The Oral Cavity and The Pharynx

The Oral Cavity and The Pharynx
Principle function of the above are the followings:
‰Mastication- Grinding the food.
‰Deglutition- Movement of bolus of food to the Pharynx
‰Swallowing- Movement of bolus of food down Pharynx and Esophagus
Insertion
Superior constrictor m.
Middle constrictor m.
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Origin
Inferior constrictor m.
Laryngeal Pharynx
Esophagus
Walid Bermani M.D.,Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Clinical Anatomy
Oral Cavity
Vestibule
Buccinator m.
Geniohyoid m.
Genioglossus m.
Submandibular duct and
Lingual n.
Myelohyoid m.
(floor of oral cavity
‰
Mastication- Grinding the food.
Parotid duct
Sublingual Fascial space
Submaxillary fascial space
Orbicularis Oris m.
Posterior wall
Of pharynx
Soft palate and Uvula
PalatoGlossal arch
Ant. Pillar of fauces
Tonsilar Fossa
( palatine)
Anterior Pillar of Fauces
Separate the Oral cavity
From the Oro-Pharynx
Palatopharyngeal
arch
Maxillary vestibule
Parotid papilla
Maxillary tuberosity
Retromolar pad
Buccal mucosa
Mandibular Vestibule
Pterygomandibular
fold (ligament)
Interdental gingiva
Marginal gingiva
Incisive Papilla
Attached gingiva
Palatine rugae
Median Palatine
raphe
Hard Palate
Submandibular
Lymph nodes
Submental Lymph nodes
Lymph drainage from Upper &Lower lips
Nasopalatine
foramen
Horizontal
Plate of
Palatine
bone
Hamulus/
Tensor Velli Palatini M.
Torus Palatinus
Bony growth
???
Pterygo-mandibular Ligament
The Palate have the followings
1-Intrensic muscles
2-Tenson Velli Palatini M. –V3
3. Levator Velli Palatini M.- X
Tuberosity of Maxilla
Pterygomandibular fold
Retromolar pad
Anterior pillar fauces
Buccinator m.
Lingual n
Submandibular duct
Sup. Constrict. M.
Floor of the Oral Cavity
Myelohyoid muscle
Myelohoid line
Hyoid bone
Submandibular
Salivary gland
Facial artery
Lingual nerve (V3)
Submandibular duct
? XII
Digastrics tendon
Stylohyoid ligament
Innervated by Myelohyoid branch of Inferior Alveolar n. of V3
Myelohyoid line
Genioglossus m.
Geniohyoir m.
Myelohyoid n
Posterior free edge of Myelohyoid m.
Hyoglossus m.
Epiglottis
Vallecular Fossa
Frenulum
The Tongue have
A- Intrinsic muscles, Longitudinal, Horizontal and obliques
B- Extrinsic muscles GenioG., HyoG., StyloG
C- PalatoG. Innervated by X all others are innervated by XII
Abscess of Premolar teeth/ above Mylohyoid line
(Sublingual space)
Lingual n.
Myelohyoid line
Abscess of 2nd and 3rd Molar teeth
below L.Mylohoid (Submaxillary space)
The Floor of the mouth
Sublingual v.&a.
Frenulum of tongue
Sublingual gland
Submandibular
caruncle
Mucus-gingival line
Labial mucosa
Stone in Submandibular duct
Sailogram of Parotid
Salivary gland
Sailogram of Submandibular
Salivary gland
Palatoglossus m.
Styloglossus m.
Stylopharyngeus m.
Lingual n.
Deep Lingual a.
Dosrsal lingual a.
Genioglossus
Lingual artery
Submandibular duct
Hyoglossus m.
Sublingual a.
Hypoglossal n. CN XII &
Lingual vein
This area, is
In the Submandibular
Fossa
Trigeminal Nerve, Mandibular V3
TMJ
Myelohyoid n.
Inferior Alveolar n.
Lingual n.
Petrygomandibular raphe
Paralysis of CN XII on
one side causes the tongue
to deviate to Ipsilateral side
?
Submandibular duct
?
Lingual vein
?
Submandibular gland
a. superficial
b. deep
c. accessory lobes
Chorda tympani
Joining lingual n.
Pterygomandibular
raphe
Lingual N.
Submandibular duct
Submandibular ganglion
Occipital artery
Stylogossus m.
Genio-glossus m.
Myelohyoid m.
Hyoglossus m. separates between
Hypoglossal n. and Lingual a.
Palatopharyngeus m
Palatoglossus m.( vagus n.)
Oral cavity
Lingual n.
Glossopharyngeal n.
Ant. 2/3 of Tongue
Internal laryngeal n.
Paralysis of CN XII result in
Hypoglossal n. motor Ipsilateral deviation of tongue
Tongue Lymphatics
Superior Deep Cervical
Lymph nodes
Superior Deep Cervical
Lymph nodes
Inferior Deep Cervical
nodes
Inferior Deep Cervical
nodes
Submandibular
nodes
Submandibular
nodes
Submental
nodes
‰
Deglutition is pushing the bolus of food into the Pharynx
•Hyoid must be fixed
•The tongue rolled up against the hard palate
by Longitudinal intrinsic muscles
•Posterior of tongue depressed by Hyoglossus
and pull base anteriorly by Genioglossus
•Lateral sides will be elevated by Palatoglossus m.
•Soft palate contracts and harden against the
pharyngeal walls
‰
Swallowing- Movement of bolus of food
down Pharynx and Esophagus
S.Ph.C.
M.Ph.C.
I.Ph.C.
Pharyngobasilar membrane
Jugular Foramen
Internal Jugular vein&
CN-IX,X,XI
Stylopharyngus m.
& CN IX
CN XI
CN XII
Salpingopharyngus m.
Superior Cervical
Sympathetic Ganglion
Epiglottis
Post. Tongue
oropharynx
Piriform Fossa
Vagus nerve
Pharyngeal
Plexus from
IX &X
Paralysis of one side of soft palate result in deviation of uvula to Contralateral side
Torus tuberous &
Tubal lymphoid
Pharyngotympanic tube
Tensor veli palatini
Levator veli palatini
Salpingopharyngeus ms.
Palatine Tonsil
CN IX
Stylohyoid lig.
Valicular fossa
Lingual tonsil
Piriform fossa
Epiglottis
Pharyngeal Tonsil
( Adenoid)
Cleft Palate
Incisor Abscess
Squamous cell Papilloma
Fracture mandible
Parotid tumor
Superficial lobe
Parotid duct Fistula