Dr. Thiago Souza

South Asia Biosafety Conference
September 18‐19, 2013
Taj Ambassador Hotel, New Delhi, India
Dr. Thiago Souza
Embrapa Rice & Beans
Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
thiago.souza@embrapa.br
+55 (62) 3533‐2129
+55 (62) 8127‐0254
Outline
Considerations for the Commercialization of Embrapa’s
Virus Resistant Common Bean (Embrapa 5.1)
 Overview on the common bean crop in Brazil
 Brief history of the Embrapa 5.1 technology
 Stewardship Program
 Post‐approval field trials for cultivar registration
 Seed production (breeders seed, pre-basic and basic seed)
 Technical perspectives on commercial release
Dry Beans ‐ Brazil
 Brazil is the second largest producer of dry beans in the world after India
 Production in 2011 was estimated at 3.43 million tonnes (US$ 1.98 billion)
FAOSTATS
Source: IBGE (2012), modified by Embrapa Rice and Beans.
Some Embrapa’s common bean cultivars
BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus
• Losses in grain production may range from 40 to 100% / 90‐to‐280,000 tonnes per year.
• Annual losses would be enough to feed from six to 20 million of adult Brazilians.
• At least 200,000 ha became impractical for bean growth in Brazil due to the BGMV; about 10% of the total common bean growing area.
BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus
Deformation of pods and grains
BGMV ‐ Bean Golden Mosaic Virus
This geminivirus is transmitted by the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil – March 2013
Severe foliar yellow mosaic symptoms
Effective resistance has not been identified in P. vulgaris germplasm
over 40 years of conventional breeding efforts in Brazil
Dr. Francisco Aragão
Embrapa Cenargen
Dr. Josias Faria
Embrapa Rice & Beans
Embrapa ‐ Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Brazilian Government.
Embrapa’s BGMV Resistant Bean ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1
RNAi Technology
No new protein
d 35S CaMV
sense
intron
antisense
nosT
alça
Aragão & Faria (2009) Nature Biotechnology 27: 1086‐1088.
Transformation Process ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1
Method patented by Embrapa
PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT OR BIOLISTICS
Event Embrapa 5.1
Official Biosafety Assessment
CTNBio ‐ National Technical Commission on Biosafety Multidisciplinary consultative body established under the Ministry of Science and Technology to provide technical and advisory support to the Federal Goverment for the implementation of the national biosafety policy
Brazilian Biosafety Policy Law (Law No. 11,105/2005)
 Molecular characterization
 Agronomic characterization
 Environmental risk assessment
 Nutritional composition analysis  Food security assessment
Biosafety
Assessment Project
Leader: Dr. Josias Faria
Embrapa Rice & Beans
Production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop in Brazil per State
%
Embrapa’s BGMV Resistant Bean ‐ Event Embrapa 5.1
Commercial Approval ‐ Sep. 16, 2011
CTNBio: http://www.ctnbio.gov.br/
Cristalina, GO, Brazil – 15/Aug/2013
Field Meeting ‐ Common Bean Farmers
Second largest (by volume) producer of transgenic crops in the world, in 2012 Brazil planted over 36 million ha of transgenic soybean, corn and cotton. Source: James (2012).
Brazilian Commercial Approvals
(up to September 2013)
 Soybean: 5 traits
 Corn: 19 traits
TOLERANCE TO HERBICIDES AND INSECT
 Cotton: 12 traits
Common bean: Embrapa 5.1
Brazil ‐ Very Attractive Seed Market
Estimated at over US$ 2 billion (third largest market in value) Embrapa 5.1 BGMV Resistant Bean
Cultivar Development
BC Program
Transgene Estability
Event Embrapa 5.1
Olathe GM
Pérola and BRS Pontal
Backcrossing (BC) Program
Credited to Dr. Josias C. Faria
Final field trials
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Genotype
1-4-8-2-3-NIL PÉROLA
1-10-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA
1-16-10-2-NIL PÉROLA
10-5-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA
094-NIL Pontal
097-NIL Pontal
107-NIL Pontal
125-NIL Pontal
132-NIL Pontal
138-NIL Pontal
Pérola
BRS Pontal
IPR Eldorado
BRB 169
CNFP 15882
Embrapa code
CNFCT 16201
CNFCT 16202
CNFCT 16203
CNFCT 16204
CNFCT 16205
CNFCT 16206
CNFCT 16207
CNFCT 16208
CNFCT 16209
CNFCT 16210
BGF7384
CNFC7813
IPREldorado
BGF8419
CNFP15882
Note
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
Conventional
National Assay Network
Final field trials to evaluate the agronomic performance of the bean transgenic lines
Embrapa’s Units:
1) Arroz e Feijão
2) Trigo
3) Milho e Sorgo
4) Agropecuária Oeste
5) Cerrados
6) Tabuleiros Costeiros
7) Rondônia
8) Soja
9) SPM (6 ETs)
10) CTAA
11) Semi-Árido
Partners:
1) UFLA
2) UFV
3) UFU
4) UFG
5) Epamig
6) Empaer MT
7) EBDA
8) IPA
9) Cooperativas e Consultores
Stewardship Program
Ensure that “Embrapa 5.1 Technology" WILL NOT get in the market BEFORE its COMMERCIAL RELEASE
Stewardship Program
Detailed guidance on best practices to ensure containment, segregation, control and traceability of transgenic materials
Stewardship Program
Trainings on best practices for different activities
Almost 100 employees
trained since 2011
Stewardship Program
Transgenic seed collection (seed bank)
Stewardship Program
Field Trials ‐ Sowing
GPS coordinates
10m
Stewardship Program
Field Trials ‐ Harvesting
Stewardship Program
Clean‐up Protocol
Final Field Trials ‐ Finalized # Loc Season
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
First/2012
First/012
Second/2012
Third/2012
Third/2012
Third/2012
Third/2012
First/2013
First/2013
First/2013
First/2013
First/2013
Trial ID
F11VCT001
F11VCT002
F11VCT003
F11VCT005
F11VCT007
F11VCT008
F11VCT009
F11VCT011
F11VCT013
F11VCT012
F11VCT006
F11VCT010
Location
State
Santo Antônio de Goiás
Anápolis
Santo Antônio de Goiás
Sete Lagoas
Ponta Grossa
Santo Antônio de Goiás
Brasília
Londrina
Santo Antônio de Goiás
Brasília
Sete Lagoas
Dourados
GO
GO
GO
MG
PR
GO
DF
PR
GO
DF
MG
MS
Three field trials in course - Season: Second/2013
Final Field Trials ‐ Main Conclusions #
Genotype
Embrapa code
Note
1
1-4-8-2-3-NIL PÉROLA
CNFCT 16201
Transgenic
2
1-10-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA
CNFCT 16202
Transgenic
3
1-16-10-2-NIL PÉROLA
CNFCT 16203
Transgenic
4
10-5-6-1-2-NIL PÉROLA
CNFCT 16204
Transgenic
5
094-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16205
Transgenic
6
097-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16206
Transgenic
7
107-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16207
Transgenic
8
125-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16208
Transgenic
9
132-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16209
Transgenic
10
138-NIL Pontal
CNFCT 16210
Transgenic
11
Pérola
BGF7384
Conventional
12
BRS Pontal
CNFC7813
Conventional
13
IPR Eldorado
IPREldorado
Conventional
14
15
BRB 169
CNFP 15882
BGF8419
CNFP15882
Conventional
Conventional
Status
Potential
No selected
No selected
SELECTED
Potential
Potential
SELECTED
Potential
Potential
No selected
Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil – December 2012
Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil ‐ August 2013
Seed Production is on Schedule
(breeders and pre‐basic seed)
Technical target for the commercial release: 2015/2016 ‐ 50,000 ha (25%) Handle large growing areas for agronomic performance observation and certified seed production following the Stewardship Program is challenging…
We’re still working on the business plan for the Embrapa 5.1 technology...
Development of new transgenic
bean cultivars
Backcrossing (BC) Program Assisted by
Molecular Markers
Doador
x
Recurrent

PCR
F1
4 months
x
Recurrent

PCR
BC1F1
4 months
x
Recurrent

PCR
BC2F1
4 months
x
Recurrent

PCR + FP
BC3F1
4 months
>99% (93,75%)

PCR
BC3F2

4 months
Homozigosity
4 months
BC3F2:3
24 months
%GR = 100 x [1‐(0,5)n+1]
Embrapa common bean cv. BRS Estilo
Embrapa’s Common Bean Breeding Team
Research Scientist
Adriane Wendland
Helton Pereira
Leonardo Melo
Luis Cláudio de Faria
Thiago Souza
Senior Research Assistant
Jose Luis Cabrera
Mariana Cruzick
Nilda Pessoa
Research Assistant
João Donizete Puríssimo
Marcos Ataíde
Paulo Fernando
Vicente Henrique
Thank you!
Dr. Thiago Souza
Embrapa Rice & Beans
Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brazil
thiago.souza@embrapa.br
+55 (62) 3533‐2129
+55 (62) 8127‐0254