UAV Systems : Global Review

Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
UAV DACH Symposium
ILA, Berlin, Germany - May 17, 2006
UAV Systems : Global Review
Peter van Blyenburgh
UVS INTERNATIONAL
March 9, 2006
1
May 17, 2006
OVERVIEW
1
UVS International : Introduction
2
UAV Systems : Definition & Categories
3
UAV Systems Referenced
4
UAV Systems : Review By Category
5
UAVs in Inventory, On Order, In Development
6
UAV Applications (Military & Civil/Commercial)
7
The Problems & Starting To Resolve Them
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
March 9, 2006
2
May 17, 2006
INTRODUCTION
1997
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Non-profit association founded in Paris, France as Euro UVS
Registered with in Den Haag, The Netherlands
1999
Operates out of offices in Paris, France
2004
Changed its name to UVS International – Global Scope
Outreach to all aviation stakeholders & info coordination
May
17,
2006
242 Corporate & Institutional Members in 34 countries
104 Honorary members from 23 countries & 6
international organizations
March 9, 2006
3
May 17, 2006
MEMBERS IN 34 COUNTRIES
›
› „
„
› „
›
› „
„
„
› „
› „
› „
› „
„
›
›
„
› „
„
› „
› „
› „
› „
› „
„
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Botswana
Canada
Croatia
Czech Rep.
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
India
Israel
Italy
Japan
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Portugal
Russian Fed.
› = Honorary Mbrs = reps of national military &
CAAs + EASA + EDA + EUROCONTROL +
FAA + NATO
„ = Corporate Members
Working Groups
UAV DACH
Euro UAV Industry Consultation Body
Has Applied To Become
March 9, 2006
Observer in ICAO
Associate Member in CANSO
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
›
Singapore
› „ South Africa
› „ South Korea
„ Spain
› „ Sweden
› „ Switzerland
„ Tunisia
„ Turkey
› „ UK
„ Ukraine
› „ USA
Partner Associations
AESiNT (Spain)
ALV, Czech Rep.
ATCA, USA
CGArm, France
EUGIN, Belgium
Inteli, Portugal
Japan UAV Association
UAVS, UK
UNITE, USA
UVS Canada
UVS N.Zealand Australia
4
May 17, 2006
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Electoral Mandate = 2 years
Peter van Blyenburgh
Blyenburgh & Co, France
President
1st year of 5th mandate
Nick Miller
Thales Aerospace, UK
Secretary
2nd year of 1st mandate
Jean Caron
EADS, France
Treasurer
1st year of 3rd mandate
Peter Vestergren
Trevor Rogers
Torbjorn Rehn
Saab, Sweden
TGR Helicorp., N. Zealand
TRC AB, Sweden
Director
Director
Director
9, 2006
1st year of 1st mandate 2nd year of 1st mandate
1st year ofMarch
1st mandate
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Peter Jenkins
Fabio Gamba
QinetiQ, UK
Boeing R&T Europe, Spain
Director
Director
1st year of 2nd mandate
1st year of 1st mandate
Bernhard von Bothmer
UAV DACH, Germany
Director
1st year of 3rd mandate
John Walker
The Padina Group, USA
Director
1st year of 1st mandate
Patrick Chenière
Sagem (Safran), France
Observer
1st year of 1st mandate
5
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
REPRESENTATION
& RECOGNITION
Manufacturers of:
UVS systems (military & non-military)
Sub-systems & critical components
R&D organizations
Service suppliers (with/for UVS systems)
Recognized as objective representative of the international UVS industry
& services community by:
European MoDs
ATCA
ICAO
ETSI
CAA S. Africa
DOD N. Zealand
NASA
European CAAs
EUGIN
JAA
EUROCAE
Transport Canada
Indian AF
Singapore MinDef
NATO
Eurocontrol
RTCA, USA
CASA Australia
DND Botswana
MoD Argentina
S. African DefMat
EASA
FAA, USA
CANSO
CAA N. Zealand
DND Canada
MoD S. Korean
US DoD
Will participate in exploratory UAV meeting at ICAO HQs as the
of international industry (23 & 24 May 2006)
March 9, representative
2006
6
May 17, 2006
CATEGORIES
For differentiation of currently existing systems.
Not for certification purposes.
Mass
Range
Flight Alt.
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Endurance
Tactical
μ
Mini
CR
SR
MR
MRE
LADP
LALE
MALE
Strateg.
HALE High Alt. Long Endur.
Strato Stratospheric
EXO Exo-stratospheric
2500-5000
>2500
TBD
> 2000
> 2000
TBD
20.000
> 20.000
> 30.500
24 - 48
> 48
TBD
Sp.Task
UCAV Unmanned combat AV
LET Lethal
DEC Decoys
>1000
TBD
150-500
+/- 1500
300
0 - 500
12.000
4.000
50 - 5.000
+/- 2
3-4
<4
Micro (μ)
< 5 kg
Mini
< 20/25/30/150‹
Close Range
25-150
Short Range
50-250
Medium Range
150-500
MR Endurance
500-1500
Low Alt. Deep Penetration 250-2500
Low Alt. Long Endurance 15-25
Medium Alt. Long Endur. 1000-1500
March 9, 2006
< 10 km
250 m
< 10
150/250/300‹
10 - 30
3.000
30 - 70
3.000
70 - 200
5.000
> 500
8.000
> 250
50 - 9.000
> 500
3.000
> 500
5/8.000
1 hour
<2
2-4
3-6
6 - 10
10 - 18
0,5 - 1
> 24
24 - 48
‹ = According to national legal restrictions
7
May 17, 2006
AIRFRAME TYPES
Fixed Wing
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Single Engine
Twin Engines
Pusher Engine
Puller Engine
Single Wing
Circular Wing
Twin Wing
Flying Wing
Tail-Sitter
Motorised Rotor
Gyroplane
Canard Rotor Wing
Pendular Rotor
Shrouded Rotor
Tilt Rotor
Eagle, Heron, Global Hawk, Predator
Hermes 450T & 1500, Colugo, DragonEye
Sperwer, Shadow, Searcher, Seeker
Alba, Exdrone, DragonDrone
SilverFox
XB-2
Jasoos, Outrider, BackPack
Helios, X-13, Zephyr
SkyTote
Rotary Wing
A-160, FireScout, Orka, SNARK
RPG Mk II
X-50 DragonFly
Hetel-M
FanTail, Cypher, GoldenEye, HoverEye
Eagle Eye
Motorized Para-Foil
Snow Goose, Blueye
Lighter-than-Air
Airscan, O.V.O.
Flapping Wing
Micro UAVs
Optionally Piloted Eagle, Little Bird, Perseus, Stemme, Surveyor 2500
FUEL TYPES
March 9, 2006
Two-Stroke
Electric
Standard Petrol
Solar/Electric
AvGas
Diesel
8
May 17, 2006
LAUNCH METHODS
Air-Launched
Bungee Cord
Canister-launched
- Manned Aircraft
- Balloon
- Tracked Para-foil
- UAV (Predator)
(hand-tensioned)
(hand-held)
Car/Truck-launched
Container-launched - Pneumatic
- RATO
Hand-launched
Launcher
- Bungee
- Hydraulic
- Pneumatic
- Atmospheric
RATO (rocket assisted take-off)
Weapon-launched
Torpedo Tube-launched
Wheeled Take-Off
VTOL9, 2006
March
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Zephyr
QinetiQ
Exdrone
BAI Aerosystems
Finder
NRL
DragonEye
AeroVironment
- Black Widow AeroVironment
- MATE
Dutch Space
- Aerosonde
Aerosonde
- Snow Goose MMIST
Neptune
DRS Technologies
KZO
Rheinmetall DE
- Aladin
EMT
- Carolo
Mavionics
- Tracker
EADS D&SS
LUNA
EMT
Phoenix
BAE Systems
Sperwer
Sagem
Vulture Mk II ATE
Pioneer
Pioneer UAV Inc
Under development
Under development
- Predator
General Atomics AS
- Global Hawk Northrop Grumman
RMax
Yamaha Motor Co
9
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
RECOVERY METHODS
Belly Landing
Deep Stall
Expendable
Net Recovery-Land - No airbag
Net Recovery-Land + Airbag
Net Recovery-Naval
Parachute & A/C in standard position
Parachute & A/C in upside-down position
Parachute + Airbag
Para-foil
Skid Landing
In-Flight Recovery by Manned Aircraft
Vertical Cable - Wing Snatch (SkyHook)
VTOL
Water Surface Landing
Wheeled Recovery
March 9, 2006
Wheeled
Recovery with Arresting Hook
Aerosonde
Aladin
Harpy
Aerosonde
EMT
IMI
Vulture Mk II
Pioneer
Crecerelle
Phoenix
Sperwer
Snow Goose
- Sojka III
- Ranger
ATE
Pioneer UAV Inc.
Sagem
BAE Systems
Sagem
MMIST
VTUL a PVO
RUAG Aerospace
ScanEagle
- FireScout
- Little Bird
- RPH2
- Neptune
- Neptune
Predator
Hunter
Boeing/Insitu
Northrop Grumman
Boeing
Fuji Heavy Ind.
BAI Aerosystems
DRS Technologies
General Atomics AS
IAI-Malat
10
May 17, 2006
UAV SYSTEMS REFERENCED
Applications
Qnty
%
Civil/Commercial
47
8
Military
410
68
Dual Purpose
74
13
Research UAVs
31
6
Developmental vehicle
216
36
Total Nr UAVs Referenced
596
Nr of Producers/Developers
253
March 9, 2006
Nr of Countries
42
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Incl. teamed efforts
11
May 17, 2006
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Community
March 9, 2006
12
May 17, 2006
MICRO UAVs
Mikado II
EMT, Germany
Micro VTOL
LADF
OAV
Epsom & Sony
Japan
Carolo
C40
FanTail
Mavionics & Rheinmetall, Germany
DO-MAV 1
EADS-Dornier,
Germany
March 9, 2006
Allied Aerospace, USA
MITE
AeroVironment, USA
FanCopter
NRL, USA
EMT, Germany
ST, Singapore
Black Widow
AeroVironment, USA
13
May 17, 2006
Cyberbug
MINI UAVs
Colugo
HoverEye
Cyber Defence Systems, USA
Kawada & Hitachi, Japan
Puma
Bertin Technologies, France
Skorpio
Aladin
AeroVironment, USA
Tracker
EADS
& SurveyCopter,
France
March
9, 2006
EMT, Germany
EADS D&SS & SurveyCopter, France
14
May 17, 2006
I-Copter II
SkyLark
Elbit
Systems
Israel
MINI UAVs
VTOL-Aerospace, Australia
Raven
Javelin
Dragon Eye
Naval Research Lab, USA
BackPack
Mission
Technologies,
USA
March
9, 2006
AeroVironment, USA
Desert Hawk
Lockheed Martin, USA
BAI Aerosystems, USA
Pointer
AeroVironment, USA
15
May 17, 2006
MINI UAVs
Non-military applications only
RoboCopter
Kawada, Japan
RPH2
Fuji Heavy Industries, Japan
YH300SL
Yanmar, Japan
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
R-Max
Yamaha Motors, Japan
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
MINI UAVs
Lighter-Than-Air
OVO
GT-AirCat
PY Design, France
YH300SL
Gates Technologies, France
PixScene, France
CLOSE RANGE UAVs
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
LUNA
RMax
Type 2
Yamaha Motor Company, Japan
X-Vision
March 9, 2006
EMT, Germany
Camcopter
SCR, Spain
Schiebel Elektronische Geräte, Austria
18
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
CLOSE RANGE UAVs
SurveyCopter
Exdrone
MinO
QinetiQ, UK
BAI Aerosystems, USA
SurveyCopter, France
SpyThere
IAI-Malat, Israel
SilverFox
SkyTote
Mini-Vanguard
Adv. Ceramics Research, USA
March 9, 2006
AeroVironment, USA
Mission Technologies, USA
19
May 17, 2006
Pchela
SHORT RANGE UAVs
Yakovlev, Russian Fed.
Crecerelle EW
Crecerelle
Phoenix
Sagem Défense& Sécurité, France
BAE Systems, UK
Sagem D&S, France
GoldenEye 50
Sentry
Sojka III
DRS Technologies, USA
Sniper
VTUL a PVO, Czech Rep.
March 9, 2006
Aurora Flight Sciences, USA
Elbit Systems, Israel
20
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
SHORT RANGE UAVs
Pioneer
I-View
IAI-Malat, Israel
S-100
March 9, 2006
Schiebel Elektronische Geraete, Austria
Pioneer UAV Inc, USA
Fulmar
AeroVision, Spain
21
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
SHORT RANGE UAVs
Vulture II
Mirach 26
Galileo
Avionica, Italy
ATE, South Africa
RPG III
Techment, Sweden
Neptune
March 9, 2006
DRS Technologies, USA
Aerostar
Aeronautics Unmanned Systems, Israel
22
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
MEDIUM RANGE UAVs
KZO
Sperwer
& Ugglan
Rheinmetall Def. Electronics, Germany
Ranger
RUAG Aerospace, Switzerland
March 9, 2006
Sagem Défense & Sécurité, France
Orka
EADS-D&SS, France
23
May 17, 2006
MEDIUM RANGE UAVs
Shadow 200
AAI Corp., USA
Shadow 400
AAI Corp., USA
Fire Scout
March Northrop
9, 2006 Grumman, USA
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Hunter
IAI, Israel & TRW, USA
24
May 17, 2006
Ezycopter
MEDIUM RANGE UAVs
Night Intruder
Yosine, Taiwan
Seeker I
Korean Aerospace Ind., South Korea
GoldenEye 50
Denel Aerosystems, South Africa
Searcher I
Aurora FS, USA
Hermes 180
Elbit System-Silver Arrow Div., Israel
Hetel-M
Eagle Eye
9, 2006
IsraeliMarch
Aircraft
Industries, Israel
ECT & Isnav, France
Bell Helicopter-Textron, USA
25
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
MEDIUM RANGE
ENDURANCE UAVs
Seeker II
Denel Aerosystems, South Africa
Hermes 450S
Elbit Systems - Silver Arrow, Israel
March 9, 2006
Shadow 600
AAI Corp., USA
Searcher II
Israel Aircraft Industries, Israel
26
May 17, 2006
SNARK
MEDIUM RANGE
ENDURANCE UAVs
TRG Helicorp, N. Zealand
E-Hunter
Israeli Aircraft Industries, Israel
Falco
Galileo Avionica, Italy
Sperwer B
Sagem D&S
France
March 9, 2006
Dragonfly
Boeing, USA
27
May 17, 2006
LOW ALTITUDE
DEEP PENETRATION UAVs
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
CL289
Mirach 150
Galileo Avionica, Italy
EADS, France &
Germany
Surveyor 600
Nibbio
EADS-D&SS, France &
Galileo Avionica, Italy
March 9, 2006
Galileo Avionica, Italy
28
May 17, 2006
LOW ALTITUDE LONG
ENDURANCE UAVs
? = Civil/commercial applications
Aerosonde Mk III ?
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Aerosonde Mk II ?
Aerosonde, Australia
Libellule
Tecknisolar-Seni, France
March 9, 2006
ScanEagle ?
Boeing & InSitu Group, USA
29
May 17, 2006
MEDIUM ALTITUDE
LONG ENDURANCE UAVs
Predator
General Atomics AS, USA
Heron
March 9, IAI-Malat
2006
Div., Israel
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Eagle-1
EADS D&SS, France & IAI-Malat Div., Israel
Hermes 1500
Elbit Systems - Silver Arrow, Israel
30
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
MEDIUM ALTITUDE
LONG ENDURANCE UAVs
? = Research applications
Altus ?
General Atomics AS, USA
I.GNAT
General
Atomics
March
9, 2006 AS, USA
Heron-TP
IAI-Malat, Israel
Hermes 1500
A-160 Hummingbird
Boeing Frontier Systems, USA
31
May 17, 2006
HIGH ALTITUDE
LONG ENDURANCE UAVs
Global Hawk
Northrop Grumman, USA
Theseus ?
Aurora Flight Sciences, USA
March
2006
? =9,Civil/commercial
applications
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Predator B
General Atomics AS, USA
Helios ?
AeroVironment & NASA Dryden, USA
? = Solar Powered Research Applications
32
May 17, 2006
Sharc
UCAVs
Dassault Aviation, France
Neuron
BAE Systems, UK
Saab, Sweden
Corax
EADS, Germany
Boeing, USA
X-45A
Northrop Grumman, USA
Filur
Photo: Jane’s
Barrakuda
Alenia Aeronautica, Italy
X-47B
March 9, 2006
Sky-X
33
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
OFFENSIVE/LETHAL UAVs
Taifun
LOCAAS
Anti-Radar
Anti-Vehicle &
Anti-Structure
Anti-Radar
Anti-Vehicle &
Anti-Structure
Rheinmetall DE, Germany
K100
Lockheed Martin, USA
Harpy
Anti-Vehicle
(concept
demonstrator –
Did not go into
production)
March 9, 2006
Anti-Radar
EADS-CAC Systèmes, France
IAI-MBT, Israel
34
May 17, 2006
DECOYS
Flyrt
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Chukar
Eager
Naval Research Lab., USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
ITALD
Nulka
BAE Systems, Australia
March 9, 2006
IMI, Israel
35
May 17, 2006
Optionally Piloted Aircraft &
Modified Certified Aircraft
Eagle
Herti-1A
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Pelican
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, USA
Excelnet, Malaysia
BAE Systems, UK
Surveyor 2500
Proteus
March 9, 2006
Scaled Composites, USA
EADS-DS &
Dyn’Aero, France
36
May 17, 2006
UAV PRODUCING COUNTRIES
42 World-Wide
Argentina › „
Australia › „
Austria › „
Brazil „ „
Bulgaria ›
Canada › „
Chile „ „
China (PR) › „
Croatia „ „
Czech Rep. ›
Equator › „
France › „
Germany › „
Greece „ „
› = Current Producers
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
India „ „
Russian Fed. › „
Iran › „
Singapore „ „
Israel › „
South Africa ›
Italy › „
South Korea › „
Japan › „
Spain › „
Jordan „ „
Sweden „ „
Malaysia › „
Switzerland ›
Netherlands „ „
Tunisia „
New Zealand „ „
Taiwan › „
Norway „ „
Turkey „ „
Pakistan › „
Ukraine › „
Poland „ „
UAE „ „
Portugal „ „
UK › „
Romania ›
USA › „
„ = Ongoing R&D
„ = Future Producers?
March 9, 2006
22 International Industrial Co-operation Developments
37
May 17, 2006
MILITARY UAVs IN INVENTORY
Europe
In service in
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czech Rep.
Denmark
Finland
France
› Delivered but
Germany
not (yet) in service
› In Service
‹ Test/Evaluation
z Demonstrator
› No longer in
service
Canada
March 9, 2006
Italy
Netherlands
Romania
Russia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
UK
Model
Hunter-B
Yastreb
Sojka III
Sperwer
Ranger
CL289
Crecerelle EW
Pointer
Hunter-F
SurveyCopter II
Aladin
CL289
KZO
LUNA
Mirach 20 & 26
Predator
Pointer & Raven
Sperwer
Shadow 600
KA-137
Tu-141 Strizh
Tu-143 & Tu-243
Pchela/Shmel
Ugglan
Mini-Vanguard
Ranger
GNAT
Harpy
Phoenix
Sperwer
SilverFox
SkyLark
›
Manufacturer
Eagle Consortium & IAI, Israel
Aviotechnica, Bulgaria
VTUL a PVO, Czech Republic
Sagem D&S, France
RUAG Aerospace, Switzerland
EADS, France & Germany
Sagem, France
AeroVironment, USA
IAI, Israel & TRW, USA
SurveyCopter, France
EMT, Germany
EADS-Dornier, Germany
Rheinmetall Def. Electr., Germany
EMT, Germany
Galileo Avionica, Italy
General Atomics AS, USA
AeroVironment, USA
Sagem, France
AAI Corp., USA
Kamov, Russia
Tupolev, Russia
Tupolev, Russia
Yakovlev, Russia
Sagem, France
Mission Technologies, USA
RUAG Aerospace, Switzerland
General Atomics AS, USA
IAI-MBT, Israel
BAE Systems, UK
›
‹
›
Sagem, France
Advanced Ceramics, USA
Elbit Systems, Israel
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
‹
z›
‹
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
›
z
›
›
›
38
May 17, 2006
MILITARY UAVs IN INVENTORY
USA
› Delivered but
not (yet) in service
› In Service
‹ Test/Evaluation
z Demonstrator
› No Longer in
Service
March 9, 2006
Model
Aerosky
Black Widow
BQM-74C Recce
Chiron
Dragon Drone
Dragon Eye
Dakota
Dragon Warrior
Evolution
Exdrone
Fire Scout
Global Hawk
Gnat & I.Gnat
Hermes 450
Hunter
Itald
K-Max
LADF
MALD
MicroStar
Neptune
Nulka
Outrider
Pelikan
Pioneer
Pointer I & II
Predator
Predator B
Raven
Raptor
RMax
Sender
Sentry
Shadow 200
SnowGoose
Tern
‹
‹
›
z
›
›
z
‹
›
›
z
›
›
z
›
›
‹
‹
‹
‹
‹
‹
›
z
›
›
›
›
›
‹
›
‹
›
›
›
›
Manufacturer
Aeronautics UAV Systems, Israel
AeroVironment, USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
Aurora Flight Sciences Corp., USA
L-3 BAI Aerosystems, USA
AeroVironment & BAI Aerosystems, USA
Naval Research Lab., USA
Sikorsky Aircraft, USA
L-3 BAI Aerosystems, USA
L-3 BAI Aerosystems, USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
General Atomics AS, USA
Elbit Systems, Israel
Northrop Grumman, USA & IAI, Israel
Israel Military Industries, Israel
Kaman Aerospace, USA
Allied Aerospace, USA (formerly MicroCraft)
Northrop Grumman, USA
BAE Systems, USA
DRS Technologies, USA
BAE Systems, Australia & US Navy
Alliant TechSystems, USA
Cirpas, USA
Pioneer UAV Inc., USA
AeroVironment, USA
General Atomics AS, USA
General Atomics AS, USA
AeroVironment, USA
NASA Dryden, USA
Yamaha Motor Company, Japan
Naval Research Lab., USA
DRS Technologies, USA
AAI Corp., USA
MMIST, Canada
L-3 BAI Aerosystems, USA
39
May 17, 2006
Military UAVs On Order
z Demonstrator
Europe
Customer
France
Germany
Greece
Italy
Netherlands
UK
North
America
Customer
Canada
USA
March 9, 2006
Designation
Carapace
Eagle 1
Sperwer
Tracker
KZO
Aladin
Sperwer
Falco
Aladin
WK 450
z Interim System
z
z
z
z
Designation
SkyLark
Dragon Eye & Raven
Fire Scout
Global Hawk
Snow Goose
Neptune
z
OAV
z
Pointer II
Predator
Predator B
ScanEagle
Shadow 200
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Manufacturer
EADS DS, France
EADS DS, France & IAI-Malat, Israel
Sagem, France
EADS DS, France & SurveyCopter, France
Rheinmetall Def. Electronics, Germany
EMT, Germany
Sagem, France
Galileo Avionica, Italy
EMT, Germany
Thales, UK & Elbit Systems, Israel
Manufacturer
Elbit Systems, Israel
AeroVironment, USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
Northrop Grumman, USA
MMIST, Canada
DRS Technologies, USA
Allied Aerospace, USA
AeroVironment, USA
General Atomics AS, USA
General Atomics AS, USA
Boeing & Insitu Group, USA
AAI Corp., USA
40
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Military Requirements
Current & Upcoming
Europe
Cyprus
Europe
France
Germany
Italy
NATO
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Spain
Sweden
Turkey
UK
SR or MR
MALE & UCAV
Mini, CR, LADP, Naval, MALE & HALE
Micro?, Mini, MALE/HALE
MRE
MALE
MALE
MR or MRE, and/or MALE
Mini, MR or MRE, and MALE
MR or MRE & MALE
SR, MR, MRE, MALE/HALE
MRE & MALE
MALE ? & (HALE?)
North America
Canada
USA
MRE & MALE?
Micro, Mini, CR, MR, MALE & HALE
Others
Australia
Chili
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Jordan
Malaysia
Pakistan
Peru
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
South Africa
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Thailand
Ukraine
U.A.E.
MR & MALE/HALE
CR/MR
MRE or MALE
SR & MALE
MR VTOL
MR & HALE
CR & MR
MR?
SR, MR & MALE?
MR
SR or MR
SR, MR, MRE, MALE
CR, SR, HALE
MR, MALE?
MRE VTOL
SR
MR
MR or MRE
MRE
MALE
March 9, 2006
41
May 17, 2006
UAVs
UNDER
DVPT
Europe
Hardware
in
various
stages
of
development
Manufacturer
Belgium
VITO
Croatia
Soko
France
Alcore Technologies
Bertin Technologies
Dassault Aviation
DSTU (Dassault & Sagem)
ECT & Isnav
EADS DS
EADS & Galileo Avionica
Germany
EADS Corp. Research
EADS & Northrop Grumman
EADS
Rheinmetall DE
Rheinmetall DE & Mavionics
International European Consortium A
European Consortium B
European Consortium C
Italy
Alenia Aeronautica
Norway
SiMiCon
Scandicraft
Portugal
IST & OGMA
Russia
Irkut
Kamov
Yakovlev
Spain
SCR & INTA
EADS CASA
Boeing R&T Europe
Sweden
Saab
UK
BAE Systems
March 9, 2006
Cranfield University
Cyberflight
QinetiQ & Cranfield Aero.
QinetiQ
Remote Group
Roke Manor Research
Designation
Pegasus (solar powered HALE)
B4 MR
Azimut & Biodrone & Epsilon & Futura
SmartBall & HoverEye (Mini VTOL)
Duc (Small/Large) (UCAV)
Slow-Fast (Moyen Duc)
Hetel VTOL
Eagle 2 & Orka & Surveyor 2500
Surveyor 600 (LADP)
QuaddroCopter (Micro)
EuroHawk (HALE)
Barrakuda (UCAV demonstrator)
Taifun (Offensive UAV)
Carolo (Micro)
Heliplat (Solar-powered HALE)
Neuron (UCAV demonstrator)
EuroMale
X-Sky (UCAV demonstrator)
unnamed rotorcraft
APID VTOL
Armor
CR
Ka-37 & Ka-137
Strekoza & Albatross (Tilt Rotor)
Alo
Siva
Fuel cell powered MRE
Sharc & Filur (UCAV demonstrators)
Herti 1A & 1B (MALE demonstrators))
Corax (UCAV demonstrator))
U-99 (UCAV demonstrator)
CyberOne & Swift-Eye (Mini)
MinO (Mini-Observer)
Zephyr (Solar-powered HALE)
Small programmable airship
Unnamed powered para-foil (expendable)
42
May 17, 2006
UAVs
UNDER
DVPT
USA
Hardware in
various stages
of development
Manufacturer
Designation
Advanced Soaring Systems
AeroVironment
Allied Aerospace
Aurora Flight Sciences
BAE Systems
BAI Aerosystems
Bell Helicopter/Lockheed Martin
Boeing
Apex
Micro & Mini UAVs
LADF & OAV
GoldenEye 50 & 100 + MarsFlyer
MicroStar & Scimitar
Isis
UCAR
A160 Hummingbird
Dragon Fly
Heliwing
X-36 UCAV research vehicle
X-45A UCAV
UCAR
Seascan & ScanEagle
SLURS
DP4
Sentry HP & Neptune
Predator B
Mariner
Gulfstream V HALE
Organic UAV
K-Max Burro
UCAR
Locaas
Kolibri
BackPack
Micro UAVs & BAT
I-2000
Various types of UAVs
BQM-145A
Fire Scout & SeaScout
Global Hawk
Sea Ferret
X-47B Pegasus UCAV
UCAR
Weaponized Hunter
Vigilante
Proteus
Cypher II?
UCAR
Archangel
Boeing & Insitu Group
Carolina Unmanned Vehicles
Dragon Fly Pictures
DRS Technologies
General Atomics AS
Gulfstream
Honeywell
Kaman Aerospace
Lockheed Martin
Lockheed Martin Voigt
Lutronix
Mission Technologies
MLB
NASA Dryden
Naval Research Lab.
Northrop Grumman
SAIC
Scaled Composites
Sikorsky
March 9, 2006
Systems Research & Dvpt Corp.
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
43
May 17, 2006
MILITARY PURPOSE UAVs
Israel
IN INVENTORY
IAI-Malat:
- Harpy
- Scout
- Searcher
- Heron
Elbit Systems:
Hermes 450S
ON ORDER
Elbit Systems:
- Hermes 450S
- Skylark
ONGOING
DEVELOPMENT
IAI-Malat:
- Heron TP
- HA310 (fuel-cell)
- HA315 (fuel-cell)
Elbit Systems:
- Hermes 1500
- Hermes 700
- Hermes 180
- Seagull
March 9, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Countries other than Canada, Europe, Israel & USA
IN INVENTORY
ON ORDER
Algeria
Australia
Bahrain
Botswana
China
Egypt
India
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Japan
Malaysia
Pakistan
Qatar
Russian Fed.
Singapore
South Korea
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Syria
Thailand
Turkey (see Europe)
Ukraine
UAE
Australia
China
India
Japan
Pakistan
Russia
South Korea
South Africa
Ukraine
ONGOING &
UPCOMING
REQUIREMENTS
Australia
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Jordan
Malaysia
Oman
Pakistan
Peru
Philippines
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
South Africa
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Thailand
Ukraine
U.A.E.
ONGOING
DEVELOPMENTS
Australia
Brazil
Chile
China
Equador
Egypt
India
Iran
Japan
Jordan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Russia
Singapore
South Korea
South Africa
Taiwan
Ukraine
U.A.E.
44
May 17, 2006
MILITARY APPLICATIONS
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
CURRENT
FUTURE
Reconnaissance
Surveillance
Target Acquisition
Decoy
Battle Damage Assessmt
Weapons Delivery
Radar Saturation
Aerial Mine Detection
Sensor Delivery
Artillery Correction
SIGINT
Battle Management
Target Designation
Comms & Data Relay
Command & Control Relay Treaty Monitoring
Urban Warfare
Digital Mapping
Offensive Missions:
Electronic Warfare
-anti-radar
Flight Path Recce
-anti-vehicle
NBC Recce
-anti-ship
Perimetric Surveillance
-anti-structure
Psychological Warfare
Maritime Surveillance
Radar Jamming
DRIVERS:
March 9, 2006
Dangerous missions -> No risk to pilot
Lesser political risks
Information = Power & Permits Precision Strike
Cost-Effectiveness in relation to manned A/C
45
May 17, 2006
Recent Military UAV Deployments
Afghanistan ’01-now
Canada
Bosnia ’93-’96
France
UN
USA
Crecerelle
Fox AT
Gnat 750
Pioneer
Predator
Kosovo ’98-’99
France
CL-289
Crecerelle
Hunter
Germany CL-289
UK
Phoenix
USA
Hunter
Pioneer
Predator
Kosovo ’05Belgium Hunter
Australia ’01 +++
March 9, 2006
USA
Global Hawk
Sperwer
SkyLark (upcom)
Germany Aladin
LUNA
Netherl. Aladin (upcom)
USA
DragonEye
Global Hawk
Pointer
Predator
Shadow 200
Djibouti/Yemen ’02
USA
Predator
East Timor ’02
Australia Aerosonde III
Solomon Islands ’03
Australia Aerosonde III
Avatar
South Korea ’03
USA
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Iraq ’03 -now
Australia
Italy
Japan
UK
USA
SkyLark (upcom)
Predator
RMax
DesertHawk (eval)
Phoenix
DarkStar B (eval)
Desert Hawk
DragonEye
Global Hawk
I.Gnat
Hunter
Pioneer
Predator
Puma
Raven
ScanEagle
Shadow 200
SilverFox
Tern
Shadow 200
46
May 17, 2006
CIVILIAN & COMMERCIAL
APPLICATIONS
FUTURE
CURRENT
Publicity Spots
TV, Cinema
Atmospheric Research
Meteorological Purposes
Agricultural Applications
Illegal Immigrant Control
UPCOMING
Forest Fire Detection
Environmental Monitoring
Border Patrol
DRIVERS:
March 9, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
Aerial Surveying
Telecommunications
Mineral Detection
Nuclear Fall-Out Detection
Atmospheric Sampling
News Broadcasting
Wildlife Monitoring
Farming & Ranching
Power Cable Verification
Fishing Industry
Pipeline Control
Maritime Surveillance
Pollution Control
Perimeter Surveillance
Search & Rescue
Industrial Site Surveillance
Disaster Relief
Rail Line Monitoring
Homeland Security
Avalanche Control
Law Enforcement
Riot Control
Mapping
Traffic Surveillance
Cost-Effectiveness
Missions impossible with manned aircraft
Missions more efficient than with manned aircraft
47
May 17, 2006
WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS?
Unifying
The
International
UAV
Community
Emerging market
Products not fully mature
Most military UAV systems are still “user specific”
Insufficient safety & reliability
High development costs + low volume production ->
High acquisition cost
Operational costs still too high -> High ownership cost
Insufficient R&D funding
No airworthiness norms
No ATM regulations
Sense & Avoid : the critical issue
Flight in non-segregated airspace is impossible
Uncoordinated individual national initiatives
Up to now no international consensus on how to proceed
Result: Civil/commercial market cannot develop
March 9, 2006
48
May 17, 2006
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE ?
Unifying
The
International
UAV
Community
INDUSTRY SHOULD BE THE DYNAMO
National approaches in co-operation with national CAAs & military
National efforts to be co-ordinated on an European scale in co-operation
with NATO, EDA, Eurocontrol, JAA, EASA, DG TREN, national CAAs
 Approaches on both sides of the Atlantic should be co-ordinated:







- industry: Access 5, ASTM, CANSO, EUROCAE, RTCA, UVS Canada, UVSI
- Authorities: EASA, Eurocontrol, JAA, NATO, FAA, ICAO
Efforts to be coordinated internationally (beyond Europe & N. America)
- Australia, Japan, Russia, S. Africa, Singapore (civil/com flight experience)
International approaches should be harmonized at the earliest stage
Standards - (operational requirements) to be defined
Definition of ATM regulations is to be initiated
A common terminology in English should defined
March 9, 2006
49
May 17, 2006
Recent & Ongoing
UAV-Related Work
EUROPEAN
NATIONAL
Finland
FDF
CAA
France
DGA-CEV USAR-FW
DGA-CEV USAR-VTOL
DGA
UAV-REG
DGAC
NAVDROC
Germany
BWB-WTD
UAV-DACH
Italy
DGAA
ENAC
Sweden
CAA
UAV Vision
FMV
UAV Vision
CAA & FMV Demo ‘07
Switzerland CAA
Swiss AF
UK
ASTRAEA
CAA
CAP722
MoD-DPA
UAVS
Position papers
USS
March 9, 2006
NON-EUROPEAN
MULTI-NATIONAL
ASD
CANSO
EASA
ECAP
EDA
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
ASG-UAV WG
UAV WG
A.NPA
UAV-Related Work
C&C + S&A studies
EMAAG
ETAP
Certification WG
Euro UAV ICB
EUROCAE
WG-73
Eurocontrol ANT
UAV-OAT TF
European Commission
ICAO
JAA/Eurontrol UAV TF
NATO
UAV-Related Work
AG7 FINAS
AG7 FINAS-USAR
SESAR
USEP
NATIONAL
Australia CASA
Canada DND
TC
Japan
JAAA
S. Africa CAA
USA
AIAA
ASTM
DHS
DND
FAA
NASA DFRC
NMSU-TAAC
RTCA
USAF
USAF RL
USCG
USN
50
May 17, 2006
Federating
The
International
UAV
Community
UVS
INTERNATIONAL
86 rue Michel-Ange
75016 Paris, France
Tel.: 33-1-46.51.88.65
Fax: 33-1-46.51.05.22
pvb@uvs-international.org
pvb@uvs-info.com
www.uvs-international.org
www.uvs-info.com
March 9, 2006
51
May 17, 2006