Invest in the Future

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ABOUT STER GROUP
Founded in Erbil, Ster Group has emerged as
one of Iraq’s fastest growing conglomerates.
The Group’s core expertise includes
construction,environmental engineering,
consultancy, insurance, security,
power,communication, general trading,
tourism, information technology and research.
Ster Group also actively invests in a widerange of real estate projects.
A dominant leader in its domestic market, Ster
Group possesses an unparalleled level of scope
and experience while maintaining a global
reach that transcends international borders.
A STER GROUP PROJECT
STER TOWER BUSINESS CENTER
Work in comfort and safety
and grow your business
You can focus on your business instead of life support.
Which office space in Erbil gives you all of these amenities?
security to US standards
reliable 24/7 power
# 1 brand Air Condition system in the world
one contract for security, ICT, insurance and life support
flexible office options, shop area options
Ster Tower Business Centre – opening in December 2009.
www.stertower.com
Erbil-Ainkawa, Kurdistan (Iraq)
phone: +964 66 256 9200
Dubai, UAE
address: P.O. Box 214079
www.stergroup.com
info@stergroup.com
OUR GROUP
With you along
the way
All-inclusive
Services
Ster Insurance was founded in 2004 and is the largest private
insurance company in Iraq and Kurdistan. It is licensed by both the
central government and the regional government. It has treaties and
the right to issue internationally backed policies. www.sic-iq.com
Ster Company provides a wide-range of all-inclusive services and
support to industrial, commercial and government clients. Its
construction arm offers construction management, general
construction, and design-build services for a wide range of projects.
Internet Service
Provider
Business ICT
Solutions
Ster Logic is a new company within Ster Group. Professionally
structured along ITIL-guidelines, SterLogic provides a wide array for
ICT-related services. With the increased dependence on technology,
organizations depend more on IT services. By outsourcing these IT
services, organizations are able to concentrate on their core business
while we take care of their IT needs. www.sterlogic.com
TarinNet founded in 2006, provides Internet services to the
regional government, businesses and people of Kurdistan.
A technological pioneer, TarinNet was the first Internet service
provider to offer Internet connections to the Kurdistan region.
TarinNet is the biggest ISP in Kurdistan. www.tarinnet.info
Oil & Gas
Industry
Ster Petroleum primarily focuses on activities in the energy sector.
Having developed several strategic partnerships, the company is an
active player in the rapidly growing Kurdish oil and gas industry.
Professional
Security
Ster Security is a leading provider of security consulting and
planning services. Recognized for the expertise of its personnel, Ster
Security is made up of a team of highly trained and experienced
security professionals. Ster Security has the ability to meet a variety
of unique security needs.
Pure Natural
Freshness
Kani Water, producer of pure natural mineral water in Kurdistan,
was established in 2006. As a unique brand, Kani Water has become
a generic name for mineral and bottled water in Iraqi Kurdistan. By
providing world-class products known for their natural freshness,
Kani became a brand of the Coca Cola Company in 2008. Coca Cola
is the official distributor of Kani www.kani-water.com
Professional
Travel Company
Laru Travel established in 2004 is the only professional travel agency
in Iraq. With stock tickets from major international airlines, Laru Travel
can provide full booking services inbound and outbound from Iraq via
major hub cities. The company specializes in corporate travel and
provides comprehensive and independent advice on a wide range of
travel services.
OUR
PARTNERS
OUR PARTNERS
Zerin Nordic assists companies in developing and establishing business in fast growing
markets in Iraq and in the Middle East. Local
presence in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan and in
Sweden, enables Zerin Nordic to serve Nordic
and Western markets. www.zerinnordic.com
Coca Cola has returned to Iraq after an
absence of nearly four decades. Ster Group is
proud to announce to be a shareholder of
Coca Cola Beverages Limited in Kurdistan. In
May 2008 the first Coca Cola plant in Iraq was
opened in Erbil, the capital of Kurdistan.
Employment opportunities available
Email us at careers@stergroup.com for further information
Vanguard provides clients with professional
security operations to further their production needs in a safe and secure environment.
The company possesses extensive experience
in the oil and gas industry in the Kurdish
Region of Iraq.
Ebtikar Investment L.L.C
Head Office, Dubai
Tel : + 971 4 2661119
Fax : + 971 4 297 3546
P.O.Box : 1286 , Dubai, UAE
Ebtikar Motors- Sulaimania
Tel : + 964 770 5422 226
Ebtikar Motors- Erbil
Tel : + 964 750 4499 711
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FOREWORD
HE President Masoud Barzani
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President
Barzani and
Iraq's President
Talabani
talk before
the regional
parliament
election in Erbil
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0ILGRIMAGESAND#ULTURAL4OURS
ALLOVER)RAQ
4HEFIRST#OMPANYFOR#ULTUREAND4OURISMIN)RAQI+URDISTAN
www.babel-tours.com
,)6%4(%02%3%.4).4%.3%,9$)6%).4/()34/29
Babel Tours
Shlama Street - Ankawa - Iraq
Phone : + 964 (0) 750 719 6801- contact@babel-tours.com
Actively contributing to the
development of the Middle East
for over 40 years
Crescent Petroleum is the oldest private petroleum company in the
Middle East, with over 40 years of experience as an international
operator in numerous countries including Egypt, Pakistan, Yemen,
Canada, Yugoslavia, Tunisia, Argentina, in addition to its continuing
local operations in the United Arab Emirates. Headquartered in Sharjah
in the UAE, Crescent Petroleum has international offices in the UK,
Iran, and three locations across Iraq, as well as affiliated offices in
Egypt, Canada, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain. Crescent Petroleum is also
the largest shareholder in Dana Gas, the Middle East‘s first and largest
regional private-sector natural gas company.
In both onshore and offshore exploration and production,
Crescent Petroleum has shown its vast level of experience in the
construction and operation of oil and gas production facilities,
pipeline transmission and the drilling of deep, high pressure/high
temperature horizontal wells.
Crescent Petroleum is the only international oil company that
has had a continuous presence in Iraq for the last 17 years, and
has been the only international oil company to maintain an
operational office in Baghdad throughout this period. Being the
only Iraqi-owned international oil company, Crescent Petroleum
is firmly committed to the long-term development of the Iraqi oil
and gas industry and energy sectors.
Crescent Petroleum in Iraq
Iraq Current Projects: In equal partnership, both Crescent Petroleum
and Dana Gas are investing US$650 Million in a fast track gas
development project in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the largest
investment in Iraq for decades, providing employment opportunities
for over 2,000 Iraqis of all ethnic groups, and saving the government
over US$2.5 billion a year in imported fuel costs. The project is to
develop, produce, process and transport gas from two major gas
fields to fuel the urgently needed generation of electricity for at least
4 million Iraqis, which involves installing two brand new US-built
processing plants and laying 180 kilometres of gas pipeline across
mountainous and mine-field terrain.
“Gas City” Industrial Complex: In addition, Crescent Petroleum and
Dana Gas are developing a joint gas strategy with the Kurdistan
Regional Government to optimise economic value creation from
gas, including essential job creation. This strategy involves the
creation of an innovative, sustainable, synergistic gas industrial
complex. Similar gas strategies are being formulated for Anbar and
Basra Governorates, where Crescent Petroleum is already engaged
with the relevant provincial and federal authorities in a view to meet
local infrastructure needs, fully utilize the currently flared gas, and
launch the Anbar and Basra Gas Cities on an even larger scale than
the one in the Kurdistan Region.
Other Iraq Projects: Crescent Petroleum had previously conducted
a very large scale study of the Ratawi oil field in southern Iraq on
the request of the Ministry of Oil, and had finalized a complete fast
track development plan to achieve escalating oil production within
18 months reaching a plateau production of 250,000 barrels of oil per
day. Crescent Petroleum also conducted training courses for Ministry
of Oil staff in reservoir modelling, together with hands-on training
in geophysical processing and interpretation while conducting the
recent study of an exploration area in southern Iraq also at the
Ministry of Oil’s request under the jointly signed Memorandum of
Technical Cooperation.
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) & Education: Crescent
Petroleum has been actively involved in sponsoring important
initiatives related to Iraq such as the AMAR-Crescent Development
Centre in Basra; and has also sponsored three leading Iraqi
universities (including Basra University, Baghdad University and The
American Univerity of Iraq in Sulaimaniya) to attend the GetEnergy
2008 educational conference in London. On CSR, Crescent Petroleum
is playing a leading role in addressing local community needs,
where it has donated power generators, water purification systems
and public health equipment to the Iraqi people, conducted several
school building rehabilitation projects, and constructed a number of
soccer and athletics fields in different locations in Iraq.
PO Box 211, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
Tel: + 971 (6) 572 7000 Fax: + 971 (6) 572 6000
Email: mail@crescent.ae
www.crescent.ae
FOREWORD
<ddY
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HZchZ
Bernard Kouchner, French Foreign Minister
FOREWORD
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Rt. Hon. David Miliband MP
U.K. Secretary of State for Foreign
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Foreign Secretary
David Miliband
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FOREWORD
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The Honorable Lincoln Davis, Member of the United States Congress,
Co-Founder, Kurdish American Caucus, and The Honorable Joe Wilson,
Member of the United States Congress, Co-Founder, Kurdish American Caucus
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The Honorable Lincoln Davis
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The Honorable Joe Wilson
FOREWORD
Germany opens consulate in Erbil, 2009
Minister Falah Mustafa Bakir, Head of the Kurdistan
Regional Government’s Department of Foreign Relations
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HARDAM Co
General Contracting, Engineering, Power Supply and Transportation
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FOREWORD
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By Michael Ignatieff, Leader of the Official
Opposition, Parliament of Canada, Ottawa
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INTERVIEW
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;jijgZ;dg6aa
Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews
Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani
at his official residence in Erbil
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Khor Mor Gas Plant
Kurdistan Region of Iraq
El Wastani Plant - Egypt
Khor Mor Gas Plant Kurdistan Region of Iraq
UAE Gas Project
SAJGAS Plant - UAE
OVERVIEW
An overview by Professor Brendan O’Leary
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OVERVIEW
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OVERVIEW
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[dgXZh!ZkZci]dj\]hdbZfjZhi^dcZYi]Zl^hYdb
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VgZgZXd\c^oZYVh^beVgi^Va^ci]ZhZXiVg^VcX^k^alVg
i]Vi]VhgVkV\ZYXZcigVa>gVf!i]dj\]cdii]Zhdji]
dg@jgY^hiVc!VcYi]ZnVgZVX`cdlaZY\ZYVhi]Z
bdhiY^hX^ea^cZYhdaY^Zgh^c>gVf#@jgY^hiVcÉh
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@G<l^aacdiVaadl^ihiZgg^idgnidWZjhZYidaVjcX]
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Zcdgbdjheda^i^XVa\V^chi]gdj\]gVh]VXi^dch#>il^aa
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deedcZcihl]djhZk^daZcXZ!Wji^il^aacZkZgWZV
eVginidV\\gZhh^dc#
Eda^i^XVaan!@jgY^hiVcÉhaZVYZghhZZi]ZbhZakZh
Vh]Vk^c\ild[jcYVbZciVa\dVah^ci]ZYZXVYZ
V]ZVY#DcZ^hidhVi^h[ni]Z^geZdeaZÉh]jc\Zg[dg[jaa
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[gZZVcYegdheZgdjh@jgY^hiVc[dgl]^X]hdbVcn
eV^Yl^i]i]Z^ga^kZh#I]ZhZXdcY^hid^beaZbZci
VcYYZ[ZcY>gVfÉh8dchi^iji^dc!VcYidbV`ZhjgZ^i
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^cZk^iVWaZYZeVgijgZd[6bZg^XVcigddeh[gdbi]ZgZhi
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I]Zn`cdli]Znl^aacZZYidYZbdchigViZi]ZhVbZ
h`^aah^ci]ZYZXVYZV]ZVY#
OVERVIEW
=deZIZbeZgZY7n6cm^Zin
The Kurds of
Iraq in the
21st century
I=:E:DEA:!EDA>I>86AeVgi^ZhVcYX^k^ahdX^Zind[i]Z
@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc!VhlZ]VkZhZZc!]VkZbVcngZVhdch
idWZX]ZZg[ja\d^c\[dglVgY^cidi]Z'&hiXZcijgn#
I]Zn]VkZhjXXZhh[jaancZ\di^ViZYi]ZVjidcdbn
i]Zn]VkZadc\hdj\]il^i]i]Z^geVgicZgh^c>gVf!
VcYgVi^ÒZYi]ViV\gZZbZci!i]gdj\]Vc^ggZkZgh^WaZ
gZ[ZgZcYjb!^ci]Z;ZYZgVa8dchi^iji^dcd[>gVf#Cd
gZegZhZciVi^kZYZbdXgVi^X6gVWeda^i^X^Vc^c>gVf!
l]ViZkZgi]Z^gk^Zlhdcdi]ZgfjZhi^dch!egdedhZhi]Z
XdbeaZiZjcl^cY^c\d[i]ZXdchi^iji^dcVag^\]ihd[
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@jgY^hiVcÉh^chi^iji^dchVgZXdchda^YViZY/i]Z
CVi^dcVa6hhZbWan!<dkZgcbZci!eda^XZ!VgbnVcY
Xdjgih!VgZVaadeZgVi^c\VXXdgY^c\idi]ZgjaZ
d[aVl!VcYl^aaYZZeZci]Z^gZ[[ZXi^kZcZhhVcY
VXXdjciVW^a^in^ci]ZnZVghV]ZVY#@jgY^hiVcXdcigdah
^ihdlchZXjg^in!Z[[ZXi^kZan!VcY]VhgZhdakZY^ih
eVhi^ciZgcVaY^hV\gZZbZcih^cVhe^g^id[\Zcj^cZ
gZXdcX^a^Vi^dc#>haVb^hiZmigZb^hb^hl]daan
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Vcndi]ZgBjha^bbV_dg^ingZ\^dcd[i]ZldgaY#I]Z
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6Xgdhhi]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc![gdbOV`]did
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Wji]VkZWZZcb^cY[jaWZ^c\bdhianbdYZgViZ
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bZY^VVcYYncVb^XejWa^XheVXZ!^hVWZVXdcd[
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^i^hh]dl^c\YZX^h^kZeda^XndjiXdbZh/^begdkZY
ZXdcdb^XlZa[VgZ!Zc]VcXZYejWa^X]ZVai]VcYa^[Z
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hdbZd[^ihY^VhedgV!VYgVbVi^Xh^\cVad[egd\gZhh#
@jgY^hiVcÉhcdgi]"lZhiZgccZ^\]Wdg!Ijg`Zn!
^hVcZlZXdcdb^XedlZg]djhZVcYVcdi]Zg
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bV_dg^ckZhibZcih^ci]ZGZ\^dc!VcYd^ae^eZa^cZh
VgZWjidcZd[VcjbWZgd[bjijVaYZeZcYZcX^Zhi]Vi
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I]Z@G<^hYZiZgb^cZYidYZZeZceZVXZ[ja!
OVERVIEW
cZ^\]WdganXgdhh"WdgYZggZaVi^dchl^i]Ijg`Zn!cdi
aZVhiWZXVjhZ^ihcZ^\]Wdg^hVegdheZXi^kZbZbWZgd[
i]Z:jgdeZVcJc^dc#
I]Z@G<lZaXdbZhi]ZegdheZXid[i]Z[gdci^Zg
d[i]Z:jgdeZVcJc^dcbdk^c\id^ih^bbZY^ViZ
k^X^c^in!`cdl^c\i]Vii]Z:JÉhZmeVcY^c\YZbdXgVi^X
heVXZl^aaZc]VcXZi]ZhiVW^a^ind[Wdi]Ijg`ZnVcY
i]Z@G<#HjhiV^cZYIjg`^h]"@jgY^h]XddeZgVi^dc^h
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^ci]Z^ciZgZhihd[i]ZIjg`^h]<dkZgcbZci!l]^X]
l^aaWZcZÒi[gdbVYZbdXgVi^X!hZXjaVgVcYeZVXZ[ja
@jgY^hiVc!VhVWj[[ZgVcYbZY^Vidgl^i]i]ZbdgZ
ijgWjaZcihiViZhVcYegdk^cXZhid^ihhdji]VcYZVhi#
Ijg`ZnÉhgZVa^hih]VkZldg`ZYdjii]Vii]Z@G<XVcWZ
^ihWZhiVaan^ci]ZcZ^\]Wdg]ddY#:[[ZXi^kZY^eadbVi^X
^c^i^Vi^kZhl^aahZZi]^hk^hiVgZVa^oZY#
@jgY^hiVcVahdhiVcYhidWZcZÒi[gdbi]Z
YgVbVi^XVaan^begdkZYgZaVi^dchWZilZZci]Z>gVc^Vc
<dkZgcbZciVcY>gVf#IZ]gVcÉheda^i^XVaXaVhh^h
YZa^\]iZYi]Vii]ZH]^VgZa^\^djheVgi^ZhVgZi]ZbV_dg
HjhiV^cZYIjg`^h]"@jgY^h]
XddeZgVi^dc^hi]ZbV_dgadXVa
ZmiZgcVa\dVad[i]Z@G<
eaVnZgh^ci]Z7V\]YVY;ZYZgVa<dkZgcbZci!VcY^c
>gVfÉhhdji]Zgcegdk^cXZh#>gVc]Vhadc\ZhiVWa^h]ZY
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bdhigZa^VWaZVaan^c>gVf#L]ViZkZgi]Z^g_jY\bZci
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^cgZWj^aY^c\>gVf#
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gVi]Zgi]Vc^cYZeZcYZcXZ!]VhZchjgZYi]Vi^il^aa
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GZejWa^XVcEVgin!l]^X]VYkdXViZYi]Vii]ZJ#H#
<dkZgcbZcih]djaYhjeedgii]Z[jaa^beaZbZciVi^dc
d[>gVfÉh;ZYZgVa8dchi^iji^dcÄZmVXiani]Zedh^i^dc
d[i]Z@G<#I]^hXZcijgn!i]Z@jgYhYdcdiZmeZXi
idWZWZigVnZYWni]ZJ#H#!Wjii]ZnVgZ[ZVg[jai]Vi
i]ZXdbW^cVi^dcd[EgZh^YZci7VgVX`DWVbVÉh
YZiZgb^cVi^dcidl^i]YgVlJ#H#igddeh[gdb>gVfVcY
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idXdchda^YViZi]Z^gedlZg^c7V\]YVY!b^\]i
jcYZgb^cZ@jgY^hiVcÉhcZlanldc[gZZYdbh!VcY
YVbV\Zi]Z8dchi^iji^dc#
OVERVIEW
I]ZJ#H#/
AZVk^c\>gVf
A:6K>C<>G6FG:HEDCH>7ANgZfj^gZhi]ZDWVbV
6Yb^c^higVi^dcidegdbdiZVhZXjgZWVaVcXZd[
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>il^aaVahdgZfj^gZi]ZcZlJ#H#6Yb^c^higVi^dcid
ZcXdjgV\ZXaZVg^ciZgcVaiZgg^idg^VaYZbVgXVi^dch
l^i]^c>gVfÉh;ZYZgVi^dc!ZheZX^VaanWZilZZc
@jgY^hiVcVcYi]ZgZhid[>gVf#I]ZgZhedch^WaZ
igVch[Zgd[edlZgbjhiWZXdbeaZiZYl^i]i]Z
XddeZgVi^dcd[Wdi]i]Z;ZYZgVa<dkZgcbZcid[>gVf
VcYi]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc#I]ZhZ^chi^iji^dchVgZ
i]ZZmegZhh^dchd[>gVf^hÉVcY@jgYhÉYZbdXgVi^X
l^aa#Eg^dg^i^o^c\i]Z^gegdiZXi^dcegdk^YZhi]Zg^\]i
\j^YZa^cZh[dgi]ZDWVbV6Yb^c^higVi^dcidaZVkZ
>gVfl^i]^ciZ\g^in#I]Z`ZnY^[ÒXjain!`cdlcidVaa!
^hi]VihdbZd[i]Z6gVWaZVYZgh]^e^c7V\]YVY^hVi
dYYhl^i]i]Vid[i]Z@G<#
7jii]Z8dchi^iji^dcd['%%*gZ"higjXijgZY>gVf
VhVkdajciVgnjc^dcd[^ihXdchi^ijZcieZdeaZh#
>iegdXaV^bh!dceVeZg!VeajgVa^hi[ZYZgVi^dc!
bVehi]ZeVi]idlVgYY^[[ZgZciVcYÓZm^WaZ
[dgbhd[YZXZcigVa^oVi^dc!VcYXgZViZhbjai^eaZ
^cXZci^kZh[dgedlZg"h]Vg^c\l^i]^cVYZa^WZgViZan
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bV_dg^inidZmegZhh^ihZa[VhhjX]!i]dj\]hjW_ZXi
idXdchi^iji^dcVagZhigV^cih!i]Zbdhi^bedgiVcid[
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U.S. President Obama meets with
Iraqi President Talabani and Iraqi
Vice Presidents Abdul-Mahdi and
al-Hashemi in Baghdad
WHY INVEST IN KURDISTAN?
9ZkZade^c\
V9^Vad\jZ
Gareth Stansfield looks at the challenges
inherent in the relationship between the
KRG and the Federal Government of Iraq
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WHY INVEST IN KURDISTAN?
Iraqi President
Jalal Talabani
(left) and
President of the
Kurdistan Region
Masoud Barzani
(right)
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KI8;<@EM<JKD<EKJLDD@K)''0
9-10 September, London
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The Kurdistan Region is open for business
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www.krgsummit.com/bookings
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genel enerji
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WHY INVEST IN KURDISTAN?
EgdÒaZh
When the Kurds had a disagreement with Baghdad,
they used to go to the mountains and fight. Today, they
engage politically. Below are profiles of two key Kurdish
leaders in the Federal Government in Baghdad
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SECURITY, LAW AND DEMOCRACY
During the past few years, there has been a marked improvement in the
security of the Kurdistan Region, says Professor Brendan O’Leary
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SECURITY, LAW AND DEMOCRACY
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SECURITY, LAW AND DEMOCRACY
PROFESSOR BRENDAN O’LEARY INTERVIEWS
KARIM SINJARI, MINISTER OF THE INTERIOR
Minister, can you tell me what improvements
there have been in security since 2003?
Let me first say what it was like before
2003. Before 1991, people hated the
police. They rightly saw them as the tools
of Saddam and his repressive regime. We
then won our autonomy, even though it
was not properly recognized by the wider
world. We had to work very hard to build
trust between our new police and the
communities they protect. They are now
seen as law enforcers rather than law
abusers. We now have very significant and
willing cooperation from our public, unlike
Saddam’s police.
We were autonomous between 1991
and 2003, but we suffered from two
embargoes; that of the world community
against Iraq, and that of Iraq against our
Region. Iraq cut us off completely from
its policing materials, its colleges, and all
the basic essentials. The embargoes really
handicapped us. For example, before
2003 we did not even have supplies
of fingerprint powder. After 2003 the
international doors were opened, and we
were able to re-equip and make a fresh
start. Since 2003, coalition forces and
governments have helped us with training
and with equipment. We have received
help from some European countries, such
as Germany. Of course, we are not perfect,
but I am satisfied at our progress. We
have radically improved our training and
technological capabilities.
In our Police Training Colleges we no
longer teach Saddam’s history; instead,
we teach human rights, democratic
systems, and multi-party systems.
Our ordinary police are high-school
graduates whom we put through three
years of training. Our officers are college
graduates, whom we train for eight
months. We have a good and growing
number of women. We have police
recruited from the minority religions and
nationalities. Salaries have been raised to
a starting salary of 500,000 Iraqi dinars
a month, and we have decent pension
arrangements.
What is the scale of criminality in the
Kurdistan Region?
Crime, of course, exists everywhere: theft,
killing, assaults, rape and murder. But
compared with the rest of Iraq, or with
neighboring countries, or the wider region,
we are in very good shape. Moreover, we
have data, in which we are confident, that
shows a 30-40 percent fall in a range of
crime rates in recent years.
And how do you explain that?
Good police work, as you would expect
me to say, but our better police work
is explained by what we have just
discussed. I would also put it down to
our dramatically improved economic
development, and the higher employment
and higher income levels of our citizens.
What about security against terrorism?
We are vigilant, and we have been effective.
The Asayesh works on counter-terrorism
and counter-espionage. It is an intelligence
agency with the power of arrest.
We have a Higher Committee for Security
– the Interior Minister, the Asayesh, the
Peshmerga and the Traffic Police are all
represented on it. They plan and evaluate.
The Committee is replicated at governorate,
district and sub-district level (where mayors
are involved).
We cooperate. We know that intelligence
and cooperation are critical to our continued
success. We have helped the international
coalition forces, and they have helped us.
Many times we stop attacks inside Arab
Iraq, not here. If they plan to do something
here we nip their actions in the bud – with
the coalition forces or Iraqi federal forces.
Since May 2005 we have had no major
terrorist incident within the KRG, despite
the fact that Mosul, where Baathists roam
freely, is a mere 50km from Kirkuk. They
have tried to infiltrate us, but we have
stopped them – so far. Erbil, for example, is
a flat city so we have ringed it with a ditch,
73km long, which ensures we can check all
vehicles carefully without disrupting normal
life too much.
How can foreign investment and aid
help you?
In training and equipment. We worked with
Americans in introducing an investment
program performance monitoring system, a
computerized policing system for personnel
management, iris IDs of police staff, and
communications among police stations. In
a year and a half in Baghdad they could not
do anything. I urged them, “why not come
and practice here?” They came, and within
five weeks they did what they could not do
in Baghdad.
We are working to get a DNA machine,
and seeking better equipment to check for
weapons. The Koreans provided us with a
computerized fingerprinting program. We
will be constantly upgrading our systems
with foreign investment and counsel.
In many countries, police are a source of
corruption. Have you significant corruption?
What do you do to prevent it?
I would be a liar if I said I could assure
you that no police are corrupt, but it is very
limited. We are confident that salary raises
have helped; we also have strengthened
internal disciplinary investigations and have
punished infractions. We pay attention to
public complaints, and we try to put in
place systems of operation that minimize
the chances for corrupt conduct.
What about crimes against women? Genderbased violence? Spousal abuse?
The Prime Minister has rightly taken a
vigorous and tough stand on all these
questions and chairs a High Committee
on all these subjects – including genital
mutilation of baby girls. The Interior Ministry
has the lead responsibility. We have carried
out careful investigations and analyses and
have good data on all these subjects. We
have arrested and charged far more people.
They have been judged and in some cases
have faced execution or long sentences.
And that has had a transformative effect.
Women are now far more likely to come to
the police for help or with complaints, and
if the question cannot be resolved to their
satisfaction, we have safe havens for them
while we arrest offenders.
Enterra Solutions International, LLC
and its Kurdistan Business Center
are proud to sponsor the Invest in the
Kurdistan Region 2009 publication.
Through our Kurdistan Business
Center in Erbil, we serve as a
gateway for investors who have a
serious interest in the many
opportunities in the dynamic
Kurdistan Region.
We invite you to visit us when you
are in Erbil!
For additional information on our
many services for interested
investors, please contact us at:
KBCInfo@EnterraSolutions.com
ENTERRA
SOLUTIONS
INTERNATIONAL, LLC
SECURITY, LAW AND DEMOCRACY
AVl[ja@jgY^hiVc
The address given by Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani at the
opening of the Judicial Council building in May 2009
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SECURITY, LAW AND DEMOCRACY
Liam Anderson explains why a compromise between the Kurds,
Turkomens and Arabs is best to resolve the dispute over Kirkuk
Kurdish students
walk to school in
the oil-rich city
of Kirkuk
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
I]ZB^c^hignd[EaVcc^c\
Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews the Minister of Planning, Osman Shwani
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
From a firmly rooted agricultural industry, to a developing tourism sector,
Dr. Zeki Fattah, Economic Advisor to the Prime Minister of the Kurdistan
Regional Government, describes the Region’s key investment prospects
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews Herish Muharam,
Chairman of the Investment Board of the Kurdistan Region
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
Nishan Trade Center in Erbil
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
7Vc`^c\
The banking law of 2004 introduced an efficient
I]Z
banking regime. Now, international banks are choosing
@jgY^hiVc
to develop their branch networks from Kurdistan
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
STARTING UP INSURANCE
IN KURDISTAN
Dean Killock, Regional Director of
Al Fajer Kurdistan, describes opening
up an insurance sector in the
Kurdistan Region
I]ZWVc`^c\hZXidg^ci]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc^h
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d[[ZgVX]VcXZd[h^\c^ÒXVciXVe^iVa\gdli]#
Al Fajer Kurdistan insurance
and reinsurance broker (AFK)
is an international insurance
broker, which is part of Anglo
Arab Insurance Brokers
(AAIB) based in Jordan. As a
group, we have been active
in the market since 2005,
and established our locally
registered office in Erbil
in 2008.
The company provides
full insurance services to
businesses operating in the
Region and, through our
group offices, we are able to
offer clients a service in the
Middle East and the rest of
the world. We have a range
of products and services
for almost all sectors of the
insurance market.
The Kurdistan Region has
immense potential to develop
very rapidly and we see our
role as working alongside the
companies in other sectors
that are and will be expanding
the Region’s domestic
commerce and industrial
production. Insurance is a
necessary product for most
investors because it allows
some of their risks to be
minimized through the use
of appropriately designed
products.
The development of the
financial services sector in
the Region will certainly
occur. It will be driven by
the needs of private sector
businesses, foreign and
domestic. But equally, it will
take off extensively when
the Kurdistan Regional
Government starts to oblige
companies to comply with
insurance requirements on
projects contracted out to
commercial companies. We
also anticipate direct
stimulation of the insurance
sector through legislation
and regulation.
Together with the banking
sector, insurance has
played a pivotal role in the
development of the world
market economies. The
number and size of the
insurance companies in the
most advanced economies is
testament to that. Emergent
markets, such as the
Kurdistan Region, invariably
follow suit.
At Al Fajer Kurdistan
we are constantly looking
to innovate and bring new
products to the market. One
example is our international
travel insurance policy, which
offers medical and other
cover for travel outside of
the Kurdistan Region. Such
coverage is an essential
requirement for many
visa-issuing consulates or
embassies. The product
provides peace of mind and
security for travelers in the
event of illness or accidents
when they are away
from home.
We are committed to the
enhancement of the financial
services sector in Kurdistan,
and we are actively engaging
with public officials to
assist where possible in
the dynamic reform and
reconstruction process that
is underway.
We anticipate greater
understanding of the
benefits that insurance
products can offer in the
general marketplace, and
that our sector will be
recognized as a valuable
and necessary part of the
economic progress of the
Kurdistan Region. We also
expect foreign competitors
before long.
PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
Aydan Kodaloglu, President and CEO of AK Group International
Consulting, describes business prospects in the Kurdistan
Region from the perspective of a business consulting group
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PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
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Turkish trucks
wait to cross
Turkey’s Habur
border gate
to Iraq
PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
Egdbdi^c\
7jh^cZhh
By Yasmin Motamedi, Executive
Director, Middle East and Africa
Affairs, United States Chamber
of Commerce
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Prime Minister
Barzani meets
with Lt. Gen.
(Ret.) Daniel W.
Christman,
Senior Vice
President for
International
Affairs, and
members of
the Kurdistan
Region of Iraq’s
Investment
Task Force
PROMOTING ECONOMIC GROWTH
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Qubad J. Talabani
KRG Representative to the U.S.
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Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman
KRG High Representative to the U.K.
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KEY SECTORAL DEVELOPMENTS
K^VW^a^in!
HiVW^a^in!
EgdheZg^in
Kurdistan is on the road to prosperity.
Riad al Khouri reports
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I]Zk^VW^a^ind[@jgY^hiVc^hcdadc\Zg^cfjZhi^dc/
i]ZV^bcdlbjhiWZi]ZZcXdjgV\ZbZcid[[jgi]Zg
^ckZhibZciidVhhjgZhigdc\!hjhiV^cVWaZ\gdli]#
Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman interviews Bayiz
Talabani, Acting Minister for Finance and
Economy, about the ministry’s role and aims
BAYIZ TALABANI, THE acting
minister for finance and economy,
was born in 1944 in Kirkuk. He has
completed 12 accounting courses
in Iraq and outside the country, and
worked in the field of finance for
four decades, including seven years
at the finance ministry. Talabani
has been active in the Kurdish
movement since his teens. He was
injured in the fighting against the
Baathist regime in the Kurdish
Ailul (September) Revolution of
the 1960s and 1970s, and faced
imprisonment and exile. Talabani
joined the Patriotic Union of
Kurdistan in the mid-1970s and
remains a key member of the party.
What are the challenges facing the
finance ministry?
There are many challenges facing us
as we continue to rebuild Kurdistan
and Iraq as a whole. We need to
build the physical infrastructure,
but also to strengthen the economic
infrastructure to enable the private
sector to flourish and our society
to heal itself through peace
and prosperity.
The Kurdistan Regional Government
(KRG) should receive 17 percent of
Iraq’s budget. Does it?
One of our challenges is ensuring
that the 17 percent allocated to
Kurdistan from the federal budget is
received by the KRG. Although this
figure is part of a political agreement,
in practice there are disagreements
with Baghdad on the starting point
for how the 17 percent is calculated.
The Federal Government argues it
should be calculated after Iraq-wide
spending, such as for defence or for
the Hajj pilgrimage, is deducted. Our
view is the 17 percent should come
out of the overall budget.
We are in dialogue with Baghdad
on this and we continue to discuss
and negotiate – this is the new Iraq.
Compared with the days before the
liberation, the financial situation
in Kurdistan is much better. The
budget, the growing economy, and
the investment interest from abroad
are all things we didn’t have before.
You said the finance ministry needs
to encourage the private sector
to grow. Previously, you’ve also
mentioned banking and insurance
Yes, we need the private sector
not just to work, but to flourish in
Kurdistan. The Government can’t
provide every job and every salary.
As the private sector grows in
scope and strength, it can provide
sustainable jobs and help the
economy to grow.
There are many Government and
private banks in Kurdistan and other
parts of Iraq, but some of them do
little more than transfer Government
salaries and pensions. Some of
the private banks have links with
international institutions, but some
of these tend to have a small capital
base. One of the advantages of the
current situation in the banking
sector is that Iraq has been largely
insulated from the banking crisis
around the world.
There is interest from international
banks, for example, HSBC’s Dares-Salaam Bank has a branch in
Erbil and plans to open in Dohuk
this year. We look to international
investors to see the opportunities
in Kurdistan.
How are you making Government
less bureaucratic and more
transparent?
One of the successes at the
finance ministry is that we have
tried to cut bureaucracy and reduce
spending. We welcome the increased
scrutiny from the Kurdistan
Parliament of the KRG’s budget. The
KRG’s spending plans are discussed
in Parliament, and they are
scrutinised again, retrospectively,
to ensure the money was spent
correctly. These are entirely positive
developments.
G^VYVa@]djg^^hV9ZVcd[7jh^cZhhHX]dda!7BJAZWVcZhZ;gZcX]Jc^kZgh^in!:gW^a0VcYHZc^dg
;Zaadld[i]ZL^aa^Vb9Vk^h>chi^ijiZ!i]ZJc^kZgh^ind[B^X]^\Vc!6cc6gWdg#
RUNNINGHEAD
NATURAL
RESOURCES
GZkZcjZH]Vg^c\
NATURAL RESOURCES
From an address by Dr. Ashti Hawrami, KRG Minister for Natural
Resources, to a conference on the United Nations Assistance
Mission in Iraq with Iraqi parliamentarians, April 2009
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NATURAL RESOURCES
=nYgdXVgWdc
GZhdjgXZ
BVcV\ZbZci^c
V;ZYZgVaHnhiZb
Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews Dr. Ashti Hawrami,
KRG Minister for Natural Resources
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NATURAL RESOURCES
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We searched the world.
We committed to Kurdistan.
WesternZagros Resources believes the Kurdistan region of Iraq offers significant long-term potential for oil and gas.
Reflecting the wishes of its people, the Kurdistan Regional Government is nurturing a safe and sustainable environment
for today’s exploration and tomorrow’s production. WesternZagros Resources is proudly committed as a long-term partner
in achieving the full potential of the resources, the economy and the people of this region.
www.westernzagros.com
NATURAL RESOURCES
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Sarqala well
The Kurdistan Region
Talisman Energy is proud to invest in the future
of this world class oil and gas region.
We bring experience and expertise to our KRG operations:
A reputation for openness and transparency
Skills developed in global operations
A commitment to benefit the people in the areas in which we operate
www.talisman-energy.com
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^beaZbZci^c\i]Z8dchi^iji^dcÄ^c[jaa#
KNOC in Kurdistan
Since its foundation in 1979, Korea
National Oil Corporation (KNOC),
the state-owned petroleum
company, has been exploiting oil
and gas all over the world. KNOC
currently operates 46 projects
in 17 countries including the
Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
KNOC takes charge of ensuring the
nation has a stable oil supply by
exploring and developing oilfields,
stockpiling petroleum reserves and
distributing products. To achieve this
KNOC has spent 30 years developing
technical skills and experience.
In the regions where we operate,
we are ‘opening up the future’,
both for our company and for
economies and people. By taking
on challenges, empowering our
workforce, developing knowledge and
targeting continuous improvement
and development, KNOC brings
benefits to all.
KNOC is now targeting a production
goal of 300,000 bopd and a secure
reserve size of over 2 billion barrels
by the year 2012.
For more information, please contact:
Korea National Oil Corporations'WANYANGDONG$ONGANGU!NYANGSI'YEONGGIDO3+OREA
4ELs&AXs%MAILYIBONG KNOCCOKR
www.knoc.co.kr
KNOC in Kurdistan
KNOC started its oil and petroleum
operations in the Kurdistan Region
in 2007.
We started our exploitation operations
in the Bazian Block, which is located
in the southeastern part of the
Kurdistan Region.
Two additional operating blocks,
Qush Tappa and Sangaw South,
located near Erbil and Sulaimani,
were signed up soon afterwards.
Currently KNOC has three operating
blocks and two non-operating blocks
in this region.
+./#"LOCKSIN+URDISTAN
Operating
Operating status of KNOC blocks
"LOCKS
Bazian
Bazian Block
- Carried out remote sensing study
and geological field survey
- Acquiring 2D seismic data and
processing (350 L-km)
- Currently the block is under
evaluation for upcoming drilling in
2009
Sangaw South Block
- Carried out remote sensing study
and geological field survey
- Preparing 2D Seismic Data
Acquisition in April 2009
Qush Tappa Block
- Carried out remote sensing study
and geological field survey
- Preparing 2D Seismic Data
Acquisition in May 2009
Challenge, professionalism,
respect and contribution are
the core values of KNOC.
Participating Interest 50.4%
!REAKM)
473
Non-Operating
Sangaw Qush Sangaw
South Tappa North Khabat
60%
354
80%
1,003
20%
492
15%
530
Hawler Area
Dimir
Zab
Dagh
15%
441
15%
199
Hawler
15%
382
NATURAL RESOURCES
Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman
follows the successful
progress of Norwegian oil
company DNO in Kurdistan
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NATURAL RESOURCES
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Professor James Crawford, SC, FBA, LLD
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George Yacu looks at Kurdistan’s natural
assets. Many of these proven reserves
are within the Erbil governorate
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NATURAL RESOURCES
Iraq exhibiting oil fields,
geological surface structures
and structural anomalies
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NATURAL RESOURCES
Jonathan Morrow explains how new laws have
been increasing oil and gas production
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NATURAL RESOURCES
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RUNNINGHEAD
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Kurdistan is a key area for energy exploration
and production investments, says Jeremy Asher,
Director of Gulf Keystone Petroleum Limited
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NATURAL RESOURCES
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Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews Hoshyar Siwaily,
the Kurdistan Regional Government’s Minister of Electricity
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NATURAL RESOURCES
BV`^c\
@jgY^hiVc
<gZZc
Kurdistan’s bright future lies in alternative energy. Stafford Clarry reports
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NATURAL RESOURCES
Demonstration photovoltaic panels
at a building trade fair, Erbil
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NATURAL RESOURCES
I]ZgZÉh<daY^c
I]ZbI]Vg=^aah
NATURAL RESOURCES
The Kurdistan Regional Government is looking
to tap into a wealth of mineral resources, says
The Guardian’s Michael Howard
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@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc#Ç
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
Kamaran Ahmed, Chairman of the Sulaimania International
Airport, reports on the airport’s development progress
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
The Kurdistan Regional Government is developing
information technology as a driving force for economic
growth in Kurdistan. Botan Mahmoud Osman reports
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Above: Botan
Mahmoud Osman
(left) discusses
the KRG’s
e-Government
and IT initiatives
with Bill Gates,
Chairman of
Microsoft (right)
Left: A computergenerated image
of the new IT
training center
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
With a young population and
developing infrastructure,
there is strong demand for
new internet and mobile
technology, says Hiwa Afandi,
KRG Webmaster
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Delegates walk among the
stands at the 4th International
Erbil Trade Fair in Erbil
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
TELECOMS
Abdullah Mutawi of UK-based law firm
Trowers & Hamlins explains to Bayan Sami
Abdul Rahman, KRG High Representative
to the U.K., how his company advised the
Asiacell consortium on its successful bid
The Kurdistan Region’s two mobile phone operators, Korek Telecom
and Asiacell, were established in 1999 and 2001 by entrepreneurs
who dared to offer their fellow Kurds access to technology that was
banned under Saddam Hussein. The offering was simple at the
beginning, with Korek and Asiacell lacking roaming agreements and
their technology only working in their respective coverage areas.
By 2007, both companies had expanded their offering and made
international associations that would enable them to win two out of
the three licenses for all of Iraq.
Please tell us about yourself and Trowers & Hamlins.
Trowers & Hamlins is a City of London law firm with its
international practice focused exclusively on the Middle East. We
have more than 100 lawyers across a network of offices in the
Region. I am a corporate partner based in Bahrain and I head
the firm’s telecommunications, media and technology practice. I
spend a lot of time on the road as my clients are based in various
locations across the Middle East, Europe, North America and Asia.
How did you get involved in Asiacell’s bid for the Iraqi mobile
phone license auction in 2007?
In 2007, I had been advising Qatar Telecom (Qtel) on a lot of
its license acquisition and M&A work in the Middle East and
elsewhere. We advised Qtel on its partnership with Asiacell in the
lead-up to bidding for the Iraqi mobile phone license. Once the
partnership was established, we began advising the consortium on
its bid and advised it through the bid and auction process until it
was awarded the license.
What were the main challenges you faced?
We did not face any particular challenges that we have not faced
anywhere else when trying to put together a consortium of bidders
for a telecoms license. The fact that the key consortium member
– Asiacell – was physically based in Iraq did present one or two
logistical challenges from time to time, but otherwise it was
similar to many other deals we have worked on.
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How did this compare with your work in other countries?
We frequently assist clients in assembling bidding consortia for
telecom licenses and the consortium members are frequently
based in different countries. One of the key advantages that we
enjoyed was that Asiacell was already operating in Iraq and
was, therefore, familiar with the commercial, legal and
regulatory environment.
Why was winning this bid significant?
Before the auction, Asiacell was already a very successful
mobile operator in the Kurdistan Region. The three licenses
auctioned and awarded in 2007 were nationwide licenses, and
so from Asiacell’s perspective it meant being able to expand
its geographical coverage from Kurdistan to the whole of Iraq,
thereby providing a much larger group of customers to win. It also
effectively introduced competition to the Iraqi telecoms market,
signalling the beginning of a new period in which operators were
compelled to focus much more closely on the customers’ needs.
What other work have you done in the Kurdistan Region
or elsewhere in Iraq?
We have advised many clients on corporate and commercial
matters in Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region, in sectors
ranging from energy to industry and construction. We have good
connections with local lawyers on the ground who are able to
advise on the local laws and on dealing with local authorities.
How do you see the future of telecoms in the Kurdistan Region
and Iraq as a whole?
The Kurdistan Region and Iraq as a whole will continue to develop
a modern telecommunications infrastructure and will witness
strong growth in years to come. More and more people in Iraq are
using telecommunications services and they now have a range of
service providers to choose from.
I have no doubt that these telecom operators will continue to
invest in the country’s telecoms infrastructure as such investment
is necessary to be able to provide new and improved services at
increasingly competitive prices. For the telecom companies, this
will be critical to retaining existing customers and winning new
ones and, since there are so many potential customers to be won,
this investment is inevitable.
Additionally, fast and reliable internet access will be a key
component of social and economic development in Iraq. As
wireless technologies through which such services can be provided
develop and proliferate, it is likely that Iraq will also witness a
boom in fixed-line services, as well.
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K O R E K T E L E C O M
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+"-/,3'"#0#/3'!#0'+2/"'01++"/.+,3#* #/,/#(
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2/"'01+/#%',+&'040$,)),4#"'+ 6+,+#5!)20'3#)'!#+0#1,
,-#/1#'+1&#2/"'01+/#%',+$,/1#+$2/1&#/6#/0&/,2%&,211&'0-#/',"
,/#(#)#!,*&0 ##+,$$#/'+%"3+!#"3,'!#+""1*, ')#
1#)#!,*m2+'!1',+0#/3'!#0'+1&#21,+,*,202/"'01+/#%',+,$/.
,/#(#)#!,*+,40#/3#002 0!/' #/ 0#,$*,/#1&+*'))',+
!201,*#/0+"'10+#14,/(0-+01&/##2/"'0&-/,3'+!#04'1&
-,-2)1',+,$*'))',++"+#14,/($,,1-/'+1,$
(*
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1#)#!,**2+'!1',+0#/3'!#01,*'))',+/.'0+" #6,+"
For enquiries: info@korektel.com or visit www.korektel.com
www.korektel.com
INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
8dchigjXi^dc
Imad Ahmad Sayfour, Minister for Housing and Reconstruction,
talks to Vian Rahman and Alexander Hardie Forsyth
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
Dr. Anwar A. Abdullah outlines the opportunities for the “re-greening” of Kurdistan
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infrastructure and development
Vian Rahman interviews Stewart Vickers, Technical Director of
Scott Wilson, about the Erbil International Airport construction
No Longer Just Up in the Air:
The Capital’s New Airport
With one of the largest runways in the world, Erbil
International Airport is one of the most ambitious
and forward-looking projects in the Kurdistan Region.
For the land-locked Region, the airport is vital for
increasing investment, trade and tourism. The new
airport is scheduled to open in 2009 and to replace
the existing smaller one in Erbil, Kurdistan’s capital.
Stewart Vickers is the Technical Director for Scott
Wilson, the U.K.-based international consultancy
that designed the airport for the Kurdistan Regional
Government (KRG) and the contractor, a joint venture
between Makyol and Cengiz. He has been working in
Erbil since the project started in the spring of 2004.
Vian Rahman interviewed him about the new airport
and his experience of working in the Kurdistan Region.
Why did the KRG decide that Erbil needed a new airport?
British companies have been involved with
international infrastructure projects for many years
now and Scott Wilson used to have a large permanent
office in Iraq. When the political situation deteriorated,
a reluctant decision was taken to move staff to other
regional projects, although it was always expected that
things would return to the way that they were, as and
when the political situation returned to normality.
In Spring 2004, Scott Wilson was invited to carry
out a concept design for a new airport in Erbil. Various
meetings took place to establish the parameters
of such a far-sighted development which, when
operational, would open Kurdistan to much-needed
124
investment. This then led on to a preliminary design
and then a fully detailed design, which was finalized
in the summer of 2005, so enabling construction work
to commence.
How much has been invested in the project?
A great deal of time and effort has been invested in
the project. From a logistical point of view, much of
the construction materials and systems have had to
be imported from around the world, but in particular,
Turkey. From a financial point of view the cost of
construction when the airport opens will be in excess
of $400 million.
What was the design brief?
The aviation sector in Kurdistan back in 2004 was, to
say the least, very limited and though the KRG knew
what it wanted in terms of facilities, the initial task
was to explain what this meant in reality and to look
at the types of options available. The brief included:
state-of-the-art design; international and domestic
travel; suitability to handle a range of aircraft up to
and including Boeing 747 and the latest long-range
wide-bodied aircraft; and a facility of which the Kurdish
people could be rightly proud. Since the construction
works commenced almost four years ago, there have
inevitably been some additions and changes, including
increasing the size of the main terminal and the range
of aircraft that can be handled, but the overriding
principles have remained exactly the same.
infrastructure and development
One interesting feature of the new airport is the
iconic flame tower that has been located at the main
entrance to the site, and is readily visible from many
parts of the city. The aim is to reflect Kurdistan’s vision
of the future and the rebirth of a nation.
What is the concept behind the airport’s design?
It was to produce a modern, state-of-the-art facility
that will soon become the regional airport of choice
for passenger and freight services in and out of the
Kurdistan Region, and indeed the wider Region. It
also needed to incorporate suitable features to enable
local people to be trained to operate and maintain
the facilities in the years ahead. It needed to be large
enough to cope with the anticipated traffic, and at
the same time, be readily expandable as demand
grew. It also needed to be planned so there is scope to
construct longer-term developments, such as hotels
and international conference facilities.
The airport construction is now substantially
complete, and based on the reactions of KRG officials,
the overall objectives have been achieved in full. Scott
Wilson was always mindful that over the next years,
millions of visitors will gain their first impression of
the Kurdistan Region by arriving at the new airport, so
the welcoming design was always an important factor
of the project.
What about the gates, runway capacity and
airport facilities?
The new airport has been designed to incorporate all
of the features that both domestic and international
travellers would expect. There are the normal
retail areas, food halls and duty free facilities, and
many lounges to accommodate both standard and
commercially important passengers (CIPs). Six airbridges have been installed for easy access to and from
the aircraft, and in total the airport can accommodate
12 aircraft at any one time.
Freight services will be a very important aspect of
the airport operation, and both covered and open
facilities have been constructed. These facilities
included temperature-controlled and bonded
warehousing areas, allowing the vast majority of goods
to use Erbil International Airport. A total of five largecapacity cargo aircraft can be accommodated at any one
time. A separate VIP building has also been constructed
for senior Government officials, core diplomatic
personnel and VVIPs.
The concrete runway, at 4,800m long by 75m wide, has
been designed to accommodate the largest aircraft in
the world, with more than sufficient room for expansion
in the years ahead. Many countries would wish to have
such technically advanced facilities and a long-range
capacity runway.
Apart from the design, in what other areas of the project
is Scott Wilson involved?
Airports by their very nature are extremely complex
facilities and we have also provided full support and site
liaison services from both U.K. and Kurdistan Regionbased personnel. Over the past few months, Scott Wilson
has been working closely with the KRG to get the airport
licensed to very demanding world-class standards, and
ready for operation. These types of facilities need to
satisfy both national and international regulations.
This role is ongoing and it is likely that this support will
continue to enable local Kurdish personnel to ultimately
take over full control.
What about the other companies and partners in
the project?
Two Turkish companies based in Istanbul, Makyol and
Cengiz, have undertaken the construction of the airport.
This joint venture has achieved a great deal in extremely
difficult working conditions and the quality of the
finished product should be applauded.
What have been the biggest challenges and the most
satisfying elements of the project?
The temperature in the Kurdistan Region can reach
as high as 50ºC (120ºF) in the summer, and this has
meant challenging working conditions on many of the
outdoor tasks.
There are very few manufacturing facilities in
Kurdistan and as a result, the vast majority of materials
125
infrastructure and development
and equipment have had to be imported, in particular
from Turkey. Every kilogramme of cement and steel,
for example, has had to be brought in by road with
each vehicle working on a seven-day turn-round
basis. From a logistical point of view this has been
a major achievement and all concerned should be
congratulated on a job well done.
All construction numbers have been very big;
for example, in excess of 12 million cubic meters
of excavation has been necessary to construct the
new airport. Now that the new airport is near to
commissioning, we are starting to receive comments
from aviation experts that this new facility is able to
be favorably compared with many world-class airports.
This is an achievement of which everyone involved can
be very proud.
When the existing airport was commissioned
back in 2005, access to the country became so much
easier, and it is now wonderful to see a mix of people
traveling to Erbil. These include local and overseas
business people, as well as families with children
who, in many cases, wanted to meet with families and
friends after a gap of many years.
I have traveled to Erbil more than 25 times now in
the last five years. Erbil is very welcoming, the locals
are very friendly and keen to support the increasing
numbers of international companies in Kurdistan and,
of course, to improve their English language skills.
Most goods are significantly cheaper than the U.K., and
the food is wonderful; it is clear that the Kurdistan
Region can and will become an attractive place, both
to visit and to do business.
How easy or difficult is it for foreign companies
to work in the Kurdistan Region? What are
the challenges?
Most people associate the Kurdistan Region with Iraq,
and the mistaken perception is that the Region as a
whole is a less than desirable place to work and travel
to. All Scott Wilson employees without exception have
enjoyed their time in Kurdistan; they take the view
that the project is very technically challenging, yet
rewarding. There are many countries where security
is an important factor in business, but the important
thing is to make sure that adequate precautions are
taken to minimize or even eliminate the risks.
Five years ago, conditions could have been described
as difficult, but increasingly and with the opening of
new roads and airports, travel has become much easier
and Kurdistan has become a very attractive place to
work. Regular visitors can see for themselves that there
are many business opportunities in a wide range of
fields. The city of Erbil is bustling with tower cranes
and new construction, and it is great to see everyone
busily going about their daily business.
Scott Wilson has always employed local people who
have worked very well as part of a successful team. To
my mind, this is the formula for success and it also
gives something back to the local community.
What about daily life when you’re in Kurdistan? What
do you do in your spare time there? What is life like
for expatriates?
As an international businessman, unfortunately there
is very little spare time. The pleasure of travelling to
any new country is to see different cultures and meet
new people. The highlight of any trip to Erbil is a trip
to the “souk” or market where the variety of goods on
offer is mind-boggling. I suspect it is possible to buy
almost anything if you know where to look.
I have many colleagues who travel to and work in
Erbil and life can be very good, particularly in the
summer, when the sun always shines.
What plans have been made for the staffing of
the airport?
The airport, when opened, will be one of the larger
employers in the Region, and a 24/7 operation. It is
important that as many local people as possible are
recruited and trained to fill what could be as many as
800 long-term jobs.
Many staff will be transferred from the existing
airport, which will soon close, and the recruitment
process for the additional staff has already begun.
Though there are clearly going to be some specialist
roles, many of the new positions will be available to
local people who have the basis skills to work in what
is a global and growing industry.
You have been visiting the Kurdistan Region since
June 2004. What are your impressions of working and
living there?
Back in 2004 the only viable way to get to Erbil was
by road from southern Turkey, and it goes without
saying that this was not the most satisfactory or
comfortable way to travel.
126
What advice would you give to foreign companies
wanting to do business in Kurdistan?
My advice is simply not to spend too much time
thinking about it; just come on an inexpensive visit
to Erbil to see for yourself what is happening, and the
sorts of opportunities that exist.
For foreign companies coming for the first time,
a local partner can make life so much easier. Many
things are done differently, and a local partnership
with local people can keep the learning curve to
the absolute minimum. There are a number of
local organizations, such as the local Chambers of
Commerce who, from my own experience, are keen to
be associated with foreign companies.
Kurdistan for me is a great place to live, work
and invest in. Therefore I have no hesitation in
traveling here on business. The people are friendly
and the opportunities for business are excellent,
provided that it is undertaken in a considered and
controlled manner
As Technical Director of a U.K.-based plc, I find the
support from the KRG, both in Erbil and London,
to be excellent, and they are very supportive of any
initiatives that can bring prosperity to the Region. 
Scott Wilson Group plc is a multi-disciplinary international
design and engineering consultancy for the built and
natural environments. With more than 6,000 members of
staff, the Group offers integrated professional services in the
transportation, property, environment and natural resources
sectors. The Group, from its U.K. headquarters, currently
controls a worldwide network of 80 offices, of which 40 are
in the U.K. The main international centers are located in
Australia, Canada, China, Eastern Europe, Hong Kong,
India, the Middle East and South East Asia.
INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
8dbbZgX^Va
EgdeZgin
Vian Rahman describes the
commercialization of greater Erbil
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Erbil’s New City
shopping mall
INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
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Healthcare in the Kurdistan Region is
improving but the sector still faces a
number of challenges, says Michael Howard
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
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The Medya
Diagnostic
Centre offers
pathology,
laboratory
and radiology
services
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
Professor Brendan O’Leary interviews Dr. Mohammed Sadiq,
President of Salahaddin University, Erbil City
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KURDISH POLITICAL STUDIES AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA
By John C. Bersia and
Roger Handberg
The University of Central
Florida’s (UCF’s) focus on
Kurdish studies dates to 2004,
when Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Jay Garner
joined the advisory board of
the Global Perspectives Office.
He has facilitated visits by
various speakers, including
Dr. Najmaldin Karim of the
Washington Kurdish Institute
and Qubad Talabani. Later,
an Endowed Chair in Kurdish
Political Studies – the first
in the United States – was
established by Dr. Karim, and
the Kurdish Political Studies
Initiative was created
(www.ucfglobalperspectives.org/
kurdish_studies/index.php).
The Initiative strives to develop
knowledge and understanding
about the Kurds and Kurdistan.
It is a cooperative undertaking
of the Global Perspectives Office
and the Department of Political
Science (where the Endowed
Chair is housed), as well as the
Global Connections Foundation,
a non-profit educational
partnership.
Formally launched in 2008,
the Initiative sponsors or cosponsors public discussions
involving high-profile speakers
and conferences; supports
scholarship and research; and
works with partners regionally,
nationally and internationally.
Although interdisciplinary in
nature, the program’s primary
emphasis is on politics.
The Initiative’s advisory
board includes John C.
Bersia, Special Assistant
to the President for Global
Perspectives; Gen. Garner,
formerly the Director of the
Office of Reconstruction
and Humanitarian Assistance
for Post-War Iraq; Roger
Handberg, Chairman of the
Political Science Department;
Dr. Karim, a Partner at Drs.
Falik and Karim, P.A., and
the President of the Washington
Kurdish Institute; Jack
McGuire, Associate Dean
of the College of Sciences;
Brendan O’Leary, Lauder
Professor of Political Science
and Director of the Penn
Program in Ethnic Conflict at
the University of Pennsylvania;
Sibille Pritchard, President
of the Global Connections
Foundation; Joe R. Reeder,
a Shareholder at Greenberg
Traurig, Washington, D.C.;
Qubad Talabani, Representative
of the Kurdistan Regional
Government, Washington D.C.;
and Ambassador Howar Ziad
at the Embassy of Iraq,
Ottawa, Canada.
Under the auspices of the
Initiative, UCF has offered
numerous public, co-curricular
activities, including a series
featuring Michael Gunter of
Tennessee Tech University,
Brendan O’Leary; and
Jonathan Morrow of Hills
Stern & Morley, Washington
D.C., and the principal legal
advisor to the Kurdistan
Regional Government’s
Ministry of Natural Resources.
John C. Bersia and Roger
Handberg are the interim
Co-Directors of The
Kurdish Political Studies
Initiative at UCF.
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF IRAQ - SULAIMANIA
The American University of Iraq
– Sulaimania (AUI-S) is a private,
independent, non-profit institution of
higher education. AUI-S is dedicated
to the pursuit of knowledge based on
the liberal arts model of education.
Its core mission is the promotion of
critical thinking, freedom of thought
and expression, leadership, civic
responsibility, and tolerance of diversity.
It is a co-educational institution that is
open to all qualified students without
regards to race, religion, economic status,
or political affiliation. English is the
language of instruction.
The AUI-S project was initiated in
2004 by the AUI-S Board of Regents
and Trustees with a campus development
plan targeting a student population of
5,000 by the year 2021. The University
opened its first classes in October 2007
with 35 students and now has more than
300. The University possesses a 175hectare plot of land that will house both
the academic campus as well as incomegenerating commercial development.
The campus is strategically located
adjacent to the Sulaimania International
Airport on the rapidly urbanizing western
outskirts of the city. With its tolerant and
welcoming environment, security and
growing economy, Sulaimania provides the
ideal location for the American University.
AUI-S is committed to providing a
first class, American-style education
that focuses on the development of
English language and critical thinking
skills, as well as a solid liberal arts
foundation for each of its career-oriented
baccalaureate majors and minors, and
postgraduate degrees. The programs
currently offered include a BBA in
management and policy studies, a
BS in information technology, a BA
in international studies and an MBA.
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In addition, the Continuing Education
Division offers non-degree courses
to government, private sector, and
community clientele.
In the near future, AUI-S will offer
further academic programs, including
degrees in water resource engineering and
environmental science through the Twin
Rivers Institute for Scientific Research.
All of these programs have been designed
to play an important role in meeting the
needs of Iraq for development and to
provide a model for higher education
throughout the country.
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INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT
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THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF CHOUEIFAT, ERBIL
The International School of Choueifat
(ISC) is east of Erbil. It follows the great
tradition of Choueifat schools throughout
the Middle East. The school is financially
independent, and is a member of the
rigorous educational system operated by
the Sabis schools network in 15 countries.
Every year, graduates from Sabis schools
gain entry to highly competitive universities
around the world.
The ISC provides an internationally
oriented, college-preparatory curriculum
for students of different nationalities and
backgrounds, from the age of three through
to 18, with a focus on the core subjects of
English, math, sciences and languages.
The idea of opening a Choueifat school
in Erbil came from Abdul Aziz Taib,
the Kurdistan Region’s Minister for
Agriculture. It was strongly supported by
Prime Minister Nechirvan Barzani. The
school opened in September 2006 and
moved to its new permanent campus in
August 2008.
This purpose-built, state-of-the-art
campus on the Erbil-Salahaddin Road can
house up to 2,500 students, and includes
an indoor swimming pool, athletics track,
football pitch and basketball courts, in
addition to a library and advanced music,
art and academic facilities.
The Kurdistan Regional Government
is widening opportunities to study at
the International School of Choueifat by
giving scholarships to gifted students
from low-income households. And as
well as opening the school in Erbil, the
ISC has partnered with the Ministry of
Education in a private-public partnership
for state schools.
At the opening of the school’s new
campus, Prime Minister Barzani
underlined the school’s importance.
He said it “offers a world-class
education… opens the door for other
private educational institutions to enter
the Kurdistan Region, [and] raises the
performance level expected of both
public and private schools.”
Angie Chung, from Tacoma in
Washington State, joined ISC-Erbil in
2008. She says: “Being an English,
math, and music teacher for 26
kindergarteners, as well as a math
teacher for 26 eight-year-olds, I returned
home for the first few weeks feeling as if
I had run a marathon… At times, while
teaching I feel I am holding back a tidal
wave, because their enthusiasm can
translate to rowdiness in the classroom.
But then I remember how math teachers
in the U.S. have the opposite problem
– indifference – which is far worse. It is
wonderful to feel so appreciated in this
often underappreciated profession.”
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Kurdistan’s gateway to the world...
General Director’s Office
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HOW TO INVEST IN KURDISTAN
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Professor Karol Soltan tracks the
progress of the constitution of Iraq
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HOW TO INVEST IN KURDISTAN
David Michael Tafuri looks at the incentives available to investors under
the progressive Kurdistan Region investment law
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GZ\^dc!hjX]VhIjg`Zn!AZWVcdcVcYi]ZJc^iZY
6gVW:b^gViZh!]VkZaZYi]ZlVn^c\d^c\^cidi]Z
HOW TO INVEST IN KURDISTAN
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
OF IRAQ INVESTMENT LAW
=ZVYa^cZ
Investors may only rent or lease project land for a
maximum of 50 years.
KURDISTAN REGIONAL
GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT LAW
100 percent ownership of project land allowed, though
investor may not own land containing oil, gas or
mineral resources.
Prohibits investment in oil and gas extraction/
Does not explicitly prohibit investment in these areas,
production, as well as banks and insurance companies.
but Supreme Council for Investments may allow
>7=:CIEG6:HIDdYbV\cVVa^fjVijb^jgZi^c\Zci^a investment in any sector it chooses other than those
^aaVXdcZhi^cX^c\ZijieVijZgViajbbncdhigjYZijZ explicitly listed in the law’s categories (e.g. hotels,
transportation, services).
i^hZhh^hbdYb^cX^Yj^h^#
L^hh^bZciVjiegViadgZYdadgeZgdhi^ckZa
Full^cX^cX^aaVb!XdchZc^b^c]Zc^VbYddY^ehjh
repatriation of project investment and
Full repatriation of project investment and
profits
allowed.
X^a^fj^h^i!kjaejiZkZg^jhi^cX^Yj^hZc^hZgX^cX^
profits allowed.
a^hbdYdadgZi^hX^aajeiVi^e^hZmZgdhYdadgZ
[VX^a^fjVijboog^iaVbZijbhVcY^e^ikdadgZZiVY^Vb!
Project
income tax exempt for ten years from date
Project income tax exempt for ten years from date
kZcY^\c^hYj^ehjhX^a^fjVikZa^fj^h^bkZajaaVXdgZ
production
commences, or offer of services. If Iraqis
production commences or offer of services; no
XdchZYi^cX^ZgVX^e^iY^iaVbZiadgZb^cZijb
accounted
for more than 50 percent of original project
provision for extension of income tax exemption.
YdajeiVijiZ[VX^cX^eZc^h^#
investment,
project income tax exemption may be
JYYdadgVa^i!XdghZYiZbkdadgZ[Zj[Zj[VXXjbbn
extended
up to 15 years in total.
cjaajbbdYdYj^ehjboog^aaVbZikjaaVdgZXdgZ
b^cX^c\ZmZgdhidZjbYdaZciajb^jgZbV\c^h^b
Import
of spare parts tax exempt up to 20 percent of
Import of spare parts tax exempt up to 15 percent
kZc^hcjbZcil^hX^WaV[VX^e^iVY^\cVXdghjhX^cji
project
cost.
of project cost.
VjiZYdadgZXdc]ZcY^\cVVYZa^ijieViZZj[Zj^Zi
cjaajbkZaYZa^h^WaVXdckZgVi#>iadgZb^cZgddY^e^i
Hotels,
hospitals, universities, schools, tourist
Hotels, hospitals, universities, schools, tourist
egVZhZXdcjaejieViajeiViZbkZc^hYdaZhh^bZiadgZ
institutions
granted tax-exempt import of linens,
institutions granted tax-exempt import of linens,
bV\c^bkZa^fj^hbdYdadgZkjaajbfj^hc^boog^jhX
carpets,
furniture and other renovation items every
carpets, furniture and other renovation items every
four^a^fj^hcjaaV[VX^WaVVjiViZbY^Vb!kZghjbhVc
years.
three years.
jaaVXdbbdYb^c^i!kZa^hVjiZYZajieVi^cX^e^hc^h
Va^fj^hhZc^W]ZgVi!fjVi^dcjieViZ[Zj^hZmZVXdbbn
Employment
of foreign workers allowed, provided
Employment of foreign workers allowed, provided
no cjaajeiVi#EVi^dchZYZjbkdadgZbkjaejiaVdgZ[VX^a^i
capable Iraqis available; foreign workers may
no capable Iraqis available; foreign workers may
adgZY^\c^hcdchZYZmZc^bkZc^W]Zhh^#
repatriate
earnings.
repatriate earnings.
Vehicles, equipment, instruments, etc., tax exemption
from duties, taxes and import licenses, provided they
are imported within three years of investment
license approval.
Vehicles, equipment, instruments, etc., tax exemption
from duties, taxes and import licenses, provided they
are imported within two years of approval granted by
Investment Commission Chairman.
Foreign investor and capital treated on equal footing
with national investor and capital.
Foreign investor and capital treated on equal footing
with national investor and capital.
Law silent as to provision of basic services to
project area.
KRG will provide services (water, electric, sewage,
public road, telecommunications, etc. ) to the boundary
of the project.
Law silent as to import of raw materials for production.
Import of raw materials for production tax exempt for
customs duties for five years.
Law silent as to additional incentives for project
investment in less developed areas or joint projects
between Iraqis and foreigners.
Additional incentives for projects in less developed
areas and joint projects between Kurds and foreigners.
Foreign and/or domestic insurance of project allowed.
Foreign and/or domestic insurance of project allowed.
@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc!Wji6h^Vc!:jgdeZVcVcYCdgi]
6bZg^XVcXdjcig^ZhVgZWZ\^cc^c\id[daadl#
Djih^YZd[:gW^a!V_d^cikZcijgZWZilZZcVJ#H#
VcYVc>gVf^XdbeVcngZXZcianWgd`Z\gdjcYdci]Z
6bZg^XVcK^aaV\Z!VbVhh^kZYZkZadebZcil^i]cZl!
6bZg^XVc"hinaZ]dbZh#I]Zegd_ZXilVha^XZchZY[dg-%
b^aa^dc!VcY^cgZXd\c^i^dcd[^ihegdb^hZ!gZXZ^kZY
VYY^i^dcVa[jcY^c\[gdbDE>8#EZg]Veh>gVf^hijYZcih
cdlWZ^c\ZYjXViZYdci]Zdi]Zgh^YZd[@jgY^hiVcVi
i]Z6bZg^XVcJc^kZgh^ind[>gVf"HjaV^bVc^Vb^\]idcZ
YVna^kZi]ZgZ#7di]egd_ZXihlZgZbVYZedhh^WaZWni]Z
jc^fjZ^cXZci^kZh[dg[dgZ^\c^ckZhidgh^ci]Z@jgY^hiVc
GZ\^dcÉh^ckZhibZciaVl#
9Vk^YB^X]VZaIV[jg^^hi]Z[dgbZgHiViZ9ZeVgibZciGjaZ
d[AVl8ddgY^cVidgVii]ZJ#H#:bWVhhn^c7V\]YVY!VcY^h
XjggZcianVeVgicZg^ci]Z^ciZgcVi^dcVaWjh^cZhhYZeVgibZci
ViEViidc7d\\hAAE#
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HOW TO INVEST IN KURDISTAN
Deedgijc^i^Zh
Stephen F. DeAngelis, President and CEO,
Enterra Solutions sees opportunities in
Kurdistan as an emerging market
6A>IIA:DK:GildnZVghV\d!>lVh]VgYVildg`^c
i]ZJc^iZYHiViZhhigZc\i]Zc^c\i]ZWjh^cZhhedh^i^dc
d[bnXdbeVcn!:ciZggVHdaji^dch#I]ZaVhieaVXZdc
:Vgi]>i]dj\]i>ldjaYWZYd^c\[jijgZWjh^cZhhlVh
^c>gVf#
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i]ZZ[[ZXi^kZcZhhVcYZ[ÒX^ZcXnd[i]Z^gdeZgVi^dch!
i]gdj\]i]Zji^a^oVi^dcd[VjidbViZYWjh^cZhh
egdXZhhZh#>ilVh[dgi]VigZVhdci]Vi>hZije
VcVeed^cibZcil^i]i]ZJ#H#9ZeVgibZcid[
9Z[ZchZÉh7jh^cZhhIgVch[dgbVi^dc6\ZcXn7I6#Bn
^c[dgbVi^dcVae^iX]]VY]VgYanWZ\jcl]Zc>lVh
hideeZYWni]Z9ZejinJcYZghZXgZiVgnd[9Z[ZchZ!EVja
7g^c`aZn#=ZidaYbZi]Vi]ZlVciZYbZidVXXdbeVcn
]^bdcVig^eid>gVfidaZVgcbdgZVWdjii]Z7I6Éh
iVh`[dgXZid^begdkZWjh^cZhhVcYhiVW^a^indeZgVi^dch
^c>gVf#
HZkZgValZZ`haViZg!>[djcYbnhZa[WZ^c\Ódlc
VgdjcY^cV7aVX`]Vl`]Za^XdeiZgl^i]di]Zg
Wjh^cZhhbZcaZVgc^c\VWdjiWjh^cZhhdeedgijc^i^Zh^c
i]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dcd[>gVf#I]Viig^edeZcZYbnZnZh
idi]Zedhh^W^a^i^Zhi]ViZm^hi^cZbZg\^c\bVg`Zihi]Vi
>]VYcÉiWZ[dgZXdch^YZgZY#
IldnZVghV\d>lVhjeWZViVWdji^ckZhibZci
deedgijc^i^Zh^cZbZg\^c\bVg`Zih#BjX]]VhX]Vc\ZY
WZilZZci]ZcVcYcdl#Bdhih^\c^ÒXVcian!d[XdjghZ!
i]ZldgaY]Vheajc\ZY^cidVhZkZgZgZXZhh^dc#9Zhe^iZ
i]Viijgcd[ZkZcih!>gZbV^cdei^b^hi^XVWdjiV
cjbWZgd[ZbZg\^c\bVg`Zih#BVcnl^aaXdci^cjZid
\gdl!ZkZcYjg^c\i]ZXjggZci\adWVaYdlcijgc#HdbZ
VgZlZaa"eaVXZYidlZVi]Zgi]Zhidgb#
>c[VXi!bVcnVcVanhihWZa^ZkZi]ViV\adWVaZXdcdb^X
gZXdkZgnYZeZcYhdchigZc\i]Zc^c\ZbZg\^c\bVg`Zih!
WZXVjhZi]Zn]daYi]Z\gZViZhiediZci^Va[dg\gdli]#
7gnVc8daa^c\h!;jcYBVcV\Zgd[=ZmVb<adWVa
:bZg\^c\BVg`Zih!]Vhed^ciZYdjii]ViZbZg\^c\
bVg`ZihÉ[jcYh]VkZdjieZg[dgbZYLVggZc7j[[ZiidkZg
i]ZaVhiiZcnZVgh#
I]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dc^hVc
ZmXZaaZciZmVbeaZd[VcZbZg\^c\
bVg`Zi!^cl]^X]^i^hldgi]
^ckZhi^c\#>i]VhcVijgVaY^kZghZ
gZhdjgXZh!VcY^i^hhZXjgZ
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Wjh^cZhh^cZbZg\^c\bVg`ZihXVgg^Zhg^h`h#7jiYjZ
Y^a^\ZcXZVcYXVgZ[jaeaVcc^c\XVcb^i^\ViZbVcnd[
i]dhZX]VaaZc\Zh#
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VcZbZg\^c\bVg`Zi!^cl]^X]^i^hldgi]^ckZhi^c\#
>i]VhcVijgVaY^kZghZgZhdjgXZh!^i^hhZXjgZ!^i^h
gZaVi^kZaneda^i^XVaanhiVWaZ#>i^h\dkZgcZYWnaZVYZgh
Vcm^djhidY^kZgh^[ni]ZGZ\^dcÉhZXdcdbn!VcY]Vh
VedejaVi^dcZV\ZgidZbWgVXZi]ZWZcZÒihd[i]Z
\adWVaZXdcdbn#
:ciZggVHdaji^dchWZ\Vc^ihldg`^c>gVfdcild
egd_ZXih#L^i][jcY^c\egdk^YZYWni]Z7I6!:ciZggV
ldg`ZYl^i]^iheVgicZghidZhiVWa^h]VWjh^cZhh"
id"Wjh^cZhhigVY^c\ZmX]Vc\Z!VcYVbjai^a^c\jVa
XVaaXZciZg#:ciZggVlVhi]ZcXdcigVXiZYWni]Z
@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dcVa<dkZgcbZci@G<idZhiVWa^h]V
[jaahZgk^XZ@jgY^hiVc7jh^cZhh8ZciZgid]ZaehiViZ"
dlcZYZciZgeg^hZh!adXVaZcigZegZcZjgh!VcY[dgZ^\c
XdbeVc^ZhlVci^c\idYdWjh^cZhh^c@jgY^hiVc#
9ZXVYZhd[XdcÓ^XiVcYcZ\aZXiWnHVYYVb]VYaZ[ii]Z
VgZV^cYZheZgViZcZZYd[bdYZgc^oZY^c[gVhigjXijgZ
VcYWjh^cZhhZhd[Vaa`^cYh#
6hbjX]Vhi]Z@G<VcYJ#H#<dkZgcbZcilVci
id]Zae!>WZa^ZkZi]Vi@jgY^hiVcÉh[jijgZgZhih^ci]Z
]VcYhd[i]Zeg^kViZhZXidg#I]Zeg^kViZhZXidgl^aa
XgZViZi]Z_dWhi]Vil^aahjeedgiVcZbZg\^c\b^YYaZ
XaVhh!jedcl]dhZh]djaYZghi]Z[jijgZd[i]ZGZ\^dc
l^aaWZWj^ai#
I^bZVcYV\V^c!VaadkZgi]ZldgaY!eZdeaZ]VkZ
YZbdchigViZYi]Vii]ZnXVchjXXZZYl]Zc\^kZcVc
deedgijc^in#BnXdbeVcn![dgdcZ!l^aaXdci^cjZidYd
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Wg^Y\Zh^cZbZg\^c\bVg`Zih#LZ]VkZbVYZV\ddY
hiVgi^ci]Z@jgY^hiVcGZ\^dcVcY^ck^iZdi]Zghid
_d^cjh#
Before you export,
speak to the expert.
www.uktradeinvest.gov.uk
CULTURE AND SOCIETY
Idjg^hihH^oZJe
HdbZi]^c\CZl
Traveling to and around the Kurdistan Region
has never been easier, says Michael Howard
IgVkZaid
i]ZdcXZ
^hdaViZY
gZ\^dc]Vh
XZgiV^can
cZkZgWZZc
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^i^hidYVn
6H67DN!=VoZb@jgYVldjaYha^eeVhii]Z>gVf^
\jVgYh`ZZe^c\VWVaZ[jalViX]dkZg]^h]dbZidlc
d[GVlVcYjo!VcYeZgX]dci]ZZY\Zd[i]ZidlcÉh
[Vbdjh\dg\Z#I]ZgZ]ZldjaYhijYn]^hhX]ddaWdd`h
VcYeaVc[dgWZiiZgi^bZhV]ZVY#Æ>egdb^hZYbnhZa[
i]Vi^[>ldg`ZY]VgYZcdj\]!dcZYVni]^hbV\^XVa
eaVXZl]ZgZ>\gZljeldjaYcdadc\ZgWZVeaVXZ
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djiedhi[dgHVYYVbÉhVgbn#
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Ó^\]ih^cVcYdjid[?dgYVcl^i]GdnVa?dgYVc^Vc!Vh
lZaaVhWZilZZc>hiVcWjaVcY:gW^al^i]ZhiVWa^h]ZY
Ijg`^h]XVgg^Zg6iaVh?Zi#
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Vji]dg^i^ZhhVnl^aa]VkZi]ZXVeVX^inid]VcYaZ
(b^aa^dcigVkZaZghVnZVg#
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VcY!^cXgZVh^c\an!aZ^hjgZigVkZaZgh#ÆD[XdjghZ!i]Z
CULTURE AND SOCIETY
Erbil’s citadel is built on layers of
archaeological ruins representing
consecutive historical
settlements, since the building of
the first village in that location
around the 6th millennium B.C.
idjg^hi^c[gVhigjXijgZ^hhi^aaYZkZade^c\VcYXVccdi
WZXdbeVgZYidVbV_dgidjg^hi"hedih^c:jgdeZPEVg^h!
AdcYdc!7Zga^c!K^ZccV!GdbZR!ÇhVnhVhed`ZhbVc
[dg6jhig^Vc#CZkZgi]ZaZhh!i]ZV^ga^cZhZZhÆVadid[
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l^i]i]ZediZci^Vaid\ZcZgViZcZlgZkZcjZh
Æi]gdj\]k^h^idgheZcY^c\!l]^X]^cijgchi^bjaViZh
ZbeadnbZci!^cXgZVhZhiVmgZkZcjZhVcYZmedgi
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@jgY^h][Vb^a^Zh[dgVe^Xc^X^ci]ZbdjciV^ch#
CULTURE AND SOCIETY
6IVhiZd[
IgVY^i^dc
Agri Ismail explores the
cuisine of Kurdistan
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CULTURE AND SOCIETY
Michelle Grajek reports on how the Kurdistan Regional
Government is supporting women across Iraq
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CULTURE AND SOCIETY
Taha Barwary, Minister of Sports and Youth, explains the valuable role of the MOSY
Hedgi^c\I^Zh
Erbil club players hold the
trophy of the Iraqi Football
Championship, as a man
wearing the Kurdish flag
celebrates the team’s
homecoming in August 2008
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CULTURE AND SOCIETY
GZa^\^djh
9^kZgh^in
Kurdistan is open to religious diversity.
Professor Hamit Bozarslan,Ecole des Hautes
Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, reports
A Yezidi sect
devotee kisses a
monument in the
yard of the main
Lalish temple
at the town of
Sheikh Hadi,
near Dohuk in
northern Iraq
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VXXdbbdYVi^dcVcYeZVXZ[jaeajgVa^hb#
CULTURE AND SOCIETY
Kurdistan is believed to be one of the most tolerant and culturally
harmonious places in the Middle East. Liam Anderson reports
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CULTURE AND SOCIETY
9ZkZade^c\BZY^V
Bayan Sami Abdul Rahman, KRG High Representative to the U.K.
and former journalist at the Financial Times looks at the steps
being taken towards a thriving media in Kurdistan
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Hiner Saleem’s film
Kilometre Zero
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DIRECTORY
BVe
TURKEY
Sindi
Gu li
Barwari Bala
ZAKHO
Nerwa Rekan
AMEDI
Rizgary
SYRIA
Sherwan Mazn
Amedi
MERGASUR
Duski
Sarsink
Slevani
Barzan
DOHUK
SEMEL
Zawita
Semel
Dohuk
Nahla
Fayda
Akre
Qasruk
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SHIKHAN
SINJAR
AKRE
Girdasin
IRAN
SORAN
Haji Omaran
Diyana
Surchi
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Khalifan
Galala
Rawanduz
Harir
Bardarash
SHAQLAWA
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Nawdasht
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Betwata
N
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RANYA
Khabat
E
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PISHDAR
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Pishdar
Bnaslawa
S
ERBIL
Hero
Shorsh
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Koysinjaq
IRAN
Bngird
Chinaran
KOYSINJAQ
DUKAN
Qushtappa
Taqtaq
Mawat
Siwail
Surdash
Kandinawa
Makhmur
SHARBZHER
Aghjalar
MAKHMUR
Garmik
PENJWIN
Sharbazher
Sharbazher
Penjwen
Qaraj
KIRKUK
Sarchnar
Bazyan
CHAMCHAMAL
Saruchik
SULAIMANIA
Chamchamal
Tanjaro
Sharazur
Qaradagh
Khurmal
Zarayan
Sangaw
DARBANDIHKAN
Qadir K aram
Darbandikhan
HALABJA
Biyara
Halabja
IRAQI KURDISTAN
Pebaz
KALAR
Tilako
Boundaries
Maidan
International
Kalar
Governorate
District
Sub-District
Disputed territories
No Window
0
20
Kilometers
40
KHANAQIN
IRAN
DIRECTORY
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DIRECTORY
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11
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20
Self-Employed Non-Farm
9
Public Servant
2
Other
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Agricultural Labor
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Skilled Labor
Non-Skilled Labor
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666,000
75th
Percentile
588,200
412,667
Median
Income
366,000
Kurdistan
Iraq
263,790
25th
Percentile
237,429
0
100,000
200,000
300,000 400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
Amount (Iraqi Dinars)
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55
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