Oct - Buddhist Churches of America

WHEEL
OF DHARMA
Official Publication of the Buddhist Churches of America
VOLUME 34
1710 Octavia Street, San Francisco, CA 94109
OCTOBER 2008
ISSUE 10
Message for G8 Hokkaido Towako Summit
World Conference of Religions for Peace
July 2, 2008
W
ith the G8 Hokkaido
Toyako Summit commencing on the seventh of this month, it is my hope
that we as representatives of the
world’s religions, who have gathered here in Sapporo, will be able
to take a stand in speaking out to
the summit leaders, as well as to
the rest of the world, in realizing
world peace and overcoming various global problems. The role of
religion for this purpose is not as
clear as that of economics or military. However, it is religion that
supports the foundation of human life and carries a great deal of
influence within our society. If we
mishandle our role, we would be
adding fuel to the fire of conflict.
We must, therefore, humbly
recognize the past mistakes of our
President’s
Message
Koshin Ohtani
religious institutions and make efforts to prevent any future conflicts by following the aims of
each of our religious traditions.
At the same time we must make
sure that religion is not misused
politically. It is also our duty to
provide leadership for a life of
moderation that enables all life,
from humans to flora and fauna,
to be cherished and to live peacefully.
First of all, I would like to call
attention to the need for a set of
ethical values which can be shared
by religious and non-religious
people. When it comes to conflicts, people’s attention is often
focused on the religious differences among the involved parties.
However, many religions can
share in most of the ethical values
for living in the world.
An example of such ethical
value is the “Universal Declaration of Human Responsibilities”
issued by the Inter-Action Council, which is an international association comprised of former presidents and prime ministers of
various countries.1 It was founded on the suggestion made after
his retirement by the late Japanese
Prime-minister Takeo Fukuda,
the father of the present Primeminister Yasuo Fukuda.
The Inter-Action Council issued the “Universal Declaration
of Human Responsibility” in
1997, based on the insights of
various religious traditions and
the wisdom of philosophers in
history. It advocated non-violence
and respect for life, justice and
I
harmony, truth and tolerance, as
well as mutual respect and cooperation. The declaration calls for
the necessity of balancing freedom and responsibility, and rights
and duties in the present era when
many parties and nations are concerned only for their own benefits. While maintaining the distinctiveness of each religion, we
must find common grounds in order to work together.
I would, next, like to consider
matters from the perspective of
actual reality. Although it is not
easy to unite or realize cooperation among the various religions,
I am convinced that we can find a
way to transcend religious differences when facing real problems
that are actually taking place in
society. For instance, the great
earthquake that occurred in Sichuan Province in May generated in
many people’s hearts a desire to
help, regardless of nationality or
religion
2
In the case of Iraqi War, however, those who are saddened by
the loss of life on their side are indifferent to the losses on the opposite side, and in fact, some even
applaud them. Yet many of the
victims are innocent civilians and
the weak. If we put aside the notions of friend or foe, we cannot
help but to feel pain in our hearts
when we witness this horrible reality. We must start by viewing
reality, such as disasters and conflicts, and famine and hunger,
without any prejudice.
It is a fact that those who are
powerless and the most vulnera-
ble sometimes protest by taking
extreme measures, which only delays in finding solutions. And the
plants and animals do not even
have ways to protest the damages
they incur. Thus, we as religious
leaders must take the lead in realizing this tragic reality, while political and business leaders must
admit the truth even if it is to
their disadvantage for them to do
so.
In Japan, the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were devastated
by atomic bombs, but rather than
seeking revenge, a broad-based
anti-nuclear movement was born.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki are still
continuing this movement by
leading the Mayors for Peace,
which is promoting the “2020 Vision Campaign” to eliminate nuclear weapons by the year 2020.3
Today, most of the southern
hemisphere is already nuclear
weapon free.4
At the 8th World Assembly of
the World Conference of Religions for Peace convened in Kyoto two years ago, the delegates issued a statement called the “Kyoto
Declaration on Confronting Violence and Advancing Shared Security.” The statement emphasized “shared security” because
placing effort only on protecting
one’s own life would merely make
the world more insecure. Therefore, the statement addressed issues such as poverty, starvation,
and diseases like HIV and AIDS
as serious problems, as well as violent acts themselves. It also calls
for us to acknowledge our com-
mon “vulnerabilities” and our
shared responsibility in responding to them. The issues of global
environment and nuclear weapons, in particular, are deeply related to the attitudes of each religious person, because on these
issues we have a common responsibility to our descendants that
transcends national boundaries.
When observing the tragic
events of the world from a Buddhist viewpoint, we sense a deep
connection between these matters
and human greed. Without desire, it would be impossible for
humans to live and for the world
to develop. However, if some indulge excessively in their desire which is called “greed ­-- conflicts
arise among people and also lead
to environmental pollution and
destruction of plants and animals.
Humans are, indeed, part of the
intricately interrelated global network!
I would like to conclude my
message with the words of Sakyamuni Buddha, the founder of
Buddhism. “Everyone fears violence, life is dear to everyone.”
(Dhammapada 130)
OHTANI Koshin
1 Universal Declaration of Human
Responsibilities, InterAction Council
1997 http://www.interactioncouncil.org
2 http://mayorsforpeace.orgljp
3 Non-profit Institution Peace Depot
http://www.peacedepot.org
4 http://www.wcrp.or.jp/wcrp/ generalassembl y.html
BCA Minsisters
By Billy H. Saeki
BCA President
n 2003 I wrote an article
published in the Wheel of
Dharma titled “Our BCA
Ministers -- A Vanishing Resource???.” I opened the article by stating that as of the
January 2003 there were fifty-four (54) ministers and 60
temples in BCA. And considering our larger temples
have two or more ministers
serving their Sanghas, the
number of temples without a
resident minister is greater
than 15. Well today there
are 53 ministers in BCA and
there are still 60 temples.
And in fact there are now 6
fellowships in BCA since the
Northampton Shin Buddhist
Sangha’s affiliation in 2006.
Although BCA has lost ministers through retirement and
resignations since 2003, new
ministers have also joined
BCA.
Earlier this year two ministers resigned; Rev. Kenn
Ryushin Koizumi to serve in
Hawaii and Rev. Shinjun Fukuma returned to Japan after
fulfilling his stay in the United States through his R-1
visa status. And two minis-
ters joined BCA this year:
Rev. Kojo Kakihara was assigned to the Los Angeles
Hompa Hongwanji Buddhist
Temple effective January 1,
2008 and Rev. Kurt Rye was
assigned to the Fresno Betsuin Buddhist Temple effective
April 10, 2008.
In my 2003 Wheel of
Dharma article, I stated that
by 2010 more than twenty
(20) of our active ministers
will be 70 years old or older,
the retirement age. At the
end of last year, five (5) BCA
ministers announced their
intention to retire. Four
BCA ministers are retiring
by the end of this year: Rev.
Seigen Yamaoka (Buddhist
Church of Oakland), Rev.
Eijun Kujo (San Mateo Buddhist Temple), Rev. Sensho
Inouye (Buddhist Church of
Fowler), and Rev. Shinji
Okada (Pasadena Buddhist
Church). Rev. George Matsubayashi (Los Angeles Hompa Hongwanji Buddhist
Temple) will be retiring in
early 2009.
Unfortunately we have
also experienced minister attrition through deaths. Rev.
Kyogyo Miura, resident minister of the Gardena Buddhist Church, passed away
on Sunday, August 31, 2008.
Continued on Page 6
PAGE WHEEL OF DHARMA
The scene from the epistle, “On White Ashes,” was played out at the
end of August when Rev. Kyogyo Miura, head minister at the Gardena
Buddhist Church, suddenly took ill and died of a massive aneurism, just
after celebrating his sixty-first birthday. A BCA sponsored funeral was
held at the temple on September 8, 2008.
The second law of
thermodynamics
and the Nembutsu
Rev. Miura, who was from Hyogo prefecture, after graduating Ryukoku
University, was appointed as a kaikyoshi with the BCA in August 1970.
During his thirty-eight years with the BCA, he has served the Cleveland,
Fowler, Hanford, Visalia and Gardena sanghas.
He is survived by wife Eiko, son William Anjin, daughter-in-law Kyoko,
and grandson Skyler.
Rev. Kyogyo Miura
A EULOGY
Rev. Charles Kenko Hasegawa
Buddhist Church of Stockton
I
first met Rev. Miura when we were both attending Ryukoku University studying to become Kaikyoshi, a little over forty years ago. During that time
he invited me to his home temple in Himeji many
times where I enjoyed his parents’ wonderful hospitality. During those good ole’ days we spent a lot of
time together studying, working at the Hongwanji,
socializing, on occasion double-dating with him doing the driving around Kyoto and Osaka. Since he
was headed for the BCA he made a point to practice
his English conversation. His positive energy uplifted the mood of the staff at the International and Affiliated Organizations departments.
That was forty years ago. And even after all these
years have gone by, I still smile when I think of Miura Sensei at his best. He was different, unique, funny, and extremely likable. However, he could be serious when the time was appropriate. Before leaving
for the States to become a BCA minister, I had a
chance to talk with him about what the future might
hold for a Jodo Shinshu minister in Hawaii where I
was going back to, and the mainland United States
where he was headed. Even though I was way older
than he was, I was still in the formative stages of
learning the religious teachings while he was ready
to jump into the American Jodo Shinshu Buddhist
community very soon. As young as he was, he was a
trusted advisor. I’ll always recall his encouragement
that as long as I understand that Amida’s Primal
Vow is meant for me alone, the rest will follow.
There is nothing to worry about. I still remember
this piece of advice he gave me, in all sincerity, before his departure to America.
A lot could be said of him that would bring
amusing thoughts, and a lot could be said of some
serene moments, but for me, what strikes me as being a constant in Miura Sensei’s life was his unflappable desire to share with others his understanding
and appreciation of the Great Compassion itself.
My mother recalls how spirited he was when he first
touched down in Honolulu on his way to the mainland, and that same spirit amazingly remained with
him throughout his life as a kaikyoshi.
In Gassho
Fujinkai Exchange Trip 2008
By Courtney Kazumi Sugihara
Buddhist Church of Ogden
M
y summer was going as many other teenagers summer would go, when one day I
received a phone call that I could be one
of two students to go to Japan on an exchange program sponsored by the Federation of Buddhist
Women’s Association. When I heard this, I was so
excited and very nervous. I’d never been a part of an
exchange program before and was worried about
communication and afraid of doing something that
would embarrass me or my church, the Ogden Buddhist Temple.
For a few weeks prior to the trip there were many
emails going back and forth between Ruth Kawashima-Ogden Buddhist Temple BWA president, the
wonderful lady that selected Jennifer Fong and I for
this once in a lifetime experience—and Rev. Ronald
Kobata, executive secretary to the BCA-FBWA.
During these email conversations I learned that Sensei’s daughter, Tabitha was working part-time at the
Hongwanji, and would be there to assist us. That
was a relief.
Jennifer and I departed Salt Lake City for Osaka, Japan on July 16th. We had a brief stopover in
San Francisco where we were greeted by Rev. Kobata.
During the long flight Jen and I practiced some
“Nihongo.”
When we finally landed at the Kansai International Airport in Osaka, we were warmly met by
eight very excited Fujinkai representatives with very
cute welcome signs. When we were greeted, everything was in Japanese and Jennifer and I were so
overwhelmed. The only word I could remember was
“wakarimasen.” That was a mistake when I said it,
because everyone began to speak to me in Japanese
all at once. Jennifer and I had to repeat, “English,
English. Wakarimasen.” When the Fujinkai members realized how limited our Japanese was, one of
the ladies, began to speak to us in English. I tried to
speak as much Japanese as I knew, but even the few
single words didn’t help much in the conversations.
All the members were very kind and tried to help us
learn some Japanese. Not knowing Japanese was the
hardest part about the trip. I tried to learn as much
OCTOBER 2008
From left: Shizuka Nagai, Jennifer Fong, Courtney
Sugihara, Rev. Jun Joetsu.
Japanese as I could - I wrote some words down in
my notebook so that I could remember them.
We finally met Tabitha on the second day. She
picked us up to attend the 6:00 a.m. service at the
Hongwanji. We spent the day shopping and going
on tours, where she translated for us. I couldn’t be
more grateful to the people who help translate, and
even took Jen and I around the cities to site see and
enjoy the beautiful, historical sites in Japan.
As the days flew by, Jen and I met so many kind
people in Japan. Everyone was very friendly and
would try to make us feel as at home as possible. My
favorite place was the Japanese garden, Shukkeien
Garden, in Hiroshima. I love to take pictures, and
the outdoors, so I really enjoyed the beauty of Japan. I also appreciated the many historical sites we
visited. The history in all of the temples amazed
me.
Until this trip I had never seen how the Japanese
people live on a day to day basis. Home-staying with
the Nagai and Otoyama families enabled me to get a
better idea of living in Japan. Apart from the ka
(mosquitoes) that seemed to have a taste for American blood. During the home stay, our new friend
Saori, a friend of Shizuka Nagai performed a traditional Japanese dance called Yosakoi at Saori and
Shizuka’s college. Also during our stay with the NaContinued on Page 6
By Rev. Naoki Kono
Seabrook Buddhist Temple
T
he second law of thermodynamics in modern
physics teaches us that everything in the universe eventually goes to a disordered state (chaos). That is, temperature goes to
the ultra cold temperature of absolute zero and all matter goes to
the destination where it will be
destroyed.
However, life will attempt to
maintain its existence by taking
any means necessary to avoid being destroyed. We take nourishment through food and our
body’s functions continually
work to prevent and cure disease.
These are the functions of life.
Despite our best efforts, our bodily functions will corrode with senescence and eventually we all
face death.
If we observe life naturally
working for its own survival and
constructively working against
being destroyed it will teach us
the deep meaning of life.
However, Buddhism teaches
us not only the way to live in this
world; it can also emancipate us
from the suffering of endless
transmigration of birth and
Continued on Page 5
OCTOBER 2008 Campaign
BCA News
Campaign BCA
– The 21st Century
Reaches $15 Million!
By Robert Noguchi, BCA Fundraising Manager
Campaign BCA – The 21st Century has surpassed
$15 million in gifts and pledges! I’d like to thank everyone who has supported the campaign and those who have
continued to give above and beyond their original
pledge!
At this time, I’d like to remind everyone of the original five elements that make up the campaign:
• Creating a Thriving Jodo Shinshu Buddhist
Ministry
• Creating BCA’s new Institute of Buddhist Studies and the Jodo Shinshu Center
• Strengthening Jodo Shinshu Buddhism in America
• Promoting Membership Outreach in
the Community
• Ensuring BCA’s Self-Reliance
We’ve come so far in the past 5.5 years, but still have
much to go! Once again, thank you very much and may
we keep moving forward towards our goal!
HURRY:
WHEEL OF DHARMA
PAGE Inaugural IMOP
By Rev. Kiyonobu Kuwahara,
JSC Hongwanji
Branch Office,
Coordinator IMOP and
English Correspondence
Course
O
n Sept. 12, there
was an opening
ceremony of a
new training program for
kaikyoshi minister at the
Jodo Shinshu Center.
This program is called
IMOP
(International
Ministerial Orientation
Program); in the fourmonth program, participants will be involved in
various activities, such as
lectures by ministers and
temple members, special
classes at IBS, intensive
English classes for one
month, social activities,
dialogues with other religious traditions and so
forth, so that they can actually see how the Jodo
Shinshu in the U.S. today
is and gain basic knowl-
From left: Rev. Hideto Sakamoto, Rev. Tomo Hojo,
Rev. Daishun Uyeyama, Socho Koshin Ogui, Rev.
Tomohito Imura, Rev. Katsuya Kusunoki
edge as a kaikyoshi minister. Four Japanese candidates signed up for the
first enrollment of the
IMOP.
In the opening ceremony, message from Governor General Kosho Fujikawa was read by Rev.
Daishun Uyeyama, who
attended the ceremony as
a representative of the
Hongwanji. Then, Rev.
Uyeyama delivered his
message in both Japanese
and English. In his message, he told the four participants to become a
minister who can flexiblely work on various issues in the modern society where many different
values mingle. He, who
visited the Jodo Shinshu
Center for the first time,
also showed his great expectations that the Center would be the hub to
positively transmit the
Jodo Shinshu teaching to
the world. Followed by
Rev. Uyeyama’s messages, Bishop Koshin Ogui
gave an encouraging message to the “future” kaikyoshi ministers.
Tomo Hojo, one of
the participants, comments, “In this program,
I will study as much as
possible from ministers,
who are actually devoted
to the missionary activities in the field, and consider what kind of minister is wanted. I hope that,
based on what I will learn
through this program, I
want to be such a kaikyoshi minister who enjoys
the teaching of Nembutsu with many people.”
A limited number of raffle tickets are now available for the BIG!
Buddhist Churches of America
JODO SHINSHU CENTER
The 21st Century
GRAND RAFFLE
First Prize
$12,000
Second Prize
Third Prize
Fourth Prize
Fifth Prize
$4,000
$1,500
$1,000
$500
Drawing Saturday, February 28, 2009 at the
BCA National Council Meeting in Irvine, California
Your Raffle ticket donation will support the Buddhist Churches of America (BCA) Jodo Shinshu
Center in Berkeley, California as it reaffirmed and refined its core mission to promote the
Buddha, Dharma and Sangha, as well as to propagate the Jodo Shinshu teachings. BCA’s vision
for the future calls for Jodo Shinshu Buddhism to stand forward as a major religious tradition
in the United States - with the Jodo Shinshu Center now in full operation, that will be
recognized by the general public and embraced by a multi-ethnic Sangha.
Donate by Credit Card (See website)
– Need not be present to win –
A donation of $20.00 per ticket is requested.
(Checks can be made out to BCA Raffle)
All tickets must be purchased within the state of California
My Gift to Campaign BCA—The 21st Century
For more information, contact the BCA Campaign Office
at 510-809-1453,BCA-The
or e-mail info@bcacampaign.org
c/o Campaign
21st Century,
2140 Durant Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94704
□ YES! I’m enclosing is my/our special gift of:
( ) $1,500, ( ) $3,000, ( ) $5,000*, ( ) $10,000,
Letter from Governor General Fujikawa
It is of great joy to join you here today, as we observe the launching of the new International Ministerial Orientation Program (IMOP) here at the Jodo
Shinshu Center. On behalf of the Hongwanji, I would
like to express my deepest appreciation to the Buddhist Churches of America and everyone who has contributed their countless time and effort into making
this program possible.
As publicly announced, the 750th Memorial for
Shinran Shonin will be observed in 2011. In doing so,
the Hongwanji has initiated a Long-range Development Project during a twelve year span beginning in
2005, in which the focus in on promoting the worldwide propagation of the Jodo Shinshu teaching.
In this diversified global society, one of the tasks
for Hongwanji is to nurture one to become eager in
the learning and propagation of the Nembutsu teaching. Among those aspiring to become ministers, there
is a growing interest among those from abroad. Therefore, it is important that each overseas district cooperate in helping to foster these ministerial prospects.
The nurturing of human resources has frequently
been raised for discussion during the World Jodo Shinshu Coordinating Council Meeting. With this program being undertaken, we anticipate that it will be an
effective system in educating and transmitting the
teaching.
It is also of great expectations that the program will
( ) $_______ other amount to Campaign BCA - The 21st Century.
□ YES! I would like to pledge a total of:
( ) $1,500, ( ) $3,000, ( ) $5,000*, ( ) $10,000,
( ) $_______ other amount over a period of ________(1 to 5 years)
2008 FALL LECTURE SERIES
at the Jodo Shinshu Center
to Campaign BCA - The 21st Century.
Check enclosed, made payable to Campaign BCA - The 21st Century.
*A gift or pledge of $5,000 or more will permanently place your name on the donor wall,
located in the lobby of the Jodo Shinshu Center in Berkeley.
Temple
For more information, please contact your temple representative, your local minister, or
BCA Campaign Manager Robert Noguchi at the Jodo Shinshu Center at (510) 809-1453,
or e-mail info@bcacampaign.org.
September 12, 2008
Bishop Kosho Fujikawa
Governor General
Jodo Shinshu Hongwanji-ha
The Buddhist Churches of America
CENTER FOR BUDDHIST EDUCATION (CBE) presents the
Name Address
City
State
Zip
( )
_______________
Phone
Email
not only serve the purpose in nurturing ministerial
hopefuls, but will also be able to open its doors as a
training facility for Japanese ministers to gain a greater appreciation of the teaching from a global perspective.
With the commencement of the International
Ministerial Orientation Program, you will be the first
class enrolled in this 3-month program which will run
through December 19th. Along with English classes at
the English Studies Institute (ESI), you will also attend lectures at the Institute of Buddhist Studies (IBS),
participate in Sunday services and other temple activities, socialize with temple members as well as those
from different religious backgrounds, and become involved with volunteer and other community activities.
Here in Berkeley, it is my hope that you will deepen
your understanding of the Jodo Shinshu teaching actively as you strive to become overseas ministers who
will help in spreading the Nembutsu teaching throughout the world.
In conclusion, I would like to send my best regard
to the Jodo Shinshu Center staff and ask for your continued support and guidance.
TUESDAY, OCT 7 TH & 21ST
7 - 8:30 P.M.
BUDDHISM 101
Guest Speaker: REV.HARRY BRIDGE
Buddhist Church of Lodi
MONDAY, OCTOBER 13TH
7 - 8:30 P.M.
SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA AND SHINRAN:
How Shinran Discovered the Truth of Shakyamuni Buddha’s
Teachings in the Pure Land
Guest Speaker: REV. ICHIJO OGAWA, Ph.D.
Director, Shinshu Otani-ha Research Institute for Shin Buddhist
Studies, Kyoto, Japan
Professor Emeritus and Former President, Otani University,
Kyoto, Japan
FREE TO THE PUBLIC - DONATIONS GRATEFULLY ACCEPTED
Parking available in lot adjacent to the Center. Enter from Durant
Avenue.
For more information, please contact us at 510.809.1460
Email: Director@cbe-bca.org / Website: http://www.cbe-bca.org
PAGE WHEEL OF DHARMA
OCTOBER 2008
Mottainai or am I
a Greedy Person?
YAC Hawaii
Retreat
Reflections I
The following article was written by four YAC
participants who attended the YAC Hawaii Retreat. Two stories are on this page, another one
on page 5, and the last one on page 6.
By Brooke Muranaka
Sacramento Betsuin
W
hen I found out
that the BCA
YAC youth minister’s assistants were travelling to Hawaii to share and
learn the Dharma I was
overwhelmed with feelings
of emotion. I felt honored
to go and extremely thankful for everyone’s support.
Excitement and happiness
were amongst my first feelings when I landed in Oahu
and saw all my friends.
Once we began meeting
various speakers and reverends my eagerness soon
transformed into nervousness. I was unsure about
how much I would be able
to relate to speakers that
grew up in such a different
lifestyle than mine. Would
our view on the Dharma be
the same? But those
thoughts quickly disappeared once the lectures
and introductions began.
One of the reverends
who met with us was Rev.
Kevin Kuniyuki, a supportive and kind hearted man
who was more than happy
to share his Jodo Shinshu
experience with us. He gave
us examples on how he is
able to find Buddhism in
everyday life, such as in
movies and various types of
media. He told us how everyone is able to relate to
the Dharma in different
ways and encouraged us to
see the Dharma in everyday
life as well. He was very
supportive and made us feel
more than welcomed at
Wahiwa. Thank you Rev.
Kuniyuki for your warm
hospitality and making us
feel at home.
While in Waialua, we
were able to meet with Dr.
George Tanabe. I will admit that I was intimidated
by his vast knowledge of
Buddhism, but deeply appreciated his message to us.
He encouraged us to find
Buddhism and make it our
own. To make Buddhism
our own and to find out
our own meaning of Jodo
Shinshu was an idea that
never occurred to many of
us before. In addition to his
current ideas he brought us
Waialua Hongwanji with Dr. George Tanabe
Rev. Taniguchi with the luggage his parents gave him for
his journey to America.
By Rev. Z. Taniguchi,
Buddhist Temple of Alameda
C
YAC Youth at the Wahiawa Hongwanji. The men in the
front row are, from left: David Fujimoto (IBS), Rev. Kevin
Kuniyuki, Yukio Kitagawa (president), Marcus Oshiro (Hawaii state representative).
a very special lotus. He explained the Buddhist teaching
of
impermanence
through this rare flower.
We were able to watch the
transformation of “Brandon” the lotus throughout
the rest of our trip. Thanks
to Dr. George Tanabe for
such a beautiful gift and enlightening session.
Rev. Kuniyuki and Dr.
George
Tanabe
were
amongst our many teachers
who opened our eyes to
Jodo Shinshu in Hawaii.
The BCA YAC YMA’s were
able to experience a once in
a life time trip to a beautiful place filled with wonderful people. We accomplished our own goal of
sharing and learning the
Dharma each day that we
were there. Thank you Hawaii and thank you to everyone who made this trip
possible.
YAC Hawaii Retreat Reflections II
Nighttime activities
By Courtney Kashiwagi
Sacramento Buddhist Church
D
uring our stay in
Oahu, we stayed
at the Waialua
Hongwanji Mission a few
nights. Waialua is sort of
located in the middle of nowhere, and in order to get
to the temple, we had to
drive on an unpaved dirt
road. To keep us entertained at night, one of our
advisors, Jim Shimomaye,
came prepared with games
for us to play. These activities were always entertaining and contributed a lot to
the countless memories that
we all made together on the
trip.
One of the most memorable games was called,
“The winds are blowing
if…” To play this game, we
set-up a circle of chairs, and
one person was left to stand
in the middle of the circle.
The person in the middle
would then say something
like, “The winds are blowing if you are in college.”
Then all the people were in
college would get-up from
their chair and run to any
other available chair that
was not next to them, leaving the person who was the
slowest to react in the middle of the circle. As this
game went on, the phrases
got more outrageous, and
we all got more physical
with each other as we battled for an available chair.
At the end of the game, we
were all laughing really
hard, and sweating really
bad.
Another
night
at
Waialua, some of us decided to go ghost hunting. We
had been asking many local
people about ghost stories,
and many of them told us
that the area around
www.bcayouth.org
Waialua was haunted. So
around midnight, we went
out looking for some ghosts,
fully equipped with flashlights and a video camera.
Everyone was scared out of
their minds as we clung to
each other and walked away
from the temple and into
the darkness. As we were
straining our eyes in the
dark, we saw something
move in the distance, and
we ran back to the temple
screaming because we all
thought there was something out there. It turned
out to only be a dog. Later,
as we looked back on the
footage from the video camera, our ghost hunting expedition ended up looking
something like the Blair
Witch Project.
herry blossoms in our temple garden bloomed
again so beautifully this year. Although the three
cherry trees are still small, each tree bloomed so
nicely, and I enjoyed the short season of pretty cherry
blossoms.
The kitchen renovation of the minister’s residence has
now started. When Mr. Kent Yoshiwara and Mr. Troy
Taira told me the starting date of the renovation, and that
my wife and I have to move everything from the kitchen,
I thought I could finish the job in a few hours. When we
cleaned out each shelf, I found so much china and many
new boxes; I didn’t know I have so much china. I bought
many cardboard boxes, but they were not enough, and
soon the living room was full of these boxes. I don’t have
enough space to just freely walk around. I was surprised
how I kept so many things in a small kitchen. I found
many gift boxes, tea sets, china and home-made jams.
While I was taking down these items, one by one, I
thought of the lives of ants. Until today, I collected
things, one by one, and without realizing it. I kept so
many articles.
In a way, this is a good time to do a major clean up of
all things in the kitchen. So, I started to select out necessary items to keep. But, when I opened a box, it is hard to
give anything away. I felt mottainai to throw this or that
away. It was hard to give them away. Then, I thought
about my greedy heart. Though I feel mottainai heart, my
greedy heart is dominating and making new attachments,
and I am creating more problems in cleaning up the kitchen.
Forty years ago, I came to the U.S.A. with just two
suitcases. But, forty years later, I have so many things
which I am holding onto. This is only the kitchen portion
of my belongings. Because of city regulations, I have to
take down a shelf in the garage. Again, I have to move
many boxes, and in moving them I saw the two suitcases
which I brought forty years ago from Japan. I smile realizing I am a Buddhist minister sharing Buddha Dharma
teachings about passion and greed. With mottainai feelings, I received a good lesson about the greediness in my
life. When I saw the two big suitcases, which my parents
bought for me, I recalled the scene when my parents saw
me off at Kobe, Japan. Seeing the suitcases I realized my
parents’ warm hearts. I know that I don’t use them anymore, but I can never throw them away. Holding onto
my passion and greed, I will close my life. Truly, I cannot
eliminate one hundred percent of my passion greediness
during my life. But, here, I am still experiencing Amida’s
Nembutsu so gratefully.
I need a major clean up of my entire house before I
close my life.
With Gassho
May Peace and Tranquility
Prevail Throughout the World
OCTOBER 2008 WHEEL OF DHARMA
What is
Buddhism
to Me?
My Dharma
Friend, Rev.
Toshio Murakami
By Rev. LaVerne Sasaki,
minister emeritus
Rev. Jundo Gregory Gibbs
Oregon Buddhist Temple
I
wish to emphasize the subjectivity of my comments here. In
the Jodo Shinshu school of
Buddhism we are sometimes too
careful to make sure that comments are seen as being of our own
opinion. This sometimes creates
the false impression that nothing is
true outside of a subjective view of
it. Even so, in this place, I want to
emphasize the fact that this is my
view.
“A Religion of Reality” – my
erstwhile friend Ken Schultz once
described Buddhism as a “religion
of reality.” I recognized right away
that this was a rather inarticulate
way of saying something I agreed
with. As I thought more and more
about how to improve the grammar of the statement I realized that
its very inarticulate form was part
of its charm. Sort of like John Lennon’s line “I am He, as you are He
as you are me, as we are altogether.” To put the point more clearly
would be counter-productive. Reality is sacred and the Buddhist religion has a reverent attitude toward Reality itself and especially
toward all living.
“What Goes Around Comes
Around” – Ever since this colloquialism became current Buddhist
teachers have been insisting that it
is not an adequate explanation of
karma. I think it is, as long as we
also recognize the fluidity and inter-penetrative nature of personal
identity. Whatever we put our
there comes around to someone
and that someone is not really a
stranger. I saw half of a two part
French movie almost twenty years
ago. It was called “Manon of the
Springs.” The plot goes like this: A
French guy is in love with a woman who sails to Africa at the outbreak of World War II. (I’ll call
him Jean) She mails him a letter
telling him that she is pregnant.
He never gets the letter. She takes
some poison to cause an abortion
but the child is born anyway,
hunch-backed and with a limp.
Thirty years later the young man
burdened with birth defects moves
back to France and tries to farm on
the property next door to Jean.
Jean and his nephew cleverly stone
second law
Continued from Page 2
death.
The highest way to become
emancipated from the transmigration is to become a Buddha through
the Nembutsu because the Nembutsu was made by the Buddha and
is given to us by the Buddha.
Is the way to emancipation
open and assured for us? Yes, it is!
But there is something blocking
our way to emancipation – us! We
block ourselves! We essentially
have behavior of refusing the way.
PAGE up the spring on the property so
the newly immigrated stranger cannot make a living on the property.
Jean wants the property to be in
the family. When the stranger goes
bankrupt he plans to buy the property for the nephew. The young
man falls to his death from a boulder while searching for water.
Much later, after more suffering
for everyone, Jean discovers that
the young man who fell to his
death searching for the water he
had obscured (to keep the property
in the family) was his own son. As
our founder, Shinran Shonin, said
“all being are or have been in past
or will be in future lives our mother, our father, our sister our brother.” What goes around definitely
comes around. Consequences of
cold-hearted behavior may not fall
on your body in this life. Even so,
if we put harm into this world it
will harm someone and everyone is
part of our family.
“I am what I am and that’s all
that I am, for now” – Popeye was
rather defensive. My re-write of his
code of living is a little more hopeful. It is important to accept oneself with all the attendant limitations. If we try to save the world
we will discover rather quickly that
we lack the necessary resources.
Even so, the Buddhist religion provides a hopeful perspective in
which we have the potential to
grow into persons of limitless wisdom and boundless compassion
who joyfully, even playfully, assist
others. I believe that this fulfillment will be mine one day through
the infusion of light into my life
from that source we understand to
be Amida Buddha. Our life is informed by perspectives which are
of the moment, short-term, medium-term and long-term. In the
long-term I am convinced that I
am “on a train whose inevitable
destination is Enlightenment.”
[Thanks to Rev. LaVerne Sasaki
for this line.] In the short-term I
remind myself of facts such as that
on a hot day the temperature will
drop as the night progresses. I try
to avoid thinking of the mediumterm prospects too much. Focusing
on right now and the long run
keeps me happier than I otherwise
would be.
Rennyo Shonin expressed our behavior as “Putting a lid on the
mind”.
To clear away our condition of
“Putting a lid on the mind” is also
the Buddha’s activity and the
meaning of practicing the Nembutsu teachings. Whether or not a
Buddhist is able to understand the
meaning of the Nembutsu deeply
then becomes a crucial issue.
The Nembutsu is our life-practice surpassing living and dying.
Namo Amida Butsu
I
t saddens me to again bid a
fond physical farewell to a
fellow Dharma minister
friend. The passing of Rev.
Toshio Murakami on May 26
(age 76) while still actively
serving the Pearl City Hongwanji Mission Temple in Oahu,
Hawaii, is another major loss
for our Nembutsu propagation.
I was able to see Rev. and Mrs.
Murakami in Pearl City just
this past March, so the shock of
the truth of impermanence
seemed more real to me. When
he came to pick me up for his
church’s seminar, he seemed
quite physically frail in comparison to my previous contact
with him. Sensei was a man of
short physical stature and
scholarly appearance but with
much energy and humor. A
dinner photo I had taken with
Rev. and Mrs. Murakami shows
him with palms together; he
appears to be sincerely telling
the world that he is happy to
live and ready to die.
My personal friendship with
Murakami Sensei began in the
1950’s during my student years
in Tokyo when he was the
winner at a special “Bukkyo
Eigo Kenkyukai Hanashi
Taikai”(English-language
Buddhist Research Association
oratorical contest); I was one of
the judges. Although I do not
recall the content of his speech,
his title was easy to remember
“Peanuts.” From that time on, I
often affectionately called him
“Peanuts Sensei.” Through his
proficient linguistic abilities, he
became one of the most fluent
bi-lingual speaking ministers
from Japan.
As a son
of a minister
of Eishoji Temple in Fukuoka,
Japan, he came to the United
States (Berkeley, California) as
his dream-come-true mission in
what he stated was, “the new
world, as a messenger of Jodo
Shin Nembutsu Dharma.” He
wrote, in part, some of his
thoughts in a collection of
essays by Jodo Shinshu ministers in America entitled “Insight”(1980). His essay “We
Died for Their Tomorrow,”
pointed out with actual examples of the feeling of dying
soldiers in times of war that we
can live in some semblance of
peace because of the sacrifice of
countless others:
“We must remember the
wishes and aspirations of those
who sacrificed their lives for
peace and happiness. We must
not negate this yearning. . . The
yearning for perfection and the
way opened by the Bodhisattvas
coming together in the mindof-enlightenment and manifest
as Namu Amida Butsu , called
Nembutsu.”
Rev. Murakami’s joy and
dedication to the Dharma not
only reached the many churches
that he had served in the
Buddhist Churches of America,
Buddhist Churches of Canada
(as Bishop), Honpa Hongwanji
Mission of Hawaii and even to
far-away Australia, but most
importantly to his two daughters, Mari and Rumi. The
wisdom and compassion of
Amida Buddha (through
Nembutsu), in particular, was a
great source of peace and
comfort to Mari who became
visually impaired at the youth-
ful age of 17. Rumi expressed,
in her eulogy at Sensei’s funeral
service in Honolulu Betsuin,
these touching words: It was as
if she (Mari) was not alone, with
Dad walking into the darkness
with her. During his final days
before passing, he told us, ‘Mari,
anta ichiban wakaru (Mari,
because of your blindness, you
understand the best)….I feel like
I am approaching physical
incapacity but I see myself
mindfully and spiritually
awakened with Namo Amida
Bultsu.” These words alone do
not fully express Rev. Murakami’s life dedication to spreading
the Dharma, but it is a glimpse
into his very personal life of
Nembutsu.
I will also cherish the many
personal memories and friendship with him…his likeable and
often humorous side, everything
from his first oratorical speech
in Tokyo, the many meetings
we attended together (often as
roommates), the fun and frolic
of ministers’ post-meeting
dinner parties, his eloquent bilingual sermons and lectures
and many other happy, funny
and ordinary times, too numerous to mention.
In remembrance of Rev.
Murakami’s lifetime dedication
as a minister in many places, I
liberally paraphrase the title
from his Insight essay from “We
Died for Their Tomorrow” to
“You Lived for Our Tomorrow.”
I will miss you, my dear
zenchishiki (good Dharma
teacher) friend.
Namo Amida Butsu.
Rev. LaVerne Senyo Sasaki
YAC Hawaii Retreat Reflections III
By Brandon Yanari
Palo Alto Buddhist Temple
Tobans A, B, C:
Developing toban groups in
Hawaii helped all of us learn
about one another and enable us
to better work as a team. In each
of the Tobans A, B, and C, we
took on days for cooking and
leading services throughout the
week. Some of the meals we
made include chili and rice, tacos, somen and soba, and grill-
ing hamburgers and hot dogs
under video camera light on
Sand Beach. For services, the
onaijin duties were divided up,
and the tobans worked together
to put on service. Most of us got
to practice kansho, doshi, eigakari, and all of us gave enlightening Dharma talks.
The respective tobans also
had cleaning duties, for example, after our stays at Waialua
Buddhist Temple and the Buddhist Study Center. Although
some groups (cough cough Toban B) had to work it seemed a
lot more than the others, we all
learned the valuable skill of
teamwork, and realized how interdependence was especially important during our trip.
Brandon the Lotus
Dr. George Tanabe presented us with a beautiful lotus flower when he came and gave our
group a talk. He grew it himself
and discussed how something as
lovely as the lotus flower can be
grown in comparatively disgust-
ing muddy or swampy areas.
The group later named the lotus
“Brandon” more by coincidence
than symbolism.
After that day, Brandon traveled with us to our other destinations, and many of our pictures after that included Brandon
in them. We took very good
care of him and grew to cherish
the bright pink petals of this
pretty flower.
On the third day since Brandon bloomed, a gust of wind unfortunately blew the petals right
off of Brandon, and although we
were warned that the lotus does
not live long, many of us were
devastated and saddened by
Brandon’s passing. Lauren led a
memorial service for Brandon
that morning, and we all chanted Sambujo in dedication to
Brandon the Lotus. We experienced the lesson of impermanence that day, as we had to let
go of our attachments to Brandon and accept his passing as reality. We all miss him dearly.
PAGE WHEEL OF DHARMA
New Dharma YAC Hawaii Retreat
School
Reflections
IV
Service Book
Published
The Tacoma Buddhist Temple has
published a new Dharma School
Servicebook. The project goals were
to update the wording and verses of
English gathas; translate Japanese
gathas into “singable” English, and
add new gathas. The 108 page
book includes 42 gathas, along
with readings, sutras, translations
and other important teachings.
The book is available at $7 a copy.
Inquiries can be made to: Mrs.
Michiko or Rev. Kosho Yukawa,
phone: (253) 943-9393, email:
kmyukawa@comcast.net
President’s
Message
Continued from Front Page
We express our heartfelt condolences to the Miura family.
In 2003 I stated that the Ad
Hoc Committee on Ministerial
Shortage made over 40 recommendations to the 2003 BCA
National Council. These recommendations were grouped
into the following four categories:
• Understand and remove
the barriers to become a minister
• Make Buddhist education
an everyday event
• Regard our youth as our
most important resource
• Ensure that our ministers
and their families have adequate compensation and benefits
Have we made progress in
these areas? I believe we have,
but not to the extent we would
like.
Understand and remove
the barriers to become a minister
Socho Koshin Ogui has
made great strides in clarifying,
developing, and publicizing the
alternate paths to become a
Kaikyoshi minister in BCA. He
has documented the requirements for Tokudo, Kyoshi and
Kaikyoshi. He has clarified the
role of the Institute of Buddhist Studies (IBS) as both a
seminary and graduate school
of the Buddhist tradition but
specializing in Contemporary
Shin Buddhist Studies. And he
has provided guidance to the
BCA Center for Buddhist Education (CBE) to offer not only
instruction in the Dharma, but
to also provide training in rituals and practice. IBS and CBE
complement each other.
Socho Ogui has been a vocal advocate of the Ministers
Assistant Program. Minister
Assistants are trained by their
resident ministers, attend semi-
Piper Toyama
lecturing in the
Pacific Buddhist
Academy’s classroom.
By Kendall Kosai, White River Buddhist Temple
On Aug. 10, following the English service at the Hawaii Betsuin we met with Piper
Toyama, Head of School of the Pacific Buddhist Academy, the only Buddhist based
high school in the United States. He explained how the fundamentals of Buddhism are
incorporated into the curriculum and administration policies. Mr. Toyama explained
that the school uses non-traditional schooling practices and is geared towards college
preparation. His presentation gave us a fresh view of the relevancy of Buddhism in
American life and culture.
nars and take courses offered by
the CBE and the IBS. They can
perform many ministerial duties under the guidance of our
Kaikyoshi ministers. The Minister Assistants represent a pool
of possible future BCA ministers. Today there are 51 Minister’s Assistants in BCA; eleven
received their Kyoshi certification last year.
Make Buddhist Education
an everyday event
“To Promote the Buddha,
Dharma, and Sangha as well as
to Propagate the Jodo Shinshu
Teachings” is the mission statement of the Buddhist Churches
of America. Whether you recite
the Nembutsu daily; whether
you practice oshoko before
your family obutsudan; whether you gassho before and after
every meal, Buddhist education
should be part of our everyday
lives. I borrow a quote from
Rev. Jerry Hirano (Salt Lake
Buddhist Temple): “By integrating the teachings into our
lives and acting to the best of our
abilities as followers of the teachings, Buddhism comes alive”.
The availability of American Jodo Shinshu lectures, seminars, workshops and conferences addressing Buddhism is
increasing. BCA has expanded
its educational focus as well as
partnered with others to provide greater access and availability to the Dharma. Both
IBS and CBE have offered
many learning opportunities.
IBS is offering online courses
and CBE under the sponsorship of Hongwanji together
with the Honpa Hongwanji
Mission of Hawaii and the
Buddhist Churches of Canada
has developed a Jodo Shinshu
Correspondence Course.
Socho Ogui has requested
every temple to form a Buddhist Education Committee to
develop a Buddhist education
program to make local opportunities available for sharing
the teachings.
Regard our Youth as our
most important resource
The Western Young Buddhist League (WYBL) with
high school and college level
members had over 1300 people
attended the WYBL Conference held in Sacramento in
1956. WYBL had over 650
members in 1991. In recent
years membership has declined
and at the June 2008 National
Board meeting, a request was
made to review the viability of
WYBL as a national organization..
On a brighter note the BCA
Youth Advocacy Committee
has been working to connect
with our high school teenagers
and college-age young adults.
They have held retreats and
summits to engage them. This
year they sponsored an exciting
trip to Hawaii where they visited temples and the Buddhist
Study Center. The attendees
participated in obon festivals
and held sunrise and sunset services on the beach.
The BCA National Buddhist Committee on Scouting
held their Nembutsu Camporee at the San Francisco State
College in 2007; the event was
hosted by Bay District. Over
150 scouts and adult leaders
participated. The camporee’s
theme was “Buddhism: A Peace
of the Puzzle.” The next camporee will be hosted by Southern
District in 2009. The committee continues to process the
Buddhist Scouting awards
(Sangha, Metta, Padma, Karuna and Bodhi awards); 53
awards were issued in 2007.
Ensure that our ministers
and their families have adequate compensation and benefits
With ever increasing costs
for medical care, the BCA Ministerial Affairs Committee proposed a resolution to provide a
subsidy for supplemental medical insurance. The average
monthly premium is approximately $70; a Supplemental
Health Care Insurance Premi-
um Subsidy (SHIPS) program
was adopted by this year’s National Council. The program
provides a subsidy for retired
ministers and their spouses.
The subsidy starts at $25 per
month for each qualifying individual and gradually increases
over the next 10 years.
The BCA Insurance Committee researched Long Term
Care insurance coverage for our
ministers. Long term care insurance is an insurance product
which pays for long term care
services in many settings such
as home, nursing home, assisted living facility and adult day
care facility. People may elect
to buy long term care insurance
so they will not deplete their
savings should they need long
term care services. The committee has offered our ministers and in fact all BCA members information regarding
Long Term Care Insurance.
These two examples are
small steps to address the welfare of our ministers.
Overall the population in
the United States is aging. People 65 years or older represented 12.4% of the U.S. population in the year 2000, but are
expected to grow to be 20% of
the population by 2030. Significant numbers of Baby Boomers are reaching retirement age
and our ministers are no exception. Fortunately, many of our
retired ministers are informally
helping their local temples.
Several have been asked by Socho Ogui to take more formal
roles as Retired Part-time Kaikyoshi Ministers such as Rev.
Kosho Yukawa, BCA Minister
Emeritus, at the Tacoma Buddhist Temple.
Yes, we have a ministerial
shortage; and it may become a
crisis; but WE have started to
address the issues even if they
are small steps. We thank our
ministers for their hard work,
understanding and patience.
OCTOBER 2008
Exchange Trip
Continued from Page 2
gai family, we had the chance to take part
in a tea ceremony. It was a very moving
experience that I cannot put into words.
During our stay with the Otoyama
family, Mrs. Otoyama took Jennifer and
I to a ceramic workshop where we made
our own pieces. Then we went to a glass
shop and made our own glass necklaces.
Mrs. Otoyama also took us to an onsen
(hot spring). Bathing at an onsen was very
new experience for Jennifer and me.
Through the home-stay program I
discovered more things about myself in
Japan than I was able to back home, and
appreciated everything that the host families did for us. They were very kind and
made me feel as if I were actually a part of
their family. I will never forget them and
their wonderful hospitality.
After the home-stays, Jennifer and I
attended a National YBA Conference being hosted by the Niigata District YBA.
There is a wider age range for YBA membership in Japan. At the conference, there
were a lot of activities. Our first day
there, we had an opening ceremony and
we were able to meet the guest speakers
for the conference. Later on, we ate a
buffet dinner and Jennifer and I were
able to pound mochi. During the dinner
there were performers who juggled, made
balloon animals, mimed and performers
who had imitated two famous singers in
Japan, a young girl, and an older man,
Echicoyuzowa.
The day before we left Japan, we had
an audience with Lady Noriko Ohtani.
She asked us about what is happening in
the United States, and the BCA, and
temple involvements and other interests.
Following our visit, we were taken on a
tour of the inner garden of the Hongwanji complex.
I would like to thank everyone that
gave me the opportunity to participate in
the FBWA Student Exchange Program,
and to all of the people we met during
the tour for their generous hospitality
and assistance. Jennifer and I had the
time of our lives.
This experience has inspired me to
become more involved in temple activities and appreciate my Jodo Shinshu heritage.
Gassho,
Courtney Kazumi Sugihara
BCA
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߆޿ ߈ࠂ߁ߒ
޽ࠆ‫ߪ ↢ ৻ߩߜߚ ⑳ޕ‬ታ ߦ৻ᨎ ߩ⪭ ߜ⪲ ߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߛߣᕁ ޿߹
ߣ
ߒ‫ߦߎߘޔ‬௛ߊੱߚߜߦࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬
ࠊࠄ
ߟ߆
ࠊߚߒ
߽ᧄ㗿ኹ ߩ࿖㓙 ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߿㕍 ዋ ᐕ ᵴേ ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߥߤߢ‫ࠍ޿ ╉ޔ‬㘧 ߫
ߪߚࠄ
߹߃
ߎߘ‫ߦߎߘޔ‬ᆎ ࠅ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᖤ ߒߺ߇޽ߞߡߎߘ‫ᧄޔ‬ᒰ ߩࠃࠈߎ߽߮
߆ࠇ
ࠊࠄ
ߣߟߑࠎ ࠊࠇࠊࠇ
ੱ ߩੱ↢ ߣߪᱜ ߦߎ߁޿߁߽ߩߢߒࠂ߁‫ࠄ߆ࠆ޽߇ࠅ ⚳ߦߡߴߔޕ‬
৻✜ߦീ ᒝߒ‫ߦ✜৻ޔ‬ㆆ߮‫઀ߦ✜৻ޔ‬੐ࠍߒ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᓐߪ޿ߟ
ߖ޿ߒࠂ߁ߨࠎ ߆ߟߤ߁
ࠊ߆
߅߽
߽ߺߓ
ࠊ߆
ߐ޿ߏ
ߪߓ߹
ߎߊߐ޿
ߣ
⚃⪲‫߁޿ߣޢ‬େฏ߇ᦠ߆ࠇߡ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
৻ㇱߢߔ‫ޕ‬
߶ࠎ߇ࠎߓ
ߐ޿ߏ
߫
޿ߜ߱
޽ߘ
ߣ߁
ߜ ⪲ ߣ ߣ ߽ ߦ ‫᦭ ޔ‬ฬ ߥ ⦟ ኡ ߩ ‫ ޔ ߡ ߖ ⷗ ࠍ ⴫ ޔ ߖ ⷗ ࠍ ⵣ ޡ ޔ‬ᢔ ࠆ
ߚ
޿߹
ߐ޿
ߜߓࠎ
߅߁ߒࠂ߁
޿ߞߒࠂ
ߗࠎࠅࠂߊ
⍮ੱ ߆ࠄ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ߽ߩߢߔ߇‫ߣࠄߪࠄߪޔߪߦߎߘޔ‬ᢔ ࠆ⑺ ߩ⪭
ߘࠇࠄߪ‫ޔࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ᤄ ߩᧂ ߛᚒ‫߈ࠃߩࠈߎߒࠅ߆ ⧯߇ ޘ‬ᕁ ޿಴ ߩ
ߴࠎ߈ࠂ߁
߈
⑳߇૶ߞߡ޿ࠆࠝࡈࠖࠬߩოߦ৻ᨎߩ⛗߇ដߌߡ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬એ೨‫ޔ‬
ࡦߢࠃߊ࡜࡯ࡔࡦ߿㘾ሶࠍ㘩ߴߚࠅ߽ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬
޿ߞߒࠂ
ߢ
ߥߦߏߣ
ߓࠎ߱ߟ
ࠊߚߒ
ߪᒰᤨ ᄢᄌ ߥ⹏ ್ ߛߞߚ‫ ₺ޡ߆ߣޢࡦࡒࡦࡒޡ‬዁ ‫࡜࠻ࠬ࡟߁޿ߣޢ‬
߻߆ߒ
ࠊߔ
ߡߞߡ޿
ߖࠎߖ޿
ߚࠅ‫ᧄߊࠃޔ‬ጊߩ઀੐ࠍᚻવߞߚࠅߒ߹ߒߚ‫৻ߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣߩ⚳ࠊࠅߦ
߉ࠂ߁ߑ
޿߹
ࠇߚవ↢ߛߞߚߣᕁ߁ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬
ߖ߆޿
੽ ᢎ ᇚੱળ ᄢળ ߇㐿௅ ߐࠇߚߎࠈߢ‫ߩߘߦ ✜৻ޔ‬Ḱ஻ ߦ㚟 ࠅ಴ ߐࠇ
ߣ ߁ ߓ ߚ޿߳ࠎ
ߪߚࠄ
෰ ߞߡ޿߆ࠇࠆᦨᓟ ߩᦨᓟ ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬㐿 ᢎ૶ ߣߒߡߩೋᔃ ࠍ⽾ ޿ߡ޿߆
ㆇォߢ‫ৼߪࠈߎߩ޽ߚ߹ޔࠅߚߒࠍޢ࠻࡯࠺࡞ࡉ࠳ޡ‬ᐲ‫ޔ‬੩ㇺߢ਎⇇
ߒߏߣ
޽
ߐ
߆ࠇ
ߦ⧷ળ⹤ߩ✵ ⠌ࠍߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㒋߿੩ㇺߩ߭ߤ޿੤ㅢ੐ᖱߩߥ߆ࠍᓐߩ
߶ࠎߑࠎ
޿ߞ߸߁ߡ߈
⚵ ߻ੱ‛ ߢߒߚ‫ޔ੹ߡߒߘޕ‬㧢㧝ᱦ ߣ޿߁⧯ ߐߢ⓭ὼ ᚒ‫ߩ ޘ‬೨ ߆ࠄ
ߣ߽
ߘߩߎࠈ‫ޔ‬ᓐߪㄭ޿዁ ᧪‫ޔ‬㐿ᢎ૶ߣߒߡ☨࿖ߦࠊߚࠆߣ޿߁ߩߢ‫౒ޔ‬
߱ߞ߈ࠂ߁ ߰ ߓ ࠎ ߆ ޿ ߚ޿߆޿
ߺ ߛ ߦࠂࠄ޿
ਃᶆవ↢ߪߔߴߡߦᔀᐩ ߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬૗੐ߦ߽ో ജ ࠍᛩߓߡข ࠅ
ߡߥߒࠍ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ੐ߢߔ‫ޕ‬
ࠇࠎߒࠀ߁
ࠊ
ߺ ߁ ࠄ ߖࠎߖ޿
ߎߣ
߃޿ ߆ ޿ ࠊ
޽
ߎߣ߫
ߊ߅㇎㝷ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ᦨ߽ߟ޿ޕ‬㜞ߩ߽
ߒࠂ߁ࠄ޿
ߒࠎ
߆ࠅߣߒߚ⸒⪲ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬
ߐ޿ߎ߁
ߜ߆
ߎߣ߫
༑߮ࠍಽ߆ߜว߁ߩߺߢߔ‫߽ߢ੹ޕߣޠ‬ᔓࠇࠆߎߣߩ಴᧪ߥ޿ߒߞ
޿ߊߤ
ᆢ〝ߦ޽ࠆవ↢ߩ߅ኹ߳ߪᐞᐲߣߥ
߆ࠇ
߆߃
‫⛘ޟ‬ኻ ઁജ ࠍା ߓ‫ޔ‬㒙ᒎ㒚 ᅤ᧪ ߩ৻ᣇ⊛ ߥ௛ ߈ࠍ޿ߚߛ޿ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬
޿ࠄ޿
ߓ߾߹
ࠊߚߒ ߓ ߒ ࠎ
ߩ໧㗴 ߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ߆ࠄ‫ߕߐ߆ߔޕ‬㄰ ߞߡ߈ߚ⸒⪲ ߪ‫ࠅ߈ߞߪޔ‬
ਃᶆ వ↢ ߣ ߩ ಴ળ ޿ ߪ ੹ ߆ ࠄ 㧠 㧜
ߡࠄ
ࠊߚߒ
ᐕ㦂ߪਃᶆవ↢ߩᣇ߇ߪࠆ߆ߦ⑳ࠃࠅ⧯޿ߩߢߔ߇‫⥄ ⑳ߪࠇߘޔ‬り
޿߹
ߖࠎߖ޿
߽
ᓐ ߦ㐿 ᢎ૶ ߪ૗ ࠍାᔨ ߦߒߡ޿ߌ߫޿޿߆ߣ⡞ ޿ߡߺߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬
੹ᣣߦ޿ߚߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
߭߼ߓ
޿ࠃߊ
޿ࠃ޿ࠃవ↢ ߇ࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߦࠊߚࠆᣣ ߇ㄭ ߠ޿ߡ߈ߚߎࠈߢߔ‫ߪ ⑳ޕ‬
߈
޽
߭ߣ
ߺ ߁ ࠄ ߖࠎߖ޿
߈ࠂ߁
ߢ
ߚ
ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬Όᔟ ᭂ ߹ࠅߥ޿ᓐ ߢߔ߇‫৻ޔ‬ォ ߔࠆߣઁ ߩੱ ߦߪ
߇ਃᶆవ↢ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬
ࠍᛂ ߜᛄ ߁ߎߣ߇಴᧪ ߥ޿߹߹‫ޔ‬
ߺ ߁ ࠄ ߖࠎߖ޿
ߧ
೔ᐩ෸߮ߩߟ߆ߥ޿ାᔨࠍ߽ߞߡ㐿 ᢎߩᗧ᰼ߦΆ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣ߁޿ߩ
ࠆࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ᓐ⁛․ߩ޿ߟ߽ߩ౬ ⺣ࠍ⸒ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥ‫ߥࠎߘޔ‬ᕁ޿
߁
޽߆
ߌߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥੱ‛ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬
ਃᶆ ᢎ ⴕ వ ↢ߩ⓭ὼߩ⸔ႎߦ‫ޔ‬ାߓࠄࠇߥ޿ࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ᖡᄞࠍ⷗ߡ޿
߆ࠇߤߊߣߊ
ߔ
ߓࠎ߱ߟ
ࠬ࠲࠶ࠢ࠻ࡦ੽ᢎળ 㐳⼱Ꮉ࠴ࡖ࡯࡞࠭
ߺ ߁ ࠄ ߈ࠂ߁߉ࠂ߁ߖࠎߖ޿
ߚ޿߳ࠎ߭ߣ
ߢ‫ޔߊࠈߒ߽߅ޔ‬ᄢᄌੱ ߦᅢ ߆ࠇ‫߽ߡߣޔ‬᣿ ࠆߊ‫߫ߕޔ߆ߎߤޔ‬ᛮ
߽߁
ߓ߱ࠎ
ߖ‫߅ޔ‬ᔨ੽ࠍ↳ߔ⥄ಽߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ධή㒙ᒎ㒚੽
߆ࠇ
ߣ‫޿╉ޔ‬಴ߒߚߊߥࠆࠃ߁ߥߎߣ߫߆ࠅߢߔ‫ߊ߆ߦߣޕ‬ᓐߪ࡙࠾࡯ࠢ
Ƌƭ
ƖƖǜ
ƿƬƖǐƏƖǐƏƍƘ
ƜƷǭȣȳȚȸȳƴǑƬƯᨼ LJǒǕƨؕ᣿ ƸŴʿ૙૙Ꮛ Ŵ
ƖǐƏƩǜ
ƿƬƖǐƏƔƍ
ƟƍƤƍƖƹǜ
ƖǐƏƔ
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૙‫ ׇ‬Ǎ ʿ૙˟ Ʒ ᝠ૎ؕႴ Ʒࢍ҄ Ŵ ᧏૙̅ Ʒ ࢳᢀોծ Ŵ Ǣ Ǧ Ȉ
ơǐƏƲƠǜƠǎƏ
ƨƯNjƷ
ƭƔ
ȪȸȁŴƦǕƴ෋‫ם‬Ⴧ‫ܪ‬ǻȳǿȸƷ࡫ཋƳƲƴ̅ǘǕLJƢŵ
ƨƯNjƷ
ƔǓƍǕƖǜ
ǁǜƞƍ
ƜƱƠơǎƏ
LJǜ
Ƌƭ
ƶǜLJƭ
ƪƔ
ႊɢȉȫᨼNJƳƚǕƹƳǓLJƤǜŵ࠰஛ ƕᡈƮƍƯƖLJƠƨŵ
ƠnjƔƍ
ơƠǜ
ƠǐƏǒƍ
ƻƱ
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ȳȚȸȳƴNjƝ݃˄ǛƓᫍƍƍƨƠLJƢŵ
ਇ߰
ߓ
ੑ߆
Ꮉࠊ
ǢȡȪǫᅈ˟Ŵᐯ៲ŴLJƨ‫ݩ‬ஹƷʴƨƪǁƷǮȕȈƱƠƯǭȣ
ƳƓŴǻȳǿȸ࡫ཋƷ͈λ᣿ Ʒᡉฎ ƷƨNJƴʻ࠰ɶ ƴƋƱʚ
ߘ
✚߁
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DŽǜƱƏ
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ȉȫƷ‫ٻ‬ӨƴПᢋ ƍƨƠLJƠƨᲢʋஉ ʚҗଐ ྵ‫ נ‬Უŵஜ࢘ ƴƋ
ǓƕƱƏƝƟƍLJƢŵ
ᵺߓ
䏌
࿯߁
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⌀ࠎ
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䎭 ޿ ߩ ᦨ޿ߣ ᔨࠎ࿾ߜߩ ߩ ⻉䏌ቇߊ㧿 ߢ ᢎ߈
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ኻ޿ⴕ䏌㒮ࠎ㧵 ߩ ૶ߒᣣߟ
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ࠎ
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ࠃ
ട߆⹤ࠊ੐ߓߢ ߢ ⚂ߊ㙃߁
ߔ ߐ ߦ 㗿߇ߩ ታ䏉
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べߊ૶ߒࠢ ␠䏊ᓤߣࠨ
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ႏƞLJƷƓᔹ ƴǑǓŴȗȬȃǸƱǮȕȈǛӳ ǘƤƯҘʞႊɢ
ƓƓƩƍ
ǭȣȳȚȸȳƷ‫إ‬ԓ
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