resin - Sust

2013 PCA International Conference
An overview of
Pine resin production in
Spain and Europe
Barcelona, September - 17, 2013
Alvaro Picardo
the Regional Government of one
of the largest regions in Europe:
We manage 2 mill. Ha. of forests
Objetives of this presentation:
1.-To describe and to analyze resin
production situation in Spain and Europe.
2.-To promote resin production recovery
in Europe.
3.-To promote the third technological jump
and to get industry involved in it
4.-Finally . . . To propose coordinated action
with all the Pine Chemical Sector
at the European Policy level !
Analysis
Resin production is:
Production process
to obtain resin
from natural pine woods
Since it takes place in the forest,
it is a forest activity
(Code NACE 02.30)
And resin is a
Non Wood Forest Product (NWFP)
Stakeholders involved in the production
chain are:
- The resin worker
- The forest owner and forest manager
- The industry
Historical framework
Europe has a long history of resin production . . .
6 historical stages can be recognized:
Hontoria del Pinar (Burgos). First industrial
plant in Spain, dated 1843
Before 1840: “Primitive-Craft”
1840 - 1900: "Foundation”
1900 - 1945: “Development"
1945 - 1980: “Summit”
1980 - 2010: "Crisis”
Since 2010: “Renaissance?”
First technological jump !
Historical framework:
1840 - 1900:
“Foundation”
Change to metal shipbuilding
Foundation of European chemical industry
(1833 : Hughes tapping system in France)
First industrial resin mills with improved
distillation systems substitute primitive kilns
National Forest Administrations impose:
- tapping regulation and control
- Integration in forest management =>
Sustainability !
Historical framework:
1900 - 1945: “Development”
International trade is developed
USA production zenith
Emerging national reference industries in
Southern Europe:
- DRT
in France
- SOCER in Portugal
- LURE
in Spain
Northern countries can not compete =>
1910 Tall Oil in Scandinavia
Strategic militar interest
19
Historical framework:
1900 - 1945: “Development”
1925 - 1935 Acid stimulation in:
Florida (USA)
Eastern Prusia
Second technological jump !
http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/about-thestation/history/naval_stores.html
20
Historical framework:
1945 - 1980: “European Summit”
Increasing wages in developed countries
USA moves to Tall Oil
Peak production in some European countries:
France . . . . . . . . . 1936
Spain . . . . . . . . . . 1962
Greece . . . . . . . . 1962
Portugal . . . . . . . . 1973
Poland . . . . . . . . . 1976
1965 Europe produces > 250.000 Tm.
1970 China produces 200.000 Tm.
(beginning 1930)
1980 - 2010: “Crisis”
Consequence of socioecon. development
and Asian competition
1980 China produces 300.000 Tm
and leads internacional markets
Spain becomes resin importer
1990-1998 No resin production in Spain
1998
1st Internat. Resin Simposium
in Segovia:
Recovery of a minimun production
Present context (2010) “The renaissance ?”
2000
Project EURO-Gem in Aquitania (France)
2007
Mechanization essays in Spain
2010
Market convulsion in China
2010
Political agreement in Castilla y León
(Spain) to promote resin production
2011
Political decission in Portugal to launch
«The Portuguese Strategy for Resine Production»
2011
Project INTERREG SUDOE Sust-Forest
2012
Active participation of industry through
the European Association «Harrpa»
2013
Internat. Symposium in Coca (Spain)
2010: “ Renaissance? ”
2011/03
Castilla y León Resin Roundtable
2011 /03
New destillation plant in Segovia
( Resinas Naturales Corp.)
2013
Close to 10.000 Tm of resin
Around
750 resin workers
A production . . .
1.-sustainable
(since 1850)
2.-managed under plans
(since 1900)
3.-integrated with other forest functions:
- soil protection and hidric regulation
- biodiversity conservation
- production of wood and biomass, mushrooms,
gracing and hunting
- public use
4.-certified
(in Spain since 2005)
And . . .
What are the possibilities for
European natural resins ?
Should we promote it in Europe?
Resin production:
A tool for managing
pine forests
in Southern Europe . . .
8 mill. Ha. of pine forests
in Southern Europe !
Forests under risks
that are extreme in Europe
Like fire . . .
Tapping has a
high contribution to
Fire Defence
Access / paths
Tapping represents an intense human activity in the forest during summer
Before
After
Tapping preserves
environmental values
European Commission has recogniced some of these pine forests like
Community Interest Habitats, in category 9540
“Pinares mediterráneos de pinos mesogeanos endémicos”
See: http://www.irnase.csic.es/users/interbos/Resultados/Publicaciones/9540.pdf
Tapping provides raw
materials for the industry
A modern industry with
That could be linked to resins
Significance
for European
Chemical
Industry
advanced techonology
...
from
European forests
...
Reasons for resin production in S. Europe:
- Raw materials demand
- Pine forest conservation
- Unemployment !
Resin production is
in line with public policies in Europe:
- Bioeconomy
- Environment
- Rural development (PAC)
European Chemical Industry
Top 10 recommendations:
October 2012
“Provide an unrestricted
environment for the production
and import of bio-based building
blocks from a sustainable
source in and into Europe
(to be addressed in the context of
the Common Agricultural Policy
Reform)”
http://www.cefic.org/Documents/PolicyCentre/Industrial%20Policy/European%
20Chemical%20Industry's%20Priorities%20in%20Industrial%20Policy.pdf
The European Commission is
financing our action . . .
Sust-Forest
http://www.sust-forest.eu/
1.5 mill. € specifically for resin production . . .
And for Non Wood Forest Products
15 mill €:
Star Tree
NWFP Action Cost
http://star-tree.eu/
http://www.nwfps.eu/
Europe has:
- The ressources
- The know how
(forests)
(technology)
- The industry . . .
And main of all …
The consumers !
European share of world
resin market:
Concept (K Tm)
World prod. EU demand
EU prod.
Pine Resin
Hidrocarbon resin
Tall Oil Gum + Sulf.Turpent.
1.100
1.000
400
300 (27%)
310 (31%)
125 (31%)
<25 ( 8%)
250 (80%)*
125 (100%)
Total
2.500
735 (29%)
400 (54%)
Europe is the largest resin market in the world (<>30%) !
But with a coverture ratio of 20%, competitiviness is in risk !
And in the case of pine resin it´s less than 10% !!
www.sust-forest.eu
*Hidrocarbon resins derive from oil, imported to Europe
And then . . .
What happens?
China has been producing 80% of world
pine resins in the last 20 years . . .
The reason is that almost 80% of resin cost
corresponds to salaries
Ownership; 12%
Resin transport;
4%
Materials; 1%
Vehicle; 7%
Wages; 76%
And Europe could not compete in labor price . . .
Technics and tools . . .
are now the same than in 1900 !
And despite it, . . .
with no innovations, . . .
and in a free market,
actually, …
we can compete with China !
Europe is producing close to 25.000 Tm. of resin,
. . . but could produce:
Very easily
50.000 Tm./year
Easily
100.000 Tm./year
Reasonably
150.000 Tm/year
and up to
300.000 Tm/year
And what should we do to promote
a stable recovery of resin
production in Europe?
The key factor is productivity. . .
Country
China
Brasil
Spain
Kg/worker
Kg/ha
3.000
25.000
15.000
1.400
4.800
600
And in productivity per worker
we clearly are superior to China and
we could get closer to Brasil
To fill in the gap . . .
We need the
1833
third technological jump:
Hughes and sustainability
1933
Stimulation
20??
Mechanization
logistics
and new stimulants
CESEFOR is trying to mechanize tapping
We need to improve the extraction process
and logistics
CUBA
CUBA
Lata 1: 333 m
Lata 3: 441 m
CUBA
Lata 2: 375 m
Lata 3: 668 m
www.sust-forest.eu
We need to work altogether:
Forest owners
Resin workers
Industry
Governments
. . . We need the sector !
We need you, PCA !
And if the CTO industry wants
public policies to modify the support to biofuels . . .
It’s better to unify the message
of all the Pine Chemicals Sector:
In one clear and strong message !
“La resinación en España: Situación y perspectivas”
European policy for 2020 offers
a great opportunity . . .
Let’s take advantage of it!
Thanks !
Muchas gracias
For contact: picnieal@jcyl.es