WAO ANNUAL STATISTICS 2AO2

WAO ANNUALSTATISTICS2AO2
Refuge services
Face-to-facecounselIing
Telephonecounselling
Preparedby:
AmalieLyhneLarsenandJessieAng
Assistedby:
NazlinaAbd Ghani,shobaAiyar,chong see Munand NormahMohdNoor
'Nomen's Aid Organisation(WAO)
P . O . B o x 4 9 3 , Ja l a n S u l ta n
46760 PetalingJaya
Selangor, Malaysia
Tel: 603-79563488
Fax 603-79563237
E-mai|: wao@po.jaring.nry
l'lo pdt cf thb de.rrent should be copied, reproduced, ad@ted, stored in a rdrieval
systern or transmitted in any form
withod ti€ priq pemission frornWAO.
WAO stati$ics 2002
OUR SERVIGESTHROUGHTHE YEARS.....
.....,4
SHELTER/REFUGE
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
1 . R ea so n sforseekingshelter...
2. Number of children
3 . Nu m b e r o fv isits...
......
4. Sourcesof awareness...
5. Length of stay.,.
6 . Re sid e n ce.............................. . . . . .
7. Ag e ...
8. N ati on a lity.........
9- lVlaritalstatus...-..
10. Lengrthof the relationship
11. EducaUonal
level.,
12. Occupation...
13. Income
........5
5
. . . . . -. . . . . . . . . .6.
6
6
7
7
7
8
B
9
9
10
B. INFORMATIONON DOMESTICVIOLENCE
a) INFORil4ATIONON THEABUSE
1. Typesofabuse...
2. Typesof physicalabuse......
3. Lengthof time in abusivesituation....
4. Frequencyof the abuse..
5. Numberof times\,\romen
triedto leavethe abusivesituation...
b) INFORIVIATIONON THE PERPETRAToRS
6. Relationshipto the residents......
7 . Age .
8 . Na ti on a lity......
9 . Ed u ca ti onal
level..
1 O.Occu p a ti on...
1 1.Inco m e
'12.Triggeringfactors..
1 3. C r i m i narl ecord...
14. InterimProteclion
Order(lPO)...
c) oUTCOMES
15. Status of the \i,omenat the end of 2OO2...
16. Reasonscitedfor retuminghome.....
17. Types of accomodation...
18. Occupdrion......
WAO statistics 2@2
11
.-.......11
.............11
.... 12
..... 12
13
. . . . . . . .1 3
.............................13
........14
....14
.......14
.........15
. . . . .1 5
......15
.........
16
17
17
17
C. MIGRANT DOMESTICWORKERABUSE
a) INFORIVIATION
ON THE ABUSE
1. Type so fabuse....
bf the abuse.......
2- Fr e q u e n c!'
b) INFoRNIAT|ONON THE PERPETRATORS
3 . Age ...
4. Ethnicity
5. Occu p a ti on...
c) OUTCOMES
6. Statusof.theMDW at the end of 2OO2.
. . . . . . 19
. . .. . .. . . . . . . 1 9
20
20
....2O
......... 21
FACE-TGFACE COUNSELLING
A. GENERALINFORMATION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Problemsfaced.....
Otherproblems
faced...
N ee d so f the clients..,
So u r ce sofawareness.....
R esid e n ce.........
Ag e ..
N ati on a lity......
l tia r itaf
status...
Occu p a tion...
...-- 22
....-22
. . . . . . . 23
. . . . . . --. 23
. . . . . . . . . . . . 23
......23
. . . . . . 24
. . . . -. -. . . . --. . -- . 2 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . -2 4
B. INFORMATIONON DOMESTICVIOLENCE
a) INFORII/ATIONON THEABUSE
1. Types of abuse...
2. Lengrthof time in abusivesituation...
b) INFORI\4AT|ONON THE PERPETRATORS
3. Refationship
to the clients..
4. Lengrthof the relationship
with the perpetrators
5. Occu p a tion...
6. N ati on a lity......
25
...-. 26
....-..---26
.....26
. . . . . . . . 27
. . . . . . 27
TELEPHONEGOUNSELLING
A. GENERALINFORMATION
1. Re a so n sforthecall......
:-:i.HH:iIT:H:"T:
5.
6.
7.
8.
N ati on a lity............
Age ..
Occupation.,.
N ee d so f the callers...
WAO statistics 20O2
. . . --2 8
is
'''..'..'.''......
. . . . . . . . . 30
.... 31
31
........31
B. /f{rcRMAI'OA'
ON THE CAttS FOR DOMESNCWOLENCE
a) TNFORTdAnONON THE ABUSE
1. Typesof abuse...
b) INFORI\j|AilQN Ott THE PERPETRATORS
2. Ftelationshipto the clients.
WAO stdbtircs 2002
.......32
....-.... 32
Number of uromenwho utilizedWAO's services in 2002:
Shelter/Refuge:122
Faeteface counseling 87
Tefephone counselling;147B
WAO figures since September1982
Year
1982€3
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
'1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1 99 9
2000
2001
2AO2
Total
WAO stdistics 2O02
Shelter/Refuge
57
129
53
50
ol
83
90
75
74
62
91
97
88
9B
109
101
120
105
1'15
122
1780
Face-to-face
nla
n/a
nla
nla
30
79
114
109
BO
74
84
91
57
52
52
50
52
M
95
87
1150
Telephone
200
369
592
843
822
641
140s
1512
1857
2462
1321
1358
1428
1800
11 5 0
1241
1120
981
1063
1478
23,41
WAO STATISTIGS2OO2
A. GENERALINFORMATION
122 vrrontentrere given shelter in2OO2.
7. Reasons for seeking shelter
* While \,rrornenseek refuge primaritybecause of domesticMolence(620A),WAO also offers shelterto
u,omenwho are faced with other problems and are in need of refuge.
Reason for seeking shelter
Domestic violence
Single mother problems
Housing problems
Migrant dornestic worker problems
lncest
Rape
Family protilems
Problems with employer
Trafficked
Sexual harassment
Depression
Refuqee
Total
Number
75
10
7
15
I
a
I
4
2
J
1
2
122
Percentage
61.5
8.2
5.7
12.3
0.8
0.8
3.3
1.6
2.5
0.8
0.8
1.6
100.0
2. Number of children
* Wonen seeking refuge sometimes bring their childrenwith them but most often they will leave behind
some of their childrento be taken care of by other membersof the family. So even though the \ircmen
had a total of at least 220 children,only 11Qrir,erebroughtto the shelter.
* Even though almostthreequartersof the womencomingfor shelterhad children,more than half of
them (57%) did not bring any childrenwith them to WAO. Most of the uomen who bring childrenwith
them, bring only one (16%)ortwo (13%).
Ghildren atWAO
None
1 child
2 children
3 children
4 children
5 children
6 children
Total
WAO statisths 2OO2
Number
69
20
lo
9
4
3
1
122
Percentage
56.6
16.4
13.1
7.4
3.3
2.5
0.8
100.0
3. Number of rasits'
* The vast rnajority of the residentsin 2002lr,erenew clients (82o/o)
while 21 \A,omen(18olo)had been
residents.in previous years. Four of the residentssoughtshelterWAO for the third or fourth time. Some
residents carne rirore than once in the sarneyear.
* Fifteen of the 22 ex-residentscoming once againfor shelterwere victims-survivorsof domestic violence
The others had housing problems(2), had problemswith employer(3), one had family problemsand one
sufferedfrom depression.
Number of visits to WAO
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Total
Number
100
18
3
1
122
Percentage
82.0
14.8
2.5
0.8
100.0
4. Sources of annareness
" The major scurces of awarenessare: media,\ romenthemselves(ex-residents),NGOs,friends and
police.
* There is a big increasethis year in mediabeingthe sourceof awareness,from 6% last year to 18olo
this year.
Source of awareness
NGOs
Welfare
Hospitals/One-stopCentre
Police
Media
Self (ex-resident)
Other ex-residents
Relatives
Friends
Religiousinstitution
Other
Total
Not available
Total
Number
1B
A
6
13
21
20
3
5
17
7
E
120
2
122
Percentage
14.8
4.1
4.9
10.7
17.2
16.4
2.5
4.1
13.9
5.7
4.1
98.4
1.6
100.0
Valid Percentage
15.0
4.2
5.0
10.8
17.5
16.7
2.5
4.2
14.2
5.8
4.2
100.0
5. Lengtt of sfay
" Ttrr,enty-sixpercent of the residentsstayedat the shelterfor less than a u,eek compared to 22o/olast
year. Nearly half (47Yo)of the residentsstayedfor at leasta month.There are no major changesin ihe
residents'length of stay in 2OO2comparedto 2001.Houever,there is a slight increasein the percentage
of residents staying for less than two weeks (44o/ocomparedto 37o/olast year).
WAO statisiics 2OO2
Length of stay
Less than a ueek
l to2tir,eeks
2 to 3lreeks
1 to 2 months
2 to 3 months
Itlorethan 3 months
Total
Number
32
22
11
24
13
20
122
Percentage
26.2
18.0
9.0
19.7
10.7
16.4
100.0
6. Resrdence
came from either Selangor(620/o)
or Wilayah Persekutan- Kuala
" ilrfostof the residents (S3o/o)
Lumpur (21%).
Wlayah Persekutan
Selangor
Perak
NegeriSembilan
Kelatan
Pahang
Kedah
A/lelaka
Penang
Sabah
Total
Number
26
75
2
J
2
1
4
3
4
1
1
122
Percentage
21.3
61.5
1.6
2.5
1.6
0.8
3.3
2.5
3.3
0.8
0.8
100.0
7. Age
* The residents vrere mostly in their 2Os(42o/o)
or 30s (33o/o).
Age
Less than 2O years old
2Oto 29
30 to 39
4Oto 49
50 years old end over
Total
Number
17
51
40
11
3
'122
Percentage
13.9
41.8
32.8
9.0
25
100.0
8. Nationalityr
* More than three{uarters of the residentsvr,ereMalaysian(80%).The otherswere foreignersfrom
lndonesia,Thailand,Philipines,lndia,lraq,CambodiaandAustralia.
WAO statistics 2OO2
Nationality
N/lalaysian
lndonesian
Thai
Filipina
lndian
lraqi
Cambodian
Australian
Total
Number
97
18
1
I
I
2
I
1
122
Percentage
79.5
14.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.6
0.8
0.8
100.0
* The 97 Malaysian vr/omenrir,eremostly
Indian (55o/o)and Malay (3106).
Ethnicity
lvlalay
Chinese
Indian
Others
Tctal
Number
30
12
53
2
97
Percentage
30.9
12.4
54.6
2.1
100.0
9. Maritalsfafus
* Half of the residentsu,erelegally manied (5O%),and 27 % of them r,r,eresingle. Trarclvepercent vrere
divorcedor separated,and only 77oraeremanied throughcustomaryrites.
Marital status
Single
Legallymanied
Manied trlrough customaryrites
Uving together
Divorced
Separated
Widowed
Total
Number
33
61
8
Percentage
27.O
50.0
A
.+
3.3
6.6
5.7
0.8
100.0
a
7
1
122
o.o
10. Length of the relationship
* For the 80 v\Dmenwho ra,ereeithermanied,livingtogetheror separated,the lengthof the relationship
is shown here. The majorityof the \ rcmen( 639.'s)
had been in a relationshipfor 1 to 10 years.
WAO statistics20O2
Length
Less than 1 year
1 to 5 years
6 to 10 years
1 1 to 15 years
16 to 20 years
21 to 25 years
lvlorethan 25 years
Total
Not available
Not mani ecUcohabiting/seperated
Total
Number
2
25
25
17
6
3
2
80
2
40
122
Percentage
1.6
20.5
20.5
13.9
4.9
2.5
1.6
65.6
1.6
32.8
100.0
Valid Percentage
2.5
31.3
31.3
21.3
7.5
3.8
2.5
100
77. Educational level
* Almost all of the residentshad at least primaryeducation(95%).Thirty-sixpercenthad achievedSPM
and 150,6had post-secondaryeducation.
Education level
None
Primary
SRP
SPM
Diploma/Form6
Degree
Total
Not available
Total
Number
5
31
19
39
I
7
110
12
122
Percentage
4.1
25.4
15.6
32.O
7.4
5.7
90.2
9.8
100.0
Valid Percentage
4.5
28.2
17.3
35.5
8-2
6.4
100.0
12. Occupation
* Forty-five percent of the residentswere not employed,some of them being homemakersand others
being unableto find a job.
* The others rrere mostly employedas generaluiorkers/cleaners(13olo),
rllere self-employed(8%) or
rnereclericaluorkers (B%).
WAO statistics 2OO2
Occupation
Unemployed
Homemaker
Factory/productionvrorker
Gleaner/General'uorker
Professionalvlorker
Technical ra,orker
Self-employed/Business
Ad ministrator/[\Ianager
Student
Clerical r,rorker
Sales rirorker
Services uorker
Total
Not available
Total
19
6
16
4
2
10
3
3
10
3
B
119
3
122
28.7
15.6
4.9
13.1
3.3
1.6
8.2
2.5
2.5
8.2
2.5
6.6
97.5
2.5
100.0
29
16.0
5.0
13.4
3.4
1.7
8.4
2.5
2.5
8.4
2.5
6.7
100.0
13. lncome
* Forty-eightpercent
of the residentsdid not have any income;12o/ohadan incomebetra,een
RM 2oo
and RM 399 wfrile17o/ohad
an incomeaboveRM 1OOO.
Incorne
None*
RM 200 - 399
RM 400 - 599
RM 600 - 799
RM 800 - 999
> RM 1,000
Total
Not available
Total
* 53 rirromen
urerenot employedffi
WAO statistics20O2
5B
14
I
11
10
20
121
1
122
47.5
11.5
6.6
9.0
8.2
16.4
99.2
0.8
100.0
47.9
11.6
6.6
9.1
8.3
16.5
100.0
10
B. INFORMATIONON DOMESTICVIOLENCE
a) |NFORI|AT|ON ON THE ABUSE
Ont of 122 nomen, 75 uere victims-survivorsof domestic violence (62oh\1. Types of abuse (multiple answers)
* The most frequent type of abuse are physical (93o/o)and psychological(88o/o).
tVlorethan half of the
\ji,omenu,ere socially abused,almost half were financially abused and25oh\iveresexually abused.
Type of abuse-
Number
Percentage
Psychological
Social
Financial
Sexual
oo
40
36
19
88.0
53.3
48.0
25.3
2 Types of physical abuse (multiple answers)
* Beatingwith hands and kickingis the kind of physicalabuse that occurs in almostall the cases (92oh).
A large proportion of the physicalabuse also involves beating with objects (35%) or throwing objects
(35o6).
Beatingwith hands and kicking
Beating with objects
Throwing objects
Hitting aga;nst'waillthrown
on floor
Assault with knife
Scalding/lcuming
Other
69
26
26
16
13
3
6
92.0
u.7
u.7
21.3
17.3
4.O
8.0
3. Length of time in abusive situation
* For the vast majority of rrromen(640/o),
the abuse started before or within the first year of their
relationshipwith the abuser.
firstviolent
inciOent
Before maniage
Within the first year
\Mthin the second year
\Mrthinthe'third year
\Mthin the fifth year
After the fifth year
Total
Abuser otherthan husband
Total
WAO statistics 20O2
Number
10
33
6
3
5
10
67
8
75
Percentage13.3
M. O
8.0
4.O
6.7
13.3
89.3
10.7
100.0
Valid Percentage
14.9
49.3
' 9.0
4.5
7.5
14.9
100,0
* Almost half (41%)
of the womenhad beenin the abusivesituationbetvrreen
1 to 5 years and 35%
betlrcen 6 to 10 years.Threeof the residentshad been in the abusivesituationfor more
than 20 y€rs.
of tinre '
Less than 1 year
1 to 5 years
6 to 10 years
11 to 15 years
16 to 20 years
lr4orethan 2Oyears
Total
Not available
Total
Nunrber
7
30
zo
5
3
3
74
1
75
Percentage
9.3
40.0
34.7
6.7
4.O
4.O
98.7
1.3
100.0
Valid Percentage
17.3
14.7
24.O
13.3
5.3
2.7
2.7
16.0
95.0
4.O
'!00.0
18.1
15.3
25.0
13.9
5.6
2.8
2.8
16.7
100.0
9.5
40.s
3s.1
6.8
4.1
4.1
100.0
4. Frequency ofthe abuse
4 to 5 times a week
2 to 3 times a week
Once a vraeek
Once fortnight
Once a month
Only oncelhMce
Unprediclable
Total
Not available
Total
13
11
1B
10
4
2
2
12
72
3
'':rc
5. Number of times women tried to leave the abusive situation
* 51 of the
uomen (68%)had madeat leastone previousattemptto leavethe abusivesituation.
* Of these
51 u,omen,24o/ohadtried onlyonce beforewhile 26% had tried to leave 5 times or more.
How rm
tirnes
Once
Twice
Three times
Four times
Five times or more
Total
Never left before
Not available
Total
' -3#AClStatrsti cs 20O2
Number
12
12
11
J
13
51
19
5
75
Percent
16.0
'16.0
14.7
4.O
17.3
68.0
25.3
6.7
100.0
Valid
23.5
23.5
zt.o
5.9
25.5
100.0
12
b) INFoRMATION ON THE PERPETRATORS
The following informationon the perpetratorsreinforcesthe understandingthat batterers corne from all
classes, tztcesahd professions.
6. Relationsfiip fo the residents
* Uolo of the perpetratorsvrerehusbandsor ex-husbands.
Relationship
Husband/ex-husband
Parents
Boyfriend/ex-boyfriend
Cohabitee
Other
Brother
Male ln-laws
Total
Not available
Total
Number
Percent
82.7
4.O
2.7
4.O
1.3
1.3
2.7
98.7
1.3
100.0
Valid Percentage
83.8
4-'l
2.7
4.1
1.4
1.4
2.7
100.0
Number
1
13
u
Percentage
1.3
17.3
45.3
16
8
72
3
75
21.s
10.7
96.0
4.0
100.0
Valid Percentage
1.4
18.1
47.2
22.2
11.1
100.0
62
3
2
3
1
1
2
74
1
75
7. Age
* The perpetratorswere mostly in their 30s (47%).
Age
Less than 20 yearsold
2Oto 29
30 to 39
40 to 49
50 years old and over
Total
Not available
8. Nationality
Almost all perpetratorsin 2002 rrtereMalaysian(99%).The ethnic groups are represented
as follows:Indian(66%),Malay(19olo),
Chinese(14o/o)
and one Bangladeshi.
Nationality
Malaysian
Australian
Total
Not available
WAO staiistics 2OO2
Number
73
1
74
1
75
Percentage
97.3
1.3
98.7
1.3
100.0
Valid Percentage
98.6
1.4
100.0
13
Ethnicity
Malay
Chinese
lndian
Bangladeshi
Total
Not available
Total
Number
14
10
48
1
73
2
75
Percentage
18.7
13.3
64.0
1.3
97.3
2.7
100.0
Valid Percentage
19.2
13.7
65.8
1.4
100.0
9. Educational level
* 27o/oof the perpetratorshave only primaryor no educationat all, while25% have reached SPM level
and 22o/ohave post-secondaryeducation.
Education level
None
Primary
SRP
SPi\4
Diploma/Form6
Degree
Post graduate
Total
Not available
Total
Number
2
14
16
15
8
4
1
60
15
75
Percentage
2.7
18.7
21.3
20.0
10.7
5.3
1,3
80.0
20.o
100.0
Valid Percentage
3.3
23.3
26.7
25.0
13.3
o-t
1.7
100.0
1O.Occupation
* Only 1496vrere unemployed.Most of
the perpetratorsrrvereeither generalvrorkers(25o/o)or selfemployed(24o/o).
Occupation
Homemaker
FactoryiProduclionurcrker
Cleaner/Generalworker
Professional
Technicelu,orker
Self-employecUBusi
ness
Ad ministrator/Manager
Clericaluorker
Sales
Services vnorker
Total
Not available
Total
Number
Percentage
Valid Percentage
1
4
18
5
9
17
1
1
3
3
72
3
75
1.3
5.3
24.O
6.7
12.O
22.7
13
1.3
4.O
4.O
96.0
4.O
100.0
1.4
5.6
25.O
6,9
12.5
23.e
1.4
1.4
4.2
4.2
100.0
17.lncome
* The majorityof
the perpetrators(59%)had an incomeof at leastRM 1000.
WAO statistics 2OO2
't4
lncone
None
RM 200 - 399
RM 400 - 599
RM 600 - 799
RM 800 - 999
> RM 1,000
Total
Not available
Total
Number
I
3
1
2
9
34
58
17
75
Percentage
12.O
4.O
1.3
2.7
12.O
45.3
77.3
22.7
100.0
Valid Percentage
15.5
5.2
1.7
3.4
15.s
58.6
100.0
12- Triggering fiactors (multiple answers)
* Jealousy (41W and suspicion (39026)
on the part of the perpetratorseemed to be the major
triggering faciors.Other factors were financial problems (32%), alcohol (31olo)and the men's extra-marital
affair(s) (28%). Holrever,18 uromensaid that the beatingsstart for no reasonat all.
Triggering factor
No reason
Jealousy
Suspicion
Financialproblems
Alcohol
Extr+ma ritaI affa ir(s)
Work-related stress
ln-laus interference
Sexual
Drugs
Gambling
Chil*related problems
Other
Number
18
31
29
24
23
21
10
10
7
6
6
5
15
Percentage
24.O
41.3
38.7
32.0
30.7
28.0
13.3
13.3
9.3
8.0
8.0
6.7
20.0
13. Criminal record
* Trirenty-tvr,o
percent of the perpetratorshad a criminal record for crimes other than domestic violence.
Past conviction
No
:'t.'Erl
Not available
Total
Number
Percentage
Valid Percentage
52
67
B
75
69.3
89.3
10.7
77-6
100.0
100.0
14. Domedic Wolence Act: Interim Protection Order (IPO)
* WAO's social workers and law reform
officers helped 44o/oof the victirn-survivorsof domestic violence
to get an lPO.
WAO statistics 2O@
15
Yes
No
TGI
Not available
39
70
5
Total
Have an IPO
Yes
No
To'tal
Did not ask for one wl'rileat WAO
Total
55.7
100.0
75
52.O
93.3
6.7
100.0
Number
26
19
45
30
75
Percentage
34.7
25.3
60.0
40.0
100.0
Valid Percentage
57.8
42.2
100.0
Percentage
12.O
16.0
28.0
6.7
65.3
100.0
Valid Percentage
42.9
57.1
100.0
* ln 8o/o of the cases the perpetratorsviolatedthe lPO.
lPOMolation
Yes
No
Total
Not available
Do not have an IPO
Total
Number
9
12
21
5
49
75
c) OUTCOMES
* The \nornencome to the shelteras a temporarysolutionto get some rest,some time to
evaluate their situation and get back on their feet. Some will assure a secure altemativefor themselves
and their children,othersdecideto go backto live with the perpetrator.We now take a look at the status
of the victinrsurvivorsof domesticviolenceat the end of 2OO2.
f5. Status of the women at the end of 20O2
* &o/o of the \fiomenwere living independently;23o/oof the \^,omenvr,entback to live with the perpetrator;
796 retumed to own home; 4o/olefi.thecountryto stay in their countryof originwhile one v\Dmanwas still
at WAO at the end of the year.
Stahrs
Still at WAO
Went back to
situation
Living independently
Left for another centre
Left the countryto countryof origin
Retumed to own home
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistics 2002
1
16
45
0
3
5
70
5
75
1.3
21.3
60.0
0.0
4.O
6.7
93.3
6.7
100.0
Valid Pe
1.4
22.9
64.3
0.0
4.3
7.1
100.0
f 6. Reasons cifed for going back to an abusive situation (multiple answers)
* 16 uromenleft the shelterto continuethe rdationshipwith theirformerabuser.Eighty-onepercent
of
them said they ttanted to give their husbandsanotherchance;half of the vrCImen
said thier husband had
agreed to chang6 and stop the abuse while 440,6uent back to the abusive situationdue to financial
reasons. Unfortunately,WAO is unable to monitor once the \l/omenretum to an abusive situation.
Reason
Give husbandanotherchance
Children'sscfrooling
Financialreasons
Husbans agree<ito change
Underthreat from husband
lllnessin family
Other reasons
17. Type of accomodation
Number
13
8
I
6
J
1
3
Percentage
81.3
50.0
43.8
37.5
18.8
6.3
1B.B
.J"
$w '*u''*1'
\.}
l
* 60 ra,omenare now living independently,
(45o/o)
mostlystayingwith family/relatives
or in a rented or
ownedapartrnentor house (30%).
Accornodation
Rentinghouse/room,own home
\Mth family/relatives
\Mth friends
ln a registeredhome
Providedby employer
Other
Total
Not applicable
Total
Number
18
27
9
1
4
1
60
15
75
Percentage
24.O
36.0
12.O
1.3
5.3
1.3
80.0
2A.O
100.0
Valid Percentage
30.0
45.0
15.0
1.7
6.7
1.7
100.0
18. Occupation
* 52o/o(39) of all ex-residentswho r,r,ere
of domesticviolenceare nowralrorking,
victirn-survivors
mostly as
cleaners/generalurorkers(33%),as clericalu,orkers(21Yo)or are self-employed(13%).
WAO statistics 2OO2
on rnorker
Cleaner/Generalrrrorker
Professional
Technical rirrorker'
Self-employecVBusi
ness
Admi nistrator/lrdanager
Clericalvrorker
Sales
Services vrorker
Total
Not available
Not
Total
WAO statistics 2OO2
3
13
3
2
5
2
R
I
I
2
39
2
34
Percentage
4.O
17.3
4.0
2.7
6.7
2.7
10.7
1.3
2.7
52.O
2.7
45.3
100.0
7.7
33.3
7.7
5.1
12.8
5.1
20.5
2.6
5.1
100.0
18
G. MIGRANT DOMESTICWORKERS ABUSE
a) INFORMATION
* Fifteen residents ra,ereMigrantDomesticWorkers who rrr,ere
victims of abuse. These u,orkers all
camefrom lndonesia.
* Most u,ere refened to WAO by the policeor by friends,but somerrr,ere
made awareof WAO by NGOs
or others.
* Trl/oof them had soughtshelterat WAO before;for the other 13 it was theirfirst visit to WAO.
* Sevenof themstayedlessthanara,eek,2stayedlto2rrteeks, 1 stayedbetra,een
1to2 months and 5
stayed more thdn 3 months.
1. Type,sof abuse (multiple answers)
* Physicaland psychologicalabuseu,erethe most frequenttypes of abuse.Most of the situations
of
physicalabuse involvedbeatingwith handsand feet, and in one casethe victimvr,erebeaten with an
object.
Type
Physical
Psychological
Social
Sexual
Financial
Number
8
8
7
2
2
Percentage
53.3
53.3
46.7
13.3
13.3
Physical violence
Beatingwith hands and kicking
Beatingwith objects
Other
Number
7
1
2
Percentage
87.5
12.5
25.O
2. Frequency of the abuse
* ln 2 of the cases the abuseoccuned daily;in another2 casesthe abusehappened2 to 3
times a ueek, in yet another2 cases,the abuse only occurredonce or twice,wfrilein the last 2 cases,
the frequency of the abusewas unpredictable.
4 to 5 times a week
2 to 3 times a neek
Once a u,eek
Once fortnight
Once a month
Only oncelhruice
Unpredictable
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistics 20O2
Number
Percentage
Valid Percentage
0
2
0
0
0
2
2
8
7
15
0.0
13.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
13.3
13.3
53.3
46.7
100.0
0.0
25.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
25.O
25.D
100.0
't 9
b) TNFoRMAT|ONON THE PERPETRATORS
* Most of the perpetratorsvvere
employers,one was an agent and one was the employe/s son.
3. Age
* Half of the perpetratorsuuere
in their30s and 30% urerein their4Os.
Fu
,
,
Less than 2Oygars old
20 to 29
3Oto 39
4O to 49
5Oyears old and over
Total
Not available
Total
Number
O
10
5
15
Percentage
0.0
6.7
33.3
20.o
6.7
66.7
33.3
100.0
Valid Percentage
0.0
10.0
50.0
30.0
10.0
100.0
1
7
6.7
46.7
9.1
63.6
27.3
100.0
I
I
5
1
4. Ethnicity
* All perpetrators
were Malaysian.
Itrtalay
Chinese
lndian
Total
Not available
Total
J
11
A
-
15
20.o
73.3
26.7
100.0
5. Occupation
Homemaket
Professional
Self-employecUB
usiness
Services ra,orker
Total
Nct available
Total
WAO statistics 2OO2
2
J
4
I
I
7
15
13.3
20.o
6.7
53.3
46.7
100.0
25.O
37.5
12.5
100.c
20
c) oUTGoMES
6. Slafirs of the Migrant Domestrc Workers at the end of 2N)2
" I!/lGt of the vr,6menuent back to Indonesia(36%);4 retumed to their agent, one was living
independently and 4 vr,erestill at WAO at the end of 2OO2.
Statls
Still at WAO
Left the country to country of origin
Retumed to agent
Living independently
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistics 2@2
Number
4
5
4
1
14
1
15
Percentage
26.7
33.3
26.7
6.7
93.3
6.7
100.0
Valid Percentage
28.6
35.7
28.6
7.1
100.0
21
WAO STATISTIGS2OO2
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
" 87 sessionsof face-to-facecounsellingra,ereconducledin 2002.That is a slightdecreasein the
number of sessionscomparedwith last year (95 sessions).
taerepreviousresidentsor face-toface clients.WAO offers ongoing counselling
" 18 of the clients(21o/o)
to ex-residentswho still face variousproblems.
7. Problems faced
* lvlorethan tucthirds of the urcmen(7Oo/o)
soughtcounsellingmainlybecauseof domesticviolence.
Reason
Domesticviolence
Otherthan violence
Total
Number
61
zo
87
Percent
70.1
29.9
100
2. ather problemsfaced (multiple answers)
* The \,omen also faced other problems
than domesticviolence.These problemsureremostly relatedto
divorce (39%),relationshipproblems(260/o),
problemsof child custodyor maintenance(170,6)
or
problemswith anothervvoman/other
(14o/o).
women
Number
Divorce
Relationshipproblems
Child custody/maintenance
Extra-maritalaffair(s)
Husbandjealous/suspicious
Husbandunemployed/inesponsi
ble
Financial/housing
problems
Husbandmentallyunstable
Husbandon drugs/alcohol/gambling
Problemswith family/in-lavrs
Problemswith her children
DepressiorVmental
stress
Work-relatedproblems
Singlemother
Sing l.moth.pregn./abortion/adoption
Legal issuesfimmigrationissues
Other oroblems
WAO statistics 20O2
u
23
15
12
7
o
+
4
4
?
3
2
2
I
1
1
I
Percentage
39.
26.4
17.2
13.8
8.0
6.9
4.6
4.6
4.6
3.4
3-4
2.3
2.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
9.2
22
3. A/eeds of the clienb (multiple answers)
* We can see that the
needs of the vl,omencoming to fac+teface counsellingr,t,erevarious. fvlosily,a
session will include "counselling"per se, listening,supporting,emportering,identifyingpossit*e
solutions,etc. Bebausellomen also need help in dealingwith differentagencieslike the Welfare
Department,the police and the courts, WAO's social vrorkersand law reform officers gave also legal
information- mostly about lPOs, accompanied\r,omento the r,trelfare
department,the police and the
court and refened !\,omento other NGOs.
Need
Counselling
Legal information
Help in gettingan IPO
lnformation
Shelter
Accompaninent (court,rarelfare)
Financialassistance
Number
72
27
1A
t-
11
Percentage
82.8
31.0
16.1
12.6
tu.o
.+
1
4.6
1.1
4. Sources ofawareness
* The major source of awareness
was throughpersonalsources:thenrselves(as ex-clients),friends
family (63%). Other sourcesof awarenessmentionedurerethe media,NGOs and the police.
5. Residence
* 93yoof the clientsrirrere
from eitherSelangor(60%)or Wilayah Persekutan- l(uala Lumpur (33%).
Wilayah Persekutan
Selangor
Johor
Kelatan
Pahang
Melaka
Total
29
52
I
1
1
87
33.3
59.8
3.4
1.1
1.1
1.1
100
6. Age
" Most of the clientsvrerein their 30s.
Age
zu yearsoto or less
20 to 29
30 to 39
40 to 49
.50 vears old and over
Totat
WAO statistics 2@2
Number
5
25
ZJ
23
5
87
eercentage
5.7
28.7
33.3
26.4
5.7
100
73
7. Nationalityr
* 97o/oof the \ romenwho came
for face-toface counsellingvvereMalaysian.
t 390/6of the Malaysianclientsr,rere
Indian,3lo/oriyere
Chineseand 207or^rereMalay.
Nationality
Malaysian
lndonesian
lndian
Others
Total
Number
Percentage
u
1
1
96.6
1.1
1.1
1.1
87
100
Ethnicity
Malay
Chinese
Indian
Other
Total
Number
17
27
34
9
87
Percentage
19.5
31.0
39.1
10.3
100
4
8. MariElsfafus
* More than half
of the clients (53o/o)were manied and 27o/owere seperated or divorced.
Marital status
Single
Mairied
Cohabiting
Divorced
Seperated
Total
Not available
Total
Number
14
45
3
7
16
85
2
87
Percentage
16.1
51.7
3.4
8.0
18.4
97.7
2.3
100
Valid Percentage
16.5
52.9
3.5
8.2
18.8
100
9. Occupation
* Thirty-threepercent
of the clients \,verenot employed;they vrereeither unemployed(300,6)or
homemakers(3%).The othersu,eremostlysalesworkers(11o/o)
or workedin the servicesector (11%).
WAO statistics 2002
24
Occupation
Unemployed
Homemaker
Factory/production rnorker
Cleaner/Generalworker
Professional
Technicalworker
Self-employed/Busi
ness
Ad ministrator/Nlanaoer
Student
Clericalworker
Sa l es
Services r,t,orker
Others
Total
Not available
Total
Number
25
2
3
3
J
.+
4
5
J
7
Y
9
o
B4
J
87
Percentage
28.7
3.4
3.4
3.4
3.4
4.6
4.6
5.7
3.4
8.0
10.3
10.3
6.9
96.6
3.4
100
Valid Percentage
29.8
3.6
3.6
3.6
J .( )
4.8
4.8
6.0
3.6
8.3
10.7
10.7
7.1
100
B. INFORMATION ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
. 61 r,tromen
(70oldcame for face-to-facecounsellingbecauseof domesticviolence.
a) INFORMATIONON THE ABUSE
1. Types of abuse (mulilple answers)
* The most frequenttype of abusewas psychological,occuningin 95% of the cases.This is a big
increasecomparedto last vear whereonly 79% of the clientsexperiencedpsychologicalabuse. Physical
abuse occuned in79o/oof the c€rses.
Psychologicalabuse
Physicalabuse
Financialabuse
Socialabuse
Sexualabuse
WAO statistics 20O2
Number
58
48
IO
8
1
Percentage
95.1
78.7
26.2
13.1
1.6
25
2. Lutgth of time in abusive situation
* Half of the Mctirn-survivors
of domesticviolencehad been in the abusivesituationfor 1 to 5 years.
1 to 5 years
6 to 10 years
11 to 15 years
'16to 20 years
lr4orethan 20 years
Total
Not available
Total
6.6
371
A-2
9.8
6.6
6-6
75-4
24.6
100.0
23
5
6
4
4
46
15
61
8.7
50'0
1O'9
13'0
8'7
8'7
100'0
b) tNFoRruATloN oF THE PERPETRATORS
3. Re/atronsfiip to the clients
* 900,6of ttre perpetratorsrarerethe husbandsor ex-husbands.
Husband/ex-husband
ParenVFamilymember
Boyfriend
Total
55
2
4
61
:
90.2
3.3
o.o
100
4- Lengtlt of the relationship with the perpetrator
* lvlost of the women (34o/o)
had been in a relationshipto the perpetratorfor 1 to 5 years.
Ntrmber
1 to 5 years
6 to 10 years
11 to '15y€rs
1 6 to 2Oye a r s
21lo25y€rs
Nforethan 25 years
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistbs 2OO2
19
B
9
7
5
3
55
6
61
Percentage
6.6
31.1
13.1
14.8
11.5
B-2
4-9
90.2
9.8
100.0
Valid Percenage
7.3
34'5
14'5
16'4
12'7
9'1
5.5
i00.0
z<
5. Occupation
* Most of the perpetrators
\ €re generalworkers(22o/o),
professiona| (22o/o)
or self-employed(17%).
Unemployed
Factory/production rrvorker
Cleaner/Genera| .*lrc
rker
Professional
Technicalworker
Self-employecUBu
siness
Administrator/Manager
Clericaluorker
Services ra,orker
Total
Not available
Total
Number
4
1
I
9
J
Percen
o.
14.8
14.8
4.V
11 tr
I t.u
J
4.9
1
4
41
2A
61
t.o
67.2
32.8
100.0
Pe
9.8
2.4
22.O
22.O
7.3
17.1
i .J
.A
L.a
9.8
100.0
6. Nationality
* All the perpetrators
vuereMalavsian.
onality
Total
Ethnicity
Malay
Chinese
Indian
Others
Total
WAO statistics20O2
umber
1
61
Number
11
10
29
2
61
Percentage
100.0
100.0
Percentage
18.0
31.1
A7 tr,
3.3
100.0
27
WAO STATISTIGS2OO2
A. GENERAL INFORMATION
* Numberof calls:1478
7. Reasons for the call
* 5396of the calls receiveduere relatedto donestic violence.
* When the calls \,ere not relatedto violence(46%),the other problemsfacedra,eremainlydivorce (20016),
(17o/o)
and extra-maritalaffairs(13%).
childcustody/maintenance
relationshipproblems(2OYo),
Reason for tfre call
Dornesticviolenc.e
Other problemsthan violence
MDW abuse
Other forms of VAW*
Childabuse
Total
Not available
* Molence against\,\,omen
Otlrer problems than violence
Divorce
Relationshipproblems
Child custody/maintenance
Extra-maritalaffair(s)
Husbandunempl./inesponsi
ble
Husbandon drugs/alcohol/gambling
Legal issues/immigration
Problemswith family/in-laws
Problemswith children
Police reporVlPO
Sexual harassment
S ingi.moth.pregn./abortion/adopti
on
Financialproblems/housing
Depression/mentalstress
Husbandjealous/suspicious
SinglemotherChildabuse/incest
Rape/sexualassault
Migrantdomesticworker*
Work relatedproblems
Husbandmentallyunst./stressed
Sex education/HlV-AlDS info.
Otherproblems
Nurnber
739
646
I
Percentage
50.0
43.7
0.6
0.5
Valid Percentage
52.6
46.0
0.6
0.6
o.2
o.2
1405
73
1478
95.1
4.9
100.0
100.0
Number
301
290
257
Percentage
20.4
19.6
17.4
12.9
5.7
5.1
3.2
3.2
3.0
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.O
1.7
1.6
tY l
u
76
48
4t
AA
40
3B
JO
30
25
23
19
1B
to
14
8
LJ
1.2
1.1
0.9
0.6
0.5
o.4
128
8.7
emPloYing'
workerstheYvraare
WAO statist'rcs2OO2
28
2. Sourcqs ofawareness
* Even though,thisinformationwas availablefor only42o/oof the clients,\il,ecan still get an idea of how
the public mostly leams about WAO. lt seems that most of the callers knewabout WAO from the media
or from their friends or family,
Source of awareness
Percentage Valid Percentage
Number
Agercies
??.1
53.7
22.4
Media/intemet*
5.5
2.3
NGO/l'rCA
34
3.2
20
1.4
Operator
3.1
I:'
One-stopcentre/hospitals
1.3
Police
1.9
12
0.8
R
1.3
0.5
Legal body
1.3
at
0.5
Religiousinstitution
Welfare
0.1
2
Personal resouroes
24.7
Friends/family
10.3
152
t.o
Ex-client
o.7
10
Other
3.2
1.4
20
100.0
Total
41.7
616
Not available
58.3
862
Total
100.0
1478
* lvledia refereneesinclude magazines,WAO leaflets (advertisement)and uebsite.
3. Who are the,gallers?
lo
* Ninety-sevenpfthe callers\nere\ romen.85% of the callersrarcre
the clientsthemselves.
* 15oAof the cdllersvr,erecallingon behalfof a familymember,a friend,a neighbour,or a co-uorker.
t
Number
Percentage Valid Percentage
84.8
Client
84.6
1250
Other than the client"
15.2
15.2
224
Total
100.0
99.7
1474
Not available
0.3
4
Total
100.0
1478
*General informationfor callers"otherthan the client"uere not taken.Thus,the followinginformation
is only for the 1250clienis.
Who called
WAO statistics 2OO2
29
4- Resr'dence
* Most
clients (8O%) uere calling from Selangor (48%) and Wilayah Persekutan - Kuala Lumpur (31olo).
Residence
wnayan PerseKutan
Selangor
Perak
Johor
NegeriSembitan
Pahang
tvlelaka
K e l a ntan
K e d ah
PulauPinang
Terengganu
Sabah
Other
Total
Not available
Total
340
522
54
42
39
25
23
13
12
7
3
3
1
1084
166
1250
27.2
41.8
4.3
3.4
3.1
2.A
1.8
1.0
1.0
0.6
o.2
o.2
0.1
86.7
13.3
100.0
31.4
48.2
5.0
3.9
3.6
2.3
2.1
1.2
1.1
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.1
1oo.o
5. Nationality
" 99yo of the dients u,ere Malaysian and their ethnicitywas lndian (39%), Chinese (31o/o)and Matay (27o/;
Nauonatrty
Malaysian
lndonesian
Filipina
Indian
Chinese
Total
Not available
Total
Ethnicity
lndian
Chinese
Malay
vLI
tgl
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistics 2O02
Number
1214
A
t
I
1231
19
1250
372
322
AA
&tu
1195
,10
1214
percentage
Valid percentage
97.1
98.6
o.7
0.3
o.7
0.3
o.2
u.l
u. l
98.5
1.5
u-l
100.0
100.0
zo.3
J ,J
98.4
1.6
100.0
31.1
26.9
3.3
.100.0
30
6. Age
while280,6rnerein their 20s and 21o/ornerein their 4Os.
" Most of the clients ra,erein their 30s (42o/o),
t'tumOer
40
20 to 29
30 to 39
40 to 49
50 years old and over
Total
Not available
Total
304
454
230
59
1087
163
1250
percgltage
3.2
24.3
36.3
18.4
4.7
87.0
13.0
100.0
VatiOPgritenage
3-7
28.O
41.8
21.2
5.4
100.0
7. Occupation
or homemakers(27%)" Most clients r,rerenot employed,beingeitherunemployd (12o/o)
* Others \lere rnostlyprofessionals(15%)or clericalworkers(13%).
Occupation
Homemaker
Professional
Clericalworker
Unemployed
Self-employed./Business
Factory/productionworker
Sales
Services u'orker
Cleaner/Generalvrorker
Student
Domestichelp
Administrator/Manager
Technicalworker
Total
Not avallable
Total
Number
258
138
126
111
62
55
48
46
35
28
17
16
1
941
309
1250
20.6
11.0
10.1
8.9
5.0
4.4
3.8
3-7
2.8
2.2
1.4
1.3
0.1
75.3
24.7
100.0
Valid Percentage
27.4
14.7
13.4
11.8
o.o
5.8
5.1
4.9
3.7
3.0
1.8
1.7
0.1
100.0
8. Needs of the callers (multiple answers)
* Half of the callers (50%) requestedcounselling
. 22o/orequestedlegal information,11% requested
lPO.
to
related
requested
information
shelter and 9%
WAO statistics 2OO2
31
Neectr
Counselling
Legal information
Shelter
lnformationtor iPo
Generalinformation
Counsellingfor husband
Financialassistance
Other
"For all 1478callers.
Number
733
323
160
138
123
JV
26
z4
Percenbge
49.6
21.9
10.8
9.3
8.3
2.6
1.8
1.6
B. INFORN'IETIOruON THE CALLS FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
a) INFORMATIONoN THE ABUSE
1. Types of abase (multiple answer9
* The most frequenttype of abusereportedwas physical(Mo/o).Psychological
abusewas reportedtn
54o/oof the cases and verbal abusein 50% of the cases.
Dornestic violence
Physicalabuse
abuse
Psychological
Verlcalabuse
Financialabuse
Socialabuse
Sexualabuse
Number
470
400
aA o
116
47
cz
Percentage
63.6
54.1
49.9
15.7
6.4
4.3
b) INFoRMATTON ON THE PERPETRATORS
2. Relationship to the clients
* 95o/oof the perpetrators were either husbands/ex-husbandsor boyfriends/ex-boyfriends.
Relationshipto the client
Husband/ex-husband
Boyfriend/ex-boyfriend
Parent/familymember
Wife/girlfriend
ln-laws
Live in partner
Friend
Total
Not available
Total
WAO statistics 2OO2
Number
ooo
26
zo
4
2
1
728
11
739
90.1
3.5
3.5
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.1
98.5
1.5
100.0
Valid Percentage
91.5
3.6
3.6
0.5
o.4
0.3
' 0.1
100.0
32