Madeira Press Kit - APM - Associação de Promoção da Madeira

MADEIRA HISTORY
João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira officially discovered the island of Porto
Santo in 1418 and Madeira in 1419. After being blown by a storm far off course Zarco
found shelter on a small island, which he named in gratitude, Porto Santo. Many believe
these islands had been visited or sighted from as far back as the beginning of the Christian
era.
Nowadays it is general opinion that in 1419, under the orders of the Glorious Henry "The
Navigator", Madeira Archipelago, that was already mentioned in 1350 at Libro del
Conoscimento and represented on Italian and Catalan maps from the 14th century, was
rediscovered by João Gonçalves Zarco and Tristão Vaz Teixeira. The kingdom had a
constant lack of cereals, so they wanted to provide it with it and also be supportive to the
maritime expansion of Portugal.
It was also in Madeira and Porto Santo that the merchant Christopher Columbus increased
his knowledge of the art of navigation and planned his famous voyage to America.
Christopher Columbus
Columbus came to Madeira in 1478, marrying Filipa Moniz, the daughter of
Bartolomeu Perestrelo, the first governor of Porto Santo. She died shortly after giving birth
to their son. Their house has been made into a small museum in Porto Santo.
Thus, since the 15th century, Madeira has played an important role on the great Portuguese
Discoveries. It became also famous for the rich trade routes between Funchal and the
entire Atlantic World.
In 1425, after the division of the Archipelago into captaincies of Funchal, Machico and
Porto Santo began the organised settlement. During some decades, cereal production was
a factor of richness and development. At that time, Madeira had about 150 big farms that
produced more than 3.000 m³ of wheat, being great part exported to the Mainland and to
the Portuguese trading post of the Saccharine and Guinea Littoral.
However, since the last decade of the 15th century, the kingdom and the island governors
began dedicating, above all, to the culture of sugar cane and to the exportation of the
"white gold" to all Europe. Slaves, who were brought from African trading posts, were used
to work at cane brake and sugar mill.
The Madeira Portuguese, Diogo Teives, invented the first mechanical sugar mill moved by
water. This invention determined a great increase of production, which in 1506 reached
3.500 tones.
Madeira had its greatest economical and cultural development during this period and
became known all over the civilised World.
Still today, our museums keep abundant and precious artistic masterpieces of that period
and Madeira people have proud of Museu de Arte Sacra, in Funchal. It has one of the most
representative world collections of Flemish paintings, proceeding from Bruges, Antwerp
and Malines.
There are also still notable architectonic evidences, such as at Funchal Cathedral; the
Church and Convent of Santa Clara; the Churches of Calheta, Santa Cruz and Machico; the
Chapels of Reis Magos, Encarnação and Corpo Santo. There are also some remains of Old
Customhouse and Manueline windows kept at Quinta das Cruzes.
However, since the last decade of the 16th century, the exportation of sugar suffered a
great resection. This resection was determined by the break of soil productivity, diseases
that contaminated the canebrakes and, above all, due to the competitive sugar brought
from Brazil, where Madeira people had introduced techniques and specialised hand
labour. Thus, during a great period of the 17th century, Madeira Archipelago suffered a
social and economical crisis.
However, Funchal port kept the commercial trade to Africa, America and India. It also had
importance with the exportation of pastry, the famous casquinha done from lemon, cider
and other candied fruit in a fusing of sugar.
Madeira suffered attacks from french pirates in the 16th-century, and Porto Santo was also
constantly under threat from Algerian, Moorish, French and English pirates.
In 1580 Portugal and Madeira became under the domain of Castille, however, in 1640, the
independence was restored, followed by the marriage of our Infant D. Catarina de
Bragança with Charles II of England.
It was then granted several contracts with British people who favoured the exportation of
Madeira Wine to England, Occidental India and British colonies in America. Since the last
decade of the 17th century, Madeira knew a new period of economical and cultural
increasing, being its excellent wine responsible for the fame of the Island all over the
world. This prosperity called vineyard cycle had its reflections at arts and architecture.
It was constructed the typical residences of the 17th and 18th centuries, with its stonework
"bull’s-eye" window, balconies made with wrought iron, towers, belvederes, balconies and
wine press at the ground floor. There is still beautiful examples at Rua dos Ferreiros, do
Bispo, de Santa Maria and at some villas on the surroundings of Funchal.
At the same time, we can see the preference of the Baroque and its carved work upon the
Flemish and Mudejar art, in churches, chapels and manor houses. We have chosen as
examples the churches of S. Pedro and the fascinating church of Colégio, at Funchal.
British presence in Madeira was a result of the Napoleonic Wars, a friendly occupation
concluding in 1814. Many British explorers and travellers settled here, originating a strong
community of landowners and traders, which together with other nationalities helped
give Madeira a diverse cosmopolitan heritage.
However, since the beginning of the 19th century first decade, Madeira Archipelago
recognised once again another economical resection, due to the end of the napoleon wars
and the subsequent peace restoration in Europe.
German U boats shelled Funchal in 1916 and 1917 after Germany declared war on
Portugal, fortunately with few casualties.
With the victory of liberal ideas against absolutism, the new Madeira authorities made
economical reformations to fight against the crisis and began constructing the wonderful
"levadas" (water canals) of Rabaçal, Juncal, Furado and Fajã dos Vinháticos.
With the irrigation increase, cereal production and other food products increased and
Madeira people became, once again, developing canebrake plantation and increasing
sugar and banana exportation. At that time, began their development of the production
and exportation of the famous Madeira embroideries and of the typical wickerwork and
baskets.
Finally, tourism industry also increased, at first, through the Therapeutic Tourism. In fact,
since the middle of the 19th century, a number of English and German doctors
recommended Madeira mild climate as a possible cure to pulmonary diseases. A lot of
people came to Madeira Archipelago.
The 1974 Revolution
Revolution,
evolution on the 25th of April, was greeted enthusiastically in Madeira. In
1976 a constitution was drawn up in Lisbon which designated Madeira an Autonomous
Political Region and since then the region has been governed by an overwhelming
Popular Social Democratic majority (PSD), with the charismatic figure of Alberto João
Jardim dominating the party and achieving systematic majorities in each election.
In this century, with the airport construction, port enlargement and road construction
connecting all regions, industrial tourism developed. Today Madeira is known all over the
world by the diversity of its splendours beauty, splendid climate and above all, by the
excellent quality of touristic services and population kindness.
Motto of the autonomous region:
Das ilhas, a mais bela e livre.
livre.
(Of the islands, the most beautiful and free).
Official language : Portuguese
Capital: Funchal
Area: 797 km²
Length: 57 Km
Width: 23 Km
Population
- Total (2001): 245 000 inhabitants
- Density : 312 inhabitants / km²
Number of Councils: 11 - Funchal, Câmara de Lobos, Ribeira Brava, Ponta do Sol, Calheta,
Porto Moniz, S. Vicente, Santana, Machico, Santa Cruz and Porto Santo.
Highest point: Pico Ruivo with 1862 m above sea level.
President : Dr. Alberto João Jardim
Autonomy: 1976
Currency: Euro¹¹
(¹¹) Before1999: Portuguese escudo
MADEIRA ISLAND
One of the greatest attractions of the Island of Madeira lies in its spectacular landscape. Its
luxurious vegetation continues to fascinate all those closely drawn to nature.
This archipelago, included in the bio-geographic region of Macaronesia, retains a natural
heritage of great scientific value, distinguished by UNESCO as World Natural Heritage.
Madeira's indigenous Laurel forest (Laurissilva), occupying an area of 15 thousand
hectares, forms part of this vast layer of vegetation that covers the island. This ancient
forest dates back to the Tertiary Era and includes very large trees amongst which is the Til,
(Ocotea foetens), the Laurel-Tree, (Laurus azorica) and the Brazilian Mahogany, (Persea
indica). Surrounding the trees are mosses and many other bushes, including heather and
ferns.
Amongst the bird life there are rare species such as the Long-toed pigeon, (Columba
trocaz) and Zino's petrel or the Madeira Freira petrel, (Pterodroma madeira).
In a continuous effort to preserve nature in its primitive form, five different areas of the
Region were declared Nature Reserves. These are the Reserves of the Desertas and
Selvagens Islands, the Nature Reserve of Rocha do Navio and the Garajau and Ponta de São
Lourenço Reserves. Through them, the various endemic forms of flora and fauna are
identified.
But beyond this invaluable heritage, the island of Madeira also contains a vast array of
exotic plants of every form and color, the majority of which originate from various other
parts of the world and have adapted here as well as they do in their native environment.
"Macaronésia" is an ancient geographic region in which Madeira Islands are included, and
whose unique characteristic is that it preserves the remains of a great forest dating back to
the Tertiary Era before the great ice ages. This forest once covered huge extensions of the
European Continent, but glaciations led to the massive destruction of the vegetation. But
thanks to the beneficial influence of an ocean climate, these same species were able to
survive in the Atlantic Islands.
And so Madeira Island survived as the only region in the world where one can find
representative samples of this ancient forest. It is well preserved and contains a large
number of species.
The Laurissilva forest occupies a coastal strip from 300 to 1300 metres above sea level, and
plays a crucial role in soil preservation and the capture and filtration of rainfall on the
island. Considered a living relic, almost all of it has been classified as part of the Madeira
Nature Reserve, and is deemed a Total Preservation Area.
This is a unique rarity which has not yet been entirely quantified. It was awarded the
distinction of UNESCO World Natural Heritage, on the 2nd December, 1999.
This new position of the Region in relation to the rest of the world enables it to be seen for
its true and specific value, as a bio-cultural heritage for all humanity.
MADEIRA NATURE RESERVE
The Madeira Nature Reserve was created in 1982 in order to preserve a huge natural
heritage, which is part of the world's heritage and includes some species in danger of
extinction, as well as some high quality human habitats. It has been classified as Bioenergetic Reserve and it contains flora and fauna unique in the whole world.
The Reserve covers a large proportion of Madeira Island (about two thirds of its territory),
including areas of total and partial natural preservation, protected landscapes and leisure
zones.
Main Protected Areas in the Madeira Nature Reserve
Ilhas Desertas Nature Reserve
The Ilhas Desertas (total area of 1 421 hectares) include the Ilhéu Chão, Deserta Grande
and Bugio. They are at about 22 miles to the southeast of the town of Funchal. The islands
constitute the last refuge of the monk seal named MonachusMonachus. The presence of
these mammals led the Regional Government of Madeira to create the protected area of
Ilhas Desertas in 1990. In 1992 the European Council classified these islands as
Bioenergetics Reserve. It is important to mention that the total ban of scuba fishing in this
reserve. Advance permission from the park authorities is also needed before any vessel can
anchor or visit Deserta Grande Island. No boats are allowed to sail through the southern
part of the reserve.
Ilhas Selvagens Nature Reserve
The Selvagens islands include two groups of small islands. Most notable of these are
Selvagem Grande, Selvagem Pequena and Ilhéu de Fora. They are about 180 miles from
Madeira Island and form the southernmost territory belonging to Portugal.
Ilhas Selvagens Nature Reserve was created in 1971 and is one of the oldest in Portugal.
Today, it’s the only Portuguese reserve formally classified as such by the EC.
The flora of the Selvagens Islands at its most impressive on Selvagem Pequena and Ilhéu
de Fora; here grazing animals have never been introduced. Amongst the ninety species
that make up the plant heritage of the Selvagens Islands, ten are endemic.
Because of the favourable nesting conditions for seabirds, these islands are also known as
bird sanctuaries.
Parcial do Garajau Nature Reserve
This reserve, created in 1986, is on the south coast of Madeira Island, at the extreme east of
Funchal Bay. It is a marine park that includes a strip running from the high tide line and
into the sea to a depth of 50 metres. Amongst the fauna of this park are larger fish such as
the Epinephelus guaza (mero in Portuguese) and also a variety of other coastal species.
Groups of Atlantic manta rays (manta birostris) can be seen here every year. Their size and
graceful movement has transformed the area into an international attraction. Any fishing
activity is forbidden inside the park. Navigation is also highly controlled. Only small boats
are allowed to approach the beaches. There is infrastructure and support for skin-diving.
Rocha do Navio Nature Reserve
This area falls under the administration of Santana, and was the last park to be created in
1997. It was established in response to demands from the local population and includes a
strip of sea, a potential habitat for sea wolf and a small island on which one can see rare
plants
that
inhabit
the
cliff
habitats
of
Macaronesia.
There is open access by boat, but underwater fishing and the use of fishing nets are
forbidden.
MULTIMULTI- ACTIVITIES
•
Levada Walks
Levadas are water courses running round the mountains; Open-air water canals that cover
the island bringing water from the mountains to the plantations below and were built by
the first settlers to carry water to inaccessible farmland. These irrigation channels pass
through breathtaking scenery, waterfalls and hidden parts of the island. Today they are
one of Madeira’s greatest attractions.
Covering over 1500 kilometres, the levadas of Madeira were mostly sculpted by hand, and
access remote villages through tunnels and cliff hugging ledges. Walking on a levada path
is an unforgettable experience.
Madeira has a fantastic network of trails and levadas. There are more than 200 levadas
crisscrossing the island’s basalt rock masses, taking hikers into a rare natural world.
Along these irrigation channels you will come across species of fauna and flora found
hardly anywhere else in the world, in Madeira’s traditional Laurissilva Forest.
You can see birds like the long-toed pigeon (Columba trocaz), Zino’s petrel (Pterodroma
madeira), Madeiran chaffinch (Fringila coelebs maderensis) and Madeiran firecrest
(Regulus ignicapillus maderensis) and trees like the stinklaurel (Ocotea foetens), laurel
(Laurus azorica) or Madeira mahogany (Persea indica), along with a variety of other unique
shrubs, plants and mosses.
Most of the routes are accessible, though there are varying degrees of difficulty. We
recommend that you buy programmes organised by travel agencies or holiday activity
companies, as the walks they organise use the proper equipment and are accompanied by
professional mountain guides.
Never try these walks alone.
Liability
Liability
Users and organisers of these walks may be held liable for any material damage or
personal injury occurring during said walks.
(Article 9, Regional Legislative Decree 7-B/2000/M)
•
Golf
Santo da Serra Golf Club,
Club home of the Madeira Island Open, rates as one of the most
spectacular courses in Europe, with staggering views from the mountains to the sea below.
Designed by Robert Trent Jones, it is situated close to the picturesque village of Santo da
Serra east of Madeira. With 27 holes available for play in 1998 all characterised by generous
fairways, tight undulating greens and a choice of tee positions to suite all abilities. Check
your score against the best players in Europe!
Santo da Serra Golf Club
9200-152 Machico - Portugal
Tel.: (+351) 291 550 100
Fax: (+351) 291 550 105
E-mail: recepcao/reservas@santodaserragolf.com
www.santodaserragolf.com
Palheiro Golf is situated in the hills to the east of Funchal, boasting fantastic views over
the bay and the city.
This 18th hole, 6000 metre plus course was designed in 1993 by Cabel Robinson, and is
skillfully set within the gracious parkland of the Quinta de Palheiro Ferreiro. Remarkable for
tight fairways, fast greens, and judicious use of the beautiful trees that once covered the
hillside, the course is a worthy challenge for all handicap levels.
Sociedade Turística Palheiro Golfe, S.A
Rua do Balancal, 29, S.Gonçalo
9060-414 Funchal
Madeira-Portugal
Phone: 291 790 120
Reservation: 291 790 125
Fax : 291 792 456 / Email : reservations@palheirogolf.com
www.palheirogolf.com
Sports are well catered for on the island with every type of water sports available such as
surf, windsurf, scuba diving, sailing, canoeing, water skiing, and deep-sea fishing. For land
sports why not try adrenaline charged activities such as paragliding over cliff tops or
sliding over a deep ravine. The refined mountain air can be inhaled while playing on the
two spectacular mountain golf courses on Madeira, or in Porto Santo a stunning new golf
course offers a challenging round right on the sea.
In Madeira there is a broader range of water sports where the most common activities are
swimming, surfing, windsurfing, diving, sailing, canoeing or water skiing.
•
Big Game Fishing
Exploring the rich seas that surround Madeira is a truly memorable experience. Known as
one of the best places for big game fishing in the world, huge blue marlins and tuna can
be found swimming in these warm waters.
A “tag and release” system is practised by most marlin fishermen on the island, returning
the fish unharmed to the ocean after the catch.
•
Diving/Scuba
Diving/Scuba Diving
Beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean lies a fantastic underwater garden. Diving in
Madeira is a unique experience.
Scuba diving in Madeira has gained more importance among visitors to the island during
the last years.
A mild climate all year round, water temperatures of 18 to 23°C, depending on the season,
crystal clear waters and the likelihood of viewing species like barracudas, monkfish,
dolphins, rays and even mantas are the main reasons why lovers of this sport consider the
island
of
Madeira
more
and
more
for
their
diving
holidays.
There are several diving schools or leisure companies, located mainly in Funchal and
Caniço de Baixo, which provide courses for all levels, diving excursions for more
experienced divers and also equipment hire.
•
Jet Ski and Water Ski
Jet skiing and water skiing are fine ways to enjoy the sea and the Madeira coast, which
unfurls itself in green folds around the water’s edge.
•
Canyoning
Getting down the rivers of Madeira is a way to see undiscovered and untouched parts of
the island, while revelling in the exciting journey through transparent waters. During
summer the northern rivers are the most appropriate, as the flows are high and there is
enough white water to create an exciting challenge. During winter, however, we
recommend the streams to the south, with gentler, quieter flows.
•
Whale and Dolphin Watching
Watch ing
Because of its unique location in the mid-ocean the island of Madeira is mid-ocean the
island of Madeira is blessed with a very special event: the presence of visiting whales and
dolphins, which has only recently been recognized as another asset to this beautiful
holiday destination.
The year 2003 was an extraordinary year with regard to the number of Fin and Sei Whales
to be spotted in the waters surrounding the island, where these species took up residence
during the summer months.
As just five kilometres off shore the ocean floor reaches a depth of more than 3,000 meters,
Madeira’s waters close to the coast rapidly drop very deep, and on most days these ocean
going creatures are swimming by right on your door step. In some years oceanic species of
dolphins along with very rare Beaked Whales are also common to see in the waters of
Madeira.
Apart from this breathtaking whale and dolphin spotting experience you will also get a
glimpse of ocean wandering sea birds, some of which are found nowhere else in the world!
Here are some of the species that can be spotted during these safaris: Fin Whale, Sperm
Whale, Sea Whale, Pilot Whale, various kinds of Beaked Whale, Humpback Whale & many
others; Oceanic Dolphin, Atlantic Spotted Dolphin, Common Dolphin, Bottle Nose Dolphin,
Striped Dolphin, Rough Tooth Dolphin, Risso’s Dolphin & many others.
•
Surfing and Windsurfing
Surfing on Madeira Island only began some years ago, when professionals and surf lovers
recognised the excellent conditions that this region has to offer. The news of this
‘discovery’ were immediately spread to all Portuguese surf lovers and finally arrived in
Brazil. But it was only when news broke in the surfing press that Madeira became known as
a quality surf location.
The coast is rough and steep and the rocks at the bottom of the sea generate not only
excellent
waves
but
require
also
some
precautions.
If you are a beginner you should be careful with the rock formations and the stones. We
are sure you wouldn't like to be caught in a wave on a rocky beach like this!
Due to its location the Madeira archipelago is a privileged spot to receive swells of the
North Atlantic and has all sorts of waves, from point breaks to reef breaks.
The subtropical climate is responsible for water temperatures between 59º F (15º C) in the
colder season and 21º C (70º F) in the hot season. So we advise you to bring a full-length
wetsuit, or make it even two, because while you are surfing in one you can leave the other
one drying off.
The surfing months are considered low season tourist months, which allows you to choose
a hotel or rent-a-car at much cheaper rates.
Why not bring your surfboard and find out the potential of surfing in Madeira?
Windsurfing conditions are also very good. In 1996 a native of Madeira won the world
championship.
•
Boat Trips
There are several companies organising boat trips all day long
•
Climbing
Madeira’s volcanic origins and its rugged mountainous relief are a guarantee of
adventurous moments. To summit the impressive and magnificent mountains bursting
directly from the sea is a memorable conquest for any climber worth his salt.
The favoured areas for climbing are the central mountain range, the sea cliffs and some of
the northern cliffs.
•
Trekking
Madeira’s challenging terrain and mountainous environment typical are a route-planner’s
delight. Beautiful landscapes provide the opportunity for deep contact with nature. The
northern and the central mountain range are perfect areas for this kind of activity.
•
Cycling
Discover the pleasures of riding a bicycle along Levadas and unpaved roads, through
forest and mountains, making the best of the friendly landscape.
•
Orienteering
Madeira’s distinctive, mountainous terrain and the rich diversity of the landscape make it a
unique challenge for even the most experienced orienteering enthusiasts. Madeira has
been developing its facilities for this sport in the last few years and already has a selection
of maps and a large number of fans. The archipelago’s mild climate and excellent hotels
have been attracting lots of orienteers from different countries, particularly from Northern
Europe, for whom the island is the ideal spot for training.
•
Paragliding / Hanggliding
Madeira offers the best flying sites all over Europe during the wintertime. Numerous flying
sites are available.
The flying sites on Madeira offer you flights throughout the year without stress above a
unique environment and beautiful landscape.
Your local paragliding guide gives you a selection of the flying sites available and
organises all transportation to the take-offs and landings.
•
Birdwatching
Madeira Archipelago offers excellent conditions to birdwatchers, not only in terms of
breeding birds but also vagrants. Though there are only 43 confined breeding species,
21% are endemic species and subspecies to Madeira and 33% to Macaronesia.
One of the most interesting features of birding in Madeira is the number of endemic
subspecies (6 restricted to Madeira and 13 common to Macaronesia islands). For some
birdwatchers the ornithological highlights are the striking Chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs
madeirensis) and the darker Barn Owl (Tyto alba schmitzi).
However, the seabirds are a major attraction for the birdwatchers because there are
several colonies of world importance. In our archipelago we can find 8 breeding species
namely the rare Pterodromas and the Macaronesia subspecies: Little Shearwater (Puffinus
assimilis baroli) and the White-faced Storm petrel (Pelagodroma marina hypoleuca), being
these species confined to Selvagens.
It is possible to observe on our waters visitors like Great Shearwaters (Puffinus gravis),
Wilson's Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) or Storm Petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus).
In Madeira we can find three endemic species, the Long-toed Pigeon (Columba trocaz), the
Firecrest (Regulus madeirensis) and the Zino's Petrel (Pterodroma madeira) and 4 species
further, restricted to Macaronesia, Fea's Petrel (Pterodroma feae), the Canary (Serinus
canaria), the Berthelot's Pipit (Anthus bertheloti)and the Plain Swift (Apus unicolor).
•
Horseriding
If you want to do horseback riding on the island, there is a very good riding association
(open from Tuesday to Sunday) to turn to for more information, which is the Associação
Hípica da Madeira (address: Quinta Vila Alpires - Caminho dos Pretos – Funchal). This
association provides several training levels and organizes riding tours in the area.
There are also several private leisure companies offering horse riding on exciting
adventure tours and private stables opened to public with horse riding courses.
•
Tennis & Squash
Besides all of its natural attractions, the beautiful island of Madeira offers excellent
conditions
for
practising
outdoor
sports
throughout
the
year.
Almost every bigger hotel resort has its own tennis court. Just inquire in the hotels.
•
Beaches & Yacht Clubs in Madeira
1. Funchal
Funchal looks out over the sea and has several rocky basalt-pebble beaches. It also has
bathing complexes open to residents and visitors alike.
The bathing complexes in the capital are Barreirinha, Lido, Ponta Gorda/Poças do
Governador and Poça do Gomes/Doca do Cavacas, and also the Clube de Turismo and the
Clube Naval of Funchal, which are private clubs but open to tourists on payment of a
entrance fee.
The beach of the Clube Naval of Funchal has excellent infrastructures, providing this way
conditions to the practice of diving. It is a lifeguard surveillance beach, with a bar,
bathrooms, showers, rental of beds and canopies, access for the handicapped and two
swimming pools.
www.club
clubenavaldofunchal
club navaldofunchal.com/
navaldofunchal
As for beaches, you can enjoy the pleasures of the sea at Praia de São Tiago, Praia do
Gorgulho,
Praia
Formosa,
Praia
dos
Namorados
and
Praia
Nova.
Most of these beaches are equipped with toilets, locker rooms, leisure facilities with areas
for a variety of sports, restaurants and bars.
2. Caniço
This village, located between Funchal and Santa Cruz, is like a seaside holiday resort as
there are a lot of holiday homes and several hotels here.
Caniço de Baixo has a small pebble beach known as Praia dos Reis Magos.
There is also the Lido Galomar Bathing Complex. It is a private venture set up by a German
business
man
who
has
built
a
bathing
area
on
the
volcanic
rocks.
There is also a diving club at the bathing complex with specialized instructors for new
divers.
3. East Coast
In this part of Madeira you can find bathing areas in Santa Cruz and an artificial golden
sand beach in Machico, as well as, a small natural sand beach in Caniçal.
Santa Cruz
In Santa Cruz, in addition to the well-known, rocky Praia das Palmeiras with its two
swimming pools, there is a new bathing complex near Ribeira da Boaventura. It has
swimming
pools,
solariums,
locker
rooms
and
a
food
court.
Between the boating area and the swimming pools there is a small sheltered bay with safe
access to the sea. For fans of the open sea, there is a pier near the bank at the mouth of the
stream.
Here in Santa Cruz, there is also a water fun park, Aquaparque, which is next to the Ribeira
da Boaventura Bathing Complex. The park, with a capacity for more than 1,000 people, has
five toboggan slides, four fast slides, two swimming pools, one of them for children
(Aqualândia Infantil), a lazy river running round the swimming pools, a bar and bathing
areas.
Machico
Machico is located on a small bay which has a basalt pebble beach with a children’s
swimming pool and a food court. However, since 2008, Machico has another beach, an
artificial golden sand beach. The Government has invested 3 million Euros to import
smooth golden sand from Western Sahara in North Africa to provide a luxuriously soft
beach
for
local
people
and
tourists
to
soak
up
Madeira's
sun.
This beach is about 125 metres in length and 70 metres wide, its quality has been
approved and checked, adding value to the town and a new and comfortable
environment for beach goers.
Caniçal
In, the same municipality, in Caniçal at the eastern end of Madeira, is the only natural
golden-sanded beach on the island. Because of its small size, it is called Prainha (Little
Beach).
4. West Coast
The west coast is the sunniest coast in Madeira, which is why its beaches are very popular
with locals and visitors alike.
Câmara de Lobos, Ribeira Brava, Ponta do Sol, Madalena do Mar, Calheta, Jardim do Mar
and Paul do Mar have excellent access to the sea.
Câmara de Lobos
The seaside area of Câmara de Lobos, a charming fishing village about 8 km from the
capital,
has
been
altered
to
improve
access
to
the
sea.
The improvements include the building of a bathing complex, called Piscinas das Salinas,
and a promenade decorated with sculptures by Madeira artists. The works in Largo da
República have given a complete facelift to the area near the beach.
Ribeira Brava
The seafront at Ribeira Brava, at the end of an important west-coast valley, where its shores
are washed by the immense ocean, has now been renovated and enlarged.
The improvements include the construction of a bathing complex near the local pebble
beach, with a swimming pool, sundeck and support facilities on a magnificent promenade
and a belvedere.
Ponta de Sol
Ponta de Sol has a pebble beach and a bathing complex, near the Lugar de Baixo Marina. It
boasts a large solarium, two swimming pools, restaurants and shower rooms.
Madalena do Mar
The new seafront at Madalena do Mar now provides easier access to the beach and
includes sports facilities and restaurants. Praia da Madalena do Mar has 700 square metres
of sundeck, a pier and two ramps down to the pebble beach. There is also a children’s
playground and a volleyball court.
Calheta
The municipality of Calheta has invested considerably in improving its natural resources,
including designing a golden sandy beach. Sand of this type only occurs naturally in
Madeira at the small beach of Praínha, in Caniçal. Situated near the new marina, it has a
solarium with an area of 7,300 square metres and the beach itself measures 28,550 square
metres. We can expect plenty of people here in the warmer months of the year.
Jardim do Mar and Paúl
Paúl do Mar Beaches
These two villages, which are quite close to each other, have pebble beaches that defy
surfers to try out their spectacular waves, considered some of the best in Europe.
Stop for a while in these fishing villages to recharge your batteries and savour the
selection of different fresh fish dishes.
5. North Coast
The north coast of Madeira is characterised by its spectacular, verdant landscapes
overlooking the deep blue sea.
Giving the nature of the beaches, with their basalt pebbles smoothed by the sea, some
places have developed convenient, practical facilities for easier access to the ocean.
Porto Moniz
Porto Moniz seems to have fallen from above into the northern sea and has long been
famous
for
its
natural
swimming
pools
and
its
pure,
beautiful
scenery.
The swimming pools at Porto Moniz, a delight to all visitors, surround large and small rocks
nestling in the sea.
Take a moment to enjoy some of the fish and shellfish of the north coast, and don’t forget
to try the grilled limpets!
Seixal
In this charming northern town, with its small terraces where the local grapes are grown, is
a small black-sanded beach called Praia da Laje. It also has two natural swimming pools.
There is also the Yacht Club of Seixal beach, which is another good choice of a quality
beach, located near Seixal´s harbor. A large natural pool offering good water quality,
lifeguard surveillance during the summer, great facilities and excellent sea access. This
location also has a black sandy beach by the harbor.
www.clubenavaldoseixal
clubenavaldoseixal.com/
clubenavaldoseixal
São Vicente and Ponta Delgada
São Vicente Beach consists of three beaches: Praia do Calhau, Praia da Fajã and Baía dos
Juncos, all of them have great water quality and are enjoyed not only by locals, but by
those who visit.
Baía dos Juncos Club Naval is also another great complex, offering excellent facilities such
as
a
gym,
sauna,
water
sports
facilities,
bars
and
restaurants.
This is a very popular place with surfers and there are nautical sports facilities, a solarium,
an outdoor café and a promenade between Varadouro and Baía dos Juncos.
Ponta Delgada, the neighbouring northern town that “rests on the sea”, also has new
facilities that include two swimming pools, sunbathing areas, a food court, shower rooms
and breakwater that has resulted in a beach in a small bay.
São Jorge
When travelling in northern Madeira, in a deep valley in São Jorge, you will find a bathing
complex
consisting
of
three
swimming
pools
and
a
restaurant.
From here you will be able to take in the fantastic view of the landscape from the sea to
the green valleys and mountains.
Faial
Faial also has a modern complex, with a large natural swimming pool, restaurants,
showers, and extensive sunbathing area. The complex also includes a sand playing field
that meets the requirements for national and international competitions in sports such as
football, handball and volleyball and a multi-purpose pavilion for other sports. Motor
sports fans will find a go-kart track near the mouth of the stream.
Porto da Cruz
Porto da Cruz is known for the imposing mountain looming over the sea, called “Penha
d’Águia” and for its local wine. It has a black sand beach called Praia da Lagoa, with
excellent access to the sea, a solarium, restaurants and showers. Near the beach is a
bathing complex with two swimming pools and support facilities.
Other MultiMulti- Activities:
•
Kayaking
•
Jeep Safari
•
Mountain biking
•
Slide
•
Rappel
•
Himalaya bridge
•
Paintball
Average prices for several activities:
•
Diving
- With equipment from the company
1 Single Dive
35€ - 40€
Boat trips + €10
Night diving + €6
•
Levada Walks
Full Day: 30€ - 39€
Half Day: 18€ - 28€
Picnic: 5€ - 8€
Lunch: 10€ - 15€
Children 2 -12 years old: Half price
•
Karting
10 minutes: 30€
•
Mountain Bike
Full Day: 35€ - 39€
Half Day: 25€ - 35€
•
Jeep Safari
Full Day: 40€ - 45€ (with lunch)
Half Day: 25€ - 30€
- With own equipment
20€ - 25€
•
Canyoning
anyoning
40€ - 50€
•
Kayak
Full Day: 35€ - 40€
Half Day: 25€ - 30€
•
Boat Trips
3 H: 30€ - 60€ (with or without lunch)
•
Water Craft – Jet Ski
15 minutes: 35€ - 40€
1 Hour: 90€ - 100€
•
Wind Surf
30 minutes: 15€
1 Hour: 20€ - 25€
•
Horse Riding
35€ - 50€ (with or without transfer)
NIGHTLIFE
If people say that there is not much nightlife in Madeira, we have to admit that this is partly
true during the week as – and that is the good thing about Madeira – daily life on the
island hasn’t submitted yet to the rhythm of a tourist life. The ratio of tourists to locals –
who live and work here all year round – is very low, so it is quite understandable that the
working and studying population lives their climax of a ‘normal’ week on the weekends
and then there are lots of things to do on an enjoyable night out until dawn!
Discotheques
There are several discotheques for all age groups located in the centre of Funchal
Dinner Shows & Themed Entertainment Evenings
Many hotels offer weekly programs with various themed evenings open to the public
SHOPPING
Whoever says that Madeira is not the place where you find nice things to shop will be
proven wrong! During the last years a big development has taken place in this field, so that
we are very sure you will find something special for you to take home – to prolong your
memories of an excellent time passed in Madeira – or for family and friends to give them
an appetite for visiting Madeira and discover this beautiful island for themselves!
Here
are
some
suggestions
for
extensive
and
enjoyable
shopping
sprees!
Shopping Centres
Shopping centres are not what are missing in Madeira as there are plenty of them and
most of them are located in the centre of Funchal. The good thing about shopping centres
is that they are usually open throughout the week from 10.00 to 22.00 hours.
Let’s start at the beginning of the Avenida Arriaga with the Marina Shopping, opposite the
marina. One of the more recent and biggest shopping centre in the downtown Funchal is
the Dolce Vita, close to Avenida do Infante. Then a few steps further along towards the
Cathedral you’ll find to the right the Galerias de São Lourenço, a small but attractive
shopping mall. Again, only a few meters further, on the right side of the Municipal Park,
there is the Galerias de São Francisco: this shopping area is the most recent one of all those
in the city centre; it is also quite small, but there are some nice shops, fruit and snack bars
and it has a connection to the Madeira Wine Company (or Blandy’s Wine Lodge), which
you
can
visit
at
the
same
time.
Near the Cathedral, in the heart of the city centre, you’ll find two of the longer established,
small shopping centres, Tavira and Sé, with much diversified shops and interesting offers.
Continuing your way towards the market, before crossing the streets Rua 31 de Janeiro
and Rua 5 de Outubro, you will find the Bazar do Povo, the only department store
Funchal’s, which, with its wooden floors and spacious wooden stairs, is still maintaining its
‘good, old world charm’ from the time when it was opened.
Anadia Shopping, you will find to the left at the end of the street Rua Fernão Ornelas,
opposite
the
local
market
in
the
old
town.
Still in the centre, but a bit further east of Funchal in the street Rua do Bom Jesus, you will
find the small shopping centre Europa, which due to its location is mainly frequented by
locals and therefore maintains a nice local touch. A totally different ambiance and
shopping opportunities you will find in the Monumental Lido shopping centre, very
centrally located in the hotel zone of the Lido area! On the same area, at the Ajuda area,
there’s
the
shopping
centre
Forum
Madeira.
And last but not least, there is the biggest shopping centre on the island …the Madeira
Shopping,
which
is
situated
in
the
heights
of
Funchal.
Main Shopping Streets in Funchal’s City Centre
Here are some of Funchal's most established shopping streets with very diversified shops
and interesting offers: Avenida Arriaga, Avenida Zarco, Rua da Carreira, Rua de João Tavira,
Rua da Queimada de Cima, Rua da Queimada de Baixo, Rua dos Ferreiros, Rua Fernão
Ornelas… Just take a city map and set out to find that special little something for you to
take home!
However, also strolling along Funchal’s narrow back streets can be a very pleasant
shopping experience as you will be surprised to discover some attractive, little shops
hidden there!
Madeira Souvenir Shopping
Wicker products are offered everywhere in the city of Funchal – you will find one at Rua da
Carreira - and all over the island, but the main centre for wicker products with the biggest
choice is located in the village of Camacha.
Embroidery shops – often connected with a factory – are to be found everywhere in the
city centre of Funchal.
There are several specialised Madeira Wine Lodges and Shops in Funchal and surrounding
areas, where Madeira Wine tasting is offered, and where your purchases will be
professionally packed for safe transport home (such as Diogo’s Wine Shop, Madeira Wine
Company, Oliveiras).
Madeira flowers, such as orchids, birds of paradise, king proteas, flamingo flowers etc…
are the favourite souvenir to take back home to make the holiday feeling last a little bit
longer. These flowers can be purchased anywhere in Funchal, at the local market, the
flower stands in the city centre or the flower shops. In all these selling points they will pack
your flowers in special boxes for a safe transport for you to enjoy them back home as long
as they last.
MADEIRA
MADEIRA GASTRONOMY
Madeira's cuisine is typically Mediterranean, with plenty of fish, olive oil and garlic.
The seas surrounding Madeira are extremely productive and full of marine life. Espada, or
scabbard fish, is the island's most traditional dish. Despite its terrifying appearance, this
long, sharp-teethed, wide-eyed fish provides a tasty meal of white, flaky flesh, often served
with
sliced
banana
or
a
delicious
wine
and
vinegar
marinade.
Locally-caught atum (tuna) is usually grilled as a meaty steak served with slices of lemon.
Other popular fish dishes on the island include grouper (garopa), red mullet (salmonete)
and swordfish (espadarte).
The island's most famous meat dish is espetada, comprising several cubes of meat
(normally beef), onions, tomatoes and peppers cooked over an open wood fire.
Another mainstay of the region's gastronomy is fried cornmeal (milho frito), often served
as an accompaniment to main dishes.
The Madeirans grow a wonderful range of tropical fruits, most of which are displayed in
Funchal's daily market. Visitors can buy locally-grown avocados, kiwi fruits, mangoes,
papayas and figs, as well as custard apples, guavas, passion fruit, pitangas, loquat and
tomarillo.
You can do a great "expedition" through the gastronomy during your stay in this Island.
You have several typical specialities that it is possible to you to taste one each day.
As far as aperitifs are concerned we stand out the "Periwinkles Burriés", the gaiado (salted
or dried) and limpets.
As said before, one of the more original and appreciated dishes is the espetada, therefore
many restaurants have iron structures on the centre of the tables where it is hung the
laurel stick with the well-prepared and grilled cubes of meat.
As far as meat dishes are concerned, you will enjoy the carne de vinho e alhos (Pork spiced
with wine and garlic) or the cozido madeirense (a dish with boiled pork, chicken, steak,
vegetables accompanied with sweet potato and rice).
The fish dishes are the Boiled Tuna fish or the Tuna fish Steak, the Scabbard fish is famous
in Madeira for its delicious taste, as well as, the cavala com molho de vilão (grilled mackerel
with a typical sauce made of onion, vinegar and some spices).
As garnish to these three dishes, we suggest the boiled or fried maize, home made bread
with sweet potato and the bolo do caco.
Bolo do Caco is typical bread, made with wheat flour. It is called caco because it is cooked
on a tile's shard, called by the Madeira people caco which is put over the embers. It is
round and flat bread, typical on country festivities and is done in the presence of the
people.
The Madeira pastry has a wide list of choice that goes from the Honey Cake, typical at
Christmas season, made of sugar cane molasses and which is hand cut. Other specialities
are the Sugar Cane Molasses Biscuits, Small Cheesecakes and Fennel Candies.
Madeira is also rich in tropical fruits, such as banana, sweetsop, passion fruit, papaya, and
avocado pear among other. The avocado can be used in several things such as soups,
salads and cocktails as well as dessert with sugar and Madeira Wine.
Traditional and popular drinks
•
Poncha
This drink is often made of sugar cane rum, sugar cane honey, and lemon juice. Poncha is
drunk in the cold of the winter or in Christmas season.
•
Nikita
This drink is common in Câmara de Lobos and is prepared in a centrifugal machine. It is
used white wine, vanilla ice cream, pineapple and sugar. At the end we add white beer.
•
Quentinha
Coffee with sugarcane rum, sugar and lemon peal.
These last two drinks are mostly served in the winter or when the weather is cold. All of
them, nowadays, are substituted by snacks.
•
Pé de Cabra
It is a mixture of dry wine with black beer, sugar, and lemon peal and powder chocolate.
•
Sangria
This drink must be drunk very chilled and it consists of red wine, lemonade, orange juice,
sugar and fine cuts of fruit (orange, lemon, apple and peppermint leaves).
•
Cortadinho
Coffee with dry wine and lemon peal.
•
Cidra
It is a light drink, with low alcohol graduation, good tasting and refreshing during the hot
days of the summer.
It is made of apple, which is smashed by wooden fulling mill. Its fermentation is done in
wooden casks.
•
Liquers
There is a wide variety of liqueurs, such as:
Liqueur of Anise, of Sweetsop, of Loquat, of Beer, of Peppermint, of Passion Fruit, of Brazil
Cherry, of Sugar Cane Honey, of Sculling Oar, of Banana, among many others. They are
better appreciated during Christmas season, accompanied with Honey Cake and broas
MADEIRA WINE
History
Wine production on the island is of utmost importance, for it is the wine that made
Madeira known all over the world. Prince Henry the Navigator probably introduced the
first vines to Madeira during initial colonisation of the island. Jesuit priests managed the
first
wine
trading
and
they
owned
large
properties
and
vineyards.
The monastic order attained great economic power and had a huge influence over the
islanders, both social and spiritual. The greatest impetus to the wine industry was initiated
by the English in the latter half of the 18th century. Export was developed and many
foreign countries bought Madeira wine.
Today there are many different varieties of Madeira wine. The dry wines such as Sercial and
Verdelho are delicious as chilled aperitifs. The sweeter wines are served with dessert and
the richest wine, the Malmsey, is an excellent after-dinner drink.
Madeira wine is so diverse that it is served at any time of the day with practically any type
of food. In order to keep the quality of this precious wine during the long sea voyages, it
was fortified with the addition of brandy. Experimentation showed that by heating the
casks of wine (a process called estufagem), the wine was not only preserved but also
acquires a unique burnt flavour, which enhanced the taste considerably.
One intriguing snippet from the history books tells of the Duke of Clarence, who after
imprisonment in the tower of London under sentence of death, chose to be drowned in a
barrel of Madeira wine.
The Beginning
Vines of Candia in Crete set the stage for the development of Madeira wines. The vines
planted there would eventually be the first of four main varieties that would find its
descendants flourish and evolve on the yet undiscovered and uninhabited island of
Madeira.
During the 13th
century Venice had been dominating the commerce of the
Mediterranean, including the wine trade. Noticeably, England and other Northern
European countries of the time participated vigorously in trade for this much sought after
commodity. The market was very strong for the sweet taste of this excellent variety of
wine. Unfortunately, there are not many records showing the outward expansion of the
seed of the Candia to other regions of post middle-ages Europe, except to say that as the
merchants of Venice and Genoa spread their operations across Europe they took with
them their resources and assets that would develop their interests further.
The Portuguese Initiative
In the 15th century Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal was quick to see the
advantages of developing Madeira as an island vineyard. He sent the Malvasia vine to the
recently discovered island and ordered the production of wines to commence. Soon
enough England no longer had to deal with a monopoly by Venice. New wines started
showing promise on Madeira and it became advantageous for the English to switch their
trade to the Island where they could get wines of the same level of quality.
During this time "Malmsey" became the English word for Malvasia.
Malvasia Boal vines from
Burgundy, were called Bual and the vines imported from the Rhineland, Riesling, were
called Sercial.
Sercial However, the origin of Verdelho vines is not precisely known. All these
wines would later be called by their generic name "Madeira”.
What did the Venetians think of the competition?
competition ?
The Venetian Cadamosto,
Cadamosto not likely to have been happy about the success of the
Madeira adventure, tried to remain objective in his writings about the economic
developments of the island during the middle of the 15th century.
He spoke of the progress of the wine and the sugarcane, mentioning that the vines had
been imported from Candia by Prince Henry's orders and he could see the impact of the
wines on the European commercial markets. According to Cadamosto, bunches of grapes
were reaching the size of 80 (sic) centimetres!
During the sixteenth century the old sailing boats that were used to traverse the oceans to
and from places like India, China, or Japan rolled back and forth like a piston in an internal
combustion engine. Fortunately for the wine, this hot and furious chamber of energy did
not help immediately invent the car. What it did do, however, was to invent something just
as fortuitous as the vehicle of the twentieth century would be: the design of wine by the
“hot sauna” or estufa method.
The hardy barrels of Madeira wine seemed to have enjoyed the ride to India, they came
home in better shape than what they had been upon first departure. Their "sauna bath" in
the hold was a healthy exercise and improved their good nature. The ships used to sail east
to India, around the Cape of Good Hope, passed over the equator subjecting the barrels of
wine to sizzling temperatures. Some barrels that would not be sold were
returned to Funchal and, when tasted, were found to be superior to wines not taking these
extended voyages.
An ordinary sailor
sailor was apparently responsible for the find.
find The boat on which he was
sailing was carrying crates from Funchal which, for some unknown reason, were refused in
Hong Kong. Shortly before returning to Madeira, the captain ordered that the barrels of
"spoilt" wine be thrown overboard. The sailor - and who could blame him - thinking this a
tragic waste, opened a cask and tried some of the wine destined to be tipped away. His
face lit up as the first taste touched his lips and trickled over his palate. Over the course of
the voyage the grape had been tipped in another, completely new, but positive direction
and soon the wines were called "Returned Wine" or "India Circuit Wine",
Wine" among a variety
of catchy names that added to the wine's growing popularity in every port.
At the time, the general consensus of opinion was that the secret behind this special wine
had to be somewhere along the journey over the equator. Was it the rocking of the ship
that had done the trick or the great difference between the temperatures recorded during
the day and those at night? Or had sea water, either when transporting the wine on to the
ship or else just splashing around in the stern, managed to penetrate the barrels of
Madeira? Perhaps it was a combination of various factors which contributed towards the
new taste. Even today there is no logical, scientific reason for the change from an
ordinary sweet table wine to Madeira wine as we know it. One thing is certain, however,
and that is that no other wine would put up with such rough treatment
treatment.
reatment Naturally,
people endeavoured to get round the necessity of transporting the wine over the equator
by trying out all sorts of alternatives, including some which were very strange. There is one
story which tells of a man who hung a barrel over the entrance to his office so that every
customer that came to visit him had to move it before entering. But even this simple and
original technique proved - fortunately for the customers one might add - not to work.
Thus the barrels were shipped back and forth
for th over the equator until 1794 when a
technique was discovered of artificially heating the wine in large ovens or wine hot
houses,
houses called estufas in Portuguese.
EMBROIDERY
History and development:
Embroidery was brought to the island in the 15th century by the first colonisers, like other
traditions that they had, from the place where they came from. Until the 19th century no
importance was given to the embroidery. Then, in April 1850, there was the Madeira
Industry Exhibition where the embroidery was introduced to the public.
A year later, it had its first presence in a foreign country, when Madeira was represented in
a industry exhibition in London, by invitation of Queen Victory.
In 1852, a British resident in Madeira, Miss Elizabeth Phelps, started the business of
Embroidery, taking some with her, to present it to her friends when she went to London.
Embroidery started to be produced in large scale on the island, due to the demand of the
English market and also because of the “oidium” disease that struck the vines, between
1852 and 1862 and decreased the wine exportation.
First, the embroidery was sold privately but sooner, two british brothers, Frank and Robert
Wilkinson, established themselves in Madeira to start their own business, exporting
embroidery on a much larger scale to England.
By this time, 1858-1860, over than 1000 women were employed in the industry, especially
women from the countryside, the outworkers, to whom the embroidery was a way of
being busy when they finished their housekeeping and the work on the land. For these
women it was a way of earning money to improve their way of life.
Until 1878, the embroidery exportation increased but, in 1880, it suffered a decrease
because the English market reached saturation point of this kind of fashion. But it was still
very significant the money that the island was profiting, from selling embroidery works to
the tourists that visited the island and wanted to take a souvenir for them and their friends.
Several embroidery factories established in Funchal, most of them English but, in 1890, the
first German embroidery exportation houses, settled down in Funchal. This situation was
really good for the embroidery Industry. As the exportation was in a not very good
moment due to the lack of embroidery consumption markets, it started to be exported not
only to German but also to the United States of America and other countries.
The result of this was an increase in the production, a fact that brought benefits not only to
the rural economy but also to the region’s economy.
Between 1900 and 1919 the exportations made by Customs were high, showing the
importance of this industry to Madeira. In 1906, there were, 30.000 outworkers in Madeira;
in 1924, 45.000 and in 1950, 60.000.
The First World War, between 1914 and 1918, brought serious problems to embroidery
Industry. The German market closed, and in the United States the orders were reduced,
what led to a decrease in the production and in the number of outworkers and embroidery
houses. After the War, the production started to increase again.
In 1923, there were in Funchal, about 100 embroidery houses, with exportations to the
United States, England, South Africa, Canada, France, etc.
Influences:
Madeira Embroidery, as it is known today, suffered influences not only from several
countries such as England, France, Milan and German, but also from different periods such
as the Renaissance, Rococo and Baroque. The result of this miscellany was the finest, the
beauty and the perfection of these hand-made embroidery works which take many hours
of work and dedication.
To the different stitches was given a name, such as eyelets, garanitos (small relieves),
rosettes, stars, viúvas and cavacas, richelieu stitch, etc.
The feature process:
•
The embroidery materials are imported as well as some of its designs and
some are made by stylists.
•
The design is transferred onto the tracing paper and pierced by a
“picador”, a machine that makes tiny holes on the paper, along the traced
lines of the design.
•
After, the tracing paper is put on the top of the cloth, ready to be stamped
by a cloth soaked in blue dye. The design is in this way transferred to the
material (linen, cotton or silk), and sent to embroidereses.
•
When the outworkers finish it, they are sent back to the factory where the
open work flowers and patterns are cut out.
•
It is then, washed and ironed, ready to carry a seal to prove it is genuine
Madeira embroidery.
A considerable number of embroidery is exported to the United States and Europe, with
Italy being our number one buyer.
All this process is under the control of the Instituto de Bordados , Tapeçaria e Artesanato
da Madeira (Madeira Institute of Embroidery, Tapestry and Handicrafts).
Utilities/Uses:
Madeira Embroidery can be used wherever one can imagine like for example:
-
sheets
-
hand towels
-
dresses
-
bride-dresses
-
lady bags
-
shirts
-
night-shirts
-
handkerchiefs
-
tablecloths
-
decoration pieces, such as, ashtrays, trays, wall-clocks, among others.
MADEIRA TAPESTRY
Among thousand colours like blue, yellow, red, women
stitch by stitch fill canvas with landscapes, flowers,
painting reproductions and faces like a brush stroke.
This historical Madeira tapestry, which gave origin to a
real artistic activity, is a result of a free time occupation or
a result of subsistence work.
The use of this kind of handicraft into an economically
fruitful activity had its origins with the German family
Kiebeken. Paul Max Kiebeken, in 1938, decided to create
an atelier of tapestries. This way he diversified the embroidery factory production, which
he had at Funchal.
He put his son, Herbert Kiebeken, managing this atelier. Beauty and quality of the
tapestries are a result of his artistic versatility together with the ability of the
embroideresses.
This small atelier due to the success of production improved both the trade volume and
workers number.
There are several enterprises that dedicate to this activity. Together with embroidery,
these industries have a detached place in the economical Madeira living.
How is done a tapestry in Madeira?
The process is like an impressionist painting.
Woollen thread replaced each brush stroke and the painter is replaced by a professional,
who based on a painting, embroiders the original at the atelier.
According to what it is pretended to be produced, the craftsman varies his technique in
stitches big, small, goblin or basting stitches.
The wool came from away, generally from Australia. Before arriving at Madeira, it passes in
other places to be treated and dyed in a way that it resists to time and clothes moth.
The original is reproduced and
the wool is chosen at the
factory. Then it goes to the
country where the women fill
the new cross-stitch canvas.
Often the reproductions are
done by order.
After
finishing,
the
work
returns again to the factory,
where it is verified, ironed and finished off.
Then it receives the guarantee seal affixed by the Madeira Embroidery, Tapestry and
Handicraft Institute (IBTAM).
Madeira tapestry is employed and used in handbags, chair covers panels, carpets and
cushions. It will pass generation to generation since the material quality together with the
workers proficiency is the best guarantee.
BIRDWATCHING IN MADEIRA
Bird Watching is an activity which has more than 80 million adepts over the world. In the
last years, this activity has developed greatly in Madeira, due to the excellent conditions
for its practice.
In Madeira archipelago there are 42 breeding species and three of them are endemic to
Madeira Island: the Zino’s Petrel
Petrel (Petrodroma madeira) the most threatened seabird of
Europe that only breeds on the highest mountains of Madeira; the Madeira Laurel Pigeon
(Columba trocaz) that is strongly associated with Laurel Forest where it feeds from the
Laurel berries; and the Madeira Firecrest (Regulus ignicapillus madeirensis) the smallest
bird that occurs on the archipelago. Besides these species there are also four birds that
only exists on Macaronesia (bio geographic region which includes Madeira, Azores, Canary
and Cape Verde archipelagos): the Feae’s Petrel (Pterodroma feae) seabird that only
breeds on Desertas Islands, in Bugio, and Cape Verde; the Canary (Serinus canaria) one of
the most common birds on Madeira that also exists on Azores and Canaries; the
Berthelot’s Pipit
Pipit (Anthus berthelotii) and the Plain Swift (Apus unicolor) both only occur
in the archipelagos of Madeira and Canaries.
But the total number of birds that could be observed here is much higher, probably
around 220 species.
The numbers of European birdwatchers that visit the Madeira archipelago have increased
in recent years and one of the reasons is the excellent opportunity for watching seabirds
from the mainland or boat crossings between the nearby islands. In Madeira it is possible
to find several seabirds that are not use to be found in other European regions such as
Cory’s Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea), Little Shearwater (Puffinus assimilis) and
Madeira Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma castro). Madeira Archipelago offers excellent
conditions to birdwatchers, not only in terms of breeding birds but also vagrants. Here is
our breeding species and subspecies:
Madeira Endemic Species
Species
Zino's Petrel (Pterodroma madeira)
Trocaz Pigeon (Columba trocaz)
Madeira Firecrest (Regulus madeirensis)
Madeira Endemic Subspecies
Barn Owl (Tyto alba schmitzi)
Buzzard (Buteo buteo harterti)
Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs madeirensis)
Grey Wagtail (Motacilla cinerea schmitzi)
Linnet (Carduelis cannabina guentheri)
Rock Sparrow (Petronia petronia madeirensis)
Macaronesia Endemic Species
Canary (Serinus canaria)
Fea's Petrel (Pterodroma feae)
Macaronesian Shearwater (Puffinus baroli)
Madeira Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma castro)
Plain Swift (Apus unicolor)
Berthelot's Pipit (Anthus berthelotti)
Macaronesia Endemic Subspecies
Blackbird (Turdus merula cabrerae)
Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla heineken / obscura)
Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis parva)
Kestrel (Falco tinuncullus canariensis)
Quail (Coturnix coturnix confisa)
Rock Dove (Columba livia atlantis)
Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus granti)
Spectacled Warbler (Sylvia conspicilatta orbitalis)
Cory's Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea borealis)
Manx Shearwater (Puffinus puffinus puffinus)
White-faced Storm Petrel (Pelagodroma marina hypoleuca)
Yellow-legged Gull (Larus cachinnans atlantis)
Widespread Species
Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris aurantiiventri)
Hoopoe (Upupa epops)
Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus)
Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)
Pallid Swift (Apus pallidus brehmorum)
Red-legged Partrigde (Alectoris rufa hispanica)
Robin (Erithacus rubecula rubecula)
Spanish Sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis)
Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)
Bulwer's Petrel (Bulweria bulwerii)
Common Tern (Sterna hirundo)
Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii)
Waxbill (Estrilda astrild)
Main Routes in Madeira
Ponta de São Lourenço
Beginning at Funchal, drive towards Machico along the highway passing by the airport.
Once in Machico, you can bird-watch at the bay and the small river (ribeira) at the town
centre. Terns and gulls can be seen here. Once there, follow directions towards Caniçal.
Beyond the village of Caniçal, there is a road that leads to a car park, from there onwards
the area becomes part of the Natural Park of Madeira, and the track has to be done on foot.
It takes about three hours one way. Many Macaronesia or Madeira subspecies (Rock
Sparrows, Berthelot’s Pipits, Whimbrel, Spanish sparrow, several species of gulls, Goldfinch,
wagtails, Canary, migrants such as Wheatear etc.), can be seen here.
At the end of the path, you will find the warden’s house. Here you can go east and climb a
peak with a magnificent view over the island or go towards the sea until you reach a small
harbour. From this area, look for Cory’s Shearwater, Manx Shearwater, Little Shearwater
and sometimes some dolphins. It is also possible go for a walk along the beach.
Ponta da Cruz
This is the southernmost tip of Madeira and an urban sea-watching point. Take the ER101
west from Funchal until you find a sign for “Centromar”. Down this road you’ll find a
parking lot in front a restaurant and nearby a small concrete platform next to some palm
trees. Ponta da Cruz is by far the best sea-watching point in Funchal: Cory’s Shearwater,
Bulwer’s Petrel, Little Shearwater, Manx Shearwater and sometimes Madeira Storm-Petrel,
Fea’s Petrel and White-faced Storm-Petrel can be spotted here.
You can also walk there from the “Lido” (a public beach) that finishes at Ponta da Cruz. It is
a very attractive route, along gardens and with nice views over the sea and cliffs.
Porto Moniz
Take the highway towards Ribeira Brava. Then, follow the information signs that show the
way to São Vicente. Once there, take the road to the village centre, where you will find a
bridge. Go left on that bridge and follow that road until the end. Be careful because it’s a
winding road!
Porto Moniz is the northernmost point of the island. This is probably the best sea-watching
site on Madeira. Go to the coach parking lot, overlooking the natural swimming pools and
look for a concrete wall, a good place to watch from. Here you could find: Fea´s Petrel,
Bulwer’s Petrel, Cory’s Shearwater, Sooty Shearwater, Balearic Shearwater, Little
Shearwater and Manx Shearwater. If lucky, it is also possible to see some whales and
dolphins.
Ponta do Pargo
Follow the directions to Porto Moniz and once there, go south, up the mountain until
Santa do Porto Moniz. Here you will find some signs that lead you to Ponta do Pargo.
Ponta do Pargo has a very diverse birdlife. Because it is a very remote area, it has not
changed over recent years and mixed woodland, agricultural fields and derelict houses
define the landscape. Almost every species of passerines that occur in Madeira can be
observed here. Seabirds like Madeira Storm-Petrel and Cory’s Shearwater can also be seen
here. Sometimes trans-Saharan migrants make a resting stop here.
Balcões
Follow the directions towards Ribeiro Frio (well-marked on almost every Madeira map) and
once you are there, you will be already inside the laurel forest.
Along the path you will see many laurel forest species. Then, the watch point at Balcões,
overlooking an impressive landscape with hillsides covered with laurel forest, provides the
best viewpoint. Trocaz Pigeons are easily seen here, but also Madeira Sparrowhawk,
Kestrel, Buzzard, Madeira Firecrest, Chaffinch and Robin.
Main routes in Porto Santo
Porto Santo West
This area covers the west and north sides of Pico Ana Ferreira and Pico das Flores,
including the west coast of Porto Santo. There are several roads to explore the area and
they are clearly marked on maps.
Along this area, birds include Spectacled Warbler and Hoopoe, uncommon birds in the
archipelago. Canaries, Plain Swifts and Berthelot's Pipits abound here.
In winter, this is an area with an unusual and significant population of Common Starling,
Sky Lark and Whimbrel.
There are some small islands close to the main island of Porto Santo (Ilhéu de Cima, Ilhéu
de Baixo, Ilhéu de Ferro) all classified as IBA, however, they cannot be visited without
permission from the local authorities and the Natural Park.
Sea Watching - Pelagic Tours
Many sea-watching companies operate from the Marina (Funchal). Most popular routes
include the marine reserve of Garajau, Cabo Girão, and the Desertas Islands. These routes
are probably the best ones for seawatching. SPEA Madeira organises regular trips to the
Desertas, and also collaborates with tour operators organising bird-watching trips around
Madeira. The “Lobo Marinho II” covers the route Funchal-Porto Santo-Funchal, every day,
offering very good views of the archipelago and seabirds from the upper deck.
When to go
go
Birdwatchers usually come to Madeira looking for rare seabirds, and the endemic species
and subspecies of landbirds. Most of them are resident so it’s possible to find them almost
every year.
The best season for seabirds watching is from late April to October.
Other Information
• Foreign Birdwatching Reports and Information Service, 6 Skipton Crescent, Berkeley
Pendesham, Worcester, WR4 0LG. Tel: 01905 454541.
• SPEA, Sociedade Portuguesa para o estudo das Aves (Portuguese Society for the
Study of Birds), is by far, the best point of contact for birdwatchers on Madeira. Do not
hesitate to contact them, when searching for information and bird news – they speak
Portuguese, English and Spanish. The Madeira office was opened in 1998 and despite
its small size, it has already co-ordinated and helped with many bird studies and
communication activities.
Spea – Madeira
Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves
Travessa das Torres, 2-A, 1º Andar
Tel.: +351 291 241 210
Fax.: +351 291 241 210
Mobile: +351 96 723 21 95
E-mail: madeira@spea.pt
spea.madeira@sapo.pt
Http: www.spea.pt
• The web-site www.camacdonald.com/birding/birding.htm is an excellent site for
bird-watching information across the world, containing species checklists, site
information, rare bird alerts, tours etc, and links to many other sites.
• www.surfbirds.com contains a good range of trip reports and links to birding sites
worldwide
• www.fatbirder.com includes lots of ornithological info including links to birding sites
across the world, books and maps for each destination and many local contacts.
• www.megabytedata.com/MB064/index.htm This multilingual bird directory has a
bird name translator in 26 languages
Other sites:
sites:
•
www.madeiranature.com
•
www.madeirabirds.com
•
www.venturadomar.com
Field guides:
guides:
The Birds of Britain and Europe with North Africa and the Middle East
By H Heinzel, R Fitter & J Parslow
Published by HarperCollins, 1995
A conservação e Gestão das Aves do Arquipelago da Madeira
By Paulo Oliveira
Published by the Parque Natural da Madeira.
A birdwatchers’ guide to Portugal and Madeira
By C.C. Moore, G. Elias & H. Costa
Published by Prion Ltd. Perry, available at SPEA offices and bookstores in Portugal.
Endemic Flora of Madeira
Roberto Jardim e David Francisco
Published by Múchia Publicações
Flora of Madeira
By J R Press & M J Short
Published 1994
Birds of the Atlantic Islands,
Islands, Vol I - A history of the birds of the Canary Islands and of
the Salvages,
Salvages, Vol II - A history of the birds of Madeira, the Desertas, and the Porto
Santo Islands
By D A Bannerman
Published by Oliver & Boyd, 1963 & 1965, out of print.
A very complete account of the birds - not a field guide
WHALE AND DOLPHIN WATCHING IN MADEIRA
The Atlantic waters around Madeira Islands are frequently visited by varied species of
Whales and Dolphins. The oceanographic and ecological characteristics of the Madeira
Archipelago, namely the food availability in the archipelagos sea, in comparison to the
high seas, and its sub-marine topography (characterized great depths next to the coast),
make this archipelago a very privileged place in the occurrences of cetaceans, of which 22
species were already sighted at different frequencies.
The Whales pass by Madeira Islands in the spring, during their migration to the North, and
in the autumn, during their migration to the South. These animals have huge dimensions;
depending on the species, adults may vary between 8 and 30m in length and 8 to 160
tons.
Dolphins also use the Madeira waters as a passage point (for feeding and reproduction) or,
in the case of same species - like the Bottlenose Dolphins -, as a permanent residence. In
1986, a decree-law for the cetacean protection was implemented in the Madeira
Archipelago, with the purpose of terminating its capture and death.
There are around 70 species of Whales + Dolphins in the world. Of those, more than 10
species may be watched regularly around Madeira Islands, some of which are quite rare.
The most spotted Dolphins around Madeira Islands are the following:
In the summer:
•
Big groups of Atlantic Spotted Dolphins (March to October)
•
Big groups of Bottlenose Dolphins (these are common all year round, as they
“live” in Madeira Islands)
In the winter:
•
Big groups of Common Dolphins (often seen during Winter and Spring, mainly
from January to July)
•
Some groups of Spotted Dolphins, who stay around the island
•
Bottlenose Dolphins who “live” in Madeira and some dolphins who follow the Pilot
Whales
Apart from the above-mentioned, there are several other species of “oceanic mammals”
who visit Madeira Islands regularly:
•
Brydes Whale (usually seen between June and October)
•
Fin Whale (it is frequently seen during the spring and summer months)
•
Sperm Whale (this specie uses the Madeira waters any time of the year, but mainly
from March to September)
•
Pilot Whale (Its presence in the region is common; this specie uses the Madeira
waters from January to February and April to October)
•
Sei Whale (frequent during the spring and summer months)
•
various kinds of Beaked Whales
•
Humpback Whale (may be seen during migration in the spring and autumn
months)
•
Killer Whale (although this species' frequency in the Madeira Archipelago is
reduced, it has already been seen in different seasons of the year)
•
False Killer Whale (It uses the regions waters solely as passage point and/or for
feeding)
•
Striped Dolphin (from February to May and July to September)
•
Rough Tooth Dolphin (the scarce sightings have occurred during the summer
months)
•
Risso’s Dolphin (It uses the regions waters to feed, from June to October).
SCUBADIVING
There are two main ways of diving: Free-diving, using only a mask and a breathing set, and
Autonomous diving, where the main difference is in the possibility of staying under water
for long periods using a pressure diving cylinder to breathe.
The mild weather, the sea water temperature between 17 and 24ºC, the clear waters and
the passivity of the fishes, accustomed to the divers, make of Madeira a place more and
more in the route of the diving practice.
One of the reference points to dive is the Reserva do Garajau* , a rich biologic spot
offering unique conditions as a protected space with great scientific, recreation and tourist
interest. As an example, there is the great number of visitors, specially diving amateurs,
which come to this place all over the year.
Among the resident sea fauna, we have large fishes, for example the Dusky Grouper
(Epinephelus marginatus) which are a visit card of this Reserve, besides a great diversity of
other coastal species such as the White Sea Bream (Diplodus sargus) and the
Mediterranean Moray (Muraena Helena), not forgetting the interesting Garden Eels
colonies (Taenioconger longissimus), which hide themselves in the deep see sands.
In the summer, groups of Urjamantas (Mobula mobular) have been observed. Its aspect
and graciosity of movements make of this place and international attraction. Also in the
summer, we can see flocks of Rudderfish (Seriola zonata) and with some luck Turltles
(Caretta caretta) passing by.
There are several diving schools and leisure firms which have diving courses for every level
and organize diving excursions for more experienced divers.
* Parcial do Garajau Nature Reserve
The Madeira Nature Reserve was created in 1982 in order to preserve a huge natural
heritage, which is part of the world's heritage and includes some species in danger of
extinction, as well as some high quality human habitats. It has been classified as
Bioenergetic Reserve and it contains flora and fauna unique in the whole world. The
Reserve covers a large proportion of Madeira Island (about two thirds of its territory),
including areas of total and partial natural preservation, protected landscapes and leisure
zones.
*Parcial do Garajau Nature Reserve was created in 1986, is on the south coast of Madeira
Island, at the extreme east of Funchal Bay. It is a marine park that includes a strip running
from the high tide line and into the sea to a depth of 50 metres. Amongst the fauna of this
park are larger fish such as the Epinephelus guaza (mero in Portuguese) and also a variety
of other coastal species. Groups of Atlantic manta rays (manta birostris) can be seen here
every year. Their size and graceful movement has transformed the area into an
international attraction. Any fishing activity is forbidden inside the park. Navigation is also
highly controlled. Only small boats are allowed to approach the beaches. There is
infrastructure and support for skin-diving.
Places to Scubadive:
Scubadive:
Pão de Açúcar (Garajau)
It is an emerging rock from the ocean which shows a great variety of fauna and flora.
Garajau Bay
Dusky Grouper (the biggest on the island), flocks of tuna fish, huge stingrays, barracuda
schoo, amber jacks and many schools of fishes are an unforgettable experience.
Garajau Este
It has a great variety of fish, among which a big Dusky Grouper shines and we can also see
the amusing Trompeta fish and colonies of colourful sponges.
T- reef
Only 400 m after the diving area Garajau there is another highlight of this region: it is a
two pinnacles project from 30 m depth up to 12 m below the water surface. Here you can
find congers, morays, locus lobsters, stingrays and baracuda. It is a great diving place
which always offers surprises.
Reis Magos
It is a privilege place for night-diving. The dive is accessible directly from land and on the
edge of the reef we find an enormous diversity of nocturnal marine life, all very visible in
the spotlights.
Machico
A cone down to 35 m as well as a fantastic steep face attract with whip corals and
innumerable black corals. They give this diving area a tropical character.
Wreck
Wreck located at the harbour of Funchal,
Funchal only 18 minutes away by boat. At the harbour of
Funchal, the 80 year old Pronto lies in a depth of 32 m. With its 33 m length this wreck is
not too large, however, there are many fishes and low animals.
Clube Naval do Funchal
Smooth down to 12m and then vertically until 24m down, giving shelter to morays,
parrotfish and barracudas.
O Madeirense (Porto Santo)
Old skeleton of a ship, specifically sunk for the amusement of divers in 2000. It is a reef full
of life. This boat linked once Porto Santo and Madeira for decades. After 4 years, hundreds
of divers have visited this wreck.
Bom Rei (Madalena do Mar)
This vessel skeleton, resulting from a wreck, has become a very rich reef, arising from its
35m almost until the water level. Here, there can be found, morays and many other
species.
Scuba Diving Schools and Companies
The Manta Diving Center
Located in Caniço de Baixo, directly on the bathing resort of the Galo Resort Hotels, this
diving center can be easily reached with an elevator. This diving center is located in front
of underwater national park of Madeira and only a few steps away from the domestic reef.
There are a great variety of species due to the warm waters of the gulf stream and the
protection of the underwater national park. It can almost be compared to tropical waters.
Caves and grottos, large groupers, baracudas, trigger and parrot fishes, with a little bit of
luck, also mantas directly at the domestic reef can also be found.
Training and diving courses are also possible.
Manta Diving
Divin g Center
Galoresort Hotels, Galomar
Rua Robert Baden Powell
9125 036 Caniço De Baixo
Madeira, Portugal
Tel.and Fax: + 351 291 935 588
Contact: stefan@mantadiving.com
http://www.mantadiving.com
Tubarão Madeira Mergulho,Lda
Hotel Pestana Palms
Rua do Gorgulho
9000-107 Funchal
Tel.: +351 291 794 124
tubarão.madeira@netmadeira.com
www.scuba-madeira.com
This diving centre is opened since 1st of May 2001, is situated next to the waterfront
(about 10 m from the water).
Porto Santo Sub
Clube Naval do Porto Santo
9400-080 Porto santo
Tel.: + 351 916 033 997
Fax: + 351 291 983 259
www.portosantosub.com
portosantosub@sapo.pt
Dom Pedro
Pe dro Garajau ***
Estrada do Garajau, 131, 9125-067 Caniço, Madeira
Tel.: +351 291 930 800
Fax: +351 291 930 801
E-mail: garajau.reservations@dompedro.com
Madeira Dive Point
RalfHein&WilfriedPilzer
HotelMadeiraCarlton
LargoAntonioNobre
9004-531Funchal
Madeira/Portugal
Tel.:+351291239579
Mobile: +351917736396(Wilfried)
Móbil: +351919151256(Ralf)
Web: www.madeiradivepoint.com
MADEIRA ISLANDS BIG GAME FISHERY
The
Madeira
Island
Fishery has a rich but
relatively short history.
The
fishery
was
discovered some 30 years
ago and visiting anglers
have
traditionally
targeted Blue Marlin, Big
eye tuna and shark. Dr.
Antonio
Ribeiro
supposedly
the
was
first
person to catch a blue
marlin off Madeira bringing ashore a fish of 740 pounds in 1973. His sons Antonio and Joe
to this day religiously fish for Blue Marlin and carry on in their fathers footsteps.
Madeira
has
over
the
past
years
has
produced
some
of
the
world’s
largest blue marlin, which is also reflected by the results of the annual July 4th Blue
Marlin World Cup.
Cup Madeira was World Cup winner in 1995, 1996, 1997 and narrowly
missed the World Cup fish in 2000.
The marlin season in Madeira runs from May through to October, with a fish average of
about 700 lbs.
lbs About one in every ten is that fish of a lifetime, a grander blue marlin. These
huge creatures swim in its predominantly calm blue waters, with the run to reach these
leviathans being practically non - existent. In fact it is not uncommon to catch fish within
1 kilometre of leaving the marina! Add to this a delightful temperate climate in which to
fish, and all of this set in a safe, civilised European environment you'll see why if there is no
finer Atlantic Blue marlin fishery. For these reasons now some of the most famous names
in fishing such as Stewart Campbell,
Campbell Jerry Dunaway,
Dunaway James Roberts,
Roberts Tracey Melton
regularly make their way to Madeira for the summers and those world record fish….
As Madeira's warm blue waters change to a cooler green the fishing also undergoes a
transformation. The marlins gradually leave, replaced by shoals of bigbig- eye tuna and
albacore.
albacore These pelagic migrants provide the angler with some truly world class tuna
fishing from February to May. Big-eye tuna of 150 lbs+ are regularly caught with fish in
excess of 200 lbs being far from uncommon. Albacore whilst not reaching the weights of
the big-eye tuna do provide the angler with worthwhile sport on lighter tackle.
Record sized Wahoo are also abundant in Madeira waters from September to January.