henry
George
Mason
James
Monroe
1
8
7
7
73
Building a Nation (BaN)
1783 to 1803 (20 Years)
10-12 of 12
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
BaN
#1 – George
Washington
#2 – John
Adams
#3 – Thomas
Jefferson
1
8
7
7
74
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
1-3 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
#3 – Thomas
Jefferson
#4 – James
Madison
#5 – James
Monroe
1
8
7
7
75
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
4-6 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
#6 – John
Quincy Adams
#7 – Andrew
Jackson
#11 – James
K. Polk
1
8
7
7
76
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
7-9 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
Daniel
Webster
Henry
Clay
John C.
Calhoun
1
8
7
7
77
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
10-12 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
Elizabeth
Cady Stanton
Susan B.
Anthony
Harriet
Beecher Stowe
1
8
7
7
78
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
13-15 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
Sojourner
Truth
Henry David
Thoreau
Horace
Mann
1
8
7
7
79
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
16-18 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
Robert E.
Lee
Ulysses S.
Grant
Jefferson
Davis
1
8
7
7
80
Growth and Reform (GnR)
1803 to 1861 (58 Years)
19-21 of 21
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
GnR
John
Marshall
Frederick
Douglass
Abraham
Lincoln
1
8
7
7
81
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
1-3 of 5
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
CW
#16 – Abraham
Lincoln
Ulysses S.
Grant
Frederick
Douglass
1
8
7
7
82
Civil War (CW)
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
4-5 of 5
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
CW
#1 (CSA)
Jefferson Davis
Robert E.
Lee
1
8
7
7
83
Reconstruction (REC)
1865 to 1877 (12 Years)
1 of 1
1
6
0
7
1763
1783
1803
1861 1865
REC
#18 – Ulysses
S. Grant
1
8
7
7
84
36 Important People
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
85
5 Wars
French and Indian War
1754 to 1763 (9 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
British and Colonists defeated French and Indians
Ending Event = Treaty of Paris of 1763
86
5 Wars
Revolutionary War
1775 to 1783 (8 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Patriots and French defeated Loyalists and British
Ending Event = Treaty of Paris of 1783
87
5 Wars
War of 1812
1812 to 1815 (3 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Americans defeated British
Ending Event = Treaty of Ghent in 1814
88
5 Wars
War with Mexico
1846 to 1848 (2 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Americans defeated Mexicans
Ending Event = Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848
89
5 Wars
Civil War
1861 to 1865 (4 Years)
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Union defeated Confederacy
North defeated South
Blue defeated Gray
Yankees defeated Rebels
Ending Event = Lee surrendered to Grant in 1865
90
5 Wars
11 Documents
24 Inventions
91
11 Documents
Magna Carta
1215
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
20
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Limited Government
Due Process of Law
Trial by Jury
92
11 Documents
Mayflower
Compact
1620
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Social Contract for Self-Government
Town Hall Meetings
Majority Rule
93
11 Documents
Fundamental Orders
of Connecticut
1639
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
1st Written Constitution in North America
But it only applied to one Colony – Connecticut
94
11 Documents
English Bill of Rights
1689
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Served as a model for the US Bill of Rights
The US Bill of Rights was written in 1789 – exactly 100 years later!
95
11 Documents
Declaration of Independence
1776
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Explained why the Colonies were separating from England
96
11 Documents
Articles of Confederation
1777 / 1781
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
1st Constitution for the United States of America
But it created a central government that was too weak.
97
11 Documents
Northwest Ordinance
1787
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Established the criteria by which territories could become states.
Guaranteed Religious Freedom
Banned Slavery
98
11 Documents
US Constitution
1787 / 1788
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
New Constitution for the United States of America
Replaced the Articles of Confederation
“Supreme Law of the Land”
99
11 Documents
Bill of Rights
1789 / 1791
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
1st Ten Amendments to the US Constitution
Added to satisfy the Anti-Federalists
and to protect the rights of individuals.
100
11 Documents
Landmark Supreme Court Cases
1803 / 1819 / 1824 / 1832 / 1841 / 1857
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
Established the Power of the Supreme Court
and the Supremacy of the National Government over the States.
101
11 Documents
Civil War
Amendments
1865 / 1868 / 1870
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
13th Amendment – 1865 – Ended Slavery
14th Amendment – 1868 – Defined the Rights of Citizenship
15th Amendment – 1870 – Guaranteed the Right to Vote to ALL MEN
102
11 Documents
24 Inventions
103
24 Inventions
Printing Press
Johann Gutenberg
1450
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
104
24 Inventions
Lightning Rod
Benjamin Franklin
1752
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
105
24 Inventions
Spinning Jenny
James Hargreaves
1764
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
106
24 Inventions
Steam Engine
James Watt
1769
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
107
24 Inventions
Bifocal Lens
Benjamin Franklin
1780
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
108
24 Inventions
Threshing Machine
Andrew Meikle
1784
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
109
24 Inventions
Power Loom
Edmund Cartwright
1785
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
110
24 Inventions
Slater’s Textile Mill
Samuel Slater
1789
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
111
24 Inventions
Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney
1793
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
112
24 Inventions
Interchangeable Parts
Eli Whitney
1798
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
113
24 Inventions
Steamboat
Robert Fulton
1807
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
114
24 Inventions
Lowell’s Textile Mill
Francis Cabot Lowell
1814
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
115
24 Inventions
Erie Canal
Governor DeWitt Clinton
1825
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
116
24 Inventions
Steam-Powered Locomotive
Peter Cooper
1830
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
117
24 Inventions
McCormick Reaper
Cyrus McCormick
1834
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
118
24 Inventions
Colt Revolver
Samuel Colt
1835
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
119
24 Inventions
Steel-Tipped Plow
John Deere
1837
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
120
24 Inventions
Daguerreotype
Louis Daguerre
1839
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
121
24 Inventions
Telegraph and Morse Code
Samuel Morse
1844
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
122
24 Inventions
Sewing Machine
Elias Howe
1846
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
123
24 Inventions
Bessemer Steel Converter
Sir Henry Bessemer
1856
Industrial Revolution
1
6
0
7
1763
COL
156
Yrs
1783
1803
REV BaN
20
Yrs
20
Yrs
1861 1865
GnR
CW REC
58
Yrs
4
Yrs
12
Yrs
1
8
7
7
124
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Transcontinental Railroad
Leland Stanford
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
125
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
126
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
127
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
128
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
129
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Suez Canal
Ferdinand de Lesseps
1869
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
130
24 Inventions
1
6
0
7
COL
156
Yrs
Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
1876
Industrial Revolution
1861 1865
1763 1783 1803
1
REV BaN
GnR
CW REC 8
7
20
20
58
4
12
7
Yrs Yrs
Yrs
Yrs Yrs
131