Wrestling with the Image: Caribbean Interventions
Transcription
Wrestling with the Image: Caribbean Interventions
C CONTENTS THE ZIER R CO NG WITH E SIX H P TLI STO CHRI ON WRES S NOTE E IMAG EEN S S I X T A FLORES LM TREE A N P TATIA ENSE OF F IN DE IX T Y- S ORKS N E W TW ITION B I H X E RED U N D EMENTS H S E ON BSITE LEDG E W W O O S T TW ACKN ARTIS and d n D a E DR RKS H U N HOW WO E N S O G OF LISTIN co ver to p3: joh n c ox , B o xer Ser ies The Caribbean region was traditionally narrated as Spanish, English, French and Dutch, with their respective traditional and creole forms, but many other languages also shape the Caribbean experience: indigenous languages from the northern Ebony G. Patterson, Entourage, 2010. Amazonian region in the Guyanas, those of the various Maroon ethnicities derived from Africa and the Garifuna who reach into Central America, Bhojpuri, Cantonese and creoles like Papiamento. The Caribbean continues to expand and shift. In this manifold space, experiences produced through the visual create meeting-points breaking through a multiplicity of barriers. The Caribbean is a site of investigation for the artists in Wrestling with the Image: Caribbean Interventions. This is a NOTES ON WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE R H E P O S T I R C H R I E Z is Caribbean? C O 1: Where is th erity requires dext the Caribbean om fr or of , in t with rhaps Being an artis or ill-fated, pe feels illogical en oft on iti defin and and wit. The nse of ocean ribe the expa sc de lly fu ot nn itories, because it ca , colonial terr nation-states s, nd la is of o , languages, the archipelag e populations rs ve di ith w litan , and unions on a metropo departments When one is s. ie or st hi d ltures an rtisement with geography, cu ing at an adve ok lo t or rp ai d or in an lable bodies an subway train skies with avai ue bl d an s ee lm tr ped ouettes” cram hammocks, pa the abject “silh at g in ok lo — or smiling faces constantly expanding space shaped by wherever they may travel, reside or imagine. It is articulated by individual acts of visual inquiry seeking to transgress the usual and fixed cultural, political or geographic parameters. The works of art on display are often in contest with a much longer history of distorted representations that continue to be internally and externally manufactured. Wrestling with the Image is not a survey or inventory of linguistic, ethnic, cultural or national modes. h the world. Some of these artists we re born in one island and liv e and work in anot her. Some are born in the “Caribbean dia spora” and continu e to investigate ho w that shapes their ways of thinking. For th em, the Caribbean is als oa site of memory, wh ere they process fam ily histories or the va archives of former st colonial powers. Th ey may live in place s like Japan, Austria or Ge rmany, not tradition ally located in diasp oric mappings. Much of their work is inspir ed by one location , produced in anothe r and presented ye t elsewhere. It refle cts the way Caribbean pe ople have always be en on the move. Heino Schmid’s pe rformance-derived video Temporary Ho rizons, for example, was ins pired by experienc es in Port of Spain during a residency at Alice Yard, but produced in Blue Curry’s stu dio in London and first pr esented in Liverpo ol. La Vaughn Belle , who was born in Tobago and now lives in St Croix, shot and de veloped her video work in Havana. Porcelain Diaries suggests em pathy with and curiosity about a vernacula r living-room spac e, where decorative figurine s and keepsakes te ll telenovela-like m icrocosmic yet epic stories of love, mixed-race de sire and emigration in Cuba — but perhaps als o anywhere in the region? Abigail Hadeed’s ph and Black Star Line images of Afro-Car otographs of elder ly certificates were sh people with their ibbean population ot in Costa Rica. Th s on the Central Am UNIA ese erican d ideas in the regio n, knitting together co mmunities often un known to each othe their exhibition, this in d represente r. be Sheena Rose’s video language groups may not s are about Cape To wn. Marlon Griffith ’s im dialogue. in ages of school girls works remain with “powder on th eir chest” in “bling” patterns were shot by Gerard Gaskin, a Trinidadian phot ographer As part of the wider About Change project, Wrestling with the living in New York, while he was visiting Port of Sp ain . Many of these works are co Image investigates contemporary Caribbean visual thinking llaborative enterp rises between artis ing ts, derived from shared observa and its trajectories: our experiences or ways of understand tions and interests. Even though similarly engaged artists from many countries or coast discuss the m ovement of people an CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS questions. and moving throug 7 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE in sloops on a CNN report, or moving in the background of historical photographs — these become troubling and anxious afraid to fight a perfect stranger. We see the artist rendering himself in training, at the starting block, as a runner, as a boxer or sometimes as a wrestler. He presents himself, in various combative postures and sequences, as a contender, but with an image of himself. This entanglement or engagement of the other-self, a shadow or mirror image, is an ongoing story. Will these selves ever merge and find cohesion, or will one be split asunder in the search for “true” self-consciousness and awareness? The Caribbean artist is always in competition with a long history of expedient labelling of their world and their very selves — externally and also internally. Ebony G. Patterson’s Entour age is a constructed studio group portrait of friends and family — many of them fell ow artists — dressed and made up to look like stylish danceh all characterizations, complete with ironic bleached faces and androgynous attire. This is real transnational culture, initially driven by a social underclass, which has become a viral vernacular reaction to ideas of high and low culture within the class warfare of urban Kingston. The engagement of this Marlon Griffith, louis, tribal, blossom, 2009 language infers the “carnivalesque” — not as folk spectacle coopted by nationalist regimes, but as social contestation in the urban space, satirical and virile. Marlon James’s Mark and Giselle look back at us from within the frame, but not as generic nameless silhouettes. They are fellow artists and friends living in Kingston, and co-conspirators in this declared moment. Their clothes and expression defy our expectations, along with the empty background. They could be young people anywhere — Toronto, Port of Spain, Johannesburg? Perhaps only a sense of time or the “now” is conveyed when we encounter these images. the agency of In a place like the Caribbean, we cannot take of a much longer portraiture for granted, in the aftermath al representations. history of topographical and anthropologic subject — within the The subject position — or the role of the is highly contested. frame or field of pictorial representation the Caribbean recount Standard regional historical narratives of ns being privately or register developmental shifts from perso colonial subjects — owned property — indentured workers and ple. But in the pictorial to being citizens — of a republic, for exam ral, national, ethnic domain, we are still anthropological, cultu remain labelled but or electoral commodities and signifiers. We r and of exchange nameless images. The moment of encounte the purpose for is what is at stake. The question is whether and not simply imagetaking the image shifts to real portraiture ng us as subjected capture, in the worst sense of the term, leavi legänger-ing that signs of ourselves, in a kind of cultural dopp CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS a series of images by John Cox, with titles such as I am not et George, iconic portraits of two American revolutionary libe rators and “founding fathers ” face off and mirror each oth er, highlighting the unansw ered questions of our varied hist ories and dreams. If we shift ed to very traditional historic al art world imagery, they could be replaced by portraits of Wif redo Lam and Pablo Picass o. There is something intriguing abo ut the miniature scale of the se images — visual commenta ries which function like disc rete interpersonal notes placed in the public domain. These works recall Noel’s earlier miniscu le public works, with images not much larger than postage stamps, placed on gates, wa lls and lampposts in Port of Spain. 9 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE I got the idea for the name of this exhibition while looking at In Nikolai Noel’s Toussaint Abigail Hadeed, Trees without Roots, 1995 2: Looking and contending like a street hust le our experiences, but transformed into patterns and signs. predicaments in a His investigation of over-familiar Dutch slave ship designs one flinches. r’s to gain critica l attention and to postcolonial wo discuss e bottle falls, rld. Each time th transforming into DNA or atom-like forms transforming into read like alternative titles. It is a deeply ironic commentary on These artists disp taken back –made into aesthetic forms, seeking out the dissonance between what the forms mean and or feel like when manipulated or reclaimed. Blue Curry uses elements associated with the tropical and Marlon James, Mark and Gisele, 2007 tourism to bring our attention to the status of the Caribbean island as a contemporary industrial site. His work engages these signs mischievously to conceptually alter our awareness of history and the current social space. In a recent installation in Liverpool, he placed gallons of sun-tan lotion into a perpetually oscillating cement mixer. Many of his “untitled” works reveal 3: Space vs place d to understand the Caribbean In viewing this work, we are aske space that is shaped by as a space rather than a place: a themselves, whether in the wherever Caribbean people find or Asia. It is a conversation Americas at large, Europe, Africa world — a dialogue about about movement in the Atlantic ment. dispersal, rather than just displace e is a graphic codification Charles Campbell’s Bagasse Cycl basis about our work and of the things we know on a daily formalist language. His video Discovery of the Palm Tree Phone Mast — one of his few works with a declared title — makes fun of the language of “discovery” in its scrutiny of a cellular tower designed to look like a palm tree, so as not to spoil the view of tourists. The work refers to the ongoing development of the tropical as an artificial construction with roots in the 19thcentury post-sugar era. For artists like Roshini Kempadoo and Joscelyn Gardener, the archive becomes an archeological site for reconstructing memory to rethink historical or received knowledge and mythologies — to tell new stories. Heino Schmid’s pursuit of balance or a fleeting order in Temporary Horizons infers something about the artist and his society. His act of balancing bottles looks like a sleight of hand — a performative feat lay a defiance ag ainst being pinn ed down to a single location, an d the expectation s ascribed to bein g here or there. Defying th ese territorial bo undaries brings up questions of license and ap proval, and inde ed images of pa ss ports, certificates, and associated coats of arms and offi cia l insignias move through m any of the works, underscoring th e wa bodies and land y that are constantly co mmodified and licensed. So much of Caribbe an reality has to do with stamps and certificates and “papers”, an d the visual voca bulary of these im ages is another way in w hich these work s are in dialogue with each other, from Hew Locke’s appropria tion of obsolete bonds and certificates, to th e passport stam ps on Jean Ulrick Dé sert ’s colour-by-numbe r diagrams, the ro yal insignia that be comes a mark of identity in Holly Bynoe’s Imperial, or the Natives on the Side of the coat of arms in Nikolai Noel’s image. To nya Wiles CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS their intent through Curry’s listing of the materials, which g history” — histo ry in the perpetua l present tense — is convey ed through re-te lling or re-enact ment, but through newer m arkers more relat ed to contempo rary signs, in a process of visua l reconstruction via the imaginar y. This is not a form of escapi sm, but a distorti on aimed at “rese ei ng ”. The ooze of Nicole Aw ai’s Specimen Fr om Local Ephem era: Mix More Media! is a fluid potent form in m otion — organic and freeflowing, but havin g no specific form or shape as it ad apts to new spaces and new relationships in its altered state. Like the topsyturvy dolls of th e colonial era in which the artist sp lits herself, sometimes anot her self becomes the inverted othe r or someone else altogether. This chameleonlike form is alarm in g to a world that requires fix ed and readable signs and bounda ries. as he sometimes calls them, in which our experiences are itional role within a visual disturbingly reminds us of our trad making, or coyly performed. territory not exclusively of our own The idea of “livin 11 Virtual Exiles: The Colour Museum (2) – Roshini Kempadoo (2000) WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE flocks of migrating birds convey the story of the “migrations”, E C N A I F E D A Y A L P S I D S T S I T R A O E T S N W THE O D D E N N I P G N I E B AGAINST OCATION, AND THE L G E N I L E G B N I O S T A D E B I R C S A S N O I T A T C E P EX . E R E H T HERE OR sticks her tongue out at us through a china bowl “certified” by the British crown. This record of her playful, performative act of transforming colonial-era crockery into a mask provokes traditional readings of “whiteness” or “blackness” in the Caribbean space. Around her wrist we see a coloured string, placing the gesture within contemporary life in the islands. and away or onboard and abroad was always one of tension actual site of daily experience. For all, or competition around discussions of authenticity and access. about visual vocabularies, sensibility Over the last ten or fifteen years, the Internet, cheaper travel it becomes a dialogue and even a particular social awareness. Jean-Ulrick Désert, The Seventh Secretary General of the U.N., 2009. and digital media have facilitated new ways of working and of collaboratively creating critical dialogues that defy traditional The digital world so far has no overly determined and owned boundaries (national, cultural and even linguistic). Perhaps the history in the field of representation, so these artists are Caribbean may be redefined by these exchanges across this new not burdened by the baggage of, for “critical space”? painting or the status of the black body example, the history of within the frame or field of representation. It is open seas on. And access to digital Online media allow individual artists in various locations to equipment allows a new generation share ideas and images and to think more expansively. New and to disseminate them in ways that relationships or new conditions are in the process of being hierarchies of skills and specialized know produced for how Caribbean people can relate not just to each define value — for example, in video other, but also to wider audiences. For some, the Internet is a site of memory and historical investigation. For others, it is an of artists to create images break down traditional ledge as means to and photography. 13 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE In the recent Caribbean past, the relationship between home CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 4: Digital natives CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS THEY ARE NOT WAITING TO BE THE SUBJECT OF DISCOVERY, BUT DARING THEMSELVES TO TRANSGRESS BOUNDARIES AND NEW EXPERIENCE. labourer in a long history of social documentation. But these individuals’ work attire has the feeling of costumes, and their place within the landscape takes on the look of 19th-century topographical images of people and places — images of slaves sun and not sweaty. Did it originate from the powdered hair and and peasants. The artificiality of the light creates a slightly bosoms of the European courts that once colonized these islands? absurd quality, rendering both the subject and the place Rodell Warner, Relief Series, 2010 unfamiliar. A sense of place of origin may shape these artists’ interests, but they are not satisfied to represent a fixed site or territory. They are The powdered neck and bosom, long a confusing sign in the not waiting to be the subject of discovery, but daring themselves in class warfare of the Caribbean, is embraced and asserted to transgress boundaries and new experience. As curator, I have r Marlon Griffith’s Powdered Girls, his take on street-level glamou tried my best not to do a “Caribbean” show. In shifting back and the and pride. Griffith creates templates for the application of forth between my visual and curatorial forms of enquiry, I feel a new powder from the logos of high-fashion houses —a whole tremendous empathy with the ambitions and concerns of these to reading of bling and self. The talcum powder often refers artists within the current moment. For them, the region remains an freshness, as in just-having-bathed — being cool in the hot ongoing work in progress. 15 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Rodell Warner’s Worker photographs tackle the idea of the N A I A T T A S R E O F L o Alessandro Balte nezuelan artist Ve e th , le tic ar In a recent w palm tree of e grid is the ne th f “I , ng yi sa ed as Yazbeck is quot 1 ing progress.” ak m e ar e w t, ar Latin American e Western g because in th in rik st is t en This bold statem palm trees aracterized by ch t os m is at e area th hemisphere, th a defining is the palm tree se el re he ow . N or is the Caribbean Cone, two maj or the Southern o ic ex M in t no y motif—certainl ent artist’s assessm art. So in this an ic er Am tin centers of La “Latin t is wrong with ribbean is wha Ca e th of e ap the landsc CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 17 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE installing marcel pinas: fragment kbi wi kani, 2007 IN DEFENSE OF PALM TREES s much more 2 present-day experience in the Caribbean encompasse beginning?” Furthermore, American art.” Yet, the ized by Holland, h staggering poverty rates and erica. Historically colon region is full of challenges, wit than parts of Latin Am a , in addition to ployment. Haiti alone is both ited States, and France Un the , nd limited opportunities for em gla En , ark Denm ing diversity and a global model of hope. As a ns a region of astound tragedy of epic proportions and Spain, the Caribbean spa sm and slavery. ies of the Caribbean, migration mon threads of coloniali result of the precarious econom syncretism with the com ted n the sum of its communities abound in the Uni plexity that is more tha is a part of life, and diasporic It is a place of rich com is ggering beauty, se conditions, being an artist ply that this locus of sta States and Europe. Under the parts. How unfair to im in the ous with lack of one stays or goes. To remain tain future is synonym not an easy choice, whether tragic history, and uncer relative ld responsible artist implies both a level of Caribbean should be he Caribbean and survive as an progress, as though the at does progress stant judgment in the eyes of of its colonial past. Wh economic privilege and the con for the consequences ich to judge art? er of society. To leave it as a model from wh t one is not a productive memb use tha y ers wh d oth an , an me n eve nt, sts should reject ful experience of the immigra the quotation is that arti involves facing the often pain The solution implied by abstract visual and prejudice, and needing to opt for a rationally-based being subjected to stereotype their surroundings and ing ibition, however, ble to a global public. Becom m the works in this exh address topics that are intelligi language. It is clear fro the Anglophone, text; in the Caribbean, it answer for artists from a difficult decision in any con is the st t arti no an is d gri the t tha Neither are palm n. -speaking Caribbean. is almost an existential questio francophone, and Dutch works laden with but what we do find are trees, for that matter, , sculptures, in various mediums and by videos, paintings, prints This exhibition includes work content. Photographs, ltifaceted their current place ibbean origins, regardless of us a glimpse into the mu Car w of allo sts s arti on lati tal ins d an e an astounding wealth of ce of the Caribbean. of residence. They demonstrat contemporary experien ways tes them thematically is the creativity, but what most uni exhibition city of images. Artists and art e is an apt title for this in which they point out the opa Wrestling with the Imag never transparent, making pictures. w that pictures are constructs, the sheer difficulty of kno up ns es oria jur hist con it se cau be ges hard in other s are taken at face value. Ima age production is not so but too often representation Perhaps the task of im minican intellectual trees, and sunsets have molded dary formulated by Do of white sandy beaches, palm contexts, but the quan ure and thought the Caribbean; the tourism plies here: “What literat contemporary perceptions of Silvio Torres-Saillant ap catastrophic les as though they were devoid ation that is aware of its industry promotes these loca can come from a civiliz of history and culture. As a result, the region’s artists are lacking a distinct identity). Another image Black Hole probes the particularly sensitive to stereotype, and much of their work calls theme further, focusing here on the adolescent body of a boy attention to images as illusory and insufficient. as seen from above his head. The title refers to his black hair, invisible. There is a certain sadness pervasive to Nadia Huggins’ works engage the theme of fight and struggle. John Cox’s images, whether these be empty or peopled. Regardless of her representations of boxers often feature a black man who seems working with color or in black and white, she uses dark tones to be sparring against his doppelgänger. In one instance, the in very expressive ways, evoking melancholy and desolation. man is hitting his own face while his partner stands back. These Though her images of black men play up to stereotype as a way paintings tend to be deeply textured, with multiple layers or of examining preconceptions, her landscapes challenge the various shades of colors, and they give the impression that the picturesque views of the Caribbean. image did not come easily, appearing worked and reworked. The final products themselves create uncomfortable tensions, The idea of the double is also an integral part of the work both within the composition and for the viewers. They seem of Nicole Awai. In Specimen from Local Ephemera: Mix More to allude to a process of self-examination that is never fully Media!, Awai depicts herself in a double self-portrait wearing resolved. Ultimately, they succumb to a kind of powerlessness, a light colored camisole and a green skirt with a batik print ironic for representations of fighters, and somehow the of sea turtles. Lying on a surface covered with discarded spectator becomes implicated in their defeat. The photographs materials, the version of herself on the left looks out at the of Nadia Huggins problematize the image in similar ways. In The viewer confrontationally, making a gesture of resistance. Her Quiet Fight is a striking scene of two men wrestling under the other self seems relaxed, and her attitude is more receptive. clouds. Executed in high contrast black and white, the men’s With a downcast gaze and her hand held out in salutation, she faces are obscured by shadows while the clouds gleam in the acknowledges the viewer in an apparently friendly manner. upper register. As in Cox’s boxing scenes, they would almost The image is complicated and puzzling, with references to the appear to be the same bald, dark-skinned man, except for the artistic trade interspersed with a map legend made up of nail fact that they are captured in a photograph. Black masculinity polish colors and their names, abstract colorful shapes, three here is examined through the stereotype of the African- water towers, and a collaged landscape of a deteriorating descended male as strong, violent, and interchangeable (i.e. house in split perspective. Deliberately unresolved, it plays Specimen from Local Ephemera: Pinpoint Black (Backward) Graphite, acrylic paint and nail polish on paper, 2007 S T E S N U S D N A , S E E R T M L A P , Y S R E A H R C O P M BEA E T N O C D ; E N D A L E O B M B I E R V A C HA E H T F O S N O I T P E C R with illusion and representation to call attention to the lack of has never seen a Japanese person in his life” and later, when transparency of visual language. recounting the uncle’s experience of viewing the film, “He strains to see himself.” The video calls attention to how, in the Richard Fung points out how illusion is created cinematically hands of Hollywood, the Caribbean becomes a blank slate on in his video Islands. Here, he deconstructs the Hollywood film which to project fantasy and desire. In juxtaposing close-ups of Heaven Knows, Mr. Allison (1956), directed by John Huston and the actors with shots of the masses of extras running across the starring Robert Mitchum and Deborah Kerr. The movie tells the beach, it exposes how difference is created and perpetuated. story of an American marine stranded in the South Pacific during Islands begins and ends with a shot panning over clusters of World War II but was filmed in Tobago using locals of Chinese palm trees, revealing how, in the popular imaginary, the tropics descent as extras playing Japanese soldiers. The artist’s uncle are interchangeable. Clive had such a role, and Fung’s video intersperses clips from the film with suggestive commentary, such as “Uncle Clive 19 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Taking the theme of the exhibition at its most literal, specific CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS forming the almost perfect shape of an oval; his face remains islands, employing motifs associated with the tourist industry, a man appears to put them back in place. As he balances the such as palm trees, conch shells, and sunscreen. In the video bottles, the viewer is only able to see his arms and waist. The Discovery of the Palm Tree: Phone Mast, he shoots a landscape, process continues endlessly, a Sisyphean task. The piece carries focusing on a lone, scrawny palm tree in the distance. As the a resistance to meaning reminiscent of the work of Marcel camera closes in, it is revealed that it is not a tree at all but, Duchamp, yet the introduction of the producer makes the point rather, a phone tower that has been camouflaged to blend that it is a construction, not a readymade. Refusing to stay put in with the landscape. Employing a defining trope of the for posterity, the two bottles must become images rather than Caribbean, the video humorously shows us that appearances are objects in order to function as an artwork. Furthermore, the not always what they seem. Heino Schmid’s video Temporary transparency of the bottles belies the ethnicity of the piece’s Horizon shows a different take on the production of images. producer. It is only when they fall and he puts them back In it, we see two glass bottles precariously balancing each together that we become aware of his tanned arms. In hinting uct of rd for the fibrous byprod The title is the French-wo . und gro notions of visibility ted. The image and invisibility. the juice has been extrac the sugar cane after all of tead of the scenic view The clear bottles appe ar to be empty receptac chaos and destruction; ins ts ges sug les for multiple t remain, stark meanings; when the art the traces of suffering tha ist reveals himself, the the tropics, we witness ir range of interpretive possibilitie of slavery. s becomes more limite reminders of the legacy d, as viewers project their own assum ptions onto the image . to deal effective way with which The trope of opacity is an t racial Whereas Schmid uses of slavery and subsequen the trope of transpare with the region’s legacy ncy to obscure injustice iconically runs meaning, opacity is an To represent atrocity and other tactic that this n. sio res opp group of artists the employs to great succes , several of the artists in s. Patricia Kaersenho of trivialization; therefore risk the ut’s Invisible ially Men project takes Ralph visualize what is essent Ellison’s classic novel ion seek oblique ways to ibit exh as a point of prints, Creole departure. She blacks series of stone lithograph out the text and draws unrepresentable. In her multi-layered men images on the book’s rs the history of slave wo pages in order to rende III, Joscelyn Garner recove its tra Por r it useless as a rstyle vehicle of written inform h depicting a typical hai ngly beautiful images eac ation. Nevertheless, nti hau in her intervention collar and a evokes the book’s the 21 t is juxtaposed to an iron me: the plight of an Afr of an African woman tha ican-American d manner, man completely overlo ed in a meticulous, detaile oked by society. Dhira sprig of flowers. Render dj Ramsamoedj’s constructions embody subjects. They refer to the belie the horror of their the very notion of op nts pri the acity. They consist would of life-sized figures com n in the Caribbean, who pletely covered in col practices of slave wome n rtio abo orful squares pregnancies of cloth, as intensely in order to end unwanted visual as they are me ingest the herbs pictured nacing. Actively ment for posed, they bring to mi ion of slavery. In punish nd African traditions of and resist the perpetuat masquerade ce them into the types and aesthetics of exc ess; nevertheless, to s, their masters would for ion act se the a Western audience, of images renders homage they are impenetrable and exotic, mysterious depicted. Gardner’s suite lars col of and unknowable. tackles the Charles Campbell’s pa tims. Terry Boddie also inting Bagasse negates to countless unnamed vic the traditional media work. association of a paint hout much of his mixeding as a window onto subject of slavery throug the world and as ges to canvas or paper and a beautiful object to off transfers photographic ima er instead a bleak vis ist art The ion of an antilandscape. In a stark yered compositions that palette of black and wh s these to produce multila ene erv int ite, the artist In the series portrays a bird’s-eye of history and memory. view of crushed stalks reflect on the processes of sugar cane on the at his racial identity, the artist plays with the CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS other on an angle. A few moments later, the bottles fall, and WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE The work of Blue Curry also plays up stereotypes of tropical heino schmid Installation views: Temporary Horizon, 2010, Alice Yard cture art, but the pi itian counterp Ha s n’ to ng Washi an’s other, L’Ouverture is as the Americ ar pe ap m hi e so as to mak is structured ashington’s r of George W de in m re a . Serving as tion his dark side tructs the no work decons e th r, ne ow a slave es background as e United Stat histories of th e th es in w rt d inte of the hero an e Caribbean. and th evocative of farming, ritual, or the slave trade. The resulting smallscale images appear fragile and unassuming. Deliberately difficult to interpret, they evoke the past but in a way that underscores its fragmentary and incoherent nature. The work of Nikolai Noel also engages with the construction of history, challenging traditional expectations of the depiction of “great men.” His drawing Toussaint et George juxtaposes the hero of Haitian independence Toussaint L’Ouverture with George Washington in a thoroughly unconventional manner. The two portraits appear as mirror images, with each character similarly posed and gazing at the other. While Washington’s features are drawn in pencil and his skin rendered with a light gray wash, L’Ouverture’s face is painted in a thick black acrylic, and his eyes, nose, and mouth are etched into the paint, giving him a gruesome mask-like appearance. Like Nicole Awai and John Cox, Noel here explores the notion of the double in an interesting way. Clearly, forms an important part of local economies. Coloring over mechanically reproduced images, she creates intriguing compositions and makes a singular contribution to the visual language of abstract painting. Holly Bynoe approaches the act n the exhibitio of image-making through digital means. Her collages question , the artists in es op tr al su erous vi Through num ceiving. One the ability of photographs to capture “truth” through techniques arances are de pe ap at th us mind insistently re ng to call of decomposition and fragmentation. She arranges her subjects formal layeri of es qu ni ch te s ie pl ap ts lian group of artis ed things. Li into new configurations that both argue that all images are are complicat es ag im at th ct fa e th tic; attention to imalist aesthe constructions and challenge traditional assumptions about employ a max es ur pt ul sc ges and objects that Blades’ colla gender, place, and history. An eloquent writer, Bynoe’s pieces , she creates ns er tt pa d an es ur xt te rent i through diffe Fragment kb are often accompanied with poetic text that further precludes s’ installation na Pi l ce ar M . ad lo er ov rful offer a visual vered in colo a straightforward reading of the image. In her view, reality is bottles all co of s nd sa ou th of ts is 23 villages— wi kani cons unknowable, and the production of meaning is inherently a ecific Maroon sp y tif en id ns h. The patter name— pieces of clot fictitious process. slaves in Suri es of runaway iti un m m co e th , ly ts al en ic o pres histor Sri Irodikrom cal traditions. lo e at br le ce orated and thereby erns and perf Just as place, history, and process are made complicated in multiple patt ith w h ot cl tik ba l ta en a monum t’s Indonesian the hands of these artists, so are subjectivities. Those who bines the artis m co h ot cl e s. Th of batik with tree vine engage the human figure—Sheena Rose, Marlon James, Ebony ased method of the wax-b e us e th h ug heritage—thro African and G. Patterson, Marlon Griffith, Rodell Warner, Phillip Thomas, itions of the ad tr d an ls bo m sy e th ng, dyeing—with formal layeri Oneika Russell, Ewan Atkinson, Natalie Wood, and Tonya Wiles— me. Through na ri Su of s nt ta bi ha in us tive indigeno ities of her na offer numerous visions on contemporary experience. Rose, ltural complex cu e th to n ntio she calls atte s in her James, Patterson, and Griffith focus on urban youth, portraying ired by textile sp in is o to lle ce ar M e in oach country. Paul , but her appr their subjects as strong and confident. Wiles and Warner turn wn Boutique Do nd Be es ri se e th om paintings fr tion. historical tropes on their head by engaging with colonial subject y and installa by photograph ed rm fo in is also matter in insubordinate ways. Thomas, Atkinson, Russell, and CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS reproduced images depicting coins and a gun with paintings of objects she seeks out in Africa, where the trade in used garments WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE that he contributes to this exhibition, he juxtaposes mechanically Nikolai Noel Detail: Toussaint et George, 2010 The artist photographs bundles of second-hand clothing that The production of co ntent, however pro artists themselves, and preconceptions of difference, and the of work that challenge and ridicule colonial and neo-colonial , or ke a reaction, thereb y challenging us to With infinite gratitud e to Maria Leyva an d Christopher Cozie for their support an r d wisdom. power structures. Abigail Hadeed and Roshini Kempadoo reflect on the experience of migration through the filter of nostalgia. marlon james Stef 2, 2010 Hadeed sought out the Afro-Caribbean peoples who migrated to Costa Rica and documented their continuing connection to the Wood delve into worlds of fantasy and fiction Objects as well the absurd. Despite their toy-like nature, they have a serious are endowed with new meanings through the eyes of certain of subtext, considering that timber was the main export of the these artists. Jamie Lee Loy deconstructs the traditional still life artist’s native Belize during the colonial era. In this light, the through her pictures of flower petals that are pinned down or hammers function as emblems of futility; they call attention to bundled together, clam shells arranged around upright nails, and the predicament of colonized peoples. Pan-African movement of Marcus Garvey. Kempadoo turned her attention to the experience of diasporic communities in England and created a series of digitally altered prints that reflected on the solitude and isolation that accompanies the immigrant. Though this essay began by evoking the most jaded tropical image, I hope it has been clear that my intention has not utensils transformed to look like weapons. Her compositions confound expectations, recasting Surrealist experiments from The Caribbean has been referred to by scholars as the a twenty-first century perspective. La Vaughn Belle’s video “laboratory of globalization.” It is one of the first places in Porcelain Diaries brings decorative objects to life, humorously the world where so many cultures came together and learned, exposing middle class sensibilities in a sympathetic and playful for better or for worse, to coexist. Thus, Caribbean artists are manner. Santiago Cal’s grouping of wooden hammers transform by nature global citizens, and their works call attention to the a mundane tool into a sculptural object. The pieces are hand porosity of borders and the multifaceted nature of contemporary carved with numerous variations ranging from the whimsical to experience. Kishan Munroe has traveled the world, seeking to been to advocate for more beachscapes but rather to identify the common threads that bind the dizzyingly dynamic visual production of contemporary Caribbean artists. For too long, the region has been subjected to stereotype, but it is encouraging that artists nevertheless choose to engage local subject matter— broadly understood—instead of retreating into a hermeticist visual language that would have them deny their surroundings and backgrounds altogether. a 1. Kaira M. Cabañas, “If the Grid Is the New Palm Tree of Latin Am Oxford Art Journal 33. erican Art,” 3 (2010): 367. 2. Silvio Torres Saillan t, An Intellectual His tory of the Caribbean (NewYork: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006), 7 CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Désert take a more cynical view of globalization, offering bodies construction of the es delight, frustrate disgust, they provo wrestling match. of , S E P O Whether these imag R T L A U S I V N S O U I O T I R B E I M H U X N E H E T G H A T U H O N T I R S S TH U T S D I N T G I R N M I A E V I R E E C Y TH E L D T N E E R T A S I S S E N I C N A R A E P P A that bind all of humanity together. Hew Locke and Jean-Ulrick tions ages, the meaning 25 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE connect with peoples of different cultures and locate the ties on our own assump on the nature of im place, the articulation past and present. blematized by the allows us to reflect ARTISTS Ewan At kinson N icole Aw Holly By ai LaVau noe Sant ghn Bell iago Cal Blue Cur e Lillian Charles ry JeanBlades T Campbel Ulrick D Griffith erry Bod l Keisha esert Ri Abigail H die Castello chard Fu adeed Na Patricia John Cox ng Josce dia Hugg Kaersen lyn Gard ins Sri I hout Ros Pauline ner Marl rodikrom hini Kem Marcelle o n o p M a a K doo Jaim rlon Jam ishan Mu Pinas Dh e Lee Lo es nroe Nik iradj Ram y Hew L olai Noe samoedj Philip Th ocke l Ebony Sheena R omas Ro G. Patter ose One dell War son Marc ika Russ ner Tony el ell Heino a Wiles N Schmid atalie W ood Ewan ATbaKdoIsNSON Bar , 20.3 x 25.4 29 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE WHEN I WAS A CHILD I WOULD REGULARLY INTERRUPT MY FATHE R TO ASK HIM WHAT HE WAS DOING. HE WOULD REPLY THAT HE WAS “BUILDING A WIGWAM TO WIND-UP THE MOON.” TH CONFOUNDING PHRASE IS BECAME THE KEY TO STARMAN’S MISSION. H E WAS TO SEARCH FOR A PLACE TO BUILD HIS OWN WIGWAM TO WIND UP THE MOON. HIS QUE S INVESTIGATES THE RO T L OF THE “OUTSIDER” IN E A TIGHT-KNIT COMMUNIT Y AND QUESTIONS THE PURPOSE OF STRUCTU RE AS MONUMENT OR A SYMBOL OF BELONGIN G. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS prints , 2009. Digital Starman series Nicole AWAI Trinidad 31 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE I RESPOND TO PEOPLES’ INTERACTION WITH ME AS A N ANGLOPHONE CARIBBEAN BO DY LIVING AN AM ERICAN LIFE. THERE IS A CO NSTANT AND INHERENT STA TE OF DUALIT Y IN THIS EXIST ENCE. NOT A STATE OF CON FUSION OR A CRISIS OF IDE NTITY BUT AN ACKNOWLEDG EMENT, ACCEP TANCE - AN OWNING O F SIMULTANEO US MULTIPLE REA LITIES. I HAVE AN IMPULSE T O “MIRROR” AN D PLAY WITH VIS UAL LANGUAG ES IN A WAY THA T FORESTALL S QUICK READIN GS. THE VIEWE R IS SUSPENDED IN “LOCAL EPHEM ERA” – THE WORLD OF IN-BETWEE N– ALWAYS IN BE TWEEN THIS W ORLD AND ANOTHER . (IN BETWEEN LAYERS, IN BE TWEEN MEANIN G, IN BETWEEN DEF INITIONS) CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS a: t and nail Local Ephemer e, acrylic pain it Specimen from ph ra G . 09 ia!, 20 Mix More Med cm. r, 96.5 x 127 pe pa polish on La Vaughn Porc Digital vide . 0:51 Duration: 00:1 THIS PROJECT CAME OUT OF AN INTEREST IN THE AESTHETICS OF CARIBBEAN INTERIOR DÉCOR AND IN PARTICULAR THE COMMONLY FEATURED COFFEE TABLE OR MESITA DE SALA. I FOUND THAT THE OBJECTS AND FIGURINES COLLECTED ON THE TABLES REVEALED A PECULIAR DISCOURSE BETWEEN THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE. DIFFERENT FROM THE RELIGIOUS ALTARS, I SAW THESE “DECORATIVE ALTARS” AS ANOTHER TYPE OF ENGAGEMENT WITH THE SACRED, THE INTIMATE AND THE RITUAL. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Tobaelgaion Diaries, 2003. mensions. o, variable di 33 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE BELLE Bahama ox, 2009. Lukasa B 5.4 x 25.4 Mixe 20.3 x 2 d media, cm. THE AEST HETIC OF M Y WORK IS BY SEVER INFLUENC AL ANCES ED TRAL CRA JARS (THA F TS: MEMOR T WERE PL Y ACED ON A AMERICAN FRICAN GRAVES IN THE SOUTH MEMORY B ), OARDS (‘LU K ASA’ BY T PEOPLE OF HE LUBA WEST AFR ICA), AND AFRICAN A QUILTS BY MERICANS IN THE SOU BEAUTIFU TH. THESE LLY CRAF T E D OBJECT ASSEMBLE S WERE D TO CELE BRATE AN OUR PHYS D INTERPR ICAL AND ET SPIRITUAL EXISTENCE . CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS BLAsDES 35 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Lillian Terry BODDIE St. Kitts /USA 37 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE I WISH TO INVESTIGATE AND ILLUSTRATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO KINDS OF MEMORY: THE KIND THAT IS DOCUMENTED BY MECHANICAL RECORDING DEVICES, SUCH AS THE CAMERA, OR PRESERVED THROUGH HISTORICAL MATERIALS SUCH AS MAPS, BIRTH CERTIFICATES, LEDGERS, AND THE KIND OF MEMORY WHICH RESIDES IN THE RECESSES OF THE MIND. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Untitled (Weapons of Choice), 2009. Photo emulsion, toner, digital image transfer, 38.1 x 55.9 cm. St. V l, 2010. Imperia Colla I SEEK WITHIN STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION TO CONSIDER THE COLONIZATION O F LANGUAGE AND THE IMPLICATIONS O F PAST AND PRES ENT PASSAGES. THE SEA IS HIST ORY AND WITHIN THA T HISTORY THERE IS ONLY FICTION. one ne l durot rchiva ge on a cm. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS E O N Y B incent 84 x 106 39 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Holly aged, wsprint go Santia . sions dimen e l b a i r int, va and pa l a t e ood, m 11. W 0 2 , d Kin Some FIRST, I LIKE THE HAMMER AS A SYMBOL FOR LABOR, PROGRES AND POWER; THE S ARE ASSOCIATIO SE NS FAMILIAR TO EVERYONE. SECOND, ALL THE HAMMERS HAVE T O FIT MY HAND. THIRD AND FINAL THEY ALL HAVE : BE NON-FUNCTIONTO EVEN THE ONES T AL. LOOK BEEFY WIL HAT BREAK IF PUT TOL THE TEST. 41 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE B CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS L CelA ize BAGASSE, THE TRASH LEFT AS A METAPHOR FOR AN EC OVER AFTER SUGAR CANE CULTIVATION, IS USED RELATIONSHIPS AS BY-PRO ONOMIC SYSTEM THAT VIEWS SOCIETY AND HUMAN DUCTS. ULTIMATELY, THE W RE -IM ORK ATTEMPTS TO A GE TH E PAST IN A WAY THAT LIBE Charles RATES THE FUTURE. MPBELL CA Jamaica se), 2009. Bagasse Cycle 1 (Bagas 0 x 220 cm. Acrylic on canvas, 55 Keisha CASTELLO Jamaica 45 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE MY REFL PRESENTECTION ON THES THE EAR S ME WITH THOUE LATEST WORK S MOTHER LIEST RELATION GHTS ABOUT FORMATI AND BABY AND TSHIP BETWEEN BETWEENON OF LANGUAG HE SYMBOLIC COMMUNI THEM THROUGHE FORMED FOR DAR CATION….DESPIT UNCONSCIOUS K DEEDS, E ITS CAP THE UNCO T ACITY H E SHADOW OF CREATIVI NSCIOUS IS THE TY THAT INFORMSSEAT OF MY WORK . CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Chair, 2010. Digital print, 106.7 x 160 cm . John COXas as, 167 on canv ic l y r c A , 2009. tranger S t c e f r Pe Fight a fraid to A t o N I Am Baham CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 47 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE I FIND MY WORK CHALLENGING TO CREATE AND CHALLENGING TO THE VIEWER AS WELL. ONE THING I’VE COME TO REALIZE IS THAT PEOPLE DON’T LIKE TO BE CHALLENGED. THEY FIND IT INTIMIDATING, A STRAIN TO ACTUALLY HAVE TO THINK ABOUT THE WORK AND TO QUESTION SOMETHING. .3 cm. .6 x 274 Blue n: 00:02:17. ns. Duratio o si en im d eo, variable . Digital vid 08 20 , st a M Tree: Phone f the Palm Discovery o BLUE CURRY’S WORK CONJURES ALLURING FANTASIES OF THE NATIVE, THE TROPICAL AND THE EXOTIC WHILE SLYLY DISRUPTING THE MYTHIC COMPONENTS INTRINSIC TO THESE FAMILIAR NARRATIVES. HIS MINIMALIST OBJECTS, FILMS AND INSTALLATIONS FLOAT AMBIGUOUSLY BETWEEN THE MODES OF THE ETHNOGRAPHIC, THE SOUVENIRISTIC AND THE CONTEMPORARY. 49 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Bahama CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Y CURR s RT E S E D K ULRIC Jean x 90 cm. paper, 120 n paper, 120 x 90 cm. n o g a r d n o g ka Ink and ra u, 2009. In rens Hustr al of the U.N., 2009. a r te e r k e Generals Secretary Gener The Seventh 51 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE FOR TEN Y SECRETAR EARS GENERAL FIGURE-HE Y KOFI ANNAN WAS THE FUNCTION AD OF THE UN, I DIPLOMAT NG AS A BORDERLE THAT A B . HIS TENURE SUGG SS R E SIGN OF C ANDED-ICON IS OFT STS O CREATED LLECTIVE CONSEN EN A S B INCLUDING Y MULTIPLE MEAN US S INVESTITU EDUCATION, AWAR D THE “TROPRES AND TROPHIES S, . SEVERAL HIES” SERIES PRES P FOR THE V OINTS OF DEPART ENTS U MOTIF KNOIEWER: A) THE FAM RE I PAINTINGS WN AS PAINT-BY-N LIAR U INTERACT . B) A CONFIDENCE MBER T INTRICACYWITH ART. C) IMAGI O N ANALYZE IS OFTEN SIMPLE ATIVE D W FOR HOPE . D) MODEL DIPLOM HEN A REWARDE AND CHANGE IS OF CY D. TEN CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Haiti Richard 0:09:00. Duration: 0 s. n o si en im , variable d Digital video . 2 0 0 2 s, d Islan 53 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE RGER A L A R OVE D E L L U M Y’S L G I N M O A L F D I HA T MY U O RAS B T A X T E C E E I J V MO PRO S A SE IN T E N N I E H M C T S E AN R E S W ENLI A W Y E R H ET THE BECAUS LACES-MY BRO FILM WHEN FUNNY P A FU MANCHU TUDENT IN N EXTRA I A UNIVERSITY S. PART OF THE HE WAS IN THE 1960S… IS THE WAY IRELANDIVE IN ISLANDS SCULINITY NARRAT E AWKWARD MA CTER THAT TH ITCHUM CHARA’S. HE M OF THE ELED MY UNCLEN AND HIS PARALL ERY MANLY MA HE HAD HIS WAS A V WAS HUNTING. OWLEDGE AND PASSION , BUT TO MY KN ER HE NEVER BUDDIES NG TO MY MOTH IONSHIP-WITH I ACCORD OMANTIC RELAT HAD A R ENDER. G EITHER Trinida CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS FUNG d Jocelyn GARDNER (R) Aristolochia bilobala (Nimine), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. WORKING WITH STONE LITHOGRAPHY, SHE RUPTURES PATRIARCHAL OR COLONIAL VERSIONS OF HISTORY BY RE-INSERTING IMAGES OF THE WOMEN OMITTED FROM THIS HISTORY. 55 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE (L) Mimosa pudica (Yabba), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Barbados CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE 57 cm. 80.6 x 3 21. int, 1 r p l a digit 09. 0 2 m osso l, bl a b i s, tr loui on TH l r a M FFI GRniIdad Tri MARLON GRIFFITH IS AN ARTIST WHOSE PRACTICE IS BASED UPON A RECIPROCAL DIALOGUE BETWEEN MAS (THE ARTISTIC COMPONENT OF THE TRINIDAD CARNIVAL) AND ART AS A MEANS OF INVESTIGATING THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE EMBODIED EXPERIENCE: IT IS SITUATED AT THE INTERSECTION OF THE VISUAL AND PUBLIC PERFORMANCE. Abigail HADEED Trinidad 95. 59 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE TREES WITHOU T ROOTS WAS M A POSSIBLE THR DE O THE KINDNESS UGH SUPPORT OF V AND IR PÉREZ RATTO GINIA N WAS A CHARIS . SHE M AND WONDERF ATIC U WOMAN WHO A L D THE WORK OF VANCED M CARIBBEAN A ANY N AMERICAN WO D LATIN M ARTISTS. THIS EN IS DEDICATED WORK TO HER MEMORY. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS ots, 19 hout Ro it w s e e r sT he serie , from t n a g m r c o 43.2 . Iris M t, 27.9 x in r p l a Digit Nadia NS I G G HU cia St. Lu l 29.8 x print, m. 39.4 c THE S. THE T R A P SA T -NES LONG E Y K A A D T Y A R RK E S O V Y W E O L R D P E M H ION, AN E T I Y E S A H O D S P EVERY POSITIONS ION TO COM THE FORM NT SE E U T F JUXTA T N ING I A S E R S C E E N H R E D WITH AND PRES EREBY AD LIGHT ONTENT, TH BEAUTY. AND C OF VEILED IDEAS iet he Qu ita . Dig 2006 Fight, OR VEL F A R N T O Surin ATI URES I N I TO C S Y T R A L F NT IR CU IN MYNAMESE THE COU NCE THE MY SURI UGHOUT EXPERIE ITIONS. LTI THROESS AND ND TRADARGE MU WITN STYLES A S ARE L N WHICH LIFE ST WORKPIECES I OF THE ESE LATEA BATIK AT PARTSURINAM MEDI LORE TH E FROM AFRICAN AR I EXPI CULTURES FROM AINS CLE WINT ON TRIB CH CONT IGENOUS I O MAR ENT, WH ROM IND DESCUENCES F ULTURE. INFL INDIAN C AMER i Frekt CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS ed ixed m dm tik an a B . , 2010 a wan n n o k 63 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE O M O i r R S K I D IROame . 47 cm 7x1 ia, 26 Jam Jaba ri 7. , 200 101.6 rint, .2. x 76 al p Digit CAPTURING THE SOUL OF SOMEONE WAS NEVER MY INITIAL OBJECTIVE. I JUST WANTED MY SUBJECTS TO BE RELAXED IN FRONT OF MY CAMERA. I DON’T LIKE TO IMPOSE ANY DIRECTIONS ON THEM, I JUST LET THEM BE AND THE RESULTS HAVE BEEN FASCINATING, ESPECIALLY TO ME, AS THESE PEOPLE UNVEIL IN FRONT OF MY LENS. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS JAaica 65 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE n o l r a M MES Patricia T U O H N E S R KAE e Surinam ok, . Printed bo ble Men, 2009 26.7 x 19 x 1 cm. I SPECIFICALLY WANT TO BE AS MINIMAL A PRESENCE AS POSSIBLE IN MY WORK. 67 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE IN MY EARLIER PAINTINGS I WAS BUSY MAKING BLACK PEOPLE VISIBLE BY PAINTING THEM VERY EMPHATICALLY, WITHOUT A BACKDROP, EMOTION, A PAINTERLY TOUCH OR SIGNATURE. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Invisi Guyana Virtual Exiles: Fro . x 72 cm 0. Gic rds, 200 Backya ntline, t, 47.4 lée prin HER RESEARC ARTWORK RE-IH AND AND RE-IMAGINNTERPRETS CONTEMPORAR ES HISTORICAL EXY AND OF THE EVERY PERIENCES SHE EXPLORESDAY. BETWEEN BRIT THE LINK CARIBBEAN CUISH AND THROUGH THE LTURE PHOTOGRAPHSUSE OF MEDIA, AND NE , DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT TWORKED S. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS OO D A P M KE 69 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Roshini CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 106.7 cm t, 142.2 x in r p l a 08. Digit Home, 20 e h t in r Wa Trin I INVESTIGATE CONCEPTS AND NARRATIVES SURROUNDING MORTALITY, THE FRAGILITY AND IMPERMANENCE OF FAMILIAR SPACES, GENDER DISCOURSE, AND SOCIAL POLITICS. I AM INTERESTED IN THE UNIVERSAL PHENOMENA OF LOSS, THE POLITICS OF SPACE, AND NEGOTIATIONS OF CONTROL. 71 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Jamie LOY LEiE dad Hew LOCKE TH I W G N RKI S AND O W N BEE IFICATE TS OF E V A I H RE CERT OCUMEN ES SHA ORICAL DCOMPANI T HISTMERCIAL GER EXIS COM H NO LONERGONE OUGH WHIC AVE UND TION THRTCY, OR HNSFORMABANKRUP THER TRA EOVERS, TION OR O L TAK IONALIZA POLITICA TED NATNOMIC OR AVE PAINSE. IN ECO NGES. I H VER THE YERS CHA DRAWN O THESE LAYING AND E CASES, UNDERL THERS, SOMCURE THE AND IN O TO IT, OBS RMATION TENTION ECENT INFOW OUR ATF MORE R DRA E TELL O TS. SOMBAL EVEN GLO 73 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Western Union International, 2009. Acrylic paint and felt pen on paper, 30.4 x 24.4 cm. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Guyana Pauline E MARaCELL Dominic 75 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE MY PAINTINGS FROM PHOTOGRDERIVE THE SERIES BE APHS AND BOUTIQUE IS BAND DOWN MY JOURNEY T SED ON TAKING ME TO TO GHANA, COASTLINES WH HE OF T-SHIRTS, TRERE PILES TEXTILES, FISH OUSERS, NETS, SHOES, R ERMAN’S CONTENTS OF TOPES AND FORMED SCULP HE OCEAN BODIES OF SEA TURAL DEBRIS ON THE WASHED BEACH. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 160 x 120 cm. Oil on canvas, . 08 20 , 25 e utiqu Bend Down Bo CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 77 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE , 201 0. O nline proje ct. Baha mas Prel ude Kish M an UNR OE MY LIM ART I OF INAL NHAB EXPOUR H SPACEITS MOM ERIENUMAN S ERA ENTS CE. TRA S WH , PER LIF NSITI EN WE IODS, JOYE TO D ONS F MAK IGN TO S EATH ROM E UNDORAN ADNE , FRO ECS ERST CE TO SS, M I AM TASY ANDIN IN R NOT TO A G, SUP EPRE INTERGONY BUT ERFICSENT ESTE . D SIM SEEK IALITING ENG ULTA TO Y, US AGE NEOUS JOUWE KEPARTS LY SUB RNEY EP HI OF FEA LIMIN S WE DDEN FRA RS A ALLY TAKE , , NO ILTIE ND UNCONE N S WE THO OVER OTICE HOPE AND SE ASING A S, HID PRE SUMPLL RIG E ANDJUDIC TION DEFHTEOU SOMEES WES END SLY TIM ES . Nikolai NOEL 20.3 cm. panel, 25.4 x n o re tu ix m ite linseed oil , 2010. graph s) m o o R o w George (T Toussaint et 79 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE THE WOR PURP THE K IS T OSE O OUR WAY O QUE F MY ARE CIVIL WE ST STION THA THE IZATI RUCT WOR T GOVINSTITON. WHURE INST LD WE ERN T UTION Y S GOV ITUTI KNO HE W E O WE K RN T NS T , THE HAV NOW? HE WOHAT ALT E EVO COUL RLD EQU ERNA LVED D WE ORG ITABLTIVE, AN IS ITANIZI E FORMORE DO W TOO NG OU M OF DES E HA LATE RSELV OF TIRE FOVE TH TO DO ES? I AM HING? R TH E WIL IT? AT K L OR MILL INTE IND OCC IONS RESTE BRO URRE OF YE D IN T POINUGHT NCES ARS HE US T THA OF T. O TH T IS CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Trinidad Ebony G. PATTERSON Jamaica 81 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE THE ON WORK GGOING BODY + THE D ANGSTAS, D OF EXPLOROILEY BOYZ ISCIPLEZ TRENDS ES FASHION DANCEH WITHIN JA ABLE WHILE T ALL CULTUMAICAN WITHIN HE EARLIERRE. ON THE THIS BODY WORKS BLEACH PRACTICE OFOCUSED RECENT ING, THE MO F SKIN CALLED WORK EXA ST AND ITS “BLING CULMINES SONOTION RECONSTR TURE” S OF MA U CHISMCOTION OF . CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS cm. ital print, 204.5 x 306 Entourage, 2010. Dig Marcel PINAS WITH HIS A PINAS AI RT MARCEL M A LASTIN S TO CREATE G RECOR D THE LIFE STYLE A OF ND TRADITIO N MAROON S OF HIS HERITAG E AND HOP ES TO CREATE A WORLD W AWAREN ESS AND IDE APPRECI A UNIQUE T TION FOR THE R COMMUN ADITIONAL ITIES IN SURINAM E. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Fragment kbi wi kani, 2007. Bottles and cloth, variable dimensions. 83 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Suriname Dhiradj Caribbea te, 185 x 75 x d concre Textile metal an AFTER THEL INDUSTRIAON, REVOLUTI ISM HAS MATERIALNTLY SIGNIFICA D AMONGST INCREASE AND MANKIND, HAS BEHAVIOR NTLY SUBSEQUEGREATLY CHANGED HAVE ALSO. WE A TIME ENTERED MAN WHERE HU BEHAVIOR ME HAS BECO TABLE, UNPREDIC REMAINS AND THUS ERY. T S Y M A Y L LARGE 80 cm CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS SurinanmWeoman Project, 2010. 85 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE J RAMSAMOED Sheena ROSE . THE PRIMARY FOCUS OF MY ANIMATION IS SOMETHING THAT I CAN ARGUABLY SAY EVERYONE STRUGGLES WITH, AND THAT IS CONSTANTLY THINKING ABOUT OUR DAILY PROBLEMS. THERE ARE NOT VERY MANY TIMES DURING THE DAY WHEN OUR MINDS ARE AT REST. WE ARE ALWAYS DWELLING ON SOMETHING THAT WE NEED TO DO; A BROKEN RELATIONSHIP, HOW WE ARE GOING TO MANAGE PAYING THE ELECTRICITY BILL AS WELL AS BUYING NEW SCHOOL UNIFORMS AT THE END OF THE MONTH... CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS ration: 00:02:44 le dimensions. Du l video, variab Town, 2008. Digita 87 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE Barbados CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE 89 Oneika RUSSELL Jamaica 56. ensions. Duration: 00:03: video, variable dim Porthole, 2008. Digital I SEEK TO CREAT E A NEW NARRAT STORIES, WHICH SAY SOMETHING IVE FROM OLD EXPERIENCE AND ABOUT MY CULT URAL C O N T IN UED UNDERSTAN MYSELF THROUG DING OF H THE MEDIA. Heino SCHMID USING SE EXPER LF-REFEREN TIAL IENCES A TO ILLU S AN A MINATI V NG COL ENUE EXPER IE L THE SU NCES I HOPE ECTIVE TO REV BTLE S E O THAT I NFORM CIAL DRAMAS AL OU ULTIMA TELY B R LIVES AND R REALIT IES TO ING THOSE TH FOR DIS CUSSIO E FOREFRON T N. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:05:03. 91 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE bahamas Temporary Horizon, 2010. Phillip THOMAS jamaica 93 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE I INTEND TO MANUFACTURE CULTURAL RELIQUARIES, ARTIFACTS AND SOCIAL CURIOSITIES THAT REPRESENT THE CULTURAL TAPESTRY OF THE CARIBBEAN AND THE WIDER “NEW WORLD”, USING MEDIUMS AND OTHER AGENTS OF THE OLD WORLD CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Carousel, 2009. Oil on canvas, 198.1 x 442 cm. Rodell NER WAaR d .5 cm. 74.9 x 49 SE E H T , E NRIS U S E TERS H C A R IN T A MA D CH A E R M D U T T COS TREE S A T U PLAY O ROCESSION, P W O L S AS H IN T A H AT M TO A R E D L T A T I LY L G N I Z A AND E AM G N A H CH TH I T I W W O O D D G TO N I H T Y EVER E OF C N A N MAINTE UO. Q S U T A STA CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS Relief s 95 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE trinid print, . Digital 0 1 0 2 , s erie Tonya 10 cm. THE OBJECT S PROVOKE THE VIEWER TO INTERACT WITH THEM. THE VIEWER BEGINS TO E XPRESS A POSTURE TO WARD THEM, POSSIBLY TO UCHING THE LEATHER, OR STICKING HIS/HER TON GUE INTO IT, OR POSSI BLY NOT UNDERSTAN DING THE OBJECT’S IN VITATION TO PLAY AT AL L. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS barbados her, 33 x 27 x Porcelain, leat Tongue, 2008. 97 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE WILES Natalie WOOsD 99 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE RKING O W Y L T N PRESE M HICH A W I , D L R A I A R O E B THE MAT RRUGATED CARD OR MY F O WITH IS C N APT METAPHOR ARD OFTEN O I FIND IS A UBJECTS. CARDB NSPORT A S BLENDED ED WITH TRADE, TR WN FOR ITS ASSOCIAT MENT, IS ALSO KNO XTURE OF I AND MOVE LITY, A CURIOUS M D IS SEEN I N ADAPTAB AND FRAGILITY A IS EASILY STRENGTHCOST OPTION THAT CLED. AS A LOW D AND OFTEN RECY DISCARDE CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS barbado Wrestling with the Image: Caribbean Interventions forms part of the About Change emerging artists’ program, an initiative conceived and sponsored by the World Bank Art Program in partnership with the InterAmerican Development Bank, the OAS, and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Secretariat. About Change is a series of juried exhibitions of contemporary art from Latin America and the Caribbean that will take place throughout 2011 and 2012 at different venues in Washington, D.C., including the World Bank, the Art Museum of the Americas, and the galleries of the Inter-American Development Bank. It has been organized by the World Bank Art Program under the auspices of the World Bank Vice Presidency for Latin America and the Caribbean Region. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Exhibition Curators Christopher Cozier - Artist and Independent Curator Tatiana Flores - Assistant Professor, Department of Art History and Latino and Caribbean Studies, Rutgers University Art Museum of the Americas Lydia Bendersky - Director of Cultural Affairs Matias Cuevas - Designer and Special Events Planner Adam de Boer - Exhibitions Assistant Fabián Goncalves - Exhibition Coordinator Jenna Kloeppel - Intern Maria Leyva - Curator Emeritus Charo Marroquin - Administrator Andrés Navia - Managing Director Adriana Ospina - Education Coordinator Trinidad Saldívar - Specialist Greg Svitil - Public and Media Coordinator published by ARTZPUB/DRACONIAN SWITCH • www.artzpub.com design by Richard Mark Rawlins World Bank Art Program Celia Bravo - Program Assistant Roxana Bravo - Photographer and Shipment Coordinator Matthew Burke - Registrar Maria del Carmen Cossu - Senior Education Coordinator Anne Dronnier - Media Coordinator Evangelina Elizondo - Assistant Curator Adam Gage -Shipping Marina Galvani - Curator and Manager Elena Grant - Art Historical Research Fernanda Ramírez - Exhibition Coordinator Richard V. Sukhu - Art Handling Amber Van De Genachte - Volunteers Coordinator Special thanks to Aura Graciela Andrade Marielle Barrow Caribbean InTransit John Cox Annalee Davis Richard J. Demato Friends of the Art Museum of the Americas Ifigenia Flores Leonardo Flores Michele Greet Paul Hedge Jay Koment Nicholas Laughlin O’Neil Lawrence Bahamas Mission to the OAS Monique Nouh Chaia Amb. Albert R. Ramdin Richard Mark Rawlins Paúl I. Romero Aldo Lauria Santiago Janine Schoonover Brit Swan, Jr. LISTING OF SHOW WORKS & ARTISTS WEBSITES 1. 2009. Photo emulsion and acrylic on handmade paper, 27.9 x 22.9 cm. Ewan Atkinson (Barbados), Starman series,2009. Digital prints, 20.3 x 25.4 cm/25.4 x 20.3 cm. 8. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Nicole Awai (Trinidad/U.S.A), Specimen from Local Ephemera: Mix More Media!,2009. Graphite, acrylic paint and nail polish on paper, 96.5 x 127 cm. LaVaughn Belle (Tobago), Porcelain Diaries, 2003. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:10:51. Lillian Blades (The Bahamas/U.S.A.), African-American (diptych),2009. Mixed media assemblage, 40.6 x 53.3 x 7.6 cm. Lillian Blades (The Bahamas/U.S.A.), Lukasa Box, 2009. Mixed media, 20.3 x 25.4 x 25.4 cm. Terry Boddie (St. Kitts/U.S.A.), Trade I, 2009. Photo emulsion and acrylic on handmade paper, 27.9 x 22.9 cm. 9. Terry Boddie (St. Kitts/U.S.A.), Smuggler, 2009. Photo emulsion and acrylic on handmade paper, 27.9 x 22.9 cm. Terry Boddie (St. Kitts/U.S.A.), Currency, 2009. Photo emulsion and acrylic on handmade paper, 27.9 x 22.9 cm. 10. Terry Boddie (St. Kitts/U.S.A.), Untitled (Weapons of Choice), 2009. Photo emulsion, toner, digital image transfer, 38.1 x 55.9 cm. 11. Holly Bynoe (Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines/U.S.A.), Imperial, 2010. Collage on archival durotone newsprint aged, 84 x 106 cm. 12. Holly Bynoe (Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines/U.S.A.), Brian, 2010. Collage on archival durotone newsprint aged, 84 x 106 cm. Terry Boddie (St. Kitts/U.S.A.), Trade II, 13. Holly Bynoe (Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines/U.S.A.), Inbred, 2010. Collage on archival durotone newsprint aged, 84 x 106 cm. 14. Santiago Cal (Belize/U.S.A.), Some Kind, 2011. Wood, metal and paint, variable dimensions. 15. Charles Campbell (Jamaica/Canada), Bagasse Cycle 1 (Bagasse), 2009. Acrylic on canvas, 550 x 220 cm. 16. Keisha Castello (Jamaica/U.K.), Chair, 2010. Digital print, 106.7 x 160 cm. 17. John Cox (The Bahamas),I Am Not Afraid to Fight a Perfect Stranger, 2009. Acrylic on canvas, 167.6 x 274.3 cm. 18. Blue Curry (The Bahamas/U.K.), Discovery of the Palm Tree: Phone Mast, 2008. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:02:17. 19. Blue Curry (The Bahamas/U.K.), Untitled, 2009. Conch shells, strobe light, 25 x 20 x 15 cm per piece. 33. Abigail Hadeed (Trinidad), Albertina Robertina,from the series Trees without Roots,1995. Digital print, 27.9 x 43.2 cm. 22. Richard Fung (Trinidad/Canada), Islands, 2002. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:09:00. 34. Abigail Hadeed (Trinidad), Black Star Line Bonds, from the series Trees without Roots,1995. Digital print, 27.9 x 43.2 cm. 23. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Hibiscus esculentus (Sibyl), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 35. Abigail Hadeed (Trinidad), UNIA Document, from theseries Trees without Roots,1995. Digital print, 27.9 x 43.2 cm. 24. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Mimosa pudica (Yabba), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 36. Abigail Hadeed (Trinidad), Iris Morgan,from the series Trees without Roots,1995. Digital print, 27.9 x 43.2 cm. 25. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Aristolochia bilobala (Nimine), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 37. Nadia Huggins (St. Vincent/St. Lucia), Passenger, 2005. Digital print, 29.8 x 39.4 cm. 26. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Veronica frutescens (Mazerine), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 27. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Eryngium foetidum (Prue), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 28. JoscelynGardner (Barbados/Canada), Convolvulus jalapa (Yara), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 91.4 x 61 cm. 29. Joscelyn Gardner (Barbados/Canada), Poinciana pulcherrima (Lilith), 2009. Hand painted stone lithograph on frosted mylar, 127 x 76.2 cm. 30. Marlon Griffith (Trinidad/Japan), Louis, 2009. Digital print, 121.3 x 80.6 cm. 31. Marlon Griffith (Trinidad/Japan), Blossom, 2009. Digital print, 121.3 x 80.6 cm. 38. Nadia Huggins (St. Vincent/St. Lucia), The Garden, 2005. Digital print, 29.8 x 39.4 cm. 39. NadiaHuggins (St. Vincent/St. Lucia), The Quiet Fight, 2006. Digital print, 29.8 x 39.4 cm. 40. Nadia Huggins (St. Vincent/St. Lucia), Black Hole, 2009. Digital print, 30.5 x 4 4.4 cm. 41. Sri Irodikromo (Suriname), Frekti kon na wan, 2010. Batik and mixed media, 267 x 147 cm. 42. Marlon James (Jamaica), Jabari, 2007. Digital print, 101.6 x 76.2. 43. Marlon James (Jamaica), Mark and Gisele, 2007. Digital print, 101.6 x 76.2. 46. Roshini Kempadoo (Guyana/U.K.), Virtual Exiles: Frontline, Backyards, 2000. Giclée print, 47.4 x 72 cm. 47. Roshini Kempadoo (Guyana/U.K.), Virtual Exiles: The Color Museum, 2000. Giclée print, 47.4 x 72 cm. 48. Roshini Kempadoo (Guyana/U.K.), Virtual Exiles: From the Edge, 2000. Giclée print, 47.4 x 72 cm. 49. Roshini Kempadoo (Guyana/U.K.), Virtual Exiles: Going for Gold, 2000. Giclée print, 47.4 x 72 cm. 50. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), Mexico National Packing Company, 2009. Acrylic paint and marker pen on paper, 23.9 x 36.4 cm. 51. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), Kohinoor Mills Company, 2009. Acrylic paint on paper, 24.4 x 30.5 cm. 52. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), Republique Chinoise, 2009. Acrylic paint and felt pen on paper, 36.9 x 30.5 cm. 53. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), Tanganyika Concessions Limited, 2009. Acrylic paint and felt pen on paper, 35 x 26 cm. 54. HewLocke (Guyana/U.K.), Western Union International, 2009. Acrylic paint and felt pen on paper, 30.4 x 24.4 cm. 55. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), Barclays Bank Limited, 2009. Acrylic paint on paper, 30.2 x 25.4 cm. 56. Hew Locke (Guyana/U.K.), West Indies Sugar Corporation, 2009. Acrylic paint on paper, 30.7 x 22 cm. 57. Jaime LeeLoy (Trinidad), Talk to Me, 2008. Digital print, 106.7 x 142.2 cm. 44. Marlon James (Jamaica), Stef2, 2010. Digital print, 101.6 x 76.2. 58. Jaime LeeLoy (Trinidad), War in the Home, 2008. Digital print, 142.2 x 106.7 cm. 45. Patricia Kaersenhout (Suriname/ Holland), Invisible Men, 2009. Printed book, 26.7 x 19 x 1 cm. 59. Pauline Marcelle (Dominica/Austria), Bend Down Boutique 05, 2008. Oil on canvas, 120 x 160 cm. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 21. Jean-Ulrick Désert (Haiti/Germany), The Seventh Secretary General of the U.N., 2009. Ink and rag on paper, 120 x 90 cm. 32. Marlon Griffith (Trinidad/Japan), Tribal, 2009. Digital print, 121.3 x 80.6 cm. 103 WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE 20. Jean-Ulrick Désert (Haiti/Germany), Generalsekreterarens Hustru,2009. Ink and rag on paper, 120 x 90 cm. 62. Nikolai Noel (Trinidad), Toussaint et George (Two Rooms), 2010. Acrylic, graphite and linseed oil on panel, 25.4 x 20.3 cm. 63. Nikolai Noel (Trinidad), Toussaint on Horseback, 2010. Graphite, linseed oil, and ballpoint on paper, 22.86 x 30.48 cm. 64. Nikolai Noel (Trinidad), Toussaint Greeting, 2010. Graphite and linseed oil on panel, 20.3 x 25.40 cm. 65. Nikolai Noel (Trinidad), Natives on the Side, 2010. Graphite, linseed oil and spray paint on panel, 61 x 61 cm. 66. Nikolai Noel (Trinidad), A Record of Angels Passing (polytych),2010. Graphite, linseed oil and white charcoal on panel, 12.7 x 17.8 cm. 74. Philip Thomas (Jamaica), Carousel, 2009. Oil on canvas, 198.1 x 442 cm. 75. Rodell Warner (Trinidad), Relief series, 2010. Digital print, 74.9 x 49.5 cm. 76. Tonya Wiles (Barbados), Nanny Nanny Boo Boo I, 2009. Digital print, 151.1 x 101 cm. CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS 61. Kishan Munroe (The Bahamas), Prelude,2010. Online project. 73. Heino Schmid (The Bahamas), Temporary Horizon, 2010. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:05:03. 77. Natalie Wood (Trinidad/Canada), Right On, 2006. Deconstructed cardboard, 45.7 x 61 cm. 78. Natalie Wood (Trinidad/Canada), Satellite, 2006. Deconstructed cardboard, 45.7 x 61 cm. 105 Ewan Atkinson: http://www.ewanatkinson.com/ John Cox: http://www.iamjohncox.com/ Marlon James: http://mjamestudio.com/ Nikolai Noel: http://nikolainoelprojects.blogspot.com/ 67. Ebony G. Patterson (Jamaica/U.S.A.), Entourage, 2010. Digital print, 204.5 x 306 cm. La Vaughn Belle: http://www.lavaughnbelle.com/ Blue Curry: www.bluecurry.com/ Patricia Kaersenhout: http://www.kaersenhout.com/ 68. Marcel Pinas (Suriname), Fragment kbi wi kani, 2007. Bottles and cloth, variable dimensions. Lillian Blades: http://www.lillianblades.com/ Jean-Ulrick Désert: http://www.jeanulrickdesert.com/ Roshini Kempadoo: http://www.roshinikempadoo.co.uk/ Ebony G. Patterson: http://artitup.zoomshare.com/ Oneika Russell: http://oneikarussell.net/ 69. Dhiradj Ramsamoedj (Suriname), Caribbean Woman Project, 2010. Textile metal and concrete, 185 x 75 x 80 cm. Terry Boddie: http://www.terryboddie.com Richard Fung: http://www.richardfung.ca/ Hew Locke: http://www.hewlocke.net/ Heino Schmid: http://heinoschmid.com/ Holly Bynoe: http://hollybynoe.com/ Joscelyn Gardner: http://www.joscelyngardner.com/ Jamie Lee Loy: http://jaimeleeloy.blogspot.com/ Rodell Warner: http://www.rodellwarner.com/ Santiago Cal: http://www.santiagocal.com/ Marlon Griffith: http://marlongriffith.blogspot.com/ Pauline Marcelle: http://www.paulinemarcelle.com/ Tonya Wiles: http://www.tonyawiles.com/ Charles Campbell: http://www.charlescampbellart.com/ Nadia Huggins: http://www.nadiahuggins.com/ Kishan Munroe: http://www.kishanmunroe.com/ 70. Sheena Rose (Barbados), Town, 2008. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:02:44. 71. Sheena Rose (Barbados), Cape Town, 2009. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:01:10. 72. Oneika Russell (Jamaica/Japan), Porthole, 2008. Digital video, variable dimensions. Duration: 00:03:56. WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE 60. Pauline Marcelle (Dominica/Austria), Bend Down Boutique 25, 2008. Oil on canvas, 160 x 120 cm. WRESTLING WITH THE IMAGE 107 CARIBBEAN INTERVENTIONS installing Sri Irodikromo, Frekti kon na wan, 2010.