CHONGQING MUNICIPALITY PROFILE

CHONGQING
MUNICIPALITY
PROFILE
Consulate General
of the Kingdom of
the Netherlands in
Chongqing
2014
2014
NETHERLANDS CONSULATE GENERAL IN CHONGQING
Mr. Guido Tielman (Consul-General)
Mr. Dean Chen (Deputy Head of the Office)
This report is part of a series of economic overviews of important regions in China, initiated and developed by the
Netherlands Economic Network in China. For more information about these reports, visit
www.zakendoeninchina.org or contact the Consulate General in Chongqing at cho-ea@minbuza.nl.
Unauthorized use, disclosure or copying without permission of the publisher is strictly prohibited. The information
contained herein, including any expression of opinion, analyses, charting or tables, and statistics has been
obtained from or is based upon sources believed to be reliable but is not guaranteed
as to accuracy or completeness.
As general and sectoral information in western China is invariably scarce, outdated or both, all surveys conducted
by the Consulate-General in Chongqing are ‘work in progress’. Hence, as more information becomes available,
reports will continuously be updated. Most recent versions will be made available through internet.
1
CONTENTS
This report provides an overview of the economy of Western China’s Chongqing municipality. We introduce the province’s
economy, growing consumer market and main industries. We give a brief overview of the opportunities the region has to offer
for Dutch businesses in a wide range of sectors.
I Introduction
II Chongqing and the ‘Go West Policy’
III Industry Profiles
IV Consumer Market
V Business Costs
VI Business and Living Environment
VII Entering the Chongqing market
VIII What we do
IX Sources
X Contact Details: The Netherlands Economic Network in China
2
Population: 33 million
Population: 33million
2
Area: 82.400 km
Area: 82.400km2
GDP 2013: 1.146 billion RMB (1 Euro
GDP 2012: 1.146billion RMB
is approx 8.5 RMB)
GDP growth: 13,6%
GDP growth: 12.4%
Gross
Industrial
Output:
Gross Industrial Output: 1.3 billion
1.310billion RMB
RMB
Import & Export value: 53billion
Import & Export Value: 53 billion USD
USD
FDI: 10 billion USD
FDI: 10billion USD
Natural Resources: coal, natural gas,
Natural Resources: coal, natural
manganese, mercury, aluminium a.o.
gas,
manganese,
mercury,
aluminium,
strontium,
According to the Chongqing Foreign
vanadium,
molybdenum,
Trade and Economic Relations
barium, salt, barite, fluorite,
committee, import from the
limestone, silicon
Netherlands
to
Chongqing
amounted to 60 million USD in 2013,
According the information of
while export from Chongqing to the
Chongqing’s Foreign Trade and
Netherlands amounted to 3.083
Economic Relations Committee
million USD.
import from the Netherlands
to Chongqing has amounted
Among European countries, the
to 60million USD in 2013, while
Netherlands is the 2nd biggest
export from Chongqing to
trade partner of Chongqing after
the
Netherlands
has
Germany, accounting for 19% of total
amounted to 3.083million USD.
trade with Europe in 2012. The
Netherlands is followed by France
In the field of investments
and UK.
among
EU
countries
the
Netherlands is ranked as Nr 9
The Netherlands is the no. 9 inbound
inbound (7,5million USD) and Nr
investor in Chongqing among EU
1
outbound
partner
in
countries
(7,5
million
USD).
Chongqing (50million USD).
Outbound investment is still limited.
I INTRODUCTION
Chongqing is the largest industrial and commercial city of Western China.
Building on its history as an ancient regional trade center, today it is still its
strategic location on the Yangtze River that gives this largest municipality in
the world its economic edge. Politically speaking, its clout is considerable as
well. In WWII, Chongqing served as the war capital of China, and in 1997 it
became a provincial-level municipality, reporting directly to the central
government. This change in administrative status was the kick-off for a set
of policy changes that fast-forwarded the Chongqing region’s economic
development.
Both in terms of territory and population, Chongqing is about double the
size of the Netherlands. Out of its 30 million population, approximately
9million live in the metropolitan area of Chongqing, 10 million in other
urban areas and surrounding cities, and another 10 million live in rural
areas. Annually around half a million people migrate from Chongqing’s rural
to urban areas. Overall, Chongqing’s urbanization rate has reached 53% in
2010, while the target for 2020 is 70%.
Chongqing is a transportation hub and an industrial powerhouse. A major
beneficiary of the Chinese central government’s ‘Go West Policy,’ a central
initiative that aims to narrow the development gap between different
Chinese regions, its central position within China’s water, rail and road
networks is undisputed. Chongqing is China’s third biggest automotive
manufacturer and produces a staggering 25% of laptops worldwide. In the
middle of a global financial crisis in which producers have been struggling
to survive, Chongqing’s manufacturing industry has grown, as renowned
companies have moved their factories inland in pursuit of lower-cost labor
and production. In 2013, Chongqing’s industrial sector grew by 13.5% to
make up over 50% of total GDP.
With a GDP growth of 17.1%, Chongqing was China’s fastest growing city
in 2010. And after 2010, it kept on growing. In 2013, Chongqing’s GDP
grew with 12.3%, 4.6% more than China’s national GDP growth, and
reaching 1,266 billion RMB. Its growth is mainly boosted by exports of
high-tech products. In 2012, total trade amounted to US$ 28,4 billion, of
which approximately one third is import and two thirds export. Given the
overall outlook for global trade, GDP growth and FDI inflow is likely to slow
down in the future. However, growth will still exceed China’s average
growth rate, not to mention Europe.
According to the Economist Intelligence Unit, utilized FDI in 2012 reached
10,6 billion USD. In 2008, 93 companies from the Fortune Global 500 had a
presence in Chongqing. In 2013 this number has increased to 225; most of
these companies are active in the IT sector.
3
Structure of Chongqing's GDP
Agriculture
8%
Services
39%
Industry
53%
Much of Chongqing’s economic activity takes place in a
number of special economic zones, to which (foreign)
investors are attracted by preferential policies. In
Chongqing, two high-level zones include the interregional
Chongqing-Chengdu Economic Zone and the national-level
Liangjiang New Area zone, that ranked 3rd in a 2013 survey
of China’s most competitive economic zones. In absolute
terms, both Chongqing’s GDP and welfare indicators (GDP
per capita, average salaries) are below China’s average.
Chongqing’s booming economy is still developing. In
addition to some challenges, for example when it comes to
the city’s international orientation, it offers a wide variety
of opportunities for international stakeholders.
GDP growth
12000
10000
GDP
8000
Agriculture
6000
Industry
4000
Services
2000
Expon. (GDP)
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International Presence
4
II GO WEST POLICY
The goal of the ‘Go West’ Policy that has propelled Chongqing’s economic growth over the past 15 years has been
to balance development between China’s coastal areas and its hinterland. Investment in infrastructure,
construction and industry is meant to lay a foundation for an economy based on added-value manufacturing both
for its own growing class of urban consumers as well as for export purposes. The policy is part of China’s overall
economic transition from an unsustainable growth model built on export of cheaply-produced goods towards a
more balanced economy in which domestic consumption and advanced production play a major role. It is the
government’s hope that Western development can bypass some of the high-polluting, low-tech stages of
industrialization and go straight for the high end of sectors like car manufacturing, ICT production, and aerospace
development.
Chongqing has known several eras of Beijing-sponsored rapid economic development. When the national capital
was provisionally transferred from Nanjing to Chongqing during WWII, entire industries and educational
institutions were dragged across the country in order to be protected from war damage.
In the sixties, Mao Zedong emphasized the strategic importance of building various industrial core areas spread
across China. One of these core areas was Chongqing, which was assigned production of arms and motor
vehicles. As a result, much of its infrastructure, industrial base and many of the educational institutions in
Western China originate from this era.
The ‘Go West policy’ as we now see it unfold has been implemented since 2001. As a result of the
administration’s efforts, China’s Western provinces have witnessed accelerated investment, much of which has
gone to infrastructure improvement and resource extraction (mining, oil and gas). China Daily reported that per
2011 at least 325 billion RMB had been invested in infrastructure projects all over the region. As a municipality
reporting directly to the central government, Chongqing has been at the heart of this policy and benefited
tremendously from this capital injection in the region. A first concrete marker of how this paid off came in 2007,
when for the first time in China’s history; the GDP growth rate of Western provinces outgrew that of other
regions. As it is highly unlikely that coastal areas will continue on their previous path of rapid growth, this
landmark shift might signal a long-term trend.
The increasing economic weight of China’s West also shows in the role cities like Chongqing en Chengdu play in
the central government’s urbanisation blueprint that was adopted in January 2014. Migrant workers from inland
areas are encouraged to migrate back to second-tier cities like the ‘Chengdu-Chongqing city cluster,’ closer to
their home regions and in a better position to offer them social benefits than Beijing or Shanghai. In the past
decade, Chongqing has served as a pilot city for urban-rural balanced development.
What is Western China? When speaking of Western China, people often refer to the cities of Chengdu and
Chongqing, even though – looking at a map of China – the cities seem to be located right in the middle, in central
China. This is because the areas west of these two cities are mountainous and relatively sparsely populated, while
the population density of Chongqing and Sichuan (the 80 million province of which Chengdu is the capital) is
quite high. Also, historically speaking, China’s ‘core areas’ used to be located further to the east, resulting in a
development gap that remains to this day. So, while the central government’s ‘Go West’ policy actually extends
to twelve provinces comprising 29% of the population and 71% of China’s total land area, this has resulted in the
two cities’ status as the most ‘Western’ economic hub of the country.
5
III INDUSTRIES AND DEVELOPMENT PLANS
AUTOMOTIVE
In 2012, 22% of the city's GDP was generated by or related to the automotive sector. Total output value that
year grew by 14% reaching 224 billion RMB. Chongqing is China’s 3rd biggest producer and the 2nd biggest
exporter of automotive industry, as well as the 2nd biggest producer of motorcycles.
The finished vehicles subsector consists of 24 manufacturers. Main players include the state-owned Chang’an
Automobile Group Co.Ltd., as well as Changan Ford, Changan Suzuki, SAIC IVECO HONGYAN, LiFan Industries
etc. Spare parts & component production is represented by more than 1.000 producers.
Market leaders like Yamaha, Suzuki, Honda, BMW outsource a substantial part of their production to partners in
Chongqing, making the motorcycle industry mainly export-oriented. In 2012, the export value of finished
motorcycles amounted to 1,57 billion USD, while the export value of spare parts & components amounted to
470million USD.
Chongqing local car sales are also rapidly increasing, with over 20% annual growth rates. In 2010, there were
about 300,000 private vehicles on the road.
In Chongqing as in the rest of China expected sales and production volumes are expected to grow over the next
Trends
years:
by and
2020Opportunities:
over 4million cars sold and up to 4,8million cars produced, among them 50.000 so called new
energy
cars.
The
focus
area
forfor
carR&D
production
is high quality
brands.and motor cycle sector. An action plan
 Chongqing is
a pilot
city
and production
in the auto
automotive
of for the purchase and production of new energy vehicles has been adopted by the municipal
government.
 Chongqing is Chinas no. 3 city for luxury cars sales
 Fuel efficiency needs to be further developed. Target for 2020 average fuel consumption 5l/100km;
 Light-weight and recyclable materials make up an increasing part of production materials. In 2013 there
were 65.000 gas-fuelled vehicles in Chongqing, and around 95% taxis and 92% of public buses are using
CNG. Another 100.000 CNG vehicles will hit the roads by 2015.
 Digitalisation of R&D by using simulation and 3D technologies
ICT
Since HP, Foxconn, Inventec and Acer established their branches in Chongqing in recent years, the region has
turned into the world’s notebook and laptop capital. Local manufacturers produced more than 40 million laptops
in 2012. The ICT sector accounts for a 16% share of total manufacturing of Chongqing and 30% of total export
(12,5 billion USD). The municipality is aiming for a one-third share of global production by 2015. In 2011,
production output and sales of PCs produced in Chongqing amounted to 25,47million RMB. Chongqing boasts
China’s biggest data processing centre and construction of china’s largest cloud computing center has been
started in the Liangjiang New Area economic zone.
A strategy document for the 2011-2015 period foresees investments of 300 billion RMB in the industry, and the
expected production and sales turnover in 2014 is 100 million RMB. The strategic focus will lie on the production
of PCs and their equipment, high performance integrated circuits, PV (photovoltaic) and LED, software and
information services etc.
6
TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS
When it comes to the transportation of
goods manufactured in Chongqing, its
position on the Yangtze River is still key:
over 90% of exported goods leave by boat.
In fact, with transportation time to the
coast shortening as the logistics sector is
further professionalized, its potential is still
far from realized. It is projected that in the
near future vessels with a capacity of over
10000 ton will be able to reach the
Chongqing’s Cuntan Bonded Port Zone,
thereby opening up the possibility of
combined ocean-river freight services.
But there are also significant developments in road and rail transport and distribution. Chongqing is increasingly
well-connected to the national highway and railroad network. A two-hour high-speed rail ride connects the city
with Chengdu, its neighbour economic hub of Western China and the capital of Sichuan province. High-speed rail
connections towards Southeast-Asian markets are on their way. In 2011, a direct freight connection to Europe
was opened. Trains depart from Chongqing to take China-produced IT products as well as an increasingly diverse
selection of other goods to Duisburg, Germany, with much of the freight also continuing on to Antwerp and
Rotterdam. The railway trajectory cuts transport time between China and Western Europe with 16 days compared
to conventional sea freight and has been dubbed a contemporary version of the former Silk Road trade route.
However, both in terms of capacity and of financial profitability, this Chongqing-Europe rail connection has not
yet developed its full potential. This is mainly due to the fact that return cargo is currently operating below full
capacity. As a result, rates are not yet competitive compared to conventional sea freight, even though there are
recent indicators that tariffs are decreasing.
Chongqing’s Jiangbei Airport services flights, both cargo and passenger, to more than 100 cities in China and to
over 20 international airports. AirChina operates flights connecting Shanghai-Chongqing/Chengdu-Schiphol for
cargo traffic. Admittedly, Chongqing still has some catching up to do in terms of its international air connection
network, as for the time being there is only one direct passenger flight between Chongqing and Europe, serviced
by FinnAir. The ambition for the airport in 2020 is to reach an annual turnover of 70 million passengers and 3
million t cargo, and to build a third runway and terminal.
Trends and Opportunities:
 Cooperation in the field of education among universities
 E-commerce is offering new opportunities for efficient solutions for logistics
 Make use of Chongqing's position as supply chain hub as the starting point for a comprehensive West
China strategy from which global and local clients can be served
 Provide supply chain solutions and logistics services to both international and Chinese clients within an
intensifying trade & investment environment.
 Contribute to the knowledge upgrade within the lagging smart logistics infrastructure. Smart logistics
development is a key requirement for an optimized supply chain. Logistics software among local logistic
companies, especially, is in need of improvement.
 The Chongqing cold chain sector hopes to upgrade both its software and hardware and gain experience in
optimizing cold chain management.
7
AGRICULTURE
With an urbanization rate of 57%, large parts of Chongqing’s territory are still rural. Farmland area amounts to
2,5million ha. Farming (60%), forestry, animal husbandry (32%) and fishery together generate 66,21billion RMB.
Chongqing is an important production base of oranges and pork. Other focus areas include: silk, herbal medicine,
and forestry and bamboo timber processing. The recent intentions of the central government to invest in food
safety and rural environment protection also resonates in Chongqing. For example, like in other parts of China,
Chongqing organic farming is upcoming, driven partially by slowly increasing local demand, but mostly by
growing demand in coastal and Western markets.
Trends and Opportunities:
 The pig breeding industry makes up the largest share of Chongqing’s animal husbandry. Pork meet also
dominates the local market. The local government has announced to invest about 470 million RMB to
expand small scale pig farms and develop new large scale farms. Local demand outweighs supply by
millions of pigs a year, making pig-raising and import promising areas.
 In 2012 Chongqing became the first inland port in China to import meat products from
 Dairy industry in Chongqing faces a limited supply of raw milk, and the cattle breeding industry is
characterized by high costs and low margins. Solutions addressing these problems as s well food safety
have opportunities in local market.
 Potato industry: there is an increasing need from food processing companies for starch, inter alia for fast
food, that would increase value added for the potato industry; other priorities in the industry are the
development of virus free potato seeds and warehouse management.
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
The Chongqing Chemical Industrial Park, located in the district of Changshou, is the basis for an industry that
accounts for 8% of total manufacturing in Chongqing and is among its priority industries. Its main focus areas are
natural gas, chlorine alkali and petroleum. The Industrial Park hosts one of the largest production facilities of
natural gas in China. The automotive industry has catalyzed development of synthetic rubber industry, and
Chongqing hosts four big tire manufacturers.
Companies with a presence in the park include: BASF; BP; Chongqing Chemical and Pharmaceutical Holding;
China National Petroleum Corporation; Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company; China Petrochemical Corporation,
Honeywell, Kingboard Chemical Holdings, Air Liquide Ain France, German Linder Gas, Dalkia.
OIL & GAS
According to the Chongqing Foreign Trade & Commercial Affairs Commission, about 370 million m3 of natural gas
reserves have been explored in the region and annual gas production adds up to ¼ of China’s total. One of the
most recently developed gas fields is Pugang (China Petrochemical Corp. and China National Petroleum Corp) -its estimated annual production is 12 billion m3 of purified gas.
Estimates for shale gas in Chongqing are at 2.05 trillion m3, production by 2015 is targeted at 1,3-1,5 billion m3
(1/5 of total China’s shale gas output) and drilling of 150-200 shale gas wells by 2015. A new oil and gas pipeline
from Chongqing to Burma is to be finished within the next few years. According to the industry’s Five Year Plan,
200 billion RMB will be invested in the gas and oil industry in the 2011-2015 period. Areas of focus: grid
optimization and strengthening power supply, natural gas and in particular shale gas exploration, construction of
storage and distribution of natural gas and refined oil, renewable energy.
8
Other important industries:










Chongqing mining companies currently focus on overseas acquisition of raw material sources for iron
and materials. Chongqing has aluminium and steel processing plants to supply its booming automotive
industry.
Textile & garment production, accounting for 14% of total manufacturing.
Pharmaceutical and medical equipment production.
Construction, with a total area of 283,4 million m2 under construction in 2012.
Creative industries, Chongqing’s educational basis in the arts is strong: the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute
ranks among the country’s top 5 art programs, and the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of the
University of Chongqing is ranked 10th nationwide. Creative spaces include a graffiti street (Tuya Street)
and creative art space Organhaus, which mainly targets experimental multi-media artists. Multiple
creative industries parks are currently under construction. Subsectors such as gaming, fashion and
industrial design have yet to reach their full potential.
Paper manufacturing, Chongqing is the biggest producer in Western China
Tourism is rapidly growing, with 2.3 million foreign tourists visiting Chongqing for an average 3 days in
2012 (an increase of 21% over 2011).
Water management, in development in response to record-low water levels on the Yangtze in recent
years caused by over-exploitation (related to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam) and efforts to
control seasonal flooding.
Chongqing shipbuilding ranks no. 1 in Western China and production of pleasure yachts is on the rise.
In all sectors, there is an increasing government-supported demand for cleaner technology.
IV CONSUMER MARKET
Chongqing is sometimes referred to as an ‘invisible city,’ a world-scale megalopolis that people outside China
have never ever heard of. However, the city represents consumer markets that cannot be ignored.
In 2012, Chongqing’s urban disposable income rose by 13% and reached on average 22.968 RMB. While this is
lower than the Chinese average in that year (24.454 RMB), its growth rate, as well as recent consumption rates
are encouraging for retailers. In 2012, retail sales in Chongqing went up by 16%, reaching 396.119 billion RMB.
Fast growing sectors include: communications equipment (up by 44.5%), furniture (44.1%), household
decoration materials (35.4%) and pharmaceuticals (30.2%). In addition there were 76 PCs and 207 mobile
phones per 100 households, which is a promising starting point for its burgeoning e-commerce market.
China: growing number of millionaires, growing market for high-end consumer products?
The Chongqing luxury goods market is growing along with its number of millionaires, with major luxury brands
all setting up shop in the city center. According to “The Wealth Report” published in 2014 mainland China is the
third-fastest country worldwide at producing millionaires. In 2013, the number of Chinese people with more than
1 million USD to invest grew by 17.8% to 758,000. The number of Chinese ‘very wealthy individuals’ is expected
to increase with 80% by 2023. Over that period, the number of Chinese billionaires is set to double to 322, more
than in the UK, Russia, France and Switzerland combined.
China’s wealthy population is growing the fastest in its second-tier cities. On a list of global cities ranked by the
growth prospects of extremely wealthy individuals over the 2013-2023 period, 19 Chinese cities make it into the
top 30 names. Among Chinese cities Chongqing ranks as the 10th with 99% growth rate of very wealthy (see
the comperative table below).
9
# of very
individuals
Chongqing
Chengdu
Xi’an
Beijing
Shanghai
wealthy
2013
2023
96
120
61
1318
1028
191
217
96
1872
1542
Growth
percentage
99
81
57
42
50
Taking into account the expected wave of urbanisation, recent growth rates for disposable income, and the
changing consumption habits of China’s emerging middle class, it becomes evident that Chongqing consumption
is likely to continue on its upward path.
V COSTS FOR BUSINESS
Av. rental price for office RMB/m2/month
Av. rental price for manufacturing
RMB/m2/month
Average wages RMB
Electricity per kwh
base
Water per m3
Sewage treatment per m3
Natural gas RMB/m3
Corporate Income Tax: Preferred Industries /
General Industries
Personal Income Tax progressive
1.500 RMB p.m./ 80.000>
Business Tax Rate depending on activity, only
entertainment has higher tax rate than 5%
Chongqing
96,9
18
Shanghai
210
39.430
0,55-0,84
2,35-3,10
1,00
1,66-2,21
15 % / 25%
75.591
0,20(night)0,617 (day)
1,92
1,7
2,3-2,6
17%/25%
3% / 45%
3%/45%
3%-5%
3%-5%
Structure of Population
64 and over
11%
Age 0-14
17%
Age15-64
72%
10
Chongqing has not reached the level of internationalization of cities like Shanghai, Guangzhou and even Chengdu
and hence still offers “first comer’s credit” for potential investors. Chongqing is a location on the rise offering
attractive answers to questions surrounding the ‘three P’s’:
1) People: availability of a well-skilled labor force. While income levels still trail coastal regions, education levels
are comparatively high (Chongqing has 67 institutions of higher education with 600.000 undergraduates
entering them each year; 236 vocational schools house half a million students). This makes advanced
production as well as R&D operations cost effective.
2) Price: lower production costs than in Eastern China, as well as its Western neighbour Chengdu
3) Proximity to natural resources, growing markets, a multimodal transportation network for cargo.
However, several challenges still need to be faced:



The benefits in terms of labor and production costs are likely to diminish in the future, as Western
development catches up Eastern China.
The region still has a limited amount of staff with international experience and language skills.
At an administrative level, too, the ability to accommodate and service needs of foreign companies is still
lacking.
VI BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT & QUALITY OF LIFE
Chongqing’s livelier side does not reveal itself to a newcomer immediately. However, in between all the high rise
buildings one can still find hidden paths leading to courtyards where Chongqing’s elderly play card games and
smoked sausages hang outside the windows.
A typical characteristic in comparison to Chinese cities like Beijing and Shanghai is the relative ease with which
one can leave the metropolitan part of the city. Less than half an hour away from the city’s center, Chongqing’s
Southern Mountains provide peace and plenty of opportunity for outdoor activity. A bit further out, historical
villages and rice paddies can be easily found. Air quality is well known as a major health concern in China.
However, over the last years, Chongqing has enjoyed relatively good air quality compared to regions in Northern
China, both in and outside the city. It’s beautiful riverside skylines (Yangtze river and Jialing river) have
frequently led visitors to compare Chongqing to Hong Kong.
As for its cuisine, while Chongqing’s internatonal cuisine offerings are limited but growing, regional specialties like
hot pot and noodles are renowned throughout the country. Grocery stores range from local markets to Western
chains like Carrefour and Metro. Yet a typical western shopping basket, with foreign products, on average will
cost 20-30% more than in the Netherlands.
Chongqing has an increasing number of five star rated international hotel chains (such as the Intercontinental,
the Mariott, the Sheraton, Radisson etc.) as well as local hotel chains that offer accommodation at a competitive
rate.
11
Yew Chung International School has a good reputation among the expat community, offering preschool-high
school education following a British curriculum.
Health care is an area in which Chongqing is clearly not as international as cities like Chengdu or Shanghai. The
Global Hospital Clinic is prefered among expats for basic treatment. The language barrier might be a problem in
communicating with local hospital staff. In general, finding your way around the city without Chinese Mandarin
skills might be a challenge. On a positive note, average life expectancy in Chongqing is currently 76.7 years, over
three years higher than the national average.
Cultural life has all infrastructure needed in place: museums of traditional and contemporary art, art schools, a
modern opera building, a livehouse, as well as small theatres in which to watch Sichuan opera. However, while
expat-oriented venues exist, English-language entertainment is quite limited.
Every district in Chongqing has its own commercial center packed with shopping malls offering a choice of
international and local chain stores. High-end shopping is concentrated in the very center of Chongqing in the
Jiefangbei district.
VII ENTERING THE CHONGQING MARKET
Chart below shows necessary steps, as well as Chongqing organizations involved and indicative tame frame for
establishing a company in Chongqing.
Procedures
Organization1
1. Registration of a company name
CAIC
2. Project approval
CDRC
3. Application
COFTEC
4. Code number
CAQTS
5. Approval of certificate
COFTEC
6. Business license
CAIC
Legal entity formally established after ~ 1 month
7. Registration of seal
CPSB
8. Organizational code certificate
CAQTS
9. Tax registration
CAST
CALT
10. Foreign exchange registration
SAFE
11. Opening of a banc account
Bank
12. Customs registration
CAC
Indicative time
1 working day
5-7 working days
1 working day
1 working day
5 working days
2 working days
1 working day
1-3 working days
5-15 working days
1 working day
14 working days
1
CAIC -Chongqing Administration of Industry and Commerce: http://www.cqgs12315.cn/ ;
CDRC - Chongqing Development and Reform Commission: http://www.cqdpc.gov.cn/;
COFTEC - Chongqing Foreign Trade and Economic Commission: http://www.ft.cq.cn/;
COQTS - Chongqing Bureau and Quality and Technology Supervision: http://www.cqzj.gov.cn/ ;
CPSB -Chongqing Public Security Bureau (Police Office) ;
CALT - Chongqing Local Tax Bureau: http://www.cq-l-tax.gov.cn/;
SAFE -http://www.safe.gov.cn/wps/portal/sy/jgzn_glc;
CAC – Chongqing Customs: http://chongqing.customs.gov.cn/publish/portal153/
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VIII WHAT WE DO
One of the aims of the Netherlands Consulate-general in Chongqing is to enhance trade and investment relations
between Dutch and Chinese citizens and organizations in the Chongqing area. We are happy to be your first stop
for business and partnership-related inquiries in Western China.
Specifically, just like the rest of the Dutch government economic network in China, we offer services in the
following areas:
1. First line support: answer questions, facilitation, official attendance at (company) events, paying and
receiving company visits.
2. Act as a broker: provide assistance in finding a local business partner; assist in establishing a
partnership, both by companies and knowledge institutions/universities. This includes providing help in
setting up an establishment in the local market.
3. Intensive support: provide customized information, market introductions and help solve problems.
4. Government intervention: remove trade and investment barriers where possible.
IX SOURCES
Netherlands Embassy and Consulates – China: http://china.nlembassy.org/
China EU SME Centre: www.eusmecentre.org.cn/
China EU IPR – Helpdesk: http://www.china-iprhelpdesk.eu/en/
Chongqing Foreign Trade and Economic Relations Committee (COFTEC): http://www.ft.cq.cn/cqftenNew/
Chongqing Liangjiang New Area: http://english.liangjiang.gov.cn/
Chongqing Investment Promotion Agency: www.cqipa.com/en/
UNIDO – Subcontracting and Partnership Exchange (Chinese): http://www.unido-spx.org/
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X The Netherlands Economic Network in China
www.hollandinchina.org www.zakendoeninchina.org www.laihelanzuoshengyi.org
荷兰政府在中国的商务机构联系方式 Netherlands Economic Network
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Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
4 Liangmahe Nanlu
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100600
Tel: + 86 10 8532 0200
E-mail: pek-ea@minbuza.nl
Consulate-General Shanghai
10/F Tower B, Dawning Center, 500 Hongbaoshi Road
Changning District, Shanghai 201103
Tel: + 86 21 2208 7288
E-mail: sha-ea@minbuza.nl
Consulate-General Guangzhou
Teem Tower, 34rd Floor, 208 Tianhe Road
Guangzhou 510620
Tel: + 86 20 3813 2200
E-mail: gnz-ea@minbuza.nl
Consulate-General Hong Kong
Room 2402B, 24/F, Great Eagle Centre, 23 Harbour Road
Wanchai, Hong Kong SAR
Tel: + 852 2599 9200
E-mail: hon-ea@minbuza.nl
Consulate-General Chongqing
54/F,Yingli International Finance Centre, No 28 Minquan Road
Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400012
Tel: +86 23 6399 7000
E-mail: cho-ea@minbuza.nl
NBSO Chengdu
6F, West Building, La De Fang Si
1480 Tianfu Avenue, Chengdu, 610041
T. +86 (0)28 8511 4047
E-mail: nbsochengdu@nbsochengdu.com
NBSO Dalian
4910 World Trade Center, 25 TongXing Road
Zhongshan District, Dalian 116001
Tel: + 86 411 3986 9998
E-mail: nbsodalian@nbsodalian.com
NBSO Jinan
Room B1, F/3, Building 2, Shuntai Plaza 2000 Shunhua Road
Jinan, 250101
Tel: + 86 531 8606 5138
E-mail: nbsojinan@nbsojinan.com
NBSO Nanjing
Suite 2316, Building B, 23/F, Phoenix Plaza, 1 Hunan Road
Nanjing 210009
Tel: + 86 25 8470 3707 / 8470 3708
E-mail: nbsonanjing@nbsonanjing.com
荷兰政府在中国的商务机构联系方式
荷兰王国驻华使馆
中华人民共和国
北京市朝阳区亮马河南路 4 号
电子邮件: pek-ea@minbuza.nl
上海总领事馆
中华人民共和国
上海市长宁区红宝石路 500 号东银中心 B 塔 10 楼
电子邮件: sha-ea@minbuza.nl
广州总领事馆
中华人民共和国 广东省
广州市天河路 208 号粤海天河城大厦 34 楼
电子邮件: gnz-ea@minbuza.nl
香港总领事馆
中华人民共和国
香港湾仔港湾道 23 号鹰君中心 2402B 室
电子邮件: hon-ea@minbuza.nl
荷兰驻渝总领事馆
中国重庆市渝中区民权路 28 号
英利国际金融中心 54 楼
电子邮件: cho-ea@minbuza.nl
荷兰贸易促进委员会成都代表处
中华人民共和国 四川省
成都市天府大道 1480 号 拉德方斯大厦西楼 6 楼
电子邮件: nbsochengdu@nbsochengdu.com
荷兰贸易促进委员会大连代表处
中华人民共和国 辽宁省
大连市中山区同兴街 25 号世界贸易大厦 4910 室
电子邮件: nbsodalian@nbsodalian.com
荷兰贸易促进委员会济南代表处
中华人民共和国 山东省
济南市舜华路 2000 号舜泰广场 2 号楼 3 楼 B1 室
电子邮件: nbsojinan@nbsojinan.com
荷兰贸易促进委员会南京代表处
中华人民共和国 江苏省
南京市 鼓楼区湖南路 1 号 凤凰广场 B 座 23 楼 2316 室
电子邮件: nbsonanjing@nbsonanjing.com
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NBSO Qingdao
A-2505, Top Yihe International, 10 Hong Kong Middle Road
Shinan District, Qingdao 266071
Tel: + 86 532 6677 7515 / 17
E-mail: nbsoqingdao@nbsoqingdao.com
NBSO Wuhan
Tower I, Room 1306, 568 Jianshe Avenue
Wuhan 430022
Tel: + 86 27 8576 6511
E-mail: nbsowuhan@nbsowuhan.com
荷兰贸易促进委员会青岛代表处
中华人民共和国 山东省
青岛市市南区香港中路 10 号 颐和国际 A 座 2505 室
电子邮件: nbsoqingdao@nbsoqingdao.com
荷兰贸易促进委员会武汉代表处
中华人民共和国 湖北省
武汉市建设大道 568 号 新世界国贸大厦 1306 室
电子邮件: nbsowuhan@nbsowuhan.com
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