Business Patrons - Police Association of Nova Scotia

Transcription

Business Patrons
SPRYFIELD MASONRY LTD.
ST ANDREWS PARISH
ST ANNE'S CHURCH
ST JAMES ANGLICAN CHURCH
ST JOSEPH’S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH
ST JOSEPH'S CONVENT
ST PETER'S CATHOLIC CHURCH
ST THERESA CONVENT
ST. ANDREW’S PARISH
ST. COLUMBA PARISH
ST. LEO'S & ST JOHN THE BAPTIST PARISHES
ST. MICHAELS PARISH
ST. PATRICK CATHOLIC CHURCH
ST. PETER’S PARISH
STANDARD DRAFTING SERVICES
STANDARD LIGHTING
STEAM GENIE CLEANERS
STELLA MARIS PARISH
STEVE LEFORT
STEVE MORSE HEAVY TOWING
STEVE’S 24-HR TOWING
STEWART’S GARAGE
STEWIACKE GIFT BOUTIQUE
STONE’S RV & HOME CENTER
STRAIT ENGINEERING LTD
STRAITVIEW AUTOMOTIVE
STUDIO 21 FINE ART
SUDS’N STUFF LAUNDROMAT
SUMNER PLUMBING SUPPLY
SUN VALLEY MOTEL LTD
SUNDIN / DR. JAN
SUNRISE & SALVAGE
SUNRISE VISION CARE
SUNSHINE PERSONAL HOME CARE
SUNTIME ENTERPRISES
SUPERLINE FUELS INC
SUPPLEMENT KING
SWALLOWS MACHINE SHOP
SWEPCO
T & J DEMEYERE PROPERTIES LTD
T COADY ALARMS LTD.
T O PLUMBING & HEATING LTD
TARGET FOOD BROKERS LTD
TARTAN BLADE BARBER SHOP
AD INDEX
A & A ROOFING LTD.
50
A M L PAINTING LTD.
40
A R B SCOTT MASONRY LTD.
78
A R T S TROPHY HOUSE
74
ACADIA ROOFING & CONTRACTING LTD.
60
ACADIA SMALL BUSINESS
38
ACADIA UNIVERSITY
28
ACADIAN FISH PROCESSORS LTD
92
ACUREN GROUP INC
84
ADECCO
68
AEL SECURITY LTD.
98
ALL - WAYS EXCAVATION
80
ALL MY PETS
64
ALLSCO BUILDING PRODUCTS
76
ALPHA CHEMICAL LTD.
74
ALPINE A/C & REFRIGERATION LTD
88
AMBER LITE CONSTRUCTION
54
ANICOM SIGNS INC
84
ARCHIBALD DRILLING & BLASTING 1986 LTD. 86
ARMOUR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS INC. 104
ARMSTRONG AUTO SALES & SALVAGE LTD. 58
ATHENS RESTAURANT CO. LTD.
80
ATLANTIC AERO MARINE SUPPLY
82
ATLANTIC ALARM & SOUND LTD.
106
ATLANTIC DRIVER TRAINING
42
ATLANTIC FUNERAL HOMES
44
ATLANTIC HARDCHROME LIMITED
64
ATLANTIC NEWS STAND
42
ATLANTIC POLY LINERS INC.
56
ATLANTIC SUPERSTORE
34
AUSTIN CONTRACTING LTD
50
AUTO TRIM DESIGN OF N. S.
80
AUTOLOT COLLISION CTR.
46
B J MACPHEE TRUCKING LTD.
52
B. G. MAXX MANAGEMENT LTD.
42
B. J. ELECTRIC MOTOR & CONTROL LTD.
46
BANFIELD OCULAR PROSTHETICS
40
BANK OF MONTREAL
8
BASIL AUDIO VISUAL
94
BEACH BREEZE DEVELOPEMENT LTD.
64
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
TAYLOR’S LTD
TD BANK FINANCIAL GROUP
TED SALMON
TERRA MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL LTD
TERRY COLLETT PIANO TUNER-TECH
TERRY SPRINKLER LTD.
TERRY’S PLACE
THAT’S THE LOOK HAIR STUDIO
THE FIRESIDE’S RESTAURANT & BAR
THE OLD WAREHOUSE CAFE
THE SUN ROOM
THE TINY TATTLER RESTAURANT
THOMAS SCOTT LUMBER LTD.
TIBBETTS ELECTRICAL CONTRACTING
TIDY TAILS PET SUPPLIES & GROOMING
TIMOTHY A. REID
TRACTION
TRAMAR PRODUCTS
TRAVEL UNIVERSAL VACATIONS LTD.
TRI COUNTY CONST. LTD.
TRI COUNTY VETERINARY SERVICES LTD.
TRIDENT SERVICE BOOKKEEPING
TRIPLE S ENTERPRISES LTD.
TROFEL
TROPHY HOUSE
TUDOR TILE COMPANY
TULLOCH INN
TURNER / DR GERALD GEORGE
TUTTLE COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING
TWEED ENGINEERING SERVICES
TWIN CITIES ENGRAVERS
ULTRA CLEAN CARPET & UPHOLSTERY CARE
UNIVERSAL WOOD INDUSTRIES
VALLEY MEADOWS LTD.
VALLIE’S HAIR SHOP
VANOOSTRUM FARM EQUIPMENT / J
VANTAGE MOTORS
VELOS PIZZA DONAIRS & SUBS
VENUGOPAL ORTHOPEDICS INC
VERNON GAUDET
VICKY'S BEAUTY SALON
VICTOR HAYMAN CHAINSAWS
VICTORIA RIDGE HOMES LIMITED
VILLAGE EMPORIUM
BEAUMONT GARAGE DOOR CO.
104
BEDFORD / SACKVILLE WAL- MART
52
BELL ALIANT
18
BENOIT ELECTRIC
108
BERGENGREN CREDIT UNION LTD.
92
BERNARD H. MORASH INSURANCE
74
BERNARD L. MAILMAN PROJECTS
46
BEST TOYOTA INC.
106
BEST WESTERN GLENGARRY
94
BIO RECOVERY CANADA
cover
BIRD’S EYE BUILDERS LTD.
44
BLACK & MCDONALD LTD.
30
BLUE WATER BUSINESS DEV. CORP.
60
BOMBERS CLUB
74
BOND & COOLEN CONTRACTING
98
BORCHERDT CONCRETE PRODUCTS
98
BRENNAN'S SHUTTLE SERVICE LTD
60
BRILUN CONSTRUCTION LTD.
12
BRIMAC ROOFING LTD.
22
BRINK'S CANADA LTD
90
BROOKVILLE CARRIERS AND FLATBED L.P.
80
BURCHELL MAC DOUGALL LAWYERS
82
BURLOCK OPTICAL SERVICES LTD.
58
BURNSIDE REALTY LTD.
22
C C MAC DONALD LTD
96
CABOT SHIPPING SUPPLIES LTD
96
CAMBRIDGE SUITES HOTEL
108
CAMPBELLVIEW ENTERPRISES
38
CDN CANCER SOC NS DIV SMOKERS HELPLINE cover
CANADIAN LINEN & UNIFORM SERV.
112
CANADIAN SUPERIOR ENERGY INC
106
CANSO CHEMICALS LTD.
94
CAPE BRETON & CENTRAL N S RAILWAY
106
CAPE BRETON BEVERAGES
70
CAPE BRETON VICTORIA SCHOOL BOARD
28
CAPITAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS LTD.
48
CASA DANTE HAIRSTYLING LTD.
74
CEDAR HOUSE BAKERY & RESTAURANT
48
CENTRAL TILE & TERRAZZO CO LTD
48
CHARM DIAMOND CENTRE
84
CHATER MEAT MARKET
42
NOVA SCOTIA
126
VILLAGE GREEN MOTOR CAR CO. LTD.
VILLAGE GROCERY
VILLAGE VARIETY
W ADAMS CONSTRUCTION SERVICES
W. MACDONALD DIESEL MAINTENANCE
WADE CORNELL VIDEOGRAPHER
WAGNER REFRIGERATION
WALLACE QUARRIES LTD.
WALLACE TAYLOR
WALLIN SCHOOL OF DANCE
WAYNE GILES AUTO SALVAGE
WAYNE PARTRIDGE CONST. LTD.
WEALTH MANAGEMENT
WEAR WELL GARMENTS CO.
WEE FOLK KINDERGARTEN
WELLS FARGO FINANCIAL
WENTZELL’S BOTTLE RECYCLING
WEST PUBNICO SEAFOOD
WESTCOTT SERVICE CENTRE LTD.
WHAT’S THE BUZZ BARBER SHOP
WHITE HEAD CONSULTANTS LTD.
WHITMAN INN
WHYCOCOMAGH CO-OP & LIQUOR AGENCY STORE
WILDCAT ENTERTAINMENT
WILDLIFE CONTROL
WILLIAM ALEXANDER & ASSOC LTD
WILLIAM F. WHITE LTD.
WILLIAM WITHERS
WILLIAMS HEAVY HAULING
WILLOW HOUSE INN
WILMAR ACRES LIMITED
WILSON FARMS
WILSON’S HOME HARDWARE
WINBRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
WONG’S TAILOR SHOP
WOODLANDS PET RESORT
WOODS CONCRETE
WOODS WISE OUTFITTERS
WOODVILLE AUTOBODY LTD.
WORKSPACE BY DESIGN
WORTH BROS WELDING
YARMOUTH PROFESSIONAL CTR
YOUR HAIR ONLY DESIGNS
YUILL CHISHOLM BARR & SOLCT.
CHUCKWAGON FREIGHT INC.
CITADEL AMATEUR BOXING CLUB
CITADEL COINS
CITY CENTRE ATLANTIC
CITY PRINTERS LTD
CLEAR CHOICE WATER SHOP
CLEARWATER SEAFOODS
COASTAL FINANCIAL CREDIT UNION LTD.
COCA COLA BOTTLING LTD.
COLLINS BARROW
COMMISSIONAIRES NOVA SCOTIA
COMMUNICATIONS NS ADVERTISING SVC
COMM CREDIT UNION OF CUMB. COLCH.
CONNORS DIESEL LTD.
CONQUERALL ELECTRICAL
CONRAD HURLBERT LEBLANC
CONSEIL SCOLAIRE ACADIEN PROVINCIAL
CORBY DISTILLERIES LTD.
COUNTRY LIVING ESTATES SENIORS RES.
CUSTOM SPRING & WELDING CO LTD
D S S MARINE INC
D. A. MACGREGOR ELECTRIC LTD.
DARTMOUTH KENNEL SERVICES
DAYS INNS
DEFINITE FOOD SERVICES
DELTA SYDNEY
DICKINSON BROS.
DIRECT ENERGY BUSINESS SVC
DISMAS SOCIETY & LAVERS HOUSE
DOOLEY’S PHARMACY
DOUG BRAGG ENTERPRISES LTD.
DOWNEAST COMMUNICATIONS LTD
DR. CHERYL CONROD
DR. DOUGLAS LEGAY
E C ARMITAGE HARDWARE CO LTD
E. BARNHILL TRUCKING LTD
EAGLE NEST RECOVERY HOUSE
EARL FRANCIS SPRYFIELD MEM. BR. #152
EASSONS TRANSPORT LTD
EAST SIDE FISHERIES LTD.
EASTERN SIGN PRINT
38
64
44
26
44
90
88
46
80
12
102
8
38
50
70
68
28
62
24
90
40
102
106
10
66
16
34
26
48
56
108
74
62
94
94
54
112
88
100
12
108
EATON CORPORATION
ELEGANT FLOORING LTD
ELMSDALE SUBWAY LTD.
EMBERLEY'S
ENTERPRISE CAPE BRETON CORP.
ESKASONI BAND COUNCIL
ESKASONI FISH & WILDLIFE COMMISSION
ESRI CANADA LTD
EVANS MAC ISAAC MAC MILLAN
F & K COMPUTER SALES & SERVICES
FACTS ENGINEERING
FADER AGENCIES
FAIRLEY & STEVENS FORD LINCOLN
FINBAR'S IRISH PUB
FIVE STAR ROOFING & MASONRY
FLOORSCAPES
FORREST'S CONVENIENCE & VIDEO STORES
FRASERWAY R V CENTRE LTD
G M MACDONALD WELDING LTD.
GASHA
GEOFF REGAN MP HALIFAX WEST
GEORGE MAC DONALD & SONS LTD.
GERALD MITCHELL CONTRACTING LTD
GHYSLAINE ROY, CENTURY 21 ACCLAIM LTD
GIFFIN GROUP
GILLIS & ASSOCIATES
GILLIS D VENTILATION & A/C
GIONET BOBBY PAINTING & DECORATING
GLUBES SOUND STUDIO
GOLD STAR REALTY
GOOD VENTURE FISHING CO. INC.
GORDON CHAPMAN PLUMBING & HEATING
GREEN WAY CLAYMORE INN & ANTIGONISH
CONFERENCE CTR.
GREENHILLS DEV. SURFACE COAL MINE
GREYTOP PROPERTY SERVICES INC
GRIGGS ENGINEERING LTD.
H P H MECHANICAL LTD.
HAILEY’S APPLIANCE REPAIRS LTD.
HALIFAX C & D RECYCLING LTD.
HALIFAX PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICES
52
92
100
90
98
8
18
90
50
50
68
52
68
60
110
62
54
54
98
76
60
24
14
68
40
54
102
70
108
76
38
82
82
78
78
66
58
100
50
86
HALIFAX REGIONAL FIRE & EMERGENCY
102
HALTERM CONTAINER TERMINAL LTD
100
HANDYMAN CONNECTION
62
HARDING MEDICAL SUPPLIES
76
HARRIS & ROOME SUPPLY, DIV. GRAYBAR
CANADA LTD
44
HARRIS HOME & BUILDING CTR.
102
HEFLER FOREST PRODUCTS LTD
66
HIGH - CREST ENTERPRISES LTD
32
HIGHLAND PULP LTD.
58
HON JAMIE MUIR M L A
110
HONEYWELL LTD.
50
HONOURABLE MICHAEL BAKER
68
HORSNELL INSURANCE
74
HUSKILSON’S FUNERAL HOME
54
HUSSMANN CANADA INC.
22
I C T CANADA MARKETING INC
14
ICI PAINTS
84
IDEAL CONCRETE LTD.
82
IN FOCUS OPTICAL LTD
40
INSURANCE BROKERS ASSN.
6
INT’L BR’HOOD ELECTRICAL WORKERS LOCAL 625 36
INTERTAPE POLYMER GROUP
100
INTL UNION OPERATING ENGINEERS
68
IRVING EQUIPMENT
44
IRVING SHIP BUILDING INC.
10
ISLAND FRESH SEAFOODS
110
ISLAND VIEW FAMILY RESTAURANT & BAKERY96
J & H INDUSTRIES LTD
74
J D UNIFORMS
82
J E RAMSAY HEARING SERVICES
74
J. CREEMER HOLDINGS LTD.
112
J. D. IRVING LTD.
6
J. DONALD SAMSON C. A.
68
J. M. GIFFIN P. ENGINEERING INC.
44
JAYMAR DIESEL LTD
44
JENTRONICS LIMITED
42
JIM'S WINDOW & DOOR SERVICE
94
JOHN HAMILTON MEDICINE INC
80
JOHN ROSS & SONS LTD.
36
JOHN SWAINE & ASSOC
58
JOHNNY ON THE SPOT
44
JOHNSON INSURANCE
60
K & N AUTO COMMERCIAL MARINE REPAIR 40
K. CARLSEN MANUFACTURING LTD
82
K. D. ROGERS WELL DRILLING LTD.
72
KAULBACH HOUSE HISTORIC INN
78
KEL-GREG HOMES INC.
94
KELLYS LUGGAGE LTD.
112
KHATTER & KHATTER BARRISTERS &
SOLICITORS
4
KIEL DEVELOPMENTS LTD
64
KILLAM PROPERTIES INC
100
KINGS REGIONAL REHAB CENTRE
68
L & A ELECTRIC (A SOURCE ATLANTIC
COMPANY)
86
L J M ACCOUNTING SERVICES
104
L. E. VEINOTTE & SONS LTD.
60
LA HAVE DENTURE CLINIC LTD
84
LA SHOPPE A'CAMILLE
76
LAFARGE CANADA INC.
48
LAPOINTE SEAFOOD INC
84
LAST PORT MOTEL
54
LESLIE EXCAVATING LTD.
56
LIBERAL CAUCUS OFFICE
92
LINDE CANADA LTD.
20
LINDWOOD HOLDINGS
50
LLOY’S DENTURE CLINIC
66
LOGAN DRILLING GROUP INC.
62
LOOK HO HO RESTAURANT
112
LOUISIANA PACIFIC CANADA LTD.
98
LUEDEY CONSULTANTS
4
M & C AUTO SVC LTD
86
M T P POWER ENTERPRISES INC
96
M V OSPREY LTD
40
MAC EAST
80
MAC KENZIE’S TOWING & SVC CTR
84
MAC LEOD GROUP
80
MACAIR LTD
52
MACKAY’S TRUCK & TRAILER CENTER LTD 88
MADER’S ROOFING & MASONRY
14
MAINLINE NEEDLE EXCHANGE
58
MARINERS CENTRE
66
MARITIME PAPER PRODUCTS LTD.
4
MARITIME TRACTOR REPAIR LTD.
64
MCLEOD SAFETY SERVICES
92
MCGILLIVRAY V. J. FUNERAL HOMES
42
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
MEMBERTOU WELLNESS HOME
112
METRO PAVING
78
METRO SELF STORAGE
76
MI'KMAQ GAS AND CONVENIENCE
32
MI’KMAW FAMILY & CHILDREN’S SERVICES 114
MIDTRAIL RESORT LTD
96
MIKE MACDONALD ELECTRICAL CONTRACTING
& APTS
44
MILLEN FARMS LTD.
40
MIME’J SEAFOODS LIMITED
52
MISTY MEADOW FARMS
50
MOLSON CANADA
4
MONTE'S BAR & GRILL
24
MORNEAU SOBECO
32
MORRISON FUELS
40
MUNICIPALITY OF ARGYLE
56
MUNICIPALITY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY
36
MUNICIPALITY OF THE COUNTY OF VICTORIA 50
N D P CAUCUS OFFICE
56
NS HIGHWAY WORKERS UNION CUPE LOCAL
1867
102
NAPOLI PIZZERIA
72
NAPWICK HOLDINGS LTD.
40
NATIONAL TRAILER SALES
48
NEW GLASGOW POLICE
86
NEW ROSS CREDIT UNION
104
NIEFORTH STEEL PRODUCTS LTD.
96
NORM SMITH ELECTRIC LTD.
42
NORTH BAY FISHERMEN’S CO OP
106
NOVA ENTERPRISES LTD.
88
NOVA LEATHER LTD.
110
NOVA SCOTIA FIREFIGHTERS SCHOOL
18
NOVA SCOTIA LIQUOR CORP.
22
NOVA SCOTIA LIQUOR CORP
62
NOVA SCOTIA MI'KMAW KINA'MATNEWEY
84
NS TRANSPORTATION & PUBLIC WORKS
76
NOVA TREE COMPANY INC.
110
O' BRIENS R X PHARMA CHOICE
90
O’ REGAN’S
108
OFFICE INTERIORS
52
OLYMPIA TILE INTERNATIONAL INC.
76
ORIGINAL ROOFING & SIDING
46
OUR NEIGHBOURHOOD LIVING SOCIETY
52
OVER ALL COLLISION CUSTOM & RESTORATION
104
P & R MACLEAN'S WATER & TRUCKING CO
48
P P G CANADA INC
48
P&B KAULBACK BUILDING LTD
86
P. A .W. ROOFING
78
P. A. YEOMAN MARINE SERVICE INC.
100
PAS AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR
46
PAT DUNN MLA
34
PELHAM ELECTRIC & REFRIGERATION
30
PERRY’S AUTO BODY
110
PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
98
PETRO-CANADA
114
PEVERILL AND ASSOCIATES INC.
70
PHIL LEIL ENTERPRISES LTD.
94
PICTOU SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
20
PIERCEY INVESTORS LTD.
108
PITNEY BOWES CANADA
2
PIVOTAL POWER
102
PLENUS CONSULTANTS
104
POLLETT DRUG STORES LTD.
110
POLYTECH WINDOWS & DOORS
56
PRINCESS CREDIT UNION LTD.
102
PUBLIC SERVICE ALLIANCE OF CANADA
2
R & D NICKERSON FISH PRODUCTS LTD
68
R A CORKUM FUNERAL HOME
94
R J F HEALTH CARE SERVICES LTD
92
R K O STEEL LTD.
20
R MACLEAN FORESTRY LTD
64
RAINBOW MOTEL & HAMMOCKS
70
REIGH’S SERVICE CTR.
84
REMOTE ACCESS TECHNOLOGY INC.
72
RENAISSANCE
88
RIVERSIDE FUELS
86
RIVERSIDE RESTAURANT
62
RODD HOTELS & RESORTS
26
ROGERS FURNITURE CO LTD
106
ROOFING CONNECTION
76
ROSE VALLEY TRUCKING EXCAVATING LTD. 56
ROYAL LE PAGE ANCHOR REALTY
54
ROYSONS’ FLOORING & WOODWORKING
54
RX SECURITY
78
S. ALLEN & SONS
72
SABLE RIVER VIEW COTTAGES
70
NOVA SCOTIA
127
SACKVILLE DRIVING SCHOOL
62
SACKVILLE INSURANCE AGENCY INC.
60
SACKVILLE RIVER ASSN RIVER WATCH PROGRAM 104
SALVATORE’S
92
SANDY & SONS FISHERIES LTD.
114
SCANWOOD CANADA LTD
60
SCOTIAMCLEOD
28
SCOTSBURN DAIRY GROUP
110
SEABOARD PAINTING & CONTRACTING
92
SEARS CANADA
78
SEAVIEW MANOR
66
SEE- SAW CONSTRUCTION INC
84
SENIORS FOR SENIORS
62
SERVICE MASTER OF TRURO
96
SEVEN SIGNS
86
SHANNEX HEALTH CARE MGMT
98
SHAW RESOURCES
112
SHEAN CO OP LTD.
64
SHELBURNE DIESEL SUPPLIES & SERVICE
96
SHELBURNE MALL MERCHANTS ASSOC.
92
SISTERS OF THE GOOD SHEPARD
110
SKIPPER FISHERIES LTD.
14
SNC LAVALIN INC
66
SODEXHO CANADA
64
SOURCE FOR SPACE PROPERTIES
58
SOURDOUGH COUNTRY BAKERY
86
SOUTH SHORE GLASS LTD.
106
SOUTHWEST NOVA DISTRICT HEALTH
AUTHORITY
56
SOUTHSIDE FARMS C/O EYKING BROS
88
SPERRY MARINE CANADA
90
SPRING GARDEN PLACE
96
ST. ANNE COMM & NURSING CARE CENTRE 110
ST. LAWRENCE CEMENT INC.
70
STAN DEMINGS & SONS FISHERIES LTD
46
STANFIELD’S LTD
16
STELLAR INDUSTRIAL SALES LTD.
86
STELLARTON POLICE SERVICE
38
STEVENS GROUP MANAGEMENT
112
STEVIE CRETE FOUNDATIONS LTD.
48
STIRLING FRUIT FARMS
46
STONE BROTHERS PLUMBING & HEATING LTD 46
STONE’S DRUG STORE LTD
70
STRICTLY SALES AND SERVICES
72
STUART PONTIAC BUICK LTD.
66
STUDIO 177 HAIR DESIGN
66
SUBWAY
100
SUPERIOR FOUNDATIONS LTD
76
SUPPORTIVE LIVING SOCIETY
100
T & R TRUCK REPAIR LTD.
82
T T L SUPPLY LTD
46
TARA INN
108
TATTLE TALES BOOKS TOYS & COLLECTIBLES 72
TAYLOR & SILVER
102
THE DRAGON BUFFET KING RESTAURANT cover
THE HEAD SHOPPE
74
THE NEW PALACE CLUB
18
THE SALVATION ARMY
58
THE SMILING DRAGON
72
THE UPS STORE
78
THE VILLAGE GRILL OF INVERNESS
16
THERMO CELL INDUSTRIES LTD.
72
TIBBO'S ELECTRIC
64
TOWN OF CANSO
102
TOWN OF DIGBY
12
TOWN OF KENTVILLE POLICE
38
TOWN OF MULGRAVE
56
TOWN OF NEW GLASGOW
82
TOWN OF PORT HAWKESBURY
48
TRADE CENTRE LIMITED
20
TRUEFOAM
30
TRURO HEIGHTS IRVING RESTAURANT
42
TRURO INTERNATIONAL INC.
98
TRURO VETERINARY HOSPITAL
90
TWIN CITY INSULATION CONTRACTORS LTD 104
ULTRAMAR HOME ENERGY
66
ULTRAMAR LTD.
16
UNICORN RESTORATIONS, AKA BATH FITTER 34
UNITED ASSN. JOURNEYMEN PLUMBERS LOCAL
56
112
UNITED PLUMBERS & STEAMFITTERS LOCAL 682 90
UPPER SACKVILLE AUTO BODY
108
VALLEY SOD & LANDSCAPING
72
VANCE HANES AUTO PARTS LTD.
52
VERHAGEN DEMOLITION LTD.
58
VI’S RESTAURANT LTD.
104
VICTOR & DOUGLAS OICKLE BOTTLE &
ENVIRO DEPOT
88
VILLAGE OF NEW MINAS
42
W A LATIMER GENERAL CONTR LTD
56
W B L I CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS
108
W J POWER PLUMBING HEATING LTD.
72
W R GRAHAM SERVICES LTD.
42
W S LANGLEY CONCRETE & MATERIALS TECH. 94
W. R. BOLIVAR TRANSPORT LTD.
90
WACKY WHEATLEY’S T. V & STEREO
60
WAL – MART
96
WAL- MART
106
WAL- MART
80
WAL- MART ANTIGONISH
70
WAL- MART BRIDGEWATER
62
WAL- MART MUMFORD ROAD
38
WAL- MART NEW MINAS
58
WALKER'S GAS & ELECTRIC LTD.
98
WATERBURY & NEWTON
112
WAVES SEAFOOD & GRILL
36
WEATHERFORD CANADA
82
WELLS FARGO FINANCIAL
78
WHYCOCOMAGH FIRST NATIONS
88
WILLIAMS BROTHERS LTD.
104
WILSON ELECTRONICS
70
WILSON’S GAS STOP
30
WILSON’S GAS STOP
106
WINCHESTER DISPOSAL SERVICE
100
WISDOM OF BEING
92
WOLFVILLE NURSING HOMES LTD.
52
WOOD - MIZER CANADA EAST
80
WORLD LINK FOOD DISTRIBUTORS INC,
32
X-WAVE
26
YARMOUTH DEVELOPMENT CORP
54
YUILLE AUTO WORKS
88
ZINCK TREVOR DARTMOUTH NORTH MLA 24
P
A
N
S
Pitney Bowes Canada
133 Ilsley Avenue, Unit M, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B3B 1S9
T: 902.481.4006 . F: 902.425.3282
www.pitneybowes.ca
The Public Service Alliance of Canada (PSAC)
applauds the efforts of the Police Association of Nova Scotia
to educate children and inform the public about heinous crimes.
As a social justice oriented union,
PSAC supports initiatives that address those who are victimized in society.
PSAC members work towards safe workplaces and safe communities
in which we all can flourish.
2
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10
OF
N OVA S COTIA
38th Annual
Crime Prevention Guide
Table of Contents
POLICE ASSOCIATION OF NOVA SCOTIA
Thank You from PANS
1
About PANS
3
Publisher’s Page
7
43rd Annual PANS Conference
Long Service Awards
ARTICLES OF INTEREST FROM AROUND THE PROVINCE…
Traffic Study Indicates Cell Phones Still Abused
Truro Cops Cruisin’ in Style
Keep a Sharp Eye
Operation Impact
Police Training Costs Time and Money
21
21
23
23
25
Area Police Plan to Step Up Traffic Patrols
Charlottetown Police Choir
Heading Back to School
Tim Hortons All Stars Farewell Tour
IMPAIRED DRIVING AWARENESS & PREVENTION INFORMATION…
Impaired Driving
The Responsible Host
Blood Alcohol Limits: Canada and the World
Groundbreaking Research on DUI Offenders
Alcohol-Crash Stats
Why Have Impaired Driving Charges Dropped?
Drunk Driving Quiz
Progress and Problems
How Pot Affects Driving
Ignition Interlock
If You’ve Been Drinking, You Have Options
ADVERTISER’S INDEX
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
39
41
43
47
49
51
53
57
63
65
67
126
5
Low BAC Drivers and the Law
Would a Lower Criminal BAC Save Lives?
A Hard Nut to Crack
MADD Canada:
News Release
Youth and Impaired Driving in Canada
Rating the Provinces
NS Gov’t:
Road Safety Campaign Launched
Alcohol is Alcohol
Crime, Punishment and Safety
Drugs and the Older Driver
9
17
27
27
29
31
69
75
77
81
85
91
99
101
105
111
Insurance Brokers’
Association of
Nova Scotia
Your best insurance is an insurance broker.
To locate an insurance broker closest to you, please visit our
web site at: www.ibans.com or for more information
please call our office:
902-876-0526
6
OF
N OVA S COTIA
From the Publisher
Marketing
Services (Atl.) Ltd.
1-800-561-4422
This 38th Annual Police Association of Nova Scotia Crime Prevention Guide focuses on the
topic of Impaired Driving. Each year, PANS publishes these Crime Prevention Guides as a result
of financial contributions from both residents of the province and business owners. With their
generous support of our annual campaign, PANS is able to give back to their communities
through donations to various local charities and youth-oriented programs, in an effort to keep
our youth from experiencing the negative effects of many of the topics discussed in these
annual guides.
On behalf of PANS, I would like to take this opportunity to sincerely thank each and every
contributor to our 2008 Telephone Appeal, which allowed us to publish this Crime Prevention
Guide.
This unique publication is distributed free-of-charge each year to schools, libraries and public
facilities, and it is also available online at the PANS Guide website www.pansguide.com,
making it easily accessible to everyone.
Your comments or suggestions are always welcome regarding these publications, and we look
forward to speaking with you again this year during our Annual Telephone Appeal.
Sincerely,
Mark T. Fenety
President
Fenety Marketing Services
“Providing quality, professional marketing and fund raising services on behalf of high-profile, non-profit organizations.”
This guide was proudly assembled and published by Fenety Marketing Services, with the help and co-operation of the
Police Association of Nova Scotia.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
w w w . f e n e t y . c o m
NOVA SCOTIA
7
Proud supporter of the
Police Association of
Nova Scotia
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ESKASONI, NOVA SCOTIA
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TELEPHONE: (902) 379-2800
8
OF
N OVA S COTIA
43RD Annual
PANS Conference
Held in Coldbrook, Nova Scotia
From left to right: Linda Redden (Administrator PANS), Ed
Joyce & Joe Ross. Mr. Joyce is being presented with a
photograph of himself as one of the oldest police officers to
drive a “Paddy Wagon.” Mr. Joyce & Mr. Ross are retired and
attended the Conference as Honorary Guests.
Linda Redden (left) presenting Doris Harkness
with a dozen roses. Doris is the wife of the late
Sgt. Len Harkness, who was one of the founding
members of PANS.
George Dunfee & Wilfred Andrews, Kentville Police Service.
In attendance: Mr. & Mrs. Rick Blouin (Kentville Police
Service).
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
9
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4
OF
N OVA S COTIA
43RD Annual
PANS Conference
(...continued)
Bryan Morrison (MC for the event) thanking Mr. Ross for his
long standing career with PANS spanning over 50 years. Mr.
Morrison is a past member of the Kentville Police Service.
Left to right: Linda Redden, presenting Sgt. Wayne Flynn
with an award for his years of service in policing. Sgt.
Flynn is recently retired from the Police Service.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
11
Left to right: Chief Delaney Chisholm (New Glasgow),
Mr. Joe Ross - Honorary Guest, Chief Bob White (Trenton).
Both Chiefs are presenting a gift to Mr. Ross at his
Retirement Dinner on behalf of the members in Pictou
County.
Presentations made to Joe Ross from Paul LeBlanc (Tim
Hortons All Stars Hockey Team) and Mark Fenety (Fenety
Marketing) at Mr. Rossʼ official Retirement Dinner during the
43rd Annual PANS Conference.
continued...
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info@brilun.ca
OF
N OVA S COTIA
43RD Annual
PANS Conference
(...continued)
The Board of Directors of PANS at the 43rd Annual PANS Conference presenting Mr. Joe Ross with
an award for his 50 years in policing and as Executive Director of PANS.
Deputy Chief Eric MacNeil and Chief Delaney Chisholm
presenting a gift of “Thanks” from the members of the
New Glasgow Police Services.
Wilfred Andrews,
(area director PANS)
and member of the
Kentville Police
Service, making a
presentation to Mr.
Ross on behalf of the
members in Kentville.
Sgt. Kelly Oickle (Westville Police Service)
making a special presentation to Mr. Ross on
behalf of the members in Westville.
continued...
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NOVA SCOTIA
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14
OF
N OVA S COTIA
43 Annual
PANS Conference
RD
(...continued)
The winners of the Annual PANS Golf Tournament
hosted by the Kentville Police Association held during
the 43rd Annual PANS Conference this year in
Coldbrook. Left to right: members of the Kentville Police
Service.
Mr. and Mrs. Ward Beck (Bridgewater Police Service)
From left to right: Staff Sergeant Scott
White (Amherst Police Service); Sgt.
Wilfred Andrews (Kentville Police
Service); and Sergeants Bill Blakney,
Aubrey Armsworthy & David Lepper
(Amherst Police Service).
This Amherst Team of golfers were
one of the winners at the Annual
PANS Conference Golf Tournament.
Members of the
Amherst Police
Service
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
15
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16
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Long-Service Awards
NEW GLASGOW POLICE SERVICE
Members of the New Glasgow Police Service receiving “Long Service Awards”
for their years of service in policing.
Left to right: Cst. Anthony Thomas, Sgt. Donald McDavid,
Deputy Chief Eric MacNeil, Cpl. Steve Curley and Sgt. Kevin Scott.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
17
•
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•
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Phone: (902) 861-3823
Toll Free 1-866-861-3823
Fax: (902) 860-0255
Toll Free 1-866-399 FIRE
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18
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Local Police Officers Honoured
28 LOCAL OFFICERS RECEIVE LONG-SERVICE AWARDS IN HALIFAX
And the recipients are…
By Jennifer Vardy Little
15-YEAR RECIPIENTS:
STELLARTON – It was
New Glasgow Police Service
Oct. 14, 1971. It wasn’t
Sergeant Blair Bannerman
Sergeant Stephen Joseph Chisholm
a day that went down in
Corporal Stephen J. Curley
history, but it’s a
Constable Frederick Gordon Rutledge
moment in time that
Sergeant Kevin Thomas Scott
inspector Hugh Muir
Stellarton Police Service
will never forget.
Sergeant Paul Douglas Pentz
For weeks before,
Trenton Police Service
he’d
sat
in
the
Constable Bruce MacPhee
passenger seat of a
Sergeant Walter Smith
police cruiser, watching
Westville Police Service
and learning from an
Constable Kenneth Robert Paquet
Constable George Arthur Phillips
experienced officer. But
on that day 37 years
25-YEAR RECIPIENTS:
ago, Muir sat in the Several Pictou County officers were honoured Tuesday in Halifax by the
New Glasgow Police Service
driver’s seat and headed justice minister. Some of the 25-year award recipients include, from left,
Chief James Delaney Chisholm
out on the streets of in front: Westville Police Chief Don Hussher, Stellarton Inspector Hugh
Sergeant Joseph Anthony DiPersio
Muir and New Glasgow Police Chief Delaney Chisholm. In the middle row
Deputy Chief Eric Roy MacNeil
Toronto by himself.
“I remember it was a are: New Glasgow Sgt. Duane Rutledge, Westville Sgt. Robert Stewart and Sergeant Donald Sifton McDavid
Police Chief Bob White. In the back are: Westville Sgt. Howard
Sergeant Duane Malcolm Rutledge
very busy day – nothing Trenton
Dunbar, Westville Const. Robert Chisholm and Trenton Const. Hughie
Stellarton Police Service
really of consequence, Palmer. CNS Photo
Sergeant Wayne M. Crane
but it was a day of pride
Chief Ambrose James Heighton
for me,” Muir recalled.
Inspector Hugh Robert Muir
“These inaugural awards recognize our
“There I was, a
Sergeant G. Wayne Pembleton
longest-serving members who deserve
young fellow from a
Trenton
Police Service
our support and thanks for their public
small town in Nova
Constable Hughie J. Palmer
service.” Premier Rodney MacDonald
Sergeant John D. Walsh
Scotia, driving around
Chief Robert G. White
on my own in the big
Westville
Service
streets of Toronto. I’d driven around before, but it was
“These inaugural ConstablePolice
Robert Anthony Chisholm
the first time I was in charge of the vehicle and making awards recognize our Sergeant Howard James Dunbar
all the decisions and couldn’t look across the seat to a l o n g e s t - s e r v i n g Chief Donald Edward Hussher
senior man or woman and ask what they’d do.”
members
who Constable Kelly Wayne Oickle
Back then, police officers only had to be five foot 10 deserve our support Sergeant Robert Wayne Stewart
and have a Grade 12 education. Now, of course, that’s all and thanks for their
changed, Muir said, where the emphasis is more on public service,” said Premier Rodney MacDonald.
brains than brawn.
The provincial program recognized officers who have
Trenton Police Chief Bob White was one of a dying served in the province for 15 and 25 straight years.
breed of officers who joined the police force by walking
It also represents years of dedication said New
in off the street. It’s something that would never happen Glasgow Police Chief Delaney Chisholm, who has 35
today, but previously, they’d be hired first and trained years of service.
later.
“It’s certainly a privilege to be honoured for long
Police work has changed over the years as well, says service by the province,” said Chisholm. “You don’t get
the 38-year veteran officer. Over the past few decades, into police with the aspiration of getting a medal – you
scientific innovations like DNA have opened new doors, do it with the hope that you can help people, just make
while co-operation between agencies has changed the some little difference in society.”
scope of the job.
“There’s a lot more co-operation and support now,”
“You don’t get into police work with the
says White. “Between departments, between children’s
aspiration of getting a medal – you do it with
aid, victim’s services, the court – and many more. Years
the hope that you can help people, just
ago, you didn’t share that information, like you do today.
make some little difference in society.”
That’s what gets the job done today.”
New Glasgow Police
On Tuesday, Muir and White were among 28 Pictou
Chief Delaney Chisholm
County police officers to receive long-service awards at a
ceremony in Halifax.
Originally Published Friday, October 24, 2008
The News
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
19
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call our Waste Reduction
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or check out our website at
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20
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Traffic Study Indicates
Cell Phones Still Abused
By Debbi Harvie
When the new cell phone ban came into effect
April 1, prohibiting motorists in Nova Scotia from
using a hand held cellular device while driving,
many motorists began abiding by the new law.
A recent survey on East River Road in New
Glasgow, however, indicates that four months later,
people are less conscious about abiding by the law.
“The number of cell phone infractions has
increased; it may simply be due to the fact that
people think they won’t get caught, they think it’s
not being enforced or they have just forgotten
about the law and it is a habit, as common as
turning on the stereo in the car,” says Const. Ken
MacDonald of New Glasgow Police Service.
The survey was conducted by summer students
at New Glasgow Police Service.
The survey, over four days last month at a busy
intersection involved one hour each day during the
lunchtime rush. Students counted the number of
vehicles driving through the intersection and
recorded the number of drivers using their
handheld cell phones while driving.
Out of a little more than 3,000 vehicles, 56
people over the four days were recorded using the
devices while driving.
“That’s a very high number in terms of traffic
safety,” says MacDonald.
MacDonald says the reason the law was put
into place was because cell phones have been
attributed to causing motor vehicle collisions
because they cause a distraction for the driver.
“The Highway Safety Research Center conducts
traffic studies across North America and found
people using cellular devices are two times as likely
to be involved in a motor vehicle collision than
someone not on a cell phone because it creates a
distraction,” says MacDonald.
He says many people will come to a stop sign
and begin talking on their cells. Although the car is
not in motion, it doesn’t mean you can use your
phone at a light or stop sign.
“We encourage people to pull to the side of the
road when and where it is safe,” he says.
Under the MVA, a first offense for using a
handheld cell phone while driving is a fine in the
amount of $164.50, a second offence is $222 and a
third and subsequent offences are $337.
Originally Published August 6, 2008
Pictou Advocate
Truro Cops Cruisin’ in Style
Vehicles win second place in beauty contest
By Mary Ellen MacIntyre
Truro Bureau
Truro police service’s cruisers came in second for best
looking police vehicle in a national contest featured in
Blue Line Magazine, a monthly law-enforcement
publication.
“My Assistant put the magazine on my desk Monday
and pointed out the contest,” Truro Police Chief David
MacNeil said. “I said our new detailing on our cruisers
was just as good as the first-place winner, and my
assistant agreed.”
He paused.
“Then we opened the magazine and saw our vehicles
were tied for second place across Canada,” Chief
MacNeil said with a laugh.
The Truro cruiser’s white body with swooping black
and blue lines across the sides tied with the Sûreté du
Québec vehicle, and the first-place winner was the York
Regional Police (Ontario) cruiser. The Quebec and
Ontario designs also incorporate bands of colour as
distinguishing marks.
“Truro was recognized for its sweeping graphic design
and excellent use of a drop-shadow effect while still
maintaining readability,” the article says.
The design was devised with help from a local sign
company, Vi-Tech Signs.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
21
“They did a really good job on the vehicles, and we’re
really pleased with the design,” Chief MacNeil said.
P.O. Box 395
North Sydney, N.S.
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22
OF
N OVA S COTIA
KEEP A SHARP EYE
Allan Paquet, right, senior analyst for the
Bank of Canada, holds two Canadian $20
notes, one counterfeit and the other
legitimate. Heading into the Christmas
shopping season, Paquet said the bank is
advising consumers and retailers to be
aware of counterfeiting and the security
features on modern Canadian currency. At
left is Const. Ken MacDonald of the New
Glasgow Police Service. MacDonald said
more than $1,000 in fake cash was
intercepted by local police last year, mostly
in small denominations of $20 or less.
However, Paquet said with counterfeiting,
the denominations change from year to
year.
Sean Kelly – The News
Originally Published Friday October 24, 2008
OPERATION
IMPACT
The Advocate, Wednesday,
October 15, 2008
New Glasgow Police Service’s traffic unit
were out in full force Thanksgiving weekend
making sure the holiday weekend was as
safe as possible. Operation Impact began
Friday morning and continued throughout the weekend at six different locations and will continue through
the month of October, reminding people to wear their seat belts and drive safe. From left are Const. Chris
Pitts and Sgt. Kevin Scott checking the inspection sticker and plates while Const. Ken MacDonald greets a
car on the opposite side of the road. Over the weekend, New Glasgow police charged eight people with
seat bet infractions, four with speeding, three for not having motor vehicle inspections, two for driving
unregistered vehicles and two for smoking in a vehicle with a child (under the Smoke Free Places Act).
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
23
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24
OF
N OVA S COTIA
POLICE TRAINING COSTS
TIME AND MONEY
Originally Published Tuesday,
March 31, 2009 The Guardian
By Frank Zakem commentary
•Psychology: Police applied social sciences.
I am old enough to remember that in order to get
•Sociology: Police applied social sciences and
hired on the city police force, you had to be over 200
community based policing.
pounds, be a good hockey player and have a connection
•Criminal investigations 1 and 2.
at City Hall.
This seems like a very comprehensive program and
Thankfully things have changed over the years.
Policing has become an important profession that should produce a good qualified police officer. I could
requires unique qualifications of those desiring to enter be wrong, but the problem, as I see it, is that this is only
the field. When I was elected to city council in 1964, a 25-week program and 10 of those weeks are on-the-job
training for police officers in the region was inadequate. training. That leaves 15 weeks for all the other courses.
Police officers were often trained on the job or through There is no way you can do justice to the profession in
25 weeks.
short courses arranged by their departments.
My recollection is that our first cadet program was a
At the annual meeting of the Maritime Provinces
Chamber of Commerce in Charlottetown in June of 1970, one-year program. Even that was too short 37 years ago.
the chief of police for te City of Chatham, N.B., Dan With more complex problems in our society such as drug
Allan, put forward a resolution asking that support be problems, family breakdown and disputes, sensitivity to
given to establish formal training for police officers in the our diverse population and the importance of
communications between the police and the public, one
region.
I represented the city at the chamber meeting and I would think that the 25 week program for police training
became very interested and excited with Chief Allan’s would be far from adequate.
One of the big problems is the cost of training. It
resolution and the support the chamber gave. I was chair
of the police committee at the time. Chief Sterns Webster costs $16,250 tuition. Add on room and board and the
and I were quite anxious to provide our police some total comes to almost $25,000. Double the time of the
training and you can almost
formal training.
Next to our family, church and school, the
double the cost of training.
I joined Holland College
Next to our family, church
in 1970 to set up the police profession will likely have the most impact
and
school,
the
police
business
administration
on our daily lives
profession will likely have the
program. Chief Webster and
I approached Dr. Glendenning and discussed police most impact on our daily lives. We owe it to our citizens
training and Chief Allan’s resolution. We invited Chief to have a well-trained proficient police department and
Allan to the college to discuss his vision, an advisory we owe it to our police to ensure they have the
committee of the police was established, and an analysis opportunity to keep up and improve their skills.
It’s time to think outside the box to see how the 25of the skills required for municipal policing were
week cadet program can be expanded to allow the
identified.
The college moved quickly. It hired W.J.R (Mac) cadets more time to cover their courses. At the same time
MacDonald who was able to professionally put together there should be, if it is not already in place, an in-house
a one-year program. In february 1971, The First 15 refresher course to help our police to keep abreast of the
students, including three females, began their training in latest advances in the police field.
the new police technology program at Holland College.
Frank Zakem is a former Mayor of Charlottetown.
The police program went through a lot of ‘growing
pains’ but eventually became the Atlantic Police
Academy funded by the four provinces and is now
recognized by the Canadian Association of Chiefs of
Police and the Canadian Professional Police Association.
I was prompted to write this letter when I read that
Constable Gary
the Charlottetown Police Report identified that the police
Clow accepts a
required more training. If you read the courses required
donation
from
for the current cadet program you will find the following
Blair
Cutcliff,
outline:
Charlottetown Y’s
•Police vehicle operation and speed measurement
Men’s
Club. The
devices.
Y’s
Men’s
Club
•Police reporting systems and computer literacy.
made a $2000
•Occupational safety for police.
donation towards
•Intervention and use of force: restraints and
the Drug Abuse
intermediate weapons.
•Judgmental use of force simulation training.
Resistance
•Police firearm proficiency and tactical training.
E d u c a t i o n
•Police physical abilities development.
(D.A.R.E.)
•On the job training workplace experience program.
program
for
•Law; criminal code and Federal Statues 1 and 2.
elementary
school
•Principals of traffic services.
I D.A.R.E. you
Grade 6 students.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
25
121 Ilsley Ave., Unit L
Dartmouth, N.S.
B3B 1S4
Tel. 902-468-6089
Fax. 902-468-3202
1535 Dresden Row, Suite 207
Halifax, N.S.
B3J 3T1
Telephone: (902) 832-9411
Fax: (902) 832-9422
www.dresdenrowmarket.ca
26
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Area police plan to step up
traffic patrols as students head
back to school
By Sarah Regan
The News
New Glasgow – While dropping your child off at school
next week don’t be surprised if you get a tap on your
window by a man or woman in uniform.
With the start of the school year comes an increase in the
number of pedestrians and vehicles on the road
You may notice over the next couple weeks an increase
in police presence in and around schools. Extra police will
be assigned to monitor school zones, handing out tickets to
motorists who fail to yield to school buses and crosswalks.
It is all part of the launch of New Glasgow Police
Service’s Operation School Zone Safety.
“The safety of students returning to school is our top
priority this time of year,” says New Glasgow police officer
Const. Ken MacDonald.
“The public hasn’t seen a school bus in two months, so
there is bound to be some violations.”
In fact, a 2006 study by Nova Scotia Safety Council
revealed 401 incidents where a motorist passed a bus
illegally over a 10 day-period.
“That’s a huge number,” says MacDonald.
Under the Motor Vehicle Act, failing to stop for flashing
red school bus has a first offence fine of $394.50, which
increases to $682 for the second offence and $1,257 for the
third and subsequent offenses.
There’s a $279.50 fine for motorists found to exceed the
50 kilometer speed limit through a school zone.
“The probability of an accident happening sharply
increases with the start of the school,” says MacDonald. “So
be on the lookout and pay closer attention when in areas
populated by students.”
Fast facts about back to school traffic
Number of bus runs a day in Nova Scotia: . . . . . 4,447
Number of students transported daily: . . . . . . . . 95,969
Kilometers traveled daily: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163,348
(close to 30 million annually)
Source – Nova Scotia Safety Council
Const. Graham Purvis
will be among officers
assigned to monitor
school zones next week,
issuing tickets to
motorists who fail to
yield to school buses.
As originally published
August, 2008
THE CHARLOTTETOWN POLICE CHOIR
PARTICIPATING IN THE CANADIAN POLICE ANNUAL MEMORIAL SERVICE
HELD AT PARLIAMENT HILL IN OTTAWA
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
27
J’inscris mon enfant au
Conseil scolaire acadien provincial
Le mandat du CSAP est d’offrir une éducation en français langue
première, reconnue pour son excellence.
Les principes d'enseignement du CSAP reposent sur la pédagogie
qui promeut la responsabilité de l'élève tout en assurant un
encadrement pédagogique solide.
Cape BretonVictoria
Au CSAP, l'atteinte des résultats d'apprentissage s'articule
principalement autour des sept domaines suivants : la langue et
la culture françaises, l'expression artistique, le civisme, la
communication, le développement personnel, la résolution de
problèmes et les compétences en technologie.
BUREAUX ADMINISTRATIFS :
Siège social
C.P. 88, Saulnierville , N.-É. B0W 2Z0
Téléphone : 902-769-5460 Télécopieur : 902-769-5461
Regional School Board
Région Sud-Ouest
9248, Route 1, Meteghan River, N.-É.
Lifelong Learning – Developing Our Full Potential
Région centrale
199, avenue du Portage, Dartmouth, N.-É. B2X 3T4
MAIN OFFICE
275 George Street, Sydney, NS B1P 1J7
Tel: (902) 564-8293
Fax: 564-0123 (Educational)
Fax: 562-6814 (Business)
Région Nord-Est
C.P. 100, Petit-de-Grat, N.-É. B0E 2L0
Téléphone : 902-226-5230 T Télécopieur. : 902-226-5231
Vi s i t ez no t re Si t e Web à l ’adres s e s ui v ant e :
ht t p :/ / cs ap . ednet . ns . ca
Website: www.cbv.ednet.ns.ca
Vous y trouverez une gamme de renseignements
sur le fonctionnement du CSAP.
28
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HEADING BACK TO SCHOOL
By Sarah Regan
The News
New Glasgow - Students at North Nova
Education Centre will notice a new addition to their
community as they make their way back to class
today.
A police officer has been assigned to the high
school full time. Const. Rebecca Heighton, who has
served with the New Glasgow Police Service for the
past two years, is the new school resource officer.
Heighton’s job is to educate, mentor, counsel and
advise students on police-related matters. She will
also coach the girl’s hockey team and assist in
intramural sports.
“I’m really excited to start,” says Heighton. “I got
to have lunch with a few of the students yesterday
and got the impression from them they are looking
forward to having an officer around to answer any
law related questions they may have.”
Heighton’s first day will be today. She will be
introduced to faculty and staff during an assembly
Friday.
She will also work as a resource officer for the
feeder school at New Glasgow Junior High and the
Adult High School.
“Rebecca is actually a perfect fit for this position,”
says Con st. Ken MacDonald, New Glasgow Police
Service. “She is eager to work with youth, which is
why she was chosen.”
Heighton is the ‘first police officer in Pictou
County to be assigned to work at a school full time.
Funding for her position came from the
Department of Justice’s commitment to put at least
one police officer in all municipalities as part of the
Boots to the Streets program.
“Const. Heighton is going to be very much a part
of our school,” says principal Eileen English. “I
think it will give students a chance see a police
officer in a different light. Plus, maybe she can help
when we have parking issues.”
In preparation for the start of the school year,
RCMP have assigned part time school liaison
officers to each of the 13 schools policed by
the RCMP within Pictou County and the Town
of Pictou. The 18 RCMP members, including
two DARE officers, will work to strengthen the
relationship between police and youth.
Const. Rebecca
Heighton is the new
school resource
officer at North Nova
Education Centre. She
is the first officer in
Pictou County to be
appointed to a school
full time.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
29
Always Working to Save
You Money!
30
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Tim Hortons All Stars
vs.
PANS All Stars
For fifteen years, the Tim Hortons All Stars have toured communities across the
Atlantic provinces to play exhibition hockey games against local police departments,
raising funds for the police association’s activities and local charities. Sadly, they
decided to hang up their skates, so this past season was their Farewell Tour.
PANS would like to sincerely thank the Tim Hortons All Stars for the opportunity of
assembling their own All Star team to battle the Tim Hortons All Stars on a number of
occasions over the past 13 years, and helping PANS to raise over $300,000 for
communities across Nova Scotia!
Some of the charities that have benefitted from these games are…
Annapolis Valley M.A.D.D. Chapter
Canadian Cancer Society
Canadian Diabetes Association
Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation
Canadian National Institute for the Blind
Canadian Paraplegic Association
Cape Breton Transition House
Children’s Wish Foundation
Colchester Community Workshop Foundation
Colchester Ground Search & Rescue
D.A.R.E. Program
Eastern Kings on the Move Youth Program
Feed Nova Scotia
Fidelis House
Kings County SPCA
Paediatric Unit Cape Breton Regional Hospital
Palliative Care Unit of the Aberdeen Hospital
Pictou County Food Bank
Pictou County Fuel Fund
Queen Elizabeth Hospital Foundation
Salvation Army
Snap Buckle & Drive Car Seat Safety Program
Tearman House
Tim Horton Children’s Foundation
Truro Figure Skating Club
Victoria Park Outdoor Swimming Pool Fund
THANK YOU, Tim Hortons All Stars, for making this all possible!
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
31
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Atlantic Canadaʼs Site for
Premium Seafood at
Wholesale Pricing
Worldlink Food Distributors
Proud to support PANS
MI’KMAQ
To the Police Association of Nova Scotia:
Thank you for providing the highest quality
police service to all Nova Scotia residents and
visitors.
Gas & Convenience
Best wishes for another successful year!
MORNEAU
SOBECO
Membertou
Street
Sydney NS
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St. John’s • Toronto • Vancouver
www.morneausobeco.com
32
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The 11th Annual Benefit Game in Wolfville on January 22, 2009
raised over $7,000, allowing PANS to make generous contributions to such
organizations as the Annapolis Valley M.A.D.D. Chapter and
the Tim Horton Children's Foundation.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
33
104 Starrs Rd.
Yarmouth, NS
B5A 2T5
Proud supporters of
Police Association of Nova Scotia
Dickinson
Bros.
RR#3, Southampton
Cumberland County, Nova Scotia B0M 1W0
MLA Pat Dunn
Pictou Centre
Proud to be part of
the NS Agricultural Community as producers
of maple, strawberries & blueberries.
BUY LOCAL PRODUCTS
For assistance, please call
752-3646
138 Campbell Street, New Glasgow,
NS B2H 5Y1
patdunnmla@ns.aliantzinc.ca
www.patdunn.ca
Phone:
Proud to Support PANS
Fax:
(902) 546-2342
(902) 546-2787
email: dickinson@xplornet.com
House of Assembly
Nova Scotia
34
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N OVA S COTIA
The 10th Annual Benefit Hockey Game in New Glasgow
on February 4, 2009 raised over $6,000 in proceeds,
enabling PANS to give a generous contributions to the
Salvation Army, Pictou County Fuel Fund and the
Tim Horton Children's Foundation.
ow
lasg
G
New ame
G
ll
Farewe
Tour!
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
35
The 1300 + members of the
International Brotherhood of Electrical
Workers, local 625 supports the efforts of the
PANS to raise the awareness level of the
public to the terrible toll drinking and driving
takes on our highways. Please drink
responsibility and designate a driver.
Serving the Electrical Industry
for over 100 years.
I.B.E.W. - The Union of Hearts and Minds
58 McQuade Lake Crescent,
Halifax, Nova Scotia B3S 1G8
Ph: 902-450-5625 www.ibewlocal625.ca
JOHN ROSS &
SONS LTD.
1395 Blair Lake Road, RR#6
P.O. Box 428 Amherst,, NS B4H 3Y4
Scrap Metal New & Used
Structural
7 Cummane Street,
Truro, N.S.
P.O. Box 841
Truro, N.S. B2N 5G6
Bus: (902) 893-9429
Fax: (902) 893-9420
36
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The 13th Annual Benefit Game in Halifax on March 25, 2009,
was another tremendous success with over $12,500 in proceeds raised,
allowing PANS to donate $4,000 to Feed Nova Scotia, whose immediate
goal is to respond to people’s hunger,
and
$1,000 to the Tim Horton Children’s Foundation.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
37
chuckwagon freight
AMBROSE J. HEIGHTON
CHIEF OF POLICE
TOWN OF STELLARTON
582-7109
250 Foord St., P.O. Box 609
Stellarton, NS B0K 1S0
Canning, NS
(902) 752-6160 Office
(902) 752-4101 Fax
Email:aheighton@town.stellarton.ns.ca
www.town.stellarton.ns.ca
Thank you for supporting
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7001 Mumford Road
Tower 1 Halifax NS B3L 4W4
902.679.2500
(902) 454-7990
38
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PUBLIC HEALTH
Grey Bruce Health Unit
Impaired Driving
The Facts:
Impaired driving contributes significantly to injury and loss of life. It is a leading criminal cause of death in Canada.
Over 34% of motor vehicle fatalities involve alcohol. Direct and indirect costs of alcohol-related crashes in Canada
are estimated to be $7.52 billion annually.
The operation of any motorized vehicle in Canada legally requires the driver have a blood alcohol concentration
under the legal limit of .08 %. Results of a MADD Canada survey showed that 78% of Canadians personally have
known someone who has driven a vehicle when they thought they were over the legal limit and 4 out of 10
Canadians acknowledge that they have driven a vehicle when they believe that they were legally impaired.
That Was An Expensive Drink! (penalties and fines)
Impaired driving can not only have deadly effects and cause suffering of individuals and their families, but perhaps
not so well-known is the actual cost to an impaired driver who is convicted for even a first offense. The following
information, taken from the Ministry of Transportationís “Break The Law Pay The Price” brochure (2003), itemizes
the costs involved in an impaired driving conviction:
ITEM
COST
LEGAL COSTS (estimated range)
CRIMINAL CODE FINE
Back on track PROGRAM
LICENSE REINSTATEMENT FEE
INCREASED INSURANCE (estimate)
($3000 extra per year for 3 years)
IGNITION INTERLOCK
$2000 - $10000
$600
$475
$100
$9000
$1300
TOTAL MINIMUM COST*
(plus applicable taxes on some items)
$13475
ACTUAL COSTS MAY BE HIGHER
*Other potential costs include property damage, loss of employment income and insured and uninsured medical
costs.
Ontario leads the way in combating drinking and driving through some of the toughest laws and programs in
North America, including:
• Immediate license suspension
• Stiff fines
• Longer suspension periods
• Mandatory alcohol education and treatment program
• Vehicle impoundment
• Ignition Interlock program
(taken from MTO “Break The Law Pay The Price” brochure, 2003)
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
39
NAPWICK HOLDINGS
LIMITED
P.O. Box 100
Truro, NS
B2N 5B6
71 Wright Ave.
Burnside
Dartmouth, N.S.
B3B 1H4
(902) 895-1551
THE GIFFIN GROUP
Providing Real Estate Developments since 1970
Northkent Estates - Kentville
Parkwood Mini Home Court - New Minas
Avon Heights Subdivision - Hants Border
K & N Repairs
RR 1 Lo wer L’Ardo i s e
Ri ch. Co . N. S.
B0 E 1 W0
Avon Heights
Marine, C ommercial & A utomotiv e R epairs
Pho ne: 9 0 2 -5 8 7 -2 7 0 8 Fax : 9 0 2 -5 8 7 -2 7 0 9
Cel l : 9 0 2 -6 2 3 -0 2 6 5
Kel l y Cl anno n, Pro pri eto r
Lot Sales - Rentals
Ph 902-679-1443
Fax 679-0170
e-mail: pat.giffin@ns.sympatico
M.V. OSPREY LTD.
F. Morrison & Sons Ent. Ltd.
Ultramar Branded Distributor
P.O. Box 31
Whycocomagh,
Nova Scotia B0E 3M0
Tel: (902) 835-4848
Fax: (902) 835-6269
Website: www.dssmarine.com
Tel: (902) 756-2336
Fax: (902) 756-2772
385 Purves Street
D.O.T. Wharf, P.O. Box 188
North Sydney, N.S.
Canada B2A 3M3
Tel: (902) 794-1600
Fax: (902) 794-1416
Heather D. Banfield
Board Certified Ocularist
377 Main Street
Yarmouth, N.S.
B5A 1G1
671 Main St.
Dartmouth, N.S. B2W 3T6
Toll Free: 1-800-565-1027
Local: (902) 468-2610
Offices throughout the Maritimes
AML Painting Ltd.
TEL. (902) 662-3820
FAX (902) 662-2891
Sand Blasting & Spray Painting Contractors
MILLEN FARMS LTD.
Industrial, Commercial,
Marine & Heavy Equipment
CERTIFIED STRAWBERRY PLANT NURSERY
STRAWBERRY U-PICK
80 LITTLE DYKE ROAD
CURTIS MILLEN
R.R. 1 GREAT VILLAGE
President
N.S. B0M 1L0
Fresh Packed Blueberries
Arnold MacLeod
Tel: 736-1144 or 625-0256
Cellular 227-5757 Fax: 736-0266
40
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Canada Safety Council
CANADA’S VOICE AND RESOURCE FOR SAFETY
The Responsible Host
In May 2006, the Supreme Court of Canada passed its decision on a tragic impaired driving case: social hosts of
parties do not owe a duty of care to members of the public who may be injured by an intoxicated guestʼs conduct.
In the early hours of January 1, 1999, a drunk driver crashed head-on into a car, killing a young man and seriously
injuring a young woman, who is now a paraplegic. The woman tried to sue the hosts of the party which the driver
had just left.
The event that led to the crash was a New Yearʼs party. However, many other occasions trigger parties — for
example, the Stanley Cup and the Grey Cup. In fact, impaired driving peaks in the summer, when people drink at
outdoor terraces, festivals, golf, barbecues and other vacation activities.
Whatever the Supreme Court decides, the Canada Safety Council recommends that party hosts monitor and
supervise the service and consumption of alcohol.
If you plan to host a party, check your insurance to see if it covers any incident that may occur on (or as a result of
actions on) your property. The Canada Safety Council offers some practical advice:
1. Either donʼt drink or limit your own consumption of alcohol so you can be aware of how much your guests
are drinking.
2. Know your guests – it is much easier to track the changes in behaviour of those you know. Inviting strangers
increases risk.
3. Monitor and supervise the serving of alcohol. Designate non-drinkers to do this. A “bartender” should control
the size and number of drinks.
4. Keep the focus off alcohol. Serve a lot of food that has protein and fat – salt encourages more drinking and
sugar does not mix well with alcohol. For drinks, offer non-alcoholic choices.
5. See guests in and out. Greet all guests on arrival and departure, taking the opportunity to assess their
condition.
6. If a guest is drunk, encourage him or her to give you their car keys. Buddy up with a friend to persuade the
intoxicated person to take a cab.
7. Keep the phone numbers of cab companies handy and tell the guest that a cab has been ordered. Donʼt give
the option to refuse.
8. If the guest is very drunk, keep that person with you until they have sobered or can be left with a sober
responsible person.
9. Only time will sober the person, not more fluids or food. Offering a spare bed is a good recourse.
10. If the person refuses to hand over the car keys or spend the night at your house, call the police. This may
seem drastic, but it may be the choice between an upset friend or far more tragic consequences.
Having a plan helps you prevent problems (or at least handle them in the least unpleasant way) and hopefully enjoy
your own party.
© 2006 Canada Safety Council
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
http://www.safety-council.org
41
This space sponsored by :
JENTRONICS
Electronic Components & Industrial Controls
Atlantic
News Stand
15 Weston Court, Burnside Industrial Park, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B3B 2C8
We support PANS
5560 Morris Street
Halifax, NS
Tel.: (902) 468-7987 • 1-800-456-6598 • Fax: (902) 468-3430
www.jentronics.ns.ca
429-5468
Norm Smith Electric Limited
Box 172
Kingston, Nova Scotia
B0P 1R0
Tel: 902 756-4212
Fax: 902 765-2999
Email: nseltd@ns.aliantzinc.ca
CHATER
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250 Wyse Road
Dartmouth, N.S. B3A 1N2
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Phone 902-681-6972 Fax 902-681-0779
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42
425-1322
6169 Quinpool Rd.
Halifax
Truro Heights Irving
Restaurant
86 Connector Road
Exit 13 Highway #102
Truro Heights, N.S. B2N 5A9
902-897-0333
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Blood Alcohol Limits: Canada and the World
The federal government appears set to re-enter the longstanding debate about whether to reduce the blood alcohol
concentration (BAC) for impaired driving in the Criminal Code of Canada. The permissible BAC limit in the Criminal
Code is .08 (80 milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood).Some advocate a lower criminal limit of .05 (50
milligrams of alcohol in 100 millilitres of blood). They argue that Canada lags behind other countries in its fight
against impaired driving, and should follow an international trend to legislate a .05 limit.
Traffic Code or Criminal Code
In Canada, two levels of government deal with impaired driving. The federal Criminal Code is applied at BACs of
.08 and over. In addition, nine of Canadaʼs 13 provincial and territorial jurisdictions impose administrative licence
suspensions on drivers whose BAC is under .08. Those drivers immediately lose their licence for four to 24 hours,
longer with subsequent violations.
Driving with a BAC of .05 is not permissible under the traffic acts in most provinces and territories. The real issue
is whether drivers should be criminalized if their BAC is under .08.
“The priority must be to prevent alcohol-related crashes, not just to punish drinking drivers,” says Emile Therien,
president of the Canada Safety Council. “Most drivers involved in alcohol-related fatal crashes have BACs over .15.
Thatʼs the group the government should focus on.”
Therien notes the absence of evidence that charging low-BAC drivers criminally would prevent more deaths and
injuries than continuing to deal with them under provincial and territorial traffic regulations.
What is the international trend?
Is there an international trend to criminalize drivers at the .05 level? In 2002 the Canada Safety Council
commissioned a study to provide a credible, detailed analysis of how Canadaʼs blood alcohol laws compare with
other developed countries. The Council wanted a legal expert to examine Canadaʼs blood alcohol limits objectively
in the international context.
Law professor David Paciocco, from the University of Ottawa, compared Canadaʼs blood alcohol legislation with
similar laws in countries which have similar legal and political traditions. In Canadaís Blood Alcohol Laws - an
International Perspective he found that approaches to BAC law internationally are complex and varied. The report
was updated in March 2006 to determine whether recent developments affect its conclusions.
“There have been changes,” says Professor Paciocco, “but they do not alter the conclusions in my original report.
Countries and jurisdictions with .05 limits still tend not to use criminal law approaches, which is what Canada would
be doing by amending the Criminal Code.”
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
43
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Electrical Contracting
Residential - Commercial
Meeting ALL Your Electrical Needs
No Job is Too Small
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Woodside, Canning, NS
B0P 1H0
Phone Mike Today
563-6068 / 564-8058
902-582-7746
Over 30 Years Experience
Mike Marsh
Regional Manager, NS & NL
IRVING EQUIPMENT
43 Atlantic Street
Dartmouth, NS
B2Y 4P4
Toll Free: 1-800-561-2726
Telephone: (709) 726-8794
Direct Line: (902) 494-5877
Cell: (902) 456-2589
Fax: (709) 726-8799
Local: (902) 429-7000
Fax: (902) 455-9335
Web: www.irvingequipment.com
mmarsh@irvingequipment.com
Head Office
(902) 443-8311
P.O. Box 9078, Stn. A, Halifax, N.S. B3K 5M7
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260 Brownlow Ave.
Tel. (902) 468-6665
Fax (902) 468-2696
IAN C. GRIFFITHS
City
Printers Ltd.
PHONE: (902) 624-2400
FAX No. (902) 624-2402
REPAIR SHOP:
391 BLUEWATER ROAD
ATLANTIC ACRES, BEDFORD, N.S.
B4B 1J7
PHONE: (902) 835-4212
FAX No. (902) 835-5212
Toilet Rentals
902-823-3043
902-564-8245
GENERAL MANAGER
Open: Monday to Saturday
Johnny on the Spot
180 Townsend Street
Sydney, NS
ELROY M. MATTATALL
Located at
1903 Barrington Street
(Barrington Place Shops)
492-0130
OFFICE:
P.O. Box 700
Mahone Bay, N.S., B0J 2E0
HARRIS & ROOME SUPPLY, A DIVISION OF
GRAYBAR CANADA LIMITED
HALIFAX
3600 Joseph Howe Dr.
Tel. (902) 443-8311
Fax (902) 443-5171
60
sary
iver
Ann r Coin
Silve able
il
Ava
767 Main Street
Dartmouth, N.S.
B2W 3T9
(902) 462-1434
j. m. giffin engineering inc.
6552 Bayers Road
Halifax, N.S.
B3L 2B3
(902) 453-1434
James M. Giffin, P. Eng.
President
structural consultants
B. John Green, P. Eng.
Vice President
21042 Lower LaPlanche Street
Box 189, Amherst, N.S. B4H 3Z2
Tel. (902) 667-3300
Fax. (902) 667-9399
E-Mail giffin.eng@ns.sympatico.ca
125 Sackville Drive
Lower Sackville, N.S.
B4C 2R3
(902) 864-1434
44
OF
N OVA S COTIA
(...Blood Alcohol Limits: Canada and the World continued)
Based on his analysis, Paciocco seriously questions arguments based on trends in foreign legislation to justify
changes in Canadaʼs blood alcohol law. “If international trends are going to be used at all,” he suggests, “it would
be more relevant to ask if Canadaís practice of not using criminal law for drivers under .08 is in line with the trend.
Definitely it is.”
Of the 77 jurisdictions examined in the report, only eight, or slightly over 10 percent, see fit to treat .05 as a crime.
Canada Already Very Strict
A comparison of potential penalties at .09 for first offenders shows Canada treats BAC offenders very harshly
compared with other countries. Canadian law allows for the highest possible maximum prison sentence - five years.
The next longest possible prison sentence, even in the United States where jail is more widely used, is two years.
A first offender in Canada at .09 would likely receive the minimum sentence of a $600 fine, which is significant by
international standards. The Canadian suspension for a first BAC offender ranks among the strictest in the world.
Our Criminal Code sanctions for .09 BAC offenders are already stricter than most jurisdictions internationally.
If the Criminal Code were to simply to substitute .05 for .08, it would treat drivers and those in care and control of
motor vehicles at that level the same as it currently treats .09 BAC offenders. That would make Canada the
harshest regime among comparative nations for .05 offenders.
“Quite simply,” concludes Professor Paciocco, “if we change the .08 BAC in the Criminal Code to .05, we will not
be doing so to keep up with the international Joneses, because .05 is not the standard of criminality internationally.
We will instead be joining the minority of nations who criminalize this BAC, and imposing what would be the most
onerous sentencing regime among comparative countries.”
Dealing with Lower-BAC Drivers
“It is important to send a strong message to drinking drivers with BACs below the .08 level,” says Therien. “We want
to prevent them from causing harm and prevent them from joining the high-BAC group, but this can be done very
effectively outside the Criminal Code.”
The Canada Safety Council advocates harmonization of provincial and territorial regulations, as well as enhanced
intervention programs, enforcement and public education. The Council also recommends treating administrative
licence suspensions in a similar way to traffic violations.
Therien points out that Canada is making progress in its fight against impaired driving. In 2003, road crashes
involving a driver who had been drinking took 902 lives, down 30 percent from 1995, when 1,296 motor vehicle
deaths involved a drinking driver. He says over-use of the Criminal Code could compromise the effectiveness of
regulations which have contributed to this progress.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
45
Stirling Fruit Farms (2000) Ltd.
10317 Highway 1
Wolfville, N.S.
Office: 542-3763
Email: greatapples@stirlingfruitfarms.ca
Continuing the family tradition
“Growing apples since 1917”
5 Farm Markets serving you:
Locations:
Amherst 661-2998
Bible Hill 895-4956
Blue Acres 7552458
Enfield 883-8023
Wolfville 542-2789
TTL Supply Ltd.
• Durabla Compressed Gasket Materials,
Lamons Spiral Wound, Metallic Gaskets
Rubber, Graphite, Intertex Fully Expanded
Teflon Products
• Specializing in Custom Cut Gasket Work
468-5202 55 Akerley Blvd., Unit #5 Dartmouth, NS Canada
Watch for our specials at:
www.stirlingfruitfarms.ca
www.ttlsupply.ca
Fax 468-2041
Stan Demings & Sons
Fisheries Ltd.
RR3 Shelburne, NS
B0T 1W0
225 GEORGE ST, STEWIACKE, NS
GENERATOR SALES/SERVICE
PUMPS * ELECTRIC MOTORS
MACHINING//WELDING//FIELD SERVICE
(902) 639-2464 OFF (902) 639-2184 FAX
www.bjelectricmotors.ca - bjelectric@eastlink.ca
875-3937
Proud to Support PANS
Bernard L. Mailman
Projects Ltd.
RR 2, Bridgewater, NS B4V 2W1
FREE ESTIMATES
TELEPHONE (902) 396-5061
Trucking • Dozer • Excavator • Backhoe • Crushing
Ken Jardine
RR#2 Westville
Pictou County, NS B0K 2A0
Facsimile: (902) 396-4444
Email: kenneth.jardine@ns.sympatico.ca
WINDOWS - DOORS - DECKS - GUTTERS - EXTERIOR & INTERIOR RENOVATIONS
46
Bernard Mailman, President
Ph: (902) 543-3936
Fax: (902) 543-2714
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Groundbreaking Research on DUI Offenders
While small in number, chronic drinking drivers are responsible for most of the harm caused by drunk driving in this
country. New discoveries point to approaches that could help these offenders change their behaviour.
For the past three years, the Addiction Research Program (ARP), a research partnership between the Douglas Hospital
Research Center, Pavillon Foster Addiction Treatment Center and McGill University in Montreal, has turned its gaze to
the problem of drunk driving. A series of studies are currently supported by the Quebec Ministry of Transport, Société
dʼassurance automobile du Québec (Quebec Automobile Insurance and Licensing Board), Fond québécois de la
recherche sur la société et culture, the Canadian Psychiatric Association Foundation and the Canada Safety Council.
Preliminary findings are now starting to emerge from these initiatives and are being reviewed for publication in scientific
journals.
The Most Effective Interventions
One pilot study looked at two types of intervention intended to reduce problematic drinking among 51 offenders convicted
for driving under the influence (DUI). The impact of an ultra-brief 20 minute intervention approach, called Motivational
Interviewing (MI), was compared to that of an information control condition which provided general statistics and
information about the risks of DUI. Participants were randomly assigned to one of these interventions. The main outcome
measures were percentage of days when hazardous drinking occurred (six or more standard drinks in a day), scores on
a questionnaire of negative consequences related to excessive drinking, and participantsʼ use of health services.
Follow-up interviews were conducted three and six months after intervention. Results at six months follow-up indicated
that exposure to MI resulted in a significantly greater reduction in hazardous drinking and fewer visits to health
professionals.
These results suggest that brief, low cost interventions like MI could have benefits when provided at “golden moments”
of opportunity, such as at the time of a court appearance or driving fitness evaluation of a convicted DUI offender. This
is important because DUI offenders are notorious for re-offending and not participating in sanctioned remedial programs
following their conviction. A larger study is now underway to more thoroughly test the potential of MI in this population.
Why Some Re-Offend, Others Donʼt
Another study, whose results will be published in an upcoming edition of Alcohol and Alcoholism, focused on
understanding why some individuals are at higher risk for DUI offending than others. The ARP team consisted of
experimental and neurocognitive psychologists, neurobiologists, and endocrinologists. They posed the question: other
than excessive alcohol drinking, what other factors could explain why some individuals repeatedly drink and drive, while
others do not?
Approximately 200 individuals with from one to eight DUI convictions were invited to the ARP laboratory for six hours of
testing and evaluation. Along with questionnaires probing drinking and drug use habits, information was gathered about
health, psychosocial adjustment, family background, memory and mental functioning. Moreover, blood, urine and salivary
samples were collected to test for signs of alcohol and drug use, as well as distinct measures of biologically and
genetically determined brain activity.
This unprecedented multidisciplinary study reveals that individuals who are repeatedly arrested for drinking and driving
may possess markers of a more biologically or genetically based form of drinking. This may be harder to control by the
usual intervention methods than other forms of drinking. If this finding is supported by further study, it would suggest that
some individuals might benefit from specially tailored intervention approaches that take this factor into account.
Thomas G. Brown, Ph.D.
Director, Addiction Research Program
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Psychiatry
Douglas Hospital Research Center/McGill University
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
47
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS GROUP /
ATLANTIC DIVISION
209 Kearney Lake Road, P.O. Box 2106,
Halifax, Nova Scotia B3J 3B7
Phone: (902) 443-0440
Fax: (902) 443-4817
Best Wishes to PANS
PPG Canada Inc.
81 Bluewater Road
Atlantic Acres Industrial Park
Bedford, Nova Scotia, B4B 1H4
Bus: (902) 835-7281
Fax: (902) 835-0681
Email: waynequinn@ppg.com
Town of
Port Hawkesbury
625-2746
PROUD TO
SUPPORT OUR
LOCAL POLICE
MEMBERS
Capital Ventilation
Systems Ltd.
62 Bluewater Rd., Bedford
835-9224
Supporting the Community through PANS’
Annual Community Guide
Dismas /Lavers
House
NATIONAL TRUCK TRAILER SALES
Complete Line of
USED TRAILERS • VANS • FLATBEDS • DUMPS
FLOATS • REEFERS & LOG TRAILERS
Warren Keizer
COLLINGWOOD, N.S.
TEL: (902) 686-3788
MOB: (902) 687-6849
FAX: (902) 686-3372
RES: (902) 686-3385
454 Queen Street
Truro, NS B2N 2C6
893-7226
P & R MacLeanʼs
Water & Trucking Co.
Stevie Crete
Foundations LTD
18 Brackstone Crt. Sackville, NS B4 A 2T4
675 Bissett Rd.
Cole Harbour, NS B2V 2T3
902.456.4616
902•865•4426
cell
902•830•9255
48
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Alcohol-Crash Stats
In 1998, the total number of alcohol-related crash deaths nation-wide dropped below 1,000 for the first time since statistics have been
available. Between 1988 and 2001, Ontario drinking and driving fatalities dropped by over half, from 439 to 204.
According to Transport Canada's report The Alcohol-Crash Problem in Canada: 2000, a total of 981 people died in alcohol-related
crashes in 2000. This includes off-road vehicles, as well as pedestrians with alcohol in their blood.
•
•
•
•
•
Out of 420 pedestrian fatalities, 38 per cent of those tested for alcohol had been drinking, and most of these had BACs over 0.08.
Almost nine out of every 10 people killed in alcohol-related collisions (87.4 per cent) were in or on the drinking driver's vehicle
(i.e. drivers/operators or passengers).
Almost nine out of every 10 drivers killed in alcohol-related collisions (87.5 per cent) were male.
Of all injured snowmobile operators who were killed, 62 per cent had been drinking, as had 49 per cent of the deceased operators
of other off-road vehicles.
Over half (56 per cent) of the drivers killed in single-vehicle crashes tested positive for alcohol, compared to only 20 per cent of
those killed in multiple-vehicle crashes.
Drinking and driving is a subset of alcohol-related crashes. In 2000, road crashes involving a driver who had been drinking killed 864
people, representing almost 30 per cent of all road fatalities. This is down by one-third from 1995, when 1,296 motor vehicle deaths
involved a drinking driver. Of the drinking-driving road fatalities, almost half (422) were drivers whose blood alcohol concentration
(BAC) was over 0.08.
In contrast, the United States has seen no substantial change in drink-driving fatalities over the past few years. In 1995, traffic fatalities
involving a drinking driver represented 42 per cent of road fatalities (17,732 deaths); in 2000, they represented 41 per cent (17,380
deaths).
Relatively few chronic hard core drinking drivers are responsible for most of the drunk driving problem in this country. High-BAC drivers
(i.e. those with BACs over 0.15) represent about one per cent of the cars on the road at night and on weekends. Yet they account for
nearly half of all drivers killed at those times. The hard core drinking driver is the biggest challenge to further progress.
Most provinces provide assessment and rehabilitation programs to prevent impaired drivers from continuing to endanger the public.
Ontario's remedial measures program started in September 1998. According to a May 2003 report, of the approximately 21,000
convicted impaired drivers who had gone through it, only 23 of the graduates had to repeat the course due to a subsequent conviction.
Provinces are also introducing alcohol ignition interlock, a small breath-testing unit linked to the ignition system. To operate the vehicle,
the driver must provide a breath sample. The device, installed at the offender's expense, reduces recidivism by as much as 90 per
cent while in use. When combined with rehabilitation, interlock is a very effective countermeasure.
In December 2002, Manitoba introduced a new law believed to be the toughest of its kind in North America. The government will seize
and sell the vehicles of repeat drunk drivers.
The statistics show that Canada's approach to impaired driving is working. Criminal sanctions, combined with provincial and territorial
countermeasures, are deterring people from drinking and driving. Canada is a leader in the fight against impaired driving, but we
cannot be complacent. Resources and hard work are needed to achieve further reductions.
Updates
In 2004, police reported about 79,000 incidents of impaired driving. The 2004 rate was stable compared to 2003, and 33 percent lower
than a decade prior.
In 2003, road crashes involving a driver who had been drinking killed 902 people, of which half (450) were drivers who were legally
impaired.
In a 2005 survey 6.7 percent of drivers said they had driven in the past year when they felt they were over the legal limit. That translates
into 1.5 million drivers and over 7.8 million trips.
Updated May 2006
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
http://www.safety-council.org/index.html
49
A & A Roofing Ltd.
1459 Lakewood Rd.,
EVANS, MacISAAC, MacMILLAN
KAROL AALDERS
P.O. Box 175
Kentville, N.S.
B4N 3W4
PH: (902) 678-4422
FAX: (902) 679-1513
409 Granville Street
Bus. (902) 625-0580
Port Hawkesbury, NS
Fax: (902) 625-2811
B9A 2M5
email:info@emmlaw.ca
“We are your Professional Roofing Contractor
serving the province of N.S.”
BRUCE S. OLAND
President
Lindwood Holdings
Keith Hall
P.O. Box 2066
Halifax, Nova Scotia
B3J 2Z1
Tel: (902) 429-6530
Municipality of the
County of Victoria
P.O. Box 370, 495 Chebucto Street
Baddeck, Nova Scotia
B0E 1B0
(902) 295-3231
www.victoriacounty.com
The Municipality of the County of Victoria is pleased to support
PANS’ 38TH ANNUAL CRIME PREVENTION GUIDE
Dave Storey, MBA
Field Service Leader
P.O. Box 490
Lunenburg County
Chester, Nova Scotia
B0J 1J0
Fax: 275-4726
Joseph S. Baker, Manager
Automation & Control Solutions
Building Solutions
51 Raddall Avenue, Unit #6
Dartmouth, NS B3B 1T6
Telephone 275-5307
187A Blue Water Rd.
Bedford, N.S.
B4B 1H1
Phone: (902) 835-9219
Fax: (902) 835-4526
www.austincontracting.com
902 468 8512 Direct
902 225 9112 Cell
902 468 2416 Fax
dave.storey@honeywell.com
Halifax C & D Recycling Ltd.
CONNORS DIESEL LIMITED
PARTS & DIESEL REPAIRS
INTERNATIONAL
Dan Chassie, President
Phone 902-876-8644
Fax
902-876-1878
16 Mills Drive
Goodwood, N.S.
B3T 1P3
Recycling the Present to Preserve the Future
165 JONES ROAD
NEW MINAS
N.S. B4N 4J6
BUS: 681-2122
50
FAX: 681-1465
PARTS: 681-1251
OF
SERVICE: 681-0425
N OVA S COTIA
Why Have Impaired Driving Charges Dropped?
Impaired driving charges across Canada dropped by 22 per cent between 1990 and 1994. Yet research shows that the incidence of
impaired driving was in fact increasing in this period. About 12 per cent of drivers on the road at night still take the wheel after drinking,
and about one-third of all drivers killed in road crashes are impaired. A survey suggests front-line officers are laying fewer charges
because of difficulties in enforcing impaired driving laws.
In September, 1998, the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police and Transport Canada released a survey of front-line police officers
across Canada. The survey, which took place in the spring of 1997, asked the officers about their attitudes and perceptions regarding
enforcement and prosecution of impaired drivers. Over 1,500 officers in municipalities, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, the
Ontario Provincial Police and the S˚retÈ du Quèbec responded to the mail-in questionnaire - a return rate of 71 per cent.
Following are some of the survey's key findings:
•
On average, it takes almost three hours for an officer to complete the paperwork and go through the process to charge one person
with a Criminal Code impaired driving offence. It takes that same officer at least four more hours if that case goes to trial. These
time frames may account for the relatively few Driving While Impaired (DWI) charges being laid (about 7.5 charges per front-line
officer over a one-year period). About half of all officers surveyed admitted they would lay more charges if it took less time to
process and administer the charges.
•
The amount of time officers can spend enforcing impaired driving laws may be diminishing because of demands for other services.
Although most officers believe the arresting and prosecuting impaired drivers is a fairly high priority, they feel they do not always
have the full support of officers in management positions. Many also believe their agency does not have adequate human
resources to deal with the problem.
•
Twenty to 30 per cent of officers use their own discretion when charging drivers who may be impaired over the federal legal limit
of .08 (blood alcohol concentration or BAC over 80 mg per 100 ml). For example, instead of laying Criminal Code charges they
may allow a sober passenger to take over the driving, send the impaired driver home by taxi or give a 12 or 24 hour administrative
licence suspension. (See below.)
•
Enforcement officers believe that in many cases, mainly due to heavy caseloads, Crown Attorneys are either not adequately
prepared when impaired driving cases come to court or have not even had time to open the file before the first court appearance.
•
The most frequent general comment received from the responding officers related to the lenient and/or inconsistent rulings
handed down by judges. They also commented on their concern about the lengthy processing time, the amount of paperwork they
are required to complete and the lack of human resources to deal with the problem.
•
Over two-thirds agreed with the sanctions being implemented in many jurisdictions across Canada. They give greatest support to
administrative licence suspensions, vehicle impoundment and other provincial sanctions which take effect at BAC levels below .08.
Enforcement officers are the first line of defense in the fight against impaired driving. The Canada Safety Council believes the above
issues must be addressed. The job of the enforcement officer must be made as easy as possible while ensuring the rights of the
accused are protected.
Publication # TP13161 E, Transport Canada, Safety and Security, Road Safety
Administrative Licence Suspensions:
Public Good Versus Individual Freedom
On October 13, 1998, the Ontario Court of Appeal put on hold its decision on the legality of a provincial law passed in November 1996.
That law removes impaired drivers from the road immediately and suspends their licenses for 90 days if they blow over the legal limit
or refuse to give a breath test.
The law is being challenged on the basis that it violates the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In the past, courts have upheld the legality
of measures to reduce impaired driving, such as RIDE and STEP programs, recognizing the right of the public to be protected against
drunk drivers.
The CACP-Transport Canada survey revealed that 30 per cent of officers prefer short term licence suspensions (similar to the Ontario
law) to laying Criminal Code charges, as an effective way to take impaired drivers off the road.
The Canada Safety Council has expressed concern that a decision to overturn this law will create a serious setback to the national
fight against impaired driving.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
51
Corporation
Eaton Corporation is a global leader in electrical
control, power distribution and industrial
automation products and services.
B.J. MACPHEE
TRUCKING LTD.
Visit us at www.eatonelectrical.ca
R.R. NO. 1, Shubenacadie, NS B0N 2H0
758-2461
MIMEʼJ SEAFOODS
Sponsored by
141 Damascus Rd.
Bedford, NS
B4A 0C2
172 Truro Heights Rd., Truro
895-3600
Phone: 902-865-4000
Fax: 902-865-4261
Electric Motors Sales & Service • Portable Tools & Pump Repairs
• Balancing &Vibration Analysis
FADER AGENCIES
83 SHORE ROAD
DARTMOUTH, NOVA SCOTA B3A 1A5
Phone: (902) 466-2333
Fax: (902) 466-6399
MYLES KEATING
President
Home: (902) 435-1588
Cellular: (902) 452-6226
Wolfville Nursing Homes
Our Neighbourhood
Living Society
LTD.
Proudly supports the
Wardour Centre
15 Dartmouth Rd., Suite 210
Bedford, Nova Scotia B4A 3X6
601 Main Street • Wolfville, NS • B4P 1E9
Phone: (902) 835-8826 Fax: (902) 835-6463
52
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Do you know the facts about impaired driving?
Drunk Driving Quiz
True or false
1) You can't be charged with a drinking-driving offence if your BAC is below the legal limit.
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
True
False
2) A police officer can suspend your driver's licence immediately for drinking and driving.
3) If you have one drink per hour, you don't have to worry about being over the legal limit.
4) You can't be charged with a drinking-driving offence if you are riding a snowmobile on your
own property.
5) An impaired driving charge isn't such a big deal. You simply pay the ticket and
everything's fine.
6) Only young drinking drivers are at higher risk of crashing.
7) The worst way to tell if someone has had too much to drink to drive safely is to ask them.
8) If you think you've had too much to drink to be able to drive safely, you'll be OK if you have
a cup of coffee or take a cold shower.
How did you do? see next page for answers...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
53
H. M. Huskilson’s Funeral Home &
Crematorium Ltd.
28 ALBERT ST.
YARMOUTH, N.S. B5A 3N1
TEL: 902-742-3626 FAX: 902-742-3452
Email: huskilson@ns.sympatico.ca
www.cigfh.ca
Forrestʼs Convenience
& Video Stores
#11 William Street
North Sydney, N.S.
William St. Dairy 794-4385
Pierce St. Dairy 794-8866
Bras Dʼor Conv. 736-2121
E. Barnhill
Trucking Limited
368 Main St. Ste 203
Yarmouth, NS
B5A 1E9
902.742.7585
933 Belmont
Colchester County, N.S. B0M 1C0
662-2520
Suite 310, Sun Tower
1550 Bedford Highway, Bedford, NS B4A 1E6
MYRNA L. GILLIS, B.A., LL.B.
BARBARA DARBY, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., LL.B.
Phone: 902-835-6174 Fax: 902-835-1486
Toll free: 1-866-277-3863
Email: admin@gillisassociates.ca www. gillisassociates.ca
Best Wishes
From
366-2400
Carl Williams, General Manager
Fraserway RV LP (Bedford, NS)
Direct: 902-835-8377
1-800-263-5558
Visit us online at www.fraserway.com
R.R. #1, Canso B0H 1H0
LASTPORT MOTEL
54
OF
N OVA S COTIA
ANSWERS: Facts about Impaired Driving
1. You can't be charged with a drinking-driving offence if your BAC is below the legal limit.
False: You can be charged with a criminal offence for driving while impaired by alcohol or drugs, regardless of your
BAC.
2. A police officer can suspend your driver's licence immediately for a drinking-driving offence.
True: In most provinces, a police officer can suspend a driver's licence for 12 or 24 hours if you register a "Warn"
on an approved screening device. In addition, in some provinces, a police officer can, on behalf of the registrar of
motor vehicles, suspend your licence for 90 days if you fail a breath test or refuse to provide a breath sample.
3. If you have one drink per hour, you don't have to worry about being over the legal limit.
False: The "one drink per hour" rule only works for the first two or three hours. It does not work for women. Restrict
yourself to no more than two drinks. Better yet, don't drink if you are going to drive.
4. You can't be charged with a drinking-driving offence if you are riding a snowmobile on your own property.
False: Impaired driving laws apply to all types of motor vehicles regardless of where they are being operated.
5. An impaired driving charge isn't such a big deal. You simply pay the ticket and everything's fine.
False: Impaired driving is a criminal offence. You will be photographed and fingerprinted. You must appear in court.
Among other things, a conviction results in a criminal record. You can go to jail; for a second offence, you will go to
jail.
6. Only young drinking drivers are at higher risk of crashing.
False: Drinking drivers of all ages have an increased risk of crash involvement. In general, risk increases with BAC.
However, the risk for young drivers increases much more rapidly due to their inexperience as drivers, peer pressure
and the impact of even small amounts of alcohol.
7. The worst way to tell if someone has had too much to drink to drive safely is to ask them.
True: This is one of the most unreliable ways to tell. A person's judgment is seriously affected by alcohol and they
often overestimate their abilities.
8. If you think you've had too much to drink to be able to drive safely, you'll be OK if you have a cup of coffee or take
a cold shower.
False: Time is the only way to reduce your BAC. Depending on how much you have had to drink, it can take many
hours for your BAC to return to zero.
Safety Canada, July 2000
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
55
Antho ny Mui s e, CMA
VP Operations
Yarmouth Regional Hospital
60 Vancouver Street
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
B5A 2P5
Phone: (902) 742-3542 ext. 117
Fax: (902) 742-0369
Email: amuise@swndha.nshealth.ca
www.swndha.nshealth.ca
LESLIE EXCAVATING
LIMITED
PHONE: 456-4116 FAX: 434-5608
lesexc@eastlink. ca
Commercial & Residential – Excavation to roof complete
Water & Sewer – Roads
Lot Clearing – Landscaping – Topsoil
Allan Block Walls
Web:
www.walatimer.com
Proud to Support P.A.N.S.
Dooley’s Pharmacy
PO Box 210
Arichat, NS
B0E 1A0
Ph# 902-226-3133
Greetings From Darrell Dexter & the NDP Caucus
New Democratic Party Caucus Office
Suite 1001, Centennial Building
1660 Hollis Street
Halifax, N.S. B3J 1V7
Phone: (902) 424-4134
Fax: (902) 424-0504
Toll Free in N.S.: 1-888-247-0448
Web: www.ndpcaucus.ns.ca
E-mail: ndpcaucus@gov.ns.ca
Ph: (902) 860-0085
Fax: (902) 860-0091
Email: liner@ns.sympatico.ca
PROUDLY
STANDING BESIDE
PANS AND THEIR
FIGHT AGAINST
CRIME
5 Laura Court
Fall River, N.S.
B2T 1H7
Vice President
Deborah Haverstock
56
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Drunk Driving - Progress and Problems
The Future
The rate of impaired driving incidents dropped four per cent in 2002, resuming its 20-year downward trend after a
small increase in 2001, according to a November 2003 report from the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics.
•
•
•
•
The rate of impaired driving incidents reported by police was 65 per cent lower than its peak in 1981.
The number of deaths and injuries related to impaired driving have gone down by almost half since 1986
despite increasing numbers of drivers and vehicles.
Impaired driving accounted for about 12 per cent of all cases heard in court, making it the largest category
of offences (53,000 out of a total 452,000).
Impaired driving also had the highest conviction rate - 73 per cent, compared to 60 per cent for all Criminal
Code offences.
The Canada Safety Council credits the progress to several factors: strong commitment from all the stakeholders;
changing attitudes and behaviours with respect to drinking and driving; effective public education and public
awareness programs; and the level of police enforcement.
The countryʼs aging population is another factor in the downward trend. Seniors over age 65 have the lowest rates
of impaired driving.
Who are the drunk drivers?
According to a national survey on drinking and driving released in December 2005 by the Traffic Injury Research
Foundation (TIRF), 15 per cent of Canadian drivers reported driving a vehicle within two hours of consuming
alcohol in the past 30 days.
The survey estimates that an alarming 1.5 million drivers drove when they thought they were impaired, of which 16
per cent (about 2.3 per cent of all drivers) said they did so four or more times. Based on the findings, TIRF
estimates that only three per cent of drivers account for 84 per cent of reported impaired driving trips in Canada.
This is in line with a large body of research which shows that a small minority of drinking drivers accounts for most
of Canadaʼs impaired driving problem.
Younger drivers continued to show the highest rates of impaired driving. Data from 94 police departments found
drivers aged 19 to 24 represent 56 per cent of all reported criminal incidents. The Justice statistics show the rate
of impaired driving peaks at age 21. The TIRF survey found that drivers aged 25 to 34 are most likely to report they
have taken the wheel after drinking .
Younger drivers and chronic drinking drivers must remain a major target in efforts to eradicate impaired driving.
Canadaʼs national strategy
In Canada there is no national law covering all aspects of drinking and driving. This is because in our federal
system, different levels of government have responsibility for different aspects of the problem. The Constitution of
Canada defines the powers of the federal and provincial or territorial levels of government.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
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57
Site Location:
5511 Cornwallis St.
Halifax, NS B3K 3B4
1-877-904-4555 Toll Free
423-9991 Bus
830-3853 Outreach
423-1619 Fax
A
Health
Promotion
Project
Mailing Address:
2158 Gottingen St.
Halifax, NS B3K 3B4
The Salvation Army
HIGHLAND
PULP LTD.
25 Tamarack Dr.
RR # 2, Truro, N.S. B2N 5B1
895-8684
salutes the
Police Association
of Nova Scotia
Telephone
453-2180
www.salvationarmy.ca
Serving with: “Heart To God And Hand To Man”
We sell for less.
9097 Commercial St.
New Minas, NS
B4N 3E6
Ph# 902-681-4271
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Landlords to: • Air Liquide
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24 Hour SERVICE
Cell: (902) 396-6715
Fax: (902) 928-0990
E-mail: marinusverhagen@eastlink.ca
OF
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(...Drunk Driving - Progress and Problems continued)
We do, however, have a national strategy. The Strategy to Reduce Impaired Driving (STRID) is a joint initiative by
federal, provincial and territorial governments as well as road safety organizations including the Canada Safety
Council. STRID is an initiative of the Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators (CCMTA), which receives
its mandate from the Council of Ministers Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety. Since it began in
1990, STRID has provided leadership for all jurisdictions in the fight against impaired driving.
All jurisdictions are united in the fight against drinking and driving. Specific sanctions for drinking drivers vary from
one part of the country to another, but in all cases they are strict.
Jurisdiction
The federal government has authority for the Criminal Code of Canada. Impaired driving is considered a crime
because of the risk of death and injury related to alcohol consumption by drivers. Canada has, for example,
criminalized driving or care and control of a vehicle with BACs exceeding 0.08. As a matter of constitutional law,
this prevents provinces and territories from creating offences relating directly to BAC levels and to fine or jail drivers
who exceed those limits; such offences fall under the Criminal Code.
Provincial and territorial legislation related to drinking and driving comes from the authority to enact laws relating
to property and civil rights, which includes the right to regulate driving on provincial roads. Provincial and territorial
jurisdictions can legislate permissible levels of BAC for the purpose of imposing administrative licence
suspensions, but not for the purpose of creating ʻoffences.ʼ
Through their highway traffic acts, these jurisdictions use their licensing authority to suspend drivers who exceed
provincially or federally established BAC limits (PDF). Every jurisdiction in Canada has enacted legislation related
to drinking and driving, short of creating offences. Provinces impose licence suspensions for drivers convicted of
criminal blood alcohol offences, and most impose temporary suspensions at BACs below the criminal level of 0.08.
All Canadian jurisdictions except the Northwest Territories and Nunavut have a zero BAC for novice drivers. For
ordinary drivers, most provinces in Canada make it impermissible (but not a criminal offence) to operate or have
care or control of a motor vehicle at levels around 0.05. However, many Canadians are not aware of these
measures. The TIRF survey found less than half of respondents knew there was a lower alcohol limit in their
province at which police can suspend driving privileges; only six per cent of all respondents knew what that limit is.
While provincial and territorial jurisdictions cannot create offences relating to BAC levels, they do have power to
impose administrative licence suspensions. Police officers can carry out these licence suspensions at the side of
the road, protecting the public by a swift and certain response. Among the 13 provinces or territories of Canada,
only Quebec and the Yukon do not have licence suspensions for drinking drivers with BACs lower than 0.08.
Penalties
The Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics reports that fines were the most common penalty imposed for impaired
driving offences in 2001/02. In about 77 per cent of cases a fine was the ʻmost seriousʼ sentence. However,
provincial and territorial sanctions supplement the Criminal Code and often have more serious personal
consequences than a fine. The mere fact of having a criminal conviction carries a lifelong stigma that can limit job
and travel opportunities.
Offenders were sentenced to prison in 14 per cent of cases. The average length of a prison sentence for cases of
impaired driving was 73 days.
Prison sentences varied considerably across the country. For instance, in Prince Edward Island, 91 per cent of
those convicted of impaired driving received a prison sentence, compared with only four per cent in Nova Scotia.
However, provinces which imposed imprisonment more often also tended to use shorter sentences. For example,
in Prince Edward Island the average sentence length was 17 days, while in Nova Scotia it was 182 days.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
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www.levwell.ca
levwell@eastlink.ca
2232 Highway 10
West Northfield, NS
B4V 5C5
ANDY E. VEINOTTE
BSc. Eng
PH: (902) 543-5217
Make Us
Your Place!
Sunnyside Mall
Bedford, NS
832-9170
Visit www.finbars.ca
Stephen Payne
Store Manager
www.wackys.ca
188 Robie Street
Truro, NS B2N 1L1
Tel.: (902) 893-3497
Fax: (902) 893-4499
wacky.wheatley@ns.sympatico.ca
60
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(...Drunk Driving - Progress and Problems continued)
The Canada Safety Council prepared a chart showing provincial and territorial countermeasures related to driver
BAC. Some of these measures are outside the Criminal Code, while others supplement the provisions of the
Criminal Code by imposing additional measures under provincial and territorial jurisdiction. Not included are
measures taken after an individual is convicted of a criminal offence related to impaired driving, such as long-term
licence suspensions. Some provincial/territorial sanctions are also not included, such as vehicle impoundment.
Most jurisdictions require a zero BAC for novice drivers. The high incidence of drinking and driving in the 19 to 21
age group indicates that some see alcohol consumption as a restriction that is removed when a permanent licence
is obtained.
The Future
Despite the progress that has been made over the past 20 years, impaired driving is a complex problem with no
simple solutions. The current administrative and criminal sanctions provide a well thought-out mix of effectiveness,
efficiency and severity. Building on this, STRID takes a multi-faceted approach in its strategy and objectives for
2010.
STRIDʼs national target for 2010 is a 30 per cent decrease in the average number of road users killed and seriously
injured during the 2008-2010 period compared to 1996-2001 figures. The focus is on hardcore drinking drivers,
new/young drivers, social drinkers, and first sanctioned drivers with recommendations in several categories
including education and awareness, policing, legislation, rehabilitation, and evaluation.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
61
Logan Drilling Group Inc.
We sell for less.
P.O. Box 188
Stewiacke, NS
B0N 2J0
60 New Pine Grove Rd.
Bridgewater, NS, B4V 4H2
Ph# 902-543-8680 Fax# 902-543-8693
A member of the community.
902.639.2343
SENIORS FOR SENIORS™
Dr. Cheryl Conrod
Best Wishes from
HOWARD F. COURT
PRESIDENT
7001 MUMFORD ROAD
TOWER 1, STE. 819
HALIFAX, N.S. B3L 4N9
TEL: (902) 454-6368 - FAX: (902) 454-0616
Thank you for keeping our
community safe.
Sackville Driving School
H.D.S. Driving Services
DUAL CONTROLLED CARS
32 years Continuous Service
In Safe Driving Instruction
*Insurance Approved Courses
*G.D.L. Exit Courses
Terry Johnson
Manager
For Appointments
Phone: 865-9737
Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation
93 Chain Lake Drive, Halifax, NS B3S 1A3
Tel. 902-450-6752 (450-NSLC)
www.theNSLC.com
Make It A Social Occasion
RIVERSIDE RESTAURANT
Hand Dipped Fish & Home Fries
Home Cooked Meals & Desserts
Baked Goods by Order • Seasonal
3636 Hwy 366 (Sunrise Trail)
661-2521
62
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How Pot Affects Driving
A survey released in November 2004 found that 14 percent of Canadians reported using cannabis in the past year.
This is nearly double the rate reported in 1994 (7.4 percent). Almost 30 percent of youth 15-17 years old and just
over 47 percent of those 18 to 19 had used cannabis in the past year.
The increase raises concerns that cannabis users may be taking the wheel. Current research indicates the effects
of cannabis on driving are more complex than many assume.
Not surprisingly, impairment increases with higher doses. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive chemical
in cannabis, reduces a driverʼs ability to keep in the centre of the lane, to maintain a constant following distance,
and to make quick decisions about manoeuvres such as passing. Faced with an unexpected event, a cannabisimpaired driver may find it difficult to react quickly.
Alcohol causes more impairment than cannabis and carries a demonstrably higher crash risk. Drivers under the
influence of cannabis are acutely aware of their impairment. They consciously try to drive more cautiously, for
example by slowing down, focusing their attention and avoiding risks. Drinking drivers show more risk taking and
aggression in their driving, have no insight into their impairment, and do not try to compensate.
Some prescribed medications appear to make drivers more collision-prone than cannabis. A 2004 UK study on the
medicinal use of cannabis concludes that impairment of driving ability from cannabis is within the range of (or lower
than) that produced by medications commonly used for similar conditions. For example, benzodiazepene type
medications commonly prescribed to seniors increase crash risk. One study found a five-fold higher risk in people
who had used benzodiazepenes in the past three months.
Surprisingly, there seems to be little evidence that drivers who have used cannabis on its own are more likely to
cause crashes than drug-free drivers. However, this does not mean itʼs safe to mix cannabis with driving.
Only fatalities and serious injuries have been analyzed in the available research. To what extent cannabis is a factor
in less serious collisions still needs to be investigated.
THC can be detected in blood or urine for days after smoking. Surveys that establish recent use of cannabis show
that THC-positive drivers, especially at higher doses, are three to seven times more likely to be responsible for their
crash than drivers who had not used drugs or alcohol. In other words, recent use of cannabis may increase crash
risk, while past use of cannabis does not.
Few road fatalities test positive for THC alone. Most often, it is found in combination with alcohol. Controlled studies
show this combination produces severe impairment. Driver casualty statistics confirm that using cannabis with
alcohol dramatically increases crash risk.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
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NOVA SCOTIA
63
KIEL Development Ltd
202 Brownlow, Suite 305, Cambridge
Burnside, Dartmouth
B3B 1T5
902.468.3239
TIBBO’S ELECTRIC
Residential & Commercial Wiring
24 Hour Service
LAWSON COOK
Sales & Service
R.R. 1, Westville,
Nova Scotia, B0K 2A0
34JOYCE AVENUE, HALIFAX B3T 1W8
Undercarriage, Final Drives,
Teeth, Engine and
Transmission Parts,
Used Equipment
499-8701
Order Desk:
Toll Free:
Fax:
Res:
902-396-4116
800-565-4332
902-396-5540
902-396-3381
Shean Co-op Ltd.
P.O. Box 179 Inverness
(902) 258-2789
V|àtwxÄ
TÅtàxâÜ UÉå|Çz VÄâu
Beach Breeze
Development Ltd.
238 Old Sackville Road
Lower Sackville, N.S.
B4C 2J6
2535 Lawrencetown Rd.
Halifax, NS B2Z 1L1
864-1252
902-404-3910
R MacLEAN FORESTRY
4158 Silverbirch St.,
Antigonish, NS B2G 2L4
Box 5000 St. FX. Campus,
Anitgonish, NS B2G 2W5
(902) 863-5205
(902) 867-3429
64
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Ignition Interlock — Incentive or Punishment?
An ignition interlock is a breath screening device which is installed in a vehicle. Before starting the car,
the driver must blow into the device. The car will not start if the driverʼs blood alcohol concentration (BAC)
is above a pre-set limit. As long as the car is running, the driver is required to blow periodically into the
device. If the BAC rises above the pre-set limit, this will be recorded, a warning issued and emergency
lights and sounds will ensue until the car is turned off.
Ignition interlocks were designed to prevent drivers with an elevated BAC from operating a vehicle. The
devices have been shown to interrupt drinking-driving behaviour — but not, in the long term, to change
it. Ideally, ignition interlock programs should be used in conjunction with treatment programs. Otherwise,
a high proportion of the users continue to drink and drive after the device has been removed.
Six Canadian provinces and 43 American states have legislation that permits ignition interlock devices.
Some programs fall under the administrative authority of licensing agencies, while others are under the
authority of the courts. Some are mandatory, while others are discretionary. Duration, eligibility, and
requirements for reporting and monitoring all vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
The administrative-mandatory model is the most widespread and appears to be the most effective. In
this model, offenders must participate in order to have their licence reinstated. In Ontario, for example,
after serving provincial sanctions, those eligible to have their licence reinstated must have an ignition
interlock device installed on their vehicle for at least one year. After the required period, the driver must
apply to the Ministry of Transportation to have the licence condition removed.
Participation in voluntary ignition interlock programs tends to be low. According to the Traffic Injury
Research Foundation (TIRF), less than 10 per cent of impaired driving offenders volunteer to participate
if the program is not mandatory. One reason may be the cost, which is about $100 a month. Participants
must pay for installation and maintenance of the ignition interlock device in addition to their higher
insurance rates, fines, licence reinstatement and rehabilitation fees.
To increase participation in voluntary programs, the ignition interlock needs to be positioned as a
beneficial alternative. In the mind of the drinking driver, it should be seen as an incentive rather than a
punishment. One way to improve acceptance may be to reduce the length of licence suspension for
offenders who install the device.
It is estimated that up to 75 per cent of those convicted of impaired driving disregard their licence
suspension. These individuals continue to take the wheel (often impaired) after their licence has been
suspended. Some choose not to apply for reinstatement, either because they do not plan to drive all —
or because they find driving without a licence is easy and think they will never be caught. Lengthy
suspensions have been found to increase the risk of the latter.
An offender under the control of an interlock program is less dangerous than one who is under
suspension and drives anyway. Safety experts recommend more flexibility in sentencing, and the use of
interlock programs as an incentive to keep offenders within the legal licensing system. In Quebec, a
driver whose licence has been suspended may apply for a restricted licence before the end of the
suspension period, provided they meet certain criteria and install an ignition interlock in their vehicle.
While ignition interlocks offer significant benefits, they are not a panacea. The factors that help them
achieve their potential are known. Their success as a tool to reduce impaired driving will depend on
informed implementation, supported by appropriate legislation and treatment programs.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
65
Mari ners C ent re
PO Box 188, 31 Cottage Street
Yarmouth NS B5A 4B2
(902) 742-2155 or 742-3232
Fax: (902) 742-1359
24 Simmonds Dr, Unit 3, Dartmouth, NS B3B 1R3
Office: 902-462-7712
Definitely the Right Choice
for all your Vending & Foodservice needs.
Proud Sponsor of the Cst. Bruce Miller Memorial
Golf Tournament and MADD
Your Meeting Place!
www.mariners-centre.com
Seaview Manor
HM Special Care
Let us look after
your comfort!
275 South Street
Glace Bay, NS
Fuel Oil • Parts and Service
• Diesel & Lubricants
Home Comfort Products
• 902-849-7300 •
468-7979
HomEnergy
www.ultramar.ca
GRIGGS ENGINEERING LIMITED
Lloy’s Denture Clinic
CIVIL / STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
& PROJECT MANAGEMENT
141 Commercial St.
Glace Bay, NS
B1A 3B9
PAT P. GRIGGS, P. Eng
122 Grand Lake Drive
Wellington
Halifax Co., Nova Scotia
B2T 1A2
A Multi-Purpose Facility:
• Recreational Activities
• Catered Events
• Weddings
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Fax: 902-860-0757
902.849.1496
FOREST PRODUCTS LTD.
Visit our PINE WAREHOUSE
Call for Specials!
SNC • LAVALIN INC.
Suite 200, Park Lane Terraces
5657 Spring Garden Road
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Canada B3J 3R4
230 Lucasville Road, Lower Sackville, N.S. B4B 1S1
Bus: (902) 865-1158 Fax: (902) 864-0720
Email: info@hefler.ca
STUART PONTIAC
BUICK LTD.
Studio 177 Hair Design
The Relaxation Point
895-1671
One Stop Shopping For All Of Your Motoring Needs
&
265 Robie Street, Truro, N.S. B2N 5E5
Personalized Care From Head to Toe
Perms, Colors & Cuts, Facials, Nails & Waxing
Reflexology & Pedicures
172B Lincoln
66
634.4322
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N OVA S COTIA
If youʼve been drinking, you do have options
Too many Canadians choose to take the wheel after theyʼve been drinking. A recent survey shows there may be
over four million road trips a year during which the driver is impaired. Those between 19 and 34 are the most likely
to drive after drinking.
Not a smart choice. In 2003 there were 902 road fatalities that involved a drinking driver. Of these, drinking drivers
themselves accounted for half (450). Over one-fifth of the fatalities were passengers of drinking drivers — in many
cases also the result of an unwise personal choice.
The Canada Safety Council urges Canadians to drive sober — or plan on an alternate way to get home safely. Call
a family member, a friend or a cab for a safe ride home. A designated driver is another good option, but choosing
to ride with a driver whoʼs been drinking is not. Maybe you can stay overnight. But taking the wheel is absolutely
not an option if you think you may be impaired.
If youʼre stuck and donʼt have a phone number for a taxi, try calling 1-888-TAXIGUY (1-888-829-4489) to connect
with a taxicab company in your community. If youʼre using a payphone, you donʼt even need a quarter.
The Canada Safety Council officially endorses TAXIGUY, which has offered drinking and driving prevention tools
since 1998. Through its national network of 450 taxicab companies linked to an easy-to-remember toll-free number,
1-888-TAXIGUY (English) and 1-888-TAXISVP (French), service is available in over 700 cities and towns across
Canada. TAXIGUY, Inc. also operates SMART CALL™; a safe transportation strategy for licensed venues and the
TAXI DOLLARS™ program, The National Taxicab Currency that allows businesses, charities and consumers to
obtain taxicab fare for anyone, anywhere in Canada. On September 23, 2004, TAXIGUY celebrated its one
millionth safe ride home.
•
•
•
Sobering Stats
The Canada Safety Council is a sponsor of the Road Safety Monitor, a Canada-wide telephone survey
of Canadians drivers. In its December 2005 report on drinking and driving, 15 percent of respondents —
an estimated 3.2 million — admitted to driving after drinking within the past month. Two-thirds did so
once or twice in the previous month but close to 16 percent of drinking drivers (about 2.3 percent of all
drivers) had done so more than four times.
Moreover, 6.7 percent said they had driven in the past year when they felt they were over the legal limit.
That translates into 1.5 million drivers. Drivers aged 25 to 34 are the most likely to driver after drinking;
19 percent report doing so. A small group of drivers (less than three percent) accounted for 84 percent
of all reported impaired driving trips.
Only about one-third of drivers were aware of a lower alcohol limit in their province which can result in a
12-or 24-hour licence suspension.
The Road Safety Monitor 2005 - Drinking and Driving,
Traffic Injury Research Foundation
Updated December 2005
council.org
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
http://www.safety-
67
Best Wishes From
Facts
Engineering
477-4062
Metro’s Only Independently Owned Ford Store... Since 1948
Serving your community for 60 years
www.fairleyused.ca
580 Windmill Road
Dartmouth, NS
B3B 1B5
Ph: (902) 463-1220
Fax: (902) 468-7270
www.fairleyandstevens.com
PO Box 128, Waterv ille
Nov a Scotia B0P 1V0
68
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Low-BAC Drivers and the Law
How should the law treat drinking drivers whose blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is below the Criminal Code limit
of 0.08?
Although impairment begins with the first drink, the majority of drivers involved in alcohol-related fatal crashes have
BACs over 0.15. These high-BAC drivers represent about one per cent of the cars on the road at night and on
weekends, but nearly half of all drivers killed at those times. Most fall into one of two major categories: the young
(ages 19 to 24) and the hardcore.
In Canadaʼs system, the federal government shares responsibility for impaired driving with the provinces and
territories. The federal Criminal Code, for example, addresses driving or care and control of a vehicle with BACs
exceeding 0.08. The Canada Safety Council recommends dealing with lower-BAC drivers under provincial and
territorial highway traffic acts.
Prevention the goal
The priority must be to prevent alcohol-related traffic crashes, not merely to punish drinking drivers. Penalties for
drinking and driving are very tough across Canada. The problem is that many drinking drivers do not think about
consequences before taking the wheel.
Penalties, regardless of severity, have little preventive impact unless they are seen to be enforced. That is why
roadside checks and visible enforcement are very effective deterrents.
The gauge of progress should be the rate of deaths and injuries due to road crashes involving a drinking driver.
Criteria such as the number of licence suspensions, severity of penalties and implementation of specific types of
legislation, while relevant, are not valid measures of prevention.
Highway traffic acts
Most jurisdictions impose administrative licence suspensions on drivers with BACs below the Criminal Code limit
or if the officer believes the driver is affected by alcohol; durations vary. Some also have remedial and/or
assessment programs for low-BAC drivers with repeat suspensions.
Administrative licence suspensions provide a measured response to the risk posed by low-BAC drivers. They
protect the public by taking potentially dangerous drivers off the road, and give those drivers a strong warning.
These suspensions are an effective tool in the fight against impaired driving, in part because they impose swift and
certain consequences. Some provinces have licence reinstatement fees, and requirements for assessment and
treatment in the case of repeat suspensions.
Specific sanctions for drinking drivers with lower BACs vary from one part of the country to another. From a national
perspective, this inconsistency makes it difficult to inform Canadians about those which apply in the jurisdiction
where they live. Indeed, a 2003 survey found that less than half of respondents knew there is a lower alcohol limit
in their province at which police can suspend driving privileges; only six per cent could identify that limit.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
69
Best Wishes
Rainbow Motels
& Hammocks
341 Prince St., Truro, NS
893-9438
ph/fax:
902.656.3071
open year round
CAPE BRETON BEVERAGES
P.O. Box 1536
Sydney, N.S. B1P 6R7
Tel: 564-4536 Fax: 468-6180
www.CottageRentals.info
Irene & Graham MacKenzie
STORE OWNERS
# 802
491 Chebucto Street
P.O. Box 249
Baddeck, Nova Scotia B0E 1B0
phone (902) 295.2404 fax (902) 295-2774
e mail: stonespharmasave@ns.sympatico.ca or
“Save Money, Live Better”
50 Market St.
Antigonish, N.S. B2G 2B4
Ph# 902-867-1279
Proud supporter of our Community
7769 Highway #3, Martins River
P.O. Box 56
Martinʼs River, N.S. B0J 2E0
70
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(...Low BAC Drivers and the Law continued)
Criminalization
There is no evidence that charging low-BAC drivers under the federal Criminal Code would prevent more deaths
and injuries than dealing with them under provincial and territorial traffic regulations.
Making conduct criminal is societyʼs ultimate condemnation. The Criminal Code of Canada addresses offences
such as murder, rape and assault, that violate basic societal norms. Criminal Code sanctions are very severe. For
example, a criminal conviction, be it for armed robbery or for driving with a BAC over 0.08 limits travel and job
opportunities for the rest of the offenderʼs life. Justifiably the legal process to charge and convict a felon is intricate
and costly.
Provincial and territorial transport officials, represented in the Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators
(CCMTA), have taken a position against lowering the criminal BAC to 0.05. According to CCMTA, this would
hamper the ability of the police to detect drivers with a BAC greater than 0.08 (who are a greater crash risk), due
to the over-extending of enforcement resources. CCMTA says a move to criminalize drivers who are at lower risk
of collision involvement would further burden an overtaxed criminal justice system without increasing the deterrent
effect of the law.
Recommendations
Canada is making impressive progress in its fight against impaired driving. Between 1995 and 2000, road fatalities
involving a drinking driver dropped by one-third. The problem is far from solved, but this progress indicates that
countermeasures now in place are working.
How to deal with drivers with BACs below the Criminal Code limit has been the subject of much debate. The
Canada Safety Council has developed the following recommendations to offer a realistic and practical direction for
public policy.
1. Deal with low-BAC drivers under highway traffic acts.
Driving ability can be impaired at low BACs, although the incidence of fatalities rises dramatically starting at 0.15.
The federal Criminal Code addresses higher BAC drivers starting at 0.08, who are implicated in the majority of
alcohol-related road fatalities.
It is important to deal firmly with individuals with BACs below the 0.08 level, both to prevent them from causing
immediate harm and to ensure they do not join the high-BAC group. The Canada Safety Council recommends that
the responsibility to address drivers with BACs below 0.08 remain with the provinces and territories.
Highway traffic acts provide effective regulatory tools. For example, administrative licence suspensions enable
police to apprehend low-BAC drivers, remove them from the road and give them a firm warning not to continue
drinking and driving. These acts also provide a means to mandate intervention programs, which can help prevent
these people from becoming chronic drinking drivers.
2. Harmonize the BAC at which administrative licence suspensions are imposed.
Canadaʼs 13 jurisdictions vary widely in their criteria for administrative licence suspensions, as discussed in the
January 2004 issue of this newsletter. This inconsistency can create confusion and inequities.
The Canada Safety Council recommends a common BAC for short-term suspensions in all jurisdictions. This would
provide greater consistency across Canada, and would permit a stronger message to be sent to the Canadian
public to increase awareness of penalties for drinking and driving.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
71
W.J. POWER
PLUMBING
60 Thornhill, Burnside
463-0535
Proud to support the community.
SMILING DRAGON TATTOOS
www.smilingdragon.com
Over 23 Years Experience
No Hidden Charges
www.thermocell.com
Mailing Address:
P.O. Box 517
Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E1
Tel.: (902) 662-3600
Fax: (902) 662-2882
TF: (877) 575-3600
Penhorn Mall
535 Portland Street
Dartmouth, Nova
Scotia
B2Y 4B1
3621 Dutch Village Rd.
423-6023
www.tattletales.ca
Bus: 463-5551
Fax: 463-5552
•
•
•
•
•
•
Restorers of Home damaged by Fire, Oil, Wind, Water and Smoke
Damage, Odor Removal, Mould Remediation,
New Construction and Renovations.
REAL ITALIAN PIZZA
SPAGHETTI
RAVIOLIS
RIGITONI
PIZZA BURGERS
MANICOTTI
P.O. Box 976 New Glasgow, N.S. B2H 5K7
Tel: 902-755-3473 Fax: 752-0838
Toll Free: 1-877-900-7200
Truro: 902-893-4118 - Antigonish: 902-867-3473
72
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(...Low BAC Drivers and the Law continued)
3. Treat administrative suspensions like traffic violations.
Currently, a number of jurisdictions do not record on the driverʼs record the short-term suspensions or prohibitions
imposed for violations of the lower BAC limit. This makes it difficult to identify recidivists so that appropriate action
can be taken.
Inclusion of short-term suspensions on the driverʼs record will help police and licensing authorities identify those
who repeatedly drink and drive. The Canada Safety Council recommends that BAC-related suspensions be
retained on a driverʼs record along with demerit points, and shared with adjoining jurisdictions in the same way as
other traffic violations such as speeding.
4. Provide intervention programs for repeat administrative suspensions.
Some jurisdictions already have requirements for assessment and treatment in the case of repeat suspensions.
Such interventions are intended to address the root of the problem, such as alcohol dependency.
The Canada Safety Council recommends that Best Practices be established for such programs, and that
assessment / remedial programs be provided for drivers with repeat administrative suspensions within a specified
period of time. These programs should be provided at the driverʼs expense.
5. Enhance enforcement through well-publicized and visible roadside checks by police
Visible, effective enforcement is critical in the fight against impaired driving. Roadside spot checks, in particular,
have been shown to reduce the number of drunk drivers on the road.
Drivers with low BACs are difficult to detect through routine patrol or spot check programs because most show no
obvious signs of impairment.
The Canada Safety Council recommends that police agencies be given resources and training to apprehend lowBAC drivers using roadside spot checks, and that they be authorized to use proven technologies such as passive
alcohol sensors to detect drivers with low BACs.
6. Increase public awareness of countermeasures for low-BAC drivers.
Most Canadian drivers are unaware that BAC limits lower than that in the Criminal Code already exist in most
provinces/territories. This lessens the potential deterrent effect of the lower limits. (If the public does not know what
they are, how can they be expected to comply?) If the administrative licence suspensions at lower BACs are to
deter drivers from operating a vehicle after they have been drinking, drivers need to know about them.
The Canada Safety Council recommends that substantial efforts be initiated to increase public awareness about
existing lower BAC limits and their associated sanctions, to enhance the potential deterrent effect of these
measures.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
73
Roof & Floor Trusses
Roger Mann
Truss System Designs
PO Box 150 Milton
Nova Scotia B0T 1P0
5139, Hwy. #3, Liverpool
Tel: 902-354-7111
Fax: 902-354-4261
LORI DAVIS,
HIS
Quinpool Medical Clinic
6156 Quinpool Rd
Halifax, NS B3L 1A3
Tel. (902) 423-7734
Fax (902) 425-2003
H.A. HORSNELL
GENERAL INSURANCE (1995) LTD.
James A. Russell
Hearing Instrument Specialist
jeramsay@ns.aliantzinc.ca
Colchester Clinic
58 Willow Street
Truro, NS B2N 4Z6
Tel. (902) 897-2553
P.O. Box 279
Aylesford, N.S.
B0P 1C0
www.hearingservices.com
F.I.I.C. C.C.I.B. (N.S.)
President
Phone: 847-3274
1-800-588-3274
Fax: 847-1773
Res: 678-1694
Casa Dante
International Hair Studio
AT: The Court Yard 1569 Dresden Row
“The Name Says It All”
Halifax, N.S. B3J 2K4
423-4089
www.downeast.ca
Bernard H. Morash Agencies Ltd.
422-3940
Bombers Club
IN S U R A N C E S ERV IC ES
167 John St.
New Glasgow, NS
147 Ochterloney Street
P.O. Box 312
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
B2Y 3Y5
Tel: (902) 464-4000
Fax: (902) 466-2312
902.755.6996
We Sell Peace of Mind
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1233 Rocky Lake Drive
200 Waverley Road, Unit 1
Dartmouth, NS
B2X 2C1
902.435.4732
74
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Would a Lower Criminal BAC Save Lives?
In Canada, any person with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 80 mg% (80 milligrams of alcohol in 100
millilitres of blood, or 0.08) or over who is operating a motor vehicle can be charged with a criminal offense. Yet,
for most people impairment starts much below that level. That is why some believe that lowering the per se limit in
the Criminal Code to 0.05 will reduce deaths and injuries from impaired driving.
All provinces except Quebec already have short-term administrative roadside suspensions at 0.05 or lower. The
procedure is simple and can be carried out by police officers at the side of the road. If necessary and deemed
warranted by the officer, the vehicle is towed and stored at the driver's expense. Some provinces have licence
reinstatement fees and requirements for assessment and treatment in the case of repeat suspensions. These
administrative measures are effective tools in the fight against impaired driving, in part because they provide swift
and certain punishment.
Would eliminating these successful administrative sanctions in favor of criminal sanctions at the 0.05 level have a
beneficial impact on road safety?
A study sponsored by the Canada Safety Council found that Canada's law is among the strictest in the developed
world for BAC offenses (Safety Canada, April 2002). In most countries, drivers with BACs below 0.08 are simply
fined. Where license suspensions are possible, they tend to be much shorter in other countries than in Canada.
BACs of 0.05 and lower are addressed mostly in motor vehicle acts with offenses such as speeding - not in criminal
law alongside murder, robbery, and sexual assault, as would be the case in Canada if the federal BAC limit were
lowered to 0.05.
A study by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF), released in May 2002, found that lowering the BAC limit,
in and of itself, would not have a substantial impact on the incidence of impaired driving or alcohol-related crashes.
The study concluded that simply having and enforcing a per se BAC limit, regardless of the level, is an efficient and
effective way to deal with the impaired driving problem. The actual value of the BAC level may make little difference
in the overall context of policies, programs and procedures implemented to enforce it.
Canada has seen a strong downward trend in deaths related to impaired driving, including a 30% drop between
1995 and 1999. The nature of the problem is now quite different from 20 years ago. Today, the majority of drivers
involved in alcohol-related fatal crashes typically have BACs over 0.15 - about twice the legal limit. The TIRF study
maintains that if these offenders don't obey existing BAC limits, it would be simplistic and naive to expect them to
comply with a lower limit.
From the Canada Safety Council's perspective, resources are urgently needed to make existing laws work more
effectively. New countermeasures should target the chronic high-BAC offender.
The 110 page report, entitled The Safety Impact of Lowering the BAC Limit for Drivers in Canada, can be
downloaded from TIRF's Web site.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
75
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people get mobile.
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Olympia Tile International Inc.
55 Akerley Blvd.
Dartmouth, NS
B3B 1M3
902-468-9260
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25 Bay St., Antigonish, Nova Scotia, B2G 2G5
1380 Cole Harbour Rd., Dartmouth
902-434-4804 1-800-567-4663
www.allsco.com
Transportation
& Public Works
902.863.2830
La Shoppe
A’Camille
Ray MacDonald
Area Manager
Operations Services
Eastern District
6 Campbell Street
P.O. Box 10
Baddeck, N.S.
B0E 1B0
3485 Beliveau Cove, RR1,
Weymouth, NS B0W 3T0
Bus: 902 295-2700
Fax: 902 295-2617
E-mail: macdonro@gov.ns.ca
902.837.5829
S
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O
LL
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45 John Savage Ave.
Dartmouth, NS
B3B 2C9
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464-1700
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Facsimile 462-1123 www.atyp.com/superior
76
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A Hard Nut to Crack
The Canada Safety Council is a sponsor of the Road Safety Monitor, a Canada-wide telephone survey
of Canadians drivers. In its December 2005 report on drinking and driving, 15 percent of respondents —
an estimated 3.2 million — admitted to driving after drinking within the past month. Two-thirds did so
once or twice in the previous month but close to 16 percent of drinking drivers (about 2.3 percent of all
drivers) had done so more than four times.
Moreover, 6.7 percent said they had driven in the past year when they felt they were over the legal limit.
That translates into 1.5 million drivers. Drivers aged 25 to 34 are the most likely to driver after drinking;
19 percent report doing so. A small group of drivers (less than three percent) accounted for 84 percent
of all reported impaired driving trips.
The fact is that a few hard core drinking drivers cause most of the drunk driving problem in this country.
High-BAC drivers (i.e. those with BACs over 0.15) represent about one per cent of the cars on the road
at night and on weekends. Yet they account for nearly half of all drivers killed at those times.
These chronic offenders share several characteristics:
•
•
•
•
•
•
They drink frequently, and often to excess. Many are alcohol dependent.
They repeatedly drive after drinking.
When they drink and drive, their BAC is two to three times the legal limit.
Many have previously been convicted for impaired driving and have driven while suspended.
They resist changing their behavior, and are insensitive to anti-drinking-driving campaigns.
Canada's penalties for impaired driving, among the harshest in the developed world, do not deter
them from drinking and driving.
The hard core drinking driver presents a complex and resistant safety challenge. He (most are men)
does not believe his behavior poses a risk to his own safety or the safety of others. Those who study the
problem say most of these offenders tend to have menial employment (if employed at all), low education
and poor self esteem. Of all Quebec drivers convicted of criminal offenses such as those related to
impaired driving, only two percent earn more than $50,000 a year. Forty-one percent earn less than
$30,000 a year, and a full 43 percent have no income.
Public policy must continue to target this hard core group in order to make significant gains in the fight
against impaired driving.
Rehabilitation is an important part of the solution, because most hard core offenders have an alcohol
dependency problem. Remedial measures programs reduce the number of convictions for impaired
driving, particularly when combined with licensing sanctions. Of 12,000 people who attended Ontario's
remedial program in its first year, only one returned due to a subsequent conviction.
Other measures prevent the offender from driving while impaired. These include license suspensions,
vehicle impoundment and alcohol ignition interlock.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
77
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Tamper Resistant Prescription Pads
We are proud to support PANS in their initiatives to
reduce alcohol and prescription drug abuse in N.S.
5568 Cunard, Halifax, NS B3K 1C4
902.463.3449
“Worki ng t oget her for a bet t er C om m uni t y ” ®
10 FRAZEE AVENUE
DARTMOUTH
NOVA SCOTIA
B3B 1X4
Email: eric@greytop.com
Eric R. Powell
902 468 2870, Fax: 468 9423
Cell: 488 2870
GREENHILLS DEVELOPMENT
SURFACE COAL MINE
184 PITT ST., FLORENCE, NS B1Y 1N7
PH. (902) 736-0759
FAX: (902) 736-0397
78
OF
N OVA S COTIA
(...A Hard Nut to Crack continued)
An Evaluation of the Alberta Administrative Licence Suspension Program released in August 2005 found
a 24 per cent drop in the number of repeat impaired drivers and a 19 per cent reduction in the number
of repeat offenders involved in alcohol-related collisions that cause injury or death. The study also found
there was a drop in the percentage of fatal collisions that involved drinking drivers, from 23 per cent
before the licence suspension program came into effect to 19 per cent afterward.
The alcohol ignition interlock is a small breath-testing unit installed under the dash and linked to the
vehicle's ignition system. To operate the vehicle, the driver must provide a breath sample. The Criminal
Code of Canada allows reduction of the mandatory driving suspension for a first offence from one year
to three months if the offender participates in an interlock program for the remainder of the one-year
period. The device is installed at the offender's expense. Interlock programs reduce recidivism by as
much as 90 per cent while the device is in the vehicle. Used in conjunction with rehabilitation they are
proving to be a very effective countermeasure.
In 2003, road crashes involving a driver who had been drinking killed 902 people. This is down 30
percent from 1995, when there were 1,296 motor vehicle deaths involving a drinking driver - despite an
11 percent increase in the number of licensed drivers. Of the drinking-driving road fatalities, half (450)
were drivers whose blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was over 0.08 - not innocent victims by anyone's
definition. Many of these were in the hard core group.
In sharp contrast to Canada's progress, the number of impaired driving fatalities has not changed since
1994 in the United States. The fact fewer Canadians are being killed in crashes involving alcohol is
encouraging, but we can't let our guard down.
Drunk driving still causes far too many unnecessary and preventable tragedies on our roads. The hard
core drinking driver is the biggest challenge to further progress.
Updated January 2006
DRINKING
and then
DRIVING
KILLS
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
79
TRUST.
Lew Dingwall
Sales & Service
79
PARKWAY DR.
TRURO
B2N 5A9
FLATBED/SPECIAL COMMODOTIES
ATLANTIC REGION
Wood-Mizer Canada - East
Box 173 2600 #1 Hwy
Aylesford NS B0P 1C0
TEL:
(902) 893-8805
TEL:
(902) 897-5028
FAX:
(902)859-0722
CELL:
(902)897-7874
US/CDA: 1-800-565-1676
TEL: 902.847.9369
FAX: 902.847.9369
TF: 877.866.0667
WEB: www.woodmizer.com
ALL-WAYS EXCAVATION
BOB FOWLER
Ditch Cleaning 36”, 24” & 12” Buckets
12” & 18” Augar
B-896-0045 C-899-1647
H-986-1647
2301 Hwy #311
Truro, NS B2N 5B4
ALL-WAYS EXCAVATION
Proud Sponsor of
the 38th Annual
Crime Prevention
Guide
Graphics & Sign Specialists
NEW GLASGOW – CAPE BRETON
902-922-2915
WINDSOR – SOUTH SHORE
902-689-2745
TRURO – ANNAPOLIS VALLEY – YARMOUTH
1-800-565-2208
1-800-218-COKE
From A
Friend
220 Chain Lake Dr.
Halifax, NS
B3S 1C5
902.450.5570
80
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N OVA S COTIA
MADD Canada Releases
January 8, 2007
Proposed Nova Scotia Impaired Driving
Legislation ʻExcellentʼ: MADD Canada
“This will save lives and reduce the incidents
of impaired driving”
Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) Canada
praised Nova Scotia legislators today for their
efforts in proposing new impaired driving
measures that will ensure the Provinceís roads are
safer. Representatives from MADD Canadaʼs Nova
Scotia Chapters joined with MLA Kevin Deveaux to
call on the Government to quickly pass a package
of impaired driving laws announced today by the
N.D.P.
The proposed new impaired driving laws include
an enhanced graduated licence program with a
zero-BAC limit for the first five years of driving, as
well as a zero-BAC limit for all supervising drivers;
and, an increase from the current 24-hour to a 7day administrative licence suspension for drivers
who register 0.05% BAC, or over, on a
breathalyzer test.
“We would like to see these measures become law
in this Session of Parliament,” says Susan
MacAskill, Windsor resident and former National
President of MADD Canada. “The initiatives come
directly from MADD Canadaʼs recommendations to
this Government and they are excellent measures
that are proven effective. We know this package
will save lives and reduce the incidents of impaired
driving in Nova Scotia.”
Mrs. MacAskill explains that MADD Canada has
had numerous meetings with MLAs on impaired
driving legislative recommendations from the
organizationʼs Rating the Provinces: The 2006
Report Card and its youth study, Opportunities for
Progress. “Our recommendations are made based
on the best empirical evidence and on current
international experience in reducing impaired
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
driving fatalities and injuries. We are very
encouraged that Nova Scotia legislators are taking
up our recommendations and proposing more
effective laws.”
On the issue of MADD Canadaʼs endorsement of
the N.D.P. impaired driving package, Mrs.
MacAskill was clear and emphatic. “Impaired
driving is a non-partisan issue and, across the
country, MADD Canada representatives work with
all political stripes to achieve safer roads for
Canadians. In this Province, we have held
meetings and exchanged information with MLAs
from all Parties and we have an on-going dialogue
with government officials. So, whether it is a
Government initiative or, in this case a N.D.P.
initiative, MADD Canada is just happy to see new,
effective legislation being introduced and passed.”
“MADD Canada was recently in Manitoba to praise
that Government on enacting similar initiatives with
respect to their graduated licence program.” Mrs.
MacAskill adds, “We are working with
governments to introduce effective and proven
impaired driving legislation and we are
encouraging all provincial governments to take a
look at what is being done in Canadian jurisdictions
and around the world to save lives.”
“The answer to safer roads can be found in the
research and findings of the document Rating the
Provinces,” says Mrs. MacAskill.
MADD Canada released its comprehensive study
of provincial and territorial impaired driving
legislation on October 19, 2006. Rating the
Provinces: The 2006 Report Card presents five
core elements as being essential in provincial and
territorial efforts to reduce impaired driving:
• a comprehensive graduated licensing program
for all new drivers, including express police
powers to enforce it;
• a .00% BAC limit for all drivers under 21 or with
less than five years driving experience;
continued...
81
710 Prince Street
PO Box 1128
TRURO NS B2N 5H1
HALIFAX OFFICE
255 Lacewood Drive
902-445-5511
Phone: 902-895-1561
Fax: 902-895-7709
e-mail: truro@burchellmacdougall.com
WOLFVILLE OFFICE
29 Elm Avenue
902-542-4543
Since 1944
Gordon Chapman
President
Zutphen Contractors
Gordon Chapman
Plumbing & Heating Ltd.
J & T van Zutphen Construction Inc.
John van Zutphen
President
Pictou, Nova Scotia
Plumbing & Heating Specialists
Commercial & Residential
New Construction & Renovations
Hot Water Heating & Radiant Floor Systems
P.O. Box 130
Port Hood
Nova Scotia
B0E 2W0
Phone: 902-485-6988 Fax: 902-485-1133
Email: gordonchapman@ns.sympatico.ca
Telephone (902) 945-2300 Fax: (902) 945-2087 Cell: 565-7131
GREEN WAY CLAYMORE
INN & ANTIGONISH
CONFERENCE CENTRE
www.claymoreinn.com
We Are Leaders in
Evironmental Hospitality
Church
863-1050
Reservations:
863-1050
Facsimile:
863-1050
Toll Free: 1-888-863-1050
K. CARLSEN MANUFACTURING LTD.
3156 St. Margaret’s Bay Rd.
Timberlea, NS
B3T 1J1
902-876-8282
Proud Supporter of
The Police Association of Nova Scotia
(902) 755-7788
Proud to support
82
OF
N OVA S COTIA
(...MADD continued)
• express police powers to stop vehicles, establish
sobriety checkpoints, and demand field sobriety
testing from suspected alcohol and/or drug
impaired drivers;
• strengthening the existing short-term roadside
licence suspension programs for drivers with
BACs of .05% or higher, to include a 7-14 day
licence suspension, a $150 - $300 licence
reinstatement fee, the recording of the
suspension on the driverʼs record, and
mandatory remedial measures for repeat
violations; and
• mandatory alcohol interlock, vehicle impoundment
and forfeiture, and remedial programs.
Manitoba scored the highest grade in the study
with an A -. At the time of the studyís release,
MADD Canada lauded Manitoba for its introduction
of new legislative reforms including a five-year,
zero-BAC for new drivers.
Full details of the comprehensive study and its
recommendations, including a podcast interview
with study co-author Professor Robert Solomon,
can be found on www.madd.ca. Visit:
http://www.madd.ca/english/research/rtp.html
For further information, call:
Susan MacAskill,
MADD Canadaʼs Atlantic Region Manager
1-866-798-6233
Professor Robert Solomon,
MADD Canada Legal Affairs
Director (and co-author of Rating the Provinces:
The 2006 Report Card)
(519) 661-3603
Please!
donʼt drink and drive...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
83
La Have Denture Clinic
Anicom Signs Inc.
Supports the fight against
Drinking and Driving in Nova Scotia
134 Joseph Zatzman Dr.
Dartmouth, NS B3B 1M4
129 Aberdeen, Suite 105
Bridgewater
902.468.8001
543-5111
S i nce 1985
562-7661
Fax: 539-3059
South Bar
INC.
• Custom Home
Construction &
Renovations
• Professional
Consultation
• Roofing
Specialists
• FREE Estimates
“A member of the Canadian Home Builders’ Association”
Nova Scotia Mi’kmaw Education
47 Maillard Street
Membertou, NS B1S 2P5
902.567.0336
ACUREN GROUP INC.
2, Lakeside Park Drive
Unit #2, Lakeside Industrial Park
Lakeside, NS B3T 1L7
office: 902.497.3870 fax: 902.445.5090
www.acuren.com
REIGHʼS
SERVICE CENTRE LTD.
GENERAL DELIVERY, HEBRON, N.S. B0W 1X0
Tire Dealers - General Repairs
Tel: (902) 742-4927
PROUDLY SUPPORTS PANS
84
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Youth and Impaired
Driving in Canada:
Opportunities for Progress
Despite the progress that was made between 1980
and the mid-90s, traffic crashes remain the largest
cause of death among 15-24 year old Canadians,
accounting for 31% of their deaths in 2003.*
Young people have the highest rates of traffic death
and injury per capita among all age groups, and the
highest death rate per kilometre driven among all
drivers under 75 years of age. In 2004, traffic
crashes killed 695 young people and injured
another 53,600. Even conservatively estimated,
over 45% of these deaths were alcohol related.
Although more research is required, it is clear that
an additional percentage of youth crash deaths are
drug related. The projected increase in Canada’s
youth population over the next five years will, in
and of itself, increase impairment-related traffic
deaths and injuries among 15-24 year olds. Thus,
effective action is required to achieve even the very
modest goal of preventing the number of such
deaths and injuries from increasing. The purpose
of this study is to provide a broad survey of
legislative measures that the provincial and
territorial governments can implement to better
protect young Canadians.
We have taken a broader perspective than some
earlier studies. First, we have examined the
problem in terms of not only beginning drivers (1619 year olds), but also young adult drivers (20-24
year olds). Second, we have defined the youth
crash problem as encompassing pedestrians,
cyclists, and operators of snowmobiles and ATVs,
as well as drivers and passengers. Third, while the
majority of the report deals with alcohol-related
crashes, we have also addressed the apparently
increasing rates of drug-impaired driving. Fourth,
in addition to recommendations relating directly to
driving, we have proposed measures to reduce the
hazardous patterns of alcohol and drug
consumption that generate impairment-related
crash deaths among youth. In preparing our
recommendations, we have been cognizant of the
likely level of public and political support for
various measures, as this is often a critical factor in
determining
if
proposed
reforms will be
enacted. Thus, our
recommendations draw
heavily on current best
practices in Canada and
other similar democracies.
We have also taken into
account the requirements of
the Canadian Charter of
Rights and Freedoms. Since any law that is found
to be in violation of the Charter will be struck
down, our recommendations have been drafted to
accord with Charter values.
The report is divided into five sections. The first
provides the detailed statistical background upon
which the remainder of the report is based. Among
other things, information has been provided on the
number of young drivers, patterns of alcohol and
drug use among youth, characteristics of youth
crashes, statistics on total youth crashes, and
statistics on alcohol and/or drug involvement in
these crashes.
Young people have the highest reported rates of
drug use, and weekly, monthly and total binge
drinking (typically defined as consuming five or
more standard drinks on a single occasion). They
also have high rates of driving after drinking and
drug use, and of being a passenger of a driver who
has been drinking or taking drugs. Young people
exhibit driving characteristics that greatly increase
their crash risks. Beginning drivers are immature,
and lack both driving experience and the skills
necessary to avoid potentially hazardous situations.
Young people, particularly males, tend to be risk
takers, in that they have relatively high rates of
speeding and aggressive driving, and lower rates of
seatbelt use. It is young people’s patterns of
alcohol and drug consumption, coupled with their
driving behaviours, that explain why they are
dramatically overrepresented in all categories of
* The studies we refer to in this report did not use the same age groupings for young people. While many
sources divided the youth population into 16-19 and 20-24 year olds, others used a 15-19 and 20-24 year
old grouping. Finally, some of the data were reported in terms of 16-19 and 20-25 year olds.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
continued...
85
New Glasgow
Police Service
New Glasgow, NS
Chris Maher
Branch Manager
M&C
94 Simmonds Drive, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B3B 1P6
Tel (902) 486-1202 • (800) 498-7779 Fax (902) 468-3072
cmaher@stellarindustrial.ca
NEON &
FLUORESCENT
Ltd.
AUTO SERVICE
• All Types of Vehicle Repairs
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564-0648
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Because Our Customers are #1
539-7778
Facsimile 564-0175
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults, Couples,
Adolescents and Children
-------------
Suite 305, 6155 North Street
Halifax, Nova Scotia B3K 5R3
Phone - (902) 453-2200
Fax - (902) 453-5868
www.hfxpsych.com
Psychodiagnostic, Personality, Pain, Psychoeducational & ADHD Assessments
Archibald Drilling &
Blasting 1986 Ltd.
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Fully Insured, Licensed Carpenters
“Do It Right The First Time”
Upper Musquodoboit
902-568-2223
Bridgewater ........................543-8595
Riverside Fuels
PO Box 426
Sydney, Nova Scotia
B1P 6H2
401 Willow Street
Truro, Nova Scotia
B2N 6X6
Phone: (902) 897 0787 Fax: (902) 897 9896
www.sourceatlantic.ca
562.1290
902.
Serving East Side Cape Breton
86
OF
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(...Youth and Impaired continued)
governing lifestyle advertising that targets youth.
Of particular concern is the need to dramatically
increase enforcement of the liquor licence
legislation, especially in licensed premises catering
to youth. Older teens and young adults do a
disproportionate share of their drinking in a
relatively small number of establishments, which
are typically well known to the police and licensing
authorities.
The underage and over-service
prohibitions are routinely ignored by many of these
venues. The existing licensing laws need to be far
more frequently and rigorously enforced. As long
as there are very large numbers of intoxicated youth
leaving bars, taverns and similar licensed premises
The second section examines the range of every weekend night, they will continue to
regulatory controls that the provinces and dominate the statistics on alcohol-related driver,
territories can implement over the availability, passenger and pedestrian traffic deaths.
marketing and consumption of alcohol. Our focus
is on measures that will most directly impact binge The third section of the study examines several
and underage drinking among youth, and the driver-licensing measures that have been shown to
alcohol-related crash deaths that result. Research reduce youth traffic deaths and injuries. We begin
has established that levels of hazardous by outlining the case for a minimum driving age of
consumption are related to elevated rates of 16. Currently, a majority of Canadian jurisdictions
alcohol-related harms, including traffic crashes. permit individuals to obtain a learning permit prior
Moreover, the early onset of drinking among youth to the age of 16, but in some cases, only if they are
is associated with increased alcohol-related enrolled in a driver education program. Research
problems and injuries both during adolescence and indicates that a driving age below 16 is associated
with higher crash risks, and that increasing the
later in life.
minimum driving age reduces crashes among
MADD Canada recommends that the minimum younger drivers.
drinking age be increased to 19 in Alberta,
Manitoba and Québec. All jurisdictions should: We also propose that all jurisdictions establish a
increase beer prices to bring them into line with comprehensive graduated licensing program
liquor prices on a per standard drink basis; (GLP). Studies from Ontario, Nova Scotia,
standardize prices within beverage types in terms of Québec, the United States, and New Zealand have
alcohol content; and index alcohol prices to consistently shown that GLPs significantly reduce
inflation. The provinces should establish/maintain crash deaths and injuries among the affected
government monopolies over off-premise alcohol population. GLPs allow new drivers to gain onsales and alcohol delivery services, and implement the-road experience in low-risk circumstances, and
keg registration laws. The various underage- gradually introduce them to more challenging
drinking offences (e.g. illicit sales, provision and situations. Since the elevated crash risks of
possession, and the production and use of forged beginning drivers are related to their inexperience
IDs) should be more rigorously enforced and and not just their age, the GLP should apply to
sanctioned. The provinces need to increase public beginning drivers of all ages.
awareness of the existing prohibitions against
selling, giving or providing alcohol to underage or MADD Canada advocates that a comprehensive
intoxicated individuals, and the potential civil three-stage GLP be established for all new drivers,
liability consequences of breaching these irrespective of age. Stage 1 should be 12 months in
prohibitions. A tiered program of mandatory server length, during which novice drivers must be
and management training should be introduced for accompanied by a supervisor, who is at least 21 and
all licensed establishments. Furthermore, the has been fully licensed for two or more years.
provinces need to enforce the existing alcohol Stage-1 drivers should also be subject to nighttime
advertising laws, particularly the regulations driving, high-speed road, and passenger
impairment-related traffic deaths. For example, 1625 year olds constituted only 13.7% of the
Canadian population in 2003, but accounted for
32.1% of the alcohol-related traffic fatalities.
While young people are overrepresented as drivers
of passenger vehicles in alcohol-related deaths,
they are overrepresented to an even greater degree
among passengers, pedestrians, bicyclists, and ATV
and snowmobile operators. The impaired crash
problem among youth is not simply a function of
their immaturity and lack of driving experience; it
also reflects their hazardous patterns of alcohol and
drug use.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
continued...
87
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WHYCOCOMAGH, NS B0E 3M0
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311 Prince Albert Rd., Dartmouth, N.S.
463-5508 463-4188
756-2337
Southl i Side
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Tel.: 674-2777
100 High Street
Bridgewater, NS
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EARL FRANCIS SPRYFIELD MEMORIAL
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Tel:
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Fax:
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Toll Free: 1-800-565-6221
www.mackaystruckcenter.ca
Spryfield, NS
WE CARE
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BILL MASTERS
121 Ilsley Avenue,
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GENERAL MANAGER
1-800-565-4318
Bus: (902) 895-6381
Fax: (902) 893-7603
Res: (902) 895-0877
bmasters@novaent.ns.ca
902.468.6666
RENAISSANCE
(CLOTHING CO.)
Lo cated i n o ne o f Hal i fax ’s
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Featuring casual clothing and footwear for
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88
OF
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(...Youth and Impaired continued)
restrictions. Drivers should have to pass a road test
before proceeding to the next stage of the program.
Stage 2 should also be 12 months in length. During
this stage, supervision would not be required,
except for nighttime driving, driving on high-speed
roads, or driving with more than one teenage
passenger. In order to proceed, stage-2 drivers
should be required to pass a second road test. Stage
3 should be a 24-month probationary period, during
which the driver would have full driving privileges,
but would be subject to closer scrutiny by the
licensing authorities than more experienced drivers.
All drivers and supervisors in the GLP should be
required to maintain a zero BAC, and be free of
potentially impairing drugs. The stages of the GLP
should not be shortened for those who have taken a
driver education course.
MADD Canada also recommends that all drivers
under the age of 21 be subject to a zero BAC limit.
This provision should apply even if the driver has
successfully completed the entire GLP. Young
drivers are already disadvantaged due to their
inexperience, and they should not have their
judgment further impaired by alcohol. This
recommendation addresses the high rates of
alcohol-related fatalities among 18-20 year old
drivers and the fact that, under the current law, they
are first permitted to drive unsupervised at about
the same time they reach the legal drinking age.
Such BAC limits, which have been adopted
throughout the United States, have proven to be
very effective in reducing alcohol-related crashes
among those under the age of 21.
The fourth section examines the police
enforcement powers that are required to implement
effective youth impaired driving policies. If the
province or territory has not already done so, it
should give the police express statutory authority to
stop vehicles and demand documentation from both
beginning drivers and any supervising adult.
Moreover, the police need to be given express
statutory authority to demand roadside breath
testing from drivers and supervisors who are
subject to a zero BAC restriction. Such measures
have been shown to have significant traffic safety
benefits, in that they deter drinking and driving, by
increasing the perceived risks of detection and
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
89
sanction. Drivers who violate the zero BAC
restriction should be subject to an immediate
licence suspension and other appropriate
administrative sanctions. MADD Canada also
recommends establishing systematic sobriety
checkpoint programs in areas that routinely
generate large numbers of young impaired drivers
and pedestrians.
Measures are also needed to address the fact that
young people have the highest reported rates of
driving under the influence of cannabis and other
illicit drugs. We recommend that the police be
given express statutory authority to demand
participation in a standard field sobriety test from
any driver they reasonably suspect has drugs in his
or her body. These and similar powers are essential
if the police are to effectively enforce the existing
federal criminal prohibition on driving while one’s
ability to do so is impaired by drugs. The fifth
section of the study begins with a summary of our
recommendations, and then identifies five priorities
for immediate action. Our priorities reflect the
need to address both the hazardous patterns of
alcohol and drug consumption among Canadian
youth, and their lack of driving skills and
experience. These priorities are:
• More rigorous enforcement of the existing liquor
licence prohibitions against selling, serving or
giving alcohol to minors or intoxicated
individuals,
particularly
in
licensed
establishments catering to youth;
• Implementation of a comprehensive GLP
comprised of three licensing stages;
• Enactment of a zero BAC limit for all drivers
under the age of 21;
• Enactment of express statutory authority
permitting the police to stop vehicles and inspect
documentation, to demand breath samples from
drivers and supervisors who are subject to a
GLP, and to demand breath samples from drivers
subject to an age-related zero BAC restriction; and
• Introduction of systematic sobriety checkpoint
programs in areas that traditionally have high
concentrations of young impaired drivers and
pedestrians.
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Transportation of Money and Valuables
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and
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P.O. Box 35
Thorburn, Pic. Co.
Nova Scotia, Canada
B0K 1W0
1496 Beford Highway Suite 606
Bedford, NS B4A 1E5
Mr. Eric Melanson
Phone: 902-423-5199 Fax: 902-492-3912
E-mail: atlanticsales@esricanada.com
URL: http://www.esricanada.com
Toll Free: 1-877-922-2525
Tel: 902-922-2525
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O’BRIEN’S PHARMACHOICE
Walter McCormack
United Plumbers &
Steamfitters Local 682
98 WATER ST.
P.O. BOX 190
PUGWASH, NS B0K 1L0
PH: (902) 243-2551
FAX: (902) 243-3211
PO Box 4508
Reserve Mines, NS
B1E 1L2
902.562.3753
SPERRY MARINE CANADA
A Unit of Northrop Grumman Canada Corp
In Halifax
24 Hour Sales/Service
www.sperry-marine.com
1000 Windmill Rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468-9479
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902-685-2778
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90
1-800-268-8669
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Rating The Provinces And Territories:
The 2006 Report Card
A Comprehensive Review of Provincial and Territorial Impaired Driving Laws
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• MADD Canada has released this comprehensive
study to provide the provinces and territories with
information on realistic and effective measures that
will reduce impaired driving in their jurisdiction.
Rating The Provinces And Territories: The 2006
Report Card serves as the basis for MADD Canada’s
ongoing discussions with the provincial and
territorial governments on the critical role that they
can play in reducing impaired driving.
•
•
•
•
A legislative summary was prepared for each
province and territory. The summaries examined
four subject areas: licensing; police enforcement
powers; licence suspensions and revocations; and
vehicle sanctions and remedial programs.
Jurisdictions were rated against The 2006 Rating
Scale. It was based on the comprehensive review of
the traffic safety research undertaken in preparing
three recent MADD Canada documents, namely:
The 2003 MADD Canada Model; Youth and
Impaired Driving in Canada: Opportunities for
Progress; and Alcohol, Trauma and Impaired
Driving, 3rd ed. All three background documents
have been published and are also available on
MADD Canada’s website.
The 2006 Rating Scale identified traffic safety
measures that hold the greatest promise for
substantial reductions in impaired driving. It also
served as the basis for the assessments of the
provincial and territorial legislative summaries that
were conducted by two independent traffic safety
research experts.
As in the past, The 2006 Rating Scale reflects the
following underlying principles:
-Obtaining and holding a licence is a
privilege and not a right;
-Traffic authorities must be empowered to
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
take action to prevent tragedies, not just
react after the event by sanctioning those
responsible;
-The police need broader investigatory
authority to efficiently detect impaired
drivers and obtain admissible evidence;
-Administrative proceedings are far more
expedient, efficient and inexpensive than
penal sanctions, and more appropriate for
the regulatory issues relating to the
Manitoba AOntario B
Newfoundland and Labrador BAlberta BSaskatchewan BNorthwest Territories BYukon C+
British Colum
bia C+
Quebec C
Prince Edward
Is
land D+
Nova Scotia D+
New Brunswick D
Nunavut F
91
continued...
Salvatore’s
5541 Young St.
Halifax, NS
B3K 1Z7
455-1133
Proud to Support
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Cell (902) 897-8129
Fax (902) 895-7206
Office (902) 893-3309
RICHARD (BEE) DʼENTREMONT
President & General Manager
P. O. BOX 209
LOWER WEST PUBNICO
YARMOUTH COUNTY, N.S.
B0W 2C0
Stephen McNeil
5151 George Street, Suite 1402
PO Box 741
Halifax, NS B3J 2T3
Phone: (902) 424-8637 Toll Free: 1-877-778-1917
Fax: (902) 424-0539
www.nsliberalcaucus.com
C on g r atula ti on s o n 3 8 Y e ars
o f C on ti nu e d S e rv ic e
PHONE - BUS. 762-2700
RES. 762-2605
FAX 762-3316
Elegant Flooring
226 Bedford Rd.
Bedford, NS
B3M-2K3
Liberal
Leader
443-3700
Seaboard Painting & Contracting
261 River Road, Economy, N.S. B0M 1J0
Ralph Welton
Painting, Spray Painting - Commercial & Industrial
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647-2638 647-2091 Fax 647-2681
Cell 899-5164
Shelburne Mall
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Amherst, Nova Scotia
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115 King St.
Shelburne, NS B0T 1W0
EFT Expert leading five-day retreats in Canada and Europe
Coach – The Sedona Method
President Level Distributor for HTE Canada medical devices
902.875.2579
902 667 0002
louise@wisdomofbeing.com
www.wisdomofbeing.com
92
OF
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(...Rating the Provinces continued)
licensing of drivers, vehicle sanctions and
remedial programs; and
•
•
-Public safety should be given the highest
priority in framing provincial and
territorial impaired driving legislation.
Consistent with the expressed preference of
most of the provinces and territories,
MADD Canada has narrowed the scope of
The 2006 Report Card relative to its 2000
and 2003 counterpart. In selecting the five
core elements of The 2006 Rating Scale,
priority was given to measures that will
garner the greatest public support and
have the most significant impact in
reducing impaired driving crashes. The
five core elements are outlined below:
•
•
-a comprehensive graduated licensing
program for all new drivers, including
express police powers to enforce it;
- a .00% BAC limit for all drivers under 21
or with less than five years driving
experience;
•
- express police powers to stop vehicles,
establish sobriety checkpoints, and
demand Standard Field Sobriety Testing
from suspected alcohol and/or drugimpaired drivers;
•
- a strengthening of the existing short-term
roadside licence suspension programs for
drivers with BACs of .05% or higher to
include a 7-14 day licence suspension, a
$150-$300 licence reinstatement fee, the
recording of the suspension on the driver’s
record, and mandatory remedial measures
for repeat violations; and
•
•
- mandatory alcohol interlock, vehicle
impoundment and forfeiture, and remedial
programs.
MADD Canada is generally pleased with the
progress that has been made since 2003, and this is
reflected in the fact that a majority of jurisdictions
were awarded at least marginally higher grades in
2006 than in 2003. Almost all of the provinces and
territories have introduced some measures to
strengthen their impaired driving legislation since
The 2003 Report Card. However, while some
jurisdictions have made major strides, others have
done relatively little.
Manitoba has again led the way in introducing
important legislative reforms, and Newfoundland
and Labrador, the Northwest Territories and Alberta
have also made significant progress.
In contrast, Nova Scotia and Québec have fallen
sharply in the rankings, and New Brunswick,
Nunavut and Prince Edward Island have made little
progress from their poor showing in 2003.
In the seven years since MADD Canada initiated
this project, considerable progress has been made
with respect to graduated licensing programs,
provincial suspensions for federal impaired driving
offences, and alcohol interlock, vehicle
impoundment and remedial programs. On the other
hand, the lack of progress in regard to police
enforcement powers has been disappointing.
The provincial and territorial legislative summaries
incorporated all relevant statutes and regulations,
legislation that had been enacted but not yet
proclaimed in force, and related information on
government websites. We also took into account
any pertinent administrative practices or policies
that government officials brought to our attention
prior to August 24, 2006.
Despite the considerable legislative improvements
that some jurisdictions have made, impaired traffic
deaths are rising in Canada. This troubling trend,
coupled with the expected increase in young
inexperienced drivers on our roads, highlights the
need for continued strengthening of the provincial
and territorial laws.
The chart on the following page summarizes the
overall performance of the provinces and territories
in 2006 and their ranking and grade from the
previous comprehensive reviews. For a more
detailed discussion of each jurisdiction’s 2006
ranking and grade, readers are encouraged to review
the individual provincial and territorial summaries
which start on page 20 of this report.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
93
JIM’S WINDOW
&DOOR Service
902 562-2286
110 Douglas Street,
North Sydney, NS. B2A 4G9
Best Western
Glengarry
Compliments of
“Truro Trade and Convention Center”
Canso Chemicals Ltd.
150 Willow Street
Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 4Z6
(902) 893-4311 Fax (902) 893-1759
For Reservations Call 1-800-567-4276
www.bwglengarry.com
New Glasgow, N.S.
Mike Langille
Manager
300 Prince Albert Rd., Suite 105
Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4J2
www.basilav.com
Tel: (902) 471-1338
Fax: (902) 461-0877
mikelangille@basilav.com
Steve Bartlett
President & Sales
phone (902) 883 8389
cell (902) 497 2799
fax (902) 883 7166
email steve@kelgreghomes.com
www.kelgreghomes.com
custom crafted homes
Kel-Greg
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94
OF
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CHART I: OVERALL RANKINGS AND GRADES
RANKINGS AND GRADES
2006
2003
2000
JURISDICTION
Manitoba
Ontario
Newfoundland and Labrador
Alberta
Saskatchewan
Northwest Territories
Yukon
British Columbia
Québec
Prince Edward Island
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Nunavut
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
13th
SYNOPSIS: Nova Scotia scored well for its minimum
driving age. It scored poorly on its graduated licensing
program, police enforcement powers, and alcohol
interlock and vehicle impoundment programs. In
addition, it needs to introduce a 24-hour suspension for
unfitness, improve its short-term administrative licence
suspension and introduce vehicle forfeiture.
GRADE AND RANKING: Nova Scotia received a D+
and ranked eleventh in the 2006 Report, down six places
from the 2003 Report.
LICENSING: The minimum age of licensed driving in
Nova Scotia is 16. Nova Scotia has a graduated
licensing system which includes passenger and time-ofday restrictions, but no high-speed roadway restrictions.
The minimum length of the program is two years and
three months, during which learners and newly-licensed
drivers are subject to a .00% BAC restriction. There is
no BAC restriction on supervising drivers. Nova Scotia
does not impose a .00% BAC limit on fully-licensed
drivers under the age of 21 or in their first five years of
driving. It is an offence for a learner or newly-licensed
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
95
AB
BBBBC+
C+
C
D+
D+
D
F
1st
2nd
9t
7th
4th
12th
6th
8th
3rd
11th
5th
10th
13th
B
B
D+
CC
DCD+
C+
D+
C
D+
F
4th
1st
10th
6th
5th
12th
9th
2nd
7th
8th
3rd
11th
N/A
C
C+
D+
CCF
D+
C+
CD+
C
D
N/A
driver to have a BAC over .00% or to fail to provide a
sample. Under Nova Scotia’s demerit point system,
learners and newly-licensed drivers are subject to lower
point thresholds than other drivers.
POLICE ENFORCEMENT POWERS: The police
do not have express statutory authority to demand that
drivers stop their vehicle or to demand that drivers
provide documentation. Nova Scotia does not give the
police statutory authority to demand that a driver who
they reasonably suspect has alcohol or drugs in his or
her body participate in Standard Field Sobriety Testing.
The police do not have authority to demand a breath,
blood, saliva, or urine sample from a person reasonably
suspected of having been a driver in a fatal or personal
injury crash.
LICENCE SUSPENSIONS AND REVOCATIONS:
Nova Scotia legislation does not authorize police to
suspend a driver’s licence for 24 hours because the
driver is unfit to drive for reasons other than alcohol or
drug impairment. The police in Nova Scotia are not
authorized to issue a 7-14 day administrative licence
suspension to a driver if they: (i) reasonably believe that
continued...
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96
OF
N OVA S COTIA
his or her ability to drive is impaired by alcohol or
drugs; or (ii) the driver registers a BAC of .05% or
higher on a breath, blood or urine test. However, Nova
Scotia does have a less comprehensive shortterm
suspension. If a driver registers a BAC of .05% or
more, the police are authorized to request the surrender
of his or her licence. Similarly, the police may demand
the surrender of the licence of any driver who is charged
with impaired driving, driving with a BAC above .08%,
or refusing to provide breath or blood samples, without
a reasonable excuse. The driver is required to surrender
his or her licence, and the police request triggers a
licence revocation and a 24-hour suspension. It appears
to be police policy to forward a record of the suspension
to the Registrar, but not the surrendered licence. There
are no standard consequences for accumulating 24-hour
suspensions. However, the Registrar does have broad
general powers to require a driver to submit to an
examination and to successfully complete a driver
improvement program. If the police have reasonable
and probable grounds to believe, by reason of breath or
blood analysis, that a driver has a BAC above .08%,
they must seize the driver’s licence. Similarly, they
must seize the licence of a driver who they have
reasonable and probable grounds to believe has failed to
provide a sample without a reasonable excuse. The
driver is allowed to drive for 7 days on a temporary
licence and is then prohibited from driving for 90 days.
Drivers are required to successfully complete an alcohol
rehabilitation program prior to reinstatement. There are
no prescribed consequences for drivers who accumulate
90-day prohibitions. However, as indicated, the
Registrar has broad general powers to require a driver to
submit to an examination and to successfully complete
a driver improvement program.
VEHICLE AND REMEDIAL PROGRAMS: Nova
Scotia does not yet have an alcohol interlock program.
However, amendments which are currently scheduled to
come into force by no later than January 1, 2007, would
create a program. Under the proposed amendments,
every driver whose licence is revoked or suspended for
a federal impaired driving offence, and every driver
who receives a 90-day administrative licence
suspension, would be required to participate in an
alcohol interlock and monitoring program prior to
reinstatement. Specific vehicle impoundment
legislation was enacted in 1998, but it has still not been
proclaimed in force. Under it, the police will be
required to detain the vehicle of a person driving while
his or her licence or privilege to obtain a licence has
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
been revoked under certain circumstances. The police
will then notify the Registrar, who will have the
authority to order the vehicle impounded for 90 days for
a first occurrence. Nova Scotia legislation does not
authorize the forfeiture of a driver’s vehicle. Every
driver whose licence is revoked or suspended for a
federal impaired driving offence, and every driver who
receives a 90-day administrative licence suspension,
must participate in a rehabilitation program prior to
licence reinstatement. Federal impaired driving
offenders who re-offend or receive a 90-day suspension
are required to attend an assessment with Addiction
Services.
ALCOHOL IS ALCOHOL. DON’T DRINK AND DRIVE.
continued...
97
Bond & Coolen Contracting
AEL Security Ltd.
P.O. Box 20033
Halifax, NS
B3R 2K9
201 Brownlow Ave., Site 44
Dartmouth, NS
B3B 1W2
902.468.5221
902-477-5118
Walker’s Gas & Electric Ltd. 2006 Windsor Street, Halifax, NS B3K 5C8
For all of your structural and architectural
precast products contact us at:
Louisiana-Pacific Canada Ltd.
2005 Hwy. #3, PO Box 2010
Chester, NS B0J 1J0
Telephone: (902) 275-3556
Facsimile:
(902) 275-5722
www.lpcorp.com
G. M. MACHEAVY
DONALD
WELDING LTD.
EQUIPMENT REPAIRS
COMPLETE MACHINE SHOP FACILITIES
PORTABLE LINE BORING
PAINTING AND SAND BLASTING
FIRE TRUCK FABRICATION AND REPAIR
Louisiana-Pacific Canada Ltd.
is proud to support P.A.N.S
GORDON M. MACDONALD
RES. (902) 756-2209
P.O. BOX 249
WHYCOCOMAGH
C.B., N.S. B0E 3M0
BUS. (902) 756-2575
FAX. (902) 756-2943
TRURO INTERNATIONAL INC.
559 Willow St., Truro Industrial Park
Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 6T3
Telephone (902) 895-0507
Fax (902) 893-0537
Parts Only 1-800-661-4100
98
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N OVA S COTIA
GOVERNMENT OF NOVA SCOTIA
gov.ns.ca
ROAD SAFETY CAMPAIGN LAUNCHED
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND PUBLIC WORKS (TO OCT. 23 2007)
FEBRUARY 27, 2007 10:09 AM
Young men will be asked to give drinking and
driving a sober second thought the next time they
go to a movie theatre or bar in Nova Scotia.
A new road safety campaign was launched today,
Feb. 27, with an emphasis on educating young
men about the dangers of this behaviour.
Angus MacIsaac, Minister of Transportation and
Public Works, said male drivers aged 20 to 25
account for a disproportionately high percentage of
drinking and driving casualties in Nova Scotia.
"The campaign is aimed at saving lives and
preventing injuries due to drinking and driving,"
said Mr. MacIsaac. "It will play a part in a larger
strategy to make our province a better place."
Movie theatre advertising was selected because
about 75 per cent of men aged 20 to 25 attend a
movie at least once per month. The campaign will
also reach the target audience in bars and
universities.
The campaign is funded by the departments of
Transportation and Public Works and Health
Promotion and Protection.
"Drinking and driving is dangerous and
irresponsible," said Barry Barnet, Minister of
Health Promotion and Protection. "It is my hope
that this campaign will help young men make the
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
99
right decision when it comes to drinking and
driving and decrease the suffering caused by
fatalities and preventable injuries."
Murray Scott, Minister of Justice, said police made
a major contribution to the campaign by providing
time and resources to its development.
"Law enforcement officers are on the front lines in
the fight to stop impaired driving," said Mr. Scott.
"I'd like to thank representatives from the law
enforcement community for their important
contribution to the development of this campaign."
The ads were developed by Halifax-based
Extreme Group. A 37-second ad will play before
movies on 55 movie screens across the province
over the next five weeks. The ad will be shown on
nine video screens at Nova Scotia universities
during the same time period. A poster
advertisement will be placed on 125 mini boards in
bars across the province.
Mr. MacIsaac said this is the first phase of a
campaign to create increased awareness about
the dangers of drinking and driving, and other
important road safety issues.
The campaign ads can be seen on the Department
of Transportation and Public Works website at
www.gov.ns.ca/tran
PA YEOMAN MARINE SERVICES
Containers Sold For Storage & Shipping
Maritime Delivery On Arrangement
269 HIGHWAY 214 #10, ELMSDALE
890 Old Sambro Rd.
883-7827
(subs)
425-2225
P.O. Box 159, 151 FOSTER Street,
Berwick, Nova Scotia
Canada B0P 1E0
• Small Options • Supervised Apartments • In-Home Support
Allan Cooke
(902) 538-8045
106 Reserve Street, Suite 111
Glace Bay, Nova Scotia B1A 4W5
WINCHESTER DISPOSAL SERVICE
intertape polymer group
157 CHURCH STREET, LIVERPOOL, N.S.
50 Abbey Ave.
Truro, N.S.
— YEAR-ROUND SEPTIC TANK PUMPING
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— STREET SWEEPING - PARKING LOTS - CATCH BASINS
PHONE
354-5229
GARNET WINCHESTER
Office: (902) 842-9388
Fax: (902) 842-0829
902-895-1686
Is Proud To
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Cell
1-902-350-1842
In Operation
Since 1969
P. O. Box 1057
Halifax, N.S.
(902) 421-1778
HAILEY’S APPLIANCE REPAIRS LTD.
Repairs To All Makes and Models of
Major Domestic Appliances
“Refridgeration A Specialty”
Middleton
825-5525
BILL HAILEY
Dartmouth 466-2217
49 Cannon Crescent 861-3672
Greenwood
765-2267
We also have a party/meeting room
in our Middleton location.
100
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Alcohol and Driving
Alcohol is Alcohol, Don’t Drink and Drive
Nova Scotia’s road safety social marketing campaign is reaching young drivers with a
message about drinking and driving.
It's About Control
Alcohol-induced impairment is the greatest contributing
factor in many motor vehicle fatalities. The basic rule
underlying all safe driving is to keep your vehicle under
control at all times.
Drivers who have consumed alcohol do not have
complete control over themselves, and therefore cannot
be in control of a vehicle. They are a danger to
themselves and others.
What Alcohol Does
Alcohol is not a stimulant. From the first drink it
depresses the central nervous system. The feeling of
stimulation is because the higher functions of the brain,
including social restraints and judgement, are impaired.
When alcohol enters the stomach, it does not have to be
digested. It is absorbed through the walls of the stomach
and the small intestine into the bloodstream which
carries it throughout the body.
In the brain, alcohol first depresses the area of higher
function. Next it attacks the simple motor functions,
reaction time and vision. Balance, co-ordination and
sensory perception are the next faculties to be impaired.
Concentrated drinking will eventually lead to stupor,
coma and even, if continued steadily, death.
The most important factors contributing to alcoholic
impairment are the amount of alcohol absorbed into the
blood and the amount of time allowed for the
elimination of this alcohol. The human body works to
change alcohol into nourishment and/or to pass it out of
the body, but it can only do this at a slow rate. This rate
is affected by such other factors as body weight, the
quantity and type of food in the stomach and the type of
alcoholic beverage consumed.
How the Body Handles Alcohol
The liver breaks down about 90 per cent of the alcohol
a person consumes into usable food. The lungs and
kidneys eliminate most of the remainder.
But these human body processes need time to remove
alcohol from one's system. In terms of usual alcoholic
beverages, it takes more than an hour to eliminate each
340 ml bottle of beer or 40 ml drink or 80 ml of
unfortified wine.
Some people seem to be able to "hold their liquor" better
than others, and this excuse is often used by those who
do not want to believe that a few drinks can seriously
impair driving ability. Because of body weight, fatigue,
emotional condition, or a number of other reasons,
individuals may show differing effects from drinking
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
the same amount of alcohol. However, they may be
equally impaired.
Another danger develops when the alcohol starts to
"wear off". You can easily convince yourself that you no
longer feel the effects and are perfectly sober. This state
of mind is a delusion. You are comparing your peak
feeling of impairment with the declining impairment
that you feel as your body eliminates the alcohol from
the blood. But you are not sober. You are only making a
dangerous comparison.
Fallacies
Most of us have tried them at one time or another -black coffee, cold showers, taking a jog around the
block. But we must recognize them for what they are -ineffective. There is only one thing that can sober a
person: time.
Drugs and/or Medication
While alcohol is the most common cause of driver
impairment, there are other substances, such as illegal
drugs or medications that can create a safety hazard.
Many illegal drugs are extremely dangerous to use,
especially when driving. As well, some medications,
either prescription or over-the-counter drugs, are known
to cause inattention and drowsiness.
Take great care not to drive while taking these drugs.
Examples of Prescription Drugs That May Affect
Driving Skills:
• Analgesics
- Codeine
- Other narcotics
• Antidepressants
- Tricyclic antidepressants
• Antiemetic agents
• Antihistamines
• Antipsychotic drugs
- Haloperidol
- Major tranquillizers
- Phenothiazines (i.e., chlorpromazine)
• Ophthalmic preparations
• Sedatives and anxiolytics
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepines
• Skeletal muscle relaxants
• Other
- Antihypertensive drugs
- Antineoplastic agents
continued...
101
“Canso, Nova Scotia:
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Ph. (902) 366-2525
Fax (902) 366-3093
Halifax Regional Fire & Emergency
D. A. MACGREGOR ELECTRIC LTD.
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and Maintenance
Practice Your
Escape Plan
292 Finlay Dan Rd.,
Thorburn,
Pictou Co., N.S. B0K 1W0
490-5530
Visit our website: www.halifax.ca/Fire
HARRIS
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Guaranteed Quality
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Fax: 893-2933
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Visit Our Home
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PIVOTAL
POWER
451 Pictou Road, Truro
Taylor
Bus.: (902) 922-2586
davemacg@eastlink.ca
& Silver
150 Bluewater Rd.,
Bedford, NS B4B 1G9
82 Aberdeen Road
Bridgewater, NS
B4V 2S6
• • • 835-7268 • • •
902-543-0068
102
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(...Alcohol and Driving continued)
- Chemotherapeutic agents
- Immunosuppressants
- Steroids
(Source: Physician's Guide to Driver Examination)
Alcohol and the Law
Even if you are well below the .08 level of alcohol in the
blood that is accepted as the legal level in law, you can
still be impaired; and the courts recognize this. Being
caught at above .08 per cent blood alcohol in the
bloodstream, in itself, is a criminal offense. But you can
be impaired on one drink and can be charged and
convicted with less than .08 in your bloodstream if you
show other symptoms of impairment.
The average blood alcohol content of convicted
alcohol-involved drivers in Nova Scotia is .16 per cent
-- twice the legal level.
FAILURE OR REFUSAL TO PROVIDE A SAMPLE:
The courts will convict a person who, without a
reasonable excuse, fails or refuses to provide a sample
of their breath or blood to a peace officer.
The Criminal Code of Canada
Under the Criminal Code of Canada a person commits
an offense when operating or in care or control of a
motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol or drugs even
though their blood alcohol level is less than 80
milligrams of alcohol in 100 mL of blood (.08 per cent).
Penalties can include fines, imprisonment, or both, and
a prohibition from driving. Convictions may result in
the loss of insurance, higher insurance rates, and loss of
employment.
If a peace officer has "reasonable and probable
grounds" to suspect the presence of alcohol, the driver
of a vehicle may be demanded to supply a sample of
breath in an approved screening device (ALERT), or to
accompany the peace officer to provide a breath sample
for analysis (Breathalyzer). If the person is unable to
provide a breath sample, the peace officer may demand
a sample of blood be taken by a qualified medical
practitioner for analysis. It is an offense to refuse to
provide these samples.
Penalties in Nova Scotia
Penalties in Nova Scotia for driving while impaired are
outlined below, and all fines and assessment fees must
be paid by the driver. The judge's decision and
sentencing is based upon the specific facts of each case.
Fines and jail terms can also be affected by whether any
deaths, bodily harm or dangerous driving resulted from
the motorist's actions.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
103
1ST OFFENCE:
• a fine of $600 to $2000
• revocation of driving privileges for one year from the
date of conviction (not the date of being charged)
• completion of an Addiction/Drug Dependency
Services assessment program ($366, your cost)
• licence reinstatement fee of $100 (your cost)
• you might also be required to be re-take any and all
of your driver's tests, including written, road, and
vision tests.
2ND OFFENCE, WITHIN A 10-YEAR PERIOD:
• a fine of $600 to $2000
• possible prison term of at least 14 days*
• revocation of driving privileges for three years from
the date of conviction (not the date of being charged)
Services assessment program ($366)
• licence reinstatement fee ($100)
• you must re-take your driver's tests: written, road,
and vision tests.
3RD OFFENCE, WITHIN A 10-YEAR PERIOD:
• a fine of $600 to $2000
• prison term of at least 90 days*
• revocation of driving privileges is indefinite
(minimum of ten years) from the date of conviction
(not the date you were charged)
Services assessment program ($366)
• licence reinstatement fee ($100)
• you must re-take your driver's tests: written, road,
and vision tests.
4TH OFFENCE, WITHIN A 10-YEAR PERIOD:
• permanent revocation in addition to all of the
penalties provided under the Criminal Code of
Canada
* Persons prosecuted by indictment for offences under
Sections 253, 254 of the Criminal Code (Canada) are
liable to receive a prison term of up to five years.
Persons prosecuted by way of summary conviction
under these sections are liable to receive a prison term
of up to six months.
www.gov.ns.ca
Telephone: 506-857-0205
Toll Free: 800-561-7987
Facsimile: 506-853-4444
WILLIAMS BROTHERS LIMITED
689 Edinburgh Drive
Moncton, NB
E1E 2L4
LUMBER DEALERS
FROM TREE – SINCE 1910 – TO QUALITY LUMBER
Service To The Maritimes For Over 80 Years
ERIC WILLIAMS
GARY WILLIAMS
CAMERON WILLIAMS
R.R. 1, BARNEY’S RIVER
TELEPHONE:
PICTOU, N.S.
(902) 924-2570-Office
B0K 1A0
(902) 924-2322-Fax
River Watch is a cooperative program between government and private
citizens. This program educates and trains private citizens to become
River Watch Monitors. River Watch Monitors observe, record, report,
communicate, educate, and monitor watercourses in our environment.
They become guardians of the stream.
If you would like to join River Watch please call The Sackville Rivers
Association at (902) 865- 9238.
Vi’s Restaurant
NEW ROSS
“HOME COOKED MEALS”
FULLY LICENSED • AIR CONDITIONED
P.O. Box 59
Whycocomagh, N.S.
B0E 3M0
Tel.: 756-2338
PO Box 69
Chester Basin, NS B0K 1K0
902.275.3500
Ltd.
Robert & Beatrice
MacLeod
Managers
OPEN ALL YEAR ROUND
Proud to support the Police Association of Nova Scotia.
BEAUMONT GARAGE DOOR CO.
Service, Repair, Installations
Commercial & Residential Overhead Doors & Operators
TEL 902 429-6543 FAX 902 453-0291
PO BOX 33004
HALIFAX, NS B3L 4T6
WWW.PLENUS.CA
BERNIE
(902) 538-7442
104
PO Box 123
Waterville, NS B0P 1V0
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Crime, Punishment and Safety
Making conduct criminal is society's ultimate condemnation. The purpose of criminal law was originally
to punish the perpetrators of serious misdeeds such as assault, robbery, rape and murder.
Canadaʼs prison statistics reflect a rising use of criminal law. Since the mid 1980s, this country ís
incarceration rate has become one of the highest among Western-style democracies, second only to the
US. More and more people are going to jail, but crime rates have been dropping.
There is pressure to use the Criminal Code of Canada as a preventive tool on the premise that criminal
penalties act as a deterrent. The “spanking law” is a recent example. In 2003, the Supreme Court of
Canada upheld a decision by the Ontario Court of Appeal to allow parents to use reasonable force to
discipline children. The appeal court said that no other country in the world has criminalized all forms of
physical punishment by parents.
The push to criminalize unsafe or potentially harmful behaviour raises important public policy issues. Are
criminal penalties a more effective tool than less severe regulatory sanctions to prevent unsafe acts? Is
the public better protected when unsafe behaviour is treated as a criminal offence rather than a
regulatory or administrative matter? Do harsher punishments for unsafe behaviour bring corresponding
improvements in public safety?
Criminal Offences and Regulatory Violations
Under Canadaʼs constitution, the federal government is responsible for criminal law. On the other hand,
provincial and territorial regulations cover many aspects of day-to-day safety. This division of powers is
unique to our country, making international comparisons difficult.
Occupational health and safety has always been regulated by provincial and territorial legislation.
However, in 2003 the federal government stepped in, to make organizations and individuals criminally
liable for harm caused at work. Bill C-45 was a response to the deaths of 26 miners in May 1992 in an
explosion at the Westray Mine in Nova Scotia.
Provincial and territorial highway traffic acts regulate driving violations such as speeding and failure to
stop at a red light. However, impaired driving offences are crimes. In fact, impaired operation of a vehicle
is the single largest category of charges under the Criminal Code of Canada, accounting for 12 per cent
of all criminal offences.
Drivers with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) above 0.08 are subject to criminal penalties because
of the likelihood that they will cause harm. Drinking drivers with BACs below 0.08 are subject to roadside
licence suspensions under most highway traffic acts.
Regulatory and administrative sanctions, such as fines and licence suspensions, protect the public by
providing a swift and certain response. In contrast, criminal justice is a complex process. In cases which
would be straightforward if a regulatory approach were used, a criminal court may not be able to convict.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
105
KENNEL
Boarding
Facilities
S E RV I C E
For DOGS & CATS
Dartmouth
OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK
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895-4488
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Gift Certificates Available
434-0791 299 MAIN STREET, DARTMOUTH
North Bay
Fishermenʼs Co-Op
RR 4. Station Main
Antigonish, NS
902-863-4988
South399Shore
Glass Ltd.
York Street
Bridgewater, NS B4V 3K1
Residential & Commercial
Glazing & Hardware Sales & Service
Phone: (902) 543-6013
Fax: (902) 543-6033
Pro udl y
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For your total security solutions, contact:
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Fax# 902-625-5561
1959 Upper Water St. #1409
Halifax, NS B3J 3N2
902.474.3969
902.474.3958
www.cansup.com
106
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(...Crime, Punishment and Safety continued)
Justifiably, the legal process to charge and convict someone is intricate and costly. Criminal Code
penalties can be imposed only if guilt is proven beyond a doubt, and many safeguards apply to protect
the rights of the accused and to prevent wrongful conviction. (David Milgaard, for example, was
sentenced to life in prison for a murder he did not commit.)
Individuals charged with criminal offences often choose to defend themselves rather than pleading guilty,
due to the devastating personal consequences of a conviction. Even though criminal sanctions are
harsh, the sentence itself is only part of the actual punishment. A criminal record is a lifelong stigma that
brings ongoing restrictions on travel outside Canada and limits job opportunities.
Do Criminal Penalties Prevent Unsafe Acts?
A study in the May 2004 issue of the American Journal of Public Health casts grave doubt on the idea
that criminal sanctions are in fact an effective deterrent. Researchers found no evidence that using
criminal law either decreases or increases use of marijuana. Patterns of use in Amsterdam and San
Francisco were similar, despite very different national drug policies. Highly punitive criminal sanctions in
the US have not resulted in lower use of the drug.
This study has implications for public policy. The idea that criminal penalties deter unsafe behaviour
more effectively than less severe sanctions should be seriously questioned.
Research clearly shows that people are less likely to offend when they believe they will be caught. Most
chronic offenders ó the ones who cause the most harmó do not believe they will be caught. Penalties,
regardless of severity, have little preventive effect unless they are seen to be enforced. Visible
enforcement has a greater impact on safety than simply having tough penalties on the books.
Certainty of punishment has a greater deterrent effect than severity of punishment. Hence, from a
prevention standpoint, the critical factors are enforcement and conviction, rather than the nature of the
penalty itself.
Bill C-45 imposes criminal liability for workplace safety. While this may satisfy a desire to punish those
responsible, the Canada Safety Councilʼs question is, will it prevent workplace casualties? Nova Scotia
made comprehensive changes to its workplace health and safety laws after Westray. In the 12 years
since, no workplace disaster of this magnitude has occurred anywhere in Canada. Lessons were
learned, and action was taken. It will be hard to measure the preventive impact, if any, of criminal law in
comparison with properly enforced regulations.
The Purpose of Sentencing: Punishment or Prevention?
There is little evidence that harsh penalties are the best way to prevent further offences.
In 1998, the Australian state of New South Wales doubled the maximum penalties for most drink-driving
offences. An analysis of the impact of these harsher penalties was released in June 2004. It found that
after the tougher penalties went into effect, there was a slight reduction in recidivism rates for drinking
drivers. However, the changes were not substantial, and no reductions were seen in Sydney, the largest
urban area in the state.
If stricter punishment is the most effective deterrent, offenders who go to jail should be less likely to reoffend when released than those sentenced to the milder penalty of probation. Yet the two groups tend
to re-offend at about the same rates. There is evidence that long prison sentences without other remedial
programs may actually increase the chances of re-offending after release. Very brief incarceration does
appear to reduce recidivism with first-time offenders.
continued...
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
107
PIERCEY INVESTORS LIMITED
Phone: (902) 876-0904
Fax:
(902) 876-5089
Land Developers
Newly Approved Residential Lots
Sheldrake Heights Subdivision, near Timberlea
At Exit 4, Halifax Co., Highway 103
Lot Plans available at
7020 Mumford Road 4th floor, Halifax, N.S. B3L 4S9
Benoit Electric Limited
1268 St. Margaret’s Bay Rd.
Beechville, N.S. B3T 1A7
benoitelectic@astlink.ca
www.benoitelectric.ca
(902) 454-7696
John J. Benoit
President
UPPER SACKVILLE AUTO BODY
Lewis Mackinnon
3125 #1 Hwy.
Upper Sackville, N.S.
B4E 3C5
26 Union Street, Bedford
835-7333 www.wbli.ca
1657 Bedford Row, Suite 1, Halifax
482-2000 4debtrelief.com
902-434-5511
Tel: 864-0144
Fax: 864-1197
Res: 865-9853
100 Main St., Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2X 1R5
Tara
Motel
1583 Brunswick St.
902.420.0555
Toll Free Reservations
1-800-565-4312
Craig McCarron
Manager
917 East River Road
New Glasgow, NS
B2H 3S5
Tel: (902) 752-8458
Fax: (902) 755-5565
Doug Bragg Enterprises Ltd.
Custom blueberry harvesting and
mowing equipment.
112 Bragg Rd., Collingwood Nova Scotia
Canada B0M 1E0
Phone: (902) 686-3355 Fax: (902) 686-3898
E-Mail: info@dbe.ca
Homepage: http://www.dbe.ca
108
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(...Crime, Punishment and Safety continued)
Canadaʼs growing prison population, mounting evidence that jail time does not reduce the chances of reoffending, and other factors have led to increasing use of conditional sentences. While the public tends
to view such sentences as ìsoftî, they allow the judge to tailor the sentence to fit the crime and the
individual. A recent study found that offenders preferred house arrest but found it no easier than closed
custody. Conditional sentences can establish an environment for positive behaviour change.
Some want to eliminate conditional sentences for impaired driving causing death or serious injury, in
favour of jail time. This demand may be driven by a sense of justice based on punishing offenders for
the devastation they have caused. However, if the primary objective is to prevent them from continuing
to drink and drive after their sentence has been completed, house arrest offers more potential.
Conditions can be set, for example, to address drinking problems, limit the people with whom the
offender can associate, and ensure the licence suspension is observed. If an offender can be
rehabilitated, conditional sentencing makes sense from a safety standpoint.
Judges determine the right balance of punishment and prevention within limits set by the law. Legislators
therefore must allow sanctions to address risk factors which led to the offence in the first place, such as
alcohol dependency, relationships and attitude. For crimes related to impaired driving, removing
sentencing options could compromise public safety.
Put Safety First
Prior to the June 2004 federal election, the justice minister introduced criminal legislation to deal with
drivers impaired by drugs. However, drug-impaired driving is a very complicated issue.
Defensible criminal impairment levels have not been established for substances other than alcohol. To
complicate the matter, some drugs, such as cannabis, can be detected in the body long after their effect
has worn off. If and when criminal impairment levels can be set, tools will have to be approved to
measure those levels, and police trained to use those tools.
Criminal legislation is premature. Yet immediate action is needed to protect the public. The Canada
Safety Council has urged provincial and territorial governments to consider imposing administrative
licence suspensions when police have reason to believe a driverís ability is being adversely affected by
any drug, legal or illegal. Highway traffic acts could easily incorporate such a measure to take drugged
drivers off the road in the interest of public safety.
Prevention is a more challenging goal than punishment. Yet in the long term, it is far more cost effective.
Regulatory approaches often provide the most effective tools to prevent unsafe behaviour, provided the
measures are well-enforced and supported by public education. To achieve some safety outcomes,
legislation may not be needed at all; for example, increased public awareness may lead to the desired
outcome. Where there is malicious intent or wanton disregard for safety, criminal law is appropriate.
Positive change is achieved by approaches that apply human psychology to an objective analysis of the
problem - not by laws based on fear, retribution or political expediency.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
109
Dealers in Lobster
St. Anne Community &
Nursing Care Centre
745-2801
902.226.2826
ISLAND FRESH SEAFOOD
Don Ross
Clarks Harbour, NS
Arichat, NS
B0E 1A0
(902) 564-8100
(902) 564-8300
(902) 564-8400
Fax: (902) 567-0605
Congratulations to the Police Association
of Nova Scotia with Their Efforts to
Assist the Community in Crime Prevention
PERRY’S AUTO BODY
“Complete Collision Repair”
POLLETT DRUG STORES LTD.
Complete Line Home Health Care
Reg Bonner & Mary Muise
FREE DELIVERY
24 Hour
Emergency Service
FIVE
93 Harris Rd. P.O. Box 126, Pictou, NS B0K 1H0
Phone: (902) 485-6348 Fax: (902) 485-1065
203 CHARLOTTE STREET
SYDNEY, NS B1P 6R8
5
STAR
Thanks
for all the hard work towards keeping
the kids safe in Nova Scotia
on behalf of
ROOFING & MASONRY
FIVE S TAR S ERVICE
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Cell: 499-6857
FREE
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ESTIMATES
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Community
Guide
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Drugs and the Older Driver
No matter what your age, being able to drive means independence. This independence comes with the
responsibility to drive safely.
"If you've driven for most of your life, you'll want to keep driving as long as possible," says Emile Therien,
president of the Canada Safety Council. He points out that drivers over 80 are the fastest-growing
segment of the driving population. However, based on kilometres driven, older drivers have more
collisions than any other age group.
Can seniors be safe drivers? Definitely yes, maintains Therien, if they recognize age-related changes
and adapt to them.
"Older drivers are also very likely to be taking several medications, some of which may affect driving
skills," he continues. "To be a safe driver, you need to use your medication correctly and know how it can
affect your ability to drive."
According to the Canada Safety Council, the main factors in collisions involving older drivers are slow
response, not seeing a sign, car, or pedestrian, and interaction with other drivers. Medications can make
a driver more susceptible to any of these factors - and Canadians over age 65 take an average of nine
medications daily, including prescription, over-the-counter and herbal.1
How Medications Affect Driving
Medication can have a positive or negative effect on driving ability. Some people, such as epileptics, may
not be able to drive at all without medication. An older driver with untreated depression is at high risk due
to decreased concentration and slower decision making. However, treatment may also carry a risk - 10
milligrams of ValiumÆ (an anti-anxiety medication) can produce more driving impairment than a blood
alcohol concentration of 0.10; the Criminal Code limit in Canada is 0.08.
Physicians prescribe benzodiazepines, to combat anxiety and insomnia among seniors. They can have
side effects such as drowsiness, impaired motor function and confusion. A Montreal study of more than
224,000 drivers aged from 67 to 84 found that those on a long-acting form of benzodiazepine had
45 per cent more injury-related collisions.2
Drugs that slow you down also reduce your ability to make decisions and process information rapidly.
Seniors taking painkillers which contain codeine or propoxyphene may experience sedation and mild
impairment. Even over-the-counter drugs can reduce driving ability. Antihistamines can cause
drowsiness and poor concentration. Tranquilizers or cold remedies, such as cold tablets, cough syrup,
and sleeping pills, can reduce driving ability. Most seniors do not discuss their over-the-counter drugs
with their doctor.
Combinations of drugs can produce unexpected side effects and bad reactions. If you have more than
one doctor prescribing medications without knowing what the others are prescribing, or if your doctor
does not know about the over-the-counter drugs you are taking, you could be in
danger.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
111
KELLYS LIMITED
Fine Luggage, Hand Bags
Leather Gifts
Halifax Shopping Ctr.
454-8654
Tel 902.564.6466 ext.2690
Fax 902.539.9954
Toll Free 1800.617.6466
Mic Mac Mall
463-0184
107 Membertou Street•Membertou•Nova Scotia•Canada•B1S 2M9
Email joanpaul@membertou.ca
w w w. m e m b e r t o u . c a
2021 Brunswick St. Suite 300, Trade Mart Bldg., Halifax N.S. B3K 2Y5
Ph: 423-6938 Fax: 423-6992 - Repairs
Eagleʼs Nest Recovery House
.UNITED ASSOCIATION
P.O. Box 263, Shubenacadie
Nova Scotia B0N 2H0
Telephone: (902) 758-4277
or (902) 758-2776
Fax Number: (902) 758-4229
E-mail: nest@cnova.net
www.eaglesnestrecovery.ca
Director - Bernard Knockwood
OF JOURNEYMEN AND APPRENTICES OF THE PLUMBING AND
PIPE FITTING INDUSTRY OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Local 56
TEL. (902) 466-9920
FAX: (902) 466-2368
30 NEPTUNE CRES.
WOODSIDE INDUSTRIAL PARK
DARTMOUTH, N.S. B2Y 4R8
Good Chinese food
Fully Licensed. Take out and Delivery.
Open 7 days a week
6420 Bayers Rd., Hfx. 455-5479
CONGRATULATIONS TO PANS IN
CELEBRATING 38 YEARS IN SERVICE
TO OUR MARITIME COMMUNITIES
20 MacDonald Avenue, Burnside Industrial Park
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B3B 1C5
t: 468.8040 f: 468.4839
www.stevensgroup.ca
41 Thornhill Dr. Dartmouth Tel: 902 468-7520
WATERBURY NEWTON
469 Main Street
Kentville, NS
P.O. Box 98
B4N 3V9
Tel: (902) 678-3257
Fax: (902) 678-7727
Full service law firm
www.wnns.ca
188 Commercial St.
Berwick, NS
P.O. Box
B0P 1E0
Tel: (902) 538-3168
Fax: (902) 538-8680
Jeff Newton
Keddy Aggregate Operation
Site Manager
Keddy Aggregate
General Delivery, Coldbrook
Kings Co. N.S. B4R 1B6
e-mail:
jnewton@shawresources.ca
Kentville office Toll free 1-877-559-8585
112
Ph: (902) 679-6604
Ph: (902) 679-6606
Fax: (902) 679-6679
A MEMBER OF THE SHAW GROUP LIMITED
OF
N OVA S COTIA
(...Drugs and the Older Driver continued)
Alcohol has a powerful impact on the body, physically and psychologically. With age, tolerance for
alcohol decreases steadily, and the body processes it less efficiently. Combining alcohol with
medications is risky whether or not you are behind the wheel. For instance, it can lead to falls. The only
safe practice is to avoid alcohol completely if there is any chance that you will have to drive.
Impaired driving, whether due to medications, alcohol or a combination, is not only dangerous and
socially unacceptable. It is also a criminal offence.
Tips for Older Drivers on Medications
Driving is a complicated task, so don't let yourself be impaired by any kind of medication, including overthe-counter drugs and herbal or alternative remedies.
• Take all medications according to the instructions.
• Ask your doctor or pharmacist about the effects of prescribed medications on driving, and
whether even a small amount of alcohol will increase the effect.
• Make sure the combination of your medications does not impair your driving skills. If you have
more than one doctor, make sure all of them know everything you are taking.
• Never mix medications, share them with another person, or take them in combination with
alcohol.
• If the label says "Do not use while operating heavy machinery" let someone else drive. With
some medications, you may not be able to drive at all. If in doubt, choose not to drive
• Take a driver improvement course, such as the Canada Safety Council's 55 Alive. Aging brings
changes in hearing, vision, flexibility and reaction time. You can learn to compensate for those
changes.
Some Medication Effects For The Older Driver
Older drivers need to know how prescription medicines and over-the-counter drugs can affect their
driving ability. Here are some examples.
Medical Condition
Type Of Medication
Arthritis and rheumatism
Analgesics (pain relievers)
Drowsiness, inability to
concentrate, ringing in ears
Fatigue
Stimulants
Overexcitability, false sense of
alertness, dizziness
Antihypertensives
(blood pressure drugs)
Drowsiness, blurred vision,
dizziness
Anxiety
Common cold
Heart Arrhythmia
Hypertension
Sedatives
Antihistamines, Antitussive
(cough suppressants)
Antiarrhythmics
Potential Effects
Drowsiness, staggering,
blurred vision
Drowsiness, blurred vision,
dizziness
Blurred vision, dizziness
1. Prescriptions for Health: Report of the Pharmaceutical Inquiry of Ontario, (The Lowy Commission Report), Toronto, 1990.
2. Benzodiazepine Use and Crash Risk in Older Patients by Samy Suissa, Ph.D., of McGill University and Montreal's Royal
Victoria Hospital. JAMA . 1998 279: 113-115.
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
113
Sandy & Sons
Fisheries Ltd.
Box 43 Port Mouton
Queens Co., N.S. Canada BOT 1T0
Ph: 902-683-2781
Fax: 902-683-2420
Greenwood
Petro-Canada
From A
Friend
PO Box 1749
Greenwood, NS
B0P 1N0
902.765.8111
Professional Listings
A D E METRO MIDTOWN TAXI LTD.
138 ARCHIMEDES ST
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-5451
ATLANTIC WHOLESALERS
120 EILEEN STUBBS
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-8866
BOB CAMERON
RR #7
ANTIGONISH
(902) 863-2061
ALDERWOOD REST HOME
PO BOX 218
BADDECK
(902) 295-2644
ATLAS COLD STORAGE
20 PETTIPAS DR
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-4622
C EDWIN SPERRY ELECTRICAL LIMITED
RR #1
PETITE RIVIERE
(902) 688-2175
ALTUS GROUP
1969 UPPER WATER ST STE 901
HALIFAX
(902) 420-8880
ATLAS COLD STORAGE
20 PETTIPAS DR
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-4622
CAMPBELL & MACKEEN BARRISTER & SOLICITORS
PO BOX 200
GUYSBOROUGH
(902) 533-2644
ANGELIKA WELLER AND DR A. MOMIN KHALIFA
2085 HILLSIDE BOULARDERIE RD
HILLSIDE BOULARDERIE
(902) 736-1521
AVON VIEW HIGH SCHOOL
PO BOX 700
WINDSOR
(902) 792-6740
CANADIAN SALT CO. LTD.
P.O. BOX 160
PUGWASH
(902) 243-2511
ANGUS H W FUNERAL HOME LTD.
256 KING ST.
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-2545
B CLEAN MOBILE WASH LTD.
100 SPIDER LAKE RD
WAVERLEY
(902) 435-6323
CANADIAN TIRE
699 WESTVILLE RD
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-4125
APPLE AUTO GLASS
41- A ILSLEY AVE.
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-8201
BAYERS LAKE LAW OFFICE
102 CHAIN LAKE DR
HALIFAX
(902) 405-3040
CARE CHOICES STRAIGHT FROM THE HEART INC.
PO BOX 183 STN MAIN
BRIDGEWATER
(902) 527-1622
ATIK UPHOLSTERY
287 MAIN ST
DARTMOUTH
(902) 469-9679
BIRCHWOOD CAMPGROUNDS & CABINS
HIGHWAY 376
PICTOU
(902) 485-8565
CENTURY HYUNDAI
138 MAIN ST.
TRURO
(902) 895-1900
114
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CLANSMAN MOTEL LTD.
PO BOX 216
NORTH SYDNEY
(902) 794-7226
FERGUSON’S PHARMACY LTD.
35 STIRLING ROAD
GLACE BAY
(902) 849-0500
H & R MUSIC LTD.
115 MACLEAN ST., BRIDGEVIEW SQ.
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-8717
COBEQUID RUST CHECK LTD.
123 COBEQUID RD
LOWER SACKVILLE
(902) 830-7950
FIRST RATE MACHINING
31 RADDALL AVE., UNIT 3
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-1073
HALIFAX WEST HIGH SCHOOL
283 THOMAS RIDDALL DR
HALIFAX
(902) 457-8900
COLBOURNES SPORTS & TROPHIES
190 GREY ST
SYDNEY
(902) 539-4874
FIRST STUDENT CANADA LTD
PO BOX 124
WATERVILLE
(902) 679-1418
HAROLD’S SERVICE CTR
RR#1 SIMS SETTLEMENT
HUBBARDS
(902) 857-9604
COLE B DR SURG
C/O ABERDEEN HOSP
835 EAST RIVER RD., NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-6534
FLYER SERVICES LTD.
21 CHIPMAN DR
KENTVILLE
(902) 678-9217
HODGSON’S CHIPPING LTD.
1429 PICTOU RD. RR#2
TRURO
(902) 895-4579
CONCERTIA TECHNOLOGIES INC.
1869 UPPER WATER ST 1ST FLOOR
HALIFAX
(902) 491-4496
FORTIS PROPERTIES CORP.
1505 BARRINGTON ST., SUITE 1201
HALIFAX
(902) 429-3210
HOWARD LITTLE EXCAVATING LTD.
CAMBRIDGE STATION
(902) 538-3275
CREATIVE SUNROOMS OF NS LTD.
63 MCQUADE LAKE CRES
HALIFAX
(902) 455-7866
GALANTE'S EUROPEAN HAIR DESIGN
114 WOODLAWN RD #4
DARTMOUTH
(902) 434-7123
HUBTOWN CRANE SERVICE LTD.
716 TRURO HEIGHTS ROAD, R R #1
TRURO
(902) 893-7715
CROWELL DENTURE CLINIC
114 WOODLAWN RD.
DARTMOUTH
(902) 435-9905
GLASGOW PUB BEVERAGE ROOM
300 STEWART ST
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 755-9788
HYDROSTONE AUTO
5684 WEST STREET
HALIFAX
(902) 454-9773
DR. MICHAEL GALLIVAN
65 MINTO
GLACE BAY
(902) 849-0300
GLEN HAVEN MANOR
739 EASTRIVER RD
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-2588
ISNER’S STABLES
1060 OLD SAMBRO RD
HALIFAX
(902) 430-5731
DUPUIS AUTO SRV. & SALES
272 WINDMILL ROAD
DARTMOUTH
(902) 461-2818
GLENHOLME TRANSPORT
BOX 273
DEBERT
(902) 662-3828
J J BARRINGTON LTD.
137 KINGS RD
SYDNEY
(902) 564-8150
DYNASTY PLAZA
381 ALEXANDER
SYDNEY
(902) 539-8770
GOLDEN DAWN FARMS AUTOMOTIVE
RR #1
LAHAVE
(902) 688-2960
JARDINE'S TAXI LTD
67 PLEASANT ST
NORTH SYDNEY
(902) 794-2414
EUROWERKS BY BURT PAGE
3470 KEMPT. RD
HALIFAX
(902) 453-9310
GOW’S HOME HARDWARE LIMITED
450 LAHAVE ST., EASTSIDE PLAZA
BRIDGEWATER
(902) 543-7121
JOHN HOWARD SOCIETY
PO BOX 889
WESTVILLE
(902) 396-1999
EVANGELINE EXCAVATING
BOX 179
HANTSPORT
(902) 542-5577
GUARANTEED SIDING
BOX 6, SITE 2
LOWER L’ARDOISE
(902) 587-2895
JOUDREY’S AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE
415 DUFFERIN
BRIDGEWATER
(902) 543-7684
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KENWORTH NOVA SCOTIA
35 MACGREGOR
NEW GLASGOW
(902) 752-5502
PAUL HASHEM SCRAPYARD 2002 LTD.
81 BROOKLAND ST
SYDNEY
(902) 564-6346
SYDNEY VIDEO
55 TOWNSEND ST.
SYDNEY
(902) 539-3334
LAWRENCE SARTY GARAGE
4528 GRANVILLE ROAD
GRANVILLE FERRY
(902) 532-2988
PIPER’S PUB
33 COLLEGE STREET
ANTIGONISH
(902) 863-2590
THE ECONOMICAL INSURANCE GROUP
200 WATERFRONT DR., SUITE 300
BEDFORD
(902) 835-6214
LIGHTHOUSE TRANSPORT CO.
150 WRIGHT AVE.
DARTMOUTH
(902) 468-3696
RAYWORTH & ROBERTS SURVEYS LTD.
73 SPRING STREET
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(902) 667-9254
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1326 LOWER WATER ST #604
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78 OLD BLUE ROCKS RD
LUNENBURG
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S. G. TRASK & SONS LTD. WELL DRILLING
RR #1, SITE 2, COMP. 33
CAMBRIDGE STATION
(902) 538-3761
TIM HORTONS PICTOU COUNTY
687 EAST RIVER RD.
NEW GLASGOW
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MACK RESTAURANT EQUIPMENT LTD.
STELLARTON
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SAF-WAY AUTO PARTS LTD.
361 GEORGE STREET
SYDNEY
(902) 539-9970
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902 SIBLEY RD
MIDDLE MUSQUODOBOIT
(902) 384-3170
MARSHALL SMITH CONTRACTING
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NEW GLASGOW
(902) 923-2276
SALMAC DEVELOPMENTS INC
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NEWPORT
(902) 497-5233
URBAN ORANGE
6265 QUINPOOL RD
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(902) 444-4867
MAXWELL'S PLUM ENGLISH PUB
1600 GRAFTON ST
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(902) 423-5090
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1600 BEDFORD HWY SUITE 421
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(902) 431-1040
VALLEY STOVE & CYCLE LTD.
360 MAIN ST SUITE 20
WOLFVILLE
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MAXWELL'S SERVICE CTR
277 LOWER TRURO RD
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(902) 895-7444
SEA CREST FISHERIES LTD.
P.O. BOX 94
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VEN REZ PRODUCTS LTD.
PO BOX 399, 380 SANDY POINT RD
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MECO CONSTRUCTION/DISASTER KLEAN UP
189 UNION ST
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(902) 849-0617
SENTINEL SECURITY SERVICES
450 LAHAVE ST SUITE 207
BRIDGEWATER
(902) 527-8727
W J DOOLEY FUNERAL SRV. LTD.
107 PLEASANT ST
NORTH SYDNEY
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MOORE MANUFACTURING
NEW GERMANY
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P.O. BOX 247
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PO BOX 165
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PO BOX 100
NEW ROSS
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STAIRS DIESEL SUPPLY LTD.
12 WADDELL AVE
DARTMOUTH
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GENERAL DELIVERY
CARLETON
(902) 761-2734
ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORT MEDICINE
5595 FENWICK ST #311
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ADVENT ART INC
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CHILDREN'S CORNER DAY CARE CTR
DARTMOUTH (902) 462-7200
DECOSTE KITCHENS
KINGSTON (902) 765-2466
CALVIN MACDONALD FORMING
RIVER DENYS (902) 756-3298
CHRIS SCOTT AUTOMOTIVE
MIDDLE SACKVILLE (902) 865-2043
DEMINGS CONSULTING
SPRINGHILL (902) 597-8118
CDN INFORMATICS CONSULTANTS LTD
HALIFAX (902) 405-3120
CHRISTINE’S TAILOR SHOP
DARTMOUTH (902) 469-2861
DESLAURIERS DISTRIBUTORS
HAVRE BOUCHER (902) 234-2921
CAPE BRETON BOAT YARD LTD.
BADDECK (902) 295-2664
CITY DRUG STORE LTD.
YARMOUTH (902) 742-3579
DEVEAU INSURANCE 1964 LTD / J H
METEGHAN (902) 645-2413
CAR QUEST
MIDDLETON (902) 825-1653
CLARE MACHINE WORKS LTD.
METEGHAN CTR DIGBY CO (902) 645-2216
DISCO TIRE LTD.
SYDNEY (902) 539-4070
CAR QUEST AUTO PARTS
CLEARLY COMPUTERS
HALIFAX (902) 430-7656
DOOLY'S BILLIARD ROOM
AMHERST (902) 661-4028
CARL’S STORE
TUSKET (902) 648-2212
COFFILL’S AUTO REPAIR LTD
CANNING (902) 582-3375
DOOLY'S BILLIARD ROOM
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-4212
CARQUEST HALIFAX
HALIFAX (902) 493-8344
CONTRAST ENGINEERING
BEDFORD (902) 835-2175
DOWN EAST STARTER & ALTERNATOR SER.
EAST CHEZZETCOOK (902) 827-4500
CATCH A CAB
HALIFAX (902) 405-2020
CO-OPERATORS PAUL K. MCPHEE INSURANCE LTD.
GLACE BAY (902) 849-4547
DREWAN ENGINEERING LTD
HALIFAX (902) 876-8378
CENTENNIAL PHARMACY
KENTVILLE (902) 678-2799
CUMBERLAND HONDA
AMHERST (902) 667-3844
DURON ATLANTIC LTD
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-6671
CENTRAL CABS
NEW GLASGOW (902) 755-6074
CUMBERLAND JOINT SERV MGMT. AUTHORITY
AMHERST (902) 667-5141
E.Y.E. MARINE CONSULTANTS
DARTMOUTH (902) 463-8940
CHAPMAN'S UPHOLSTERY
STEWIACKE (902) 639-1710
CUREGGIO GENERAL CONST LTD
WALLACE (902) 243-2243
EARTH CRAFT LANDSCAPE LTD.
BEDFORD (902) 835-0505
CHARLIE’S MUSIC STORE
CHETICAMP (902) 224-3782
D & E ENERGY CONSERVERS
TRURO (902) 895-5567
EAST COAST SHUTTLE
NORTH SYDNEY (902) 794-1512
CHASE’S LOBSTER LTD.
PORT HOWE (902) 243-2408
D & G CONSTRUCTION
WESTVILLE (902) 396-4513
EASTERN PASSAGE VILLAGE VET. CLINIC
DARTMOUTH (902) 463-7785
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
119
Booster Boxes
EBM TRUCK
LOWER SACKVILLE (902) 864-5167
GLADYS M MANNING RETIREMENT
WINDSOR (902) 798-2392
JACK BOUTILIER'S J & E AUTO SALES
DARTMOUTH (902) 482-0200
ED STEWART WELL DRILLING LTD
THORBURN (902) 922-2280
GLENHOLME PETRO-CANADA SVC CTR
DEBERT (902) 662-2806
JADE PALACE RESTAURANT
SPRINGHILL (902) 597-3009
EMPLOYMENT SOLUTIONS SOCIETY
GREENWOOD PHYSIOTHERAPY
GREENWOOD (902) 765-3034
JASON MULLEN MINK RANCH
WEYMOUTH (902) 837-4180
ENGINE ROOM
TRURO (902) 895-5151
GREYBEARD’S BED
LUNENBURG (902) 634-9696
KAIZER SERVICE STN.
NEW ROSS (902) 275-2544
ERIC GRIFFIN AGRI. EQUIP. LTD.
KENTVILLE (902) 679-1910
H J S CONSULTANTS LTD.
KAREN’S RECYCLING LTD.
DARTMOUTH (902) 435-7811
ESTATE JEWELERY & PAWNBROKERS
TRURO (902) 893-1090
H. REEVES SALVAGE YARD
CAMBRIDGE STATION (902) 538-3919
KAREN’S UNISEX BEAUTY SALON
WESTVILLE (902) 396-3636
ETOL CORP INC.
HALIFAX (902) 442-0123
HALIFAX STUDENT HOUSING
HALIFAX (902) 494-6888
KELTIC HAIR KREATIONS
SYDNEY (902) 564-2076
EVELINAS RAPPIE PIE
SAULNIERVILLE (902) 769-0702
HALL OF FRAME/SECORD GALLERY
HALIFAX (902) 423-6644
KEMPTON APPRAISALS
EXCELLULAR COMMUNICATIONS
DARTMOUTH (902) 469-5892
HANK’S VARIETY STORE
LIVERPOOL (902) 354-2260
KENT MACDOUGALL INC.
NEW GLASGOW (902) 755-1356
FAIRLANES
HALIFAX (902) 455-5446
HAPPY HOLLOW PRESCHOOL
HALIFAX (902) 455-8268
KOZY KORNER FLOWER SHOP
BERWICK (902) 538-8600
FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH HALIFAX
HALIFAX (902) 422-5203
HARRIS REBAR
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-2526
KVM CONSULTANTS LTD.
SACKVILLE (902) 864-3788
FOUR SEASONS RETREAT (YEAR ROUND COTTAGES)
ECONOMY (902) 647-2628
HEALING OUR NATIONS
DARTMOUTH (902) 492-4255
L & E MCGRATH CONTRACTING
ASPEN (902) 833-2343
FOYER PERE FISET
CHETICAMP (902) 224-2087
HEBBVILLE RADIATOR SERVICE
L. M. COMPUTERS
NEW GLASGOW (902) 928-0189
FRENCHY’S USED CLOTHING
COLDBROOK (902) 679-3553
HIGHFIELD VIDEO & VARIETY
DARTMOUTH (902) 466-4800
L. MASON MATTATALL CONSTRUCTION
GREENFIELD (902) 893-9627
FUNDY COMPOST INCORPORATED
BROOKFIELD (902) 673-3020
HORYL'S SUPERIOR SAUSAGE CO. LTD.
NEW WATERFORD (902) 862-7177
L. BOUDRO FISHERIES LTD
ARMOUTH (902) 742-8035
FUNDY TRAINING GROUP
TRURO (902) 897-4703
HOUSEWIDE CLEANING
MIDDLETON (902) 765-2090
LAKEVILLE GENERAL STORE
LAKEVILLE (902) 678-4446
FUSION YOUTH MINISTRIES/TRENTON YOUTH CTR
NEW GLASGOW (902) 755-1500
I C S MOBILE WASH LTD.
WAVERLEY (902) 456-0137
LANGLEY ACCOUNTING LTD.
TRURO (902) 895-7312
G. E. COLLINS & SONS LTD.
AMHERST (902) 546-2003
IMPACT AUTO AUCTIONS
ENFIELD (902) 873-3933
LEGAL EXPRESS COURIER
DARTMOUTH (902) 434-2600
GARDEN VIEW BED & BREAKFAST
HALIFAX (902) 423-2943
INDUSTRIAL SAFETY WORLD INC
NEW GLASGOW (902) 755-2060
LES CARABIN
SYDNEY (902) 564-9080
GERALD W. DELONG CONST. & TRUCKING
BARSS CORNERS (902) 644-2523
ISLAND LOCK & SAFE INC
SYDNEY (902) 567-1277
LITECO
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
120
Booster Boxes
LONDON RUBBER STAMP CO LTD
HALIFAX (902) 423-7602
MEINEKE CAR CARE CENTER
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-7711
NOVA AGRI INC.
CENTREVILLE (902) 582-1445
LOST CREEK GOLF CLUB & VILLAGE
BEAVERBANK (902) 865-4653
MERCATOR GEOLOGICAL SVC LTEE
DARTMOUTH (902) 463-0078
NOVA VETERINARY CLINIC
LOVITT/STONE DENTURE CLINIC
DARTMOUTH (902) 434-1477
MERLIN’S AUTO SALVAGE
WINDSOR (902) 757-3171
O’FARRELL GM
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-8491
LOWER ARGYLE FISHERMAN’S CO OP
GLENWOOD (902) 643-2976
MERLYN CORKUM AUTOBODY & TOWING LTD. 24HR
LUNENBURG (902) 634-4972
OCTANE AUTO SALES
YARMOUTH (902) 742-6401
LOWER MAIN MARKET
OXFORD (902) 447-3490
METCALF & COMPANY BARRISTERS
HALIFAX (902) 420-1990
ORCHARD QUEEN MOTEL & R V PARK
MIDDLETON (902) 825-4801
LYONS BROOK PIPING & WELDING
PICTOU (902) 485-5460
MFI ADVERTISING SPECIALISTS
LAWRENCETOWN (902) 584-2252
PALS GARDEN CENTRE
MULGRAVE (902) 747-2434
M & R ENGINEERING LTD
HALIFAX (902) 422-7393
MILFORD HAVEN NURSING HOME
GUYSBOROUGH (902) 533-2828
PAPA’S PUB & EATERY
PORT HAWKESBURY (902) 625-3270
M. WALTERS & SONS CONTRACTING
LUNENBURG (902) 634-3040
MILLER’S TOWING
SHUBENACADIE (902) 758-4242
PAQTNKEK FIRST NATION
ANTIGONISH COUNTY (902) 386-2781
MACKENZIE SECURITY
YARMOUTH (902) 742-8405
MINAS REALTIES LTD
PORT WILLIAMS, KINGS CO. (902) 798-3157
PARKER’S SATELLITE & TECH SHOP INC
COLDBROOK (902) 678-2280
MACPHEE BRIAN DIESEL SERVICES
SHUBENACADIE (902) 758-1563
MOORE NICKELS & DIMES FOR YOU REC
OXFORD (902) 447-3739
PARKS END AUTO
MAHONE AUTO SERVICE (1985) LTD.
BLOCKHOUSE (902) 624-8315
MRS. P’S HOMESTYLE BAKERY
HALIFAX, (902) 479-1293
PAT BOUDREAU SERVICE CENTRE
CHETICAMP (902) 224-2200
MANSOUR’S LTD.
AMHERST (902) 667-8577
MULLINS RITE STOP
ALBERT BRIDGE (902) 562-1070
PATTI’S KITCHEN & BATH DESIGN
HALIFAX (902) 455-3445
MAPLE HILL MANOR
NEIL’S HARBOUR CO OP
NEILS HARBOUR (902) 336-2827
PEARLES' IN PARADISE TAKE OUT
PARADISE (902) 665-4706
MAPLEWOOD MANOR
NEW WATERFORD HOMEMAKERS SRVS.
PETE’S AUTO SOUND
MARITIME BATTERY
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-8488
NICHOLS KWIK WAY
KENTVILLE (902) 679-3505
PETER'S AUTO CLINIC
NEW MINAS, (902) 681-0068
MARITIME TRANSLATION
HALIFAX (902) 420-9158
NORTH END GENERAL STORE
SYDNEY (902) 539-6030
PETRO CANADA
DARTMOUTH (902) 462-1823
MARK LIVELY WELDING LIMITED
NORTHERN CONTRACTING LTD
SYDNEY MINES (902) 565-8321
PHOENIX AGRITECH (CANADA) LTD
TRURO (902) 662-2444
MARY’S PLACE CAFE
HALIFAX (902) 454-2558
NORTHSIDE HOMEMAKERS SERV. SOCIETY
SYDNEY MINES (902) 736-2701
PINCHIN LEBLANC ENVIRONMENTAL LTD
DARTMOUTH (902) 461-9999
MATTATALL-VARNER FUNERAL HOME
TRURO (902) 893-3177
NORTHUMBERLAND SILO INC.
TRURO (902) 662-3772
PLEASANT REST HOME
MAURICE LEBLANC ASSURANCE
NORVAL S. HIGGINS NS LAND SURVEYOR
WOLFVILLE (902) 542-9621
POLYSTEEL ATLANTIC LTD
EDWARDSVILLE (902) 562-8889
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
121
Booster Boxes
PORT HAWKESBURY NURSING HOME
PORT HAWKESBURY (902) 625-1460
RIVERSIDE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
ALBERT BRIDGE (902) 563-4535
STELLA MARIS PARISH
CREIGNISH (902) 625-2919
PRESIDENTIAL VENTILATION
BEDFORD (902) 832-1067
RIVERVIEW HOME CORP
STEPHEN KENNEDY’S BAILIFF SRVS
HALIFAX (902) 456-1222
PRICE COBBLESTONE 2007
CHESTER (902) 275-5780
ROACH PERRY ANDERSON
SYDNEY (902) 539-1870
STEWIACKE HARDWARE & SUPPLIES
STEWIACKE (902) 639-2347
PRIVATEER SECURITY HARDWARE
LIVERPOOL (902) 350-0409
ROBERT ARCHIBALD GEN. CONTRACTING LTD.
STUDIO 63
GLACE BAY (902) 849-1021
PROCOPIO & SONS MASONRY LTD.
SYDNEY (902) 564-6103
RON BAKER & SON
RIVER HEBERT (902) 251-2712
SULLIVAN FUELS LTD
SYDNEY (902) 564-8213
PROSPECT AUTO BODY
WHITE’S LAKE (902) 852-4999
ROYAL BANK
DARTMOUTH (902) 421-8842
SWISS CHALET ROTISSERIE & GRILL
PURDY RESOURCES LTD.
COLLINGWOOD CORNER (902) 686-3322
ROYALE PRINT AND PACKAGING
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-2030
SYDNEY HARBOUR FORTIFICATION SOCIETY
R B PAVING CO. LTD.
WILMOT STATION (902) 825-6550
RUSSELL ELECTRIC
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-8405
T N T RECYCLING DEPOT
SHUBENACADIE EAST (902) 758-2708
R H PORTER FUNERAL HOMES LTD
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-4122
SAMSON’S PLUMBING & HEATING
PETIT DEGRAT (902) 226-2776
TARANTULA AUTO REPAIR
KINGSTON (902) 765-3901
R. A. GOLLAN INSURANCE SERVICE
WINDSOR (902) 798-3287
SANSOM EQUIPMENT LTD
TRURO (902) 895-2885
TARGET MAZDA
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-0442
RAVEN ARCHERY
KENTVILLE (902) 678-2601
SAULNIERVILLE PHARMACY LTD
TAX 2000
RAY MACDONALD INSURANCE AGENCY LTD.
TRURO (902) 895-1568
SCOTIA TECH FLUID SERVICES LTD.
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-2777
TELEGRAPH HOUSE & MOTEL
BADDECK (902) 295-1100
REMAX BANNER REAL ESTATE
MIDDLETON (902) 825-4679
SEAWINDS MOTEL
DIGBY (902) 245-2573
THE ART FLO SHOPPE CUSTOM FRAMING
KENTVILLE (902) 679-1420
REMAX FAIRLANE REALTY
TRURO (902) 893-7500
SHAW’S WHOLESALE FISH
GLACE BAY (902) 849-3020
THE THIRD PLACE TRANSITION HOUSE
TRURO (902) 893-4844
RENOVATIONS (CONSULTANT/CONTRACTOR)
TRURO (902) 895-2218
SMITH’S AUTO & SAFETY GLASS
SCOTCH VILLAGE (902) 757-2652
THOMPSON ENGINEERING CO. LTD.
TRURO (902) 893-8455
REYNO FISHERIES
SAMBRO (902) 868-2256
SPARTAN ATHLETIC PRODUCTS
DARTMOUTH (902) 860-1545
TIBBETTS HOME FOR SPECIAL CARE
WILLMOT (902) 765-6614
RGM COMMUNICATION LTD.
CANNING (KINGSPORT) (902) 582-7983
SPECIALTY STEEL INC.
DEBERT (902) 662-3069
TIM HORTONS ANTIGONISH
RICHARD R. STEVENS, CA
DARTMOUTH (902) 434-1700
SPINNEY'S GARAGE
GLENWOOD (902) 643-2831
TIMOTHY R WALKER PHD
HALIFAX (902) 431-4097
RIDGE HILTZ DEV PROGRAM SERV. LTD
YARMOUTH (902) 742-1337
ST PETER'S GLEBE
INGONISH BEACH (902) 285-2015
TIPAC FARMS LTD.
BRIDGETOWN (902) 665-2206
RIGHT WAY FAMILY HAIR SALON
GLACE BAY (902) 849-4500
STANLEY’S CLOTHING LTD.
BARRINGTON PASSAGE (902) 637-3407
TOAD’S CYCLE WORKS LTD.
DARTMOUTH (902) 462-0681
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
122
Booster Boxes
TOMPKINS MEMORIAL SCHOOL
RESERVE MINES (902) 849-3803
UNEEDA CUSTOM FRAMING & SEW
MACHINE SALES & SRV.
TRURO (902) 895-0308
WEBBER LAKESIDE PARK / E & F
JEDDORE OYSTER PONDS (902) 845-2340
TOWN OF TRENTON
TRENTON (902) 752-5311
UNITED DENTAL LAB LTD.
HALIFAX (902) 423-7922
WEBSTER’S TRUCKING & EXCAVATION LTD
TRURO (902) 895-5638
TRADITIONAL TRADING POST STORE
DARTMOUTH (902) 462-8163
VEINOTTE’S HEARTH HOME & LEISURE LTD.
WEST HANTS MIDDLE SCHOOL
NEWPORT (902) 757-4100
TRAKER SYSTEMS LTD.
DARTMOUTH (902) 463-0545
VICTORIA HAVEN NURSING HOME
GLACE BAY (902) 849-4127
WEST NOVA FUELS LTD./GATES PETROLEUM
KINGSTON (902) 765-2769
TRI-LITE ELECTRICAL PLUMBING & HTG LTD
YARMOUTH (902) 742-8292
VOYAGEUR MOTEL
YARMOUTH (902) 742-7157
WETLANDS ENGINEERING & CONST. LTD
PUGWASH (902) 243-2201
TRI COUNTY TOWING
NEW GLASGOW (902) 752-2833
WALTON PUB
WALTON (902) 528-2670
WINDING RIVER FARMS LTD.
STEWIACKE (902) 639-2670
TRI MAR PROMOTIONS
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-2508
WATER & WINE
TRURO (902) 895-2266
WOODYS CRANE RENTALS LTD.
PORT HASTINGS (902) 625-2212
TWIN CITY MANAGEMENT
DARTMOUTH (902) 468-9830
WATER ‘N WINE
NEW GLASGOW (902) 755-9463
YURMAC ELECTRICAL LTD.
SYDNEY RIVER (902) 564-2278
Business Patrons
A & B CONVENIENCE STORE
A & D AUTO SALES
A & J AUTOMOTIVE & MACHINE LTD
A A A TAXI & LIMOUSINE SERVICE
A C CAMPBELL CONTRACTORS LTD.
A F A FOREST PRODUCTS
ARIS
ABE’S FURNITURE LTD.
ACADIAN MOTEL
ACADIAN SEAPLANTS LTD.
ACTION SNOW REMOVALS
ADAMS TRANSPORT LTD.
ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL LUBRICANTS
AFTER WARRANTY AUTOMOTIVE RPR.
AINSLIE VILLAGE TENT & TRAILER PARK
AIRSYS ENGINEERING LTD
ALBIE’S AUTO SALES
ALICE’S PIZZAS
ALL OCCASIONS CELEBRATIONS
ALLEN BRYDEN INSURANCE SERVICE
ALSTAR INSULATION
ANCHORAGE HOUSE & CABINS
ANNA MCNEE
ANNAPOLIS PRIDE ‘N JOY DAYCARE
ANSTRUM’S FRUIT & VEGETABLES
ANTIGONISH INSURANCE AGENCIES LTD
APPLIANCE MARITIME SALES
ARCADIA HAIR DESIGN
ARCHIE’S WELDING INC.
ARMVIEW FOOD SHOP
ARNOLDIN FORM WORK LTD.
ATLANTIC DAY CALENDARS
ATLANTIC DUTCH SHOP
ATLANTIC FIRE EQUIPMENT SALES
ATLANTIC INDUSTRIAL CLEANERS
ATLANTIC INDUSTRIAL MACHINING
ATLANTIC PUMP SHOP
B & F BARRINGTON'S SVC CTR LTD
B & G TAXI 2000
B & R ROOFING LTD.
B F ARCHIBALD CONSTRUCTION LTD
BMO NESBITT BURNS
B. G. RAYMOND WELDING LTD.
B. SHIELDS WOODWORKING & SIGN SHOP
BADDECK TOWING
BALANCED BOOKS ACCOUNTING SRVS
BANK OF NOVA SCOTIA
BARE ESSENTIALS AESTHETICS
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
BARNES INSURANCE AGENCY LTD.
BARRY T. ARTHUR BARR.
BATTIST AUTO SALES
BAY BYE SPORT
BAY SIDE DRIVE IN LTD.
BAY VIEW AUTO PARTS LTD.
BAYSHORE CONTRACTING LTD.
BEARLY’S BAR & GRILL
BEATON & SONS LTD / HUGH
BECK L. J. EXCAVATING LTD.
BEDFORD-SACKVILLE PHYSTHRPY
BENVIE'S TAXI
BERNARD SCHELEW
BERNFIELD KENNELS PET CARE CTR.
BERRYMAN'S AUTO SPECIALTIES
BEST PRINT
BEST VIEW CABINS
BESTWAY TV LTD.
BIANCHINI’S PIZZERIA
BIG BARGAIN AUTO PARTS
BIG POND HOUSEKEEPING COTTAGES
BIG TOP TENT RENTALS
BILL OULTON
BITTER END
BLACK MARKET BOUTIQUE
BLADE LAWN CARE LANDSCAPING
BLANCHARD PLUMBING LTD / R S
BLESSED HOPE BAPTIST CHURCH
BLOM SIGNS
BLUENOSE ELECTRONICS
BLUENOSE MINI MARKET
BOND'S APPLIANCE WORKS
BONE'S BODY & FENDER
BOUDREAU DENTURE CLINIC
BOYD & PICK PSYCHOLOGICAL SERV. INC.
BRAD’S RADIO SHACK
BRAS D’OR AUTO BODY
BRIAN E. MCCONNELL
BRIDGEWATER HEARING AID CTR
BRITE ‘N KLEEN LAUNDROMAT
BROWN’S HOUSEKEEPING SUITES & COTTAGES
BRUCE’S DISTRIBUTORS
BRUCE’S GARAGE
BUHARIWALLA R J DR.
BUTLER’S SCAFFOLDING RENTAL SALES LTD.
BUTLERS SMALL ENGINES & REPAIRS
BYRON’S AUTO SERVICE
C & C FLOORING LTD.
123
C & J R. CONSTRUCTION COMPANY LTD.
C. DIXON FUELS
C.F. ANGEVINE ROOFING/SIDING
CAJUN TRADING COMPANY
CALDER M.G. REPAIR SERVICE
CALVIN’S TV SALES & SERVICE
CAMDEN STABLES
CAMERON MUSIC SALES
CAMPBELL’S FUNERAL HOME
CANADIAN PIONEER ESTATES LTD
CANDLE INN THE WINDOW BED & BREAKFAST
CANTON FAMILY RESTAURANT
CAPE BRETON FENCING LTD.
CAPER CANINE'S SPA & KENNELS
CARMEL LAVIGNE BARRISTER
CAROL’S HAIR STYLING
CASS-ANN COFFEE SHOP
CELTICCUTS TOTAL FAMILY HAIRCARE
CENTRE CONSOLIDATED SCHOOL
CENTURY 21 TRIDENT REALTY LTD
CERTIFIED SALES
CHANDLER & DAVIS
CHARADE GIFTS
CHARLOTTE GOODWIN
CHEBUCTO ELECTRIC LTD
CHESTER BEAUTY SALON
CHETICAMP FLOWER & GIFT SHOP
CHIASSON DANIEL T L BARRISTER
CHRISTA’S QUALITY CUTS HAIR DESIGN
CHRISTOPHER ROBINS LEARNING CTR.
CHURCH STREET SERVICES LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
CIRCLE H. EQUIPMENT LTD.
CLARE FISHERIES LTD.
CLARK MORRIS LTD.
CLAYT’S OFF ROAD & AUTO
CLEARLAND CONTRACTING LTD.
CLYDE PAUL & ASSOCIATES
COADY’S REALTY
COASTAL CONST. & EXCAVATING LTD.
COASTAL POOL & SPAS
COLBOURNE HEBER REV
COLDWELL BANKER DAVID BUTTS
COLDWELL BANKER M B GREEN REALTY
COLLINS MGMT CONSULTING LTD.
COLONIAL SCIENTIFIC LTD
COMPLETE ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS
COMPU-CLONE COMPUTER SOLUTIONS
CONCORD TRAVEL & TOURS
Business Patrons
CONNIE HAWES
CONRAD’S PRO PLUMBING HEATING LTD.
CORBETT / REV J. RAY
COSTELLO CAFE
CRAFTED BY THE SEA
CRANTON COTTAGES
CREIGHTON, SHATFORD, AND DRYSDALE
CRITICAL CARE SERVICES
CROSSROADS HAIR & ESTHETICS
CROWN ADVERTISING SPECIALTIES
CUSTOM MACHINE & TOOL COM. LTD.
CUTTING EDGE APPLIED TECHNOLOGIES
CUTTING LOOSE HAIR DESIGN
CYRIL LOHNES
D & M SPORTSCARDS LTD.
D.H. SHATFORD & SONS LTD
D.J. AVERY ACCOUNTING
D.A. MORRISON AUTO BODY
D.E. BARRY LIGHT METAL WORKS
D’ENTREMONT & BOUDREAU
D’EON PERSONAL COUNSELLING
DALE THOMAS EXCAVATING
DALEY PROGRESS INC
DAN MACKAY CONSTRUCTION
DAN’S ICE CREAM SHOP
DARREN WEAVER
DAVE DOOLITTLE'S SPORTS BAR
DAVES SERVICE STATION LTD.
DAVID BENT DENTAL LAB
DAVID SANFORD
DAVID ZWICKER
DEALS AUTO CLINIC
DECOSTE ENTERTAINMENT CENTRE
DEEBEE DESIGNS
DEL’S HOME HARDWARE
DENIS LOMBARD
DERRICK HAYES ACCOUNTING
DIGBY CONVENIENCE STORE
DINE & DASH DINER
DINO’S 2 FOR 1 PIZZA
DOFSY’S GRILL
DONALD KOSZKULICS EXCAVATING
DONALD ROBERTSON
DONNA AUCOIN
DONNA'S FLOWERS & GIFT BASKET
DOUBLE S INVESTMENTS LTD.
DOUCETTE’S VARIETY STORE LTD.
DOUG WHITE
DOVER CRANE
DOWNEAST CLEANING SERVICES
DR DAVID M. MOORE
DR ELWOOD C. MACMULLIN
DR. A. MUNRO
DR. AL-MANE FAISAL
DR. ALYRE COMEAU
DR. B. D. GROVER
DR. BLAKE A. CREASER
DR. COLIN DAVEY
DR. COLIN DODDS
DR. D. MUSCHENHEIM
DR. ERLAND HENDERSON
DR. FRANK LOVELY
DR. G. ROSS LANGLEY
DR. HUMBERT REINER(RETIRED)
DR. JAMES PERKIN
DR. JODI NICKERSON
DR. KIM MADDISON
DR. LYNNE MOYLES
DR. M. GIVNER
DR. MICHAEL A. DRISCOLL
DR. P.C. HANDFORTH
DR. PETER L. COMSTOCK
DR. PHILLIP J. WELLS
DR. RIA MACKAY
DR. THOMAS P. CORKUM
DR. V. CHENGAPA G C I
DR. WALTER J. AUSSERLEITNER
DR. WILLIAM ADAMS
DRAGON INN RESTAURANT
DUFFY'S AUTO CENTRE
E F R DISPOSAL
EAGLE BEACH CONTRACTORS LTD
EAST LAKE AINSLIE UNITED CHURCH
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ECLIPSE
ED TURBITTS SERVICE CTR. LTD.
EDDY’S VARIETY
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EDUCATIONAL CONSULTING SERVICES
ELEGANCE FROM ELMWOOD BEAUTY SALON
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OF
NOVA SCOTIA
ELIZABETH’S FAMILY HAIR CARE
EMERY SMITH FISHERIES LTD.
ENVIROSPHERE CONSULTANTS LTD.
EPR RESOURCES
ERIC’S ENGINE SHOP
ETALIER SALWA
EUGENE NEWELL & SONS CONSTRUCTION
EUROPEAN PANTRY
EVANGELINE CHILD CARE CENTRE
EVANGELINE PLUMBING & HEATING
FEATHERED EDGE UNISEX / THE
FELTMATE CONSULTING SERV.
FENNELL & ASSOCIATES APPRAISER
FERRY ST LAUNDROMAT & CONVENIENCE
FIELD EXPERTS LTD.
FILMWORKS PRODUCTION SERVICES
FINISH COAT PAINTING LTD.
FIRST CHOICE SPORTSWEAR LTD.
FISHER LAKE ESTATES LTD
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FOLEY HOUSE INN
FONG’S RESTAURANT LTD
FOORD STREET LAUNDROMAT & TANNING
FOOTE FAMILY FARM
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FOSTER’S FIRE & SAFETY
FOUR WINDS CHARTERS
FOXY SOUVENIRS
FRAMEWORK CYCLE & FITNESS
FRAN’S HAIR DESIGN
FREEDOM 55 FINANCIAL
FREEDOM FOUNDATION
FRENCH RUSSIAN TRANSLATION SRV
FRENCHY'S CLOTHING STORE
FRIED / DR. LASZLO
FRIES & CO.
FULL BAY SCALLOP ASSN & ATLANTIC HERRING COOP
FURMAR FURNITURE UPHOLSTERY
FURRY ANGELS GROOMING & PET SUPPLY
FUTURE MARKETING LTD.
FUTURE UNISEX HAIRSTYLING
G & M INSULATION & SIDING LTD
G & R KELLY ENTERPRISES LTD.
G.A. FLOORING
G.H. SMITH & SON GENERAL STORE
GABRIEL HOME MAINTENANCE
GAIL KIRK DESIGNS
GASTON CHAGNON PROPERTY LTD
GATEWAY CIGAR STORE
GCR TIRE CENTRES
GERALD BATTIST TRUCKING LTD.
GERALD LEBLANC
GERD’S TAILOR SHOP
GERTRUDE BENT
GIFFINS ESSO
GILBERT / MARY I
GILBERT’S RADIO & TV
GINGERBREAD HOUSE INN
GLASSMAN
GLENDON STARRATT
GLENNIE HATT
GLOOSCAP TRADING POST
GO MERCHANDISING INC.
GOLD ‘N WATCH+
GOLDEN ANCHOR BED & BREAKFAST
GOLDEN TAN SALON
GOOD ENOUGH FISHERIES
GRACE HAVEN
GRAHAM BROTHERS FARMS
GRAMAC LTD
GRAND ST. INN BED & BREAKFAST
GRANT MOTORS LTD
GRANT’S GROCERY
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GREEN CREEK AUTO BODY & SALES
GREEN WORKS LANDSCAPING LTD.
GREENWOOD ANIMAL HOSPITAL
GREG CORKUM EXCAVATION LTD
GREG WHITNEY
GREG'S DODGE AUTO REPAIR
GUARANTEE CO OF NORTH AMERICA
GULF SHORE CAMPING PARK
GUPPY’S PLACE FAMILY RESTAURANT
H & R BLOCK
H B & J CONTRACTORS LTD.
H.W. LONGARD ENTERPRISES LTD
HAGGETTS DAIRY
HALDANE ELIZABETH BARRISTER
HALIFAX HEATING & AIR CONDITIONING
HALLMARK DENTAL
HALLMARK FLOORS CARPET ONE FLOOR & HOME
HANDMADE SHOES
124
HARBOUR CONSTRUCTION CO. LTD.
HARBOUR DEVELOPMENT
HARBOUR METAL RECYCLING LTD.
HARBOURSIDE COTTAGES
HARDY WAYNE NS LAND SURVEYOR
HARLOW CONSTRUCTION LTD
HARLOW SATELLITE
HAROLD LEWIS REPAIRS
HAROLD RAFUSE
HAROLD’S BAKERY
HARRIS & ROOME SUPPLY LTD
HARTLEN’S ESSO
HAVE A YARN
HAWES TRUCKING & EXCAVATING LTD
HCH VIDEO
HEAD SHOPPE
HECTOR BUILDING SUPPLIES
HEISLER BOAT YARD
HENDERSON PLUMBING / J D
HERITAGE CARPENTRY AND RESTORATION
HERMAN & TRUDY
HERRING CHOKER DELI/BAKERY
HI-LINER FISHING GEAR & TACKLE LTD.
HIGHFIELD PARK APARTMENTS
HIGHLANDS PHARMASAVE
HIGHROLLER TRANSPORT
HILLSIDE COTTAGES
HIMMELMAN’S TROPHIES & GIFTS
HISTORIC GROUNDS COFFEE HOUSE
HLM REALTIES
HOLY REDEEMER CONVENT
HOLY ROSARY CHURCH
HOME LOANS CANADA
HOME SWEET HOME INSPECTIONS LTD
HOPE
HORACE GARDNIER
HORTON INSURANCE AGENCY LTD
HOUSE OF HAIR DESIGN
HOUSTON NORTH GALLERY
HOWIE CTR. IRVING MAINWAY
HUBTOWN CONTRACTING, TRURO
HULL ELECTRICAL SERVICE LTD.
IAN A. (SANDY) MACKAY
IMAGE HOUSE DIGITAL INC.
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION CHURCH
INTERGRATED LAWN CARE SYSTEMS
INVISIBLE FENCING OF NS
ISLAND WELL DRILLERS LTD
ISLANDVIEW BEAUTY SALON
ISLE ROYALE BEAUTY SALON
J. CONLEY & SONS ENTERPRISE
J.H. MCKAY MARINE RAILWAY LTD.
J.B. AUTOMOTIVE LTD.
J. CHIASSON SERVICE STATION
J.L. DUFOUR ROOFING SERVICES LTD.
JACK LOWE’S AUTO REPAIR
JAMES HEIGHT
JAN GNEMMI
JANET MACLEOD ROYAL LEPAGE ATL.
JANET’S FLOWERS LTD
JANIE CASHEL
JEDDORE LODGE AND CABINS
JEDDORE VARIETY
JEN'S L'IL KIDS PLACE
JERRY S. COULTER LTD.
JERRY’S RV TRAILER SALES & SRV
JIM & MARY RHYNOLD
JOE’S PIZZERIA
JOHN B. HENLEY
JOHN GILROY GENERAL CONTRACTORS
JOHN MCSTAY
JOHN’S LUNCH
JONEL JIM CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
JORDAN BRANCH VETERINARY CLINIC
JOST VINEYARDS
JUDY’S BEAUTY SALON
JUNE RONDEAU
KAREN BENT
KEN’S APPLIANCE REPAIR
KEN’S GROCERY LTD
KENT & DUFFETT CHARTD ACCTNTS
KENT FIELDS ESTATES LIMITED
KIN - EXCEL FITNESS CTR.
KINGS KROWN CO LTD
KINGS MUTUAL INSURANCE CO.
KINGSTON DINER
KIP WALKER HLC MORTGAGES
KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS
L & B SILVI LTD.
L & C CLEANING SUPPLIES
L & D SAUNDERS AUTO & SVC CTR
L E SHEA AUTO SALES LTD
LABRADOR FEA
Business Patrons
LAKEFRONT GROCERY & VIDEO
LAKEPORT EXCAVATING LTD.
LAKESIDE VARIETY STORE LTD.
LASTING IMPRESSIONS LANDSCAPE
LAURIE’S COMPLETE AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE
LAVINIA’S BEAUTY BOUTIQUE
LAW OFFICE OF J. PATRICK MORRIS QC.
LAWRENCE BOND
LAWRENCE S. VEINOTTE ENT. LTD.
LE TROIS PIGNONS
LEBLANC DIESEL REPAIR LTD.
LEO'S SUPERMARKET
LESLIE FINERY
LEVIN DENTURE CLINIC
LIBERTY ENTERPRISES LTD
LINUS AUCOIN, C.G.A.
LIONSTONE INN, THE
LITTLE PEOPLE’S PLACE
LITTLE RIVER TRADING CO LTD.
LITTLE SALES & SERVICE
LIVERPOOL PIZZERIA
LOCKEPORT PENTECOSTAL CHURCH
LOCKPORT FIREFIGHTERS ASSN
LOGIX MARINE
LONGMIRE AUTO SALES
LOOK OFF CAFE + MINI GOLF
LOTUS GARDEN RESTAURANT
LOUISBOURG DOLLHOUSE EMPORIUM
LUCKY RABBIT POTTERY
LUNENBURG FRENCHYS USED CLOTHING
LYLE TILLEY DAVIDSON
LYNWOOD INN
M & B TRANSMISSION
M & B WHOLESALE LTD.
M & G CAB
M & J TAXI
M & M MEAT SHOPS - STORE 128
M WELLS CONSTRUCTION
M. WRIGHT FARM & FOREST LTD.
MABOU BEAUTY SALON
MAC AULAY'S SVC STATION
MACLEOD & GRANT LTD.
MACCALLUM’S PRODUCE
MACDONALD’S BACKHOE & TRUCKING
MACEACHERN ALEXANDER DR.
MACGILLIVARY & SON LUMBERING
MACINNIS SERVICE CTR
MACINTOSH DENTURE CLINIC
MACKINNON JOHN REV
MACLEAN CONCRETE CONST. LTD.
MACPHEE’S WELDING & SERVICES
MACRAE ALVIN DR PHYS
MAIN ST. ULTRAMAR
MAIN STREET RESTAURANT & BAKERY
MALLETT RESEARCH SVC.
MALONE'S BOAT REPAIR
MANZER CONSTRUCTION
MAPLE GROVE GREENHOUSES & FARM
MAPLETON SURVEYS
MARGAREE FORKS IRVING
MARGAREE HARBOUR CRAFTS & GIFT
MARGIE ROBSON
MARGOT WALSH MEDIA
MARINER FORGE ENTERPRISES LTD
MARITIME AUTO SALVAGE
MARITIME CAR WASH SALES & SVC LTD.
MARITIME INNS & RESORTS
MARK WINDFIELD
MARKLAND ASSOCIATES LTD.
MARSH CANADA
MARSHALL’S ROOFING AND SIDING
MARSHALL'S GIFTS & SOUVENIRS
MARY JANES HEMP SHOP
MASON WILLIAM DR.
MASON’S SERVICE STATION
MASTER FURNITURE REPAIR & REFINISHING
MATTATALL SIGNS LTD.
MCLENNAN SALES
MCNAIR BROS PLUMBING & HEATING
MCINTYRE COTTAGES
MCKILLOP FLOWERS
MCLELLAN RICHARDS & BEGIN
MCNUTT AUTO BODY
MEDICAL HALL MACKAY DRUGS LTD
MELVIN FARMS LTD
MEMORIES TROPHIES ENGRAVING
METALINE GRAPHICS LTD.
MICHAEL F. FEINDEL
MICHAEL FORD FOUNDATION LTD.
MIDAS CAR CARE
MIDWAY MOTORS LTD./PORT HASTINGS
MIKE HECIMOVICH
MIKE HIMMLEMAN
POLICE ASSOCIATION
OF
NOVA SCOTIA
MIKE LE RUE’S AUTOBODY
MIKE MILLS ROOFING & CONSTRUCTION
MIKE RANDALL
MIKE’S LUNCH
MILLENIUM SAFETY & DRIVING ACADEMY LTD.
MILLER’S CAR BRITE AUTO CLEAN
MING’S RESTAURANT
MOOREHEAD WILLIAM REV
MORAN DAN PRODUCTIONS
MORSE CONSTRUCTION INC
MOSHER LIMESTONE CO. LTD.
MOWBRAY / DR ROBERT
MR. CHICKEN
MR. FI’S CUSTOM FRAMING
MR. GAVRIC
MR. VINCENT A. GILLIS, BARR. & SOL.
MRS ANNA GUZDZIOL
MRS. H. TEMPLE/HILL
MRS. MARIATTE AMIRAULT
MUG & ANCHOR PUB
MULGRAVE MACHINE WORKS LTD
MURIEL M. SUTHERLAND
MURRAY MUNROE RENOVATIONS
N S RADIATOR & HEAT EXCHANGE
NANCY STEWART CGA
NAPA AUTO PARTS
NATURE BOOK STORE
NEIL FISHER
NEW GRAFTON VARIETY
NEWFOUNDLAND GROCERY STORE LTD
NEXANS CANADA INC.
NICKERSON / REV ERNEST H
NICKERSON PERRY SEAFOODS LTD.
NORTH END COMMUNITY DAY CARE CTR
NORTHSIDE COMMUNITY GUEST HOME
NORTHSIDE TROPHIES & CRAFTS
NOVA STAIRCRAFT
NOVAWAY KENNELS
OCEAN VIEW CHILDREN CTR
OCEANSIDE DESIGN & INSPECTION SVCS
OLD BRIDGE AUTOMOTIVE LIMITED
ORCHARD AWAY DAY CARE
OTTO STRONG'S BURNER SVC
OXFORD FROZEN FOODS LTD
P J S MANAGEMENT SERVICES LTD
P M SPICER CONTRACTING
PAT BOUDREAU PLUMBING & HEATING
PAT MORRISON C/O CBCI TELECOM
PAT’S MENS HAIRSTYLING
PATTEN FUNERAL HOME (1987) LTD
PAUL’S WATER SERVICE
PEGG’S RECYCLING
PENDLETON'S CORNER STORE
PERMACRETE CAPE BRETON
PERRY’S GYM & FITNESS CENTRE
PETE’S MARINE ELECTRONICS 1989 LTD
PETER A LOHNES
PHARMASAVE WEST PUBNICO
PHYSIOTHERAPY ALTERNATIVES
PIZZA DELIGHT NORTH SYDNEY
PLAY TO LEARN DAYCARE
PLETTNER PORT MOUTON PROPERTY
PORTS SEAFOOD
POTTIER GERALD A SURVYR
POULAIN’S PHARMACY
PRECISION ENTERPRISES
PREMIERE VAN LINES
PREMIUM SEAFOODS
PREMIUM VENTURES INC.
PRESCOTT & ASSOCIATES
PRICE CHOPPERS
PROVINCE HOUSE CREDIT UNION
PUGWASH CONVENIENCE STORE
PUGWASH HOME HARDWARE
QDS SOFTWARE INC.
QUILTS BY THE SEA
R A WILSON INSURANCE
R G ENTERPRISES INC
R V WHEEL ESTATE
R W S DISTRIBUTORS
RAYMOND E. HARVEY, CA
RAYMOND YUILL
RAYPORT CAMP GROUNDS
RE/MAX LIFESTYLE REALTY
RECOVERED TREASURES
REG LAFFIN BURNER SERVICE
REMAX SOUTH SHORE REALTY 1989
RENT A WRECK BADDECK
RESTAURANT EVANGELINE \ PIZZA SHACK
REV ED FLANDER
REV GEORGE MACLEAN
REV JAMES H MACINTOSH
REV RON MCLEAN
125
REV SHARON BUDD
REV. CAROL R. ARMSTRONG "THREE RIVERS"
REV. HAROLD BEAUMONT
REV. SIDNEY SNOW
REV. WILLIAM GUSTAFSON
RH WINMILL ELECTRIC LTD.
RHODENIZER SALVAGE ENTERPRISES
RICK’S AUTO BODY
RICKY SLOCUM TRUCKING LTD
RIDEOUT
RINGER’S GARAGE
RIVERSIDE CONVENIENCE
RJP LANDSCAPING LTD
ROAD WORTHY DRIVER TRAINING
ROBERT BLAIR TRUCKING LTD.
ROBERT MORTON FIN.SERVICE LTD
ROBERT NEWCOMBE
ROBERT OLSON
ROBERT PETERSON WELL DRILLING
ROBIN HENNIGAR
ROCKINGHAM HARDWARE LTD.
ROCKVILLE CARRIERS LTD.
RON BAIN
ROSE ARBOR CAF…
ROSE REAL ESTATE LTD
ROSS LAWN CARE
ROY B MATTINSON AND SONS TRUCKING
ROYAL BANK
ROYAL CANADIAN LEGION #67
ROYAL CANADIAN LEGION BRANCH 106
ROYAL DIAPER & ACCESSORIES
RUDOLPH TRANSFER
RUM RUNNER INN
RUSSELL’S SERVICE STATION
RYFAS INC
S & L BAKERY
S.J. MACRAE & SON LTD.
SABLE FISH PACKERS (1988) LTD.
SALVATION ARMY YOUTH RESOURCE CENTER
SALZMAN’S CARPET & TILE
SANDERS TREE FARM SUPPLIES LTD.
SANDRA VOEGELE
SANFORD STORE / DOUGLAS D.
SATURN SAAB OF HALIFAX
SCANLAN / GERARD P
SCOTIA BANK
SCOTIA BANK & TRUST
SCOTIA BEST XMAS TREE LTD.
SCOTIA POULTRY FARM LTD
SCOTIA RECOVERY SERVICES
SCOTIA VACUUMS
SCOTIABANK
SEA SIDE SEA FOODS
SEABREEZE COTTAGES & MOTEL
SEASCAPE BUILDING MAINTENANCE
SEASIDE CAMPING GROUNDS
SEASIDE FUELS & CONVENIENCE
SEASONS MOTOR INN
SEAWAY INTL. FOODS LTD.
SEW INCLINED
SHAMBALA INTERNATIONAL CENTRE
SHAMBHALA INSTITUTE
SHARP / REV DONALD
SHELBURNE FURNITURE & APPLIANCES LTD.
SHERBROOKE GARAGE LTD
SIDETRACK BEVERAGE ROOM
SIGNATURE REALTY LTD.
SIMPSON INSTALLATIONS LTD
SINCLAIR DENTURE CLINIC
SISSIBOO HOME HARDWARE BLDG CTR
SISSIBOO FARM SUPPLIES
SISSIBOO VETERINARY SVC LTD.
SISTERS OF CHARITY
SISTERS OF ST MARTHA
SISTERS OF THE ASSUMPTION
SKOKE'S HAIR STYLIST
SKYVIEW HOMES LTD.
SKYWAYS TAXI LIMO
SMITH & MCCARTHY PAINTING LTD
SMITH & WATT LTD
SOBEY’S PRIMROSE
SOBEYS INC
SOOTY FOOT CHIMNEY SWEEP
SOUTH BERWICK AUTOMOTIVE LTD.
SOUTH POINT CONSTRUCTION LTD.
SOUTH SHORE OPTICAL
SOUTHDALE DAY CARE CENTER
SPECIAL PROJECTS LTD
SPERRY & PARTNERS LTD
SPOTTED FROG
SPRINGHILL JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
SPRINGVALE NURSERIES LTD
SPRUCE TOP RUG HOOKING STUDIO
38TH ANNUAL
CRIME PREVENTION GUIDE
IMPAIRED DRIVING
AWARENESS
DESIGNATE a
SOBER DRIVER or
we will DESIGNATE
ONE FOR YOU!
Thank
You!
128
OF
N OVA S COTIA
Bio Recovery Canada
Crime, death and trauma scene cleaning, disinfection,
property reclamation and bio-hazardous waste removal
Emergency Service 1-800-331-9090
www.traumacleaners.com
Death by suicide
Decompositions
Drug house cleanup
Buildings with racoon or rodent feces
Industrial accidents involving trauma
Mold remediation in basements, air ducts
Pet odor removal from homes, vehicles
Offensive odor removal from older homes
Sharps and medical waste removal service
Fire and smoke remediation
Death by homicide
Unattended deaths
Dwellings for the terminally ill
Dwellings contaminated with urine, feces
Police Vehicles and holding cells decontaminated
Refrigeration breakdowns and decontamination
Dwellings contaminated with bird droppings
Illegal methamphetamine type drug labs
Bio Terrorism decontamination ie: Anthrax
Water and sewer back-up remediation
Bio-hazardous clean up, removal and restoration
Immediate Emergency Response within the Maritimes
Discretion assured, unmarked vehicles dispatched upon request
Structural decontamination and sanitization
Odor removal performed with hi-tech Ozone generators (not masking agents)
Vehicle decontamination and restoration
Bio-recovery technicians trained certified in blood borne pathogens
Chemicals utilized are certified for all possible pathogens and viruses
Most insurance policies cover cleanups of this nature
Insured for your protection
Fully compliant with federal and provincial regulations
All bio-hazardous and bio-medical waste is properly handled and incinerated
at a licensed bio-medical waste facility
Unmarked vehicles available upon request.
Specializing in Trauma and Postmortem Scenes
Bio Recovery Inc. is a member company of the "American Bio Recovery Association"
38TH ANNUAL
CRIME PREVENTION GUIDE
IMPAIRED DRIVING
AWARENESS
DESIGNATE a
SOBER DRIVER or
we will DESIGNATE
ONE FOR YOU!
“DON’T DRINK & DRIVE”

Business Patrons - Police Association of Nova Scotia

Transcription

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