07-Speranta de viata.qxp
Transcription
07-Speranta de viata.qxp
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS ROMANIA « La statistique [est la] science de l’ État » Michel Foucault LIFE EXPECTANCY - October 2013 - Following a tradition of over 150 years, the official statistics of Romania is coordinated and organized by the National Institute of Statistics (INS), specialized body of the central public administration subordinated to the Government of Romania. Operating within a framework of professional independence and political neutrality, the INS represents the main institution responsible with the production and dissemination of official statistics in Romania. Mission The activity of the INS is equally vital for the Government as well as for the other co-authors of the public policies for a better knowledge of the Romanian society within the European context. The knowledge of the society as to its economic and social aspects is necessary not only to the state but also to the foreign investors, local authorities, economic agents, researchers and public at large. Vision The Romanian official statistics is connected to the social life investigation methodologies used at international and European level, being part of the European Statistical System along with Eurostat (the Statistical Office of the European Commission) and the other statistical institutes of EU28. Assets In order to accomplish its mission, the employees of the INS comply with the fundamental principles of the statistics operating in the European democratic regimes, the Code of Practice of the European Statistics and the Statistician’s Code of Ethics. Date source: INS, EUROSTAT Contact data: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS Bulevardul Libertãþii, Nr.16, Sector 5, Bucureºti Telephone: +4021 318 18 71; +4021 317 77 70 Fax: +4021 312 48 75 e-mail: romstat@insse.ro http://www.insse.ro Graphics: INS, Division of Statistical Publications Editing Cover photo: © c.vitty INS, October 2013 Population by age and gender in 1968 and 2012 Years 85+ 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Male 300 200 Female 100 0 100 1968 2012 Thou persons 200 300 Thou persons Evolution of natality, mortality and natural change between 1960 and 2012 per 1,000 inhabitants 30 25 20 15 10 0 ~ 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2012 Birth rate Mortality Positive natural change Negative natural change 1) Provisional data. 1) Years Evolution of crude mortality rate between 1960 - 2012 2012 12.0 2010 12.1 2000 11.4 10.6 1990 10.4 1980 9.5 1970 8.7 1960 0 3 6 9 Deaths per 1,000 inhabitants 12 15 15.0 12.5 10.0 7.5 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Per 1,000 inhabitants Overall mortality rate by gender (1960 - 2012) Total Male Female 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Per 1,000 inhabitants Overall mortality rate by residential area (1960 - 2012) Total Urban Rural Mortality by main causes of death in 1965, 1980, 1990 and 2012 - per 100,000 inhabitants - Total Circulatory diseases Tumors Respiratory diseases Digestive diseases Infectious and parasitic diseases Accidents, poisoning, injuries Other causes 1965 1980 1990 2012 858.7 272.2 123.0 135.9 40.0 9.1 52.0 3.2 1047.7 589.8 135.4 137.1 45.5 10.9 67.3 3.0 1064.7 627.0 142.1 97.3 50.3 13.1 76.5 2.8 1198.8 719.5 230.2 62.2 67.9 11.2 49.7 10.7 Standardized mortality rate from ischemic disease and tumors in Romania and at the level of the EU-27, in 2000 and 2010 - per 100,000 inhabitants - Coronary heart disease UE-27 Romania Tumors 2000 2010 2000 2010 114.8 p 232.5 76.2 p 187.3 187.2 p 172.8 166.9 p 180.1 Data source: Eurostat; p – provisional data Evolution of infant mortality in the period 1960 - 2012 9.0 2012 9.8 2010 18.6 Years 2000 26.9 1990 29.3 1980 49.4 1970 74.6 1960 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Deaths under 1 year of age per 1,000 live-births 70 80 Infant mortality by age in 1960, 1980, 1990 and 2012 - per 1,000 live births - 1960 1980 1990 2012 74.6 21.2 8.8 54.6 29.3 11.1 6.4 18.2 26.9 8.9 5.2 18.0 9.0 4.8 3.2 4.2 Infant mortality Neonatal (0-28 days) Early neonatal (0-6 days) Postneonatal (1-11 months) Infant mortality by death cause in 1965, 1980, 1990 and 2012 - per 10,000 live birth - 200 180.7 150 115.7 120.1 105.7 100 50 34.9 21.2 0 62.1 45.2 23.6 52.2 40.2 26.2 21.4 31.0 21.2 1.7 1965 1980 1990 2012 Infectious and parasitic diseases Respiratory diseases Disorders in the perinatal period Congenital malformations Infant mortality in Romania and at EU-27 level in 2001, 2005 and 2011 - per 1,000 live births - EU - 27 Romania 2001 2005 2011 5.7 18.4 4.9 15.0 3.9 9.4 Evolution of men life expectancy at birth (1956 -2011) 2009-2011 70.1 68.2 2003-2005 1996-1998 65.5 1989-1991 66.6 1970-1972 66.3 1956 61.5 60 62 64 66 70 68 72 Years Evolution of women life expectancy at birth (1956 -2011) 2009-2011 77.5 75.5 2003-2005 1996-1998 73.3 1989-1991 73.1 70.9 1970-1972 65.0 1956 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 Years Life expectancy (years) Evolution of life expectancy at various ages (2008 -2011) 84 74 64 54 44 34 24 14 4 0 1 Total 5 10 20 30 40 Years Male 50 60 70 Female 80 Birth life expectancy in the EU-28 countries in 2011 82.1 ITALY SPAIN 81.7 FRANCE 81.6 SWEDEN 81.0 NETHERLANDS 80.6 UNITED KINGDOM 80.5 CYPRUS AUSTRIA 80.5 MALTA 80.4 LUXEMBOURG 80.4 PORTUGAL 80.1 80.5 GERMANY 80.1 GREECE 80.0 IRELAND 79.9 FINLAND 79.9 BELGIUM 79.8 SLOVENIA 79.8 DENMARK 79.4 CZECH REPUBLIC 79.1 77.2 CROATIA 76.6 POLAND 76.2 ESTONIA 75.7 SLOVAKIA 75.5 HUNGARY ROMANIA 74.5 74.3 BULGARIA LATVIA 73.4 LITHUANIA 73.1 65 70 75 Years 80 85 Birth life expectancy and healthy life expectancy by gender in Romania and EU-27 in 2007 and 2011 2007 Men 61.7 years UE-27 76.1 years 60.6 years Romania 69.7 years Women 62.6 years EU-27 82.2 years 62.6 years Romania 76.9 years 2011 Men EU-27 Romania 61.8 yearse 77.4 years e 57.5 years 71.0 years Women 62.2 yearse EU-27 Romania 57.1 years Birth life expectancy Healthy life expectancy - men Healthy life expectancy - women Data source: Eurostat. e - Estimated data. 83.2 yearse 78.2 years HOW MANY YEARS OF HEALTHY LIFE DO WE LIVE? The indicator Healthy Life Expectancy answers the above question. The indicator has been developed in order to analyze whether the ascending trend of life expectancy is accompanied by an increase in time or not. As a result of Romania’ accession to the European Union, INS has been calculating the indicator of healthy life expectancy since 2007, using the self-declaration on health. In our country, although the life expectancy of men is less than that of women (71 years compared to 78.2 years), the healthy life expectancy of men is higher than that of women (57.5 years compared to 57.1 years). At the European Union level, the highest healthy life expectancy is in Malta (70.7 years for women and 70.3 years for men, respectively) and in Sweden (70.2 years and 71.1 years, respectively) and the lowest in Slovakia (52 years) and Slovenia (54 years). METHODOLOGICAL NOTE For this publication the number of births and deaths registered in Romania has been taken into consideration, as well as the number of births and deaths registered outside the country for the Romanian citizens living abroad for more than 12 months. Therefore, the population based on which the mortality rates have been calculated is the population of Romania that hasn’t been affected by the balance of temporary external migration (more than 12 months).