Family, Religion, and Education

Family, Religion, and Education
Associate Professor Amporn W. Tamronglak, Ph.D.
Faculty of Political Science
Thammasat University
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Family
Two-parent family
Single-parent family
Extended family
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Marriage relationships
Monogamy
Polygamy
– Polygyny: one man and two or more women
– Polyandry: one woman and two or more men, in
Tibet, India, Marquesas Island, the Himalayas,
etc.
– Cenogamy: several men marry to several women
– Gay marriage
– Blended or reconstituted family: two parents with
children from a previous marriage or relationship
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POLYANDRY in the Himalayas
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4yjrD
Svze0
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Mating: How to date?
Endogamy: marriage within the kinship or
other social group
Exogamy: marriage outside the group
Arranged marriages
Personal-choice mating
What’s your choice: arranged marriage or
making your own choice?
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Endogamy: Cousin Marriage
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Endogamy: Caste
To maintain the "purity" of hereditary lines
The standard model of caste is taken from
traditional East Indian society, where
membership in heredity groups strictly
determined occupation and ritual purity:
the Nayar.
California had a statue in place that banned
marriages between Whites and Blacks or
Asians until 1948, when it was declared
unconstitutional by a state court.
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Caste System in India
TH E UNTOUCHABLE
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Endogamy: Class
Involves a stratification of the society
according to wealth, occupation, and
related criteria.
Many studies have shown that Americans
tend to marry within general social class
boundaries, particularly educational
background.
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A case of Singapore
Stop at Two
1986, “Have Three or More, if You Can Afford It."
A new package of incentives for large families
reversed the earlier incentives for small
families.
–
–
–
–
tax rebates for third children
subsidies for daycare
priority in school enrollment for children from large families
priority in assignment of large families to Housing and Development
Board apartments
– extended sick leave for civil servants to look after sick children and up
to four years'unpaid maternity leave for civil servants.
– Pregnant women were to be offered increased counseling to discourage
"abortions of convenience" or sterilization after the birth of one or two
children.
– Tax rebate of S$20,000 for fourth children born after January 1, 1988
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Family Control
Patriarchy family
Matriarchy family
Equalitarian family
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What are the functions of the
family?
Reproduction
To ensure that the young are well adjusted
to the society
Socialization so that they grow up to be
productive biologically, physically, and
socially
Affection and companionship
Help parents to stay well adjusted
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Divorce: interesting statistics
In U.S., the ratio of divorces to marriages
has changed instantly.
40% of the 1st marriages end in the
divorce, 80% of these people would
remarry and 45% of them would end in
divorce again.
Approximately 1 divorce to every 2
marriages
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Technological effect on the
family
Ability to plan the pregnancies
Enable infertile women to have children
Able to work at home while taking care of
children
Ability to choose gender of the child
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What are the family
issues today?
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Family Issues
Single lifestyle
Living together
Single-parent family
Child care
Family violence
Child abuse
Teenage pregnancy and abortion/ teen
moms
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Religion
Monotheistic: belief in one god
– Christianity, Judaism, Islam, etc.
– Christianity: Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Eastern
Orthodox
Polytheistic: belief in many gods, e.g. Hinduism
Ethical: Buddhism, Confucianism, Shintoism and
Taoism, studying the principles that define the
order of the universe
Ancestral: belief in spirit or souls, supernatural
and sacred power, charms, etc.
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Major Religions of the World
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Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents
1.
Christianity: 2.1 billion
2.
Islam: 1.5 billion
3.
Secular/Nonreligious/Agnostic/Atheist: 1.1 billion
4.
Hinduism: 900 million
5.
Chinese traditional religion: 394 million
6.
Buddhism: 376 million
7.
primal-indigenous: 300 million
8.
African Traditional & Diasporic: 100 million
9.
Sikhism: 23 million
10.
Juche: 19 million
11.
Spiritism: 15 million
12.
Judaism: 14 million
13.
Baha'i: 7 million
14.
Jainism: 4.2 million
15.
Shinto: 4 million
16.
Cao Dai: 4 million
http://adherents.com/Religions_By_Adherents.html Date accessed September 17, 2010.
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Religion
What are the roles of religions in the
society?
What are the positive and negative effects
of religion in the society?
– Religion, government and the constitution
– Religion and the role of women
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Functions of religion as social
integration
Religion acts as a mechanism that helps
people adjust to frustrating but inevitable
facts of existence by reaching beyond
ordinary experience and establishing a link
with the sacred through the ritual of
worship.
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Technology and religion
The electronic church on TV, see the
following list:
http www religion online org
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Education
Schools as agents of social control as
manifested (intended) and latent
(unintended)
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Educational systems
Thailand
Germany
U.S.A
Japan
Nepal
Etc.
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American Educational System
Primary school: 5 years old, 1st grade till 5th
grade
Secondary school: seven years of education, 6th
grade till 12th grade (9th to 12th grades called high
school) to get a diploma
Undergraduate school: an associate degree (a
two-year degree) and a bachelor degree (a fouryear degree)
Master’s Degree
Ph.D.
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Japanese Education System
years of elementary school, years of junior
high school, years of senior high school and
years of University) with reference to the
American system
Cram Schools or “juku”: private tutors
It is not unusual to see children going to juku hours a day after school, - days a week
% of elementary school children, % of
junior high school students and % of high
school students are going to juku
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Public vs. Private Schools
Which one would you
choose and why?
What about home
schooling?
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