HOW A WATCHDOG CAST A BLIND EYE ON A DOPING PLOT

Transcription

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VOL. CLXV . . . No. 57,265
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NEW YORK, THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
© 2016 The New York Times
HOW A WATCHDOG
CAST A BLIND EYE
ON A DOPING PLOT
Athletes and Officials Question Tactics of
the World Anti-Doping Agency
This article is by Rebecca R. Ruiz,
Juliet Macur and Ian Austen.
DAVID GOLDMAN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Funeral preparations were underway Wednesday in Orlando, Fla. The Cardinal Casket Company has received 23 orders so far.
As Gun Control Debate Flares, Mass Attacks, Domestic Abuse
Trump Veers From the Party Line
And a Pattern of Total Control
By ASHLEY PARKER and DAVID M. HERSZENHORN
WASHINGTON — Donald J.
Trump said Wednesday that people on the terror watch list should
be barred from buying firearms,
putting himself in the center of a
gun-control debate in Congress
revived by the worst mass shooting in United States history.
Mr. Trump’s stance, expressed
in a Twitter post, does not necessarily jibe with the positions of the
Republican Party and the National Rifle Association, whose endorsement Mr. Trump frequently
boasts about on the campaign
trail. His tweet could be read to
support measures pushed by
Democrats and opposed by Republicans in Congress, reflecting
DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Donald J. Trump, the presumptive G.O.P. nominee.
the unusual nuances of the issue,
which touches on public safety
and civil rights beyond the Second
Amendment.
“I will be meeting with the
N.R.A., who has endorsed me,
about not allowing people on the
terrorist watch list, or the no-fly
list, to buy guns,” Mr. Trump, the
presumptive Republican presidential nominee, wrote Wednesday morning on Twitter. His comment came three days after 49
people were killed when a gunman who pledged allegiance to
the Islamic State stormed an Orlando nightclub.
On the same morning, a group
of Democrats took to the Senate
floor in a filibuster to protest the
lack of improvement in gun safety
measures in recent years.
“I’ve had enough,” said Senator
Christopher S. Murphy, Democrat
of Connecticut, who spoke on and
off for about six hours on Wednesday. “I couldn’t just come back to
the Senate this week and pretend
like this is business as usual.”
The Democratic legislation,
sponsored by Senator Dianne Feinstein of California, would seek to
prevent individuals on the government’s terror watch list from
purchasing guns on the recomContinued on Page A17
One of the first things we
learned about Omar Mateen, the
gunman in the nightclub massacre in Orlando, Fla., was that his
ex-wife said he had beaten her
severely until
she left him in
2009.
If it sounds
familiar that a
AMANDA
gunman in a
TAUB
mass shooting
would have a history of domestic
violence, it should.
In February, Cedric Ford shot
17 people at his Kansas workplace, killing three, only 90 minutes after being served with a
restraining order sought by his
ex-girlfriend, who said he had
THE
INTERPRETER
AUTUMN PARRY/DAILY CAMERA, VIA AP
Sitora Yusufiy, Omar Mateen’s
former wife, said he beat her.
abused her. And Man Haron
Monis, who holed up with hostages for 17 hours in a cafe in
Sydney, Australia, in 2014, an
episode that left two people dead
and four wounded, had terrorized his ex-wife. He had
threatened to harm her if she left
him, and was eventually charged
with organizing her murder.
When Everytown for Gun
Safety, a gun control group,
analyzed F.B.I. data on mass
shootings from 2009 to 2015, it
found that 57 percent of the cases
included a spouse, former spouse
or other family member among
the victims — and that 16 percent
of the attackers had previously
been charged with domestic
violence.
Social scientists have not
settled on an explanation for this
correlation, but their research
reveals striking parallels between the factors that drive the
two phenomena.
There are, of course, a tangle
of factors behind every murder,
especially terrorism inspired by
foreign groups. But research on
domestic violence hints at a
question that often arises from
seemingly inexplicable events
like Mr. Mateen’s massacre of 49
people at an Orlando nightclub —
Continued on Page A14
New York’s Ferry Push: Rides to 5 Boroughs, at a Subway Price
By PATRICK McGEEHAN
With New York City’s subway
trains jammed to capacity and
more people than ever pouring
into neighborhoods outside Manhattan, Mayor Bill de Blasio is embarking on an ambitious and expensive plan to create a fleet of
city-owned ferryboats that would
crisscross the surrounding waterways and connect all five boroughs.
At a cost of more than $325 million, Mr. de Blasio’s expansion of
ferry service would be one of the
biggest bets any city in the world
has made on boats as vehicles for
mass transit. The mayor predicts
that the ferries would carry 4.5
million passengers a year, about
twice as many riders as San Francisco’s ferry system handles.
Mr. de Blasio has promised New
Yorkers that ferries will start running on three new routes, serving
South Brooklyn and Astoria and
the Rockaways in Queens, by the
end of June 2017, four months before he would stand for re-election. Additional routes to the
Lower East Side of Manhattan
and to Soundview in the Bronx
will be added in 2018.
“Our aim is to make this thing
A $325 Million Bet on
Boats as Vehicles of
Mass Transit
as big as possible,” said Alicia
Glen, the city’s deputy mayor for
housing and economic development. “No guts, no glory.”
“We’re still living with the footprint of an early-19th-century
transit map that didn’t contemplate the kind of job growth we’re
seeing along the waterfront,” Ms.
Glen said. The administration, she
said, is trying to create a transportation network for “the new
New York.”
The city has already spent $6
million on four commuter boats in
2016 and could own more than 30
in a few years. Mr. de Blasio also
plans to spend at least $85 million
to create 13 additional landings for
the ferries and a home port for
them at the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
But the mayor has raised the
stakes in ways few other places
have by pledging that a ferry ride
would cost the same as subway
fare, $2.75. That is a departure
INTERNATIONAL A4-10
NATIONAL A11-17
BUSINESS DAY B1-8
Torture, in Detainees’ Words
Steering Clear of Trump’s Talk
Apple’s Dependence on Devices
Transcripts from former C.I.A.
prisoners, disclosed in response to a
Freedom of Information Act lawsuit by
the A.C.L.U., add first-person testimony
to the growing historical record of the
government’s use of torture.
PAGE A6
Republican lawmakers run, walk and
engage in verbal contortions as Donald
J. Trump’s incendiary comments put
them in tough positions.
PAGE A12
Apple is trying to break loose from the
limiting perspective of its popular iPads
and iPhones, but it is hard to tell if it is
thinking big enough, Farhad Manjoo
PAGE B1
writes.
Arrest at Panama Papers Firm
An employee of Mossack Fonseca, the
law firm at the center of the leaked
documents known as the Panama Papers, was arrested in Switzerland on
PAGE A6
charges of data theft.
Reports of EgyptAir Wreckage
A search vessel in the Mediterranean
found “several main locations of the
wreckage” of Flight 804, the Egyptian
PAGE A6
government said.
NEW YORK A17-19
Moving Up on the East Side
Rockefeller University is moving over
and across the F.D.R. Drive in its quest
for more space. To accomplish that feat,
officials hired the East Coast’s largest
floating crane.
PAGE A19
Diverging Tactics on Terrorism
President Obama and Hillary Clinton
differ in how they portray Islamic terPAGE A12
rorism and how to fight it.
Alligator Kills Boy in Florida
The body of a 2-year-old boy, snatched
by an alligator as he splashed in a
lagoon at a Disney resort, below, was
PAGE A11
found after a 16-hour search.
ARTS C1-8
Fan Engagement and Fear
Since a gunman killed the singer
Christina Grimmie, musicians have
been weighing the need for fan interaction with the threat of violence. PAGE C1
THURSDAY STYLES D1-10
Still Strutting Her Stuff
In a new memoir, Pat Cleveland, one of
the first black supermodels, recalls her
PAGE D1
pioneering days in the 1970s.
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A22-23
Nicholas Kristof
PAGE A23
U(D54G1D)y+?!\!&!#!.
In December 2012, the World
Anti-Doping Agency received an
email from an Olympic athlete
from Russia. She was asking for
help.
The athlete, a discus thrower
named Darya Pishchalnikova,
had won a silver medal four
months earlier at the London
Olympics. She said that she had
taken banned drugs at the direction of Russian sports and antidoping authorities and that she
had information on systematic
doping in her country. Please investigate, she implored the
agency in the email, which was
written in English.
“I want to cooperate with
WADA,” the email said.
But WADA, the global regulator
of doping in Olympic sports, did
not begin an inquiry, even though
a staff lawyer circulated the message to three top officials, calling
the accusations “relatively precise,” including names and facts.
Instead, the agency did something that seemed antithetical to
its mission to protect clean athletes. It sent Ms. Pishchalnikova’s
email to Russian sports officials —
the very people who she said were
running the doping program.
The tactics of the World AntiDoping Agency, which is partly
funded
by
United
States
taxpayers, have come under international scrutiny in recent
months as major doping scandals
emanating from Russia have escalated into the biggest crisis in
global sports. The lab director of
the 2014 Sochi Olympics told The
New York Times that at least 15
Russian medal winners at those
Winter Games had used banned
substances as part of a state-run
program.
Only after years of mounting
clues of widespread doping did
WADA recommend barring Russia’s track and field program from
international competition; the
global governing body for track
and field is expected to decide Friday whether to bar Russia’s team
from this summer’s Olympics in
Rio de Janeiro.
Interviews with dozens of officials and athletes in the Olympic
movement revealed that the
global
antidoping
watchdog
mishandled allegations of wideContinued on Page B12
POOL PHOTO BY PAWEL KOPCZYNSKI
The Russian discus thrower
Darya Pishchalnikova in 2012.
Finance Titans Growth Tepid,
Batten Down Fed Slows Plan
For E.U. Exit To Raise Rates
By PETER S. GOODMAN
By BINYAMIN APPELBAUM
Among those who manage gobs
of money, the possibility that Britain might actually disavow the
European Union seemed until recently like a remote and even outlandish possibility.
But about a week before voters
go to the polls to determine their
future, masters of finance are suddenly absorbing the prospect that
Britain might really walk, unleashing anxiety and uncertainty
throughout the global economy.
Like local responders readying
sandbags as a hurricane menaces
their shores, financial industry
overseers have been quietly
drawing up contingency plans
while surveying the expensive
havoc a so-called Brexit is already
wreaking. Central bankers from
London to Washington have been
monitoring the tempest while
making preparations to unleash
credit should markets seize with
fear.
Angst has seeped into the calculations. As investors digest the
possibility that the largest marketplace on earth may be days
away from a messy alteration,
they have been yanking money
out of riskier storehouses like
stocks and putting it into safer instruments like bonds. The British
Continued on Page B4
WASHINGTON — The Federal
Reserve is struggling to adapt to
an economy that refuses to boom.
The Fed said on Wednesday, after a two-day meeting of its policymaking committee, that it would
not raise its benchmark interest
rate, and that future increases
were most likely to unfold at a
slower pace.
The seven-year period since the
end of the Great Recession has become one of the longest economic
expansions in American history
and, at the same time, one of the
most disappointing. The Fed, in a
statement announcing its decision, noted what had become a
typical mix of good news and bad.
Economic output has increased
while job growth has slowed, the
Fed said. Consumers are spending more while companies are
making fewer investments. Exports are rebounding, but
Britain’s June 23 referendum on
whether to leave the European
Union could set off another round
of disruptions.
“Recent economic indicators
have been mixed, suggesting that
our cautious approach to adjusting monetary policy remains appropriate,” the Fed chairwoman,
Janet L. Yellen, told a news conferContinued on Page B3
THE NEW YORK TIMES, THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
©2016 CHANEL®, Inc.
B®
A2
Inside The Times
SARA KRULWICH/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Broadway Is Coming to You
NEW COLLECTION
NOW IN BOUTIQUES
OYSTER PERPETUAL
EXPLORER II
Broadway willl join the live stream movement on June 30 with showings of the musical revival “She Loves Me,” featuring
Jane Krakowski, left, and Gavin Creel at Studio 54. The show will be available on the internet, Roku and Apple TV. Page C1.
INTERNATIONAL
NATIONAL
BUSINESS
At Hearing, Pistorius
Removes His Artificial Legs
Opposition to Judge
In Stanford Case Grows
Hedge Fund Managers
Indicted on Insider Trading
Oscar Pistorius, the Olympic runner, removed his artificial legs and
shuffled his way to the front of a
courtroom in South Africa, the third
day of a hearing to determine his
sentence for the 2013 murder of his
girlfriend. PAGE A4
A California judge who was criticized for handing down a short jail
term in a case involving a sexual
assault at Stanford University is
facing a growing number of impediments, including jurors who object
to serving in his courtroom.
Federal authorities have charged
three current and former traders at
the hedge fund Visium Asset Management with inflating the value of
securities and trading on illegal tips
they received from a former Food
and Drug Administration official.
Canadians Protest Police
A growing protest movement in
Toronto, fueled by several police
shootings of black men, has laid
bare the frustrations of the city’s
black residents. PAGE A4
Tokyo Governor Resigns
The governor of Tokyo resigned
after he admitted using funds intended for political campaigns to
pay for personal travel and entertainment, setting off a public furor.
PAGE A11
PAGE B1
Censure Urged for I.R.S.
Making Their Own Deals
A polarized House committee recommended that the House censure
the commissioner of the Internal
Revenue Service and seek to strip
him of his office and his federal
pension for “a pattern of conduct”
that betrayed the trust of Congress
and the public. PAGE A13
F.D.A. Warns Whole Foods
NEW YORK
PAGE A8
Castration in Indonesia
Indonesia’s national medical association has told its members not to
cooperate with a presidential decree
authorizing the country’s courts to
punish convicted child molesters
with chemical castration. PAGE A8
Lion Sentenced to Zoo
When forensic results pointed to an
adult male lion as the culprit in a
cluster of lion attacks, authorities in
an Indian state handed the animal a
life sentence — in a zoo. PAGE A8
Gun Rules Eased in France
rolex oyster and perpetual
are ® trademarks.
Schoolmate of Brooklyn Girl
Is Charged in Her ’06 Killing
Nearly 10 years to the day that a
Brooklyn high school student
named Chanel Petro-Nixon disappeared, the authorities announced a
major break: A man had been
indicted in her murder. PAGE A18
A Forgotten Massacre
In 1980, a former transit police
officer rampaged through Greenwich Village, killing two men and
wounding six in a spasm of anti-gay
violence that fewer and fewer people now recall. PAGE A18
France eased its gun rules to allow
off-duty police officers to carry their
side arms even if the nation is not in
a state of emergency. The move was
a response to an attack on Monday
in which an Islamic State assailant
fatally stabbed a policeman and his
companion at their home while their
child was there. PAGE A9
Anger Over Tainted Water
W.H.O.’s Reversal on Coffee
OBITUARIES
An influential panel of experts
convened by the World Health
Organization concluded that regularly drinking coffee could protect
against at least two types of cancer
— a rare reversal for the panel,
which had previously described
coffee as “possibly carcinogenic” in
1991. PAGE A9
Sovereign wealth funds, pension
funds and even private families
have taken it on themselves to buy
pieces of companies, or in some
cases, the whole thing. By taking
direct stakes, they avoid paying
management fees to private equity
firms. PAGE B1
Residents of Hoosick Falls, N.Y.,
came to the State Capitol, in Albany,
to protest the government’s handling of dangerously high levels of a
toxic chemical in the village’s drinking water. PAGE A21
Gregory Rabassa, 94
He was a distinguished translator
from Spanish and Portuguese
known in particular for making the
wave of powerful fiction that
emerged in Latin America in the
1960s accessible in English.
PAGE B9
The Food and Drug Administration
sent a stern warning letter this
month to Whole Foods Markets,
saying that the company had failed
to address a long list of food safety
issues at its processing plant outside Boston. PAGE B2
SPORTS
Complaints at Oakmont
Earn Little Sympathy
As one of the most arduous golf
courses in North America, Oakmont, site of the 116th United States
Open, is approached with a mix of
reverence and fright. On Golf.
PAGE B10
A Record, With an Asterisk
The Miami Marlins’ Ichiro Suzuki
collected his 4,256th and 4,257th
hits as a top-level pro baseball
player, moving past Pete Rose,
Major League Baseball’s career hits
leader, who has been dismissive of
the feat. PAGE B11
ARTS
A Confederate Dissident,
In a Film With Footnotes
The forthcoming Matthew McConaughey drama “Free State of
Jones,” set during Reconstruction,
the still controversial post-Civil War
period, might be the first Hollywood
drama to come with online footnotes. PAGE C1
QUOTATION OF THE DAY
‘‘
If my house is going
to catch on fire, I can plan
to have some water on
hand, but there’s only so
much you can do.
’’
ADAM S. POSEN,
president of the Peterson Institute for International Economics in Washington, on the
upheaval possible in financial
markets if Britain elected to
leave the European Union.
[B4]
THURSDAY STYLES
What ‘Brexit’ Could Mean
For the Fashion World
The British fashion industry is
finally speaking out about the
potentially damaging implications,
practical and philosophical, of
exiting the European Union.
Unbuttoned. PAGE D1
Clinton’s Fans Go Public
Now that Hillary Clinton has effectively won the Democratic nomination, many of her supporters feel
they can finally “be public.”
PAGE D2
Top 10 London Moments
London Collections Men, the twiceyearly celebration of men’s wear,
had plenty of memorable moments
during four days of runway shows
and showroom presentations.
PAGE D6
OP-ED
Gail Collins PAGE A23
Crossword C6
Obituaries B9
TV Listings C8
Weather A20
Classified Ads B15
Commercial
Real Estate Marketplace B2
Corrections
NEW YORK
Because of an editing error, an
article on Tuesday about Joseph
Percoco, a former aide to Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo who is under federal investigation, quoted incorrectly from comments by Blair
Horner, the executive director of
the New York Public Interest Research Group. Mr. Horner said
Report an Error:
nytnews@nytimes.com or call
1-844-NYT-NEWS
(1-844-698-6397).
Editorials: letters@nytimes.com
or fax (212) 556-3622.
Public Editor: Readers concerned
that the actions of Mr. Percoco
could cause harm if he was
“gaming the system,” not “manipulating” it.
An article on Saturday about
the increasing presence of birds at
Westchester County Airport, using information from government
officials, misidentified birds that
about issues of journalistic integrity
may reach the public editor at
public@nytimes.com or (212) 5568044.
Newspaper Delivery:
customercare@nytimes.com or call
1-800-NYTIMES (1-800-698-4637).
nest above hangar doors there.
They are cliff swallows, not barn
swallows. The error was repeated
in an accompanying picture caption.
BUSINESS DAY
An article on Wednesday about
Uber’s plans to raise as much as
$2 billion through the use of leveraged securities described a leveraged loan incorrectly. It is issued
by a company with heavy existing
debt, not to that company.
THE ARTS
A dance review on Saturday
about the Pennsylvania Ballet, at
the Merriam Theater in Philadelphia, misidentified the designer of
the lighting of the starlit sky in “o
zlozony / o composite,” one of the
works performed. The designer is
Colman Rupp, the assistant to the
work’s original lighting designer,
Jennifer Tipton — not Ms. Tipton.
Because of an editing error, an
article on Wednesday about “The
Evidence Room,” an exhibition at
the Venice Architecture Biennale
that is a reconstruction of architectural
elements
of
the
Auschwitz death camp, misspelled the given name of a member of the team that worked on the
project. She is Sascha Hastings,
not Sacha.
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At an annual meeting and exhibits show in May for the National Rifle Association
in Louisville, Ky. Mass shootings tend to prompt discussion about gun control.
After Mass Shootings,
It’s Often Easier to Buy a Gun
By NEIL IRWIN
A mass shooting takes place,
followed by emotional vigils, intensive news media coverage and
sorrowful statements by politicians. But what does it actually
mean for laws and policies around
guns?
Lots of gun laws are proposed in
the aftermath of an attack, new research shows. But in terms of
what actually is enacted, the results aren’t what you might expect.
In states where a mass shooting
happened, 15 percent more gunrelated bills were introduced in
state legislatures, three Harvard
Business School professors found
in a working paper published last
month. But in states with legislatures that were led by Democrats
or divided between the parties, a
mass shooting wasn’t followed by
any statistically significant increase in gun laws enacted.
It was different in states with
Republican-controlled
legislatures. After a mass shooting, the
number of laws passed to loosen
gun restrictions rose 75 percent.
In other words, in places where
mass shootings lead to any legislative change at all, it tends to be
in the direction of guns becoming
more easily available, like lowering the minimum age to buy a
handgun to 18 from 21 or eliminating a waiting period for a gun purchase.
The scholars, Michael Luca,
Deepak Malhotra and Christo-
pher Poliquin, examined the aftermath of 167 mass shootings with
1,428 victims (including both
deaths and injuries) in the United
States from 1989 to 2014. They analyzed that data alongside 20,409
gun policy proposals introduced
to state legislatures and 3,199 laws
that were passed.
There’s no doubt that there is a
surge of attention around gun policy when a major shooting takes
place. Polling data from the Pew
Research Center shows sharp, but
temporary, swings in public opinion on gun control after particularly highly publicized, emotionally resonant attacks like the ones
at Columbine High School in 1999
and Sandy Hook Elementary
School in 2012.
The Harvard researchers found
that mass shootings had a vastly
higher impact on state-level lawmaking than other gun deaths; a
death from a mass shooting generated 66 times as much gun-related legislation as a more routine
gun death, as in a robbery or domestic dispute.
Mr. Luca argued that highly
publicized shootings create a “policy window” in which an issue
comes to the forefront for news
media and politicians alike, even if
“mass shooting” doesn’t automatically translate into “more restrictive gun laws.” Mr. Poliquin notes
a
couple
of
recent
counterexamples: Virginia tightened gun laws after the 2007 Virginia Tech shooting, and Connecti-
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cut did the same after Sandy
Hook, but he says they are too
rare to amount to statistically significant evidence of a bigger pattern.
The researchers’ methodology
included shootings in which four
or more people other than the
shooter die in a case neither related to gangs nor other criminal activity, nor to a purely domestic
matter. It is possible that shocking
attacks that cause the most deaths
and receive the most news media
coverage, like the recent one in
Orlando, Fla., create different political dynamics from the smaller
attacks that form the bulk of the
researchers’ sample. But those
are rare enough that they don’t
lend themselves to statistical
analysis.
It is easy to see why laws in Republican-controlled statehouses
enacted after a mass shooting
tended to loosen gun restrictions.
Gun advocates and many conservative politicians have argued
that more widespread availability
of firearms is a key to stopping
mass shootings. Donald Trump,
the presumptive Republican presidential nominee, embraced just
that message after of the Orlando
attack.
Pew’s research shows that the
proportion of self-identified Republicans favoring more gun control has fallen from a recent high
of 55 percent in March of 2000 to
26 percent in July 2015. Among
Democrats, support for gun control has been relatively stable, in
the 65 to 75 percent range, over
that period.
The results that the Harvard researchers found could be less predictive this time. It is too early to
say whether the Orlando shooting
will result in legislation, either in
Florida or nationally. Republicans
control Florida’s Legislature. But
the sheer number of deaths, the
shooter’s terrorist motivations
and the fact that the attack was on
a gay nightclub could make its effects different.
Timing is another factor.
“Many legislatures are not even
in session when shootings happen,” Mr. Poliquin said. “Florida is
currently out of session and won’t
reconvene until March 2017 unless
there is a special session. Will the
people who are angry about easy
access to guns still be angry next
March?”
And given that both houses of
Florida’s Legislature have Republican majorities, any changes
could well cut toward greater access to firearms, if the lessons
from this research do turn out to
apply.
What Are Financial Markets Trying to Tell Us?
By NEIL IRWIN
Britain may vote in a couple of
weeks to drop out of the European
Union, throwing the future of the
world’s largest trading bloc into
doubt.
The United States in November
may elect a president who promises to abandon many norms of
governance and rewrite the nation’s economic and diplomatic relationships with the rest of the
world.
Oh, and last month the United
States experienced its weakest
job growth in six years.
If there was a good time for financial markets to show signs of
jitters, this would seem to be it.
That is not happening. The
American stock market, as
measured by the Standard &
Poor’s 500 index, is up slightly in
2016. Indeed, it is hovering near
record highs. A measure of expected market volatility, the Vix,
is low by historical standards and
far below its level of just a few
months ago. And while the latest
polling on Britain’s possible exit
from the E.U., what everyone is
calling Brexit, has driven some
moderate swings in the value of
the country’s currency, the pound
is still up against the dollar compared with January levels.
In short, these are the financial
market conditions you would expect when everything is basically
going fine — not when there is a
major risk of financial, economic
or geopolitical upheaval.
There are two possibilities of
what is going on. One implies that
the markets are telling us something important that excitable
journalists and pundits aren’t. The
other implies that markets have
deep flaws limiting their ability to
see risks around the corner, particularly when those risks have
both uncertain odds and uncertain results should they materialize.
The “markets are really efficient” story goes like this: Britain,
when all is said and done, will
STAN HONDA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
A sidewalk outside the New York Stock
Exchange in Lower Manhattan.
probably vote to remain part of
Europe. Donald Trump probably
won’t be elected the president.
The American economy will probably keep doing O.K. despite the
weak May jobs numbers.
And even if any of those forecasts turns out to be wrong, the
consequences for the economy
and corporate profits won’t be as
severe as fearful headlines suggest. The British economy will remain basically sound as the nation
renegotiates its trade relationships; Mr. Trump will govern
more like a conventional president than his words now suggest;
and any economic slump in the
United States would be short and
mild.
In this story, stock, bond and
currency traders have the wisdom to look past the noise that the
aforementioned excitable journalists and pundits don’t.
The other argument is scarier.
Markets are really good at incorporating news into asset prices
when it’s clear and straightforward how one should affect the
other. When a company releases
an earnings report, analysts can
quickly figure out what it should
mean for the stock price, and the
stock moves accordingly. When
data comes out that makes a Federal Reserve rate increase 10 percent more likely, it’s fairly
straightforward to translate that
into the proper pricing of Treasury bonds and the dollar. A disruption to an oil pipeline has a relatively clear-cut impact on the
price of crude.
So traders are extraordinarily
efficient at pricing in these pieces
of news that affect asset prices in
predictable ways over the short
and medium term. They’re a lot
worse at predicting which major
threats to the global economy will
spiral out of control and which will
turn out to hardly matter.
Consider two examples from recent years.
In the summer and fall of 2011,
investors were panicked that the
eurozone would unravel because
of the fiscal crisis that started in
Greece. Global stock markets,
commodities and risky forms of
debt plummeted; volatility skyrocketed.
But things turned out to be
more or less fine. More aggressive
action by the European Central
Bank and European political leaders starting late that year helped
calm everyone. And while the European economy is not in great
shape, the Continent experienced
no epic financial crisis. If you had
the nerve to buy eurozone stocks
in September 2011, you have enjoyed a 51 percent return on your
money.
Other times, instead of being
too fearful of cataclysmic events,
financial markets are too complacent. What we now call the global
financial crisis got its start in
mid-2007, as losses on mortgagerelated securities mounted and
global money markets froze up.
But after some initial efforts by
the Federal Reserve and other
government officials to contain
the damage, financial markets rallied 11 percent from mid-August
through mid-October, pushing the
stock market to new highs and
suggesting all was well. Of course,
as it turned out, a severe recession
and catastrophic financial crisis
were just around the corner. People who bought into any risky assets, whether stocks or mortgagebacked securities, at the October
highs lost their shirts.
Some smart people, like
strategists at Goldman Sachs, are
advancing the possibility that
markets could be in a similarly
precarious state right now. It may
even be that the normal mechanisms through which those fears
would translate into lower stock
prices and higher volatility indexes are broken right now; many
“macro” hedge funds that bet on
big seismic changes in the global
economy have been losing money
for the last few years, and some
have closed.
Even if that’s so, the next few
months will be a great test of just
how much markets really know
about the future. And given the
precarious headlines of the last
few months, anyone who wants to
make sure they don’t lose their
shirts again should hope that
they’ve got it right.
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THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
POOL PHOTO BY SIPHIWE SIBEKO
Oscar Pistorius on Wednesday. His lawyers asked him to remove his prosthetic legs during a hearing in Pretoria, South Africa, on his sentence for the 2013 murder of his girlfriend.
Pistorius Removes His Artificial Legs at Sentencing Hearing
By SEWELL CHAN
LONDON — Oscar Pistorius, the
Olympic runner, removed his artificial legs and shuffled his way to the
front of a courtroom in South Africa
on Wednesday, the third day of a
hearing to determine his sentence
for the 2013 murder of his girlfriend.
Trembling and tearful, he rested
his right hand on a desk for support
as his lawyers pleaded with a judge
to sentence him to community service rather than prison.
Dressed in a T-shirt and athletic
shorts, Mr. Pistorius, 29, was under
five feet tall without the J-shaped
carbon-fiber prosthetic legs that
earned him the nickname the Blade
Runner. It was an image far more
humble than that of the world-class
athlete who successfully challenged
able-bodied runners.
Mr. Pistorius’s lawyers had asked
him to take off his prosthetic legs to
highlight the sense of vulnerability
A tactic intended to
highlight vulnerability
at the time of a murder.
they say he felt when, acting out of
fear and confusion, he fatally shot his
girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp, early
on Feb. 14, 2013. But the tactic appeared to also be meant to generate
sympathy from the judge and a
lighter sentence than the 15 years
that Mr. Pistorius faces for murder.
It was the most dramatic moment
of the day in a proceeding that both
the prosecution and the defense have
sought to inject with pathos. A defense psychologist testified on Monday that the athlete was unfit to testify because of a “severe” mental
condition that included symptoms of
post-traumatic stress disorder. On
Tuesday, the victim’s father, Barry
Steenkamp, a diabetic, testified that
his grief was so severe that he
plunged his insulin syringe into his
stomach and arms “to see if I could
feel the same type of pain, but no.”
Mr. Pistorius has long maintained
that he thought an intruder had entered the Pretoria home he shared
with Ms. Steenkamp, and that he had
no intention of killing her when he
fired four shots through a locked
bathroom door after she had taken
cover inside.
It is Mr. Pistorius the double-amputee, and not Mr. Pistorius the
sports star, who should be judged,
said one of his lawyers, Barry Roux.
South African sentencing guidelines call for a minimum term of 15
years in prison for murder, but they
give the judge leeway. Mr. Roux argued that there were “substantial
and compelling circumstances” to
show leniency. The chief prosecutor,
Gerrie Nel, was unmoved. He said
that Mr. Pistorius had not shown remorse and that his decision to give an
interview to a British television network without informing the court
showed “utter disrespect.” Judge
Thokozile Matilda Masipa, who is
presiding over the hearing in the
North Gauteng High Court in Pretoria, said she would issue her ruling
on July 6, according to news reports.
In 2014, after a trial that riveted
South Africa, Judge Masipa found
Mr. Pistorius not guilty of murder but
convicted him of culpable homicide,
the legal equivalent of manslaughter.
She sentenced him to five years in
prison, and he served one year before being released in October to
serve the rest of his sentence under
house arrest.
But prosecutors appealed and the
country’s top appeals court convicted Mr. Pistorius of murder in December, finding that he was guilty be-
cause he knew that firing through the
locked door would kill whoever was
inside — even if he did not believe
that it was Ms. Steenkamp. The court
referred the case back to Judge
Masipa for sentencing.
Marius du Toit, a South African
criminal lawyer and former prosecutor and judge who is not connected
with the case, said in a telephone interview that both sides had made
fairly naked appeals to emotion because the legal issues had already
been resolved.
“We have the rulings from the
courts, and all of the evidence that
has been adduced,” he said. “The
only thing that’s changed is that
we’re dealing now with murder instead of culpable homicide, and on
murder, the court has to impose a
mandatory 15-year sentence unless
the court finds ‘substantial and compelling’ reasons for a different sentence.”
Black Lives Matter Here, Too, Say Canadians Angered by Police Shootings
By DAN LEVIN
TORONTO — Police shootings
and abuses are all-too-familiar
flashpoints in the United States’
tense national conversation
about race, privilege and power,
but
until
recently,
many
Canadians believed that those
problems stopped on the American side of the border.
That belief has been eroded by
a growing protest movement in
Toronto, fueled by several police
shootings of black Canadians.
The protests have laid bare the
frustrations of black residents
who say their complaints about
discrimination and abuse, including being singled out for a police
practice called carding, have
been ignored for too long by the
Canadian establishment.
Amadeus Marquez, 29, who is
black, said that ever since he was
in elementary school, the police
had regularly stopped him to ask
what he was doing. As he grew
older, he said, they also demanded identification. Asking
why, he quickly discovered, was
not an option.
“I’ve had a cop throw me onto
the hood of a car or tell me he’s
going to break my jaw, just to see
my ID,” said Mr. Marquez, a chef
and a dancer who grew up in Toronto, Canada’s most populous
city. Many of his friends have experienced similar treatment from
the police, he said.
The street checks, called carding, were supposed to be colorblind, but Canadian studies have
found that blacks are far more
likely to be carded than whites.
And Mr. Marquez said his mother
had taught him early on that it
could be dangerous to refuse.
“Black parents’ biggest fear is
their kid getting shot by a police
officer,” he said.
Accusations of racism and police brutality have been fanned
by a number of police killings of
IAN WILLMS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Black Lives Matter Toronto activists at a protest in April outside the Indigenous and Northern
Affairs Canada office in Toronto. The group is calling for greater police accountability.
black men in and around Toronto
in recent years, and charges have
generally not been brought
against the officers involved.
Black Lives Matter Toronto,
led by a small group of young
activists, began in 2014 as an expression of solidarity for Michael
Brown, an African-American
teenager who was fatally shot by
a police officer in Ferguson, Mo.
But the movement has grown in
size and anger with the recognition, activists and residents say,
that black people in Toronto and
across Canada face the same
types of prejudices as their
American counterparts, while a
similar pattern of impunity protects the police.
“People in the U.S. might be
surprised, or not, to learn that
racism doesn’t respect the imagined line of the 49th parallel,” said
Sandy Hudson, 30, a graduate
student at the University of Toronto and a founder of the chapter.
On social media and through
street protests, Black Lives Matter activists in Toronto are pushing for changes in how the city
and the province of Ontario treat
black residents. They want greater police accountability and the
abolition of a provincial policy
that permits the government to
keep secret the identities of officers involved in shootings.
Yet some Canadians have criticized the group, saying that racism toward blacks “is an Ameri-
can problem,” Ms. Hudson said.
As in the United States, the Canadian
protest
movement
erupted after police shootings of
black men.
Jermaine Carby, 33, was fatally
shot by the police in September
2014 after he was pulled over in a
city outside Toronto and, the police said, he refused to drop a
knife. Investigators from the provincial Special Investigations
Unit, an independent civilian
agency that examines serious injuries, sexual assaults and deaths
involving the police, did not find a
knife at the scene. A police
sergeant turned one in several
hours later, in what the unit’s director later described as evidence tampering. None of the of-
ficers involved in the episode
were charged, disciplined or even
identified publicly.
Andrew Loku, 45, a mentally ill
black man who had immigrated
from South Sudan, was shot dead
outside his apartment in July after he refused to put down a hammer. A few days after his death,
protesters blocked a local highway and demanded that the officers be identified and charged.
When officials decided in
March not to charge the officers,
activists camped outside Toronto
Police Headquarters for 15 days,
going home only after the provincial premier, Kathleen Wynne,
met with them and agreed to hold
a public consultation, and the
City Council voted unanimously
to have the provincial government review the investigations
unit through an “anti-black racism” lens.
Facing intense pressure, the
coroner announced an inquest
into Mr. Loku’s death, and Mayor
John Tory of Toronto agreed to
meet publicly with activists in
April after months of refusing to
do so.
“There have been a couple of
bumps along the way,” Mr. Tory
said in a telephone interview,
during which he promised to
change policies that marginalized blacks. “Nobody should
feel targeted or left out or unfairly treated.”
Grass-roots organizers say
they have no intention of laying
down their banners until deeper
systemic problems are addressed, including high rates of
poverty and unemployment
among black Canadians; a lack of
educational opportunities; and
police harassment, particularly
against gay or transgender black
people.
“There’s so much more to do,”
said Pascale Diverlus, 21, a journalism student and a founder of
the Black Lives Matter chapter.
“We know we’re in for a long battle to see an end to anti-black racism in this city and country.”
While Canada is often lauded
for its past role as a haven for
black slaves fleeing the United
States, the Canadian government
historically tried to prevent black
immigration, out of fear that it
might prompt a backlash from
whites. An order issued in 1911
barred “any immigrants belonging to the Negro race, which is
deemed unsuitable to the climate
and requirements of Canada,” according to an archived government document.
“From a Canadian standpoint,
race is an American phenomenon,” said Grace-Edward Galabuzi, a political science professor at Ryerson University in Toronto who studies race and poverty. As for the activists’
accusations of racism, he said,
“We’re supposed to be a colorblind society, so when a small minority of the population makes
this claim, they’re met with denial.”
Government statistics illustrate the challenges black
Canadians face. They make up
less than 3 percent of the national
population but 10 percent of the
inmates in federal prisons, and
represent the fastest-growing
group in such prisons. Just 8 percent of Toronto’s youth population is black, but 41 percent of the
children who are removed from
their families and placed in the
care of the Children’s Aid Society
of Toronto are black.
The issues raised by Black
Lives Matter Toronto are not
new. Nor is black activism.
A wave of police shootings of
black men more than 15 years ago
prompted residents to form the
Black Action Defense Committee, and the government to form
the Special Investigations Unit to
N
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THE NEW YORK TIMES INTERNATIONAL THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
Employee of the Panama Papers Law Firm Is Arrested in Switzerland
By NICK CUMMING-BRUCE
and ERIC LIPTON
GENEVA — An employee of the
law firm at the center of the leaks
of the Panama Papers, which have
revealed offshore wealth held in
secretive accounts worldwide,
has been arrested here on charges
of data theft, one of the employee’s
lawyers, Romain Jordan, said on
Wednesday.
It was not immediately clear
what connection, if any, the person
might have had with the Panama
Papers, a trove of 11.5 million documents from a Panama-based law
firm, Mossack Fonseca. A consortium of news organizations began
publishing findings from the documents — some dating to the 1970s
Nick Cumming-Bruce reported
from Geneva, and Eric Lipton from
Washington.
— in April, and the disclosures
have prompted investigations of
politicians and other prominent
figures around the world.
On Wednesday, the Swiss newspaper Le Temps reported that an
information technology employee
in the Geneva office of Mossack
Fonseca had been arrested on
suspicion of stealing confidential
information. Computer equipment was seized as part of the inquiry, Le Temps reported.
Asked about the report, a
spokesman for Claudio Mascotto,
the chief prosecutor in Geneva,
declined to comment. The spokesman said only that the office had
opened a criminal investigation
based on a complaint filed by Mossack Fonseca. The employee’s
name was not made public, and
the lawyer did not give his client’s
name or provide any detail about
him.
Le Temps quoted a lawyer for
Mossack Fonseca, Thierry Ulmann, as saying: “What we know
is that the data were removed
from his computer in Geneva and
that this I.T. worker had full access privileges.”
The law firm filed a complaint
against the worker for illegal removal of data and for violating the
confidentiality of the law firm, Mr.
Ulmann told Le Temps.
Mr. Ulmann could not be
reached for comment on Wednesday evening.
Mr. Jordan, reached by phone,
confirmed that his client had been
charged with data theft but said
only, “I can confirm that my client
is denying all the charges made
against him.”
The Panama Papers leaks
originated with an anonymous
source who approached the German newspaper Süddeutsche
Computer equipment
is said to be seized in
an inquiry.
Zeitung. Daunted by the volume
of data involved, the newspaper
turned for help to the International Consortium of Investigative
Journalists, a nonprofit group in
Washington that has coordinated
several global projects on financial data leaks.
The New York Times, which
was not initially part of the consortium but now has access to the
documents, reported this month
that Mossack Fonseca had at least
2,400 clients over the past decade
who were based in the United
States, and that it had set up at
least 2,800 companies on their behalf in the British Virgin Islands,
Panama, the Seychelles and other
jurisdictions that help individuals
or corporations to hide wealth.
In a statement last month, under the pseudonym John Doe, the
source offered to come forward if
offered immunity from prosecution.
Bastian Obermayer, an investigative reporter at Süddeutsche
Zeitung who received the original
leak on the Panama Papers, said
on Wednesday that the man arrested in Geneva was not his
source who leaked the documents,
but left open the possibility that
there might be more than one person behind the leaks.
In a phone interview, Mr. Obermayer said of the man arrested in
Geneva, “We can say that it is not
the person that we have been in
contact with,” a statement he also
made on Twitter.
It remains possible, Mr. Obermayer said, that the arrested man
might have been involved in
procuring the information — and
that several people might have
been involved in securing the information that was ultimately released.
But Mr. Obermayer emphasized that this was speculation. He
said that he only had contact with
a single source and that he was
confident that that source had not
been arrested.
“There is still a theoretical possibility that John Doe is many persons, and one of them might be
this person,” Mr. Obermayer said.
Marina Walker Guevara, the
deputy director of the International Consortium of Investigative
Journalists, said on Wednesday
that she could not comment on the
arrest in Geneva.
Searchers Report Finding
Wreckage of Egyptian Jet
By NICOLA CLARK
and RICK GLADSTONE
TOMASZ WASZCUK/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
A base in Stare Kiejkuty, Poland, where the C.I.A. detained Abu Zubaydah and Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri in 2002 and 2003.
In Declassified Transcripts, Details of C.I.A. Torture
By CHARLIE SAVAGE
WASHINGTON — After the
Central Intelligence Agency
transferred Abu Zubaydah to the
American military prison at
Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, and he
was brought before a panel of officers for a hearing in March 2007,
he described in broken English
how he had been tortured in the
agency’s black-site prisons.
He said his body had shaken
when he stood for hours, naked
and shackled in a cold room and
unable to shift his weight to an injured leg. He spoke of his humiliation at having to relieve himself in
a bucket in front of other people,
“like an animal.” And he described
being waterboarded until he
stopped breathing and required
resuscitation.
“They shackle me completely,
even my head; I can’t do anything,” Mr. Zubaydah said. “Like
this, and they put one cloth in my
mouth and they put water, water,
water.” At the “last point before I
die,” he said, interrogators stood
the board back up and “make like
this” — he made breathing noises
— “again and again they make it
with me, and I tell him, ‘If you
want to kill me, kill me.’ ”
Mr. Zubaydah’s testimony was
contained in newly declassified
transcripts of military hearings
for the C.I.A.’s former prisoners.
From left, Mr. Nashiri, Khalid Shaikh Mohammed and Mr.
Zubaydah described being tortured, by waterboarding and
other means, in the C.I.A.’s black-site prisons overseas before
the government transferred them to Guantánamo Bay, Cuba.
The government disclosed the accounts this week in response to a
Freedom of Information Act lawsuit brought by the American Civil
Liberties Union, which provided
the documents to The New York
Times.
Many details about the C.I.A.’s
torture program, including the
treatment of Mr. Zubaydah, had
already been made public, including in the Senate Intelligence
Committee’s 500-page report released in December 2014. But
those details were largely based
on government memos. The
newly available transcripts add
first-person testimony to the
growing historical record.
“At a time when some poli-
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ticians are proposing that the torture program be resurrected, it’s
crucial that the American public
have access to these firsthand
statements, and not only to the
self-serving accounts offered by
those who authorized the torture,”
said Dror Ladin, an A.C.L.U. staff
attorney.
Defenders of the C.I.A.’s “enhanced interrogation” program
say it produced information that
saved lives. The Senate report,
however, concluded that the program’s defenders had exaggerated the value of the information
gleaned from it and understated
its brutality. The presumptive Republican presidential nominee,
Donald J. Trump, has proposed reviving and expanding such techniques.
The C.I.A. started its black-site
rendition, detention and interrogation program with the 2002 capture of Mr. Zubaydah, whom it
mistakenly thought was a top
leader in Al Qaeda. It started to
shut down the program in 2006, after the Supreme Court issued a
ruling about the Geneva Conventions that put agency interrogators in jeopardy of being
prosecuted for war crimes.
That September, the Bush administration
transferred
detainees from prisons run by the
C.I.A. to Guantánamo Bay. After
several months, each man received a hearing before a so-called
combatant status review tribunal
to establish whether they had
been properly classified as “enemy combatants” subject to indefinite wartime detention.
The government released versions of some of the transcripts in
2009, but redacted the detainees’
descriptions of their treatment by
the C.I.A.
In a previously censored passage, Mr. Zubaydah, who described making up fake terrorist
plots to stop the abuse, claimed
that an agency interrogator had
apologized to him after the government realized it had misunderstood his role.
“After that, all they said to me
was, ‘Sorry, we made a big mistake,’” he said.
On Wednesday, the C.I.A. also
posted dozens of documents that
were subject to separate, overlapping Freedom of Information Act
lawsuits by the A.C.L.U. and Vice
News for memos listed in the footnotes of the Senate report. Most of
the documents were heavily redacted beyond the portions
quoted in the report, but there
were a few new details.
For example, an unredacted
passage in a memo from the
C.I.A.’s chief medical official included a line quoted in the Senate
report, which said that Mr. Zubaydah had already started cooperating before being waterboarded
and that the technique had
produced no “time-perishable information which otherwise would
have been unavailable.” But it also
contained a sentence before that
line that the Senate report had not
quoted: “A psychologist/interrogator later said that waterboard
use had established that AZ had
no further information on imminent threats — a creative but circular justification,” the official
wrote, using initials for Abu
Zubaydah.
Several of the transcripts provided to The Times were from the
hearings of detainees who are
now facing war-crimes trials before a military commission at
Guantánamo. In those cases, defense lawyers’ strategy has been
to argue that their clients should
not face the death penalty as mitigation for the fact that the government tortured them, so the transcripts may offer a preview of
their eventual testimony.
One of those detainees is Abd alRahim al-Nashiri, who is accused
of helping to plot the 2000 bombing of the Cole, an American destroyer, which killed 17 sailors. Mr.
Nashiri was subjected to some of
the most extreme abuse, according to the C.I.A.’s inspector general, including waterboarding and
having a gun racked and a power
drill revved next to his head.
Asked at his hearing to describe
the methods used on him, Mr.
Nashiri listed many: being hung
upside down for almost a month,
nearly drowned, hit into a wall and
forced to stand in a small box for a
week so that his feet swelled. He
repeatedly asked himself, “What
else did they did?”
There is also a transcript of a
statement by Khalid Shaikh Mohammed, the accused architect of
the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks. In the
midst of a lengthy discourse on
the victims of war and the rule of
law, which was previously disclosed, the transcript includes the
following, previously censored
passage.
“This is, you see, I have been
tortured by C.I.A.,” Mr. Mohammed said, holding out his wrists.
“Nobody will believe me.”
PARIS — Searchers in the Mediterranean have found the first
sunken wreckage of the EgyptAir
flight that mysteriously veered off
course and plunged from 37,000
feet last month, the Egyptian government reported Wednesday.
All 66 people aboard the jetliner,
EgyptAir Flight 804 bound for
Cairo from Paris, were killed in the
still-unexplained crash on May 19,
as the plane was on the final leg of
its trip in Egyptian airspace.
News of the discovered wreckage was reported in a statement
from the Egyptian Aircraft Accident Investigation Committee, established by the government to
find out what happened to the
plane, an Airbus A320.
The statement said a search
vessel, the John Lethbridge, had
found and “identified several
main locations of the wreckage”
and that investigators had been
provided with photographic images taken from the seabed,
roughly 10,000 feet below the surface.
There was no immediate word
on the precise location of the
wreckage or whether it included
the data recorders that are essential for helping determine why the
plane crashed.
The discovery was the first significant breakthrough in the
search for the plane since investigators said they had detected signals from one of its two flight recorder beacons, or “pingers,”
nearly two weeks ago.
With the battery life of those
beacons expiring by next week,
investigators are hoping to retrieve the recorders — which contain cockpit conversations and
data from the plane’s onboard
computers — before they fall silent.
Investigators and search teams
will begin mapping the debris
field on the ocean floor, the Egyptian committee said. Even in the
absence of the data from the flight
recorders, air accident experts
have said that the distribution of
the wreckage would yield significant clues. If the debris contains
large pieces of the plane that are
Nicola Clark reported from Paris,
and Rick Gladstone from New
York. Nour Youssef contributed reporting from Cairo.
concentrated in a relatively small
area, that would suggest that the
plane hit the water largely intact.
Smaller debris scattered across a
wide area would suggest that it
broke up in midair — possibly the
result of an explosion.
Remi Jouty, the director of
France’s air accidents bureau,
which is advising Egypt in the investigation, said last week that investigators were still “very far”
from understanding what may
have caused the crash. Earlier
this week, the Egyptian authorities appeared to back away from
suggestions that Flight 804 had
disappeared abruptly from radar
screens — a scenario that had
fanned theories that the plane
might have been brought down by
a terrorist bomb or other deliberate act, rather than a mechanical
or other failure.
In a statement published Monday, the Egyptian investigation
committee said it had validated
radar data provided by the Greek
authorities in the days after the
crash that indicated that the plane
had swerved abruptly off course,
first making a sharp left turn before veering to the right and spiraling down into the sea.
With the wreckage found, the
French Navy said it had recalled
its survey ship, the Laplace, from
the search zone. Investigators
aboard the John Lethbridge will
now deploy an underwater robot
and sonar equipment to locate the
flight recorders and bring them to
the surface.
The Egyptian authorities this
week invited experts from the
United States National Transportation Safety Board to join the
EgyptAir crash investigation
team, as well as engineers from
Honeywell, the manufacturer of
the flight recorders.
Besides the radar tracks now
confirmed by both the Greek and
Egyptian authorities, the only
confirmed data received from the
plane were a series of seven automated messages sent to an
EgyptAir maintenance base.
Those messages included two
smoke alerts — one in a bathroom,
and another in an electronics bay
near the cockpit and close to many
of the plane’s computerized control systems. But while the alerts
indicate that there was an emergency on board, experts have said
they are not sufficient to explain
the disaster.
Anger in Canada, Too,
Over Police Shootings
From Page A4
look into the shootings. But according to reports from the Ontario Ombudsman, the unit’s work
has been hampered, first by propolice bias, and then by interference from the provincial Ministry
of the Attorney General when the
unit has tried to introduce
changes.
High on the list of grievances
among black Toronto residents is
carding, which police officers
have used to collect personal information for a vast secret database. The Toronto Police Service
says it does not compile or release
race-based data on carding stops.
The practice was suspended by
the Toronto police last year, and
the provincial government issued
regulations meant to end arbitrary police stops, particularly
those based on race. But black
residents say the police in Toronto
and elsewhere continue to question them arbitrarily or claim they
“fit the description” of a suspect.
“I feel that I’m obliged to do
what the police want,” said Michael Upfold, 21, who is studying
for a real estate brokerage license.
“If you don’t, something could
happen. They’re holding their
guns.”
The stops are not unique to Toronto. Mr. Upfold said that in Quebec, where he lived until recently,
the police would stop him every
other day and ask for identification.
Meaghan Gray, a spokeswoman
for the Toronto Police Service,
wrote in an email that carding was
initially intended to help solve
crimes, but the agency recognized
that it had “evolved into a random
collection of information,” which
has strained relations between
the police and black residents.
Ms. Gray said the police had
met with black residents and with
the provincial human rights commission to develop procedures
that addressed police discrimination. She said the police force
urged officers to explain to the
people they stopped why they had
done so, and to tell them the reason for collecting any personal information. “A mutually respectful
engagement between the public
and the police officer is always the
goal,” she said.
Still, many black Toronto
residents say that more needs to
be done.
Shirley Bowens, a black real estate agent who lives next to the
apartment building where Mr.
Loku was fatally shot last year,
said she was appalled that officers
had not tried to talk him into dropping the hammer, or failing that, to
use a Taser rather than lethal
force.
“They just love the gun,” Ms.
Bowens said.
N
A7
AMMAN JOURNAL
Finding Refuge in Jordan, and Adding to Its Cultural Mix
By SOMINI SENGUPTA
and RANA F. SWEIS
TARA TODRAS-WHITEHILL FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Omar Awad, a marble artist from Damascus, Syria, decamped to Amman, Jordan, four years ago to escape the civil war at home.
Me
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ean
Sea
AMMAN, Jordan — Jordan’s
national census takers made
something of a stark discovery
earlier this year when they found
that nearly a third of the country’s 9.5 million residents are not,
technically speaking, Jordanians.
For decades, the country has
absorbed successive waves of
people fleeing war and chaos.
Lately it has been the Syrians,
but before them came Iraqis,
Sudanese and Palestinians, not
to mention those from Egypt,
and as far away as Pakistan and
the Philippines, who have come
to Amman to work.
They have made the once
sleepy Jordanian capital an
unlikely, unsung city of refuge for
people ejected from their homes.
It has not always been
smooth: Hundreds of thousands
of Palestinians who came after
the Arab-Israeli wars of 1948 and
1967 are now Jordanian citizens,
but some of the more recent
arrivals are not.
Some Jordanians blame the
newly arrived Syrians for driving
down wages. Others say the
newcomers have made Amman a
better city to live in.
“Where in the Arab world do
you have this kind of mixture?”
said Annemarie Jacir, a Palestinian filmmaker who moved to
Amman six years ago after stints
in Riyadh, Ramallah and Jerusalem. “That’s what makes Amman
special.”
The debate echoes the tense
conversations in capitals all over
the world on whether and how to
integrate migrants.
On a recent visit, we met some
of the people who are changing
the cultural fabric of Amman.
In the window of the Abou
Arabi Haider Damascene
Gourmet Sweets shop sat an
intricately terraced mountain of
baklava, glistening in syrupy
sweat. It had a caramel-colored
layer, then another layer bulging
with pistachios, and on the base,
a handful of bright, raw cashews.
It is the handiwork of Omar
Awad, a marble artist from Damascus who decamped to Amman four years ago to escape the
civil war in Syria. Instead of
designing accents for mansions
back home, he now arranges
sweets in the shop window.
“Wherever you put us as
Syrians, we will learn and we will
do,” Mr. Awad said bullishly.
LEBANON
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Amman
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25 MILES
THE NEW YORK TIMES
Syrian sweets are among the
new luxuries in the capital, and
the lines at Abou Arabi Haider
shop stretch out the door on
Fridays. Jordanians make the
same sweets, filled with the
same pistachios and almonds,
but even the most xenophobic
Jordanian would admit that
Syrians have a special touch.
Mr. Awad, 27, said he could not
imagine leaving Amman anytime
soon. He helped establish the
sweet shop, and a cafe next door.
On the wall hung a photograph of
the original shop in Damascus.
“It took a lot of effort to open
and run this branch of Abou
Arabi in Jordan and we will not
abandon it,” Mr. Awad said. “No
matter what happens in Syria in
the future.”
On a shaded garden patio, in
an upscale neighborhood of
Amman, Munira Ghanem, of
Sudan, took out her henna cone
and began to paint the slender,
bare forearm of a loyal customer.
She drew a vine curling upward,
then decorative leaves, topped
by a flower.
The Sudanese introduced
henna painting to Amman’s
ladies of fashion, and Ms.
Ghanem is among the most
coveted artists.
She came to Amman 20 years
ago with her husband. She began
to work in the city’s beauty salons, threading, waxing, and
eventually, painting henna.
Sometimes she paints an arm,
other times a shoulder, occasionally the small of a woman’s back.
Even after her husband returned home, Ms. Ghanem
stayed, raising their four children
on her own. Many more Sudanese arrived from Darfur, then
from the Nuba Mountains, as the
conflicts there intensified.
We asked her where she felt
most at home. “Wherever I can
find work I feel it’s home,” she
replied. “Where I can improve
my life and my children can get
an education — that’s what’s
important.”
A crow cawed from the top of a
date palm. A breeze broke the
heat of midday. One of her fellow
beauticians brought her newborn
daughter to the salon. Other
beauticians emerged from the
salon rooms to coo at the baby:
an Ethiopian, a Filipina, a second
Sudanese woman from the Nuba
Mountains.
Only one thing, Ms. Ghanem
confessed, made her feel adrift —
living as a tenant under someone
else’s roof. “Here we don’t own a
house. In Sudan we don’t own a
house,” she said. “It’s like you’re
living in the air.”
Shahad Dawood, 27, is trying
to get a toehold in Amman’s art
scene, much of it built from
scratch by Iraqi exiles like her
who transplanted the high culture for which Baghdad was once
widely known.
Ms. Dawood was barely 2
years old when her family fled
the Iraqi capital on the eve of the
first gulf war in 1991. They returned briefly in 2003, just before
the city was plunged into chaos
by the American-led invasion.
Her family’s business, a cosmetics factory, expanded to
Jordan. And like many of their
compatriots, they brought their
fortunes to Amman and built
homes in one of the city’s most
affluent enclaves, with streets
named Basra and Baghdad.
Returning is not an option. “I
would never go back to Iraq,”
Ms. Dawood said. “Even if things
ever get better. I don’t know it.”
She knows even less about her
family’s ancestral home, in Mosul, which remains a stronghold
of the Islamic State.
Ms. Dawood considers Amman
home. She speaks with a Jordanian accent. She delights in the fact
that she can pass for a local.
“Jordan gave me many things,”
she said. “I am safe here.”
Alaa Abu Quta, 36, crawled out
from under a Toyota S.U.V. at the
garage where he and his brothers work, bared his greasestained palms and flashed a
broad smile.
“I like to figure out what’s
wrong with cars, to find what
their faults are, and figure out
how to fix them,” he said.
Mr. Abu Quta and his Palestinian compatriots are known for
keeping Amman’s cars driving
smoothly. There were about a
dozen Palestinian car repair
shops on just one street in the
northern outpost of Amman.
When we visited his shop on a
recent Thursday evening, it was
filled with the chatter and smell
of working men.
Mr. Abu Quta’s brothers have
joined him in the family’s business: Imad, 34, after a brief time
fixing computers, and Ali, 30,
who earned a diploma in automotive repair. Their father, Mohammad, was a child when he arrived in Amman in 1967. His sons
were born in Jordan and are
Jordanian citizens.
We asked if they see themselves as Jordanians or
Palestinians.
Alaa put his sooty palm on his
chest and smiled. “Jordan is in
my heart,” he said. “Palestine is
in my heart. Don’t ask us to
choose.”
Imad said Palestinians were
not like Syrians in Jordan. The
Syrians miss their country; he
said he has no country to miss.
He also blamed Syrian
refugees for driving up unemployment in Jordan. Still, he
admitted to having a weakness
for Syrian sweets. Three times a
week, he goes to his favorite
Syrian sweet shop.
Alaa laughed. He said he goes
every day.
A8
N
Tokyo Governor Resigns Over Spending Scandal Chemical Castration
Debated in Indonesia
By JONATHAN SOBLE
TOKYO — The governor of Tokyo resigned on Wednesday, after
he admitted using funds intended
for political campaigns to pay for
personal travel and entertainment, setting off a public furor.
The governor, Yoichi Masuzoe,
is the second leader of the Japanese capital’s metropolitan government to leave office over a financial scandal in two and a half
years, an especially embarrassing
development because the city will
host the Summer Olympic Games
in 2020 and counts on the governor to act as an organizer and
global ambassador.
Anger at Mr. Masuzoe’s spending had been building for months,
but the governor told the Tokyo
Metropolitan Assembly that he
had hoped to stay on long enough
to attend this year’s Games in Rio
de Janeiro, where Tokyo will receive a measure of attention as the
event’s next host.
“I thought it would be disruptive to have an election with the
Rio Olympics right around the
corner,” he said in the assembly after submitting his resignation.
“My main concern was for the
Games.”
Plummeting approval ratings
and defections by political allies
ultimately persuaded him, however.
The amounts that Mr. Masuzoe
has been accused of spending improperly on himself and his family
are hardly vast by the standards
of modern politics-and-money
scandals. There are reimbursements of a few hundred dollars
here for restaurant meals, and a
few thousand dollars there for hotel stays.
In a report issued this month,
lawyers hired by the governor to
review his spending found 4.4 million yen, or about $41,000, in expenses over several years that
they called “inappropriate, but
not illegal.” Mr. Masuzoe apologized and said that there had been
“some mixing of public and personal” in his spending, but that he
had not knowingly broken any
rules. He has not been charged
with wrongdoing.
Still, the relatively minor scale
of his reported excesses did not
help him.
If anything, the public’s antagonism appears to have deepened.
The word that has perhaps been
most frequently used to describe
the episode is sekoi, meaning
cheap or petty. That Mr. Masuzoe
might nickel-and-dime taxpayers
and contributors for spa trips
seems to have struck a rawer
By JOE COCHRANE
SHIZUO KAMBAYASHI/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Yoichi Masuzoe, the governor of Tokyo. Anger at his spending had been building for months.
nerve than if he had engaged in
wholesale theft.
“I’m angry. This is sekoi — too
sekoi,” Shigeru Kamibayashi, a
member of the assembly from the
right-leaning Liberal Democratic
Party, where Mr. Masuzoe has
spent most of his political career
and which supported his bid for
governor, said after the lawyers is-
Expenses viewed as
‘inappropriate, but
not illegal.’
sued their report. The word has
been ubiquitous in newspaper and
social media references to the
scandal.
Among the spending that the
lawyers labeled inappropriate
were purchases of manga comic
books, some worth just a few dollars, and a silk calligrapher’s robe
from a Shanghai tourist gift shop.
Mr. Masuzoe charged them to his
campaign organization, which by
law is supposed to finance only political activities, though experts
say the definition is vague enough
that politicians routinely stretch it
to cover private expenses.
Mr. Masuzoe’s travel costs in office have also come under criticism. He has taken large groups of
aides on trips to London, New
York and Paris, flying first class
and staying in upscale hotels. Japanese news outlets have reported
that he has used government limousines to travel back and forth
to a home he owns in a spa town
southwest of Tokyo 48 times since
April last year.
“Is the leader of a major global
city supposed to stay in a secondrate business hotel?” he said on
one occasion, defending his global
travels as necessary to burnish
Tokyo’s brand ahead of the
Olympics. Later, after an outpouring of complaints, he began expressing more contrition, but the
damage had already been done.
Mr. Masuzoe, 67, entered politics after a career as a political scientist and television commentator and served as health minister
in the mid-2000s. He won the governorship in 2014 after his predecessor, Naoki Inose, resigned over
a campaign-funding scandal.
Mr. Inose quit in December 2013
after he acknowledged receiving a
loan of more than half a million
dollars from a hospital operator
during an election. He denied that
the money was for political purposes, but critics called it an undisclosed campaign contribution.
Liberal Democratic members of
the Tokyo assembly were among
lawmakers from seven parties
who were preparing to pass a noconfidence motion against Mr.
Masuzoe on Wednesday, a threat
that appears to have cemented his
decision to resign. A series of recent newspaper opinion polls
showed that three out of four
voters wanted him to quit.
His last day in office will be
Tuesday, and an election to replace him is expected to take place
on July 31 or Aug. 7. It will add to a
busy political calendar in Japan,
with elections for the upper house
of the national Parliament set for
July 10.
Like Mr. Inose, Mr. Masuzoe is a
supporter of the Olympics, but he
made reining in its growing cost a
signature issue. His refusal to
shoulder the expense of a main
stadium that was increasingly
over budget was a major reason
that its design, by the Iraqi-British
architect Zaha Hadid, who died in
March, was scrapped in favor of a
cheaper plan last year.
His repeated promises not to
waste taxpayer money ultimately
bounced back at him.
“I’ve eliminated waste,” he said
in response to initial criticism of
his travel spending in March. “But
when you have to spend, you have
to spend.”
India Sentences Man-Eating Lion to Life — in the Zoo
By HARI KUMAR
NEW DELHI — While investigating a rare cluster of deadly lion
attacks, the authorities in an area
of forested hills in the western Indian state of Gujarat took the unusual step of capturing and caging
an entire pride of 17 lions, sending
their dung to a forensic laboratory
to be tested for traces of human remains.
When they came in, the results,
mainly in the form of strands of
human hair, pointed directly to
one adult male, who was immediately handed a life sentence — in
the zoo.
The evidence was not nearly so
clear-cut in the case of two subordinate lions, who will be “given a
fair trial and remain under close
observation for some time,” said
Anirudh Pratap Singh, chief conservator of forests in the Junagadh Wildlife Circle, near the area
where the killings occurred.
The rest of the pride, presumed
innocent, will be released to the
forest.
It is rare for lions to attack humans, but in the first six months of
2016 there have already been six
killings in the area around the Gir
Forest, which is home to India’s
only population of wild lions.
In three cases, the lion ate only
part of the person, which is even
more unusual, said Uday Vora, the
state’s forest conservator.
Wildlife officials say the lion
population is 523, nearly double
the park’s capacity of 300, pushing
hungry prides into adjacent villages and into range of unsuspecting laborers. In April 2013, the India Supreme Court ordered a
number of lions to be transferred
to another wildlife sanctuary in a
neighboring state, but none have
yet been removed.
Mr. Vora said the attacks on humans this year were “puzzling.”
Among the theories: Because of
a heat wave, laborers have been
more likely to sleep in the open air,
under blankets, and the lions may
have mistaken them for buffalo
calves. Another possible explanation is that when wildlife officials
captured the adult male that
eventually proved to be the killer,
the “group dynamics” in the remainder of the pride were disturbed, leading the subordinate lions to attack humans, Mr. Singh
said.
“We are closely observing,” he
said. “There is no shortage of prey
in the forest. Why they became
man-eaters is a concern for us as
well.”
Among the victims was
Valaiben Lakhnotra, who was
pulling weeds near a sugar cane
field on an evening in late May.
Her son, Pithabhai Lakhnotra, 41,
said he called out to her that
evening but received no response.
When he ventured into the field,
he said, he found her slippers and
a blood-soaked head scarf. A few
steps away, he saw a lion crouched
over his mother’s body, with her
back “totally ripped apart.”
Babubhai Gaadhe, the chief of
Vadnagar village, said that lion
sightings were common in the
area, as are the killings of cows,
but that Ms. Lakhnotra’s death
marked the first time a lion has
killed a human. That same morning, he said, the lion had been surprised by villagers while trying to
eat a cow, and as a result it may
have still been hungry.
JAKARTA,
Indonesia
—
Indonesia’s national medical association has told its members not to
cooperate with a presidential decree authorizing the country’s
courts to punish convicted child
molesters with chemical castration, escalating a nationwide debate over the legality, medical
ethics and efficacy of the procedure after a series of recent
rapes and murders.
In chemical castration, drugs
are used to reduce a man’s sex
drive. Despite widespread skepticism about its effectiveness, a
number of countries have employed it as a punishment for convicted sex offenders and pedophiles, in many cases in exchange for more lenient prison
sentences. They include Australia, Russia, South Korea and the
United States.
But the Indonesian Doctors Association, in a statement late last
week, rejected the procedure as
superfluous.
“Based on science and scientific
proof, chemical castration doesn’t
guarantee the loss or reduction of
desire and potential sexually violent behavior,” the organization
said.
Dr. Prijo Sidipratomo, the organization’s ethics council chairman, said on Wednesday that the
appropriate punishment should
be longer prison sentences.
“That is our message” to the
Indonesian government, he said,
referring to the organization’s rejection of the decree by President
Joko Widodo.
“If you do chemical castration,
for how long?” Dr. Prijo said. “If
you do it for a long time, it causes
health complications, such as
weakening muscles. It causes osteoporosis. Slowly, the person will
die.”
“Based on the oath of medical
doctors, we cannot do that — it’s
against our oath. Secondly, it’s
against our ethical principles, and
this is not just in Indonesia but
universally.”
With its defiance, the organization has created an unlikely alliance against Mr. Joko made up of
medical professionals, women’s
and human rights groups, and legal experts.
On May 25, the president
abruptly announced that he had
signed the decree authorizing
chemical castration as well as
doubling sentences and even permitting the death penalty for sexual assaults on children, amid
public uproar over the brutal gang
rape and murder in April of a 14year-old schoolgirl on the island of
Sumatra.
Seven teenage boys were each
sentenced to 10 years in prison for
the crime, which revived calls for
chemical castration as an appropriate punishment in such cases.
Mr. Joko’s decree amended a
2002 law on child protection to enable judges to hand down the punishment at their discretion.
But the decree itself prompted
an outcry.
“The chemical castration penalty, in our view, will not reduce
sexual violence against women,
since violence against women is
born from the viewpoint of demeaning women, placing women
as sexual objects,” said Azriana
Rambe,
chairwoman
of
Indonesia’s National Commission
on Violence Against Women.
“Sexual violence against women is not always the case because
of the encouragement of sexual
desires, but also because of the desire to subjugate, humiliate or
even for revenge against women,”
she said.
This is not the first foray into legal controversy by Mr. Joko, who
took office on October 2014 on a
wave of a populist rebellion
against the country’s political
elite.
Last year, Indonesia executed
13 convicted drug traffickers by
firing squad, including 12 foreigners, saying it was facing a “drugs
crisis,” despite widespread condemnation abroad that the trials
did not meet international
standards. The government has
announced plans to execute more
people convicted of drug offenses
after the end of the Islamic holy
month of Ramadan in early July.
This time, Mr. Joko said sexual
assaults, in particular those
against children, would be handled “in an extraordinary way,” although he did not offer any data
that such crimes had increased
significantly.
Critics have the new policy as
nothing more than a stunt to mollify and distract an anxious public.
“Women’s rights organizations
are in line with the views of human
rights organizations in terms of
punishment,” said Devi Asmarani,
chief editor of Magdalene.co, an
online publication based in Jakarta, the capital, that focuses on
women’s issues.
“It’s a knee-jerk reaction of the
government with what happens in
the moment,” she said. “There
was no thought put into it.”
Indonesia’s minister of health,
Nila F. Moeloek, declined to comment on Wednesday on the medical association’s declaration, saying instead that she would hold
private talks with its leaders to resolve the issue, according to one of
her senior aides.
Kartono Mohamad, a former
chairman of the association who
remains an adviser to it, said
judges in Indonesia’s legal system, which analysts have long accused of being corrupt and incompetent, should not have un-
A doctors’ group
rejects a presidential
decree.
checked power to unilaterally
hand down chemical castration
penalties.
“If it’s just a punishment without any medical investigation and
does
not
follow
medical
procedures, it’s not ethical,” he
said. “The court must give the
doctor the sole authority to determine whether medically it’s correct.”
Indonesia’s Institute for Criminal Justice Reform lauded the association for refusing to carry out
chemical castrations without further research.
Human Rights Watch released
a statement on Wednesday in
which it denounced “castration,
chemical or otherwise, as a cruel
and degrading form of corporal
punishment.”
“Both the Convention Against
Torture and the International Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights,” the statement went on,
“both ratified by Indonesia, prohibit cruel, inhuman or degrading
treatment or punishment.”
Refly Harun, a constitutional
law expert at Gadjah Mada University in the Indonesian city of
Yogyakarta, in Central Java, asserted that the country’s constitution forbids “cruel punishments”
for lawbreakers.
“The problem is that sometimes
lawmakers don’t realize the constitutional provisions when they
draft laws on certain issues,” he
said.
“Sometimes we have irrational
thinking in Indonesia, like a quick
response to a sudden phenomenon,” Mr. Refly said, referring to
the gang rape and murder of the
schoolgirl in Sumatra and the similar rape and murder of an 18-yearold factory worker in Tangerang,
just outside Jakarta, in May.
“The public mood right now is a
little bit in favor of this law,” he
said.
Iran Accuses British Charity Aide of Sedition
By THOMAS ERDBRINK
TEHRAN — A British-Iranian
employee of the Thomson Reuters
Foundation, arrested in Iran more
than two months ago for unexplained reasons, has been accused
of plotting to overthrow the government, Iranian news media reported Wednesday.
The detainee, Nazanin ZaghariRatcliffe, 37, is a program coordinator for the foundation, the independent charitable arm of the
Thomson Reuters news agency.
Both the foundation and Ms. Zaghari-Ratcliffe’s British husband,
Richard Ratcliffe, denied the accusations.
Ms. Zaghari-Ratcliffe was arrested on April 3 in Tehran and
taken to the provincial city of Kerman in southern Iran, according
to a statement by the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps provided to the official Islamic Republic News Agency.
Her 2-year-old daughter, Gabriella, who had accompanied her
to Iran for a visit with family, is
currently staying with maternal
grandparents. The child’s passport was confiscated by the Irani-
an authorities, severely complicating any possibility of reuniting
her with Mr. Ratcliffe.
“The British national, Nazanin
Zaghari, who was arrested by the
intelligence department of the
Sarallah Corps of Kerman, has
participated in coup plots,” the
Revolutionary Guards statement
read. “Through membership in
foreign companies and institutions, she has participated in designing and executing media and
cyber plots with the aim of the
peaceful overthrow of the Islamic
Republic establishment.”
The statement also accused Ms.
Zaghari-Ratcliffe of being “one of
the chief members of networks of
adversary institutions, who —
with the direction and support of
foreign media and espionage
services — has committed her
criminal acts over the past few
years.”
The semiofficial Mashregh
news
organization
reported
Wednesday that she was accused
of collaborating with two organizations that “are working to diminish religiosity and equal gender rights.”
The Revolutionary Guards
statement seemed directed at the
Thomson Reuters company, a
global media powerhouse regarded with suspicion in Iran because of its British foundations.
Reuters merged with Canada’s
Thomson company in 2008.
In 2012 Thomson Reuters’ press
accreditation was suspended in
Iran after the agency was accused
of having lied in a video report
that asserted Iranian housewives
were training to become ninja assassins. (A misleading headline in
the report was corrected.)
The suspended accreditation
followed the closing of the British
Embassy in Tehran after it was attacked by hard-line protesters.
The government of President
Hassan Rouhani has reportedly
been in discussions to allow a
Thomson Reuters bureau to reopen.
Ms. Zaghari-Ratcliffe has never
worked inside Iran, said a statement released Wednesday by the
Thomson Reuters Foundation.
Rick Gladstone contributed reporting from New York.
N
A9
France Expands Its Rules Allowing Police to Carry Guns While Off Duty
By ALISSA J. RUBIN
PARIS — France eased its gun
rules on Wednesday to allow offduty police officers to carry their
sidearms even if the nation is not
in a state of emergency. The move
was a response to an attack on
Monday in which an Islamic State
assailant fatally stabbed a policeman and his companion at their
home while their child was there.
The eased rules, welcomed by
France’s police unions, came as
the authorities in Belgium alerted
police that more attacks appeared
to be in advanced planning stages
and could be imminent.
A group of extremists have left
Syria and divided into smaller
groups headed for Belgium and
France, the warning said.
The information was reported
by a Belgian newspaper, La
Dernière Heure, which said police
had received an alert that “combatants left Syria about a week
and a half ago in order to reach
Europe via Turkey and Greece, by
boat, without passports.”
Belgian counterterrorism officials tried to play down the significance of the warning.
The Belgian Coordinating Body
for Threat Analysis, which reviews and evaluates intelligence
and other terrorism-related information, did not raise the country’s
alert level, and said in a statement
that the warning, leaked to the
newspaper, “had not been contextualized and, in its current
form, has no direct impact on the
current threat level.”
Brussels, the capital, was
virtually shut down in November
after attacks in and around Paris
left 130 people dead and the authorities warning of the possibility
of an imminent attack in Belgium.
Officials did not dispute the authenticity of the new warning,
which described the would-be
assailants as armed and poised to
strike.
Among the possible targets in
Belgium were embassies, restaurants, hospitals, hotels, concert
Milan Schreuer contributed reporting from Magnanville, France.
ROLEX DELA PENA/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
French soldiers patrol in Lille near the site of a Euro 2016 soccer match, part of heightened security measures across the country.
halls and pedestrian streets, according to the warning.
When pressed about the information, Paul Van Tigchelt, the director of the threat-coordinating
body — known by its French initials, OCAM, as well as its Flemish
initials, OCAD — described it as
“raw intelligence.”
Raw intelligence generally
refers to information that is largely unverified, may originate from
a single source and has not yet
been corroborated.
However, with the Euro 2016
soccer tournament underway in
France and drawing huge crowds
to city centers and areas around
stadiums, the report from Belgium was consistent with assessments by security officials that its
neighbor faces a persistent and
serious risk.
There are already a number of
Belgian and French citizens or
residents who have fought for the
Islamic State or other groups in
Syria or Iraq and then returned
home, as was the case with a number of people who took part in either the Paris or Brussels attacks.
In testimony before Belgium’s
Parliament on Wednesday, Justice Minister Koen Geens said
that as of June 7, 114 Belgian fighters had returned from the Syrian-
Iraqi conflict zone and that seven
of them had since died. The number of returnees in France is about
244, one of the top French intelligence officials, Patrick Calvar,
told lawmakers last month.
French officials did not respond
specifically to Belgium’s most recent warning of returning
jihadists.
But Prime Minister Manuel
Valls of France, speaking on
France Inter radio Wednesday,
made clear that the country must
be prepared for more attacks.
“Other innocent people will lose
their lives,” he said. “You could accuse me of making society even
more anxious than it already is,
given all the events that have happened. But sadly, this is the reality.”
He was referring not only to the
November attacks, but also to the
fatal stabbings in France on Monday by an extremist who asserted
loyalty to the Islamic State.
“This is generational, we have
hundreds of individuals who are
radicalized,” Mr. Valls said.
There was no change to the
threat level in France on Wednesday. France has maintained a
state of emergency since the Nov.
13 Paris attacks, and considers the
risk of attack high.
However, French police officers
were particularly on edge after
stabbings on Monday of an offduty officer and his companion, an
Interior Ministry employee.
The country’s police unions met
with Interior Ministry officials on
Wednesday and emerged saying
they had received indefinite permission to carry their work guns,
even when off duty.
They are permitted to do so now
under state-of-emergency provisions, but those will expire on July
26. Many police officers had worried that the expiration would
make them more vulnerable.
The extended permission for
off-duty carrying, given by
Bernard Cazeneuve, the interior
minister, is not permanent, but
does not have an end date.
A far less nervous and combative mood prevailed in Magnanville, the small town west of
Paris where the stabbings took
place. About 200 people gathered
at noon on Wednesday for a moment of silence at the end of the
street where the policeman lived
with his family.
They listened quietly to remarks from the town’s mayor and
sang the national anthem, “La
Marseillaise.” Only a few of the
mourners complained that France
had too many mosques, a not-uncommon sentiment expressed in
parts of France in response to
fears of Islamic extremists.
Men representing area Muslim
groups came to pay their respects,
standing a bit apart as if they were
outsiders, although they were
from neighboring towns.
One of them, Abdelaziz El
Jaouhari, who is the secretary
general for the Council of Muslims
for the department of Yvelines,
said France needed more proper
mosques to help fight radicalism.
A department is a local unit of government, similar to a county.
“We do not have enough official
places of prayer for the community, and it is much better for young
people to be in official places of
worship rather than with those
networks they find in basements
and I don’t know where,” Mr.
Jaouhari said.
Coffee May Protect Against Cancer, W.H.O. Concludes, in Reversal of a 1991 Study
By ANAHAD O’CONNOR
An influential panel of experts
convened by the World Health Organization concluded on Wednesday that regularly drinking coffee
could protect against at least two
types of cancer, a decision that followed decades of research pointing to the beverage’s many health
benefits. The panel also said there
was a lack of evidence that it
might cause other types of cancer.
The announcement marked a
rare reversal for the panel, which
had previously described coffee
as “possibly carcinogenic” in 1991
and linked it to bladder cancer.
But since then a large body of research has portrayed coffee as a
surprising elixir, finding lower
rates of heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, neurological disorders and
several cancers in those who
drink it regularly.
In their report, the scientists did
identify one surprising risk for
coffee and tea drinkers. They said
that drinking “very hot” beverages
was
“probably
carcinogenic,” because the practice was linked to esophageal cancer in some studies.
Much of the evidence for coffee’s health benefits stems from
large epidemiological studies,
which cannot prove cause and effect. But the favorable findings on
coffee consumption have been so
consistent across numerous studies in recent years that many
health authorities have endorsed
it as part of a healthy diet.
Last year, a panel of scientists
that shaped the federal government’s 2015 dietary guidelines
said there was “strong evidence”
that three to five cups of coffee
daily was not harmful, and that
“moderate” consumption might
reduce chronic disease. Another
group, the World Cancer Research
Fund International, reported that
coffee protects against multiple
types of cancer. And several systematic reviews of studies involving millions of people have found
that regular coffee drinkers live
longer than others.
In its report, published Wednesday in Lancet Oncology, the World
Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on
Cancer said it had assembled a
team of 23 international scientists
who reviewed more than 1,000
studies. The agency said the evidence showed that drinking coffee
was unlikely to cause several
types of cancer, including breast,
prostate and pancreatic cancers,
and that it was associated with a
lower risk of uterine and liver cancers. For 20 other types of cancer
there was “inadequate” evidence
of a link to cancer, said Dana
Loomis, the deputy head of the
agency’s program that classifies
carcinogens and the first author of
the report.
Decades ago, the group listed
coffee as a “possible carcinogen” –
along with lead and diesel fuel –
because of studies that suggested
a weak link to bladder and pancreatic cancer. But those early studies did not adequately account for
higher smoking rates among coffee drinkers and, since then, more
rigorous and better-quality studies have become available, Dr.
Loomis said. “There is less of a
concern today than there was before,” he added.
In its report, the group cited evidence, for example, that coffee
drinkers’ risk of liver cancer de-
creases 15 percent “for each one
cup per day increment.” Still, the
group did not give coffee a ringing
endorsement. It placed coffee in
its Group 3 category for things
with “inadequate” evidence of
carcinogenic potential, such as
fluoride, low frequency electric
fields, and toluene, a solvent used
to make nail polish.
Geoffrey Kabat, a cancer epidemiologist at the Albert Einstein
College of Medicine in New York,
said he felt that the agency did not
go far enough in its report. He said
that coffee had been studied in
populations across the globe and
that studies now show a clear lack
of evidence of harm. He said the
agency tends to give greater
weight to studies showing harm,
even when they are outnumbered
by many more showing benefit.
“What the evidence shows over
all is that coffee drinking is
associated with either reduced
risk of several cancers or certainly no clear increase in other
cancers,” he said. “There’s a
strong signal that this is probably
not something that we need to be
worrying about.”
Since 1971, the cancer research
agency has evaluated nearly 1,000
environmental and lifestyle factors to determine the extent to
which they can promote cancer.
About 120 have been categorized
as carcinogenic to humans, including asbestos, cigarettes and
plutonium. Other things it has
classified as carcinogenic include
wood dust, salted fish and processed meats such as bacon, ham
and hot dogs.
But the agency’s reports have
at times been controversial. Critics have called the agency’s ranking system arcane and confusing
because it classifies things according to the strength of the overall research, not their actual level
of danger. Dr. Kabat said the assessment system was useful for
cancer researchers but that it
served no utility for the public.
“I really feel that it’s not contributing to the public good because it’s stoking these concerns,”
he said.
Still, the news on coffee is likely
to be welcomed by many Americans – about 130 million of whom
drink coffee every day. Around the
world, more than 1.6 billion cups of
coffee are consumed daily,
making it one of the world’s most
popular drinks behind tea.
The agency said it was not clear
why coffee seems to protect
against at least two types of cancers. But it noted that drinking
coffee produced “strong antioxidant effects” in clinical trials, and
that it promoted the death of cancer cells in laboratory studies.
The report’s concerns about
“very hot” beverages included
mention of mate, a type of tea traditionally consumed in South
America, the Middle East and
some parts of Europe, often at
high temperatures. The agency
said that regular consumption of
beverages hotter than 149 degrees
Fahrenheit
was
“probably
carcinogenic” based on a small
number of studies showing a link
between the practice and esophageal cancer.
One reason is that, over time,
scalding hot beverages may injure
cells that line the throat, setting
the stage for rare cancers.
A10
N
Australian
Is Granted
Early Exit
From Prison
‘Exceptional Family
Circumstances’
By MICHELLE INNIS
STEFAN WERMUTH/REUTERS
The scene floated past some of London’s most iconic sites, including Tower Bridge and the Palace of Westminster, where Parliament was debating the issue.
A Noisy Naval Battle Over ‘Brexit,’ Drifting on the Thames
By RUSSELL GOLDMAN
Like so many decisive moments
in British history, the question of
whether to leave the European
Union devolved on Wednesday
into a naval confrontation.
Only this time the brawling was
on the Thames, the cannons shot
only water, and the blare of trumpets came from an enormous
speaker system aboard a pleasure
cruiser blasting the song “The ‘In’
Crowd.”
This was London, a week before
one of the most critical political
decisions in a generation.
In what has been dubbed the
Battle of the Thames, a flotilla of
Scottish fishermen, led by the
United Kingdom Independent
Party leader, Nigel Farage, and
agitating for Britain to leave the
European Union, was met by an
armada of dinghies and pleasure
cruisers in support of remaining
in the bloc.
Leading the group opposed to a
British exit, or “Brexit,” the man
blasting the music was Bob
Geldof, the Irish impresario and
activist.
The scene floated past some of
London’s most iconic sites, including Tower Bridge and the Palace
of Westminster, where Parliament
was debating the issue. As the
boats circled one another, members on both sides took turns trading barbs on Twitter, yelling over
microphones, and in one case
blasting a ship with a water hose.
“Here are the facts about fishing,” Mr. Geldof said from his vessel, rigged with an enormous set
of speakers intended to drown out
Mr. Farage’s protest and broadcast interviews. “One, Britain
makes more money than any
other country in Europe from fishing. Two, Britain has the second
largest quota for fish in Europe after Denmark. Three, Britain has
the third largest landings. Four,
you are no fisherman’s friend.”
Mr. Farage said of the counterprotest, according to the BBC, “As
a spectacle, I think it is pretty disgraceful.”
STEFAN WERMUTH/REUTERS
Bob Geldof, the Irish impresario and activist, led the group opposed to a British exit from the European Union.
“What multimillionaire Mr.
Geldof did was to show his absolute contempt for the men and
women who have come here from
right across the U.K. asking, demanding, to be listened to as their
communities are destroyed by the
common fisheries policy,” he said.
Thirty fishing vessels left port
at dawn, arriving in London
around 11 a.m., and were soon met
by Mr. Geldof and the “In”
demonstrators.
The flotillas circled each other
just as Prime Minister David
Cameron was taking the last
round of questions from members
of Parliament before the referendum, scheduled for June 23. Some
lawmakers and staff members
watched the flotilla from Westminster’s ornate balconies.
The police intercepted the
boats, asking them to keep their
distance from one another and the
noise levels down.
When asked about the fishermen’s claims, Mr. Cameron, who
opposes leaving the European Union, said British fishermen would
not get a better deal outside the
union, according to the BBC.
Londoners, many also opposed
to leaving the bloc, took to Twitter
mostly to express exasperation
that their politics had devolved
into a boaters’ brawl.
“It’s just like Dunkirk, if
Dunkirk had consisted of 30 idiots
having a pub argument. #flotilla,”
one user wrote.
Red Tape on Spanish Visa Leaves Syrian Girl’s Surgery in Limbo
By RAPHAEL MINDER
MADRID — Sham Aldaher
came into the world in Jordan last
July, safe from the horrors of the
Syrian war that her family had
fled, but born with a disfigured
face and missing an eye. Doctors
said she required urgent and complex surgery.
A children’s
hospital
in
Barcelona has offered her free
emergency care. But bureaucratic
obstacles have left her stranded
among other Syrian refugees in
Jordan. She has been unable to obtain a Spanish visa, despite the
support of a team of international
lawyers.
The kind of red tape that risks
leaving Sham with permanent disfiguration underlines the shortcomings of the efforts of Western
governments to provide a
coordinated and efficient response to a mass influx of Syrians
and other refugees, according to
lawyers.
“I’m seeing a lot of cases of children with critical needs who can’t
move anywhere because of po-
litical roadblocks,” said Jayne
Fleming, the pro bono counsel and
the leader of the human rights
team at Reed Smith, an American
law firm. “I don’t want to demonize Spain, but there is certainly a
need for more cooperation between governments.”
Spain’s Foreign Ministry said
that Sham’s visa application had
not been processed because it did
not meet the required application
criteria. A spokeswoman said the
ministry could re-evaluate the infant’s case.
Spain, like other European
countries, has been heavily criticized by humanitarian organizations for taking in far fewer migrants than it had said it would accept. Under a European Union
agreement last year, Spain
pledged to admit 16,000 migrants
from refugee camps in Italy and
Greece. It has also agreed to receive a smaller number of
refugees from Syria’s neighboring
countries.
Spain’s interior minister, Jorge
Fernández Díaz, said this month
that the country planned to wel-
come 1,000 migrants by the end of
the summer.
However, Spain has fasttracked some special cases. Last
month, the foreign minister, José
Manuel García-Margallo, announced that the government was
processing the application of Os-
A family is stranded
in Jordan, awaiting
urgent medical care.
man Ahmed, a 7-year-old Afghan
who has cerebral palsy and who
was in a refugee camp in Greece.
However, Jörn Halling, a German lawyer with Reed Smith also
working on Sham’s case, said that
the Spanish Embassy in Amman,
Jordan’s capital, had advised him
that Spain’s resettlement program did not cover Jordan, which
meant that the embassy could not
process her visa.
Sham and the rest of her family
— her parents and three siblings
— have received conditional approval to resettle in the United
States. But their American applications are subject to background
checks, with no date set for their
completion. Furthermore, no
American hospital has so far offered the free treatment that
would now be available to Sham in
Barcelona, Ms. Fleming said.
Rubén Díaz, one of the directors
of the Sant Joan de Déu hospital in
Barcelona, said that in late March
his doctors offered to perform the
surgery Sham needed and provide six months of free treatment,
but that the hospital was not involved in resolving the visa issue.
“Part of the reasoning to use our
center is that it would be easier to
get here” from Jordan, Dr. Díaz
said. “As it turned out, it has not,
because of the visa problem.”
The initial treatment in
Barcelona would leave Sham
needing more operations into her
adult years, as her face continues
to grow. But the first surgery is
crucial “to prevent permanent
disfigurement,” Ms. Fleming said.
The city of Barcelona has also offered to cover all of the family’s expenses while Sham is in the hospital, she said.
The advanced surgery Sham
needs cannot be performed in Jordan, but she was examined there
by doctors, including a visiting
American craniofacial surgeon,
David Matthews, to establish the
urgency of her case.
Ms. Fleming said that she and
her colleagues were still studying
alternatives to resolve the visa
problem. The child’s family, she
said, would be willing to relocate
to any European country that
could both guarantee their safety
and provide Sham with the care
she needs, even as they remain on
the resettlement track for the
United States. The family fled Syria for Jordan in 2013.
“We understand every country
is overwhelmed and lacking resources, but this is one case where
we have identified resources, and
it is just a problem of a visa and
administrative roadblocks,” Ms.
Fleming said.
Prince William Appears on the Cover of a Gay Magazine
By KATIE ROGERS
After meeting with a group of
gay people who said they had
been bullied, Prince William, the
Duke of Cambridge, appeared on
the cover of Attitude, a gay magazine, and urged young people to
report instances of abuse to an
adult.
“No one should be bullied for
their sexuality or any other reason, and no one should have to
put up with the kind of hate that
these young people have endured in their lives,” Prince
William said in an accompanying
statement. “You should be proud
of the person you are, and you
have nothing to be ashamed of.”
The cover was planned weeks
before a shooting at a gay nightclub in Orlando, Fla., killed 49
people, but the magazine said in
a statement that the type of ha-
tred exhibited by the gunman,
Omar Mateen, begins at an early
age.
“Such violence does not exist
in a vacuum but snowballs from
intolerance and bullying that begins in classrooms, too often
comes from politicians, religious
leaders and is often not treated
with respect by the media,” the
statement read.
For Prince William, the decision to meet with members of the
lesbian, bisexual, gay and transgender community appears to be
a further venture into gay rights
issues and an extension of a
broader effort to combat bullying. In April, he established a
task force to help combat cyberbullying — on Tuesday, Kensington Palace announced that Sir
Tim Berners-Lee, the creator of
the World Wide Web, had joined
the effort.
ATTITUDE MAGAZINE
The July edition of Attitude.
Prince William is not the first
royal to champion a high-profile
cause, but Arianne Chernock, an
associate professor of history at
Boston University who specializes in modern British history,
said that Prince William; his
wife, Catherine, the Duchess of
Cambridge; and his brother,
Prince Harry, had gravitated toward more sensitive topics than
others had in the past.
L.G.B.T. issues, Ms. Chernock
said, might have been seen as
“an underdog cause” until relatively recently, and was perhaps
the kind of work that would have
attracted the duke’s mother,
Princess Diana.
“I think they’re building on Diana,” Ms. Chernock said, “who
really championed the other
causes other people didn’t want
to touch.”
Ms. Chernock said that Diana
understood that the news media
could be used to bring awareness
to her causes; she also knew that
it could help keep the royal fam-
ily relevant and fashion her image as a royal. When she chose to
shake hands with an H.I.V.-positive man in 1987, she was
credited with helping to shed
light on a cause that had been
shunned and ignored.
"That was a really huge turning point for her,” Ms. Chernock
said, “and really did change a lot
of the public attitude toward
H.I.V. AIDS in particular, but as a
consequence, the gay community more generally.”
Her sons have largely followed
her blueprint. In March, Prince
Harry made headlines when he
spoke about the need for gender
equality while on a visit to Nepal.
But Prince William’s decision to
allow himself to be photographed
for a gay magazine, Ms. Chernock said, shows a royal “pushing the envelope further than
we’ve seen before.”
SYDNEY, Australia — An
Australian businessman who was
jailed in China after a dispute over
his company there has been
granted early release from a prison in Australia, 19 months after being returned to his home country
to complete his sentence, under a
treaty between the two countries.
The businessman, Matthew Ng,
was released from a Sydney prison on Wednesday afternoon, said
Tom Lennox, a lawyer who had
campaigned for his release. “It is
very good news,” Mr. Lennox said
by telephone. “He’s out. It’s just
great.”
Mr. Ng was sentenced by a Chinese court in 2011 to more than 12
years in prison on bribery and
fraud charges. Mr. Lennox has
said the case was fabricated to allow a Chinese state-owned company to confiscate Mr. Ng’s travel
business.
Australia’s justice minister, Michael Keenan, said in a statement
on Wednesday that he had approved Mr. Ng’s early release
“based on his exceptional family
circumstances.” Since his arrest,
Mr. Ng’s eldest daughter has died
and his wife learned she had cancer.
Mr. Ng’s troubles in China began when he tried to sell his travel
company, Et-China, based in the
southern city of Guangzhou.
While building the company, he
had bought a majority stake in a
subsidiary of Lingnan, a hotel and
travel conglomerate owned by the
Guangzhou government.
In 2010, after the Swiss travel
company Kuoni offered to buy EtChina for $125 million, Lingnan demanded to buy back the shares of
its subsidiary at the original selling price, and Mr. Ng refused.
He was arrested later that year
and jailed for 13 months before being brought to trial. He was con-
Sentenced in China,
but serving a term
back home.
victed of misappropriating company funds, misstating his company’s registered capital and bribing
a director, charges that his trial
lawyer described as ridiculous.
In 2013, he was stripped of his
business assets in a civil case.
Lingnan eventually acquired
Et-China’s assets, according to a
businessman who managed the
company after Mr. Ng’s arrest.
Mr. Ng’s family life spiraled into
tragedy after his arrest. His 15year-old daughter fell into a deep
depression, developed anorexia
and died. His wife, who learned
she had breast cancer, was
harassed by the Chinese authorities and forced to bring her three
youngest children back to Australia without their father, according to Mr. Lennox. Since then,
tests showed she had bone cancer,
Mr. Lennox said.
In 2014, Mr. Ng became the first
Australian to be returned under a
prisoner exchange treaty with
China that allows people to serve
prison terms in their home countries. Since then, Mr. Lennox, who
said Mr. Ng had been convicted of
offenses that would not be crimes
in Australia, has campaigned for
Mr. Ng’s release. He appealed to
Mr. Keenan and to Attorney General George Brandis to pardon Mr.
Ng and to let him resume life with
his family in Sydney.
Under the terms of the treaty,
prisoners are supposed to serve
their full sentences in their home
countries. But Mr. Lennox had argued that an early release for Mr.
Ng on certain grounds, including
compassion, would not violate the
accord. He also said that Mr. Ng
might have become eligible for
parole in August.
A spokesman for China’s Foreign Ministry, Lu Kang, expressed
disappointment that Australia
had granted Mr. Ng early release,
suggesting that it violated the
treaty.
“It is hoped that Australia can
properly handle the issue according to the treaty and the understanding reached by both sides,”
Mr. Lu said on Wednesday at a
regularly scheduled news briefing. “After all, it is only when both
sides abide by the consensus
reached that they will have the
mutual trust for further cooperation.”
Mr. Lennox said the conditions
for Mr. Ng’s early release included
reporting regularly to a parole officer and some restrictions on
travel.
Yufan Huang contributed research
from Beijing.
N
A11
JOHN TAGGART/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
A Carefree Evening in Florida
Ends in a Family’s Heartbreak
Body of 2-Year-Old Boy Snatched by an Alligator
Is Recovered From a Lagoon at a Disney Resort
By NICK MADIGAN
and CHRISTINE HAUSER
LAKE BUENA VISTA, Fla. — Lane Graves
was doing what any 2-year-old boy would be
doing on a hot Florida evening — splashing
around in the shallow waters of a lagoon. His
parents and sister, Nebraskans all, were
nearby on the beach at a Disney resort here, relaxing, carefree.
Suddenly, an alligator sprang from the water
and clamped its jaws around the boy. Lane’s father, Matt Graves, bounded into the lagoon to
wrestle his son from the animal’s steel-trap
grasp, but lost the battle, according to an account by the Orange County sheriff, Jerry L.
Demings.
The alligator made off with the boy, and an
intense search for him yielded nothing in the
wide, murky expanse of water until more than
16 hours later, early on Wednesday afternoon,
when divers found him about six feet below the
surface and only 10 to 15 feet from where he had
last been seen. He was placed in a marine patrol
boat, covered with a white sheet, and turned
over to the medical examiner for an autopsy.
“His body was completely intact,” Sheriff
Demings said at a news conference less than a
mile from the lagoon, shortly after he and a
Catholic priest had delivered the “tough message” of the boy’s death to Mr. Graves, his wife,
Melissa, and their 4-year-old daughter, who live
in the Elkhorn section of Omaha, Neb.
“The family was distraught but also, I believe, relieved that we were able to find their
son,” said the sheriff, who noted that there was
no question in his mind that “the child was
drowned by the alligator.”
Lane had been splashing about, the sheriff
said, despite a sign that said swimming was not
permitted in the lagoon. His father also summoned a lifeguard from a nearby pool, but he,
too, was unable to rescue the boy.
The recovery ended a search that began
shortly after 9 p.m. on Tuesday in the lagoon at
Disney’s Grand Floridian Resort and Spa. The
artificial lake, which covers about 200 acres, is
14 feet deep in parts and feeds a series of canals
that wind through the Disney complex. It lies
across from the Magic Kingdom theme park.
Alligators are a common sight in Florida
ponds, lakes, lagoons and canals. The sheriff
said five alligators were taken from the lagoon
after the boy went under. They have been
euthanized to determine if any of them killed
the boy.
Sheriff Demings noted that Disney had been
in business in the area for 45 years and had
never had a similar incident, and that no “nuisance alligators” had been reported in the area
recently.
“Everyone here at the Walt Disney World Resort is devastated by this tragic accident,”
Jacquee Wahler, vice president of the Walt Disney World Resort, said in a statement. “Our
JOE RAEDLE/GETTY IMAGES
The beach at the Seven Seas Lagoon at Disney’s Grand Floridian Resort and Spa
near Orlando, where a toddler, Lane Graves, was dragged away by an alligator on
Tuesday evening. His father, Matt, jumped in but was unable to free the boy from
the animal’s grasp. Divers found Lane’s body 16 hours later.
thoughts are with the family. We are helping the
family and doing everything we can to assist
law enforcement.”
The resort, which has closed its beaches for
the time being, has a wildlife management
team that monitors alligators and other animals and regularly removes any that appear to
be troublesome, according to Nick Wiley, executive director of the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission. He said that alligator attacks were “not common at all” but that
alligators were capable of moving across land
and underwater so fencing them off was not a
feasible option.
But some visitors to the resort on Wednesday
said Disney could have done more to protect
the child and other visitors beyond simply posting the “No Swimming” signs that dot the periphery of Seven Seas Lagoon and others like it.
“Disney should always have these lakes patrolled, with all the money they’re making,” JeContinued on Page A13
Opposition to Judge in Stanford Sexual Assault Case Grows, In and Out of Court
Blocked by Prosecutor
And Shunned by Jurors
By THOMAS FULLER
SAN FRANCISCO — A California
judge who was criticized for handing
down a short jail term in a case involving
a sexual assault at Stanford University is
facing a growing number of impediments both inside and outside the courtroom.
Since Judge Aaron Persky of Santa
Clara Superior Court sentenced a former
champion swimmer for Stanford, Brock
Turner, to what is effectively a threemonth jail term, a dozen jurors have objected to serving in his courtroom. He
was also the subject of a successful motion on Tuesday by the district attorney’s
office to stop him from presiding over another sexual assault case.
And since he handed down the sentence, a petition to remove him from the
bench has attracted 1.4 million
supporters, its organizers say.
Judge Persky’s sentence in the Turner
case gained national prominence when
Jasmine Aguilera
Washington, D.C.
contributed
from
the victim released a powerful statement
that she had made during the sentencing
to BuzzFeed. The statement, which has
been read millions of times online, describes her personal anguish during the
assault and the trial.
The case that Judge Persky was removed from on Tuesday involved a male
nurse accused of touching, without any
medical reason, the genitals of a sedated
female patient.
In the motion to remove Judge Persky,
the prosecution said he was “prejudiced
against the party or the interests of the
party,” said Stacey Capps, the chief trial
deputy in the Santa Clara County district
attorney’s office. The prosecution was
unable to have a “a fair and impartial
trial or hearing” with Judge Persky hearing the case, the motion said.
In an interview, Ms. Capps said such
motions were made “with some regularity” in the court, but usually by the defense. The motions are rarely opposed.
Jeffrey F. Rosen, the Santa Clara district attorney, said in a statement Tuesday that he had lost confidence in the
judge to try the case. The statement also
cited another case that Judge Persky dismissed on Monday before a jury could
deliberate.
In that case, the police stopped a woman in a stolen car and found what they
said were stolen items in her bag. Jury
selection in the case had been more difficult than usual, with as many as 16 jurors
refusing to serve because they said they
were unsettled by Judge Persky’s sentence in the Stanford sexual assault case.
“I’ve never seen a juror tell a judge, I
can’t be fair because of the judge,” said
James Leonard, the supervising deputy
district attorney. “It was shocking.”
In his statement, Mr. Rosen said he
was “disappointed and puzzled” that the
JASON DOIY/THE RECORDER, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
Judge Aaron Persky in 2011. He gave the former Stanford swimmer Brock
Turner what was effectively a three-month jail sentence for sexual assault.
theft case had been dismissed.
“After this and the recent turn of
events, we lack confidence that Judge
Persky can fairly participate in this upcoming hearing in which a male nurse
sexually assaulted an anesthetized female patient,” Mr. Rosen said.
The prosecutor called the motion to
dismiss Judge Persky “a rare and carefully considered step.”
Mr. Rosen also said, “In the future, we
will evaluate each case on its own merits
and decide if we should use our legal
right to ask for another judge in order to
protect public safety and pursue justice.”
Judge Persky faces an election in November but is running uncontested.
A Stanford law professor, Michele
Dauber, has led the campaign to remove
Judge Persky from office. Ms. Dauber,
who helped release the victim’s statement to the media, is also a friend of hers.
In Washington, on the floor of the
House of Representatives on Wednesday
night, 18 members of Congress took turns
reading the statement. The reading was
part of an effort to gain support for legislation that would single out universities
that do not properly address campus assaults, said Representative Jackie
Speier, Democrat of California, who organized the reading.
A12
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
In G.O.P., Many Shades
Of Sentiment on Trump
‘Never,’ ‘No Comment’ and a Fast Getaway
By JENNIFER STEINHAUER
ERIC THAYER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Hillary Clinton at a campaign event in Pittsburgh on Tuesday. She has advocated a more aggressive military strategy in Syria.
Obama and Clinton Differ on Terror Approach
By MARK LANDLER
WASHINGTON — President
Obama and Hillary Clinton have
been in lock step in denouncing
Donald J. Trump’s response to the
mass shooting in Orlando, Fla. Yet
their united front against Mrs.
Clinton’s likely Republican opponent in the presidential election
this fall masks differences in how
they portray the threat from Islamic terrorism at home and how
they would wage the campaign to
defeat it abroad.
Mrs. Clinton, who served as
secretary of state during Mr. Obama’s first term, has advocated a
more aggressive military strategy
in Syria, including a no-fly zone to
protect civilians — something the
president has steadfastly rejected. She has spoken more
starkly than he has about the
threat posed by Islamic State-inspired terrorism in the United
States. And she would overhaul
the administration’s efforts to
counter violent extremism, according to a senior campaign adviser.
“Whatever we learn about this
killer, his motives in the days
ahead,” Mrs. Clinton said Monday,
“we know already the barbarity
that we face from radical jihadists
is profound.” Mr. Obama has
shunned such charged language,
arguing that it sows fear. When
the nation has acted out of fear after terrorist attacks, he said on
Tuesday, “we came to regret it.”
For the most part, Mrs. Clinton
and Mr. Obama seemed to echo
each other this week in condemning Mr. Trump’s call to ban
Muslims from entering the United
States and in ridiculing his fixation on the label “radical Islamic
terrorism.”
Still, even as Mrs. Clinton castigated Mr. Trump, she declared
that she had no problem using the
term “radical Islamism.” She said
it meant the same thing as “radical jihadism,” a phrase she used
regularly. Mr. Obama stuck to his
refusal to utter those words; he
said they played into the hands of
the militants by implying that Islam was synonymous with terrorism.
Mrs. Clinton and Mr. Obama are
in different places, to be sure: one
a second-term president with
fixed views on how to deal with
terrorism; the other a female
Democratic candidate for the
White House facing a likely Republican opponent who is determined to exploit fears about terrorism in a campaign suddenly
dominated by national security
concerns.
But their response to the Orlando attack illustrates the challenge
both will face as the general election campaign begins. As Mr.
Obama campaigns for her, they
will have to figure out how to navigate differences that range across
foreign and domestic issues and
reflect divergences in both tactics
and worldview.
“They should both stipulate
that they’re not going to agree on
100 percent of things because no
two people do, and if she’s president of the United States, she’s going to set her own direction,” said
David Axelrod, a former political
adviser to Mr. Obama. “The one
thing she’s not going to associate
herself with is the concept that his
policies have failed.”
During her long battle with Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont
for the Democratic nomination,
Mrs. Clinton has tried to play
down policy differences with Mr.
Obama, in part because she
needed to keep the president close
to appeal to the racially diverse
coalition that he assembled in
2008. As she confronts Mr. Trump,
the gaps will be harder to ignore.
“If she’s going to be critical of
Trump, then she’s got to put it in
the context of identifying two or
three places where she’s been successful with Obama,” said David
Winston, a Republican strategist.
“Then the areas where she’s similar to or different from him will
emerge.”
Trade is likely to be the most
visible dividing line between
them. Mr. Obama is pushing hard
for Congress to ratify his ambitious Asian trade agreement, the
Trans-Pacific Partnership, before
he leaves office. As secretary of
state, Mrs. Clinton promoted the
agreement scores of times. But
last fall, facing an unexpectedly
robust challenge from Mr.
Contrasts that could
become challenges in
the general election
campaign.
Sanders, she reversed course and
came out against it.
On national security, Mrs. Clinton’s differences with Mr. Obama
go back further and are rooted in
more than political calculation. In
2012, while still in the administration, she argued for funneling
weapons to moderate rebels in
Syria. She said later that the failure to do so had opened a security
vacuum in Syria that was filled by
the militants of the Islamic State.
In October, Mrs. Clinton announced that she favored a no-fly
zone to create “humanitarian corridors to try to stop the carnage on
the ground and from the air.” She
has said little about the proposal
in recent months, and there is no
sign that it has gained any traction
in the administration.
Another area where Mrs. Clin-
ton is likely to diverge from Mr.
Obama is in how to counter the
propaganda of violent extremism.
The Obama administration has focused heavily on communications, an approach that critics say
has proved disappointing. A former administration official who is
advising the Clinton campaign
said Mrs. Clinton would place
more emphasis on working with
teachers, community leaders,
imams and others who have direct
contact with those at risk of being
radicalized.
She will also put new pressure
on the United States’ Arab allies,
said this adviser, who asked to remain anonymous because he was
not authorized to speak for the
Clinton campaign. In Monday’s
speech, she sounded that theme,
saying that “it is long past time for
the Saudis, the Qataris and the
Kuwaitis and others to stop their
citizens from funding extremist
organizations.”
Mr. Obama came under criticism for failing to express adequate fury after the terrorist attacks in Paris that left 130 people
dead. White House officials acknowledged later that Mr. Obama
had been too modulated, but the
president has not wavered from
his refusal to use overheated language in discussing terrorism.
“Enough talking about being
tough on terrorism,” he said on
Tuesday. “Actually be tough on
terrorism.”
Mrs. Clinton has consistently
used harsher language than Mr.
Obama in characterizing the
threat from Islamic militants.
Americans “are anxious and fearful, and we have reason to be,” she
said in December, after the shootings in San Bernardino, Calif. At
the time, campaign officials said
she needed to “validate” the fears
of Americans.
Mrs. Clinton’s advisers are not
eager to discuss policy differences
between her and the president.
But the extreme nature of Mr.
Trump’s pronouncements makes
her disagreements with Mr.
Obama look relatively minor.
“The focus will be on the fork in
the road on the path forward with
Trump versus the path forward
with Clinton,” said Geoff Garin, a
Democratic pollster who is working for Priorities USA Action, a
“super PAC” supporting Mrs.
Clinton. “The differences they
have with each other will pale in
comparison to the fundamental
differences they share with Donald Trump.”
WASHINGTON — His unrelenting stream of incendiary remarks have left horrified congressional Republicans divided into
five loose categories about the
problem that is Donald J. Trump.
There are the fast walkers —
like Senator Patrick J. Toomey, the
endangered Republican from
Pennsylvania — who try to run
briskly away from questions
about the party’s presumed
nominee for president. Mr.
Toomey — never the most loquacious lawmaker — has mastered
the art of twisting his face into a
grimace and racing away from
reporters before they can ask him
about Mr. Trump’s latest statements about expanding a ban on
Muslim immigration.
Another senator in a tight reelection bid, Kelly Ayotte of New
Hampshire, also tries to avoid
talking about Mr. Trump, whom
she supports, as she makes her
way through the halls of Congress.
(To be in this category, it is very
useful to have Ms. Ayotte’s long
legs.)
Then there are lawmakers best
described as grumps, like Senator
John McCain, Republican of Arizona, who appears decidedly
downbeat about his party, and
Senator Bob Corker of Tennessee,
who offered early support to Mr.
Trump’s campaign but said this
week, “I don’t know that I really
have a lot to say,” adding that he
had tried to advise Mr. Trump and
was “discouraged by the results.”
Add to that list Senator Dan Coats,
Republican of Indiana, who has
struggled to find a single policy
position he shares with Mr.
Trump.
Another group are doing “the
McConnell,” taking a cue from
their majority leader, Senator
Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.
Senators Marco Rubio and Ted
Cruz — as well a number of House
members — rotely repeat that
they are supporting Mr. Trump,
and refuse to engage on his specific statements most days. Mr.
McConnell preemptively cuts off
discussion by saying things like,
“I’m not going to be commenting
on the presidential candidates today.”
A smaller group are the free
speakers, including Senators
Lindsey Graham of South Carolina and Jeff Flake of Arizona,
who feel unbridled to openly heap
scorn on Mr. Trump. Mr. Flake
called Mr. Trump’s remarks suggesting that President Obama
somehow had inside information
about the Orlando massacre “particularly disgusting,” and, like Mr.
Graham, said he would not be voting for him.
Another category are the
vaguely-upset-but-what-can-youdo. “Am I offended sometimes at
the comments? Yes I am,” said
Representative Mark Walker, Republican of North Carolina. “However, what offends me more are
Hillary Clinton’s actions.”
Then there is Speaker Paul D.
Ryan. He is perhaps the most
prominent critic of Mr. Trump on
his proposed Muslim ban, but has
nonetheless fully endorsed him.
That is a category of one.
Mr. Trump has created a feedback loop in which he says increasingly outrageous and at
times incoherent things about national security, immigration and
other issues and Republicans are
forced to answer for it. On
Wednesday during a rally in Atlanta, Mr. Trump addressed Republican criticism by basically
telling lawmakers to shut up.
“Don’t talk. Please, be quiet,” he
said. “Just be quiet, to the leaders,
because they have to get tougher,
they have to get sharper, they
have to get smarter, and we have
to have our Republicans either
stick together or let me just do it
by myself.”
While it is not clear how much
support Mr. Trump is actually losing — House Republicans continue to hide behind Mr. Ryan’s embrace of the live wire as proof of
their party unity — it is clear that
he is not gaining support either.
His top surrogates remain Senator Jeff Sessions of Alabama and
Representative Lee Zeldin of New
York, with no sign of newcomers
to the list.
The toxic combination of Mr.
Trump’s statements and his falling poll numbers has given signs
of life to the Never Trump movement, whose members cling to the
hope that they can prevent Mr.
Trump from becoming the
nominee next month.
“If Donald Trump continues to
conduct himself in a way that’s unbecoming of a nominee, let alone a
president,” said Rory Cooper, a
senior adviser to the #NeverTrump PAC, “then delegates
and party leaders in Cleveland
should be empowered to open the
convention, just as Democrats are
able to do. If there is no such
mechanism, then you are essentially saying there is no unacceptable line Trump can cross.”
However, there is a big division
among Trump-loathing Republicans over whether a change in
convention rules, which would es-
MATT ROURKE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
ZACH GIBSON/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Senators Patrick J. Toomey
and Kelly Ayotte try to avoid
talking about their fellow Republican Donald J. Trump.
sentially unbind delegates from
the candidate, or a third-party option is the best way to go.
Many Republicans, even those
who appear in need of a box of
chocolates or a bourbon to get
through each day of Mr. Trump’s
remarks, oppose a rules changes.
“That’s like saying in baseball that
you’re a run behind and now you
want to add three innings,” said
Mr. Coats, after conceding that the
process has been a slog.
Representative Robert Dold, an
Illinois Republican who has long
been outspoken against Mr.
Trump, said the will of the voters
ought to be respected, even as he
openly derides Mr. Trump. “We’ve
been explicit,” he said. “We are not
supporting Donald Trump.” Mr.
Dold, like some other Republicans, said he would likely write in
a candidate’s name.
Representative Don Young, Republican of Alaska, who straddles
the line of the free speaker and
anyone-but-Clinton camps, has a
more novel strategy. “I don’t listen
to him and never have,” Mr. Young
said. “I may vote for myself.”
Colliding Black Holes Detected Again
By DENNIS OVERBYE
When astronomers announced
in February that they had detected the ripples in space-time
known as gravitational waves
from a pair of black holes colliding, the discovery was hailed as
the advent of a new window on nature.
It is a way of hearing the universe instead of just looking at it,
as well as a long-sought vindication of Einstein’s theory of gravity,
general relativity.
At the time, there were rumors
that the discovery was not a fluke
and that other gravitational-wave
cataclysms had been recorded.
Now it seems that black hole collisions may be frequent facts of nature, with humanity at least tuned
in to the darker, deeper vibrations
of nature.
On Wednesday, the same group
of astronomers announced that
they had detected a second pair of
black holes that devoured each
other in another cosmic cataclysm 1.4 billion years ago.
In the new merger, black holes
roughly 14 and 8 times as massive
as the sun circled and combined
into a single spinning black hole 21
times as massive as the sun. The
collision spilled an amount of energy equivalent to the entire mass
of the sun into the roiling of spacetime.
After traveling 1.4 billion light
years across space, those ripples
shook the twin detectors of the Laser Interferometer GravitationalWave Observatory, or LIGO, on
Dec. 26, causing it to emit a chirp
about a second long.
The new discovery was announced at an astronomical meeting in San Diego. It is being published in Physical Review Letters
by about a thousand scientists in
the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations, which analyze data from
the gravitational wave detectors.
There are presently two LIGO
detectors in Hanford, Wash., and
Livingston, La., which have Lshaped arms in which lasers monitor the shrinking and stretching
of space and time caused by gravitational waves. They were built
and operated by a consortium led
by the California Institute of Technology and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
The first black hole collisions,
announced in February, involved
black holes 36 and 29 times as
massive as the sun.
In a statement released by the
LIGO team, Albert Lazzarini, the
deputy director of the LIGO laboratory at Caltech, said that this
discovery had “truly put the ‘O’
for Observatory in LIGO.” With
two detections in four months, he
said, scientists could begin to
make quantitative predictions on
how many events they might observe and how many black holes
there are in the universe.
“LIGO,” he said, “is bringing us
a new way to observe some of the
darkest yet most energetic events
in our universe.”
More gravitational-wave detectors, including one called Virgo in
Europe, are scheduled to come online in the near future, allowing
astronomers to pinpoint the locations of these events in the sky
and feel the emanations of doom
ever more sensitively.
N
A13
House Panel Advises
Censure of I.R.S. Chief
By JACKIE CALMES
WASHINGTON — A polarized
House committee on Wednesday
recommended that the House censure the commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service, John A.
Koskinen, and seek to strip him of
his office and his federal pension
for “a pattern of conduct” that betrayed the trust of Congress and
the public.
Following the House Republicans’ vote in 2012 to hold the attorney general at the time, Eric H.
Holder Jr., in contempt of Congress, the action against Mr. Koskinen appeared to show the lengths
they would go to pursue Obama
administration officials they oppose. Separately they are considering the more severe action of
impeaching Mr. Koskinen, a move
that has not been taken against a
Republicans lead an
effort to oust an
Obama official.
federal executive other than two
presidents in 140 years.
Censure by the House would be
the first step, supporters say, yet
its impact will probably be limited
to political symbolism. The Senate, also run by Republicans, is not
expected to follow suit, or to support impeachment. It is unclear
when the full House might act on
the censure resolution, said aides
to House Republican leaders, who
are unenthusiastic about the effort against the commissioner.
The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee
voted 23 to 15 for his censure, with
Republicans in support and
Democrats opposed, after hours
of exchanging condemnation and
praise for Mr. Koskinen.
The roots of the case against
him go back to May 2013, when Republicans alleged that a politically
motivated I.R.S. subjected Tea
Party groups to unfair scrutiny as
they sought tax-exempt status.
Mr. Koskinen was hired in late
2013 to steady the agency and restore confidence, after the events
in question. Republicans charge
that he was complicit in the destruction of I.R.S. emails pertinent to the alleged targeting, and
that he lied about the emails in testimony to Congress.
Mr. Koskinen, who was not
present during Wednesday’s
meeting, has denied wrongdoing
and said he testified based on his
understanding at the time.
Democrats repeatedly noted that
the inspector general of the Treasury, a Republican, and the Justice
Department found no evidence of
political motivation either in the
handling of the emails or in the
scrutiny of conservative groups.
Representative Jason Chaffetz,
Republican of Utah and chairman
of the oversight committee, said
that Mr. Koskinen delayed at least
two months in telling Congress
two years ago, in June 2014, that
pertinent emails had been among
those routinely destroyed at the
I.R.S.’s West Virginia office. “And
then he lied to us, under oath,” Mr.
Chaffetz said, about what emails
he would produce.
Since then, Mr. Chaffetz said,
“Mr. Koskinen has never made an
attempt to clarify or amend any of
his prior statements.”
While he said the commissioner
should be impeached — next week
the House Judiciary Committee
will hold a second hearing on that
— “censure is a helpful first step.”
“We owe it to the American people to ensure government officials
are held accountable for miscon-
LAUREN VICTORIA BURKE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Representatives Jason Chaffetz, a Republican, seated at top right, and Elijah E. Cummings, a Democrat, at left, at a hearing.
duct,” Mr. Chaffetz said. “When
there is a duly issued subpoena,
you have to comply with it. When
you come to Congress, you must
testify truthfully. If you find later
that there has been a mistake in
your testimony, you need to come
and explain that and correct the
record.”
The Democratic minority put
up a vigorous if doomed defense,
led by Rep. Elijah E. Cummings of
Maryland, the senior party member on the committee. He called
the case against the commissioner “bogus” and “a travesty.”
“John Koskinen is an honorable
man,” Mr. Cummings said. “This
76-year-old gentleman came out
of retirement to take on the difficult and thankless job.”
A Carefree Evening Ends in Heartbreak
From Page A11
rome Powell, a hotel concierge
who works for a Disney competitor, said as he waited for a shuttle
bus near the Magic Kingdom.
“That alligator should never have
been in that water. For the alligator to be able to walk right out of
the lagoon and grab that child,
that’s crazy.”
Kaitlynn Michaud, 16, from Ellington, Conn., who was visiting
with her mother, Kim, said a mere
“No swimming” sign “isn’t really
helpful enough” when alligators
were known to be part of the
natural population.
“You can still be near the water,”
she said, “and get into trouble.”
Thomas Scolaro, a partner at
the Miami law firm Leesfield Scolaro, which has represented families after alligator attacks elsewhere, said that in this case, “the
facts look horrible for Disney.”
“While this is a tragedy, it was
entirely preventable had Disney
acted reasonably and not left unwitting tourists at the mercy of
dangerous and wild animals that
roam its resort,” he said.
The child’s death was another
blow to an area already on edge after the shootings at an Orlando
nightclub early on Sunday and the
murder two days earlier of a popular singer. A state tourism official
did not respond to a request for
comment.
Wildlife experts estimate that
there are 1.3 million alligators in
Florida, and that they can be
found in all 67 counties. They prefer freshwater lakes and slowmoving
rivers
and
their
associated wetlands, but they can
also be found in brackish water
habitats, said Tammy Sapp, a
spokeswoman for the state fish
and wildlife commission.
“Anywhere there is standing
water, an alligator might be
found,” she said,
Last year, the Central Florida
area had its first reported fatal alNick Madigan reported from Lake
Buena Vista, and Christine Hauser
from New York. Reporting was
contributed by Daniel Victor, Lew
Serviss and Justin Porter from
New York; David Moll from Hong
Kong; and Sewell Chan from London.
RED HUBER/ORLANDO SENTINEL, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
A Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission official
searched Wednesday for a boy who was seized by an alligator.
ligator attack since 2007. The body
of a swimmer, James Okkerse, 61,
of DeBary, Fla., was pulled from a
lake in Volusia County, north of
Orlando, and it was determined
that he had been attacked by a 12foot gator.
Also last year, a 22-year-old
man who authorities said was
fleeing a burglary was killed by an
alligator in Brevard County, east
of Orlando. The man, Matthew
OP
FIRE FIG ERATIONS
HTER
BROKER
Riggins, drowned, the sheriff’s office said, and his body showed
signs of having been mauled.
Ed Frank, visiting from Charlotte, N.C., with his wife and two
sons, said Wednesday that he was
sure the Graveses had been careful. “But we’re in Florida, and
there are alligators in bodies of
water,” he said. “Alligators in their
natural environment are good at
camouflage. It’s what they do.”
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Mr. Cummings told Mr. Chaffetz: “Your core accusation
against the commissioner is that
he was deceitful and that he misled the Congress, but you completely disregard the difference
between a misstatement and a
lie.”
Mr. Cummings also quoted
praise for Mr. Koskinen from Senator Orrin G. Hatch, a Republican
colleague of Mr. Chaffetz in Utah’s
congressional delegation, who is
the chairman of the Senate Finance Committee that has jurisdiction over the I.R.S. The censure
resolution “is going nowhere,” Mr.
Cummings said. “It has no practical effect.”
Democrats pointed to what
they described as three factual in-
accuracies in Mr. Chaffetz’s resolution. Mr. Cummings, suggesting
the irony of that, said he was sure
those were “honest mistakes” by
Mr. Chaffetz, though “the same is
true of Commissioner Koskinen.”
Mr. Chaffetz acknowledged one
mistake about exactly when Mr.
Koskinen learned the emails had
been destroyed and amended the
language of the resolution to correct it, but he and the Republicans
defeated Democrats’ amendments otherwise.
Republicans on the panel repeatedly raised the allegations of
targeting of conservative groups
that predated Mr. Koskinen’s arrival at the I.R.S. and were not
part of the case against him. Even
as the committee met, the group
Tea Party Patriots emailed a fundraising appeal tied to its push for
Mr. Koskinen’s punishment.
Representative Jody Hice, Republican of Georgia, referred to
“politically motivated scrutiny
against innocent Americans,”
adding, “That’s exactly what’s
happened here.”
Democrats objected each time
and complained that the committee was proceeding with censure
before the Judiciary Committee
had decided whether the complaints against Mr. Koskinen warranted impeachment.
“Hurry up and hang this guy —
we’ll have the trial next week,”
said Representative Stephen F.
Lynch, Democrat of Massachusetts.
Oakland’s Interim Police Chief Is Removed After Six Days
OAKLAND, Calif. (AP) — Mayor Libby Schaaf removed Oakland’s interim police chief Wednesday, less than a week after appointing him amid a widening sex
scandal involving several officers.
Ms. Schaaf said new information had led her to lose confidence
in the interim chief, Ben Fairow.
She appointed Mr. Fairow, a former assistant chief for the Bay
Area Rapid Transit Police Department, on Thursday, after Chief
Sean Whent resigned amid allegations that officers had had sex
with an underage girl.
The mayor called Mr. Fairow’s
appointment a mistake but said
state law prohibited her from elaborating on her reasons.
“I made the decision to appoint
Ben Fairow; I also own the deci-
sion to remove him,” she said in a
statement. “I firmly believe that
when you make a mistake, you
need to own it and act quickly to
correct it.”
Two officers have resigned in
the scandal, and two others are on
paid leave. Other law enforcement
agencies in the area are also investigating possible sexual misconduct by their officers.
A14
N
TERROR IN ORLANDO
THE SIEGE
Gunman Threatened to Strap Explosives to Hostages, Mayor Says
Booby-Trap Fear
Delayed Rescue
By FRANCES ROBLES
and RICHARD PÉREZ-PEÑA
ORLANDO, Fla. — Amid the
massacre at a gay nightclub here,
while the gunman held dozens of
people hostage, the police got
word from multiple sources that
the killer had booby-trapped himself, hostages and the building
with explosives, Orlando’s mayor
said on Wednesday.
Holed up in Pulse nightclub
early Sunday, the gunman, Omar
Mateen, told the police by phone
that he would strap explosives to
four hostages and place them
strategically in the corners of the
building, Mayor Buddy Dyer told
reporters. People trapped inside
made panicked calls and text messages to 911 operators, friends and
family members, also warning
that Mr. Mateen was talking about
bombs, he said.
“We had a lot of information
from the inside and they independently were saying yes, the
bomber is about to put on an explosive vest,” Mr. Dyer said.
So far, investigators have not
found any evidence that Mr. Mateen, 29, had explosives, senior
law enforcement officials said
Wednesday. His rampage with an
assault rifle and a handgun left 49
people dead and 53 wounded, the
worst mass shooting in United
States history, and he died in a
shootout with law enforcement officers.
Investigators continued looking into whether his wife, Noor
Zahi Salman, knew what he had
planned, but at a news conference,
officials deflected questions about
possible criminal charges against
her.
“I’m not going to speculate with
respect to any charges that might
be brought,” said A. Lee Bentley
III, the United States attorney for
the Middle District of Florida.
“We’re not sure what charges will
be brought, or if charges will be
brought.”
Ms. Salman has told F.B.I. investigators that she had tried to
talk her husband out of some kind
of attack, according to senior law
enforcement officials. But she also
told them that she had gone with
him to buy ammunition, and that
she had once driven him to Pulse,
they said.
Ronald Hopper, an assistant
agent in charge of the F.B.I.’s
Tampa office, urged patience with
investigators, who he noted were
still analyzing a complex crime
Frances Robles reported from Orlando, and Richard Pérez-Peña
from New York.
ADREES LATIF/REUTERS
F.B.I. officials in the parking lot of Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Fla., on Wednesday. Several cars remained abandoned since the mass shooting there early Sunday.
scene. He also appealed for the
public’s help in retracing Mr. Mateen’s movements, as investigators scour his past for motives or
possible accomplices.
Efforts to parse Mr. Mateen’s
motivation have revealed strands
of Islamist radicalism, bigotry,
mental illness and even self-hatred — one possibility being investigated was that he was gay. Mr.
Mateen had expressed hatred of
gays and made contradictory
claims of links to terrorist groups.
His former wife has said he
abused her.
In talking with the police on
Sunday, he pledged allegiance to
the Islamic State. News 13, a local
cable news channel, reported that
the gunman also called the station
during the siege and declared his
allegiance to the group.
Mr. Dyer confirmed reports
that Mr. Mateen had been driving
around the night of the slaughter,
visiting locations, possibly casing
potential targets for an attack. But
Mr. Hopper said investigators believed that Pulse was the gun-
man’s intended target.
One woman who escaped the
nightclub
unharmed
said
Wednesday that she was angry
that, after an initial exchange of
gunfire with Mr. Mateen, police officers pulled back and settled into
a standoff, rather than quickly
forcing a confrontation.
“By the time I came out and
came around I told the officers
that he’s already shot at least a
hundred rounds, and I told the officers on my way out that there
was already at least 20 people that
were dead,” said the woman, Jeannette McCoy, 37, of Orlando.
“I wanted this guy dead,” she
said, but instead, “they gave him
so much time. And I’m yelling at
the officers like, ‘This is what my
tax dollars go to? You’re supposed
to be there to protect and serve.’
You can’t tell me this occurred at 2
o’clock in the morning and finally
at 5 o’clock in the morning is when
you finally decide to go ahead and
shoot him?”
On Wednesday, signs, flowers,
balloons, candles and beaded
necklaces dotted the area, some
with inscriptions for loved ones
lost. In front of the Fire Department’s Engine No. 5 firehouse,
less than 150 feet from Pulse on Orange Avenue, dozens of American
flags were planted in the grass.
Law enforcement agencies
shrank the cordon around the
nightclub, allowing access to several blocks; most businesses in
the area remained closed Wednesday, although a Chipotle restaurant reopened. Across the street,
an Ace Hardware store was open
this week, supplying water and
battery-powered fans to officers,
but traffic has been sparse.
“We usually get about 450 to
600 customers per day, but we’ve
only pulled in about 300 over the
last three days,” said Mike
Williams, an assistant manager.
The immediate area around the
club remained off-limits, with mobile command posts parked
nearby and F.B.I. agents combing
through the crime scene. Several
cars that were abandoned in
Pulse’s parking lot on Sunday still
had not been removed.
The possibility that Mr. Mateen
might have had bombs sheds
some light on the decision by police commanders to storm the
building Sunday morning, breaching an outer wall with explosives
and an armored vehicle. John
Mina, Orlando’s police chief, has
said that they had reason to believe they were facing an “imminent loss of life,” but he did not offer details.
Survivors of the siege said they
were searched by the police when
they escaped the club or were rescued, to make sure they did not
have explosives or guns on them.
The threat of explosives also accounts for the delay of several
hours before the building was
cleared and bodies removed, “because all indications were that it
was booby-trapped,” Mr. Dyer
said.
“When the shooter was killed,
you could see a battery pack right
next to him, which would indicate
to us that there’s a detonator of
some sort,” he said. “There was
also a bag near his body, so you
would logically lead to the conclusion that the bag contained explosives and he had some type of detonator that could have been a
pressure detonator that was under the body.”
Officials in Florida have been
reluctant to discuss Mr. Mateen’s
academic career, including his
stint at an alternative school. But
on Wednesday, TCPalm.com, a local news site, published excerpts
from his elementary and middle
school records that depicted him
as a troubled student.
“The main factor prohibiting
Omar from success in school is not
that the work is too hard, but
rather his difficulties in conforming to class/school rules,” one document, addressed to Mr. Mateen’s
father, said.
According to the website, which
did not say how it had obtained the
documents, Mr. Mateen “talked
frequently of violence and obscenities” as a child and was the subject of 31 disciplinary actions from
1992 to 1999.
THE INTERPRETER
In Mass Killings and Domestic Violence, Patterns of Fear and Control
From Page A1
what drives individuals to commit such mass attacks? — and
sheds light on the psychology of
violence.
‘Intimate Terrorism’
Domestic violence often follows a pattern in which an
abuser seeks to control every
aspect of a victim’s life. The
scope and intent of this are
hinted at in one name experts
use for it: “intimate terrorism.”
“The perpetrator is engaging
in a general pattern of control
over the victim — her finances,
her social contacts, the clothes
she wears,” said Deborah Epstein, who runs Georgetown
University Law Center’s domestic violence clinic. Violence is the
perpetrator’s means of enforcing
that control — and of punishing
any attempts to break it.
Mr. Mateen’s brief marriage to
Sitora Yusufiy seems to fit this
model. She has said that he
forced her to hand over her
paychecks to him, forbade her to
leave the house except to go to
work, and prevented her from
contacting her parents. Even
small perceived infractions were
met with a violent response.
“He would just come home and
start beating me up because the
laundry wasn’t finished or something like that,” Ms. Yusufiy told
The Washington Post.
Take this dynamic of coercive
violence to its most horrible
extreme, and it looks an awful lot
like how the Islamic State treats
women in its self-proclaimed
caliphate. As my Times colleague
Rukmini Callimachi has reported, the group has created a
vast infrastructure of rape and
slavery in which women are held
captive and bought and sold by
its fighters. It is intimate vioThe Interpreter is a new column
that explores the ideas and context behind major world events.
lence on an industrial scale.
Domestic violence, experts
say, is also often a way for male
abusers to impose their view of
“traditional” gender roles. Ms.
Epstein said such “traditions” in
the United States were rooted in
the idea of men having control
over women.
“That’s our culture: It’s all
about men controlling women in
their lives,” she said. “Intimate
terrorism stems from that desire
to control.”
This bears striking similarities
to how the Islamic State presents
its treatment of women as a
recruiting tool, promising young
men abroad — particularly in
Europe — that its caliphate will
allow them to restore “traditional” gender norms of male
dominance. This dominance is
exercised in part through violence including systematic rape
and the threat of rape. The group
often presents this violence as a
means to measure and protect
men’s honor.
It seems natural, then, that the
Islamic State might appeal to
men who desire that sort of
control over the women in their
lives, separate from any
ideological draw — the kind of
men who might have domestic
violence in their past.
Nimmi Gowrinathan, a visiting
professor at the City College of
New York who studies women’s
roles in insurgent and terrorist
conflicts, said that restrictive
norms about gender and sexuality could be a “pull” factor for
terrorist organizations — but
that people who are drawn to
them are also often “pushed” by
their own pre-existing attitudes
or desires.
Personal and Global Grievances
Terrorist attacks and mass
shootings garner attention and
frighten the public much more
than episodes of domestic violence. But domestic violence has
a much higher death toll in the
United States.
AUTUMN PARRY/DAILY CAMERA, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
Omar Mateen’s ex-wife, Sitora Yusufiy, with her fiancé, Marcio Dias, on Sunday.
According to the Violence
Policy Center, 895 women in the
United States were murdered by
their current or former intimate
partners in 2013 (and this does
not include those killed amid
mass shootings). That singleyear tally is more than nine
times the 92 people the New
American Foundation has
counted as killed in jihadist attacks on American soil in the
past decade.
But there are striking parallels
between the intimate terrorism
of domestic violence and the
mass terrorism perpetrated by
lone-wolf attackers like Mr. Mateen seems to have been. Both, at
their most basic level, are attempts to provoke fear and
assert control.
Domestic violence, experts
say, often occurs when an abuser
concludes that violence is the
best tool to solve his or her griev-
ances. That might mean a husband who perceives his wife’s
failure to do the laundry as a
challenge to his rightful authority, leading him to try to reimpose his will through violence.
Clark McCauley, a professor at
Bryn Mawr College who studies
the psychology of mass violence
and terrorism, said he was not
aware of research finding a causal relationship between domestic
violence and terrorism. But he
has found that a characteristic
common to mass killers is a
sense of grievance: a belief that
someone, somewhere, had
wronged them in a way that
merited a violent response.
That grievance could be personal, or it could be political — a
sense that the perpetrator
needed to act in the name of a
larger group.
Paul Gill, a senior lecturer at
University College London who
studies the behavior of lone-actor
terrorists, said that violence was,
in a sense, a learned
psychological skill: “Having a
history of violence might help
neutralize the natural barriers to
committing violence.”
From that perspective, domestic violence can be seen as a
psychological training ground for
someone like Mr. Mateen to
commit a mass attack.
Gender Norms, Gender Panic
A domestic abuser’s desire to
impose, by force, supposed traditional gender roles also sometimes includes sexuality. Such
abusers, experts say, may see
homosexuality as a threat to
their masculinity.
“There is an idea that what it
means to be masculine is to be
vigilant of your sexuality, and
hypervigilant towards keeping
anyone from perceiving you as
gay,” said Gillian Chadwick, a
fellow at Georgetown University
Law Center.
Intimate terrorism, in that
sense, rests on a broader spectrum of violence meant to preserve the traditional dominance
of heterosexual men, and coerce
those who are perceived as
threatening that order. That
spectrum, at the extreme end,
includes mass shootings.
This connection makes it
somewhat easier to understand
an apparent contradiction: that
Mr. Mateen targeted a gay nightclub and that his father and
ex-wife have said he had a history of homophobic remarks, but
that he also had been seen visiting Pulse, the gay nightclub he
targeted, and, according to some
news reports, used a gay dating
app.
Could Mr. Mateen have been
trying to use violence to reimpose rules about gender and
sexuality that he himself was
troubled about violating? If so,
he would not be the first.
Ms. Chadwick said there was
an entire category of legal argument, called “gay panic” and
“trans panic” claims, in which
defendants say that they turned
to violence because they were so
upset about being perceived as
gay, or about discovering they
were attracted to a transgender
person.
Ms. Gowrinathan, who studies
gender and terrorism, warned
against making assumptions
based on Mr. Mateen’s having
been a Muslim raised by Afghan
immigrants to the United States,
saying that domestic violence
and homophobia are prevalent
across cultures.
“He is the outcome of the
United States’ political culture,
not the Islamic State’s,” she said.
Ms. Epstein of Georgetown
agreed. “People in the U.S. throw
acid in the faces of their wives
who have betrayed them,” she
said. “Anything you could find
overseas happens here, too.”
N
A15
A16
N
TERROR IN ORLANDO
THE MEDIA
CNN Anchor Contends With Covering a Story That ‘Resonates Very Deeply’
By MICHAEL M. GRYNBAUM
Anderson Cooper was reading
the names of victims of the Orlando massacre on CNN this week
when, uncharacteristically, his
voice wavered and he drew up
short. For moments, viewers
around the country heard only silence, and then the sounds of the
anchor struggling to compose
himself.
“That was horrible,” Mr. Cooper
recalled, a bit sheepishly, in an interview on Wednesday. Accustomed to covering foreign wars
and lethal hurricanes, Mr. Cooper
said he did not like to show his
feelings on camera.
But this time, he added, felt different: “I’ve been surprised at
how emotional this has been.”
As the news industry descended on Florida this week in
the aftermath of a mass shooting
in a gay nightclub, Mr. Cooper’s
raw, activist-style coverage stood
out. He held a prime-time vigil of
sorts, reciting a list of the dead; refused to name the gunman, saying
he wanted to focus on the victims;
and, in a widely viewed exchange,
grilled Florida’s attorney general
for defending a state ban on samesex marriage.
Mr. Cooper, who is gay, has
seemed to embrace an advocacy
role rarely seen among top network anchors, blending on-theground reporting with a distinctly
personal and empathetic touch.
Until recently, Mr. Cooper did
not discuss his sexuality in public.
On Tuesday, for what he said was
the first time he could remember,
he referred to himself as gay on
the air.
“As gay people, we share
strands of a common bond,” he
said during the final moments of
his prime-time broadcast. “If this
killer hoped to set us backwards,
to make us live in fear, I think he’s
made a sickening mistake.”
Speaking on Wednesday from
his satellite truck in Orlando, Mr.
Cooper insisted, emphatically,
that he was no activist. “I’m not
trying to push an agenda,” he said.
“I’m not here to be an advocate,
railing at the top of my lungs at injustices; that’s the role other people have.”
But he said he had been preoccupied this week by memories
of previous murders at gay nightclubs, including a 1970s firebombing in New Orleans and the shooting of gay patrons at a Greenwich
Village bar in 1980.
“There were people who have
died, and no one really told their
story,” Mr. Cooper said. “I think
the fact that I am gay, and I am in a
position where I can determine
the content of a broadcast at night
on CNN. . . . ” He let the thought
trail off. “There have been genera-
VIA CNN
In an interview this week, Anderson Cooper confronted Pam Bondi, the Florida attorney general.
tions of reporting on gay people
where that has not been the case.”
Opinion is the coin of the realm
on cable news, where Rachel Maddow, Sean Hannity and their
brethren hold court nightly. Mr.
Cooper is viewed as a more traditional on-air newsman, even if he
does not shy away from conveying
moral dismay in his coverage. He
made his reputation during Hurricane Katrina, when his anguished
reports from a decimated New Orleans seemed to channel national
frustration with the recovery effort.
It is hard to ignore, however, Mr.
Cooper’s deeply felt connections
with the gay community that was
targeted in Orlando. In an exchange that spread quickly online,
he confronted the Florida attorney general, Pam Bondi, with
what he said were complaints
from gay residents about her office’s legal defense of Florida’s
same-sex marriage ban.
“Do you really think you’re a
champion of the gay community?” Mr. Cooper asked, suggesting repeatedly that there was a
“sick irony” in Ms. Bondi’s saying
she would now work to help relatives of gay victims.
Ms. Bondi said on Wednesday
that she was “disappointed” by
Mr. Cooper’s approach. In a radio
interview, she said that all the anchor’s aggressive questioning had
done was “encourage anger and
hate.” She said that CNN had
omitted a portion of the exchange
in which she discussed her fundraising for victims’ families and
that the location of the interview,
in front of an Orlando hospital,
“wasn’t the time nor the place.”
(Mr. Cooper said Wednesday
that Ms. Bondi “was clearly unhappy at the end of the interview,”
adding, “She intimated that I didn’t like her, and I said, ‘I have no ill
will toward you at all; it’s just my
job to ask you questions.’ ”)
But Mr. Cooper, who cut short a
European vacation to fly to
Florida to cover the shooting, said
he preferred to keep his focus on
the victims, whose experiences,
he said, he easily recognized.
“I can’t tell you how many bars
and clubs I’ve been to over the
years,” Mr. Cooper said, volunteering that his longtime companion, Benjamin Maisani, owned
several gay bars in New York.
“Every gay man in America remembers the first time they went
to a gay bar and how they felt.
“I don’t want to sound like I’m
speaking for the gay community,”
said Mr. Cooper, who publicly acknowledged his sexual orientation in 2012. “But it certainly resonates very deeply for me.”
THE WOUNDED
Massacre Renews Debate
Over Limits on Gay Men
Who Can Donate Blood
By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
In the aftermath of the Pulse
nightclub shooting in Orlando,
Fla., 53 people were alive but
wounded, many in desperate need
of blood. Blood banks in the area
put out a call for donors.
Gay men were ready to volunteer. Rumors even went around
that blood centers in Orlando had
relaxed a ban on donations from
sexually active gay men.
But the rumors were false. The
ban, imposed by the Food and
Drug Administration, remains in
place, infuriating some gay rights
activists.
The agency does not permit a
man who has had sex with an-
Activists question the
science of a ban on
the sexually active.
other man in the past year to donate blood. Loosening that restriction, officials say, would greatly increase the chances of contaminating the blood supply with H.I.V.
and other sexually transmitted infections.
Many gay rights activists have
protested the rule, arguing that
demanding a year’s celibacy is unreasonable and that the ban perpetuates homophobic stigma.
Mass murder in a gay nightclub
has brought the debate to the fore.
Kelsey Louie, the chief executive officer of GMHC, the Gay
Men’s Health Crisis, described the
restriction as “adding insult to this
nightmare” and called for “a blood
donation policy that is inclusive
and based on science, not stigma.”
The F.D.A. says its position is
based on science and notes that its
one-year waiting period is in line
with policies in Britain and Australia. (France dropped its ban on
donations from gay men last
year.)
The health authorities must balance the demand for blood against
the inevitable consequences. Despite elaborate screening criteria
and modern blood testing, F.D.A.
officials note, every year some of
the 3.5 million patients who receive transfusions are infected
with various diseases.
For example, after the agency
approved a test in 2007 for Chagas’ disease, which can be lethal,
it found more than 5,000 donors
with it, not all of them first-time
donors. Even with current testing,
the agency estimates that about
one donation in 1.5 million transmits H.I.V. to the recipient.
Lifting the restriction on
sexually active gay men would
raise the risk of H.I.V. infection to
one per 375,000 donations, which
the agency considers unacceptably high, Dr. Peter W. Marks, the
deputy director of its Center for
Biologics Evaluation and Research, said in December.
Donation screening policies are
based on a combination of trust in
human nature and hard science,
both of which are fallible.
All communicable diseases
have window periods during
which the infection is so new that
the virus, parasite or spirochete
can be in the blood and actively
replicating, but at such low levels
that even the most sensitive tests
cannot detect it.
For H.I.V., the window period is
nine to 11 days after infection —
but that assumes the most rigorous test and a typical patient. In
some, it takes longer to detect.
Gay men over all are at higher
risk for syphilis, gonorrhea, hepa-
SAM HODGSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A worker with donors on Wednesday at a OneBlood donation center outside The Orlando Sentinel’s offices in Florida.
titis C and chlamydia. Gonorrhea
and chlamydia are detectable in
urine in about a week, according
to the STD Project, a website that
fights
stigmas
surrounding
sexually transmitted diseases.
But the window period for hepatitis C is four weeks at minimum,
and the tests are more accurate at
six to nine weeks. The shortest
window for syphilis is one to two
weeks, but detection is more likely
after six weeks.
Donor-screening methods used
by American blood banks presume that unpaid donors are unlikely to lie, since they experience
some discomfort and typically receive nothing in return — except
gratitude, a sense of satisfaction
and sometimes movie tickets, although that practice is controversial.
But it is well known that some
donors do lie. Some gay men opposed to the F.D.A. policy have
said in public meetings and online
forums that they have pretended
be heterosexual in order to donate
to help a friend.
It does not help that exclusion
criteria are complex and often
misunderstood.
Potential donors are asked long
lists of detailed personal questions about injecting drugs, paying or being paid for sex, having
syphilis, visiting countries with
malaria or mad cow disease, and
being tattooed in certain cities.
And the rules change. Currently, anyone who has recently
visited one of 48 countries or territories where the Zika virus has
been circulating, or who has had
sex with a man who has recently
traveled to one of them, is barred
from donating for a month.
The F.D.A. has looked at ways to
eliminate both misunderstandings and falsehoods. At blood
banks in the United States, donors
go down a checklist alone or answer questions from a technician.
In South Africa, interviewers
try to ascertain how promiscuous
each donor is, regardless of sexual
orientation. In Italy, doctors do the
screening. No method eliminates
all high-risk donors, Dr. Marks
said.
The F.D.A. has emphasized that
many blood recipients are very
vulnerable — they include not just
victims of shootings or car accidents, but also premature infants,
mothers hemorrhaging after
birth, children with hemophilia,
and organ transplant patients
taking
immune-suppression
drugs.
Gay rights advocates argue
that much more blood would be
available if men in monogamous
relationships, men who always
use condoms, or men who take the
drug Truvada to prevent H.I.V.
transmission were allowed to donate. At a minimum, the advocates argue, no sex in a month
would be a more reasonable barrier.
Combined with testing, the risk
of infections would be low enough
to be acceptable — and considerably more acceptable during crises like the Orlando shooting,
when the risk of dying from a gunshot wound greatly outweighs the
risk of catching a treatable disease from a gay man who is eager
to donate.
THE MEDICAL EXAMINER
Almost Too Many Autopsies to Count
By FRANCES ROBLES
ORLANDO, Fla. — Corpses do
not faze him but Joshua D.
Stephany, Orlando’s chief medical
examiner, still has the image of
what he saw inside the Pulse
nightclub on the morning of the
slaughter seared into his head.
Strobe lights were still flashing.
The television was still on. Purses
and cellphones were strewn about
the floor. And there were bodies
everywhere.
“What you saw was drinks that
were just served. You saw bills
that were about to be paid. You
saw half-eaten food,” said Dr.
Stephany, 41, who was called into
duty hours after Omar Mateen
barged into the popular gay nightclub and opened fire. Forty-nine
people were killed in the attack.
“Time just stopped.”
Although he had been filling in
for about a year, Dr. Stephany was
officially made Orange County’s
chief medical examiner two days
after the slaughter at Pulse. On his
first real day on the job, his office
completed 18 autopsies. He said he
performed at least seven of the 49
autopsies. The exact number he is
not certain of. He lost count.
He and his four colleagues,
aided by two state pathologists
called in from elsewhere in
Florida, have now conducted autopsies on all 49 victims as well as
the assailant. Out of respect for
‘Take a typical
homicide scene,
multiply it by 50.’
those who were killed, Mr. Mateen’s corpse is being held in a different part of the morgue, in an
area typically used for decomposing bodies.
Determining the cause of death
was routine in this case, as all of
the victims had bullet wound after
bullet wound.
“So you kind of take a typical
homicide scene, multiply it by 50,
even that just won’t prepare you
for what you see,” he said. “I don’t
think you can find anybody more
experienced
than
medical
examiners to go to that type of
events, but to see the sheer number of decedent is almost surreal.”
The pathologists put aside their
emotions, he said, as they sought
to identify everyone.
The technicians photographed,
X-rayed and fingerprinted the
bodies to confirm their identities.
They inspected tattoos. They
washed blood off the victims’
faces so they could be compared
to photographs from their driver’s
licenses and Facebook profiles.
The identity of one victim frustrated the team for dozens of
hours, until Dr. Stephany realized
that a wallet he had picked up off
the ground at the club as evidence
contained the person’s name.
In autopsy after autopsy, the
doctors documented every wound
and plucked every bullet, noting
where it entered and the direction
it traveled.
“It doesn’t appear anyone suffered,” he said. “Everyone went
down where they were. I don’t
LESLYE DAVIS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
The chief medical examiner, Joshua Stephany, responded to the scene at the Orlando club.
think anyone had prolonged suffering.”
A New Hampshire native, Dr.
Stephany has conducted several
thousand autopsies in his life. He
has seen his share of overdoses,
suicides, hangings and car
crashes. But he said he knows this
case, his first as the chief, will be
one he will not forget.
“It hasn’t been able to sink in
yet,” Dr. Stephany said. “I don’t
think there’s any way it could not
affect you immediately or
eventually.”
A17
N
TERROR IN ORLANDO
THE CAMPAIGN
Trump Backs Gun Sale Limits That G.O.P. Rejects
From Page A1
mendation of the Justice Department alone. Ms. Feinstein unsuccessfully proposed a similar
measure last year, after 14 people
were killed by an Islamic
extremist
couple
in
San
Bernardino, Calif.
The legislation she is now
proposing goes even further, covering not just people on the watch
list at the time of purchase, but
anyone who had been on the list in
the preceding five years. The Orlando gunman, Omar Mateen, had
been on the list but was removed
after an F.B.I. investigation
turned up no evidence that he was
plotting any crimes.
N.R.A. officials said on Twitter
that they would be happy to meet
with Mr. Trump, but that the group
had not changed its position:
withholding guns from people on
the terrorist watch list, the vast
majority of whom have not been
charged with a crime, would give
the government too much power
to deny people of their Second
Amendment right. At one point in
2014, the list had 800,000 names,
and in the past famous Americans
like Senator Ted Kennedy and
Representative John Lewis had
undergone additional screening
at airports because their names
were similar to those on the list.
The group has supported a competing measure put forward by
Republicans, led by Senator John
Cornyn of Texas. Under the proposal, when someone on the
watch list tried to buy a gun, federal prosecutors would have three
days to persuade a judge that
there is probable cause to deny
the purchase. Democrats say that
burden is too high.
“The N.R.A. believes that terrorists should not be allowed to
purchase or possess firearms, period,” said Chris W. Cox, the executive director of the group’s Institute for Legislative Action, in a
statement. “At the same time, due
process protections should be put
in place that allow law-abiding
Americans who are wrongly put
on a watch list to be removed.”
A spokeswoman for Mr. Trump
confirmed that he met with Mr.
Cox in New York on Tuesday,
though the terror watch list was
not on the agenda.
Mr. Trump’s campaign did not
clarify Wednesday how far his
proposal would go or articulate
which of the dueling measures —
By ALICIA PARLAPIANO
Current federal law does not disqualify those on the government’s
terrorist watchlist from purchasing a gun from a licensed dealer. Senate
Democrats, who are hoping to resurrect legislation defeated by Republicans last year to address the so-called terror gap in federal gun laws,
began a filibuster on Wednesday to pressure Republicans on the issue.
Democrats tried to pass
such a law in December.
60 votes
needed to pass
45 YES
DAMON WINTER/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Donald J. Trump, at a campaign rally in Atlanta. said he would protect the Second Amendment.
Mr. Cornyn’s or Ms. Feinstein’s —
Mr. Trump most agrees with.
Democrats were not counting
on Mr. Trump’s support and almost seemed not to want it. They
have been more than happy to associate him with the N.R.A., which
Democrats view as the biggest obstacle to gun control.
Republicans are under pressure to show some action in response to the Orlando shooting,
and Mr. Cornyn said on Wednesday evening that he was working
with Ms. Feinstein on a potential
compromise. But Ms. Feinstein,
speaking to reporters after a classified briefing on the Orlando
shooting that Mr. Cornyn also attended, said she doubted a deal
would be reached.
As for Mr. Trump’s role, she was
dismissive. “Oh, Trump just
makes everything worse,” Ms. Feinstein said.
During the primaries, Mr.
Trump, who is a gun owner, spoke
often about his affinity for guns as
a way to prove his conservatism.
He is in step with the N.R.A. on
virtually all other gun issues, including his opposition to a ban on
assault weapons. “By the way, I’m
going to save your Second
Amendment,” he said Wednesday
at a rally in Atlanta.
As he has after other mass
shootings, Mr. Trump said
Wednesday that more gun ownership was the answer, not less. He
said that the carnage could have
been minimized “if some of those
great people that were in that club
that night had guns strapped to
their waist or strapped to their ankle, and if the bullets were going in
the other direction.”
Actual floor debate on any of the
Senators have
proposed two
opposing measures.
proposals in Congress was not expected until Thursday at the earliest, and would depend in part on
whether Democrats relented in
their filibuster.
Mr. Murphy was aided by a
large cast of Democrats but especially his fellow Connecticut senator, Richard Blumenthal, as well
as Cory A. Booker of New Jersey
and Richard J. Durbin of Illinois,
the minority whip.
They yielded briefly for questions from Republicans but otherwise talked incessantly about the
need for tighter gun control. By
early evening, the Democrats
brought out a poster showing photographs of victims of the Orlando
shooting. Senator Tammy Baldwin, Democrat of Wisconsin,
stood next to the poster, reading
out the victims’ names and speaking about their lives.
A spokesman for Senator Mitch
McConnell of Kentucky, the Republican leader, said that the
speechmaking by Democrats was
merely delaying the consideration
of the gun-related measures, as
well as proposals on F.B.I. financing and other amendments to the
Senate appropriations bill.
Jonathan Lowy, director of the
Legal Action Project of the Brady
Center to Prevent Gun Violence,
said that while the Democratic
legislation was “a very promising
step in the right direction,” none of
the proposals currently under
consideration go far enough.
“We need to require background checks for all gun sales if
we truly want to keep guns out of
the hands of terrorists and other
dangerous people,” Mr. Lowy said.
Mr. Lowy added that he still
does not entirely understand what
Mr. Trump is proposing. “You certainly can’t enact the tweet into
law — you need more specifics
than that,” he said. “We’ll have to
see what actual legislation, if any,
Trump actually supports.”
A Death Toll Fails to Narrow a Chasm on Gay Rights
By JEREMY W. PETERS
and LIZETTE ALVAREZ
Jeremy W. Peters reported from
Washington, and Lizette Alvarez
from Orlando, Fla.
NO 54
44 Democrats, 1 Republican
THE NATION
WASHINGTON — For a fleeting moment this week, it seemed
as if the massacre in Orlando, Fla.,
was having the unlikely and unintended impact of helping to bridge
the chasm between Republicans
and many in the gay community.
Mitt Romney offered “a special
prayer for the L.G.B.T. community” after he learned of the attack.
Senator Marco Rubio of Florida
granted an interview to The Advocate, the gay news magazine, and
expressed outrage at the Islamic
State’s persecution of gays. And
Donald J. Trump repeatedly expressed solidarity with gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people, declaring, “I will fight for you”
— an unprecedented show of support from a presumptive Republican presidential nominee.
But the deep divide over gay
rights remains one of the most
contentious in American politics.
And the murder of 49 people in an
Orlando gay club has, in many
cases, only exacerbated the anger
from Democrats and supporters
of gay causes, who are insisting
that no amount of warm words or
reassuring Twitter posts change
the fact that Republicans continue
to pursue policies that would limit
legal protections for gays and
lesbians.
In the weeks leading up to the
killings, they pointed out, issues
involving gays were boiling over
in Congress and in Republicancontrolled states around the country. More than 150 pieces of legislation were pending in state legislatures that would restrict rights
or legal protections for sexual minorities. A Republican congressman read his colleagues a Bible
verse from Romans that calls for
the execution of gays. Congress
was considering a bill that would
allow individuals and businesses
to refuse service to gay and lesbian couples.
North Carolina is facing a harsh
backlash because of a law curtailing antidiscrimination protections for gays and requiring transgender people to use bathrooms
that match the gender on their
birth certificates. Mississippi’s
governor signed a similar bill.
Gays have surpassed Jews as
the minority group most often tar-
How Terror Suspects Buy
Guns — and How They Still
Could, Even With a Ban
SAM HODGSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Gov. Rick Scott of Florida, right, in Orlando on Monday, has
stressed that radical Islam needs to be controlled, not guns.
geted in hate crimes, according to
the F.B.I.
The agitated reactions are just
some of the ways identity politics
have overtaken the tragedy in Orlando, with its combustible mix of
issues that have long divided
Americans: guns, gays, God and
immigration.
“If one more Republican tells
me they have gay friends, I’m
gonna scream,” said Representative Sean Patrick Maloney, Democrat of New York and one of just a
few openly gay, lesbian or bisexual members of Congress. “I don’t
care that they have gay friends. I
care that they’re voting against
equality.”
The massacre, with stunning
speed, has been transformed into
a political wedge, beginning with
fierce disagreements over just
what the crime should be called.
An attack by “radical Islamic terrorists,” as Republicans insisted?
A hate crime in a place seen as a
safe haven by gays, as many
Democrats said?
Politics have taken over in
Washington and with particular
force in Florida, where gay rights
divisions are surfacing, Democrats are calling for gun controls
in one of the most ardently progun states, and Mr. Rubio, citing
the events in Orlando, said he was
reconsidering his decision not to
seek re-election for his Senate
seat.
One of the most bitter manifestations of the lingering animus
happened in the shadow of the
massacre scene itself when CNN’s
Anderson
Cooper
berated
Florida’s Republican attorney
general, Pam Bondi, for speaking
so affectionately about the dead
while also being an unflinching
opponent of efforts in her state to
legalize same-sex marriage.
“Do you really think you are a
champion of the gay community?” he asked her in an interview
on Tuesday.
Ms. Bondi, who appeared rattled and caught off guard, accused
Mr. Cooper on Wednesday of “creating more anger and havoc and
hatred.”
Amid the political sniping, a
profound sense of fatigue was
building — a familiar coda to
many mass shootings.
“I’m not doing any of the political stuff,” said Mayor Buddy
Dyer of Orlando, a Democrat who
has been praised for his handling
of the crisis. “It’s sad that on the
national level they can’t just focus
on what they really need to focus
on.”
Because the killings have ignited debates on so many sensitive
topics, there are many different
opinions about what the focus
should be. Democratic state lawmakers in Florida, led by State
Senator Darren Soto, who is running for Congress, called for a special session on gun control here, a
hard sell in a place known as the
“Gunshine State.” They also proposed a bill in the State Legislature that would ban people on the
terrorist watch list or the no-fly
list from buying guns, similar to
efforts by Democrats in Washing-
ton.
But this week Gov. Rick Scott, a
Republican, stressed that it was
radical Islam that needed to be
controlled, not guns. “The Second
Amendment didn’t kill anybody,”
Mr. Scott said. “Evil, radical Islam,
ISIS — they killed.”
Republicans and Democrats
could not even agree on how to describe the attack. Mr. Scott was
criticized for failing to mention, in
numerous public appearances
and interviews, that the victims
were apparently targeted for their
sexual identities. (He finally did
on Wednesday, offering that the
Orlando incident was “a clear attack on the gay and Hispanic community.”) Representative Pete
Sessions of Texas told a reporter
on Tuesday that Pulse, where the
attack occurred, “was a young
person’s club,” not a gay club. His
office later said he misunderstood.
The speaker of the House, Paul
D. Ryan, made no mention of gays
in his initial statement. No did the
Senate majority leader, Mitch McConnell, who did note that the Islamic State beheaded women and
crucified children.
Representative Rick W. Allen of
Georgia, the Republican who last
month read the Romans verse
that says of homosexuals “they
which commit such things are
worthy of death” as the House was
about to vote on a gay rights
amendment, has not apologized.
His spokeswoman did not respond to requests for comment on
Wednesday.
“We aren’t demanding that Republican lawmakers genuflect at
the altar of the almighty gay
agenda,” said Kirk Fordham, a former senior Republican aide on
Capitol Hill who has worked on
gay rights causes. “Just acknowledge the discrimination and violence directed at us as a group.
And sadly some Republican lawmakers think that is nonexistent
or wildly exaggerated.”
In Florida, activists noted that
the state was still a place where
gay and lesbian people could “get
married on a Friday and fired on a
Monday” because of inadequate
nondiscrimination laws, in the
words of Mallory Garner-Wells,
the public policy director for
Equality Florida.
“We’ve been trying to convey to
people there’s still a lot of work to
do,” she added. “Maybe this will
be a wake-up call.”
53 Republicans, 1 Democrat
The legislation would have given the attorney general authority to
deny the sale of a firearm “to a known or suspected terrorist if the prospective recipient may use the firearm or explosive in connection with
terrorism,” according to a news release by Senator Dianne Feinstein,
the Democrat from California who offered the amendment.
The government currently uses a central watchlist administered by
the F.B.I. to track known terrorists and terrorism suspects.
Another December proposal offered by Senator John Cornyn,
Republican of Texas, which would have delayed gun purchases by
people on the watchlist and given the government 72 hours to investigate them, won more votes than the Democratic version, but also
failed. Mr. Cornyn’s proposal is also backed by the National Rifle
Association.
There is debate over whether this particular
law would have prevented Omar Mateen, the
Orlando gunman, from buying his guns.
Mr. Mateen was on a federal terrorist watchlist while being investigated by the F.B.I. in 2013 and 2014, but he was removed after the
investigation ended, according to the F.B.I. director, James B. Comey.
If the 2015 legislation had passed and the F.B.I. relied entirely on the
watchlist, he would not have been blocked from buying guns from a
licensed dealer this month.
But the legislation does not specifically require that someone be
named on a particular watchlist to be considered a known terrorist or
a suspect, so it is possible that Mr. Mateen could have been flagged
under other procedures implemented by the attorney general.
The Justice Department is considering procedures that would alert
investigators if someone who had been on a terrorist watchlist tried to
buy a gun, according to Sally Q. Yates, the deputy attorney general.
Currently, most people on the watchlist
who attempt to buy guns are approved.
The consolidated federal terrorist watchlist had 800,000 people
(mostly non-Americans) on it as of September 2014, including 64,000
on a subset referred to as the “no-fly” list, which bars air travel to,
from or within the United States.
While inclusion on the list does not disqualify people from purchasing weapons, prospective gun buyers are screened against the terrorist watchlist, and matches are forwarded to F.B.I. agents, who can use
the information to help with investigations. Last year, 244 background
checks involved people on the list.
According to a study by the Government Accountability Office using
data collected by the F.B.I., the vast majority of those on the watchlist
who attempted to buy a gun from 2004 to 2015 were allowed to proceed,
because they were not stopped by a disqualifying factor like a history
of criminal or mental health problems.
Number of F.B.I. background checks for gun
purchases involving people on the terrorist watchlist
300
Denied
250
200
150
100
50
Allowed to proceed
’04
’05
’06
’07
’08
’09
Beginning in Feb.
’10
’11
’12
’13
’14
’15
Statistics were incomplete
The F.B.I. has been criticized in the past for being too slow to purge
people from the watchlist, and opponents of the legislation cite the fact
that those on it have no chance to contest their inclusion in court.
Some security experts have also warned against blocking those on
the list from purchasing guns because suspects would be alerted that
they are under scrutiny. Other proposals include only barring those on
the “no-fly” list, who already are aware of their status.
Even if a law closing the terror gap were passed,
known terrorists or suspects could still buy guns
from a private seller in most states.
Even if the Orlando shooter had been denied the purchase of guns
from a licensed dealer because of his connections to terrorism, he
could have still obtained weapons legally from a private seller at a gun
show or online, because federal law does not require a background
check for private purchases.
While some states have their own laws requiring a background
check or a permit (issued after a background check) in private sales,
Florida is not one of them.
Background check
on private sale
Not required
ME
AK
VT NH MA
WA MT ND SD MN WI
OR
ID
WY NE
IA
IL
MI
IN
NY CT
OH PA
RI
NJ
CA NV UT CO KS MO KY WV DC MD DE
AZ NM OK AR TN
HI
TX
LA MS AL
VA NC
GA SC
Handgun only
FL
The Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, a gun safety
advocacy group, wrote a letter to senators when the terror gap legislation was being considered in December, saying that while the measure
was important, it was “not nearly enough” because it did not address
the loophole that allowed people to buy guns from private sellers in
most states without a background check.
A18
N
Classmate of Brooklyn High School Student Is Indicted in Her ’06 Killing
three months this year, he showed her a
news clipping on Chanel’s murder.
Mr. Thompson’s office is working with
the State and Justice Departments to extradite Mr. Primus from St. Vincent. He
said it was a complicated process that
could take weeks or months.
“It is a bittersweet day today for the
family,” Ms. Petro-Nixon said outside the
Suspect Long Labeled
A ‘Person of Interest’
By ALAN FEUER
On Father’s Day in 2006, a Brooklyn
high school student named Chanel PetroNixon went for a job interview at an Applebee’s restaurant just blocks from her
apartment in the Bedford-Stuyvesant
neighborhood. Chanel, 16, was an avid
reader and a straight-A student. She
never came back.
Within about a day, her mother, Lucita
Petro-Nixon, reported her missing.
Three days after that, a woman taking
out the trash found Chanel’s body, strangled and partly clothed, in a garbage bag
on the street outside her building on
Kingston Avenue in the Crown Heights
neighborhood. As the weeks went by,
posters offering a reward for information
dotted Chanel’s neighborhood, but nobody came forward. So every year after,
Ms. Petro-Nixon and her husband,
Garvin Nixon, have joined with friends
and relatives to honor Chanel at a memorial march.
But on Wednesday, nearly 10 years to
the day that Chanel disappeared, the authorities announced a major break: A
man had been indicted in her murder.
Prosecutors said that Chanel had gone
to meet the man, Veron Primus, at her interview on the day she vanished and that
Seeing a ‘little light at the
end of the tunnel’ after a
major break in a cold case.
Above, Chanel Petro-Nixon,
murdered a decade ago. Right,
Lucita Petro-Nixon, Chanel’s
mother, at a news conference
on Wednesday where the
indictment was announced.
CHRISTOPHER LEE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
the two were former classmates who
went to the same church. While the police had long considered Mr. Primus, 29,
“a person of interest,” it was only in the
last few months that they were able to
make a case.
At a news conference held outside the
Applebee’s, on Fulton Avenue, Ken
Thompson, the Brooklyn district attorney, said that Mr. Primus, who once lived
in Crown Heights, was in custody on the
Caribbean island of St. Vincent on unrelated charges of kidnapping one woman
and murdering another. He was de-
ported to the island from New York last
year after serving a prison term for assaulting a different woman and violating
a protective order she had against him.
Mr. Primus was also accused of rape in
that case but was found not guilty of the
charge.
Robert K. Boyce, the chief of detectives for the New York Police Department, said at the news conference that
investigators from the 77th Precinct
tried to find evidence against Mr. Primus
for years. Finally, last August, the investigation was handed over to the depart-
ment’s Cold Case Squad.
Then, in April, Chief Boyce said, detectives working on the case received a call
from the authorities in St. Vincent with
what seemed to be a fresh lead connecting Mr. Primus to Chanel’s death. Neither Chief Boyce nor Mr. Thompson
would discuss that evidence.
But last month, the New York television station WPIX interviewed the woman Mr. Primus is accused of kidnapping
in St. Vincent, Mewanah Hadaway. Ms.
Hadaway told a reporter that before Mr.
Primus locked her in a wooden shed for
Applebee’s, with a tattoo of her daughter
partially revealed under a sleeve of her
dress. “Finally, we can see a little light at
the end of the tunnel.”
After Ms. Petro-Nixon spoke, Letitia
James, the city’s public advocate, and
Scott M. Stringer, the city comptroller,
stood in front of the cameras, asking anyone with information on the case to come
forward. So did the Rev. W. Taharka Robinson, the pastor of the New Life Tabernacle Church.
“It’s like the T-shirt says,” Mr. Robinson suggested, pulling back the lapels
of his blazer. On his shirt was a photo of
Chanel, a number for the Police Department’s tip line and a logo reading:
“Somebody knows something.”
New York’s Own Anti-Gay Massacre, in the Village, Is Now Barely Recalled
By DAVID W. DUNLAP
“For all of us who were worried that
the conservative backlash in this country would bring about unnamed terrible
things, the future is now.”
The words appeared on the front page
of a gay newspaper, heralding an article
about bar patrons being gunned down
where they stood. They were not written
this week, but 36 years ago, describing a
spasm of violence that fewer and fewer
people now recall.
They were written by the reporter
Andy Humm as he told readers of The
New York City News on Nov. 28, 1980,
what most of them already knew: that a
former transit police officer had rampaged through Greenwich Village,
killing two men and wounding six.
“West Street Massacre,” the headline
read.
Shortly before 11 p.m. on Wednesday,
Nov. 19, a 38-year-old former transit police officer named Ronald K. Crumpley
opened fire outside a deli at Washington
and 10th Streets, cutting down Richard
Huff, 30, and Rene Matute, 23.
The gunman then made his way to
West Street, between 10th and Christopher Streets, a blockfront shared by the
Ramrod, a popular leather bar, and
Sneakers, a gay dive.
“He aimed his Uzi at a group of men
standing in line outside the Ramrod bar
and squeezed the trigger,” Edward M. Alwood wrote in “Straight News: Gays,
Lesbians and the News Media.”
“Blood spattered against the wall and
door as bullets ripped into one man’s
shoulder and another man’s arm,” Mr. Alwood wrote. “In barely the time it takes
to light a cigarette, 40 rounds tore into
the crowd.
“As bullets sprayed the front window
of the bar, panic swept the crowd inside.
Customers dropped to the floor. Several
crawled to a stairway at the back of the
building in a desperate attempt to survive.”
Vernon Koenig, 21, an organist at
nearby St. Joseph’s Roman Catholic
Church, was killed instantly. Jorg Wenz,
a 24-year-old Dutch immigrant working
as a doorman at the Ramrod, died at St.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY JEFFREY D. SMITH
The Ramrod, a leather bar in the
West Village, on the night in 1980
that eight people were shot, two
fatally. Ronald K. Crumpley, in hat,
was found “not responsible by reason of mental disease or defect” and
died in a psychiatric hospital at 73.
A former transit police
officer with an Uzi and a
hatred of gay people.
Vincent’s Hospital after an hourslong
struggle by doctors to save his life.
Olaf Gravesen, 37, and John Litaker,
36, were wounded out on the sidewalk.
John Gamrecki, 27, was hit inside the
Ramrod. Thomas Ron, 54, was hit inside
Sneakers. (Different accounts give varying name spellings and ages for the victims.)
Mr. Crumpley made it plain to the police that he would have been satisfied
with a higher toll.
“I’ll kill them all — the gays — they
ruin everything,” he was reported to
have said.
Though nowhere near as deadly as the
shooting at the Pulse nightclub in Orlando, Fla., or the arson fire at the UpStairs
Lounge in New Orleans that killed 32 in
1973, the West Street rampage chills
those who remember it.
“It was especially stunning because it
was hitting at the heart of what was the
epicenter of gay life,” Mr. Alwood said
this week.
Mr. Humm recalled on Monday that
the attack occurred 15 days after Ronald
Reagan had been elected president and
the Republicans had taken control of the
Senate from the Democrats. “It was like
a bomb had gone off in New York,” he
said.
A vigil drew 1,500 mourners to Sheridan Square in Greenwich Village, Mr.
Humm reported at the time. “There were
few, if any, calls for the blood of Ronald
Crumpley,” he wrote. “Anger was directed at the system which treats gay
people as a subhuman species.”
At a memorial service, David Rothenberg, a member of the city’s Human
Rights Commission, spoke tenderly of
Mr. Koenig. “I recall my last seeing him
and my instinct was to hug him goodbye,
but I have been sufficiently trained not to
make such public demonstrations,” he
said. “I think in the future, when I want to
hug someone, I won’t deny myself that.”
The next night, a Mass for Mr. Koenig
was celebrated at St. Joseph’s without
mention of the fact that he had been
killed because of his homosexuality.
When mourners confronted the pastor,
Mr. Humm said, he replied, “Everyone is
welcome here, but not if they wear big
H’s on their backs.”
In 1981, a jury found Mr. Crumpley “not
responsible by reason of mental disease
or defect” for the murders and attempted
murders. He was confined to secure psychiatric hospitals and died in April 2015,
at 73.
The Ramrod and Sneakers are long
gone. Andrea Cohen, an owner of Bongo
restaurant, where the Ramrod was, said
numerous patrons knew about the
killings. “Actually,” she said, “they told
me what happened early on when I was
opening Bongo at this location.” She has
posted a sign in the bathroom with a
short narrative of the event and a photo
of the bar.
Still, it seems that the Ramrod killings
have largely been forgotten. When
mourners gathered spontaneously on
Sunday to show their solidarity with Orlando, they came to the Stonewall Inn on
Christopher Street — not to the site of
New York’s own massacre.
Perhaps, though, “overshadowed”
may be a better word than “forgotten.”
Eight months after the killings on West
Street, an article appeared on Page A20
of The New York Times.
“Rare Cancer Seen in 41 Homosexuals,” the headline read.
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
Police Move to Fix Bond
With Gay New Yorkers
By RICK ROJAS
Inside the brick fortress near
the Brooklyn Bridge that is 1 Police Plaza, the headquarters of the
New York Police Department, the
auditorium is a place where officers come for jubilant events,
where cadets are sworn in and
where members of the force shake
the hand of the commissioner after a promotion.
And on Wednesday, officers
marched in with the flags of the
United States, New York City and
the rainbow colors of gay pride for
a gathering that was also one of
celebration, if tinged with mourning.
It was the first time in more
than a decade, organizers said,
that the Gay Officers Action
League of New York has had a
community gathering for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Pride Month. The event was
planned before the mass shooting
at a gay nightclub this week in Orlando, Fla., but the tragedy added
a poignancy to it.
It
was
an
opportunity,
organizers said, to improve a
sometimes strained relationship
with the city’s gay, lesbian, bisexu-
al and transgender people, and
show that the city had a diverse
force that included officers who
shared similar experiences.
Brian Downey, a detective and
the president of the league since
January, noted that there were officers who had been shunned by
their families for their sexual orientation, or who had struggled to
come out to their friends and colleagues. There have been transgender officers who transitioned
while on the job.
“They need to see us,” said Detective Downey, who has been
with the Police Department for
more than eight years. “They
need to see the out and proud
members of the department.”
William J. Bratton, the police
commissioner, said it was his hope
that “everyone who lives, works
and plays in the city feels comfortable approaching a New York City
police officer, and is treated with
compassion, with care and with
attention.”
The league, established in 1982,
has about 2,000 members from
the Police Department, federal
law enforcement and other agencies.
A19
N
Members of the Gay Officers
Action League of New York
met on Wednesday with local
residents to discuss their
shared experiences and to improve their relationship.
MICHELLE V. AGINS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
“We are a beautiful mosaic inside the Police Department,” Detective Downey said, “that represents that beautiful mosaic that is
the city of New York.”
There were references throughout the night to progress and to
how much the city and the department have evolved over the
decades, with officers trained to
interact with gay people with
awareness and sensitivity.
But Detective Downey acknowledged the tensions that
have existed between the department and gay people, and he said
he hoped the discussions fueled
by the Orlando shooting could
bring about an improved connection. “I think it’s not as strong as it
could be, and I think it’s not as
strong as it should be,” he said.
“We’re doing everything we can
and we’ll do more.”
Some officers expressed fears
about joining the profession because of their sexual identity.
Over the years, accusations of
discrimination have been leveled
against the department, and some
officers have brought lawsuits
against it because they believed
that their careers had been impaired or that they had been
harassed because of their orientation or identity.
“I had a certain idea of what the
Police Department was like, a
pretty ignorant idea, and I thought
it was going to be a lot worse,” said
Carl Locke, a detective who joined
the Police Department 15 years
ago.
Brooke Bukowski, a patrol officer in the Sixth Precinct in Greenwich Village, said she had thought
that being a police officer would
not even be an option for her as a
transgender woman. She has
been with the department for five
years, patrolling in East New York
and Flatbush in Brooklyn before
taking the Manhattan assignment.
“It’s really like a nonissue, especially when they see you’re a hardworking
officer,”
Officer
Bukowski said.
“I am transgender, that’s who I
am,” she added. “But on the day to
day, I just want to be seen as a
good cop.”
Ferry Rides to 5 Boroughs,
At the Price of the Subway
From Page A1
from San Francisco; Sydney, Australia; and other cities where extensive commuter-ferry systems
have long operated. They tend to
charge more to ride ferries than
buses or trains, and their ferry
fares are based on the length of
the trip.
The one-fare plan fits with the
liberal agenda of Mr. de Blasio,
who has championed “transit equity” for all New Yorkers. To fulfill
the mayor’s promise, the city will
have to contribute a substantial
operating subsidy, a commitment
that several of his predecessors
were unwilling to make.
Mr. de Blasio’s former rival for
the mayor’s job, Christine C.
Quinn, applauded his embrace of
ferries as a form of mass transit.
“There’s a little bit of a whimsical,
historic notion of ferries; they
seem to be a lot more fun than
other modes of transportation,”
said Ms. Quinn, the former City
Council speaker. “You don’t want
ferries to just be the fun, fancy
transport of people with money.”
Of course, New York’s waters
were once clogged with ferries. In
the early 1900s, when there were
few bridges and no car tunnels, as
many as 147 boats carried people
across the Hudson and East
Rivers.
The only vestige of that era is
the Staten Island Ferry, nine hulking boats that make regularly
scheduled point-to-point crossings of New York Harbor. For
routes from Brooklyn and Queens,
city officials have largely relied on
private companies operating their
own ferries to deliver workers to
Manhattan every weekday.
City officials have been leaning
on Hornblower Cruises and
Events, the San Francisco-based
company they chose in March to
operate the service, to order the
boats it will need. Hornblower,
which runs cruises to the Statue of
Liberty, has settled on a design for
149-passenger boats and is negotiating with a few boatyards around
the country to build 18 of them, at a
cost of nearly $4 million each.
“One of the challenges is to
stand up a new fleet,” said Terry
MacRae, Hornblower’s chief executive. “But it’s better than bringing a bunch of widows and orphans together,” he said, alluding
to the alternative of rounding up a
group of used boats.
Cameron Clark, who is overseeing the start of the ferry service
for Hornblower, said the 85-foot
boats were designed by Incat
Crowther, an Australian company,
to be fuel-efficient and spacious.
The first of them are scheduled to
be completed early next year, he
said.
“They will have all the 21st-century stuff,” Mr. Clark said, including Wi-Fi and power outlets for
laptop computers.
Maria Torres-Springer, the
president of the city’s Economic
Development Corporation, said
Hornblower was chosen primarily
for its experience in starting ferry
services around the country, as
well as on the Canadian side of Niagara Falls. The company, however, has limited experience with
helping commuters get to and
from work every day, though city
officials said that did not weigh
heavily against it.
The city’s choice of Hornblower
stirred some controversy, including warnings from another ferry
operator, New York Water Taxi,
that it would go out of business after losing its bid for the city’s contract.
Billybey Ferry, a part of the
New Jersey-based New York Waterway, has been operating the
subsidized East River Ferry service for the city since 2011. That
Grand Opening
Bay Rid
dg
d
ge
STATE
TEN
E
ISL
SLAND
Ro
Rocka
ockaway
THE NEW YORK TIMES
ERIC THAYER FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A dilapidated pier at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, which will eventually be the home port for the expanded ferry service that the city is starting next year, with additional routes to be added in 2018.
INCAT CROWTHER
A design for a 149-passenger ferryboat. To cover three new
routes, the city will need nine boats, none of which it now has.
service will be integrated into the
citywide system after this year
and will be operated by Hornblower at a reduced fare equal to a
MetroCard swipe, city officials
said.
Paul Goodman, the chief executive of Billybey, said his company
was “disappointed to lose the bid.”
But, he added, “We’re still big believers in the expansion of ferry
service and we hope that it’s a success.”
Mr. de Blasio announced that
the home port for the expanded
service would be a pier in the
Brooklyn Navy Yard. But that pier
is so dilapidated that it may not be
rebuilt before 2018, Ms. Glen said.
If the city-owned service starts
next summer, as scheduled, the
home port is likely to be in New
Jersey at first, Ms. Glen said. The
city’s ferry system, however, will
not serve New Jersey.
“Homeporting is a terrific benefit of the system,” Ms. Glen said,
adding that it would create jobs in
Brooklyn and save on fuel costs.
“If that takes another nine
months, that’s not the priority.”
Hornblower will need nine
boats to cover the three new
routes, none of which it has now.
Mike Anderson, former chief
executive of Washington State
Ferries, which runs a large fleet of
ferries in the Seattle area, said
that to have that many boats built
would normally take a few years.
But Hornblower hopes to cut that
schedule to one year by using
three or more shipyards, including two on the Gulf Coast, Mr.
The Height of Glenwood Rental Luxury
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Clark said.
“That’s a bit of a heavy lift,” said
Mr. Anderson, an executive with
KPFF Consulting Engineers who
consulted with New York City on
its plan. “Everything has to go
right and they need to get started
pretty soon.”
City officials have made provisions for delays in the production
of new boats, allowing Hornblower to charter additional boats
to get the service started.
The city estimates that it will
cost about $70 million to have 18
ferries built. Once they are done,
the city plans to buy them from
Hornblower, which will operate
them for six years, with a possibility of renewing the contract for an
additional five years.
Ms. Glen said the city was employing “good, smart economics”
in deciding to own the boats. “If,
for some reason, Hornblower
doesn’t perform,” she said, the city
would either find another operator or run the system itself, as it
does for the Staten Island Ferry.
And, she added, “even if the service weren’t to be that successful,
the city will have hard assets” that
it could sell to recoup some of its
investment.
Before the service begins, Ms.
Torres-Springer hopes to find one
or more sponsors for it similar to
the Citi Bike bike-sharing program. But, she added, it would be
premature to call the ferries Citi
Boats.
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*Net effective rent
A20
N
Weather Report
Metropolitan Forecast
50s
V
Vanco
Vancouver
Va
Regina
L
70s
Seattle
a
Winnipeg
eg
Queb
eb
bec
c
60s
s
Helena
ena
5
50s
Bismarck
Billings
gs
s
60s
60s
90s
Des Moin
Moines
Cheyenn
enne
nne
e
90s
90
Kansas
Springfield
pringfield
ringfield
i
City
St. Louis
Topekk
ka
a
Colorado
olorad
Springs
pring
80s
100+
70s
7
0s
Phi
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Pi
ttsbu
urgh
h
Wash
Washington
ash
as
s
Richmond
chm
Louisville
le
N
Norfolk
k
Nashville
e
Albuquerque
querq
TOMORROW ..............................Partly sunny
High 80. The jet stream will drop south,
bringing an afternoon thunderstorm to the
northern and western suburbs. Clouds will
otherwise mix with sunshine. The humidity will remain low.
Ch
C
Cha
harlotte
90s
Memphis
Little Rock
80s
L
Raleigh
gh
Oklaho
oma City
o
100+
00
Pho
Phoenix
Charleston
C
es n
Wichita
Santa
anta Fe
e
Los
os Angeles
n
s
TONIGHT ................................Mostly cloudy
Low 63. Another storm system will drop
from the Midwest into the southern Middle Atlantic but should pass far enough to
the south for the night to remain dry.
Clouds will stream overhead. Temperatures will be typical for mid-June.
Har
Hartford
a
New York
N
L
Cleveland
Cle
evela
and
Chicago
o
80s
0
Denver
San
n Die
e o
ego
Albany
Indianapolis
i
s
San Fra
Francisco
co
Bos
Boston
B
Buffalo
Oma
Omaha
Salt Lake
City
M
Ma
Manchester
Detro
etroit
Siou
ioux
o Falls
Caspe
aspe
sper
Reno
Toronto
To
Milwaukkee
Pierre
Las
Las
Veg
Vegas
egas
Por
Portland
Burlington
n o
on
80s
S Paul 70s
Minneapo
M
n po
polis St.
70s
70s
70s
Otta
taw
tawa
Fargo
Bo
B
oise
o
Fresn
Fr
n
no
High 76. Clouds and a morning shower
will give way to sunshine in the afternoon
as a storm system departs the Middle
Atlantic. It will be cooler than yesterday,
with temperatures slightly below normal.
H
Halifax
Montreal
al
Columb
bia
Birmingham
m
Lubbock
Atlanta
Tucson
Dallas
El Paso
P
Ft. Worth
100+
00+
80
80s
90s
80s
Honolulu
70s
0s
Jackson
n
80s
100+
San Antonio
Tampa
a
90s
0
Corpus Christi
C
70s
90s
s
50s
Miami
Nassau
Monterrey
60s
0s
s
Weather patterns shown as expected at noon today, Eastern time.
TODAY’S HIGHS
Fairbanks
<0
70
0s
0s
10s
Anchorage
Anchorage
20s
H
Juneau
eau
COLD
WARM
STATIONARY COMPLEX
COLD
FRONTS
30s
40s
HIGH LOW
PRESSURE
MOSTLY
CLOUDY
L
JET STREAM
Record
heat
H
L
H
Heat
wave
Thunderstorms
Dangerous heat will be across the southern Plains to the Southwest this weekend.
High humidity will accompany the heat in the Plains. Thunderstorms will rumble
across the Gulf Coast states as well as parts of the Rockies and northern Plains.
Cities
High/low temperatures for the 16 hours ended at 4
p.m. yesterday, Eastern time, and precipitation (in
inches) for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
Expected conditions for today and tomorrow.
C ....................... Clouds
F ............................ Fog
H .......................... Haze
I............................... Ice
PC........... Partly cloudy
R ........................... Rain
Sh ................... Showers
United States
Albany
Albuquerque
Anchorage
Atlanta
Atlantic City
Austin
Baltimore
Baton Rouge
Birmingham
Boise
Boston
Buffalo
Burlington
Casper
Charlotte
Chattanooga
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Colorado Springs
Columbus
Concord, N.H.
Dallas-Ft. Worth
Denver
Des Moines
Detroit
El Paso
Fargo
Hartford
Honolulu
Houston
Indianapolis
Jackson
Jacksonville
Kansas City
Key West
Las Vegas
Lexington
Yesterday
84/ 62 0
82/ 61 0
84/ 56 0
83/ 52 0
82/ 56 0
86/ 61 0
85/ 56 0
83/ 57 0
S ............................. Sun
Sn ....................... Snow
SS......... Snow showers
T .......... Thunderstorms
Tr ........................ Trace
W ....................... Windy
–.............. Not available
Today
76/ 63 PC
77/ 60 PC
78/ 60 PC
80/ 55 PC
75/ 58 PC
77/ 62 PC
77/ 61 Sh
77/ 59 PC
Tomorrow
80/ 60 PC
75/ 56 PC
80/ 54 PC
76/ 51 T
75/ 55 PC
80/ 58 PC
81/ 56 PC
77/ 55 PC
Yesterday
Today
83/ 58 0
85/ 57 PC
93/ 60 0
92/ 60 S
70/ 55 0
73/ 57 PC
88/ 73 0.05 93/ 75 PC
75/ 64 0
68/ 64 Sh
97/ 74 0
96/ 74 PC
78/ 66 0.09 78/ 62 C
94/ 76 0.04 93/ 75 PC
86/ 73 0.07 95/ 76 PC
65/ 47 0
70/ 50 S
84/ 61 0
75/ 58 PC
84/ 62 0
82/ 60 T
81/ 55 0
81/ 54 S
83/ 52 0
85/ 48 S
90/ 71 0.10 93/ 71 PC
87/ 73 0.21 96/ 74 PC
92/ 67 0.20 76/ 61 PC
86/ 68 0.18 89/ 64 PC
87/ 69 0.04 83/ 65 T
90/ 56 0
91/ 57 S
82/ 69 0.09 85/ 65 T
82/ 50 0
85/ 51 S
95/ 77 0
96/ 77 S
89/ 57 0
90/ 56 S
96/ 68 0
91/ 67 S
83/ 66 0.09 80/ 63 T
101/ 70 0
101/ 71 S
74/ 56 0.30 84/ 64 S
87/ 59 0
85/ 57 PC
84/ 74 0.05 84/ 74 PC
97/ 75 0
94/ 75 PC
86/ 73 0.16 86/ 64 PC
93/ 76 0.09 96/ 74 PC
93/ 75 0
88/ 74 T
97/ 73 0
96/ 73 S
89/ 79 0.14 87/ 79 T
95/ 72 0
93/ 74 S
87/ 70 0.32 92/ 65 PC
Tomorrow
80/ 52 T
94/ 62 S
69/ 53 PC
95/ 71 T
73/ 60 R
97/ 75 PC
78/ 58 R
93/ 77 T
97/ 72 T
77/ 54 PC
69/ 56 PC
81/ 55 PC
79/ 54 PC
86/ 49 S
89/ 64 T
91/ 70 PC
80/ 59 PC
84/ 64 PC
80/ 60 PC
92/ 59 S
84/ 63 PC
78/ 50 T
98/ 77 S
91/ 59 S
89/ 65 S
84/ 59 PC
103/ 74 S
88/ 69 T
79/ 54 PC
83/ 73 C
93/ 74 PC
84/ 64 PC
96/ 73 T
95/ 73 PC
94/ 71 S
88/ 80 PC
98/ 76 S
82/ 65 PC
Little Rock
Los Angeles
Louisville
Memphis
Miami
Milwaukee
Mpls.-St. Paul
Nashville
New Orleans
Norfolk
Oklahoma City
Omaha
Orlando
Philadelphia
Phoenix
Pittsburgh
Portland, Me.
Portland, Ore.
Providence
Raleigh
Reno
Richmond
Rochester
Sacramento
Salt Lake City
San Antonio
San Diego
San Francisco
San Jose
San Juan
Seattle
Sioux Falls
Spokane
St. Louis
St. Thomas
Syracuse
Tampa
Toledo
Tucson
Tulsa
Virginia Beach
Washington
Wichita
Wilmington, Del.
Africa
Algiers
Cairo
Cape Town
Dakar
Johannesburg
Nairobi
Tunis
Asia/Pacific
Baghdad
Bangkok
Beijing
Damascus
Hong Kong
Jakarta
Jerusalem
Karachi
Manila
Mumbai
95/
74/
90/
93/
92/
82/
74/
93/
94/
85/
95/
99/
94/
82/
102/
87/
81/
63/
85/
88/
73/
85/
81/
72/
88/
97/
69/
66/
70/
91/
64/
87/
65/
98/
90/
81/
90/
88/
101/
98/
82/
82/
102/
76/
79
56
75
78
77
64
60
73
79
73
74
70
75
64
75
68
53
51
61
72
44
71
60
50
57
75
61
55
54
77
48
60
47
76
81
59
79
67
67
78
73
70
74
64
0.15 99/ 78 S
0
75/ 57 PC
0.30 95/ 68 PC
0.06 99/ 80 PC
0.87 90/ 77 T
0.23 70/ 59 R
0.30 79/ 63 PC
0.06 98/ 72 PC
0.05 94/ 79 T
0.04 85/ 70 PC
0.04 96/ 73 S
0
99/ 73 S
0.03 90/ 75 T
0
74/ 62 Sh
0
103/ 76 S
0
85/ 64 T
0
77/ 53 S
0.03 66/ 52 Sh
0
80/ 58 PC
0
92/ 70 PC
0.03 68/ 48 S
0
88/ 65 PC
0
82/ 57 T
0
73/ 53 PC
0
80/ 62 S
0
96/ 75 PC
0
71/ 63 PC
0
71/ 55 C
0
74/ 56 PC
0
90/ 78 S
0.01 66/ 49 PC
0
88/ 67 S
0
63/ 44 PC
0.21 99/ 72 S
0
90/ 81 S
0
83/ 58 PC
0
87/ 79 T
0.80 81/ 63 C
0
102/ 68 S
0.24 98/ 77 S
0.07 84/ 71 PC
0
82/ 66 PC
0
102/ 74 S
Tr
75/ 62 Sh
Yesterday
88/ 64 0
95/ 80 0
63/ 52 0.14
81/ 72 0
64/ 39 0
73/ 53 0
95/ 70 0
60s
SHOWERS T-STORMS
Showers
Very
warm
50s
70s
80s
90s
100+
L
Highlight: The Weekend Outlook
N.Y.C. region
New York City
Bridgeport
Caldwell
Danbury
Islip
Newark
Trenton
White Plains
Sunshine will return as high pressure
builds overhead. Expect a slightly warmer
afternoon. The humidity will stay low.
O ando
Orla
100+
1
0+
97/
79/
85/
97/
90/
77/
84/
87/
95/
77/
99/
94/
90/
80/
105/
81/
72/
69/
76/
84/
74/
74/
80/
80/
87/
96/
74/
70/
75/
89/
68/
90/
68/
90/
90/
80/
87/
83/
103/
97/
76/
77/
101/
81/
75
58
69
75
77
60
66
69
79
67
74
72
77
59
79
59
55
51
54
63
50
59
52
51
67
74
65
52
54
77
49
70
47
69
79
54
79
57
73
76
69
63
76
58
T
PC
PC
T
T
PC
PC
PC
T
R
T
S
T
PC
S
R
S
PC
PC
T
PC
R
PC
S
S
S
PC
S
S
PC
C
T
PC
S
PC
PC
T
PC
S
T
R
R
T
R
Today
80/ 56 Sh
94/ 71 S
59/ 45 PC
80/ 72 S
66/ 40 S
74/ 55 PC
91/ 69 PC
Tomorrow
81/ 58 PC
97/ 73 S
60/ 46 PC
80/ 72 S
63/ 42 S
73/ 58 T
84/ 68 S
Yesterday
Today
111/ 74 0
104/ 77 S
93/ 80 0.08 96/ 79 T
88/ 63 0
96/ 70 PC
99/ 64 0
95/ 60 S
93/ 83 0.14 90/ 83 T
85/ 76 0.47 88/ 76 T
89/ 64 0
79/ 63 S
93/ 84 0
99/ 83 S
91/ 81 0.08 95/ 78 PC
92/ 85 0.03 93/ 84 PC
Tomorrow
104/ 74 S
93/ 80 T
92/ 69 C
96/ 64 S
90/ 83 Sh
88/ 75 T
83/ 65 S
95/ 83 S
94/ 79 PC
91/ 84 PC
TODAY
S S M T W T F S S M
90°
Normal
highs
80°
70°
Normal
lows
SATURDAY ...............................Mostly sunny
90s
s
New
Orleans
Hou
ouston
100+
100+
H
Hilo
J
Jacksonville
Mo
Mobile
Baton
o Rouge
Record
highs
TODAY ....................Morning shower, cooler
50s
Spokan
Spokane
Portla
and
Eugen
ene
Meteorology by AccuWeather
RAIN
FLURRIES
SNOW
ICE
PRECIPITATION
60°
SUNDAY
MONDAY ........................Sunny and warmer
High pressure will provide sunshine on
Sunday and Monday. Temperatures will
continue to rise, reaching a high of 86 on
Sunday. A high of 90 is expected on
Monday, the first day of summer.
50°
Actual
High
Low
National Forecast
Metropolitan Almanac
Much of New England will remain dry
today, despite increasing clouds in some
areas. Showers and thunderstorms are
forecast from the Great Lakes to the
Middle Atlantic, southern Atlantic and
northeastern Gulf Coast.
While a brief heavy downpour or gusty
wind may develop anywhere in this area,
storms from the upper Ohio Valley to the
central Appalachians and the Shenandoah Valley have the greatest potential to
turn severe with strong winds, frequent
lightning strikes, hail and flash flooding.
Much of the Plains will be hot and humid,
with the most extreme conditions over
the southern High Plains.
The Southwest will be seasonable
today before record-challenging heat
builds this weekend. The Northwest will
be cool, with clouds and scattered rain.
In Central Park for the 16 hours ended at 4 p.m. yesterday.
New Delhi
Riyadh
Seoul
Shanghai
Singapore
Sydney
Taipei
Tehran
Tokyo
Europe
Amsterdam
Athens
Berlin
Brussels
Budapest
Copenhagen
Dublin
Edinburgh
Frankfurt
Geneva
Helsinki
Istanbul
Kiev
Lisbon
London
Madrid
Moscow
Nice
Oslo
Paris
Prague
Rome
St. Petersburg
Stockholm
Vienna
Warsaw
101/
106/
75/
88/
88/
68/
95/
96/
72/
80
79
63
74
81
47
77
69
67
0.21 102/ 82 S
0
109/ 82 S
0.32 77/ 65 S
0.41 83/ 70 C
0.58 87/ 76 T
0
70/ 54 PC
0.04 96/ 79 C
0
95/ 76 S
0.10 76/ 70 R
Yesterday
63/ 54 0.54
90/ 69 0
66/ 54 0.46
64/ 54 0.37
70/ 56 0.34
70/ 58 0.14
63/ 50 0.13
61/ 49 0.51
66/ 53 0.56
72/ 51 0.06
72/ 45 0
79/ 68 0.12
70/ 60 0.24
68/ 60 0.24
64/ 53 0.18
73/ 57 0.06
73/ 50 0
69/ 64 0.33
60/ 51 0.45
70/ 53 0.28
68/ 54 0.20
77/ 63 0
74/ 45 0.01
72/ 46 0
70/ 57 0.30
77/ 53 0
Today
68/ 55 T
90/ 72 S
74/ 58 PC
67/ 54 T
85/ 64 PC
65/ 58 T
61/ 51 Sh
56/ 48 Sh
69/ 56 T
63/ 52 R
66/ 50 T
81/ 69 S
79/ 61 T
70/ 58 PC
65/ 53 T
71/ 51 PC
74/ 63 C
73/ 61 R
72/ 57 R
65/ 53 T
74/ 58 T
86/ 64 W
76/ 59 R
59/ 51 R
81/ 66 T
79/ 64 PC
104/
107/
82/
86/
85/
68/
91/
96/
82/
86
79
66
73
77
56
80
72
71
PC
S
S
PC
T
PC
T
S
S
Tomorrow
66/ 54 T
94/ 77 PC
66/ 55 R
66/ 52 T
88/ 58 T
66/ 58 R
61/ 46 PC
57/ 43 C
67/ 54 T
67/ 52 T
67/ 55 PC
85/ 70 S
84/ 67 PC
72/ 58 PC
65/ 52 T
74/ 52 PC
78/ 61 PC
75/ 62 PC
74/ 58 PC
67/ 54 T
69/ 54 PC
78/ 60 PC
74/ 63 C
68/ 51 C
77/ 59 S
85/ 57 T
North America
Acapulco
Bermuda
Edmonton
Guadalajara
Havana
Kingston
Martinique
Mexico City
Monterrey
Montreal
Nassau
Panama City
Quebec City
Santo Domingo
Toronto
Vancouver
Winnipeg
Yesterday
86/ 77 2.21
80/ 72 0
64/ 42 0
80/ 63 0
91/ 70 0.15
91/ 79 0.35
88/ 79 0
77/ 57 0
94/ 69 0
81/ 57 0
95/ 76 0.05
90/ 73 0.14
75/ 53 0
88/ 75 0.05
75/ 53 0
56/ 50 Tr
73/ 60 0
Today
88/ 79 T
81/ 75 PC
61/ 44 PC
82/ 64 T
88/ 75 PC
92/ 78 S
86/ 76 PC
74/ 55 T
99/ 75 PC
81/ 57 S
90/ 77 PC
89/ 76 T
70/ 48 S
89/ 72 PC
78/ 60 PC
60/ 50 PC
85/ 62 S
Tomorrow
89/ 79 T
81/ 75 Sh
63/ 42 PC
84/ 63 T
89/ 74 PC
91/ 78 PC
87/ 77 PC
74/ 52 T
97/ 73 PC
79/ 59 PC
92/ 77 PC
89/ 75 T
78/ 51 S
89/ 73 PC
81/ 62 PC
65/ 51 C
83/ 62 PC
South America
Buenos Aires
Caracas
Lima
Quito
Recife
Rio de Janeiro
Santiago
Yesterday
63/ 39 0
90/ 78 0.12
68/ 62 0
72/ 51 0
84/ 73 0.02
75/ 60 0
57/ 41 0
Today
58/ 39 PC
88/ 77 PC
72/ 61 PC
73/ 50 PC
84/ 73 PC
76/ 61 S
68/ 43 PC
Tomorrow
59/ 38 S
88/ 78 PC
73/ 61 PC
70/ 49 R
84/ 75 PC
79/ 64 S
69/ 40 S
Temperature
Record
high 96°
(1994)
84°
2 p.m.
Normal
high 79°
80°
70°
Normal
low 64°
Low
62°
6 a.m.
TUE.
Record
low 48°
(1933)
YESTERDAY
12
a.m.
6
a.m.
Avg. daily departure
from normal
this month ............. +0.3°
Yesterday ............... 0.00
Record .................... 1.13
For the last 30 days
Actual ..................... 3.78
Normal .................... 4.55
For the last 365 days
Actual ................... 39.49
Normal .................. 49.91
LAST 30 DAYS
Air pressure
Humidity
High ........... 30.02 8 a.m.
Low ............ 29.89 4 p.m.
High ............. 59% 6 a.m.
Low.............. 23% 2 p.m.
Cooling Degree Days
An index of fuel consumption that tracks how
far the day’s mean temperature rose above 65
60°
4
p.m.
Record
lows
Precipitation (in inches)
90°
50°
Forecast
range
High
12
4
p.m. p.m.
Avg. daily departure
from normal
this year ................ +2.1°
Reservoir levels (New York City water supply)
Yesterday ..................................................................... 8
So far this month ........................................................ 81
So far this season (since January 1)........................ 200
Normal to date for the season ................................. 148
Trends
Last
Temperature
Average
Below
Above
Precipitation
Average
Below
Above
10 days
30 days
90 days
365 days
Chart shows how recent temperature and precipitation
trends compare with those of the last 30 years.
Yesterday ............... 97%
Est. normal ............. 97%
Recreational Forecast
Sun, Moon and Planets
Beach and Ocean Temperatures
Full
Last Quarter
New
First Quarter
June 20
7:03 a.m.
June 27
July 4
7:02 a.m.
July 11
Today’s forecast
Sun
RISE
SET
NEXT R
Jupiter
R
S
Saturn
S
R
5:24 a.m.
8:30 p.m.
5:24 a.m.
11:54 a.m.
12:49 a.m.
4:49 a.m.
7:13 p.m.
Moon
S
R
S
Mars
S
R
Venus
R
S
3:09 a.m.
4:56 p.m.
3:43 a.m.
3:28 a.m.
5:57 p.m.
5:35 a.m.
8:42 p.m.
Boating
From Montauk Point to Sandy Hook, N.J., out to 20
nautical miles, including Long Island Sound and New
York Harbor.
Wind variable, then southeast at 4-8 knots. Waves will
be around 2 feet and a foot or less on Long Island
Sound and New York Harbor. Visibility will be under 3
miles in morning showers.
High Tides
Atlantic City ................... 5:18 a.m. .............. 5:50 p.m.
Barnegat Inlet ................ 5:30 a.m. .............. 5:59 p.m.
The Battery .................... 6:14 a.m. .............. 6:41 p.m.
Beach Haven ................. 6:52 a.m. .............. 7:24 p.m.
Bridgeport ..................... 9:18 a.m. .............. 9:34 p.m.
City Island .................... 10:03 a.m. ............ 10:15 p.m.
Fire Island Lt. ................. 6:20 a.m. .............. 6:52 p.m.
Montauk Point ................ 7:05 a.m. .............. 7:23 p.m.
Northport ....................... 9:41 a.m. .............. 9:52 p.m.
Port Washington .......... 10:09 a.m. ............ 10:19 p.m.
Sandy Hook ................... 5:34 a.m. .............. 6:06 p.m.
Shinnecock Inlet ............ 5:20 a.m. .............. 5:46 p.m.
Stamford ........................ 9:21 a.m. .............. 9:37 p.m.
Tarrytown ....................... 8:03 a.m. .............. 8:30 p.m.
Willets Point ................. 10:00 a.m. ............ 10:11 p.m.
Kennebunkport
72/53 Mostly sunny
Cape Cod
75/54 Clouds mixing with sun
50s
L.I. North Shore
77/59 A passing morning shower
L.I. South Shore
72/60 A morning shower
N.J. Shore
68/64 A couple of showers
Eastern Shore
60s
70s
Ocean City Md.
Virginia Beach
84/71 An afternoon thunderstorm
Color bands
indicate water
temperature.
Dry conditions and low humidity will
continue across the New England
beaches today, with a partly to mostly
sunny sky. Showers and thunderstorms
are expected along the Mid-Atlantic
beaches. It will be humid in the south.
Highs will range from the 60s along the
Maine beaches to the 80s in Virginia.
THE NEW YORK TIMES NEW YORK THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
A21
N
With Huge Crane, Rockefeller U. Starts Expanding Its Campus Over Busy Highway
By SAMANTHA SCHMIDT
When the Rockefeller University in Manhattan wanted to expand its campus, it bumped up
against the same problem other
developers in the jam-packed city
face: a lack of space.
Crammed hard against the
Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive from
62nd Street to 68th Street on the
Upper East Side, the university
had limited space for new construction and no real estate was
available on any edge of its property. So the university looked
again to its border with the F.D.R.
Drive, and building over it became
the best option, said Timothy
O’Connor, the executive vice president of Rockefeller.
“This is the only way that the
acreage of the university was going to expand,” Mr. O’Connor said.
“It was the most creative approach.”
The $500 million project, called
the Stavros Niarchos FoundationDavid Rockefeller River Campus
initiative, will straddle the busy
highway and will include adding a
two-story building as well as two
acres to the 14-acre campus. The
university also plans to repair the
sea wall along the East River and
improve the public esplanade adjacent to the campus, according to
its website.
“It’s a very challenging
project,” Mr. O’Connor said. “It
gets everyone’s creative juices
flowing.”
He said Rafael Viñoly Architects, the firm working on the
project, designed a building that is
BENJAMIN NORMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A crane moving the first of several structures into place above the Franklin D. Roosevelt Drive on
Manhattan early on Wednesday as part of the Rockefeller University’s $500 million expansion.
“utterly anti-New York” because
it is horizontal, not vertical. The
horizontal structure should encourage collaboration between
laboratories and faculty members, he said.
With fewer points of support
than a traditional vertical structure, building over the F.D.R.
Drive was more expensive and
technically
challenging,
Mr.
Viñoly said.
“How do you create a significant expansion in a place like
Manhattan?” Mr. Viñoly said. “It’s
a clever way of dealing with the
question of having a very limited
footprint on the island.”
Building over the highway
meant taking advantage of the air
rights, which the university has
owned since 1973, and represents
a “new frontier in the world of development and construction” especially in New York, said Curt Zegler, the project executive for
Turner Construction, which is
working on the expansion. With
rising demand for real estate and
scarce access to land, Mr. Zegler
said developers often looked to
use a property’s air rights.
On Wednesday morning, the
first of 19 metal structures was
hoisted from the East River and
placed onto three columns over
the F.D.R. Drive. The structure,
weighing 800,000 pounds, was
lifted by the Chesapeake 1000, the
largest marine crane based on the
East Coast.
Scientists peered through laboratory windows, and university
staff members snapped photos
from rooftops as they watched the
floating crane work.
“The east skyline of New York
City is completely changing,” said
David Moskovich, 21, an intern
with Lehrer L.L.C., a construction
consulting firm for the project. He
was among 25 people perched on a
campus rooftop.
“The whole thing is a feat in
modern
engineering,”
Mr.
Moskovich said.
The yellow, red and white boom
on the Chesapeake 1000 can reach
as high as a 21-story building and
carry up to two million pounds.
The heaviest metal structures for
this project weigh 1.5 million
pounds, Mr. Zegler said.
The Chesapeake 1000, which
was built in 1972 and is owned by
Donjon Marine of Hillside, N.J.,
was used more than 20 years ago
for another project over the F.D.R.
Drive at NewYork-Presbyterian
Hospital, Mr. Zegler said.
Hoping to minimize traffic
problems, the 50-foot-wide prefabricated structures will be
transported by barge from Keas-
Anger Over Tainted Water
Sends Villagers to Albany
By JESSE McKINLEY
ALBANY — The residents of
Hoosick Falls came to the State
Capitol on Wednesday with the
numbers hung around their
necks, scribbled on their arms,
and described on hand-drawn
posters:
“Dad, 68.”
“Grandma, 85.”
“Teacher, 137.”
The numbers represented how
much a toxic chemical, measured
in parts per billion, has infiltrated
their bodies as it has contaminated their village’s water.
Located about 30 miles northeast of Albany, Hoosick Falls has
been the epicenter for growing
statewide concerns about perfluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA, the
toxic chemical that has been
linked in some studies to increased risk for cancer and other
serious ailments.
Last year, PFOA was confirmed
in dangerously high levels in the
village’s drinking water, which
comes from municipal wells. Late
January, more than a month after
a federal warning about the water,
Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo ordered
the installation of new filtration
systems, blood testing, and other
measures.
In recent weeks, those in and
around Hoosick Falls have been
receiving the blood test results,
and the news, for some, has been
troubling: On Wednesday, several
who came to Albany reported test
levels as much as 100 times the national average. Such results have
reignited fears in Hoosick Falls,
and infuriated residents like
Loreen Hackett, who denounced
Mr. Cuomo and the state’s reac-
tion, particularly in light of other
water contamination crises in
places like Flint, Mich.
“We are his Flint,” said Ms.
Hackett, holding a photograph of
her grandchildren, Corey and
Alyssa, both of whom tested at
more than 50 times the national
average.
Moments after she spoke, Ms.
Hackett and others from Hoosick
Falls were invited to an hourlong
meeting with Jim Malatras, the
state’s director of operations, who
has headed much of the state’s response to the PFOA crisis. Afterward, several residents expressed
gratitude for the meeting, which
resulted in promises to disclose
more results from testing, and
bringing staff to Hoosick Falls
from Mount Sinai Hospital in
Manhattan to consult with
residents.
Left unfulfilled, however, was a
wish for legislative hearings on
the state’s reaction to the contamination, even as the Legislature
prepares to wrap up its session for
the year on Thursday. (Mr.
Cuomo, a Democrat, was not
available to meet with residents,
according to his office, because of
meetings with legislative leaders.)
The decision not to hold hearings earned the derision of State
Assemblyman Steve McLaughlin,
whose district includes Hoosick
Falls and who has criticized the
State Senate majority leader, John
J. Flanagan, a fellow Republican.
And while Mr. McLaughlin
thanked Mr. Cuomo’s office for the
meeting on Wednesday, he did not
ease up on Senator Flanagan, who
he said was ignoring the plight of
children in the village.
About 20 minutes later, the
F.D.R. Drive was closed to traffic
and the Chesapeake 1000 began to
rotate the metal structure 90 degrees, perpendicular to the F.D.R.
Drive, and placed it on three
columns.
The construction began in September and is expected to be completed in 2019.
The F.D.R. Drive will be closed
from 12:30 to 4:30 a.m. for each lift
operation, between 61st and 96th
Streets, in both directions. The
East River Esplanade will be
closed to pedestrian traffic between 63rd and 71st Streets. The
Transportation Department offers alternate routes on its website.
By KIM BARKER
NATHANIEL BROOKS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Residents of Hoosick Falls, N.Y., at the State Capitol on Wednesday. One person denounced the
response by Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo’s administration to the crisis, saying, “We are his Flint.”
“How do you look at them and
not have hearings?” he said.
Scott Reif, a spokesman for Mr.
Flanagan, said that “our primary
focus is on ensuring that the
progress that has been made on
behalf of the residents of Hoosick
Falls continues,” and that he had
been in almost daily contact with
the local state senator, Kathy Marchione, about Hoosick Falls.
Michael Whyland, a spokesman
for the Assembly speaker, Carl E.
Heastie, a Democrat, said that the
primary concern was getting
clean water, but that “if hearings
are warranted in the future then
we can do that.”
The State Health Department
in early June found that the median number for 2,081 residents who
were tested was a little more than
28 parts per billion, or nearly 15
times the national median for
those 12 or older.
Hoosick Falls was once a center
for production of products treated
with Teflon, whose production involves PFOA. The state has said
that a local plant — Saint-Gobain
Performance Plastics — was the
source of the contamination. The
company has said it is cooperating
with the authorities, and paid for a
new carbon-filtration system and
bottled water for the village.
Mr. Cuomo declared the village
a state Superfund site in January,
but was also criticized for not visiting Hoosick Falls until midMarch, when that system became
operational. On Wednesday, Mr.
Malatras defended the adminis-
By SAM ROBERTS
VIA THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
NATHANIEL BROOKS FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
George Washington was once reportedly chided for violating the Sunday blue law against
traveling. Beers in the Legislative Office Building in Albany on Tuesday, part of a lobbying effort.
“There shall be no traveling,
servile laboring and working,
shooting, fishing, sporting, playing, horse racing, hunting, or frequenting of tippling houses,” a
1695 statute declared, “or the use
of any other unlawful exercises or
pastimes, by any of the inhabitants or sojourners within
this province, or by any of their
slaves or servants, on the Lord’s
Day.”
Violators were subject to a sixshilling fine or three hours, comparable to the length of a religious
service, in the stocks. (Virginia,
though, provided for the death
penalty for third offenders.)
Dominated by Republican
Protestants from upstate, New
York’s Legislature fancied itself
the enforcer of morality against
Hoisting 19 metal
structures off an
East River barge and
onto the F.D.R. Drive.
Ex-Operator
Of Flophouses
Faces New Set
Of Charges
tration’s response and noted that
“the Legislature deals with legislative hearings.”
But he also seemed sympathetic to the village’s residents. “In
any situation like this anxiety and
emotions are running very high,”
he said.
Before their meeting with Mr.
Malatras, one resident, MaryAnn
Jacobs, was in tears talking about
test results, showing her children’s levels at more than 20 times
the national median. Her 10-yearold daughter, Hailey, wrote a letter
to the governor; it read, in part:
“My mom came to Hoosick Falls
for a good reason, but now she
knows the whole time she was trying to raise us we were being poisoned. She feels it’s her fault. But
it’s not her fault.”
Alcohol, Guns and Golf: The Long History of Blue Laws in New York
Legend has it that in 1789,
George Washington, the nation’s
newly elected president, was riding on horseback from Connecticut to New York when he was detained by a local official for violating the Sunday “blue law” ban
against traveling. The president
supposedly got off with just a reprimand after explaining that he
was on his way to church.
Under a bill that the New York
State Legislature and Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo agreed to this
week, instead of attending
services Washington could have
headed to Manhattan and legally
had a Bloody Mary for brunch. Alcohol sales at restaurants and
bars, now banned from 4 a.m. until
noon on Sundays, would be allowed, beginning at 10 a.m.
Once again, the Almighty Dollar has intruded on a worshipful
tradition that dates from at least
A.D. 321, when Constantine, the
first Christian emperor of Rome,
proclaimed that “all judges, city
people and craftsmen shall rest on
the venerable day of the Sun.”
The Puritans in Virginia and
New England transplanted the
Sabbatarian tradition to America
(they bound their religious laws in
blue books, which might account
for the blue law label).
To boost churchgoing, the otherwise indifferent Dutch burgomasters followed suit in New Amsterdam in 1656. The British incorporated the constraints on commerce and recreation on Sundays
into the colonial laws of New York.
bey, N.J., and lifted one by one
onto the building’s foundation, Mr.
Zegler said. Moving the structures over the highway will be
done during overnight hours this
summer.
At 12:15 a.m. on Wednesday, the
crane raised the metal structure
about 30 feet in the air, and the
barge moved out from under it
and headed back to Keasbey.
New York City and its wards overflowing with poor immigrants
who were prone to vice and happened to vote Democratic.
The state’s Penal Code sternly
declared, “The first day of the
week being by general consent set
apart for rest and religious uses,
the law prohibits the doing on that
day of certain acts hereinafter
specified, which are serious interruptions of the repose and religious liberty of the community.”
Later, bowing to Judaism and
other religions, a Sabbath violator
was permitted to escape prosecution if he regularly kept “another
day of the week as holy time and
does not labor on that day.”
What better way to temper behavior than to deprive the mob of
the devil’s brew — leaving no al-
ternative on hot summer Sundays
but “warm Croton water,” as
William Steinway, the piano magnate, complained on behalf of his
fellow German-Americans.
But from the beginning, blue
laws were honored more in the
breach than the observance.
Even Constantine’s included an
exception for countrymen tending
to agriculture. If farmers were the
first special interests to successfully lobby for an exemption, popular cafes serving brunch and
bars broadcasting soccer from
abroad on Sunday mornings are
merely the latest.
In 1907, Assemblyman Alfred E.
Smith of Manhattan, seeking to legalize Sunday baseball, argued
that it was more ennobling for
young men to watch a game at an
open-air ballpark than to “be driven to places where they play
‘Waltz Me Around Again, Willie.’”
By 1919, baseball was permitted
by local option. In 1937, bowling
was allowed. In 1949, the Legislature decriminalized football, basketball and soccer after 2 p.m. In
1952, bans on stock car racing, circuses, hunting and golf were
lifted. In 1973, Sunday horse racing was legalized.
The United States Supreme
Court upheld Sunday closing laws
in principle, ruling that a common
day of rest could be considered in
the public interest. But while labor
unions and mom-and-pop retail
stores opposed Sunday openings,
big chain stores and customers
seemed
amenable.
(Bergen
County, N.J., remains the sole major holdout in the country.)
Absent specific complaints, in
1971 the New York City police
stopped enforcing the blue laws
altogether. The number of summonses plunged from 25,000 in
1970 to fewer than 2,000 in 1972.
With state lawmakers legalizing casino gambling, justifying
blue laws as an inducement to
churchgoing has become more
difficult. Everyone agrees that
New Yorkers deserve a rest on
Sunday, but, as Mayor Fiorello H.
La Guardia said, they could define
it for themselves. He advocated
that they enjoy the freedom “to attend church if they so desire and
to occupy themselves during the
remainder of the day in the lawful
recreation best suited to afford
them the most complete rest possible.”
A former operator of flophouses
who was profiled in an investigation last year by The New York
Times is facing additional criminal charges that he defrauded tenants and illegally evicted them,
prosecutors said.
Yury Baumblit, 65, and an assistant, Edwin Elie, 42, were arraigned in State Supreme Court in
Brooklyn on Wednesday on felony
charges of scheming to defraud
and misdemeanor charges of unlawful eviction and criminal contempt. The most serious charges
against them could result in up to
four years in prison.
For years, Mr. Baumblit, whose
company was called Back on
Track, ran so-called three-quarter
houses, seen as something between regulated halfway houses
and actual homes, that cater to addicts, poor people and the
mentally
ill.
The unregulated homes are
typically
crammed with
bunk beds, and
are often rundown,
with
mold, blocked
Yury Baumblit exits and bed
bugs. After The
Times’s investigation, New York
City formed a task force to crack
down on the homes, which have
multiplied in recent years.
On Wednesday, the Brooklyn
district attorney, Ken Thompson,
accused Mr. Baumblit and Mr. Elie
of not having the necessary court
orders when they evicted more
than 10 residents who had lived in
the homes for more than a month.
Mr. Baumblit and Mr. Elie were accused of putting residents’ belongings outside, removing their mattresses, breaking stoves and locking the doors to prevent people
from getting inside — actions also
documented by The Times.
“These defendants are charged
with taking advantage of vulnerable New Yorkers who were in need
of assistance,” Mr. Thompson
said. “They provided them with
the opposite — allegedly evicting
these tenants unlawfully.”
Mr. Baumblit also required tenants to attend certain outpatient
treatment centers to be able to
live in his network of homes, according to former residents and
employees. In a separate case
brought by the New York State attorney general’s office, Mr. Baumblit and his wife, Rimma, were indicted in May on money laundering and Medicaid fraud charges,
because the outpatient providers
were suspected of paying companies run by the Baumblits more
than $2 million in Medicaid kickbacks in return for clients. Those
charges are punishable by up to 15
years in prison. Mr. Elie was not
charged in that case.
Both Mr. Baumblit and Mr. Elie
pleaded not guilty on Wednesday.
Mr. Baumblit remained in jail on a
$500,000 bond, or $300,000 cash,
for the attorney general’s charges.
Mr. Elie was freed on bail.
“As for Mr. Elie, the charges
against him are baseless,” said
Howard Tanner, Mr. Elie’s lawyer.
“I think the facts when they come
out will show that he is not guilty.”
A lawyer for Mr. Baumblit did
not respond to a message seeking
comment.
A22
THE NEW YORK TIMES EDITORIALS/LETTERS THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
A Massacre’s Political Reverberations
TO THE EDITOR:
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER JR., Publisher, Chairman
Founded in 1851
ADOLPH S. OCHS
ARTHUR HAYS SULZBERGER
ORVIL E. DRYFOOS
ARTHUR OCHS SULZBERGER
Publisher 1896-1935
Publisher 1935-1961
Publisher 1961-1963
Publisher 1963-1992
The N.R.A.’s Complicity in Terrorism
“America is absolutely awash with easily obtainable
firearms,” one spokesman for Al Qaeda said in a 2011 recruitment video. “So what are you waiting for?”
Few places on earth make it easier than the United
States for a terrorist to buy assault weapons to mow down
scores of people in a matter of minutes. The horrific massacre in Orlando last weekend is only the latest example.
And all this is made vastly easier by a gun lobby that has
blocked sensible safety measures at every turn, and by
members of Congress who seem to pledge greater allegiance to the firearms industry than to their own constituencies. There is a word for their role in this form of terrorism: complicity.
On Wednesday, Senate Democrats began a filibuster
to force a vote on gun-control legislation. If Congress is serious about the threat of terrorists using guns, there are
several steps it can take right away.
First, support reasonable efforts to close the so-called
terror gap, which would make it harder for suspected terrorists to get their hands on a gun. In December, Congress
considered legislation by Senator Dianne Feinstein, a
Democrat, and Representative Peter King, a Republican,
that would have given the F.B.I. the ability to prevent gun
sales to people it had reason to believe might be connected
to terrorism. The bill was based on a Bush administration
proposal, and versions of it have been pushed for years,
but Republicans on Capitol Hill, beholden to the National
Rifle Association and other gun-rights organizations,
voted it down.
This would be inexplicable under normal circumstances, but now that the Islamic State has openly called
on lone-wolf attackers to take their war to the streets of
America, it is a full-blown national-security hazard. All
those attackers need to do is to buy a gun and swear allegiance to ISIS’ death cult. At least some of them are or
have been under F.B.I. investigation, including Omar Mateen, the Orlando killer. If a law like Senator Feinstein’s
were in place, authorities would have at least a chance of
stopping aspiring terrorists from buying weapons.
Some critics say the government’s terror watch lists
sweep up far too many innocent people. But the Feinstein
bill allowed law enforcement officials to block a sale only
after showing that a prospective gun buyer on the watch
list was known or suspected to be involved in terrorism. If
blocked, the person could challenge that denial in federal
court. (A competing bill introduced by Senator John
Cornyn, a Republican, would give authorities only three
days to prove that a suspect is about to commit an act of
terrorism — a nearly impossible standard to meet.)
Other effective measures include universal background checks to intercept people who are legally barred
from gun ownership, like those convicted of domestic
abuse and the mentally ill; and limits on magazine capacity, which some states have already enacted. Mr. Mateen
was able to kill 49 people largely because the assault rifle
he was using could fire 30-round clips as fast as he could
pull the trigger. No civilian anywhere should be allowed to
have that ability.
What makes the legislative inaction all the more maddening is that there is general public agreement in favor of
attempts like these to reduce the bloodshed. An overwhelming majority of Americans — including gun owners
and even N.R.A. members — support universal background checks, while strong majorities want to block sales
to suspected terrorists and ban high-capacity magazines.
And yet the N.R.A. rejects these steps, even though it
says that terrorists shouldn’t be able to get guns. Instead,
it clings to the absurd fantasy that a heavily-armed populace is the best way to keep Americans safe. That failed in
Orlando, where an armed security guard was on the scene
but could not stop the slaughter.
Most of the rest of the world figured this out long ago.
But in the United States, the gun industry and its enablers
continue to insist that the only solution is more guns, and
more bullets flying.
The gun industry lobbyists may be beyond reason,
but the lawmakers have a duty to respond to their
constituents. Unfortunately, after each new massacre, far
too many offer nothing more than condolences and moments of silence. That silence is killing us.
President Obama is correct that Donald Trump’s rhetoric is dangerous, but
Mr. Trump is right about one thing. After
every terrorism act with Islamic roots,
Mr. Obama’s immediate reaction is to
spend more time chastising Republicans
and conservatives about what he sees as
their demonization of and discrimination
against all Muslims than he does denouncing the terrorists themselves.
Even as Mr. Obama takes great pains
not to define Islam with sweeping labels,
he stereotypes the American political
right as filled with actual and potential
discriminators. In historical terms, Mr.
Obama implies that Republicans are always just one incident away from rounding up Muslims the way Franklin D.
Roosevelt, a Democrat, once rounded up
Japanese-Americans, while Mr. Obama
himself and his fellow Democrats of today are of course far more enlightened
than that.
It is true, as Mr. Obama says, that
some terrorists have used Mr. Trump’s
words as a recruitment tool, as does the
Democratic Party for that matter. One
wonders if continually linking Mr.
Trump’s talk to terrorist recruitment
only goads the terrorists into exploiting
it further.
MARK R. GODBURN
North Canaan, Conn.
Re “Old Political Tactic Is Revived:
Exploiting Fear, Not Easing It” (front
page, June 15):
Donald Trump fulminates repeatedly
against President Obama’s and Hillary
Clinton’s reluctance to use the terms
“radical Islam” or “extremist radical Islam” in the national conversation on terrorism. We know that for many decades
the Ku Klux Klan burned homes and
churches and brutalized and murdered
black Americans. They often did this under the sign of burning crosses and in the
name of Christianity.
I wonder if Mr. Trump and his
supporters feel it would be accurate, politically appropriate and socially helpful to
designate the Klan as “radical Christians” and their hateful ideology as
“extremist Christianity.”
ANDREW LEAF
Rockville Centre, N.Y.
TO THE EDITOR:
My wife and I, visiting Paris, were
watching a CNN panel covering the Orlando tragedy. The final panelist observed that if there were to be a second
terrorist attack, it would have “a profound effect on the presidential election.”
Really?
Here in Paris there have been two attacks carried out in the last year and a
half by highly coordinated, multiple gunmen directly ordered by Islamic terrorist
groups. While the French are highly critical of their overwhelmingly unpopular
president, François Hollande, blaming
him for almost everything else, no one
blames him for these attacks.
Will the actions of a single, likely disturbed, self-radicalized lone wolf actually determine whom we will elect to
be our next president?
MAURICE NELSON Jr.
Paris
TO THE EDITOR:
“How Trump Stands to Gain by Focusing on Gun Control” (The Upshot,
nytimes.com, June 15) should be a warning to Hillary Clinton about treading
carefully, as there’s a land mine in her
path. One possible direction for her
would be to talk about gun control only in
the related contexts of national security
and terrorism.
Mrs. Clinton needs to reassure lawabiding gun owners that she’s on their
side when it comes to being strong on national security and protecting Americans against “the bad guys.” She needs to
lay her own land mines along Mr.
Trump’s path, letting him walk into the
terrorism trap and show that he will
make things far worse. MARK BLOCK
Maplewood, N.J.
Women’s Wariness of the Risks of Osteoporosis Drugs
TO THE EDITOR:
MARINA MUUN
reporters with credentials are penned up and serve as an
occasional target of his mockery.
Mr. Trump’s annoyance is not without precedent.
Presidents have often sparred with the press, some have
found ways to retaliate, and all seek in one way or another
to control the political story line or duck cross-examination. Hillary Clinton, Mr. Trump’s likely Democratic opponent, has not held a news conference in months.
Yet the sheer breadth and recklessness of Mr. Trump’s
attacks reveal dark impulses that would not bode well for
First Amendment freedoms in a Trump presidency. If
elected, Mr. Trump vows to “open up” American libel laws,
making it easier to sue reporters — a weapon of intimidation he deploys liberally in business. He requires campaign staff members to sign nondisclosure agreements; in
government, these could be used to go after federal whistle-blowers and any reporters they contact.
Indeed, the very idea of the press as the independent
eyes and ears of the public seems foreign to him. Witness
his bizarre assertion that Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s founder
and the owner of The Washington Post, was using The
Post as a “political lobbyist” so that Amazon could avoid
taxes and lawsuits “for monopolistic tendencies.”
More generally, Mr. Trump’s media-bashing seems
another instance of his targeting entire groups for criticism and control — yet another broadside of the sort he
has already launched at Mexicans and Muslims. The
world according to Donald Trump gets smaller by the day.
Visa Abuses Harm American Workers
There is no doubt that H-1B visas — temporary work
permits for specially talented foreign professionals — are
instead being used by American employers to replace
American workers with cheaper foreign labor. Abbott Laboratories, the health care conglomerate based in Illinois,
recently became the latest large American company to use
the visas in this way, following the lead of other employers,
including Southern California Edison, Northeast Utilities
(now Eversource Energy), Disney, Toys “R” Us and New
York Life.
The visas are supposed to be used only to hire collegeeducated foreigners in “specialty occupations” requiring
“highly specialized knowledge,” and only when such hiring will not depress prevailing wages. But in many cases,
laid-off American workers have been required to train
their lower-paid replacements.
Lawmakers from both parties have denounced the
visa abuse, but it is increasingly widespread, mainly because of loopholes in the law. For example, in most instances, companies that hire H-1B workers are not required to recruit Americans before hiring from overseas.
Similarly, companies are able to skirt the rules for using
H-1B workers by outsourcing the actual hiring of those
workers to Tata, Infosys and other temporary staffing
firms, mostly based in India.
Criticism of the visa process has been muted, and reform has moved slowly, partly because laid-off American
workers — mostly tech employees replaced by Indian
TO THE EDITOR:
TO THE EDITOR:
Donald Trump’s Media Blacklist
Few public figures have more avidly tended their relationships with the media than Donald Trump. For four
decades he has courted the press to promote himself and
his enterprises. Yet when the coverage doesn’t go his way,
he can retaliate with lawsuits and childish fits of pique.
As the presumptive Republican presidential nominee,
and quite possibly a future leader of the free world, Mr.
Trump might reasonably have been expected to seek a
more evolved relationship with the fourth estate. Far from
it. Beyond his regular Twitter blasts against reporters or
commentators or outlets that displease him, he is accumulating a lengthy blacklist of news organizations banned
from covering his campaign events. He recently added
The Washington Post to a group that already included Foreign Policy, Univision, The New Hampshire Union Leader,
The Des Moines Register, The Daily Beast, The Huffington
Post, Fusion, BuzzFeed News and Gawker. The Post’s sin
was a headline suggesting that Mr. Trump had insinuated
that President Obama was complicit in the Orlando shooting. Mr. Trump did indeed imply that, many times. But he
called The Post “dishonest.”
In reality, of course, no one would be more miserable
than Mr. Trump if these bans actually resulted in less coverage of his campaign — and if he is deluded enough to
imagine they’ll result in less honest coverage, he will be
quickly disabused. As a practical matter, the bans are essentially meaningless, since reporters can enter these
events with the public, free from the corral where
Re “Obama Condemns Trump’s Response to Florida Attack” (front page,
June 15): President Obama’s remarks
condemning Donald Trump’s hateful
rhetoric and dangerous mind-set were a
welcome relief and a badly needed reality check to the frenzy that has followed
the horrible events in Orlando. As I
watched him lay out his case I thought:
“This is real leadership. How grateful I
am that he is our president.”
His clarity, compassion, empathy and
righteous anger all rang true. May his
example reassure those who are uncertain in these troubled times that even in
the worst of times there are always hopeful ways forward.
MAREA SIRIS WEXLER
Northampton, Mass.
guest workers — have not loudly protested. Their reticence does not mean acceptance or even resignation. As
explained in The Times on Sunday by Julia Preston, most
of the displaced workers had to sign agreements prohibiting them from criticizing their former employers as a condition of receiving severance pay. The gag orders have
largely silenced the laid-off employees, while allowing the
employers to publicly defend their actions as legal, which
is technically accurate, given the loopholes in the law.
The conversation, however, is changing. Fourteen former tech workers at Abbott, including one who forfeited a
chunk of severance pay rather than sign a so-called
nondisparagement agreement, have filed federal claims
with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
saying they were discriminated against because of their
ages and American citizenship. Tech workers from Disney
have filed federal lawsuits accusing the company and two
global outsourcing firms of colluding to supplant Americans with H-1B workers. Former employees of Eversource
Energy have also begun to challenge their severance-related gag orders by publicly discussing their dismissals
and replacement by foreign workers on H-1B and other visas.
Congressional leaders of both parties have questioned
the nondisparagement agreements. Bipartisan legislation
in the Senate would revise visa laws to allow former
employees to protest their layoffs. Beyond that, what Congress really needs to do is close the loopholes that allow
H-1B abuses.
Re “Osteoporosis Drugs Shunned for
Fear of Rare Side Effects” (front page,
June 2): The National Osteoporosis
Foundation appreciates your article regarding the risks versus benefits of medications for treatment of osteoporosis.
With 54 million Americans over the
age of 50 affected by osteoporosis or low
bone mass and at greater risk for fracture, it is vitally important that we help
physicians and patients understand the
need for appropriate testing and treatment. Osteoporosis causes about two
million broken bones every year in the
United States. If left untreated by medication, patients who break a bone are
twice as likely to break another.
As your article notes, in recent years
there has been a substantial reduction in
the number of people receiving these
proven osteoporosis therapies, even
among those who have already fractured
a bone and are at very high risk for another broken bone. We thank you for a
balanced article that brings these concerns further to light and puts the rare
risks of current therapies into a broader
perspective.
KENNETH G. SAAG
President
National Osteoporosis Foundation
Birmingham, Ala.
TO THE EDITOR:
One reason for many women’s rejection of osteoporosis drugs is that some
Female Draft Registration
TO THE EDITOR:
Re “Senate Votes for Women to Register for the Draft” (news article, June 15):
As a veteran of the Navy Nurse Corps,
I wholeheartedly support requiring
women to register for the draft. We women have long demanded equality. There
is no reason that we should then leave it
to men to serve and protect our country.
The argument that we are requiring
young women to go into combat is nonsense. Although combat roles are now
open to women, even many men who
serve in the military in times of war
never see combat.
The military is a very large organization employing everyone from supply
personnel and drivers to cooks, chaplains and office workers. It is about time
that we asked the same patriotic duty of
women that we ask of men.
ANNE-MARIE HISLOP
Chicago
who remember doctors’ sometimes
stern, well-meaning insistence that they
should take hormone replacement therapy now feel glad they said no. Those
who avoided blood clots and other side
effects associated with early oral contraceptives, enthusiastically recommended
at the time, look back and feel similarly.
Women have become understandably
wary of enthusiasm for “cures” that, appearing to treat women’s hormonal complexity as both disease and commercial
opportunity, later prove flawed.
Many women know someone who has
in fact suffered bad effects from osteoporosis drugs, and that treatment can look
disturbingly like one more commercial
medical experiment — one from which
they may choose to opt out.
ANN F. MILLER
Malvern, Pa.
A Ferraro Daughter’s View
TO THE EDITOR:
Re “For Perspective on Clinton, Step
Back 32 Long Years” (front page, June
12):
As the younger daughter of Geraldine
A. Ferraro, the Democratic vice-presidential candidate in 1984, I appreciated
this article because it captured the lens
that I was looking through as I watched
Hillary Clinton on TV the night she became the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee with my two daughters
as we snuggled on our couch at home.
I was deeply moved by the video clip
accompanying the article online. The
footage made me wistful of my mother’s
resilience. Hardship — losing her father
at 8, attacks from the press and the Roman Catholic Church, even her own cancer diagnosis — somehow always motivated her.
That essential “grit” for success was a
trait of my mother that I saw in Mrs. Clinton that evening.
Mrs. Clinton has certainly faced her
own share of adversity and has become
an even stronger leader.
LAURA ZACCARO LEE
Concord, Mass.
ONLINE: MORE LETTERS
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce says
a new Labor Department fiduciary
rule “will harm the very people it intends
to protect.” nytimes.com/opinion
NEWS
EDITORIAL
DEAN BAQUET, Executive Editor
JAMES BENNET, Editorial Page Editor
TOM BODKIN, Creative Director
SUSAN CHIRA, Deputy Executive Editor
JAMES DAO, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
TERRY TANG, Deputy Editorial Page Editor
JANET ELDER, Deputy Executive Editor
MATTHEW PURDY, Deputy Executive Editor
KINSEY WILSON, Editor for Innovation and Strategy
Executive V.P., Product and Technology
REBECCA CORBETT, Assistant Editor
STEVE DUENES, Assistant Editor
IAN FISHER, Assistant Editor
JOSEPH KAHN, Assistant Editor
CLIFFORD LEVY, Assistant Editor
ALEXANDRA MAC CALLUM, Assistant Editor
MICHELE MC NALLY, Assistant Editor
BUSINESS
MARK THOMPSON, Chief Executive Officer
MICHAEL GOLDEN, Vice Chairman
JAMES M. FOLLO, Chief Financial Officer
KENNETH A. RICHIERI, General Counsel
ROLAND A. CAPUTO, Executive V.P., Print Products
MEREDITH KOPIT LEVIEN, Chief Revenue Officer
WILLIAM T. BARDEEN, Senior Vice President
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LAURENA L. EMHOFF, Treasurer
DIANE BRAYTON, Secretary
THE NEW YORK TIMES OP-ED THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
GAIL COLLINS
A Pistol
For Every
Bar Stool
The nation hasn’t exactly joined hands
in a united response to the Orlando massacre. But since this terrible mass shooting happened in one of the most
weapons-friendly places in the country,
maybe we can at least all agree that having wildly permissive gun laws does not
make a city safer.
O.K., probably not.
On Wednesday, Donald Trump took
time out from vilifying Muslims and put
some of the blame on gun control. If the
patrons of Pulse, the gay bar in Orlando,
had been carrying concealed weapons,
he said, they could have taken control of
the situation. The gunman would have
been “just open target practice.”
(This was at the same speech where
he congratulated himself for his stupendous relationship with the gay community, suggesting he didn’t “get enough credit” for having a club in Palm Beach that
was “open to everybody.” This is a little
off our topic today, but I have to once
again point out that Trump’s club is open
to everybody with $100,000 to cover the
membership fee.)
But about guns. Let’s follow Trump’s
thought. It’s easy to buy a gun in Florida
and supereasy to get a permit to carry
around a concealed weapon. Even the
Florida Legislature, however, doesn’t allow people to carry guns into bars.
Trump did not specifically say that we
need to uphold Americans’ freedom to
drink while armed. But there doesn’t
seem to be any other way to interpret his
argument.
Also, there actually was an off-duty police officer working in the club who tried
to shoot the gunman but failed. This is
important, because the myth of the cool
and steady shooter is one of the most
cherished beliefs of the National Rifle Association and its supporters. Trump himself has bragged that if he’d been in Paris
on the night of the attacks there, he
would have shot the terrorists. (“I may
have been killed, but I would have
drawn.”)
This is an excellent example of delusional gun thinking. Although Trump
frequently reminds us he has a permit to
Trump is
ready to
lock and load.
carry a gun, there’s no indication he’s
ever done so. And there’s certainly no evidence whatsoever that he has any skill
in hitting things.
It’s very, very difficult to draw, aim and
shoot accurately when you’re under severe stress. It’s one of the reasons that
police officers so often spray fleeing suspects with bullets. They can’t hit a moving target, even though they get far more
weapons training than your normal
armed civilian.
In Florida, people who want to carry a
gun merely have to be able to demonstrate they can “safely handle and discharge the firearm.” Nowhere does it say
anything about accuracy.
A few weeks ago in Houston, a 25-yearold Afghan war veteran named Dionisio
Garza walked up to a stranger sitting in a
car at a carwash and shot him in the neck
while railing about “homosexuals, Jews
and Walmart,” according to local reports.
He fired off 212 rounds, mostly from an
assault rifle, hitting a police helicopter
and a nearby gas station, which burst
into flames. The police said a neighbor
who heard the shooting came running
with a gun, but was shot himself.
People who hear this story may draw
different morals. The way we’ve been going, it’ll be a miracle if some member of
the Texas Legislature doesn’t submit a
bill requiring employees of carwashes to
be armed at all times. However, others
might note that the weapon in this case
was an AR-15, the same type of militarystyle rifle that was used in the Orlando
shooting, the Newtown school shooting
and the terrorist attack in San
Bernardino. It would seem as if the best
way to cut down on mass shootings
would be by eliminating weapons that allow crazy people to rapidly fire off endless rounds of bullets.
The possibility of banning assault
weapons like the AR-15 is most definitely
not on the table in Congress, although
Hillary Clinton supports it, and has
brought it up a lot since Orlando. No, the
current debate in Washington is over
whether people on the government’s terror watch list should be kept from purchasing arms.
The fact that even people who aren’t
allowed to get on a plane can buy a gun in
this country is obviously insane. Yet
most of the Republicans in the House and
the Senate regard changing the status
quo as an enormous lift. “I think you’re
going too far here,” Senator Lindsey Graham of South Carolina told the backers
during one of the bill’s pathetic trips to
nowhere.
Since the Orlando shooter had actually
spent some time on the terror watch list,
the pressure seems to be growing.
Trump says he’ll meet with the N.R.A. to
talk over the matter. Perhaps, after all
this time, we’ll get some pathetically minor action. Then only apolitical maniacs
would have the opportunity to buy guns
that can take out a roomful of people in no
time flat.
0
A23
NICHOLAS KRISTOF
An Olympic
Antidoping
Champion
Confronting
Our Own
Extremist
PING ZHU
By Dionne Koller
T
BALTIMORE
HE International Olympic
Committee
recently
announced that 10 refugee athletes from troubled or war-torn
nations would be allowed to
compete in the summer Olympic Games.
The committee believes that the group, officially known as the Refugee Olympic
Team, will serve as a “symbol of hope” in
Rio de Janeiro.
The I.O.C.’s action to field a refugee
team is an example of the Games’ spirit at
its best — using sport to transcend politics
and promote human dignity. The decision
also comes at a crucial moment when the
Olympic movement’s fundamental values
seem under attack. Few issues exemplify
the crisis more than the allegations of
state-supported doping in Russia.
For this reason, the International
Olympic Committee and the International
Association of Athletics Federations must
use their authority to grant a similar special eligibility status to another athlete. In
this competitor’s case, it is not because
she has been forced to flee a conflict zone,
but because her moral actions have
helped to preserve the integrity of the
Olympic movement itself.
That athlete is Yuliya Stepanova, a
brave whistle-blower on organized doping
in Russian athletics. On Friday in Vienna,
an I.A.A.F. task force will report on
whether Russia should be permitted to
send a track-and-field team to Rio. The
panel will also consider whether Ms.
Stepanova should be allowed to compete
in Rio as an independent competitor, like
the refugee athletes.
Ms. Stepanova is an accomplished 800meter runner from Russia. Because she
was a medal contender at the international level, she was, in her words, considered “untouchable.” In Russia, that meant
an athlete who was doped, with the knowledge of her coaches and sports federation,
with performance-enhancing drugs like
Dionne Koller is a professor at the University of Baltimore School of Law, where she
is the director of the Center for Sport and
the Law.
anabolic steroids and the blood-boosting
agent EPO, and who was protected from
drug-testing controls within her country.
All that changed in 2012. After Ms.
Stepanova was injured, the Russian athletics federation stopped protecting her. In
2013, she received a two-year ban from the
I.A.A.F. after abnormalities were found in
her Athlete Biological Passport, which
provides a physiological baseline on every
athlete to help identify possible doping.
After much soul-searching, Ms.
Stepanova decided to come clean. She
chose not to seek a lighter punishment by
invoking a provision of the World AntiDoping Code that permits the World AntiDoping Agency to reduce sanctions for
athletes who provide assistance to antidoping efforts. Instead, she served her
ban and joined her husband, Vitaly
Stepanov, then an antidoping official, in
Stepanova risked all to
expose Russian cheating.
Let her run in Rio.
the risky task of amassing evidence of officially sanctioned Russian doping.
Together, they provided WADA with
credible evidence of systemic cheating.
Because of their whistle-blowing, the
Stepanovs feared for their lives and fled
the country, eventually settling in the
United States.
Ms. Stepanova has continued to train on
her own, returning to competition and
earning an Olympic-qualifying time. She
has been part of the pool of elite athletes
subject to unannounced, out-of-competition testing, and has tested clean. Ms.
Stepanova should therefore be considered
fully eligible to compete, yet she cannot go
home or run for her country.
To maintain its credibility as a proponent of clean sport, the International
Olympic Committee must grant Ms.
Stepanova the right to compete in Rio independently of Russia. And for the future,
the bodies that govern international
Olympic competition must establish a
new mechanism to protect whistle-blowers like the Stepanovs.
There are currently no rules in the
World Anti-Doping Code or the Olympic
Charter to protect these vital truth-tellers.
The Russian track-and-field scandal could
not demonstrate more clearly how much
the enforcement of the WADA code in individual countries relies on international
governing bodies’ ability to protect whistle-blowers.
WADA alone cannot monitor compliance in every country, and the Russian
scandal has exposed grave failures in its
governance. But relying on each national
federation’s antidoping efforts is clearly
problematic. Some countries, like Britain,
Canada and the United States, have antidoping bodies with the funding and political capital to police doping effectively,
to test and punish athletes who cheat. But
others, like Russia, pay lip service to antidoping measures while fostering a culture
of cheating.
As we see from the allegations about
how antidoping tests at the 2014 Sochi
Winter Olympics were an elaborate charade, it is only through the efforts of principled inside informants like Ms.
Stepanova that the truth can come to light.
It would make a mockery of the Olympic
movement to deny an athlete who has taken enormous personal risks for the cause
of clean sport the ability to participate in
the Rio Olympics. To do so would, in effect,
punish her for speaking the truth and upholding the World Anti-Doping Code and
Olympic ideals.
Nearly two decades ago, the establishment of WADA and the adoption of its code
were historic steps toward preserving the
integrity of clean sport. But Russia’s systemic doping has proved the need for further reform. Whistle-blower protections
are the logical next step. Granting Ms.
Stepanova the right to participate in Rio
would go a long way toward ensuring that
the Olympics lived up to the ideals of its
charter.
The I.O.C.’s generous move in admitting
a refugees’ team matches the spirit of the
Games. So let the committee also extend
that grace to a runner who has already
proved herself an Olympic champion. 0
Is the Sanders Agenda Out of Date?
By Mark Schmitt
A
T a meeting after the final
Democratic primary on Tuesday night, Bernie Sanders
presumably made a strong
case to Hillary Clinton that
the ideas and ideological direction of his
campaign should be incorporated into her
campaign and, if she wins, her presidency.
Earlier that day he said it was time “for
a fundamental transformation of the
Democratic Party.”
Mr. Sanders’s achievement has been to
show the leadership of his recently
adopted party that Democrats and many
independents under 35 are eager for a fullthroated progressive agenda. While
Democrats in the 1990s — notably Bill and
Hillary Clinton — worried about the party’s mistakes of the 1970s, many in this
decade worry more about triangulation
and the cautious politics of the 1990s.
What will a post-Sanders progressive
agenda look like? The first stop will be the
official party platform, but platforms have
long been throwaway documents.
The real progressive agenda will be
written in the coming years. But it’s unlikely that this progressive agenda will be
Mr. Sanders’s agenda, or that Mr. Sanders
himself will be the leading advocate and
arbiter of progressive policies, because he
is still running the Windows 95 version of
progressive politics.
He has never had the kind of influence
with his colleagues that he found with the
grass roots this year, in part because he
never defined himself as a Democrat. No
one expects that he’ll run for president
again at 78 or 82, so he won’t have the clout
of a senator who is seen as a potential
president. And any institutional power he
may gain as chairman or a ranking member of the Senate Budget Committee
sounds a lot bigger than it really is. The
committee’s main job is to produce a nonbinding budget resolution, and in many recent years, it hasn’t even done that.
Mark Schmitt is the director of the political reform program at the research organization New America.
But the biggest reason that Mr. Sanders
won’t shape the next progressive agenda?
His policy proposals were consistently out
of step with the ideas that have been
emerging from progressive think tanks
like Demos or the Center for American
Progress, or championed by his own congressional colleagues.
For example, many liberal Democrats
would agree with Mr. Sanders, in theory,
that single-payer health insurance could
be fairer, more efficient and cheaper than
our fragmented system. But the president
and Congress made the decision in 2010 to
build on the private insurance system, in
the form of the Affordable Care Act, in part
because single-payer wasn’t politically viable. A Democratic administration’s next
He’s using the Windows
95 version of
progressive politics.
moves will be to expand and strengthen
the Affordable Care Act, not start over.
Like many of Mr. Sanders’s proposals,
single-payer
is
an
all-or-nothing
proposition that creates few openings for
legislators who want to do something incremental that could lead to a bigger goal.
Congressmen like Senator Edward M.
Kennedy or Representative Henry Waxman of California often put forward ambitious ideas, too, but with manageable
steps to build a structure that could be expanded later or that could attract enough
support to pass.
Similarly, while progressive organizations like the Roosevelt Institute have developed
complex
visions
for
strengthening regulation of Wall Street
and banks and reducing the “financialization” of the economy, Mr. Sanders fixated
on restoring the Glass-Steagall Act, which
separated investment and commercial
banking but had become outdated long before it was repealed in 1999. His plan to
“break up the big banks” sometimes
seemed to consist simply of ordering the
Federal Reserve to break up the big
banks. The real progressive agenda has
moved beyond that to focus on raising and
strengthening capital requirements (the
amounts that banks are required to keep
as cash or safe investments).
Mr. Sanders made the $15 minimum
wage a cornerstone of his campaign. But
he barely focused on other work-related
issues, like the challenges posed by new
employment models in the on-demand, or
“gig,” economy, a topic of a speech by Senator Elizabeth Warren in May. She called
for a new social contract under which “all
workers — no matter when they work,
where they work, who they work for,
whether they pick tomatoes or build
rocket ships — should have some basic
protections and be able to build some economic security for themselves and their
families.”
This is part of a larger gap between Mr.
Sanders and other progressives in their
approaches to inequality. Where Mr.
Sanders talks about “redistribution” of
wealth from “the billionaires” to the middle- and low-income classes through high
tax rates, others, such as the economists
at the Economic Policy Institute, have focused more on what is sometimes called
“predistribution,” wages and the conditions of work. They would reduce the
gains at the top — such as by putting some
meaningful constraints on executive pay
— but also make sure that workers got a
greater share of the profits, not only in the
form of money, but also time, flexibility
and predictable scheduling. If the initial
distribution of benefits and money is
badly skewed, it will be hard to use tax and
transfer policies alone to redistribute it.
Mr. Sanders has been the first insurgent
Democratic candidate to emerge from the
true left of the party since the Rev. Jesse
Jackson’s two campaigns in the 1980s, and
has been by far the most successful.
But he’s unlikely to be the agent who
fills in the details of a progressive agenda.
If elected, Hillary Clinton will either join
this new progressive wave or will be
nudged and challenged by it. As Mr.
Sanders steps back, the next era can begin.
0
Over the last two decades, Canada has
had eight mass shootings. Just so far this
month, the United States has already had
20.
Canada has a much smaller population,
of course, and the criteria researchers
used for each country are slightly different, but that still says something important about public safety.
Could it be, as Donald Trump suggests,
that the peril comes from admitting Muslims? On the contrary, Canadians are safe
despite having been far more hospitable
to Muslim refugees: Canada has admitted
more than 27,000 Syrian refugees since
November, some 10 times the number the
United States has.
More broadly, Canada’s population is
3.2 percent Muslim, while the United
States is about 1 percent Muslim — yet
Canada doesn’t have massacres like the
one we just experienced at a gay nightclub
in Orlando, Fla., or the one in December in
San Bernardino, Calif. So perhaps the
problem isn’t so much Muslims out of control but guns out of control.
Look, I grew up on a farm with guns.
One morning when I was 10, we awoke at
dawn to hear our chickens squawking
frantically and saw a fox trotting away
with one of our hens in its mouth. My dad
grabbed his .308 rifle, opened the window
and fired twice. The fox was unhurt but
dropped its breakfast and fled. The hen
picked herself up, shook her feathers indignantly and walked back to the barn. So
Some fanatics shoot
guns and others
promote guns.
in the right context, guns have their uses.
The problem is that we make no serious
effort to keep firearms out of the hands of
violent people. A few data points:
More Americans have died from guns,
including suicides, since just 1970 than
died in all the wars in U.S. history going
back to the American Revolution.
■ The Civil War marks by far the most
savage period of warfare in American
history. But more Americans are now
killed from guns annually, again including suicides, than were killed by guns on
average each year during the Civil War
(when many of the deaths were from disease, not guns).
■ In the United States, more preschoolers up through age 4 are shot dead
each year than police officers are.
Canada has put in place measures that
make it more difficult for a dangerous
person to acquire a gun, with a focus not
so much on banning weapons entirely
(the AR-15 is available after undergoing
safety training and a screening) as on
limiting who can obtain one. In the
United States, we lack even universal
background checks, and new Harvard
research to be published soon found that
40 percent of gun transfers didn’t even
involve a background check.
We can’t prevent every gun death any
more than we can prevent every car accident, and the challenge is particularly
acute with homegrown terrorists like the
one in Orlando. But experts estimate
that a serious effort to reduce gun violence might reduce the toll by one-third,
which would be more than 10,000 lives
saved a year.
The Orlando killer would have been legally barred from buying lawn darts, because they were banned as unsafe. He
would have been unable to drive a car
that didn’t pass a safety inspection or
that lacked insurance. He couldn’t have
purchased a black water gun without an
orange tip — because that would have
been too dangerous.
But it’s not too dangerous to allow the
sale of an assault rifle without even a
background check?
If we’re trying to prevent carnage like
that of Orlando, we need to be vigilant
not only about infiltration by the Islamic
State, and not only about American citizens poisoned into committing acts of
terrorism. We also need to be vigilant
about National Rifle Association-type
extremism that allows guns to be sold
without background checks.
It’s staggering that Congress doesn’t
see a problem with allowing people on terror watch lists to buy guns: In each of the
last three years, more than 200 people on
the terror watch list have been allowed to
purchase guns. We empower ISIS when
we permit acolytes like the Orlando killer,
investigated repeatedly as a terrorist
threat, to buy a Sig Sauer MCX and a
Glock 17 handgun on consecutive days.
A great majority of Muslims are peaceful, and it’s unfair to blame Islam for terrorist attacks like the one in Orlando. But
it is important to hold accountable Gulf
states like Saudi Arabia that are wellsprings of religious zealotry, intolerance
and fanaticism. We should also hold accountable our own political figures who
exploit tragic events to sow bigotry. And,
yes, that means Donald Trump.
When Trump scapegoats Muslims, that
also damages our own security by bolstering the us-versus-them narrative of ISIS.
The lesson of history is that extremists on
one side invariably empower extremists
on the other.
So by all means, Muslims around the
world should stand up to their fanatics
sowing hatred and intolerance — and we
Americans should stand up to our own
extremist doing just the same.
0
■
A24
N
Safety Concerns at Whole Foods
Entrepreneurship
SportsThursday Pages 10-15
Warning From F.D.A.
Up Against the I.R.S.
Course Demands Respect
Inspectors found problems at a
plant that supplies prepared
2
foods to the chain’s stores.
Fluctuating sales and cash
payments put small businesses
4
at risk of an audit.
Oakmont, the host of this year’s
U.S. Open, inspires a mix of
10
reverence and fright.
N
B1
U.S. Says
Fund Used
Inside Data
From F.D.A.
By ALEXANDRA STEVENSON
A multibillion-dollar hedge fund
focused on health care had an inside view of the drug approval
process at the Food and Drug Administration through a former
high-ranking official turned consultant.
The information flow turned out
to be lucrative, leading to $32 million in trading windfalls, federal
prosecutors said on Wednesday.
In an insider-trading case that
harks back to the height of a federal crackdown on the hedge fund
industry six years ago, federal authorities filed criminal and civil
securities charges against three
current and former traders at Visium Asset Management, including Sanjay Valvani, one of the
firm’s top portfolio managers and
the former brother-in-law of the
firm’s founder.
At the heart of the case is a former F.D.A. official, Gordon Johnston,
the
consultant
who
prosecutors say leveraged his
contacts at the agency, where he
was deputy director of the office of
generic drugs until 1999. Mr.
Johnston also abused his role at
the Generic Drug Trade Association to glean information on behalf
of Mr. Valvani, prosecutors said.
In his quest to provide Mr. Valvani with valuable information,
Mr. Johnston went as far as to arrange speaking panels and teleconferences between F.D.A. officials
and
generic
drug
manufacturers in order to discuss
issues that directly concerned his
hedge fund client, the government
said.
Through this arrangement, Mr.
Valvani was able to reap the
nearly $32 million in illicit gains
based on information about coming F.D.A. approvals for a generic
version of a drug that helps prevent blood clots, according to
Continued on Page 5
NEWS ANALYSIS
The Fed Is Learning How Hard It Is to Exit Easy Money
By NEIL IRWIN
This is the buzz saw that Janet L.
Yellen, the Federal Reserve chairwoman, walked into as she addressed
the news media — and by extension,
every trading floor on earth —
Wednesday afternoon.
The Fed’s official mission is to take
care of the American economy, and the
economy is doing pretty well. The
unemployment rate is 4.7 percent, its
lowest in nine years and around the
level Federal Reserve officials consider
sustainable in the long run. Wages are
rising steadily. After a soft first quarter, economic growth is accelerating.
For Ms. Yellen, a labor economist
with decades of experience, it all
points to a recipe for higher inflation, a
single month of weak jobs data notwithstanding. Some of her colleagues
would also emphasize that keeping
rates too low could create imbalances
in the economy and spur new financial
crises.
But global financial markets are not
having it. If you take bond and currency markets at face value, the underlying path of growth in the United
States is too weak and global deflationary forces too powerful; the Fed will
need to raise interest rates much
slower than its officials say they expect.
If markets could talk, they would be
saying, “We don’t think you’ll raise
interest rates as much as you say, and,
if you do it anyway, you’ll probably
regret it.”
All 17 top officials of the Fed expect
an interest rate increase this year,
according to projections they released
Wednesday. Yet financial futures markets price in only about a 40 percent
chance that it will happen. Fed officials
envision a 2.4 percent interest rate
target at the end of 2018, versus 0.6
Continued on Page 3
SASHA MASLOV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
.
Obamacare
Premiums
Are Rising,
Not a Little
By REED ABELSON
and MARGOT SANGER-KATZ
Get ready for big increases in
premiums under the Affordable
Care Act. A new analysis from
the Kaiser Family Foundation
examined the most popular
individual plans under the new
health care law in 14 major cities
around the country and found
that insurers were asking for
increases in 2017 that are twice
as big as this year’s. There is
wide variation, including some
places where rates will go down,
but the average requested increase is 10 percent.
While it will be months before
insurers and regulators agree to
final rates for the coming year,
the Kaiser analysis confirms the
signals we have seen from industry and government experts —
that consumers and the federal
government are likely to see
much higher prices in many
markets. Clearly, insurers are
struggling to figure out how
much to charge so they can
cover their costs but still attract
customers.
As health care reporters, we’ve
been debating exactly how worried one should be about the fate
of the Affordable Care Act,
known informally as Obamacare,
in the face of steep rate increases
next year.
Reed: Margot, you were definitely right to sound the alarm
last month. While it’s still early
— and we don’t know what regulators are likely to do with the
proposals they’re getting — the
Kaiser analysis seems to me
another sign that we’re a long
way from having a stable individContinued on Page 7
Making Their Own Deals
Sovereign and pension funds, even wealthy families, are
avoiding private equity firms and buying assets directly.
By LESLIE PICKER
For decades, the buyers in some of the
largest deals had come in three forms:
private equity firms, corporations and
public market investors.
But over the last few years, a new
group of buyers has sprung up: sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and
even private families have flexed their
percent of the assets sold by private equity firms, up from 2 percent in 2007, according to data compiled by Goldman
Sachs. They were even more active as
buyers than private equity firms themselves.
By taking a direct stake in companies,
these buyers are looking for investment
gains without paying management fees
to private equity firms, which they
would have to pay if they invested in a
traditional fund. The risks are higher,
however, especially because some of the
newcomers do not have the same interContinued on Page 5
deal-making muscles. As interest rates
hover near zero (and in many parts of
the world, below zero), these investors,
with trillions of dollars in their war
chests, have taken it on themselves to
buy pieces of companies, or in some
cases, the whole thing.
Over the last year and a half, these socalled emerging buyers bought about 17
Alison J. Mass,
standing, and
Stephanie Cohen,
two Goldman
Sachs partners,
are focusing on a
new group of
investors who are
pursuing deals.
Can Apple Break Free
Of Device Dependence?
More than any other company in
tech, Apple prizes physical objects —
expensive, perfectly designed, selfcontained nuggets of aluminum and
glass that you buy today,
use for a couple years and
replace.
Until recently, that view
worked quite well. Over
STATE OF the past decade, through
THE ART
its own products and the
many copycats that piled
on, Apple’s device-centric aestheticism
has made computers easier to use and
more accessible to more people around
the world — and raked in eye-popping
profits while doing so.
Yet Apple’s view increasingly feels
like an outdated way of thinking about
tech.
Many of its competitors have been
moving beyond devices toward experiences that transcend them. These new
technologies exist not on distinct
pieces of hardware, but above and
within them. They are things like
Alexa, Amazon’s ambient assistant,
FARHAD
MANJOO
ANDREW BURTON/GETTY IMAGES
Apple and its chief, Timothy D. Cook, unveiled a slate of new features this
week, but few were stirring. A review of the updates in Tech Fix, Page 6.
which lives on the internet and is
ready to help you on the Amazon Echo
but also on any other device that a
programmer adds it to. In an era of flat
iPhone sales, Apple, too, has been
talking up the importance of online
services, which it sees as a crucial part
of its future growth.
So the primary question Apple had
to answer at its annual developer
conference this week was whether it
could expand its worldview. Could it
break free from the limiting perspective of individual devices?
The answer: Yes, but slowly — and
it’s hard to tell if Apple is thinking big
enough.
What was obvious in the hurricane
of new features unveiled by Timothy
D. Cook, Apple’s chief executive, and
his lieutenants was that they understood the importance of cloud-based
services. Many of Apple’s announcements featured some role for the internet to integrate people’s experiences
on disparate Apple devices, often with
Continued on Page 7
B2
THE NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
F.D.A. Cites Whole Foods for Failure to Address Food Safety Problems
By STEPHANIE STROM
Prepared foods are an increasingly important part of the grocery business, delivering fat margins at a time when sales of traditional packaged foods are lackluster. But the strategy also comes
with serious risks.
In the clearest example yet, the
Food and Drug Administration
this month sent a stern warning
letter to Whole Foods Market, a
longtime champion of fresh and
healthy foods, saying that the
company had failed to address a
long list of food safety issues at its
food processing plant outside of
Boston.
Among the problems cited: condensation dripping from the ceiling near food; an ammoniumbased sanitizer used on a work
surface near the preparation of a
salad; and a failure to separate
dirty dishes from ready-to-eatsalads.
The letter from the F.D.A. is just
the latest headache to afflict
Whole Foods. Over the last couple
of years, the company has struggled with slower growth as competitors have gotten better at
copying what it did to distinguish
itself in the grocery market. Other
wounds have been self-inflicted,
like last year, when the New York
City Department of Consumer Affairs called it out for mispricing
some merchandise based on
weight.
Prepared foods, which have almost double the profit margins of
packaged foods sold on grocery
shelves, have remained a bright
spot at the company — at least for
now. Such foods accounted for al-
most 20 percent of its sales in 2014,
ringing up $2.7 billion in revenue.
But the letter from the F.D.A. is
the second black eye for health issues at the plant outside of Boston, known as its North Atlantic
Kitchen, and could put some of
those sales in peril.
Phil Lempert, an expert on grocery store operations and marketing, said that the food safety crisis
at Chipotle Mexican Grill late last
year should have been a wake-up
call for Whole Foods and anyone
else in the business of preparing
fresh foods for sale.
“For Whole Foods to be in this
predicament, frankly, there really
is no excuse,” Mr. Lempert said.
“Because Wall Street has put it under such pressure to expand
growth, I think Whole Foods has
gotten sloppy — there’s no reason
anyone should have water dripping into foods.”
Last fall, Whole Foods voluntarily recalled batches of Curry
Chicken Salad and Classic Deli
Pasta Salad after a sample prepared at the North Atlantic
Kitchen tested positive for
Listeria
monocytogenes,
a
pathogenic strain of the bacterium. The plant is one of three
preparation kitchens that help
stock its stores in the Northeast,
mid-Atlantic and South. (Most of
the company’s foods are prepared
at the stores themselves.)
In February, the inspectors
spent five days at the plant and
then shared their findings with
Whole Foods, which responded
within 15 business days. The company told the F.D.A. that it had retrained employees to address
most of the issues the agency
DOLLY FAIBYSHEV FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Whole Foods has struggled with slower growth as rivals have
gotten better at copying what it did to distinguish itself.
raised.
That response, however, failed
to satisfy the F.D.A. “We do not
consider your response acceptable because you failed to provide
documentation for our review,
which demonstrates that all your
noted corrective actions have
been effectively implemented,”
the agency wrote in its June 8
warning letter.
Whole Foods said the letter
came as a surprise. The company
said it had taken steps to correct
the problems and would meet on
Thursday with the F.D.A. to discuss what the issues are and how
to address them.
“What’s confusing to us is the
fact that the letter identifies issues
we’ve already corrected,” said
Ken Meyer, the company’s execu-
tive vice president for operations.
“We worked with a third-party
consultant and our own global
food safety team,” he said, “to address their concerns and assumed
we were in good standing with
them until this letter arrived on
Friday.”
Whole Foods now has about two
weeks to provide evidence to the
F.D.A. that steps it has taken bring
the company into compliance.
Otherwise, the company might
have to pay the agency to
reinspect the facility.
Groceries have long offered
prepared foods like rotisserie
chickens and broccoli salad. But
as business has declined in the
center store, companies have
upped their game, adding sophisticated meals that consumers
can take home or eat in the store.
Research this year from the
Food Marketing Institute and
Technomic found that sales of prepared foods in groceries increased
10.4 percent from 2006 to 2014,
making the prepared foods department one of the highest performers in the food business.
While only 8 percent of the supermarkets responding to that
survey reported sales growth of
more than 5 percent, more than
two-thirds of them said they had
growth at that level or higher in
their prepared food businesses.
The risk for grocery companies
is that preparing food receives a
higher level of scrutiny from regulators than selling food made and
packaged by others. A bad inspection in one location, or reports of
food illnesses, can damage an entire brand. Shares in Whole Foods
fell nearly 5 percent on Wednesday.
Last year, Costco recalled celery sticks and turkey dinners,
King Sooper recalled curried
chicken salad and Raley’s recalled
its Asian Blue Cheese, Potato and
Bacon salad after E. coli was
found in celery supplied to all by a
single supplier.
Still, perhaps no company has
been more aggressive about integrating prepared foods than
Whole Foods. The company has
long put bars and restaurants into
its stores — a new store in Hawaii
will have about 200 seats for shoppers to sit and enjoy a meal and a
drink.
“Whole Foods is one of the pioneers in providing restaurant
quality meals to consumers,” said
Joe Pawlak, managing principal
at Technomic.
Now, stores like ShopRite and
Safeway are opening so-called
groceraunts, too. The oyster bar
at one of the Mariano’s groceries
in Chicago has become a place for
a Friday night date, and a
ShopRite in Morris Plains, N.J.,
added a 4,000-square-foot atrium
where people can enjoy a meal.
Supermarkets tried moving
into the food preparation business
in the 1990s, Mr. Pawlak said, but
offered too broad a menu and
ended up throwing a lot of food
away.
“Now what’s happened over the
last five or six years, they’ve hired
The latest worry in a
list of problems for the
company.
food service professionals who
understand restaurants and how
items move on a menu,” he said.
“That’s taken the quality up to
where I can get just as good a meal
at the grocery store as I can in
many sit-down restaurants — and
for a lot better value.”
An F.D.A. spokeswoman said
the agency could not comment on
whether its inspection of grocery
food preparation operations was
increasing. A Yahoo News analysis of the F.D.A.’s food safety recalls in 2015 found that prepared
foods accounted for more recalls
than any other food category.
U.S. Chamber Out of Step
With Board, Report Finds
By DANNY HAKIM
None of the 108 board members
of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce
came forward to explicitly support the lobbying group’s policies
on tobacco and climate change,
according to a new report from a
group of eight Senate Democrats,
including Senator Elizabeth Warren and Senator Bernie Sanders.
The report, which was written
by Senator Warren and Senator
Sheldon Whitehouse, followed on
reporting by The New York Times
that revealed the chamber’s international campaign against antismoking laws and its efforts to undermine policies aimed at curbing
global warming.
“The chamber’s lobbying is at
odds with its own public positions,” the report found. It noted
that the “organization strongly
professes that it is anti-tobacco”
and has claimed to support “efforts to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions.”
In a statement, the chamber described the report’s contents as a
“partisan line of attack” that was
“egregiously false” and recycled
“old myths and tired talking
points.”
The Times reported that the
chamber had focused on antismoking measures advanced by
health advocates from Ukraine to
Nepal to Australia. The measures
targeted by the chamber included
restrictions on smoking in public
spaces, bans on menthol and slim
cigarettes, curbs on tobacco ad-
vertising, excise-tax increases
and graphic warning labels.
Thomas J. Donohue, the head of
the chamber, personally lobbied
the speaker of the House, the
United States trade representative and the Irish prime minister
on the tobacco industry’s behalf.
The chamber’s campaign has
aroused the ire of the World
Health Organization, and it put
the four health care companies
that serve on the chamber’s board
— Anthem, the Health Care Service Corporation, the Steward
Health Care System of Boston and
the Indiana University Health
system — in an awkward position.
CVS Health Corporation quit the
chamber over the revelations.
Another report from The Times
last year focused on the chamber’s efforts to dismantle President Obama’s climate change regulations. The chamber convened
regular meetings of corporate
lawyers, coal lobbyists and Republican political strategists more
than a year before the regulations
were introduced.
The report highlights that even
though the board is described as
“the principal governing and policy-making body of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce,” the members
are often left in the dark.
“Approximately half of the companies on the chamber’s board of
directors have adopted anti-tobacco and pro-climate positions
that contrast sharply with the
chamber’s activities,” according
to the report. “Not a single board
DIMITAR DILKOFF/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
A smoker in Ukraine. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce has lobbied internationally against laws aimed at curbing tobacco use.
member explicitly supported the
chamber’s lobbying efforts,” it
said.
Ten companies serving on the
board told the Senate inquiry that
“they had no knowledge of or input into the chamber’s lobbying
activities on tobacco or climate issues.”
The report was also backed by
Senators Barbara Boxer of Cali-
Gawker Will Be Just Fine, Founder Says
By SYDNEY EMBER
Nick Denton has been relatively quiet since his company,
Gawker Media, filed for bankruptcy and put itself up for sale on
Friday, posting just a handful of
tweets.
But, in typical Denton fashion,
his silence did not last long.
On Wednesday, Mr. Denton, the
founder and chief executive of
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Gawker, published a roughly
3,000-word blog post about the
state of his company. He waxed
poetic about the company’s future, opined on the balance of
power between privacy and a free
press and took Silicon Valley billionaires to task for trying to control their image. Though the post
was at times rambling, Mr. Denton’s message was insistent:
Gawker will be just fine.
These were defiant words after
what has been a tumultuous
month for Gawker. In late May, it
was revealed that the Silicon Valley billionaire Peter Thiel was secretly providing financing for lawsuits against the company, including one brought by the retired professional wrestler Hulk Hogan.
The company faces a $140 million
judgment in that case.
But Mr. Denton expressed hope
in a new owner, and the possibility
that the court penalty would be reduced on appeal. Its sites, he said,
“will thrive under new ownership,
with management oversight and
financial underpinning from a
larger company,” he wrote. He
added, “We remain confident that
justice will be done in the Hulk Hogan case.”
Still, in a candid acknowledgment of Gawker’s circumstances,
Mr. Denton said Mr. Thiel’s involvement had “been financially
draining” and had “undoubtedly
depressed Gawker Media Group’s
valuation.”
“Whoever buys us,” he wrote,
“it will not be for the sort of headline price that Henry Blodget or
Arianna Huffington received
when selling Business Insider to
Axel Springer and Huffington
Post to AOL.” Mr. Denton echoed
that idea earlier on Wednesday
when he was asked on CNBC
about a $90 million opening bid
from the digital media company
Ziff Davis. (Business Insider sold
a controlling stake to Axel Springer for $343 million, and Huffington
Post was sold for $315 million).
Lawyers for Gawker and Hulk
Hogan, whose real name is Terry
G. Bollea, met in bankruptcy court
in Lower Manhattan on Wednesday. During the hearing, which
lasted about two hours, a judge
approved certain business expenses for Gawker. The judge also
extended a temporary restraining
order to July 13 that barred Mr.
Bollea from collecting damages
from Mr. Denton and Albert J.
Daulerio, Gawker.com’s former
editor in chief.
Despite the trying times, Mr.
Denton was optimistic in his post.
“The spirit that animates Gawker
remains strong,” he wrote. “It’s
business as usual.”
But his assurance was also offset by a sense of uncertainty.
When writing about the fate of
Gawker’s sites under a potential
acquisition by Ziff Davis, Mr. Denton mentioned only one of the
company’s blogs by name, the
technology-focused
Gizmodo.
That could further fuel speculation that Mr. Denton himself
would try to buy back Gawker
.com, which has been criticized at
times for publishing articles that
embarrassed people publicly
while offering little news value.
Mr. Denton coyly addressed
those rumors. “If it does not fit an
acquirer’s portfolio, Gawker.com
will find an investor with a tolerance for controversy,” he wrote. “I
will happily contribute.”
fornia, Sherrod Brown of Ohio,
Jeff Merkley of Oregon, Richard
Blumenthal of Connecticut and Ed
Markey of Massachusetts. It was
undertaken to determine whether
the chamber’s board actually supported its secretive lobbying activities, and to further publicize
the gap between the chamber and
its board.
The chamber has found itself in
a difficult position. Under the
leadership of Mr. Donohue, the
chamber has become the country’s largest lobbying organization and a stalwart of the Republican Party that has made keeping
control of the Senate a priority.
But it has been thrown off its
stride by the elevation of Donald
Trump, who opposes chamber priorities like the Trans-Pacific Part-
nership.
In a December interview with
Bloomberg, Mr. Donohue said Mr.
Trump “won’t be the next president,” adding that he is “entertainment, but he’s not leadership for
the American people.” In May, he
said, “I hear mostly concern from
our members. Who is this guy?
What do we know about him?
How will he behave?”
Testimony in Led Zeppelin Copyright Trial
By BEN SISARIO
and REBECCA FAIRLEY RANEY
LOS ANGELES — Jimmy Page
of Led Zeppelin, testifying in a
closely watched copyright trial on
Wednesday, said that until recently he had never heard the
song he has been accused of plagiarizing in the band’s 1971 hit
“Stairway to Heaven.”
A couple of years ago, Mr. Page
said, his son-in-law told him that
people online were comparing
“Stairway” to “Taurus,” a 1968
song by the lesser-known group
Spirit. But when Mr. Page finally
heard the other song, it sounded
“totally alien” to him.
“I know that I had never heard
it before,” he said.
Mr. Page, 72, and his bandmate
Robert Plant, 67, are defending
themselves in the music industry’s latest copyright trial, a year
after Robin Thicke and Pharrell
Williams were ordered to pay $5.3
million to the family of Marvin
Gaye over their song “Blurred
Lines.”
The suit over “Stairway to
Heaven” was filed by Michael
Skidmore, a trustee for the songs
of Randy Wolfe, a member of Spirit, who died in 1997. The suit says
that Mr. Page and Mr. Plant copied
“Taurus” for the distinctive acoustic guitar part that opens “Stairway,” and that the men had heard
Spirit’s song when the two bands
crossed paths on the road.
At the trial, which began Tuesday, lawyers for Led Zeppelin are
expected to argue that any similarities between “Stairway to
Ben Sisario reported from New
York and Rebecca Fairley Raney
from Los Angeles.
SUZANNE PLUNKETT/REUTERS
Robert Plant, left, and Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin in 2012. The
band was accused of plagiarizing the hit “Stairway to Heaven.”
Heaven” and “Taurus” are because of generic musical patterns
that cannot be copyrighted, like a
descending chord progression
that is common to both pieces.
Mr. Page, who appeared in a
black three-piece suit with his
long white hair tied back, was
asked by Mr. Skidmore’s lawyer
whether he remembered a concert in December 1968 when Led
Zeppelin opened for Spirit.
“I didn’t hear Spirit at the Denver show,” Mr. Page said, adding
that he believed the headliner was
Vanilla Fudge.
Mr. Page admitted that he
owned a copy of Spirit’s 1968 debut
album, which contains the song
“Taurus,” although he said he did
not know how he got it. His record
collection contains 4,329 vinyl albums and 5,882 CDs, he said.
Earlier in the day, Mark Andes,
the bassist in Spirit, testified that
“Taurus” had been a regular part
of the band’s set in its early days.
He said he remembered drinking
beer and playing snooker with Mr.
Plant after Spirit played a club in
Birmingham, England, in 1970.
“We had a blast,” Mr. Andes
said.
With its accusation of plagiarism in one of the most famous
and lucrative songs in rock history — according to one estimate,
the song has generated more than
$562 million in royalties — the
case has riveted the music industry, and the courtroom was
packed with reporters and fans.
The day had moments of levity,
as when Mr. Page told the plaintiff’s lawyer, Francis Malofiy, that
he had begun playing guitar at age
12 and was in professional recording sessions by 17.
“You had a gift, you played the
guitar,” Mr. Malofiy said.
“Well, yeah,” Mr. Page said, to
laughter in the courtroom.
His testimony is expected to
continue on Thursday.
NEWS ANALYSIS
The Fed Is Learning How Hard It Is to Exit Easy Money
From First Business Page
percent that is priced into the
markets. Fed officials see inflation rising to its target of 2 percent by 2018 and staying there.
The price of inflation-protected
bonds implies it will be much
lower.
Technical factors distort those
market signals, as Ms. Yellen
noted at her news conference.
For example, aggressive bond
buying by the European Central
Bank and the Bank of Japan may
be sending money flooding
across borders into higher-yielding American bonds, making
American rates lower than the
economic fundamentals would
justify.
But even with those distortions, Ms. Yellen and the Fed
face danger if they ignore these
market signals entirely. A pattern has repeated for years:
Markets expect slower growth,
lower inflation and slower rate
increases than Fed officials
themselves; markets turn out to
be right.
Two years ago, for example,
the median projection among
Fed officials was that its interest
rate target would be 2.5 percent
at the end of 2016. A year ago it
was 1.68 percent at the end of
2016. Now both look like pipe
dreams. Fed leaders expect a 0.9
percent rate at the end of the
year, and markets expect 0.4
Global markets are
having none of this
optimistic talk of
higher inflation.
percent.
Ms. Yellen and the Fed have
been grappling with which set of
signals to listen to, and the tone
that pervaded her news conference Wednesday was one of
uncertainty.
“We’re quite uncertain about
where rates are heading in the
longer term,” she said. “Many of
us believe as a base case it’s
reasonable to assume those rates
will move up over time, but we
aren’t certain about that. There
could be revisions in either direction.”
Ultimately, by holding off on a
June rate increase and reducing
rate forecasts for the months
ahead, the Fed nudged its views
toward market views.
As Fed officials make their
decisions at their remaining four
meetings of 2016, the issue that
hangs over them is as complex
as ever. It is not merely about
evaluating how the United States
economy is doing and whether it
remains solidly on track — and
given the flaws in economic data,
that job is hard enough.
Fed officials must also weigh
whether the global force of low
inflation is so powerful as to
continue dragging down prices in
the United States even after the
domestic economy has healed.
They have to make sure they
understand feedback loops between economic and financial
conditions overseas and Fed
policy in the United States.
The 2008 financial crisis was a
profound test of the Fed’s ability
to prevent economic collapse;
from 2009 to 2012, the central
bank made crucial decisions to
keep pushing the United States
economy toward recovery.
This year is showing just how
intricate the exit from this era of
easy money will truly be.
STOCKS & BONDS
Modest Losses in Market on Fed Inaction and ‘Brexit’ Concerns
By The Associated Press
The stock market fell for a fifth
straight day Wednesday as
investors set aside the Federal Reserve’s interest rate decision and
remained focused on next week’s
vote on whether Britain would remain in the European Union.
The Standard & Poor’s 500stock index fell 3.82 points, or 0.2
percent, to 2,071.50, and the Nasdaq composite fell 8.62 points, or
0.2 percent, to 4,834.93.
The Dow Jones industrial average fell 34.65 points, or 0.2 percent, to 17,640.17.
As expected, the Federal Reserve voted to keep interest rates
unchanged at their current level
of 0.25 to 0.50 percent. In its statement, the Fed said that while
United States economic activity
continued to strengthen, “the
pace of improvement in the labor
market has slowed,” a reference to
the April and May job reports that
were weaker than anticipated.
Kristina Hooper, head of United
States investment strategies at
Allianz Global Investors, said after the decision was announced,
“They needed to hit the pause button for June, but I think a July rate
hike still remains a distinct possibility.”
United States government bond
prices remained high, keeping
yields low. The yield on the 10-year
Treasury note fell to 1.58 percent
from 1.61 percent a day earlier.
Bond investors said the uncertainty about the British vote had
forced European investors to buy
up United States government
bonds in a search for yield and security, pushing bond yields to
their lowest levels in years.
“We are in a rare moment
where
the
highest-quality
creditor, the United States, is also
the creditor with the highest interest rate,” said Brandon Swensen,
senior portfolio manager and cohead of United States fixed income at RBC Global Asset Management.
Most investors remained focused on the other side of the Atlantic. There is considerable uncertainty about whether British
voters will choose, in a June 23 referendum, to leave the European
Union, referred to as a Brexit. The
repercussions of such a move are
not clear.
During her news conference,
the Fed’s chairwoman, Janet L.
Yellen, said the coming vote was
one of the reasons the central
bank kept interest rates unchanged.
ence.
The decision to wait was unanimous. Even Esther L. George, the
president of the Federal Reserve
Bank of Kansas City, who voted to
raise rates at the Fed’s last few
meetings, agreed this time that
the moment was not ripe. Ms.
Yellen said, “The labor market appears to have slowed down, and
we need to assure ourselves that
the underlying momentum in the
economy has not diminished.”
Investors already are heavily
discounting the chances of a rate
increase at the Fed’s next meeting
in July, or at the following meeting
in September. Those chances, derived from asset prices, stood at 12
percent and 28 percent respectively on Wednesday, according to
the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
In this environment of tepid
growth and weak inflation, Fed officials once again dialed back their
expectations for future rate increases. The Fed in December
had predicted four rate increases
this year. On Wednesday, the Fed
released new projections showing
that 15 of its 17 policy makers now
expected no more than two increases this year, and six of those
officials predicted just one.
Even more striking, the median
prediction of Fed officials was that
the central bank’s benchmark rate
Bond Yield
In Europe
Not as Low
As It Seems
By PETER EAVIS
Interest rates in Europe got a
little crazier this week when the
yield on the 10-year German
government bond fell below zero.
Investors buying a bond with a
negative yield are in effect paying the borrower. Not much in
Germany’s case, because the
bond’s yield was only minus
0.003 percent on Tuesday, but the
benchmark bond crossed a historic line.
Negative rates may not be as
strange as they look. Indeed,
interest rates may not be as low
as they look.
In economics, it is important to
look at the value of something
after it has been adjusted for
inflation. A company borrowing
at 5 percent when inflation is 2
percent is paying a real interest
rate of 3 percent. If the real borrowing cost goes up by a lot,
companies will borrow less and
the wider economy will suffer.
Europe recently faced that
danger, but for a reason that
might not be obvious.
At the start of 2015, the average corporate loan had a nominal
interest rate of 2.44 percent,
according to European Central
Bank data, down from nearly 3
percent a year earlier. But in real
The Upshot provides news,
analysis and graphics about
politics, policy and everyday life.
nytimes.com/upshot
LUCAS JACKSON/REUTERS
The Dow Minute by Minute
Position of the Dow Jones industrial average at 1-minute intervals on
Wednesday.
17,780
17,740
17,700
17,660
Previous close
17,674.82
10 a.m.
Noon
Source: Reuters
Ms. Hooper of Allianz said a potential Brexit had “not loomed as
large with investors as it should
have.”
In economic data, the Fed said
on Wednesday that industrial output — which includes factories,
mines and utilities — dropped 0.4
percent from April. The decline reversed the 0.6 percent gain seen
between April and March, an im-
17,620
2 p.m.
4 p.m.
THE NEW YORK TIMES
provement that was taken as a
sign the industrial economy was
turning around.
“The industrial side of the U.S.
economy remains under pressure,” said Gus Faucher, deputy
chief economist at the PNC Financial Services Group.
Manufacturing fell 0.4 percent
last month, as motor vehicle production tumbled 4.4 percent. Min-
Traders worked on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange as
the Federal Reserve chairwoman, Janet L. Yellen, spoke on television. Most investors were focused on Britain’s decision on
whether to remain in the European Union.
ing production rose 0.2 percent,
helped by a rebound in coal, but
remained down 11.5 percent from a
year ago. Utilities slipped 1 percent.
In a separate report, the Labor
Department
said
that
its
Producer Price Index, which
measures inflation pressures before they reach the consumer, increased 0.4 percent in May after a
0.2 percent rise in April. It was the
biggest gain since a similar 0.4
percent increase in January.
Core inflation, which excludes
energy and food, was up 0.3 percent in May, an acceleration from
a modest 0.1 percent rise in April,
indicating that inflation, which
has been below the Fed’s preferred 2 percent pace, could be
starting to accelerate.
Among individual companies,
Whole Foods Market shares fell
$1.62, or 5 percent, to $30.90 after
the Food and Drug Administration said there were “serious vio-
lations” at a kitchen in Massachusetts that may have resulted in
contaminated food and the grocery chain had not done enough to
fix them.
Benchmark United States
crude oil fell 48 cents to close at
$48.01 a barrel in New York. The
price has fallen 6.3 percent over
the last five days. Brent crude,
used to price international oils, fell
86 cents to close at $48.97 a barrel
in London.
In other energy commodities,
wholesale gasoline futures fell 2
cents, to $1.50 a gallon; heating oil
closed down 2 cents, to $1.48 a gallon; and natural gas fell 1 cent, to
$2.595 per 1,000 cubic feet.
The dollar fell to 106.01 yen from
106.12 yen. The euro edged up to
$1.1251 from $1.1204.
Gold prices rose 20 cents, to
$1,285.80 an ounce. Silver rose 8
cents, to $17.50 an ounce, and copper closed up 5 cents, to $2.091 a
pound.
Fed Slows Plan on Rates
On Disappointing Data
From Page A1
B3
N
would rise to just 2.4 percent by
the end of 2018, down from the
March median of 3 percent. That
suggests officials increasingly regard mediocre global economic
growth as an enduring malaise.
The Fed also appears increasingly open to the view that a shift
in basic economic dynamics, driven by factors like lower productivity growth and an aging population, is holding down interest
rates. That means low rates are
less stimulative than they would
have been in earlier eras. “It
means that long rates can remain
low without causing the economy
to overheat, and therefore the urgency of tightening is very substantially diminished,” said Andrew Levin, a Dartmouth College
economist.
Markets are even more pessimistic than the Fed. The yield on
the benchmark 10-year Treasury
fell to 1.58 percent, the lowest level
since 2012. That is part of a
broader decline in global rates
that, in recent days, also has sent
the yield on 10-year German debt
below zero for the first time.
Equity markets, which in recent
years have often celebrated when
central banks hold down rates,
also declined modestly on
Wednesday. The Standard &
Poor’s 500-stock index fell 0.18
percent to close at 2,071.50.
Fed officials increasingly think
the economy has exited its
postcrisis period, according to
terms, that 2.44 percent was
actually 3 percent. That’s because deflation — a decline in
prices — was 0.6 percent in
January 2015. Deflation, unlike
inflation, makes loans cost more
in real terms.
In the last 18 months, the
E.C.B. has introduced more
measures that have helped bring
down the average cost of a corporate loan. Nominally, its interest rate was 1.99 percent in April,
but the real cost was 2.24 percent. From 2003 till 2008, the real
corporate borrowing rate was, on
average, 2.1 percent.
A caveat: A sharp decline in
the real interest rate may not
always lead to more borrowing.
The real cost of borrowing declined below 1 percent in 2012
because interest rates were
falling while inflation remained
relatively high. But Europe was
then gripped with fears of sovereign debt defaults; the economy
stagnated; and investors and
corporate managers feared deflation. Lending slumped in that
period.
Anyone holding bonds is probably doing pretty well right now.
Still, some investors contend that
these negative yields are distorting markets and are doing little,
if anything, for the economy.
But there are now signs of life
in Europe’s credit sector. One
way the E.C.B. can blow on those
sparks is to keep buying bonds.
This does crazy things like turning German bond yields negative. But it also pulls down borrowing costs for corporations —
and, when adjusting for inflation,
companies are still not getting
particularly cheap loans.
Janet L. Yellen disagreed with
those who said the Fed had
underestimated the effects of
its rate increase in December.
JIM LO SCALZO/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
economic projections the central
bank published on Wednesday.
The recovery, in other words, may
not be complete, but it is over.
Most officials predicted stable
growth around 2 percent over the
next few years, and they foresaw
little if any additional decline in
the unemployment rate, which fell
to 4.7 percent in May, the lowest
level unemployment had reached
since 2007, before the recession.
But economic growth has disappointed expectations, and the
Fed’s benchmark rate remains in
a range between 0.25 and 0.5 percent after a single rate increase
last December.
As recently as late May, Ms.
Yellen predicted the Fed would
raise rates in “the coming
months.” On Wednesday, she
downgraded a summer move to
“not impossible.”
Jon Faust, an economist at
Johns Hopkins University and a
former adviser to Ms. Yellen, said
the Fed was standing still because
the basic economic situation had
been remarkably stable. For the
last several years, the labor market has gradually improved while
inflation has been sluggish.
“I suspect that the core policy
developments have never been so
static for so long,” Mr. Faust
wrote.
Under those circumstances it
makes perfect sense for the Fed to
watch and wait.
Consumer spending has driven
domestic economic growth, and
Ms. Yellen said she expected the
trend to continue on the back of
job growth and rising wages. But
Fed officials were surprised by
the slow pace of job growth in May,
when the economy was estimated
to have added just 38,000 jobs.
And a Fed index that summarizes
labor market conditions has fallen
to the lowest level in seven years.
Officials also have expressed increased concern about inflation
expectations, which play a significant role in determining future inflation. (Workers, for example,
may seek larger raises if they expect prices to rise more quickly.)
The University of Michigan’s consumer survey reported last week
that consumers expected 2.3 percent annual inflation in five years,
the lowest level in the survey’s
history.
Ms. Yellen emphasized again on
Wednesday that Fed officials also
saw significant risks in moving
too quickly. Because interest rates
already are low, the Fed has little
room to ease conditions if growth
falters. Officials say it will be easier to respond to faster inflation
than to an economic downturn.
Some economists see evidence
that the Fed itself is playing a role
in the slowdown. The Fed raised
rates in December for the first
time since the financial crisis, and
officials have made clear that they
would like to keep raising rates.
Moreover, the decline in the Fed’s
projection of long-term interest
rates suggests that the Fed may
have underestimated the impact
of its actions in December.
But Ms. Yellen said on Wednesday that the Fed’s move in December amounted to a small adjustment in rates, and that she did not
agree with critics that it had an
outsize impact. “I really don’t
think that a single rate increase in
December has had much significance for the outlook,” she said.
B4
N
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Why the I.R.S. Fails to Crack the Small-Business ‘Tax Gap’
By STACY COWLEY
Sizing up the honesty of smallbusiness owners is one of the Internal Revenue Service’s most
vexing problems.
The agency estimates that it
collects $458 billion a year less in
taxes from all Americans than the
government is actually due. Most
of that “tax gap” is income that
goes unreported, and the biggest
chunk of it, by far — $125 billion —
is individual business income.
Taxpayers in this category, primarily sole proprietors, pay taxes
on the money their operations
make through their personal returns. Thus, their cash flows can
be particularly opaque.
Take owners like Rebeca Mojica, a chainmaille jewelry designer in West Hollywood, Calif.,
who was audited in 2011. Her sales
fluctuate significantly from year
to year, and she takes some payments in cash. Were she so inclined, she could easily hide a
chunk of that income.
The dreaded audit is the main
way the I.R.S. catches scofflaws
and ferrets out unreported income, but it is a time-consuming
and imperfect tool. Short on resources, the agency collected just
$7.3 billion from audits last year,
its lowest total in 13 years.
What the I.R.S. really wants is
for business owners to voluntarily
pay more of what they owe. But 63
percent of “low visibility” income,
the kind that isn’t captured by outside parties on tax information
documents, is not disclosed on tax
forms, the agency says.
So for the last four years, the
Taxpayer Advocate Service, an independent office within the I.R.S.,
has been running studies to help it
figure out how more small-business owners who pay their taxes
can be persuaded to report their
earnings more accurately.
One finding suggests that audits, the agency’s most powerful
compliance tool, seem to have little lasting deterrent effect on tax
cheats, and could even backfire
for honest taxpayers.
That discovery, and others,
could help inform the agency’s future collection techniques.
For one thing, those suspected
of tax dodging tend to cluster in
certain geographic areas. The
agency mapped out 365 communi-
ANN SUMMA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Rebeca Mojica, a jewelry maker, was audited in 2011. She owed nothing, she said, but the audit spurred her to keep better records.
ties with notably low tax-compliance rates among sole proprietors. Many were based in the
South and West. California alone
makes up a full third of the list;
Georgia and Texas were also
heavily represented.
(The researchers tried to compile a similar data set of high-compliance places where business
owners are likely to report their
earnings accurately, but it found
only three. Those in Mott Haven, a
neighborhood in the South Bronx;
West Somerville, Mass.; and Portersville, Ind., appear to be unusually law-abiding.)
What is behind the clusters?
Community norms play a major
role, the tax researchers theorized. Business owners who were
less compliant in paying their
taxes were more likely to be active
in civic groups and religious congregations, and they “appear to
exhibit a stronger association
with local institutions than national ones such as the federal
government.”
In other words, if people at your
neighborhood potlucks or trade
group meetings take a dim view of
Washington, you might be more
inclined to do some fudging at tax
time.
Another surprise was the effectiveness of audits.
Self-employed individuals who
went through an audit and were
found to be clean reported less income in subsequent years, a different study found. The drop wasn’t small: Three years after their
audits, the study’s test group of
taxpayers reported 35 percent
less in taxable income than a control group of similar taxpayers
who had not been audited.
The researchers could only
guess at a cause. The audit may
have been a discouraging experience and sapped the subject’s “tax
morale.” Or perhaps it inadvertently offered insight into previously unknown tactics for both legal tax avoidance and illegal tax
evasion.
Most audits are not random.
The I.R.S. has a secret algorithm
that it uses to calculate how likely
each taxpayer is to have unreported income. Those with high scores
are more likely to be audited —
and once the auditors start digging, they usually find things. Of
the 1.2 million individual returns
that the agency audited (including sole proprietorships) in 2014,
only 13 percent emerged without
any tax adjustments.
For those who dodge their taxes
and get caught, the sting seems to
fade fast. In the years right after
an audit, taxpayers who had to
make additional payments ap-
peared to become a bit more compliant, but the effect diminished
over time and disappeared entirely by Year 5, another study
found.
“Any initial impact of the audit
on compliance is short-lived,” the
researchers concluded.
That doesn’t surprise Fred
Daily, a Florida tax lawyer who
specializes in audits and tax
crimes.
“I’ve had people who got caught
by the I.R.S. and got serious damage — hundreds of thousands of
dollars of damage — and at first,
they’re like people just out of jail:
‘I’m never going back again!’ A
few years later, they’re right back
to doing what they had done before,” he said. “People’s character
doesn’t change.”
Still, Mr. Daily says that only a
minority of those he encounters
actively intend to cheat. Many
people, especially business owners, run into problems in an audit
simply because they kept bad
records or did not understand all
of their tax obligations.
“It’s so easy to call yourself a
sole proprietor; just put up a website or print a business card,” he
said. “They don’t realize all the requirements, like quarterly estimated reporting and the self-employment tax. The tax laws are impenetrable.”
But even for law-abiding owners, an audit is unnerving and
time-consuming. Ms. Mojica, the
jewelry designer, estimates that
she spent $500 in accounting fees
and 15 hours of her and her staff’s
time dealing with her 2011 audit.
The process lasted seven months.
In the end, she owed nothing —
which provided an unanticipated
psychological boost.
“I had this feeling of, ‘Yay! I’m
doing all right!’ ” Ms. Mojica said.
“I also felt motivated to keep even
better records. I spent an hour or
two trying to find information on a
very small number of transactions, and I could have been
spared that if we’d kept a better
paper trail.”
The good news for business
owners is that audits are extremely rare. Around 1.5 percent
of self-employed taxpayers are
audited each year, the agency
says.
In any case, businesses should
always brace for the possibility of
an audit. “Document everything”
is the advice Vanessa Kruze, an
accountant who focuses on startups, gives her clients. Expense reports draw particular scrutiny
from auditors, and using a program like Expensify to track receipts makes it much simpler to
back up claims, she said.
Mr. Daily, who has been steering clients through audits for 35
years, said the biggest surprise to
him is how rarely the I.R.S. checks
back on the worst offenders.
The agency’s budget cuts have
taken a noticeable toll, he said.
“It’s really counterintuitive how
they do not stay on some of these
people and audit them year after
year,” Mr. Daily said. “I’ve had
people where, as we finish an audit, I’ve said, ‘This very likely isn’t
the last time you will see the I.R.S.’
— and actually, it is.”
Finance Titans Batten Down as Odds of Britain’s Exit From E.U. Rise In Letter,
Redstone
Lashes Out
From Page A1
pound and London stocks have
been falling in frenzied trading.
The conversation is now focused on managing the risks of
Brexit. The trouble is that the worries are so diffuse and rife with unknowns that any attack plan
amounts to an exercise in guesswork and hope. Executives,
bankers and bureaucrats are
grappling with something that
could be minor or momentous and
has never happened before.
Maybe the Brexit — for British
exit — would merely lop value
from the pound before traders
turned their attention to a more
consequential plot twist elsewhere. Perhaps it would inspire
separatist movements from Scotland to Spain, embolden antitrade populists across the Continent and reinvigorate existential
questions gnawing at the common
euro currency. That could sow
fear across world markets.
A Brexit might spook investors
into entrusting their money only
to the safest repositories like
American Treasuries. That could
strengthen the American dollar
and weaken American exports,
while starving riskier emerging
markets of investment.
Whatever stories policy makers
and businesspeople tell themselves, the only certainty is a surplus of uncertainty. Whatever provisional plans they sketch, they
will find themselves mostly just
wishing that nothing terrible happens.
“On the financial markets, there
is nothing they can do; it will just
hit them,” said Adam S. Posen, a
former member of the rate-setting
committee at the Bank of England
and now president of the Peterson
Institute for International Economics in Washington. “If my
house is going to catch on fire, I
can plan to have some water on
hand, but there’s only so much you
can do.”
If you run a central bank, water
comes in the form of liquidity.
Most experts assume the Bank of
England and its counterparts
have readied plans to lend to financial institutions that could face
cash shortages. In recent days,
European Central Bank officials
have signaled readiness to inject
money into the financial sphere.
In a speech last week, the Federal
Reserve chairwoman, Janet L.
Yellen, warned that a Brexit could
have
“significant
economic
repercussions.”
Much of the business world
once shrugged off the Brexit vote
as noisy political theater that
By EMILY STEEL
WILL OLIVER/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
George Osborne, chancellor of the Exchequer, arguing to remain in the E.U. Behind him: Jamie Dimon, JPMorgan Chase’s chief.
would eventually be muted by
economic common sense. But recent polls have showed the
“leave” camp slightly ahead.
“That kind of threw the cat
among the pigeons and panicked
everyone,” said Jeremy Cook,
chief economist at World First, a
London company that manages
foreign
exchange
for
multinationals. “We’ve seen a
pickup in client hedging.”
A company that, say, imports
goods from China to sell in Britain
fears that the pound is about to
drop, making those Chinese goods
more expensive. So it buys contracts that essentially lock in today’s exchange rate for the future.
According
to
Laurence
Wormald, head of research at FIS,
which provides technology and
market intelligence to financial
services
companies,
British
stocks would most likely fall 15
percent after a Brexit, with the
pound dropping by a similar proportion.
If a Brexit vote hurts the British
economy, the central bank might
feel compelled to lower rates to
motivate businesses and households to borrow and spend. But
the bank might well do the opposite, raising rates to stop a currency slide.
The most nettlesome variable
may be trade. Britain sells nearly
half its exports within the European Union. Multinational corporations have set up headquarters
in Britain, using those bases to
serve customers across the Continent.
Those campaigning for a Brexit
assure that a vote to leave would
change nothing right away. Britain would remain a fully fledged
member of Europe’s marketplace
for two years as it negotiated a
Planning is tricky for
an event that’s never
happened before.
new arrangement with the 27 remaining members of the union.
But if Britain failed to secure a
deal, commerce with Europe
could be governed by the terms of
the World Trade Organization,
which gives member nations the
authority to impose potentially
steep tariffs on imports.
The debate over the Brexit is
full of references to sundry alternative models. Norway enjoys access to the European market although it remains outside the union. Switzerland has achieved
similar status through a thicket of
treaties. But in both cases, they
must
accept
something
supporters of Brexit want to eliminate — European rules that allow
people to move liberally from
country to country.
Those urging a Brexit insist
Britain can negotiate a tailormade deal. Many economists describe that notion as somewhere
between fanciful and delusional.
Eager to discourage other members from considering an exit, Europe would seek to ensure that
Britain paid a price.
If Britain dumps Europe, “they
are not going to say, ‘Well, O.K.,
here’s a good deal,’” said Paul
Johnson, director of the Institute
for Fiscal Studies, an independent
research institution in London.
Nowhere are preparations
more intense than in finance. London has parlayed expertise in
banking and inclusion in Europe
to secure dominance over large
areas of trading. As the referendum approaches, financiers are
now consumed by a jigsaw puzzle
of diabolical complexity: They are
mapping out what assets they
hold and where, seeking to anticipate what jurisdictions and rules
might apply post-Brexit.
“Investment banks and asset
managers are pre-booking law
firms, consulting firms and ac-
counting firms for July,” said
William Wright, managing director of New Financial, a research
institution in London. “If we do
vote to leave on June 23, no one is
going to have the faintest idea
what impact it will have.”
Jamie Dimon, chief executive of
JPMorgan Chase, recently visited
Britain with a pointed warning. “If
the U.K. leaves the E.U., we may
have no choice but to reorganize
our business model here,” he said.
“Brexit could mean fewer JPMorgan jobs in the U.K. and more jobs
in Europe.” Citigroup offered a
similar caution.
If the sun rises on June 24 with
Britain on its way out, such a shift
could happen sooner rather than
later. At a time of crippling uncertainty, banks would feel a compulsion to at least eliminate variables
by quickly announcing their
plans, moving people within the
European Union — to Amsterdam, Dublin, Frankfurt and Paris.
In the end, contingency plans
may be devised more as salves for
frayed nerves than bona fide operational blueprints. Britain may be
on the verge of refashioning the
world map. If that happens, the
vote will set off proceedings so
complex that the only guaranteed
winners are the lawyers.
All plans will be subject to
change.
The ailing media mogul Sumner
M. Redstone declared in a rare
missive sent on Wednesday that
he no longer trusted Philippe P.
Dauman, Viacom’s embattled
chief executive, or those who support him.
“I am being sued by my fellow
board members and my wishes
are being ignored,” Mr. Redstone
said in the 81-word letter to Viacom’s lead independent director,
Frederic V. Salerno. Mr. Redstone
went on to state that he was “determined to act in the best interests of the company and all of its
shareholders.”
“I do not trust you or the current board to do the same,” Mr.
Redstone continued. Of Mr. Dauman, he said, “I no longer trust
Philippe or those who support
him.” The letter was sent via email
through Mr. Redstone’s longtime
assistant at Viacom.
Mike Lawrence, a spokesman
for Mr. Redstone, sent a copy of
the letter to The New York Times.
The communication did not address the repeated requests for a
meeting made by Mr. Salerno. On
Tuesday, Mr. Salerno sent a 726word open letter to Mr. Redstone
in which he made yet another request to meet with him. Previous
attempts have been put off or received no response, Viacom directors have said.
In his letter, Mr. Salerno expressed concern that Mr. Redstone’s views were not being
heard and that they had been misinterpreted by “a host of new
advisers and spokespeople.”
“They claim that strongly held
views you have expressed for
decades have, in the past few
months, completely reversed,”
Mr. Salerno said. “They say you
no longer trust your friends, your
advisers, or your board. They tell
us to believe that you have put
your daughter Shari in charge of
your trust and your board at National Amusements despite your
clearly stated wishes and planning over many years that are to
the contrary.”
In his letter Wednesday, Mr.
Redstone said there was “no
doubt” that his two new lawyers
“are my attorneys and are acting
at my direction.”
Later on Wednesday, Mr. Salerno shot back in a statement: “We
could clear a lot of this up if Sumner would share his thoughts with
me face to face.”
B5
N
U.S. Says Visium, Hedge Fund, Traded on Inside Data From F.D.A.
court filings. Prosecutors have accused Mr. Valvani of passing on
the tips to Christopher Plaford, a
former colleague, who used this
information and other insider tips
to garner illegal gains.
Mr. Johnston and Mr. Plaford,
who is also charged with trading
on illegal tips from a former official at the Centers for Medicare
and Medicaid Services, pleaded
guilty and are cooperating with
the government.
“Valvani and his hedge funds
made millions by trading on nonpublic F.D.A. drug approval information not available to the rest of
the stock market,” said Andrew J.
Ceresney, the director of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s division of enforcement.
Mr. Valvani, 44, and Mr. Johnston, 64, were introduced through a
so-called expert network in 2005
and quickly entered into a private
arrangement that spanned more
than five years. During that period, Mr. Johnston received a
Matthew Goldstein contributed reporting.
monthly payment that started at
$3,000 and later went up to as
much as $5,000 for his inside information, the government said.
From 2009 to 2010, Mr. Johnston
received $108,000 for information.
Their scheme is reminiscent of
a time when expert networks —
firms that connected hedge fund
managers with experts in various
fields — were commonly used by
the industry to get an investing
edge. These networks were the focus of a relentless and multiyear
crackdown on insider trading in
the hedge fund industry brought
by Preet Bharara, the United
States attorney in Manhattan. His
prosecutions resulted in the convictions of more than 80 traders,
consultants and analysts in the
hedge fund industry. Several of
those
convictions
involved
traders at SAC Capital Advisors,
the former hedge fund owned by
the billionaire investor Steven A.
Cohen.
Barry H. Berke, a lawyer representing Mr. Valvani, said his client
was innocent and added that his
“investment decisions were always based on rigorous and entirely appropriate research and
analysis, consistent with his high
integrity.”
“The prosecution of Mr. Valvani
is yet another example of this
United States attorney’s office
stretching the facts and law to try
to transform entirely innocent
trading decisions into a crime,”
said Mr. Berke, who also represented Michael S. Steinberg, the
highest-ranking SAC Capital employee to stand trial for insider
trading.
Last year, the government was
forced to drop Mr. Steinberg’s conviction after a federal appellate
court decision to overturn two
prominent convictions in 2014.
The ruling dealt a blow to Mr.
Bharara’s office; prosecutors argued that it was the greatest setback in decades and warned that
it would stall any new cases.
In charging Visium employees
and Mr. Johnston on Wednesday,
the government is sending a
strong signal that it can still bring
new insider trading cases. The
government has gained momentum over the last month, having
filed criminal charges against
William T. Walters, the highrolling Las Vegas gambler, and
Thomas C. Davis, a former Dean
Foods chairman, in a case that
RICK WILKING/REUTERS
Jacob Gottlieb, founder of Visium, told investors the fund
was being investigated.
also ensnared Phil Mickelson, the
champion golfer, who was named
a relief defendant.
The government on Wednesday
brought separate charges against
Mr. Plaford and Stefan Lumiere,
who are both former Visium
employees, accusing them of conspiring to inflate the value of cer-
tain stock positions to extract bigger
payouts
from
Visium
investors. Mr. Lumiere and Mr.
Plaford are accused of engaging in
a fraudulent scheme over an 18month period, using “fake” quotes
from a broker to hide the real value of at least 28 securities each
month. They used a personal cellphone or a flash drive that was delivered by courier to pass along
the inflated price quotes. Their
compensation was based in part
on the valuation of these securities. In all, these inflated prices led
to a $5.9 million payout of performance fees.
Mr. Lumiere’s lawyer declined
to comment.
“Sadly, these are schemes we
see time and time again, where
lies and use of nonpublic information profit those conducting the
crimes and everyday investors
lose out,” said Diego Rodriguez,
assistant director in charge at the
F.B.I.
Jacob Gottlieb, the founder and
chief investment officer at Visium,
which had as much as $8 billion of
assets earlier this year, told
investors in March that the firm
was being investigated by the Justice Department and the S.E.C. He
said the government was looking
at the firm’s trading of certain securities and its use of a consultant
more than five years ago. Mr.
Gottlieb was until recently married to Mr. Lumiere’s sister. Mr.
Valvani was put on paid leave in
April.
On Wednesday, Mr. Gottlieb
said in a statement, “I am deeply
saddened by today’s events.”
At one time, Visium was among
the top-performing hedge funds in
the industry. Founded in 2005, it
has long focused on investments
in health care companies and was
one of more than a handful of
hedge funds that piled into shares
of Valeant Pharmaceuticals International last year. So far this year,
it has lost investors’ money.
Mr. Johnston’s source at the
F.D.A. was a mentee and employee that he supervised when he
worked at the agency, prosecutors
said. During conversations with
this source, who was not named,
and other experts, Mr. Johnston
engaged in “banter with professional discussions,” the government said, as well as “gossip about
mutual friends and colleagues in
order to hide his efforts to obtain
nonpublic information.”
New Buyers Are Making
Big Deals on Their Own
nal people who find deals and vet
them that a private equity firm or
a bank would have.
Some banks are stepping in to
fill that void. Last month, Goldman Sachs announced plans to expand its financial sponsors group,
which works with private equity
firms, to focus more on these
emerging buyers. The group, run
by a Goldman partner, Alison J.
Mass, plans to spend the next several months identifying these
buyers and how best to cover
them, she said. It was recently renamed the Financial and Strategic Investors Group.
“It was a wake-up call for us
that we have to be forward-thinking and innovative,” Ms. Mass
said in an interview from the company’s offices in New York. “We
can’t sit and look in the rearview
mirror and just cover private equity firms anymore.”
Emerging buyers are investing
in every sector around the world.
This month, Saudi Arabia’s main
investment fund took a $3.5 billion
stake in the ride-hailing start-up
Uber, one of the largest single investments in a privately held
start-up. In March, the JAB Holding Company, the investment arm
of Germany’s Reimann family,
who are heirs to the consumer
goods company Joh. A. Benckiser,
led an investor group that completed the acquisition of Keurig
Green Mountain for about $14 billion. JAB recently agreed to acquire the doughnut maker Krispy
Kreme for $1.35 billion.
Last year, the Ontario Teachers’
Pension Plan acquired Pods, a
container moving and storage
company, from a consortium led
by the Bahrain private equity
group Arcapita. And the Abu
Dhabi Investment Authority, a big
sovereign fund in the United Arab
Emirates, was part of a group of
pension funds and other buyers
that paid $4 billion last year for
Volkswagen’s fleet management
business, LeasePlan.
Ms. Mass’s career has tracked
the transformation of private equity. She started on Wall Street 35
years ago, as private equity was
becoming a modern industry. She
worked at the now-defunct investment bank Drexel Burnham Lambert under Leon Black, who went
on to start one of the largest private equity firms, Apollo Global
Management. When Drexel went
into bankruptcy in 1990, Ms. Mass
left for Merrill Lynch. She joined
Goldman Sachs in 2001.
Her group at Goldman Sachs includes a number of prominent
women, a scarcity in the worlds of
both investment banking and private equity. As of this month, three
female partners, including Ms.
Mass, will be working with financial sponsor clients at Goldman
Sachs – out of 13 total in investment banking. Stephanie Cohen,
who is the global head of financial
sponsor mergers and acquisitions, and Sarah-Marie Martin,
who is joining from Credit Suisse,
are the other two.
By expanding her group, Ms.
Mass may be helping some of her
longtime clients as well. John Connaughton, a co-managing partner
of Bain Capital, a client of Goldman Sachs’s financial sponsors
group, said, “We find ourselves
more and more partnering with
these institutions. The more
they’re advised, the more they’re
rational and the more they understand how deals get done.”
Some of the emerging buyers
JASPER JUINEN/BLOOMBERG
Volkswagen’s fleet management company, LeasePlan, was sold for $4 billion to investors that included a big sovereign fund.
are taking steps to make their internal deal-making abilities more
professional. Abu Dhabi’s sovereign fund created its own group
three years ago to focus on direct
investments, and it now has 15
people.
Many of the emerging buyers’
deals are made in conjunction
with private equity firms, in a
practice known as co-investing.
The private equity firms offer
some investors — whom they call
limited partners — the chance to
buy stakes in deals directly alongside them. Co-investing gives pri-
Tencent Near Deal to Control Supercell
By MICHAEL J. de la MERCED
and NICK WINGFIELD
One of China’s internet giants,
Tencent, is near a deal to buy control of Supercell, the maker of the
popular Clash of Clans game, in a
transaction that would value the
Finnish game company at more
than $9 billion, a person briefed on
the matter said on Wednesday.
If completed, the deal would
show the growing might of China’s
online behemoths. Tencent, along
with Alibaba and Baidu, has become a sprawling empire of internet businesses. With a market value of about $211 billion, Tencent
controls WeChat, the popular
messaging service in China, as
well as a number of online multiplayer games hosted through its
QQ portal.
A deal for Supercell would be
the biggest takeover by any of
China’s so-called BAT trio of
Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent, according to data from Standard &
Poor’s Global Market Intelligence.
Buying Supercell, which has
produced a string of mobile game
hits with Clash of Clans, Hay Day
and Clash Royale, would further
bolster Tencent’s presence in the
mobile game market. Tencent is
already China’s dominant online
game company, accounting for
about 32 percent of revenue from
the country’s online game market
in 2015, according to Niko Partners, a research firm. The company also owns Riot Games, the
maker of League of Legends, a
blockbuster PC battle game with
an estimated 98.4 million players
and $150 million a month in revenue, according to SuperData Research.
Supercell is one of a handful of
standout successes in the mobile
game business, where it has
proved difficult for many companies to make money — or at least
to hold on to their prosperity.
Clash of Clans, Supercell’s bestknown game, was introduced
nearly four years ago and has remained one of the most popular
apps for smartphones and tablets.
On Apple’s App Store, Clash of
Clans is currently the fourth-highest-grossing app in the United
States, while Clash Royale is No. 7.
Both games are free, but like
nearly all of the most lucrative
mobile titles today, they generate
revenue through microtransactions — purchases of virtual currency that help players advance
more quickly.
And players buy a lot of virtual
goodies from Supercell. In March,
the company reported revenue of
$2.33 billion for 2015, up from $1.78
billion the previous year, and
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization of
$964 million, up from $592 million.
It said at the time that it had only
180 employees, relatively few for a
company of its financial scale.
In April, Supercell was making
just under $4 million a day in revenue from Clash of Clans, SuperData Research estimates. In 2015,
Supercell introduced Clash of
Clans in China.
Under terms of the proposed
deal, Tencent would buy the
roughly 73 percent stake in Supercell that is currently held by SoftBank, the Japanese telecommunications provider, said the
person who was briefed and who
spoke on condition of anonymity.
Supercell’s founders would remain at the company.
A representative for Supercell
declined to comment. Representatives for Tencent and SoftBank
could not be reached.
Watch memorable TimesTalks
programs on YouTube.
YOUTUBE.COM/TIMESTALKS
vate equity firms access to a
larger pool of capital to make bigger acquisitions, while it allows
investors to pay few or no fees. Of
140 limited partners surveyed last
year by PricewaterhouseCoopers,
73 percent said they had co-invested in at least one deal.
When Apollo wanted to take the
ADT Corporation private this
year, it needed an additional $750
million to finance the $7 billion
transaction. The private equity
firm called on Koch Industries —
the conglomerate owned by the
billionaires Charles and David
Koch — to round out the investment. Koch invested, using a special type of preferred security that
was somewhat less risky than regular equity. Goldman advised
ADT on the transaction.
Private equity firms have come
under fire for the way they choose
clients to invest alongside them,
tending to give more opportunities to their larger investors, critics say. And co-investors often
reap the gains in these deals,
while other investors in the private equity fund bear the expense
of due diligence and legal fees if a
At the Tel Aviv Magistrate Court H.P. 2461-05-14
A NOTICE OF SUBSTITUTED SERVICE
The Plaintiff:Olivia Mashiach
Represented by Moshe Aharoni, Adv
16c. King George st, Jeruslaem 94229, Israel Tel: 02-6222294, Fax: 02-6248585
The defendant:
1. Eva Nissan (Stayner), New York
2. Edi Nissan, San diego, California
3. Emil Nissan, New jersey.
Since on the day of 05/01/14, the plaintiff filed to this honorable court a lawsuit requesting
the court to declare on the rights in an asset, located at 51 Aba Hilel st.. Ramat Gan, Israel.
You are invited to submit a response to the action within 30 days from the date of
publication of this notice. If a response will not be filed as stated, the plaintiff shall have
the right to obtain a ruling without your presence.
A copy of the claim and its annexes can be obtained at the officers of the attorney Moshe
Aharoni, On 16c. King George st, Jeruslaem 94229, Israel, Tel: 02-6222294, Fax: 02-6248585
Moshe Aharoni, Adv
Counsel for the Plaintiff
deal breaks.
Not all sovereign wealth funds
and other emerging buyers will be
successful.
Many
are
not
equipped to execute deals and
help turn around struggling businesses. “You have to be careful
that you don’t lower your
standards,” said Steve Feilmeier,
the chief financial officer at Koch.
“For the right opportunities, alternative buyers are going to really
do their due diligence to make
sure they’re buying a security
they’re comfortable with.”
UNITED STATES BANKRUPTCY COURT
FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE
In re:
Chapter 11
SOLUTIONS
Case No. 16-10627 (CSS)
LIQUIDATION LLC et al.,
Jointly Administered
1
Debtors.
Re: Dkt. No. 273
NOTICE OF DEADLINE FOR FILING PROOFS OF CLAIM
AND ADMINISTRATIVE CLAIMS
PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that on March 13, 2016 (the “Petition Date”),
Solutions Liquidation LLC (f/k/a SDI Solutions LLC) and Solutions Opco
Holdings, LLC (f/k/a SDI Opco Holdings, LLC) (collectively, the “Debtors”)
each filed a voluntary petition under chapter 11 the Bankruptcy Code in
the U.S.Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the“Court”).
PLEASE TAKE FURTHER NOTICE that on May 13, 2016, the Debtors
filed the Motion of Debtors for an Order (I) Establishing Deadlines for Filing
Proofs of Claim and Administrative Expense Claims and (II) Approving the
Form and Manner of Notice Thereof (the“Motion”).2
PLEASE TAKE FURTHER NOTICE that on May 31, 2016, the Court
entered an order (the“Bar Date Order”): (i) establishing July 15, 2016 at
5:00 p.m. (ET) (the “General Bar Date”) as the deadline for each person
or entity, including, without limitation, individuals, partnerships, corporations, joint ventures and trusts, other than Governmental Units (as
defined in section 101(27) of the Bankruptcy Code) to file a proof of claim
(“Proof of Claim”) against any of the Debtors for a claim that arose prior
to the Petition Date, including a claim against any Debtor for the value of
goods sold to the Debtors in the ordinary course of business and received
by the Debtors within twenty (20) days before the Petition Date (a
“503(b)(9) Claim”); (ii) establishing September 9, 2016 at 5:00 p.m.
(ET) (the “Governmental Bar Date”) as the deadline for Governmental
Units (as defined in section 101(27) of the Bankruptcy Code) to file a
Proof of Claim against any of the Debtors that arose prior to the Petition
Date; and (iii) establishing July 15, 2016 at 5:00 p.m. (ET) as the deadline (“Administrative Claims Bar Date”) for all persons or entities holding
any right to payment constituting an actual, necessary cost or expense
of administering the Debtors’ chapter 11 cases or preserving the estates
under section 503(b) and 507(a)(2) of the Bankruptcy Code (except for
503(b)(9) Claims) (each, an “Administrative Claim”) for the period from
the Petition Date through May 31, 2016 to file a request for payment of
Administrative Claim.
PLEASE TAKE FURTHER NOTICE that if any Debtor amends or supplements its Schedules (a) to reduce the undisputed, noncontingent, and
liquidated amount of a claim, (b) to change the nature or characterization of a claim, or (c) to add a new claim to the Schedules, the affected
claimant must file a Proof of Claim or amend any previously filed Proof
of Claim in respect of the amended scheduled claim in accordance with
the procedures described below so that it is received by Donlin Recano
(as defined below) on or before the later of (x) the General Bar Date or
(y) twenty-one (21) days after the claimant is served with notice of the
applicable amendment or supplement to the Schedules.
A claimant should consult an attorney if the claimant has any
questions. For more detailed information regarding who must file a
Proof of Claim or Administrative Claim and the specific requirements
regarding the filing of a Proof of Claim or Administrative Claim, you may
(i) contact the Debtors’ attorneys, DLA Piper LLP (US), by telephone at
(302) 468-5700; (ii) contact the Debtors’ claims agent, Donlin Recano
& Company, Inc. (“Donlin Recano”), by telephone at (212) 771-1128,
or (iii) visit the case website maintained by Donlin Recano at www.
donlinrecano.com/sdi. Please note that Donlin Recano is not permitted
to give you legal advice. Donlin Recano cannot advise you how to file, or
whether you should file, a Proof of Claim.
1
The Debtors and the last four digits of their respective federal taxpayer identification numbers are as follows: Solutions Liquidation LLC
(f/k/a SDI Solutions LLC) (5389) and Solutions Opco Holdings, LLC (f/k/a
SDI Opco Holdings, LLC) (8848).
2
Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have
the meanings ascribed to them in the Motion.
B6
N
PERSONAL TECH
TECH FIX
A Rundown on Apple’s Latest Software Upgrades
By BRIAN X. CHEN
SAN FRANCISCO — Apple
customers have a lot to digest this
summer.
The iPhone maker kicked off its
annual conference for software
developers on Monday with major
upgrades for the operating systems
powering its computers, mobile devices, smartwatch and TV box.
Technology enthusiasts and gear
heads are usually excited about big
upgrades, but for average consumers,
the changes can be overwhelming. Will
devices get better or worse? Will the
software change so much that it will
disrupt the tools we use for work?
Thankfully, Apple’s four upgraded
operating systems — iOS, tvOS, MacOS
and WatchOS — are due out in the fall,
so there is plenty of time to research
and prepare.
“At Apple, we believe that technology
should lift humanity and should enrich
people’s lives in all the ways they want
to experience it — whether it’s on their
wrist, in the living room, on the desk, in
the palm of their hand,” Timothy D.
Cook, Apple’s chief executive, said
during Monday’s keynote presentation.
Here is a guide to how your devices
will change if you install the software
upgrades in a few months.
IPhones and iPads
Apple’s next version of its mobile
operating system, called iOS 10, will
have an impact on how you communicate and potentially reduce the amount
of time you spend fiddling with the
phone.
Among the ways it will do this is that
the Messages app that iPhone and iPad
users primarily rely on for sending text
messages will get a major overhaul. In
the app, you will soon be able to draw
sketches and write notes to others by
hand, as well as attach animations, like
confetti or fireworks. Apple is also
letting third-party software developers
offer modifications to the Messages
app, meaning you might be able to add
TONY AVELAR/ASSOCIATED PRESS
ANDREW BURTON/GETTY IMAGES
Craig Federighi, Apple’s senior vice president for software engineering, at the Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco on Monday. At left, he
showed off the ability to write notes by hand in Messages. At right, he explained the new MacOS Sierra software, which will get access to Siri.
special messages, like stickers, special
emoji or animated GIFs.
Apple is also making major changes
to its photo app included on iPhones
and iPads. Similar to Google Photos,
Apple’s Photos app will automatically
scan your photo album and organize
the photos based on when and where
the photos were taken. In some cases, it
may automatically combine images
from an occasion, like a trip to Japan,
into video montages called Memories.
Another significant change is the
evolution of Siri, Apple’s voice assistant. Third-party app developers can
take advantage of voice commands, so
you should be able to use voice commands to summon an Uber car, send a
message through WhatsApp or map a
jog with a fitness app, among other
tricks.
Other changes will not require a
significant reset. With iOS 10, the
iPhone screen will wake up when you
raise it up — no need to press a button
anymore. Apple also redesigned its
music app with new colors and navigation features. Its default maps app will
let outside developers integrate their
services into the mapping app, so you
might be able to book a restaurant table
by tapping on a restaurant inside the
map, for example. Apple is also adding
the ability to search for nearby points
of interest, like gas stations and coffee
shops, similar to Google’s Waze app.
Macs
Apple’s Macs will soon work more
seamlessly with other Apple devices.
Among other changes, the Mac operating system, called MacOS Sierra, will
gain access to Siri. So most of what you
can do with Siri on your iPhone should
also be doable on Mac computers.
Sierra will also have tighter integration with other Apple devices. If you
are wearing an Apple Watch, you can
log into a Mac computer without typing
in a password. When shopping on the
web, you can use an iPhone to pay with
Apple Pay, the company’s mobile wallet
service, by taking out the iPhone and
registering your fingerprint to complete
the purchase.
Apple Watch
Any owner of an Apple Watch is
familiar with this situation: Try to open
a third-party app like Instagram or
Twitter on the watch, and it takes at
least five seconds to load. At that point,
you might as well just take out your
iPhone and open the app there instead.
Apple is now trying to address this
problem with WatchOS, the next version of the operating system for Apple
Watch. The company says third-party
apps will open instantly with the new
update.
Another important change is coming
to the fitness portion of Apple Watch.
With the update, you will be able to see
the fitness activity of friends wearing
Apple Watch, like the number of hours
they have stood up and calories they
have burned. Apple also added some
new watch faces, letting you tailor the
look to your liking.
Apple TV
The next version of tvOS, the Apple
TV’s software system, caters largely to
sports fans. A new feature called Live
Tune In will give you immediate access
to a live broadcast. Speaking a command like “Watch ESPN2” can load a
live sports game.
Other than that, Apple made several
improvements to areas that were the
most frustrating about Apple TV. For
one, it will support a feature called
Single Sign-On. If you have multiple
apps that offer programming from the
same pay-TV provider, you can log in
just once and all of those apps will be
authenticated. That will spare you the
headache of entering the same user
name and password repeatedly for each
of those apps.
Apple also expanded its Apple TV
remote-control app that it offers for
iPhones. Basically, the remote app will
gain the same capabilities as the physical remote for the Apple TV, which
includes a button for access to Siri. So
in the event that your remote control
vanishes between your couch cushions,
you can start the remote app on your
iPhone and use Siri to find something to
watch, or swipe around on the phone
screen to select an app.
2 Cents More
PHOTOGRAPHS BY GABRIELLE LURIE/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Apple’s director of fitness and health, Jay Blahnik, said updates to Apple Watch will let third-party apps open faster. Eddy Cue, vice president for internet
software and services, reviewed tvOS, Apple TV’s software program, which will now allow users to log in once to authenticate apps on multiple devices.
When the upgrades are released this
fall, consumers would benefit from a
somewhat cautious approach. Often
with big software upgrades, bugs creep
into earlier versions, so it’s wise to wait
at least a few weeks to assess whether
the coast is clear before jumping in.
APP SMART
Put Yourself in the Soccer Game (No Shin Guards Needed)
M
By KIT EATON
ANY soccer aficionados —
which means pretty much
half the world — are focused
right now on the UEFA Euro
2016 championship, a big event that has
brought together two dozen teams from
countries across Europe. That makes it
an opportune time to look at some apps
that can help fans keep up with news of
the sport, understand the championships and get a flavor of what it is
like to play soccer.
For straight-from-the-horse’s-mouth
news about the Euro 2016 championship, the OFFICIAL UEFA APP is the first
place to look. It aggregates news and is
a social media portal and source for
official championship information. The
app provides information about coming
games, scores in earlier matches, and
data on individual players and their
history.
The app is easy to navigate. But if
you are new to soccer, there is little to
explain what is going on and not much
in the way of emotionally charged
content to pique your interest. The app
is free at least, and available on both
iOS and Android.
For a more entertaining look at Euro
2016’s news and other soccer data,
check out the ONEFOOTBALL app. This is
an image-heavy program that pulls
together soccer news stories into a
scrollable list. Tapping on a link takes
you to the full story, and the app has a
live section that updates with news
about matches as they are being played
and offers real-time analysis.
The app sometimes lacks polish, and
if you are using it on a bigger device
like an iPad, the menus can look small
and the images sometimes seem low
quality. But for a news source that is
up-to-date and dynamic and includes
video, this app — which is free on iOS
and Android — is the one. The iOS
Dream League Soccer 2016, left, controls players with an onscreen joystick and three buttons. Onefootball, center, offers soccer news and covers matches that
are underway. Stickman Soccer 2016, right, has a cartoonish look and its games last only a few minutes, but it packs in some convincing soccer tricks.
version of the app also has an Apple
Watch app so you can see the latest
news on your wrist.
Like FORZA FOOTBALL, another soccer
app that is free on iOS and Android and
that is well known as a news source for
the sport, Onefootball is likely to be
useful after the Euro 2016 games end,
continuing to bring news from football
leagues around the world.
If you want to play a soccer game on
your mobile device, one excellent option is the DREAM LEAGUE SOCCER 2016
app, which is free on iOS and Android
with in-app purchases for additional
content.
This is a third-person-style football
simulator. You observe a soccer match
from the same point of view as a television camera, and move your players
around using an onscreen joystick and
three simple buttons to control how
they kick or pass the ball or intercept
opposing players. The game automatically swaps players for you so you
control only the one nearest the ball,
which keeps things easy to manage.
The app makes soccer feel surprisingly real, and it captures the flow of
play. The players are shown as 3-D
graphics and are well animated, and
when you score a goal there is an op-
Follow the real games, or
play a little simulated
football yourself.
tion to see a replay from many different
angles. There are even convincing
crowd noises and commentators, who
mention details of the action, including
players’ names.
There are plenty of options to control
the layout of your chosen team, to
improve players’ skills, add custom
logos and even change stadium designs. You can choose to progress
through layers of a championship or
just play a quick game. In short, this
app is sophisticated enough to keep
your attention for hours or to satisfy
urges to get in a little soccer action if
you have just a few minutes.
One thing Dream League does not
have is any sort of female representation in the game. Though women’s
soccer has become increasingly popular, the game sticks to just men’s.
For a less serious, but nonetheless
fun and weirdly realistic game of simulated football, check out the STICKMAN
SOCCER 2016 app ($1 on iOS and free
with in-app purchases for Android).
This game plays much like Dream
League, albeit with slightly simpler
controls and less in the way of team
management options.
It has a 3-D cartoon look and a faster
pace of play; games last only a few
minutes. It still manages to pack in
some convincing soccer tricks like
slides, diving saves, goal-scoring celebrations and some neat tackling moves,
plus the option to replay some recent
games.
The one quirk is the game’s look,
which as its title suggests, places you in
control of stick figures — 3-D, animated
versions of the line-drawn human
shapes we all know. That takes a little
getting used to.
Quick Call
Food52 has been a popular crowdsourced recipe website and it is now
officially packaged in an app. Called
(NOT)RECIPES, the app pulls together its
ever-growing list of user-submitted
menus into one place. You can search
for ideas by ingredient, upload your
own recipes and even see how popular
they are among other people. The app
is free on iOS.
N
B7
PERSONAL TECH
Can Apple Break Free of Its Dependence on Devices?
the help of artificial intelligence.
But a lot of these features felt small
bore. Apple still seems to view online
services as add-ons to its devices —
not as products or platforms that rise
above them. The best way to see the
shortcomings of this position is
through Siri, the voice assistant that is
Apple’s best chance to create the kind
of transcendent, cross-device experience that its competitors are now pushing.
Analysts and developers were expecting big improvements to Siri. Apple did show off a way for some apps to
integrate with Siri and for Siri to perform a few new functions on Apple TV;
Siri also found a new home on Macintosh computers. But the way Apple
presented the changes, with each Siri
advance positioned as a feature of one
of Apple’s devices, left unclear what
Apple’s ultimate aims were for the
voice assistant.
The new features fall short of remaking Siri into something fundamentally
different from what it is today. Siri, as
Apple is positioning it, is becoming a
better app launcher for your phone —
you can use it to call for an Uber ride
or to respond to a message. But it’s not
clear that it’s becoming a truly intelligent assistant, one that understands
you across your devices, that can comprehend complex queries and get
things done for you regardless of which
apps you happen to have installed on
any particular machine.
These shortcomings are not terrible.
Though many competitors have shown
off some interesting demos, at the
moment no rival voice assistant approaches the accuracy and ease of use
of an actual human assistant. Siri is
hardly behind, and there is still room
for it to become the leader. Yet the way
Apple approaches Siri is a proxy for
the way it plans to approach online
services generally.
Before we get to the limitations, here
are the details on what’s new with Siri:
First, the voice assistant can now control some third-party apps on your
Email: farhad.manjoo@nytimes.com;
Twitter: @fmanjoo
GABRIELLE LURIE/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
People filled a San Francisco arena to hear about Apple’s latest updates. The
company’s rivals are gaining ground by focusing more on the way people experience technology, as in Amazon’s Echo, an always-on digital assistant.
STUART GOLDENBERG
phone. You can send text messages
through apps like WhatsApp or Slack
using your voice — in the past, you
could do so only with Apple’s own messaging app. Depending on which
developers add Siri to their apps, you
might also be able to use your voice to
call a ride from Uber or Lyft, to pay
someone through Venmo or to tell a
fitness app to start tracking your workout.
Siri’s other new trick is Mac compatibility. You can now ask your desktop or
laptop to search through your files or
email, for instance.
These are all fine improvements. But
I am struck by the deliberate way Apple is rolling them out. One problem is
that the new Siri will not integrate with
all kinds of apps. It will be able to control only a handful of app types, including messaging apps, ride-sharing apps,
payment apps and fitness apps. Yet Siri
won’t let you control music apps, for
example — you can’t ask Siri to play a
song on Spotify, a feature reserved for
use with Apple’s own music subscription service.
This limitation could be relaxed with
time. Apple reps told me the third-party
integrations they had outlined so far
were the start of a new effort — one
that could be expanded to new app
types in the future. Still, the lack of
music support was a letdown. It’s hard
to shake the suspicion that Apple is
using Siri to give its own apps a leg up.
Another problem is that Siri is still
hopelessly tied to each Apple device.
Siri on your iPhone doesn’t really know
anything about Siri on your Mac or
Apple TV. On each device, Siri has
different capabilities: On your iPhone it
can call an Uber, if you have the Uber
app installed, but Siri on your Mac
can’t. Siri on your Apple TV can search
YouTube for clips of Stephen Curry, but
Siri on your iPhone can’t.
For now, this isn’t a big problem —
you will learn what Siri can do on each
device and adjust your queries accordingly. But that’s a curious thing to have
to do. If Siri is an intelligent assistant,
why does she need to be tied to apps
you have installed on your device? Why
can’t she call Uber from the cloud,
regardless of which device you happen
to be using?
The device-centric view gets particularly limiting when you think about
asking your assistant complicated
questions. For instance, what if you
ask, “Can you see if there’s a room at
my favorite Seattle hotel for my wedding anniversary weekend — and can
you book it if it’s less than $200 a
night?”
Google, in its demo for Home, a forthcoming voice assistant device meant to
rival Amazon’s Echo, seemed to be able
to handle such questions. Two start-ups
— Viv, which was founded by members
of the team that created the original
Siri app that Apple bought in 2010, and
SoundHound have also unveiled systems that can tackle such complex
queries.
To handle these questions, an assistant would need to pull information from
multiple online services. For instance,
booking that Seattle hotel would involve knowing your favorite place to
stay, your wedding anniversary date
and current hotel prices. It wouldn’t
make sense if that question worked
only on certain devices or only if you
had certain apps installed; ideally, it
should work on any device.
And that would be very useful. One of
the frustrations of the era ushered in by
the iPhone is app overload — there are
too many apps to download, install and
switch between to get anything done. A
lot of these apps are of little use: You
might tap that hotel-booking app once a
year, so why does it have to sit there on
your phone?
Voice interfaces could usher in a new
paradigm in computing, one that would
break free of the tyranny of apps on
devices. They could get a lot done for
us without much tapping and switching. Google, Amazon and several startups seem to be rushing headlong to
build such a system.
But based on its developer conference, I’m not sure Apple is. It’s taking a
more moderate app-based, devicecentric path. Many of its voice features
will be fine — useful, even. But it sure
isn’t pushing for a revolution.
TECH TIP
Wi-Fi Assist,
The Data Eater
Q. Can you tell me how Wi-Fi Assist
works and does it use my iPhone data?
A. Apple’s Wi-Fi Assist feature is de-
signed to keep your iPhone or cellularmodel iPad connected to the internet —
even when the device’s connection to a
wireless network is weak or unstable.
To keep the connection, the Wi-Fi Assist
Personal Tech invites questions about
computer-based technology to
techtip@nytimes.com. This column will
answer questions of general interest, but
letters cannot be answered individually.
function (available on the iPhone 5 and
later) automatically switches to your
device’s cellular connection. So yes, the
feature does consume part of the
monthly data allowance you receive
from your phone carrier.
Wi-Fi Assist does not use the backup
connection from your cellular plan for
everything. It does not kick in for apps
that stream or download large files, and
it does not enable itself automatically if
you are traveling and data-roaming on
other carriers’ networks. Wi-Fi Assist is
supposed to work for apps actively
running, not programs that may periodically download new content in the
background.
When iOS 9 was released last fall,
Wi-Fi Assist was turned on by default
and caused much dismay from users
with limited data plans whose monthly
allowances were chewed up when the
device automatically switched to the
cellular signal for extended periods. If
you are worried about conserving the
data allowance doled out by your cellular carrier, you can turn off Wi-Fi Assist and other bandwidth-hogging apps
in the iPhone’s settings.
To do that, open the iPhone’s Settings icon from the Home screen, select
Cellular and scroll down to the bottom
of the page until you see Wi-Fi Assist.
Tap the button next to it to disable the
feature. In iOS 9.3 and later, the Wi-Fi
Assist setting shows how much cellular
data it has used, which can be helpful if
you want to use the feature to stay
online but want to keep an eye on the
data meter.
Checking Lists
On Windows 10
Q. I am still getting used to Windows 10.
Can the Start Menu show a list of recently used stuff as Windows 7 does?
A. Windows 10 can display a list of files
you have recently opened, as well as
Jump Lists of common tasks in certain
programs. You can see these lists when
you click an app’s icon in the All Apps
list on the Start Menu, or right-click the
icon for an open app in the Windows
taskbar.
Right-clicking on an app tile in the
Start Menu also shows a list of frequently visited sites or items, along
with a Tasks list and a menu to resize
the selected tile. If you are running
Windows 10 on a touch-screen computer or tablet, press down on the app tile
for a second or two and then tap the
menu icon in the lower-right corner of
the tile to see the same lists. (Although
you can pin your most-used apps as
tiles in the Start Menu, they can appear
in the Most Used lists at the top of the
Start Menu.)
If you do not see these lists, make
sure the option for them is turned on in
your Windows settings. Go to the Start
Menu to Settings, click the Personalization icon and then click Start in the
list along the left side of the window. In
the Start settings, click the button to
enable “Show recently opened items in
Jump Lists on Start or the taskbar.”
J. D. BIERSDORFER
Obamacare Premiums Are Rising, and Not by a Little
ual market. Kaiser was looking at major
cities, after all, where there is supposed
to be plenty of competition and the
market is supposed to work the best.
But in our hometowns, New York City
and Washington, the proposed rate
increases were among the highest — 16
percent for each market!
Margot: Seriously! D.C. likes to brag
about how it has the highest enrollment
rate and the youngest, healthiest risk
pool in the country. But it seems clear
that even the insurers here are struggling. I think these higher rates should
remind us that this new market has
proved much harder for insurers to
figure out than we might expect three
years in.
I think the news in some rural areas
could be even worse. Those are the
places where there’s far less competition among insurers and hospitals.
Charles Gaba, a blogger who closely
tracks enrollment and insurer filings,
has published a weighted-average rate
increase for the states with numbers,
and that one is way higher than Kaiser
— 22 percent. There are reasons his
methodology will produce higher numbers than Kaiser, but he’s finding much
bigger increases than he did last year
using the same method.
Reed: The prices are also concerning, even if the federal government
ends up paying most of the bill. In New
York and Vermont, a cheap silver plan,
before taking into account subsidies,
could end up costing more than $400 a
month, according to the Kaiser estimates. In about half of the cities, somebody has to pay at least $300. That’s
steep.
Margot: I feel obliged to jump in and
say that most people aren’t paying
those sticker prices now and won’t next
year, either. The federal subsidies protect low-income folks from the brunt of
the increases. But people earning
higher incomes are definitely going to
The Upshot provides news, analysis and
graphics about politics, policy and everyday life.
nytimes.com/upshot
WHITTEN SABBATINI FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Even in urban areas, where competition was expected to be brisk and the risk pool relatively young and healthy,
insurers appear to be struggling. In 14 major cities, insurers are asking for 2017 increases twice as big as 2016’s.
feel these prices.
Reed: The question I have is whether
this is a one-time adjustment or
whether we are likely to see these kinds
of rate increases in future years. What
do you think?
Margot: I don’t see any signs that the
market is spiraling out of control. I
think the insurers just underpriced to
start, because of some combination of
bad estimates, unexpected regulatory
changes and perhaps unwise lossleader strategies. Assuming they have
better numbers to work with now and a
firmer sense of the regulatory landscape, it seems reasonable to think this
might be a one-time market correction.
Still, the increases look so high.
What’s the pessimistic case here?
Reed: For the insurers, it’s that this
group of people is sicker and costlier to
cover than they bargained for. Unless
the companies figure out how to manage those costs and keep premiums
stable, the people sitting on the sidelines — individuals who haven’t enrolled or even employers deciding
whether to send workers to the exchange — will do their best to stay out
of the market. Even if there’s no socalled death spiral, the law doesn’t
succeed in providing coverage to the
tens of millions who remain uninsured.
Margot: Well, I think we definitely
need to adjust our expectations of who
these marketplaces are primarily for.
But I think having this health insurance
option that didn’t exist before is still
really welcoming for a lot of low-income
people who used to slip between the
cracks.
Reed: And here’s where I may be at
least somewhat optimistic. While I
won’t begin to predict what will happen
in the coming elections, I think it’s
possible that lawmakers could become
more pragmatic. In states like Alaska,
where the law doesn’t seem to be working, at least there’s some conversation
taking place about what to do.
Margot: Speaking of politics, these
are the sort of scary increases that
Republicans have been warning about
for years. Yet it doesn’t seem like killing
Obamacare is Donald Trump’s top
policy priority. How do you think this is
going to affect the election?
Reed: It’s hard to know. Most people
still get their insurance through an
employer, and those rates are not going
up by double digits, so I’m not sure the
outrage will be so widespread. About
this issue, at least.
B8
N
MARKET GAUGES
S.& P.
D
500
DOW
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2,071.50
–3.82
NASDAQ
D
COMPOSITE
17,640.17
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Standard & Poor’s 500-Stock Index
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CRUDE
OIL D
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10-YEAR
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Nasdaq Composite Index
3-MONTH TREND
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THE
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Dow Jones Industrial Average
3-MONTH TREND
5,200
GOLD
U
(N.Y.)
$48.01
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19,000
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18,000
+ 5%
5,000
4,800
0%
0%
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17,000
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Apr.
May
16,000
June
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When the index follows a white line, it is changing at a constant pace; when it moves into a lighter band, the rate of change is faster.
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17640.17
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5.96
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+
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1.52
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9.80
6.57
0.58
4409.51
4834.93
4155.64
2752.42
7361.24
5616.87
260.37
2533.26
◊ 15.40 ◊ 0.35 ◊
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0.53
3.88
2.29
4.10
8.70
5.66
5.36
0.26
2247.83
21445.94
4629.18
1149.30
92.42
694.86
66.03
168.53
+ 7.77 + 0.35 ◊
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+ 0.13 + 0.20 ◊
◊ 0.92 ◊ 0.54 ◊
4.60
2.87
3.97
8.86
38.04
2.49
15.99
19.17
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+
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4.00
3.44
1.33
3.53
1.90
0.61
3.75
2.79
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+3.9
+0.5
◊0.6
◊0.3
◊1.1
+0.1
◊0.3
+0.2
+1.3
+2.9
◊1.6
+3.6
+0.1
◊0.6
◊0.2
◊0.3
◊0.2
◊3.7
988410
627966
532696
433324
392820
336428
306104
298587
293310
267971
257892
239447
235749
224866
219206
202774
201217
196334
194664
185131
Close
%
Chg
Chg
Volume
(100)
20 TOP LOSERS
13.27
8.75
8.37
16.87
17.52
6.04
8.59
41.85
17.24
7.83
11.54
13.19
10.00
17.64
9.30
11.00
15.13
6.59
13.29
5.42
Helios and M (HMNY)
Patriot Natl (PN)
Travel America (TA)
Accelerate (AXDX)
Arctic Cat (ACAT)
Evoke Pharma (EVOK)
Caesars (CZR)
Acacia (ACIA)
Esperion The (ESPR)
Shiloh Ind (SHLO)
Tobira (TBRA)
Sears (SHLD)
Attunity (ATTU)
U. S. Steel (X)
Pretivm Res (PVG)
Freeport Mcmo (FCX)
Cynapsus (CYNA)
Revolution L (RVLT)
McClatchy (MNI)
ALJ (ALJJ)
+3.38
+1.83
+1.61
+3.19
+1.94
+0.53
+0.74
+3.30
+1.34
+0.60
+0.87
+0.99
+0.75
+1.30
+0.68
+0.79
+1.08
+0.47
+0.91
+0.37
+34.2
+26.4
+23.8
+23.3
+12.5
+9.6
+9.4
+8.6
+8.4
+8.3
+8.2
+8.1
+8.1
+8.0
+7.9
+7.7
+7.7
+7.7
+7.4
+7.3
6.06
12.73
98.19
31.93
40.69
5.36
12.10
19.50
8.21
7.45
7.38
10.67
9.04
18.14
14.08
12.22
8.38
5.80
11.46
6.34
ION Geophysica (IO)
Rapid7 (RPD)
Perrigo Comp (PRGO)
Cray (CRAY)
Bob Evans Fa (BOBE)
Aeglea Bio (AGLE)
Cons Water (CWCO)
GBT (GBT)
Innocoll Hld (INNL)
Lipocine (LPCN)
Turning Point (TPB)
Energous (WATT)
CM Finance (CMFN)
Relypsa (RLYP)
SecureWorks (SCWX)
Five9 (FIVN)
GenMark (GNMK)
Sorrento (SRNE)
Liberty Tax (TAX)
Gener8 Marit (GNRT)
21673
10631
46909
9120
5541
1551
8209
9138
3846
455
1100
10417
711
163960
22251
627966
1058
652
424
1003
◊0.67
◊1.30
◊9.94
◊3.23
◊4.05
◊0.53
◊1.13
◊1.60
◊0.64
◊0.57
◊0.56
◊0.74
◊0.62
◊1.18
◊0.84
◊0.71
◊0.47
◊0.31
◊0.61
◊0.33
◊10.0
◊9.3
◊9.2
◊9.2
◊9.1
◊9.0
◊8.5
◊7.6
◊7.2
◊7.1
◊7.1
◊6.5
◊6.4
◊6.1
◊5.6
◊5.5
◊5.3
◊5.1
◊5.1
◊4.9
1174
4443
87810
14970
15025
2273
1981
8650
253
7738
1079
6400
338
22352
6053
30226
2399
3296
3635
5269
S&P 100 STOCKS
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range
1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Low Close (•) High Close Chg %Chg % Chg
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range
1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range
1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
3M (MMM)
Abbott (ABT)
AbbVie (ABBV)
Accenture (ACN)
AIG (AIG)
Allergan (AGN)
Allstate (ALL)
Alphabet (GOOGL)
Alphabet (GOOG)
Altria Gro (MO)
Amazon.com (AMZN)
American E (AXP)
Amgen (AMGN)
Anadarko P (APC)
Apple (AAPL)
AT&T (T)
Bank of Am (BAC)
Berkshire (BRKb)
Biogen (BIIB)
BlackRock (BLK)
Boeing (BA)
BONY Mello (BK)
Bristol-My (BMY)
Capital On (COF)
Caterpilla (CAT)
Celgene (CELG)
134.00
36.00
45.45
88.43
50.20
195.50
54.12
539.54
515.18
47.41
422.67
50.27
130.09
28.16
89.47
30.97
10.99
123.55
238.59
275.00
102.10
32.20
51.82
58.49
56.36
92.98
167.80
37.43
60.40
117.45
53.57
239.14
65.87
732.19
718.92
65.33
714.26
61.42
151.90
53.38
97.14
40.29
13.34
140.45
238.91
339.55
130.16
40.26
72.57
64.64
75.07
99.98
Chevron (CVX)
Cisco Syst (CSCO)
Citigroup (C)
Coca- Cola (KO)
Colgate (CL)
Comcast (CMCSA)
ConocoPhil (COP)
Costco Who (COST)
CVS Health (CVS)
Devon Ener (DVN)
Dow (DOW)
Du Pont (DD)
Eli Lilly (LLY)
EMC US (EMC)
Emerson El (EMR)
Exelon (EXC)
Exxon Mobi (XOM)
Facebook (FB)
FedEx (FDX)
Ford Motor (F)
GE (GE)
General Dy (GD)
Gilead Sci (GILD)
GM (GM)
Goldman Sa (GS)
Halliburto (HAL)
69.58
22.46
34.52
36.56
50.84
50.01
31.05
117.03
81.37
18.07
35.11
47.11
67.88
22.66
41.25
25.09
66.55
72.00
119.71
10.44
19.37
121.61
81.28
24.62
139.05
27.64
100.63
28.65
42.01
45.01
71.72
62.35
43.71
154.86
96.02
35.09
51.86
65.76
73.71
27.62
51.96
34.19
90.16
114.60
159.66
13.01
30.59
140.11
83.04
28.86
146.16
43.98
Home Depot (HD)
Honeywell (HON)
IBM (IBM)
Intel (INTC)
Johnson&Jo (JNJ)
JPMorgan (JPM)
Kinder Mor (KMI)
Lockheed (LMT)
Lowes (LOW)
MasterCard (MA)
McDonalds (MCD)
Medtronic (MDT)
Merck & Co (MRK)
MetLife (MET)
Microsoft (MSFT)
Mondelez I (MDLZ)
Monsanto (MON)
Morgan Sta (MS)
Nike (NKE)
Norfolk So (NSC)
Occidental (OXY)
Oracle (ORCL)
PayPal Hld (PYPL)
PepsiCo (PEP)
Pfizer (PFE)
PMI (PM)
92.17
87.00
116.90
24.87
81.79
50.07
11.20
181.91
62.62
74.61
87.50
55.54
45.69
35.00
39.72
35.88
81.22
21.16
47.25
64.51
58.24
33.13
30.00
76.48
28.25
76.54
171.93
51.74
71.60
120.15
64.93
340.34
69.48
810.35
789.87
66.19
731.50
81.92
181.81
84.71
132.97
40.57
18.48
148.03
420.99
369.33
150.59
45.45
75.12
92.10
88.81
140.72
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
+
◊
0.19
0.23
0.50
0.64
0.42
4.96
0.82
1.06
0.65
0.03
5.04
0.35
1.09
0.32
0.32
0.09
0.08
0.85
2.79
0.24
0.34
0.11
0.53
0.21
0.21
1.05
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
7.23
22.79
9.54
21.46
13.57
19.76
2.17
34.38
N.A.
36.05
67.17
22.61
2.77
36.16
23.87
16.21
23.99
0.53
38.47
4.96
8.56
6.81
10.00
26.60
13.30
10.02
+
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
◊
11.4
16.7
2.0
12.4
13.6
23.5
6.1
5.9
N.A.
12.2
5.7
11.7
6.4
9.9
7.7
17.1
20.7
6.4
22.0
0.3
10.0
2.3
5.5
10.5
10.5
16.5
104.26
29.49
60.95
47.13
72.72
64.99
64.13
169.73
113.65
63.41
57.10
75.72
92.85
28.77
59.37
35.95
91.43
121.08
183.50
15.84
32.05
153.76
123.37
36.88
218.77
46.69
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
+
+
+
◊
+
◊
◊
0.65
0.31
0.05
0.03
0.37
0.29
0.61
1.01
0.37
0.46
0.27
0.09
0.61
0.01
0.06
0.34
0.27
0.34
0.09
0.17
0.15
0.68
0.53
0.03
0.03
0.01
+
◊
◊
+
+
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
0.59
0.21
26.39
12.30
8.70
5.89
31.09
12.23
6.93
43.82
1.39
0.18
13.06
1.81
11.35
0.56
6.47
41.38
12.34
13.27
12.38
2.18
30.26
18.96
31.56
3.17
+
+
◊
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
+
+
+
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
+
11.9
5.5
18.8
4.8
7.7
10.5
6.4
4.1
1.8
9.7
0.7
1.3
12.5
7.6
8.6
23.1
15.7
9.5
7.2
7.7
1.8
2.0
17.9
15.1
18.9
29.2
126.53
115.52
150.68
31.61
116.41
61.97
17.65
239.45
77.04
93.34
122.25
84.23
56.09
41.93
49.69
43.83
107.64
24.72
54.31
83.50
74.85
38.44
36.84
102.86
34.79
99.65
137.82
117.51
173.78
35.59
117.74
70.61
40.28
245.37
80.76
101.76
131.96
86.31
60.07
58.23
56.85
48.58
114.70
41.04
68.19
98.75
79.75
45.24
42.55
106.94
36.46
102.55
+
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
1.29
0.01
0.38
0.53
0.71
0.11
0.16
0.25
0.96
0.77
0.26
1.26
0.16
0.33
0.14
0.19
0.89
0.12
0.19
0.70
0.27
0.39
0.32
0.37
0.20
0.24
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
+
+
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
14.79
10.97
9.69
0.08
18.35
9.36
55.31
25.48
11.01
0.86
29.19
11.42
2.81
25.56
8.42
7.57
4.62
37.80
3.88
8.60
4.62
13.89
N.A.
+ 9.95
+ 2.20
+ 21.79
◊
+
+
◊
+
◊
+
+
+
◊
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
+
+
+
+
+
+
4.3
11.5
9.5
8.2
13.3
6.2
18.3
10.3
1.3
4.1
3.5
9.5
6.2
13.0
10.4
2.3
9.3
22.3
13.1
1.3
10.8
5.2
1.8
2.9
7.8
13.4
Stock (TICKER)
52-Week Price Range
1-Day
1-Yr
YTD
Priceline (PCLN)
Procter Ga (PG)
Qualcomm (QCOM)
Raytheon (RTN)
Schlumberg (SLB)
Simon Prop (SPG)
Southern C (SO)
Starbucks (SBUX)
Synchrony (SYF)
Target (TGT)
Texas Inst (TXN)
Time Warne (TWX)
Twenty-Fir (FOX)
Twenty-Fir (FOXA)
Union Paci (UNP)
United Par (UPS)
UnitedHeal (UNH)
US Bancorp (USB)
UTC (UTX)
Verizon (VZ)
Visa (V)
Wal Mart (WMT)
Walgreens (WBA)
Walt Disne (DIS)
Wells Farg (WFC)
954
65.02
42.24
95.32
59.60
170.99
41.40
42.05
23.74
65.50
43.49
55.53
22.65
22.66
67.06
87.30
95.00
37.07
83.39
38.06
60.00
56.30
71.50
86.25
44.50
1477
83.87
67.67
137.34
90.62
214.80
51.79
64.00
36.40
85.81
62.31
91.34
33.66
34.70
102.83
107.32
140.89
46.26
116.56
54.49
81.73
74.14
97.30
122.08
58.77
1305
82.95
53.28
135.98
76.85
204.22
50.88
55.35
26.50
67.27
61.69
72.88
28.97
28.96
87.54
103.89
137.26
41.02
100.54
52.84
78.17
71.12
83.21
98.27
46.78
+
◊
+
+
◊
+
◊
◊
+
+
◊
+
◊
+
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
1.32
0.40
0.58
0.22
0.61
1.40
0.45
0.22
0.05
0.53
0.21
0.12
0.01
0.09
0.44
0.16
0.61
0.17
0.65
0.15
0.40
0.17
1.13
0.13
0.10
+
+
◊
+
◊
+
+
+
◊
◊
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
+
+
◊
◊
+
+
◊
◊
◊
◊
10.99
4.87
19.83
36.27
14.32
15.21
19.77
4.50
18.46
16.92
16.20
16.27
9.95
10.23
12.91
3.53
12.92
8.01
12.53
11.43
13.27
1.70
3.11
11.52
18.25
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
◊
+
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
2.4
4.5
6.6
9.2
10.2
5.0
8.7
7.8
12.9
7.4
12.6
12.7
6.4
6.6
11.9
8.0
16.7
3.9
4.7
14.3
0.8
16.0
2.3
6.5
13.9
– indicates stocks
Prices shown are for regular trading for the New York Stock Exchange and the American Stock Exchange which runs from 9:30 a.m., Eastern time, through the close of the Pacific Exchange, at 4:30 p.m. For the Nasdaq stock market, it is through 4 p.m. Close Last trade of the day in regular trading. +
· or ·
that reached a new 52-week high or low. Change Difference between last trade and previous day’s price in regular trading. „ or ‰ indicates stocks that rose or fell at least 4 percent. ” indicates stocks that traded 1 percent or more of their outstanding shares. n Stock was a new issue in the last year.
GOVERNMENT BONDS
FINRA TRACE CORPORATE BOND DATA
Yields
52-Week Total Returns
FINRA-BLOOMBERG
CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
FINRA-BLOOMBERG
CORPORATE BOND INDEXES
10%
+10%
high yield +7.26%
invest. gr. +4.99%
0
6
– 5
4
–10
2
–15
0
2015
invest. grade +3.50%
2016
–20
high yield –0.07%
2016
2015
Yest.
All
Investment High
Issues
Grade
Yield
+ 5
8
Yield Curve
Market Breadth
Total Issues Traded
Advances
Declines
Unchanged
52 Week High
52 Week Low
Dollar Volume*
7,400
4,126
2,822
138
560
97
23,763
4,966
2,950
1,810
53
465
27
15,430
Conv
2,234
1,046
954
79
89
65
7,428
200
130
58
6
6
5
904
End of day data. Activity as reported to FINRA TRACE.
Market breadth represents activity in all TRACE eligible
publicly traded securities. Shown below are the most
active fixed-coupon bonds ranked by par value traded.
Investment grade or high-yield is determined using
credit ratings as outlined in FINRA rules. “C” – Yield is
unavailable because of issue’s call criteria.
*Par value in millions.
Source: FINRA TRACE data. Reference information from
Reuters DataScope Data. Credit ratings from Moody’s,
Standard & Poor’s and Fitch.
Most Recent Issues
Key Rates
1-mo. ago
1-yr. ago
4%
10-year Treas.
2-year Treas.
4%
3
Prime Rate
Fed Funds
Mat.
3
2
2
1
1
Maturity
0
3
6
2
5 10
Months
Date
Rate
T-BILLS
3-mo. Sep 16
6-mo. Dec 16
BONDS & NOTES
2-yr. May 18
5-yr. May 21
10-yr. May 26
30-yr. May 46
2015
2016
Years
Issuer Name (SYMBOL)
Coupon%
Credit Rating
Moody’s S&P
Maturity
Fitch
Price
High
Low
Last
Chg
Yld%
101.898
102.125
102.231
108.907
106.853
100.000
103.115
106.885
105.388
113.476
100.140
100.031
99.012
107.722
105.114
97.000
100.955
104.916
104.680
113.295
101.898
100.473
99.012
108.162
106.053
97.350
101.790
105.422
105.285
113.295
1.402
0.597
0.146
0.087
0.668
–0.030
0.189
–1.467
0.403
–0.117
1.096
2.944
4.460
4.372
2.907
6.507
4.146
3.692
2.414
1.586
104.000
103.000
100.000
96.000
88.750
107.250
105.250
93.919
99.905
78.250
101.400
100.125
95.787
93.035
85.319
107.000
105.023
91.550
97.750
78.000
102.000
100.375
99.216
94.250
86.390
107.000
105.250
93.727
97.750
78.000
–0.300
0.250
2.216
–0.100
–0.950
0.280
–0.125
1.602
0.000
–0.250
7.875
N.A.
8.869
4.811
8.700
3.684
2.631
5.656
N.A.
10.899
99.500
115.750
136.854
104.896
98.087
60.000
85.750
113.650
120.000
119.063
98.750
114.453
136.007
104.676
97.630
57.000
83.250
112.580
119.000
116.170
98.932
115.144
136.262
104.896
98.087
57.500
85.750
112.788
119.800
117.261
–0.118
0.244
0.788
0.058
0.066
13.080
2.875
–0.748
0.208
–1.904
0.823
–4.479
–7.537
2.034
1.938
21.139
2.581
–2.527
–4.165
2.228
INVESTMENT GRADE
Hsbc Usa Inc (HBC)
Wells Fargo & Company (WFC)
Wells Fargo & Co New Medium Term Sr Nts (WFC)
Verizon Communications Inc (VZ)
Anheuser-busch Inbev Fin Inc (BUD)
Vale Overseas Ltd (VALE)
Barclays Plc (BCS)
Perrigo Fin Unlimited Co (PRGO)
Exxon Mobil Corp (XOM)
Nbcuniversal Media Llc (CMCS.HI)
2.000
3.000
4.400
4.862
3.650
5.875
4.375
4.375
3.043
5.150
Aug’18
Apr’26
Jun’46
Aug’46
Feb’26
Jun’21
Jan’26
Mar’26
Mar’26
Apr’20
A2
A2
A3
Baa1
A3
Ba3
Baa3
Baa3
Aaa
A3
A
A
A–
BBB+
A–
BBB–
BBB
BBB–
AA+
A–
AA–
AA–
A+
A–
BBB+
BBB
A
8.375
6.750
8.750
3.875
6.250
6.250
7.500
3.000
7.750
6.125
May’21
Jul’36
May’26
Nov’23
Mar’24
May’19
Jul’20
Jan’19
Jun’21
Jan’23
NR
Ba1
NR
B2
B3
Ba1
B3
B3
NR
Caa2
B+
BB+
B+
B+
B+
BBB–
B
B+
BB–
B–
BB
BB+
BB
NR
BB
BB+
NR
BB
0.500
0.500
1.125
4.000
1.375
2.000
1.625
1.000
0.350
5.875
Nov’19
Apr’19
Jan’20
Jan’19
Jan’20
Aug’19
Jun’35
Dec’19
Jun’20
Jul’21
BB+
NR
NR
BB–
BB+
NR
NR
BB–
BBB+
BB–
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
A–
HIGH YIELD
Petrobras Global Fin B V (PBR)
L Brands Inc (LTD)
Yum Brands Inc (YUM)
International Lease Fin Corp (AER)
Hd Supply Inc (HDS)
Weatherford Intl Ltd (WFT)
Sanchez Energy Corporation (SN)
Linkedin Corp (LNKD)
Citrix Sys Inc (CTXS)
Molina Healthcare Inc (MOH)
Starwood Ppty Tr Inc (STWD)
Brocade Communications Sys Inc (BRCD)
Aegerion Pharmaceuticals Inc (AEGR)
Fireeye Inc (FEYE)
Nxp Semiconductors N V (NXPI)
Priceline Group Inc (PCLN)
Weatherford Intl Ltd (WFT)
CONSUMER RATES
NR
NR
NR
NR
Ba1
Ba2
NR
NR
ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Foreign Currency
in Dollars
AMERICAS
Argentina (Peso)
Bolivia (Boliviano)
Brazil (Real)
Canada (Dollar)
Chile (Peso)
Colombia (Peso)
Dom. Rep. (Peso)
El Salvador (Colon)
Guatemala (Quetzal)
Honduras (Lempira)
Mexico (Peso)
Nicaragua (Cordoba)
Paraguay (Guarani)
Peru (New Sol)
Uruguay (New Peso)
Venezuela (Bolivar)
EUROPE
Britain (Pound)
Czech Rep (Koruna)
Denmark (Krone)
Europe (Euro)
Hungary (Forint)
Yesterday
Year
Wednesday
Friday
Ago
0.37%
3.50
2.68
3.86
3.65
4.27
2.90
3.22
2.86
Change from last week
Up
Flat
Down
4.36%
4.30
4.12
4.10
0.25%
0.24
0.33
0.55
0.74
1.42
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
5-YEAR HISTORY
+40%
Change from
previous year
Apr. ’16
+2.0%
March ’16 –2.8
.0729
.1471
.2880
.7745
.0015
.0003
.0219
.1146
.1306
.0441
.0529
.0356
.0002
.3035
.0328
.1003
1.4202
.0416
.1514
1.1251
.0036
Dollars in
Foreign Currency
13.7250
6.8000
3.4726
1.2911
685.26
2975.3
45.6800
8.7222
7.6550
22.7000
18.9072
28.1000
5653.0
3.2945
30.5100
9.9750
.7041
24.0280
6.6042
.8888
278.99
Future
Corn
Soybeans
Wheat
Live Cattle
Hogs-Lean
Cocoa
Coffee
Sugar-World
Monetary
units per
Exchange quantity
CBT
CBT
CBT
Foreign Currency
in Dollars
0.25
0.35
–0.02
–0.04
0.27
0.40
100.40
101.45
100.45
101.89
100.41
101.45
100.47
101.94
+0.11
+0.30
+0.34
+0.27
0.73
1.14
1.61
2.42
102.59
+0.40 -0.31
105.28
+0.58
0.14
126.61
+0.70
0.41
105.48
+0.83
0.83
Source: Thomson Reuters
One Dollar in Euros
1.00 euros
$1 = 0.8888
0.95
0.90
0.85
0.80
2016
2015
Norway (Krone)
Poland (Zloty)
Russia (Ruble)
Sweden (Krona)
Switzerland (Franc)
Turkey (Lira)
.1204
.2545
.0153
.1203
1.0408
.3422
8.3066
3.9291
65.5130
8.3091
.9608
2.9220
Dollars in
Foreign Currency
ASIA/PACIFIC
Australia (Dollar)
China (Yuan)
Hong Kong (Dollar)
India (Rupee)
Japan (Yen)
Malaysia (Ringgit)
New Zealand (Dollar)
Pakistan (Rupee)
Philippines (Peso)
Singapore (Dollar)
So. Korea (Won)
Taiwan (Dollar)
Thailand (Baht)
Vietnam (Dong)
.7404
.1520
.1289
.0149
.0094
.2440
.7032
.0096
.0216
.7395
.0009
.0309
.0284
.00004
1.3506
6.5785
7.7595
67.0688
106.00
4.0985
1.4221
104.45
46.2710
1.3523
1167.7
32.3540
35.2300
22322
MIDDLE EAST/AFRICA
Bahrain (Dinar)
Egypt (Pound)
Iran (Rial)
Israel (Shekel)
Jordan (Dinar)
Kenya (Shilling)
Kuwait (Dinar)
2.6582
.1126
.00003
.2597
1.4108
.0099
3.3185
.3762
8.8799
30113
3.8500
.7088
101.20
.3013
CME
CME
NYBOT
NYBOT
NYBOT
COMX
COMX
COMX
NYMX
NYMX
NYMX
Lifetime
High
Low
Date
Settle
Change
Open
Interest
582.75 351.25
1216.00 859.50
732.00 449.50
151.50 113.90
88.90
71.08
3406.00 2645.00
231.20 115.35
19.92
11.37
Jul
Jul
Jul
Jun
Jul
Jul
Jul
Jun
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
435.75 439.00 428.50 429.00
1171.25 1178.00 1154.50 1156.00
485.00 489.75 477.00 477.50
119.00 119.00 117.00 117.28
88.68
88.83
86.78
86.83
3150.00 3174.00 3150.00 3160.00
134.70 138.55 134.50 138.20
19.34
19.80
19.29
19.76
◊ 7.50
◊ 13.50
◊ 7.50
◊ 1.77
◊ 1.25
+ 15.00
+ 3.10
+ 0.42
325,753
194,101
111,394
13,646
43,644
7,917
30,087
192,478
$/oz
$/oz
$/lb
$/bbl
$/gal
$/mil.btu
1977.30 1047.20
18.05
14.81
2.93
1.95
90.70
31.61
2.77
0.94
7.30
1.94
Jun
Jun
Jun
Jul
Jun
Jun
16
16
16
16
16
16
1284.60 1296.20 1278.80 1285.80
17.49
17.49
17.49
17.49
2.07
2.12
2.07
2.09
47.90
48.72
47.28
48.01
1.49
1.50
1.46
1.48
2.61
2.63
2.59
2.60
+
+
+
◊
◊
◊
1,205
339
1,029
182,099
84,976
148,670
Apr. ’16
+6.2%
March ’16 +6.5
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
4.01%
3.94
4.55
4.56
% Total Returns
+10%
0
’11
’16
2.0
Monthly
Seasonally adjusted
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1.0
’11
’16
9 10
Real Hourly Earnings
3.25%
3.25
+1%
Change from
previous year
0% 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10
0.34%
0.30
0.37
0.61
0.80
1.46
*Credit ratings: good, FICO score 660-749; excellent, FICO score 750-850.
May ’16
Apr. ’16
–0.3%
–0.3
115
110
105
2016
Lebanon (Pound)
Saudi Arabia (Riyal)
So. Africa (Rand)
U.A.E (Dirham)
.0007
.2667
.0656
.2723
Open
High
’16
6
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Prices as of 4:45 p.m. Eastern Time.
Low
0.20
0.08
0.05
0.48
0.02
0.01
Crude Oil
$70
$48.01 a barrel
60
50
40
30
2015
2016
Vanguard Total Bond Market Index Adm(VBTLX)
PIMCO Total Return Instl(PTTRX)
Metropolitan West Total Return Bond I(MWTIX)
Dodge & Cox Income(DODIX)
T. Rowe Price New Income(PRCIX)
American Funds Bond Fund of Amer A(ABNDX)
Fidelity Total Bond(FTBFX)
Vanguard GNMA Adm(VFIJX)
JPMorgan Core Bond R6(JCBUX)
Fidelity Series Investment Grade Bond(FSIGX)
Vanguard Interm-Term Bond Index Adm(VBILX)
Vanguard Inflation-Protected Secs Adm(VAIPX)
Western Asset Core Plus Bond I(WACPX)
Baird Core Plus Bond Inst(BCOIX)
Baird Aggregate Bond Inst(BAGIX)
Fidelity US Bond Index Premium(FSITX)
Fidelity Investment Grade Bond(FBNDX)
Prudential Total Return Bond Z(PDBZX)
TIAA-CREF Bond Index Institutional(TBIIX)
Fidelity GNMA(FGMNX)
Vanguard Interm-Term Treasury Adm(VFIUX)
Vanguard Shrt-Term Infl-Prot Sec Idx I(VTSPX)
Loomis Sayles Investment Grade Bond Y(LSIIX)
% Total Returns
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
(mil.$)
LARGEST FUNDS
Average performance for all such funds
Number of funds for period
–1
’11
Existing Home Sales
Fund Name (TICKER)
Type
YTD
1 Yr
Exp. Assets
5 Yr* Ratio
Source: Bankrate.com
5.5
5.4
4
’11
’16
(mil.$)
LEADERS
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
GI
CI
CI
CI
IP
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
CI
GI
GI
IP
CI
+4.8
+3.3
+3.9
+4.3
+4.5
+4.4
+5.5
+2.8
+4.6
+5.2
+6.1
+5.7
+4.4
+5.4
+5.0
+4.8
+5.5
+5.6
+4.6
+2.4
+4.6
+2.5
+5.1
+5.5
+3.8
+4.3
+3.5
+4.8
+4.9
+4.6
+4.2
+5.4
+5.1
+7.1
+4.3
+5.6
+5.4
+5.6
+5.5
+4.0
+5.5
+5.4
+3.7
+5.8
+1.6
+1.5
+3.5
+3.5
+4.8
+3.8
+3.4
+3.4
+3.9
+3.0
+3.7
+3.7
+4.7
+2.5
+4.7
+4.4
+4.5
+3.5
+3.6
+4.9
+3.4
+2.9
+3.2
NA
+3.6
+4.5
396
+4.5
396
+3.4
378
0.06
0.46
0.43
0.43
0.59
0.60
0.45
0.11
0.34
0.45
0.09
0.10
0.45
0.30
0.30
0.07
0.45
0.59
0.12
0.45
0.10
0.05
0.60
67,107
58,211
48,435
44,918
27,712
19,740
18,916
17,927
13,606
11,683
11,425
11,236
10,952
8,342
7,831
7,694
7,447
7,354
6,340
6,266
5,320
4,944
4,808
Vanguard Extended Dur Trs Idx InstlPlu(VEDIX)
Wasatch-Hoisington US Treasury(WHOSX)
Vanguard Long-Term Treasury Admiral(VUSUX)
Fidelity Long-Term Treasury Bd Idx Pr(FLBAX)
Vanguard Long-Term Govt Bond Idx I(VLGIX)
T. Rowe Price US Treasury Long-Term(PRULX)
Dreyfus US Treasury Long-Term(DRGBX)
Vanguard Long-Term Bond Idx InstlPls(VBLIX)
GuideStone Funds Extended-Dur Bd Instl(GEDYX)
American Century Zero Coupon 2025 Inv(BTTRX)
Morgan Stanley Inst Core PlsFxdInc Ins(MPFIX)
Fidelity Intermediate Trs Bd Idx Prem(FIBAX)
GL
GL
GL
GL
GL
GL
GL
CL
CL
GL
CI
GL
+19.1
+14.4
+13.1
+13.1
+13.0
+12.6
+12.0
+12.5
+11.6
+8.2
+8.9
+5.8
+25.1
+17.9
+16.9
+16.8
+16.8
+16.1
+15.1
+13.4
+10.2
+9.7
+8.9
+7.4
NA
+11.2
+9.3
+9.2
+9.2
+8.5
+8.4
NA
+8.0
+8.0
+5.6
+4.0
0.05
0.69
0.10
0.10
0.06
0.53
0.65
0.04
0.60
0.55
0.47
0.10
242
423
2,702
993
129
406
94
2,750
146
182
169
1,343
LAGGARDS
Putnam Income C(PUICX)
Franklin Real Return A(FRRAX)
Loomis Sayles Investment Grade Bond C(LGBCX)
American Century Short Dur Inf PrBd A(APOAX)
Nuveen Core Plus Bond A(FAFIX)
Western Asset Mortgage Backed Sec A(SGVAX)
Vanguard Shrt-Term Infl-Prot Sec Idx I(VTIPX)
Transamerica Asset Allc Short Horizon(DVCSX)
Franklin Total Return C(FCTLX)
BlackRock Inflation Protected Bond Inv(BPRCX)
AMG GW&K Enhanced Core Bond Instl(MFDYX)
Western Asset Inflation Idxd Plus Bd I(WAIIX)
CI
IP
CI
IP
CI
CI
IP
CI
CI
IP
CI
IP
+1.0
+3.4
+4.7
+2.6
+4.5
+1.8
+2.4
+3.2
+3.3
+4.4
+4.7
+3.9
◊2.2
◊1.8
+0.5
+1.1
+1.3
+1.5
+1.5
+1.6
+1.6
+1.6
+1.7
+1.7
+2.6
◊0.4
+2.6
+0.7
+3.3
+4.2
NA
+3.4
+2.8
+1.0
+3.6
+1.9
1.60
0.90
1.61
0.82
0.77
0.94
0.15
0.10
1.27
1.48
0.59
0.38
197
165
1,048
51
61
599
4,758
161
453
205
56
98
*Annualized. Leaders and Laggards are among funds with at least $50 million in assets, and include no more than one class of any fund. Today’s fund types: CI-Interm-Term Bond. CL-LongSource: Morningstar
Term Bond. GI-Interm. Government. GL-Long Government. IP-Inflation-Protected Bond. NA-Not Available. YTD-Year to date. Spotlight tables rotate on a 2-week basis.
Annual Rate, in millions
Seasonally adjusted
Apr. ’16
March ’16
1505.5
3.7490
15.2351
3.6726
MUTUAL FUNDS SPOTLIGHT: LONG- AND INTERMEDIATE-TERM GOVERNMENT BONDS
Inventory-Sales Ratio
Apr. ’16
1.40
March ’16 1.41
120
Key to exchanges: CBT-Chicago Board of Trade. CME-Chicago Mercantile Exchange. CMX-Comex division of NYM. KC-Kansas City Board of Trade. NYBOT-New York Board of
Trade. NYM-New York Mercantile Exchange. Open interest is the number of contracts outstanding.
’16
Change from
previous year
3
$1 = 106.00
125
–20
’11
Consumer Borrowing
2
One Dollar in Yen
130 yen
2015
¢/bushel
¢/bushel
¢/bushel
¢/lb
¢/lb
$/ton
¢/lb
¢/lb
Fund Name (TICKER)
0% 1
3.26%
3.26
2
Durable Goods Orders
0% 1
CD’s and Money Market Rates
Money-market
$10K min. money-mkt
6-month CD
1-year CD
2-year CD
5-year IRA CD
0% 1
0.14%
3.25
3.19
3.78
4.06
4.31
3.20
3.40
2.64
Auto Loan Rates
36-mo. used car
60-mo. new car
0.26
0.36
FUTURES
Gold
Silver
Hi Grade Copper
Light Sweet Crude
Heating Oil
Natural Gas
1-year range
Home Equity
$75K line good credit*
$75K line excel. credit*
$75K loan good credit*
$75K loan excel. credit*
◊
◊
◊
◊
Yield
CONVERTIBLES
Federal funds
Prime rate
15-yr fixed
15-yr fixed jumbo
30-yr fixed
30-yr fixed jumbo
5/1 adj. rate
5/1 adj. rate jumbo
1-year adj. rate
~
1]
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2ø
Chg
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TREASURY INFLATION BONDS
[ ◊ 102.53
5-yr. Apr 21
| ◊ 105.14
10-yr. Jan 26
2ø ◊ 126.33
20-yr. Jan 29
1.000 ◊ 105.18
30-yr. Feb 46
0
30
Bid
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with analysis of industry sectors and stock indexes: nytimes.com/markets
THE NEW YORK TIMES OBITUARIES THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
B9
N
Gregory Rabassa, Noted Spanish Translator, Dies at 94
By MARGALIT FOX
Gregory Rabassa, a distinguished translator from Spanish
and Portuguese who brought the
work of luminaries like Gabriel
García Márquez and Mario Vargas Llosa to a wide English-speaking public, died on Monday in
Branford, Conn. He was 94.
His family confirmed the death.
A longtime faculty member of
Queens College and the Graduate
Center of the City University of
New York, Professor Rabassa was
widely considered one of the foremost translators of any kind in the
world. He was known in particular
for making the wave of dynamic
and powerful fiction, much of it
magic realist, that emerged in
Latin America in the 1960s and afterward — a literary phenomenon
known there as “El Boom” — accessible in English.
Foremost among those novels
was “One Hundred Years of Solitude,” Mr. García Márquez’s epochal multigenerational saga,
first published in the author’s native Colombia in 1967. Professor
Rabassa’s critically acclaimed
translation, issued in the United
States in 1970, marked the inaugural appearance in English of both
the novel and its author.
The novel, in Professor Rabassa’s rendering, became a best
seller. Mr. García Márquez, who
publicly described Professor Rabassa as “the best Latin American
writer in the English language,”
received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1982.
Writing in The New York Times,
John Leonard reviewed “One
Hundred Years of Solitude” —
which centers on the fortunes of
the mythical South American
town of Macondo and includes
such spectacularly routine phenomena as ghosts, mass insomnia
and tumbling clouds of butterflies
— calling it “superbly translated.”
He further called the novel, in
an encomium that speaks to the
translator’s skill as well as the author’s, “a cathedral of words, perceptions and legends that
amounts to the declaration of a
state of mind.”
Professor Rabassa’s other
Spanish-to-English work includes
the Argentine writer Julio
Cortázar’s novel “Hopscotch,” for
which he won a National Book
Award for translation in 1967;
“The Green House” and “Conversation in the Cathedral,” by Mr.
Vargas Llosa, a native of Peru;
and Mr. García Márquez’s “Leaf
Storm and Other Stories” and
“The Autumn of the Patriarch.”
From the Portuguese, he translated the work of the Brazilian
writers Jorge Amado, Clarice
Lispector and Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis and the Portuguese writer António Lobo An-
tunes.
Professor Rabassa was also a
masterly commentator on the singular pleasures and perils of the
translator’s art. He enumerated
them in 2005 in a memoir, “If This
Be Treason: Translation and Its
Dyscontents,” whose subtitle reflects the etymological underpinnings of that curiously spelled
word.
His renown in the field was
even more striking in that he had
never intended to become a translator at all.
The son of Miguel Rabassa, a
sugar broker from Cuba, and the
former Clara Macfarland, a New
Yorker, Gregory Luis Rabassa
was born in Yonkers on March 9,
1922. He was reared on a farm in
Hanover, N.H., where his father,
after the decline of the Cuban sugar market in the 1920s, had become a hotelier.
Wishing to assimilate, his father
A renowned expert in
his field who had
never intended to
become a translator.
used English almost exclusively.
“He only spoke Spanish when he
cut himself,” Professor Rabassa
told an interviewer in 2007.
But Gregory Rabassa fell in
love with the language as an undergraduate at Dartmouth, from
which he earned a bachelor’s degree in Romance languages. He
went on to earn a master’s in
Spanish and a doctorate in Portuguese, both from Columbia.
In World War II he served with
the Office of Strategic Services as
a cryptographer in Italy and
North Africa.
Professor Rabassa planned to
pursue a life of quiet scholarship.
He taught at Columbia from the
late 1940s to the late 1960s, when
he joined the Queens faculty, from
which he retired in 2007.
In the early ’60s, he edited Odyssey Review, a literary journal
featuring new writing from Europe and Latin America. His English translations in its pages came
to the attention of an editor at Pantheon Books, who asked him to
render Mr. Cortázar’s “Hopscotch,” about an Argentine exile’s
search for the meaning of existence, into English.
Mr. Cortázar was so pleased
with the result that he told Mr.
García Márquez to commandeer
Professor Rabassa for “One Hundred Years of Solitude.”
To build his cathedrals of words,
Professor Rabassa required scant
raw materials: “The book, a dictionary, a pile of paper,” as he told
The Times in 1981.
Labor was another matter. It is
the translator’s lot to be afflicted
with chronic, Talmudic agonizing
— over sound, over sense, over
meter, over meaning. With “One
Hundred Years of Solitude,” for instance, the torment began with
the first word of the title.
In Spanish, the novel is called
“Cien Años de Soledad,” with
“cien” meaning “100.”
But there’s the rub, for the
translator into English confronts
an instant quandary: whether to
translate “cien” as “a hundred” or
“one hundred.”
Professor Rabassa was an ardent believer in the aurality of
text. To him, “a” was an acoustic
flyspeck, little more than a fleeting grunt. He chose the more durable “one.”
The novel’s famous opening
sentence wrought compound agonies. The original reads, “Muchos
años después, frente al pelotón de
fusilamiento, el coronel Aureliano
Buendía había de recordar aquella tarde remota en que su padre lo
llevó a conocer el hielo.”
In “If This Be Treason,” Professor Rabassa traced his path
through the web of contingencies
that ensued, starting with the
phrase “pelotón de fusilamiento”:
“There are variant possibilities,” he wrote. “In the British
Army it would have been a ‘firing
party,’ which I rather like, but I
was writing for American readers.” He added:
“I chose ‘remember’ over ‘recall’ because I feel that it conveys
a deeper memory. ‘Remote’ might
have aroused thoughts of such inappropriate things as remote control and robots. Also, I liked ‘distant’ when used with time.”
Confronting the devilish verb
“conocer,” Professor Rabassa
continued:
“The word seen straight means
to know a person or thing for the
first time, to meet someone, to be
familiar with something. What is
happening here is a first-time
meeting, or learning. It can also
mean to know something more
deeply than ‘saber,’ to know from
experience. García Márquez has
used the Spanish word here with
all its connotations. But to ‘know
ice’ just won’t do in English. It implies, ‘How do you do, ice?’ It
could be ‘to experience ice.’ The
first is foolish, the second is silly.
When you get to know something
for the first time, you’ve discovered it. Only after that can you
come to know it in the full sense.”
The evocative published result:
“Many years later, as he faced the
firing squad, Colonel Aureliano
Richard Selzer, 87, Spun Tales From Surgery
By RANDI HUTTER EPSTEIN
Richard Selzer, a surgeon who
turned his operating-room experiences into fictional stories that
blended the gore, the beauty and
the absurdity of modern medicine,
died on Wednesday in North
Branford, Conn. He was 87.
His wife, Janet, confirmed his
death.
Dr. Selzer’s lofty, old-fashioned
style infused short stories, essays
and memoir. His 1991 New York
Times Magazine piece, “A Question of Mercy,” about an AIDS patient requesting assisted suicide,
inspired a play of the same title by
David Rabe, the Tony Award-winning playwright and screenwriter.
Dr. Selzer gave up medicine and
turned to writing full time when
he was 58.
“I noticed my dexterity was decreasing,” he told The Yale Daily
News in 2011, “and I didn’t want to
hurt anyone, and I also had
wanted to become a writer. So I
said, ‘I’m going to stop.’ ”
He said that when he started
writing fiction, in his 40s, he
wanted to write medically based
stories that “could only have been
written by a doctor or surgeon,
and yet it would tell a story of human interest.” They were often
based on his experiences, but with
imaginative twists.
One of his best-known stories,
“Imelda,” tells of a plastic surgeon
who, after his 4-year-old patient
dies, fixes her cleft lip so she will
look prettier at the wake. “That
happened,” he said, “sort of.”
He once said, “I believe, and I
hope it doesn’t sound immodest,
that I am the first one of my kind;
that there were no other doctors
or surgeons who wrote the kind of
things that I’ve been doing.”
Jerome Groopman, a Harvard
professor of medicine and a staff
writer for The New Yorker, endorsed that notion, writing in The
New York Times that Dr. Selzer
“helped usher in the genre of medical writing in which the physician
puts his experiences under the microscope for the lay reader’s scrutiny.”
Dr. Selzer delighted in the language of medicine as much as the
practice of it. His stories were seasoned with multisyllabic medical
terms (necrosis, enucleation, cyanosis) as well as words that have
different connotations when used
by doctors than when used by patients.
CUSHING/WHITNEY MEDICAL LIBRARY, VIA YALE
UNIVERSITY
Dr. Richard Selzer
In his short story “Whither
Thou Goest,” a doctor asks the
wife of a brain-dead patient if she
would consent to harvesting her
husband’s organs for transplantation. ‘“Harvest?’ said Hannah,
‘like the gathering of wheat?’ ”
If Dr. Selzer could not find the
word he wanted in the dictionary,
he made it up. In an introduction
to an anthology of his writing, Marie Borroff, the Sterling professor
of English emerita at Yale, pointed
A doctor who delighted
in the language of
medicine as much as
the practice of it.
to a few of her favorite Selzerisms,
among them “canimosity,” for a
dislike of dogs, and “aqualune,” to
describe the path of moonlight in
water.
“I think my writing is antique,”
Dr. Selzer said, “of the past, not of
modern tongue. The imagery is
baroque, full of metaphors and
similes. It’s my way, and I couldn’t
do it any other way.”
With his high-pitched, airy
voice, he would give readings at
universities, often to medical students, encouraging many of them
to try writing fiction. He admitted
that even his nonfiction often
stretched the truth.
“I’m a liar, but it makes a good
story,” he said on more than one
occasion. For instance, in a talk at
Yale in the 1980s, he said, falsely,
that medical students in his creative writing course didn’t know
the difference between prostrate
and prostate. He said later that
the line always drew a laugh.
His books include “The Doctor
Stories,” “Mortal Lessons: Notes
on the Art of Surgery,” “Confessions of a Knife,” “Rituals of
Surgery” and “Letters to a Young
Doctor.”
Allen Richard Selzer was born
on June 24, 1928, in Troy, N.Y., the
second son of Julius Louis Selzer,
a general practitioner, and the former Gertrude Schneider, a singer
who performed in local musicals
and operas.
He graduated from Union
College in 1948 and Albany Medical College in 1953. After an internship at Yale, he was drafted into
the Army and served as lieutenant in Korea from 1955 to 1957. He
finished his surgical residency at
Yale in 1957 and practiced until
1985, when he left his medical career to write full time.
Besides his wife of 61 years, his
survivors include a daughter,
Gretchen Lehman; two sons,
Larry and Jonathan; and seven
grandchildren. He lived in North
Branford.
Dr. Selzer’s first stabs at fiction
were horror stories, published in
Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine.
“I came by the horror naturally,” Dr. Selzer once said.
“Surgery is the one branch of
medicine that is the most violent.
After all, it’s violent to take up a
knife and cut open a person’s body
and rummage around with your
hands. I think I was attracted to
the horrific.”
He was an artist in residence at
Yaddo, the artists’ colony in Saratoga Springs, N.Y., 10 times and a
resident scholar at the Rockefeller
Foundation’s Bellagio Study Center on Lake Como in Italy. (He left
Bellagio after one week to move
into a monastery, which he found
more conducive to writing.)
Dr. Selzer received fellowships
from the John Simon Guggenheim
Memorial Foundation in 1985 and
the National Endowments for the
Arts in 1988.
“I just want to be cremated and
blow in the wind,” Dr. Selzer said
in an interview for this obituary.
However, his wife quickly reminded him, he had already
promised to donate his body to
Yale.
Buendía was to remember that
distant afternoon when his father
took him to discover ice.”
Among the other authors Professor Rabassa translated, with
their attendant pleasurable torments, were Miguel Ángel Asturias, the Guatemalan writer who
won the Nobel Prize in Literature
in 1967, and the Spaniard Juan Benet.
Professor Rabassa had homes
in Manhattan and Hampton Bays,
on Long Island. His first marriage, to Roney Edelstein, ended
in divorce. His survivors include
his second wife, the former
Clementine Christos, whom he
married in 1966; a daughter, Kate
Rabassa Wallen, from his first
marriage; another daughter,
Clara Rabassa, from his second;
and two grandchildren.
His other honors include the
PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for
Translation, the Wheatland Prize
for Translation, the Alexander
Gode Medal from the American
Translators Association and the
National Medal of Arts.
For all his acclaim, Professor
Gregory Rabassa
with the manual
typewriter that he
used to do his
work. Professor
Rabassa’s translation of “One Hundred Years of Solitude” became a
best seller.
CHESTER HIGGINS JR./THE NEW YORK TIMES
Rabassa disavowed reviewers’
accounts of his linguistic prowess:
It was the skill of the author, he insisted, that had half the battle won
for him before he took up his pen.
Deaths
Deaths
Aronow, Irving
Jellinek, Barbara
Schurin, Emily
Avakian, Anahid
Kasha, Audrey
Silverman, Gilbert
Brennan, Bonnie
Manning, Constance Simon, Kenneth
Childs , Sally
Mickle, Stuart
Dwork, Melvin
Murray, Mary
Fisher, Marjorie
Schiff, Ivy
ARONOW—Irving B., D.O.,
passed away on June 14, 2016.
Dr. Aronow was born on December 24, 1937. He graduated from Brooklyn College
and received his medical degree from Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine.
Dr. Aronow practiced family
medicine in Amityville, NY
for 40 years before retiring to
New York City and Shelter Island, NY. He is survived by
his beloved wife of 56 years,
Carole; sister Roberta and
her husband Clark; son Michael and his wife Ronni; son
Bruce and his wife Holly; and
his grandchildren Benjamin,
Brian, Alyssa, Alexander and
Nicholas. Donations may be
made to The Michael J. Fox
Foundation for Parkinson's
Research.
AVAKIAN—Anahid Ajemian,
renowned violinist, born in
New York in 1924, died suddenly at home Monday, June
13. Graduate of Julliard, winner of the Walter W. Naumburg, Distinguished Achievement Medal and Laurel Leaf
Award; co-founder of the
Composers String Quartet.
Survived by her husband
George, children Maro, Anahid and Greg, and two grandchildren. Viewing Thursday
at Gannon Funeral Home, 152
E. 28th St., 6 to 8pm. Services
Friday, June 17th at 11am, at
St. Vartan's Armenian Cathedral, 630 2nd Ave. In lieu of
flowers, kindly make donations to: Maro and Anahid
Ajemian Scholarship, Julliard
School, 60 Lincoln Center Plaza, NY, NY 10023 or Armenia
Tree Project, 400 West Cummings Park, Ste 3900, Woburn, MA 01801.
BRENNAN—Bonnie Ternes.
June 14, 2016. Age 73. Devoted mother of Bonnie and
Reilly (Andrea); and proud
Nana to Zoe. Survived by her
siblings,
Patricia, Valerie,
Paul and Michael. Predeceased by her parents, Patricia and Paul Ternes. Raised
in Detroit, she is a graduate of
the Convent of the Sacred
Heart and Marymount University. Funeral mass Friday
11am at the Academy of the
Sacred Heart, Bloomfield
Hills, MI. In lieu of flowers, the
family suggests donations to
the Academy of the Sacred
Heart, Bloomfield Hills and
the University of Detroit Jesuit High School.
CHILDS—Sally Hillman.
November 21, 1927 — June 10,
2016. On Friday, June 10, 2016,
Sally Hillman Childs died in
Boulder, CO. A resident of
Pittsburgh, PA, for 85 years
and beloved wife of the late J.
Mabon Childs, she is survived
by her four children: J. Mabon Childs Jr. (Holly), Marguerite Hillman Childs Detmer (Tom), Laura Childs
Saverin (Ken) and Sally
Childs Walsh (Alec). She is
also survived by 11 grandchildren:
Frazer
(Adam)
Roche, Ellie (Tim Romano)
Childs, Margot (Will) Stanley;
Matthew (Jennifer) Detmer,
Tommy
(Leigh)
Detmer,
Emily Detmer; Hilary Saverin, Diana Saverin; Sarah
(Thatcher)
Martin,
Mary
Walsh, Alex Walsh. Sally
leaves behind six greatgrandchildren: Nathan Detmer, Landon Roche, Mabel
Romano, Emma Detmer, Audrey Martin and Harvey
Stanley. She was preceded in
death by her parents, James
F. and Marguerite W. Hillman, and three sisters: Constance Hillman Oliver O'Neil,
Marguerite Hillman Purnell
and Audrey Hillman Hilliard.
Friends will be received at
Calvary Episcopal Church,
Pittsburgh, PA at 10:00am on
Friday, June 17th prior to a
Celebration of her life at
11:00am. Interment private. In
lieu of flowers, Remembrances may be made to Lydia's
Place (Renewal, Inc.), St. Aidan's Church in Boulder, CO,
Calvary Episcopal Church or
the charity of your choice.
Services by John A. Freyvogel, Inc. Pittsburgh
DWORK—Melvin,
94, died in New York City on
June 14, following a brief illness. Born in Kansas City,
Mel moved to New York to
attend the Parsons School of
Design, from which he graduated in 1945. A lifelong New
Yorker thereafter, he was for
several decades a highly successful interior designer renowned for his sensitive combination of eclectic styles to
create a timeless modern
look. Mel is survived by his
brother Irvin of Kansas City
and a wide circle of admiring
friends across generations.
Contributions in Mel's memory may be made to the John
Butler Foundation.
Alan Salz
FISHER—Marjorie.
The Palm Beach Country
Club expresses its profound
sorrow at the passing of its
esteemed member Marjorie
Fisher, and extends sincere
sympathy to her children,
Mary Fisher, Phillip Fisher
and his spouse Lauren, Julie
Fisher Cummings and her
spouse Peter Cummings and
Marjorie Fisher Furman and
her spouse Roy Furman,
Jane
Sherman
and
her
spouse Larry Sherman and
other members of her family.
Jeffrey B. Lane, President
Warren Spector,
Club Secretary
“If it’s a good book,” he told The
Times in 1974, “the translator has
to be a butcher to kill it. If it’s a
great book, even a clown can
make it come true.”
Taylor, Jim
JELLINEK—Barbara Ann,
LCSW
(Niemaseck),
63,
passed away peacefully on
June 12, 2016 at St. Peter's
University
Hospital,
New
Brunswick, NJ following a heroic battle with breast cancer.
Beloved wife of Igal and loving mother to Briana, she was
the cherished daughter of the
late Edward Niemaseck and
the late Jean Zawyrucha Niemaseck. She leaves behind
brothers Don (Nancy) and
Ken (Ruth), sister Kimberly
Ann,
stepmother
JoAnn
Landi, beloved nieces and
nephews and great-nieces
and great-nephews. A graduate of Rutgers University
Graduate School of Social
Work, Barbara was proud to
be a social worker and was
passionate about her profession, sharing her knowledge
and gifts with those in need.
Barbara lived her life with
love, compassion and energy. She brought the best of
herself to everything she did
and everyone she knew, and
is remembered with love and
respect by the many people
whose lives she touched. She
loved life and especially her
husband and their pup, Kira.
The family is grateful to the
dedicated staff of St. Peter's
University Hospital and the
special friends who cared for
Barbara in her final days. As
she led her life, Barbara
fought her cancer with courage, grace and dignity and
will be deeply missed. The
funeral will be private; a celebration of Barbara's life will
be held at a later date. Condolences may be made
through Legacy.com. In lieu
of flowers, if you would like to
make a contribution in Barbara's memory, please consider
either LiveOn NY, 49 West
45th St., New York, NY 10036
(www.liveon-ny.org) or St.
Peter's Foundation to support
The Monsignor James A.
Harding Oncology Unit, 254
Easton Ave., New Brunswick,
NJ 08901.
JELLINEK—Barbara.
The Board and Staff of
LiveOn NY deeply mourn the
loss of Barbara, cherished
wife of our esteemed Executive Director, Igal Jellinek. An
ever present face at LiveOn
NY events, we will miss her
friendship and staunch support of our mission. We extend our sympathies to her
family and many friends.
David V. Pomeranz,
President
Joseph H. Girven,
Vice President
Joan L. Ryan,
Chairperson
KASHA—Audrey Sission,
a lifelong New Yorker, born
December 30, 1927, died June
12, 2016. Daughter of the late
Helene Sisson-Cerussi and
Theodore R. Sisson; mother
of the late Matthew P. Kasha;
sister of B. Peter Cerussi and
Maxine L. Sisson and Gloria
M. Cerussi. Graveside service
Friday, June 17, 11am, Warwick Cemetery, Warwick,
NY. Contributions in her memory to an animal welfare
group of your choice would
be appreciated.
MANNING—Constance.
Deaths
SCHIFF—Ivy,
82, passed away on June 11
following two years battling
cancer. Up until four weeks
before her death, Ivy enjoyed
a life rich with theater, opera,
classes at the New School,
myriad friends and loving family. After attending Brandeis and completing a master's in education at St Johns,
Ivy was a New York City public school teacher and administrator. She is survived by
her children; Robin Schiff
(David Michaelson), Matthew (Rina), Claudia Eff
(Tom), Jennifer Berg (Mitchell), nine grandchildren, stepsons Andrew and Matthew
Berchuck, and her brother
and sister-in-law, Mark and
Muriel Graber. She was predeceased by husbands, Lawrence Robert Schiff and Irving Berchuck.
Constance Howland Manning, a resident of Smith
Ranch Homes in the city of
San Rafael, California, passed
away peacefully on June 7,
2016, after an extended and
difficult illness. She was born
on June 12, 1927, the daughter SCHURIN—Emily Van Ness,
of Horace Tomlinson How68, died June 14 after a long
land and Adelaide O'Connor battle with cancer. Survived
Howland, of New Rochelle,
by her husband Ron, sons
New York. She grew up in
Zachary
and
Matthew,
New Rochelle and graduated
daughter-in-law Leah Kamin,
from Barnard College in New grandson Daniel, brothers
York City in 1949. In 1952, James (Anna) and Michael
while returning from a vacaand sisters Deirdre (Ron) and
tion in Europe on the French
Molly (Jim), and many nieces
Line steamship “Liberte”, she and nephews. Calling hours
met her future husband, Ellis
Friday, June 17 6:00-8:00pm at
Manning, Jr., a lawyer enPotter Funeral Home, 456
gaged in the practice of law in
Jackson Street, Willimantic,
Washington, D. C. They were
CT; memorial service 2:00pm
married in 1953 and had four Saturday, June 18, Hope
children in a marriage of alLutheran Church, 62 Dog
most 63 years. Connie was a
Lane, Storrs, CT; interment
devoted homemaker. She
12:00 noon Friday, June 24,
took great joy in being activePrinceton
Cemetery,
29
ly involved in her children's Greenview Avenue, Princelives throughout their school
ton, NJ. Contributions may be
days, and beyond. She is sur- made to Peace Action Educavived by her husband, by
tion Fund, 40 Witherspoon
three of her four children, and
Street, Princeton, NJ 08542;
by five grandchildren. Her
Hartford
Hospital
CB-2,
surviving children are: Ellis Hartford Hospital Fund DeW. Manning, of West Chester,
velopment,
80
Seymour
Pennsylvania; Peter T. ManStreet, Hartford, CT 06102; or
ning, of Middletown, Rhode
an
organization
of
the
Island; and Elizabeth H. Man- sender's choice.
ning, of Mill Valley, California. During her marriage, SILVERMAN—Gilbert.
The Trustees and staff of The
Connie and her family lived
Museum of Modern Art
for 21 years in Washington,
mourn the death of Gilbert
D.C. An avid reader, she enSilverman. A longstanding
joyed working at the Francis
member of the Museum's
Scott Key Bookshop in GeorTrustee Committee on Argetown. She and her husband
chives, Library, and Rerelocated to the community
search, Gilbert, along with his
known as Scarborough in the
village of Briarcliff Manor, in wife Lila, began collecting
works by Fluxus artists in
Westchester County, New
1978. In 2008 the Museum acYork, where they spent the
quired, through the generosinext 28 years, and were acty of Gilbert and Lila, the Giltive members of the Sleepy
bert and Lila Silverman
Hollow Country Club in Scarborough. Connie had a strong Fluxus Collection and Archives, widely considered the
interest in gourmet cookery.
largest and most important
After her children were
collection of its kind in the
grown and gone, she pursued
world. Assembled in Detroit
that interest as a postover three decades by the Silgraduate student at the Culinvermans, the collection comary Institute of America at
Hyde Park, New York, and as prises over 4,000 works in mediums ranging from printed
the operator of a wellephemera, multiples, drawrespected catering business
ings, and sculptural objects,
for more than a dozen years.
to photographs and film. The
Connie and Ellis loved to
Silverman Collection also intravel. They made frequent
trips with family and friends corporates an archival and library component of over
to western Europe, traveling
5,500 files containing artists'
extensively in France and
correspondence, notebooks
northern Italy. In 2002, they
and scrapbooks, and publicaretired to their vacation restions, as well as documents
idence on St. Simon's Island,
and photographs related to
Georgia. Then, in 2008, they
Fluxus performances and
made a final move to San Rafael, California. Memorial events from the 1960s to the
1990s. Gilbert and Lila's colservices will be scheduled at
lecting was iconoclastic, as
a later date.
much as the movement of
Fluxus was itself. With a love
MICKLE—Stuart Harding,
of experimentation, chance
aged 58, died May 11, 2016
operation and unceasing inafter a long illness. Son of
ventiveness, Gilbert's vision
Perry Morgan Mickle and the
embraced the lives of artists
late Peter Mickle, Stuart is
whose works he collected, as
survived by his mother and
much as the works themhis brother, Peter Wilson
selves. We extend our deepMickle.
Funeral
services
est sympathies to Lila, a
private.
member of the Museum's
Trustee Committee on ArMURRAY—Mary Jane (nee
chives, Library, and ReRiordan), of Bronxville, New search, his children, and their
York and Londonderry, Ver- families.
mont, wife of the late James
The Board of Trustees of
J. Murray, passed away on
The Museum of Modern Art
June 12, 2016 at age 73. A native of Bayside, New York, SIMON—Kenneth, NYC, age
Jane was an alumna of St.
93. Lawyer, judge, veteran.
Helena's High School, Class Graduated Georgetown, Harof 1961, and Molloy College, vard Law. Service at 199
Class of 1965. Jane was a
Bleeker St., June 17, 11am.
wife, mother, friend and educator of boundless love, de- TAYLOR—Dr. Jim.
votion and generosity. A
teacher in the fullest sense of
the term, Jane instilled in her
children and her students the
centrality of integrity, compassion and kindness, and imbued in them her insatiable
intellectual curiosity. During
her over fifty-year career,
first in the New York City
public school system, and, for
the past 29 years, at The Ursuline School in New Rochelle, Jane was an unshakable
advocate for her students
and found joy in their success.
In appearance, Jane personified elegance, but her legacy
consists of the grace, magnaWe are deeply saddened to
nimity and nobility of spirit announce the death of our
that she exemplified, and by
beloved James Allen Taylor,
which her family and count68, who died on June 5, 2016.
less friends will remember He is survived by his loving
her. She is survived by her
wife Eleanor Taylor, and
children, John, of New York, daughters Katherine Polley
NY, Elizabeth, of Somerville,
(Ray), Lana Goddu, and Yulia
MA and James, of Yonkers,
Goddu, along with his grandNY, her sister, Eileen Mulchildren Raymond, Lauren,
hern, and her husband, Euand Patrick Polley. He will be
gene, of Stamford, CT and
greatly missed by his family
their children and grandchild- and legions of friends. Consiren, and her brother, John Ridered one of the world's most
ordan, and his wife, Jane, of respected marketing and
Southampton, NY. A wake
branding
consultants,
Dr.
will be held on Thursday,
Taylor served as Global Chief
June 16, 2016 at Fred H. McMarketing Officer of Ernst &
Grath & Son Funeral Home,
Young and Gateway CompuBronxville, NY from 2-4pm
ters. Prior to that, Dr. Taylor
and 7-9pm and funeral mass
was CEO of Yankelovich,
on Friday, June 17, 2016 at the
Skelly & White. More recentChurch of St. Joseph's, Bronx- ly, he was a Vice Chairman at
ville, NY, at 10:45am DonaYouGov and a consultant on
tions may be made in her
major education research
name to the James J. Murray
studies. In 2015, he became a
Scholarship at The Ursuline
professor at Michigan State
School.
University (MSU). He held a
B.A. in Rhetoric from Berkeley, along with a Master's and
Ph.D.
in
Communication
from MSU, where he was recognized as a distinguished
alumnus. A memorial service
will be held at 3:00pm on June
23, at Trinity Church, 651 Pequot Ave., Southport, CT.
In Memoriam
EIGENFELD—Stan.
6/16/1930 - 11/11/2013
Like music to my soul, you
were a song I knew by heart
before we ever met. —Annie
B10
N
JEFF SWENSEN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Church Pews bunker at Oakmont Country Club, site of the United States Open. Many consider it North America’s most difficult course.
Complaints at Oakmont
Earn Little Sympathy
OAKMONT, Pa. — The United States
Open does not sneak up on anyone, but
every year, many players feel ambushed.
The event is billed as the most demanding test in golf, and yet when it
predictably leaves the
world’s best players struggling, if not gasping, they
nonetheless lash out with
a grating chorus of comON
plaints about unfair course
GOLF
conditions.
But a curious thing could happen
when the 116th Open begins Thursday at
the venerable Oakmont Country Club.
Ballooning scores will surely turn a few
stomachs, but the bellyaching might be
kept to a minimum.
The reason is simple: No one dares to
dis Oakmont. It is bad karma and self-
BILL
PENNINGTON
defeating.
Or as Paul Azinger, the 12-time PGA
Tour winner who is now the lead golf
analyst for Fox Sports, said, “You’re
cooked if you grumble your way around
here.”
As one of the most arduous golf
courses in North America, Oakmont is
approached with a mix of reverence and
fright. It has been humbling golfers since
before World War I. This will be the ninth
time Oakmont has hosted the Open — the
most of any site — and it has never failed
to show up a vast majority of the field.
Most players take their penance and
walk away quietly before Oakmont tacks
on another double bogey in the parking
lot for backing out of a space too carelessly.
What is the point of whining about the
course after a dreadful round? Is misadventure not to be expected here? It’s
Oakmont.
It would be like complaining that a
marathon is tiring.
The course is lengthy, its bunkers are
intimidating, the greens are terrifyingly
quick, and it has odd, inscrutable
drainage ditches just off the fairways
that resemble mass graves.
A rough round at Oakmont is something to celebrate because most rounds
are closer to horrifying. So, this year, for
once at least, protests about the severity
of an Open golf course might seem more
comical than caustic.
As Mike Davis, the executive director
of the United States Golf Association,
which conducts the championship, said:
“Stern, tough conditions are part of Oak-
Among Zika Precautions:
Fewer Guests, Frozen Sperm
After Russia was
warned that a
“crowd disturbance” could
result in its expulsion from the
European
Championships,
a fan set off
a flare. The
team’s continuing poor play
also could lead
to an early exit.
By JOHN BRANCH
FRANK AUGSTEIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
A Flare in the Stands Could Signal Russia’s Exit
By SAM BORDEN
VILLENEUVE-D’ASCQ, France — Late
Wednesday afternoon, seconds after Russia’s Denis Glushakov had scored with a
sharp, well-placed header, a fan in the Russian supporters’ end of Stade Pierre-Mauroy lit a flare. The flame was dark red. The
fan held it above his head while other spectators danced and cheered, the sparks licking the air while the smoke rose.
Stewards quickly confronted the fan, and
the flare was extinguished. But the questions now lingering over this European
Championships group-stage match —
which Slovakia won, 2-1 — are obvious: Did
mont’s DNA and have been since Day 1. I
do believe there is some understanding
of this by the players.”
Just so you understand where the
U.S.G.A. is coming from institutionally,
Davis also said that “we kind of joke
internally that if we get all compliments
from the players, we have probably done
something wrong.”
The golfers know what is coming.
They are already tiptoeing lightly around
the Oakmont grounds, hoping that they
will not accidentally insult their host.
Rory McIlroy was asked to assess the
prevailing emotion of the players as they
approached this week’s competition. As a
point of reference, the reporter noted
that the players were usually excited
heading into the Masters.
the use of a flare, which is prohibited under
UEFA rules, constitute another instance of
a “crowd disturbance” by Russian
supporters? And if so, does that mean
UEFA, European soccer’s governing body,
will follow through on a last-chance warning it issued Tuesday and eject Russia from
the tournament?
It seemed unlikely that a single fan, and a
single flare, would send home an entire
country, especially one set to host the next
World Cup. Yet the vagueness of the language UEFA used on Tuesday in giving
Russia a “suspended disqualification” for
the violent behavior of its fans after an ear-
lier match in Marseille left murkiness over
what might come next.
In an email, a spokesman for UEFA, Pedro Pinto, quickly sought to play down the
possibility that the flare could be seen as a
crowd disturbance.
“A flare qualifies as the use of fireworks
and not as crowd disturbances,” he said after the match.
Language in UEFA’s disciplinary articles does list the use of fireworks alongside
other examples of fan behavior for which a
club or federation can receive punishment,
but another UEFA representative said
ANAHEIM, Calif. — As thousands of athletes headed to the
Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro worry, to varying degrees,
about the Zika virus, at least one
American has taken a pre-emptive measure: freezing his sperm.
John Speraw, 44, the coach of
the United States men’s indoor
volleyball team, said he was preserving sperm to use for a
planned future pregnancy in case
he is infected with the mosquitoborne virus.
“My wife and I would like to
have another kid,” he said recently at U.S.A. Volleyball’s training center. “And I’m no spring
chicken. I don’t want to get Zika
and have to wait an additional
year, or whatever it may be, for us
to have kids. I’m paying attention
to Zika, and I’m concerned about
it. It’s not going to stop me from
going down there, but I’m taking
measures right now.”
The level of anxiety over Zika
among athletes and coaches
headed to the Olympics sweeps
across the spectrum. The American cyclist Tejay van Garderen,
worried about contracting Zika
and passing it along to his wife
and his unborn daughter, recently
removed himself from consideration for an Olympic spot.
In interviews with many other
likely Olympians, most said they
were not hugely concerned about
Zika but planned to take suggested precautions against it —
generally by avoiding mosquito
CHRIS CARLSON/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The coach John Speraw took
a pre-emptive measure to
ensure he can have children.
bites. The threat has mostly altered plans of friends and family
members who expected to go to
Rio to cheer them.
“My brother’s wife is pregnant,
so if I go, he won’t be coming,” the
American indoor volleyball player
Murphy Troy said. “That’s unfortunate. That’s the biggest impact
— other family and friends, people
who may have come before may
not come now.
“As far as an athlete perspective, there’s not much we can do
but be as prepared as we can to be
mosquito-free — bug spray and
long sleeves and stay inside. The
THE NEW YORK TIMES SPORTS THURSDAY, JUNE 16, 2016
N
B11
BASEBALL
Abuse Case Casts Pall
As Rockies Drop Reyes
By BILLY WITZ
GREGORY BULL/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Ichiro Suzuki’s single in the first inning gave him 4,256 career hits as a top-level pro baseball player, tying him with Pete Rose.
Suzuki Breaks Rose’s Record, With an Asterisk
By VICTOR MATHER
Ichiro Suzuki led off Wednesday
afternoon’s game against the San
Diego Padres by doing what he
has so often done in his illustrious
career in Japan and the United
States: He beat out a ground ball
for an infield single.
The hit gave him 4,256 for his
career as a top-level pro baseball
player in both countries, tying the
record total of Pete Rose, who, of
course, got all of his hits in this
country.
Then, eight innings later, in his
fifth and final at-bat of the game,
Suzuki did what he has also done
countless times — he doubled to
right, which moved him one hit
past Rose.
Suzuki’s two hits were not
enough to keep his Miami Marlins
from losing the game to the
Padres. But that hardly mattered
on a day when the 42-year-old
Suzuki, who is hitting nearly .350
this season, once again made himself a big story.
After his first hit, which was essentially an infield dribbler, he
was applauded by players and the
crowd at Petco Park. More cheers
came in the ninth.
Suzuki’s mark, however, does
come with an asterisk: His 2,979
hits in Major League Baseball are
supplemented by the 1,278 he compiled when he played for the Orix
BlueWave of the Japan Pacific
League at the start of his career.
While Suzuki’s chase of Rose’s
mark has been big news in Japan,
Rose himself, while praising Ichiro’s talent, has been dismissive of
the feat.
“I don’t think you’re going to
find anybody with credibility say
that Japanese baseball is equivalent to major league baseball,” he
told USA Today. He made similar
remarks last fall as the record first
came into view. “If you say those
hits in Japan are professional
hits,” Rose said, “then my hits in
the minor leagues are professional hits, too.”
After
Wednesday’s
game,
Suzuki took a more gracious tone
than Rose did. “I don’t think you
can compare,” he told reporters
through an interpreter when
asked about his numbers and
Rose’s. Of his 4,257 hits, he said:
GREGORY BULL/ASSOCIATED PRESS
With a double in the ninth inning, Suzuki passed Rose, but 1,278 of Suzuki’s hits came in Japan.
“Obviously, it’s a combined
record. So I always just say, What
people think about that record, if
they recognize it, I’d be happy.”
By one measure, Suzuki’s career hit mark is more impressive
than Rose’s. Entering Wednesday’s game, Ichiro had 14,334 total
plate appearances in Japan and
the major leagues. In contrast, it
took Rose 15,890 to collect his
4,256 hits.
On the other hand, Rose and
Suzuki do have more in common
than just their gift for hitting. Both
were rookies of the year in the major leagues, though Rose was 22 at
the time, and Suzuki was 27 after
arriving in Seattle from Japan.
Both showed baseball longevity:
Rose played until he was 45;
Suzuki, three years younger, is
still going strong.
Suzuki dominated the Japan
leagues, winning three straight
Most Valuable Player Awards
from 1994 to 1996. He made the
switch to the majors for the 2001
season at a time when Japanese
players, especially batters, were
rare. But he quickly silenced the
doubters, leading the league in
hitting at .350 in his first season
for the Mariners and winning the
M.V.P. and Rookie of the Year
Awards. He has led the league in
hits seven times in his career.
At age 38, an age when many
players are long out of the game,
he finally moved on from Seattle
to play for the Yankees. In 2015, he
joined the Marlins at age 41.
In his long career in the United
States, he has just two postseason
appearances; he hit .600 in
Seattle’s division series triumph
over Cleveland in his rookie year
and appeared 11 years later in the
Yankees’ 2012 playoff run.
But championships have not entirely eluded him. He was a part of
the Japan teams that won the first
two World Baseball Classics, in
2006 and 2009.
The dispute over Suzuki’s mark
is reminiscent of the storm when
the great Japanese slugger Sada-
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RED BULLS
82 games. Reyes was suspended
from the start of the season
through May 31.
Thus far, baseball’s investigators have waited for the legal
cases to unfold before handing the
cases over to Manfred. This has
made for a deliberate process that
has taken discipline out of the
hands of teams, something that
Bridich said the Rockies welcomed.
“The most important thing is
that it gives weight to cases of domestic violence,” he said. “There
is a firm national and international stance by Major League
Baseball saying this is serious and
we’re not going to leave it up to 30
different clubs to interpret things
30 different ways.”
But there is plenty of room for
interpretation in the aftermath, as
teams have shown that they are
balancing the costs and benefits of
taking on players who have been
involved in domestic violence
cases.
When the Boston Red Sox and
the Los Angeles Dodgers became
aware of Chapman’s case, it
quashed their interest in acquiring him and forced the Cincinnati
Reds to slash their price as they
tried to trade him. The Yankees
swooped in to get Chapman, an
All-Star reliever, at a sharp discount. If the Yankees do not think
they are contenders by the end of
July, they could flip Chapman, an
impending free agent, for future
help.
Now Reyes finds himself on the
open market. Not long ago, he
might have had many suitors.
When he left the Mets after the
2011 season for a six-year, $106 million deal with the Miami Marlins,
he was the reigning National
League batting champion. But after one season, the Marlins
shipped him to Toronto, where the
artificial turf took a toll on a player
whose game was defined by his
legs. He is no longer the hitter, the
base stealer or the fielder he once
was.
Reyes spent several weeks in
extended spring training and has
played nine games for Class AAA
Albuquerque, hoping to show
some team that he is worth taking
a chance on. Reyes has hit .303
with two home runs, seven runs
scored, seven walks, four strikeouts and three stolen bases.
Bridich had nothing but praise
for Reyes on Wednesday. He described him as being contrite and
said he had behaved professionally while interacting with the
Rockies’ minor leaguers during
his rehabilitation assignment.
“Wherever he lands,” Bridich
said, “there’s no reason to wish
him anything other than good
luck.”
MATT YORK/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Colorado’s Jose Reyes training with the Rockies in May. Reyes
served a two-month suspension for domestic violence.
O LY M P I C S
TV Highlights
Baseball
haru Oh approached Hank
Aaron’s 755-homer mark in 1977.
Some American sportswriters
grumbled that the marks were not
equivalent, as Japanese ballparks
tended to be smaller.
But Aaron was gracious in a
taped message broadcast in Japan that night: “I would have
loved to have been there tonight to
put the crown on top of his head,
because he certainly is quite a
gentleman, and the people of Japan have a lot to be proud of.”
Oh ended his career with 868
homers.
The next milestone for Suzuki is
3,000 major league hits; he needs
only 21 more. He would be the 30th
to get to that number, and for that
milestone, the hits he accumulated in Japan will be irrelevant.
There will be no debate about his
achievement.
“Obviously, 3,000 is a no-doubter,” Suzuki said on Wednesday.
“It’s a record here. So that’s a goal
I want to achieve.”
DENVER — When the Colorado Rockies decided to swallow
hard — $38 million must require
quite a chaser — and designate
Jose Reyes for assignment on
Wednesday, it was hard to know
exactly how much of a role his suspension in a domestic violence incident played in their decision.
The Rockies had plenty of reasons to get rid of Reyes.
First, they never really wanted
him. His acquisition last July was
the cost they had to bear for jettisoning the even more burdensome contract of their former
franchise player, Troy Tulowitzki.
And Reyes, as he professed last
September, was not keen on remaining in Colorado.
Then there was the emergence
of Trevor Story, the rookie who
took advantage of Reyes’s suspension to hit 17 home runs and drive
in 45 runs entering Wednesday’s
game.
And finally, the economic theory of sunk costs — once money is
committed, it should not affect a
business’s best decision — has become more acceptable in baseball.
The Los Angeles Dodgers recently ate the $35 million that remained on Carl Crawford’s contract and designated him for assignment.
Still, Reyes, who just turned 33
and is diminished from his dynamic peak, was at least an asset
— somebody the pitching-needy
Rockies might have sent to a playoff contender.
“Would we be sitting here talking about this if the domestic violence thing hadn’t happened in
Hawaii?” Rockies General Manager Jeff Bridich said as he sat in
the dugout before Wednesday’s
game against the Yankees. “So it’s
obviously part of the overall decision.”
The Rockies have some history
with decisions involving off-thefield incidents. In 2004, they released pitcher Denny Neagle and
negotiated a $16 million buyout of
his contract after he was issued a
summons in a prostitution case.
When Reyes was arrested last
Oct. 31 after his wife told police officers that he had grabbed her
throat and shoved her into a sliding glass balcony door at a Maui
resort, it was the first case under
the new domestic violence policy
the players’ union had negotiated
with Major League Baseball.
The policy gives Commissioner
Rob Manfred broad powers to enforce discipline, even if the player
is not arrested or convicted.
Pitcher Aroldis Chapman, now
with the Yankees, was given a 30game suspension in a domestic incident, and Braves third baseman
Hector Olivera was suspended for
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Among Zika Precautions: Fewer Guests, Frozen Sperm
From First Sports Page
information that I’ve gotten is that
maybe it’s not as bad in Rio as the
media has portrayed. We’re kind
of being optimistic but also want
to be as prepared as we can.”
In most known cases, Zika has
caused flulike symptoms for a few
days. But it has been blamed for a
huge rise in Brazil of microcephaly, or babies born with abnormally
small heads, and some cases of
Guillain-Barré syndrome, which
can cause paralysis, usually temporarily.
The virus is transmitted primarily by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, but there have also been
cases in which Zika was transmitted sexually. The World Health Organization said this week that athletes and spectators, except for
pregnant women, should feel comfortable attending the Olympics.
Rio organizers will distribute
450,000 condoms to athletes,
three times as many as were
handed out at the London Games
in 2012, an increase largely in response to the Zika outbreak.
Generally, for those who participate in sports in which the
Olympics represent the ultimate
achievement, the threat of Zika —
or, for that matter, Rio’s polluted
water, its propensity for random
violence, its collapsing economy
or its scandal-ridden politics — is
not enough to keep them away.
Several of those who have expressed reservations have been
golfers, tennis players and basketball players. Stephen Curry, Russell Westbrook and James Harden
are among the N.B.A. players to
have opted out of the Olympics, although none cited Zika concerns
as the reason.
U.S.A. Volleyball officials said
that no players expected to make
the Olympic rosters, men or women, had suggested they might not
attend.
The beach volleyball player
Kerri Walsh Jennings, a threetime gold medalist, said in an interview on Wednesday that she
was not concerned, having been in
Rio for a tournament in March.
The threat of mosquitoes is expected to decline into August,
which is the heart of the Brazilian
winter.
“I took my essential oils, I’m going to bring my Honest bug repel-
lent, and I escaped all mosquito
bites until the very last day,”
Walsh Jennings said. “And I came
home, and I didn’t get Zika.”
She said her three children
would not go to Rio — not because
of Zika concerns but because they
were young and there was not a lot
for them to do.
April Ross, Walsh Jennings’s
The threat of a virus
is altering the travel
plans of some family
members of athletes.
playing partner, said Zika was not
a worry, but her agent, who is
pregnant, is not planning to go to
Rio.
“You’ve got to be smart about it
and take all the precautions you
can, which we will,” said Ross,
who is married. “And I plan on getting tested when we get back before we start trying to have a baby.
If we have to wait, we’re going to
wait. In my mind, there’s no point
in necessarily worrying about it if
there’s nothing you can really do.
Take the precautions you can, and
forget about it.”
That is why Speraw, the men’s
indoor coach, is taking the preemptive measure of freezing his
sperm. His wife, Michelle, and
their
7-month-old
daughter,
Brooklyn, will not go to Rio because of concerns over Zika, he
said. And an original travel-party
list of about 10 family members
and friends has been whittled to
just his parents.
Speraw is not the only one
freezing sperm. The British long
jumper Greg Rutherford said he
was, too, and the Spanish basketball player Pau Gasol said he was
considering it. Speraw said the
idea had bounced around among
other United States coaches and
officials and even some of his
players, many of them married.
“I’m doing it because I’m 44,” he
said. “I don’t want to wait and try
to have a baby when I’m 46, you
know? If we want to try next February, which was our original
plan, then at least we can still do
that.”
B12
N
PAVEL GOLOVKIN/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Russia’s national drug-testing laboratory in Moscow. The Russian sports ministry’s goal “is not to make sports clean
but to win medals for the country,” said Vitaly Stepanov, who was once employed by Russia’s antidoping agency.
How a Watchdog Tipped Off
On Doping Turned a Blind Eye
From Page A1
spread corruption, failed to investigate
rigorously and was hampered by politics
to the point that it was largely ineffective
in its mission to protect the integrity of
sports.
Multiple warnings about Russia, including Ms. Pishchalnikova’s email,
were sent to WADA over the past several
years, and its response has left athletes
and officials questioning whether the
agency is willing to aggressively combat
doping. WADA’s decision-making body
is composed of government and Olympic
representatives, an arrangement that
presents possible conflicts because
Olympic officials might not be inclined to
reveal doping transgressions that could
mar the integrity of the Games while
government officials could be more inclined to protect athletes from their own
countries.
“There are conflicts all around the table,” said Adam Pengilly, an Olympic athlete from Britain who sits on the International Olympic Committee’s athletes’
commission.
Some WADA officials defended their
handling of Russian doping allegations.
They said their powers to combat doping
had been limited, with scant resources
and, until recently, no defined responsibility to conduct investigations. But
other officials and athletes expressed a
growing distrust of the agency’s leadership and a concern that the agency has
shirked its responsibility to ensure clean
competition.
“This systematic doping in Russia is
being spread by WADA as sensational
news, and it’s not the case,” said Arne
Ljungqvist, a former medical commissioner for the International Olympic
Committee and the International Association of Athletics Federations, the governing body for track and field.
“They could have made an investigation,” he said about the years during
which WADA received repeated tips like
Ms. Pishchalnikova’s email. “But they
didn’t.”
WADA from 2008 to 2013, said he repeatedly raised concerns about Russia. The
agency considered penalties against the
nation, but in the end, he said, the inherent conflicts of interests within WADA
and the Olympic movement won: The
matter was set aside because “it was too
politically infected,” he said.
“You could say I was to blame, too,” he
said. “But I’ve been there, and I know
how hard it is to prove doping on that
scale.”
In 2011, a scientific paper written by six
drug-testing experts carried further
clues. Titled “Prevalence of Blood Doping in Samples Collected From Elite
Track and Field Athletes,” it examined
thousands of samples collected from
2001 to 2009.
One nation — identified in the papers
as Country A and known to WADA —
stood out. Country A had a notably
higher number of suspicious samples.
According to an author of the report,
Country A was Russia.
“WADA always had an excuse as to
why they wouldn’t move forward,” Dr.
Ljungqvist said, citing limited money
and investigative resources. “They expected Russia to clean up themselves.
They hadn’t fully grasped that WADA
had the responsibility to do this.”
Russian sports officials have acknowledged in recent months that the country
has problems with doping, but they have
emphatically denied charges of a staterun drug program and dismissed whistle-blowers’ specific allegations. They
have said that they are addressing their
doping problems and that their track
program should be allowed to compete in
the Rio Games.
Built-In Conflicts
When the World Anti-Doping Agency
was created in 1999, its unstated purpose
was to help win back the credibility of
global sports in the wake of a huge drug
bust at the 1998 Tour de France and a
bribery scandal involving Salt Lake
City’s bid to host the 2002 Olympics. Its
official purpose was not to drug test or
punish cheaters but rather to serve as an
independent watchdog for Olympic
sports worldwide.
“They were afraid sponsor money
would dry up if the Olympics were perceived as dirty,” said Robert Weiner, a
former spokesman for WADA and, previously, the United States Office of National Drug Control Policy.
Sports officials and national governments gathered in Switzerland, home to
the I.O.C., to discuss funding the new
agency.
The United States government was especially wary about signing on to support an agency that did not appear independent. The International Olympic
Committee is in charge of the Olympic
Games and derives tremendous revenue
from them. I.O.C. officials — specifically
the head of the marketing commission —
were going to lead WADA, a doping
watchdog.
Gen. Barry McCaffrey, the White
House drug policy director at the time,
objected loudly to what he saw as the
I.O.C.’s outsize influence and its lack of
political will to unearth drug violations
that could tarnish the Olympic brand.
“The I.O.C. is hiding behind WADA,”
General McCaffrey said in a recent
phone interview, suggesting negative attention was deflected from one organization to another. “And WADA is hiding behind a flawed structure.”
In 1999, Richard W. Pound, WADA’s
first president and an I.O.C. member,
bristled when General McCaffrey accused WADA of not being independent.
Of course it would be independent, Mr.
Pound wrote in a letter the month before
Years of Clues
Regarded as one of the pioneers of antidoping in the Olympic movement, Dr.
Ljungqvist, 85, will soon have statues
erected in his honor in Monaco, the home
of the I.A.A.F., and Sweden, where he
worked as a medical researcher. Yet Dr.
Ljungqvist is confronted with the apparent futility of his efforts to put an end to
state-sponsored doping.
“We all knew about the Russians,” Dr.
Ljungqvist said over lunch in Bedminster, N.J., at the estate of the artist Sassona Norton, who has been commissioned to make the statues.
Just days before the 2008 Beijing
Games, seven female Russian track and
field athletes were suspended for manipulating their urine samples for drug
tests. An investigation conducted by the
I.A.A.F. showed that the urine the athletes provided was not their own — the
DNA of those samples did not match that
of the athletes.
One of those athletes was Ms.
Pishchalnikova.
“It seems to be an example of systematic doping,” Dr. Ljungqvist said at a
news conference in Beijing at the time. “I
find it frustrating that such planned
cheating is still going on. I am very disappointed.”
A year later, Russian athletes were implicated again. This time, the biathlon
world champion Ekaterina Iourieva and
two of her teammates were barred from
the world championships after testing
positive for the blood-boosting hormone
EPO.
“We are facing systematic doping on a
large scale in one of the strongest teams
of the world,” Anders Besseberg, the
president of the International Biathlon
Union, said at the time.
The Russians were left to investigate
themselves. The Russian Biathlon Union
was fined and promised to scrutinize its
own athletes.
Dr. Ljungqvist, vice president of
the agency was established in Switzerland.
The I.O.C. hosted the agency’s first
board meeting and paid for WADA’s first
two years of existence.
WADA started with simple pursuits.
Its charge was to standardize doping
rules worldwide and create and oversee
individual countries’ antidoping programs. Investigative powers were not
explicitly written into the agency’s code.
As time went on, many expected the organization to evolve into a more active
regulator and testing body, separate
from the I.O.C. and the various world
governing bodies overseeing Olympic
sports. That never happened.
Instead, drug testing was largely left
to national laboratories. In Russia, that
lab was run by Grigory Rodchenkov, who
said he routinely covered up positive
tests in his 10 years there.
With a budget of $28 million, WADA is
funded equally by sports bodies and governments. After the I.O.C., the United
States is the agency’s single largest contributor, committing about $2 million a
year from the national drug control
budget.
Andy Parkinson, the founding executive director of Britain’s antidoping
agency, said WADA’s structure was good
in theory but too often resulted in stalemates, with Olympic loyalists and national officials rarely agreeing.
“It’s really hard to strip away the perception of that conflict,” Mr. Parkinson
said.
A Whistle Is Blown
TOSHIFUMI KITAMURA/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
David Howman, right, WADA’s director general, and Craig Reedie, left, its president, at an antidoping conference in Tokyo in 2015. “We don’t want to be the police,’’ Mr. Howman said he once thought to himself.
‘I find it frustrating
that such planned
cheating is still
going on. I am very
disappointed.’
ARNE LJUNGQVIST,
a former vice president
of WADA who said he
repeatedly raised
concerns about Russia.
‘The I.O.C. is
hiding behind
WADA, and
WADA is hiding
behind a flawed
structure.’
BARRY McCAFFREY,
a former White House
drug policy director.
‘We’re not going
to turn to people
and say, “These
are the rules;
obey them.”’
‘Clean athletes
are at the point
where we can’t
have faith in the
system.’
CRAIG REEDIE,
president of the
World Anti-Doping
Agency.
LAURYN WILLIAMS,
a United States
sprinter and
bobsledder.
For years, Vitaly Stepanov, who
worked for Russia’s antidoping agency,
wondered about the motives of WADA
officials. He was giving them insight into
an elaborate, state-run doping program,
urging them to stop it, but seemingly
nothing was done.
“Everyone was telling me WADA is
not an organization that fights doping,”
Mr. Stepanov said. “It’s politics.”
Mr. Stepanov, who was from Russia
but studied at Pace University in Manhattan, began working in antidoping education at the Russian agency in 2008,
the same year the agency was officially
founded. The more he learned about how
the agency operated, the more he realized that the Russian system was far
from the accepted standard.
Sports officials told him he did not
need to test some athletes because they
were clean, Mr. Stepanov said. Athletes
and coaches offered him bribes to dispose of positive tests. Workers at the national antidoping lab were covering up
failed drug tests, and higher-ups in the
Russian sports ministry were part of that
scheme.
Mr. Stepanov learned even more about
the ministry’s methods when, in 2009, he
met and married Yuliya Rusanova, a
Russian middle-distance runner who
told him about her doping regimen.
“The ministry’s goal is not to make
sports clean but to win medals for the
country,” Mr. Stepanov said in a phone in-
N
B13
JOHANNES EISELE/A.F.P. — GETTY IMAGES
‘I want to cooperate with
WADA.’
DARYA PISHCHALNIKOVA, above
and left, who won a medal in London
and later sought a doping inquiry.
POOL PHOTO BY PAWEL KOPCZYNSKI
terview.
At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Mr. Stepanov
met several WADA officials in a hotel and
secretly began blowing the whistle on
Russia, as reported in 2015 by The Sunday Times of London.
WADA’s first reaction, he said, was,
“What do we do?”
In subsequent years, he sent some 200
emails to WADA, he said, telling antidoping officials everything he knew. “I work
at a Russian antidoping agency that actually helps athletes dope,” he said in the
phone interview. “I’m writing to WADA
what’s going on, and nothing is happening.”
WADA’s response to many of his
emails was, “Message received.”
Inside WADA’s offices, on the 17th floor
of the former stock exchange building in
Montreal, the agency’s officials were not
sure how to handle Mr. Stepanov’s
claims.
David Howman, the longtime director
general, whose corner office overlooks
the St. Lawrence River, wavered. A lawyer from New Zealand, Mr. Howman said
he thought to himself: “We don’t want to
be the police. We can’t be the police.”
But he was aware that doping was becoming a criminal enterprise, and investigations — perhaps more than drug testing — were a key to exposing cheaters.
(For instance, in the sprawling steroids
case involving the Bay Area Laboratory
Co-operative, or Balco, none of the athletes found to have been doping had
failed drug tests.)
When WADA was confronted with
suggestions that the Russians had resurrected an East German-style system of
doping, Mr. Howman said, his 70-person
staff seemed inadequate. The agency did
not even have an investigator, and it
claimed that it did not have the authority
to conduct investigations.
“It’s really up to us to monitor everyone; that’s our job,” Mr. Howman said in
an interview in Montreal last month.
“The idea was not to do the investigations ourselves but to gather the information and share it with those who could
actually do something about it. That’s
how this whole thing started.”
But Mr. Howman eventually hired a
top drug investigator from the United
States: Jack Robertson, who would be
the liaison between WADA and global
law enforcement and who could also help
WADA untangle complicated cases.
In September 2011, Mr. Robertson was
assigned to tackle doping investigations
for WADA. His assignment was the entire world.
have doped for most of his career.
In the months before his official hiring
date, Mr. Robertson joined WADA’s legal
director, Olivier Niggli, in meeting Mr.
Stepanov at the Boston Marathon, to
hear his account firsthand. Mr.
Robertson and Mr. Stepanov met again,
in Turkey, the next year.
(Mr. Stepanov was fired from Russia’s
antidoping agency after raising his concerns internally. He and his wife
eventually fled Russia and are now living
in an undisclosed location in the United
States with their young son.)
Mr. Robertson, who was gathering information, leads and potential witnesses,
also encountered misfortune. His wife
died of cancer, and he himself had throat
cancer, losing weight so rapidly that he
needed a feeding tube. But he pressed on
with the case.
Officially, WADA’s explicit power to investigate would begin with a new code,
approved in 2013 to take effect two years
later — four years after Mr. Robertson
was hired as staff investigator.
Still, there did not appear to be an appetite to look deeper into Russia, especially after a new president came on
board in 2014. His name was Craig
Reedie, a longtime I.O.C. official who had
been involved with WADA from the start.
When Mr. Reedie took over as head of the
agency, things changed, several staffers
said.
At the same time, Russia began giving
an extra donation to WADA, with no reason earmarked on WADA’s financial
statements — an unusual move. In all, in
the past three years, Russia has given an
extra $1.14 million on top of its annual
contribution, which was $746,000 in 2015.
A spokesman for the agency confirmed
Russia’s contributions and said countries that choose to make additional donations had never received special treatment.
Mr. Reedie, a Scot who once led the international badminton federation, was a
smooth and popular leader in the political world of the Olympics.
In antidoping circles, he is not regarded as an aggressive crusader.
“We’re not going to turn to people and
say, ‘These are the rules; obey them,’”
Mr. Reedie said in the lounge of the fivestar Lausanne Palace hotel in Switzerland this month. He explained that
WADA was better suited to offer sports
federations and countries advice when
they asked for it rather than pursue accusations of cheating.
Mr. Reedie’s predecessor, John Fahey,
a politician from Australia, had given his
blessing for Mr. Robertson to explore allegations involving Russia’s laboratories.
“There was always in our mind a deep
suspicion that the government was controlling Rusada,” Mr. Fahey said in a
phone interview last month, using the
acronym for the Russian Anti-Doping
Agency, which employed Mr. Stepanov.
When Mr. Reedie took over, the inquiry
into Russia stalled, according to several
people at WADA.
Case Boils Over
Mr. Robertson needed help on the
case. He needed more personnel and
more money to conduct a thorough investigation. But again and again, he was
Inquiry Starts and Stops
Mr. Robertson, a former special agent
for the Drug Enforcement Administration, had a résumé that would make any
doper shudder.
He ran some of the United States’ biggest doping investigations in recent history, including the case that helped bring
down Lance Armstrong, the seven-time
Tour de France winner who was found to
JOE KLAMAR/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES
Ekaterina Iourieva, a Russian biathlete, was barred from the 2009
world championships after testing positive for a banned substance.
met with a wait-and-see attitude.
Frustrated, he forced WADA’s hand,
according to several people in the organization. He leaked information on the case
to Hajo Seppelt, a journalist for the German broadcasting company ARD.
Mr. Seppelt’s bombshell report, “The
Secrets of Doping: How Russia Makes
Its Winners,” aired on Dec. 3, 2014.
At first, Mr. Reedie told his fellow
WADA officials to stand back and see if
the global media picked up the story, according to several people at WADA who
were not authorized to speak to
reporters. But during that delay, antidoping officials spoke out, urging WADA to
investigate ARD’s claims.
On Dec. 8, 2014, Travis Tygart, chief executive of the United States Anti-Doping
Agency, sent a letter to Mr. Reedie and
Mr. Howman at WADA, insisting that the
agency had investigative power and that
it needed to apply it to Russia.
WADA could not possibly hand over
the case to the I.A.A.F., the track and field
governing body, Mr. Tygart said, because
multiple sports were implicated in the
ARD report. In addition, he wrote, a vice
president of the track organization was
reported to be a part of the cover-up.
“For WADA to sit on the sidelines in
the face of such allegations flies in the
face of WADA’s mandate from sport, governments and clean athletes,” Mr. Tygart
wrote.
Days later, WADA commissioned an
independent inquiry. Mr. Pound, who had
a reputation as an aggressive antidoping
crusader, was installed as the chairman.
Needing investigative muscle, the
agency hired 5 Stones intelligence, a private investigations firm based in Miami
and staffed with former members of the
D.E.A., the Secret Service, the Central
Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Four months into that investigation,
Natalya Zhelanova, an adviser to the
Russian sports minister, Vitaly Mutko,
received an email from Mr. Reedie. It
seemingly told her and Russia not to
worry about the inquiry.
Mr. Reedie assured Ms. Zhelanova
that in his opinion the accusations of
Russian doping stemmed from a time before Russia had implemented new laws
and antidoping efforts. He gave his assurance that Russia was going to be fine
because “there is no action being taken
by WADA that is critical of the efforts
that I know have been made, or are being
made, to improve antidoping efforts in
Russia.”
“On a personal level I value the relationship I have with Minister Mutko, and
I shall be grateful if you will inform him
that there is no intention in WADA to do
anything to affect that relationship,” Mr.
Reedie wrote.
When The Daily Mail in London published the email in August 2015, antidoping officials, including Mr. Pound, were
stunned. The president of WADA was
seemingly undermining the credibility of
the independent investigation.
“Jeez, Craig, what are you doing?” Mr.
Pound said he asked Mr. Reedie. “You
know those people aren’t your friends,
right? They’re the ones who released
this to the media.”
Mr. Reedie offered a mea culpa in another London newspaper shortly after,
saying that his note to Ms. Zhelanova
had been misconstrued and that WADA
was not interfering with the independent
investigation.
Mr. Reedie said he saw no conflicts in
his dual allegiances to the Olympics and
the antidoping agency. “I think we manage to do reasonably well,” he said of the
current structure of the agency. “It
works, and there is constant challenge
from both sport and governments to everything WADA does.”
The inquiry’s findings were published
in November 2015 in an explosive 323page report that centered on track and
field. Russia was accused of widespread
government-supported doping.
But not everything investigators had
unearthed — including Ms. Pishchalnikova’s 2012 email, and WADA’s handling of it — made it into the report.
Even so, the external pressure intensified for WADA to look beyond Russia’s
track and field program and to scrutinize
other countries that had come under suspicion. But Mr. Reedie was reluctant, according to several WADA officials. He
said that WADA did not have the money
and that there was not enough evidence
to pursue another investigation.
“You couldn’t go forward because he
was in charge,” Mr. Howman said of Mr.
Reedie. “You have to rely on the people in
charge, and Craig was in charge of the
political stuff.”
Two years earlier, however, Mr. Howman was among the top WADA officials
who had received the email plea from
Ms. Pishchalnikova. Mr. Reedie was on
the agency’s Foundation Board at the
time, but he was not yet president.
In her 2012 email, Ms. Pishchalnikova
named Dr. Rodchenkov, the antidoping
lab director whose facility had recently
been flagged by WADA for suspicious
test results. She said he was substituting
out athletes’ steroid-laced urine with
clean urine. “I have proof,” the 2012 email
said.
The agency’s decision to forward the
email to track and field officials — including Russian ones who were implicated in
the allegations — was a function of protocol. In spite of having hired a staff investigator, WADA did not at that time see itself as capable of conducting investigations, the agency has said.
Four months after Ms. Pishchalnikova
wrote to WADA, the Russian track and
field federation barred her for 10 years.
She is retired from competition and living in Russia. Attempts to reach her were
unsuccessful.
Mr. Reedie — who said he had never
heard of Ms. Pishchalnikova’s email —
said he required proof before initiating
investigations. “We need people to come
to us with evidence, and then we will investigate,” he said in an interview.
He said the decision to allow Russian
track and field athletes to compete in the
Summer Games was entirely up to the
sport’s governing body. “That’s their
problem,” he said. “I’m one of the few
people who doesn’t wake up in the morning and think only about Rio.”
In recent months, athletes have agitated for further inquiries.
“Clean athletes are at the point where
we can’t have faith in the system,” said
Lauryn Williams, a United States sprinter and bobsledder. She added that she
was disappointed that the November report had not immediately spurred a
broader inquiry.
“Who’s defending us?” she said.
“Who’s on our side?”
After Ms. Williams and other athletes
from around the world sent a letter to
WADA and the I.O.C. last month detailing their concerns, the agency announced a new independent investigation into the allegations about cheating
at the Sochi Olympics made by Dr. Rodchenkov, the lab director.
Other specialized inquiries, including
one into accusations of doping by Chinese swimmers, have been opened. “Investigations have become the flavor of
the month,” Mr. Reedie said.
Mr. Howman, who is leaving WADA
this month, said that only after the Sochi
investigation was complete — roughly
two weeks before the Rio Games are
scheduled to begin, it is expected —
should WADA be judged on how it had
handled the cases.
“It’s a really tense time because no one
wants to mess it up,” Mr. Howman said.
As for Mr. Reedie, his term as WADA
president runs through the end of the
year. Many antidoping experts and athletes see his dual role as a vice president
of the I.O.C. as emblematic of the conflict
they say is derailing WADA.
After the recent interview in Lausanne, Mr. Reedie handed a reporter his
business card. He apologized that, with
its five-colored Olympics rings logo, it
was an official I.O.C. card, not a WADA
one.
“It’s the only one I can give you,” he
said.
B14
0
N
S C O R E B OA R D
Contrite Yet Chatty, Green Returns to Warriors
By SCOTT CACCIOLA
CLEVELAND — Draymond
Green, fresh off his one-game suspension, returned to Quicken
Loans Arena on Wednesday afternoon, and he had some things he
wanted to say.
So Green, the emotional leader of
the Golden State Warriors and a vital cog in their pursuit of a second
straight N.B.A. championship, took
a seat at the center of a scrum of 50odd reporters and listened to the
first question, which was a twoparter: Would it be difficult for him
to move past the suspension, and
what sort of reaction would he expect from the crowd when the Warriors faced the Cavaliers on Thursday night in Game 6 of the N.B.A.
finals?
What followed was a 482-word
monologue in which Green touched
on topics that included his emotional state (“I let my teammates
down”), the justice that the league
had meted out (“Everybody’s going to have their opinion on it”), his
distant view of Game 5 from a luxury suite at a baseball game (“I
thank the people over at the A’s for
having me”) and his regrettable absence as the Warriors lost without
him.
“I have a strong belief that if I
play in Game 5, we win,” he said.
Green, whose larynx was as
strong as ever, was suspended for a
collection of flagrant fouls that included a general failure to avoid
punching and kicking opponents in
the groin. He will presumably return to the starting lineup on
Thursday as the Warriors seek to
close out the Cavaliers. Golden
State has a three-games-to-two
lead in the best-of-seven series.
“I learned a lot,” said Green,
whose flagrant foul on the
Cavaliers’ LeBron James in Game 4
brought about an automatic suspension. “You can’t put yourself in
certain positions. One thing that
I’ve already been kind of teaching
myself and trying to learn how to
do is control my emotions.”
Green said he felt like a “bad
teammate” for not being available
to play. “I take pride in being a good
teammate,” he said.
The league barred Green from
attending Game 5 at Oracle Arena
on Monday, so he made arrangements to watch the game on television at the Oakland Coliseum,
where the Athletics were hosting
the Texas Rangers. He was joined
by Bob Myers, the Warriors’ general manager, whose presence,
Green said, helped soften a tough
situation.
“It was brutal,” Green said. “Just
the entire day knowing I can’t go
out there and help my guys. I can’t
even be around. It’s one thing if
you’re out with an injury. It’s another thing if you’re out because of
BRUCE BENNETT/GETTY IMAGES
The Warriors’ Andrew Bogut,
who hurt his knee in Game 5,
will miss the rest of the series.
suspension. It’s a brutal day.”
The Warriors’ Stephen Curry
said he had visions of Green sprinting across the parking lot and
bursting into Oracle to celebrate
with his teammates — had they
won, of course. Instead, the
Cavaliers extended the series with
a 112-97 victory that underscored
Green’s importance. James, who
scored 41 points, found his path to
the basket unimpeded.
“It wasn’t an ideal situation to
not have him out there,” Curry said.
“Hopefully, he’s not put in that situation again where he’s putting his
playing status in jeopardy.”
The Warriors need Green now
more than ever. Andrew Bogut, the
team’s starting center, was ruled
out for the rest of the series after
sustaining bone bruises to his left
knee in Game 5. The Warriors said
in a statement that the injury would
not require surgery but that Bogut
would need six to eight weeks to recover.
“It’s bad news for our team,”
Coach Steve Kerr said. “He’s a defensive presence at the rim and rebounder, and a great passer. So
we’ll miss the minutes that he’s giving us.”
The Warriors will probably not
have much of a choice but to go
small with Green at center, which
tends to be their most effective lineup anyway — but typically in short
bursts.
At least the situation will feel
vaguely familiar to the Warriors,
who clinched last year’s championship in Game 6 — in Cleveland.
“It’s an amazing feeling when
you can quiet 20,000 screaming
fans and celebrate on their floor,”
Green said. “It’s hard. That’s what
makes it feel even better, because
it’s so much harder. We know the
formula. We know the blueprint.”
A big part of which involves
Green actually being in the building.
TNT’s Sager Will Join ABC for Game 6 Broadcast
By RICHARD SANDOMIR
In an unusual act of cooperation
between rival networks, Craig
Sager, TNT’s vividly attired N.B.A.
sideline reporter, will be on ABC’s
broadcast for Game 6 of the N.B.A.
finals from Cleveland on Thursday
night. He is scheduled to cover the
Golden State Warriors.
Sager has never worked the sideline for an N.B.A. finals because
TNT’s rights do not go past the conference finals. The opportunity to
work for ESPN, which produces the
games for ABC, comes as Sager
continues to be treated for acute
myeloid leukemia, which recently
returned after being in remission.
Admired for his idiosyncratic work
at Turner Sports, he has become an
inspiring presence around the
league and will receive the Jimmy
V Perseverance Award next month
on the annual ESPYs awards show,
which will be shown on ABC.
“I feel good,” he said in a telephone interview. “My energy is
there. I’m able to do my job with no
complications.”
ESPN began its internal discussions about inviting Sager to work
on the finals about six weeks ago.
Referring to ESPN/ABC’s lead
announcing team, Tim Corrigan,
ESPN’s
senior
coordinating
producer for the N.B.A., said: “My
first conversation was with Jeff
Van Gundy, and then with Mike
Breen, Doris Burke and Mark Jackson. Everybody said, ‘We’ve got to
do that.’ ”
With no objections from ESPN
executives, Corrigan approached
Turner during the Western Conference finals, which were carried by
TNT. He added: “When I talked to
Craig, he said, ‘I don’t want to interrupt anything you’re doing.’ And I
said: ‘Interrupt? We’re thrilled to
do it.’ ”
But Sager was available only for
Game 6 because of his chemotherapy at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
in Houston, where he ended his
most recent eight-day course of
treatment on Monday, and because
he will be in Florida with his family
for Father’s Day on Sunday, when a
possible Game 7 is scheduled.
Corrigan said the discussion had
never gotten to whether Sager
would work more than one game.
“Our thing was he had to do a finals game, and we didn’t want to
disrupt anything regarding his
health,” he said.
Under very different circumstances 10 years ago, CBS Sports
asked ESPN if it could borrow the
analyst Dick Vitale during the
N.C.A.A. men’s basketball tournament. ESPN, for the first time, refused to let Vitale call the tournament’s games, believing his value
was in its studio.
“Sometimes things stand between networks,” Corrigan said.
“But this couldn’t have gone any
smoother.”
But Sager almost lost his chance
at working in Cleveland, interviewing Golden State Coach Steve Kerr
or his players during and after
Game 6, because the Warriors had
taken a commanding lead over the
Cavaliers last week.
“As the series got to 3-1,” Sager
said, “I thought, My God, this might
not get to Game 6. So maybe it
won’t happen. Then I watched
Game 5 intensely and found out
there would be a Game 6.”
He said that his doctors were
pleased with his progress with the
chemotherapy and that it had not
affected his organs or tissues.
“I’m in a clinical trial,” he said.
“Eight days of chemo every three
weeks. I just finished the fifth cycle,
and there’s no recipe for how long it
will go on. It’s month by month.” After Game 6, he said, “I’ll go home to
Atlanta for some platelets and then
to Florida for the weekend.”
Sager is renowned for his colorful wardrobe, which has only one
rival in N.B.A. peacockery: Walt
Frazier’s outlandish clothing on
MSG Network.
For Game 6, Sager said: “I can’t
bring out something I’ve already
worn. So I went shopping yesterday and was quite pleased with
what I found. I want to make sure
people say, ‘Man, he looks good.’ I
want to look lively.”
He is scheduled to appear on another network, NBC, during the
Summer Olympics from Rio de Janeiro, where he will be on the sideline for the United States men’s
basketball games. He is arranging
for twice-weekly blood transfusions.
B ASEB ALL
Syndergaard Shines in Win but Loses the Shutout Late
Noah Syndergaard struck out 11, and the
Mets amassed a season-high 19 hits in a 11-2 win
over the Pittsburgh Pirates at Citi Field on
Wednesday that ended a three-game skid.
Syndergaard registered one out in the ninth
inning before allowing a double to David Freese
that scored John Jaso, who had three of the Pirates’ five hits off Syndergaard. Syndergaard
was pulled at 115 pitches for Jeurys Familia.
“He deserved to go out there in the ninth inning and see if he could get the shutout,” Manager Terry Collins said.
The Mets’ offensive frenzy came after another unexpected lineup shuffle. Juan Lagares
was to lead off, but as has been the Mets’ lot recently, an injury derailed that plan.
An hour before the game, Lagares was
scratched, unable to play because of lingering
pain from the torn ligament in his left thumb.
Curtis Granderson moved to the leadoff
spot, and Kelly Johnson started in left field,
bumping Yoenis Cespedes to center. The switch
provided a spark: Granderson led off with a single and scored the game’s first run, and Johnson
hit his first home run with the Mets this season.
Johnson finished 3 for 5 with two runs
scored and two R.B.I. Wilmer Flores drove in
four runs, and Cespedes scored three times.
SETH BERKMAN
The Yankees ran
their losing streak to four games with a 6-3 loss
at Colorado that dropped them back into last
place in the American League East.
The Yankees could not manage an extrabase hit with their biggest bats out of the lineup.
Alex Rodriguez was relegated to the bench because there is no designated hitter in National
League parks, Brian McCann was given the day
off after catching Tuesday night’s game, and
Carlos Beltran missed a second consecutive
game after having his left knee drained and receiving a cortisone shot.
The Yankees took a 2-1 lead in the fourth
when Starlin Castro singled in Jacoby Ellsbury
and scored when catcher Tony Wolters threw
away Aaron Hicks’s dribbler in front of the plate.
But that lead evaporated in the fifth when the
Rockies got four runs off Yankees starter Ivan
Nova, including Nolan Arenado’s 20th homer.
The game nearly took a nasty turn in the
sixth, when reliever Anthony Swarzak’s fastball
caught D. J. LeMahieu in the helmet.
“I was pretty lucky it wasn’t worse,” said
LeMahieu, who had a run-scoring triple off
Aroldis Chapman in the eighth.
BILLY WITZ
TEIXEIRA TALKS RETURN The Yankees’ Mark Teixeira said he expected to go on a rehab assignment next Tuesday and Wednesday with a targeted return from the disabled list on June 24 at
home against the Twins. Teixeira said that he
was pleased with his recovery from torn cartilage in his left knee but that surgery was still
YANKS FALTER WITHOUT BIG BATS
All news by The Associated Press unless noted.
RICH SCHULTZ/GETTY IMAGES
Noah Syndergaard struck out 11 against the Pirates before giving up a run in the ninth.
possible.
Johnny Cueto struck out
nine over seven innings for his 10th win, and
host San Francisco completed a sweep of Milwaukee, 10-1, for its fifth straight win. • Jayson
Werth singled in the winning run with two outs
in the 12th inning, and the Nationals beat the visiting Chicago Cubs, 5-4. Washington’s Stephen
Strasburg and Chicago’s Jason Hammel each
gave up one run in seven innings. • Clayton
Kershaw struck out 11 in his 10th victory of the
season as the Los Angeles Dodgers won at Arizona, 3-2. Kenley Jansen tied Eric Gagne for the
Dodgers’ franchise record of 161 career saves. •
Chris Sale allowed three runs in seven innings
and became the first 11-game winner in the majors as the Chicago White Sox beat visiting Detroit, 5-3.
AROUND THE MAJORS
FO OT B A L L
Ravens Release Marijuana Backer
The Baltimore Ravens released offensive
tackle Eugene Monroe several months after he
publicly called on the N.F.L. to let players use
medical marijuana to treat injuries.
Monroe was one of the few active players
who have taken a stand in support of medical
marijuana. Monroe, who became a free agent,
said he would press the league to change its
stance, regardless of whether he was playing.
ESPN reported that the Ravens had tried to
trade Monroe to the Giants but that those talks
had fallen through.
A team spokesman declined to say whether
Monroe’s stance on medical marijuana was part
of the reason for his release.
KEN BELSON
BAYLOR SUED AGAIN Three more women have filed
a federal civil rights lawsuit against Baylor University, claiming the institution did nothing to
help them after they reported having been
sexually assaulted. Baylor has come under intense criticism over its handling of allegations of
sexual assault over several years, including
cases involving football players.
HO CK EY
Howe’s Soft Hands of Detroit Iron
Gordie Howe could break a lobster claw with
his fingers, one of his sons said, and make people
melt in his hands with his kindness and humility.
Howe’s son Murray began the funeral service for his father with a eulogy that emphasized
the toughness and generosity of the man known
as Mr. Hockey, who died Friday at age 88.
Hall of Famers including Bobby Orr, Wayne
Gretzky and Scotty Bowman and N.H.L. Commissioner Gary Bettman attended the service in
Detroit, where Howe played most of his remarkable 32-year professional career.
PENGUINS CELEBRATE A TITLE Hundreds of thousands of fans lined the streets of Pittsburgh as
the Penguins paraded through the city with the
Stanley Cup — seven years to the day since the
last time they held such a celebration.
BASEBALL
PRO BASKETBALL
A.L. STANDINGS
East
Pct
GB
Baltimore
37
27 .578
—
Boston
37
27 .578
—
Toronto
37
31 .544
2
Tampa Bay
30
32 .484
6
Yankees
31
34 .477
6{
Central
W
N.B.A. PLAYOFFS
W
L
L
Pct
GB
Kansas City
35
30 .538
—
Cleveland
35
30 .538
—
Detroit
33
32 .508
2
Chicago
33
33 .500
2{
Minnesota
West
20
W
44 .313 14{
L Pct
GB
Texas
40
25 .615
—
5{
Seattle
34
30 .531
Houston
32
35 .478
9
Los Angeles
28
37 .431
12
Oakland
27
37 .422 12{
WEDNESDAY
Colorado 6, Yankees 3
Toronto 7, Philadelphia 2
Boston 6, Baltimore 4
Seattle at Tampa Bay
Houston 4, St. Louis 1
Chicago White Sox 5, Detroit 3
Kansas City 9, Cleveland 4
Minnesota at L.A. Angels
Texas at Oakland
June 23 — N.B.A. draft.
July 1 — Free agency opens.
July 4-7 — Utah Jazz Summer League.
July 7 — Contracts can be signed.
SOCCER
COPA AMERICA
All Times EDT
QUARTERFINALS
Thursday, June 16
At Seattle
United States vs. Ecuador, 9:30 p.m.
Friday, June 17
At East Rutherford, N.J.
Peru vs. Colombia, 8 p.m.
Saturday, June 18
At Foxborough, Mass.
Argentina vs. Venezuela, 7 p.m.
At Santa Clara, Calif.
Mexico vs. Chile, 10 p.m.
TENNIS
Yankees (Sabathia 4-4) at Minnesota (Gibson 0-4), 8:10
Seattle (Paxton 0-2) at Tampa Bay
(Snell 0-0), 1:10
Texas (Lewis 5-0) at Oakland (Mengden 0-1), 3:35
Toronto (Happ 7-3) at Philadelphia
(Nola 5-5), 7:05
Baltimore (Wilson 2-5) at Boston
(Rodriguez 1-1), 7:10
Detroit (Verlander 6-5) at Kansas
City (Duffy 2-1), 8:15
The Queen's Club
LONDON
Singles
First Round
Kyle Edmund, Britain, d. Gilles Simon (8),
France, 6-4, 3-6, 6-1. Paul-Henri Mathieu,
France, d. Daniel Evans, Britain, 7-6 (8), 6-7
(6), 6-3. Milos Raonic (3), Canada, d. Nick
Kyrgios, Australia, 6-7 (5), 6-4, 6-4. John
Isner (7), United States, d. Juan Martin del
Potro, Argentina, 7-6 (2), 6-4.
Second Round
Steve Johnson, United States, d. Adrian
Mannarino, France, 4-6, 6-3, 6-4. Marin
Cilic (5), Croatia, d. Janko Tipsarevic,
Serbia, 6-4, 6-2.
GOLF
N.L. STANDINGS
W
N.B.A. CALENDAR
AEGON CHAMPIONSHIPS
THURSDAY
East
All Times EDT
FINALS
(Best-of-7; x-if necessary)
Golden State 3, Cleveland 2
Thu., June 2: Golden State 104, Cleveland 89
Sun., June 5: Golden State 110, Cleveland 77
Wed., June 8: Cleveland 120, Golden State 90
Fri., June 10: Golden State 108, Cleveland 97
Mon., June 13: Cleveland 112, Golden State 97
Thu., June 16: Golden State at Cleveland,
9 p.m.
x-Sun., June 19: Cleveland at Golden State,
8 p.m.
L
Pct
GB
—
Washington
41
25 .621
Mets
35
29 .547
5
Miami
34
32 .515
7
Philadelphia
30
36 .455
11
Atlanta
Central
18
W
46 .281
L Pct
22
GB
Chicago
44
20 .688
—
St. Louis
35
30 .538
9{
Pittsburgh
33
32 .508 11{
Milwaukee
30
36 .455
Cincinnati
West
26
W
39 .400 18{
L Pct
GB
San Francisco
41
26 .612
Los Angeles
35
32 .522
6
Colorado
32
33 .492
8
15
—
Arizona
29
39 .426 12{
San Diego
27
40 .403
14
WEDNESDAY
Mets 11, Pittsburgh 2
Colorado 6, Yankees 3
L.A. Dodgers 3, Arizona 2
San Diego 6, Miami 3
San Francisco 10, Milwaukee 1
Washington 5, Chicago Cubs 4, 12 inn.
Toronto 7, Philadelphia 2
Cincinnati at Atlanta
Houston 4, St. Louis 1
THURSDAY
Pittsburgh (Nicasio 5-5) at Mets
(Colon 5-3), 7:10
Cincinnati (Straily 4-2) at Atlanta
(Wisler 2-7), 12:10
Toronto (Happ 7-3) at Philadelphia
(Nola 5-5), 7:05
Milwaukee (Guerra 3-1) at L.A.
Dodgers (Kazmir 5-3), 10:10
Washington (Roark 5-4) at San
Diego (Johnson 0-3), 10:10
METS 11, PIRATES 2
Pittsburgh
ab r h bi bb so avg.
Jaso 1b
4 1 3 0 0 0 .291
Polanco rf
4 0 1 0 0 2 .296
McCutchen cf
3 0 0 0 0 2 .234
Scahill p
0 0 0 0 0 0 .000
Luebke p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Freese ph
1 1 1 1 0 0 .298
Kang 3b
4 0 0 0 0 1 .283
Marte lf
2 0 0 0 0 1 .332
Joyce lf
2 0 0 0 0 2 .286
Harrison 2b
4 0 0 0 0 0 .304
Mercer ss
3 0 0 0 0 0 .260
Kratz c
3 0 0 0 0 2 .000
Locke p
1 0 0 0 0 1 .087
Caminero p
0 0 0 0 0 0 .000
Rodriguez ph-c 2 0 0 0 0 1 .250
Totals
33 2 5 1 0 12
New York
Granderson rf
5 1 2 0 0 0 .223
Cabrera ss
5 2 2 0 0 1 .265
Cespedes cf
4 3 3 0 1 0 .286
De Aza cf
0 0 0 0 0 0 .173
Flores 3b
5 2 2 4 0 0 .250
Johnson lf
5 2 3 2 0 0 .412
Reynolds 2b
5 1 3 2 0 2 .280
Loney 1b
5 0 1 1 0 1 .255
Rivera c
5 0 3 2 0 1 .185
Syndergaard p 4 0 0 0 1 3 .154
Familia p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Totals
43 11 19 11 2 8
Pittsburgh
000
000 002—2 5 0
New York
301
033 01x—11 19 1
E—Flores (5). LOB—Pittsburgh 4, New York
10. 2B—Jaso (12), Freese (12), Reynolds 2
(3), Loney (2), Rivera (1). HR—Johnson (1), off
Locke; Flores (2), off Scahill. RBIs—Freese (24),
Flores 4 (9), Johnson 2 (2), Reynolds 2 (5),
Loney (4), Rivera 2 (9).
Pittsburgh
ip h r er bb so np era
Locke L5-5
4 9 7 7 1 3 75 5.92
Caminero
1 2 0 0 1 2 24 4.43
Scahill
2 6 3 3 0 2 38 4.70
Luebke
1 2 1 1 0 1 15 8.31
New York
Syndrgrd W 7-2 8Í/¯ 5 2 1 0 11 115 1.91
Î/¯ 0 0 0 0 1 21 3.48
Familia
T—3:06. A—32,117 (41,922).
ROCKIES 6, YANKEES 3
New York
Ellsbury cf
4 1 1 0 0 0 .284
Gardner lf
4 0 0 0 0 1 .252
S.Castro 2b
4 1 1 0 0 2 .257
Headley 3b
4 1 1 0 0 2 .245
Gregorius ss
4 0 2 1 0 0 .275
Hicks rf
4 0 2 1 0 0 .221
Davis 1b
3 0 0 0 0 0 .200
Swarzak p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Betances p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Chapman p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--McCann ph
1 0 0 0 0 0 .215
Romine c
3 0 0 0 0 0 .276
Nova p
2 0 0 0 0 2 .000
Refsnyder 1b
1 0 0 0 0 0 .256
Totals
34 3 7 2 0 7
Colorado
Blackmon cf
4 2 2 0 1 0 .302
LeMahieu 2b
3 2 3 2 0 0 .323
Arenado 3b
5 1 2 3 0 0 .290
Gonzalez rf
4 0 2 0 0 2 .312
Story ss
4 1 2 0 0 1 .268
Raburn lf
4 0 1 0 0 1 .257
Reynolds 1b
4 0 1 1 0 1 .296
Wolters c
3 0 0 0 1 1 .211
Bettis p
2 0 0 0 0 1 .045
Adames ph
0 0 0 0 1 0 .224
M.Castro p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Logan p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Motte p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Descalso ph
1 0 0 0 0 1 .406
Estevez p
0 0 0 0 0 0
--Totals
34 6 13 6 3 8
New York
000
201 000—3 7 0
Colorado
001
040 01x—6 13 1
E—Wolters (4). LOB—New York 4,
Colorado 9. 2B—LeMahieu (18), Story (15).
3B—LeMahieu (4). HR—Arenado (20), off
Nova. RBIs—Gregorius (25), Hicks (13),
LeMahieu 2 (25), Arenado 3 (57), Reynolds
(22). SB—Blackmon (6), Gonzalez (1). S—
LeMahieu. DP—New York 2
New York
Nova L 5-4
5 10 5 5 2 5 86 4.77
Swarzak
1 0 0 0 1 0 14 3.86
Betances
1 1 0 0 0 2 20 3.13
Chapman
1 2 1 1 0 1 20 2.40
Colorado
Bettis W 5-5
6 7 3 2 0 5 89 5.63
M.Castro H 5 Î/¯ 0 0 0 0 0 7 4.85
Î/¯ 0 0 0 0 1
7 1.47
Logan H 12
Motte H 4
Î/¯ 0 0 0 0 1 12 2.25
Estevez S 3-5 1 0 0 0 0 0 13 4.03
T—2:55. A—40,093 (50,398).
U.S. OPEN TEE TIMES
June 16-19
At Oakmont Country Club
Oakmont, Pa.
All Times EDT
(a-amateur)
Thursday-Friday
First Hole-10th Hole
6:45 a.m.-12:30 p.m. — Denny McCarthy,
United States; Aron Price, Australia; Mikael
Lundberg, Sweden.
6:56 a.m.-12:41 p.m. — a-Nick Hardy, United
States; Mike Van Sickle, United States; Tom
Hoge, United States.
7:07 a.m.-12:52 p.m. — Patrick Rodgers, United
States; a-Sam Horsfield, England; Andrew
Johnston, England.
7:18 a.m.-1:03 p.m. — Justin Hicks, United
States; Soren Hansen, Denmark; Jason Allred,
United States.
7:29 a.m-1:14 p.m. — Romain Wattel, France;
Sung Kang, South Korea; Yusaku Miyazato,
Japan.
7:40 a.m.-1:25 p.m. — Bernd Wiesberger,
Austria; Matteo Manassero, Italy; Daniel Berger,
United States.
7:51 a.m.-1:36 p.m. — Matt Kuchar, United
States; Bubba Watson, United States; Patrick
Reed, United States.
8:02 a.m.-1:47 p.m. — Rafa Cabrera Bello,
Spain; J.B. Holmes, United States; Kevin
Chappell, United States.
8:13 a.m.-1:58 p.m. — Matthew Fitzpatrick,
England; Danny Lee, New Zealand; Beyong
Hun An, South Korea.
8:24 a.m.-2:09 p.m. — Rory McIlroy, Northern
Ireland; Danny Willett, England; Rickie Fowler,
United States.
8:35 a.m.-2:20 p.m. — Chris Kirk, United States;
Emiliano Grillo, Argentina; Shane Lowry, Ireland.
8:46 a.m.-2:31 p.m. — Mike Miller, United
States; Matt Borchert, United States; a-Charlie
Danielson, United States.
8:57 a.m.-2:42 p.m. — Chase Parker, United
States; a-Ryan Stachler, United States; Patrick
Wilkes-Krier, United States.
Thursday-Friday
10th Hole-First Hole
6:45 a.m.-12:30 p.m. — Andres Gonzales,
United States; a-Scottie Scheffler, United
States; Derek Fathauer, United States.
6:56 a.m.-12:41 p.m. — Andrew Landry, United
States; Matthew Baldwin, England; D.J. Trahan,
United States.
7:07 a.m.-12:52 p.m. — Rob Oppenheim,
United States; Dicky Pride, United States; Wes
Short Jr., United States.
7:18 a.m.-1:03 p.m. — Patton Kizzire, United
States; Yuta Ikeda, Japan; David Lingmerth,
Sweden.
7:29 a.m.-1:14 p.m. — Hideto Tanihara, Japan;
Gregory Bourdy, France; Kevin Streelman,
United States.
7:40 a.m.-1:25 p.m. — a-Jon Rahm, Spain;
James Hahn, United States; Robert Streb,
United States.
7:51 a.m.-1:36 p.m. — Thomas Aiken, South
Africa; Jeff Maggert, United States; David
Toms, United States.
8:02 a.m.-1:47 p.m. — Marc Leishman,
Australia; Jimmy Walker, United States; Paul
Casey, England.
8:13 a.m.-1:58 p.m. — Lee Westwood,
England; Luke Donald, England; Martin Kaymer,
Germany.
8:24 a.m.-2:09 p.m. — Russell Knox, Scotland;
Harris English, United States; Jason Dufner,
United States.
8:35 a.m.-2:20 p.m. — Zach Johnson, United
States; Bryson DeChambeau, United States;
Jordan Spieth, United States.
8:46 a.m.-2:31 p.m. — Kevin Foley, United
States; Gregor Main, United States; Mark
Anguiano, United States.
8:57 a.m.-2:42 p.m. — a-Kyle Mueller, United
States; Derek Chang, United States; Richie
Schembechler, United States.
Thursday-Friday
First Hole-10th Hole
12:30 p.m.-6:45 a.m. — Peter Hanson,
Sweden; Tim Wilkinson, New Zealand; Thitiphu
Chuayprakong, Thailand.
12:41 p.m.-6:56 a.m. — Billy Hurley III, United
States; Jeev Milkha Singh, India; J.J. Henry,
United States.
12:52 p.m.-7:07 a.m. — Brendan Steele, United
States; Soren Kjeldsen, Denmark; Jaco Van Zyl,
South Africa.
1:03 p.m.-7:18 a.m. — Anirban Lahiri, India;
Scott Piercy, United States; Jamie Donaldson,
Wales.
1:14 p.m.-7:29 a.m. — Spencer Levin, United
States; Toru Taniguchi, Japan; Carlos Ortiz,
Mexico.
1:25 p.m.-7:40 a.m. — Ryan Moore, United
States; Andy Sullivan, England; Charley
Hoffman, United States.
1:36 p.m.-7:51 a.m. — Hideki Matsuyama,
Japan; Sergio Garcia, Spain; Dustin Johnson,
United States.
1:47 p.m.-8:02 a.m. — Webb Simpson, United
States; Graeme McDowell, Northern Ireland;
Geoff Ogilvy, Australia.
1:58 p.m.-8:13 a.m. — Ernie Els, South Africa;
Jim Furyk, United States; Angel Cabrera,
Argentina.
2:09 p.m.-8:24 a.m. — Kiradech Aphibarnrat,
Thailand; K.T. Kim, South Korea; Kevin Na,
United States.
2:20 p.m.-8:35 a.m. — Jason Day, Australia;
Louis Oosthuizen, South Africa; Adam Scott,
Australia.
2:31 p.m.-8:46 a.m. — Aaron Wise, United
States; Ethan Tracy, United States; Brandon
Harkins, United States.
2:42 p.m.-8:57 a.m. — a-Justin Suh, United
States; T.J. Howe, United States; Frank Adams
III, United States.
Thursday-Friday
10th Hole-First Hole
12:30 p.m.-6:45 a.m. — Lee Slattery,
England; Miguel Tabuena, Philippines; Daniel
Summerhays, United States.
12:41 p.m.-6:56 a.m. — Sebastian Soderberg,
Sweden; Zach Edmondson, United States;
Kent Bulle, United States.
12:52 p.m.-7:07 a.m. — Tony Finau, United
States; Alex Noren, Sweden; Jason Kokrak,
United States.
1:03 p.m.-7:18 a.m. — Max Kieffer, Germany;
Gary Stal, France; Kevin Tway, United States.
1:14 p.m.-7:29 a.m. — Cameron Smith,
Australia; Steven Bowditch, Australia; a-Derek
Bard, United States.
1:25 p.m.-7:40 a.m. — Jim Herman, United
States; Smylie Kaufman, United States; William
McGirt, United States.
1:36 p.m.-7:51 a.m. — Brandt Snedeker, United
States; Bill Haas, United States; Billy Horschel,
United States.
1:47 p.m.-8:02a.m. — Brooks Koepka, United
States; Chris Wood, England; Justin Thomas,
United States.
1:58 p.m.-8:13 a.m. — Kevin Kisner, United
States; Charl Schwartzel, South Africa; Branden
Grace, South Africa.
2:09 p.m.-8:24 a.m. — Phil Mickelson, United
States; Justin Rose, England; Henrik Stenson,
Sweden.
2:20 p.m.-8:35 a.m. — Retief Goosen, South
Africa; Keegan Bradley, United States; Lucas
Glover, United States.
2:31 p.m.-8:46 a.m. — Andy Pope, United
States; a-Sam Burns, United States; Matt
Marshall, United States.
2:42 p.m.-8:57 a.m. — Tyler Raber, United
States; a-Chris Crawford, United States; Austin
Jordan, United States.
B15
N
SOCCER
EURO 2016
FRANCE 2, ALBANIA 0
Tournament’s Host
Is First to Advance
Late goals from Antoine
Griezmann and Dimitri Payet
helped host France earn a 2-0
win over Albania in Marseille
on Wednesday and become
the first team to advance to
the knockout stage of the
European Championships.
For the second consecutive
match, late pressure rescued
a patchy France side that is
struggling to live up to its
pretournament billing as one
of the favorites.
In Friday’s game against
Romania, it was Payet’s superb strike from distance that
proved decisive, and this time
— with the clock running
down — Griezmann placed
himself in perfect position to
nod in a cross from Adil Rami.
France’s president,
François Hollande, jumped
out of his seat and thrust his
arms in the air, and the Stade
Velodrome crowd rose as one
to hail Payet after another
outstanding finish.
With grace and poise reminiscent of the great French
player Zinedine Zidane, Payet
cut in from the left and beat
two players before curling in
(AP)
the second goal.
EDDIE KEOGH/REUTERS
Antoine Griezmann scored
the first goal for France in
its victory over Albania.
SWITZERLAND 1, ROMANIA 1
Tie Has the Swiss
Poised to Move On
Switzerland closed in on a
spot in the next round with a
1-1 draw against Romania in
Paris.
Admir Mehmedi scored a
57th-minute equalizer with a
powerful left-footed shot to
ensure the Swiss had 4 points
ahead of their final Group A
match, against France.
Romania took the lead
against the run of play in the
18th minute when Bogdan
Stancu scored with his second
penalty kick in two games.
Although Romania hit the
post on a first-half shot by
Cristian Sapunaru, Switzerland had more and better
scoring chances.
Romania has only 1 point
from two matches but should
be favored to beat Albania in
its last match. The new 24team format means the thirdplace teams in the six groups
have a good chance to reach
the round of 16.
Switzerland has never
advanced from its group at a
European tournament, and it
missed a good opportunity to
hit Coach Vladimir Petkovic’s
target of two straight wins to
(AP)
clinch advancement.
COPA AMÉRICA
U.S. Expects Boost
From Seattle Crowd
Looking to get back into
the final four of the Copa
América for the first time in
21 years, the United States
men’s national soccer team is
expecting thunderous support from fans at Thursday
night’s quarterfinal against
Ecuador in Seattle.
“I think it can be the difference,” the American captain,
Michael Bradley, said. “We
played here a few years ago
against Panama, and the
atmosphere was amazing. I
think tomorrow has the potential to be one of the best
American atmospheres we’ve
seen in a while.”
On May 25, the United
States beat Ecuador, 1-0, in a
Copa América tuneup in
Frisco, Tex. But Ecuador did
not have Antonio Valencia or
Walter Ayovi, two of its best
players, for that game. It will
have a full complement of
players Thursday while the
United States will be without
right back DeAndre Yedlin,
who received a red card in
a1-0 win over Paraguay.
The winner of the game
will travel to Houston for a
semifinal against Argentina
or Venezuela.
DAVID WALDSTEIN
A Flare in the Stands Could Signal Russia’s Exit at the Euros
that, at present, there was no specific definition for what constituted a “crowd disturbance.”
The incident came near the conclusion of what had been a largely
genial afternoon, with the vast
majority of fans on both sides
showing good will inside and outside the stadium. But after the
match the police used tear gas in
the center of neighboring Lille to
disperse a group of about 300 fans,
and a spokesman for the regional
government in northern France
said three Russians and one
Ukrainian would be expelled from
the country for disturbing public
order. Sixteen people were arrested Wednesday, including six
Russians connected to violence in
Marseille, the authorities said.
Local officials and the police
were on alert in this region as Russia played on Wednesday, a day
before England — whose fans
fought with Russians last week —
was to face Wales in nearby Lens.
But while there were a few isolated confrontations in Lille on
Tuesday, and more in the combustible mix of fans after the
match, to that point there had
been nothing close to the violence
that took place in Marseille.
On Wednesday morning, fans of
Slovakia and Russia posed for pictures together as they boarded
trains in Paris headed to the
match in Villeneuve-d’Ascq. Natalia Fekete, a 33-year-old Slovakian fan, said that she was “a little
scared” to attend the match but
that she felt comforted because
Russian fans had far less antipathy toward Slovakian fans than
they did toward the English.
“They are more aggressive in
front of the English,” she said.
Russian fans largely agreed
with that premise, with many saying that the behavior of the Russian fans in Marseille on Saturday
had been incited by disrespect
from England supporters.
“I was sitting behind the goal in
the Russian zone,” said Iurii Shabanov, who attended the game in
Marseille, “and I saw how after
the English fans began to throw
popcorns into the Russian zone.”
Benoît Morenne contributed reporting from Lille, France.
MIKE HEWITT/GETTY IMAGES
Russia’s Artem Dzyuba (22) and Slovakia’s Jan Durica during Wednesday’s group match, in which Russia showed little precision.
The police are on alert
after clashes among
fans on Saturday.
At the stadium on Wednesday,
some Russian fans struck mixed
tones, alternately frustrated by
being painted as universally violent and disappointed at the focus
on their fan base. Fans from other
countries, including Germany,
Croatia, Turkey and England,
have been questioned or arrested
by the police in other cities for unruly behavior, they said, but Russia has been the only team to be
punished.
Of course, the difference, UEFA
said, was that the violent acts of
the Russian fans took place inside
a stadium as opposed to on the
city streets.
“It was deplorable; it was terrible to see that kind of violence,”
said Maksim Trnovs, a Russian
fan attending the Slovakia match.
“Some people come to fight, not
watch football, and that is wrong.
But to say we may be disqualified? It is the fan who fights and
the fan who should go home. Not
the team.”
The team may well go home
sooner than later, but mostly as a
result of its poor play. Russia gave
a largely stunted performance on
the field Wednesday, with little
precision or pace despite playing
in perfect conditions under a
closed roof. Slovakia, which lost to
Wales in its opening game, frequently took advantage of a disjointed Russian defense.
Just after the half-hour mark,
Marek Hamsik sent a gorgeous diagonal pass from midfield into the
space behind the Russian defense,
the ball bouncing perfectly for
Vladimir Weiss to take it in stride.
Weiss cut back toward the middle
of the penalty area and, after waiting a beat for the Russians to run
past him, blistered a shot past
goalkeeper Igor Akinfeev to give
Slovakia the lead.
Just before halftime, Hamsik
received a pass from a short corner kick and again cut inside before whipping a perfect shot into
the far corner of the goal behind
Akinfeev. The Slovakian fans
roared while those in the Russian
end headed for the concourses to
beat the halftime lines.
Russia’s coach, Leonid Slutsky,
spent much of the game looking
GOLF
pained on the bench, although the
last 10 minutes were lively and
tense after Glushakov’s goal. The
team’s captain, Roman Shirokov,
has been injured and unable to
start, and Slutsky has clearly been
uncomfortable about having to
answer for the behavior of his
team’s fans as well as his players.
He was in such a position again
Wednesday. When asked about
the flare in the stands, Slutsky
frowned.
“I was totally concentrated on
the game,” he said. “I was watching for the events on the pitch.”
Pressed as to whether he was
concerned about the flare — even
if he had not seen it — Slutsky
looked helpless. It seemed there
was little for him to say.
“I repeat,” he said. “I didn’t see
it.”
DOPING
WADA Accuses Russians
Of Additional Violations
By REBECCA R. RUIZ
ERIK S. LESSER/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
Rory McIlroy, center, practicing on Wednesday with Max Kieffer, left, and Bernd Wiesberger.
Oakmont Laughs at Complaints
“This week, it’s not excitement — I mean, it’s definitely not
that,” said McIlroy, who then
searched for the right word.
“Trepidation, I guess,” he said.
Phil Mickelson assessed the
layout that awaits the field
Thursday as “the hardest course
in the world or in America or
wherever.”
“There’s no reprieve off the
tee, there’s no reprieve into the
greens, and there’s certainly no
reprieve on the greens,” he said.
In 2007, when the Open last
visited Oakmont, Mickelson was
among the players objecting to
the conditions. By Wednesday,
Mickelson, 45, had apparently
undergone a kind of middle-aged
reversal therapy. He now wants
Oakmont to be harder than ever.
“I would love to see it cross
the line the way U.S. Opens often
do and become a little bit over
the edge,” Mickelson said. “That
A nine-time U.S.
Open site is not for
the fainthearted.
actually benefits me, because
we’re going to have a winner at
the end of the week. Whatever
that score is — who cares if it’s
five under or 12 over — it doesn’t
matter, the lowest score wins.
“So I would like to see it go
over that edge, because I feel like
I’ve learned how to play that
style of golf.”
The first tee shot of the Open
has yet to be launched, and some
of the best-known players are
already back-flipping into places
they have never been before.
Wait until they hit shots in places
they’ve never been before.
What Oakmont represents is
not just a demanding course
established in 1904. It is ulti-
mately a standard for elite, rigorous golf.
Not inconsequentially, Oakmont over the decades has also
identified and crowned some
worthy major champions, including Gene Sarazen, Ben Hogan,
Sam Snead, Jack Nicklaus,
Johnny Miller and Ernie Els.
“It’s seen as the most prestigious place to win a U.S. Open,”
Azinger said. “That’s its reputation. So the grumbling is not
justified. You might as well embrace it.”
Ultimately, when it comes to
major championship traditions, it
is important to remember that
Oakmont has some of its own. It
was W. C. Fownes, son of the
Oakmont founder, who responded to the early criticism of
the course’s unrelenting challenges with a pronouncement
that has served as something of
a mantra for the place ever
since: “Let the clumsy, the spineless, the alibi artist stand aside.”
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A track and field athlete tried to
smuggle in a clean urine sample
for drug testing, concealing a container inside her body and offering a bribe when her scheme
failed. Sports officials refused to
provide a list of the athletes who
were present at a boxing training
camp, revealing the names after
stalling for a full hour. Armed federal police officers threatened
drug testers who showed up to
collect athletes’ urine, and packages containing doping samples
sent from abroad were tampered
with by customs workers.
All of this happened in Russia,
the World Anti-Doping Agency
said Wednesday, and it happened
recently — in the seven months
since the country was accused of
government-sponsored
doping
last fall. The boxing episode took
place only last week.
On Friday, global track and field
officials are expected to decide
whether Russian athletes will
compete at the Rio Olympics,
which begin Aug. 5. The allega-
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tions made Wednesday by WADA,
the global regulator of doping in
Olympic sports, suggested that little had changed since last November, when an independent commission detailed a state-run doping program in Russia.
Russian athletes have repeatedly given the antidoping authorities false information about where
they were in recent months,
WADA said, dodging drug testers
at competitions or failing to show
up entirely for fear of being tested.
From February to May, WADA
said, 455 doping tests of Russian
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Britain’s
antidoping
agency,
which stepped in to conduct testing in Russia this year after
WADA withdrew its recognition of
the Russian agency. But 73 athletes who were supposed to be
tested were unavailable, the antidoping agency said.
The Russian sports ministry
has admitted to doping problems
in recent months but has emphatically denied a governmentsupported program.
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TRI-VALLEY CENTRAL SCHOOL
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In a First, Broadway Streamed Live to the Comfort of Your Sofa
By MICHAEL PAULSON
The Metropolitan Opera has been transmitting performances live for a decade.
The National Theater in London jumped
on board a few years later. But Broadway,
facing both financial and philosophical obstacles, has been slow to join the trend.
Now, after years of start-and-stop
progress, Broadway is passing a milestone: On Wednesday, the nonprofit
Roundabout Theater Company, which
with three Broadway theaters is one of the
industry’s most prolific producers, said it
had agreed to allow a live stream of a
much-praised musical revival, “She Loves
Me,” which is running through July 10 at
Studio 54.
The event will be streamed by BroadwayHD, a new company seeking to broadcast theater performances, on June 30. It
will be the first time a Broadway show has
been streamed live, the company said. Unlike the broadcasts by the Met, the National Theater and several European
opera and ballet companies, it will be
available not in movie theaters but on the
internet, Roku and Apple TV.
“I think it will create more interest in
Broadway,” said Todd Haimes, the longtime artistic director of the Roundabout.
“There used to be this feeling, if a movie
was made of a Broadway show, that would
kill the Broadway show. Then something
happened. It was called ‘Chicago.’ They
Gavin Creel,
left, as Kodaly
and Jane
Krakowski as
Ilona in “She
Loves Me” at
Studio 54.
The musical
will be
streamed live
on June 30 on
BroadwayHD.
made the movie, and the ‘Chicago’ sales
went through the roof.”
The theater industry has been inching
in this direction for years. There have
been broadcasts on PBS (a Roundabout
production of “The Man Who Came to Dinner” was shown in 2000) and on commercial television (“Legally Blonde” was once
on MTV). Post-closing broadcasts were
screened in movie theaters (“Of Mice and
Men” was shown in cinemas by NT Live,
the National Theater’s program), and, recently, Off Broadway shows (“Buried
Child,” at the New Group, and “Old Hats,”
at Signature Theater) have been live
streamed by BroadwayHD.
Continued on Page 5
SARA KRULWICH/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Confederate
Dissident,
Footnoted
And on Film
Facing Followers Means Facing Fear
By JENNIFER SCHUESSLER
The forthcoming Matthew McConaughey drama “Free State of
Jones” lays claim to being the first
Hollywood film in decades to depict Reconstruction, the still controversial post-Civil War period
that attempted to rebuild the
South along racially egalitarian
lines.
But the movie, written and directed by Gary Ross, might also
lay claim to a more unusual title:
the first Hollywood drama to
come with footnotes.
The film recounts the true story
of Newton Knight (Mr. McConaughey), a Confederate deserter
who led a ragtag dissident army
from the swamps of Jones County,
Miss., and continued to fight for
the rights of African-Americans
after the Civil War ended.
In advance of the film’s release,
on June 24, Mr. Ross, whose
credits include “Seabiscuit” and
the first installment of “The
Hunger Games,” is posting an
elaborate
website
(freestateofjones.info) annotating
some three dozen topics and
scenes from the movie, allowing
audiences to click through and
evaluate for themselves his historical sources, including many
primary documents.
“I stopped my life to read and
study for two years before I even
started writing a script,” Mr. Ross
said during a recent interview in
NOAM GALAI/GETTY IMAGES
Christina Grimmie at Irving Plaza in New York in March. Ms. Grimmie was killed by a lone gunman on Friday night in Orlando, Fla.
Artists Encounter Risk
When Courting Fans
Continued on Page 2
By JOE COSCARELLI
For Tiffany Alvord, an independent singer with
a YouTube following of 2.8 million people, interacting with fans in person is her favorite part of
playing concerts. It is also a business necessity
that inspires loyalty by deepening the connections she has made online.
MURRAY CLOSE
“On YouTube, I perform to a camera, and all I
see is numbers and names,” she said. “Meeting
fans and seeing faces makes it real.”
But it can come with risks. Not long ago, Ms.
Alvord, 23, said, a male fan traveled to Los Angeles from Germany to see her perform, approaching her onstage with a teddy bear and trying to
kiss her. Even after she rebuffed his advances, the
fan joined the line for a post-show meet-and-greet
with her.
Such interactions, long a fact of life for performers — and especially female musicians — are becoming more fraught as artists, responding to in-
dustry and fan expectations, must make themselves increasingly accessible while also contending with a barrage of online harassment and
the threat of violence at concerts.
On Friday night in Orlando, Fla., a day before
the shooting at a gay nightclub that left 49 people
dead, a lone gunman killed the singer Christina
Grimmie, 22, in what the police have called a premeditated attack while she was selling merchandise and signing autographs after a show. Last
month, one person was killed in a shooting during
Continued on Page 6
Matthew McConaughey in
“Free State of Jones.”
Moral Vision and a True Believer’s Zeal
Louis Brandeis geared up for
combat when J. P. Morgan’s New
Haven Railroad tried to buy the
Boston and Maine lines. Brandeis hated the thought of what he
called “a monster
corporation controlling all transportation facilities
of New England,”
BOOKS
and lobbied fierceOF THE TIMES
ly against the
merger. Morgan prevailed, “but it
took all the power of the Republican machine and of the bankers’
money to do it,” Brandeis wrote,
“and I am well content with the
fight made.”
Brandeis would win many
other battles on behalf of his
ADAM
COHEN
Louis D. Brandeis
American
Prophet
By Jeffrey Rosen
242 pages. Yale
University Press.
$25.
people: consumers, workers,
small-business men and other
common folk. He rode his success as “the people’s lawyer” into
President Woodrow Wilson’s
inner circle as an influential
economic adviser, and then onto
the Supreme Court, where he
was the first Jewish justice and a
progressive champion.
INSIDE
Subdued, but Not Subtle
The brilliant, crusading Brandeis is the subject of Jeffrey
Rosen’s excellent “Louis D. Brandeis: American Prophet.” The
book, part of the Yale Jewish
Lives series, is not a full biography — that ground is already
well trod — but rather a concise
and sympathetic exploration of
Brandeis’s main intellectual
causes. It is well titled: Brandeis
resembled an Old Testament
prophet — Franklin D. Roosevelt
called him “old Isaiah” — with
his highly articulated moral
vision and true believer’s zeal. It
is also well timed: Mr. Rosen
persuasively makes his case that
recognizing Brandeis as an
Continued on Page 6
Jessica Lang Dance, left, celebrates
its fifth anniversary. Review by Gia
Kourlas, PAGE 5.
His 79th Play. Really.
“Hero’s Welcome,” by Alan
Ayckbourn, is at 59E59 Theaters
with his earlier “Confusions.”
Review by Ben Brantley, PAGE 2.
Game of Improv
The weekly improvisation show
“The Cast” finds material in
“Game of Thrones.” PAGE 7.
ANDREA MOHIN/THE NEW YORK TIMES
C2
N
MURRAY CLOSE
From left, Mahershala Ali and Matthew McConaughey in “Free State of Jones,” based on the life of the Confederate dissident Newton Knight (Mr. McConaughey); the actual Knight.
A Confederate Dissident’s Story in a Film With Footnotes
From First Arts Page
his office in Manhattan. “If people
want to pick apart this history,
they can. But they should know
that this wasn’t the glib work of a
screenwriter who was inventing
things.”
“Free State of Jones” arrives
nearly a year after the massacre
in a church in Charleston, S.C., renewed debate about the Confederate flag that Knight battled
against. But it also lands in the
wake of bruising, racially charged
debates about whether movies
like “Lincoln” and “Selma” give
whites too much, or too little, credit for black progress.
While Knight is a hero, Mr. Ross
said emphatically, he is not a white
savior of African-Americans, but a
white ally.
“I think we need to celebrate
alliances,” he said. “And it is
demonstrably true that Newt was
allied with African-Americans all
through Reconstruction after a lot
of white people in the South had
bailed.”
In carrying the Newton Knight
story through the violent rollback
of the promise of Reconstruction,
Mr. Ross is taking on the negative
image of the period driven deep
into American consciousness by
films like “Gone With the Wind”
and D. W. Griffith’s “The Birth of a
Nation,” as well as the Lost Cause
nostalgia that has infused many
movies since.
“This is not your granddaddy’s
Civil War movie,” said the Yale historian David Blight, one of 11 historical consultants listed prominently in the closing credits. “It
doesn’t in any way sentimentalize
any element of the Confederate
cause. Quite the contrary.”
Mr. Ross first encountered the
Knight story when a colleague
showed him a film treatment
around 2006, when he was coming
off “Seabiscuit.”
“I had no idea there was dissent
within the Confederacy,” he said.
“That immediately fascinated
me.”
He read and eventually optioned Victoria E. Bynum’s “The
Free State of Jones” (2001), the
first modern scholarly book to
piece together the scattered evidence of Knight’s story. To get the
bigger picture, he also approached leading scholars of Reconstruction, starting with the Columbia professor Eric Foner.
“I’m normally skeptical about
Hollywood history, so I sent him
off with a reading list,” Mr. Foner,
who has not yet seen the movie,
said by email. “He diligently read
the books and came back, so I was
happy to consult with him.”
Eventually Mr. Ross met John
Stauffer, a Harvard professor who
has written extensively about abolitionism. He set the director up
with visiting-scholar credentials
and created what Mr. Stauffer described as a rigorous syllabus. “It
was like working with grad students you really like,” he said.
The website Mr. Ross has created from his research covers topics
ranging from material details like
the horrifying spiked collar worn
by a runaway slave to broader issues like the racial makeup of
Knight’s military company and
whether Knight ever formally declared an independent State of
Jones that seceded from the Confederacy.
Where Mr. Ross has invented
characters or episodes or made
guesses about motivations, he explains why, pointing to justifications in the historical record. For
example, the film depicts Knight’s
decades-long relationship with
Rachel (played by Gugu MbathaRaw of “Belle”), a former slave
who once belonged to his grandfa-
ther and with whom he had several children. The site shows an
1876 document in which Knight
(who remained married to his
white wife) deeded her 160 acres
of land — an indication, Mr. Ross
writes, that theirs was “a loving
relationship that grew over time,”
rather than manifesting a “Thomas
Jefferson/Sally
Hemings
power dynamic.” Knight did not
own slaves.
The
extent
of
Knight’s
collaborations across the color
line has been a point of sometimes
hot debate among scholars, including those on Mr. Ross’s team.
In 2009, after Mr. Stauffer and
Sally Jenkins published “The
State of Jones,” a book inspired by
Mr. Ross’s screenplay, Ms. Bynum
posted a blistering three-part review on her blog, questioning
what she called its “highly exaggerated claims” that Knight had
fought for racial equality before
and after the war.
Ms. Bynum, who also consulted
on the film, said in an interview
that she didn’t want to revisit the
controversy, but noted that since
her review, new documents had
surfaced that lent support to the
film’s interpretations.
“I would not characterize Newt
as a civil rights activist, but the
factual ground is solid, and there
is room to interpret beyond that,”
she said.
Mr. Ross said he carefully considered how to depict Knight’s relationships with African-Americans. In a scene showing the meeting of the Union League (which in
the South functioned as a black secret society promoting the Republican Party and voting rights of
freedmen), Mr. Ross noted that
Moses Washington, a fictional
African-American
character,
leads the meeting while Knight
sits in the audience.
The Union League, he writes on
the site, was “an incubator of
black political agency.”
Another fictionalized scene —
in which Knight leads a group of
African Americans into town to attempt to vote in the fraud-ridden
state election of 1875 — may
smack to some of white saviorism.
But it can be justified, Mr. Ross
said, by a document showing that
in 1875 Knight was made a colonel
in a unit set up by Mississipi’s radical Republican governor Adlebert Ames to protect the voting
rights of African-Americans —
“incontrovertible proof,” he said,
of Knight’s “commitment to racial
A Toy Train Freighted
With Fate’s Gravity
Consider the mystery of the
toy train. This industriously
chugging mini-locomotive winds
its way through “Hero’s Welcome,” Alan Ayckbourn’s 79th
(you read that correctly) play, which
just opened at 59E59
Theaters as part of
the Brits Off BroadTHEATER
way Festival.
REVIEW
In a work that
includes all manner of dire deceptions and betrayals, which
seem guaranteed to end in tears
if not in bloodshed, that little
train set — which runs through
the entire house of a mayor and
her husband — may not seem
like such a big deal. But this is a
play by Mr. Ayckbourn; nothing
is too small to bear revelatory
weight.
The toy train and its elaborate
accouterments, the pride of a
middle-aged man and the despair of his tolerant wife, initially
register as the kind of quirky,
colorful details with which comic
playwrights define their characters. But by the end, this seemingly incidental plaything suggests the full dimensions of a
relationship, a tragic chapter in
its history and, for one character,
a fate that may well be worse
than death.
Little things mean a lot in the
world of Mr. Ayckbourn, whose
“Hero’s Welcome” runs in repertory with his “Confusions,” a bill
of linked sketches written 30
years earlier. (Both productions
originated at his home base, the
Stephen Joseph Theater of Scarborough, England, and are directed by the author.) The wife
and husband described above,
played by Elizabeth Boag and
Russell Dixon, aren’t even the
central figures in “Hero’s Welcome.” That would be the hometown hero of the title and his
foreign war bride, embodied by
Richard Stacey and Evelyn
Hoskins.
Yet so deft is Mr. Ayckbourn’s
dramatic shorthand that he can
summon complete, quirkily
detailed back stories for not one
but three intersecting couples in
a single, standard-length play. He
manages to do so while engineer-
BEN
BRANTLEY
Hero’s Welcome, written by
Alan Ayckbourn, with Richard
Stacey, left, and Russell
Dixon, at 59E59 Theaters.
Hero’s Welcome
Confusions
Written and directed by Alan Ayckbourn;
designed by Michael Holt; lighting by
Jason Taylor; stage managers, Jennifer
Hirst, Veronica Aglow and Emma Lang.
A Stephen Joseph Theater production,
presented as part of the Brits Off Broadway series by 59E59Theaters, Elysabeth
Kleinhans, artistic director; Peter Tear,
executive producer; Brian Beirne,
managing director. “Hero’s Welcome”
runs through July 2 and “Confusions”
through July 3 at 59E59 Theaters, 59
East 59th Street, 212-279-4200, 59e59.org.
Running time “Confusions”: 2 hours 5
minutes. Running time “Hero’s Welcome”: 2 hours 20 minutes.
“Confusions” WITH: Elizabeth Boag
(Lucy/Bernice/Mrs. Pearce/Beryl),
Charlotte Harwood (Rosemary/Paula/
Polly/Milly/Doreen), Stephen Billington
(Terry/Waiter/Stewart/Ernest), Richard
Stacey (Harry/Martin/Vicar/Charles)
and Russell Dixon (Mr. Pearce/Gosforth/
Arthur).
PHOTOGRAPHS BY SARA KRULWICH/THE NEW YORK TIMES
“Hero’s Welcome” WITH: Stephen
Billington (Brad), Elizabeth Boag (Alice), Russell Dixon (Derek), Charlotte
Harwood (Kara/Simone), Evelyn
Hoskins (Madrababacascabuna Baba)
and Richard Stacey (Murray).
ing an elaborate plot, as full of
twists and secrets as anything by
Ibsen, in which everybody lies,
including the British government.
Mr. Ayckbourn, 77, has built
one of the most prolific and successful careers in British theater
on the premise that there are no
small parts, in life or onstage. In
multiplay masterworks like “The
Norman Conquests” and “House
and Garden,” he keeps shifting
points of view, so that characters
hitherto in the background suddenly dominate the foreground.
And no matter what their
positions on the canvas, these
people are usually as sad as they
are funny and vice versa.
The zesty appetizers that
make up “Confusions” (which
despite being one of Mr. Ayckbourn’s most performed works is
only now having its New York
premiere) demonstrate that this
writer’s sensibility was fully
formed 32 years ago, when he
was a mere stripling in his
mid-40s. They’re trifles by his
later standards, quick-sketch
farces programmed to end with
justice.”
It remains to be seen how Mr.
Ross’s film will land with audiences. Kellie Carter Jackson, an
assistant professor of history at
Hunter College and the author of
the coming book “Force and Freedom: Black Abolitionists and the
Politics of Violence,” said there
was a need for a more accurate depiction of Reconstruction, but
noted that Hollywood “has a hard
time divesting white men from the
center of the universe.”
“If it’s really about Knight being
an ally, then shouldn’t McConaughey be the supporting actor and
not the lead?” she said.
Mr. Ross said that Knight’s
story was just one story and that
he welcomed more films like Nate
Parker’s “The Birth of a Nation,”
about Nat Turner’s rebellion,
which will be released this fall.
“I wish someone would also
make a film about Denmark Vesey,
a film about Tunis Campbell, a film
about Robert Smalls, a film about
Albion Tourgée,” he said, rattling
off the names of undersung 19thcentury African-American heroes
and white allies. “There are a lot of
stories that need to turn the lights
on so we can have an objective
view of history.”
From left, Russell Dixon, Charlotte Harwood, Stephen
Billington and Richard Stacey in “Confusions.”
zingers.
But these five one-acters also
allow you to see clearly the basic
building blocks from which Mr.
Ayckbourn constructs his more
complex works. And even the
silliest of them is steeped in the
critical yet compassionate sensibility — call it sentimental cynicism — that is uniquely their
creator’s.
The best-known of these is the
rowdiest, “Gosforth’s Fete,” in
which a village fair is leveled by
both a thunderstorm and raging
human incompetence. My personal favorite is the first on the
bill, “Mother Figure,” in which a
homebound housewife has become so used to dealing only
with her inexhaustible children
that she treats any adults who
enter her home as if they were
toddlers.
Ms. Boag plays the Mom
(pricelessly) in that one, and
Charlotte Harwood and Stephen
Billington are the couple who live
next door. All three show up in
different roles in the subsequent
playlet, set in a small-town hotel,
with Mr. Stacey appearing as the
absent father from the first play.
Mr. Dixon joins their ranks for
the third play, and the entire cast
of five is recycled for the evening’s duration.
That’s one of the primary joys
of “Confusions,” watching chameleon performers change identities with wigs and accents,
while locations are transformed
by the rearrangement of simple
pieces of furniture. (Michael Holt
is the designer.) But there’s also
the joy of seeing Mr. Ayckbourn
casually play with perspective,
as in a restaurant scene in which
we hear only what a waiter (Mr.
Billington) hears as he moves in
and out of earshot between two
squabbling tables for two.
“Hero’s Welcome” has no
similar antics of technique.
Though it is Mr. Ayckbourn’s
most recent play, it is also one of
this most old-fashioned. This tale
of a soldier’s return to the town
he left under shady circumstances years earlier has the
structure of a 19th-century melodrama in which the sins of the
past overtake the placid present.
The plot’s combustible ingredients include a jilted bride, arson,
and a vial of tranquilizers and a
loaded gun just begging to be
picked up. Yet “Hero’s Welcome”
remains a comedy, at least in the
sense that Chekhov called his
plays comedies. Its characters
are enjoyably silly in their pretensions and eccentricities. They
are also capable of acts of genuine evil and genuine heroism.
“Hero’s Welcome” is a crowded
work, and not just because this
production crams three detailed
playing spaces — which portray
the home turf of the play’s three
sets of couples — onto a small
stage. It has more twists of plot
than a season of “Coronation
Street.”
But never make the mistake of
thinking Mr. Ayckbourn doesn’t
know what he’s doing. The
dense, teetering structure of
“Hero’s Welcome” is dictated by
the dense, teetering class structure that still rules and stifles
English life.
Now throw an outsider into
this insular society, and see if she
sinks or swims or makes tidal
waves. That’s Madrababacascabuna (the delightful Ms.
Hoskins), the young wife of the
returning hero, who looks like a
natural victim.
Baba, as her husband calls her,
doesn’t speak English. Which
leads to the expected malapropisms, as when she tells a
woman whose house she has just
entered, “You have a beautiful
hole.” That hostess, a kind soul in
a sour marriage, explains, “You’ll
find that in our language there’s
lots of words than can be taken
in different ways.”
Having to deal with all that
linguistic nuance can be burdensome, of course, and that’s more
or less true of any culture. Mr.
Ayckbourn, gentleman that he is,
has given Baba a vaguely
Eastern European-sounding
language he invented just for her.
She approaches a closed world
— one in which Mr. Ayckbourn’s
characters are usually prisoners
for life — with her own set of
shiny new tools. That may sound
like a handicap. But in “Hero’s
Welcome,” it’s the foreign visitor
who has the advantage over the
old home team that Mr. Ayckbourn has spent his fruitful career coaching into blunders.
C3
N
Arts, Briefly
Collector, 1; Qataris, 0: Picasso Battle Ends
SANTIAGO MEJIA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Dead End: Don’t Let Me Down Yoshiko Chuma and Dane Terry in this
work by Ms. Chuma & the School of Hard Knocks, at Roulette.
Responding to Tragedy
With Dance and Music
First came a trigger warning.
At Roulette in Brooklyn on Tuesday, “Dead End: Don’t Let Me
Down,” by Yoshiko Chuma & the
School of Hard Knocks, opened
with the announcement that a prop gun
would be fired during
the performance.
Following Chekhov’s
DANCE rule, Ms. Chuma did
REVIEW
eventually pull the
trigger after intermission, but
instead of a bang, the fake weapon emitted only a sad click.
That sound, feeble and yet
piercing by association, is emblematic of the drawbacks and
advantages of Ms. Chuma’s
working methods. The performance was what she calls a “dry
tech.” The cast of a dozen or so
dancers, musicians and artists
had started rehearsals, she said,
only that very morning. And yet
“Dead End” is also the latest in a
series of multimedia
performances titled “π=3.14...,”
which Ms. Chuma started in 2007
and are described in the program
as “a work perpetually in
progress.” Bits of earlier iterations of the series were repeated
on Tuesday, live and on video,
with cast members reprising
roles.
The series has been concerned
with borders, displacement and
terrible events in other countries, mixing raucous improvised
music and dance with sober
recitations of interviews with
people in the Palestinian city of
Ramallah in the West Bank or
BRIAN
SEIBERT
“Dead End: Don’t Let Me Down”
runs through Thursday at
Roulette in Brooklyn; roulette.org.
Fukushima in Ms. Chuma’s native Japan. But her last-minute,
open structure allowed “Dead
End” to address something terrible that just happened in the
United States: the mass shooting
in Orlando, Fla.
The subject was approached
both directly, in Ms. Chuma’s
holding-back-tears intermission
speech about debating whether
she should cancel the performance, and indirectly, in Tim Clifford’s chilling designs of shooting-gallery shapes on black-andwhite paper. Mr. Clifford also
recited accounts of gun violence
from Charles Reznikoff’s “Testimony,” a poem culled from court
records that is a less haphazard
predecessor to Ms. Chuma’s
collections of voices and documents of suffering.
The material for “Testimony”
comes from 1885-1915, and yet Mr.
Clifford said its time was today,
or Sunday in Orlando. Such
conflations are characteristic of
Ms. Chuma’s collages. So are
misfires, which on Tuesday included the frame of the Beatles
song “Don’t Let Me Down” and
some bizarre overacting by
Heather Litteer, amid more affecting stories of an architect in
Kabul, Afghanistan, and of a
Palestinian dancer in Syria.
Again and again, the “π=3.14
. . . ” series has made the same
point: Despite political borders,
we are not so different from one
another. Tuesday’s performance,
though, was overwhelmed by
another number trailing horrifying ellipses (the mounting massshooting body count) and a grimmer message: Where there’s a
gun, someone will shoot it.
The collector Leon Black is the
legal victor in a dispute over the
ownership of a renowned Picasso sculpture and will take
possession of it.
The parties who had been
fighting over the plaster bust of
the artist’s muse (and mistress)
Marie-Thérèse Walter, announced on Wednesday that
they had agreed that Mr. Black
would keep the work, “Bust of a
Woman,” right, and that a rival
owner, representing the Qatari
royal family, would receive financial compensation of an undisclosed amount.
A settlement had been an2016 ESTATE OF PABLO PICASSO/
nounced in May, but the court
ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY (ARS), NEW YORK
did not disclose any details regarding who would keep the sculpture.
In a legal action filed in January against the Qatari family’s agent,
Larry Gagosian, the gallery’s owner, said that he had bought the 1931
sculpture in May 2015 for about $106 million from Picasso’s daughter
Maya Widmaier-Picasso, and then sold it to Mr. Black.
But Pelham Holdings, the agent for the Qatari family, run by Guy
Bennett, maintained in its own court documents that it had secured
an agreement with Ms. Widmaier-Picasso to buy the work in November 2014 for 38 million euros, or about $42 million, on behalf of Sheikh
Jassim bin Abdulaziz al-Thani, who is married to Sheikha al Mayassa
bint Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, chairwoman of the Qatar Museums
Authority. ROBIN POGREBIN
‘A Bronx Tale’ Is Heading
to Broadway . . .
“A Bronx Tale” is Broadway
bound. Chazz Palminteri’s largely autobiographical story, made
famous in the film featuring
Robert De Niro, will arrive at the
Longacre Theater this fall, with
performances scheduled to begin
on Nov. 3 and an opening of Dec.
1. Set, as the title suggests, in the
Bronx, the story is about a boy
who witnesses a killing and then
is torn between two potential
mentors, his father and a mobster.
“It’s a morality tale — a fable,”
Mr. De Niro, who directed the
film and will be a director of the
musical adaptation, said in a
telephone interview. “It’s very
simple, but effective.”
Mr. Palminteri, who witnessed
a killing from his family stoop
when he was a boy, initially
wrote the story as a one-man
play, which he starred in, Off
Broadway, in 1989. Mr. De Niro
shepherded the film version, in
which he starred with Mr.
Palminteri, in 1993, and then Mr.
Palminteri performed the solo
show on Broadway in 2007-8.
The musical, which had a
pre-Broadway production this
year at the Paper Mill Playhouse
in Millburn, N.J., has a deep
bench: Mr. De Niro will direct
with Jerry Zaks, who has won
four Tonys; it will feature doowop by Alan Menken (a Tony
winner for “Newsies the Musical”) and lyrics by Glenn Slater
(a Tony nominee this year for
“School of Rock — the Musical”).
Nick Cordero, a Tony nominee
for “Bullets Over Broadway” and
a member of the current cast of
“Waitress,” is expected to star in
the show. MICHAEL PAULSON
. . . And ‘The Encounter’
Is Going, Too
Turn off your cellphones.
Unwrap your candy. And put on
those headsets.
An immersive stage show that
makes heavy use of binaural
technology (3-D audio) for
drama is coming to Broadway
this fall after a sold-out run in
London and arts festival appearances throughout Europe.
“The Encounter,” inspired by
Petru Popescu’s novel “Amazon
Beaming,” is loosely about a
National Geographic photographer’s experience with a mystical tribe in Brazil in 1969. But, as
directed and performed by the
British director Simon McBurney, it is also an exploration of
the nature of reality and the
meaning of storytelling.
“I became fascinated with the
whole process of memory —
what the relationship is between
the actual way memory works in
the brain, and the effect of that in
our lives,” Mr. McBurney said in
a telephone interview. He has
worked on Broadway before, as
director of a 1998 revival of “The
Chairs,” by Eugene Ionesco, and
of a 2008 revival of Arthur
Miller’s “All My Sons.”
The Broadway production is to
begin previews on Sept. 20 and
open on Sept. 29 at the John
Golden Theater; it is scheduled
to run through Jan. 8. Mr. McBurney said he hoped to do most
of the performances, but another
actor, Richard Katz, would step
in as needed. MICHAEL PAULSON
‘Bright Star’ Is Closing
The new musical “Bright Star”
will be shining for just a few
more weeks.
The Broadway show, a collaboration between Steve Martin and
Edie Brickell, will close on June
26, the producers have said. At
that point it will have played 30
previews and 109 regular
performances.
The musical, inspired by a
newspaper article about a baby
found in a valise, tells the story
of a pregnant teenager whose
infant is taken from her, and
what happens in each of their
lives.
The show has struggled to find
audiences since it began
performances on Feb. 25.
MICHAEL PAULSON
CBS Keeps the Grammys
CBS will broadcast the
Grammy Awards through at
least 2026, the network announced on Wednesday.
This contract extension is for
five years; CBS already had the
rights to the Grammys through
2021.
The network has broadcast the
Grammys since 1973, and the
contract extension ensures that
it will have the show for 54 consecutive years, which CBS said
was the longest continuous relationship between a single broadcaster and an awards show.
On Sunday, CBS aired the
Tonys, which received a 15-year
high in ratings, with 8.7 million
viewers. This year the Grammys
ceremony was watched by 25
million, its lowest viewership
since 2009.
Next year’s Grammys will take
place on Feb. 12, returning the
show to its traditional Sunday
night slot. It was shown on Monday night this year. JOHN KOBLIN
LINCOLN PLAZA
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C4
N
New Music
a Groove,” the foundation of Ice
Cube’s “Bop Gun (One Nation)”.
The Fatback Band’s “Backstrokin’,” anchor of so many West
Coast rap hits, is used here on
the title track. “She Wish She
Was” includes a sample of Mack
10’s “Foe Life.” The guests —
Nipsey Hussle, Joe Moses, Jay
305, and more — skew heavily
toward Southern California.
In contrast to Kendrick Lamar,
who uses Compton’s rap history
as the foundation for fanciful
flights of syllabic dexterity and
lyrical nerve, YG treats it as
destiny. The past is deeply, genetically embedded. (But the
chasm between the two isn’t so
vast: The team behind Mr.
Lamar’s sound is here, too, represented by Terrace Martin, who
produced a handful of songs, and
Derek Ali, who mixed the album.)
But for YG, what’s past is
present as well. Last June he
was shot at a Los Angeles studio.
Throughout this album that
YG
“Still Brazy”
(Def Jam)
In a world where hip-hop’s
borders — aesthetic, regional
and more — are increasingly
porous, making an album as
insular as “Still Brazy,” the second major-label effort by the
Compton rapper YG, counts as
bold.
“Still Brazy” is an artisanal,
proletarian Los Angeles gangster
rap record, less tribute to the
sound’s golden age than a fullthroated and wholly absorbed
recitation. YG is a stern rapper,
but a loyal student above all.
And the city’s history is tattooed on “Still Brazy.” Almost
every song features the gelatinous low end that was a specialty
of vintage gangster rap. “Twist
My Fingaz,” the first single, is
familiar Compton tough talk,
working off an interpolation of
Funkadelic’s “One Nation Under
Red Hot Chili Peppers
“The Getaway”
(Warner Bros.)
Flea, the slap-happy bassist in
the Red Hot Chili Peppers, recently stirred up a small
tempest: “A lot of times, especially recently, I look at rock
music as kind of a dead form in a
lot of ways.” He was talking with
Mike McCready of Pearl Jam on
SiriusXM, and quickly hedged:
“Nothing to take against us or
you guys, because you know,
we’re obviously — I believe that
we’re relevant bands that come
with” a real energy. (He used
profanity there.)
Flea was talking about punk
values, basically: insurgency,
impertinence, whatever is the
opposite of groomed and packaged. Thirty years ago, the Red
Hot Chili Peppers formed an
embodiment of that riotous ideal.
It lingers mainly as a fond reverberation on “The Getaway,” their
11th studio album, a back-tobasics record with an asterisk: It
doesn’t sound exactly like classic-vintage Chili Peppers, but it
might just sound like how you
remember them. Rather than
regrouping with Rick Rubin, the
producer of note throughout the
Chili Peppers canon, the band
enlisted Danger Mouse, a paladin of pastiche.
Danger Mouse takes a Rubinesque approach, smartly punching up the sinewy cohesion that
still sets the Chili Peppers apart.
“Dark Necessities” has all the
trademarks: thumb-popping
bass, chiming guitar, vocals that
oscillate between rhythmic patter and a plaintive chorus.
“Goodbye Angels” forms an even
more perfect distillation, with
mounting pressure and a hard
swerve, after three and a half
minutes, into a polyrhythmic
Other points of view
on the Op-Ed page
seven days a week.
The New York Times
DANIEL BOCZARSKI/GETTY IMAGES
YG last March, a few months before he was shot in the hip.
attack is a rich text for him to
mine, whether in the form of
boasting (“The only one that got
mosh-pit jam.
Anthony Kiedis writes lyrics
with rhythmic cadence first and
foremost, which means there will
always be bursts of babble —
“Send it off through Delaware
just/Make it fair for the legionnaires” — alongside his cosmic
or tragicomic musings. Flea is
better featured here than he has
been for a while, and his hookup
with the drummer Chad Smith is
as fine and rubbery as ever. The
guitarist Josh Klinghoffer, who
was still finding his footing on
the band’s 2011 album, “I’m With
You,” sounds fully vested now:
The spidery arpeggios and echoey accents in “The Longest
Wave” reflect the long shadow of
his predecessor, John Frusciante,
but that’s to be expected.
What’s less expected is a collaboration with Elton John and
Bernie Taupin on “Sick Love,” a
sauntering pop tune with a
crooked charm. Doesn’t that
choice of guests underline Flea’s
indictment of rock’s relevance?
Your feelings on the issue will
probably correlate to your enjoyment of “This Ticonderoga,” in
which Mr. Kiedis articulates a
worldview: “We are all just
soldiers in this battlefield of
life/One thing that’s for certain is
my burning appetite.”
NATE CHINEN
OSLO
A new play by J. T. ROGERS
hit and was walking the same
day”); resignation; or more
often, paranoia, as on “Who Shot
Me?” in which YG mulls over the
circumstances of his attack, and
sees potential enemies everywhere: “Damn, did the homie set
me up? ‘Cause we ain’t really
been talking much.” Depending
on your angle, the song is either
a plea issued in fear and anguish,
a statement of plausible denial,
or a call for information.
This immediacy is one of the
hallmarks of “Still Brazy” which
is, if anything, more straightforward than YG’s 2014 debut, “My
Krazy Life,” which leaned more
heavily on storytelling. It’s there
in the palpable fatigue on “I Got
a Question,” or the spoken interludes that suggest chaos at every
turn.
And it’s also in the album’s
explicit politics, a direct response
to continuing American racial
hostilities. There’s “Blacks &
Browns,” a powerful statement of
cross-racial unity featuring the
Mexican-American rapper Sad
Boy, and “FDT,” a broadside
against the presumptive Republican presidential nominee, Donald J. Trump, emphasizing his
divisiveness and dismissiveness
— it’s the first great protest song
of this insurgent election season.
The album closes with “Police
Get Away Wit Murder,” in which
YG talks about relations with
authority as asymmetric warfare, and recites the names of
unarmed victims of police
killings. This is gangster rap as
agit-pop, and a reminder that it
was never anything but.
JON CARAMANICA
RICH POLK/GETTY IMAGES
Laura Mvula in California this year. “The Dreaming Room” is her second album.
Laura Mvula
“The Dreaming Room”
(Columbia)
The English singer Laura
Mvula’s exceptional second
album seems a feat of self-actualization, full of lyrics about managing psycho-spiritual highs and
lows, often both at once: “I feel
lost and found/at the same damn
time,” she sings in “Kiss My
Feet.”
That is the sort of thing that
has become nearly necessary for
entry into the pop-music sphere.
(She has recently given interviews about turmoil in her life
that is not identified per se in the
songs: panic attacks and a marriage breakup.) But the album is
also a broad feat of traditional
and technical musicality, which
isn’t so necessary for that
sphere, and which sets her
slightly apart from pop. She
plans out her own space and
commands it.
“The Dreaming Room” represents meticulous formal achievement, a nearly symmetrical
series of mountains that Ms.
Mvula builds, through her choral
and orchestral and rhythmic
arrangements, and then climbs.
Many of her songs seem readymade for some kind of theatrical
adaptation. They’re authentically
dramatic, built on the swells of
brass and strings and percussion, which might suddenly
disappear behind some new peak
of melody or meaning sung by
Ms. Mvula — surrounded in
harmony by her own voice,
multi-tracked to the vanishing
point and enlarged with
cathedral echo.
The record draws a little closer
to pop’s electronic vernacular,
and also to a sense of looseness
or play, than her first album,
“Sing to the Moon.” She’s using
her voice more flexibly, employing her own intuitive inflections
and ornamentations. She’s
making her songs land a little
harder — such as “Overcome,” a
short work of choral-orchestral
funk that packs a houseful of
ideas into just over three minutes, including the propulsive
and gorgeous rhythm-guitar
patterns of Nile Rodgers.
At the record’s center is “Show
Me Love,” its most spacious
track, six minutes long. In it,
after a piano-and-vocals ballad
section, a key change and a
hymn-like sequence, the strings
play a cycle of chords, quietly at
first. For the next three minutes
Ms. Mvula seems to improvise
over it, with bits of the tightly
written lyrics she has already
sung. “Showed me — showed me
love — of the deepest kind,” she
sings. A little later: “No no. Nobody. There’s nobody like you.
Now I see you. Now I see you,
now I see you.” And here she
chuckles: a key moment of abandon on a careful record.
BEN RATLIFF
Directed by BARTLETT SHER
BROADWAY
PREVIEWS BEGIN TONIGHT
Today at 7!
REFRESHING, RETHOUGHT, and
EVERY BIT AS EPIC”-Chicago Tribune
WINNER! BEST MUSICAL
Outer Critics Circle Award
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BRIGHT STAR
Music, Book & Story by Steve Martin
Music, Lyrics & Story by Edie Brickell
Directed by Walter Bobbie
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Groups 10+ Call 1-800-Broadway x2
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Also Playing in Boston and D.C.!
OFF−BROADWAY
FINAL BROADWAY PERFORMANCE 9/4!
Winner! Best Play - 2015 Tony Award
TONIGHT at 7, TOMORROW at 8
Starring “Jane the Virgin's” Jaime Camil
Now through July 31
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CHICAGO
The Musical
The #1 Longest-Running American
Musical in Broadway History!
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ChicagoTheMusical.com
Mo, Tu, Th, Fr 8; Sa 2:30 & 8; Su 2:30 & 7
Ambassador Theatre (+) 219 W. 49th St.
Sets
MICHAEL YEARGAN
Costumes
CATHERINE ZUBER
Lighting
DONALD HOLDER
Sound
PETER JOHN STILL
Projections
59 PRODUCTIONS
Stage Manager
CAMBRA OVEREND
LINCOLN CENTER THEATER
150 W. 65TH ST. · TELECHARGE.COM · 212-239-6200 · LCT.ORG
OSLO was supported by a Theatre Commissioning and Production Initiative grant from The Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. • This play is the recipient of an Edgerton Foundation New Play Award.
LCT thanks these generous contributors to OSLO : The Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater • National Endowment for the Arts • Laurents/Hatcher Foundation
Special thanks to The Harold and Mimi Steinberg Charitable Trust for supporting new American plays at LCT.
A New Play by SIMON STEPHENS
Based on the novel by MARK HADDON
CuriousOnBroadway.com
Barrymore Theatre (+), 243 W. 47 St.
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Tonight at 7:30, Tomorrow at 8
ALFIE BOE
LAST 2 WEEKS!
NOW THRU JUNE 26
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Lincoln Center Theater presents
RODGERS & HAMMERSTEIN'S
Directed by Tony Winner Diane Paulus
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Vivian Beaumont Theater (+), 150 W. 65th
“CAUSE FOR CELEBRATION!”
Entertainment Weekly
Tonight at 7, Tom'w at 8, Sat 2 & 8
“A Treat For All The Senses!” - NY Post
Cast (in alphabetical order):
MICHAEL ARONOV ANTHONY AZIZI ADAM DANNHEISSER JENNIFER EHLE
DANIEL JENKINS DARIUSH KASHANI JEB KREAGER JEFFERSON MAYS CHRISTOPHER M C HALE
DANIEL ORESKES ANGELA PIERCE HENNY RUSSELL JOSEPH SIRAVO T. RYDER SMITH
THE CURIOUS INCIDENT
OF THE DOG
IN THE NIGHT-TIME
FINDING NEVERLAND
KINKY BOOTS
Groups (10+): 1-800-BROADWAY
Tu & Th 7; We & Sa 2 & 8; Fr 8; Su 3
KinkyBootsTheMusical.com
Al Hirschfeld Theatre (+), 302 W. 45th St.
THE KING AND I
WAITRESS
Starring Jessie Mueller
Music and Lyrics by Sara Bareilles
Book by Jessie Nelson
Directed by Diane Paulus
WaitressTheMusical.com
Brooks Atkinson Theatre, 256 W. 47th St.
Tonight at 8. “NOTHING BUT JOY AND
PLENTY OF IT!” - Rex Reed, NY Observer
CAGNEY
Hollywood's Tough Guy In Tap Shoes
Tu 7, Wed 2&8, Thu & Fri 8, Sat 2&8, Sun 3
Tickets At Telecharge.com 212 239 6200
Groups (10+) 212 757 9117
Westside Theatre (+) 407 W. 43rd.St.
CagneyTheMusical.com
TONIGHT AT 7:30
“A KNOCKOUT!” — The New York Times
EXTENDED! NOW THROUGH SEPT 4!
THE EFFECT
A new play by Lucy Prebble
Directed by David Cromer
SmartTix.com or 212.868.4444
BarrowStreetTheatre.com
27 Barrow St.
Tonight at 8pm!
“SMART, LIVELY, TUNEFUL” - Huff Post
NOW EXTENDED THRU JULY 17!
John Legend & Get Lifted Film Co present
Scandal's Joe Morton in
The Greatest Love Story Never Told
Book, Music, Lyrics by Jonathan Brielle
Tu 7, We 2 & 8, Th-Fr 8, Sa 2 & 8, Su 3
HimselfandNoraMusical.com
Minetta Lane Theatre (+), 18 Minetta Lane
NYT Critics' Pick
“SCORCHINGLY FUNNY!” NY Times
“Better than almost anything !” WABC-TV
Westside Theatre (+) 407 West 43rd St.
HIMSELF AND NORA
TONIGHT AT 8, TOMORROW AT 8
Lincoln Center Theater Presents
OSLO
A New Play by J.T. Rogers
Directed by Bartlett Sher
www.lct.org
Mitzi E.Newhouse Theater(+),150 W.65th
TURN ME LOOSE
N
C5
MICHELLE V. AGINS/THE NEW YORK TIMES
The Marriage of Figaro The baritone Jesse Blumberg, as Figaro, and the soprano Jeni Houser, as Susanna, exchange full-voiced phrases just inches from the audience in this On Site Opera production at 632 on Hudson.
A Snappy, Intimate Take on ‘Figaro,’ Room to Room in a Townhouse
The valet Figaro bustles about, measuring the floor space of the new quarters he will soon occupy with Susanna,
while, off to the side, she tries on a
bridal hat. These are the beloved characters we know from
Mozart’s “Le Nozze di
Figaro.” But the unfamiliar music is by Marcos
Portugal, born in Lisbon
OPERA
in 1762 and renowned in
REVIEW
his time.
On Tuesday night, the enterprising
On Site Opera gave what it called the
North American premiere of Portugal’s
“The Marriage of Figaro,” also adapted
from Beaumarchais’s incendiary
French play. Portugal composed the
work in 1799 for a Venice production (13
ANTHONY
TOMMASINI
years after Mozart’s “Figaro” first
played Vienna).
This is the second installment of On
Site’s presentation of unfamiliar operatic versions of Beaumarchais’s Figaro
trilogy. It began last June with a charming production of Paisiello’s 1782 “The
Barber of Seville.” That opera, so popular in its day, was later nudged aside by
Rossini’s version.
On Site Opera presents the ultimate
in intimate productions by performing
works in spaces that fit the setting of
the story. The audience (inevitably
small) follows the performers from
“The Marriage of Figaro” runs through
Friday at 632 Hudson Street, Manhattan; 866-811-4111, osopera.org.
room to room, along with a roving
roster of instrumentalists. This delightful staging of Portugal’s “Figaro” takes
place at 632 on Hudson, a beautifully
renovated townhouse in the West Village, available for all manner of events.
For this modern-dress staging by the
imaginative director Eric Einhorn, the
townhouse becomes Count Almaviva’s
summer palace.
The action begins in a large kitchen
with long wooden tables. Chairs are set
up for only some 50 audience members.
(The run is sold out.) And talk about
immersive opera — it’s quite dramatic
when, say, the hearty baritone Jesse
Blumberg, as Figaro, and the brightvoiced soprano Jeni Houser, as Susanna, exchange full-voiced phrases
Soldiers
And Sonnets
Take the Stage
It’s all about imagery: army fatigues,
ink splatters and a train of fabric that
stretches long or gathers in a swirl
around a woman’s ankles. Is it a lake or
quicksand? Probably both. Jessica
Lang’s dances may be subdued, but they don’t embrace subtlety.
On Tuesday, Jessica Lang
Dance returned to the Joyce
DANCE
Theater
in celebration of its
REVIEW
fifth anniversary. In September, the company will move into a
new dance center in Long Island City,
Queens, where classes will be offered at
all levels. It’s an impressive accomplishment. If only the same could be
said of Ms. Lang’s tepid choreography,
which is frequently performed by ballet
companies, and illustrates how quickly
simplicity can slide into blandness.
The Joyce program features three
New York premieres, including “Solo
Bach” (2008), in which Patrick Coker,
upbeat and high-spirited, starts out
with his back to the audience. Kicking a
leg forward with a jaunty hop, he faces
us with upturned palms — a greeting
that is repeated throughout — and
presses ahead with fleet footwork and
airy jumps. It’s sweet, yet overwrought.
For “Thousand Yard Stare” (2015),
Ms. Lang takes her title from the unfocused gaze of a traumatized soldier.
Wearing fatigues designed by Bradon
McDonald — formerly of Mark Morris
and “Project Runway” — and dancing
to Beethoven, the performers march
under Nicole Pearce’s eerie green lighting. Taking three steps, they lean forward and then stand upright with a
raised foot frozen in midstep. Strobe
lights flash — an unnecessary reminder
that the setting is a battlefield. Ms.
Lang’s theme — the plight of soldiers,
the horror of war — is too transparent
to be affecting.
Five Shakespeare sonnets, heard
over a crackling recording, inspire
“Sweet Silent Thought” (2016). Here,
the beauty of the words along with Mr.
McDonald’s costumes — silky white
tunics for the women and deconstructed sailor suits for the men —
overwhelm Ms. Lang’s landscape of
English translation, with Portugal’s
recitatives replaced with new spoken
dialogue (by Joan Holden) based on
Beaumarchais’s play.
The wonderful cast includes the
charismatic tenor David Blalock as the
count, the plush-voiced soprano Camille
Zamora as the countess, the formidable
mezzo-soprano Margaret Lattimore as
a take-charge Marcellina, and the soprano Melissa Wimbish in a showstealing turn as the hormonal pageboy
Cherubino. Ryan Kuster as Basilio,
David Langan as Bartolo, and Antoine
Hodge as Antonio were also excellent.
Part 3 of On Site’s Figaro Project,
presenting Milhaud’s “The Guilty
Mother,” will be staged next year. The
company has yet to figure out where.
‘She Loves Me,’ Streaming Live
In a Milestone for Broadway
GIA
KOURLAS
Jessica Lang Dance performs through
Sunday at the Joyce Theater, 175 Eighth
Avenue, at 19th Street, Manhattan;
212-242-0800, joyce.org.
just inches away from you as they dash
around that kitchen. When the opera
shifts to the countess’s private chambers, the cast and audience move to a
plush salon. The encounters in the
garden take place in a bright atrium.
On Site Opera’s music director,
Geoffrey McDonald, working with José
Luis Iglésias, has arranged the orchestra score for violin, cello, clarinet, oboe
and, to provide some Iberian color,
accordion, guitar and Portuguese guitar. Opera fans today, who know
Mozart’s masterpiece, have to cut Portugal a little slack. The fetching, lyrically rich music, if lacking in depth and
contrapuntal intricacy, abounds in
vitality and wit. The opera (cut considerably) is performed here in a snappy
PHOTOGRAPHS BY ANDREA MOHIN/THE NEW YORK TIMES
Jessica Lang Dance Laura Mead, top center, and other members of this troupe in
“Sweet Silent Thought.” Above from left, Clifton Brown, John Harnage and Jammie
Walker performing “Thousand Yard Stare” at the Joyce Theater.
slippery, ever-shifting duets and trios.
Her dancers are strong, but the slowmotion quality of her phrases often
appears disconnected; striking the
right balance between emotional and
formal concerns eludes her.
In “i.n.k” (2011), a rambling exploration of ink blots complete with video
art, and “Among the Stars” (2010), an
angst-filled pas de deux with a third
wheel — remember that train of fabric?
— pleasure is found in the dancing of
Laura Mead, who brings a gossamer
freshness to the most sentimental of
fare. On a stage full of longing stares
and upward reaching arms, it’s a feat.
But the complications are daunting.
Theater is a highly unionized industry,
and figuring out how to compensate performers and creators has been hard. Despite widespread evidence that broadcasts increase ticket sales, many
producers remain concerned about discouraging potential ticket buyers. And it
is not clear whether any individual
broadcast can be profitable. (The Met
Opera, the National Theater and the
Roundabout are all nonprofits.)
“The most difficult part of this is the
cost — everyone has to get compensation — and the challenge is determining
the value of the live stream,” said Ken
Davenport, a producer who last year
streamed a performance of an Off
Broadway musical, “Daddy Long Legs.”
He said the broadcast was watched by
about 150,000 people, and built buzz for
the show, but was not profitable.
Mr. Davenport said that as technology
has improved, the value of broadcasting
theater has increased. “It will never replace live performance,” he said. “The
theater has survived the radio, the television, the internet and every other form
of entertainment out there. But for people that can’t experience it live, it’s a
great first taste.”
Nonprofit institutions with subscribers have an incentive to support the
broadcasts both as part of their mission
— to reach wider audiences — and because they are building long-lasting
brands. For commercial producers, the
calculus is different.
“It’s definitely much harder there, because there is an expectation that it has
to be a success immediately,” said Emma
Keith, the head of NT Live in London.
“Here, everybody was happy to say,
‘Let’s take a risk, and it might take time
to generate profits,’ whereas on Broadway it has to make money from Day 1.”
Nonetheless, interest appears to be
growing. “We see it as a great opportunity to have an additional revenue stream
to the actors, and it also helps to raise the
profile of American theater,” said
Lawrence Lorczak, a senior business
representative at Actors’ Equity.
The actors in “She Loves Me,” who include Laura Benanti, Gavin Creel, Jane
Krakowski and Zachary Levi, will be
paid extra, under contracts by both Equity and SAG-Aftra, for the broadcast of
their work. BroadwayHD also had to
Andrew R. Chow contributed reporting.
reach agreements to compensate the authors of the musical (or their heirs, since
some of them are no longer alive).
Ms. Benanti said she welcomed the
decision to broadcast the production.
“The theater is such a vitally important
part of our culture,” she said in an email.
“The more people able to experience it,
the better off we will all be.”
“She Loves Me,” which was first presented on Broadway in 1963, is a muchloved musical with music by Jerry Bock
and lyrics by Sheldon Harnick, who are
best known for “Fiddler on the Roof.”
Adapted from a Hungarian play that
also inspired the film “You’ve Got Mail,”
“She Loves Me” is about lovelorn parfumerie workers in Budapest who feud
and flirt (and sing and dance).
The “She Loves Me” broadcast is being financed by BroadwayHD. Roundabout said it is spending nothing on the
venture — in fact, it will receive a small
A bigger audience for a
cherished musical.
amount of compensation.
The founders of BroadwayHD, Stewart F. Lane and Bonnie Comley, said that
the broadcast would be costly but that
they were optimistic it would be profitable. The stream will cost $9.99 to
watch on the website, or is free to BroadwayHD subscribers. At some point, it
will be available through BroadwayHD’s
on-demand library.
Mr. Lane and Ms. Comley said they
chose “She Loves Me” because of the
quality of the production, because its
cast members are well known, and because they had been looking to work
with Roundabout, hoping to forge a continuing relationship with a producing
entity that presents multiple theatrical
works.
Making the broadcast will require
nine or 10 cameras in the theater for
three performances (two are to test
camera angles, lighting, and sound).
Some seats will be left vacant for the
cameras (“killed,” in industry parlance),
and audience members who are unhappy with the camera presence will be allowed to exchange their tickets, although many people welcome the opportunity to be at a performance that is
broadcast.
C6
N
Facing Followers
Means Facing Fear
a T.I. concert at the Manhattan
club Irving Plaza. And in November, 90 people died when terrorists
attacked a rock show at the Bataclan in Paris.
But while the concert industry
has responded by heightening its
security protocols, artists say
they remain concerned about navigating the need for fan engagement and their own safety anxieties, especially in an age in which
their every move is chronicled on
Instagram, Twitter and Snapchat.
“Everyone who follows me on
social media knows when I’m
traveling,” Ms. Alvord said. “They
know what I’m doing, where I’m
performing.”
Music history is dotted with
stories of stalkers and dangerous
fanatics, like those that killed John
Lennon, the singer Selena and the
Pantera guitarist Darrell Abbott.
But as record sales have fallen, increasing musicians’ economic reliance on live shows, extra face
time with fans at meet-and-greets,
merchandise tables and autograph signings have become more
routine.
“It’s part of the job description,
really,” said the country singer
Chely Wright, who wrote on Facebook after Ms. Grimmie’s murder
that she couldn’t count “how
many times I’ve been at the merch
table signing and had a real, reasonable fear that I was in danger.”
The pop duo Tegan and Sara added on Twitter: “We too feel like
this. It’s made connecting with
fans such a complicated experience in recent years.”
In an interview, Ms. Wright,
who began her career in the ’90s,
said she had seen a rise in the feeling of entitlement from audiences.
“Back in the day, it used to be, ‘I
can’t believe you’re still here signing autographs,’ ” she said. “Now
it’s become required. They expect
it.”
The singer — who recalled a fan
breaking into her home while she
was in the shower, with hopes of
reading her a poem — said her
team has worked with law enforcement and keeps a file of potentially dangerous individuals.
She also has a secret signal with
her tour manager to indicate that
she feels unsafe during fan interactions.
In light of recent events, “I’m
really nervous about the shows
that I have coming up that are
L.G.B.T. specific,” said Ms.
Wright, who came out as a lesbian
in 2010.
“Ninety-nine-point-nine
percent of the time, it’s a really lovely
experience,” she said of meeting
fans. But, she added, “It’s incredible the vulnerability that that exposes an artist to.”
While canvassing with audiences is especially crucial for
smaller acts, even megastars
have made themselves more
available in recent years, though
with more fame comes tighter security.
Still, after Justin Bieber canceled the V.I.P. meet-and-greets
on his “Purpose” tour earlier this
year, Bkstg, the company behind
the V.I.P. packages (priced between $900 and $2,000), cited “a
security incident that caused our
team to have to meet and rethink
how meet-and-greets were handled.”
On Instagram, Mr. Bieber add-
BRIAN KILLIAN/GETTY IMAGES
Gatherers mourning Christina Grimmie. Fan interactions, long a fact of life for performers, are becoming more fraught.
ed of stressful fan interactions, “I
always leave feeling mentally and
emotionally exhausted to the
point of depression.”
Bethany Cosentino of the band
Best Coast said in an interview
that a majority of her negative interactions occur online, but “because a lot of females are attacked
based on appearance, it feels a lot
more personal.”
While she is a proponent of
blocking and reporting anonymous trolls on social media, Ms.
Cosentino said, “They could be a
very real person with a very real
problem.” And what feels like “a
very severe lack of boundaries”
online, she added, can extend into
the physical world, as with the
overeager fans who have tried to
board her tour bus.
“It can be really scary,” she said.
Ms. Alvord started her YouTube
channel at the age of 15. She knew
Ms. Grimmie from what was a
fledgling YouTube scene at the
time, and they first collaborated in
2010. So Ms. Grimmie’s death has
left her especially rattled.
“The first thing my parents said
is, one: ‘You’re staying home,’”
she said. “And two: ‘Is following
your dreams worth it if it means
risking your life?’ ” She added of
Ms. Grimmie: “We share a lot of
the same fans. Any one of us
could’ve been in this situation.”
Ms. Alvord always tries to travel with a family member who is
looking out for her. She said that
now, along with a heightened
sense of personal awareness and
increased communication with
venue security, she may need to
institute additional rules and restrictions for when she meets her
followers.
“For all the thousands and thousands of fans that say I inspire
them and help them, there is probably just a handful that have a
twisted perspective,” she said.
“But it only takes one of them to be
a threat. It only takes one to pull
the trigger.”
Supreme Court Justice With Moral Vision and a True Believer’s Zeal
“American prophet” “seems
more important today than ever.”
Brandeis was born in Louisville, Ky., in 1856, to immigrant
Jewish parents. Like many
Southerners — including Thomas Jefferson, whom he revered —
Brandeis developed a strong
sympathy for farmers and state
governments, and a mistrust of
big government and big business.
It was not long after Brandeis
graduated from Harvard Law
School, at the top of his class, and
began practicing law in Boston
that he developed the first of his
intellectual passions. He and his
law partner wrote a groundbreaking Harvard Law Review
article, “The Right to Privacy,”
which warned that cutting-edge
technologies like “instantaneous
photographs” were infringing on
what he proposed as a new legal
right: “the right to be let alone.”
At first, Brandeis represented
corporations, but he soon found
another of his causes: the plight
of workers. He won a major
victory in 1908, in Muller v. Ore-
gon, when he persuaded a probusiness Supreme Court to uphold a maximum-hours law for
women. Brandeis, who had a
reverence for facts and a deep
interest in the real-world impact
of law, transformed legal advocacy by filing what would later be
known as a “Brandeis brief”: one
with more facts and sociology
than legal precedents.
Brandeis’s concerns about big
corporations went beyond their
labor practices: He saw them as
antithetical to America’s
democratic ideals. In his view, it
was the size of these corpora-
The Ultimate Gift
for the Thinking Fan
Crossword
ACROSS
47
6 *Cubit
48
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1/
Black winds
More than giggle
Abs and such
*Bite down, in a
way
Places for naps?
Total revolution
About
Much
Southwestern
home
Cool air?
Tarantula-eating
animal
God, in the Torah
Nerve center
Dark films,
informally
Service jobs
Alma-___,
Kazakhstan
Word of logic
Gin cocktail
Some atom
smashers, briefly
Purple shade
Target of a strip
search?
2016 Key and
Peele action
comedy
Edited by Will Shortz
50
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Fasten on
Goose: Fr.
Jargons
“Crashing the
Party” author,
2002
Eat in excess
“Well!”
Put-down in an
argument
Flirt
One working at
home, for short
Actor whose
last name is a
41-Down of his
first name, after
a D is changed
to an N
*Polite star?
20 quires
Designer for the
Ziegfeld Follies
Milton of comedy
Show
imperfection
*Sitting figures,
maybe
*Give a permit
to, say
DOWN
1 Ending
for
martyr
2 Ancient Greek
coin
ANSWER TO PREVIOUS PUZZLE
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R B I
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K Y L
—Men’s Health
PUZZLE BY TIMOTHY POLIN
46
1 *Pitiers
10
“Fascinating.”
tions that was the problem —
and this became another cause, a
career-long battle against what
he called the “curse of bigness.”
Brandeis’s prescription was
aggressive trustbusting, and his
public advocacy and work for
President Wilson helped clear
the way for the landmark Clayton Antitrust Act.
There was one more cause
Brandeis was passionate about:
Zionism. When he represented
striking New York garment
workers, he got to know immigrant Jews who had fled the
pogroms of Eastern Europe.
Hearing their stories firsthand,
Brandeis came to believe that
the Jews needed a homeland
where they could control their
own destiny — and he soon became the leader of the American
F R I L
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Adam Cohen, a former member of
The New York Times editorial
board, is the author, most recently, of “Imbeciles: The Supreme Court, American Eugenics,
and the Sterilization of Carrie
Buck.”
6/16/16
3 *Lolita’s
workplace, in
song
4 *Stick it to
5 What’s funded by
FICA, for short
6 Empath on the
U.S.S. Enterprise
7 What comes
before honor?
8 Southwestern
spreads
9 Make a father of
10 Work measure
11 Rival of ancient
Sparta
12 *Avian digits
15 *Britain’s
location
17 Record label for
Miley Cyrus and
Kelly Clarkson
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25
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39
41
*Source of
gravity
*Exit payments
Snooker
accessory
Convex navel
Notorious
bailed-out
insurance co.
“Move on!” … or
how to decipher
the 16 starred
clues
Words of logic
*Bar order
requiring celerity
Goosebumpsinducing
Part of a long
drive?
Instinctual
*Suite for use?
43
The French?
46
Needle holder
49
Prepared
51
*Mojito, for one
52
*What visitors
minimize
53
Gulf vessel
54
Weather
forecasting aid
55
Apology opener
58
Indicate that one
needs a hand?
59
Old 9-mm.
61
Influence
64
Stephen
Colbert’s network
65
“Didn’t I tell
you?!”
Online subscriptions: Today’s puzzle and more than 9,000 past puzzles,
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Zionist movement.
Mr. Rosen is particularly original on this subject, showing how
Brandeis rooted his Zionist thinking in American values of democracy and pluralism — and emphasizing Brandeis’s insistence
that any Jewish state had to
proceed in a spirit of equality,
with full political rights and
economic inclusion for its Arab
citizens.
Wilson appointed Brandeis to
the Supreme Court in 1916, and
he was confirmed over the opposition of corporate interests and
anti-Semites. On the court, he
had many opportunities to give
voice to his deeply held beliefs,
sometimes in dissent.
In Whitney v. California, a case
about free-speech rights for
radicals, Brandeis wrote a concurrence that is often called the
most eloquent opinion ever written on the value of freedom of
expression. His dissent in Olmstead v. United States, an early
wiretapping case, was perhaps
his most visionary, warning that
“discovery and invention have
made it possible for the government, by means far more effective than stretching upon the
rack, to obtain disclosure in court
of what is whispered in the closet.”
Because of his deep distrust of
big government, Brandeis was
not always a reliable progressive
vote on the court, and not all of
his decisions have stood the test
of time. He joined the majority in
striking down a federal law
aimed at ending child labor, and
later voted to declare three New
Deal laws unconstitutional in a
single day, delivering a major
blow to Roosevelt’s plans for
combating the Great Depression.
In his deference to state legislatures, Brandeis voted to uphold
some highly illiberal state laws,
including — though his reasons
for doing so are unclear —
Virginia’s 1924 law authorizing
KenKen
NATIONAL CONSTITUTION CENTER
Jeffrey Rosen
eugenic sterilizations.
But despite Brandeis’s occasional misfires, his philosophies,
as Mr. Rosen convincingly argues, speak powerfully to our
times — in his views on the
threat that technology poses to
privacy, on the importance of
pluralism and equality in the
Middle East and, perhaps most
of all, on economic matters.
Today’s polemics about what
unfettered capitalism is doing to
ordinary Americans — from
Bernie Sanders on the left and
Donald J. Trump on the right —
is terrain Brandeis covered,
more deeply, with more cogent
suggestions for reform. And his
warnings about the “curse of
bigness” speak powerfully to an
age in which the internet appears structurally inclined to
create category-killing behemoths: Google for search, Amazon for retailing and Facebook, it
seems, for just about everything
else.
Most of all, what the Gospel of
Brandeis offers is a conviction
that fact-based analysis and
enlightened policy-making can
help to set the world right. Brandeis never abandoned his pure
faith that, with hard work and
due deliberation, all things are
possible. After all, he observed at
an arbitration proceeding, “most
of the things worth doing in the
world had been declared impossible before they were done.”
Answers to
Previous Puzzles
Fill the grid with digits so as not to repeat a digit in any row or column, and so that the digits within each
heavily outlined box will produce the target number shown, by using addition, subtraction, multiplication
or division, as indicated in the box. A 4x4 grid will use the digits 1-4. A 6x6 grid will use 1-6.
For solving tips and more KenKen puzzles: www.nytimes.com/kenken. For feedback: nytimes@kenken.com
KenKen® is a registered trademark of Nextoy, LLC. Copyright © 2016 www.KENKEN.com. All rights reserved.
N
C7
Like ‘Friends’ Doing
‘Game of Thrones’
By ELISE CZAJKOWSKI
On a recent Friday, members of
the improv show “The Cast” were
swept from a rehearsal space in
Midtown Manhattan to the medieval fantasy world of HBO’s
“Game of Thrones.” After being
assigned a name befitting a
George R. R. Martin character,
the performers improvised monologues. “I am Chessalind Algolith,
and I own this brothel,” began one.
This role-playing game was
more than a rehearsal exercise;
the next night the troupe would
stage an entirely improvised
episode of “Game of Thrones.”
The show’s overall conceit was
that its fictional theater group had
somehow acquired the script to an
episode of “Game of Thrones” and
decided to perform it live.
Most long-form improv uses audience suggestions to assemble a
series of loosely connected
scenes, like a sketch show. In “The
Cast,” which runs Saturday nights
at the Magnet Theater in Chelsea,
the goal is to present a 50-minute
performance every week, each in
a different discipline. The parameters are fairly loose, allowing for
shows in the style of professional
wrestling, motivational seminars
and Cirque du Soleil, as well as
films and television series.
Whatever the week’s selected
discipline, certain elements are
constant: The all-female cast
members wear black and sport
bright red lipstick; they arrive onstage to the Barbra Streisand
song “Don’t Rain on My Parade”;
and their show has two narratives, the onstage portion (say, a
completely original episode of
“Game of Thrones”) and a peek
backstage.
The troupe also produces more
cohesive narratives than what is
seen in most improv, partly because of one theatrical touch: Actors leave the stage when not in a
scene.
(It’s
standard
for
improvisers who are not in a scene
to perch along the back wall or a
side wall — a practice known as
“sidelines” — where they can
watch the proceedings and jump
in at any time.) Offstage, they consider the show’s progress, ensuring that certain genre tropes are
being fulfilled or coordinating the
resolution of plot threads.
“The Cast,” which recently celebrated its one-year anniversary,
began life as part of the Magnet’s
Directors Series, a program that
gives a four-performance run to
“something we’re not doing right
now at the theater,” said Megan
Gray, the theater’s artistic director and a member of “The Cast.”
The show’s director, Hannah
Chase, who studied theater in
college and sometimes performs
with the group, developed the idea
as a way of bringing multiple
styles of improv to one show: both
a “more heightened dramatic,
emotional narrative style in the
play portion,” she said, “and then a
slightly more grounded, patient,
realistic style in the backstage”
scenes. Ms. Chase also handpicked her cast, selecting Magnet
Theater performers with various
years of experience. The current
lineup consists of Ms. Gray, Geri
Cole, Ali Fisher, Alexis Lambright,
Devin O’Neill, Elena Skopetos and
Elizabeth Slack; for the “Game of
Thrones” performance, they were
joined for the first time by Carly
Monardo.
It’s the rare New York City show
that has an all-female cast, incor-
PHOTOGRAPHS BY EMON HASSAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
porates different genres and forgoes sidelines. While selected disciplines and genres bring in new
fans, the show has also slowly
built a regular audience.
Nick Kanellis, a fellow improviser at Magnet, likens the appeal
of “The Cast” to that of an anthology television series. “You get the
sense of consistency because you
know the performers,” he said.
“It’d be like, I love the cast of
‘Friends’, and this week, the cast
of ‘Friends’ is doing ‘Game of
Thrones.’”
When new performers, in improv terminology, “play” with the
actors, they all discuss everyone’s
comfort level for interactions like
touching — conversations, the
“Cast” members say, that rarely
happen on other teams. The
highly sexualized nature of
“Game of Thrones,” for instance,
found them discussing the best
way to portray sex scenes and basic etiquette for onstage kissing.
Each performance requires
preparation, and the team credits
Ms. Chase, whose hours of research each week are essential.
The goal is to ensure that die-hard
fans of a particular genre leave
satisfied; the “Game of Thrones”
show was filled with references to
dragons and otherworldly crea-
SUBSCRIBE
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TIMES
ON THIS.
Clockwise from top left: Hannah Chase directing the Magnet Theater troupe in “The
Cast,” an improv show that includes Elizabeth Slack, onstage above, on the floor, with
Megan Gray, seated. Devin
O’Neill, far left, and Geri Cole
also appear in the show.
tures like White Walkers for the
many enthusiasts in the audience,
as well as plenty of meta-commentary on the show’s brutality.
In one scene, Ms. Gray portrayed
Cersei Lannister, and Ms. O’Neill
was her brother and lover, Jaime
Lannister. “I want you to kill the
people that killed our daughter,”
Cersei said to Jaime. “And also, I
have a list of others.”
At rehearsal for the following
week’s show (devoted to Jane
Austen), the actors reflected on
other differences that set this endeavor apart. Being on an all-fe-
male improv team, they said, was
a special and positive experience,
but one that felt incidental to the
show itself.
Mostly, they spoke of how their
camaraderie fosters an environment that helps them to thrive.
“I’ve been on other teams, and it
felt like people were being competitive,” Ms. Lambright said. “It
wasn’t a team, it was like, this is
my moment to show whoever’s in
the audience that I want to be on
‘S.N.L.’”
While they once feared they
would run out of genres to per-
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form, new ideas keep coming —
future shows will derive inspiration from Anton Chekhov, ’90s sitcoms and the interactive theater
piece“Sleep No More” — and their
ambitions keep growing: The
group would like to try outdoor
theater (à la Shakespeare in the
Park) or a visual album (like Beyoncé’s “Lemonade”).
The fun, the cast members said,
is the challenge of taking on such a
wide variety of styles with so little
time to prepare. “Because we’re
doing a different genre every
week, at least one person is terrified every week, and it’s a different person all the time,” Ms. Chase
said. “That there’s a level of risk
and level of bravery required to do
this show makes it feel like the platonic ideal of improv in my mind.
Everybody is really doing something that feels sort of scary.”
C8
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Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ridiculousness Ladylike (N) (14) Ridiculousness Ridiculousness
NBCS
Nascar Racing
Nitro Circus: Road to
Nitro Circus Crazy Train
NGEO
America’s Wild Spaces (G)
America’s National Parks (PG)
Life Below Zero “Loaded.” (N) (14) Life Below Zero (N)
NICK
Thundermans
Open Season 3 (2010). Steve Schirripa. (PG)
NICKJR
Bubble Guppies Bubble Guppies Shimmer, Shine Wallykazam! (Y) Peppa Pig (Y)
NY1
Inside City Hall
OVA
Day in the Life
OWN
20/20 on OWN “Love, Interrupted.” 20/20 on ID (14)
OXY
Legally Blonde 2
Thundermans
New York Tonight
Day in the Life
Crazy Train
Life Below Zero “Loaded.” (14)
Life Below Zero
Friends (PG)
Full House (G)
Full House (G)
Full House (G)
Friends (PG)
Peppa Pig (Y)
Go, Diego, Go!
Dora, Friends
Wallykazam! (Y) Team Umizoomi Blaze, Monster
The Call
News
Inside City Hall
Friends (14)
Sports on 1 The Last Word. (11:35)
. The American President (1995). Widowed President finds love with lobbyist. Capital fun. . A Few Good Men (1992). Tom Cruise, Jack Nicholson. (R)
20/20 on OWN “Stolen At Birth.”
. Legally Blonde (2001). Reese Witherspoon, Luke Wilson. (PG-13)
20/20 on OWN “The Sniper’s Wife.” 20/20 on ID (14)
20/20 on OWN
. Legally Blonde (2001). Reese Witherspoon, Luke Wilson. (PG-13) (10:10)
SCIENCE NA.S.A.’s Unexplained Files (PG) NA.S.A.’s Unexplained Files (PG) NA.S.A.’s Unexplained Files (PG) NA.S.A.’s Unexplained Files (PG) NA.S.A.’s Unexplained Files (PG) Unexplained
SMITH
UFOs Declassified (PG)
SNY
M.L.B. Pittsburgh Pirates vs. New York Mets.
SPIKE
Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle O Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle Lip Sync Battle
STZENF
. Fly Away Home (1996). (PG) (6:23) Last Action Hero (1993). Arnold Schwarzenegger. (PG-13) (8:10)
Air Warriors “F-16.” (PG)
Aerial America “The South.” (G)
The Russian Revolution in Color Air Warriors “F-16.” (PG)
Aerial America
Mets Postgame SportsNite
SportsNite
SportsNite
SportsNite
TRAV
Serendipity (2001). John Cusack. (PG-13) (10:22)
Buffy-Slayer
Law & Order “Cruel and Unusual.” Law & Order “Bad Faith.” Logan
Law & Order “Purple Heart.” Mur- Law & Order “Switch.” Slain psyLaw & Order “Bitter Fruit.” Victim’s Law & Order
Autistic dies after therapy. (PG)
deals with repressed memories. (14) ders seem unrelated. (PG)
chiatrist is found. (14)
mother kills suspect. (14)
“Rebels.” (PG)
The Lone Ranger (2013). Johnny Depp, Armie Hammer. Masked lawman Deep Impact (1998). Morgan Freeman, Téa Leoni. Comet heading for earth. Doom and
Swamp Volcano (2012, TVF). Raand laconic Indian fight bad guys. Makes no sense, kemo sabe. (PG-13) (6) sensitivity. (PG-13)
chel Hunter, Brad Dourif.
Seinfeld “The
Seinfeld “The
2 Broke Girls
2 Broke Girls
The Big Bang
The Big Bang
2 Broke Girls
2 Broke Girls
Conan Roseanne Barr; Freddie
2 Broke Girls
Doorman.” (PG) Jimmy.” (PG)
(14)
(14)
Theory (PG)
Theory (14)
(14)
(14)
Prinze Jr. (N) (14)
(14)
.
.
Mexican Spitfire’s Blessed Event
Gypsy (1962). Natalie Wood, Rosalind Russell. Making of a stripper. Grand score, but
Funny Girl (1968). Barbra Streisand, Omar Sharif. Early loves and
(1943). Confusion in Arizona. (6:45) dubbed Russell can’t touch Broadway’s Merman.
career of Fanny Brice. Streisand’s Oscar. Funny and fine. (G)
My 600-Lb. Life (PG)
My 600-Lb. Life “Dottie’s Story.”
Extreme Weight Loss “Krista.”
Fat Chance “Derik.” (N) (PG)
My Big Fat Fabulous Life
Fat Chance (PG)
Castle “A Rose for Everafter.” Cas- The Lincoln Lawyer (2011). Matthew McConaughey, Marisa Tomei. Cor- Ocean’s Twelve (2004). George Clooney, Brad Pitt. Danny Ocean and his team plan elaborate
tle runs into an old flame. (PG)
rupt lawyer defends Beverly Hills playboy. Solid and satisfying. (R)
heist in Europe. Unabashedly self-satisfied, but when it works, it’s a blast. (PG-13) (10:15)
Mysteries at the Museum (PG)
Mysteries at
TRU
Imp. Jokers
SUN
SYFY
TBS
TCM
TLC
TNT
TVLAND Andy Griffith
Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
WGN-A
Andy Griffith
NCIS “Blast From the Past.” A murder victim living under an alias. (14)
Black Ink Crew (14)
Braxton Family Values “S. Gets
Real.” (PG)
Elementary “The Diabolical Kind.”
YES
Moments of Glory Yanks Pregame M.L.B. New York Yankees vs. Minnesota Twins.
USA
VH1
WE
George Lopez (PG) (8:12)
W.W.E. SmackDown!
HUANG’S WORLD 10 p.m. on Viceland. Eddie
Huang travels to China with his parents to
explore his heritage and discovers red cooked
pork, which he calls the most important dish of
his life.
WHAT’S STREAMING
COMEDIANS IN CARS GETTING COFFEE on
Crackle. Jerry Seinfeld cruises around in fancy
cars with his funny friends for an eighth season,
starting with Jim Gaffigan in a 1977 Volkswagen
Westfalia Camper Van. Mr. Gaffigan also
appears on “The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy
Fallon,” at 11:35 p.m. on NBC.
Food Porn (PG) Food Porn (PG) Nightmares
Last Man Standing The Middle (PG) The Middle (PG) The Middle (PG) Golden Girls
Will & Grace
Will & Grace
Will & Grace
Will & Grace “Husbands and Tro(PG) (8:08)
(Part 1 of 2) (8:40) (Part 2 of 2) (9:12) phy Wives.” (PG) (9:44)
M.L.B. Regional Coverage.
MSNBC Hardball With Chris Matthews (N) All In With Chris Hayes (N)
HOME FREE 9 p.m. on Fox. Tim Tebow, the
former N.F.L. quarterback, joins the contractor
Mike Holmes to host Season 2 of this renovation
series in which 11 contestants compete for a
dream home — this time for their heroes. (One
hero donated a kidney for a contestant’s father;
another saved a contestant in battle.) Each
week, the competitors renovate a different
dwelling while living in it together, and each
week one is eliminated. But don’t feel too sorry
for them; there’s a secret catch.
Fox Sports Live
Flip or Flop (G) Flip or Flop (G) Flip or Flop (N) Flip or Flop (G) House Hunters Hunters Int’l
Vintage Flip (N) Vintage Flip (N) Flip or Flop (G)
Alone: A Deeper Cut “Trial by Fire.” Alone “The Ascent.” One participant Mountain Men “Nothing Ventured, Mountain Men “No Man Is an
Alone: A Deeper
(N) (14)
goes on an epic journey. (N) (14)
Nothing Gained.” (N) (PG) (10:03) Island.” (PG) (11:03)
Cut (14) (12:03)
Nancy Grace (N)
Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files Forensic Files
48 Hours on ID “Death After Mid- 48 Hours on ID “Playing by the
Las Vegas Law “Cold Justice.”
48 Hours on ID “Death After Mid- 48 Hours on ID
night.” (14)
Rules?” (N) (14)
(Season Finale) (N) (14)
night.” (14)
(14)
. Batman Begins (2005). Christian Bale, Michael Caine. The boy who saw his parents murdered grows into . Batman Begins (2005). Christian Bale, Michael
Gotham City’s masked avenger. Smashingly original. (PG-13)
Caine. (PG-13)
Deadly Wives “Vanishing Acts.” Bill Deadly Wives “Marlboro Man Mur- Deadly Wives “Pretty Young Deadly Deadly Wives “The Liars Club.”
Deadly Wives
McGuire disappears. (14)
der.” (14)
Things.” (PG) (10:02)
(14) (11:02)
(14) (12:02)
The Wrong Roommate (2016, TVF). Eric Roberts, Vivica A. Fox.
The Wrong Woman (2013, TVF). Danica McKellar, Jonathan Bennett.
The Wrong
Professor meets sister’s dangerous tenant.
Wife is accused of trying to murder husband’s mistress.
Roommate
8:00
AQUARIUS 9 p.m. on NBC. Season 2 begins as
Detective Sam Hodiak (David Duchovny) is
lured into a new case when mysterious
packages start arriving for him containing
photos of missing girls. Meanwhile, in this
two-hour, commercial-free episode, Charles
Manson (Gethin Anthony) and his growing
family move into their benefactor’s home as
they try to break into the music business.
(Image: Mr. Duchovny)
Live From the U.S. Open
Will & Grace
Will & Grace
(PG) (7:04)
(PG) (7:36)
M.L.B. Tonight (6)
LOGO
Postgame
RON BATZDORFF/NBC
12:00
The First 48 “Night Run.” A young Streets of Compton “Hours 1 & 2.” A history of the Los Angeles suburb. Streets of Compton “Hour 3.” (N) The First 48 “M.I.A.” A welder goes Streets of
Atlanta father is fatally shot.
(Part 1 of 2) (14)
(Part 2 of 2) (14)
missing. (14) (11:03)
Compton (12:03)
Nazis: Evolution of Evil (14)
Hitler: 7 Days-Monster
Mussolini: The Father of Fascism Stalin: Russia’s Steel Tyrant (N) Hitler: 7 Days-Monster
Mussolini
Jaws 2 (1978). Roy Scheider, Murray Hamilton. For those who didn’t gasp the first time.
Jaws 3 (1983). Dennis Quaid, Bess Armstrong. Engineer and marine biologist Jaws the Revenge (1987). Lorraine
Water fresher then, shark too. (PG)
face angry mother white shark at Florida sea park. Snack, not a feast. (PG)
Gary, Lance Guest. (PG-13) (11:45)
Last Alaskans: Remote
Last Alaskans: Remote
North Woods Law (N) (14) (9:01) Lone Star Law (N) (14) (10:02)
North Woods Law (14) (11:03)
Lone Star Law
Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
Comedy Knock Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
Imp. Jokers
George Lopez
Love-Raymond Love-Raymond Love-Raymond King of Queens King of Queens King of Queens
G.I. Joe: Retaliation (2013). Dwayne Johnson, Bruce Willis. Threats from within the government jeopardize the G.I. Joes. (PG-13)
Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta (14)
Purple Rain (1984). Prince, Apollonia Kotero. (R)
Graffiti Bridge (1990). Prince. (PG-13)
Braxton Family Values “Not FaBraxton Family Values “Oh You
Match Made in Heaven “Liar, Liar, Braxton Family Values “Oh You
Match Made in
mous Enough.” (PG)
Tried It!” (N) (PG)
Caught on Camera.” (N) (PG)
Tried It!” (PG)
Heaven (PG)
Elementary “All in the Family.” (14) Elementary “Dead Clade Walking.” Elementary “Corpse de Ballet.” (14) How I Met
How I Met
How I Met
New York Yankees Postgame
M.L.B.
JOHN P. JOHNSON/HBO
CURB YOUR ENTHUSIASM on Amazon, iTunes
and HBO Now. HBO just announced the return
of Larry David’s hit comedy, last seen in 2011.
Which means that if you start watching the 80
episodes from the previous eight seasons now,
you’ll probably be caught up by the time Season
9 lands. (HBO hasn’t said when that will be.) In
a statement, Mr. David said, “In the immortal
words of Julius Caesar: ‘I left. I did nothing. I
returned.’” J. B. Smoove, who played Leon last
time around, is rumored to be coming back as
well. (Image: Cheryl Hines and Mr. David)
AMADEUS (1984) on Amazon, iTunes and
Netflix. Broadway will dim its lights on
Thursday night at 6:45 in honor of the
playwright Peter Shaffer, who died June 6. Do
your part by watching this Milos Forman
adaptation of Mr. Shaffer’s Tony Award-winning
play about the Hapsburg court composer
Antonio Salieri (an Oscar-winning F. Murray
Abraham) who confesses to a deadly rivalry
with Mozart (Tom Hulce) and even tries to
snatch “a bit of divinity” from his dying nemesis
and pass off the music as his own. Mr. Forman,
who also won an Oscar, “has preserved the
fascinating heart of Mr. Shaffer’s play and made
it available to millions who might never enter a
legitimate theater,” Vincent Canby wrote in The
New York Times. “Well done.”
KATHRYN SHATTUCK
ONLINE: TELEVISION LISTINGS
Television highlights for a full week, recent
reviews by The Times’s critics and complete
local television listings.
nytimes.com/tv
Definitions of symbols used in the program listings:
★ Recommended film
☆ Recommended series
New or noteworthy program
(N) New show or episode
(CC) Closed-captioned
(HD) High definition
Ratings:
(Y)All children
(Y7) Directed to older children
(G) General audience
(PG) Parental guidance suggested
(14) Parents strongly cautioned
(MA) Mature audience only
The TV ratings are assigned by the producers or network.
Ratings for theatrical films are provided by the Motion Picture
Association of America.
5 SKIN DEEP
4 SCENE CITY
Lisa Bonet, early fan of
coconut oil. BY BEE SHAPIRO
Mixed emotions at the Tony
Awards. BY JACOB BERNSTEIN
9 NOTED
2 THEY’RE WITH HER
Charlie Sheen pitches safe
sex. BY SARAH MASLIN NIR
Clinton fans feel free to go
public. BY JESSICA BENNET T
FASHION
BEAUTY
NIGHTLIFE
D1
N
CHAD BATKA FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
She’s Still Got That Strut
In a new memoir, Pat
Cleveland, one of the
first black supermodels,
looks back on a life
brimming with glamour
and challenges.
By GUY TREBAY
WILLINGBORO, N.J. — The peacocks were
rooting around in the bushes, strutting and
pecking and ruffling their trains. Occasionally, one — Boy or Big Boy, say, or Snow
White — struck a pose, tipping up its beak to
emit a banshee shriek.
“They’re just a bunch of drama queens,
Honey,” said Pat Cleveland, as she sat in the
backyard of her house in a rural part of New
Jersey, sipping on a sinister-looking juice
Pat Cleveland and one of her
peacocks at her home in New
Jersey. “You could imagine
anything you designed on her,
like a sketch come to life,” the
designer Stephen Burrows
said.
drink the color and texture of algae. Drama
queens, as it happens, is a topic on which
Ms. Cleveland has some stories to tell.
This she does in “Walking With the
Muses,” a picaresque new memoir about a
tall, skinny mixed-race girl (“not black
enough to be black or white enough to be
white”) hailing from a section of East
Harlem that she terms the Golden Edge.
In her 1950s childhood, Ms. Cleveland
writes, that neighborhood was still representative of a city that is now largely by-
gone, a place where “the Jews, the blacks,
the Irish and the Puerto Ricans all had a
corner of their own.”
Ms. Cleveland took her leave from childhood’s haunts fairly early and through the
kind of cinematic turn of fate that seems to
have characterized much of her life. A
Vogue editor discovered her, then 14 years
old, on a subway platform, chased her down
and set her on the road to becoming a fashion model.
CONTINUED ON PAGE D8
UNBUTTONED
VANESSA FRIEDMAN
Their Case
For Staying
Runways
For the Guys
Designers worry about the
future of the fashion industry
if Britain leaves the E.U.
The 10 biggest moments
from the London shows.
By Elizabeth Paton, Page 6
LAST SATURDAY, in the middle of the London
men’s wear collections, a happening of sorts
occurred on the Strand. At the emerging designer Daniel W. Fletcher’s off-schedule
show/demonstration just outside the official venue, a group of models in warm-up
suits and other kinds of eye-catching
streetwear emblazoned with the word
“Stay” staged a quasi sit-in while carting
European Union flags and banners.
Message: Brexit — shorthand for
Britain’s possible departure from the European Union, which will be decided in a referendum on June 23 — would not be in fashion’s best interests.
Mr. Fletcher was not the only designer to
wear his politics on his sleeve. After the Sibling show on Sunday, the founders Cozette
McCreery and Sid Bryan took their bow
wearing T-shirts printed with the word “In”
(as in: stay in). Ditto Patrick Grant of E.
Tautz. It was about time.
A few weeks ago, Vivienne Westwood
posted on her Instagram account a photo of
herself wearing a T-shirt urging everyone
to register to vote (the deadline was
originally scheduled for June 7, and then exCONTINUED ON PAGE 9
TOM JAMIESON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
D2
N
MIKEY BURTON
Status Update: ‘I’m With Her’
By JESSICA BENNETT
SALE
MADISON AVENUE • ROCKEFELLER CENTER
MACY’S HERALD SQUARE • SOHO
LONGCHAMP.COM
1866-LONGCHAMP
We suit you.
They have names like “Wise Women for
Clinton,” “Cool People for Hillary,” “Bros 4
Hillary — #GiveEmHill” and one that
rhymes with witch.
Some are small, with just a couple of hundred members, while others number into
the thousands. All of them began as a “secret” — or, as secret as one can be with an
invite-only Facebook group.
The groups are “safe spaces,” members
say: a way to discuss policy and celebrate
good news without having to defend; a
place to bring up doubts about their candidate — What’s the deal with the emails?
What about her changing stance on gay
marriage? — and work through them together with a nuance not typically afforded
on the internet.
In some, members strategize about how
to respond to criticisms, keeping spreadsheets of articles that correspond with each.
Others function like support groups:
complete with finger snaps and Hillary cat
memes and engulfing, bosom-like support.
Should any members decide to “come
out” — that is, post publicly on their Facebook feed outside the group — they could do
so knowing that they had an army of
defenders, ready with “likes,” emoji and articles to back them up.
“It’s like a secret society,” said Ashley
Kreamer, 37, a film editor in Brooklyn, who
is a member of two such groups on Facebook. “A secret society of Hillary Clinton
supporters.”
For most of 2016, to be a vocal supporter
of Mrs. Clinton — in certain circles of Bernie
Sanders-supporting progressives, anyway
— was to be the square in the Lacoste shirt
cast to the corner of the hipster prom.
“I was yelled at when I wore my Hillary
shirt to a grocery store in West Hollywood,
possibly the most ‘accepting’ neighborhood
in the whole world,” said Kate Hess, a 38year-old producer in Los Angeles.
Danielle Thomson, 34, a writer in New
York, said: “The first time I posted about
Hillary, I couldn’t even function for 24
hours. I kept refreshing my feed — sweating.”
And if you were young and for Hillary?
Forget about it.
“I’m treated like a traitor to my genera-
N E W YO R K S H OW R O O M
4 3 5 B R O O M E S T.
CALL FOR AN APPOINTMENT
212.925.2631
CORRECTION
The Scouting Report column last Thursday
misstated the address where the Metropolitan
Museum of Art is holding a book sale. It is 1000
Fifth Avenue, not 6 East 82nd Street.
tion,” said 22-year-old Patrick Ross, a playwright in Philadelphia.
And those were just the people you knew
in real life. Online, the vitriol was worse.
Moderating comments on a single Facebook post was like “a master class in nonviolent communication,” said Lori White, 33, a
writer at Upworthy and a founder of “Cool
People for Hillary.”
Strangers commented on your feed.
Trolls spammed your wall with threats,
called you “a warmonger, a corporate
whore,” and many terms reserved for female supporters that were far worse, said
Laura Bogart, a writer in Baltimore.
Older supporters were not immune either. Robert Stanton, a 53-year-old actor,
had a friendship severed after he “liked” a
photo of Mrs. Clinton and Courtney Love on
Facebook. His former friend told him “he
couldn’t be friends with someone for whom
he had no respect, which was quite a blow,”
Mr. Stanton said.
Martha Harrison, 24, a medical student at
New York University, said she was “pretty
sure” a guy she was dating “broke up with
me over my Clinton support.”
Hillary Clinton’s
supporters feel it’s now
safe to ‘be public.’
“I’m all for lively debate,” said 32-yearold Andrea Gabbidon-Levene, a program
manager at a community college, “but this
was something else.”
For many Clinton supporters, a result
was a kind of shrinking: answering when
asked, but never volunteering their support. Calling yourself “anti-Trump” instead
of pro-Hillary, as Brandt Hamilton, 23, did.
Buying Clinton swag but never wearing it.
Dutifully picking up an “I’m With Her”
bumper sticker at the local Democratic
headquarters but never actually sticking it
on your car.
“As opinionated as I am about movies, TV
shows and the yoga world, I learned to be
quiet during this primary season, ” said
María Cristina Jiménez, 43, a yoga instructor in Los Angeles. “I decided it wasn’t
worth it. So I hid, with millions of others, in
plain sight.”
Luckily for her, there was a Facebook
group willing to welcome her: “Bitches for
Hillary,” which has nearly 5,000 members,
its name a play on a Tina Fey quote,
“Bitches get stuff done,” which went viral
during the 2008 primary.
There, members like Ms. Jiménez could
geek out over Mrs. Clinton’s Wellesley
speech, discuss her record on gun control,
and ask how best to respond to attacks
about her war record. They shared memes,
photos and their favorite Hillary gear.
The group’s guidelines included “don’t be
a butthead” (“If you need to disagree, focus
on the substance of the argument, not the
person making it”) and a nod to the complexity of the word “bitch,” which they say
that — for purposes of the group — they
treat “as a badge of honor and pride.”
“We were tired of having to deal with
Bernie splainers and Hillary haters,” said
Natalie Miller, 38, a yoga instructor outside
of Washington who founded the group with
a friend, an English professor.
Ms. Thomson, the New York writer who
labored over her first public Facebook post,
said: “I’d liken it to how, centuries ago,
women made quilts to express their political beliefs in a way that wouldn’t ruffle
any feathers. My secret group was an email
chain — which is, you know, clearly the
‘quilt’ of our modern times.”
When Mrs. Clinton clinched the nomination last week, the journalist Ezra Klein suggested that she had relied on the “traditionally female” approach to politics: creating
coalitions, finding common ground, winning over allies behind the scenes.
It was perhaps not so dissimilar, said the
Democratic political consultant Will Robinson, to what many of these secret groups
were doing. From the outside, it may have
seemed that there was more enthusiasm for
Mr. Sanders than Mrs. Clinton — his
supporters saturating your Facebook feed
— but Mrs. Clinton’s supporters were there
as well, albeit not shouting.
“I think sometimes being silent and not
participating in the social media fights can
be a form of sincere self-care,” said Tanya
Tarr, 38, a health coach and former political
organizer. “I don’t want to waste my energy
fighting or getting upset — I would rather
quietly organize or go about my business
getting my candidate elected.”
Mrs. Clinton is not there yet, but as she
took the stage at the Brooklyn Navy Yard
last Tuesday, group members said they noticed an outpouring of public support that
wasn’t there just days before.
“I volunteer at local Democratic HQ, and
after the nomination, we had a bunch of
women walk in and say: ‘Is it safe now? I
want to volunteer,’” said Clio Tarazi, 61, a retired urban planner in California. “One
woman broke into tears. It was all the same
sort of feeling, I think, of wanting to be comforted, of wanting to know that it was ‘O.K.’
to be public now.”
Mr. Stanton, the actor, said: “After Hillary
clinched the nomination, I made my first
public post about her. It felt good.”
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N
D3
Browsing
E RI CA M. BLUME NTHAL
SUMMER CH I C
AT PRICE S YOU
WON’ T STI L L
PAY IN OCTOB ER .
WORK OUT
It’s Too Nice Out to Look for a Sale
Black Crane, a Los Angeles label designed by Momoko Suzuki, is fast becoming synonymous with
chic easy dressing. It also occupies a special space as that rare affordable find in high-end boutiques.
This was calculated by Ms. Suzuki and her partner and husband, Alexander Yamaguchi. “Normally I have
to wait for sale season, and then they don’t have my size,” she said. “We want the price to be reasonable so
you don’t have to wait for the sale.” Her gauzy jumpsuits and day dresses, some with raw edges, are
streamlined and breathable — just the perfect summer throw-on.
P L AY I T C O O L
ACCESSORIZE
Girl Power for Hawaiian Shirts
Heels That Click
Hawaiian shirts, which
achieved pop culture glory
in Elvis Presley movies, were a
trippy signature for Hunter S.
Thompson and are worn today by
the likes of Harry Styles and
Jared Leto, are now a summer
go-to for the girls, too. A borrowed-from-the-boys look
favorited by models in cutoffs at
music festivals, it is also the core
style of Double Rainbouu, a new
Australian label for those on
permanent vacation (in their
mind at least) started by onetime
art and creative directors at the
denim label Ksubi. Think of the
shirts as a latter-day spin on the
laid-back look of Leonardo DiCaprio and company in “Romeo &
Juliet.” Leo/Romeo was ahead of
the curve.
Sarah Flint, who has been
designing her refined
footwear for three years now, is
making a name for herself without bells and whistles. The
Emma, a softly pointed pump
with a two-inch block heel, is now
a signature. Amal Clooney wears
hers regularly (she owns several
pairs), with a riotously colored
Valentino dress, another time
with all-business black to meet
the German chancellor. Chic they
are, but women can actually live
in them. Barneys keeps the black
suede with tortoise heels in stock,
and for summer there are fastselling raffia and suede versions
with geometric print heels.
Double Rainbouu rayon Hawaiian
shirt, $175 at Opening Ceremony;
openingceremony.com.
Top and bottom: Sarah Flint linen
and raffia pumps in a basket
weave, $575 at Barneys New York,
barneys.com. Center: suede
pumps, $595 at sarahflint.com.
From left, Black Crane
kimono-style linen jumpsuit,
$235 at totokaelo.com; linen
jumpsuit with drop shoulders,
$210 at shopbird.com; cotton
gauze dress with raw edge
detailing, $182 needsupply.com.
Let’s Hope
Your Game
Looks as Good
Hedge, a new line of tennis
and golf attire, aims to
bring old-school elegance back
to sport. “In professional tennis,
the skirts are really short, and
there’s a loud, crazy pattern
thing with pro golfers,” said
Meagan Ouderkirk, who with
Antonia DiPaolo founded the
company. When the women
couldn’t find clothes that suited
their style, they looked to their
favorite cocktail dresses, pieces
that made them feel confident,
and reimagined them in sporty
form. Highlights include this
racerback tennis dress, its
length a little longer than we
usually see, and a swingy ballerina-like pleated skirt with an
elastic waistband and pockets.
Hedge poly/spandex tennis
dress, $235, and pleated skirt,
$225, at hedge-quarters.com.
CO C KTA IL
DR E S S E S R E DO N E
IN S P O RT Y F O R M .
D4
N
+
SCENE CITY
A Whirlwind of Emotions on Tony Night
Lupita Nyong’o, far left, was
among those in the middle of
the dance floor at the
“Hamilton” after-party at
Tavern on the Green. Left, the
host of the Tony Awards, James
Corden, arriving with his wife,
Julia Carey. Below, Oprah
Winfrey arriving at the Plaza
Hotel.
PHOTOGRAPHS BY REBECCA SMEYNE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
From left: Lin-Manuel
Miranda, creator and star of
“Hamilton,” the night’s big
winner, showed up at the Plaza
around midnight; (left to right)
Charlotte St. Martin, Jayne
Houdyshell, who won for
featured actress in a play for
her role in “The Humans,” and
Judith Light; Thomas Kail,
who won for direction of a
musical for “Hamilton,” with
Cynthia Erivo, winner for best
leading actress in a musical for
her role in “The Color Purple.”
From left: Diane Lane closed
down the party at the Baccarat
around 4:30 a.m., as guests
sang show tunes like “Maybe
This Time”; Leslie Odom Jr.,
who won for best actor in a
musical for “Hamilton,” at the
after-party; Renée Elise
Goldsberry, left, who won for
best featured actress in a
musical for “Hamilton,” was
there in a metallic dress she
paired with sneakers.
The after-parties were going
strong into the wee hours.
By JACOB BERNSTEIN
A year after Anna Wintour staged a fashion
intervention on Broadway, a decidedly
more glamorous crowd headed Sunday
night from the Tony Awards to the various
after-parties.
The first stop for the night’s winners,
losers and hangers-on was the Plaza Hotel
for the official post-awards party. It was the
biggest, starriest and most louche Tony
night many could recall, though many were
shaken up by the mass shooting in Orlando,
Fla., less than 24 hours earlier.
“I do believe the thing of ‘you can’t let
them win,’ ” said Reed Birney, holding a
Tony for best featured actor for his role in
“The Humans,” as stars like Jake Gyllen-
haal and Jane Krakowski piled into the
Plaza.
Oprah Winfrey arrived shortly after midnight, positively beaming. “It’s pretty unbelievable,” she said, describing what it felt
like to see “The Color Purple,” which she coproduced with Scott Sanders and Roy Furman, take home a Tony for best musical revival.
Nearby, clutching her Tony for her role in
“Long Day’s Journey Into Night,” was Jessica Lange. Did she plan to attend the
night’s other parties? “Oh, no,” she said, citing her difficult work schedule. “It’s a long
play, and I need a lot of rest.”
The band played vintage Donna Summer
and the ballroom kept filling. But by 1 a.m.,
guests including Andrew Rannells and Michelle Williams were already making their
way to Tavern on the Green, where the
night’s biggest winner, “Hamilton,” was cel-
ebrating.
There, Questlove was the D.J. on a platform next to a packed dance floor. Lupita
Nyong’o was barefoot in the center of it.
Close by was the actress Amy Landecker,
doing an impromptu lip sync to “Pump Up
the Jam” that ended only because her
boyfriend, Bradley Whitford, decided it was
time for a little mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
Lin-Manuel Miranda, the creator and
star of “Hamilton,” was nearby posing for
selfies and accepting congratulations. Has
he had time to sleep, a friend asked. “From 1
to 3,” he said.
Many still wore the silver ribbons that
were handed out at the Tonys to express solidarity with the victims of the Orlando massacre. “You have to celebrate, acknowledge
what happened and move forward,” said
Okieriete Onaodowan, who plays James
ON THE RUNWAY
I T WA S TH E
STA RRI E ST A ND
MOST LOUCH E
TONY NI G H T
M A NY COUL D
RECA L L .
Madison in “Hamilton,” before disappearing into the dance floor.
That party would go on till 5 a.m.
Also going strong into the wee hours was
the annual party held by the Broadway public relations firm DKC/O&M, which took
place this year at the Baccarat Hotel. There,
in a 12th floor suite, was Diane Lane, seated
by a grand piano belting out show tunes like
“Maybe This Time” with a handful of tuxedo-wearing theater types.
In the bedroom were the Tony winners
Mr. Birney and Ivo van Hove, playing with
their statues.
Fresh off his win for directing “A View
From the Bridge,” Mr. van Hove was clearly
having a good time. When he left sometime
after 4 a.m., his Tony was still on the bed.
“Ivo forgot it,” said Rick Miramontez of
DKC/O&M, though it turned out that Mr.
van Hove had simply left it with his agent.
VANESSA FRIEDMAN
The Red Carpet Runs Along the High Road
The clothes at the Tonys were
more like fashion
understatements.
“EVERYTHING I’M WEARING TONIGHT, she’s
chosen” — so said James Corden, host of the
2016 Tony Awards, in a burgundy Burberry
tuxedo on the red carpet. It was the first of
four outfits, including a green crystal-encrusted Dolce & Gabbana number, that the
comedian would model throughout the
night.
The “she” was Anna Wintour, editor of
Vogue and artistic director of Condé Nast,
who decided to give the theater awards a
makeover last year with William Ivey
Long, the costume designer and head of
the American Theater Wing, to heighten
the evening’s fashion content. Much
brouhaha surrounded the result at the
time, but while her involvement
continued this year, things appeared to
have settled down a bit.
It was as if the two worlds, style and
stage, had finally found a mutual groove.
One where the clothes were less costume
than backdrop to the content; where they
weren’t about marketing (this isn’t the Oscars, after all) or outrageous statementmaking (it’s not the MTV Video Music
Awards), but rather taking the high road. To
each show its own wardrobe identity.
In a night overshadowed by the tragedy
of the mass shooting in Orlando, Fla., and
marked by heartfelt statements — LinManuel Miranda’s sonnet of thanks and
love, Cynthia Erivo’s call-out to her mother
when she won for best leading actress, and
Frank Langella’s denouncement of hate
— it was the right role for fashion to play.
Sure, a few designers represented (Joseph Altuzarra; Dao-Yi Chow and Maxwell Osborne of Public School and
From far left, Sophie Okonedo, Claire Danes, Laura Benanti, Cate Blanchett and Lupita Nyong’o at the Tony Awards Sunday.
DKNY; Zac Posen), and some models were
in attendance (Joan Smalls, Jourdan Dunn,
Liya Kebede). But over all, the look could
best be characterized as ponytail black tie:
high elegance worn with a laid-back line. Or
red carpet without the ad campaign stuffing.
There were exceptions: Diane Lane’s
vintage zebra-stripe dazzle camouflage
jumpsuit, which made her look as if she had
taken a wrong turn on her way to the set of
“Wild Kingdom”; Ms. Erivo’s all-in gold ruffle tiered side-cut-out extravaganza. But
Renée Elise Goldsberry’s strapless buttercup Oscar de la Renta with jet embroidery,
her hair up in an elastic band, pretty much
encapsulated the tone.
After all, Oprah did the fancy ponytailplus-gown look, too; so did Audra McDonald. And so did Mr. Miranda (well, minus the
gown), whose show, “Hamilton,” was the
big winner of the night.
Otherwise, the trends were red (Laura
Michelle Kelly in Zac Posen, with a sort of
bustle at the back; Jane Krakowski in sequined Michael Kors; Glenn Close in Paule
Ka; and an inexplicable red Santa Claus tux
momentarily on Mr. Corden). And yellow
(Lucy Liu in sparkling butter halter-neck
Zuhair Murad, Danai Gurira in cool Rosie
Assoulin with a peekaboo diamond cutout
at the breastbone). Tuxedos in blues from
midnight to dawn were omnipresent, as
worn by Mark Strong and Josh Groban,
among many others.
What else? Claire Danes debuted a black
bias-cut satin slither hot off the racks of
Narciso Rodriguez’s Resort collection, unveiled last week. There were select flowers,
in the form of Laura Benanti’s lace Oscar de
la Renta, and Sophie Okonedo’s off-the
shoulder Zac Posen jacquard (shoulders
were the focal point of the night, also bared
by Lupita Nyong’o in a mosaic Boss gown).
Cate Blanchett and Michelle Williams
went high runway in Louis Vuitton, Ms.
Blanchett in a black leather breastplate
over a black-and-white lace and silk collage
dress, Ms. Williams in long ruched white
mousseline covered in micro paillettes. And
Tavi Gevinson went high rockabilly and
short hemline in Coach. The silver-fringe
Alberta Ferretti flapper frock that Adrienne
Warren chose had a noteworthy flare; ditto
Akosua Busia’s head wrap.
But one accessory was ubiquitous on
lapels and gowns alike: a twist of silver ribbon designed by Mr. Long, worn in solidarity with the victims of Orlando and a visual
reminder that, as Mr. Manuel said, “nothing
here is promised, not one day.”
It was the single most resonant fashion
statement of the night.
N
D5
SKIN DEEP
An Early Adopter of Coconut Oil
Lisa Bonet attributes organic
and essential oils, everyday
skin care for her youthfulness.
The actress Lisa Bonet has been appearing
on TV screens for decades, memorably in
her role as Denise Huxtable on “The Cosby
Show” and “A Different World.” This summer she’ll be the featured guest star on season four of “Ray Donovan,” returning June
26 on Showtime. Born in San Francisco, Ms.
Bonet, 48, now lives in Los Angeles. She has
a daughter, the actress Zoë Kravitz, 27, with
the musician Lenny Kravitz, and a daughter, Lola, 8, and a son, Nakoa-Wolf, 7, with
the actor Jason Momoa. Here, she shares
her health and beauty favorites.
BEE SHAPIRO
Skin Care
I use pretty active things at night to keep
the cells turning over. I use a scrub by my
facialist Dayle Breault a couple times a
week. Or I’ll use Derma Peel by Rhonda Allison. I alternate between the two. For
cleansing, especially in the morning when
I’m looking to sweep the dead cells away, I
use Dayle’s face soap or Rhonda Allison
Pumpkin Cleanser.
Then I’ll use a couple of serums. I switch
back and forth between Dayle’s Truthful Serum or Le Mieux TGF-B Booster. I change it
according to whatever my skin is needing
that day. Then I use Dayle’s spritz just to
push the serums in deeper. I owe a lot to
Dayle for my sustained youthfulness. But
I’ve always taken skin care very seriously
— from when I was a kid and would go to the
drugstore and buy that Apricot Scrub. I also
have really sensitive skin that requires a
good amount of care. I’m not one of those
people who can go to sleep with their makeup on and wake up and be fine.
TOP, DAY L E BRE AULT SCRUB
( L E F T ) ; L E MI E UX TG F BOOSTE R
SE RUM. A BOV E , RH ONDA A L L I SON
DE RMA P E E L .
BE LOW, SORMÉ CONCE A L E R
( L E F T ) ; SH I SE I DO MA SCA RA .
BOT TOM, DI OR GOL D SH A DOW
( L E F T ) ; L I V I NG L I BATI ON
BRE A ST OI L .
Makeup
I use a tinted sunblock by Epicuren, and I
add a squirt of Sormé liquid concealer and
mix that together. Zoë has turned me on to
this glowy highlighter. It’s Laura Mercier
Tinted Moisturizer Illuminating. I use Dr.
Hauschka Tinted Day Cream on my eyes. It
moisturizes lids and looks pretty. That’s basically what I wear during the day.
If I’m going out at night, I usually pick my
eyes to accentuate. My go-to is a black
sparkly pencil by Sisley. It adds a little
sparkle, and it’s very easy to play with. I use
Shiseido mascara, and I have this beautiful
gold shadow by Dior. If I need it, I might use
Clé de Peau concealer.
My brows are natural. I guess I got lucky.
If you overtweeze, they might not grow
back. I’ve always kept them quite full. Although, as young women, we like to experiment, and I did tweeze them once. (I have a
school picture for proof.) It’s amazing how
brows can change your face. I remember
my mother was flabbergasted when I came
out of the bathroom. I would tell my daughters not to overtweeze — maybe Zoë did it
once — but you’ve got to let them fly, too.
Hair
I’ve had my hair in dreadlocks for a really
long time. It’s probably been 20-something
years now. I went for it because I couldn’t
stand the hours of tending and unraveling
my hair. It would knot up, and I don’t like
going to salons. It seemed the natural solution. It’s hilarious when people who don’t
know about dreads wonder, “Do you wash
your hair?” The answer is “Of course.”
I usually use the Wen cleansing conditioner. If I’m looking for a really deep clean,
I use the Phyto products. After I wash, I oil
my hair up. If I don’t add oil, or overwash, it
can become brittle. I like the Weleda rosemary hair oil, and I use organic coconut oil,
which is what I use on my body as well. I
was using coconut oil before the current
ELIZABETH LIPPMAN FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
‘It’s hilarious when people who don’t know about
dreads wonder, “Do you wash your hair?”’
craze. It’s simple and pure. Why put a lotion
on your body that has 10 ingredients when
you can put on one that is from nature and
smells divine and does the job?
Fragrance
I usually stick with essential oils. There’s a
wonderful company called Living Libations, and they have a fine, fine selection.
They’re based in Canada. I actually heard
Nadine [Artemis], one of the founders,
speak at a breast health symposium, and I
The actress Lisa Bonet, who
will guest star on “Ray
Donovan” this season, swears
by organic coconut oil for her
hair and body.
got turned on to her wealth of knowledge. I
love her breast oil as well.
I might not tell you all the essential oils I
use — you do have to keep a little mystery!
— but you can’t go wrong with rose. There’s
a beautiful gardenia, too. I also like the
neroli. I tend to gravitate toward the flower
essential oils.
Diet and Fitness
I’m all about putting food in my body that
nourishes me. I used to be more skeptical
about the gluten-free thing, but then my
daughter Lola had a cough, and she’d wake
up in the middle of the night. It got worse
and worse, and the doctor had to give her an
inhaler. Well, my own doctor suggested
maybe it’s gluten. We took the gluten away,
and it’s been such a big change. I pay for a
gluten-free sourdough bread that’s baked
fresh every week. A typical breakfast at
home would be seasoned bone broth from
Real Food Devotee, scrambled eggs cooked
in coconut oil and the sourdough bread
toasted with raw butter.
My favorite form of fitness is dance. I take
an African dance class that I live for. I just
walked in one day, and I have been doing it
pretty regularly for seven years now. I also
do Pilates twice a week, yoga once a week,
and I go to the gym twice a week. I was a
gymnast when I was very young. I ran track
and field and cross-country when I was in
school. I probably would have been an athlete if I hadn’t become an artist.
D6
N
Top 10 London Men’s Wear Moments
By ELIZABETH PATON
LONDON — London Collections Men, that twice-yearly celebration of men’s wear, was missing perhaps the two biggest names in the business this time around,
Burberry and Alexander McQueen, but there were still plenty of other memorable moments during four days of runway shows and showroom presentations.
FIRSTVIEW
FIRSTVIEW
1. The Craig Green Hype
2. Samuel L. Jackson
3. The Burberry No-Show
4. Gender-Bending Reigns
5. Jermyn Street Catwalk
With a schedule in flux and a surge of
fresh questions around the future of
men’s wear fashion weeks continuing to
make the rounds, it was left to Craig
Green, winner of the BFC/GQ Designer
Menswear Fund prize last month, to
prove why London remains a creative
hive of rising stars continually able to
raise the design bar. The confident offerings of his spring 2017 show on Friday revealed a designer quietly undoing ideas
of contemporary masculinity. Staples of
the male wardrobe like collared shirts,
trench coats and pinstripe suits were dissected then stitched back together using
a single continuous thread, while deceptively simple black-and-white shirt-andpant combos appeared fully formed from
the part, only to come away at the seams
from behind. Blue quilted cutaway jackets that looked as if they had been
formed from eiderdown bedspreads
gave a dreamy nod to home comfort
cravings, before a series of looks inspired by models wrapped over and over
in Boy Scouts bunting flags in bright,
graphic prints to create urban robes with
monastic fervor. After, the crowd went
wild. How did Mr. Green celebrate? He
went to the pub with his mum.
With “Pulp Fiction,” the “Star Wars” sequels, “Iron Man” and “Captain America,” the Hollywood heavyweight Samuel
L. Jackson has celebrity star wattage
that rarely finds its way onto the L.C.M.
schedule. But Sunday night, he was in
town to host the third annual One for the
Boys charity ball, held this year amid the
grandeur of the Victoria and Albert Museum in South Kensington. A charming
compère for the black-tie event, which
brings a splash of glamour to the men’s
calendar and aims to raise money and
awareness for men’s health issues, Mr.
Jackson had also managed to persuade
several A-listers to join him onstage.
“I’ve never sung this song before, but
when Mr. Jackson asks, you have to do
what he says, so bear with me,” said
Nicole Scherzinger, the former Pussycat
Doll, after kicking off her stilettos and
bursting into a rendition of “Purple
Rain.” Kylie Minogue, who spoke of her
own battle with cancer, sang a version of
her hit “I Believe in You,” and the British
rapper Tinie Tempah got weary fashionistas up and out of their seats ahead of
their last day of shows. Twenty-four
hours later, Mr. Jackson was at it again,
hosting a raucous karaoke event with
Dylan Jones, the British GQ editor, at Abbey Road studios, made famous by the
Beatles.
Burberry’s decision this year to exit the
London men’s schedule to show men’s
and women’s wear together at London
Fashion Week pulled a major tent pole
from the L.C.M. calendar. In place of its
blockbuster Monday show, the British
luxury brand held a cocktail party Friday
night at its vast Regent Street flagship
store. All eyes were on Christopher Bailey, the company’s smiling but tightlipped chief executive and creative director, who had been given a 75 percent pay
cut earlier in the week after failing to
meet the company’s profit target last
year following a drop in demand from
China and Hong Kong.
Mixed-gender collections aside, L.C.M.
proved a hothouse for the booming unisex trend. Allusions to dresses and skirts
were everywhere: silk car coats with full
skirts at Grace Wales Bonner, and oversize dropped-hem tunic shifts at J. W. Anderson; glittery powder-paint-hued
sweater dresses at Xander Zhou, and
quilted swaddling at Craig Green. On a
rose-strewn catwalk at the Topman and
Fashion East MAN show, Charles Jeffrey, the maverick up-and-coming
founder of Loverboy, teasingly increased
the ambiguity by channeling Dior’s new
look, offering Swarovski-crystal boxer
shorts and hints of midriff, and even
sending out a male model in a navy
whalebone corset with tracksuit bottoms.
Union Jacks were already fluttering
across Central London thanks to a flurry
of 90th birthday celebrations being held
for Queen Elizabeth II last weekend. But
few streets looked as stylish as St.
James’s Jermyn Street on Saturday afternoon. Closed to traffic and transformed into an urban catwalk, it hosted
four shows and a front row that was open
to the general public. Thirty brands with
stores on Jermyn Street, one of the city’s
most historic luxury shopping thoroughfares, contributed looks from the runway
for immediate purchase, including Turnbull & Asser, John Smedley, John Lobb
and Barbour. As L.C.M. prepares to rebrand itself next season as London Fashion Week Men’s, and with a growing shift
to consumers rather than industry
insiders, the event appeared to signal
how future seasons may look.
Above, from left: Craig Green at
Ambika P3; Samuel L. Jackson, left,
and Dylan Jones, the editor of
British GQ, singing “I’m Your
Puppet” at Abbey Road Studios;
Christopher Bailey, center, chief
executive of Burberry; a
gender-bending look at the MAN
show; and John Smedley looks
showcased on Jermyn Street.
A L L EY E S WE RE
ON BURBE RRY ’ S
TI G H T- L I P P E D
CH I E F
E X ECUTI V E .
N
D7
PHOTOGRAPHS BY TOM JAMIESON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
6. A Good Laugh
7. The New Guard
8. Her First Stand-Alone
9. His Unusual Concepts
10. Coach Steps Up
Stalwarts of the London men’s wear
scene have long known how to put on a
show with a strong sense of humor. Take
Sibling, which offered hard-core holiday
wear by way of Miami Beach (and a
Mariah Carey soundtrack) for its riotous
men’s and women’s knitwear collection,
including eye-popping sequined swim
shorts with matching cardigans in icecream palettes. In a collection called Provincial Heartbreak, Christopher Shannon created a playful paean to everyday
’80s leisure-wear staples like denim and
tracksuits, alongside stealthy swipes at
corporate culture via heavily branded
hoodies and T-shirts emblazoned with
riffs on the logo of Sports Direct, the embattled British activewear retailer. The
industry darling Christopher Kane, from
his presentation at his Mount Street
store, described his spring 2017 offerings
as “ ‘Crimewatch’ meets ‘Casual,’” with
oversize T-shirts and bombers emblazoned with kitschy video-game-style
prints.
Childhood appeared to serve as the fulcrum for the latest men’s wear collection
by Jonathan Anderson, a designer
whose career has flourished on clothing
more suited for grown-ups. Inspired in
part by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s “ Little Prince,” and introduced by the recorded voice of David Bowie narrating
“Peter and the Wolf,” the clothes on the
runway were a kaleidoscopic maelstrom,
overloaded with the suggestion of a longforgotten, pre-gendered dress-up box.
Bright oversize sweaters with dangling
sleeves dwarfed their occupants, while
silky sugary-hued bombers and trenches
teamed with swimming goggles called
forth enthusiastic attic adventures. “I
wanted there to be opulence, but in a
childlike way,” Mr. Anderson said backstage after the show. “And how do you escape nostalgia? Because that’s boring.”
Perched next to the LVMH scion Alexandre Arnault was Mr. Anderson’s latest
collaborative partner, the rapper ASAP
Rocky. The duo recently released an
eight-piece capsule collection, and
Rocky jetted into town for 24 hours to
support his new pal. “We just bounce off
one another,” he said with a grin, bedecked in one of their peach-fuzz jackets.
“We knew we wanted to work together
professionally rather than just be
friends. I wouldn’t have missed this show
for the world.”
Grace Wales Bonner, a 25-year-old London native, racked up both a British
Fashion Award for emerging talent and a
nomination for the LVMH prize ahead of
her first stand-alone show Sunday away
from talent incubators MAN and Fashion East. Industry insiders were rapturous over the polished collection, which,
like her preceding work, continued a
gender-fluid focus on spirituality and
black culture. This season found its footing in the 1930 crowning of Haile Selassie
as emperor of Ethiopia and traditional
ceremonial dress that pushed the boundaries of contemporary tailoring. Smoothshouldered jackets with oversize sleeves
and tight waists combined with choirboy
ruffles and crochet collars, frock or tail
coats were matched with cropped
cigarette pants and a splash of Caribbean crochet, and brief capes glittered with
shells, sparkles and beads — pieces that
delighted buyers from both men’s and
women’s wear camps.
Aitor Throup, an Argentine Royal
College of Art graduate, hasn’t shown on
the L.C.M. schedule since June 2012.
There was a palpable sense of anticipation in the front row ahead of his Sunday
night show, as no one knew quite what to
expect. Held in a deconsecrated church
in Marylebone, the show made it clear
from the start that Mr. Throup intended
to stand out and away from the crowd;
guests arrived to find a sculptural installation, “The Resting of the Past,” constructed from four life-casts made to his
own measurements and dressed in
prototypes from concepts last shown in
2013. The designer called the collection a
self-portrait, adding that he was interested in artistic concepts rather than
style. “I knew I wasn’t interested in fashion, I knew I wasn’t interested in seasons,” Mr. Throup said of his hiatus. “I
was interested in product design and
product development, and I knew I was
good at telling stories. So I have worked
on being a storyteller.” What unfolded on
stage were six trans-seasonal looks
modeled on steel puppets, manhandled
by a half-dozen masked puppeteers
along the catwalk to eerie music and the
occasional gunshot before being suspended from the ceiling at the show’s climax. The clothes shown (hooded sweatshirts, quilted parka jackets, lightweight
tunics) will go on to inform a full, commercially distributed collection that will
be released early next year.
Coach, the American accessories powerhouse, took Burberry’s place on the
schedule Monday and had some of that
brand’s bravado to match: vast, temporary walls with images of a dystopian
Americana desert framed the runway; a
large leather T-rex bag charm awaited
each guest; and the British supermodel
Kate Moss was in attendance, sporting
Coach wares. For his latest mixed-gender collection, the creative director Stuart Vevers showed a black-and-red-hued
homage to cultures on the other side of
the ocean: oversize varsity and fitted
leather jackets with quirky skull-shaped
stencils; cropped pants and tapered
shorts with a wild rose print; and some
killer leather trousers on models with
drawn-on tattoos and cool silver metal
earplugs dangling from their necks, and
holding totes emblazoned with vintage
American sports cars or metallic studs.
We want to be in his gang.
Above, from left, looks from Sibling,
J. W. Anderson, Grace Wales Bonner,
Aitor Throup and Coach.
TH I S SE A SON
P USH E D TH E
BOUNDA RI E S OF
CONTE MP ORA RY
TA I LORI NG .
D8
N
Pat Cleveland Still Has That Strut
CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
“Model” is probably too limited a description for a woman who, through a combination of moxie, off-kilter beauty and preternatural energy, spent the next five decades
romping across continents and stamping
her imprint on an industry that, if it didn’t
always know what to do with her, inevitably
succumbed to her goofball appeal.
“Pat was a muse for Halston, Stephen
Burrows, Giorgio Sant’Angelo and Antonio
Lopez,” Diane von Furstenberg, the designer and chairwoman of the Council of
Fashion Designers of America, wrote in a
recent email from Tokyo, where she had
paused briefly on her way to Bhutan. “She
was, and is still, magical.”
Whether on catwalks in New York or the
various European capitals of fashion, Ms.
Cleveland made for an unconventional
model, one not classically beautiful and yet
“a more gorgeous version of Josephine
Baker,” as Ms. von Furstenberg said.
Dancing, twirling, strutting on a runway
and “moving like no one else,” as the designer added, Ms. Cleveland had an effect
on the catwalk best captured by another top
model of the era, Janice Dickinson: “When
she moved, she painted the air around her
with the clothes.”
To comprehend what Ms. Cleveland is to
the recent history of fashion, it probably
helps to consider what fashion is not anymore: an insular and largely tribal business
dominated by cliques and elites. Compelling to a largely cult fan base, fashion in Ms.
Cleveland’s 1970s prime was anything but
the corporate juggernaut and global entertainment spectacle it has since become.
American fashion, in particular, during
the era when Ms. Cleveland first appeared,
was also more porous and racially diverse
than it would be in the subsequent decades.
Success in the business was measured in
those days not by social media metrics but
by an ability to bewitch the cognoscenti, to
make yours a name they whispered about.
Above and below left, Pat Cleveland in her home, where she wrote much of her memoir. Below, Ms. Cleveland with her daughter, Anna, a model, backstage at an H&M show in March.
And seemingly Ms. Cleveland has been
an object of fascination for those around her
almost from the time she was born 65 years
ago to a white Swedish saxophonist and an
African-American artist from the South.
Soon after, Ms. Cleveland’s father, Johnny
Johnston, returned to Sweden, leaving her
mother, Lady Bird Cleveland, to raise her
freckle-faced young daughter alone.
“If you’re a single black woman and have
a Swedish lover, life is never going to be
easy, and Lady Bird didn’t have the opportunities in life,” Ms. Cleveland said. “But her
lesson to me was always, whatever your circumstances are, it’s up to you to create your
own world.”
She was sitting at a picnic table in the
mild spring sunshine. Behind her was a
clutch of the tame peacocks that had
strayed from a nearby farm and into the
yard of her modest split-level house one day
and somehow remained.
Set amid a row of cookie-cutter plots
carved from farmland, the house was Lady
Bird’s until her death last year from
Alzheimer’s disease. More than a decade
ago, Ms. Cleveland and her husband, the
photographer Paul Van Ravenstein, returned to the United States from the Italian
mountain village where they’d been living
to care for the ailing woman.
“I tell my kids I expect them to do the
same for me,” Ms. Cleveland said of her son,
Noel Van Ravenstein, a sometime model
and yoga teacher, and her daughter, Anna
Cleveland, who herself has cut a considerable swath through the modeling business
in recent years.
Throughout the house hang scores of the
prolific Lady Bird Cleveland’s paintings and
drawings; images of black historical figures
crowd the walls there, stand five deep in a
storeroom and are even taped inside
kitchen cabinet doors.
A parallel domestic presence is that of
Gurumayi Chidvilasananda, the Hindu
spiritual leader who counts Ms. Cleveland
among her devotees. Dressed in a raspberry-colored T-shirt and snug plum jeans,
Ms. Cleveland looked surprisingly fresh
that day, particularly given that she’d driven home from Manhattan at 6 in the morning after an all-night photography session
with Anna Cleveland for a catalog.
The prosaic suburban setting seemed a
far cry from her glamorous work life and
from the high-life haunts Ms. Cleveland depicts in her book.
It was not easy to square the serene figure at the picnic table with the goofball naïf
who over the years found herself on cokeaddled jaunts through the Serengeti with
tempestuous models and photographer divas; who spent a thousand nights clubbing
in New York or Paris fueled by lavish quantities of Champagne and other stimulants;
who embarked on nearly that many libidinal adventures along the way.
“I practically killed myself at the Tenth
Floor,” she remarked offhandedly, referring
to a members-only 1970s gay dance club
made famous in Andrew Holleran’s novel
REX FEATURES, VIA ASSOCIATED PRESS
the beginning, people said, ‘You shouldn’t
use her, you shouldn’t use her,’” the designer Stephen Burrows said recently by
telephone. “But her personality was so electrifying and inspirational, you could imagine anything you designed on her, like a
sketch come to life.”
It is dismal to note that, as Ms. Cleveland
said, the racial discrimination she experienced at the start of her long career persists. “It’s still out there, my darling,” said
the model, who decades ago fled New York
for Paris, where she vowed to remain until a
black woman appeared on the cover of
Vogue. (Beverly Johnson earned the distinction in August 1974.)
It was early on during her sojourn in
Paris that Ms. Cleveland fell in with the
star-making fashion illustrator Antonio Lopez, and through him that she met the model Donna Jordan, the designer Karl Lagerfeld and many others from among an impossibly glamorous faction the writer Alicia
Drake characterized as the Icarus Generation in her 2006 book, “The Beautiful Fall:
Lagerfeld, Saint Laurent and Glorious Excess in 1970s Paris.”
Most favored of the perches for that
group were the banquettes of the Café de
Flore on the Boulevard St.-Germain. There,
as Ms. Drake wrote, “designers, models and
muses all came,” seeking notice, arrayed on
one side of the room a cluster of beautiful
and seductive Yves Saint Laurent loyalists
— people like Loulou de la Falaise and Betty
Catroux — and opposite them, half-hidden
behind potted palms, “a dazzling throng of
Americans” from the camp of Mr. Lagerfeld.
“We were just like two little girls from Little Rock,” Ms. Cleveland said of herself and
Ms. Jordan, a reference to the beautiful
provincials in “Gentleman Prefer Blondes.”
“We were comrades and we were going to
ERIC JOHNSON FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Above, from left, the model
Bethann Hardison, the
designer Stephen Burrows and
Ms. Cleveland at a gala in 2006.
“Dancer From the Dance.” “I was wearing
platform shoes and went up on a ladder and
started laughing and dancing because we
all had poppers and I almost fell off.”
“Walking With the Muses,” a densely peopled and illustrated volume, is studded with
the boldface names of Ms. Cleveland’s acquaintance (“Diane Vreeland was a freak
and she liked the freaks,” she writes), and
amorous partners — Mick Jagger, Jack
Nicholson and Warren Beatty make appearances — but also with figures from her
mother’s Harlem Renaissance coterie. It
was Carl Van Vechten who snapped some of
Ms. Cleveland’s earliest photos.
What’s notable about Ms. Cleveland’s
story is its grounding in an untutored wisdom, her canny powers of observation and a
willingness to write with candor about professional challenges that, as often as not,
were rooted in race.
When she first appeared on the scene, according to André Leon Talley, a contributing
editor of Vogue, Ms. Cleveland was a type of
model people hadn’t seen before. “A skinny
girl from Harlem with no boobs and a frizz
of hair,” is how she describes herself.
At the height of her powers, that same
skinny girl from Harlem was transformed
into a star on the evening of Nov. 28, 1973,
when she — one of 30 black models chosen
to participate in a benefit runway show held
at the Palace of Versailles outside Paris —
took to the stage in front of 800 guests,
many of them prominent or titled, and, spinning and twirling, left little doubt in the
minds of observers that the immediate future of fashion belonged not to the Old
World but to the New.
“Pat was never a parody of the high-class
model,” Mr. Talley said. “The way she
RON GALELLA/WIREIMAGE
RJ CAPAK/WIREIMAGE
walked, her sense of theatricality wasn’t
something she acquired. Whether she was
being zany, goofy Pat or ethereal,
ephemeral, gossamer-as-the-wings-of-abutterfly Pat, what she did was natural to
her. It came from within.”
So, too, Ms. Cleveland said, does the
memoir, which she composed in multiple
drafts across a dozen years, using notes
made so long ago that most were written on
a typewriter.
“I wrote this book myself, Honey,” said
Ms. Cleveland, as she glided indoors and
into a sunlit studio, where stacks of early
drafts lay piled alongside snapshots of a
freckle-faced girl in pigtails and scores of
magazine tear sheets showing a glamorized
Ms. Cleveland as captured by nearly every
late-20th-century fashion photographer of
any note: Richard Avedon, Irving Penn,
Bruce Weber and Steven Meisel.
Ms. Cleveland doesn’t shrink from facing
down in her book an industry not always
welcoming of black beauty, then or now. “In
Above, Ms. Cleveland and
Halston, center, at a party in
Halston’s studio after a Coty
fashion awards show in New
York in 1972. Left, Ms.
Cleveland walking in the Bill
Blass spring 2004 show during
Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week.
get that Vogue cover!” she added.
Failing that, they would win the embrace
of designers like Valentino and Oscar de la
Renta and Thierry Mugler and Ms. von
Furstenberg, and of Mr. Burrows and Kenzo
and Yves Saint Laurent. So besotted was
Halston with how Ms. Cleveland looked and
moved in his clothes that he drew her into
his inner circle, anointing her a “Halstonette.”
It is a challenge to conjure, in an age of
anonymously interchangeable and often robotic creatures, her effect on those lucky
enough to have observed her working her
ephemeral magic on a runway.
For those who did, she remains unforgettable. “I still have a visceral, electric memory of her,” said Michael Gross, the author of
“Model: The Ugly Business of Beautiful
Women” and “Focus: The Secret, Sexy,
Sometimes Sordid World of Fashion Photographers,” which will be published on
July 5.
“It wasn’t just dancing, it wasn’t leaping,
it certainly wasn’t mere walking,” Mr. Gross
said. “She was the living embodiment of not
just the clothes, but the joie de vivre, the energy and enthusiasm, everything that was
great about that particular moment in fashion and the joy of being alive.”
UNBUTTONED
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VANESSA FRIEDMAN
Embracing a New Role
As Condom Pitchman
By SARAH MASLIN NIR
NEIL HALL/REUTERS
Using their lines, designers show opposition to Brexit, Britain’s potential exit from the E.U., which will be voted on in a referendum on June 23.
Designers Make Their Case for Staying
CONTINUED FROM PAGE D1
tended to June 9), and in February, Christopher Bailey of Burberry was among more
than 100 business leaders who signed a letter published on the opinion page of The
Times of London stating “Britain will be
stronger, safer and better off remaining a
member of the EU.”
But otherwise, until now, British fashion
has been largely quiet on Brexit — just as it
was in 2014 during the referendum on Scottish independence (which was voted down).
It was as if, afraid to offend customers,
fashion industry members were keeping
their opinions under a well-crafted hat.
Yet on Monday, the British Fashion Council (which does not have an official position
on the issue) completed a poll of 500 member designers, and of the 290 who replied, 90
percent were in favor of remaining, with
only 4.3 percent in favor of leaving. (The
rest were undecided or said they would refrain from voting.)
The industry appears to be waking up to
Brexit’s potentially damaging implications,
practical and philosophical.
If it happens, said Christopher Kane, the
recipient of three British Fashion Council
awards: “The fashion industry is not going
to know what hit it. It’s quite scary.”
The most obvious assumption, when it
comes to fashion and Brexit, is that a leave
vote would be the end of free trade, with a
resulting cost wallop. HSBC Holdings has
predicted the pound could depreciate by as
much as 20 percent. And given that most
catwalk designers source fabrics in Italy
and produce in Europe, that could send
manufacturing prices soaring, which will
ultimately be passed on to the end consumer. Which is to say: you. (And that doesn’t even get into the possibility of import
and export taxes.)
“While my aesthetic is global, my make is
definitely European,” emailed Zowie
Broach, a founder of the fashion label
Boudicca and head of fashion at the Royal
College of Art. “Now I buy most of my fabrics from Europe, but when I go outside to
Switzerland or the U.S., that’s when my
costs go through the roof.”
Less discussed, but potentially even
more damaging for fashion, is what may
happen if E.U. citizens no longer have the
right to live and work freely in Britain, and
vice versa. Fashion is an industry whose
roots are embedded in Continental soil, and
the other fashion capitals (and those who
were trained there) occupy an outsize space
in the designer imagination, British and
otherwise — and a physical space in many
of their ateliers — that cannot be
underestimated.
Though Mr. Kane is Scottish and his com-
pany is based in London, for example, it is
owned by the French conglomerate Kering,
many of whose executives, including
François-Henri Pinault, the chief executive,
actually live in London, though the group is
based in Paris.
Mr. Kane has, he pointed out, “all these
amazing seamstresses from Italy, from all
over Europe, that have been working with
us for five years . . . How much would it cost
for us to get them visas?” The answer is unclear: Few specifics have been laid out as to
how an exit might take place (other than
that they will have two years to figure out
the logistical decoupling).
According to Peter Pilotto, who founded
his namesake brand in London in 2007, even
though he is Austrian-Italian and his partner, Christopher De Vos, is Belgian-Peruvian, 70 percent of their team is (as they are)
international. If Brexit occurs, “people will
have to migrate again,” Mr. Pilotto said. In
fact, the whole company might.
Indeed, some of the most influential
names on the London Fashion Week schedule, especially in women’s wear, are not
British. Mary Katrantzou, winner of the
British Fashion Council’s 2015 New Estab-
With Brexit, ‘people will
have to migrate again.’
lishment designer award, is Greek. Daniela
and Annette Felder of Felder Felder are
German. Roksanda Ilincic, whose colorblock dress was recently worn by the duchess of Cambridge at a street party to celebrate Queen Elizabeth’s 90th birthday, is
Serbian. (Serbia is in the midst of membership negotiations with the E.U.)
London has long been a magnet for fashion students from across Europe, all of
whom benefit from reduced tuition costs
and have gone on to populate fashion teams
throughout the industry.
Currently, there are students from more
than 65 countries at the Royal College of
Art. “It’s our international reach, our partnerships and collaborations, that makes us
the world’s No. 1 university of art and design,” Ms. Broach said, referring to the QS
World University rankings in the Art & Design field. “If Britain exits Europe, I’ll wager good money on our no longer occupying
that top spot. Our students want fewer borders, not more.”
Likewise, at Central Saint Martins (alma
mater of Riccardo Tisci, creative director of
Givenchy and an Italian). “Undergraduates
from Europe make up a considerable intake
to all our fashion pathways,” said Willie
Walters, C.S.M.’s director of fashion pro-
gram.
Their studios are now decorated with
posters given to them by the photographer
Wolfgang Tillmans, a prizewinning artist
who lives in London and Berlin. They feature a shoreline and the words “No country
by itself,” or a skyscape and “What is lost is
lost forever.”
At the recent Central Saint Martins B.A.
collections, the student Philip Ellis overtly
addressed the subject, twinning E.U. flag
armbands with badges reading “stay” and
“salut” on cropped punk-rock leather and
army-green jackets over matching
miniskirts, and gray hoodies under ruffled
peasant blouses.
“My agenda is to increase discourse on
Brexit,” he wrote as part of his collection development process, the better to “make a
difference in the referendum that I feel so
passionately about. Birds of a feather flock
together. Britain should not leave the EU.”
The rest of the European sector is holding
its breath. The Chambre Syndicale, French
fashion’s governing body, would not respond to questions about how Brexit might
affect its industry (which employs numerous Britons, including Phoebe Philo, who
runs the Céline design studio from London,
and Clare Waight Keller, creative director of
Chloé in Paris), saying “we do not comment
on political matters.”
But Carlo Capasa, president of the Camera Nazionale della Moda, the national
chamber of fashion, was less circumspect.
“The Italian fashion looks at a possible
Brexit with concern,” he wrote in an email.
“Its effects would be very negative.”
Beyond the logistics, there is a more abstract, but perhaps even more important, issue related to Brexit that goes to the heart
of fashion’s power and identity. The clothes
we see and desire — the clothes that resonate beyond need — are most alluring
when they reflect the wider world and describe an individual’s place within it; when
they take the maelstrom of questions and
crosscurrents surrounding us and give
them coherent form and beauty.
This is why design teams like those at
Christopher Kane and Peter Pilotto are so
multicultural: Not only because of the practical skills they may bring to the patterncutting table, but also because of the life experience they add — their unique heritage
and identity. Mixed in and blended with
other worlds and tastes, this creates what
we think of as contemporary fashion.
Closed borders threaten that aesthetic landscape, render it parochial and, potentially,
irrelevant. The result could be creatively
hobbling.
“Maybe it’s time we all take a stance,” Mr.
Kane said. No designer is an island, even if
he lives on one.
Standing near an ice sculpture of a
phallus encased in a condom,
Charlie Sheen took the stage at an
event on Monday evening in Manhattan to help introduce a prophylactic called HEX from a Swedish
luxury sex-toy brand.
He emerged through a glass
door in the corner of the room,
shortly after a video of him, speaking frankly about his diagnosis of
H.I.V., played on a television in the
center of the room.
As the real thing suddenly
popped into the room, dressed in a
charcoal suit and seeming smaller
and far more upbeat than the man
who last made public rounds in
November, when he announced to
the world that he was H.I.V.-positive, the crowd gasped.
It was a surprise appearance at
the Midtown party for HEX, a latex condom with a resilient honeycomblike structure developed
by the brand LELO. Before Mr.
Sheen’s appearance, the event
had consisted of photo booths and
party games like pricking a pin
through
condoms
stretched
across LELO vibrators.
Mr. Sheen acknowledged the reaction, asking the crowd: What
business does a man who has five
children and H.I.V. have hawking
a contraceptive? Well, he
continued, one of those things he
wished he never had.
The emergence of Mr. Sheen as
a hybrid spokesman-activist at
the party, where dancers in hexagon-pattered leotards performed
erotic dance routines, signified a
new act for the troubled actor.
Since confirming his H.I.V. sta-
tus on the “Today” show, Mr.
Sheen has not just begun to engage in H.I.V./AIDS activism, he
has also started to participate in a
clinical trial of a new anti-H.I.V.
drug and become its de facto
spokesman.
Steve Thomson, LELO’s chief
marketing officer, said in an email
that Mr. Sheen was “the perfect
choice for LELO, a tragic reflection of the current situation in sexual health of today, but more importantly, a symbol of change with
the strength and the courage to
confront key issues head on.”
After Mr. Sheen’s announcement, internet searches about the
disease spiked, Mr. Thomson said.
“At this point,” Mr. Thomson said,
“he realized that there is potential
to do more on the issue, much
more than to tend to his personal
interests.”
The condoms are available online for $20 for a pack of 12. Mr.
Sheen will travel to several cities
across the globe for the company
in the coming days to promote the
product.
The structure of the condom,
the company says, reduces breakage and slipping, and, equally important — looks cool, according to
Filip Sedic, LELO’s founder, who
spoke at the event. Mr. Sedic’s
hope, he said, is that those three
factors, and Mr. Sheen’s role as
spokesman, will persuade people
to not just buy his product, but to
use condoms as a matter of safety.
On a video on LELO’s website,
Mr. Sheen sits alone in a warehouse speaking of the product and
his condition. It is filled with lingering, uncomfortable pauses.
JAMIE McCARTHY/GETTY IMAGES FOR EJAF
Since confirming his H.I.V. status, Charlie Sheen has been involved in
H.I.V./AIDS activism, and now he is a spokesman for the HEX condom.
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HOW A WATCHDOG CAST A BLIND EYE ON A DOPING PLOT

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