Levelling the Playing Field - Center for International Forestry Research

Transcription

LPF/05/2006
About CIRAD
Centre de coopération Internationale en recherche
agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) is a French
scientific organisation specialising in agricultural research
for development for the tropics and sub-tropics. It is a Stateowned body, which was established in 1984 following the
consolidation of French agricultural, veterinary, forestry, and
food technology research organisations for the tropics and
subtropics.
CIRAD is organised into seven departments: CIRAD-CA
(annual crops), CIRAD-CP (tree crops),CIRAD-FLHOR (fruit
and horticultural crops),CIRAD-EMVT (animal production
and veterinary medicine), CIRAD-Forêt (forestry), CIRAD-TERA
(land, environment and people), and CIRAD-AMIS (advanced
methods for innovation in science).CIRAD operates through its
own research centres, national agricultural research systems
and development projects.
About CIFOR
The Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) is a
leading international forestry research organization established
in 1993 in response to global concerns about the social,
environmental, and economic consequences of forest loss and
degradation. CIFOR is dedicated to developing policies and
technologies for sustainable use and management of forests,
and for enhancing the well-being of people in developing
countries who rely on tropical forests for their livelihoods.
CIFOR is one of the 15 Future Harvest centres of the Consultative
Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). With
headquarters in Bogor, Indonesia, CIFOR has regional offices in
Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon and Zimbabwe, and it works in
over 30 other countries around the world.
Levelling the Playing Field:
Fair Partnership for Local Development
to Improve the Forest Sustainability in
Southeast Asia
The project is working in contexts where multi-stakeholders
with different views and power act on forest management.
The project aims to improve the forest management by
facilitating stakeholders’ coordination and capacity building.
It will develop approaches and tools for stakeholders to share
views and create condition to manage the forest together.
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche
agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) and Center
for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) are managing
this project with three partners, universities well known for
their involvement in forest management research, which are
Gadjah Mada University (UGM), University of the Philippines
Los Baños (UPLB) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/lpf
Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Gadjah Mada University (UGM)
Malaysia
Office address
Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang
Bogor Barat 16680 - Indonesia
Tel: +62(251) 622 622
Fax: +62(251) 622 100
E-mail: cifor@cgiar.org
Website: www.cifor.cgiar.org
Mailing address
P.O. Box. 6596 JKPWB
Jakarta 10065 - Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
Levelling the Playing Field PHILIPPINES COUNTRY REPORT Year 3
CIRAD’s mission is to contribute to the economic development
of these regions through research, experiments, training and
dissemination of scientific and technical information. The
Centre employs 1800 persons, including 900 senior staff, who
work in more than 50 countries.
Levelling the Playing Field
Fair Partnership for Local Development to Improve
the Forest Sustainability in Southeast Asia
PHILIPPINES COUNTRY REPORT
Year 3
Philippine
College of Forestry and Natural Resources
University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)
Teodoro R. Villanueva, Paolo C. Campo, Azucena E. Gamutia, Ma. Eduarda E. Devanadera
Fair Partnership for Local Development to Improve the
Forest Sustainability in Southeast Asia
Year 3
Teodoro R. Villanueva,
Paolo C. Campo, Azucena E. Gamutia, Ma. Eduarda E. Devanadera
University of the Philippines Los Banos (UPLB)
Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique
pour le Developpment (CIRAD)
Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR)
Cover photos by Teodoro R. Villanueva
Sponsored by European Commission (EC) under the Tropical Forests Budget Line
Contents
I.
Background ……………………………………………………………........ 1
II.
Operations Done in 2005-2006 (Year 3) ………………………………... 1
II.A. Intervention Stage
II.A.1. Multi-Agent System (MAS) Modelling and Applications
II.A.2. CBFM Provincial TWG
II.A.3. Site Level Facilitating Community Initiatives
II.A.4. Provincial Stakeholders Coordination
II.B. Coordination and Capacity Building
II.B.1. Coordination and team meetings
II.B.2. MAS Workshops
II.B.3. Trainings for Livelihood
III.
Results of activities inYear 3 ……………………………………………. 7
IV.
Planned vs. actual activities in year 3 …………………………………11
V.
Plans for 2006-2007 (Year 4) …………………………………………….12
V.A. Activities to be carried out in Year 4
V.B. Financial Expenditure Report of Year 3
V.C. Proposed budget for Year 4
List of Appendices
Appendix 1. Activity tracking table for Year 3
Appendix 2. Composition of the team in Year 3
Appendix 3. Evaluation materials being used to derive the set of C & I for the
use of MAS model
Appendix 4. Minutes of meetings of community working groups
Appendix 5. Minutes of the Provincial Steering Committee
Appendix 6. Minutes of coordination meetings
Appendix 7. MAS progress report for year 3
Appendix 8. Proceedings of trainings
Appendix 9. Planned vs. actual implementation in Year
Appendix 10. Financial expenditures in Year 3
Appendix 11. Budget for Year 4 Operations
I.
Background
The first year of the project consisted of baseline and intervention activities that were
conducted in the period 1 March – 31 August 2004.
In the first year, the LPF Philippines was able to finalize the site selection study.
Through a resource and resource use survey, the current status of the resources and
how they are being used by the communities were ascertained. A household survey
was conducted to assess the socio-economic conditions of communities. Other
baseline studies included institution analysis, a study of the different formal and
informal agreements entered into by the communities, an analysis of policies that affect
the management of the natural resources by the community, and an initial market study.
The first year also included intervention activities. These included facilitating
communities and other stakeholders in coming up with a draft common vision and its
statement, discussing ideal future and trends in natural resources, and assessing
current conditions against ideal future. Other activities included identification and
prioritization of local problems and issues that may hinder the achievement of the
vision, and the strategies to address those issues.
The second year of the project consisted of activities undertaken in the period of 1
September – 31 August 2005. Activities included preparation of logical framework
(Logframe matrix) for the project, analysis and report completion of several baseline
studies.
Intervention activities conducted include multi-stakeholders landscape assessment
(MLA), continuation of market study, multi-agents systems (MAS) modeling, facilitation
of community initiatives (led by community working groups), and coordination of
provincial stakeholders. The project also facilitated the formation of a steering
committee at the provincial level to provide guidance and to ensure sustainability of the
project at later stage.
This third country report is about the progress achieved in the period 1 September
2005 to 31 August 2006. It is noteworthy that in this third year, there are no more
initialization and baseline studies and that most of the activities undertaken are
intervention activities. The intervention activities fall under the major classes of
activities called: MAS modelling and applications, facilitating community initiatives,
provincial stakeholders’ coordination, MAS workshops and trainings for livelihood.
II.
Operations Done in 2005-2006 (Year 3)
Appendix 1 shows the detailed activities undertaken during the year under report. The
main group of activities are detailed in the succeeding parts of this section. These
activities were done by members of the team whose composition is shown in
Appendix 2.
II.A. Intervention Stage
II.A.1. Multi-Agent System (MAS) Modelling and Applications
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MAS modelling for Palawan focused on the livelihood of the stakeholders and how it
changes according to the changes in the environment, e.g. state of the three
landscapes, market behaviour, season and weather.
The MAS model and a role-playing game developed from this model integrated the
data gathered from the FGDs from the previous project year. The Chering game was
adopted and adapted into the context of the livelihood activities of the community. The
Role Playing Game (RPG) was tested on February 22, 2006 with the students of
UPLB. This activity was done to reveal the weaknesses of the RPG, as well as for
students to get acquainted with MAS modeling and RPG’s.
MAS modelling component of the project was presented to the stakeholders.
Stakeholders saw the value of using a tool to assess the impacts of the decisions that
they make in natural resources management. The conceptual model of the study site is
progressively being developed as new data and inputs from the community come
in.Data showed that investments in the different livelihood activities vary. Deep fishing
is most capital intensive while small activities like rattan, honey and resin gathering
requires no financial capital. Livelihood is also affected greatly by weather and season.
People also rely on information from fellow community members on which livelihood is
profitable or will provide earning.
FGDs were conducted and data gathered indicated the range of livelihood options that
the stakeholders make across the three landscapes in the coast, lowlands and uplands.
Backed by interviews with institutions and individuals, the findings of this component
indicate that factors such as climate and capital or initial resources to do a certain
livelihood are the main factors that affect the decision of an individual to go into a
certain livelihood activity.
A set of “Criteria and Indicators” is being developed for analysing the ComMod process
focused on the learning process of the stakeholders. The development of the criteria
and indicators is based on the responses on the evaluation materials that participants
fill up after each workshop. The evaluation materials are attached as Appendix 3.
RPG and the MAS model will be be used as a tool to assess options in livelihood
related to natural resources. The different participants such as; non-government
organizations (NGO’s), government organizations (GO’s), provincial steering
committee (PrSC), community and Bataks expressed interest to participate in
discussing options to properly manage resources for livelihood.
II.A.2. CBFM Provincial TWG
LPF also participated in the activities of the Community Based Forest Management
(CBFM) Technical Working Group which had identified various problems, issues and
concerns of PO’s in CBFM implementation.
Many CBFM areas in the province are not being managed by the communities the way
they should be managed according to the provisions of the CBFM contract agreement.
Specifically, the CBFM area in the LPF project site, i.e. San Rafael, Tanabag,
Concepcion Multi-purpose Cooperative (STCMPC), does not have any more
management activities because the PO contracted in the agreement is inactive. The
inactivity is caused by internal problems among the leaders of the PO who themselves
were inactive. Said leaders have to shift attention to other activities that can give them
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income as there were no more benefits that can be derived from managing the CBFM
area.Harvesting permits were cancelled. The attitude to leave the CBFM works ia also
true among members. And the reason, which is perception of lack of benefits derived
from managing the CBFM, is the same among the members.
Other issues and problems identified during the meetings of the CBFM Technical
Working Group were: 1) slow processing of papers; 2) confusing requirements &
process flow of application for CBFMA; 3) payment of PhP 5000 to National Council for
Indigenous People (NCIP); 4) utilization of non-timber forest products; 5) policies on
ecologically critical area network (ECAN) validation; 6) harmonization of policies of
Palawan Council for Sustainable Development (PCSDS) and Department of
Environment and Natural Reources (DENR); 7) training needs, e.g. GPS and GIS
training; 8) monitoring of furniture shops; 9) actual on-ground monitoring; 10) delayed
issuance of identification cards for local people who are designated or deputized as
environment and natural resources officers (DENRO’s); 11) weak partnership of among
local government units, DENR and PCSDS; 12) overlapping tenurial instruments; 14)
Coordination.
The problems above were raised by CBFM Agreement holders in the province. Most of
the problems pertain to the government agencies. For example, they cited that their
requests for exemption on harvesting ban have long been with the DENR and they
have not received any reply yet. Some of the TWG members also experienced
confusion in their application for CBFM. They complain about lot of paper works and
other requirements from the DENR and PCSD, which are sometimes very confusing
and conflicting. Thus there is a need to harmonize the policies of the two offices.
Specifically they complain about the delineation of large portion of their CBFM areas as
core zone, thus virtually preventing them to access large portion of their areas, as core
zones are “no touch” zones.
II.A.3. Site Level Facilitating Community Initiatives
The four community technical working groups (TWGs) linked with their barangay heads
to enhance the support of Barangay leaders to the activities that the they undertake.
Livelihood and marketing group presented their output with request to continue the nito
handicraft training. Issues needing attention in training were the organizational
structure, centralization of market, and price control. It was difficult for TWG members
to influence the market since the handicraft makers presently in Barangay San Rafael
had already contracted their finished products with the buyers at specific prices. TWG
decided not to pursue the nito handicraft training. There were already community
people engaged in nito weaving and with the request of the TWG they offered that all
interested individual who wanted to learn the nito handicraft making can go to their
houses and members of their families would be willing to help and train them.
Community TWGs were able to raise funds already for small project activities they wish
to undertake. Assessment of existing livelihood in the three Barangays was conducted
to have a basis of where the money that they have raised will be used. The existing
livelihood identified were: Buy and sell of cashew nuts, almaciga gathering, planting in
the upland, honey gathering, buy and sell of honey, copra production, weaving of nipa
and coconut leaves, livestock production, livestock fattening, vegetable gardening,
flower gardening, seaweeds farming, buy and sell of pawid and nipa. Lowland TWG
selected the flower gardening, buy and sell of cashew nuts on upland and livelihood
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and marketing. Upland TWG was very interested on charcoal briquetting while waiting
for the inquiries about this technology.
TWGs had become capacitated to solve their local problems. The relocation survey
issue raised during PrSC meeting has been identified as the concerns of purok little
Zamboanga at barangay Concepcion. It is agreed that TWG members residing in the
said place can resolve the issue, coordinate request on relocation survey at City
government. Lowland group and other TWG members did “bayanihan” (a local practice
of group help) for the construction of Display Center, presently it is filled by different
flowers
Community members have also learned how to plan. A Framework for Livelihood
Project/Enterprise Development and Business Planning had been developed.
Participants by group made their business plans: Upland and Livelihood and Marketing
groups did plan for “buy and sell of cashew nuts”, lowland group did plan for flower
gardening while coastal group did plan for “Balatan” or sea urchin culture.
TWG Members are requesting for additional capital for their business to earn more
profit. Members of the TWG showed their interests to register as an association to have
legal identity. TWG conducted a raffle draw to raise funds for their livelihood. Lowland
group submitted a letter to the city veterinary office for cow dispersal for the TWG
members in the barangays.
The City Agriculture’s office delivered 1000 planting materials for the riverbank
rehabilitation in Brgy. Tanabag, Barangay Riverbank rehabilitation was successfully
done on August 27 through the participation of the community members from Brgy.
Tanabag and TWG members. It was headed by all Barangay councils from Barangay
Tanabag. A total of thirty two members of the community participated. They planted
1000 seedlings of virtiver grass along riverbank.
Minutes of meetings of the community working group is shown in Appendix 4.
II.A.4. Provincial Stakeholders Coordination
The roles and responsibilities of PrSC had been reviewed and firmed up. Issues and
concerns were brought up in the meeting and the committee served as good venue to
find solutions and answers to the issues and concerns brought up.
Steering committee is indeed very useful in ensuring that project targets are achieved
and activities will be sustainable.
The committee has also become a venue to clarify issues and identify responsibilities.
It has become a venue for negotiation among the stakeholders.
LPF is now facilitating a resolution at the barangay level to endorse the legitimization or
institutionalization of the PrSC by the PCSD.
Minutes of the PrSC meeting is show in Appendix 5.
II.B. Coordination and Capacity Building
II.B.1. Coordination and team meetings
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A detailed Gantt Chart of activities was finalized based on the original implementation
schedule for Palawan. This chart has become very useful to the team in undertaking
and coordinating the different activities.
Proceedings of team coordination meeting are shown in Appendix 6.
II.B.2. MAS Workshops
The first series of RPG sessions was conducted on March 2-9, 2006. The RPG was
played with the community (migrants) and the Bataks. The RPG was used to validate
the data gathered during the FGDs with the stakeholders, specifically on how they
make their decisions when performing/changing livelihood activities. Issues about
livelihood activities were discussed with the participants. The MAS modelling activity,
i.e. RPG, was evaluated using pre-determined questions. Discussion on the relevance
of the evaluation activity was also done. The following results were gathered from this
activity:
a. At the beginning of this research, it was assumed that the three barangays would be
sharing the same space for resource-use. It was expected that there would be
similarities as well as differences in their livelihood activities. Although this would be
obvious for the case of the Bataks as they are limited to the forest area, it was much
more difficult to identify the similarities and differences in the choice of livelihood
activities of the migrants. It was during the RPG wherein it was made clearer which of
the barangays are more involved in a certain activity based on the choices they have
made during the game as well as from the discussions that followed.
b. The income from just one livelihood activity is not enough to sustain the everyday
cost of living in the community. Given such a situation, the migrants are often engaged
in more than one livelihood activity. However, some of the livelihood activities they are
doing now, such as fishing and vegetable gardening, given the right capital, training,
and equipment, would actually be profitable based on the experiences of some of the
participants. For example, in the RPGs played with the participants in the three
barangays, most of those who engaged in fishing lost money. When asked if this result
is realistic, they replied affirmatively. However, there are some players, who are
experienced fishermen in real life and have invested money in their equipment,
especially on their boats, were profiting from fishing during the game. They were
asked if indeed such profits were attainable in real life, and they replied that it is indeed
possible and they have experienced it as well in real life.
c. During the RPG, it was observed that most of the Batak participants would be doing
the same livelihood activity at one time. In the discussion it was explained to the
researchers that all the Bataks will do one kind of activity at one time depending on the
season or demand. For example, if it is the season for honey, all those who are
physically able will gather honey. If there is demand for rattan, all of them will gather
rattan.
d. During the discussion about the RPG, the Bataks were asked about their strategies
during the game, such as when the community would be engaged in a certain activity,
as well as if the pay-offs they were getting in the game were correct. They explained
that, for some of their commodities, these are gathered only if there is demand from the
traders (migrants). When it comes to pricing, it is the traders who would dictate the
price. Therefore, the Bataks rely on the trading activity of the migrants for their
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livelihood. Most, if not all of their commodities are sold to the migrants from within the
three barangays and are very seldom sold in the main city due to high transportation
costs.
e. At first glance, buy-and-sell activities would not be seen as directly connected with
resource exploitation; thus it was not identified in the FGDs and was not included in the
RPG. During the discussion of the RPG, however, the participants pointed out that it
should be included in the game as there is a considerable amount of people in all the
three barangays engaged in this type of activity. At closer analysis, due to the number
of people involved in this kind of activity, plus the fact that the livelihood activities of the
Bataks are demand-driven, this might dictate the speed and intensity as to which
resources would be gathered within and outside the boundaries of the barangays.
The model and, subsequently, the RPG were refined based on the discussions from
the workshop. The changes made were validated during the second series of RPG
workshops conducted on June 10-15, 2006. This time, the revised RPG was played
not only with the community (migrants) and the Bataks, but also with representatives
from non-government organizations (NGOs), government offices (GOs), and the
Provincial Steering Committee (PrSC). The refined RPG was also used to introduce
the idea of scenario-building to the stakeholders, wherein two scenarios were played: 1)
status quo, and 2) access restrictions on certain areas of the environment. This series
of workshops revealed the differences in the strategies of the different types of
stakeholders.
During the last two workshop series with the stakeholders, an evaluation of the
workshop was done at the end of the discussions to determine the relevance and the
lessons learned from the day’s activity. The evaluation was done using a set of guide
questions pertaining to the relevance of the workshop to the lives of the players (as an
individual and as part of the community) including the lessons they may have learned
in the activity, the organization of the workshop itself, including the RPG and the tools
used in conducting the workshop as well as questions pertaining to the relevance of the
evaluation process to their everyday lives. The initial response from the participants of
the workshops has been positive and they have appreciated the value of the evaluation
process. They look forward into using the same method in future MAS activities as well
as in their own activities. The evaluation questions have also been reviewed with the
stakeholders. In general, the questions were relevant and sufficient in evaluating MAS
workshops/activities. However, they suggested that an indicator should be added in the
evaluation process and that is actual use of the lessons learned in the MAS activities in
real life.
The first scenario-building workshop was conducted together with the second RPG
session with the stakeholders and was held on June 10-15, 2006. Five one-day
workshops were conducted during that period, a session for each representatives of
the community (migrants), the Bataks, NGOs, GOs, and the PrSC. The scenarios
which have been identified in the 5 sessions could be grouped according policies,
availability of natural resources, number of resources users, availability of livelihood
activities (existing and introduction of new ones), attitudes of resource-users, resource
extraction technology/methods, peace and order, and external forces such as inflation
and prices. Also, indicators needed to analyze these scenarios were elicited from the
stakeholders.
The progress report of the use of MAS model in the project site is shown as Appendix
7.
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II.B.3. Trainings for Livelihood
The Training Course on Seaweeds Faming Using Multiple Vertical Lines in barangay
San Rafael was held successfully in partnership with DA-BFAR-Regional Fisheries
Center. Participants who attended were given materials and 150 kgs of seedlings to
start by the DA-BFAR-RFTC. Participants from barangay San Rafael, Tanabag and
Concepcion were invited; however, all participants came from San Rafael. Only eleven
(11) participants attended due to several factors: some were busy planting their rice
fields, others were involved in different types of activities and several were discouraged
on their past experience in seaweeds farming.
Farmers Training on Off-Season Vegetables Production was held successfully in
partnership with City-Agriculture’s Office. Almost 40 participants attended, four (4)
came from Brgy. San Rafael, 2 from Barangay Tanabag and the rest came from Brgy.
Concepcion.
Proceedings of the above trainings are shown in Appendix 8.
III.
Results of activities inYear 3
Results achieved in regard to target groups in Palawan is summarised in Table 1. In
the column of ‘results and/or outputs’, progress achieved is quantified on a scale of 1 to
5, where 1 means just started and 5 means completed.
Table 1. Palawan results Year 3.
Results
1. Key actors demand for
project intervention
identified or confirmed
2. Key actors negotiate and
agree on a common longterm objective for forests
and associated land
management
Description of results and/or
outputs
Done 5/5
Key actors welcomed the project
intervention and participated
actively in steering committee and
working groups to address the
identified problems
Done 3/5
Key actors have negotiated and
agreed on a common long-term
objective. The produced draft
vision statement has to be
revisited at a later stage
Source of verification
Palawan Provincial Steering
Committee Minutes of Meetings;
Community Technical Working
Groups Minutes of Meetings;
Trip reports;
Palawan Planning Workshop
Report;
Resolution from barangay councils
adopting LPF in their barangays
Records of participation of
government agencies and NGOs in
LPF activities
Proceedings of site level and
provincial level workshops on
visioning,
Draft vision statement
Revisited vision statement
3. Place of negotiation is
set up where key actors
meet regularly to discuss
issues
Done 4/5
Provincial Steering Committee and
Technical Working Groups in the
community/village level have been
set up. These are being used for
negotiation. Other fora for
negotiation may have to be set up
Stakehoders familiar and can recite
their vision statement
Provincial Steering Committee,
Technical Working Groups in the
community
Minutes of meetings
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Results
4. Role of natural resources
in relation to peoples
livelihood understood and
acted upon by researchers,
company and or local
government
5. Community
representatives make more
proposals about
environmental livelihoods,
act on list of environmental
priorities and learn from
experience
6. Community members act
less as individuals and
form and select
representatives through
democratic process.
Description of results and/or
outputs
at later stages for specific issues.
Done 4/5
Researchers have undertaken
several studies. The community
members and local government
with the facilitation of the
researchers have been acting
upon the identified problems.
These efforts are still on-going.
Done 4/5
Community representatives
prepared and submitted proposals
for funding to city government.
The proposals were not funded
due to the limitations of funds.
Done 4/5
Community members acted
collectively in addressing the
problems through the technical
working groups
7. A current or potential
partner indicates forward
contract for new
environment product.
Done 1/5
8. Scientists able to
communicate and influence
development actors by
using simple simulation
approaches
Done 3/5
The researchers have just initiated
the process. Development actors
have expressed interests to use
the approach. A model is currently
being developed.
Done 3/5
The researchers have presented
the LPF project approaches in
different national and local
workshops. The different reports
are available at project website.
Several papers will be presented
in international forums in the near
future.
9. Institutions publish or
communicate more on
environmental stewardship
approaches and methods
Community members able to link
with potential markets
Source of verification
Negotiations reached
Study reports, progress reports and
minutes of meetings of community
working groups, MAS modeling
report.
Proposals on water system
submitted to City Planning.
Community prepared proposal on
livelihood using available and
abundant resources like sea
cucumber in the sea, cashew in the
lowland and upland, handicraft
using vines and other nonn-timber
forest products
Community technical working
groups, progress reports of
technical working groups.
Regular meetings of community
technical working groups
Barangay councils of San Rafael,
Tanabag and Concepcion
recognizing efforts of the
community working groups
Reports of community working
groups that they have identified
interested buyers and outlets for
cashew, off-season vegetables and
sea cucumber, and handicrafts
MAS workshop reports
Government offices and NGOs
requesting copies of the MAS
model
Project website
Workshop papers on the use of
MAS to improve management of
common resources IASCP May
2006
Result 1. Key actors demand for project intervention identified and
confirmed.
This key result had been fully accomplished, but not easily. While key actors at the
provincial level were quickly amenable to project intervention, local communities initially
demonstrated skepticism to the proposed project. In the Philippines and particularly in
Palawan which have become favourite site for research and development, local
communities have become wary about projects which have merely treated them as
experimental units to be frequently measured. The community has reached a level of
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awareness about participation and insisted they want to be involved in the research. As
an action research, LPF was able to promise and kept its promise to make the people
involved and participate. Since the community saw that LPF will help them solve their
problems (not LPF to solve their problems) the community started buying in the project.
Two structures were institutionalized that indicate that key actors have welcomed the
project are the Provincial Steering Committee and the community technical working
groups. The Provincial Steering Committee (PrSC) is a group whose formation was
facilitated by the project. The PrSC is currently serving as a venue where the
community can raise issues and concerns. In the PrSC the chances that these
problems will be easily addressed is very big. The problems and issues are easily
addressed as the concerned agencies are represented in the committee. The
committee also ensures that the long term vision of the community fits well with the
long term vision of the larger unit where the community belongs. The community
technical working groups on the other hand are groups consisting of the different
community representatives with different interests and capabilities, who have been
formed and regularly meet to discuss local problems and solutions. They link with other
stakeholders who can assist them solve the problems identified and prioritized. There
are working groups concerned with issues in the coastal, lowland, upland and
livelihood.
Result 2. Key actors negotiate and agree on a common long-term objective for
forests and associated land management
Through the facilitation of the project, a long term vision was formulated by the
community themselves. The same vision was found by the other key actors at the
provincial level to be consistent with the provincial and other stakeholders long term
vision. The statement of agreement was forged during workshops organized by LPF
Palawan. This agreement is also presently manifested in the cooperation and
assistance being provided by the city and provincial development actors to the projects
of the community working groups and the barangays.
Result 3. Place of negotiation is set up where key actors meet regularly to
discuss issues
The Provincial Steering Committee, the community technical working groups are
places of negotiations created trough the facilitation of the Project where actors meet
regularly to discuss issues, problems and solutions to them. The value of the PrSC
committee had been demonstrated in instances when the local community working
groups elaborate issues and problems in regular meetings of the PrSC.
The formation of working groups virtually put the community members in the
mainstream of local problem solving. However since the working groups are new
organizations outside the local barangay organizational structure, they were treated
with doubts by the local leaders as they were seen to be potential dangers to usurp
what usually are the responsibilities and tasks regularly performed by duly elected and
constituted bodies. Thus there was a need to clarify that the working group will not last
forever and that if they are able to identify a project for the community they will be later
integrated to the barangay organizational structure to continue the implementation of
the identified community project. This will help avoid potential conflicts of power
between local barangays leaders and working groups.
9
Result 4. Role of natural resources in relation to people’s livelihood understood
and acted upon by researchers, company and or local government
Various means and venues are being used and will be continued to be used by the
project to illustrate the role of natural resources to livelihood. Our main tool is multiagent system (MAS) model. While the model and RPGs developed were focusing
mainly on livelihood the project will also establish the link between water and livelihood.
Result 5. Community representatives make more proposals about environmental
livelihoods, acts on list of environmental priorities and learn from experience
Using a premise that the livelihood most appropriate for them are the ones that will
make the full potential of natural resources or raw materials that are abundant in the
area the community had prepared proposal for livelihood using vines and non-timber
forest products, cashew and sea cucumber.
Until the present, the community still considers water as an important resource that will
link their livelihood and environment. In this connection, proposal for water system has
been prepared. This first try proposal has not been funded and community tries to
improve the proposal and does more hard work to find funding for water proposal.
Result 6. Community members act less as individuals and form and select
representatives through democratic process
LPF had facilitated the creation of community technical working groups. The formation
was done through a process, characterized as voluntary, based on a members interest
and capability and leaders chosen by the members themselves. The groups have been
working very well after a few capacitating trainings that LPF had conducted. The
working groups have been the main recipients of assistance and capability building
activities provided by the project. This is why they have been doing most of the actions,
through the facilitation of the project.
Result 7. A current or potential partner indicates forward contract for new
environmental product
No new or current or potential partner had indicated forward contract for a new
environmental product. Community members have only hinted that there are potential
markets for the livelihood product they want to raise. This was not baseless anyhow,
since they observe around in nearby communities that products like processed cashew,
sea cucumber, hand-woven handicraft and off-season vegetables have potential
markets.
Result 8. Scientists able to communicate and influence development actors by
using simple simulation approaches
The development of the Multi-Agent System (MAS) model considers mainly the factors
and environment where the community people make decisions regarding choice and
conduct of livelihood activities. Through the model and its accompanying role playing
games (RPG), the community people can better understand factors that affect their
livelihood, thus they will be helped to make better decisions regarding livelihood. The
tools have also been presented to representatives of government agencies, nongovernment organizations and local government officials when they were gathered by
10
the LPF Project in various workshops to introduce the simulation tool. Many
development actors have expressed interest to use the tool and the approach.
Result 9. Institutions publish or communicate more on environmental
stewardship approaches and methods
LPF scientists were able to present a paper entitled “Multi-Agent Systems (MAS)
Modelling to Improve the Management of Common Renewable Resources in Palawan,
Philippines” during the Eleventh Biennial Global Conference of The International
Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP). The conference was held on
June 19 – June 23, 2006 in Bali, Indonesia with the theme “Survival of the Commons:
Mounting Challenges & New Realities”.
IV.
Planned vs. actual activities in year 3
Appendix 9 shows the difference between planned activities and actual achievements
in Palawan during Year 3.
In Year 3, LPF Palawan exerted all efforts to undertake all planned activities as
scheduled. However, the implementation schedule showing planned vs actual activities
shows that a number of activities were either implemented not according to schedule or
were not implemented at all. As can be seen in the figure, model building took more
time than its planned schedule. This is because the model developed needed more
inputs and therefore more activities involving the stakeholders, including the indigenous
people who had to be visited in the middle of the mountain where they are located. It
was also decided that the MAS model for Palawan would focus more on the livelihood
of the stakeholders and how it changes according to the changes in the environment,
e.g. state of the three landscapes, market behavior, season and weather.
The data gathered from the FGDs from the previous project year had to be integrated
into the MAS model and a role-playing game was developed from this model. The
Chering game was adopted and adapted into the context of the livelihood activities of
the community. The RPG needed to be tested on February 22, 2006 with the students
of UPLB. This activity was done to reveal the weaknesses of the RPG, as well as for
students to get acquainted with MAS modeling and RPG’s.
The first series of RPG sessions was conducted on March 2-9, 2006. The RPG was
played with the community (migrants) and the Bataks. The RPG was used to validate
the data gathered during the FGDs with the stakeholders, specifically on how they
make their decisions when performing/changing livelihood activities. Issues about
livelihood activities were discussed with the participants. The MAS modelling activity,
i.e. RPG, was evaluated using pre-determined questions. Discussion on the relevance
of the evaluation activity was also done.
As for activities which were not implemented like trainings in Palawan and UP Los
Banos, these had to be deferred because the model have to be finished and tested
before it can be used for training.
Two scientific reports were consequently not prepared because of the delay in MAS
model building. These reports are: M & E by communities and report on management
plan formulation.
11
Activities in the field involving community working groups, steering committees and
other stakeholders were done as scheduled. These activities were easily done as we
are already able to solicit the active participation of stakeholders appreciative of the
advantages of being involved in community development and natural resources
management.
In Year 3, the team did facilitation of community working groups, Provincial Steering
Committee, Community based forest management technical working group, which
resulted to stakeholders working together prioritized resources problems.
In Palawan, an estimated 90% of the planned activities has been achieved.
V.
Plans for 2006-2007 (Year 4)
V.A. Activities to be carried out in Year 4
Among other things, the specific activities of LPF Palawan to achieve expected results
are shown in the third column of the table below.
Results
1. Key actors demand for project
intervention identified or
confirmed
2. Key actors negotiate and agree
on a common long-term objective
for forests and associated land
management
Expected Results in
Year 4
None
Activities to be undertaken in
Year 4 to improve on results
None
Long term vision
revisited
Conduct workshop about water and
land management
Prepare flyers, posters, leaflets in
local dialect about the long term
vision and the LPF
Present revisited long term vision
to the Provincial Steering
Committee
3. Place of negotiation is set up
where key actors meet regularly to
discuss issues
Place of negotiation at
villages level to manage
water issues (including
three villages + Bataks)
Facilitate negotiation about water
issues through FGDs
PrSC increased
activities (issue of
zoning)
Facilitate meetings of community
working groups
Provincial Steering
Committee active
Facilitate meetings of PrSC
Attend Provincial Steering
Committee meetings
Facilitate legitimization of PrSC
4. Role of natural resources in
relation to peoples livelihood
understood and acted upon by
researchers, company and or local
government
12
Roles of water and
forests have been better
understood and people
organized to manage
water resource and
upland watersheds
which are mostly
Facilitate meetings and projects of
community technical working group
Assess current management of
water system of Concepcion
Facilitate implementation of water
forested
system project in other villages
Issues on water
management and
distribution in
Concepcion evaluated
Facilitate understanding of water,
watershed management, land
management
A center for information
at village level is set up
Community develop its
own system of
monitoring natural
resources
5. Community representatives
make more proposals about
environmental livelihoods, act on
list of environmental priorities and
learn from experience
Experiences are
recorded and analyzed
at village level at the
center for information.
People acts on list of
priorities set up the
previous year
Facilitate negotiation about water
issues through FGDs
Prepare posters and materials in
local language (with drawings) to
broadcast information at village
level
Facilitate participative C&I
monitoring
Facilitate elaboration of information
center.
Assist preparation of proposals
Facilitate micro-project
implementation
Find funds for projects identified
Community working
groups prepare more
proposals
6. Community members act less
as individuals and form and select
representatives through
democratic process.
7. A current or potential partner
indicates forward contract for new
environment product.
Collective management
of the water issue
Technical working group
dismantled and a new
TWG set up under the
authority of local LGU to
handle water issue
Market identified and
formalized
Facilitate process of integrating
community technical working group
in the community government unit
Disseminate information on market
gathered by market study
Prepare a list of hotels, markets,
institutions, stores in Palawan
where community products can be
traded
8. Scientists able to communicate
and influence development actors
by using simple simulation
approaches
Model developed and
used for planning and
negotiation
Model development
Workshops
Increase in number of
development actors
using simulation
approaches in Palawan
Conduct trainings
Trainings conducted in
Palawan and UPLB
9. Institutions publish or
communicate more on
environmental stewardship
approaches and methods
Researchers able to
publish in journals
Writing
Brochures about LPF
Palawan results and
lessons learned
produced
13
Website maintained
Communicate LPF
findings to CBFM
networks.
Attend CBFM provincial meeting
Regional Workshop in
Malaysia
As far as the long term vision is concerned, there is still a need to communicate this
long term vision so that the community will own it. The long term vision is also
connected and dependent upon the sustainable management of a resource, in the
case of the site, water. Therefore there is a need to provide venue to make clear to the
stakeholders issues about land and water management. This will be done through
workshops. Flyers, posters and leaflets in local dialect about the long term vision will
also be prepared to disseminate them to the key stakeholders. To revisit the long term
vision is acceptance that the vision earlier drafted is subject to verification and
amendment depending upon the feedback from the key stakeholders. As soon as the
vision is revisited and firmed up, the other stakeholders will have to know and own it.
The venue to disseminate and finally adopt a revisited long term vision is the Provincial
Steering Committee.
Therefore, as long as the LPF is able to do, it will facilitate the conduct of the regular
meeting of the PrSC. As the community working groups are also places of negotiation,
the LPF will also facilitate its activities. In both places for negotiation, issues about
water will be given priority for solution, as it is the resource that will link livelihood and
sustainable forest management.
It may also be necessary to legitimize the existence of the PrSC. In such a case the
different barangays (barangay means village in Philippines) have actually approved
resolution towards legitimization of the committee. As a legitimate organization, PrSC
shall also be proposed to be more active in discussing the zoning for biodiversity
protection in Palawan.
Aside from the zoning issue to be discussed in the legitimate venues like TWG and
PrSC, it is targeted that the community will be able to appreciate the roles of water and
forests and discussed this at their level. It is through the appreciation of the role of
water in their livelihood that the project wishes the community to go into sustainable
use of forested watersheds in the area.
In this regard, the value of information cannot be discounted in discussing and solving
local issues. As the adage goes “information is power”, it is important that the groups
formed to address local problems and issues have access to useful information. It is
planned to facilitate the elaboration of a information center at the community level to
enable effective and efficient problem solving. LPF also observes that a lot of decisions
to solve local problems were before done by local politicians who make decisions not
based on good information. LPF will endeavor to institutionalize decision making by
community working groups following a process that emphasizes the use of information.
The need to prepare a lot of proposals for project that may be funded by LGUs and
third party will benefit a lot from the information centre that will be established. What we
14
foresee is that the center will also be a depository of experiences and lessons in
making proposals. In relation to this it will be necessary to identify enthusiastic youth
who are keen in computers and who may be trained as keepers of the information
centers.
Finally, collective management of the water issue will require creation of a new group
(or a new TWG) under the authority of the local barangays to handle the management
of water system.
Up until the present the kind of livelihood based on a environmental product have not
been firmed up in the community, in other words there is no full blown or operational
livelihood project yet in the site. The choice of what to produce is vital; some suggests
ornamental plants, nito weaving and some suggests off-season vegetables; cucumber
farming and sea weeds are suggested by others. Whatever natural resource base
livelihood chosen it must be emphasized that the choice must satisfy a few
requirements. One primary requirement is abundance of raw material inputs and on the
other end the presence of markets. At the moment potential market for the different
products have to be identified. There was a previous market study conducted during
baseline data collection phase of this LPF project and findings of said study will be
examined for usefulness to the livelihood project being contemplated upon by the
community.
Another target of the project is improvement of negotiation. For this year we target to
use the model in planning and negotiation. This will entail modification of emphasis that
the tool will model, from livelihood to impacts of changes in policy like ecological area
network zoning, total logging bans and other scenarios that the stakeholders will be
interested to study. In this way, the tool is also going to be used as a medium for
negotiation. As the model will be able to show various impacts of policy changes and
their implementation, it will be a very effective tool also for making courses of action.
To have our works, lessons, findings and results disseminated, all possible venues of
letting them known will be exploited. Journals are more effective venues so the project
will target journal publications. Conferences are also good venues but they will be less
prioritized. After Bali IASCAP, we are targeting ASIMOD in January 2007.The
ASIMMOD is a conference which focuses on systems modeling and simulation; a
venue to report the results, share experiences, and discuss and learn from studies
about systems modeling and simulation within the Asian region. The LPF Philippine
team has submitted an abstract for the conference, which has been accepted. The
abstract focuses on the learning experiences in implementing Companion Modelling in
the development of a MAS model for the three communities, as well as the use of the
MAS model in the resource management planning of the stakeholders of the three
communities.
15
Scientific
Reports
Reports
Other Level
Activities
Site Level Activities
(others)
(Water)
Site Level
Activities
(Livelihood)
Implementation Schedule for Palawan, Philippines
Facilitation of implementation of cashew,
sea cucumber micro-project
FGDs for livelihood issues
Month: S
Planned
O
N
D
Year 4
J F
M
Q
F
M
J
Q
AF
J
A
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Implementation of water project*
Planned
Actual
Prepare leaflte and info in local dialect
Planned
Actual
about livelihood water, and visions
Information centers in village
Planned
Actual
Planned
Meeting with Provincial SC
Actual
Planned
Community technical working groups
Actual
Planned
Find financial support for water project
Actual
Monitoring by external assessor
Planned
Actual
Planned
Monitor by community (through fgds)
Actual
Reports
Planned
Actual
Planned
Journal art
Actual
Brochure about LPF experience in Palawan Planned
Actual
Journal articles
Planned
MAS Workshop bridging livelihood and
water issue
Set up water working group under autority
of villages heads
FGDs for water issues with MAS
Q
M
Actual
Planned
Actual
Quarterly Reports Q
Annual Reports A
Final Report F
Midterm Report M
Possible Extension
B
2
Codes:
(incorporates 4th quarter)
Figure 1: Implementation schedule for Palawan, Philippines year IV.
16
A
F
V.B.
Financial Expenditure Report of Year 3
See Appendix 10.
V.C.
Proposed budget for Year 4
See Appendix 11.
17
Appendix 1
Fair Partnership for Local Development to
Improve the Forest Sustainability in Southeast
Asia
Activity Tracking Table
18
Table for Activities tracking - Palawan Site Year 3
Date
Activity type
Sept. 2005
– Oct.
2005
Revision and
finalization of
year 2
country
reports
Revision and
finalization of
year 3
operational
plans
Support to
CBFM
Provincial
Technical
Working
Group
Sept. 2005
Sept. 2005
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Main results/ findings/
information collected
Year 2
country
report
submitted
Teodoro
Villanueva
Meetings
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Doodee
Devanadera
Report
status
Year 2
country
report
submitted
Many CBFM areas in the province
are not being managed by the
communities the way they should be
managed according to the
provisions of the CBFM contract
agreement. Specifically, the CBFM
area in the LPF project site, i.e.
STCMPC, does not have any more
management activities because the
PO contracted in the agreement is
inactive.
LPF plans to facilitate and assist in
whatever form it can afford, to “reactivate” the PO. This is very
important to undertake because
there is a danger that the contract
may be cancelled as DENR has
already started canceling CBFM
contracts in some parts of the
country. Inactivity of the PO can be
one reason for cancellation.
DENR has sent feelers to LPF on a
need for assistance from LPF to
reactivate the PO that manages the
CBFM.
Sept 2005
MAS
Modelling:
progress
report writing
Report
writing
Paolo
Campo,
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Azucena
Gamutia
LPF will be treating this issue as
one concern of the upland TWG.
Stakeholders are seeing the value
of using a tool to assess the impacts
of the decisions that they make in
natural resources management.
Report has
been
completed
The progress report of MAS
modelling activities in Palawan
includes report on the results of the
presentation of the MAS modelling
component of the project to the
stakeholders; data gathered during
19
Date
Oct. 2005
Nov. 15-16
Nov. 15,
2005
Nov. 20,
2005 –
Jan. 10,
2006
Dec.
Activity type
MAS
Modelling:
model
building
Community
Initiative
MAS
Modelling:
Abstract
writing for
IASCP
conference
MAS
Modelling:
model
building
Site Level
Facilitation
20
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Model
conceptuali
zation, data
integration
Paolo
Campo,
Azucena
Gamutia,
Teodoro
Villanueva
Training,
workshop
Azucena
Gamutia,
Provincial
and City
Agriculture’s
staff
Paolo
Campo,
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Herlina
Hartanto,
Philippe
Guizol
Paper
writing
Review of
related
literature
and
softwares,
Discussions
with experts
Paolo
Campo,
Francois
Bousquet,
Martine
Antona,
members of
the Cormas
mailing list
Informal
discussion
Azucena
Gamutia
FGDs indicate the range of
livelihood options that the
stakeholders make across the three
landscapes in the coast, lowlands
and uplands. Backed by interviews
with institutions and individuals, the
findings of this component indicate
that factors such as climate and
capital or initial resources to do a
certain livelihood are the main
factors that affect the decision of an
individual to go into a certain
livelihood activity.
The conceptual model of the study
site being constantly built and
revised depending on the data that
has been gathered.
Report
status
To be
completed
Eighteen (18) community members
from the three Barangays attended
the training workshop
Workshop
proceedings
to be
finalized
Abstract for the IASCP Conference
Abstract
has been
completed
and
submitted.
Based on the discussions, the MAS
model for Palawan will focus more
on the livelihoods of the
stakeholders and how they changes
according to the changes in the
environment, e.g. state of the three
landscapes, market behavior,
season and weather. A set of
“Criteria and Indicators” will be
developed for analyzing the
ComMod process focused on the
learning process of the stakeholders
Based on the results of 2nd
prioritization, ten (10) members of
the different TWGs discussed and
identified activities to be undertaken
in the month of December 2005 to
January 2006. Some activities
include nito handicraft training,
inventory of existing livelihood and
Actual
paper to be
written.
Trip report
submitted
Completed:
Minutes of
the informal
discussion
Date
Activity type
Dec. 26
Site Level
Facilitation
Jan. 16 –
Feb. 21,
2006
MAS
Modelling:
model
building
Feb. 2-5,
2006
Coordination
and team
meeting
Feb.11,
2006
Site Level
Facilitation
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Ground
working
Azucena
Gamutia
Secondary
data
gathering,
data
integration,
RPG
construction
Paolo
Campo,
Azucena
Gamutia.
Zaldy
Cayatoc,
Dan Tejada,
Wilson
Pambid
Meeting
and
workshop;
Group
discussion
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Paolo
Campo,
Azucena
Gamutia,
Doodee
Devanadera
Azucena
Gamutia,
Doodee
Devanadera,
Teodoro
Villanueva
identification of NTFP gatherer’s
The TWGs linked with their
barangay heads to enhance the
support of Barangay leaders and
the councils of the three Barangays
Data showed that investments in the
different livelihood activities vary.
Deep fishing is most capital
intensive while small activities like
rattan, honey and resin gathering
requires no financial capital.
Report
status
---------
To be
completed
Livelihood is also affected greatly by
weather and season.
People also rely on information from
fellow community members on
which livelihood is profitable or will
provide earning.
A very detailed Gantt Chart of
activities was finalized based on the
original implementation schedule for
Palawan.
Sharing of experiences and lessons
learned of eight (8) participants on
Baragatan activities last May 23June 23, 2005.
Proceeding
s finalized
Report
being
written
Updates of Technical Working
Groups’ activities based on Priority
Problems using PAR loop and
identified for the next plan and
action.
Livelihood and marketing group
presented their output with request
to continue the nito handicraft
training. Issues needing attention in
training are the organizational
structure, centralization of market,
and price control. It is difficult for
TWG member to influence the
market since the handicraft makers
presently in Barangay San Rafael
had already contracted their finished
products with the buyers at specific
prices. TWG decided not to pursue
the nito handicraft training. There
are already community people
engaged in nito weaving and with
the request of the TWG they offered
21
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Report
status
that all interested individual who
want to learn the nito handicraft
making can go to their houses and
members of their families are willing
to help.
Community TWGs are able to raise
funds already for small project
activities they wish to undertake.
Assessment of existing livelihood in
the three Barangays was conducted
to have a basis of where the Php
6,000.00 they have raised will be
used.
The existing livelihood identified
are: Buy and sell of cashew nuts,
almaciga gathering, planting in the
upland, honey gathering, buy and
sell of honey, copra production,
weaving of nipa and coconut leaves,
livestock production, livestock
fattening, vegetable gardening,
flower gardening, seaweeds
farming, buy and sell of pawid and
nipa.
Feb. 22,
2006
Feb. 25
22
MAS
Modelling:
model
building
RPG
testing,
group
discussions
Site Level
Facilitation
Meeting,
small group
Paolo
Campo,
Teodoro
Villanueva,
students of
Teodoro
Villanueva in
his class in
Forest
Biometry in
UP Los
Banos
Azucena
Gamutia,
Lowland TWG selected the flower
gardening, buy and sell of cashew
nuts on upland and livelihood and
marketing.
Upland TWG is very interested on
charcoal briquitting while waiting for
the inquiries from DTI upland group
will focus first on the livelihood that
they were selected.
Action planning – each group of
TWG discussed and created action
plan for each group. Their action
plan includes; specific activities,
time frame and person involved.
Discussions about the RPG resulted
in the refinement of the RPG prior to
the planned fieldwork in March. It
was useful to have the RPG played
jin a practice session with students
who gave useful suggestions to
improve the RPG.
The one thousand five hundred
capital by group from TWG savings
To be
completed
To be
prepared:
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
workshop,
discussion
Team
members
involved
Doodee
Devanadera
March 2-9,
2006
MAS
Modelling:
model
building
RPG,
workshop,
individual
interviews,
group
discussions,
activity
evaluation
using list of
questions
Paolo
Campo,
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Azucena
Gamutia,
Zaldy
Cayatoc ,
Dan Tejada
March 3,
2006
Provincial
Steering
Committee
Meeting
Meeting,
group
discussion
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Azucena
Gamutia,
Doodee
Devanadera,
Paolo
Campo
was released for lowland, upland,
livelihood and marketing since they
had already decided for the selected
micro-projects. But for the coastal
group, they selected the Bangus fry
however other members were
absent and just giving them the
time to finalize their selected microprojects their capital will be released
on next meeting (March 11)
RPG was found to be very useful in
making the model and it will be used
to validate the data gathered during
the FGDs with the stakeholders,
specifically on how they make their
decisions when
performing/changing livelihood
activities. The MAS modelling
activity, i.e. RPG, will be evaluated
using pre-deteremined questions.
Discussion on the relevance of the
evaluation activity will also be done.
Minutes of organizational meeting
reviewed; roles and responsibilities
of PrSC reviewed and firmed up;
Issues and concerns were brought
up in the meeting and the
committee served as good venue to
find solutions and answers to the
issues and concerns brought up.
Report
status
minutes of
meeting
Report
prepared
Minutes of
meeting
prepared
Steering committee is indeed very
useful in ensuring that project
targets are achieved and activities
will be sustainable.
April 1,
2006
Site level
facilitation
TWG
monthly
meeting
Doodee
Devanadera
Suzy
Gamutia
The committee has also become a
venue to clarify issues and identify
responsibilities. It can also be a
venue for negotiation among the
stakeholders.
Some decisions were firmed up by
the TWGs. Training on seaweed
production will push through
depending upon the availability of
resources. The group decided not to
join Baragatan 2006, a festival of
the Province showcasing different
products of different municipalities
of the province.
Minutes
completed
Two (2) trainings for the community
to be identified, training on
business planning will be conducted
23
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Report
status
on April 8 for TWG. PhP1,500.00
for the coastal group has been
released.
TWG to ground work the
endorsement of Brgy. Council from
the three barangay for the signing of
resolution of LPF legitimization.
The relocation survey issue raised
during PrSC meeting has been
identified as the concerns of purok
little Zamboanga at barangay
Concepcion. It is agreed that TWG
members residing in the said place
can resolve the issue, coordinate
request on relocation survey at City
government.
April 4-5,
2006
Site level
Facilitation
Bayanihan
of display
center at
Brgy.
Concepcion
Azucena
Gamutia
April 8,
2006
Site Level
Facilitation
Meeting,
workshop,
small group
discussion
Doodee
Devanadera
Azucena
Gamutia
April 1718, 2006
24
Coordination
and
monitoring
Meeting
Ted
Villanueva,
Philippe
Guizol and
Paolo
Campo
Lowland group and other TWG
members did “bayanihan” (a local
practice of group help) for the
construction of Display Center,
presently it is filled by different
flowers
During the planning, Framework for
Livelihood Project/Enterprise
Development and Business
Planning was discussed
Participants by group made their
business plans: Upland and
Livelihood and Marketing groups did
plan for “buy and sell of cashew
nuts”, lowland group did plan for
flower gardening while coastal
group did plan for “Balatan” or sea
urchin culture.
The project should facilitate
Barangay people to elaborate a
management plan for the 3
baranguay and/or for each
barangay to produce a baranguay
development plan, which could be
an integrated barangay
development plan. LPF will use
MAS model to facilitate the
formulation of this plan.
To upscale and replicate the LPF
experience in Palawan. We should
draw lessons from experience and
upgrade our method, produce
guidelines, prepare new project
proposals, consult DENR and local
partners at Provincial level.
Completed
Minutes
prepared
Date
April 1921, 2006
April 29,
2006
Activity type
Site Level
Facilitation
Site Level
Facilitation
Methods
used
Phillippe’s
Site visit
TWG
monthly
meeting
Team
members
involved
Ted
Villanueva
Phillippe
Guizol,
Doodee
Devanadera,
Azucena
Gamutia
TWG
members
A “fancy” publication about LPF
Palawan site with results and
pictures will be useful for IEC. An
equivalent version in local dialect
will also be helpful in the site.
Discussed the priority problem
which is water in the three
barangays, technical person needed
to assess the project cost.
Meeting with local MAS Modelling
team (Felizardo Cayatoc, Wilson
Pambid) to discuss resource
management planning.
TWG used their savings in different
livelihood options that presently
exists in the three barangays such
as: buy and sell of cashew nuts,
raising native chicken, fishing, buy
and sell of charcoal/pawid, buy and
sell of fish/banana
Report
status
Minutes
completed
Draft
minutes
completed
Lowland group agreed that the
money received out of the sold
flowers will be used to buy different
flowers for the display center for
sale.
TWG Members are requesting for
additional capital for their business
to earn more profit.
May 17,
2006
Site Level
Facilitation
TWG
monthly
meeting
TWG
members
Members of the TWG showed their
interests to register as an
association to have legal identity.
TWG decided to conduct a raffle
draw to raise funds for their
livelihood.
Draft
minutes
completed
Lowland group submitted a letter to
the city veterinary office for cow
dispersal for the TWG members in
the barangays.
May 1520, 2006
May 22,
2006
LPF Regional
Coordination
and Team
meeting
Project
Steering
Committee
Lecture,
workshop
and site
visits
Presentatio
ns, meeting,
discussion
All invited
LPF staff
from 3
different
project sites;
Malaysia,
Indonesia,
Philippines
TR
Villanueva
Sharing of experiences, learning’s,
methods/ tools better the 3 LPF
sites
------
Learning of new things in the
implementation of the LPF projects
and site visits
Not all sites are progressing well in
implementation of planned activities.
25
Date
June 1015, 2006
Activity type
meeting
MAS
modelling
Methods
used
Presentatio
n,
workshops,
RPG
Team
members
involved
Paolo
Campo
Teodoro
Villanueva,
Azucena
Gamutia,
Doodee
Devanadera,
June 15,
2006
Coordination
and Team
meeting
Informal
discussion
Teodoro
Villanueva
Doodee
Devanadera
Azucena
Gamutia
June 1923, 2006
IASCP
Conference
Paolo
Campo, Ted
Villanueva
July 21,
2006
CBFM
Provincial
TWG
Conference
paper
presentatio
n
Meeting
Doodee
Devanadera
Azucena
Gamutia
RPG and the MAS model LPF to be
used as tool to assess options in
livelihood related to natural
resources. The different
participants such as; NGO’s, GO,
PrSC, community and batak
expressed interest to participate in
discussing options to properly
manage resources for livelihood.
It was agreed that the LPF staff will
draft the statement of endorsement
to adopt the MAS model and RPG
as a tool of the different
stakeholders. The draft statement to
be passed to the agencies for
comments and suggestions.
Concerns that urgently need to be
addressed by LPF team:
1) Forum of Provincial Steering
Committee
2) Resolution from 3 barangays
endorse to institutionalize PrSC
3)Identification of trainings
CBFM Technical Working Group
members discussed problems,
issues and concerns of PO’s in
CBFM implementation:
1) Slow processing of papers; 2)
Confusing requirements & process
flow of application for CBFMA; 3)
Payment of 5000 to NCIP; 4)NTFP
Utilization; 5) Policies on ECAN
validation; 6) Harmonization of
PCSDS/DENR policies;
7)GPS/GIS Training; 8) Monitoring
of furniture shops; 9) Actual Onground monitoring; 10) Delayed
Issuance of ID for DENRO’s; 11)
Weak Partnership of
DENR/LGU/PCSDS; 12)Monitoring;
13) Overlapping tenurial
instruments;
14) Conflict between SMSLMPC
and the SVI; 15)Coordination,
Ms. Doodee Devanadera discussed
LPF Project introducing a new tool
for natural resources management,
26
Report
status
-------
Draft
minutes
completed
Draft
minutes
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Report
status
the MAS Model and Role Playing
Game (RPG), pilot sites are San
Rafael, Tanabag, Concepcion,
PPCity.
In addition, she mentioned that it is
good if the member of CBFM TWG
would be train and the tool can be
tested in different CBFM sites.
July 25-27,
2006
Supporting
Community
Initiatives
Meeting,
handson/actual
training
Azucena
Gamutia
The Training Course on Seaweeds
Faming Using Multiple Vertical
Lines in barangay San Rafael was
held successfully in partnership with
DA-BFAR-Regional Fisheries
Center.
Reports
completed
Participants who attended were
given materials and 150 kgs of
seedlings to start by the DA-BFARRFTC.
LPF Project shouldered the food
and accommodations of the trainer
Participants from barangay San
Rafael, Tanabag and Concepcion
were invited; however, all
participants came from San Rafael.
July 28,
206
Aug. 2006
Aug. 18,
2006
Supporting
Community
Initiatives
Provincial
Steering
Committee
Site Level
Facilitation
Training
Lobbying
and ground
working
Formal
discussion
Azucena
Gamutia
Azucena
Gamutia
Azucena
Gamutia
Only Eleven (11) participants
attended due to several factors:
some were busy planting their rice
fields, others were involved in
different types of activities and
several were discouraged on their
past experience in seaweeds
farming.
Farmers Training on Off-Season
Vegetables Production was held
successfully in partnership with CityAgriculture’s Office.
Almost 40 participants attended,
four (4) came from Brgy. San
Rafael, 2 from Barangay Tanabag
and the rest came from Brgy.
Concepcion
The resolution to endorse the PrSC
was approved in barangay San
Rafael and Concepcion.
Suzy Gamutia and Ms. Beatriz
Dacles TWG member asked the
members of the Council if they want
to have an Information Education
Reports
completed
Resolutions
27
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Report
status
Communication campaign together
with the private beach owners in
Brgy. Concepcion to learn
the rights of the beach owners,
brgy. Councils and the community
members in the foreshore areas.
They explained that this proposed
IEC came-out during PrSC meeting
last March 2006, since some
fishermen’s from Brgy. Concepcion
mentioned that in the future they
might have a problem for the public
area to dock their boat.
One of the PrSC members saw a
breakwater constructed
in Sitio
Tarabanan in one a private beach
owned by a foreigner, which is
prohibited in the law of fisheries.
The Brgy. Councils replied that the
establishment of breakwater was
already discussed in the council
meeting. For the public area to dock
their boat, according to kagawad
Ana Rodriguez there are no
complainants from their Barangay
but if time come, they assumed that
their council has a better capacity to
solve the said problem.
They added that there is no need to
conduct IEC in brgy. Concepcion.
Aug. 24
Support to
Community
Initiative
Coordinatio
n and actual
Planting
Azucena
Gamutia
The
City
Agriculture’s
office
delivered 1000 planting materials for
the riverbank rehabilitation in Brgy.
Tanabag, Barangay.
Kgd. Gaudencio Osano scheduled
the planting activity on August 27
with the community members from
Brgy. Tanabag and TWG members
from the three Barangays.
Riverbank
rehabilitation
was
successfully done on August 27
through the participation of the
community members from Brgy.
Tanabag and TWG members. It
was headed by all Barangay
councils from Barangay Tanabag. A
total of thirty two members of the
community participated.
They
28
1000
seedlings of
virtiver
grass were
planted
Survival of
seedlings
assessed
by TWG
members to
be 80%
Date
Activity type
Methods
used
Team
members
involved
Report
status
planted 1000 seedlings of virtiber
grass along riverbank.
29
Appendix 2
Asia
Composition of the Team in Year 3
30
Composition of the team for Year 2.
Name
1. Teodoro R. Villanueva
2. Azucena E. Gamutia
3. Ma. Eduarda E.
Devanadera
4. Paolo A. Campo
5. Daniel Tejada
6. Felizardo Cayatoc
7. Wilson Pambid
8. Erlinda Medina
Role in LPF
National
Coordinator
Field Assistant
Facilitator
Computer Scientist
(Modelling)
Site Level Facilitator
(Modelling)
(Modelling)
(Modelling)
Secretarial Support
Position and Office
Professor, College of Forestry and
Natural Resources, University of the
Philippines Los Banos (UPLB)
Full time Field Asst., LPF Project ,
Palawan
Director, Budyong Resources
Development Foundation Inc.
Freelance Consultant
City Planning Office, Puerto Princesa
City
DENR, Provincial Office
Palawan Council for Sustainable
Development Staff
Administrative Assistant IRNR, CFNR,
UPLB
31
Appendix 3
Asia
Evaluation Materials Used to Develop C & I
for the MAS Modeling Process
32
Workshop evaluation questions
(translated from Filipino)
Questions about the workshop:
(RPG)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What parts of the game are relevant to the way you conduct your livelihood activities?
What parts of the game are not relevant to the way you conduct your livelihood activities?
Which parts of the game that should be removed?
What can be added to the game?
What do you consider when deciding to change your livelihood activity for another?
There are livelihood activities in the game that you are never going to choose. Why?
Are the rules of the game clear?
Were the game materials effective?
(Lessons from workshop)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Did you learn anything from this exercise?
Are the lessons you learned applicable in your everyday life?
Are the lessons you learned applicable in your community?
If the lessons you have learned are not applicable to you or your community, to whom
would it be more applicable?
(Organization of workshop)
1.
2.
Are the time, place, day, invitations and transportation acceptable?
Are the ideas presented in the workshop effectively expressed?
(Objectives of the workshop)
1.
Were we able to fulfill our objectives of the workshop? If yes, how? If not, why?
Questions about the workshop evaluation questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What aspects of the workshop should we evaluate? In other words, how can we say that
the workshop was successful?
Were the evaluation questions appropriate to properly evaluate the workshop?
What questions should we be asking to properly evaluate activities such as this workshop?
Which is better, evaluate the activity as a group or evaluate the activity individually by
means of an interview?
Is this process of evaluating the activity important?
What are the possible obstacles we might be facing when evaluating the activity and how
do we avoid them?
33
Workshop on MAS for Water Resource Management Planning and
Negotiation Evaluation Sheet
(Translated from Filipino)
WORKSHOP EVALUATION
Name
(optional):_______________________________________________________
Organization/Barangay:____________________________________________
Objectives
1) The objectives of the workshop were fulfilled:
a. I was able to have an experience in a collective planning and
negotiation for water resource management.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
b. I learned many lessons about the process of MAS modelling.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
c. We were able to make a plan for water resource management.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
d. We were able to form agreements from the discussions to implement
the plans.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Process
2) I learned from this process.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
What I learned were:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3) This is an effective method of planning.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
4) This kind of process is helpful in planning for resources.
Strongly Agree
Agree
34
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
5) I can recommend this method of planning to others.
a. Within my community
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
b. Colleagues
Strongly Agree
Agree
6) The people invited for this workshop were appropriate.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
The participants who are not appropriate for this workshop are:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
7) The computer model helped in the discussion in this workshop.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
It helped (or did not help) because:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
8) This kind of process could be made better by:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Feelings
9) I didn’t feel intimidated or afraid when I found out that I will participate in a
planning process involving different stakeholders.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
10) I was confident discussing and planning together with the different
stakeholders.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
35
11) I feel more confident to discuss and plan with different stakeholders now that
I have had experience in this kind of process.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
12) I am willing to attend future planning sessions.
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Workshop logistics
13) The workshop was organized well in terms of:
a. Food
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
b. Accommodations
Strongly Agree
Agree
c. Transportation
Strongly Agree
Agree
d. Materials used in the workshop (e.g.: paper, pen, etc)
Strongly Agree
Agree
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
Just Right
Disagree
Strongly Disagree
No comment
e. Schedule
Strongly Agree
Agree
f. Duration of the workshop
Strongly Agree
Agree
Additional comments about the workshop:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Additional questions:
Is MAS modeling still needed? If it is still needed, what kind of model should be made?
36
Not applicable
Appendix 4
Asia
Minutes of Meetings of
Community Working Groups
37
Minutes of Consultation Meeting
with Community Members of San Rafael, Tanabag,
Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
October 05, 2005
The meeting started at 9:30 in the morning by a prayer led by Mrs. Lelia Balud of Barangay
Concepcion. It was followed by a welcome remarks by Councilor Corazon Dalabajan. After the
welcome remarks Suzy explained the purpose of the meeting, which are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
To determine importance of seweeds technology training on the seaweeds farmers,
To know the factors affecting the seaweeds production in the three Barangays and the
possible solutions,
To gather the concerns of seaweeds farmers in the three Barangays that can be
incorporated in seaweeds training,
To identify the counterpart of the community on the training.
Workshop Proper:
The participants were divided in to four groups since they cannot be grouped per Barangay
since most of the participants were from Barangay San Rafael.
Group 1
1. Zenaida Bantog
2. Wilma Yara
3. Cris Cuarez
4. Zernan Teodoro
5. Melinda Cervancia
6. Onofre Luneta
Group 2
1. Anita S. Delos Angeles
2. Analyn D. Sumagang
3. Binelda Dela Cruz
4. nenita E. Lavapie
5. Merenciana Dela Cruz
6. Adelina C. Paclibar
Group 3
1. Esmeralda Sumagang
2. Gina Villon
3. Lovelyn Aragon
4. Clementina H. Teves
Group 4
1. Jesus L. Maquillao
2. Erlynda S. Teodoro
3. Evelyn C. Peralta
4. Nelia D. Macula
5. Corazon Dalabajan
6. Crisologo P. Elesterio
38
Workshop Presentation:
Group 1
Name of
Participant
Size of Area (or
number of lines)
Volume of
Production (Per
Year)
Fresh
(Kg)
1. Zenaida Bantog
2. Wilma Yara
3. Cris Cuarez
4. Zernan Teodoro
5. Melinda
Cervancia
30 lines (25
meter’s per line)
Dry
(Kg)
25
Capital
Invested
730.00
--------1st harvest
30 lines (50
meters per line)
------300
------127
Aug. to
Oct.
------750.00
2nd harvest
60 lines (50
meters per line)
1500
57
Sept.,
Oct. &
Nov.
1500.00
60
1200.00
10 lines (50
meters per line)
Oct. to
Dec.
6. Onofre Luneta
4 lines (50
meters per line)
120
50.00
Market Condition
(Where, how much
per harvest)
Ocean Aquamarine,
31.00/kg. x 25 kg. =
775.00
------Ocean aquamarine
127 x 37.00 /kg =
4,699.00
3,000.00
P15,000.00; 10.00/kg
–Ocean Acquamarine
Duchess and Bert
Abrea
P2166 P 38.00/kg
Ocean Aquamarine
and Ms. Bantog
Lolita Tolentino;
10.00/kg
Oct. to
Dec.
Group 2
Name of
Participant
1. Anita S. Delos
Angeles
Size of Area (or
number of
lines)
20 lines (50
meter length)
every 3 months
harvest
Volume of
Production (Per
Year)
Fresh
1000 kg.
Dry
60 kls.
Capital
Invested
P1, 500.00
Market Condition
(where, how much
per harvest)
10,000.00 every 3
months
Ocean aquamarine
Group 3
Name of
Participant
Size of Area Or
(number of
lines)
Volume of
Production
( per year)
Capital
Invested
Market Condition
(where, how much
per harvest)
1. Benjamin
Sumagang
2. Gina Villon
3. Lovelyn Aragon
4. Clemintina Teves
39
What are the problems encountered during seaweeds planting can be addressed during
the upcoming training? What cannot be solved by the training, and how to address
them?
Problems
1. Problems on ice-ice disease
2. Stealing of seaweeds in the area
3. Different method or technology of
planting seaweeds
4. Funds or capital for planting seaweeds
5. A quality and variety seedlings that are
also resistant to pest and diseases
6. Selection of a good site for seaweeds
plantation (site selection)
Can be solved
Cannot be solved
X
X
X
(x) maybe?
X
X
The participants identified the 6 problems that they encountered during planting and raising of
seaweeds. From six (6) problems that the participants identified they expect that 4 of the
problems could be solved during training or maybe 5 problems, if problems on capital or funds
for planting can be included.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Ice-ice disease – this is the main problems usually encountered by farmers in their
plantation, some of the farmers stopped planting seaweeds because their plantation was
damaged by the said disease.
Stealing of seaweeds in the area- The second most serious problem of seaweeds farmers
in the area. Sometimes the thief harvest the plantation faster than the owner.
Different method or technology of planting seaweeds – In three Barangays the seaweeds
farmers only used the floating monocline methods, since they heard that there are several
methods in planting of seaweeds, they wished that it could be discuss during training. And
also the proper management of the plantation from planting until harvesting.
Funds or capital for planting seaweeds – Seaweeds farmers are hoping for capital in
planting seaweeds.
A quality and variety seedlings that are resistant to pest and diseases – Farmers wish to
find seedlings which are of good variety and quality compare to the seedlings that they are
presently planting and if possible those that are resistant to ice-ice disease.
Selection of a good site for seaweeds plantation (site selection) – To know or how to select
what is the best site for seaweeds plantation.
The participants agreed to provide counterpart for boat for visiting the actual plantation of
seaweeds and the two days venue at Barangay hall of San Rafael.
NAME
BARANGAY
1. Lubilina T. Aragon
2. Evelyn T. Peralta
3. Zernan C. Teodoro
4. Erlynda s. Teodoro
5. Esmeralda C. Sumagang
6. Nelia D. Macula
7. Ofelia Merced
8. Corazon M. Dalabajan
9. Analyn D. Sumagang
10. Anita S. Delos Angeles
11. Gina D. Villon
San Rafael, Puerto Princesa City
40
12. Clementina H. Teves
13. Jose Dela Torre
14. Eusebio M. Lumbre
15. Nenita Lavapie
16. Benelda Dela Cruz
17. Merenciana Dela Cruz
18. Cresenciano T. Cuarez
19. Onofre V. Luneta
20. Zenaida M. Bantog
21. Wilma D. Yara
22. Merlinda Cervancia
23. Lelia D. Balud
24. Lourdes G. Feria
25. Crisologo Elesterio
26. Corazon Dalabajan
27. Jesus Maquillao
28. Doodee Devanadera
29. Suzy E. Gamutia
Tanabag, Puerto Princesa City
Puerto Princesa City
41
Minutes of Informal Discussion
with Technical Working Group (TWG)
Brgy. Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
December 17, 2005
Time: 09:45 AM-12:30 PM
Attendance:
Name
1. Nelia D. Macula
2. Juana B. Tabang
3. Noralyn Luna
4. Lelia Balud
5. Erlynda S. Teodoro
6. Luningning P. DelaCerna
7. Beatriz P. Dacles
8. Cynthia M. Cervantes
9. Zernan . Teodoro
10. Cris T. Cuariz
Group based on identified priority problems
Coastal
Upland
Lowland
Lowland
Coastal
Lowland
Livelihood and Marketing
Coastal
Coastal
Highlights of Discussions:
•
Activities to be done
Activities
Responsible Group
1. Inventory of existing livelihood
Livelihood and marketing
2. Training on nito handicrafts
3. Training on bamboo, rattan crafts and buri
mats
4. Inventory of NTFP gatherer’s
Upland
5.Training on livestock technician
Lowland
6. Squid trap
Coastal
The discussion ended at 12:30 in the afternoon
42
Minutes of the TWG Meeting
Barangay hall, San Rafael, Puerto Princesa City
February 11, 2006
Time Duration: 10:00 am to 5:00 pm
Prayer
The meeting was started by a prayer by Zernan Teodoro
Objectives of the meeting
The meeting was called to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
come-up with the lists of experiences and lessons learned of TWG in Baragatan activities
updates on group activities on their priority problems (using the learning cycles that they
developed earlier) and come-up with a plan for the next action
identify the micro-projects where Six Thousand Pesos (P6,000.00) will be spent
assign a new facilitator and assistant facilitator for each group of TWG members
clarify other issues and concerns raised by the Technical Working Group
Ms. Doodee Devanadera added that the objectives of the meeting will be focused
on the clarification of the direction of the project, problems why the meeting has been postponed,
problems why the meeting had not continue, what project could do to the TWG members and
what the TWG members could do to the project
Importance of the meeting
Since participants were in small number Suzy asked them one by one the importance of the
meeting, the following ideas came-out:
•
•
•
To know the update with regard of TWG activities
To revive the enthusiasm of the group because the field activities have suddenly stopped
due to the delayed of budget released and to know the direction of the TWG activities
Continuity of meeting of TWG
Suzy read the agenda of the meeting:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sharing of Baragatan Experiences
Updates group activities and accomplishment based on priority problems
Presentation of the assessment of some existing livelihood in the barangays as basis of
TWG selection where they will put Php 6,000.00 savings.
Action planning
Other matters
Sharing of Baragatan Experiences
Learnings from the seven participants of TWG members from participation during Baragatan
2005:
43
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Happy, because of the opportunity to meet with different persons
Felt sleepy during noon time
Difficult too sleep since no available bed simply in the pebbles
Mangoes were highest selling products, feedback from the provincial government that
before selling the fruits is need to be inspected and have a necessary approved
papers/certification from the city or provincial agriculture technician that it is passable to
market.
Many things had learned and have a chance to attend on different products development
seminar
It is good to sell the Bamboo lampshades since the materials are affordable and within the
locality
There are marketable items that have been missing
Helping each other
It is better that all products will be prepared and displayed during opening and last week of
the Baragatan because it is the most selling dates.
It was suggested that in the next Baragatan the TWG will select the permanent person to
be a booth watcher so that the records will not be confused.
Some booth watcher did not control the entrance of the different products from different
people.
The number of product entered must be equal on the number of the products that were sold.
Itemized the listings of the products, to have a presentable records
Networking
Capt. Rodriguez explained that the community needs now is the project that could
sustain their everyday needs, any trainings, education given to the community could be useless
if no livelihood could be address their basic needs. He mentioned that nito training is a good
source of income since he observed the family that made the nito handicrafts currently could
produced three hundred fifty (P350.00) a day it was a big help for their needs, and payments
for TSKI, Cooperative and Dungganon. He suggested that if the nito training will come it is
better to give opportunity to the interested individual.
Updates group activities and accomplishment based on priority problems
Mrs. Doodee Devanadera review the PAR loop, as an example she used the Baragatan
activities last year.
When everybody confirmed that they could apply the PAR loop in updating activities,
each member group together based on priority problems and updates their projects and
problems identified.
1.
Low Productivity in upland
a.
Legal transportation of almaciga, rattan and honey
Reflection
Plan
Action
Permanent buyer with permit
Coordinate to agencies who
knows
about
legal
transportation of Non Timber
Forest Products
Submit
request
to
Government Organizations
b.
44
Charcoal Briquette
Reflection
Plan
Action
Need alternative livelihood as
other source of income
Make proposal for funding
Submit proposal to concerned
agencies
2.
a.
Training on nito handicraft making
Reflection
Plan
Still studying the number of
beneficiaries for the training
Pursuing the training
Action
Request to LPF
Livelihood and marketing group presented their output it showed that the group
requested to continue the nito handicraft training. But Mrs. Doodee Devanadera explained that
the issues in pursuing the training is the organizational structure, centralization of market, and
price control. It is difficult for TWG member to mediate the market since the handicraft makers
presently in Barangay San Rafael had marketed the finished products to the buyers in different
prizes. TWG decided not to pursue the nito handicraft training. Mrs. Gina Villon offered that all
interested individual to learn the nito handicraft making can go to their house and members of
her family are willing to help.
3.
Low Productivity in Lowland
a.
Fund sourcing for livestock
Reflection
Search
agency
b.
funding
to
other
Plan
Action
- Try to find to other agency
- Make project proposal
- Coordinate Fundacion
Santiago (Mt. Cleopatra
Credit coop.)
Plan
Action
- Continue selling ornamental
plant
- selling ornamental plan
Flower gardening
Reflection
This output of the three groups will be reviewed during next meeting of TWG.
Presentation of the assessment of existing livelihood in the three
Barangays as basis of TWG selection of where will be the Php 6,000.00
savings will be spent
Suzy read the existing livelihood in upland and lowland portion she did not read the livelihood
on coastal aspect since mostly of the coastal group member were absent in the afternoon
session because of other concerns.
The presented existing livelihood are: Buy and sell of cashew nuts, almaciga gathering,
planting in the upland, honey gathering, buy and sell of honey, copra production, weaving of
45
nipa and coconut leaves, livestock production, livestock fattening, vegetable gardening, flower
gardening, seaweeds farming, Buy and sell of pawid and nipa.
Mrs. Doodee Devanadera suggested that while Suzy is reading the group can response
if they were interested to the said livelihood and she will read the details for example; capital,
expenses, seasons, profit.
Action planning
The members were grouped based on priority problems but due to limited time they didn’t have
a chance to identified the detailed activities, Suzy will follow-up during field visit and will be
presented for the next meeting.
Suzy explained to each group that they need to assign a new facilitators to each group
so that other members of the group can practice and enhance their skills on facilitation.
1.
Livelihood and Marketing Group
•
•
•
Livelihood and marketing group selected the micro-projects of Buy and sell of cashew nuts
Eusebio Lumbre has a new assigned facilitator and the rest are members.
The group decided to have a weekly updating of their activities at Mrs. Beatriz Dacles
house Brgy. Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
The group assigned tasks for each members:
•
Responsible
person
Months
Activity
F
Buy and sell
of cashew
nuts
M
A
M
J
J
A
Designation
S
Eusebio
Lumbre
Facilitator,
In-charge in
shell opening,
buying and
selling
Gina Villon
Auditor
Beatriz Dacles
Treasurer
Rebecca
Mauricio
Buying and
selling, shell
opener
Cynthia
Cervantes
Will be decided
2.
Upland Group
•
Based on the presentation of existing livelihood the upland group selected the buying and
selling of cashew nuts their activities will be started upon the release of their budget.
They agreed to have a weekly reporting, each members has a responsibilities.
Their specific activities and action plan will be review and presented next meeting.
•
•
46
Months
Activity
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
Buy and sell
of
cashew
nuts
Responsible
person
Designation
Arturo Santos
Facilitator
Ruth Bandiala
Secretary
Wilma Yara
Treasurer
Arturo Santos
Auditor
3.
Lowland group
•
The group will use the one thousand five hundred pesos (P1500.00) on the flower
gardening the action plan and the activities will be review and will be presented next
meeting on February 25, 2006.
They plan to participate on the coming Baragatan by displaying the different types of
flowers which is in demand to the market like; Bougainvilla, Euprobia, Kalachuchi, orchids
The lowland group also plan to raise indigenous seedlings such as Narra and Ipil.
•
•
Months
Activity
F
M
Flower
Gardening
A
M
J
J
A
S
Responsible
person
Noralyn Luna
Corazon
Dalabajan
Designation
Facilitator,
Tagapagbalita
Asst. Facilitator
Crisologo
Elesterio
Supervisor
Lelia Balud
Monitoring
Luningning Dela
Cerna
Monitoring
Other matters
1.
TWG Monthly meeting
•
•
•
•
•
Suzy discussed and explained that the TWG meeting has twice a month based on
Working budget
The TWG group agreed that the regular meeting will be on every 2nd and 4th
Saturday of the month and the next meeting will be February 25, 2006, in
Barangay hall of Tanabag,
2.
Inactive Members
•
TWG members suggested that the last reminders for inactive members of TWG will be on
next meeting, if they will not come they will remain as members of
47
•
•
TWG but will not be involved on the 1st project.
And the group agreed not to recruit new member of TWG even the inactive members will
remain inactive.
3.
Raffle Draw
•
Participants agreed that the plan for Raffle draw shall be postponed due to microprojects activities.
Annex 1. Attendance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
48
Beatriz P. Dacles
Lelia Balud
Arturo Santos
Juana Tabang
Wilma Yara
Zernan Teodoro
Erlynda Teodoro
Ruth Bandiala
Nelia macula
Noralyn Luna
Joseph Villon
Gina Villon
Jess Maquillao
Melquides Rodriguez
Eusebio Lumbre
Corazon Dalabajan
Crisologo Elesterio
Minutes of TWG (whole group) Monthly Meeting
Barangay Tanabag, Puerto Princesa City
February 25, 2006
Time Duration: 9:45am - 3:30pm
Attendance
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Venus R. Restar
Valentina S. Jalalon
Arturo Santos
Gina O Villon
Cynthia M. Cervantes
Juana B. Tabang
Wilma B. Yara
Gaudencio A. Osano Jr.
Crisologo P. Elesterio
Eusebio M. Lumbre
Joseph Villon
Cris T. Cuarez
Lelia Balud
Beatrez P. Dacles
Noralyn Luna
Nelia D. Macula
Doodee Devanadera
Azucena E. Gamutia
Review and presentation of specific activities of each group
While waiting for some members who were late, some groups reviewed their specific activities
during the last meeting.
Upland Group
Micro-projects: Buy and sell of cashew
nuts
Specific Activities
Time Frame
Person Involved
1. Buying of cashew nuts 25.00/kl./40
1 day Gaudencio Osano
Arturo Santos
Juana Tabang
Wilma Yara
Ruth Bandiala
2. Two days drying
2 days
3. shell opener 1 day
4. Selling 150.00/kl
1 day
5. expected profit 150.00/kl/34 days
P1,900.00
49
Coastal Group
Micro-projects: Bangus Fry
Gathering
Specific Activities
Time Frame
Person Involved
1.) Purchasing of materials to be
needed:
- Palanggana – 300.00
- Balde – 50.00
- Screen – 175.00
- Galadgad – 50.00
March to May ‘06
zernan, Punong Barangay Abrea, Cadeng,
2.) Start gathering of Bangus Fry
Coastal member (nelia, jojo, cris,
1st week of March
Micro-projects: Buy and sell of Cashew nuts
Specific Activities
Time Frame
Person Involved
Buy and sell of fish, banana, cashew and others
March to May Eusebio
Lumbre,
Gina Villon, Chin (2x) Cervantes, Rebecca Mauricio
Lowland
Beatrez
Dacles,
Micro-projects: Flower Gardening
Specific Activities
Time Frame
Person Involved
1. Nursery making
February 27-28, 2006 TWG and Interested person
2. Seed Germination
- Cutting Germination
- Marcoting
- Grafting
March 1-6, 2006
TWG and Interested Person
3. Pottening
April 15-22, 2006
4. Care and Management March to August
5. Selling Center
- Barangay
- Baragatan
Feb. to March 2006
May 23 to June 23?
Discussion after presentation:
•
•
•
•
•
•
50
For specific activities where there were comments and suggestions it was decided to
reconstruct the action plan and insert comments then submit to Suzy this March.
Three (3) groups has received one thousand five hundred pesos (P1, 500.00) as initial
capital for their selected micro-projects, except for the coastal group because some of their
members were absent and they need to study and finalize their micro-projects that had
selected.
The task of calling the meeting and preparation of agenda is gradually transferred to TWG
members.
For upland group, their capital is planned to be divide to each members of the group and
members will help each other to buy the cashew nuts and schedule a weekly meeting and
reporting for their group. While no cashew nuts to buy the capital will be use in other
business.
TWG has assigned each member per Barangay to remind their co-TWG members the
schedule of monthly meeting.
Some TWG learned that the plastic bags given by LPF project was not being used of some
community members. Noralyn Luna suggested to get the plastic bags and give to those
•
interested individuals, but Venus Restar opposed in the said suggestions because maybe
the community members will be offended.
All groups planned that after the season of cashew or their selected micro-projects they will
use their capital in other business to continue of earning profit.
Issues and Concerns of the Technical Working Group (TWG’s)
Upland
•
•
•
•
What are the processes in harvesting timber for housing construction
Request for additional awarding of stewardship contracts for the three barangays.
Batak NTFP’s products presently are bought in a lower price and their was an agreement
between the buyer and the Batak (Kalakwasan) that their products could not be sold with
other buyer.
The STCMPC has no capacity to help the Batak.
Lowland
•
•
•
Lack of water supply (Potable at Irrigation) in the three barangays
Follow-up with the City Veterinary Office the dispersal project on raising animals, such as:
cow, pig, chicken, goat, quail.
The community members has no capacity to pay for the relocation survey
Coastal
•
•
What precautionary measures should be done in the riverbanks that gradually widen
because of flood.
In the near future community members seen in the three the barangays the problem on
public dock for their fishing boat if the beaches were mostly owned by the private persons
•
Additional funds for livelihood of four (4) groups of TWG
The meeting ended at 3:30 in the afternoon
Prepared by:
Azucena E. Gamutia
Field Assistant, LPF Project
51
Minutes of the TWG Meeting
Barangay Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
April 01, 2006
Time Duration: 10:00am-2:30pm
Attendance
Zernan Teodoro
Erlynda Sumagang
Ralph Joseph Villon
Luningning Perlas Dela Cerna
Lelia D. Balud
Noralyn Luna
Beatrez Dacles
Nelia Macula
Cris T. Cuarez
Valentina Jalalon
Cynthia Cervantes
Doodee Devanadera
Suzy Gamutia
San Rafael, PPCity
San Rafael, PPCity
San Rafael, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
San Rafael, PPCity
Concepcion, PPCity
Highlights of the meeting:
1.
Presentation of issues and concerns, proposed solutions of PrSC meeting
Suzy presented the issues/concerns and the proposed solutions during Provincial Steering
Committee meeting of PrSC, and the proposed solutions. (Please see on the annex 1)
After the presentation TWG had a mini-workshop by group for short action plan on how to
address and facilitate the problems identified. (Annex 2)
2.
Training on seaweeds production
There is an available training for seaweeds production at DA-RFTC, Suzy will discuss first
to Ted Villanueva if he will agree TWG will make a letter of request to DA-RFTC
3.
Participation on Baragatan 2006
TWG decided not to join this coming Baragatan 2006
4.
Identification of training no. 1 and no. 2
At present the community and the project has not yet identified the trainings for the
community as part of support to community initiative development
5.
Business Planning
Suzy confirmed the training on Business planning scheduled on April 08, 2006 for all
technical Working Group members.
6.
52
Release of One Thousand Five Hundred for coastal group
Suzy released the TWG savings of P1500.00 pesos to the coastal group, Mrs. Nelia
Macula, facilitator of TWG received the said amount for the group.
7.
Resolution of (3) Barangays endorsing/supporting the creation of PrSC members
The TWG decided to ground work first before presenting the draft resolution for signing of
the Brgy Councils of the three Barangays.
8.
Others
1.
Relocation Survey
The problem on relocation survey raised during PrSC meeting is in Barangay Concepcion
little Zamboanga area. According to Lelia Balud their area has no proper survey before the
residents entered and established their houses. However, during the discussion it was
found out that little Zamboanga area belongs to a private person. The group recommended
to ask legal paper from the private person that he/she was legally awarded the area to the
people who presently live in the area before, making a letter of request to the city
government for relocation survey.
Meeting ended at 2:30 in the afternoon
Attachments
Annex 1. Issues and Concerned of TWG, Action and Recommendations of the PrSC on
LPF activities and Issues Raised
Cora Dalabajan presented the issues and concerns of the Technical Working Group (TWG’s).
And the bullets below are the recommended solutions from PrSC.
1.
Upland
o
What are the processes in harvesting timber for housing construction?
According to Punong Barangay Cadeng Rodriguez , problem on round timber for house
construction within their Barangay was settled on Barangay councils level unless they
used the hardwood species.
o
presently no additional STC was given but on the CBFM areas forests occupants are
allowed
o
Batak NTFP’s products presently bought in a lower price and their was an agreement
between the buyer and the Batak (Kalakwasan) that their products could not be sold
with other buyer.
o
The Batak (Kalakwasan) permit was utilized in buying other NTFPs products in other
barangays by their present buyer, they (Batak) are gradually paid the payments in
renewal
of their permit to their presently buyer who used to paid during renewal of their
permit.
o
The STCMPC has no capacity to help the Batak
53
Invite representative from Batak groups for next meeting of PrSC to raised issues,
problems and concerned of the said tribes.
Ted Villanueva suggested that TWG of upland group can help to solve this problem and the
LPF project will assists.
2.
Lowland
o
Lack of water supply (Potable and Irrigation) in the three barangays
Jovenee Sagun suggested to put into writing the problems in water addressed to Hon.
Mayor Hagedorn and attention Engr. Vicente Liserio, for survey
Also Lui Eleazar suggested that the TWG should try to request from the congessman of
2nd district of Palawan
2.2. Follow-up with the City Veterinary Office the dispersal project on raising animals,
such as: cow, pig, chicken, goat, quail.
For dispersal of cow, Jovenee Sagun suggested that the TWG make a request letter and
forward on the City veterinary.
For pig, chicken and pugo, no project at this moment, in goat City Agriculture was just
started.
2.3. The community members has no capacity to pay for the relocation survey
Request to City-Engineering and City-ENRO for the relocation survey
3. Coastal
3.1. What precautionary measures should done to the riverbank that gradually
widened because of flood.
Paciano Guianan suggested to plant vetiver trees beside the riverbank. Also he raised the
issue break water in Bragy. Concepcion specifically in beside Tarabanan beach resort.
Jovenee Sagun undertakes the responsibility to check the said beach.
Ted Villanueva suggested that the 3.1 problem can be facilitatde by the coastal group
3.2. In the near future community members seen in the three the barangays the
problem on public dock for their fishing boat if the beaches were mostly owned by the private
persons
Emy Cojamco said that the private owner of the beach has no right to control the fishing
boat owned by the community to dock., She discussed that the Barangay has the power to
control the terms and conditions of the foreshore lease holder. She added that the
Barangay council must secure a copy of every foreshore lease release together with the
terms and conditions for monitoring purposes.
It was agreed, that giving Information Education Communication (IEC) Campaign for the
foreshore lease holders within the project site and Barangay Councils of the three
Barangays will be scheduled separately from this month up to before the next PrSC meeting
will be coming. Both parties can discuss the terms and conditions in the foreshore lease
with the facilitation of City Planning and DENR with the active participation of Technical
Working Group in coastal.
4. Livelihood and Marketing
4.1. Additional funds for the livelihood of four (4) groups
54
According to Ted Villanueva maybe there is a funding from LPF Project allocated for
livelihood of the four groups of TWG but he need to check first the budget.
Lui Eleazar of DA-ROS explained that their office is giving technical assistance for sweet
corn and Cashew plantation, it’s a 100 days of training for interested persons, they can
request from their office.
Annex 2. Output of workshop per group
Lowland Group
Issue Activity Time Frame
Person Responsible
1. Lack of water supply in the three barangay
Consult first with barangay council
April 3-7, 2006 Lowland group
2. Reproduction of cow Request letter through city veterinary (address to City Mayor)
April 3-7, 2006 Noralyn Luna
3. Construction of center All TWG April 4, 2006 (7:00am) Lowland, coastal, livelihood, upland
Group
4. Soil is eroded beside the riverbank of Barangay Tanabag
Planting of vetiver grass
a. Survey of areas to be planted
b. How many seedlings to be planted
c. How many persons involved in planting
d. Schedule of planting
e. Areas to be planted 3rd week of April TWG lowland Group
Livelihood and Marketing Group
Issue Activity Time frame
Person Responsible
1. Additional capital for the livelihood of four (4) groups
Follow-up Dr. Ted Villanueva
April 18, 2006 Livelihood & Marketing group
2. Sweet corn and cashew plantation 100 days training for interested persons
- Survey interested community member of Barangay
- Follow-up Suzy number of participants April 3-7, 2006 Livelihood and marketing
Coastal Group
Issue Activity Time Frame
Person Responsible
1.Problem on where to dock the boat of the community fishermen
a. Ocular site
inspection
b. Coordinate with Barangay Council
c. Focus Group Discussion (FGD)
e. Request DENR a copy of terms and condition of FLA with the council
April to May 2006
Coastal Group
2. Seaweeds production training 1.) Look for interested persons to attend seminar or
training
2.) Make a letter request to RFTC, copy furnished ang Barangay Council, and LPF
3. Submit letter BFAR RFTC
April 3, to April 10
Act 1 & 2 will be done on May 1 to 31
- Coastal group and council member
- Coastal group
- Castal group
55
Minutes of Discussion with Phillippe’s Guizol
Skyilght Apartelle, Rizal Avenue, Puerto Princesa
City
April 19, 2006
Time Duration: 11:00-12:30, 03:00-6:00
Attendance:
Name Office
Ted Villanueva UPLB
Phillippe Guizol CIRAD
Doodee Devanadera
BRDFI
Wilson Pambid PCSD
Zaldy Cayatoc DENR-PENRO
Suzy Gamutia LPF
Highlights of Discussions:
Phillippe Guizol mentioned the two important things that will be accomplished in the community
for the remaining months of site activities 1.) Management plan 2.) Micro-Project for the three
Barangays.
The micro-project will be focused on the issue on lack of water supply
(potable and irrigation).
According to him Micro-project will be focused on the water supply (potable and irrigation),
Technical Working Group and the community need to make a technical proposal for water but
expertise of technical person to estimate the cost and to guide the three Barangays for making
different scenarios is needed. He related also water can improve the livelihood of people in the
three Barangays for creation of different livelihood if there is an enough supply of water like;
flower gardening, raising animals and others.
The Proposal will focus on how to manage the water, it is better to use a local expert from the
community to hire to assess the cost of the expansion of the water supply sine the three
Barangays has already have a source and already supplying but not enough because during
dry season the community members experience shortage of water.
In making the management plan it is important to include also the Batak.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
56
According to Doodee Devanadera World Bank had already done the Barangay
Environmental Sanitary Program (BESP) through Provincial Planning and Development
Office. It is a province wide project for the community.
Phillippe Guizol mentioned that the project is planning to upscale in another place either in
2-3 Barangays of Palawan.
Ted Villanueva emphasized that the project’s aim is to facilitate people solve their own
problems, and know how to link and negotiate to different agencies.
Zaldy Cayatoc asked if the project has conducted the assessment and evaluation of project
accomplishment. Ted replied that assessor will come from the outside of the project and the
implementation of the project is guided by its own log frame.
Phillipe Guizol clarified that the project will help only on the formulation of the management
plan; the community will implement its own management plan, the said plan should be
simple and doable for the community. And it must be done quickly since site activities will
be ended on August 2006.
6.
As well Phillippe Guizol mentioned that the plan of addressing the lack of water supply
would have an implication for the CBFM area, outside CBFM area and also for people in
the community if they have suggestions.
The meeting ended at 6:00pm
57
Minutes of Disscussion with PrSC members
Badjao Seafront, Puerto Princesa City
April 19, 2006
Time Duration: 7:00-9:00
•
Mr. Nelson Devanadera discussed about the benefits of plantation of Jetropha in CBFM
area and select institutional partners like city government, DENR, community and PCSD
•
The creation of project documentation for the community was also discussed, when the
project will be finished the LPF could construct a 25 pages documentation using simple
materials and placing more pictures of the activities.
•
Also Mr. Devanadera discussed about the clustering of Barangays for Tourism like sta.
Lourdes, Manalo, Maryugon, llike San Rafael, Tanabag and Concepcion with the same
landscape.
Minutes of Meeting with Technical Working Group
(TWG)
Duchess Beach Resort, San Rafael, Puerto
Princesa City
April 20, 2006
Time Duration: 2:00pm-4:00pm
Attendance:
Name Address
1. Gina Villon San Rafael, PPCity
2. Valentina Jalalon
San Rafael, PPCity
3. Lelia Balud Concepcion, PPCity
4. Wilma Yara Tanabag, PPCity
5. Juana Tabang
Tanabag, PPCity
6. Cresenciano Cuarez Concepcion, PPCity
7. Beatrez Dacles
Concepcion, PPCity
8. Luningning Dela Cerna Concepcion, PPCity
9. Ruth Bandiala
Concepcion, PPCity
10. Noralyn Luna
Concepcion, PPCity
11. Cynthia Cervantes Concepcion, PPCity
12. Nelia Macula
Concepcion, PPCity
13. Crisologo Elesterio San Rafael, PPCity
14. Erlynda Teodoro
San Rafael, PPCity
15. Zernan Teodoro
San Rafael, PPCity
16. Phillipe Guizol
Indonesia
17. Ted Villanueva
Los Banos, Laguna
18. Doodee Devanadera Puerto Princesa City
58
19. Azucena Gamutia
Ted explained the concern of the LPF project for the remaining months in site activities.
TWG and Brgy. officials will prepare proposals for micro-projects of water supply (potable and
irrigation) since it was identified as immediate need of the community of three Barangays.
Zernan Teodoro recommended to Ted Villanueva that it’s better to conduct an
assessment and evaluation of the project accomplishment in all levels any backlogs
determined could be included for the next activities for better impact and output of the project
itself.
Ted admitted that the project lacks the mechanisms in the evaluation and assessment
aspect of the project accomplishment.
Lelia Balud explained the accomplishments and present activities of the lowland group.
According to her the lowland group had just finished the construction of display center in Brgy.
Concepcion, and the policy of giving back the plastic bags was started to implement. For
example, if community members from the three Barangays get 50 pieces plastic bags from the
project they will pay back 5-7 pieces of flowers. TWG members that were given before the
plastic bags were exempted on the said policy.
Juana Tabang explained that the upland group was given One Thousand Five Hundred
Pesos (P1500.00) last February 25, 2006 as initial capital for small micro-project, their group
decided to engaged in the buy and sell of cashew nuts and members of the group agreed to
meet weekly for the updates.
Zernan Teodoro give the details that the request of coastal group before, training for
seaweeds production was already answered by the provincial agriculture as of now their group
is trying to address the foreshore lease agreement, according to him DENR is in favor on the
foreshore lease holder other than on the community.
Ted replied that the LPF project was planning to invite the DENR, DA-BFAR to explain
the terms and conditions of the foreshore lease holders. The dialogue is in the process of
planning.
On the part of livelihood and Marketing Ms. Beatrez Dacles described that the project
released 1500. Their members shared individually and everyone is trying to facilitate its own
share to gain profit. She also mentioned that presently there are many seeds of cashew but they
don’t have enough capital to buy all seeds that were brought to them by the sellers.
Ted Villanueva explained that the project also concerned on how to address the Batak
problem, Lel Balud suggested that the TWG can help the Batak on buying their products like
almaciga resin, honey, rattan.
He also added that after Antipolo that was known on marketing of cashew products in
Luzon areas Palawan is next very popular for cashew production, but enhancement of the
product, development and quality control is needed.
Suzy Gamutia raised the problem on the issue about legal identity of the TWG since
most of the funding agency is required a legal identity and track record of the group or
association before releasing funds.
The decision of the group and the project is not yet determine but if ever the TWG group
and the LPF project decided to have a legal identity the LPF project staff promised to help in the
registration in financial aspect and processing of the papers.
59
Ted Villanueva asked the TWG members which project they want to be priority funded.
TWG selected Balatan Production and Cashew processing. And he also added that if the TWG
wants to make a project proposal it is better to put in the specifications that there is a demand
on the production for funding agency.
Phillippe added that the project goal is to model the three (3) different Barangays and to
address the priority problem identified in the three barangays which is lack of water (potable
and irrigation in Brgy. San Rafael) and (potable in Brgys. Tanabag and Concepcion).
Ted explained the processes or step by step on how to address the water problem in
the community. First the LPF project will help to find a Technical person to assess the cost ,
help make different scenarios and the community will select one and make a project proposal
and the LPF project will help to send to different funding agencies.
Action needed to be taken:
1.
2.
3.
Request/hired technical person to assess the problems and cost for water potable and
irrigation
Make projects proposals for three Barangays regarding water problems the involve persons
must be TWG and Barangay Officials.
Finalize the output during Business planning and submit to Ted Villanueva
The meeting ended at 4:00pm.
60
MEETING WITH PHILIP GUIZOL AND TED
VILLANUEVA WITH PUNONG BARANGAYS OF San
Rafael Tanabag Concepcion
Duchess Pension, April 20, 2006
Attendance:
Punong Barangay Melquiades Rodriguez - Brgy San Rafael
Kagawad Osano - Brgy Tanabag
Kagawad Moises Apdon - Brgy Concepcion
1. Personal assessment of LPF project by the different officials in 3 sites and the
enthusiasm of their constituents towards the project (Ted).
(MelquiadesRodriguez) He can see positive output and the community can see the
benefits of the project in Brgy San Rafael.
(Kgd Osano) For people regularly attending the LPF project meeting, it's okay. They
expect the project can do something for the barangay and can help the people.
2. Philip asked about the status of availability of water and water system management:
Brgy San Rafael - Tap water is needed, drinking water is okay. Water for irrigation also
is needed not for big scale, just for garden (horticulture; banana citrus) and house use.or
consumers.
The distance from the source of water is approximately 200 rolls of pipe (P1000-4000
pesos ) for the drinking water.
Brgy Tanabag - It is available but whether it is safe is questionable. Water system has
a plan of work in the City Engineering Office approximately P1.5 Million pesos. There is an
organization maintaining the system ( ? Brgy Tanabag or Brgy Concepcion)
Brgy Concepcion - It has water source but could still be improved. There is a work plan
regarding water development.
3. Water can be considered for the microproject proposal as part of the phasing out plan
of LPF project. (Ted)
According to Philip, the expert will do the study and present different scenario come up
with the cost and maintenance and management scheme. Discussions between the expert and
the officials in three sites will be made, volume of water available, number of houses or
consumers and they will select which scenario to submit for the proposal.
Is water project a priority? Yes, with water improved livelihood and health follows.
(Melquiades Rodriguez) Water is needed in planting and harvest of crops to make it
sustainable. A project will show them, for them to follow and copy.
4. Barangay Development Plan
61
Melquiades Rodriguez (San Rafael) "Tomorrow I will meet with all purok presidents
and health workers and members of the Barangay Development Council"
During the time of former Mayor Oliveros there was the ADMU (Area Development
Management Unit) cluster of 6 barangays which had study tours outside the province, pig
dispersal from 4 pigs to 70 pigs. Mayor Hagedorn has a different livelihood approach, using
individual barangays.
Kgd Moises Apdon (Concepcion) When there are problems purok presidents are being
involved.
5. Seaweeds and aquaculture is the main resource in the three barangays? (Philip)
Concepcion its almaciga for the Upland, flowers for Lowland while in San Rafael its
agro forestry for Upland and Coastal for daily subsistence. In the CBFM area, twenty (20)
hectares is agroforestry.
(Melquiades Rodriguez) Cashew and Mangium do not grow well. Growth is stunted.
There should be planning - what trees to plant.
It`s same in Tanabag, Agroforestry in the Upland and coastal for daily consumption or
subsistence.
6. Issues that arised from the provincial steering committee meeting
6.1 "No breakwater policy" on foreshore lease in Brgy Concepcion (similar in the other
barangays San Rafael and Tanabag) ,
This issue was brought out by the TWG in the Provincial Steering Committee meeting.
As a result, a forum to inform and educate regarding foreshore lease terms and conditions with
the resort owners or foreshore lease grantees, LGU, DENR, fisheries bureau and the
community will be scheduled.
"A resolution should be passed by the Brgy Council to stop construction of breakwater
in areas awarded foreshore lease by the government - DENR.
6.2. Riverbank protection
The city government will provide Vertiver grass, but it will not hold the erosion, what if
we riprap the area?
7. Continuation of the project.
Whatever assistance that was given the community will not continue but the project has
capacitated the TWG involved, people now are aware the how difficult life is and yet nobody will
remain idle as a result of the LPF project. (Melquiades Rodriguez)
The project is about to end and we pass on to other agencies by making proposal for
next project. Lessons from the project can now be shared and the 3 barangays can be the
trainors in the learning center.
62
Minutes of the Meeting
Balinsasayaw Restaurant, RizalAvenue,
April 21, 2006
Time Duration: 6:00-8:00 pm
Attendance
Name Office
Ted Villanueva UPLB
Phillippe Guizol CIRAD
Doodee Devanadera
BRDFI
Rose Provincial Planning and Development Office
Suzy Gamutia LPF
Ted Villanueva raised the problem about the water source of the three Barangays and the LPF
project is planning to help for expansion to have an enough supply of water for the whole
community even during dry season.
Engr. Rose from Provincial Planning and Development Office is engaged on the construction of
water source, a province-wide project funded by World Bank. She recommended a
participatory approach in order that the Barangay would appreciate ownership. Also the
community could share counterpart like land, since, some of the project that they established
usually the main counterpart of the community is a piece of land where the main source was
constructed and established. She explained that presently, their beneficiaries in two (2)
Municipalities was established, level 3 source of water and their consumers paid thirty two
pesos (32.00) for 1st five (5) cubic meter, and it is gaining a profit.
At the moment, according to her the Municipality of Liminangcong and Quezon have a better
record of implementation, the management have employed eight (8) persons with a monthly
salary of P3,500.00/person .Some positions occupied are manager, collector and others. 80%
of the collections went on the Provincial Government for payment of loans and 20 % was left in
the association for maintenance.
Compared to the consumers that live on Puerto Princesa City proper they paid to water district
a two hundred pesos (200.00) minimum a month, 20.00 pesos per cubic meter.
Phillippe Guizol explained that the project will hire an expert to help to survey, see, assess, and
estimate the cost of the construction of main source of water supply in the three Barangays for
making of project proposal’s and will be submitted on the funding agencies.
The dinner meeting ended at 8:00pm
63
Minutes of the TWG Monthly Meeting
Barangay San Rafael, Puerto Princesa City
April 29, 2006
Time duration: 10:30am-3:30pm
Attendance
Name Barangay
1. Ruth Bandiala
Concepcion, PPCity
2. Beatrez P. Dacles Concepcion, PPCity
3. Erlynda S. Teodoro San Rafael, PPCity
4. Zernan C. Teodoro San Rafael, PPCity
5. Rebecca Z. Mauricio Concepcion, PPCity
6. Lelia Balud Concepcion, PPCity
7. Venus R. Restar
Tanabag, PPCity
8. Wilma B. yara
Tanabag, PPCity
9. Cris T. Cuarez
Concepcion, PPCity
10. Valentina Jalalon San Rafael, PPCity
11. Noralyn Luna
Concepcion, PPCity
12. Corazon M. Dalabajan San Rafael, PPCity
13. Joseph Villon
San Rafael, PPCity
The meeting was started by a prayer headed by Lelia Balud
1. Group report on P1500.00 development report
1.1. Lowland group agreed that the money received out of the sold flowers will buy
again
different flowers and will be displayed in the display center for sale
Lowland group reported that presently flowers sold
from the display center were 7 pots bougainvillea (P15.00/pot) and 1 pot forget me
not
(P25.00) a total of P130.00
1.2 For the coastal group, Cris Cuarez mentioned that his share from
1500.00 was used on raising native chicken, Zernan fishing
Erlynda was buy and sell of cashew nuts.
Upland group – Wilma Yara does not know her profit yet but she
continues to her share on the business, Ruth Bandiala added
her share on buy and sell of pawid/charcoal
and she has profit P25.00/week.
Livelihood and Marketing –
-Eusebio Lumbre is busy with buy and sell of fish/Banana
and he has an income of p140.00/week.
-Beatrez Dacles /3 cycles and has an income of 665.00 monthly .
-Gina Villon also used her shared on buy and sell of cashew
nuts (2 cycles) income of P300.00 monthly.
-Rebecca Muricio also buy and sell nuts and whole nuts of
cashew (2 cycles) income 450.00 every month.
-Cynthia Cervantes also engaged on buy and sell of cashew nuts.
TWG Members requesting for additional capital for their business to earn more profit.
2. Target activities of each group
64
2.1 Lowland activities
- - Lowland group explained that all beneficiaries of plastic bags will bring the share of
LPF project directly to the display center
- Follow-up the request for cow dispersal with city vet office
- Determine the area for planting of vetiver grass at Tanabag river
and identify interested persons to help in riverbank rehabilitation,
and send a request to LPF to shoulder the snacks and meals
- Brgy. Councilor Venus Restar plan to raise the problem on riverbank rehabilitation
during their council meeting to find additional interested persons to join the Bayanihan.
2.2 Coastal Group
- The coastal group reported the breakwater present at Bargy.
Concepcion more or less 30 meters pointing to the sea bed.
(according to Noralyn Luna the purpose is for fish feeding)
- They plan to follow-up in the foreshore lease list at DENRCENRO, they recommended that Zernan will follow-up the issues
in the City proper
- Zernan will get the proposal of Balatan Culture at the Haribon
office
3 Upland Group
- Continue on doing their business
4 Livelihood and Marketing
- Continue on doing the buy and sell of cashew until the seasons of cashew were lasts
During discussion Lelia Balud suggested to come-up first for the proposal of cashew
processing
Beatrez Dacles mentioned to coordinate the proposal to Ms. Doodee Devanadera since
they have a draft proposal for cashew
Zernan explained that he need to go to the alliance fisher folks office at Puerto
Princesa City to get the proposal of Balatan culture.
Registration of TWG member
-For livelihood and marketing group they would like to register the group as an
association
-For the side of Ms. Valentina Jalalon she would like to register as cooperative
-Since the attendance has a quorum they decided to make a decision for the legal
registration of the Technical Working Group
-Councilor Venus Restar and Valentina Jalalon give their opinion to the cooperative
that in their experienced there is a suspicion. And she added that if there is funding treasurer
of the group will handle. From the point of view of Mrs. Beatrez Dacles she would like that the
TWG will be registered as an association first then the members will devote their patience and
sipag , before pursuing to the cooperative if it will be sustain and extended.
-The group has agreed to register first in the Association.
-According to Zernan Teodoro, some document needed to accomplish are; Sec.
Registration, BIR TIN No., Xerox of Marriage certificate, Valid ID, Updated members list,
Organizational structure, updated officers list.
Others
- Twg members decided to have a raffle draw for additional capital for their livelihood.
For the prizes they will make solicitation letter, raffle draw will be on June 17, 2006 which is
the Brgy. Concepcion will celebrate foundation day. Their target number of booklets were 1500
planning to construct the TWG booth.
65
- Next meeting is schedule on May 13, 2006
The meeting ended at 3:30 pm.
Prepared by:
AZUCENA E. GAMUTIA (Field Assistant)
66
Minutes of the Technical Working Group meeting
Barangay Tanabag, Puerto Princesa City
May 17, 2006
Time Duration: 1:45pm-2:35pm
Attendance:
Corazon M. Dalabajan San Rafael, Puerto Princesa City
Valentina S. Jalalon
Ruth D. Bandiala
Lelia Balud
Luningning Perlas Dela Cerna Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
Cris T. Cuarez Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
Zernan C. Teodoro
Gina D. Villon San Rafael, Puerto Princesa City
Beth P. Dacles Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
Noralyn Luna Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
Agenda:
1. Raffle ticket, prizes solicitation, raffle draw
2. Follow-up result for cow dispersal and potable water supply to SB
3. Follow-up for FLA DENR Baragatan
1. Raffle ticket
Corazon Dalabajan suggested that TWG will need to make a letter of solicitation c/o to
her and the signatures are the facilitator of each group.
Lelia Balud suggested to canvass the cheaper printing for tickets to lessen the
expenses and labor.
The group agreed to raffle the ticket on the set date if no hassle occurred, and the
tickets are distributed to all the TWG members.
2.
Barangay
Follow-up result for cow dispersal and potable water supply to Sangguniang
Lelia Balud and Noralyn Luna of lowland group submitted the letter at city veterinary
office for cow dispersal, the in-charge is not around during submission of the letter the lowland
group will be back for follow-up.
Proposal for potable water
Brgy. Councilor Moises Apdon will make a proposal for potable water at Brgy.
Concepcion, TWG need to attend the council meeting to inform the activities of TWG.
3. Follow-up for Forshore Lease Agreement at DENR
Zernan Teodoro explained that he went to For. Emy Cojamco at PENRO-DENR office
and he asked guide for FLA list, guideline and maps. He consulted also with For. Veron Flores
and she recommended to Mr. Gonzalez, According to him the request could be granted but they
need a formal letter and address to CENRO Paglinawan but before submitting it must be raised
to the Barangay council during meeting to learn the status of applicants, DENR should have a
copy furnish for request in Barangay council.
67
Zernan Teodoro had already drafted the said letters and need to transfer in a clean
sheet of paper. Nelia Macula will sign a letter, copy furnish with Barangay council and submit to
CENRO Paglinawan.
Mr. Gonzalez said that they are willing to explain and attend for FLA agreement and
other concerns if they will invited at Barangay level. Balatan proposal is not yet get since the
author is not around during visit of Mr. Teodoro in Haribon Palawan office.
Beatrez Dacles mentioned that she’s waiting for the result of proposal of cashew
processing with Doodee Devanadera and it is necessary to address immediately since
additional fund is needed.
4. Others
1.Upland group
According to them they will continue in buying and selling of cashes nuts at the same
time will help in selling the TWG tickets.
2.Deadline of return of the 1500.00 of initial capital for each group
TWG members ask where to return the initial capital, they agreed that it will be discuss
by each group.
Meeting ended at 2:35pm
Prepared by:
AZUCENA E. GAMUTIA
Field Assistant
68
Appendix 5
Asia
Minutes of PrSC Meeting
69
Minutes of the 2nd Provincial Steering Committee
Meeting
Mahogany Drive, Café Arturo, San Jose
March 03, 2006
Time Duration: 09:10 A.M. – 1:20 P.M.
Attendance
Nelson P. Devanadera
Corazon Dalabajan
Ricardo Z. Austria
Halid K. Dawili
Paciano B. Guianan
Teodoro R. Villanueva
Doodee Devanadera
Luisito Eleazar
Eleonor Lotivo
Romeo Boobee P. Palao
Jovenee C. Sagun
Wilson Pambid
Melquiades D. Rodriguez
Beatriz P. Dacles
Emelina B. Cojamco
Paolo Campo
Azucena E. Gamutia
Executive Director, PCSDS
TWG representative, San Rafael
DILG, Province
DILG, City
OIC PFO BFAR, PPCity
National Coordinator, LPF
Consultant, LPF
DA-ROS
Acting Planning Officer/DA-PAES
Office of Provincial Agriculture (OPA)
OIC, City Planning Dev’t. Office
PCSDS
Punong Barangay, San Rafael
TWG representative, Concepcion
Chief , Forestry Mgt. Sector-PENRO
Computer Scientist, LPF Project
Field Assistant, LPF Project
Meeting Proper:
Call to Order
The meeting was started with a prayer at 9:10am. Suzy read the attendance of the participants,
3 members of the PrSC were absent.
Review Previous Minutes of the meeting
2.1.
Jovenee C. Sagun, vice-chairperson presided the meeting and started by
reviewing what has been discussed in the meeting held on March 03, 2006.
Corrections were made on some grammar errors and suggestions on writing the
minutes of meetings:
2.1.1.
To include line number, paging, nicknames with last names of the PrSC members,
change the titles of Brgy. Chairman to Punong Barangay and Brgy. Councillor to
Kagawad ng Barangay.
2.1.2.
To address the issue on the Bataks in Kalakuasan, a suggestion to invite NCIP as
member during the next PrSC meeting.
2.1.3.
After several discussions, Jovenee Sagun declared that membership of the City
Agriculture is not necessary in the PrSC membership as they are already represented
70
by the City Planning office. Issues raised on the agriculture aspect could be facilitated
by the Provincial Agriculture’s Office.
2.2.
LPF Project
2.2.1.
Ted Villanueva stated that the lessons gathered in the project will be presented in the
PrSC and the results of the project will be published. He also explained that the project
shows the importance of negotiation among stakeholders and presently the project is
in the process of developing a tool for negotiation.
2.2.2.
Ted Villanueva discussed with Punong Barangays that one of the objectives of the
project is for the Barangay officials and members of the communities to negotiate,
evaluate options and to know the results of the decision they made.
2.2.3.
Halid Dawili suggested that the TWG could tie-up on the Gabay ng Mamayan Action
Center (GMAC), a project of the city government assisting on coordination of the
different concerns of the Barangays.
2.2.4.
Ted Villanueva reminded that the project will reimburse the transportation of PrSC
members during meetings.
2.2.5.
Halid Dawili suggested to have the next meeting of PrSC on the 1st Fi\riday of June
2006.
2.2.6.
Ted Villanueva moved for the adoption of the previous minutes of meeting and was
seconded by the body.
2.3.
ECAN Zoning
2.3.1.
Jovenee Sagun explained that the status of the ECAN zoning in Puerto Princesa City,
is in the process of validation in the Barangay level. The concerned agency is waiting
for comments from the Councils if the zoning they have done is accurate.
Updates on LPF Project
3.1.
Ted Villanueva gave updates on the different activities of the LPF project with the
following arrangement of presentation: Context, Key issues, Purpose, Expected
Impacts, Project Results, Finished key Project activities, on going key project activities,
planned key project activities.
3.2.
On the part of MAS modeling, Paolo Campo explained several activities that were
presently conducted on the site.
3.3.
Jovenee Sagun explained to Halid Dawili that even if the project has ended the
membership of the steering committee will remain and the PrSC will continue the
activities of the LPF in the project site. They could replicate the project in other areas
of Palawan.
3.4.
Halid Dawili suggested to come-up with a Brgy. resolution to legalize the judicial
personality of the PrSC. Sonny Guianan seconded the motion of Halid Dawili.
3.5.
Jovenee Sagun requested a joint resolution from the three Barangays endorsing the
creation of Provincial Steering Committee to PCSD.
3.6.
Ted Villanueva suggested that the LPF project will assist in formulation of the joint
resolution for the three Barangays.
Review of the draft document on roles and responsibilities of PrSC
4.1.
The draft of the roles and responsibilities of the PrSC was reviewed during the
meeting.
71
4.2.
Jovenee Sagun clarified that it is possible for all the members of the PrSC to be
members of sub-committees. The members of the committees will be on call basis or it
depends upon the topic to be discussed per sub-committees.
4.3.
Ted Villanueva requested the group to focus first in the three project sites and
whatever the result, the PrSC will decide if they want to replicate in the different
barangays of the city/ province.
Issues and Concerns of the TWG and Actions/ Recommendations of the
PrSC on issues Raised
Councilor Cora Dalabajan presented the issues and concerns discussed by the LPF Technical
Working Group (TWG’s).
5. 1.
Upland
5.1.1.
What are the processes in harvesting timber for housing construction?
5.1.1.1. According to Punong Barangay Cadeng Rodriguez ,the problem on round timber for
house construction within their Barangay can be settled in the Barangay council level
unless they use the hardwood species.
5.1.2.
5.1.2.1. According to Emy Cojamco (DENR, presently no additional STC is being given, but
forests occupants are allowed in CBFM areas.
5.1.3.
Batak NTFP’s products presently are bought in a lower price and their was an
agreement between the buyer and the Batak (Kalakwasan) that their products could
not be sold with other buyer.
5.1.4.
The STCMPC has no capacity to help the Batak.
5.1.4.1. Invite representatives from the Batak group for the next meeting of PrSC regarding
raised issues, problems and concerns of the IPs.
5.1.4.2. Ted Villanueva suggested that TWG of upland group can help solve this problem and
the LPF project can assists.
5.1.5.
The Batak (Kalakwasan) permit was utilized in buying other NTFPs products in other
barangays by their present buyer, they (Batak) are gradually paid the payments in
renewal of their permit to their presently buyer who used to paid during renewal of
their permit.
5.2.
Lowland
5.2.1.
Lack of water supply (Potable at Irrigation) in the three barangays
5.2.1.1. Jovenee Sagun suggested to put into writing the problems in water & address to Hon.
Mayor Hagedorn and “attention” Engr. Vicente Liserio, for survey
5.2.1.2.
Lui Eleazar suggested that the TWG should try to request from the congessman of
2nd district of Palawan
5.2.2.
Follow-up with the City Veterinary Office the dispersal project on raising animals, such
as: cow, pig, chicken, goat, quail.
5.2.2.1. For dispersal of cow, Jovenee Sagun suggested that the TWG make a request letter
and forward to the City veterinary. (The City Agriculture has no project on pig, chicken,
pugo and goat).
5.2.3.
The community members has no capacity to pay for the relocation survey
5.2.3.1. Request City-Engineering and City-ENRO for the relocation survey
72
5.3.
Coastal
5.3.1.
What precautionary measures should do on the riverbank that gradually widened
because of flood.
5.3.1.1. Sonny Guianan suggested to plant vetiver trees beside the riverbank. He also raised
the issue of the break water in Bragy. Concepcion specifically beside Tarabanan
beach resort. Jovenee Sagun stated that she will have this checked..
5.3.1.2. Ted Villanueva suggested that the problem can be facilitated by the coastal group
5.3.2.
In the near future community members seen in the three the barangays the problem
on public dock for their fishing boat if the beaches were mostly owned by the private
persons
5.3.2.1. Emy Cojamco said that the private owner of the beach has no right to control the
fishing boat owned by the community to docked, she discussed that the Barangay has
the power to control the terms and conditions of the foreshore lease holder. She
added that the Barangay council must secure a copy of every foreshore lease release
together with the terms and conditions for monitoring purposes.
5.3.2.2. It was agreed, that thegroup will give an Information Education Communication
Campaign (IEC) for the foreshore lease holders within the project site and Barangay
Councils. This will be scheduled on the next PrSC meeting The PrSc and the
Barangay Council will discuss the terms and conditions of the foreshore lease to be
facilitated by the City Planning Office and DENR with the active participation of the
LPF Technical Working Group, coastal group.
5.4.
5.4.1.
Additional funds for the livelihood of four (4) groups
5.4.1.1. According to Ted Villanueva maybe there is a funding from LPF Project allocated for
livelihood for the four groups of TWG but he has need to check first the budget.
5.4.1.2. Lui Eleazar of DA-ROS explained that their office is giving technical assistance for
sweet corn and cashew plantation, it’s a 100 days training for interested persons, they
can request from their office.
Other Matters
6.1.
TWG will send their letter to the Provincial Agriculture’s Office requesting to
reserve the booth of ornamental and cut flower to join the Baragatan 2006.
The meeting ended at 1:20 in the afternoon.
Prepared by:
AZUCENA E. GAMUTIA
Field Assistant, LPFP
Development Coordinator
Attested by:
JOVENEE C. SAGUN
City
Planning
&
Vice-
Chairperson, PrSC
73
Annex. 1.
Draft Roles and Responsibilities of Provincial Steering
Committee Members
I. Background
For Southeast Asia, including the Philippines, new policies that will provide the rights to local
stakeholders to manage parts natural resources are emerging. As a result different stakeholders
have dissimilar kinds and levels of skills, knowledge, and authorities that make management of
natural resources complex. With this event, Levelling the Playing Field project was planned and
formed to answer this issue. This project, “Levelling the Playing Field” is an international
research
project managed by Centre De Cooperation Internationale on Researche
Agronomique Pour Le Development (CIRAD) and Center for International Forestry Research
(CIFOR) and implemented by of the University Philippines Los Banos, College, laguna in the
Three barangay’s of San Rafael, Tanabag, and Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City, Palawan,
which aims to improve natural resources management by
facilitating, coordination,
communication, negotiation, and collective action among relevant stakeholders at different
levels, from community to city or provincial level.
One of the effective tools to carry-out this strategies and or purpose is building strong linkages
among various agencies involved in the protection and preservation of our environment. The
creation of the Provincial Steering Committee (PrSC) will provide direction and guidance in
implementing Levelling the Playing Field projects. PrSC ensures the sustainability of LPF
activities in the three barangays after the commencement of the project.
The 1st meeting to organize the PrSC was conducted.
II. Objectives of the PrSC
7.
To enlist the support of the various agencies and organizations in Palawan that can
provide material and moral support,
8. To identify and link the LPF to other sources of vital resources in the local community
and beyond,
9. To facilitate, support and provide direction to the communities in solving problems
related to resource sustainability and to other areas in Palawan
10. To ensure sustainability of the LPF activities after project life.
11. To come-up policies
III. Composition of Provincial Steering Committee (PrSC) Members
Chair:
Vice-Chair:
Dir. Nelson P. Devanadera
PCSDS, Executive Director
Engr. Jovenee C. Sagun
City
Planning
Coordinator
Sub-Committees:
74
Upland
–
Mr. Juan C. Dela Cruz
PENRO Officer, DENR
12. Lowland
–
Mr. Nelson S. Salvador
Provincial Agriculture Officer
and
Development
13. Coastal
–
14. Livelihood and Marketing –
15. Local Governance
–
Mr. Paciano B. Gianan
Provincial Officer – DA-BFAR
Engr. Elmer T. Ferry
Agricultural Center Chief III, DA-PAES
Mr. Ricardo Z. Austria
Provincial DILG Officer
Members:
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
n.
Mr. Halid Dawili – DILG, City level
Dr. Teodoro Villanueva – LPF Representative
Ms. Doodee Devanadera – LPF Representative
Hon. Melquiades Rodriguez – Brgy. Captain of San Rafael
Hon. Epitacio Abrea – Brgy. Captain of Tanabag
Hon. Candido Canete – Brgy. Captain of Concepcion
Mr. Zernan Teodoro – Technical Working Group, San Rafael
Mr. Gaudencio Osano – Technical Working Group, Tanabag
Ms. Beatriz Dacles – Technical working Group, Concepcion
IV. Roles and Responsibilities of PrSC Members
Direction Setting
a. Provide specific direction on the implementation of LPF project in the three
Barangays.
b. Give guidance and support to the Technical Working Group (TWG’s) of LPF
project.
Policy formulation to enhance the attainment of objectives
a. To formulate policy on the management and utilization of natural resources in the
project site consistent with existing laws and policy.
16. Oversight functions
a. To discuss and provide recommendations on problems and issues in the different
levels which affect the activities of the communities in the three Barangays.
b. Source of feedback information on efficiency and effectiveness of project activities
17. Resource Generation
a. To assists and provide information needed by the 3 barangays
b. Help in linkaging and coordination
V. Administrative Matters
•
•
•
•
•
The meals and transportation expenses will be charged to the LPF project every
meeting.
The Agenda will be based on the activities in the field and it will be provided by the
staff of the LPF project.
The PrSC members shall meet every quarter of the year or as needed.
The venue of the PrSC meeting will depend upon the agreement of the members
The transportation expenses of the PrSC members should be liquidated after the
meeting will be finished.
75
Appendix 6
Asia
Proceedings of Coordination Workshop
Centre de Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le
Developpment (CIRAD)
76
Proceedings of the Coordination Team Workshop
Javlon Building, Rizal Avenue, Puerto Princesa City
February 02-04, 2006
PARTICIPANTS
Name
Designation
1. Teodoro R. Villanueva
2. Ma. Eduarda E. Devanadera
3. Paolo Campo
4. Azucena E. Gamutia
National Coordinator
Consultant
Computer Scientist
Field Assistant
Day 1, Thursday, February 02, 2006
Workshop 1. Review and Explanation of Different Activities Scheduled in Palawan
(Please see attachment on annex 1) – Ted Villanueva
Provincial CBFM will be updated on TWGCBFM meeting and present the support of the project
in CBFM site
National workshop. There will be trainings and workshop for natural resources management;
expected participants are the local decision makers from Puerto Princesa City and other places
from the Philippines. Probably, the schedule will be between the month of July or August 2006
Monitoring and evaluation in the community, Monitoring and evaluation team from CIFOR will
come to evaluate project accomplishment
Scientific reports. Progress report for TWG will be submitted quarterly: technical report, will be
submitted on August 2006. Financial report, will be submitted: on mid-year and end of the
project.
MAS Modelling Paolo mentioned that time implementation of MAS Modelling is short and it is a
constraint for MAS Modelling implementation
Site Level Facilitation needs to verify what livelihood projects for TWG, and according to Ted
based on the working plan every group has an allocation budget of 1000.00/group/meeting
Supporting Community Initiative, More than two trainings will be identifying, demands, site,
priority will be considered
Workshop 2.
Budget/Activity (see Attachment on annex 2)
Discussion:
Ted Villanueva explained that based on the major activities on the working budget, the staff will
enumerate the specific activities from February to August 2006. Everyone were given tasks to
identify: Paolo on MAS Modelling, Doodee and Suzy for Community Development Initiative, and
site level facilitation. It is a homework for the group and will be reported on the next day.
77
Day 2, Friday, February 03, 2006
Presentation of the Specific Activities
18. MAS Modelling
•
•
•
•
•
•
MAS Modelling: model building Seven (7) specific activities need to be done the
following are data Integration/programming, RPG Testing at UPLB, 1st Validation
(using
RPG), 1st presentation of simulation model, succeeding validation, 1st scenariobuilding,
GUI model development.
In MAS Modelling: negotiation four (4) detailed activities were identified the
Presentation of 1st set of scenarios, Invitation to negotiate (revised/new models &
scenarios), negotiation process (workshop) and negotiation process
Within MAS Modelling: management plan eight (8) activities identified such as; revisit
common vision, Identification of strategies to reach common vision, Evaluation of
strategies, Selection of alternatives/formulation of management plan,
contract/agreement signing, Implementation, Monitoring and evaluation, Continuous
improvement of the management plan.
For MAS Modelling: assessment one (1) detailed activities identified the Development
of Criteria and Indicators (C&
19. MAS Training
•
•
MAS Training: Palawan two (2) specific activities the Preparation (lesson
plan/logistics and Training
MAS Training: UPLB two (2) specific activities the Preparation (lesson plan/logistics
and Training
20. Site Level Facilitation TWG has meeting of twice (2x) a month but instead of meeting it
could be whether meeting, training or activities.
According to Ted Suzy is allowed to have a maximum number of six (6) days in field every
month. This February during meeting of TWG the identification of livelihood projects for this
six thousand pesos savings will be one of the of the agenda, It is expected that TWG will
select based on the existing livelihood on the three Barangays.
21. In Supporting Community Initiative, two major trainings will be selected, the two trainings
was not identified yet but the selection will be based on the demands, and priority of the
community and it will take place probably on the seventh week of March and eleventh
week of April. The micro-projects will be packaged in April and the other one in May 2006.
22. During CBFM Provincial TWG three (3) activities were identified, coordinate with TWG
regarding meetings and activities, participate and represent LPF in all TWG meetings and
activities, and assist site level facilitators to present progress in TWG meeting.
23. The Provincial Steering Committee meeting is held twice a year; the 1st meeting will be on
March 3 and the 2nd meeting will be on seventeenth week of May.
24. National workshop: The start of planning for this activity will be on seventeenth week of
May and the actual workshop is expected in the month of either June or July. The workshop
topic will be Negotiation Processes to Plan for Common Resource Management. Please
see the attachment on annex 3.
78
Day 3, Saturday, February 04, 2006
Review of Specific activities that will be taken from February to August 2006
•
•
•
•
•
•
Suzy clarified to Ted if no additional trainings aside from two trainings will be
identified
Ted Villanueva replied that the small trainings can be put on the site level facilitation
activities instead of TWG meeting it could be convert into small trainings, or activities
Ted reminded that group will need to prepare for the up coming meeting of PSC that
will take place this coming March 3, 2006: packaging of materials, revisit minutes of
meeting, agenda, noticed of meeting, venue and others.
The group agreed that reimbursement of TWG transportation from Three Barangays to
Puerto Princesa City will be based on case to case basis.
The group agreed on Paolo’s suggestion of ( see attachment Paolo’s format) a pattern
for proper labeling of document for instance; lpf_twg_minutes of
meeting_060204_suzy, which is the first word referred to LPF project, next is the
activities, then specific activities, date of sending and the last word is referred to the
author of the document.
Since the specific activities is too long to write, the group assigned a code name for
each activities to identify one activity from the other;
MAS Modelling: model building
--------------------MAS Modelling: negotiation
--------------------MAS Modelling: management plan
--------------------MAS Modelling: Assessment
--------------------MAS Training: Palawan
--------------------MAS Training: UPB
--------------------CBFM Provincial TWG
--------------------Coordination and team meeting
--------------------Site level facilitation
--------------------Supporting Community Development
Initiative
--------------------Provincial Steering Committee
--------------------National Workshop
---------------------
MAS_build
MAS_nego
MAS_pan
MAS_assess
MAS_training_Pa
MAS_training_UPB
CBFMTWG
Coordination
TWG
Community
PrSC
Workshop
25. Action to be taken:
Site Level Facilitation
•
•
•
Revive the enthusiasm of non-active Technical Working Group (TWG)
Accomplishment report by each group
Minutes of meetings
MAS Modelling
•
Follow-up request of Paolo’s data for Dan, Zaldy, Wilson and Suzy
•
Follow-up the availability of CBFMS data of Three Barangays at City Planning Office
•
Research for model, such as vegetation model, soil erosion model
•
Inventory of Fish stock/fish migration – within coastal area in the vicinity of Honda Bay
Weather at PAGASA Office - rainfall average, sunlight, evaporation, typhoons and wind
patterns
•
Resource Assessment – Puerto Princesa City
79
Provincial Steering Committee (PSC)
•
•
•
•
•
Tasking for the coming Provincial Steering Committee meeting
Noticed of meeting should be distribute to the expected participants of
PSC at least 2 weeks or 1 week before the meeting
Preparation for packaging of materials needed for PSC meeting
Revision of the minutes of meeting
Prepared by:
Azucena E. Gamutia
Field Assistant
80
Appendix 7
Leveling the Playing Field:
Asia
Progress Report of MAS Modeling Year 3
Paolo Campo
81
MAS MODELLING PROGRESS REPORT
Introduction
Leveling the Playing Field (LPF) project has been working in Barangay San Rafael, Tanabag,
and Concepcion (Puerto Princesa City, Palawan) since early 2004. The site was selected
because the management of its renewable resources, as in many other places, is characterized
by multiple stakeholders who have different and competing interests, objectives and motives.
The community groups and government and non-government institutions also have different
positions of power that make collaborative management difficult. LPF project aims to facilitate
these different stakeholders in communicating and negotiating their different interests, learning
about the consequences of their strategies, which hopefully can help them in coming up with an
agreed common vision and management plan for their resources.
One of the approaches that are applied in LPF project is the Companion Modeling (ComMod)
approach. This report presents the progress of the ComMod approach implementation and the
different activities carried out from September 2005 until August 2006. The LPF team has been
focusing on the processes to facilitate learning and empowerment of the stakeholders,
especially those of stakeholders who have very little influence in the management of renewable
resources. This is done by developing and using tools for learning about the natural resources
management (NRM) system and for negotiation of management strategies, wherein the
development of these tools would be done by the community, other relevant stakeholders, and
the researchers.
Objectives
The objectives of this study are:
26. Characterize the existing NRM system thru institutional analysis and MAS modeling;
27. Identify areas of intervention where learning and negotiation tools can be used to initiate
change;
28. Use existing tools or develop new tools for learning and for facilitating negotiations using
the ComMod approach. The tools, methods and artifacts that would be developed and/or
used includes, but are not limited to, Pro-Active Conciliation Tool (PACT), a Multi-Agent
System (MAS) simulation platform or platforms, role-playing games (RPG);
29. Assess the effectiveness of the ComMod approach in addressing the concerns of this
research thru the use of criteria and indicators and institutional analysis
30. Improve existing framework in the implementation of the ComMod approach in resource
management.
Activities conducted in Year 3
MAS Workshops
RPG1
Objectives
The first set of role-playing game (RPG) workshops was intended to validate the MAS model
that has been constructed for the Palawan site. Also, in this set of workshops, the concept of
evaluating a process was re-introduced to the community by means of having simple evaluation
82
questions. This also was an opportunity to begin evaluating the ComMod process with the
stakeholders. The process design for this workshop, a table containing brief details of the
different aspects of the workshop, is found in Annex 1 of this report.
Methods
The RPG1 workshops were conducted from March 2-9, 2006 with the community members. A
total of four workshops were conducted, three for the migrants divided by barangays, and one
for the Bataks. The role playing game used for this set of workshops, which will be referred to as
RPG1 for the rest of this report, was patterned after the Chering game, a generic RPG about
resource use and competition of many resource users. The game itself is designed such that
there would be minimal use of electricity, an important aspect since the workshop conducted
with the Bataks was done in a place where there is no electricity. The game description of
RPG1 is found in Annex 2 of this report. Some of the players were later interviewed to clarify
some points in the game as well as gather more data for revising the model and RPG1.
Findings
For the RPG, the players suggested that seaweed farming be removed from the game as there
is no longer a substantial number of people engaged in such livelihood. In contrast, they
suggested that vegetable gardening and buy-and-sell business be added to the game.
The following insights were also made from this activity:
At the beginning of this research, it was assumed that the three barangays would be sharing the
same space for resource-use. It was expected that there would be similarities as well as
differences in their livelihood activities. Although this would be obvious for the case of the
Bataks as they are limited to the forest area, it was much more difficult to identify the similarities
and differences in the choice of livelihood activities of the migrants. It was during the RPG
wherein it was made clearer which of the barangays are more involved in a certain activity
based on the choices they have made during the game as well as from the discussions that
followed.
The income from just one livelihood activity is not enough to sustain the everyday cost of living
in the community. Given such a situation, the migrants are often engaged in more than one
livelihood activity. However, some of the livelihood activities they are doing now, such as fishing
and vegetable gardening, given the right capital, training, and equipment, would actually be
profitable based on the experiences of some of the participants. For example, in the RPGs
played with the participants in the three barangays, most of those who engaged in fishing lost
money. When asked if this result is realistic, they replied affirmatively. However, there are
some players, who are experienced fishermen in real life and have invested money in their
equipment, especially on their boats, were profiting from fishing during the game. They were
asked if indeed such profits were attainable in real life, and they replied that it is indeed possible
and they have experienced it as well in real life.
During the RPG, it was observed that most of the Batak participants would be doing the same
livelihood activity at one time. In the discussion it was explained to the researchers that all the
Bataks will do one kind of activity at one time depending on the season or demand. For
example, if it is the season for honey, all those who are physically able will gather honey. If
there is demand for rattan, all of them will gather rattan.
During the discussion about the RPG, the Bataks were asked about their strategies during the
game, such as when the community would be engaged in a certain activity, as well as if the payoffs they were getting in the game were correct. They explained that, for some of their
commodities, these are gathered only if there is demand from the traders (migrants). When it
comes to pricing, it is the traders who would dictate the price. Therefore, the Bataks rely on the
trading activity of the migrants for their livelihood. Most, if not all of their commodities are sold
83
to the migrants from within the three barangays and are very seldom sold in the main city due to
high transportation costs.
At first glance, buy-and-sell activities would not be seen as directly connected with resource
exploitation; thus it was not identified in the FGDs and was not included in the RPG. During the
discussion of the RPG, however, the participants pointed out that it should be included in the
game as there is a considerable amount of people in all the three barangays engaged in this
type of activity. At closer analysis, due to the number of people involved in this kind of activity,
plus the fact that the livelihood activities of the Bataks are demand-driven, this might dictate the
speed and intensity as to which resources would be gathered within and outside the boundaries
of the barangays.
RPG2 and scenario-building session 1
Objectives
This series of workshops was designed with the following objectives:
To validate the revisions that have been made on the MAS model based on the results and
discussions of the RPG1 workshop;
To come to an agreement on whether to use the MAS model in the development of a resource
management plan for the three communities; and
To elicit from the different types of stakeholders scenarios or “what if” situations pertaining to
their natural resources.
Methods
Following the suggestions from the RPG1 workshop, seaweed farming was removed from the
game and vegetable gardening was added. Although the players in the RPG1 workshop
suggested that buy-and-sell business be added, the researchers felt that there was too little
information available about the business and it may be too complicated to include in the game, it
was no longer added. Corrections on the costs of the livelihood activities were also made. The
revalidation activity for the revised RPG1, which is now referred to as RPG2 for the rest of this
report, was conducted on June 10-15, 2006. Together with the RPG2 was the first scenario
building activity conducted with each type of stakeholder: community (migrants), the Bataks,
NGOs, GOs and the LPF Philippines Provincial Steering Committee. The RPG2 and Scenario
building activities were conducted as 1-day workshops for each type of stakeholder. Although
RPG2 was played for only 6 rounds, the game was played twice with the second game having a
new rule (or new scenario). This also was an introduction to the scenario building activity
conducted later in the day. The scenario introduced was an imposition of a no-access rule in
some areas of the game board. The discussion of results were done by comparing the income
of each of the players, the amount of available resources (using maps and graphs) as well as
the number of players involved in a livelihood activity at a certain time for the two games.
Unfortunately, the computer simulation wasn’t presented during this time as it wasn’t finished
yet.
The scenario building activity was conducted by asking the participants of “what if” situations
similar to what was done in the RPG. Also, we asked the participants to identify indicators or
ways to analyze the scenario they have suggested (points-of-views).Currently, the computer
simulation is being finished to include the scenarios discussed during the RPG2 and scenario
building workshop.
84
Findings
The scenarios which have been identified in the 5 sessions could be grouped according policies,
availability of natural resources, number of resources users, availability of livelihood activities
(existing and introduction of new ones), attitudes of resource-users, resource extraction
technology/methods, peace and order, and external forces such as inflation and prices. The list
of scenarios identified in this workshop are found in Annex 3 of this report.
Before the scenario building activity, an agreement was first made as to whether the
stakeholders are willing to use the RPG and, consequently, the computer simulation in the
development of a management plan for the resources of the three barangays. However, in the
discussions, although they agreed to use the said tools, they pointed out that another group, the
Barangay Development Council (BDC) will have the final say in terms of what tools and plans to
implement during the development of the Barangay Development Plan for the 3 barangays.
The participants further suggested that the RPG2 and scenario building activity should also be
done with the BDC. However, we succeeded in asking the participants to endorse the tools to
the BDC with a written endorsement containing their signatures. The RPG2 and scenario
building activity with the BDC is still being looked into if we are to proceed in doing it with them.
The endorsement letter that will come from the community is written in Filipino, while the
endorsement letter for government institutions, NGOs and the Palawan Provincial Steering
Committee (PrSC) is written in English. The draft endorsement letter in Enligsh is found in
Annex 4 of this report.
Evaluation of workshops
Objectives
During the last two workshop series with the stakeholders, i.e. RPG1 and RPG2, an evaluation
of the workshop was done at the end of the discussions to determine the relevance and the
lessons learned from the day’s activity.
Methods
The evaluation was done using a set of guide questions pertaining to the relevance of the
workshop to the lives of the players (as an individual and as part of the community) including the
lessons they may have learned in the activity, the organization of the workshop itself, including
the RPG and the tools used in conducting the workshop as well as questions pertaining to the
relevance of the evaluation process to their everyday lives. The list of questions used for the
evaluation is found in Annex 5 of this report.
Findings
The initial response from the participants of the workshops has been positive and they have
appreciated the value of the evaluation process. They look forward into using the same method
in future MAS activities as well as in their own activities. The evaluation questions have also
been reviewed with the stakeholders. In general, the questions were relevant and sufficient in
evaluating MAS workshops/activities. However, they suggested that an indicator should be
added in the evaluation process and that is actual use of the lessons learned in the MAS
activities in real life.
Conference participation
In line with the goal of the LPF project to communicate its findings to the scientific community,
the researchers involved with the MAS modeling component of the project prepared several
abstracts for different international conferences. In June 2006, the paper “Multi-Agent Systems
85
(MAS) Modelling to Improve the Management of Common Renewable Resources in Palawan,
Philippines”, authored by Paolo Campo and Teodoro Villanueva was orally presented in the
International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP) 2006 conference. This
conference focused on issues pertaining to common pool resources, with special emphasis on
Indonesian experiences. The paper presented focused on how MAS modeling would be able to
contribute to a better management of renewable resources shared among many stakeholders.
Another abstract, entitled “Companion Modelling: The Puerto Princesa City Experience”, was
submitted for the Asian Simulation and Modeling 2007 conference. This time, the researchers
focused on the process of building a MAS model, more specifically, the Companion Modelling
approach, for the case of Palawan. The conference itself is about the advancements in
simulation modeling that focuses on attaining sustainable livelihood and environment. The
conference is set for January 2007.
The abstracts for both papers are found in Annex 6 of this report. A digital copy of the paper
presented in the IASCP 2006 conference may be obtained at this weblink:
http://www.iascp.org/bali/papers/Campo_PC.pdf.
Scientific discussion with experts
To further develop the MAS model for the LPF Palawan case, Paolo Campo, the computer
scientist for the MAS modeling component of the project, was sent to the CIRAD Campus in
Montpellier, France from 20 Novermber, 2005 to 10 January, 2006, to discuss with MAS
modeling experts the several aspects of the MAS modeling process for the LPF Palawan project.
From the discussions, it was proposed that the Palawan case be represented or visualized in
another way, i.e. social network protocols. In this approach, social networks are to be
represented using network diagram, as well as interaction diagrams to represent the
interactions between stakeholders for some activities. In connection with this, a literature review
on social networks and network protocols was done, and various network analysis programs
were explored such as Visone and UCINET to represent the social network existing within the
study site.
It was also proposed that the MAS model, as well as the RPG, would focus on the interactions
that occur between the three landscapes, e.g. exchanges of goods/resources/money, and the
effects of changing the institutions or rules, e.g. changing the access rules to some resources
and implementation of the ECAN zones. For the RPG, it may be difficult to play the game with
the different stakeholders all together. In such a case, it is possible to have the stakeholders
play the roles of other stakeholders, i.e. exchange of roles, in the game. Also, multiple RPG
sessions are thought to be needed to be able to monitor and analyze the effects of the ComMod
process on the stakeholders.
It was already envisioned that the simulation model would be transferred over to the
stakeholders so that they could use the model to test scenarios and prepare plans in the future
without having to manipulate the program codes themselves. A graphical user interface was
needed to facilitate the use of the simulation by the stakeholders. Therefore, the computer
scientist was briefly taught how to make graphical user interfaces (GUI) in Visual Works, as well
as how to link it with CORMAS, the platform to which the computer model would be
implemented.
Finally, a set of criteria and indicators (C&I) will be developed specifically on the learning aspect
of the ComMod process, to support the evaluation and monitoring component of the LPF project
in the Philippines. As of the moment, the indicators that to be developed will focus on the
following aspects of individual learning: 1) knowledge, 2) perceptions, 3) behaviors, 4) way of
analyzing problems/situations; and 5) presentation of arguments. In the future, the C&I for
learning would include those for group learning. The need for mulitple RPG sessions would be
beneficial for the C&I as it will allow some of these aspects of learning to be observed during the
game sessions.
86
Next Steps
For the final project year, following the progress that has been made in the modeling exercise,
the researchers are now going to complete the computer simulation based on the MAS model,
as well as present the scenarios that have been identified in the RPG2 workshop, using the
same computer simulation. A negotiation and planning exercise would be conducted with the
stakeholders, using the lessons learned from the computer simulation as well as the lessons
from previous MAS modeling activities. At the request of the community members, review
materials or handouts about MAS modelling and the ComMod process for Palawan written in
Filipino will be made and distributed to them. The ComMod process will also be evaluated using
a Criteria & Indicators-type of framework. Scientific papers, e.g. conference papers and journal
articles, will also be prepared to disseminate the results of the MAS activities. Finally, a
consolidated report on the MAS modeling exercise will be submitted at the end of the project.
87
Annexes
Annex 1: Workshop Process Designs
RPG1
TOPIC
OBJECTIVES
Role Playing Game Session 1: Data Validation
1) Validate the data that has been gathered from the community
regarding their livelihood practices as well as the decisions
involved in performing these livelihood activities using a roleplaying game (RPG);
2) Test the criteria and indicators (C&I) that would help analyze,
critique and improve activities related to ComMod such as
RPGs; and
3) Introduce to the community the concept and importance of
analyzing activities using C&I.
DURATION
7 hours
PARTICIPANTS
12 Barangay members
(3 of which are
members of TWG)
PROCESS/FLOW
METHODS
.
– Registration starts at 9 am –
Presentation
Group recollection
CONCRETE EXPERIENCE (Start at 9:30 am)
Group discussion
(1) Recall/review the LPF project objectives. (10 min)
RPG
(2) Recall/review the MAS modelling objectives and process.
(10 min)
(3) State the objectives of the day’s activity. (10 min)
Materials:
(4) RPG (2 hrs)
LCD projector
RPG game materials
– Break for lunch at 12 pm –
Permanent markers
(different colors)
OBSERVE AND REFLECT (Start at 1 pm)
(1) Debriefing of the RPG session, i.e. discussion of results of Manila paper
the RPG. (1 hr)
Roles/People involved
(2) Observers present their observations about the activity to
for workshop:
the group. (20 min)
1) Facilitator
2) Recorder
ANALYSES (Start at 2:20 pm)
3) Observers (2
(1) Analyze the day’s activity (i.e. the previous steps of the
persons)
process) using C&I and get suggestions for improvement.
(40 min) – serve snacks at 3 pm –
Roles/People involved
(2) Analyze the C&I used in the activity and get suggestions
for RPG:
for improvement. (40 min).
1) Game master
2) Game assistant
CONCLUSION (Start at 3:40 pm)
3) Observers (2
(1) The facilitator then summarizes what has been discussed
persons)
during the day’s activity. S/he then invites the group to ask
questions regarding the activity conducted, about the MAS
modelling process, and/or about the LPF project. Discuss
if the objectives for this activity were met. Also, the
facilitator asks the group if it is possible to interview some
of the players should there be further questions from the
researchers that require individual responses. (15)
(2) The researcher/s would then present the next step in the
MAS modelling process and invite the participants for the
88
succeeding activities. (5 min)
– End of workshop at 4 pm –
RPG2
TOPIC
OBJECTIVES
Computer Model Presentation and 1st Scenario Building
1) To present and validate the computer model
2) Conduct the 1st scenario-building activity
DURATION
PARTICIPANTS
20 participants
PROCESS/FLOW
METHODS
Presentation
CONCRETE EXPERIENCE
Plenary / Group
(5) Recall/review the LPF project objectives.
Discussion
(6) Recall/review the MAS modelling objectives and process.
(others ?)
(7) State the objectives of the day’s activity.
(8) Computer model presentation
Materials:
LCD projector
OBSERVE AND REFLECT
Permanent markers
(3) Discussion on the validity of the computer model
(different colors)
(4) Scenario-building
Manila paper
ANALYSES
(3) Analyze the computer model and scenario-building activity
in relation to the past MAS activities
(4) Analyze the day’s activity using C&I and get suggestions
for improvement.
(5) Analyze the C&I used in the activity and get suggestions
for improvement.
CONCLUSION
The facilitator then summarizes what has been discussed during
the day’s activity. S/he then invites the group to ask questions
regarding the activity conducted, about the MAS modelling
process, and/or about the LPF project. Discuss if the objectives for
this activity
89
Annex 2: RPG1 description
The RPG designed for the LPF Project: Palawan focuses on the effects of livelihood activities,
resource availability and environmental policies, such as resource access. Below are some of
the game details.
Game Materials:
Game board – the game board (Figure 1a) is made of paper with 16 squares or plots. Each plot
is numbered from 1 to 16. Each plot has a land type, with corresponding colors, and
resources, with corresponding livelihood activities. The livelihood activities are shown as
pictures on the plot, which also appears on the livelihood cards. The game board also has
a corresponding representation in the Cormas RPG model (Figure 1b).
(a)
(b)
Figure 1. Game Board: (a) physical game board; (b) virtual game board
31. Income card (Figure 2) – the income card, given to each player, contains the plot and
livelihood choices of each player for every step. This is also where the income for the
livelihood of each step is written. The income card contains the 12 months of the year,
corresponding to tne 12 steps of the game. At the end of the game, the total income of
each player is computed and written in the game card for the players to see.
Figure 2. Income Card
32. Livelihood card (Figure 3a) – each player, when choosing a livelihood, also chooses the
corresponding card. This card contains the initial and maintaining capital of a livelihood
activity. This serves as a reminder for the player the livelihood that he or she is engaged in.
90
Also, if the player wishes to go back to a livelihood he or she has done before, he or she
doesn’t need to pay the initial capital anymore.
Pangingisda
Paunang capital: P 15,900
Karagdagang gastos:
P1,050.00
(a)
Uri:_____________________
LUPA: kalahating ektarya
Gulang:_________________
May ari: __________________
Umuupa: _________________
(b)
(c)
Figure 3. (a) Livelihood card; (b) Crop/Livestock card; (c) Land card
33. Crop/livestock card (Figure 3b) - some livelihood activities take some time before income is
received, i.e. copra-making, farming, and livestock-raising. This card is used as a counter
for the players to keep track of the time they will receive income from the above-mentioned
livelihood activities.
34. Land card (Figure 3c) – this card is used to keep track of farm lands that have been rented
out to someone else. Each land card is half a hectare. A player who has this card may go
into farming. He or she may lease his land to someone else. In this case the players can
negotiate for the price of the rent. The land owner is written on the land card, and the
lessee’s name, if necessary.
35. Game folder (Figure 4) - each player is given a folder to put in all the cards, i.e. income,
livelihood, crop/livestock and land cards. This is used for organization.
Figure 4. Game folder
36. Game markers (Figure 5) – sticks that are used to mark plots that shouldn’t be accessed.
91
Figure 5. Game markers
37. RPG-computer model (Figure 6) – a game interface of the RPG was programmed inside
Cormas. This is used to display the game choices of the players, to compute the income of
each player, and to show the impact of their choices on their environment.
Figure 6. RPG-computer model interface
38. Laptop and projector – used to display game results to players for discussion. No projector
was used during the RPG sessions with the Bataks.
Characteristics of the game:
A round or step of the game is equivalent to one month. The game is played for one year or 12
steps.
There are 12 livelihood activities to choose from: raising livestock, making copra, fishing,
farming, catching milkfish fry, making charcoal, gathering almaciga resin, gathering honey,
gathering rattan, making shingles (roof), flower gardening, and seaweed farming. Seaweed
farming was removed in RPG2 and replaced by vegetable gardening.
Each player may only choose one type of livelihood at each month.
92
He or she may choose to retain the livelihood he has chosen from the previous round, or opt to
change to a new livelihood. A player may also go back to a livelihood he or she has done
before.
Every month income is reduced by Php6,000 (US$120) when played with the Bataks, or
Php9,000 (US$180) when played with the immigrants, to take into consideration the
household expenses. It is assumed that the only source of income of the players is through
the income they make. Food from other sources such as farms or backyard vegetable
gardens is not considered. All of this is done to simplify the game.
Step-by-step process of the RPG
Game preparations:
The players are seated randomly in the playing area. Game assistants distribute the game
folders containing the income card to the players. The players write their names and village
name (or organization for RPG sessions with GOs, NGOs and PrSC). Game assistants
collect the game folders according to the seating arrangement of the players and return
them to the game master.
The game master records the names of the players in order of the seating then returns the
game folders to the players.
2 land cards are given randomly in the game.
Steps of the round:
The game starts with each player choosing a livelihood he or she would like to engage in and
gets the corresponding livelihood card. Players assume that they already have the
necessary materials to do the livelihood so they no longer pay the initial capital of the
livelihood activity they have chosen. Players who have chosen livestock-raising, copramaking, and farming are given crop/livestock cards.
The players choose the plot in the game board where they would like to conduct their livelihood.
They write their choices for livelihood and plot on the second column of the income card.
When done, they put their income and other cards they have in their game folders,
The game assistants collect the game folders according to seating arrangement and give them
to the game master.
The game master enters the players’ choices in the RPG-computer model. When done, he or
she displays, for about 10 to 15 seconds the plots where the players have chosen through
the RPG-computer model environment window (Figure 7).
93
Figure 7. Environment window showing players' choices
39. The game master runs the RPG-computer model; thus computing the players’ incomes.
With help from the game assistants, the game master records the income results,
considering the applicable deductions, on the players’ income cards.
40. The players are given about a minute to reflect on the results of the round.
41. The steps for the succeeding rounds are almost the same as those in the first round, except
that the players have a choice to retain or change their livelihoods. Should a player change
his or her livelihood activity to a new one, initial capital costs are now considered.
42. The game ends after the month of December. At the end of the game, the cumulative
income of each player is computed and recorded. The results, such as income of each
player (Figure 8) and impact on the resources (Figure 6), are compiled and presented for
discussion.
Figure 8. Presentation of results: players' cumulative income
94
Annex 3: List of scenarios identified in RPG2 and Scenario-Building Session 1 workshop
(most are translated from Filipino)
Types of scenarios:
Policies and policy changes
Availability of natural resources
Number of resources users
Availability of livelihood activities (existing and introduction of new ones)
Attitudes of resource-users
Resource extraction technology/methods,
Peace and order
External forces such as inflation.
Scenarios and possible indicators identified per RPG2 session
Community (Migrants)
Effects of depletion of resources
•
may be the base scenario
•
indicators:
- amount of debt/income
- over-population
- movement of people when doing livelihood
- amount of resources gathered
- distance in locating resources
43. Effects of foreshore leases
•
changing of livelihood
44. Effects of having no capital
•
changing of livelihood
•
lack of human activity / lack of movement of people
45. Effects of putting a ban on gathering NTFPs and milkfish fry
•
effects on income
•
effects on health
46. What if there are no more people?
47. Misuse of capital
48. Effects of having too many restrictions
•
effects on livelihood of the community
•
effects from the point-of-view of the government – professional cheaters
49. Effects of barangays having electricity
•
cost of living on a daily basis
•
efficiency of performing a livelihood (e.g. making shingles at night)
50. Effects of arresting people who are into small illegal activities without introducing alternative
livelihoods.
•
Livelihood
51. What if people have grown old?
95
Bataks
A lot of places are made inaccessible?
•
Number of people into illegal activities
•
Hunger and health issues
52. What if Bataks have alternative livelihoods?
•
Quality of life
•
Level of education and health
53. What if the Batak barangay is officially declared a tourist destination?
•
Income from new livelihood activities – handicrafts, vegetable-selling, inns for tourists
54. What if the natural resources are depleted?
•
amount of resources gathered
•
number of people engaged a certain livelihood
•
income
55. What if prices increase like that for rice?
•
quality of houses
•
begging
•
number of people who can’t buy rice or people eating root crops
NGOs
What if the NTFP resources are depleted? What would be the effects of alternative livelihood
projects such as nipa plantation? What if there is no more rattan? What if the trees for
almaciga resin are already dead?
What if there are no more trees and it is illegal to engage in charcoal-making and swiddenfarming?
•
price of charcoal
•
disasters such as floods
56. What if there are available funds for capital?
•
What are livelihood activities people can engage in and earn?
57. What if most tourist areas are owned by foreigners? What if foreigners become
stakeholders in the tourist business,how do we legally solve problems that may arise?
What if the foreigners are in cahoots with GOs?
•
access rights
58. What if there are many (tourist) resorts?
•
employment
•
access rights
•
pollution
•
fish resource
59. What if the Claim of Ancestral Domain - Certificate (CAD-C) is awarded?
•
utilization and management of resources such as rattan and almaciga resin
•
land-ownership and land-grabbing
•
effects on livelihood
•
penalties and violators (?)
96
60. What if the government needs its lands, such as for mining areas, and declares some areas
to be no-access areas?
•
displacement of people / resettlement areas
•
loss of access rights
•
income
•
state of natural resources
GOs
Effects of changing the methods of extraction of NTFPs
Effects of utilizing coconut wastes as charcoal.
What if everyone became fishermen?
What if all beaches are made into resorts?
•
income
•
expenses
•
ports for fisherfolks
61. Implementation of “One Barangay, One Product”
62. What if the peace and order situation in Palawan worsens?
•
amount of production
63. What if the forest resources are depleted?
•
income of indigenous people
64. What if the existing situation continues? What if the people don’t accept the MAS model for
the three barangays?
65. What if the CAD-C is awarded in the three barangays?
•
management of resources within the ancestral domain claim by the Bataks
•
income of the Bataks – would it be sustainable?
66. What if there are factories in the three barangays?
•
effects on the economy/income of the people
•
effects on the environment
67. What if gathering of NTFPs is banned?
68. What if the ECAN zoning is implemented?
•
effects on the indigenous people and migrants
•
effects on the resources
69. What if there are times “closed-season” in fishing is declared?
•
volume of fish
•
income
PrSC
What if ECAN is implemented?
What if livelihood opportunities become more limited?
97
What if the fisherfolk loses all access to the coastline due to foreign ownership of these areas?
Effects of increase in in-migration into the three barangays
What if quarrying is done above the rivers?
What if Palawan is opened to mining?
Effects of increase in forest occupants
Total ban on fishing
•
food production
•
income/livelihood
•
resources
70. Effects of community-based eco-tourism – Dolphin Sighting and Bataks
•
livelihood
•
resource protection
•
effects on the forest
71. What id all the people became rich?
Table 1 shows the unique scenarios identified from all the RPG2 sessions as well as the
possible data requirements.
Table 1. Summary of scenarios identifies and possible data requirements
Unique Scenarios
Depletion of resources
Increase of foreshore leases/ownership by foreigners of
beaches/beaches being turned into resorts
Capital – lack, existence of funds, misuse
Reduction of livelihood options / restrictions in resource
extraction
Restrictions on areas / ECAN / CAD-C (ADC) /
decrease/change in access rights
Mining
Population increase / absence
Change in capability of resource extraction – new technology,
methods
Change in livelihood choices – age
Introduction of alternative livelihood options
Increase/establishment of Eco-tourism / Toursim
Factories
Increase in prices/inflation
Peace and Order
Increase in income
98
Data requirements
Erosion & flood models
Maps of beaches
ECAN Map, new/proposed
policies
Maps of mining areas, kind of
quarry, effects of quarry, data
on operations/processes
Population growth rate
Average pollution contributed
by factories
Inflation rate
Crime incidence rate
Annex 4: Draft endorsement letter
Endorsement to use Role Playing Game (RPG) and MAS Model in planning for Utilization of
Natural Resources (Management Plan) in Barangays San Rafael Tanabag and Concepcion,
Whereas, A Multi-Agent System or MAS is a representation of a complex system, such as
Natural Resources Management (NRM). In the case of Natural Resources Management system,
humans or stakeholders are usually represented as agents in a MAS Model.
Whereas, A simulation model is an implementation of the MAS model into a computer that
simulates a system thru the passage of time. On the other hand, RPG is an implementation of a
MAS model using a game, but having humans, such as stakeholders, playing the roles of
agents of the MAS model.
Whereas, an example of this complementary relationship of RPG and simulation model is the
case wherein the Role Playing Game (RPG) is used as a facilitation tool to explain the MAS
Model, especially if the model is to complex and is difficult to explain thru traditional methods
Whereas, MAS Model is done by developing and using RPG for learning about the natural
resources management (NRM) system and for negotiation of management strategies, wherein
the development of these tools would be done the community, other relevant stakeholders, and
the researchers.
Whereas, based on our knowledge and experience during the workshop educational and
stimulates the desired effects of the activities of RPG/MAS in the participants.
Whereas, we who with participation of the Role Playing Game and several workshop for MAS
Model under the management of UPLB-CIFOR-CIRAD perceive the relevance of the model in
the management of natural resources in the three Barangays; San Rafael, Tanabag and
Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City.
Resolve further as it is hereby resolved, “Endorsement to use Role Playing Game (RPG)
and MAS Model in planning for Utilization of Natural Resources (Management Plan) in
Barangays San Rafael Tanabag and Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City.
Resolved therefore, that copies be furnished the three Barangays and all other agencies
concerned.
Unanimously carried and approved on ______________________
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Annex 5: Workshop evaluation questions (translated from Filipino)
Questions about the workshop:
(RPG)
What parts of the game are relevant to the way you conduct your livelihood activities?
What parts of the game are not relevant to the way you conduct your livelihood activities?
Which parts of the game that should be removed?
What can be added to the game?
What do you consider when deciding to change your livelihood activity for another?
There are livelihood activities in the game that you are never going to choose. Why?
Are the rules of the game clear?
Were the game materials effective?
(Lessons from workshop)
Did you learn anything from this exercise?
Are the lessons you learned applicable in your everyday life?
Are the lessons you learned applicable in your community?
If the lessons you have learned are not applicable to you or your community, to whom would it
be more applicable?
(Organization of workshop)
Are the time, place, day, invitations and transportation acceptable?
Are the ideas presented in the workshop effectively expressed?
(Objectives of the workshop)
Were we able to fulfill our objectives of the workshop? If yes, how? If not, why?
Questions about the workshop evaluation questions:
What aspects of the workshop should we evaluate? In other words, how can we say that the
workshop was successful?
Were the evaluation questions appropriate to properly evaluate the workshop?
What questions should we be asking to properly evaluate activities such as this workshop?
Which is better, evaluate the activity as a group or evaluate the activity individually by means of
an interview?
Is this process of evaluating the activity important?
What are the possible obstacles we might be facing when evaluating the activity and how do we
avoid them?
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Annex 6: Conference Abstracts
IASCP
Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) Modelling to Improve the Management of Common Renewable
Resources in Palawan, Philippines
Paolo C. Campo and Teodoro R. Villanueva
ABSTRACT
This paper reports experiences and inferences of an on-going study on the use of contemporary
analytical tool, Multi-agent system (MAS) to study the dynamics and complex interactions
among stakeholders in the management of common renewable resources. The study is being
conducted in the villages of San Rafael, Tanabag, and Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City in
Palawan, Philippines. Here, the management of renewable resources is characterized by
participation of many stakeholders who have different and competing interests, objectives and
motives. The community groups and government and non-government organizations also have
different positions of power that makes collaborative management difficult. Conflicting laws and
environmental policies often lead to confusion and conflicts among the stakeholders. New
management policies imposing new access rule to resources also threatens the livelihood of the
community.
Levelling the Playing Field Project aims to facilitate different stakeholders in communicating and
negotiating their different interests, in learning about the consequences of their strategies, and
in coming up with an agreed common vision and management plan for their resources. The
MAS model is developed using the Companion Modelling approach which gives primary
importance to the quality of process to ensure that the tools developed are acceptable and used
with confidence. Using this approach, the community members, representatives from relevant
stakeholders, and the researchers collaboratively develop and use the model. In the MAS model,
renewable resource management system is represented with different autonomous entities,
called agents, that are able to act, interact with other agents, and be affected by objects in the
environment. The rules for action and interaction among these agents are identified through
institutional analysis. Through the examination of the MAS model and its simulation outcomes, it
is expected that the community and stakeholders would be able to identify possible areas for
change and improvement.
This paper will present the processes that the stakeholders went through in developing the
models, how the models were used in communication, learning, and negotiation, and an initial
assessment of the effectiveness of MAS. The concept of MAS modelling was introduced to the
community members and leaders, and representatives from government and non-government
agencies. They appreciated how a simulation model can be used for planning and monitoring.
The different stakeholders also found the tool useful in understanding other stakeholders’
perceptions and behaviors. A generic role playing game about resource use and management
was also used to reveal issues related to resource use, design and implementation of
environmental policies and their implications on resources and the stakeholders. The different
stakeholders, especially the community, appreciated the tool to learn about the consequences
of management strategies. The tool is also being used to revisit an agreed common vision and
formulate a management plan for their common resources. From the preliminary assessment, it
appears that MAS modelling is a potential tool to bring together community and different
stakeholders to discuss and learn about the problems in common resource management, and
explore alternative management strategies.
101
ASIMMOD
Companion Modelling: The Puerto Princesa City Experience
Paolo C. Campo and Teodoro R. Villanueva
ABSTRACT
The natural resource management (NRM) system of the villages of San Rafael, Tanabag and
Concepcion, Puerto Princesa in Palawan, Philippines is characterized as having multiple
stakeholders having competing interests, goals, and motives. They also have different positions
of power making collaborative management difficult. The persistence of conflicting laws and
environmental policies tend to be sources of confusion and conflicts among the stakeholders.
The situation would even be more aggravated as new management policies that would impose
new access rules threaten the livelihood of the community. With the management of natural
resources being taken down to the level of the community, how then can collaborative
management among the different stakeholders be possible? A promising solution to this
problem may be the use of multi-agent systems (MAS) developed through the Companion
Modelling (ComMod ) approach.
This paper will report on the experiences of developing a MAS model of the community using
the ComMod approach and its associated tools, i.e. role-playing games (RPGs) and computer
simulations. The researchers will also draw inferences from the learning and negotiation
processes that the stakeholders and researchers have undergone in the collaborative
development of the MAS model and the tools to used to realize this model, as well as the
development of a unified resource management plan for the three villages.
For the community, having acknowledged that the RPG as a good representation of their reality,
they see these tools as vehicles to reach the appropriate stakeholders who could address their
concerns about their livelihoods and resources. For local government agencies and nongovernment organizations, these tools serve as eye-openers about the dire livelihood conditions
of the community. Furthermore, they see the RPG and computer simulation as effective tools to
inform and educate people of their plans or programs for the management of resources and
livelihood for the community. The stakeholders also agree that these tools are useful in coming
together and discussing matters pertaining to the management of their natural resources and
livelihood activities.
102
Appendix 8
Asia
Proceedings of Trainings
103
Training Course on Seaweeds Farming Using
Multiple Vertical Lines
Barangay San Rafael, Puerto Puerto Princesa City
July 25-27, 2006
Attendance:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Crisologo Elesterio
Roberto N. Fernando
Angelita C. Mapa
Onofre Luneta 9.
Melquiades Rodriguez
6.
7.
8.
James dela Torre
Rebecca Lagan
Lutgarda Arceo
Nicanor Fernando
10. Wilfredo Peralta
11. Cecilia Concepcion
Prayer
The activity was started by a prayer led by Lutgarda Arceo
Opening Remarks – Melquiades Rodriguez, Barangay Captain San Rafael
Capt. Melquiades Rodriguez welcomed the participants and the agencies involved in the
training. He was very thankful that Barangay San Rafael was chosen Barangay for the
seaweeds training, this was a big help for their Barangay and especially to the participants. He
is hoping that this assistance will continue and he expect the active participation of everyone
until the training will end.
Message- Suzy Gamutia, Field Assistant, UPLB-CIFOR-CIRAD
She said that this training was conducted through the facilitation of the TWG Coastal group of
the three Barangays. As counterpart, DA-BFAR will provide materials and seaweeds seedlings
for the training, food and labor will be the counterpart of the community. Lastly, she mentioned
that this training could be fruitful for everybody.
Message - Romel Libiran, Resource Speaker, DA-BFAR-RFTC
He explained that even before the LPF project requested this training, he already planned to
make Barangay San Rafael his pilot area in seaweeds farming since the Barangay is
accessible from Puerto Princesa City. He mentioned that the participants could avail of the
materials and one hundred fifty kilograms of (150 kgs.) seedlings to start. He added that, the
lecture will only be half day and the rest of the 3 days will be the preparation of materials and
planting. Finally, he pointed out that the cooperation of everybody is needed for the success of
the 3 days training.
Updates on the Philippine Seaweeds Industry – Rommel Libiran
Introduction
Seaweeds Farming is one of the most productive, cost effective and environment friendly
aquaculture systems in the country. Seaweeds farming, which started in the early seventies is
now considered a major livelihood in many parts of the country particularly in Southern
104
Philippines (Mindanao Seaweeds farming serves as an answer to the rampant illegal fishing
practices and declining catch in the municipal waters.
Thus, the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) recognizes the
substantial contribution of seaweeds in the Philippine economy in terms of Production, livelihood
and trade. Seaweeds is one of the priority aquaculture commodities of BFAR under the GMA
Program for Fisheries along with bangus (milkfish) and tilapia. The program and projects of the
Bureau has been directed towards the enhancement of seaweed production and improvement
of its quality. As a potent force in the international market, the Bureau envisions to further
develop, or if not sustain its lead position in the production of Eucheuma cottonii (Kappaphycus
alvarezii) and carrageenan worldwide.
Importance of Seaweeds
Seaweeds are important component of the marine ecosystem along with mangrove and coral
reefs. The importance of seaweeds can be seen in two perspectives:
Ecological Importance
B.
C.
Serve as primary producers in the marine ecosystem
Serve as habitat and breeding ground for many marine ecosystem
Economic Importance
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
Source of human food (fresh form)
Source of Animal food
Utilize as fodder and fertilizer
Use for waste water treatment
Source of livelihood (farming and development of seaweed value-added products)
Source of raw material for phycocolloid production, such as carrageenan, agar
algin.
and
Uses/Application of Seaweeds
J. Food application (meat preparation and processing, dairy products and desserts,
beverages, sauces and salas dressing, bread, noodles and pasta)
K. Non-Food Application (cosmetics and personal care, pet foods, air freshener and gels,
wound dressing and medicines)
Seaweeds Industry Situationer
Seaweeds Resources
Seaweeds are the macro benthic large and attached at the bottom/substrate) forms of marine
algae. Seaweeds are generally photosynthetic plants and are classified into three major
groups :Chlorophyta (Green seaweed), Phacophyta (Brown seaweed) and rhodophyta (Red
seaweed). The seweed flora of the Philippines is well known and highly diversified among the
floras in Asia-Pacific region. A total of 1,062 species was recorded in the country as of 1998
(Ganzon-Fortes, 1998). Of this total, 50% have economic uses while 15% are edible. The major
economic seaweeds are Eucheuma kappaphycus, Canlerpa lentillifera and Gracilaria spp.
Other potential economic seaweeds are Acanthopora spicifera, Codium spp. Gelidiella acerosa,
Halymenia spp. Laurencia spp. Porphyra spp. And Sargassum spp.
Euchuema/Kappaphycus as the Major Economic Seaweeds in the Philippines
Eucheuma kappaphycus belongs to red seaweed that grows on coral reefs and inrocky and
sandy types of substrate. This seaweed is locally known as “guso” and “tambalang”. The color
ranges from light to dark brown and green. In some areas, Eucheuma are found reddish to
purple in color. The culture techniques for Eucheuma had been established in the Philippines in
the early seventies, such as the fixed off-bottom and floating methods. The two commonly
105
cultured Eucheuma are E. cottonii (=Kappaphycus alvarezii) and E. spinosum (=E.
denticulatum). However, it is E. cotonii that is being preferred and used by most of the seaweed
farmers because it is a good source of carrageenan. This is a natural product/extract that has
emulsifying, getting, suspending and thickening properties for varied applications, such as food
and other industrial/pharmaceutical products.
Production
o. World Scenario
The Philippines is one of the major producers of seaweeds in the world. It ranked second to
China and Japan with a 77% contribution to the total 116 million metric tons world
production in 2002 (FAO website). It supplies about 70-80% of the total world requirement
of raw material (Kappaphycus alvarezii) for carrageenan production.
p. Local Scenario
Seaweeds is the number one aquaculture commodity in terms of production with 68%
share in 2003. The total production of 988.888mt. in 2003 was a 10.5% increased from the
894.856mt. production in 2002. The bulk of seaweed production (about 55%) comes from
the regions in Mindanao. The major seaweed producing provinces are Tawi-tawi, Sulu,
Palawan, Bohol, Zamboanga City, Antique, Zamboanga del Norte and Quezon. It is
interesting to note that production of seaweed has also been recorded in non-traditional
areas like Romblon, Pangasinan and Zambales.
Workforce/Stakeholders
The key players of the seaweeds industry are the seaweed farmers, processors, and
exporters/traders. The workforce is estimated around 120,000 in 2002 (Monzales, 2003). Of this
total, 99% are the seaweed farmers and the rest are the seaweed processors and
traders/entrepreneurs.
Trade
Seaweeds is a consistent dollar earner in fisheries. It was accounted for 21% of the total fishery
export amounted to P4.1 billion ($80.8M) in 2003. Seaweeds are exported either in raw (fresh
and dried forms) and processed (refined and semi-refined carrageenan, agar and kelp powder)
forms. Major destinations of exported seaweed and seaweed products are USA, France,
Denmark, Korea and China.
Issues/Concerns in the Philippine Seaweed Industry
Low quality seedling
Lack of raw material
q. Lack of post harvest facilities,, such as seaweed dryer, warehouse
r. Seaweed diseases, ice-ice, epiphytes, etc.
s. Lack of financing program for seaweed farmers
t. Lack of marketing support
Opportunities in the Philippine Seaweed Industry
Expansion of production areas
Big demand for quality seedling
u. Short culture period and low cost input requirement
v. Availability of production and processing technologies
w. Huge and growing international market
x. Support from government agencies, academe and research organizations
Background why Philippines is Popular in Seaweed Industry
106
L. 1930’s – Irish Moss (chondrus crispus) -Grow in temperate countries (Canada, US, UN)
M. 1960’s – Dr. Maxwell Doty –University of Hawaii went to the Philippines and through
research he discovered the alternate for Irish moss and it could be found in Cebu.
N. Year 2000 when Philippines was became a pioneer in seaweed production, followed by
Malaysia, and Indonesia.
Drying of Seaweeds
O.
P.
Q.
R.
S.
T.
Pour the fresh water on the top of the seaweeds while drying it will help to lighten the color
of the seaweeds
Cover plastic on the top of the seaweeds or putting bamboo slots. Direct heat of the sun
can cause dark color of the seaweeds while drying.
According to international standards 45-75 days is the right age of harvesting cultured
seaweeds seaweeds. Based in studies below 45 days of culturing seaweeds is resulting to
low quality.
If the drying method is right and the seaweeds is 45 days old and above the standard ratio
is 7:1 when the fresh will become dry
According to studies 35ppt. is the standard salinity of the water
Based on experiences, January to May is the season for maintaining seedlings, and May to
December is for full planting of seaweeds in Southern and northern Palawan.
Tuesday and Wednesday, July 25-26, 2006
U.
Preparation of materials needed for planting
Cutting of rope for 50meters mainline
y. Tying of straw
z. Putting of floaters
Thursday, July 27, 2006
V.
Continue Preparation of materials needed for planting and actual planting of seaweeds
Getting of planting materials from Barangay Binduyan
Cutting of planting materials
Tying of planting materials in the rope
Actual Planting
Prepared by:
AZUCENA E. GAMUTIA
Field Assistant
107
Farmers Training on Off-Season Vegetable
Production
Barangay Concepcion, Puerto Princesa City
July 28, 2006
Participants:
NAME
1. Roger Lagan
2. Edeniel Jalocon Sr.
3. Peter M. Rapiz
4. Domingo Rufano
5. Rodrigo D. Vadeztamon
6. Cynthia Cervantes
7. Cherell T. Botulan
8. Maura Rdriguez
9. Anita Bumaras
10. Wenefrida Timbancaya
11. Arnel Batin
12. Reynaldo S Apdon
13. Alfredo Rodriguez
14. Shiela Bation
15. Emilyn B. Estrella
16. Sherlita Garbo
17. Lorna Factor
18. Maylyn D. Torotoro
19. Job Francisco
20. Ambrosio Kabar
21. Crisologo P. Elesterio
22. Eduardo Dalabajan
23. Arnulfo Abrea
24. Rolando Antolo
25. Mioses Apdon
26. Nena V. Conde
27. Leonily V. Gabuco
28. Visitacion S. Lagan
29. Anita Delos Angeles
30. Carmelita Tentia
31. Merlyn Canada
32. Rodelio Canada
33. Nicanor Tentia
34. Alipio Fresnillo
35. Elena R Francisco
36. Emma F. Ello
37. Beatrez P. Dacles
38. Daisy E. Garcellano
39. Enera Tuibeo
40. Luningning P. Caluna
41. Romero A. Naval
42. Roberto Sebido
43. Gary Ganibo
44. Ruth R. Timbancaya
45. Ella D. Rufano
108
Address
San Rafael
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
OCA/Puerto Princesa City
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Tanabag
Tanabag
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
San Rafael
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
San Rafael
San Rafael
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Concepcion
Module I
:
Training Proper
Overview of the training
Mr Tito N. Murcia, Supervising Agriculturist
Mr. Tito Murcia gave his greetings to everybody and explained the activities for the whole day.
According to him, the participants will witness the demo on carbonized rice hull preparation,
followed by lecture on-off season risk and opportunities, cultural management, and pest and
diseases management. He is wishing that everybody will enjoy the training for the rest of the
day.
Demo on Carbonized Rice Hull Preparation
Mr. Rodrigo Valdeztamon, Agricultural Technician II
Steps:
Materials Needed:
W. rice hull
X. open-type carbonizer
Y. 200L oil drums
Z. long-handled spades/shovel
AA. match or lighter to start fire
BB. dried woods/recycled paper
CC. sprinkler
DD. G.I sheet for base (optional if the area is not cemented)
Produce fire using pieces of wood, dried leaves, and used papers/old newspapers. (Note: Do
the carbonization in a clean, dry, leveled and cemented area, preferably far from residential
places.)
Cover the fire with an open-type carbonizer
Place 12-14 sacks of rice hull around the carbonizer unit it reaches the chimney at 1 meter high.
After 20-30 minutes or if the rice hull on top of the mound is burning, move the rice hull from its
mound position. Use a long-handled shovel to move the rice hull from below to the top of
burning mound. Avoid getting too close to the mound to prevent injury. Use protective
gadgets (e.g., mask and rubber shoes).
If the mound turns completely black, put the CRH in 200-L oil drums then slightly sprinkle it with
water (at most 1 L) using a sprinkler or a knapsack sprayer with fine nozzles to extinguish
the smoke and to lower the temperature. Do not over burn the rice hull, as it will become
ash.
Let the freshly-made CRH cool completely. The following day, bag, seal, and stock them in a
safe and dry place.
Off- Season Risk and Opportunities
Ms. Luningning Caluna, Agriculturist II
Off Season- Refers to the month of June to November as it is characterized by the occurrence
of typhoons.
Off-season risk and opportunities - Deals with problems and solutions of vegetable
production
Wind and water especially cause problems during off-season. Heat can be a problem
during the months of May-July, but later in the season it becomes less. The most devastating
effect of the wind is when the plant is damaged or uprooted.
109
Crawling plants like watermelon and calabaza may have show twisted stems. Excessive
rains result to flooding. Roots of vegetables need oxygen to function normally and because of
flooding, plants will stop its physiological processes. Another effect of flooding plants will stop its
physiological processes. Another effect of flooding is root rotting. Other major implications of
rain are more diseases to develop and root exposure due to soil erosion. Leaching of applied
fertilizers is also expected resulting to considerable lower yields.
Water:
EE. exposing plant roots
FF. suffocating plant roots
GG. destroying seedling
HH. increasing disease pressure
II. leaching of nutrients
Wind:
JJ. Dropping of flowers and fruits
KK. Damaging leaves and branches
LL. Uprooting plants
MM.
Twisting of plants stems
Wind and water combined:
NN. Uprooting of plant due to saturated soil and strong winds
OO. Bending of plant causing leaves and fruits on the wet soil
Protection against water
The solution against water damage is proper drainage of excess water to keep the base of the
plants always free of water. The roots of the plant can freely take up water and nutrients if it is
not soaked in water. One way to avoid roots from water logging or water soaking is to plant
vegetables on raised beds. Moreover, a good canal system will also help drain the excess water.
Another solution to avoid erosion of the beds is the use of plastic mulch. This plastic mulch will
keep the beds intact because water can not saturate the soil. The raindrops will just run-off from
the bed to the drainage canal.
Protection against wind
It is important to protect the plants from the effects of wind to keep them on the same place.
One solution is to have windbreaks in the farm. These windbreakers can be trees on the field
borders or corn between the rows. Some farmers are even spending money to buy black nets
and synthetic sack canvass just to protect the plants from wind damage. Another way of
protecting plants from winds is the use of trellis. By trellising, the plants will be kept in an upright
position and will not be uprooted easily. For crawling plants like watermelon, muskmelon and
squash, attach these plants to the soil with bamboo clips to avoid twisting and breaking of the
stems. Another benefit of using trellis is that it protects the plants from touching the ground. As a
result, the plants are free from contamination of soil-borne diseases that might cause the fruits
or the plants to rot. But if plants have to be trellised, be sure the posts, are strong enough to
withstand strong wind. A weak trellis might result to more damage than having no trellis at all.
Factors to be considered in planting:
Topography or drainage
Soil properties
Availability and essential input (fungicide, fertilizer, and other chemicals)
Accessibility to the market
110
Module II :
Cultural Management
Mr. Rodrigo Valdeztamon, Agricuturist Technician II
Variety Selection
PP. Hybrid seeds is highly recommended for off-season planting
QQ. Stronger in the fied than traditional or open pollinated variety
RR. Hybrids have tolerance if not resistance to pests and diseases even under stressfull
conditions.
SS. Early to harvest so return of investment is fast
TT. Hybrids has a capacity to yield more
UU. Uniform fruits
Seeds & Variety Selection (Off-Season and Seasonal
Hybrid watermelon “sweet 16”
Hybrid watermelon “sweet Ruby”
Hybrid Ampalaya “Jade star”
Hybrid Ampalya “galaxy”
Hybrid Calabaza “suprema”
Hybrid Patola “Hercules
Hybrid upo “Dalisay” (Magnifica new)
Hybrid eggplant “casino”
Hybrid eggplant “Domino”
Hybrid sweet pepper “Bless”
Hybrid Sweet pepper “Majesty” (trinity new)”
Hybrid tomato “diamante”
Hybrid tomato “Marimar
Hybrid cucumber 1.) “Ambassador” 2. “Green Beret”
Muskmelon “Princesa and Nectar Queen
East- West Seed Company
Hybrid Cauliflower “Montblanc”
Hybrid Carrot “Kuroda”
Hybrid Cabbage “Cabuko/Apo verde”
Hybrid Pechay “Pavito”
Hybrid Raddish “Bangkok”
Hybrid Okra “Ew Seect”
Hybrid hot pepper “Ht Sht” “Sinigang”
What to do right after the typhoon (June-November)
Open and repair drainage canals
Place the plants upright and restore trellis
Collect affected fruits and leaves and remove from the fields. (They contain diseases which may
effect other or new fruits and leaves)
Apply fertilizer (Drench Calcium Nitrate) as their vitamin.
Apply fungicide (suggested fungicides) Benlate, Sweep or Redomil (together with Calcium
Nitrate) Drench.
Cucurbit Group
Age of harvest/Production
1. Watermelon
2. Ampalaya
3. Squash
4. Patola
5. Upo
6. Muskmelon
(65-70 days) 30 tons/hec
45-55 days) 20/35 tons/hec
65-70 days) 15-20 tons/hec
45-55 days 10-18 tons/hec
45-50 days 20-25 tons/hec
50-65 days 18-20 tons
Solanaceous
Group
1. Tmat
2. Pepper sweet)
3. Eggpant
4. Ht pepper
Age of harvest/
Production
55-65 days 25 tns/hec
111
7. Cucumber
30-40 days 10-15 tons
Legume
Crucifer
1. Pechay
2. Mustard
3. Cabbage
4. Cauliflower
5. Lettuce
1. Pole Sitao
2. Bush Sitao
3. Baguio Bean
4. Cowpea
5. Mungbean
Field Lay-out
Start with a weed-free & pulverized soil by harrowing and rotavating 2-3 times
Make field lay-out using stakes and strings takes into account the drainage and irrigation
direction
Table 1. Panting distance meters) & seed requirements
Crops
Between
Furrows
Between
His
Panting
Distance
5.0
5.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
0.5
0.5
2.0
2.0
0.5
2.5 x 0.5
2.5 x 0.5
2.0 x 2.0
2.0 x 2.0
2.0 x 0.5
Watermen
Ampaaya
Pata/up
Caabaza
Muskmen
Population
per ha
8,000
10,000
2,500
2,500
10,000
Seed req’t.
/ha
500 g
2000 g
500 g
500 g
300 g
Cucurbits
Figure 1. Bed lay-out and panting distance cucurbits crops
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
p
p
p
p
P
p
p
p
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
Figure 2. Alternative bed lay-out for trellised crops
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
112
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
p
Solanaceous crops
Crop
Tomato
Pepper
Eggplant
Crop
Tomato
Between
furrows
1.5
1.5
1.5
Between
furrows
1.5
Betweern
hills
0.5
0.5
0.75
Betweern
hills
0.5
#
Rows/bed
2
2
2
# Rows/bed
2
Planting
distance
0.75 x 0.5
0.75 x 0.5
0.75 x 0.75
Planting
distance
0.75 x 0.5
Pop’n./ha.
26,666
26,666
17,778
Pop’n./ha.
26,666
Field Lay-out
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1M
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
0.5 M
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
1M
Bed preparation
As in cucurbit crops, tomato, pepper and eggplant should be planted n raised beds with plastics
much. Draining ff f excess water is very both in the beds and furrows
Prepare the raised beds by digging out the furrows The furrows have a width f 0.5 meters The
beds should be knee-deep.
Mix animal manure or other organic fertilizer into the bed at a rate of 4 liters per meter bed.
Preferably also the basal fertilizer – see fertilization for specific requirements.
Pulverize and level the beds to obtain at surface.
Make canals to drain excess water in case of heavy rains.
Canals will serve as drainage during too much rain and as irrigation furrows during dry spells.
Plastic Mulch
Plastic mulch is indispensable especially during off- season planting. Benefits are discussed in
the cucurbit section.
Installation of plastic mulch.
Unroll the plastic mulch and staple it onto the soil on all sides using bamboo sticks. Stretch the
mulch and fix firmly to the beds to prevent it from being blown. Air spaces under the plastic
also cause temperature build-up near the base of the plants, which may harm the tender
seedlings.
Punch holes at the desired planting distance by pressing a hot can filled with burning charcoal.
The beds are ready for transplanting.
Water/irrigate the field in the morning and transplant in the late afternoon.
113
Transplanting
Three to four weeks after sowing in trays, seedlings are ready for transplanting.
Make holes in the opening of the plastic mulch about 15 cm deep.
Water the seedlings lightly to loosen up the soil from the trat
Press the holes of the tray under to push the seedling up keeping the soil around the roots intact
Transfer the seedlings into the holes of the bed
After transplanting, fill up the holes with soil, coco fiber or rice hull. This is important to avoid the
hot air build-up.
water the plants and take extra care with watering just after transplanting. Drench with Calcium
nitrate at a rate of 30 grams per 16 liter. Wash the leaves with clean water; the calcium
might burn the leaves.
Drench with Ridomil or Sweep to reduce incidence of early onset of fungal diseases. During the
rainy season, fungal diseases are problem number 1 and should be prevented as much as
possible.
Trellising
Trellising is highly recommended during wet season. Aside from anchorage to minimize leaf and
branch damages, it will lift the branches, providing aeration between plants and prevent the
fruits from soil splashes or touching the ground making them less vulnerable to diseases. Start
trellising two weeks after transplanting.
Hammer strongly 1.5 meter long bamboo, buho or kakawate into the soil. The distance between
the posts should be 2 meters. There will be at least two rows of trellising posts, preferably
three.
Connect the posts with two rows of GI wire, one row one foot above the ground, the other row
after about half-meter above the first GI wire row.
One month after transplanting, connect the plants to the GI wires using blue string.
Fertilization
The best way to get a fertilizer recommendation is by doing soil analysis. However, this is quite
expensive. Below are average estimates of fertilizers that can be given but it should always be
noted that the rates could be modified depending on the crop and soil condition.
The use of Calcium Nitrate is not very common in the Philippines but it is really
recommended as a growth booster and for plant recovery. Especially during the off-season it is
highly recommended. Another fertilizer is complete 16-16-16. This is slightly more expensive
than 14-14-14 but contains more nutrients and even micronutrients like calcium, which might
prevent blossom end rot. Both fertilizers are of Norsk Hydro, but other companies might have
them too. Solophos (0-18-0) and Muriate of potash (0-0-60) can be used for better plant and
fruit development. Solphos especially for pepper wi give better rt development and
consequently better plant growth Muriate of potash give bigger fruits an is applied during
flowering and fruiting stage
The basal fertilizer is best applied during bed preparation. Just mix the required amount
with the soil. The first side dressing is applied by making a hole in the plastic much, 10
centimeters from the base f the pants Fr the second side dressing make a different he and a
little farther from the base of the pant This way the rots will develop better
Irrigation
Just after transplanting, irrigate During irrigation, hold the water in the canals by blocking the
few and releasing it t the next stretch after enough water was supplied t the pants Canals hold
water during irrigation and drain them ff during times of heavy few. Follow-up irrigation
whenever necessary Try to avid splashing water n the eaves, it may cause fungal diseases
114
After irrigation, always pen the canals again; the next heavy thunderstorm might come the next
again!
Harvesting
Harvesting in eggplant, tomato and pepper starts from 60-65 days from transplanting Fruits are
harvested once or twice a week. In tomato and pepper, fruits are harvested at the turning stage,
meaning fruits are green turning yellowish in color for tomato and green turning brownish-red in
pepper. However, most peppers in the Philippines are harvested green. Eggplants are
harvested at the desired size.
Tomatoes are packed in wooden creates or bamboo baskets while eggplants and
peppers are packed in plastic bags like the one being used in ampalaya, upo and patola.
Harvesting can go on for 2-4 months, even longer depending on the crop maintenance.
A longer duration can be maintained through preventing the spread of pests and
diseases and continuous side dressing of fertilizers.
Module III : Pest and Diseases Management on Solanaceous and Cucurbits crops
Ms. Enera A. Tuibeo, Senior Agriculturist
Plant Disease – abnormal change in structure or in function.
Shoot and fruitborer
Leafhopper
Red spider mites
Brad mite
Aphids
Cutwrm
tmat fruitwrm
Whitefy
Thrips
Cause of pant disease
Non-parasitic
Parasitic
fungi
Bacteria
aa. Nematdes
bb. Virus
cc. Virids
dd. Mycpasma/Phytpasma
Insecticides act as:
stomach poison
contact poison
fumigants
Physical poison
Juvenile hormones
Growth regulator
Fungicides – work as eradicant (combat diseases) or protectant (prevent disease
establishment)
115
Nematicides – kills nematodes on soil
Physical control
Use of preromones
Pest and Diseases Management on Cucurbits
ee. Fruitfly
Damage Symptoms:
VV. Necrosis around the puncture mark is visible
WW. Feeding by the larvae causes the fruit to rot
Management:
XX. Wrap the fruit either in newspaper, a paper r in the case of long/thin cucurbits a polythene
sleeve
YY. Use f attractants like cue urea and methyl Eugene for male suppression
ZZ. Application of contact insecticides (eg. Basudin, Selecron, Malathion etc)
ff.
aphids
Damage Symptoms:
AAA. Initial Symptoms are yawing f the eaves
BBB. Pant covered with back sty mud
CCC. Pant becomes stunted and stems become twisted
DDD. Eaves are cured downward when the pupation is high
Management
EEE.
Prune the heavily affected leaves
FFF. Use of yellow sticky traps
GGG. Spraying of botanical insecticides like hot pepper and kakawate extracts
HHH. Spraying with soap solutions
III. Application of contact and systemic insecticides (e.g. Malathion, Mesurol, Cymbush etc)
gg. Leaffolder
Damage Symptoms:
JJJ. Faded and web eaves are visible with pupa inside and larva in some cases
KKK. Skeletonized eaves from continuous feeding
Management
LLL.
Hand picking of larvae
MMM. Collection of folded leaves
NNN. Application f several contact and systemic insecticides (e.g. Decis, Cymbush, Mimic
etc)
hh. Leafminer
Damage Symptoms:
OOO. Layers of the leaves have characteristics tunneling pattern, which appears whitish to
pale yellow.
PPP. This mining may result in eventual deterioration f the whole leaf
Management
116
QQQ. Use f yew sticky traps
RRR. Prune the heavily affected leaves
SSS. Application of contact and systemic insecticides (e.g. Selectron, Trigard, Sevin, etc.)
ii.
Thrips
Damage Symptoms:
TTT.
Heavily damaged pants appear silvery or grayish
UUU. Feeds n pant tissue
VVV. Rasp leaf surfaces and suck juices
Management:
WWW. Use of yellow and blue sticky straps
XXX. Use of overhead irrigation
YYY. Application of contact and systematic insecticides (e.g. Mesur, Lannate, Ascend etc)
jj.
Squash Beetel
Damage symptoms:
ZZZ.
Large holes on the leaf are visible
AAAA. Defoliation may occur if infestation is severe
Management:
BBBB. Cultivation may destroy pupation in the soil
CCCC. Collection f the beetles early in the morning
DDDD. Application of contact insecticides (e.g. Furadan, Malathion, Sevin etc)
kk. Whitefly
Damage Symptoms:
EEEE. Feed by sucking pant juices
FFFF. Heavy feeding causes mottled eaves
GGGG. Silvery leaf
Management
HHHH. Eliminate weeds
IIII. Use of yew sticky traps
JJJJ. Application f contact and systemic insecticides (e.g Mesurol, Confidor, Provado, Supra etc)
ll.
Leaffolder
Damage Symptoms:
KKKK. Folded and web leaves with pupa or larva inside
LLLL. Skeletonize leaves from continuous feeding
Management
MMMM.
Hand picking of larvae
NNNN. Collection of folded leaves
OOOO. Application of several contact and systemic insecticides (e.g. Decis, Cymbush, Mimic
etc.)
Impressions - Kgd. Crisologo Elesterio and Kgd. Rolando Antolo
117
From their point of view, they were very thankful of the training given by the city agriculture’s
office in cooperation with LPF project. They’re hoping that the said agencies will continue to
give them support. They’ve learned a lot from the training and it would be very useful to them.
Inspirational Talk- Robert Sebido, Assistant City Planning officer
Mr Robert Sebido expressed his thank for the support of the Barangay councils and community
members of the three Barangays for the success of the training. He mentioned that ten (10)
interested and committed participants in every Barangay that wants to pursue vegetable
gardening will be given assistance by their office. Each participant given the maximum area of
200 square meters to farm, their office will assist in terms of seeds, fertilizers, plastics and
technical assistance, just inform their field staff.
Prepared by:
AZUCENA E. GAMUTIA
Field Assistant
118
Appendix 9
Asia
Planned and actual implementation
119
Regional Level
Activities
Implementation Schedule for Palawan, Philippines
MAS modeling:
model building
MAS modeling:
negotiation
MAS Modeling:
managament plan
Training of MAS in
Palawan
Training of MAS in
UPLB
Coordination and
team meeting
Site level facilitation
Supporting
community
CBFM Provincial
TWG
Palawan Provincial
Steering Committee
National Workshop
Monitoring and
Evaluation
Training/Workshop
SC Meeting
Scientific Reports
Reports
Progress Report
Technical Report
Financial Report
Negotiation
processes in NRM
TWGs and steering
committees
MAS models in
assessing options
M & E by
communities
Management plan
formulation
Codes:
Tenders Planned
Contracts Planned
Tenders Actual
Contract Actual
Quarterly Reports
Annual Reports
Final Report
Midterm Report
120
Month: S
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
Planned
Actual
O
N
Q
D
Year 3
J
F
Q
A
M
Q
J
J
A
Q
A
M
x
Q
A
F
M
M
(incorporates 4th quarter)
F
F
F
F
F
F
Appendix 10
Asia
Financial Expenditure for Year 3
121
2004-106 Levelling the Playing Field: Fair Partnership for Local Development
in Southeast Asia (Year 3)
Statement of Support and Expenses
As of October 15, 2006
Approved
Budget
Cash Flow for the period 9/01/05-09/30/06
Peso Trans. Dollar Equiv. Dollar Trans.
Receipts
Expenses
Human Resources
National Coordinator
Computer Scientist
Sub-total
National Travel
Air Tickets
Per diem and Hotel
Local Workshop
Sub-total
Equipment and Supplies
Rent of Vehicles
Consumables
Office space, electricity
& field equipments
Sub-total
Others
Field site mediators
Field Assistant
Local Facilitator
Site-Level Facilitator
Secretarial Support at UPLB
Sub-total
Administrative Fee
Advances to Project
Total Expenses
Funds Available
$ 6,000.00
4,200.00
10,200.00
Total to
Date
$ 26,773.27
$ 26,773.27
6,000.00
3,850.00
9,850.00
6,000.00
3,850.00
9,850.00
1,135.00
1,135.00
1,430.00
4,710.00
6,550.00
12,690.00
46,113.00
157,866.46
189,129.81
393,109.27
875.01
2,995.57
3,588.80
7,459.38
875.01
2,995.57
3,588.80
7,459.38
2,181.00
1,750.00
90,306.90
63,054.98
3,931.00
9,985.00
163,346.88
1,713.60
1,196.49
189.47
3,099.56
1,713.60
1,196.49
189.47
3,099.56
3,600.00
4,000.00
3,510.00
3,000.00
800.00
660.00
7,970.00
189,540.00
3,596.58
1,750.00
191.27
676.28
6,214.14
490.00
490.00
10,080.00
35,640.00
235,260.00
3,596.58
191.27
676.28
4,464.14
20,361.44
386.37
$ 34,791.00 P 812,077.59
$ 15,409.44
3,479.10
1,750.00
1,750.00
3,479.10
$ 15,079.10
550.00
550.00
200.00
200.00
3,479.10
386.37
$ 30,488.54 $
$ (3,715.27)
Prepared by:
Certified correct:
Noted by:
Perlita L. Maligalig
Marilou C. Atanante
Accounting Supervisor
Cecilio R. Arboleda, Ph.D.
Executive Director
122
UPLBFI
Contribution
6,175.00
Appendix 11
Asia
Proposed budget for Year 4
123
PROPOSED BUDGET FOR PALAWAN SITE, PHILIPPINES (YEAR 4)
Unit
Unit rate
US$
No of
units
Cost
Pers-month
1,200
5
6,000.00
600
6
3,600.00
Expenses
National travel
National coordinator
Air tickets
Per diem and hotel
Pers-month
Computer Scientist
Subtotal Human Resources
Manila-Puerto Princesa
flight
City (return)
day
Manila
day
day
San Rafael
12
100
4
400.00
40
14
560.00
22
116
2,552.00
5,060.00
9,892.00
Equipment and Supplies
Los Banos-Manila-Los
Banos
Bus fare Puerto Princesa-San
Rafael or vice versa
day
45
12
540.00
day
70
12
840.00
trip
8
27
216.00
Consumables – for
UPLB and field
Office space,
electricity & field equip
ments,
350.00
800.00
5,000.00
Subtotal Equipment and
supplies
2,396.00
Field Assistant
Pers-month
270
8
2,160.00
Local facilitator
Pers-month
500
6
3,000.00
Pers-day
10
80
800.00
270
1
270.00
220
1.5
330.00
Site-level facilitator
Others
1320.00
110
Subtotal Travel
Field site mediators
1750
9,600.00
Local workshop
Meals and venue rental
(micro and long term)
Rent of vehicles
UPLB-FI
Contribution
13th month pay of
Suzie
Secretarial support at
UPLB
Pers-month
Subtotal Other costs,
services
6,560.00
SUBTOTAL
28,448.00
ADMINISTRATIVE COST (10% OF THE SUBTOTAL)
2,844.80
TOTAL
31,292.80
124
125
LPF/05/2006
About CIRAD
Centre de coopération Internationale en recherche
agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) is a French
scientific organisation specialising in agricultural research
for development for the tropics and sub-tropics. It is a Stateowned body, which was established in 1984 following the
consolidation of French agricultural, veterinary, forestry, and
food technology research organisations for the tropics and
subtropics.
CIRAD is organised into seven departments: CIRAD-CA
(annual crops), CIRAD-CP (tree crops),CIRAD-FLHOR (fruit
and horticultural crops),CIRAD-EMVT (animal production
and veterinary medicine), CIRAD-Forêt (forestry), CIRAD-TERA
(land, environment and people), and CIRAD-AMIS (advanced
methods for innovation in science).CIRAD operates through its
own research centres, national agricultural research systems
and development projects.
About CIFOR
The Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) is a
leading international forestry research organization established
in 1993 in response to global concerns about the social,
environmental, and economic consequences of forest loss and
degradation. CIFOR is dedicated to developing policies and
technologies for sustainable use and management of forests,
and for enhancing the well-being of people in developing
countries who rely on tropical forests for their livelihoods.
CIFOR is one of the 15 Future Harvest centres of the Consultative
Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). With
headquarters in Bogor, Indonesia, CIFOR has regional offices in
Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon and Zimbabwe, and it works in
over 30 other countries around the world.
Fair Partnership for Local Development
to Improve the Forest Sustainability in
Southeast Asia
The project is working in contexts where multi-stakeholders
with different views and power act on forest management.
The project aims to improve the forest management by
facilitating stakeholders’ coordination and capacity building.
It will develop approaches and tools for stakeholders to share
views and create condition to manage the forest together.
Centre de coopération internationale en recherche
agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) and Center
for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) are managing
this project with three partners, universities well known for
their involvement in forest management research, which are
Gadjah Mada University (UGM), University of the Philippines
Los Baños (UPLB) Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).
http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/lpf
Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Gadjah Mada University (UGM)
Malaysia
Office address
Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang
Bogor Barat 16680 - Indonesia
Tel: +62(251) 622 622
Fax: +62(251) 622 100
E-mail: cifor@cgiar.org
Website: www.cifor.cgiar.org
Mailing address
P.O. Box. 6596 JKPWB
Jakarta 10065 - Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
Levelling the Playing Field PHILIPPINES COUNTRY REPORT Year 3
CIRAD’s mission is to contribute to the economic development
of these regions through research, experiments, training and
dissemination of scientific and technical information. The
Centre employs 1800 persons, including 900 senior staff, who
work in more than 50 countries.
Levelling the Playing Field
Year 3
Philippine
College of Forestry and Natural Resources
University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB)
Teodoro R. Villanueva, Paolo C. Campo, Azucena E. Gamutia, Ma. Eduarda E. Devanadera

Levelling the Playing Field - Center for International Forestry Research

Transcription

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