Wilson and Fourteen Points

Wilson and Fourteen Points
Mr. Williams
10th Grade U.S. History
• “What we demand…is that the
world be made fit and safe for
every peace-loving nation which,
like our own, wishes to live its
own life, determine its own
institutions, be assured of justice
and fair dealing by the other
peoples of the world as against
force and selfish aggression.”
-Woodrow Wilson 1918
Self-Determination
• The right of people to decide
their own political status
• Wilson wanted the different
ethnic groups within AustriaHungary to be able to form
their own nation
League of Nations
• League would be an
organization of nations that
would work together to settle
disputes, protect, democracy,
and prevent future wars
• Precursor to United Nations
Arguments for and Against
• Three Groups
• 1: Democrats who supported
immediate ratification of the
treaty
• 2: Irreconcilables who urged
outright rejection of U.S.
Participation in the League
• 3: Reservationists who focused
their criticism of the charter
that required its members to
use military force to carry out
the League’s decisions.
• Republicans felt it interfered
with Congress powers to
declare war
Wilson the Fortune Teller
• “I can predict with absolute
certainty that within another
generation there will be
another world war if the
nations of the world do not
concert [agree upon] the
method by which to prevent
it” –Woodrow Wilson
Paris Peace Conference
• BIG FOUR
• Woodrow Wilson
• British Prime Minister David Lloyd
George
• French premier Georges Clemenceau
• Italian Prime Minister Vittorio
Orlando
Conflicting Views
• Wilson’s Vision
• Nations deal with each other
openly and traded fairly
• Reducing their arsenals of
weapons
• 14 POINT PEACE PLAN
14 Points Plan
•“Just and Lasting Peace”
•Plan for Peace at the end of
The Great War
•Self-Determination
•League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles
• Forced Germany to disarm its
military forces
• Reparations: payments for
damages and expenses caused
by the war
• Germany forced to accept sole
responsibility for starting the war
14 Points Role?
• League of Nations established
• Nine new nations would be
created Czech, Poland, Yugo.
• Central Powers give up their
colonies to allies who would
control them temporarily until
“they were ready for
independence”
Political Impact
• Overthrow of monarchies in
Russia, A-H, Germany, O.E.
• Bolsheviks rose to power
• Revolts against colonialism, in
the Middle East and Asia
Economic Impact
• U.S. emerged as world’s
leading economic power
• Inflation occurred because of
increased demand for
consumer as Americans raced
to buy items that had been in
short supply during war.
• Farmers hit hard because
European markets no longer
needed to buy their food or
could really afford it
• For years all of Europe’s
resources went to the war
effort, this left most of
Europe’s economy in shambles
Social Impact
• More than a million women
went into the workforce
th
• 19 Amendment Passed
• African Americans moved to
northern cities and led to new
and often uneasy race
relations
Impact in Europe
• European Countries lost entire
generation of young men
• France was in ruins
• G.B. deeply in Debt to U.S.
• Reparations on Germany
crippled its economy
• What ideas from Wilson’s 14
points made it into the Treaty
of Versailles? Explain Each.
What was the goal of the
other countries who were part
of the “Big 4”? How did they
achieve their goal? Explain.
3.8 Format