Idukki DDMP - State Emergency Operations Centre

Transcription

Idukki District Disaster Management Plan
Table of Contents
Chapters
Chapters
Page No.
I
District Profile
2-15
II
Resource Inventory
15-36
III
Hazard analysis
37-47
IV
Vulnerability Analysis
48-71
V
Institutional Mechanisms
72-74
VI
Prevention and Mitigation Measures
75-83
VII
Preparedness Plan
84-117
VIII
Response Plan
118-142
IX
Recovery Plan
143-145
X
Annexure
146-183
Annexure 1
Abbrivations
145
Annexure 2
References
146
Annexure 3
Departmental Plans
147-152
1
Chapter 1
District Profile
A natural disaster is the consequence of the combination of a natural hazard (a physical event e.g.
volcanic eruption, earthquake, and landslide) and human activities. "Disasters occur when hazards meet
vulnerability". A natural hazard will hence never result in a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability.
A widely accepted definition that characterizes natural hazards is as those elements of the physical
environment, harmful to man and caused by forces extraneous to him. A hazard turns into disaster when
there is a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human material or
environmental losses, which exceeded the ability of the affected society to cope with by using its own
resources. The degree of potential loss can also depend on the nature of the hazard itself, ranging from
wildfires, which threaten individual buildings, to impact events, which have the potential to end
civilization.
Disasters are mainly classified into three, natural, man-made and hybrid. The difference between
them is marginal. Definitions and categorization of disasters varies according to regions, the geographical
and social settings in which they are located.
1. 1 Need for Planning
Disasters occur with unfailing regularity in India causing immense loss of life, assets and livelihood.
Repeated disasters threaten sustainable development. In the past twenty years, earthquakes, floods,
tropical storms, droughts and other calamities have killed more than 3 million people globally, inflicted
injury, disease, homelessness and misery on one billion others and caused damages worth millions of
rupees. Disasters destroy decades of human effort and investments, thereby placing new demands on
society for reconstruction and rehabilitation.
Pre-disaster planning is crucial for ensuring an efficient response at the time of a disaster. A Disaster
Management Plan focusing on hazard, risk, vulnerability and resource assessment in addition to
improving the level of response following a calamity, provides insights to link it with development
initiatives. Optimal utilization of scarce resources for rescue, relief and rehabilitation during times of
crisis is possible only with detailed planning and preparation. Keeping in view the nodal role of the
district administration in disaster management, preparation of District Disaster Management Plans
(DDMP) is imperative. The National Disaster Management Framework prepared by the Ministry of Home
2
Affairs also emphasized on preparation of District Disaster Management Plans (DDMP). The national
disaster management frame work envisages District Disaster Management Plans with the following
features1.
(i)
To be drawn up under the supervision of District Magistrate/Collector and to include
mitigation, preparedness and response.
(ii)
Emergency Support Functions by various Departments to be included.
(iii)
To be drawn up in consultation with all relevant Departments.
(iv)
District inventory of resources to be maintained.
1.1.2 Objectives and Methodology of Plan Development
The first step in preparation of District Disaster Management is to understand the vulnerability of the
district to various hazards, and to identify the areas vulnerable to these hazards, based on history and
seasonality of hazards and the physical features of the region. The capacity of the district to cope with the
threat or resist the impact of the hazard, in terms of the material and human resources, need to be
assessed. It is on the basis of this analysis that suitable strategies for prevention and mitigation of various
hazards will be proposed. Preparedness measures against possible hazards need to be taken up. The
District Disaster Management Plan (DDMP) should also include response and recovery plan for the
district. Thus the DDMP should give an outline of the measures to be taken up by various stakeholders,
before, during and after the disaster to reduce the possible impacts of the disaster event. The plan should
be practiced through mock drills. DDMP should also have provision for revising the plan on a regular
basis, based on inputs from mock drills conducted, or based on the performance during an actual disaster
event. Hazard specific management strategies should also be included in the plan.
1.2 District Profile
Introduction
IDUKKI District was formed on 26 January 1972 as per Government notification No
54131/C2/71/RD dated 24th January 1972. The district consists of Devikulam, Udumbanchola
and Peermedu taluks of the erstwhile Kottayam district and Thodupuzha taluk (excluding two
villages Manjallore and Kalloorkadu) of the erstwhile Ernakulam district. At the time of
3
formation the district headquarters started functioning at Kottayam and from there it was shifted
to Painavu in Thodupuzha taluk in June 1976, where it is proposed to build a new planned forest
township.
The district's name, 'Idukki' is supposed to be derived from the Malayalam word 'Idukku' which
means a narrow gorge. Periyar which is one of the largest rivers of Kerala, flowing through
Idukki gorge formed between the two high massive rocks called "Kuravan" and "Kurathi", is the
site of the gigantic Idukki arch dam.
1.2.1. Location
Located in the middle part of Kerala, the District is bound on the East by Madurai District of Tamil Nadu
State while on the West by Ernakulam and Kottayam Districts of Kerala. In the South it is the
Pathanamthitta District, while on the North it is bound by Trichur and Coimbatore Districts of Kerala and
Tamil Nadu States respectively. It lies between 9 degree 15' and 10 degree 21' of north latitude and 76
degree 37' and 77 degree 25' of east longitudes.With an area of 5,087 sq.km. Idukki ranks first among the
districts in the state in respect of area, forming 13 percent of the total area of the state. It extends by
115km. from south to north and 67km. from east to west.
1.2.2 District at a glance
Geographical area
-
5087 Sq Km
Taluks
-
4
Revenue village
-
64
Municipality
-
1
Township
-
1
C.D. Block
-
8
Panchayats
-
52
-
1128615
Population
2001 Census
4
Male
-
566182
Female
-
56439
Rural
-
107734
Urban
-
50881
Decaded Population
-
+6.76
Growth Rate (1981-91)
-
11%
Scheduled Caste
-
160000
Scheduled Tribes
-
62000
Residential Houses
-
265344
Density of Population
-
215/Sq Km
Literacy rate
-
93%
Male Literacy
-
94
Female Literacy
-
86
1.2.3 Administrative Divisions
The District has, for Administrative convenience, two Revenue Divisions at Idukki and Devikulam. There
are four Taluks and 64 Revenue Villages.
1.2.4 Demography
Geographical area
4358 Sp.Km
Taluks
4 nos
Revenue villages
64 nos
Muncipalities
1 nos
Development Blocks
8 nos
5
Panchayats
51 nos
Post office/Lakh Population
27.62 nos
Population & Literacy
1991 Census
2001 Census
Total Population
10.77 Lakhs
11,29,221 Nos
& nbsp Male
5.46 Lakhs
5,66,682 Nos
& nbsp Female
5.33 Lakhs
5,62,539 Nos
Density /Sq.Km
242
259
Sex Ratio /1000 Males
975
993
Growth Rate
1045
6.96
Child Population
1,34,177
& nbsp Male
98,155
& nbsp Female
66,022
Child Ratio /1000 Males
959
969
Scheduled Caste
1.57 Lakhs
1,59,362
Scheduled Tribe
0.50 Lakhs
50,973
House Holds
2.33 Lakhs
2,65,344
Literacy Rate – Total
86.98%
8,82,458 (88.69%)
& nbsp Male
90.82%
4,60,310
& nbsp Female
82.96%
4,22,148
Main Workers – Total
3.90 Lakhs
4,00,699
6
& nbsp Male
2.87 Lakhs
2,84,576
& nbsp Female
1.03 Lakhs
1,16,123
\Marginal Workers – Total
0.39 Lakhs
86,653
& nbsp Male
0.15 Lakhs
44,696
& nbsp Female
0.24 Lakhs
41,957
Work Participation Rate
39.71%
APL and BPL Card Holder Details.
Sl.No.
Taluk
APL
BPL
SC
ST
1
Thodupuzha
53405
15505
1307
2300
2
Peermade
29932
11617
2511
371
3
Devikulam
24242
7941
7061
1888
4
Udumbanchola 55960
25922
1506
404
TOTAL
60985
12385
4963
163539
Occupational Details
Sl.No.
Type of Workers
Total no.s
1
Total Workers
3,89,136
2
Cultivators
75,392
3
Agricultural labourers
86,030
4
Cottage and household industries
4,437
5
Other works
2,20,783
7
6
Marginal Workers
39,470
7
Non-workers
6,84,390
1.2.5 Population Density Map of Kerala
1.2.6
Geographical Particulars
Idukki has many unique topographical and geographical characteristics. Idukki is the largest
8
District of Kerala with an area of 5105.22 sq.km. About 97 percent of the total area of the
District is covered by rugged mountains and forests. There is only a strip of Middle land (3%) in
the western part of the district. Low land area is totally absent in the district. More than 50% of
the area of the district is covered by forest.
There are 14 peaks in the district which exceed a height of 2000 meters above M.S.L. They are
Anamala, Eravimala, Tathumala, Chenthavara, Kumarickal, Karimkulam, Devimala, Perumal,
Ghudoor, Kabhula, Devicolam, Anchanad, Sabarimala and Karimala. Anamudi (Anamala) the
highest peak south of Himalayas is in the Kuttampuzha Panchayat of Adimali Block and in the
K.D.H Village of Devikulam taluk. The estimated height of the peak is 2817 meters.
Rivers
The important rivers of the district are Periyar, Thodupuzhayar and Thalayar. Periyar which is
277km. long is the second longest river of Kerala. It originates from Sivagiri in the southeast part
of the district and touches all the taluks of the district. The Periyar is harnessed at various points
in its course for generating electricity and for irrigation purpose. Mullaperiyar dam, Idukki
Hydro-electric project, Idamalayar Hydro electric project and the proposed lower periyar are
constructed across the Periyar.
Kundala Dam, Mattupetty Dam, Munnar head works, ponmudi dam and the kallarkutty Dam are
constructed across the various tributaries of Periyar. There are a few natural lakes in the district.
They are Eravikulam and Devikulam lakes in Devikulam taluk, Elavizhapunchira, in
Thodupuzha taluk. Two types of the soil are found in the district. The highland area is covered by
forest soil(Alluvial soil) and the other parts by laterite soil.
1.2.7 Climate
The climate in the district undergoes a sudden variation as we go from West to East. The western
parts of the district comprising midland area experiences moderate climate, temperature varying
between 21degree C to 27degreeC with minimum seasonal variation.
The eastern parts of the district located in the highland have a comparatively cold climate with
temperature varying between minus 1 degree C to 15 degree C in November/January and 5
degree C to 15 degree C during March/April.
9
The district receives plenty of rains from both the South- West monsoon during June-August and
the North- East monsoon during October - November. The normal rainfall is 3265 mm. As
common to other parts of the state, the Idukki district also experiences both the south-west
monsoon (Edavappathy) and North-East Monsoon (Thulavarsham) during June-July and October
-November respectively. The former is more predominant with June experiencing the maximum
rainfall.
Rainfall Details of the year 2009
Year
Jan
2009 18.4
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
29.3
13.3
215.1 89.9
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
711.3 1025.1 478.8 616.7 369.5 120
Dec
142.9
Wind Speed Details
Ramakkalmedu
30.04 Km/h
Panchalimedu
20.06 Km/h
Koalahalamedu
18.04 Km/h
Agriculture
This District has the agro-climatic conditions suitable for the cultivation of plantation crops like
tea, coffee, rubber, coconut, cardamom, pepper, etc. The District acquired 2nd place in the state
in agriculture produces. Small and marginal farmers are predominant in the district.
This District, a creation of God's natural beauty, has Tea Gardens in the north while major hilly
areas have Cardamom plantation. Hilly terrain, lack of proper irrigation facilities and
accessibility, forest cover and topography in general make a major portion of the available land
unsuitable for cultivation. Even then agriculture and animal husbandry are the main occupation
of the people. The district is famous for production of spices like pepper and cardamom. Rubber,
Coffee and Coconut are the other important crops in the district. More than 80 per cent of the
cropped area is under perennial crops. The district is declared as a `Spices District` and a
'Technology Mission' has been set up for the development of spices.
10
The major crops grown and the area and production under these crops are furnished here under
Crop
Area(Ha)
% of total
cropped area
Production (Tones)
Cardamom
55174
27.23
2935
Pepper
34759
17.15
14096
Rubber
34595
17.07
24479
Tea
23557
11.62
46697
Coconut
14864
7.33
63 million numbers
Coffee
10834
5.34
3990
Tapioca
6490
3.20
185688
Paddy
5078
2.50
10953
Jackfruit
3188
1.57
15978(000's)
Sugarcane
2768
1.30
17964
Banana & other plants
2082
1.01
20878
Areca nut
1558
0.77
479 million numbers
Ginger
1551
0.77
5734
Lemon Grass
1476
0.73
99
Cocoa
1418
0.70
619
Mango
1426
0.70
2354
Cashew
848
0.42
555
Papaya
379
0.19
758
Pineapple
188
0.09
1932
11
Turmeric
192
0.09
454
Tamarind
168
0.08
319
Seas mum
146
0.07
42
1.2.8 Road Network of Idukki district
1.2.9 Dams
General
Idukki
Cheruthony
Kulamave
Kallar
Erattayar
District
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
River
Periyar
Cheruthony
Perijankutty
PErijankutty
Latitude
9 40N&952'NL
9 59'48N
9 48'5'NL
9 49'30'NL
9 48'35'NL
Longitude
76 53,E & 77 51'E 76 58'E
76 53'E
77 9'20”E
77 6'20”E
12
Catchment area
650Km2
Capacity
70500Mcft
General
Panniyar HEP
1996.3 Mm3
1996.3 Mm3
187Km2
67Km2
0.793 Mcum
5.352 Mcum
Pallivasal HEP
Anayirankal
Ponmudy
Kundala
MAdupetty
District
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
River
Panniyar
Panniyar
Palar
Palar
Catchment area
65.68Sp Km
220.51 SqKm
38.83Sq.Km
105SqKm
Capacity
49.84Mm3
51.54Mm3
7.65Mm3
55.22Mm3
General
Sengulam HEP
Neriyamangalam HEP Lower Periyar HEP
District
Idukki
Idukki
Idukki
Reservoir Name
Sengulam
Kallarkutty
Lower Periyar
River
Tributary of Kallar
Muthirapuzha
Periyar
Catchment area
5.18 Sp Km
81.6 SqKm
181.3 SqKm
Capacity
0.71 Mm3
230 Mcft
5.3 Mm3
Malankara Dam at Muttom
River
Todupuzha
Location
At Muttom
Catchment area
153.50 SqKm
Capacity
42 Mm3
13
MULLAPERIYAR DAM
Age
114 years
Catchment area
232.80 Sq Km
Capacity at 136 ft level
11210 Mcft
14
Chapter 2
Resource Inventory and Capacity Analysis
1. Public Distribution System
The district has enough public distribution system and when disasters strike we have enough storage
capacity in various parts of the district. The details of the ware houses in the district are given below.
1.1 Storage Godown & Public distribution System
a. Number of Storage Godowns
Total
: 17
Udumbachola
:5
Thodupuzha
:6
Devikulam
:3
Peermadu
:3
b. Number of Storage Godowns (govt.)
:1
c. Number of whole sale oil dealers
: 46
d. Number of Retail Outlets
: 690
Retail Outlets
Sl.No. Taluk
ARD’s
Incharge
Tel.No.
1
190
Taluk Supply Officer
04862 222515
Thodupuzha
9447066528
2
Peermade
128
04869 232066
9447822877
15
3
Devikulam
114
04865 264224
9446129624
4
Udumbanchola
258
04868 232047
9496994304
Devikula
m
Thodupuzha
Udumbachola
Taluk
Sl. Name & Address
No
Location
Storage Linked to FCI
Capacity
in MTs
1
M.S.V.Thankkayya & Sons,
Nedumkandam
Nedumkandam
76
FCI Arakulam
2
Lilly Scaria
Vanddanmedu
48
FCI Arakulam
3
Francis Vadakkel, Bisionvalley
Chinakkanal
29
FCI Arakulam
4
Lily Scaria, Punnachalil, Ponmudy
Kattappana
90
FCI Arakulam
5
R.Manojkumar,M/s VRN Associates,
Ponmudy
Konnathady
53
FCI Arakulam
1
C.M Thomas, St.MArtin Agencies,
Arakulam
Arakulam
100
FCI Arakulam
2
C.M Thomas, St.MArtin Agencies,
Arakulam
Karimannoor
140
FCI Arakulam
3
A.G.Sasikumar, Arakkal, Keerikode,
thodupuzha
Thadiyampadu
130
FCI Arakulam
4
P.Gopalkrishnannair, Thodupuzha
ThodupuzhaManakkad Jn.
140
FCI Arakulam
5
K.A Elias, Kunnumpurathu, Edavetty
Kanjiramattom 130
Jn, Thodupuzha
FCI Arakulam
6
K.Mini mol, Thazavachalil,
Puthupariyaram
Thodupuzha
120
FCI Arakulam
1
K.V.MAdhu, M/s Hygens Wholesale,
Adimaly
Adimaly
76
FCI Aangamali
2
K.U.Sudheer, M/s Munnar Store, Munnar Opp.KSRTC
stand, Munnar
76
FCI Aangamali
16
Peermadu
2.
3
George Thomas, M/s Sam & Co. Munnar Munnar
140
FCI Aangamali
1
P.K.Rammohan, Perumballil,
Thodupuzha
Kuttikanam
400
FCI Arakulam
2
\V.P.NAsim, Nirmalyam, Vallakadavu
Vandiperiyar
400
FCI Arakulam
3
KSCS Corporation, Peermadu (Supplyco) Kuttikanam
350
FCI Arakulam
Total
2498
FCI Arakulam
Law and Order
The law and Order maintains the law and protects the property and valuable commodities. It mainly
responsible to control crowd and avoid riots situations.
Nodal Agency :
District Police
Nodal Officer
Name
Phone No
Mobile
Superintendent of Police
Sri.P.K.Kuttappai IAS
04862 232354
9497996981
Dy.Sp Administration
Sri. P.K Krishnankutty
04862 232354
9745769382
Dy.Sp Spl.Branch
Sri.Vijayan
04862 232356
3497990054
Dy.Sp SP DCRB
Sri Ratheesh Krishnan
04862 232343
9497990055
Dy.Sp Crime
Sri. K.U Kurien
04862 232229
9497990056
Dy.SP Vigilence
Sri.K.V.Joseph
04862 222727
Asst.Director IB
Sri.George Mathew
04862 2322238
Dy.SP Thodupuzha
Sri.K.G.Simon
04862 227472
9497990059
Dy.SP Munnar
Sri.P V Chacko
04865 230382
9497990060
Dy.SP Kattapana
Sri. K C Thomas
04868 232090
9497990058
17
2.1 List of Police stations in the District
Sl.No Police Station
Phone No.
Mobile No. of
Charge Officer
1
Thodupuzha
04862-222494
9497980390
2
Karimkunnam
04862-242336
9497980371
3
Kaliyar
04862-245334
9497980366
4
Karimannoor
04862-262434
9497980370
5
Kanjar
04862-252034
9497980367
6
Kulamave
04862-259904
9497980362
7
Idukki
04862-235229
9497980364
8
Murikaserry
04862-263250
9497980379
9
Kanjikuzhy
04862-239280
9497980368
10
Karimanal
04862
9497980369
11
Munnar
04865-230321
9497980378
12
Marayoor
04865-252210
9497980377
13
Devikulam
04865-264225
9497980363
14
Santhanpara
04868-247211
9497980385
15
Adimaly
04864-222145
9497980361
16
Rajakkad
04868-242325
9497980384
17
Vellathooval
04864-276254
9497980389
18
18
Kattapana
04868-272263
9497980372
19
Vandanmedu
04862-277050
9497980387
20
Nedumkandam
04868-232045
9497980380
21
Cumbummettu
04868-279250
9497980374
22
Kumily
04869-222049
9497980375
23
Vandiperiyar
04869-252244
9497980388
24
Peerumedu
04869-232085
9497980381
25
Peruvanthanam
04869-280347
9497980383
26
Upputhara
04869-244315
9497980386
3. Search and Rescue
Search and Rescue Operations are one of the primary activities taken up in a post disaster situation.
Nodal Agency :
Fire and Rescue Services
Sl.N Name of fire Stations
o
Equipments available in Man power
the Fire Stations
1
MTU-1
Station Officer-1
Jeep-1
Asst. Station
Officer-1
Chain Saw-1
Leading Fireman3
Aska Emergency Lamp-1
Fireman Driver-2
Hydraulic Equipments-1
Fireman-7
Kattappana
19
Incharge
Station Officer
Tel. No.
04868 232300
2
Thodupuzha
Float pump-1
UDC-1
Stretcher- 1
LDC-1
Life Buoy -2
LDT-1
Life Jacket-3
PTS-1
MTU-1
Station Officer-1
Jeep-1
Asst. Station
Officer-1
Water Lorry-1
Leading Fireman3
Chain Saw-1
Driver Mechanic1
Portable Pump-2
Fireman Driver-6
B.A.Set-2
Fireman-11
Power Cutter-1
UDC-1
Station Officer
04862-222911
PTS-1
3
Munnar
MTU-1
Station Officer-1 Station Officer
Chain Saw-2
Asst. Station
Officer-1
Portable Pump-2
Leading Fireman3
B.A.Set-2
Fireman Driver-3
Power Cutter-1
Fireman-10
LDC-1
20
04865-230290
PTS-1
4
Idukki
MTU-1
Asst. Station
Officer-1
Ambulance-1
Leading Fireman2
Hydraulic rescue tools-1
set
Driver Mechanic1
Hydraulic Heavy Cutter-1
Fireman Driver-4
Hydraulic Q Cutter-1
Fireman-6
Asst. Station Officer
04862-236100
Hydraulic High Pressure
Tube-2
Hydraulic Foot pump-1
B.A. Set-1
Rubber Dinky-1
Life Buoy -2
Life Jacket -2
Stretcher-1
Chain Saw-1
Navy
-
Thr Flag Officer , Command in Chief HQ, southern Naval Command
Naval Base Kochi-682004
Phone: 0484 2872351
Proposal was submitted to Govt for starting NDRF Unit in Idukki District. Proposed site is at Painave.
Buildings and quarters available for office functioning.
21
4. Health Institutions
The ESF on Medical response and Trauma Counseling will took after emergency treatment for
the injured people immediate after the disaster take place.
Officer in Charge
District
Name
Medical Dr. K P Ammini
Phone Number/Fax
Mobile
48620233030
9495383418
Officer (Health)
4.1 Health Infrastructure in Idukki District
Sl.No.
Medical Institutions
Total Beds
Tel. No.
1
District Hospital Idukki
130
04862
232444.232474
dhidukki@gmail.com
2
THQH Thodupuzha
144
04862 222630
54
04869 232224,
66
04864 222670
106
04868 232650
6
04862 273424
0
04868 241529
supdtthqhtdpa@gmail.com
3
THQH Peermade
thqhpeermade@yahoo.in
4
THQH Adimali
chcadimali@yahoo.com
5
THQH Nedumkandom
supdtchc@yahoo.com
6
CHC Purapuzha
chcpurapuzha@gmail.com
7
CHC Rajakkad
22
mochcrajakad@gmail.com
8
CHC Vandiperiyar
16
04869 253456
30
04869 244019
24
04868 260500
24
04862 206040
chcvandiperiyar@gmail.com
9
CHC Upputhara
chcupputhara@gmail.com
10
CHC Vathikudy
phcvathikudy@gmail.com
11
CHC Kanjikuzhy
12
CHC Karunapuram
13
04868 279055
mophckarunapuram@gmail.com
0
CHC Kattappana
30
04868 251711
24
04862 255028
24
04865 263252
24
04862 275225
44
04862 273424
phckattappana@gmail.com
14
CHC Muttom
phcmuttom@yahoo.in
15
CHC Chithirapuram
phc.chithirapuram@yahoo.in
16
CHC Elamdesom
phcelamdesom@gmail.com
17
CHC Vandanmedu
chcpurapuzha@gmail.com
18
BPHC Pampadumpara
04868 232285
23
phcbpampadumpara@gmail.com
4.2 Primary Health Centers.
Sl.
Name of PHC
Tel.No
Email
1
PHC,Alakode
04862 -275151
phc.alakod@gmail.com
2
PHC, Arakulam
04862-253399
arakulamphc@gmail.com
3
PHC, Edavetty
04862-211110
phcedavetty@gmail.com
4
PHC,
Karimannoor
04862-261230
phckarimannoor@gmail.com
5
PHC,
Kodikulam
04862-265123
phckodikulam@yahoo.com
6
PHC,
Kudayathoor
04862-253255
mophckudayathoor@gmail.com
7
PHC, Poomala
04862-282500
phcpoomala@gmail.com
8
PHC, Poochapra
04862-283028
phcpoochapra@gmail.com
9
PHC,
Thattakuzha
04862-272267
phcthattakuzha@ymail.com
10
PHC,
Karimkunnam
04862-243310
phckarimkunnam@gmail.com
11
PHC,
Kumaramangla
m
04862-200889
phckumaramangalam@gmail.com
12
PHC, Manakkad
04862-202009
phcmanakad@gmail.com
13
PHC,
Bisonvalley
04865-285819
14
PHC,
Chinnakkanal
04868-249406
No
phcchinnakanal@gmail.com
24
15
PHC,
Rajakumari
04868-246019
phcrky@gmail.com
16
PHC,
Santhanpara
04868-247747
medicaloffice747@gmail.com
17
PHC, Senapathy
04868-244390
mosenapathy@rediffmail.com
18
PHC,
Vazhathope
04862-235186
vazhathopephcy@rediffmail.com
19
PHC,
Vannapuram
04862-247787
phcvpm@gmail.com
20
PHC, Elappara
04869-242556
phcelappara@gmail.com
21
PHC, Kokkayar
04869-210963
phckokkayar@gmail.com
22
PHC, Kumily
04869-222978
kumilyphc@gmail.com
23
PHC,
Peruvanthanam
04869-210910
phcperuvanthanam@gmail.com
24
PHC,
Devikulam
04865-264353
phcdvkm@gmail.com
25
PHC, Deviyar
Colony
04864-272601
mophcdvcy@gmail.com
26
PHC, Kallar
Vattayar
04864-278718
27
PHC,
Kanthalloor
04865-246487
phckanthalloor@gmail.com
28
PHC,
Konnathady
04868-262560
phckonnathady@gmail.com
29
PHC, Mankulam 04864-218906
30
PHC, Marayoor
04865-252372
chcmarayoor@gmail.com
31
PHC,
Vellathooval
04864-277167
ohcvellathooval@gmail.com
32
PHC, Vattavada
04865-214431
25
33
PHC,
Ayyappankovil
04869-244742
phcayyappa2009@yahoo.in
34
PHC,
Chakkupallam
04868-284670
phcchakkupallam@gmail.com
35
PHC,
Chempakappara
04868-225802
phcchempakappara@gmail.com
36
PHC, Kanchiyar
04868-271810
phckanchiyar@gmail.com
37
PHC, Kamakshy
04868-213297
kamakshyphc@yahoo.com
38
PHC,
Mariyapuram
04862-236851
phcmariyapuram@gmail.com
39
PHC, K.P
Colony
04868-221504
phckallar@gmail.com
40
PHC,
Udumbanchola
04868-237045
phcudumbanchola@gmail.com
4.3 Ayurveda
In Idukki district around 39 hospitals are working in the Govt. sector
Details of Ayurvedic health system
Infrastructure
Numbers
Govt.Hospital
39
Beds
160
Govt.Dispenseries
34
Govt.Sidha Vaidya Dispensary
1 Mannanchery
26
Officer Incharge
Name and Address
Phone No. Office
District Medical Officer
(Ayurveda)
Dr.P K Jayalakshmi DMO
(Ayurveda) Idukki
04862 232318
4.4 Homeopathy
In Idukki District there are 33 Homeo Dispensaries and 2 Homeo hospitals .6 dispensaries working under
the scheme of NRHM and 15 new dispensaries will be opened soon.
Officer Incharge
Mane and Address
Phone No. Office
District Medical
Officer (Homeo)
Dr.M N VijayambikaDMO
(Homeo) Idukki
04862 227326
4.5 List of Ambulance
Sl.No.
Hospital
Tele. No
1
G H Munnar
04865 230361
2
Taluk hospital Adimaly
04864 222670
3
Marayoor GP
04865 252279
4
Morning Star Hospital Adimaly
04864 222154
5
HMTA Murickassery
9447988876
6
Alphonsa Hospital Murickassery
9446944906
7
Karuna Hospital Nedumkandom
04868 232055
8
Medical Trust Nedumkandom
04868 232057
9
St. John's Kattappana
04868 273230
27
10
KVVS Anakara
9447875988
11
District Hospital Idukki
04862 232444
12
NRHM Idukki
04862 233148
13
Archana Hospital Vannappuram
04862 233149
14
St. Mary's Hospital karimannoor
04862 262304
15
Devamatha Ambulance Service
9447207692
Kalayanthani
16
Bishop vayalin Hospital Moolamattom
04862 252305
17
Thodupuzha Municipality
04862 222711
18
Deenadaya Trust Thodupuzha
04862
227145
9447200632
19
Sneha deepam Thodupuzha
04862 224356
20
Holy Family Hospital Thodupuzha
04862 222231 222234
21
Chazhikatte Hospital Thodupuzha
04862 222445
5. Transportation - Public Works, Equipment Support, Debris and Road Clearance
The importance of this ESF emanates from the fact that most large scale hazards such as
earthquakes ,cyclone flood primarily affect the building structure.
Exe. Engineer Idukki painave
-
04862 232353
Asst. Executive Engineer
Munnar -
04865 230237
Painave -
04862 232353
28
Peermadu
-
04869 232034
Nedumkandom 04868 232283
5.1 Helipad available in the District
Sl.No. Name of the Helipad
Location
Whether any high Authority
tension
exist
supply contacting No.
near
the
ground
1
Boy's High School Ground 90 53' 54.2''N
760 43' 16.9” E
Thodupuzha
2
New Man College Ground 90 53' 48.8''N
N S S High School Ground 90 54' 06.3''N
4
5
Govt.
Polytechnic
Yes
Ground 90 50' 29.2''N
Muttom
760 44' 15.4” E
Helipad at Arakulam
90 47' 01.9''N
KSEB
9496009360
Yes
760 41' 28.9” E
Manakade
KSEB
9496009360
760 43' 35.1” E
Thodupuzha
3
Yes
KSEB
9496009350
Yes
KSEB
9496009350
No
760 51' 04.7” E
6
Golf Club Kundala Munnar
100 08' 46.5” N
No
770 13' 01.3” E
7
Tata High range Club Munnar 100 04' 11.9” N
No
0
77 3' 53.7” E
8
Tata Sports Ground Munnar
100 04' 33.6” N
No
770 03' 49.0” E
9
Grama Panchayat Staduium 90 45' 02.1” N
Kattappana
10
Govt
College
Yes
770 07' 06.5” E
Ground 90 45' 34.7” N
29
KSEB
9496009299
Yes
KSEB
&
770 06' 25.2” E
Kattappana
5.2 Earth moving/road cleaning equipments
List JCBs Available
Sl.No
Vehicle Regd No.
Owner
1
KL-01-W-9536
Chandrbose Thannipparayil Kallimali
rajakade P O
2
KL-02-P-249
Thangaraj, veterinary quarters Mara, Idukki
3
KL-02-W-7098
Narayanan, Thoppil, Koompanpara, Adimali
30
9496009299
4
KL-06-C-A-5791
Varghese Koshi,Panjikattil House
Kattappana
5
KL-06-C-223
Shine T Joseph,Thodukayil, Konnakkamali
6
KL-06-C-243
Sunil Chummar, Vettichal House
Upputhodu
5.3 Evacuation
The Esf Evacuation is primarily responsible for establishing plans identification of faster
evacuation routes and alternate routes and coordinating evacuation logistics during field operation.
Nodal Agency
District Collector
:
Revenue Department
04862 233103 04862 233001
mob: 9447032252
Fax 04862 233101
Additional District Magistrate
04862 233056 9446303036
RDO Idukki
04862 232231 9447184231
RDO Devikulam
04865264222 9447026452
Tahsildar Devikulam
04865 264231 9447026414
TahsildarPeerumade
04869 232077 9447023597
Tahsildar Thodupuzha
04862 222503 94470029503
Tahsildar Udumbanchola
04868 232050 9447023809
5.4 Relief
31
In the event of a disaster there would be a need of disbursing relief materials due to massive
destruction of life and property taken place. The ESF on relief should ensure coordination of activities
involving with emergency provision of temporary shelters. Emergency mass feeding and bulk distribution
of relief supplies to the disaster victims as also the disaster managers and relief workers.
Nodal Agency
:
District Administration
Nodal Agency
-
District Administration
District Collector
-
04862 233103 04862 232242
Fax
-
04862 233101
04862 233056 9446303036
RDO Idukki
04862 232231 9447184231
RDO Devikulam
04865264222 9447026452
5.5 Shelter
The purpose of ESF on Shelter to met the physical needs of individual‟s families and
commodities for safe secure and comfortable living space. The ESF should also be able to meet primary
social needs of incorporating self management in the process.
NODAL AGENCY: REVENUE
6. Water Supply
The ESF on drinking water and water supply will ensure provision of basic quantity of clean
drinking water and water purpose in a manner that does not allow the spread of disease through the
contamination of water.
EE KWA Thodupuzha
04862 222914
EE KWA Kattappana
04868 250101
Asst. Exe. Engineer Painave
04862 232388
32
7. Electricity
The ESF on electricity will facilitate restoration of electricity distribution system after a disaster.
In the event of a disaster there would be major electricity failure and many power stations damaged.
Nodal Agency
:
KSEB
Deputy Engineer Ele. Circle Thodupuzha
04862 222377
EE generation Circle Chithirapuram
04865 263226
EE Generation Division Moolamattom
04862 252026
Asst. Exe. Engineer Thodupuzha
04862 222550
Painave
04862 232327
Kattappana
04868 272264
Kattappana Div
04868 272448
Chithirapuram
04865 263327
Rajakumary
04868 244040
Peermadu
04869232037
Superintending Engineer
Moolamattom
04862 252053
pallivasal
04865 263225
sengulam
04864 276226
Generation Circle
Chief Engineer Moolamattom
Deputy Chief Engineer Moolamattom
04862 252511
04862 252029
33
Circuit House Moolamattom
04862 252050
Asst. Director Research and Dam Safety Div. Idukki
04862 235221
8. Communication and Information Dissemination
Nodal Agency: Public Relation Department
Public Information Officer
:
04862 233036
HAM Radio Operators
Sl.No.
Name of the Operator
Tel. No.
1
K.N.Gopinathan, BIBINI, KArimannoor P.O
04862 225589, 9744909722
2
A.P.Antony, elanjikal, Moolamattom
04862 252528, 9446801015
3
Shaju
Mathew,
Manajappillil,
Perumppallichira 04862 248847, 944683946
Thodupuzha
4
Tijo Joseph, Maliyekal, Karikode, Thodupuzha
04862 224404
5
T. K Omankuttan, Puthiyaparambil, Karimannoor
04862 262504, 9446034504
6
Shambo Cheruthony
9447251699
7
Felix Cheruthony
9495216960
8
Manoj Cheruthony
9447214419
9
Mathew Kattappana
04868 272608, 9447395153
10
Gopi Erattayar
04868 276312, 9446935118
11
Francis Cheruthony
04868 273340 9446689214
34
Non Governmental Organizations
Sl.No.
Name of the NGO
Tel.No
1
Red cross Idukki
9447522137
2
Hope Charitable Trust Idukki
9447050076
3
YMCA Moolamattom
9446822877,
9447393347
4
Vincent De Paul Society Moolamattom
04862 252071
5
Minerva Club, Alakode
9747044742
6
Red Cross, Thodupuzha
04862 222407
7
Nehru Yuva Kendra, Thodupuzha
04862 222670
8
Red Cross Nedunkandam
9495187369
35
Chapter 3
HAZARD ANALYSIS
Introduction
A methodology to determine nature and extent of risk analyzing potential hazards and evaluating
existing conditions of vulnerability that could pose a potential threat or harm to people, property,
livelihoods and the environment on which they depend.
The process of conducting a risk assessment is based on a review of both the technical features
of hazards such as their location, intensity, frequency and probability and also the analysis of the
physical, social, economic and environmental dimensions of vulnerability and exposure while
taking particular account of the coping capabilities pertinent to the risk scenarios.
Hazard map are useful tools for depicting the results of hazard assessments. This map should
depict the threat and vulnerable structures/populations from particular types of hazards, such as
those from earthquakes, flooding, dam failure and radioactive releases.
3.1 Water and climate Related disasters
3.1.1 Floods and Drainage Management
Flash flood occurs during South West Monsoon during every year in Idukki District. Flash flood prone
areas in Idukki District are low range of the district and Vandiperiyar town. Flash flood occurs in these
areas due to continuous heavy rain occurs every monsoon season.
3.1.2 Thunder and Lightning
Lightning has become a major cause of concern as far as loss of life and property is concerned.
In addition to causality to people, incidence of damage to property, mortality to cattle etc is
numerous. Most of the damage to property goes unreported. The number of lightning strikes to
overhead cable networks like power, telephone, television cable and the like are higher because
of the larger probability of incidences to such networks spread over a wide area. Many times
lightning affects the communication system. Agricultural loss due to loss of trees is also
reported. Most lightning deaths and injuries occur when people are caught outdoors in the
months of April – May and October –November, during the afternoon and in the evenings.
36
Multihazard Zonation Map of Idukki
37
3.1.3 Drought:
Drought is an insidious natural hazard that results from the departure of precipitation from
expected or normal that, when a season or longer period of time extended over, is insufficient to meet the
demands of human, plant and animal activities. Drought is a slow onset disaster. Several parts of Kerala
face drought from time to time. Kerala gets 68% of its rainfall during southwest monsoon and 17% during
north east monsoon and remaining 15% as summer rains. A deviation in the rainfall pattern leads to
drought situation in the state.
3.2 Geologically Related Disasters
3.2.1. Earthquakes:
An Earthquake is a series of underground shock waves and movements on the earth‟s surface caused by
natural processes within the earth‟s crust. Earthquake is a sudden onset hazard. They occur any time of
the year, day or night, with sudden impact and without any warning sign. Extensive research has been
conducted in recent decades, but there is no accepted method of earthquake prediction as on date.
Earthquake hazards can be categorized as either direct hazards or indirect hazards. The direct hazards are
ground shaking, differential ground settlement, soil liquefaction, immediate landslides or mud slides,
ground lurching and avalanches, permanent ground displacement along faults, floods from tsunamis or
seiches. The indirect hazards include dam failures, pollution from damage to industrial plants, delayed
landslides etc.
The details of earthquakes in Idukki District and nearby vicinity from 1900s onwards are given in Table
3.1
Table 3.1: Earthquakes in Idukki District and nearby vicinity from 1900s onwards
Date
Location
Remarks
07 June 1988
Kalar-Idukki area,
Three events recorded, largest magnitude Ms 4.5
Kerala
12 Dec 2000
07 Jan 2001
Idukki-Kottayam area,
Local magnitude (ML) of 5.0, felt strongly in Kochi,
Kerala
Idukki, Kottayam, Alapuzha and Ernakulam
Idukki-Kottayam area,
Felt throughout southern Kerala and adjoining parts of
Kerala
Tamil Nadu, local magnitude (ML) of 4.8
38
CONTROLL ROOM
Control rooms will be Open at Collectorate and Taluk Offices Thodupuzha, Devikulam, Udumbanchola
and Peerumade.Warning will given to public through media, Loudspeakers etc.
Emergency support Functions
LAW& ORDER
- District Police
SEARCH& RESCUE
- Fire&Recue Service ,Kattappana,Idukki,Thodupuzha and
Munnar , District Police, Revenue Department and Navy
EVACUATION
Revenue, District Police and Fire & Rescue Services
MEDICAL RESPONSE
District Medical Officer Idukki
PUBLIC WORKS AND ROAD CLEARANCE
- PWD Idukki, Thodupuzha, Nedumkandom, Munnar and
Peerumade
SHELTER
- District Administration,Municipality Thodupuzha, Deputy
Director of Panchayat Thodupuzha, Deputy Director of Education Thodupuzha and NGOs.
WATER SUPPLY
- KWA, Thodupuzha, Kattappana, Painave and Peermadu
,Revenue Department and concerned Grama Panchayat/Municipality
CATTLE RESOURCE RECOVERY AND CARE
- District Officer , Animal Husbandry Thodupuzha
RELIEF FOOD
- District Supply Officer Idukki, Painave
ELECTRICITY
-KSEB, IDUKKI
3.2.2 Land slide/ Mud flow/ Debris flow
Landslides are slippery masses of rock, earth or debris which move by force of their own weight down
mountain slopes or river banks. Though they occur gradually, however sudden failure can occur without
warning. They may take place in combination with earthquakes, floods and volcanoes. There are no
clearly established warnings in place indicating occurrence of landslide and hence difficult to predict the
actual occurrence. Areas with high risk can be determined by use of information on geology, hydrology,
vegetation cover, past occurrence and consequences in the region.
39
1. Convening a meeting of District Level Committee on Natural Calamities.
2. Control Rooms – start at Collectorate and 4 Taluk Head Quarters on 1st June every year.
3. Rain recording at all the Taluk Head Quarters.
4. Health Measure, Veterinary measures and selection of flood shelters.
5. Early Warning System – warning will give to public through media and loud speakers.
ARRANGEMENTS AFTER LANDSLIDES
1. Organizing shelters- Revenue,
2. Organizing Relief Camps-Revenue, Education department
3. Provision of basic amenities like drinking water, sanitation and public health care and
arrangements of cooked food in relief camps- Revenue ,Health and Local Self Government
4. Grant of Emergency relief to all the affected people – Revenue Department Rehabilitation of
homeless
5. Commencement of agricultural activities
6. Repairs of damaged roads and bridges
3.2.3 Dam Bursts
Introduction
Idukki has large number of big and small dams. There are almost 14dams are in the district and some of it
has more than 100 years of age. When constructing a dam we should consider environment and ecology
because it is most crucial factor. In our district at the time of constructing many old dams there is no
detailed study were conducted. The apt instance for this is Mullaperiyar dam.
Mulla Periyar Dam
The Mulla periyar dam was constructed across the river Periyar in 1895 by the Madras Presidency for
supply of Irrigation water to the plains of the Madras presidency under an agreement with Maharaja of
Travancore. The dam had been constructed with “lime surki mortar” and was designed to hold a full
reservoir level (FRL) of 152 feet for providing water to the parched plains of Tamil Nadu below through a
tunnel from Thekkady.
The catchment area at the site is 624 Sq.km which lies between latitude 90 15‟50”N - 90 40‟00”N and
longitude 770 07‟10”E - 770 25‟00”E.
40
Length
: 1200 ft (365.76
m)
Height
: 155 ft (47.24m)
Storage Capacity
: 443.23 mcm
Construction began
: 1887
Opening date
: 1895
In 1979 the government is insisted to maintain the water level of dam upto 136feet. The water level of
136 feet encompossess a total of 20.55 sq.km. If the water level is increased from 136 – 152 feet and area
of 5.68 sq.km would be sub merged.
Catchment Area Map
41
Location Map of Mulla periyar
Water level map of Mulla Periyar Dam
42
Impact on Human lives and livelihood
The Vandipeiryar in Idukki district is the first human inhabited area situated in the downstream of
Mullaperiyar dam. Usually people living downstream are frightened with the rise in water level in
Mullaperiyar lake. They strongly believe that it is a living threat to their life and property.
3.3 Accident Related Disasters
3.3.1 Wild Fire
Forests faces many hazards but the most common hazard is forest fire. During summer when there is no
rain for months the forests become littered with dry senescent leaves and twiges which could burst into
flames ignited by the slightest spark.
Vulnerable area.
Sl.No.
Divison
Vulnerable areas
1
Marayoor Division
Theerthamal reserve, Koodakkatte reserve,SR-51,reserve, Vannanthura
Sandal reserve,Karsanade,Chanalmede, VSR-1,VSR-2 and Missionvayal,
2
Munnar Division
Kaithachal in Malayattoor reserve, Thattekkanni, Choorakettan,Adit,
Puthukudy, Kadakalle-Adimaly Range
Nagamal,Kuttiyar, Kacheriland, Kablock, Plantations,Upper santose, Old
Devikulam- Devikulam Range
Kuttiyarvally, Maniyanpara, Cheeyapara, Nagarampara, Kuthupara, Valara,
Villanchira, Muniyarachal, Adit IV, Varatumudy – Neriyamangalam Range
Anamudy, Edamalakudy, Pambanmala, Vayalkadavukudy- Munnar Range
43
3.3.2 History of Fire Occurrence
Sl.N Division
o.
Range
Locality
1
Perilya east
Vallakkadavu
2
Periyar east
3
4
Affected
area(in
Hecter)
Nature of
damage
Loss if any
Thondiyar sec. 18 Ha
Grass land
Nil
Vallakkadavu
Dam site
7 Ha
Grass land
Nil
Periyar east
Vallakkadavu
Thondiyar
sec/Watch
tower
6 Ha
Grass land
Nil
Periyar east
Vallakkadavu
Vallakkadavu 130 HA
sec,
Manamuttyme
du
Grass land
Nil
5
Adimaly
Tattekkanan
Sec, Ponmudi
Dam site
6
Devikulam
Chinnakanal,
Kolukkumala,
Kacheriland
7
Neriyamanagal Cheeyappara,
am
Kampilaine,
8
Munnar
9
Theerthamala,
Karsanadu,
Chanelmedu,
VSR 1, Mission
vayal
Pampan mala
51 Ha
4.3.3. Road Accidents
Studies on road accidents world over have shown that human factor is responsible for a majority
of accidents. In India vehicle users are the causative factor, in 70% of the road accidents. Pedestrians are
responsible for 4.1% of the road accidents and poor condition of the roads account for about 0.4% of the
accidents.
Accident prone area
1. Valanjakanam-KK Road-NH 220
44
2. Vengalloor,Olamattom-Thodupuzha
3. 10th mile-NH 49-Adimaly
3.4 Biologically Related Disasters
3.4.1 Pest Attacks
A pest may be defined as any animal or plant causing harm or damage to people, their animals, crops and
possessions, these lead to loss of crop yield or quantity, resulting in loss to the farmer and reduced stocks
for subsistence or export.
The major pest problems, in the district are
Mite in coconut- Throughout the year, all blocks of the district affected by this problem. As per the
statistics provided by Agriculture department about 25650 Ha of cropped area is affected and the total
loss in Agricultural sector is 20 %.
Yellowing of coconut: all blocks of the district are affected throughout the year. About 10000 Ha of
cropped area has been affected by the problem, according to data from Agriculture department. The total
loss in Agricultural sector is 50 %.
3.4.2 Epidemics
An epidemic is defined as
1. An unusual increase in the number of cases of an infectious disease, which already exists in the
region or population concerned.
2. The appearance of a significant number of cases of an infectious disease introduced in a region
or population that is usually free from that disease.
Dengue fever, Weils disease, typhoid, malaria and cholera have been reported from many parts of the
state.
Japan encephalitis, Jaundice, Chicken pox etc also found several parts of the district seasonally.
45
3.4.3 Cattle epidemics
Sporadic incidences of mouth and foot disease and anthrax are reported from many parts of the
state, especially from Kannur, Kollam and Idukki districts.
4.6 Seasonality of Hazards
Hazards
Months
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Earthquake
Landslides
Flood
Cyclone
Wild Fires
Epidemics
Road/water
related
accidents
Drought
Dam bursts
46
Chapter 4
Vulnerability Analysis
4.1. Introduction
Natural and man-made hazards continue to occur in our life and if not properly managed hazards tend to
become disasters. To avoid hazards turning into disasters and contain damages caused by them, a pre
disaster proactive approach is necessary for prevention, reduction and mitigation. Maps play a crucial role
in identifying or analyzing the vulnerable and high risk areas in the district.
The Geographical Information System will be able to locate the vulnerable areas, and also help in
identifying areas where water table is available for digging wells and bore wells etc. After identification
of hazards, zoning of vulnerability to be done disaster wise according to its occurrence. Public awareness
creation is the most effective way in handling disasters. There should be mock drill exercises for
evacuation and public awareness building in terms of seismic zones to follow the building codes will be
effective.
Vulnerability assessment should deal with the socio-economic vulnerability, housing vulnerability and
environmental vulnerability. The vulnerable areas should be identified and it should be incorporated with
maps.
Kerala Multi hazard Zonation Map
47
Kerala Earthquake Hazard Zonation Map
48
4.1.1. Geographical
1.1.1.1 Earthquake.
Idukki district is comes under zone 3 of earthquake susceptibility. The scientific informations
like earthquake susceptible district map are given below.
Earthquake Vulnerability Area of Idukki
Taluk
Thodupuzha
Devikulam
Udumbachaola
Peermade
Village
Muttom
Alackode
Kottakamboor
Vattavada
Bisonvalley
Chinnakanal
Upputhodu
Thankkamony
Vathikudy
Elappara
Mlappara
Earthquake(Magnitude
>3
>3
5
5
5.7
5.7
4.1
3.4 – 4.5
3.4 – 4.5
>3
>3
4.1.1.2 Landslides
Landslides are a serious geological hazard common in hilly regions. It causes extensive
damage to roads, bridges, human dwellings, agricultural lands, orchards, forests etc
resulting in loss of property as well as life. Economical degradation of hill areas has also
been on the increase due to greater frequency of occurrence of landslides.
Idukki district is most susceptible to landslides during monsoon season. Most of our
National highways may be blocked due to heavy landslide in the monsoon.
Landslide hazard zone mapping is a relatively new tool being used for landslide
forecasting and forewarning. Prone areas are to be delineated by integrating multiple
databases like topographical and geographical map, ground truth, remote sensing data
and the geo-technical investigations.
49
Map shows Vulnerability of Landslides
Landslide prone area in Idukki District
Taluk
Village
Landslide proneness
Kumaramangalam
Kodikulam
THODUPUZH Vannappuram
A
Kanjikuzhy
High (Vannapuram,Forest) Low (Amailakandam,
Thommankuthu,Vannapuram, Forest)
High (Thottakani,Kirithod,Chelachvada,Kanjikuzhi,Forest)
Low (Varikkamuttom,Pazhayerikandam,Mailapuzha,Churuli,
Forest)
Udumbannoor
High (Chirikuzhi,Venniyanimudi, Mannukadu,Peringaserri,
Forest) Low
(Tattakkuzha,Vellamthanam,Kuzhimattom,Cheppukulam,
Forest)
50
Neyyassery
Low (Forest)
Karimannoor
Karikode
Todupuzha
Manakkad
Purappuzha
Low (Kurinji,Toyipara)
Karimkunnam
Low (NellaparaOttallur,Ilayarimala)
Muttom
High (Kollankunnu,Kuzhiyanai,Tudonganad) Low
(Kanayamala,Kollankunnu)
Alacode
High (Ilamdesam,Kondilapalli) Low
(Vettimattom,Onnaramala)
Velliamattom
High (ParambukaduMala,Pumala,Velliyamattom,Forest)
Low (Mudiyamala,Kuvakandam,)
Idukki
High (Painavu,Karara,Forest)
Arakulam
Low (Kulamavu,Tadiyampadu,Forest)
High (Mulamattom,Nadukanimala,Tumbikkalmala)
Kudayathoor
High (Kudayattoormala, anakunnumudimala)
Elappally
High (Edad,Chellikkal) Low (Kannikal,Manapad)
Mannamkandam
High (Ayiram Acre,Chattupara,Machiplavukudi Forest) Low
(Machiplavu, Deviarcolny, Forest)
Mankulam
High (Mankulam, Forest) Low (Anakulam,Perumbamkuthu,
Forest)
Anaviratty
High (Kallavattayar,KallarEstate, KainakarEstate)
(TaliyamEstate, PlamalaEstate)
Vellathooval
High (Kallarkutti,Elakunnu, Forest) Low
(Vellathuval,Mankadav,Forest)
Kunnjithanny
High (Elakallu,KunjithaniTukupara) Low
(AnachalChengalam)
Pallivasal
High (PallivasEstate,Mincutcolony) Low
(PallivasalEstate,Chithirapuram)
Kannan Devan Hills
High
(Munnar,DevikulamEstate,KallarEstate,MattupettiEstate,
ValkadavuEstate,KadalarEstate, Forest)
Marayoor
High (Kudakkad, Forest) Low (Marayur,Pattikadu,Karumutti,
Forest)
DEVIKULAM
51
Low
Keezhanthoor
High (Vananthurai,Kolattamala,Chundakattumala, Forest)
Low (KIlandur,Punganpalli, Forest)
Kanthalloor
High (Kolachivayal,Puthur,kanthallur, Forest)
Kottakamboor
High (Thattumpera,Kadavari, Kattamboor,Forest)
Vattavada
High (Kovilur,Vattavada,Pattithalaichelimala, Forest)
Bisonvally
High (PallivasalEstate,PeriyakanalEstate,Korangupara) Low
(MunnurekkarEstateMuduvakodu,Bisonvalley)
UDUMBANC
HOLA
Chinnakanal
High (Nadupara,PeriyakanalEstate,NagamalaEstate,)
Poopara
High (Mullantandu,PanniyarEstate, Forest) Low
(Pupara,koranpara, PanniyarEstate)
Rajakumari
High (Manjakuzhi,Mullantand, PeriyakanalEstate) Low
(KumbaparaEstate, PeriyakanalEstate)
Rajakadu
Low (Rajakkad,Ennarsiti,kanakkapulla,Panniyarkutti)
Konnathady
High (kambilikandam,Chinnar,Panikkankudi,) Low
(Mullirikudi,Parathodu,Mukkudam,Injapatal,Ponmudi)
Udumbanchola
Low
(TinkalkaduEstate,AttuparaEstate,ElapparaEstate,Vallarakkan
Estate,LeshmivilasomEstate)
Kanthipara
Low (GandhiparaEstate, Kuttankal)
Santhanpara
High (NadupaniEstate) Low (IlayakodEstate,Apparpullu
Estate,Estate,KalliparaEstate)
Chadhuramga para
High (Talayankavu Estate)
Parathodu
High (IsvarimedEstate,Nainarmudi) Low
(Nedumkandam,AsokavanamEstate,ValparaEstate)
Kalkoonthal
Low (Ponnamala,Ittithoppu,Kumbanmala)
Vathikudy
High (Chembakapara,Padamukkam) Low
(Topinkudi,Mongapara,Vattikudi,Murikkasseri)
Upputhode
High (KarikkumMedu) Low (RajamudiUpputod)
Thankamany
Kattappana
High (TankamanyChattikuli,Idukki,Nayarupara)
(Ampalamedu,Valiyakamakshi,Veliyakatumali)
Pampadumpara
Low
(PampadumparaEstate,Chakkakanam,Kallar,Mundiyeruma)
Karunapuram
Low (Kurivikkonam,Kulitholuvmala,Prakkadavu)
52
Low
Vandanmedu
Low (Anniyartolu, Puliyamala)
Anakkara
Low (Pampumpara)
Chakkupallam
Low (SitamparaEstate,ChakkupalamEstate)
Ayyappancoil
High (TahsilparaEstate, Forest) Low
(KarinkulamEstate,Kaltotti, Forest)
Anavilasom
Low (TahsildarparaEstate,MadhavankanmEstate,)
Vagamon
High (Vedikuzhi,AlampallyEstate) Low
(PulikanamEstate,KotamalaEstate,Chintala,PasuparaEstate,
VagamonEstate)
Upputhara
Low (Muttuvattom,ChintharEstate,KarintaraEstate)
Elappara
High (AnnantambiMala,TheppakulamEstate,GlanmaryEstate)
Low (KoduvakaranamEstate,ThyfordEstate, )
Kokkayar
High (UrumbikkaraEstate,MukkulamEstate,) Low
(Puvali,BoyceEstate)
Peruvanthanam
High
(ChuzhuppilEstate,MeloramEstate,cheruvallikulam,Kanayang
avayal,AmalagiriEstate) Low
(OrkadanEstate,ManikalluEstate)
Peermade
High (RanimudiEstate,PampanarMala,Forest)
Manjumala
Low (Peermed,Forest)
High (Kirikara, Forest) Low
(Varayattumotta,PasuMalaEstate,ManjumalaEstate)
Periyar
Low (ThankamalaEstate,Vandiperyar,NellikayEstate, Forest)
Kumily
High (Forest) Low
(Attapaam,MurukkadiEstate,Dymock,Chenkara,Vellaramkunn
u, Forest)
Mlappara
High (Periyar RF)
PEERMADE
53
Low (R F)
1.1.1.2Dam Bursts
Dam failures can result in the worst flood events. A dam failure usually the result of
neglect, poor design, or structural damage caused by a major event such as an earthquake.
When a dam fails, a gigantic quantity of water is suddenly let loose downstream,
destroying anything in its path.
Earthquake Vulnerability of Mullaperiyar Dam
The Mulla periyar dam site lies in the Western coast of India in the state of Kerala. It lies
in Seismic zone III as per the seismic zoning map of India where a maximum intensity of
VII is expected.
As per dam is more than 110 years old, constructed in stone masonry in lime surki
mortar,it is envisaged that this old dam will be vulnerable under a future string earthquake
in the region and in the eventuality of dam failure may result in human and economic
losses.
The seismic hazard assessment has been carried out using deterministic as well as
probabilistic approach. The safety of the dam has to be checked for Maximum Considered
Earthquake condition.
Definition of Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE)
The Maximum considered Earthquake can is defined as the earthquake that can cause the
most severe ground motion capable of being produced at the site under the currently
known seismotectonic framework. It is a rational and believable event, which can be
supported by all known geological and seismological data. It is determined by judgment
based on maximum earthquake that a tectonic region can produce considering the
geological evidence on past movement and the recorded seismic history of the area.
Sl.No.
Seismogenic Sources
Magnitude
Closest
Distance Max. Accel. (g)
to zone of energy
54
release
1
Achankovil shear
6.5
48
0.07
2
Tekkadi-Kodaivannalur
6.5
16
0.16
Fault
3
Periyar Fault
6.5
33
0.10
4
Tenmalai Fault
6.5
61
0.05
5
Ottapalam Kuttampuzha
6.5
70
0.05
6.5
73
0.05
Fault
6
Valtari anaimudi Fault
Kottagudi Kokkal Palani
Fault
7
Cauveri Fault
7.0
166
0.03
8
Offshore Fault
6.5
157
0.02
9
Vaigai river Fault
6.5
93
0.04
Earthquake occurrence around Mullaperiyar Dam site, Kerala with in latitudes
6.250 N and 12.250 N and longitudes 73.50 E and 79.50 E from historic times to
2005
Sl.No.
1
Origin time
Year
Month
Day
1819
6
20
Hour
Location
Minute
55
Latitude
Longitude
Depth
Magnitude
12
79.6
0
4.3
2
1821
1
10
9.5
76.6
0
3
3
1821
10
10
9.5
76.6
0
0
4
1822
1
29
12.5
79.7
0
5
5
1823
2
9
7
80
0
5.7
6
1823
3
2
9.5
76.6
0
4.3
7
1823
3
9
7
80
0
5
8
1841
9
15
9.5
76.6
0
3.7
9
1843
6
19
6.9
79.9
0
3
10
1848
3
1
6.92
79.87
0
0
11
1849
11
23
9.5
76.6
0
3.7
12
1856
3
17
9.9
78.1
0
3.7
13
1856
8
11
8.7
77
0
3.7
14
1856
8
25
8.7
77
0
4.3
15
1856
9
1
9.5
76
0
4.3
16
1857
8
16
7
80
0
3.7
17
1858
8
13
11.4
76
0
3.7
18
1858
8
23
11.4
76
0
3.7
19
1858
12
30
12.4
78.4
0
4.3
20
1859
1
1
12.5
79
0
3.7
21
1859
1
3
12.5
79
0
4.3
56
22
1859
2
5
12.5
78.6
0
3.7
23
1859
12
17
11.6
78.1
0
3.7
24
1859
12
17
12.5
78.6
0
3.7
25
1860
1
17
11.9
78.2
0
3.7
26
1860
1
20
11.9
78.2
0
3
27
1861
3
4
11.9
78.2
0
3.7
28
1864
1
5
10.8
78.7
0
3.7
29
1865
6
4
12.3
76.62
0
0
30
1865
6
24
11
76.95
0
0
31
1866
12
19
7
80
0
3.7
32
1867
7
3
12
79.6
0
5.7
33
1871
9
1
6.92
79.87
0
0
34
1881
3
16
8.48
77.7
0
0
35
1882
2
28
11.47
76.7
0
0
36
1897
9
1
11.5
76.6
0
0
37
1900
2
7
10.8
76.8
0
6
38
1900
2
8
10.7
76.7
0
6
39
1900
9
9
6.92
79.87
0
0
40
1901
4
27
12
75
0
5
41
1938
9
10
7.7
79.2
0
6
22
23
57
42
1953
7
26
9.9
76.3
0
5
43
1956
12
15
6.5
78
0
0
44
1959
7
27
11.5
75.3
0
4
45
1959
12
17
11.7
78.1
0
4.3
46
1961
9
1
11.3
75.8
0
4
47
1964
10
1
11.3
75.8
0
4.3
48
1968
8
15
12
79
0
3.7
49
1971
1
17
12.4
77
0
4.2
50
1971
3
6
12.4
77
0
4.2
51
1971
3
27
12.4
77
0
4.3
52
1972
4
24
12.4
77
0
0
53
1972
5
16
12.4
77
0
4.6
54
1972
5
17
12.4
77
0
4.5
55
1972
7
29
11
77
0
5
56
1984
6
27
11.3
75.8
0
0
57
1988
6
7
3
7
9.81
77.21
50
4.5
58
1988
6
7
15
26
9.81
77.21
50
4.2
59
1988
6
8
3
4
9.81
77.21
50
3.5
60
1993
12
6
20
54
6.8
78.3
10
5.4
61
1994
12
2
16
6
10.75
76.25
15
3.8
58
62
1996
3
19
16
32
9.9
76.8
33
4.1
63
1998
8
20
12
54
12.2
78.1
0
3.5
64
1998
8
25
12
54
12.2
78.1
0
3.5
65
1999
9
11
3
9
10.32
75.64
15
3.8
66
2000
12
12
1
23
9.69
76.79
14
5
67
2000
12
12
12
7
9.64
76.87
4
3.6
68
2000
12
15
22
54
9.67
76.74
10
3.9
69
2001
1
3
22
48
12.06
78.18
10
3.4
70
2001
1
7
2
56
9.69
76.8
16
4.8
71
2001
1
7
3
27
9.31
76.62
15
3.4
72
2001
1
29
2
37
12.44
77.36
15
4.3
73
2001
8
25
0
24
10.48
76.12
15
3.1
74
2001
10
28
17
23
7.15
76.32
33
4.4
75
2003
9
7
5
59
8.31
79.09
33
3.9
76
2005
3
22
1
50
12.02
78.52
4
3.8
Regional Geology and Tectonic of the Region
The tectonic features near to the sites are the Periyar Fault,Ottapalam Kuttampuzha fault
and Kattagadi Kokkal Palani Fault. There are several faults, shear zones and lineaments
around the sites which are seismogenic and have to be considered for the seismic hazard
assessment.
59
Flood Routing Map of MullaPeriyar Dam
Vulnerable areas in the bank of Periyar River
If a dam failure happens first it comes to Vallakadavu in Majumala Village. It will
diverted to three sub ways from Gavi via Pathanamthitta, Grampi via Peermadu and
through existing Periyar River.
History of Maximum Flood level
Extreme Events Experienced by the Dam and in the Area.
The dam experienced a flood with volume of 34103 Mcft (155.87 cm in the catchment)
for 21 days in July 1924. The catchment experienced another flood with a volume of
5118 Mcft (23.38cm in the catchment) for a duration of 2 days in Jan 1943, and again
experienced a flood for 6-7 days with a volume of 13283 Mcft (60.67 cm in the
catchment) in June 1961. The one day maximum observed point rainfall in a station (lat
100 06‟ N and long 77004‟ E) very near to Mullaperiyar catchment, was observed on
16/07/24 is 31.7 cm. (Page 47 of Centarl Water Commission Dam Safety project
Generalized PMP Atlas published by WAPCOS). The value read from the same atlas in
Figure 18 for 15/07/24 is 24 cm. The estimates of one day PMP on page 15 of the
WAPCOS Atlas of three stations near this catchment are 58.88 cm (Peermadu residency),
64.16 cm (Peermade taluk) and 48.3 cm at (Sivagiri). The data indicates that the area is
situated in high rainfall zone and is referred to as Zone 101 in the WAPCOS Atlas.
Affecting areas
Periyar Village
: Vandiperiyar Panchayt, PEriyar Town, Walardie, NEllimala,
Vallakadavu Karuppu Bridge, Dymuck – Attaram Region.
Manjumala Village : Vandiperiyar Panchayt, West part of Periyar Town, Mlamala,
Pasumala, part of Kurilikara, Pallikada Chandravanam, Nalukandam, Thengakal.
Elappara Village
: Peermadu Panchayt, part of Mlamala, Keerikara
Elappara Village
: elappara Panchayt, part of Mlamala- HEliberia, Vallakadavu
Upputhara village
: Upputhara Pancahyt, Chappathu, Parappu, aladi, Upputhara
60
Town.
Road Network
In NH 220 58th mile to Kumily will be inundated and not possible to transportation. Apart
from that Vandiperiyar Bridge may collapse and people became alienated from other
parts. To evacuate the people from affected area we need to adopt helicopters.
Vulnerability Assessment
The main affected area in Peermadu taluk area Periyar, Manjumala, Upputhara,
Vagamon, Elappara, Peermadu, Malppara, Kumily villages. In Udumbanchola taluk there
are Ayppankovil, Anavilasm villages are highly vulnerable due to floods by dam failure.
The actual survey is not done in these area but there is chance to deviate the water flow
from vallakkadavu to Gavi via Pathanamthitta. Due to this diversion there is a possibility
to affect some area of Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Ernakulam District also.
Firstly affected areas are Periyar, Upputhara, Manjumala, Peermadu, Elappara, Vagamon,
Malappara, Kumily villages of highly populated area. In these area there almost 20,000
people are inhabited.
Panchayt that area vulnerable during high floods
Name of the Dam
Idukki
Nearest
Cheruthoni
Vazhathopu Vazhathopu
Kulamavu
Arakulam
Kallar
Erattayar
Nedumkandam Erattayar
Panahcayt
affected
during
floods
1.1.2 3Water and climate
1.1.2.1 Floods
Floods are social disasters which affect the poor more than the rich. It also affects or
pollutes pure drinking water. Structural measures are in the nature of physical
61
measures and help in modifying the floods while non structural measures are in the
nature of planning and help in modifying the losses due to floods. In structural
measures we keep the water away from the people and in non structural we keep
people away from the water.
Flood prone area in the District.
District
Idukki
Taluk
Area Km²
Area %
38.78
0.89
Devikulam
0.00
0.00
Thodupuzha
26.87
2.10
Udumbanchola
11.35
1.30
0.00
0.00
Peermadu
1. Udumbanchola Taluk
Sl.No
Village
Prone areas
1
Kalkoothanl
Thooval, Erattayar, Chempakappara
2
Parathode
Thookkupalam, Chottupara, Thannimoodu
3
Karunapuram
Koottar
4
Vathikudy
Chemkapara
5
Anavilsam
Santhipalam, Chapathe
6
Ayyappankovil
Chapathe, Ayyappankovil, Alady, Thonithady
62
2. Peermade Taluk
Sl.No.
Village
Prone areas
1.
Kumily
Periyar colony, Amaravathy, Kuzhikandom
2
Vandiperiyar
Kakkikaval
Flood Prone Area of Idukki District
Taluk
Village
Flood prone area
Kumaramangalam
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields) Ezhallur,
Kothamanagalam, Perumbillichira
Kodikulam
Banks of Kaliyar Puzha,Karimannur thodu
&Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields)
Kodikulam,Parapuzha
Vannapuram
Banks of Kaliyar Puzha & Broad flat bottom
Thodupuzha
valleys (Paddy fields) Vannapuram,Mulankuthi
Udumbannoor
valleys (Paddy fields)
Kollapuzha,Tattakuzha,Edamaraku,
Udumbannur,Chinikuzhi, Paniyaram, Amayappara
Neyyassery
valleys (Paddy fields) Neysseri, Malappuram
Karikode
Banks of Karimannoor thodu & Broad flat bottom
valleys (Paddy fields) Pallikkamuri,
Manakaithandu, Karimannur
Thodupuzha
Banks of Thodupuzha Ar & Alakkode thodu
63
Manakad
Banks of Thodupuzha Ar & Broad flat bottom
valleys (Paddy fields) Mudalakandam, Kolani
Purapuzha
Banks of Thodupuzha Ar & Broad flat bottom
valleys (Paddy fields) Periyambra, Pudupariyaram
Karimkunnam
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy
fields)Vengallur,Vazhitala, Purapuzha
Muttom
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields)
Vadakkumuri,Mrala
Velliamattom
Tudanganad
Idukki
Ancheri,Kurichi
Chinnakanal
Banks of Panni Ar
Pooppara
Banks of Panni Ar & Broad flat bottom valleys
(Paddy fields) Rajakumari
Rajakumari
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields) Rajakkad,
Mullakanam
Udumbanchola
Rajakad
Konnathady
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields) Parahode
Kathipara
Banks of Chemman Ar
Chathurangapara
Banks of Panni Ar
Parathodu
Banks of Chemman Ar
Upputhodu
Banks of Irattayar
Thankkamony
Padamukham, Vattikudi
64
Anakkara
ValiyaKandan, Vellayamkudi
Vagamon
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields) Kochara
Peermade
Ar
Upputhara
Chakkupalam
Elappara
Broad flat bottom valleys (Paddy fields) Kachiyar
1.1.2.2 Drought
Drought is a slow onset natural hazard and it offers time and opportunity to mitigate its
impact. Drought connotes a situation of scarcity and distress usually caused by prolonged
failure of rains, affecting agricultural activities adversely, leading to loss of production and
employment, drinking water shortages, deficiency in fodder supply etc. consequential effects
are migration of people in search of an alternative employment or livelihood.
1.1.2.3 Cyclone
There are two types of cyclones seasons. The first is the pre monsoon season (April and
May) and the second is post monsoon (October – December). The cyclones of the post
monsoon season are more intense than those of pre monsoon. Cyclones are associated with
strong winds, torrential rains and storm surge.
1.1.2.4 Lightening
Thodupuzha
Taluk
Village
Lightning
Kumaramangalam
Low
Kodikulam
Low
Vannapuram
Low
Kanjikuzhay
Low
65
Devikulam
Udumbanoor
Low
Neyyassery
Low
Karimanoor
Low
Karikode
Moderate
Thodupuzha
Low
Manakad
Moderate
Purapuzha
Moderate
Karimkunnam
Moderate
Muttom
Moderate
Alacode
Moderate
Velliamottom
Low
Idukki
Moderate
Arakulam
Moderate
Kudaythoor
Low
Elappally
Low
Mannamkanadam
Moderate
Mankulam
Moderate
Anaviratty
Low
Vellathooval
Low
Kunjithanny
Moderate
Pallivasal
Moderate
66
Udumbachola
KDH
Low
Marayoor
Low
Keezhathoor
Low
Kanthaloor
Low
Kottakamboor
Low
Vattavada
Low
Bisonvally
Low
Chinnakanal
Low
Poopara
Low
Rajakumari
Low
Rajakadu
Low
Konnathady
Low
Udumbanchola
Low
Kanthipara
Low
Santhanpara
Low
Chadhuramga para
Low
Parathodu
Low
Kalkoonthal
Low
Vathikudy
Low
Upputhode
Low
Thankamany
Low
67
Peermade
Kattappana
Low
Pampadumpara
Low
Karunapuram
Low
Vandanmedu
Low
Anakkara
Low
Chakkupallam
Low
Ayyappancoil
Low
Anavilasom
Low
Vagamon
Low
Upputhara
Low
Elappara
Low
Kokkayar
Moderate
Peruvanthanam
Moderate
Peermade
Moderate
Manjumala
Low
Periyar
Low
Kumily
Low
Mlappara
Low
1.1.3 Biologically
1.1.3.1 Epidemics
An epidemic is commonly defined as the occurrence in community or area of cases of a
68
disease that is clearly in excess of what is expected. It is important to recognize a potential
epidemic, and then to determine the existence and the size of the outbreak and to develop
ideas about the cause method of transmission and best methods of control.
1.1.3.2 Pest Attacks
The pests /diseases of crops are acting as silent disasters to economy and food security.
There may not be a great problem because of the advancement of technology and agricultural
research, yet certain diseases in Horticultural crops are a perennial problem.
The District Administration should give proper attention to these problems by taking
adequate preventive as well as curative measures.
Most of the diseases can be prevented by supply of good quality/ disease resistant seeds,
planting materials and guiding farmers for appropriate use of fertilizers and other inputs.
1.1.3.3 Cattle epidemics
Nowadays we cross breeding the cattle for increase the milk production. This cross breeding
cattles are susceptible to certain important diseases which cause a devastating effect not only
in a farm but also the entire region. More over most of the diseases are zoonotic in nature
which put the human population of the area also at risk.
1.1.4 Accident
1.1.4.1 Forest fires
Forest fire is the serious threat during the summer season in Idukki District. I t also affects
our ecosystem and also disrupts the habitat of the wild animals and may causes the extinction
of some species. Forest fire is mostly due to carelessly throwing cigarette butts, by people.
We can manage this forest fire by the active participation of the local people living in the
vicinity of the forest. The local people should be the stakeholder for protecting our wild
resources and then only we can protect our forest from frequent fire. The forest department
also should be very vigilant in these seasons and can appoint local people as watchers and
cleaned the fire areas before summer and periodically monitored.
69
Map Shows the vulnerability area of Forest Fire
4.1.4.2. Road accidents
In Idukki district most of our roads are ghat roads and driving in these roads are very risky. Road
accident are a major killer and take place without any warning. Accidents involves passenger
vehicles, goods vehicles, vehicles carrying hazardous and toxic materials. Accidents also causes
some general conditions like poor road conditions, mixed traffic, poor vehicle maintenance,
careless driving, lack safety belts and helmets, poor emergency services and absence of
pedestrian amenities. Data on road accident report indicates that 70%arise from driver‟s failure.
We can assess the vulnerability of the road accident by studying the road area that frequently causes
accident.
4.1.4.3 Boat Capsizing
Boat capsizing and accidents are common in our area. Accidents occur predominantly due to over
loading, heavy wind, lack of proper maintenance of boats including motor engines, untrained crew, and
untimely operation and demand supply problems. Most of the time the vessel or boat carrying any types
of life saving equipments and the passengers would not know swimming.
Recently we experienced a serial of boat accidents and the report shows that most times improper
maintenance and untrained crew members. This we can avoid by prepare a specific plan for our inland
navigation.
70
Chapter 5
Institutional Mechanism
5.1 Introduction
As per the government notification every district should form District Disaster Management authority
under the chairmanship of District collector.
5.2 District Disaster Management Authority
The District Disaster Management Authority shall consists of the Chairperson and other members namely,
2. The District Collector
Chairperson, Ex-officio.
3. The President, District Panchayat Idukki Co-chairperson, Ex-officio.
4. The Additional district Magistrate
Member, Ex-officio.
5. The Superintendent of Police
Member, Ex-officio.
6. The District Medical Officer
of Health
Member, Ex-officio.
7. The Assistant Divisional Officer,
Fire and Rescue Services, Kattappana.
Member, Ex-officio, Nominated under clause (f)
of sub-rule (2) of rule 14.
8. The Executive Engineer, Public works
(Roads)
Member, Ex-officio, Nominated under clause (f)
of sub-rule (2) of rule 14.
5.2.1 Crisis Management Group
Sl.No.
Officials
Phone Number
1
Additional divisional Magistrate
04862 233056, 232288 (camp)
email
9447303036
2
04862 232354
3
Assistant Divisional Officer
04862 232300, 9946558014
adofrskattappan
a@gmail.com
71
4
Principal Agricultural Officer
5
District Project Officer - DRR
9447856680
christinmjoseph
@hotmail.com
Role of Dist. Administration
1. Preparation of the Disaster Management Action Plan for the District with the assistance of the
Disaster Management Committee and other experts.
2. To implement the disaster management action plan.
3. Setting up the district control room and making it function effectively.
4. Earmarking and entrusting responsibility to various departments.
5. Coordination with all the line departments of the State, Central and other agencies.
6. To liaise with the government periodically about the disaster and the action taken.
7. Integrating the MARG (Mutual Aid and Response Group) of the industrial belt with the
disaster management committee.
8. Before the disaster make the district machinery to equip and to be prepared.
9. Setting up relief camps and transit camps.
10. Conducting relief and rescue operations.
11. Corresponding with the Defence Ministry Personnel.
12. To interact with donor agencies for relief and rehabilitation.
13. Collector is the central authority exercising emergency powers to issue directives to all the
departments and to provide emergency response service.
14. Organizing training and conducting mock drills.
15. Maintaining the supply of essential commodities.
16. Preparing Memoranda for getting resources for Relief.
17. Giving adequate and right information to the people.
5.2.3 Role of Local bodies
The local bodies play a predominant role during the disasters. The Local Bodies after the 73rd and 74th
Amendment have a major role to play in disaster management. Training to be imparted to the elected
representatives and they could use as resource person to reach the affected community. They have greater
72
autonomy and they could create a good impact. They could act as a watchdog also in times of disasters
about the performance of the various organizations.
5.3 District Emergency Operating Centers
The District Emergency Operating Center under the control of District Collector is the nerve center to
monitor, coordinate and implement the actions for disaster management. In the district, the District
Collector is the central authority exercising emergency powers to issue directives to all the departments to
provide emergency response services.
5.3.1 Functions of District Emergency Operating Centers
The primary functions of Emergency Operating Centers are
18. Coordination
19. Operation Management
20. Information Collection and documentation
21. Public Information
22. Resource Management.
5.3.2 Control Rooms
Control room Phone No
Fax No
Collectorate
04862 233101
04862 232242
04862 232303
Devikulam
04865 264231
04865 264231
04869 232077
04869 232077
Taluk
Peerumade
Taluk
Udumbancho 04868 232050
4868232050
la
Thodupuzha
04862 222503
04862 222503
73
Chapter 6
Prevention and Mitigation Measures
6.1 Water and climate related disasters
Primary stage of the flood management is to prepare a vulnerability map for flood prone regions
in the district. In flood management programme we can adopt two methods like structural and
non structural measures.
In structural measures
a. Watershed management like cleaning, desilting or deepening of reservoirs and drainage
channels.
b. Encroachment on ponds and tanks or natural drainage is to be removed well before the onset of
monsoons.
c. Inspect and strengthen all flood protection embankments, ring bunds etc.
d. Safe disposal of surplus runoff i.e. inspect all drains, link drains through responsible officers
and remove congestion.
Non structural measures
a. Flood plain zoning i.e. zoning of plain is the land adjoining the river which it occupies during
high floods.
b. Early warning and fore casting about flood.
c. Making buildings flood proof by raising its level using earth fill and various other methods.

In vulnerable villages the highest level as well as average annual flood level reached in village
may be marked very clearly either on existing pucca building or on a special pillar constructed for
this purpose.

Training given to officials and response forces, first aid, swimming, rowing boats, life saving
techniques etc.

Identify evacuation centre on the basis of Taluk/Panchayat level with safety, good
communication, drinking water, food reserves and transportation.

Round the clock control room should function at district/ Taluk/ panchayat level.
74

Establish liaison with army, navy, other government departments and voluntary organizations.

Provide mobile wireless sets to villages.

In case of cyclone warnings it disseminated by following means high priority telegrams, through
dooradarshan, All India Radio, press bulletins and satellite based warning systems.

Teams at evacuation centers, relief centers and district headquarter have to mobile. Arrange
transportation for their movement.

Vulnerability maps should be placed in the villages those are vulnerable to various disasters and
the villages should be classified based on dangerously and moderately exposed. The residents in
these areas should be trained properly when the sudden occurrence of disaster.

Arrangements made for inspecting transmission line, electric poles etc to ensure safety of people
in the flood marooned areas.

Ensure availability of cooked or dry food and encourage voluntary organizations to run kitchens
at evacuation centers.

Ensure adequate availability of medicines at various levels and keep few teams of doctors and
paramedical staff ready at district, Taluk and panchayat level round the clock.

Adequate publicity of preventive measures against epidemics and villages can be fitted with
adequate knowledge through cassette players, IEC materials, leaflets, street plays etc.
6.2 Geologically Related Disasters

In severe earthquake all services, such as electric/water, will probably be down. Emergency
services will be extremely limited for few days. So prepare a map that marks the details of the
transportation, medical emergency etc.

Earthquake vulnerability map should be prepare in advance and will be placed in critical points
and the public should be trained and aware about the earthquakes preventing measures.

Publish the building codes for earthquake resilient features and the district, taluk and panchayt
level officials should ensure that the buildings are constructed based on the codes and bylaws of
earthquake resistance.
75

Buildings that are very old should be retrofitted with new techniques and should be earthquake
resistant.

Landslide vulnerability maps can be prepared and check the history of the landslide in the
particular villages and should be alerted.

Good coordination with departments like agricultural, irrigation and should be vigilant in the
monsoon season and also took rain gauge on daily bases in all the areas. If a particular area is
over drowned the residents should be warned and evacuated to safe place.

Give proper instructions to the agriculturists for water shed management like digging of rain pits,
gully plugs, etc and it should be monitored by the agricultural departments.

Idukki district is most vulnerable to dam bursts so periodic inspection of dams and rectification
should be mandatory. Dam safety manuals or guidelines should be evolved.

Establish a good cooperation with scientific institutions and should be alert when a small tremor
felt in the dam site. A study should be conducted with scientific organizations about the soil
conditions of the dam site. Design and engineering aspects for assessment of safety of existing
dams should be rationalized.

Map should be prepared and it shows that the water flowing area and vulnerable river banks and
it also shows that how many number of residents, agricultural and animal are affected during the
dam failure. This should be published in various places and people should be trained.

Fixing of signal in each villages and the residents should be trained if alarm rang they will easily
and suddenly evacuated in the safe area.
6.3 Biologically Related Disasters

Epidemic intervention measures like verify and confirm diagnosis, identify cases, find source of
epidemic, treat cases and control spread.

Community health education is a good method against the spreading of epidemics in the
particular area. The prevention strategy, ways of spreading of epidemics is also aware the public.

Before the monsoon season the health officials must announce or distribute leaflets each area
about the prevention strategies and the possible epidemic threats to the populated area.

Immunization for measles should give to the people living in the vulnerable area.
76

Improve the environment like storage of food in rodent proof containers, collecting food wastes,
improving ware housing, removing mosquito breeding sites by unblocking gutters and locating
dump well away from inhabitant area.

In the case of pest attacks study the life history and habits of the pests. In case of severe
infestation, set up a special co-coordinating agency, an officer at the headquarters of the district
should be appointed.

Use pesticide for killing or destroying the eggs and offspring of the pest.

The livestock quickly transmits contagious so the herd rearers are made aware of the symptoms
of such diseases and persuaded to report an outbreak, at first indication, to the nearest veterinary
hospital or dispensary.

The Government should create more check post at convenient points to carefully and effectively
check the animals being brought into an area from outside. The existing check post checking
should be strengthen and immunization effectively.

The local animal rearers to be trained to identify the diseases early and the district administration
through animal husbandry dept. to be vigilant and on the basis of earlier epidemics to take
preventive action. The district administration should pass the message to neighboring district
when diseases occur in a particular area.

Cattle insurance should be propagated among the cattle rearers

In case of food poisoning, awareness creation is the best method among people about common
healthy practices. The main treatment for food poisoning is to take enough fluids to prevent
dehydration.

To keep the food sanitation conduct meat inspection regularly, personal hygiene of workers, food
handling methods, refrigeration, canned food checking and health education to workers.
6.4 Accident related Disasters

In case of forest fire watch towers to be erected in recurring places.

The local people and others who enter into the forest to collect fuel wood, non timber forest
produce or grazing to be specially requested to be vigilant and only those who are authorized
alone to be permitted.

Making the people aware is the most important factor in controlling the fire. Fire lines to be
maintained / cleaned before the summer and periodically monitored.
77

Forest Department is to be made the nodal dept. and a separate plan to drawn by the districts with
forest officers and nodal officers.

In the case of road accident strengthen the enforcement wing in transport commisionarate modern
technologies like speed monitoring equipments, equipments for removal of accident vehicles etc.

Creation of adequate highway/traffic aid posts and establish trauma care centers at every 100
kilometers and the aid post should connect with a hotline with this trauma care center.

Identify and designate routes for transportation of hazardous chemicals and such routes should
not pass through populated area.

Strengthening of road infrastructure and improving regulations like insurance claim, two wheelers
must wear helmet, overtaking regulations, fixation of blinking light on good vehicle, frequent
accident spot identify and marked, lanes to be marked for pedestrians and cyclists, strict
regulations against drunken driven, police and home guards should be posted at traffic points etc
6.5 Sector wise vulnerability reduction measures
Type of
Sub sector
Mitigation Measures
Sector
Responsible
Time frame
Person
IEC Activities


Distribution of leaflets, posters
Throughout
& wall painting
the year
Awareness generation
Infrastructure Development
programmes in school, colleges,
conducting padayatras.

Organizing staff development
and refresher training for
concerned dept. and task force.

Conducting of regular mock
drills
Road

Plantation programme.

Identification/repair of main and
alternative routes.
78
PWD
During
normal time.

Repair of identified vulnerable
points
Embankment

Encouraging waterway ferry

Strengthening and raising of
Irrigation
weak embankments, points
dept.

Storage of flood fighting
materials, like sand bags,
bamboo bags etc.
Bridges

Regular maintenance of bridges.
Safe Shelters

Ensuring maintenance of flood
Sub collector,
shelters.
BDO, NGOs

Identification of places for
preparation of mounds & cattle
shelters.

Ensuring multipurpose use of
shelters by community, school,
NGOs, CBOs.
Communication


Ensure proper maintenance of
BSNL, HAM
Telephone, FAZ, WLL Phones,
Radio &
Wireless and VHF sets.
WLL phone
Ensure timely setting of wireless
operators.
stations in District or block
Office.

Installation of VHF/HAM radios
in all block Headquarters.
Drinking Water

and Sanitation
Assessment of running/defunct
Water
tube wells and make necessary
Authority
arrangements.

Identification of scarce water
pockets and installation of water
79
supply systems.

Identification of sub-me gable
TWs and raising of its platform
heights.

Arrangement of tankers or
syntex tank

Assessment of requirement of
disinfectants and ensuring its
regular use.
Power

Ensuring proper maintenance of
KSEB
sub stations, power grids etc.

Installation of solar lamps near
flood & cyclone shelters and
ensure its maintenance.

Ensure un interrupted power
supply to district control room
for disaster period.
IEC Activities


DMO, Health
and wall painting.
Inspector,
Conducting meeting, workshops,
NGOs,
staff development training,
orientation of village level
volunteers, task force etc.
Health

programme.
Vaccination and

disinfections


Procurement and stock piling of
DMOs,
vaccines.
Health
Regular vaccination of domestic
Inspectors,
animals.
THQH, CHC,
Regular disinfection of TWs,
PHC staffs,
wells and ponds.

Cleanliness of medical hospital
80
campus.

Procurement of a refrigerator for
veteneary hospital.
Training

Imparting trainings on health
DMO,
care, sanitation, insurance, first
aids to medical staffs as well as
volunteers.
IEC activities

BDOs, NGOs
and wall painting.

Conducting meetings,
workshops, staff development
training, orientation on village
level volunteers and to
beneficiaries on EDP
(Entrepreneur Development
Livelihood sector
Programme)

programme such as conducting
rallies, Street plays etc.
Agriculture


Alternative cropping,
Dy.Diretor
installation of L.I points.
Agriculture,
Crop insurance, Provision of
Principal
credit facilities and cold storage.
Agriculture
Officer.
Horticulture
Fishery


Providing nursery raising
Dy. Director
training and insurance facilities.
horticulture.
Providing fishery training
Dy. Director
Insurance
Fisheries.
IEC activities


Distribution of leaflets, posters,
Block,
wall painting etc.
Insurance
Organizing meeting, workshops,
Companies,
81
staff development training,
Agricultural
orientation to line depts., block
Dept., Bank,
functionaries, NGOs, villages
NGOs.
level volunteers and to
beneficiaries on insurance
schemes.

programmes such as conducting
rallies & street plays.
Infrastructure

Maintenance of roads / buildings

Maintenance of block level/ GP
level storage godown.
Life &
Livelihood

Insurance of life, livestock, crop
Block,
& small business unit etc.
Insurance
companies,
Agricultural
dept., Bank,
NGOs.
82
Chapter 7
Preparedness Plan
7.1 Introduction
Disaster Preparedness means “measures designed to organize and facilitate timely and effective rescue,
relief and rehabilitation operations in cases of disaster. Measures of preparedness include among others,
setting up disaster relief machinery, formulation of emergency relief plans, training of specific groups to
undertake rescue and relief, stockpiling supplies and earmarking funds for relief operations”.
It is not possible to eradicate natural hazards completely but damages from natural hazards can be
minimized by way of comprehensive preparedness plan. Warning systems and preparedness measures
considerably reduces and modifies the impact of disasters. Disaster preparedness is increasingly evident
now that a relatively smaller investment in disaster preparedness can save thousands of lives and vital
economic assets as well as reduce the cost of overall relief assistance.
7.2 Emergency contact numbers of District Officials.
District Officials Phone Numbers
Sl.No
Name of the Officer
I
Revenue Department
Land Phone No
District Collectorate
04862 232242
District collector
04862 233101, 233001 (Camp)
04862 233056, 232288 (Camp)
Deputy Collector (LA/LR)
04862 232366
Deputy Collector (RR)
04862 232366
Deputy Collector (Election)
04862 233037
83
Mobile No.
9447032252
Housor Sirosdar
Finance Officer
II
Revenue Division Office, Devikulam
04865 264222
9447026452
Revenue Division Office, Idukki.
04862 232231
9447184231
Tahasildar, Thodupuzha
04862 222503
9447029503
Tahasildar, Devikulam
04865 264231
9447026414
Tahasildar, Peermade
04869 232077
9447023597
Tahasildar, Udumbanchola
04868 232050
9447023809
Police Department
District Police Office
04862 232354
04862 233006, 233004 (Camp)
Asst. Commandant (AR) Idukki
04862 232343
Vigilance and anti Corruption
04862 227727
SBI Idukki
04862 232356
Administration Idukki
04862 232354
DCRB Idukki
04862 223953
CB-CID , Idukki, Thodupuzha
04862 223983
Special Branch, Idukki
04862 232386
Dy.SP, Thodupuzha
04862 222272
84
III
Dy.SP, Munnar
04865 230382
Dy.SP, Kattapana
04868 272350
Circle Inspector Thodupuzha
04862 222242
Circle Inspector Kaliyar
04862 245601
Circle Inspector Kajar
04862 252056
Circle Inspector Idukki
04862 232275
Circle Inspector Kanjikuzhy
04862 239280
Circle Inspector Munnar
04865 231150
Circle Inspector Devikulam
04865 264350
Circle Inspector Adimaly
04864 222186
Circle Inspector Kattapana
04868 272969
Circle Inspector, Nedumkandam
04868 233260
Circle Inspector, Kumily
04869 223150
Circle Inspector, Peermadu
04869 232085
Agricultural Department
Joint Director
04862 222428
Asst. Director of Soil Conservation
04868 273322
District Soil Conservation Office
04862 252650
Asst. Director of Soil Survey
04862 227825
85
State Seed Farm, Karimannoor
04862 214533
Dist. Agricultural Farm, Arikuzha
04862 278599
State Vegetable Farm, Vandiperiyar
04869 253543
ADA Thodupuzha
04868 224530
ADA Elamdesam
04862 261577
ADA Idukki
04862 217144
ADA Kattapana
04868 252545
Rubber
Board
Regional
Office, 04862 222310
Thodupuzha
Spices Board, Nedumkandam
04868 237207
Serifed District Office, Adimaly
04864 222561
Krishi Bhavan
Arakulam
04862 217144
Alakode
04862 275044
Edavetty
04862 211170
Erattayar
04868 256540
Kumily
04869 223930
Kumaramangalam
04862 211609
Kudayathoor
04862 255639
Kodikulam
04862 264727
86
IV
VI
Muttom
04862 212311
Veliyamattom
04862 275030
Vannapuram
04862 247836
Thodupuzha
04862 211295
Purapuzha
04862 273285
Karimkunnam
04862 242939
Karimanoor
04862 261715
Kanjikuzhy
04862 234250
Vazhathopu
04862 236763
Mariyapuram
04862 205163
Kamakshi
04868 275886
Vathykudy
04868 210325
Animal Husbandry
Animal Husbandry Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222894
Asst. Director of Dairy Development
04862 222099
Dairy Extension Office, Thadiyampadu
04862 235347
Dairy Extension Office, Kattapana
04868 278300
Dairy Extension Office, Nedumkandam
04868 233213
Civil Supplies Cooperation
87
VII
State Warehouse Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222592
District Supply Officer, Kuyilimala
04862 232321
Taluk Supply Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222515
Taluk Supply Office, Devikulam
04865 264224
Taluk Supply Office, Udumbanchola
04868 232079
Taluk Supply Office, Peermadu
04869 232066
Health Department
District Medical Officer
04862
District Medical Office, (Health) Painave
04862 233030
District Medical Office, (Homeo)
04862 227326
District Medical Office, ISM, Kuyilimala
04862 232318
District Food Inspector, Thodupuzha
04862 222619
District Hospital, Paremavu
04862 232474
Taluk Hospital Thodupuzha
04862 222630
Taluk Hospital, Adimaly
04864 222670
Taluk Hospital, Peermadu
04869 232224
Community Health Center, Nedumkandam
04868 232650
Govt. Ayurveda Hospital, Thodupuzha
04862 226185
District Medical Store, Muttom
04862 256428
88
VIII
District T B Center
04862 233157
Circle Food Inspector Office, Devikulam
04865 357046
Excise Department
Asst. Excise Commissioner, Thodupuzha
04862 222348
Central Excise Office, Thodupuzha
04862 223814
Excise Enforcement & Antinarcotics Spl. 04862 232469
Squad, Painave
IX
Narcotic Enforcement Squad
04864 225782
Circle Inspector of Excise, Thodupuzha
04862 223147
Circle Inspector of Excise, Nedumkandam
04868 200047
Circle Inspector of Excise, Pallivasal
04864 278356
Circle Inspector of Excise, Peermadu
04869 232018
Forest and Wildlife
DFO Munnar
04865 264237
DFO Social forestry, Idukki
04862 232505
DFO Mankulam, Adimaly
04864 222014
DFO Sandal Division, Marayoor
04865 252301
ACF Munnar
04865 230208
ACF Social Forestry, Idukki
04862 232605
Wild Life Warden, Vellapara, Idukki
04862 232271
89
Wild Life Warden, Eravikulam, Munnar
04865 231587
Wild Life Information Center
04869 222028
Asst. Wild Life Preservation Office, 04869 222025
Thekkady
X
Forest Range Office, Vellapara, Idukki
04862 232274
ECO Development Office, Thekkady
04869 222413
Public Works Department
PWD Buildings, Painave
04862 232383
PWD Roads,E.E, Painave
04862 232353
Executive engineer, Panchayt Division, 04862 232402
Cheruthony
Asst.
Executive
Engineer,
Roads, 04862 222695
Thodupuzha
Asst.
Executive
Engineer,
Buildings, 04862 222974
Thodupuzha
Asst. Executive Engineer, Roads, Munnar
Asst.
Executive
Engineer,
04865 230237
Buildings, 04865 230257
Munnar
XI
Asst. Executive Engineer, Painave
04862 232383
Asst. Executive Engineer, Peermadu
04869 232034
Asst. Executive Engineer, Nedumkandam
04868 232051
KSEB
90
Deputy Chief Engineer, Electrical Circle, 04868 223353
Thodupuzha
Electrical Major Section, Thodupuzha
04868 232327
Executive engineer, Electrical Division, 04868 272448
Kattapana
Executive engineer, Electrical Division, 04862 222377
Thodupuzha
Executive engineer, Generation Division, 04865 263226
Chithirapuram
Executive engineer, Generation Division, 04862 252026
Civil, Moolamattom
KSEB Research Division, Vazhathopu
04862 232221
KSEB, EE, Thodupuzha
04862 222377
Asst. Executive Engineer, Thodupuzha
04862 222550
Asst. Executive Engineer, Vazhathopu
04862 232327
Asst. Executive Engineer, Kattapana
04868 272264
Asst.
Executive
Engineer,
Kattapana 04868 272448
Division
Asst. Executive Engineer, Chithirapuram
04865 263237
Asst. Executive Engineer, Rajakumary
04868 244040
Asst. Executive Engineer, Peermadu
04869 232037
Electrical
Inspectorate
Office, 04862 253465
Moolamattom
91
Superintending Engineering Generation
Circle
Chithirapuram
04865 263229
Power House Moolamattom
04862 252053
Pallivasal,
04865 263225
Sengulam
04864 276226
Generation Circle
Chief Engineer Moolamattom
04862 252511
Deputy Chief Engineer, Moolamattom
04862 252029
Circuit House Moolamattom
04862 252050
Research Division
XII
XIII
Supdt. Engineer Idukki
04862 232221
Deputy. Director, Vazhathopu
04862 235221
Deputy. Director, Rajakumary
04868 244040
Transport
Regional Transport Office, Kuyilimala
04862 232244
Joint RTO Thodupuzha
04862 225564
Joint RTO Vandiperiyar
04869 232733
Water Authority
Kerala Water Authority, Thodupuzha
04862 222812
92
XIV
XV
PH Division Kattapana
04868 250101
PH Sub Division Thodupuzha
04862 222912
PH Sub Division, Painave
04862 232388
PH Sub Division, Kattapana
04868 272011
PH Sub Division, Peermadu
04869 232220
Fire and Rescue Forces
Kattapana
04868 272300
Thodupuzha
04862 222911
Munnar
04865 230290
Idukki
04862 236100
Educational Department
Deputy Director Education, Thodupuzha
04862 222996
Dist. Educational Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222863
Dist. Educational Office, Kattapana
04868 272439
Asst. Educational Office, Thodupuzha
04862 223869
Asst. Educational Office, Adimaly
04864 222953
Asst. Educational Office, Arakulam
04862 252902
Asst. Educational Office, Kattapana
04868 273139
Asst. Educational Office, Munnar
04865 232579
93
XVI
Asst. Educational Office, Nedumkandam
04868 232283
Asst. Educational Office, Peermadu
04869 232809
DPEP Diet Thodupuzha
04862 226895
Judiciary
District Court Muttom
04862 222263
District Family Court, Thodupuzha
04862 221682
District Govt. Pleader, Thodupuzha
04862 227877
Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum
04862 232552
Sub Jail Superintendent Devikulam
04865 264226
Sub Jail Superintendent Peermadu
04869 232089
Industrial Tribunal and Judge, Employees
04869 242282
Insurance Court, Elappara
XVII
Labour
District Labour Office, Thodupuzha
04862 223459
Deputy Labour Office Thodupuzha
04862 222363
Deputy Labour Office Munnar
04865 230384
Deputy Labour Office Nedumkandam
04868 232748
Deputy Labour Office Peermadu
04869 232022
Town
Employment
Exchange, 04862 222172
Thodupuzha
94
District Employment Officer, Kattapana
XVIII
XIX
XX
04868 272261
Housing Board
Housing Board, Kattapana
04868 272412
Housing board, Thodupuzha
04862 224530
Ground Water Department
GWR District Office, Thodupuzha
04862 226199
Mining and Geology, Thodupuzha
04862 223484
Development
Asst. Development Commissioner, Idukki
04862 233002
District Development Office Scheduled 04862 252003
Caste, Moolamattom
District Development Officer NABARD, 04862 223705
Thodupuzha
District Rural Development Authority, 04862 233037
Project Office, Painave
Idukki
Development
Authority, 04862 232224
Vazhathopu
Integrated Tribal Development Project 04862 222399
Officer, Thodupuzha
XXI
Factories
District Industries Center, Cheruthony
Inspector
of
Factories
and
04862 235507
Boilers, 04862 222936
95
Thodupuzha
Taluk Industries Office, Thodupuzha
XXII
04862 225697
Statistical Department
District Economic and statistic Office, 04862 222856
Muthalakodam
XXIII
XXIV
XXV
District Panchayat
District Panchayat President
04862 232385
District Panchayt Secretary
04862 232382
Block Panchayat
Adimaly
04864 222671, 223045
Devikulam
04865 264201
Nedumkandam
04868 232060
Elamdesam
04862 276909, 276380
Idukki
04862 235290
Kattapana
04868 272482
Thodupuzha
04862 222464
Azhutha
04869 232059
Municipalities, Block & Panchayt
Deputy
Director
of
Panchayts
, 04862 222815
Thodupuzha
96
Muncipal Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222711
Muncipal Chairperson, Thodupuzha
04862 223408
Adimaly Block
1
Adimaly
04864 222160
2
Konnathady
04864 262347
3
Bisionvalley
04865 265264
4
Vellathooval
04864 276222
5
Pallivasal
04865 263239
Devikulam Block
1
Marayoor
04865 252279
2
Munnar
04865 230322
3
Kanthaloor
04865 246208
4
Vattavada
04865 214054
5
Santhanpara
04868 247230
6
Chinnakanal
04865249343
7
Mankulam
04865 263133
8
Devikulam
04865 249573
Nedumkandam Block
1
Pampadumpara
04868 236262
97
2
Senapathi
04868 245241
3
Karunapuram
04868 236207
4
Rajakad
04868 242343
5
Nedumkandam
04868 232038
6
Udumbanchola
04868 237360
7
Rajakumari
04868 243248
Elemdesam Block
1
Vannapuram
04862 245339
2
Udumbanoor
04862 272041
3
Kodikulam
04862 264321
4
Alakkode
04862 276246
5
Velliyamattom
04862 276226
6
Karimanoor
04862 262221
7
Kudaythoor
04862 255069
Idukki Block
1
Idukki Kanjikuzhy
04862 239210
2
Vathikudy
04868 263231
3
Arakulam
04862 252030
4
Kamakshi
04868 275250
98
5
Vazhathope
04862 235627
6
Mariyapuram
04862 235645
Kattapana block
1
Kattapana
04868 272235
2
Upputahra
04868 244241
3
Vandanmedu
04868 277028
4
Kanchiyar
04868 271211
5
Erattayar
04868 276005
6
Ayyappancoil
04868 244304
7
Chakkupallam
04868 282229
Thodupuzha Block
1
Kumaramangalam
04862 200687
2
Muttom
04862 255022
3
Edavetty
04862 223809
4
Karimkunnam
04862 242322
5
Manakkadu
04862 202248
6
Purapuzha
04862 273049
Azhutha Block
1
Peruvanthanam
04869 280330
99
2
Kumily
04869 322071
3
Kokkayar
04828 284148
4
Peermadu
04869 232038
5
Elappara
04869 242244
6
Vandiperiyar
04869 252258
Revenue Villages
I
Thodupuzha Taluk
1
Thodupuzha
04862 222098
2
Muttom
04862 257210
3
Karikkode
04862 222848
4
Alakode
04862 277855
5
Kumaramangalam
04862 200213
6
Manakkadu
04862 202313
7
Karimkunnam
04862 243980
8
Purapuzha
04862 274482
9
Karimanoor
04862 263443
10
Udumbanoor
04862 214235
11
Neyyaserry
04862 263870
12
Vannapuram
04862 246500
100
13
Kodikulam
04862 264952
14
Kudayathoor
04862 257220
15
Velliyamattom
04862 277863
16
Idukki
04862 232393
17
Arakulam
04862 253388
18
Elappally
04862 288092
19
Kanjikuzhay
04862 239582
II
Peermadu Taluk
1
Peruvanthanam
04869 280970
2
Kokkayar
04828 284404
3
Vagamon
04869 248432
4
Elappara
04869 242897
5
Upputhara
04869 244756
6
Peermadu
04869 232765
7
Mlappara
04869 281008
8
Periyar
04869 224243
9
Manjumala
04869 253362
10
Kumily
04869 224252
III
Devikulam Taluk
101
1
Mannamkandam
04864 222002
2
Vellathooval
04864 276201
3
Pallivasal
04864 263212
4
Kunjithanni
04865 263124
5
Anaviratty
04864 279241
6
Kannan Devan Hills
04865 264376
7
Marayoor
04865 252224
8
Keezhathoor
04865 264401
9
Kanthaloor
04865 246398
10
Kottakamboor
04865 214178
11
Vattavada
04865 214177
12
Mankulam (C/o)
04864 278508
IV
Udumbanchola Taluk
1
Santhanpara
04868 247182
2
Chinnakanal
04868 249628
3
Rajakad
04868 241084
4
Konnathady
04868 262902
5
Pooppara
04868 247183
6
Rajakumary
04868 244021
102
7
Bisionvalley
04865 265122
8
Vathikudy
04868 260302
9
Upputhodu
04862 230888
10
Kalkoothanl
04868 232082
11
Parathodu
04868 232025
12
Udumbanchola
04868 237865
13
Kanthipara
04868 244022
14
Thankamani
04868 275293
15
Chathurangapara
04868 237866
16
Ayyappankovil
04869 244524
17
Chakkupalam
04868 283011
18
Vandanmedu
04868 288335
19
Pampadumpara
04868 221937
20
Kattappana
04868 273300
21
Karunapuram
04868 221944
22
Anavilasam
04868 263491
23
Anakkara
04868 288339
XXVI
MP form the District
P.T.Thomas
04862
103
Ex –MP, K Francis George
04862 229066 (O),
04852 811530 (R)
04852 812875
XXVII
XXVIII
MLAs from the District
P.J Joseph
04862 222780 (O), 273126 (R)
9446566300
E.S.Bijimol
04869(R) 242501
9446225273
Roshy Augustine
04862 235004
9447021314
K.K Jayachadran
04868 232301
94472315262
S. Rajendran
04865 231410
9447051410
Irrigation Department
Muvattupuzhavalley Irigation Project, EE, 04862 255049
Mtm
XXIX
Social Welfare
Social Welfare, Thodupuzha
04862 228160
Zilla Sainik Welfare Office, Thodupuzha
04862 222904
District Women‟s council
04862 230395
7.3 Contingency Plan
A management tool used to analyze the impact of potential crises and ensure that adequate and
appropriate arrangements are made in advance to respond in a timely, effective and appropriate way to the
needs and the affected population(s). Contingency planning is a tool to anticipate and solve problems that
typically arise during a humanitarian response
104
7.3.1 Contingency Plan of Landslides
Landslides are simply defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope and have come
to include a broad range of motions whereby falling, sliding and flowing under the influence of gravity
dislodges earth material. Landslide is always associated with earthquake or heavy monsoon season. So the
people should aware about the cause fact of the landslide or mudflow and be alert.
Landslides are common in Idukki district during monsoon season. The vulnerable areas of the landslide in
the district are shown in the fig. (Chapter 4 of Vulnerability Analysis)
To prevent the landslides we have to closely monitor the rain fall in the monsoon season. This should be
taken in every village basis and should be analyzed with experts and take necessary actions.
Preparation of maps and identification of landslide prone areas.

Identify the landslide prone areas in the district and have a close monitoring during the monsoon
season.

Prepare a landslide vulnerable map for the giving warning to the local residents.
Preventive measures

Shallow erosional slides can prevent by using Check dams, bally benching, asphalt mulch, use of
natural fiber grids such as jute or coir, use of synthetic grids.

Surface drainage – catch water drains, road side drains, Chutes.

Sub surface drainage – Horizontal drains, sub – surface trench drains.

Restraining systems – Retaining wall of different types like masonry walls, concrete retaining
walls, gabion wall, rock bolts in case of rock slope, pre-stressed anchors and grouting.

Other control measures like re-grading of slopes, benching of slope, provision of fill at the toe,
relocating the location of the facility to avoid landslide prone areas.

Revetments, spurs, dykes, groins to protect slopes against river and stream erosion.

Display boards for the public the areas prone for the landslides to avoid accidents.

Plant barren and sloppy areas in hills with suitable trees.

District administration should study the vulnerable areas and take appropriate preventive steps.
105
7.3.2 Contingency Plan of Floods
The areas vulnerable to flood in rainy season area shown in the table 2.1 (Chapter 4 Vulnerability
Analysis).
Rain Recording and Rainfall Reporting
The rain recording stations are available in all the 4 taluks of the district. The section clerk will be the
recording officer. The rainfall report from each rain recording station is transmitted to the district control
room daily through telephone/internet in the prescribed format. It will consolidate in the district control
room and this will share with state offices and other research organizations.
Sl.No.
Taluk
Name of the Gauge station
1
Thodupuzha
Thodupuzha taluk office
2
Devikulam
Devikulam Taluk office
3
Udumbanchola
Udumbanchola Taluk office
4
Peermadu
Peermadu Taluk office
VHF based early warning systems
VHF based early warning installed in the District administrative offices, 4 talks and 26 villages in the
district. It will function round the clock during the monsoon season. List of VHF based EWS and
Emergency Communication Networks are given below.
Sl.No.
Taluk
Village
Tel.No
1
Peermedu
Periyar
2
Peermedu
Majumala
04869 253362
3
Peermedu
Upputhara
04869 244756
4
Udumbanchola
Ayyappankovil
04869 244524
106
5
Peermadu
Elappara
04869 242897
6
Peermedu
Mlappara
04869 281008
7
Peermedu
Vagamon
04869 248432
8
Thodupuzha
Kanjikuzhy
04862 239582
9
Thodupuzha
Elappally
04862 288092
10
Thodupuzha
Velliyamattom
04862 277863
11
Devikulam
Mankulam
04864 278508
12
Devikulam
Pallivasal
04864 263212
13
Devikulam
Marayoor
04865 252224
14
Devikulam
Kanthalloor
04865 246398
15
Devikulam
Vattvada
04865 214177
16
Udumbanchola
Chinnakanal
04868 249628
17
Udumbanchola
Konnathady
04868 262902
18
Udumbanchola
Chathurangapara
04868 237866
Udumbanchola Taluk
04868 232050,
19
9447023809
20
Thodupuzha Taluk
04862 222503
9447029503
21
Devikulam Taluk
04865 264231
9447026414
22
Peermadu Taluk
107
04869 232077
9447023597
23
Collectorate
04862 232242
Communication
To keep the communication in proper we identified ham radios operators are also taken from the various
sources of private persons and it shown in the table no. 3.2 (Chapter 2 Resource Inventory)
Control will also function in 24 hrs during the rainy season and we can contact them in case of an
emergency occurs.
Health Systems
We have well equipped health systems to function during the outbursts of epidemics or any other disaster
situations. The district medical officer is the incharge to control the situations and issue and order in case
of an emergency.
Sl.No.
Name of the In charge
Designation
Tel.No.
1
District Medical Officer (Health)
Dr. K.P.Ammini
04862 0233030,
9495383418
2
District Medical Officer (Ayurveda)
Dr. P.K. Jayalakshmi
04862 232318
3
District Medical Officer (Homeo)
Dr. M.N.Vijayambika
04862 227326
Steps to be taken.
1. Creating awareness about the health risks.
2. Improvement of personal hygiene and sanitation.
3. Disinfections of drinking water sources.
4. Preventive and control of epidemics.
5. Active survive lance in vulnerable areas.
6. Curative measure and treatment.
108
7. School health checkup.
8. Health education on use of ORS, tube well water and control of diarrhea diseases.
9. Coordination of revenue block and other government officials.
10. Maintenance of booklet for treatment of diorreohal causes daily in all institutions for proper
monitoring.
7.3.3 Contingency plan for Hailstorm
Hail storms are frequent occurrences that usually don‟t cause extensive damage. However, a
severe storm with hail stones up to 3 inches in diameter can cause significant damage. If you
follow some simple precautions to prepare for a hail storm, you will keep yourself safe and
minimize the damage to your house and car.
Prepare in Advance for a Hail Storm
Step 1
Know the signs that a hail storm is approaching. Hail storms are produced by strong
thunderstorms. Signs may include very dark clouds, strong winds, thunder and lightning and
heavy rainfall.
Step 2
Prepare a storm kit and make sure everyone in your household knows where it is. The kit should
contain a flashlight, battery-operated radio, fresh batteries, candles, waterproof matches and
emergency contacts.
Step 3
Keep your trees trimmed, and watch for any branches that could fall on your house during a severe hail
storm
Step 4
Check your roof for any damage that will make it more susceptible to a hail storm. If you are planning to
remodel your house, consider impact resistant roofing to reduce hail damage to your roof.
109
Step 5
Clear leaves and other debris from gutters and drainpipes so water can drain quickly.
Preparing for and Approaching Hailstorm
Step 1
Close all windows and external doors if you see a storm approaching. Close curtains to protect against
possible flying glass.
Step 2
Provide shelter for any outdoor pets or farm animals. Animals are particularly vulnerable to hail.
Step 3
Pull cars, boats and RVs into a covered area
Step 4
Pull lawn and patio furniture, garbage cans and other large objects into a protected area
7.3.4 Contingency Plan of Wild Fire
Department Nodal Officer
: Divisional Forest Officer
In Periyar Tiger Reserve is the one of the main forest in Kerala and also frequently occur the forest fires.
This Forest is divided into 2 divisions and has three control rooms. i.e., Periyar East Divisional Control
Room, Vallakkadavu Fire Control Room and Periyar West Fire Control Room. Vehicle is provided to
each of these control rooms and 4 phone line installed for east control room, 6 phone lines installed for
vallakadavu fire control room. In the vallakkadavu fire control room 10 watchers and field staff were
appointed. These control rooms are worked under the control of East and West Deputy Directors.
Flying Squad, Awareness campaign for the people those are dwelling in the vicinity of forest and also for
school students. Some of the programmes that are implemented for fighting against the forest fire are
given below.
1. A major innovation in this sector is the formation of Eco Development Committee and
conducting awareness campaign is given to EDC members.
2. Awareness campaign were completed through local channels become a great success.
3. Announcements in the areas of vulnerable areas of forest fires in the concerned divisions.
110
4. Frequent meeting (Joint Council of EDCs) should convene in regular intervals for assessing the
activities conducted and to integrate the activities.
5. Paste the posters that shows the vulnerability and threat of the forest fire and it disseminate to the
general public.
6. Distribute beat notice, leaflets about the fact of wild fires to the local people to living nearer to
the forest.
7. The activities include creation of fire lines, engaging fire mazdoors and formation of fire gangs in
the sensitive areas.
Early warning systems
Due to the geographical features, major villages in this district are vulnerable to landslides, cyclone flood
etc. So it is required to install early warning system in vulnerable villages, taluks and collectorates.
Proposal was sent to Govt. for installing early warning system in vulnerable villages. It is urgent to
install EWS in Ayyappankovil and Upputhara villages due to the threat of Mullaperiyar dam failure. More
EWS are to be installed in nearest places and river bank of periyar. So survey is to be conducted for
installing EWS. Government have allotted EWS in control rooms in Collectorate and all thaluks and
installation process is in progressing. The following villages are selected to install EWS and proposals
were submitted to govt.
List of EWS installed villages
Sl.No
Village
Phone Numbers
1
Ayyappan kovil
04869 244254
2
Upputhara
04869 244756
3
Kanjikuzhy
04862 239582
4
Velliyamattom
04862 277863
5
KDH
04865 264376
6
Pallivasal
04864 263212
7
Mannamkanadam
04864 222002
111
8
Konnathady
04868 262902
9
Vathikudy
04868 260302
10
Kalkoonthanl
04868 232082
7.3.5 Contingency Plan of Accidents
Road accidents are very common in hilly areas because of various conditions like poor vehicle
maintanence, road conditions, no strict safety regulations, careless driving, poor emergency services,
alcohol consumptions and also poor institutional capacities. In the case of accidents in National Highways
more than 72% was related to drink driving. The motor vehicle act and other related legislations and
regulations, including transport of hazardous and toxic materials are strictly enforced; the incidence of
road accidents would come down significantly.
The main impact of the accidents are loss of life, trauma, burns, and injuries, demanding surgical
treatment, poisoning or exposure to toxic chemicals. In the recent study shows that Kerala has become the
second most accident prone states in the country. The analysis of the accidents costs has revealed that
57% was due to loss of production, 14% due to medical expenses, 7% due to administrative expenses of
police and insurance companies, 6% due to court related expenses and 16% due to national value for pain,
grief and suffering of the victims.
MEASURES TO BE ADOPTED TO ENHANCE ROAD SAFETY
Policy measures
a. Establishment of road safety departments by national governments to build capacity at national
and local levels to monitor the magnitude, severity and burden of road traffic collisions and
injuries.
b.
Setting up of safety standards for motor vehicles in consonance with international practice.
c. Setting up of research groups to focus on road safety.
d.
Training of road safety professionals.
e. All the vehicles are insured and the driver is aware that he is not liable for any compensation
against the injured it can be compensated by levying a portion of the burden of the part of the
driver and the owner by the courts strictly.
112
Law and enforcement
a. Compulsory use of seat belt by car users.
b. Making it mandatory for children to sit in back seats only.
c. Mandatory helmet use by two-wheeler riders.
d. Daytime head lamp use by motorcyclists.
e. Proper stand posts should be fixed in the vulnerable areas.
f.
Technical inspection and emergency assistance to traffic victims.
Environment change
a. Designing roads and highways with special attention to the needs of vulnerable road users and
promotion of traffic calming techniques.
b. Marking separate lanes for bicyclists
c. Use of conspicuous colours (yellow) and reflectors by bicycles and other small and slow vehicles.
d. Designing of special Dividers (using Rubber etc).
e. In animal crossing region proper fencing, underpass, jump out, elevated road ways, wildlife
warning sign etc should be fixed.
Education
a. Pedestrians need to be educated to walk facing traffic in the absence of sidewalks.
b. Making road safety an integral part of course curriculum at least up to 10th.
c. Education of rural population through mass campaigning.
d. Training given to drivers about the basic signals and in some region animal crossing during night
and in that region driver should be aware about the basic principles.
e. Participation with private, non governmental organization and research institutions.
7.3.6 Contingency Plan of Dam Burst

24 hours control room should start in Idukki Collectorate also in Peermadu Taluk Office.

Identify shelters for evacuation of the residents from submerged area.

Replace the street light with good one by Panchayt.

Check regularly VHF based Early Warning system with all village officers, Taluk and district
Collectorate.

24 hours medical team should be arranged at Vandiperiyar, Peermadu & Upputhara PHC and
ambulance facility should also arranged.
113

In case of emergency in vulnerable area round the clock functioning of government officers is
necessary and it should give instructions to all offices by office head.

If the water level will rise upto 136 feet and alert should produced through mike.

Frequent water level checking in the dam and it should report to all the departments concerned
with.

To develop coordination between District Administration, Dam safety authority, KSEB and also
should take rainfall and water level of the dam.

Distribute road map of Idukki to all departments and take necessary measures for evacuating the
residents from inundating area.

To remove the intrusion in the river including the cultivation otherwise the easy flow of water
will be blocked and cause serious problems.
Pre disaster Action
Identify the vulnerable area i.e. dangerously exposed and moderate exposed area. To avail the data of
flood routing of every dam and put and identification mark in these areas.

Deployment of boats at strategic points and use of power boats.

To take the details of the residents, veterinary/ cattle‟s, agricultural etc. for calculating the
number and for easy evacuation and shelter arrangement.

To ensure the availability of free ration supply, safe drinking water supply, power supply etc in
the shelter and disaster area.

To ensure the availability of life saving equipments to the fire and rescue services.

To point out the shelters that should not be affected by any flood situations.
Response Mechanism

Organizing rescue operations by the coordination of Revenue Department.

To create alternative communication link to the officials.

To develop relief camp, health, organizing enough parties to the rescue of the disaster affected
people.

To list out the missing persons for finding them.
Post Disaster

Immediate rehabilitation of homeless people.

Distribute grant for emergency relief to all affected people.

Repair and reconstruction of damaged infrastructure.
114

To assess the loss of infrastructure, agricultural etc for distribution of grant.
Response system

If dam failure occurs immediate message should pass to all vulnerable villages thorough siren,
VHF based EWS, police wireless, Ham Radio, FM radio etc.

Flood routing should do through scientifically with the help of scientific organizations and other
experts.

Time of flow from Mullaperiyar to Idukki dam should be mapped with the help of experts.

Immediate action should take to exclude the water from Idukki and Lower Periyar dams to
accommodate the water from Mullaperiyar dam. The flow time will help us to take remedial
measure like to evacuate the people from vulnerable area. The dam failure should be immediately
alerted to the residents in the inundated area through siren, bells from church, temple etc.

Frequent classes, seminar should conduct with experts to residents, PRI members, officials of
disaster management, NGO members, volunteers etc. Mock drills should conduct for adopting
effective evacuation methods when a dam failure occurs.

Vulnerable areas should be identified by flood routing methods with experts. The data‟s that
related to inhabitants and its members, animals, agricultural crops etc. should be collected and
this should be kept in Panchayt, villages, Taluk and district administration. This will help us to
operate effectively in post disaster period.
Shelters that identified when dam failure occurs.
Sl.No
Shelter Name
1
St.Philominas HSS, Upputhara
2
O.M LPS, Upputhara
3
Govt. UPS KAritharuvi
4
Panchayt LPS, Elappara
5
Panchayt UPS, Elappara
6
CPM UPS, Peermadu
115
7
Mariyagiri EMHSS, Peermadu
8
St.Joseph LPS, Kuttikanam
9
St. Pius Xth EMHSSS, Kuttikanam
10
Marien college, Kuttikanam
11
Mar Baselious Engineering college,
Kuttikanam
12
Govt. UPS Pampanar
13
Govt. LPS Karadikuzhy
14
Govt. LPS Vandiperiyar
15
Govt. UPS Vandiperiyar
16
Panchayt HSS Vandiperiyar
17
Vandiperiyar Tribal UPS, Vallakadavu
18
Govt. VHSS, Kumily
19
Tribal School, Kumily
20
Govt. HSS, Amaravthy
116
Chapter 8
Response Plan
8.1 Introduction
Response is the process of combating a disaster and providing assistance to people affected by a
disaster. The aim of response operations is to save lives, protect property and make an affected
area safe. This is done by a number of organizations, including Local Government Counter
Disaster Committees, State Emergency Service units, Police, Fire, Ambulance and Defence. The
Disaster Management System ensures support and assistance are available as required by disaster
stricken communities.
8.2 Incident Command System
Incident Command System (ICS) is, "a set of personnel, policies, procedures, facilities, and
equipment, integrated into a common organizational structure designed to improve emergency
response operations of all types and complexities." ICS is based upon a flexible, scalable
response organization providing a common framework within which people can work together
effectively. These people may be drawn from multiple agencies that do not routinely work
together, and ICS is designed to give standard response and operation procedures to reduce the
problems and potential for miscommunication on such incidents. ICS has been summarized as a
"first-on-scene" structure, where the first responder of a scene has charge of the scene until the
incident has been declared resolved, a superior-ranking responder arrives on scene and seizes
command, or the Incident Commander appoints another individual Incident Commander.
8.2.1 Functions of ICS

To create and integrate communication flow during emergency period

To manage incident scene, and report through integrated and coordinated command plan

To facilitate procedures and protocols according to ESF Departments within in the city / District.

To put the communication system in place
to receive, record, acknowledge incoming and
outgoing information of any form during the disaster
117

To mange resources as per their availability such as– distribution of relief material with ESF
agencies required during emergency etc

Monitoring functional areas during and post disaster phase
8.3 ESF - 1 Communication
Background:
The communication ESF is primarily responsible for restoration of communication facilities. The
ESF on Communication should ensure the smooth flow of information that can cater to the
outreach in a time-sensitive manner at state level in response efforts.
Situation Assumptions
1. There would be a congestion in the network because of increased calls to control rooms
due to panic created in the community.
2. The initial reports on damage may not give a clear picture of the extent of damage to
communication network.
3. The affected site may cut off from the state control rooms and the officials on site and
find difficulty in communicating to the District EOC.
Nodal agency: Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
Supporting agencies: Existing wireless operators (Police, Fire) Telecom Dept., mobile operators,
FM Radio, Signals Regiment – Army, Ham Radio, satellite communication, Community Radio

Identify a Team Leader from BSNL

Identify Nodal Officers from Supporting Agencies.
SOPs for Nodal Agency:

Team leader (TL) of Communication ESF will activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of
occurrence of the disaster from the District EOC/ Other source.

TL would inform Nodal Officers (NOs) of support agencies about the event and ESF activation.

TL would establish contact with the district EOC for First Information Report

TL requests for reports from local ESF contact persons (this would be the local office of ESF
Nodal Agency) to understand the current situation and action taken
118

Based on information given by the supporting agencies, TL decides on the need to launch an
assessment mission to estimate the extent of damage to telecom services and network as well as
to come up with possible arrangements to establishing reliable and appropriate network.

TL communicates situation to supporting agencies and also requests to provide details on the
status of equipment and infrastructure in the affected area(s).

TL informs the Incident Commander on the status of telecom services.

TL works out a plan of action for private telecom companies and convenes a meeting of all ESF
members to discuss and finalize the modalities.

TL issues orders to establish systems and reports to District EOCs on the action taken. New
phone numbers and details of contact persons would also be communicated. If required mobile
exchanges would be deployed.(need explanation---mobile exchanges)

TL gets the temporary telephone facilities established for the public. Prior information on this
would be announced through media

HAM (Full Form) radio operators would be informed about the current requirements and
coordination mechanisms shared.

TL monitors the situation and arranges emergency staff required to operate established systems.

TL sends the Response team at the affected site with the required equipments and other resources.
SOPs for Quick Response Team on Communication

The QRT (Quick Response Team) members will reach to the nodal office as soon as they will get
instructions from the TL.

Once the QRTs receive any intimation from the nodal officer to reach at the site they would rush to
the site.

At the emergency site QRT members will take stock of the situation from the IC and would also
know about their counter parts.

QRTs would assess the ground situation and would send sectoral report to the District ESF agency. A
sectoral report would contain following:

An assessment of overall damage, listing specifically:

Overhead route damage (in miles/kilometers).

Cable damage (in yards/meters).

Specific equipment damaged.
119

Establish a temporary communication facility for use by the public
 Identify requirements of manpower, vehicles and other materials and equipments. Give priority and
concentrate on repairs and normalization of communication system at disaster affected areas.
 Begin restoration by removing and salvaging wires and poles from the roadways with the help of
casual laborers.
 Carry out temporary building repairs to establish a secured storage area for the equipments and
salvaged materials.
 Establish a secure storage area for incoming equipments and salvaged materials.
 Report all activities to head office
8.4 ESF - 2 Law and Order
Background: The ESF on Law and Order maintains the law and protects the property and valuable
commodities. It is mainly responsible to control crowd and avoid riots situations.

There would be panic and people will gather at a place.

The crowds may go out of control.

Riots may also take place.
Nodal Agency: Kerala Police
Support Agencies: Civil Defence and Home guards, central paramilitary forces, CISF, CRPF, Defence
Service Core.
SOPs for Nodal Agency

IC will call the TL of Primary Agency and get the ESF activated.

TL of primary agency will call nodal officers of supporting agencies.

TL would activate the City Quick Response Team.

The QRTs will be deployed at the affected site.
120

Cordoning of area to restrict movement of onlookers, vehicular and pedestrian traffic should be
done.

Any additional requirements at site to be taken care of.
SOP for Quick Response Team on Law and order

Quick assessment of law and order situation in affected areas

Support and coordinate with Local Administration

Prepare updates on the law and order situation every 4-6 hours and brief the authorities

Controlling situations like rioting and looting, and cordon off sensitive areas

QRTs will guide property and valuables in affected areas.

Control and monitor traffic movement.

QRTs will provide diversion of traffic on alternate routes as and when it is necessary.

The QRTs will also provide information about traffic flow along various corridors, especially
heavy traffic or congested roads.

QRTs will communicate to police control rooms, details on the field activities including
deployment and reinforcement of staff and resources and communicate nature of additional
requirements.
8.5 ESF - 3 Search and Rescue
Background: Search and Rescue operations are one of the primary activities taken up in a post disaster
situation. The promptness in these operations can make a remarkable difference in the amount of loss of
life and property.

Local community task forces will initiate search and rescue at residential level

Spontaneous volunteers will require coordination

Access to affected areas will be limited.

Some sites may be accessible only through air routes only
Nodal Agency: Divisional Fire Office
Support agency: Department of Revenue, Kerala Police, Civil Defence, Directorate of Health Services,
Quick Response Team, Coast Guard.
121



TL would activate the City Quick Response Team.

Quick Assessment of the S& R operations through Aerial surveys

Assessments of the specific skill sets and the other equipments required.

Using IDRN network to check and map the availability of resources in and round the disaster site.
SOP for Quick Response Team on Search & Rescue
 Assessment of damage (locations, number of structures damaged, severity of damage)
 The QRTs will be deployed at the affected site.
 Enlisting the types of equipment required for conducting the S&R
 QRTs will report the situation and the progress in response activities to the respective EOCs.
8.6 ESF - 4 Evacuations
Background: The ESF on evacuation is primarily responsible for establishing evacuation plans,
identification of fastest evacuation routes and alternate routes and coordinating evacuation logistics
during field operations.

Most of the buildings would be damaged and would not remain serviceable.

Many structures would be damaged and there would be an urgent need to evacuate.
Nodal agency: Revenue Divisional Office
Suggested supporting agencies: Kerala Police, Fire Service, Directorate of Health Service, Civil
Defence, and Coast Guard.
122

Team leader (TL) of Evacuation ESF would activate the ESF on receiving the warning of the
disaster from District EOC.

TL would inform Nodal Officers (NOs) of supporting agencies about the event and ESF
activation.

TL will direct the QRTs to be deployed at the affected site.

TL will gather information on availability of predefined evacuation routes.

Where the predefined evacuation routes are not available, the nodal officer would coordinate
through District EOC with other ESFs nodal officers and the support agencies about clearing of
routes and identifying alternate routes.
SOPs for Quick Response Team on Evacuation

The QRT members will reach the nodal office as soon as they get instructions to do so from the TL.

Once the quick response teams receive an order from the nodal officer for reaching the site they
would rush to the site.

On reaching at the site the QRT members will take stock of the situation from the Incident
Management Team at the site and their counter parts.
 The Quick Response Teams with the help of local task forces will start evacuating peoples to safe
shelters or open areas.
 The QRT members should concentrate more on evacuation in areas that have been worst affected by
the disasters.
 Reporting about all the activities to head office
8.7 ESF - 5: Relief - (Damage and needs assessment, Food and Relief Supply, Donations, Shelter)
==========================================================
Back Ground: In the event of a disaster there would be a need of disbursing relief materials due to
massive destruction of life and property taken place. The ESF on Relief should ensure coordination of
activities involving with the emergency provisions of temporary shelters, emergency mass feeding and
bulk distribution of relief supplies to the disaster victims as also the disaster managers and relief workers.

Probability of shortage of a critical resources
123

Immediate assistance to the community at the time of resource shortage particularly when
affected area is larger.
Nodal Agency: District Administration
Support Agencies: Department of Food and Civil Supplies, NGOs, CBOS, WDMT, Religious
Organizations. Municipal Corporation, Electricity Board, KWA, Health dept, Education dept, PWD,
BSNL, Animal Husbandry, Agriculture. NCC, NYKS, Blood Bank, Red Cross, NSS, Rotary Club, Lions
Club, IMA, Y‟s Men, Corporate Bodies, Qualified Medical Practitioners Association, Nurses Association,
Kerala, Vyapari Vyvasayi Ekopana Samidhi
SOPs for nodal agency

TL will activate the ESF on receiving the information of the disaster from District EOC.


TL will coordinate with all state and district level suppliers as identified with under IDRN.

TL with coordinate with other ESFs related to transportation, debris and road clearance to ensure
quality supply chain management of relief materials.

Ensuring composite relief with availability of complimentary relief material.
SOP for Quick Response Team (QRT) on Relief

QRTs will be responsible to management and distribute relief items to the affected victims
 QRT‟s will be responsible for reporting the progress on action taken by the team to the EOC.
 QRTs will provide information to their TL about the need of additional resources.

Assist local authorities to set up important telecom and other service related facilities

Initiate, direct and market procurement of food available from different inventories and ensuring
food supplies to the affected population.

Preparing take-home food packets for the families.

Ensuring distribution of relief material to the all the people including vulnerable groups of the
target area such as women with infants, pregnant women, children, aged people and handicapped.

Ensuring support to Local Administration.
124
8.8 ESF - 6 Medical Response and Trauma Counseling
Background: The ESF on Medical Response and Trauma Counseling will look after emergency treatment
for the injured people immediate after the disaster take place.

Emergency Medical services will be required by affected population

Likely outbreaks of epidemic diseases after the disaster.

Hospital services would be affected
Nodal Agency: Department of Health (DMO)
Suggested Support Agencies: Dispensaries, Mobile Dispensaries, Hospitals, Ambulance Service, Blood
Bank, NSS, Rotary Club, Lions Club, and IMA. Private medical association, Medicine Stockiest. Indian
Red Cross, Civil Defence, Fire Service, WDMTs, NGOs, CBOs, Indian Red Cross, Civil Defence, Fire
Service, NGOs, CBOs etc


Team leader (TL) of primary agency will call nodal officers of supporting agencies.

In coordination with the transportation ESF, it will ensure a critical number of medical
professionals to be reached at the site including specialists from other states.

If temporary housing arrangements are being made for the affected population, the ESF must
ensure high standards of sanitation in settlements in order to reduce epidemic outbreak.

Ensuring the provision and continuous supply of medical facilities (medicines, equipments,
ambulances, doctors and manpower etc) required at the disaster affected site and the hospital
health centres catering to disaster victims.

In case of orthopedic care required in disasters like earthquakes the immediate response would
have to be complimented by a follow up treatment schedule for a majority of the patients in/ near
their place of residence.

Trained professionals should be mobilized by psychosocial support.
125

Ensuring setting up of temporary information centers at hospitals with the help of ESF through
help lines and warning dissemination system.

TL will coordinate, direct, and integrate District/state level response to provide medical and
sanitation health assistances.
 On the recommendations of the EOC, the TL also responsible to :
 Send required medicines, vaccines, drugs, plasters, syringes, etc.
 Arrange for additional blood supply. Send additional medical personnel equipped with food,
bedding and tents etc.

Send vehicles and any additional medical equipments.
SOP for Quick Response Team (QRT) on Medical Response and Trauma Counseling

QRTs will provide situation and progress report s on the action taken by the team to the
respective EOCs.

QRT‟s will assess type of injuries, number of people affected and possible medical assistance
needs.

QRTs will ensure timely response to the needs of the affected victims such as:

Establishing health facility and treatment centers at disaster sites.

Providing medical services as reported by the District Civil Surgeon with District Control
Room and District EOCs.
 Procedures should be clarified in between

Peripheral hospitals

Private hospitals

Blood banks

General hospitals and

Health services established at transit camps, relief camps and affected villages.
 QRTs should maintain check posts and surveillance at each railway junction, ST depots and all
entry and exit points from the affected area, especially during the threat or existence of an
epidemic.
126
8.9 ESF - 7 Public Works Equipment support, debris and road clearance
Background: The importance of this ESF emanates from the fact that most large scale hazards such as
earthquakes, cyclones, floods primarily affect the building structures.

Access to disaster-affected area would depend upon the re-establishment of ground and water routes.

Early damage assessment may be incomplete, inaccurate and general. A rapid assessment may be
required to determine response time.
Engineers and masons may be required in large scale for the inspection of present buildings
Nodal agency: PWD
Support Agencies: Municipal Corporation, Military Engineering Services, Water Authority, KSEB, PWD,
Builders Association, Army, Railway, Fire force.

Team leader (TL) will activate the ESF on receiving the information of the disaster from District
EOC.


TL will coordinate with the supporting agency to mobilize equipments from the ware houses
through IDRN database

The respective supporting agencies will contact their respective personal to move the equipments
to central warehouse

The equipments like JCB, concrete cutters identified as per the need will be transported to the
site.

As per the information the nodal officer of Debris road clearance will make an assessment on of
the damages of roads and built structures at the site and surrounding areas

The nodal officers of Supporting Agencies will immediately start debris clearance operation to
enable movement to the affected site.

Review of the current situation is taken up by the nodal agency to update the support agencies
and to delegate their respective personnel to take precautionary measure to plan de-routes for the
transportation ESF‟s to be operational
127

All supporting agencies will inspect the road and rail network and structures within the disaster
site and surrounding.

TL will also ensure proper corpse disposal and post mortem by coordinating with ESF on medical
response.
SOP for Quick Response Team on Equipment support, Debris and Road Clearance
 Damage assessment including locations, number of structures damaged and severity of damage
 The QRTs will be deployed at the affected site.
 Enlisting the types of equipment as compiled from IDRN resource inventory required for
conducting the debris clearance
 The QRTs will report the situation and the progress in response activities to the respective EOCs.
 Undertake construction of temporary roads to serve as access to temporary transit and relief
camps, and medical facilities for disaster victims.
 Repairing of all paved and unpaved road surfaces including edge metalling, pothole patching and
any failure of surface, foundations in the affected areas by maintenance engineer's staff and keep
monitoring their conditions.
8.10 ESF - 8 Shelters (Relief)
Back Ground: The purpose of ESF on Shelter is to meet the physical needs of individuals, families and
communities for safe secure and comfortable living space. The ESF should also be able to meet primary
social needs of incorporating self management in the process.

Most of the existing structures will be severely damaged.

The offices of local authorities may also be affected adversely.

A large number of people may be rendered homeless.
Nodal Agency: Revenue Divisional Office / District Administration
Support Agency: Municipality, KWA, Local Civil Suppliers, PWD, Developmental Authorities,
HUDCO, Nirmithikendra, Cost Ford, WDMT, NGO representatives.
128
SOPs for Nodal agency

TL will activate the ESF on receiving the information of the disaster from District EOC.


TL will coordinate with all city and district level suppliers as identified with under IDRN.

TL coordinate with other ESFs related to transportation, debris and road clearance to ensure
quality supply chain management of relief materials.

Ensuring composite relief with availability of complimentary relief material.
SOP for Quick Response Team (QRT) on Shelter

QRTs will report to site of the relief camps.

QRTs will be responsible to management and distribute relief items to the victims.

QRT‟s will be responsible for reporting the progress on action taken by the team to the EOC.
 QRTs will provide information to their TL about the need of additional resources.
 Clearing of the areas to establish relief camps.
 QRTs will carry a quick assessment of damaged areas and areas that can be used for relief camps
for displaced population.
 Setting up relief camps and tents using innovative methods that can save time.
 Assist local authorities to set up important telecom and other service related facilities.
 Initiate, direct and market procurement of food available from different inventories and ensuring
food supplies to the affected population.
 Ensuring support to Local Administration.
 Locating adequate relief camps based on damage survey
Develop alternative arrangements for population living in structures that might be affected even after the
disaster
8.11 ESF - 9 Water Supplies
Background
The ESF on drinking water and water supply will ensure provision of basic quantity of clean drinking
water and water for other purposes in a manner that does not allow the spread of diseases through the
contamination of water.
Situation Assumptions:
129

Existing water storage bodies will be damaged and unusable.

There would be an urgent need of water to assist victims in rescue operation.

Break down of sanitation system.

Contamination of water due to outflow from sewers or due to breakage of water pipelines.
Nodal agency: Kerala Water Authority
Support Agency: Municipal Corporations, DC Office, Transport Department, Corporation, Fire Force
Dept, Police, WDMTs, NGOs

Team leader (TL) of ESF on Water Supply will activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of
the disaster from District EOC.


TL will ensure special care for women with infants and pregnant women.

Provide for sending additional support along with food, bedding, tents

Send vehicles and any additional tools and equipments needed.
SOP for Quick Response Team (QRT) on Water Supply

QRTs will ensure that supply of drinking water is made available at the affected site and relief
camps

QRT‟s will ensure the temporary sewerage lines and drainage lines are kept separate.

QRTs will report the situation and the progress on action taken by the team to the EOC.

QRTs will intimate their TL of the additional resources needed.
 Carry out emergency repairs of all damages to water supply systems.
 Assist health authorities to identify appropriate sources of potable water.
 Identify unacceptable water sources and take necessary precautions to ensure that no water is accessed
from such sources, either by sealing such arrangements or by posting the department guards.
 Arrange for alternate water supply and storage in all transit camps, feeding centers, relief camps,
cattle camps, and also the affected areas, till normal water supply is restored.
 Ensure that potable water supply is restored as per the standards and procedures laid down in
“Standards for Potable Water”.
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 Plan for emergency accommodations for staff from outside the area.
 QRTs will ensure timely response to the needs of the affected victims.
 QRTs will set up temporary sanitation facilities at the relief camps.
8.12 ESF - 10 Electricity
Background: The ESF on electricity will facilitate restoration of electricity distribution systems after a
disaster. In the event of a disaster there would be major electricity failure and many power stations
damaged.
Situation assumptions

Prolonged electricity failure.

The affected victims may be panicked

Halt of all activities specially jamming communication networking systems in the affected site.
Nodal agency: KSEB
Support Agencies: DC Office, Transport Department, Corporation, PWD, National Highway, Fire Force
Dept, Police services, WDMTs, NGOs



TL would activate the State Quick response Team.


TL will dispatch emergency repair teams equipped with tools, tents and food.
SOP for Quick Response Team on Electricity

Assisting hospitals in establishing an emergency supply by assembling generators and other
emergency equipments, if necessary.

The members of QRTs will establish temporary electricity supplies for other key public and private
water systems.
131

The members of QRTs will establish temporary electricity supplies for transit camps, feeding centers,
relief camps and SOC, District Control Room and on access roads to the same.

The members of QRTs will establish temporary electricity supplies for relief material godowns.

Compile an itemized assessment of damage, from reports made by various electrical receiving centers
and sub-centers.

Report about all the activities to the head office
8.13 ESF -11 Transport
Background: The ESF on Transport should ensure smooth transportation links at state and district level.
Within the disaster context, quick and safe movement of material and humans are a priority. It should
coordinate the use of transportation resources to support the needs of emergency support forces requiring
transport capacity to perform their emergency response, recovery and assistance missions.
Situation assumptions

The District civil transportation infrastructure will sustain damage, limiting access to the disaster
area.

Access will improve as routes are cleared and repaired.

The movement of relief supplies will create congestion in the transportation services.
Nodal agency: KSRTC
Support Agencies: KSRTC, Railway, PWD, Kerala Police, Municipality, Civil Defence, Civil Aviation,
Private Bus Owners, Private Air liaison, Scout, NCC etc.

TL of Transportation ESF will activate the ESF on receiving the intimation of the disaster from
District EOC.


TL establishes contact with the district EOC for FIR

TL requests for reports from local Transportation ESF contact person

TL communicates situation to support agencies and requests for detailed information on the status
of transportation infrastructure in the affected area(s).
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SOP for Quick Response Team on Transport.

The QRT members will reach to the nodal office as soon as they will get instructions to do so from
the TL.

As quick response teams will receive instructions from the nodal officer they would reach to the site
immediately.

QRTs would report the situation and the progress on action taken by the team to the respective EOCs

QRT will send a requirement schedule for the different modes of transportation e.g. trucks, boats,
helicopters to be put on stand-by.

QRTs will ensure timely re-establishment of the critical transportation links.

The members of QRTs will establish temporary electricity supplies for relief material godowns.

Compile an itemized assessment of damage, from reports made by various electrical receiving centers
and sub-centers.

Reporting about all activities to the head office.
8.14 ESF - 12 Help Lines, Warning Dissemination
Background: The ESF on help lines and warning dissemination should process and circulate information
about the welfare of citizens of affected area and managing the tremendous flow of information. The help
lines will be responsible for providing, directing and coordinating logistical operations.

There may be a flood of information and confusion about the injured population.

The communication with affected area may be partially impaired.
State nodal agency: Public Relations Department
Support Agencies: Dooradarsan, UNI, Press Trust of India, Cable net works NGOs, Media (print/audiovisual), NSS, NYK, Scouts & Guides, Education Dept., Department of Information and Publicity, BSNL,
AIR etc

133


TL would activate the State Quick response Team.


QRTs will report the situation and the progress in response activities to the respective EOCs.

Sending flash news of latest updates/donation requirements for disaster area all over the state

Assisting the EOC in providing updated information to national as well as at the state level.

Setting up of toll free numbers for emergency information assistance.
SOP for Quick Response Team on Help Lines, Warning Dissemination

The QRT members will reach to the nodal office as soon as they will get instructions.

QRT teams would reach to the site immediately after receiving instructions from the nodal officer

On the site QRT members will take stock of the situation from the IC at the site and their counter
parts.

The QRTs will coordinate, collect, process, report and display essential elements of information and
facilitate support for planning efforts in response operations.
8.15 Warning
Alert / Warning indicates the onset of a disaster for which a warning system is essential. The system may
range from alarms (ex: for fires), sirens (ex: for industrial accidents) to public announcement through
radio, television etc ( ex: for floods) and other traditional modes of communication (ex: beating of drums,
ringing of bells, hoisting flags).
At district level, district administration is the prime agency responsible for issuing the disaster warning.
The supporting technical agencies are listed below.
Disaster
Earthquake
Agency
and
other
geology
related IMD, GSI, CESS
disasters
Floods
IMD, Irrigation department,
Epidemics
Health department
Road accidents
Police, RTO
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Industrial and chemical accidents
Police, RTO, Department of Industries
Fire
Fire and Rescue Services, Police, Forest
Department
The following aspects may be considered in dissemination of warning.

All warning systems should and technologies should be maintained in working condition and checked
regularly.

Communities in disaster prone areas should be made aware of the warning systems.

Alternate warning systems must be kept in readiness in case of technical failure.

Only designated officers / agencies will issue the warning.

The warning should be, to the extent possible, clear about the severity, the time frame, the area that
may be affected.

Warning statements should be conveyed in the local dialect, in simple non-technical language and
incorporate day-to-day usage patterns.

The dos and don‟ts should be clearly communicated to the community to ensure appropriate
responses.

Warning statements should not evoke curiosity or panic behavior.

Rumor control mechanisms should be activated.

All relevant agencies and organizations should be alerted.

Once a warning is issued, it should be followed up by a subsequent warning in order to keep the
people informed of the latest situations.

In the event of a disaster threat tiding away, an all-clear signal must be given.
8.16 Evacuation
The disaster management plan provides indicative instructions for response since disasters by their very
nature are different and often involves a combination of aspects which may not have been considered
during the planning process. In case of immediate threat to community, i.e., when the community is
exposed to danger within three hours and when evacuation within one kilometer distance is to be effected,
only designated persons may order evacuation on the site:

In consultation with technical personnel (such as in cause of toxic gas container leak)
135

In consultation with the local non- official (ex: Panchayat president)

For appropriate security and law and order, the evacuation should be undertaken with the
assistance from community leaders
All such evacuations should be reported to the District Collector and SP within six hours. All other
evacuations, i.e., threat after three hours or evacuation beyond one kilometer, can be ordered only by the
District collector or the competent authority designated.
The following factors shall be considered for evacuation.

Evacuation routes should be away from landslide or flood prone areas.

In case of inadequate transport or limited time, encourage community for emergency evacuation,
evacuating seriously injured and sick, children, women and handicapped, old and disabled
persons first.

In case of affected persons, evacuation must be carried out in the shortest possible time

The affected persons must be shifted to relief camps and within the shortest time possible they
must be provided water, medicines, first aid and cooked food. Water supplied must be in
accordance with acceptable standards of potable water.

Emergency transport and medical care should be arranged for seriously injured persons.
8.17. Control room and Charge Officers

Control rooms shall be established at Taluk and District level, and charge/ nodal officers shall be
appointed either before/during a calamity season, or when a warning/watch is issued by a
competent agency, or in wake of a disaster.

The control room shall maintain an updated list of emergency contact numbers.

The control rooms shall operate on a 24X7 basis and duty officers shall be appointed for day time
and night time duty.

The control room duty officer shall make necessary entries in the duty register regarding
incoming and outgoing messages and action taken.

Charge officers for each Taluk shall visit the vulnerable/affected areas and coordinate prevention,
preparedness, mitigation, relief and response operations.

Charge officers shall identify safe shelters that can be used as relief camps in vulnerable areas.
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
Charge officers shall take measures to evacuate vulnerable population to safe shelters/ relief
camps, if needed. Immediate financial and medical assistance, food, drinking water etc shall be
provided to the families accommodated in relief camps. Other essential services like water
supply, electricity, sanitation facilities, measures to prevent epidemics etc shall be ensured.

The details of relief camps (location of relief camp, number of families, persons accommodated
in each camp, details of medical camps conducted and other facilities provided) shall be reported
daily to the Taluk and district control rooms.

Charge officers shall ensure proper documentation of damages and arrange for video recording/
taking photographs of damages.

Charge officers shall ensure that the daily reports on the disaster are communicated to District/
State control rooms.

Charge officers shall establish local control rooms at disaster site, if necessary
8.18 Duties and responsibilities of various departments/ Officers
The duties and responsibilities of the various departments/ officers outlined below are indicative and
every department shall preferably prepare Standard Operating Procedures for inter and intra departmental
coordination. General guidelines for all departments are as given below.
Normal Time Activity:

Assess the preparedness level of the department

Maintain updated inventories of resources: material, human and institutional, which may be
of use during the relief and response phase

Maintain updated emergency contact details
Activities on receipt of warning or invocation of disaster management plan:

With in the affected district/ Tahsil, leave sanctioned to the department personnel, as
requisitioned by the District Collector will stand cancelled and the personnel will be back on
duty.

Out of station officers and staff will be recalled.

All personnel working within the district come under the direction and control of the District
Collector.

Fill department vehicles with fuel and park them in a protected area
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1. Village Officers

Village officers shall collect and maintain an updated emergency contact
directory and inventory of human, material and institutional resources available
within and in the vicinity of the village.

Village officers shall assess and report the damages and losses on a day-to-day
basis. They shall assist the officials from other departments like Agriculture
Department in conducting Joint Damage Assessments for different sectors.

The daily reports and first information reports shall be sent in specified formats
to the Taluk control rooms.

In case of a major calamity, village officers shall not leave the headquarters
without prior permission of the Tahasildar

The village officers shall take necessary actions for distributing the relief/
Exgratia etc within 24 hours
2.
Health Department

Ensure preparedness of health department for mass causality management, relief
operations, trauma care and psychosocial support to disaster victims.

Stock emergency medical equipment and drugs, which may be required after a
disaster, and make arrangements for purchase if needed

Establish public information centre

Mobilize medical teams and supplies to provide immediate medical assistance in
the vulnerable areas, affected areas and in relief camps

Take measures for disease surveillance and to prevent epidemic spread in
endemic and vulnerable areas as well as relief camps

Plan for vector control programmes
3. District Supply Officer

Shall make sure the availability of food grain and other supplies in the depot‟s in
vulnerable areas, for providing free ration to affected population if necessary
4. Agriculture Department

Provide information to all concerned about the disasters, likely damages to crops
and plantations and information about ways to protect the same
138

Monitor the drought situation, establish pest and diseases monitoring systems and
advice the farmers on mitigation measures

Assess the direct and indirect loss in the agricultural sector due to disasters and
report the village wise details on a weekly basis and estimate needs

Establish public information center
5. Education Department

Ensure the structural safety of school buildings before the commencement of
every academic year.

Take measures to ensure that all schools improve their disaster preparedness and
take up prevention and mitigation measures.

Direct schools to prepare School Disaster Management Plans and conduct mock
drills twice in every academic year.

In case of a disaster in school or affecting school(s), coordinate with other
departments and emergency management officials to ensure quick and efficient
emergency response and relief operations.

Assist the revenue department in identifying schools for operating relief camps in
vulnerable/ affected areas and make schools available for the same.
6. Kerala State Electricity Board

Review and update precautionary measures and procedures and check emergency
tool kits

Immediately undertake inspection from the time of receipt of warning of the high
tension lines, towers, substations, transformers, insulators, poles and other
equipments

Conduct damage assessment through reconnaissance surveys and report the same

Disconnect the main electricity supply to the affected area, if required

Undertake repair/ reconstruction works

Establish emergency supply/ temporary electricity supply for key public facilities
– hospitals, public water systems, relief camps, control rooms, relief material
godown
7.
Police Department

Establish radio/ wireless communication
139

Provide guards as needed for supply depots, convoys for relief materials

Assist in warning dissemination

Assist evacuation of vulnerable/ affected population

Assist search and rescue operations

Maintain law and order

Traffic management, cordoning off the affected areas/ diverting traffic from
affected areas, and patrolling on all access roads to disaster site

Provide security to transit and relief camps, affected villages, hospitals and
medical centers and

Provide security arrangements for the visiting VVIPs and VIPs

Assist district authorities to take necessary action against hoarders, black
marketers and those found manipulating relief materials.

In conjunction with other government offices, activate public information center

Make officers available to enquire into and record deaths, as there is not likely to
be time nor person available to carry out standard postmortem procedures

8.
Monitor the needs of military and Para-military personnel in the area
Irrigation Department
Identify flood prone rivers and areas in the district and activate flood monitoring
mechanisms
Organize round the clock inspection and repair of irrigation structures and equipments
9.
Animal Husbandry Department
Stock emergency medical equipments and drugs, which may be required after the
disaster
Take measures for disease surveillance and to prevent spread of cattle epidemics
10. Water Authority
Continuously monitor the wells, lakes, ponds, intake structures, pumping stations,
pumping mains, treatment plant etc to prevent contamination
140
Establish procedures for emergency distribution of water if existing supply is disrupted,
and in areas affected by saline intrusion, drought or other pollution in the regular
water supply
Arrangements for potable water supply in relief camps
11. Public Works Department

Inspect all roads, road bridges including under water inspection of foundation
and piers

Inspect all government buildings and structures, and life line structures

Assemble emergency tool kits and maintain inventory of resources

Conduct damage assessments, loss assessments after a disaster
141
Chapter 9
Recovery Plan
Introduction
Recovery is the process by which an affected community is assisted in regaining a proper level
of functioning following a disaster. It comprises initial recovery, which satisfies personal and
community needs and restores services to the level where Local Government and the normal
responsible agencies can manage the continuing process. It also includes long term recovery,
reconstruction and rehabilitation measures. We can receive funds from the central government
and other donor agencies from outside country to alleviating the financial burden associated with
the provision of natural disaster relief payments and infrastructure restoration.
Disasters can and do destroy property, adversely affect the livelihood of people, undo
development initiatives and damage public infrastructure and facilities. The affected people and
the communities often require support, both in tangible and intangible form, to regain normalcy
and start life afresh from where it got disrupted. Each disaster could be considered as an
opportunity to reinforce the resilience of the communities and the resistance of the infrastructure,
so that adversity of the future disasters could be minimized.
Recovery is defined “as assisting of persons and communities affected by emergencies to
achieve a proper and effective level of functioning.” In the immediate aftermath of an
emergency, and over the longer term, recovery is concerned with:
The physical aspects of restoration and reconstruction of damaged community infrastructure and
private housing;
The economic aspect of restoration of productive activity and local employment;
The social, financial and psychological aspects of personal, family and community functioning
142
Recovery arrangements are designed to embody an enabling and supportive process that allows
individuals, families and communities to move through the recovery process. This is achieved by
the provision of information, specialist services and resources. The Recovery process is therefore
a long-terms process in which everyone has a role – the Government including the selfgovernment institutions, the NGOs, and especially the affected people, their families and the
community.
An emergency may be localized in its effects such as in a single house fire or a road or train
accident, or it may have much more widespread consequences, as in the case of a major cyclone
or flood. There may be a need for community support, whether the cause is „natural‟ or „manmade‟. The capacity of people to recover from a disaster using their own resources varies,
depending on the circumstances of the disaster as well as on the nature of their community.
Repeated occurrence of disasters, on one hand, has fortified the coping mechanism of the
communities, but on the other, has trapped them in a vicious cycle socio-economic vulnerability.
It is required to take up long-term disaster proofing measures to enable the communities to get
out of the vicious circle and minimize their vulnerability.
Assistance provided will be adapted to meet the basic needs of those affected, with a focus on the
most vulnerable sections of the people. After disasters, special recovery measures are necessary
for vulnerable groups like people with disabilities, widows, orphans, children and uncared elders.
The recovery plans will also be gender sensitive and include cultural and biodiversity
components. This requires sensitivity and extensive consultation with the affected people and
communities and the inclusion of psychosocial expertise in the recovery team. Assistance may
include material aid, temporary accommodation, financial assistance, counseling and personal
services, information and community support and can come from a range of sources.
Experience demonstrates that recovery is best achieved when affected communities exercise a
high degree of self-determination. It should be seen as a developmental process through which
communities attain a proper level of functioning rather than merely returning to the previous
level of functioning.
143
Recovery involves much more than replacing what was destroyed and rehabilitating individuals.
It also involves a complex social process, which involves the whole community, and is best
achieved when the affected communities exercise a high degree of self-determination. Recovery
should be regarded as a developmental, rather than merely as a remedial process.
Agencies responsible for recovery management will be encouraged to incorporate the following
principles into their recovery plans.
Recovery from a disaster is an enabling and supportive process that allows individuals, families
and communities to attain a proper level of functioning through the provision of information,
specialist services and resources.
The process has to be properly planned, clearly understood and effectively executed by recovery
agencies, response agencies and the community. For this purpose requisite training need be
imparted to the community and the people executing it.
Recovery management arrangements are most effective when the complexities and dynamics of
recovery processes are properly recognized and are dovetailed into the changing needs of
affected individuals, families and groups within the community.
Evolution of the recovery process with the participation of the community and with use of local
resources and expertise is best suited for over all community development.
Recovery management is most effective when agencies providing services in health, education,
social welfare sectors play a major role in all levels of key decision making.
For holistic recovery, environmental, social and psychological recovery processes should be
integrated with infrastructural and economic recovery.
Recovery process is more effective when the plan is comprehensive, executed at the earliest and
as per the planned time schedule and the distribution is equitable.
144
Annexure I
ABBREVIATIONS
CMG
Crisis Management Group
EOC
Emergency Operating Centers
DEOC
District Emergency Operating Centers
ESF
Emergency Support Functions
GIS
Geographic Information System
IMD
India Meterological Department
ICS
Incident Command System
NIDM
National Institute of Disaster Management
SOP
Stanadrd Operating Procedure
DDMP
District Disaster Managmengt Plan
SDMA
State Disaster Managemnet Auhtority
DDMA
District Disaster Managemnet Authority
HPC
High Powered Committee
FRL
Full Reservoir Level
NGOs
Non-governmental Organizations
PDS
Public Distribution System
PHCs
Primary Health Centers
VHF
Very high Frequency
PWD
Public Works Department
BMTPC
Building Materials & Technology Promotion council
145
Annexure 2
References
1. Source Book on District Disaster Management, Mr.P. Michel Vetha Siromony,
Ministry of Agriculture & Co-operation, Govt. of India.
2. National Disaster Response Plan, National Center for Disaster Management,
Indian Institute of Public Administration.
3. Manual on Natural Disaster Management in India, National Centre for Disaster
Management, Indian Institute of Public Administration, Mr. M.C.Gupta, Vinod
K.Sharama, Mr. L.C.Gupt, Mr. B.K.Tamini
4. The Sphere Project Handbook, Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in
Disaster Response.
5. Disaster Response, Principles of Preparation and Coordination
http://orgmail2.coe-dmha.org/dr/DisasterResponse.nsf/section-
146
Annexure 3
Departmental Plans - Police Department
Working Nature of Police Control Room
Any type of accident happened in the district it should inform to District special branchOffice. As per the
seriousness of the disaster the concerned officer should take over the charge of situation.
After received the information about the disaster, the district control room of special branch office will
work as per the instruction given below.
Act within 5 minutes.
a. Inform Concerned SI/HSO:When he received the information about the disaster reach the spot
with as much as forces and equipments. Contact higher officers for
informing about the incident. If the nature of disaster is more severe
contact available hospitals, ambulance, voluntary organizations for
more assistance. Instruct two officers to record the whole incidents in
the police station.
b. Inform CI/DySP
CI: Inform nearby Police Stations and convene more police forces.
Arrange a police team for handle law and order situations. Take over the
charge for controlling traffic, public etc.
DySP: Inform sub divisional officers and provide sufficient vehicles for
the force. Give command to each team (Traffic, Hospital Charge,
controlling Publics etc) Confirm sufficient equipments area available and
coordinate all other departments related with the disaster.
c. Inform SP, IGP, ADGP, SPMR
d. Inform District Collector
e. Inform major hospitals for become ready for accommodating the injured persons.
Act next 5 to 10 Minutes
147
a. Inform A R Camp and collect equipments like Generator, Lights, Vehicles, ambulance and as
much as forces to reach the spot.
b. Inform other Police Stations, CI, and DySP in the District.
c. Inform the officials of Health Services, Ambulance, Hospitals, Revenue, and PWD etc.
d. If the incidents are very severe inform major hospitals that are outside in the district with extra
facilities.
Act next 10 to 15 Minutes
a. Inform voluntary organizations in the District.
b. Inform Forest, Excise officials.
c. Inform Special Branch officials to reach at the spot.
Act next 15 to 20 Minutes.
a. Start a Police Control room in the spot and give the charge to an officer and a special branch staff.
b. Inform Inspector of Police - Telecommunications, to arrange the facilities for wireless set for
communications.
c. Start District level control room and collect informations about the disaster and convey message
to higher officials and other related departments.
Steps to taken when a disaster happened.
1. Inform Police Control room when a disaster happened.
2. Inform Ambulance, Fire Forces to bring the available facilities in the spot.
3. Find out what are all the hospitals available in the area and inform them about the disaster and to
be ready to attend the causalities and medicines.
4. Control the crowd in the spot.
5. Close the transporting system to the spot except the vehicles for rescue operations
148
6. Bring the medical teams to the spot and provide first aid to the causalities.
7. Bring the recovery van.
8. Stop the robbery from the spot.
9. Provide news that should be very exact stop to unwanted news.
Precautionary Measures
1. To equip the police force to address a sudden situation or disaster.
2. Collect all equipments that are needed for rescue operations.
3. Collect the details about the hospitals and its facilities
4. Collect the details of ambulance available in the district
5. List out all earth moving equipments with contact and ownership details.
6. Details of voluntary organizations working in the district.
7. Collect the details about the shelters and contact details of concerned in charge. (e.g.: Schools,
Community halls etc.)
8. Collect the details of Helipad available in the District.
Do’s and Don’ts for the Public
1. Escape from low lying areas to hilly areas because the low lying area may probable to inundate
with heavy flow of water.
2. Untie the animals, help and rescue the people those are susceptible to be in danger.
3. Inform distant residents those are susceptible to be in danger. (Use mobile phones, Land phones
etc.)
4. Help the aged, Children, Women and differently abled people for escaping from the disaster
situation.
5. Take only valuable things like money and gold when you escape from the disaster area.
149
6. Use equipments and seek help for rescuing people those who are washed by heavy flood.
7. Remove the injured and weak persons to the safe area and ask rescue operators for more help.
8. Check the list of residents and all of them area survived in the disaster. If more persons are
missing it should be informed to police and revenue officials.
Don’ts
1. Don‟t be heroic to help others for escaping from the incident
2. Don‟t collect all valuables from the house.
3. Don‟t robbed form neighbors house.
4. Don‟t carry heavy luggage‟s that we are escape from disaster situation.
5. First priority should be given to human being and exclude the valuable things.
6. Don‟t spread unwanted news among survivors and through medias.
During Landslides
1. Inform into the police control room
2. Inform fire force, ambulance etc.
3. Control traffic and crowd to avoid more congestion
4. Rescue the victims and move to the safe places.
5. Replace the domestic animals and home appliances.
6. Bring JCB, Tipper and other earth moving equipments.
7. Provide first aid to the victims and immediate help for consulting doctor.
8. Inform nearby hospitals to be ready for giving medical aid, doctor and medicines.
During Boat Capsizing
1. Inform to police control room
150
2. Inform to fire and rescue services, ambulance etc to reach the spot.
3. Inform earlier to the hospitals to become ready for accommodating the causalities.
4. Bring expert divers and swimmers for rescue operations.
5. Bring as much as police to the spot and conduct rescue operations.
6. Control unnecessary transportation and crowd to the disaster area.
7. Bring search light, arc light, generator etc.
8. Bring tyres, tubes, life jackets, rubber boats and promote those who know swimming for rescue
operations.
9. Arrange medical team at the spot to provide first aid to the victims
10. List out the passengers in the boat and list the missing persons.
During Motor Accidents
1. Inform accidents in Police control room.
2. Inform fire force, ambulance to reach the accident spot.
3. Inform nearby hospitals, about the incident and instruct them to become ready to accommodate
patients, medicines and other paramedical staff.
4. Control crowd, traffic to the spot.
5. Bring recovery van to the spot,
6. Bring the equipments like rope, generator, gas cutter etc for rescue operations.
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Idukki DDMP - State Emergency Operations Centre

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