Spring 2011 Newsletter
Transcription
Spring 2011 Newsletter
The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 ‐ 1 Newsletter Spring 2011 The Bidwell House Museum is a New England heritage landmark that uses the history of its land, house, and collections to re-imagine, re-create, restore, and research colonial and early American life in Western Massachusetts. Bidwell House Museum Opens with Music of 1776 T he Bidwell House Museum will open for the season on Sunday, May 29th, at 3 pm with a one-hour program exploring Colonial-era music performed by Singer/Songwriter Diane Taraz. The performance will be followed by refreshments and the official opening of the museum. In 1776, New Englanders sang in kitchens and workshops, in military camps, and in churches and taverns—rowdy drinking songs, laments for lost love, marching tunes, and ballads created to spread the latest news and celebrate bold deeds. Singer and historian Diane Taraz presents the “greatest hits” of the American Revolution, exploring the fascinating world behind the songs that rallied both sides. In Colonial dress, she sings and accompanies herself on guitar and dulcimer, transporting listeners back to the turbulent time of our country’s birth. A Berkshires native, Diane lives in the Boston area and performs throughout New England. According to Wanda Fischer, producer/host of “Hudson River Sampler” on WAMC-FM, “rarely, if ever, does a new singer/songwriter literally jump out of the CD player and make me take notice, but that’s exactly what happened the first time I heard Diane Taraz. Whenever I play the album on the air, the phones light up with listeners asking, ‘Who’s THAT?’” After the performance, the museum will celebrate the opening of the season. As befits the home of the first settled minister of Township No. 1, the Reverend Adonijah Bidwell, the house and the season will be blessed by the heirs to his position, the Reverend Liz Goodman, Pastor of the Monterey Church, and the Reverend Janet McKinstry, Diane Taraz in costume, with a dulcimer Pastor of Tyringham Union Church. Refreshments will be served to toast the opening of the 21st season of the house as a museum. All are invited to join. There is a suggested donation of $15 ($10 for members of the museum) for attendance at the concert. To learn more about Diane Taraz or sample her music, please go to her website: www.dianetaraz.com. Local History Talk: Splitsville: Tyringham and Monterey in 1847, by Clinton Elliott A s former longtime chairman of the Tyringham Historical Commission, Clint Elliott is an expert on the story of the town. An intrepid researcher, he has gone way beyond what is popularly known about the early days of this part of the Berkshires. Years ago, he became intrigued by the division of the town of Tyringham and looked for evidence of what led to the split. He followed the trail from the records of early proprietors’ meetings, which took place outside of Boston, in Watertown, to the town records, and to contemporary 1840s newspaper accounts. On Saturday, June 25th, at 10 am, Clint Elliott will tell the story of the two settlements in the town of Tyringham, what they were like and why they had to split. He will also talk about what he found in the Boston records on the naming of the town of Monterey—the name of a bloody battle far away, chosen near the time of the beginnings of the Civil War. This unusual choice of a New England town name apparently involved no local consultation! Mr. Elliott is the author of African Americans in the Berkshires: Tyringham and Monterey 1850 (2007), documenting his research into early black residents in the town and census records. He is also the editor of the revised 1989 edition of Tyringham: A Hinterland Settlement by Eloise Myers. He will speak at the Tyringham Union Church on Main Road. 2 ‐ The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 W Bluebirds in the Meadow henever I visit the Bidwell House Museum, I gaze across the meadow that lies between the house and the parking lot and I think of bluebirds. I wonder if there is sufficient open space for one or more Eastern Bluebird families to nest. When I discussed my idea of placing several bluebird boxes in the field with Board members, they responded affirmatively. In order to educate myself about bluebird nesting requirements, I consulted the websites of The North American Bluebird Society, The New York State Bluebird Society, and The Cornell University Lab of Ornithology. Locally, I consulted with Jody Soules, proprietor of the Wildbirds Country Store in Great Barrington, who knows the Bidwell House Museum property and offered many helpful suggestions. I purchased four bluebird boxes and four metal poles from Jody Soules, and had them in place at the Bidwell House in time for the arriving male bluebirds to establish territory. Bluebirds are quite particular about who their neighbors are. They will not usually nest within 100 yards of other bluebirds, and they prefer to have the opening of the box face southeast, away from prevailing winds. The box should not be too high or too low, with about five feet above ground being ideal. Since the meadow is not located on a pond, I do not anticipate a flood of Tree Swallows. By placing the nest boxes in the middle of the field, away from the trees, I feel that this will reduce competition from nesting House Wrens and Chickadees. Why do Eastern Bluebirds need to get by with a little help from their friends? In the nineteenth century, these beautiful creatures were quite common throughout most of eastern North America. However, the clear cutting of old growth forest (which provided an ample supply of nesting cavities), along with the introduction and proliferation of European House Sparrows and European Starlings (two aggressive cavity-nesting birds), severely depleted their numbers. Combine this with the fact that bluebirds are quite choosy about their nesting habitats, and you have a recipe for a severe population decline for the species. However, I am pleased to observe that the Eastern Bluebird has become the poster child for its own recovery. People do enjoy having them nest on their property and are more than willing to assist them in their struggle for survival. I have located more than twenty useful bluebird societies, and quality nest boxes are readily available. These efforts have met with considerable success, and Bluebirds numbers are rebounding. So what will happen once I place these nest boxes in the meadow? Therein lies the beauty, and the frustration, of nature observation. The meadow is large enough to at- tract one, perhaps two, nesting pairs, which, with luck and favorable weather, will produce two broods of young this year. The remaining boxes will most likely attract pairs of Tree Swallows, House Wrens or Chickadees. If the birds are successful, there will be a nice avian show all summer long. I plan to properly monitor bluebird progress on a weekly basis, according to proscribed standards, and will write a follow-up report. — Gil Schrank Gil Schrank with a new bluebird box on the Bidwell meadow For more information about Eastern Bluebirds, visit: New York State Bluebird Society at www.nysbs.org North American Bluebird Society at www.nabluebirdsociety.org T Museum Bids Farewell to Caretaker Chris Caccamo his May, Caretaker Chris Caccamo will end her threeyear tenure with the Bidwell House Museum. During her time at the museum, Chris has been a careful and attentive steward of the house, the collection, and the grounds. She has also been an invaluable docent, sharing her knowledge of and enthusiasm for the house and its history with many visitors. Many of you have enjoyed the exhibitions of farm tools which Chris curated in the outbuildings here at the museum, and her beautiful displays in the rooms. Chris’s service to the museum has been a tremendous asset, and while we are certainly reluctant to say goodbye, we wish her much luck in the future. Thank you, Chris! The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 ‐ 3 The Old Albany Road... and the “Unredeemed Captive” A mong the more striking features of the Bidwell House landscape is the old roadbed situated perhaps 200 yards to the south of the residence itself. Heavily overgrown now after the passage of two centuries, it nonetheless retains a clear outline and some of its internal features as well. The parallel stone walls built to line the sides are still at least partially intact. And there are ruts in the middle suggestive of ancient usage. Parallel stone walls in foreground and at rear mark the now overgrown roadbed of the old Albany Road on the Bidwell House grounds The road was laid out in 1735, apparently at the instance of the Massachusetts authorities; before that there may have been an Indian trail covering approximately the same route. It was designed to connect Westfield, Massachusetts, with Albany, New York (it was generally referred to as the Albany Road). It ran through the present-day towns of Blandford, Otis, Monterey, Great Barrington, and on to the New York line. At first the road was very rough, and passable only on horseback; an early visitor described it as “the worst road, perhaps, that was ever rid,” and the surrounding countryside as “a most doleful wilderness.” When covered by snow in wintertime, the same man surmised, it would be impossible to follow; then “his Majesty’s subjects living in these parts of the province” would be isolated and wholly unable to obtain “foreign commodities.” Still, the road’s opening was important, enabling the settlement of at least four new towns—Tyringham, New Marlborough, Sandisfield, and Becket. Within a few years, moreover, a group of local residents took it on themselves to improve the road, so as to make it accessible to carriages and sleighs. By the time of Reverend Bidwell’s arrival in 1750 (and the construction of his house) the road was the largest, and likely the busiest, “thoroughfare” in western Massachusetts. Among the early travelers on the road was a famed “Indian captive”—around whose life I wrote a long book (The Unredeemed Captive, Alfred Knopf Publishers, 1994). Her birth name was Eunice Williams; she was born, and spent her early childhood, in the town of Deerfield. Captured in a notorious raid on that community by French and Indian forces in 1704, she was taken to Canada and there adopted by a Mohawk Indian family; after some years she became fully absorbed into Mohawk life. Her choice to remain with the Indians proved deeply wounding to her Deerfield kin— especially to her father, an eminent Puritan minister. She would never return to New England on a permanent basis, but she did make four visits (1740, 1741, 1743, 1761). Each time she traveled by way of the Albany Road. When I first toured the Bidwell House some 15 years ago, and walked a few yards on the roadbed, it was (how to say this?) a somewhat transcendent experience. I had spent the previous decade following Eunice’s tracks—figuratively speaking—through a broad range of documentary sources. And now it wasn’t just figurative; somewhere close by were her actual tracks. Of course, I couldn’t find them; but simply to be so near raised a few hairs on the back of my neck and brought a large lump to the top of my throat. I wondered about a possible meeting between Eunice and Reverend Bidwell. Her first three visits preceded the building of his house, but for the final one he and the house were most definitely present. Like everyone else in western New England he would have known her story. Perhaps he wished to meet her in person, as she and her Indian family trudged by on the road en route to her Williams relatives further east? Perhaps, too, he seized the chance to urge her (as many others had already done) to resettle at last in the land of her birth? Perhaps she, for her part, welcomed a break in the long wilderness journey down from her home near Montreal? Perhaps, then, the minister offered her a meal by his fireside—or even an overnight stay? Perhaps. Questions like these connect us with “history” in the most direct, and personally meaningful, way. — John Demos, Board Member 4 ‐ The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 The Plan for the City on the Hill Township No. 1, Tyringham and Monterey, the Original “Hinterland Settlement” Part 4: The Minister and the Meeting House — 1750 This is the fourth part in a series of articles about the early history of Township No. 1 and the Bidwell House Museum property. W e learned in the last article that it took 13 years of struggles and effort—from 1737 to 1750—to make real progress toward completing the first meeting house in Township No. 1. This was due to several factors: interruptions from the French and Indian War in the middle 1740s, lack of consensus among the proprietors about how much they should spend for the meeting house and other necessary improvements to the township, and apparent wrangling between two factions of proprietors—those who actually lived here in the Hinterland, and the absentee proprietors still living in their homes near Watertown, Mass. Many of these issues seem finally to have been resolved at the proprietors’ meeting of January 12, 1749/50. They voted to reinstate two of the members of the 1742 meeting house committee, John Brown and Isaac Gearfield, and added Ephraim Thomas. They voted to finally complete the meeting house according to the 1742 plans—“…Fort[y]h feet long and thirty five feet wide & of suitable height for one tier of Galleries…”—but with a few changes: adding five feet to the length, making the final dimensions 45 feet by 35 feet, and adding seventeen windows six square each, to ten other windows of nine square each. They also voted that “…the Proprietors Meeting shall be holden in sd Township No 1 for the future…” instead of in Watertown where all previous meetings had been conducted. At this same productive meeting, they voted to obtain their first full-time resident minister “as soon as may be with convenience.” Up to this time, the township had relied upon ministers “supplied” by other towns, including Rev. Sargeant. Rev. John Sargeant ministered to the Mahicans in “Indian Town”—now Stockbridge—for 15 years and died in 1749. The proprietors of Township No. 1 voted: “…to settle a learned & orthodox minister...for carrying on preaching.” Each proprietor was to pay eight pounds “old tenor” for this purpose. Upon settling, the minister would receive one hundred dollars in addition to the lot already reserved for the first minister, and he would receive “one hundred & sixty dollars … for his annual salary.” John Brewer, Thomas Slaton and Ephraim Thomas were appointed to procure the minister. The first meeting in the township was held on May 25, 1749/50 at the house of Mr. John Brewer, Innholder. The committee reported “that they had procured and implored Mr Adonijah Bidwell in said service for divers[e] months.…” The meeting accordingly voted “to give Mr. Adonijah Bidwell a call to settle in the ministry of the Gospel.…” Bidwell responded, “it was his desire to take a months time to consider of and give an answer to the Proprietors respecting his acceptance or refusal of said call.” In the meantime, Ephraim Williams, Thomas Orton and John Jackson were appointed to consult with three of the ministers of neighboring churches “…respecting the settlement of Mr Bidwell in the Ministry.…” Adonijah Bidwell was presumably known to the other ministers in the area. He grew up in Hartford, CT, the youngest of four children. His father, John, was a wealthy merchant and ship owner; John was lost at sea on a return voyage from the West Indies a few months before Adonijah was born in 1716. Adonijah attended Yale Divinity School, graduating in 1740 during a period of religious fervor known as “The Great Awakening.” After graduating, he taught school for several years in Connecticut and Massachusetts before he was ordained in 1744. During the French and Indian Wars, Bidwell was commissioned as military chaplain for the Connecticut fleet which participated in the 1745 Louisberg (Nova Scotia) expedition. His diary account of the expedition has been published. After the war, Rev. Bidwell returned to Connecticut, serving as minister in Simsbury. He then served as interim pastor for the Dutch Reformed Church in Kinderhook, NY, for 29 weeks during 1749. On June 27, 1750, the proprietors held a meeting to receive the favorable recommendation by the neighboring three ministers—Jonathan Hubbard (Sheffield), Thomas Strong (New Marlborough), and Samuel Hopkins (north parish of Sheffield, now Great Barrington)—and Mr. Bidwell’s answer to their call: “[he] has declared his acceptance thereof to settle with them in the work and service of the Gospel Ministry.” Rev. Bidwell was 34 years old and unmarried, and apparently ready for a lifetime commitment. On September 20, Rev. Bidwell formally accepted the pastorate in Township No. 1. Article continued on page 7 The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 ‐ 5 6 ‐ The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 Thank You, 2010 Supporters—it was a great anniversary year thanks to you! The Bidwell Society - $1500+ William Brockman John & Virginia Demos Delight & Paul Dodyk Charles & Joy Flint Robert & Cynthia Hoogs Marc & Kathryn Roberts Hargis and Brush Circle $500-1,499 Janet & David Cathcart George & Jan Emmons Chapin Fish Christine & Ron Goldfinger Richard & Lindsay Greene Colta & Garrison Ives Nancy Jones & Gil Schrank Julie & Frank Kern Ian & Christa Lindsay James & Catherine Miller Paula Moats Susan Popper & Rocky Greenberg Joyce & Lew Scheffey David Walker-Price Old Manse Society - $250-499 Brian Andreoli J. Truman Bidwell Larry & Beverly Birnbach Jeanne & Murray Bodin Jack & Lisa Brandreth Judy & Simeon Brinberg Richard & Cynthia Chrisman Caroline Corbin Walter Cudnohufsky Domaney’s Fine Wines & Spirits Walter & Mary Engels Foresight Land Services Carl & Elise Hartman Nathan & Liz Hoogs Marie Bidwell Leuchs Michael White Contractors, Inc. Jane & Richard Perin Diana Hitt Potter Joel Schick Jane & Martin Schwartz Annie Shaver-Crandell Katherine Shoemaker Stuart & Sheila Steiner Donald & Erica Stern Tryon Construction Barbara Tryon Don & Carol Welsch Old Manse Society - continued Mark & Liz Williams John & Mary Wood Patrons - $150-249 Maureen & Michael Banner Owen & Bebe Bernstein Allan Dean Natalie Denton Nancy Fitzpatrick Faith Heath Linda & Robert Hebert Esther & John Heffernan Ann & Peter Herbst John Humphrey Ken & Malinka Jackson Webster Jones Nancy Kalodner Sue Long Joseph Menker Basil & Jennifer Michaels Gail Natoli Douglas & Julie Neu Storrs & Shirley Olds Mary Parker Richard Roth Steven Rubin & Jean Moore Alan & Pamela Sandstrom Laura & Barry Weiss Connie Wilson Arthur K. Wing, III Benefactors - $100-149 Joann Bell & Douglas McTavish William Bell Bidwell Family Association Noel & Paula Blagg Sydney & Charles Brandwein Priscilla & Robert Brown Timothy Cage John & Linda Clarke Ann Cochrane Corashire Realty Cupboards & Roses Hilary & Philip Deely Clinton Elliott Marianne & Gray Ellrodt Chris & Ellen Fletcher Margaret Forthman Ronald Hanft Kenneth & Miriam Heyman, Jr. Margaret Howard Itochu International, Inc. Benefactors - continued Keator Group, LLC Lee Bank Yo-Yo Ma & Jill Horner Carey McIntosh & Joan Ferrante Monterey Library David Myers & Susan Cooper Donald & Lauria Puntin Lizbeth Sanchez & Rosanna Murray Dan Schulman & Jennie Kassanoff Marion & Leonard Simon FS Smithers Evelyn & Michael Solomon Jean St. Clair Ward’s Nursery David & Carolyn Wasserman Doris Wilson Windy Hill Farm, Inc. Friends Robert and Suzette Alsop Stuart & Barbara Bartle Betty & Bill Bean Larry Bravo Madeline Buerger Robert Bugley Gwynne & James Burkhardt James & Kay Carson Martin Cherneff Edward & Nadine Cohen Joan & Ari Deleuie Thomas & Therese Dillon Marcia & John Doelman Richard & Lynn Dowd Christine Doyle Stephen Dube Andrea DuBrow Michael & Susan Fisch Chris Fitch Susanne Fant Freeman Rebecca Friedman George & Cornelia Gilder Tracy Goodnow Gould Farm Joseph Gromacki Guido’s Barbara Hazen Owen Hoberman Alice Howell Sarah Hudson Jane Iredale Friends - continued Carolee Jervas Colleen Johnson Elizabeth Kramer Ellen Krupka Joan Kurber Lauren Goldfinger John B. Hull, III Celia Kittredge Muriel & Robert Lazzarini Barbara & Peter Leavy Ellen Leuchs Stephen Levy Wendy Linscott & Jim Lamme Luria Family Foundation Dan & Lisa Lutts Dennis Lynch Maurice Mandel Mrs. John McLennan Rev. Arthur Monk Nancy Monk Orlando Montano Ronald & Roberta Myers Nancy Nirenberg Georgiana O’Connell Ormsbee Gas Co. James Parrish Louise Perkins John & Jennifer Peterson Steve & Sally Pullen Martha & Richard Race John & Cheryl Raifstanger Catha & Viggo Rambusch Dr. & Mrs. Louis Rigali Deborah Rivers Paula Schutzmann Lester & Marilyn Shulklapper Elizabeth & Larry Silk Lonnie Solomon Wilma Spice Elisabeth & Virgil Stucker William Swan Elisabeth Tarner Russell & Cynthia Taylor Nancy Torrico Alice Truax Joe & Kristin von Korff Charles Wales Grace & Stephen Weinstein Simon & Setsuko Winchester Elizabeth Wolf Ellen Zimmerman Arthur Zollin, Jr. The Bidwell House Museum ‐ Spring 2011 ‐ 7 1 Thank you! Brian Andreoli for legal advice Andrus Power Solutions for parking lot lights David Dashiell for photography and graphic design Philip Deely for board consulting Ruth Green for garden leadership Colonial History Series: Stages of Life in the 1700s A lecture series by Prof. John Demos Demos, Samuel John Knight Professor of Ameri- can History Emeritus at Yale University and distinguished author, is returning for a series Roger Tryon for fence building of three talks on the stages of Michael White for advising on restoration life in the “colonial” period— Wild Bird Store for discounting bluebird houses with special emphasis on 18th century New England. The Minister and the Meetinghouse... continued from page 4 Join us for any one talk or register for the whole series —it is The ordination of Adonijah Bidwell as the township’s minister sure to be a fascinating program! Professor Demos will suggest was held on Wednesday, October 3, 1750, and presided over some readings, and discussion is invited in each session. Pre-registration is recommended. Reserve your place now! by Benjamin Cotton, minister from the Church in Hartford, CT—Adonijah Bidwell’s home town—and by the neighborSaturday, July 9—Birth & Childhood in Early America ing town’s ministers, Jonathan Hubbard and Thomas Strong, Saturday, July 16— Adult Life in Early America and with “messengers” Ebenezer Mix and Deacons James Saturday, July 30 — Old Age & Death in Early America Dewey, Nath’l Harmon, and Jonah Pixley. The Church of Christ in No. 1 was actually formed a All meetings will take place on Saturdays at 10 am at the Tyringweek before Adonijah Bidwell’s ordination. On September ham Union Church, Main Road, Tyringham (a 5-minute drive 25, 1750, the new church’s covenant was signed by eight men: from the Bidwell House Museum) Adonijah Bidwell, Pastor; John Chadwick; Ephraim Thomas; William Hale, Deacon; John Jackson, Deacon; Jabez Davis, RESERVATIONS FOR Deacon; Thomas Orton, Deacon; and David Everest. THE STAGES OF LIFE IN THE 1700s Rev. Adonijah Bidwell served as minister of the church and township for the rest of his life. During his 34 years Please register me / us for the following talks: of ministry in the township, his handwritten church records All 3 sessions: show the following: 101 people were inducted into member $40, or $25 for members #______ $______ ship of the church, 378 children and adults were baptized, 165 couples were married, and 244 people died, including Any one: two of Rev. Bidwell’s three wives. He delivered thousands July 9 $15, or $10 for members #______ $_______ of sermons (which he wrote, unfortunately, in untranslatJuly 16$15, or $10 for members #______ $_______ able shorthand). He presided over countless meetings, raised a family of four children, participated in the War of IndeJuly 30$15, or $10 for members #______ $_______ pendence, sold beef to the army, acted as Town Clerk for the Total amount #______ $_______ newly incorporated (in 1762) Town of Tyringham, and later fought with the Town of Tyringham for his minister’s salary. This was a turbulent and productive period in the history Name(s)_____________________________________ of our towns, our state, and our new nation, and Adonijah Address _____________________________________ Bidwell participated in every aspect—religious, social, and Town/City_________________________ State_____ economic—of this foundation. The year 1750 marked the turning point of the settlement of Township No. 1: the first Zipcode_________ Phone_____________________ proprietors’ meetings were actually held within the township, Email_______________________________________ the meeting house was being finished, the church was foundPlease return this form and payment to: ed, and Adonijah Bidwell was settled as the first minister. Bidwell House Museum PO Box 537 Monterey, MA 01245 — Robert Hoogs, President of the Board Helga Orthofer-Kaiser for consulting on education space P.O. Box 537, Monterey, MA 01245 413-528-6888/ fax 413-644-9997 bidwellhouse@gmail.com www.bidwellhousemuseum.org 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 2011 BOARD OF TRUSTEES Please Renew Your Membership Membership Benefits: All members receive the Bidwell House Museum Newsletter, invitations to all parties, discounts on lecture programs, a listing in the annual recognition of friends, and: ____ Individual: $35 - a season tour pass for 1 ____ Family/Dual: $75-99 - a season tour pass for 2 ____ Benefactor: $100-149 - a season tour pass for 2, plus 2 guest passes ____ Patrons: $150-249 - a season tour pass for 2, plus 4 guest passes ____ Old Manse Society: $250-499 - a season tour pass for 2, plus 6 guest passes and a pre-arranged private tour by the museum director ____ Hargis & Brush Circle: $500-1,499 - a season tour pass for 2, plus 8 guest passes and a personal invitation to view the private collections ____ The Bidwell Society: $1,500+ - a season tour pass for 2, plus 10 guest cards and approved use of museum grounds for a private event Name(s) ________________________________________________ Address _________________________________________ ____________________ Phone ______________________ Email ______________________________ Please send your tax-deductible donations by check to the museum at the address above, or donate by credit card on our website: www.bidwellhousemuseum.org Robert Hoogs, President Kathryn Roberts, Vice President Paula Leuchs Moats, Secretary Barbara Tryon, Treasurer Dr. Larry Birnbach John Demos Nancy Dinan Delight Dodyk George Emmons L. Chapin Fish Charles Flint Christine Goldfinger Richard Greene, MD Joseph Gromacki Colta Ives Nancy Jones David Walker-Price Donald Welsch MUSEUM STAFF Barbara Palmer, Executive Director Virginia Davidson, Administrative Manager Chris Caccamo, Caretaker Lauren Goldfinger, Webmaster
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