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file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/Tim/Desktop/carburetor-manual-welcome/index.htm[4/25/2009 11:42:20 AM]
ZORKI-4K is a single-lens rangefinder camera intended for taking
various amateur and professionalpictures on black-and-whitefilm.
The camera is provided with a shutter setting lever and a self-timer
and is 'rM, and "X'r synchronized.
The viewfinder and the rangefinder of the camera have a common
field of view and the camera eyepieceis provided with a device for
adjusting it according to a particular eyesight. Such a design of the
viewfinder ensuresperfect focusi-ngat the moment of picture taking.
The lens is focusedby turning its focusing ring. In so .doingthe rangefinder operatesautomatically irrespectiveof the focal lenglh of an lnterchangeablelens.
The camera uses a new type of a take-up spool to simplify the camera
'
loading.
The carnera acceptsstandard cassetteswith invariable slit.
The camera is delivered in two variants: with INDUSTAR-50 or
JUPITER-B lens.
Framesizermm
.
,
.
.
.
o
.
.24X36
P e r f o r a t e d f i l m w i d t h , m m .. .
Numberof framesfor one loading
.
,
,
.
.
.
,35
.36
Focalplaneshutterspeeds
.
.
,
o
.
.
Mechanical back focal distance, mm
Viewfinder eyepiecemagnification, times
Eyepieceadjustment, diopters
o
a
.
a
Threadof shutterbutton for cablerelease
T r i p o d b u s h t h r e a d , i n c hr . o . .
a
.
.
I to l/1000s"8''
(automatic),
(byband)andslow
shutterspeed
28.3
r.l5
+2,5
KO 3.5x0.6
tlq
Lens
Nominal focal length, mm
Relative aperture range
Focusing range, m
Field of view, grades
Lens stiating thread
Lens mount thread for light
f ilters
Seat for sun shade,mm
Overall dimensionsof camera
without case,mm
Mass of camera without case' kg
INDUSTAR-50or JUPITER'8
50
50
tlz to Il22
f/3.5to f/16
I tO
r. oon
I tO
45
M39XI
45
M39XI
CnM35.5X0.5
937
.. @"
CnM40.5X0.5
o 42
143x88x94
0.6
0.7
Th. !te!g{r_tManualcontainsbrief descriptiona n d m a i n r u l e s o f u s i n g
the ZORKI-4Kcamera,but it shouldnot be regarded as a handboo[
on photography.
Before starting to use the camera thoroughly study the operating
procedureaccording to the given Manual.
The camerais a complicated
opticalmechanicaldevicewhich should
be handledcarefully,kept clean and pfotectedfrom blows,moisture
and sharpchangesin temperature.
Load and unloadthe camerain diffusedlight trying to avoid clirect
sun rays. When removingthe cameracover seetd it-that the cassette
would not fall out.
Set shutter speedsonly with the shutter cocked.Do not turn the
shutterspgeddial over the intervalbetweenfigures"30" and "l".
Alw.aysset.theshuttertill stopto-avoidblanklramesduringexposing.
If the shutter faiis to set, iheck the positionof the shut-ter
ieleaJe
button and the shutter disengaginebu-sh.Before settins the shutter
directiontill stop.1!t.y shouldbe turnedin the c-iockw-ise
'burtains
Do not point the lens at the bright sun to prevenf
from
burning through
Do not touch surfacgsof optical
'clean dgtails with hands since this t-t likely
the coate.doptical details only. flgf
i-o-du"nr;g;-ih;ir ;;;iing.
"rtriOJ Tuittra clean soft piece of fabric dr cotton wool slightly
moistened*itfi i..titi.O alc6hol,ether (petroleumor sulphuric), or, if
these means are absent,with toilet eau'de'Cologne.
To close the case with the camera in it check that:
a) the case tripod screw would be tightened uP;
't "
b) the lens would be set at mark oo of the distance scale;
gp;.i
set at any shutter speed except for
be
wouia
dtT
;i th. ;h;it.;
those from l/60-to I second.
-10'C),
When using the camerain frosty.weather (below
\..p it under
foi the moment of photograonly
oirt
it
tiiiing
i;|f-riii.[.ioitrui,phing.
take
If the camera is brought from cold in a warm room, do not
of
it out of its.case for 2-3 frouis to let it take the temperature
ambient air.
case...In so doing the lens
a closed carrying
'unJ
"
Keep the camera in
thA-ihutter rn? self-timer should 5e released.
shoulcl be .upiu?
fi9:. 1..Front view. l-self-timer lever; 2-self-timer releasebutton;
3-f lash lamp socket; 4-rangefinder window; b-range-viewfindei
window; 6-lens; 7-detachable cover locks; g-triiod nut
Fig. 2. Top view. 9-diopter adjustmgntlever; lO-attachment groove;
I I ]-shutter speed dial; i z-synchronization scale; l3-shutter release
I6-svn.iu'ril,'"*|ever;
I4-exposure,ir:Hjn#'ltjflTfil
button;
Fig. 3. Rear view of camera with coyer removed. l7-range-viewf inder
eyepiece;l8-film rewind knob; lg,-csssette spool guide; 20-sprocket;
2l-take-up spool; 22-shutter disengaging birsh; 2 3 - f i l m t r a c k s l i d e
10
Fis. 4. JUPTTER-8and INDUSTAR'6Olenses.24-ring with aperture
25-focusing ring with distance scale and index mark of apgLrcil.; 'scale;
27-aperture setting. ring with
26-dEpth-df-field scale;
iuii
'aperture
scale and distance scale;
index maric; 28-foiusing ring with
Zg-depth.ot-Iieldicale; &g-lens mounting ring
5 . I . C A M E R AL O A D T N G
Turn off the screwon the casebottom and remove
the camerafrom the case.
Raisetwo locking clips on the camerabase plate
and turn them as far- as they will go; mov6 the
coveralong its groovesand tdke it ofT the camera.
Placethe cassettewith film in the seat and put
it
'
on the cassette
spoolguide.
.
-of
Full the film end-out
the cassetteas long as to
the cameraedge,insert it in the take-upspoil slot.
see that a sprockettooth would enter a pdrforation
hole.
Insert the detachablecover into the cameraguide
groo.ves
a.qdmove it as far as it will go. GivE the
locking clips half a turn till stop anl then sink
them into their recesses.
set the shutter,-press
the releasebutton.on setting
the shutterthe film movesbv oneframe.To'advance
part of f ilm to' the f ilm gate set and
unexposed
releasethe shuttertwo times.
n
Before releasingthe shutter after the sec.ondsetting
set f igure "0". 6f titg exposurecounter dial against
the in?ex mark on the shutter setting lever.
lf ltre film is wound tightly in the cassette,the film
rewind knob will rotale when the shutter is b.ilg
u.t. Sfiouia the film be wound loose in the cassette,
itte t nob will fail to rotate at the initial frames.
Now vou can put the camera into its case' Do not
i;;g.f io tighien up the tripod screw in the case
bottom.
IG
5 . 2 .S HU T T E RS P E E DS E T TN
T2
may be set9.nly*ilq the shutterset'
Shutterspeeds
puii up the shutteispeeddiai and turn it till a re'
oriiua"ftuit.i ip.uO value is set againstthe index
H;;k. 16Ga; tti. oiul in sucha wfy that it would
be fixed withoutPressing.
corresponFigureson the shutterspeeddial denote
'(8" - handeiti;'f*;dio;s of a secondand letter
shuttersPeed.
conTrolled
l- second,set the
To obtainanixi;.ti* longerth1o
"B'l' In this casethe
dial indexmark againstle"tter
buttonis pressed'
the-release
;h"t6-i;ird;;;'titt
I
To obtain a still longer exposurethe releasebutton can be fixcd in this
position by turning it counlerclockwiseas far as it will go. The exposing
over, return the button into the initial position.
To avoid mechanismdisengaging, do not rotate the button without need.
It should be rememberedthat to set the shutter speedsof l, ll2, ll4,
l/8, l/15, l/60 of a second,an additional effort is required to wind an
additional delayed-actionmechanism spring. When the shutter speed
d ial is being ieset f or a shorter exposuretime, the delayed.actiott
mechanism is heard operating.
B e s i d e s i t , w h e n s h u t t e r s p e e d s o fl ; l 1 2 ; l 1 4 ; l / 8 ; l / 1 5 a n d l / 6 0 t h
of a second are used, the-shutter speed dial is fixed somewhat higher
as comilaredto other shutter speed settings.
t
5 . 3 .L E N SA P E R T U R ES E T T I N G
aperturevaluewith the indexmark (dot) by rotating
Matctra selected
the ring with an aperturescaleof JUPITER-8lens (or the ring with
the indexmark of INDUSTAR-50
lens).
For convenience
eachof the indicateillenseshas two equivalentaper'
ture scalesand two corresponding
indexmarks,
t3
5,4, FOCUSING
Objectshaving sharp contoursshouldbe selected
1,4
IOr IOCUSlng.
Watching through the range-viewfinder eyepiece,
turn the diopter adjustment lever to obtain the
sharpestimage of an object in the eyepiece.
In the centre of the viewfinder field of view there
can be seen a yellowish rectangle with a double
image of the object being viewed in it. Turn the lens
ring to match the two images of the same
focusing
-Keep
in mind that the image should be
object.
foCusedin the centre of the yellowish field.
The image can be focusedby the lens distancescale
calibrate-d in metres as well. In such a case the
distance to the object being photographedshould
be known beforehand.
The viewfinder enablesto see the limits of picture.
For correct framing bring your eye as close to the
eyepiece as possib-le;in do doing . the - yellowish
r6cfanele should be piaced in the ceitre of the viewf inderTietAof view. if the aboverules are not follo'
wed, framing is likely to be wrong i. e. the limits
of imageseenin the viewfinderwould fail to cor'
iuti""[ to itre frame limits on the negative.
To take a pictureof severalobjectsplacedat diffe'
;;i aiaGnt;jiom thi camerarus€ ihould be made
;i"; ?;pi[-"f-fietA scale.ftre scale consistsof the
apertur.nu*blr! iepeatedon both sidesof the main
' ir|iex.il;il'Wfien ftre apertureis. set and the lens
il f;diud,-itte-iiniitJ of'depth of field can be read
pairs'on the distancescale.
;gffi;iil'ei;;umler
with th. lens focusedfor 3 m and
For example-,.
uperturedi'iig, iwo figures2.? ry and 4.8 m on the
distancescaiJwiit-U.iet againstdivisionsI of the
'f ield scale.
depth-of
Thesedistancesare called the near and f ar limits
;f'eupth J ii.ia. OU;gctsplace-dnearerthan 2.2 m
;; frnliir ittan-4.8m,'will'be blqrredin the.picture'
field may coincidewith
o1iitl-l-ipth-of
i'dlui iimii-;;tk
"-{ ''--oi even gomq
the
td; infinifv
.b9yo19
placed
distdncesdate.l; sucha cise all the.o.bjects.initv
b;ffi;;; th;'ft;i timif of depthof field hnd inf
will be sharPon film.
It shouldbe kept in mind tha! the larger Ih" aper'
i;*, ih; smalleiis the depthof f ield and viceversa.
15
5.5.PHOTOGRAPHING
To take a picture do the foltowing:
a) load the camera;
b) take the cap off the lens;
c) set the lens aperture (if required put a light
filter or a sun shadeon the lens);
d) set the shutter;,
e) set a required shutter speed;
f) watching through the eyepieceof the range-viewf inder, point the camera at the object, adjust the
eyepieceaccording to your eye and focus the lens;
g) smoothly press the shutter release button.
NOTE. When using shutter speeds slower than
ll30 s it is recommendedto mount the camera on
a tripod and to screw a cable release into of the
releasebutton bush.
16
5 . 6 .C A M E R A U N L O A D I N G
When the exposurecounter shows figure 36 rewind
the film into- the cassette.For this almr
a) remove the case;
b) turn the shutter disengaging bush in the clockwise direction as far as if will ko;
c) pull the film rewind knob up-wardsand rotate it
in the arrow direction till the feel of the applied
force indicatesthat the film end has left the take-up
spool;
d) take the cover of f the camera and remove the
cassette;
e) turn the shutter disengaging bush counter.
clockwiseas far as it will go.
lever lails to set in action the
If the shutter settine
-after
rewinding the film, turn
shutter mechanism
the releasebutton clockwise as faias it will go or
turn the shutter setting lever simultaneouslyholding
the sprocket. Set the shutter and relese it to check
the niechanismoperation.
Mount the cover on the camera or load the camera
cassette with f ilm according to pawith another"Camera
loading".
ragraph 5.1.
T7
6.1.SELF-TIMEROPERATIN9
The self-timeris used when one wishesto photographoneself.For this aim do the following:mount
the cameraon a tripod, set the shutterand set the
self-timerby turning the self-timerleverdownwards
as far as it will go.
Set a requiredapertureand shutterspeed;selectan
object and focus the lens.
Press the self-timer releasebutton and take your
place in front of the lens. The shutter operatesin
no lessthan 9 secondsafter pressingthe button.
Thb ZORKI-4K cameraallows to use flash lamps
when taking picturewith the help of the self-timer.
18
6 . 2 .P H O T O G R A P HNI G
WITH FLASH LAIITPS
To take pictures in conditions of poor illumination
ifmtt- iirfipr are used. For this aim plug a tip. of
;ilasdGtitp connectingcord into the iamera socket'
"M" of the synchro'
To use a flash bulb set letter
nization scale against the dot on the camera plate'
'is
to be used, letter :'X"
When an electronic flash
strouiAbL set against the index dot of the synchronization scale.
The shutter speed of USO is better to use when
when gating
photographing'with flash lamps, i:.!:.
"8" is not desi'
is f uli Handlcontrolled exposure
iabie when using ttash lanips, since a considerable
amount of stray Tight gets into the camera and may
result in a blurred image.
NOTE. When photographing without flash lamps,
the synchronizition 5cale position may be free.
19
6 . 3 .L E N S C H A N G I N G
The pictureis taken with
a 135mm lens.
z0
lenThe ZORKI-4K acceptsall the interchangeable
s e si n t e n d e df o r Z O R K I t y p e o f c a m e r a s .
To change a lens set the shortest distanceby the
distancescale and screw the lens out of the camera
by turning it counter-clockwise.
W h e n s c r e w i n gi n a n i n t e r c h a n g e a b l e n s , b e s u r e
t o s e t i t a t t h e s h o r t e s td i s t a n c ea s w e l l .
T o t a k e p i c t u r e sw i t h i n t e r c h a n g e b llee n s e sv i e w i n g
s h o u l d b e p e r f o r m e dw i t h t h e h e l p o f a u n i v e r s a l
o r i n d i v i d u a lv i e w fi n d e r w h i c h s h o u l d b e s e t i n t h e
camera attachmentgroove.
lensesare focusedin the samewa5r
Interchangeable
as the main (standard
) one.
H o w e v e r ,i t s h o u l db e k e p t i n n r i n d t h a t s r l r c h a n ging of the main (standard
) l e n s f o t a n o t h e ro n e
iequires additional adjusting of this lens to the
cam e r a .
R E F E R E N CTEA B T E
of sensitivityunits of differentsensitometric
systemsfor photographic
rnaterialsof normal contrast(y:0.8*,1.0)
rocT-ASA 16 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 r00 130 160200 250 320 400 500
DIN
13 t4 15 16 t7 18 19 20 2t 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Vneshtorgizdat
No. 5159M
Ord. 383
2T