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Sample - WORLD News Group
+ Modern Noah and his big boat GOD ’ S W ORL D N E W S • Vo l. 2 , No. 5 • Feb ru ar y 2 0 1 3 COWBOY Dusty’s got your back (See p. 22) 5_Trak_V2_Cover.indd 1 1/15/13 7:45 PM Challenge College is more than classes and credits—it’s the time to be a leader. At BJU we believe leadership is more about who you are than what you know and what you can do. Through intentional experiences, we help you sharpen your leadership skills and challenge you to develop self-discipline, integrity, dependability and compassion for others—Christlike characteristics of a true leader. To learn how BJU can help you be a more effective leader, visit us at go.bju.edu/challenge. 2 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_ReplyAll.indd 2 For graduation rates, the median debt of students who completed the program and other important info visit on.bju.edu/rates. (13965) 11/12 POTENTIAL 2013 1/13/13 10:43 PM ReplyAll Harmless yoga? For graduation rates, the median debt of students who completed the program and other important info visit on.bju.edu/rates. (13965) 11/12 Inside a California elementary school, a gym class breathes deeply. They stretch and pose. Outside the classroom, parents protest. What’s all the fuss about? This year, the Encinitas Union School District began teaching yoga to 5,000 elementary-school students. Some parents objected because they believe the classes do more than provide an exercise outlet. They equate practicing yoga with teaching Eastern religion. Mary Eady refused to let her son take part in the yoga classes after she observed students doing a “sun salutation” in which children folded over in a bow, then swept their arms toward the sky. Eady believes students are learning to worship the sun. She says this violates her belief that God alone should be worshipped. “They’re not just teaching physical poses,” said Eady in an interview. “They’re teaching children how to meditate and how to look within for peace and comfort.” Dean Broyles, President of the National Center for Law and Policy, is the parents’ attorney. He may file a lawsuit if the school district doesn’t stop teaching yoga. In response, the school system has changed some of the names of the poses and positions in order to play down the spiritual elements of yoga. But for Broyles and the parents, that’s not enough. The program is being funded by a $533,000 grant from the Jois Foundation. The National Center for Law and Policy contends that the Jois Foundation is a religious organization. “The stated goal of the Jois Foundation is to promote the ‘gospel’ of Ashtanga, a deeply religious [Hindu] form of yoga, worldwide,” says The National Center for Law and Policy. The Encinitas school system says the program is simply part of a “wellness” curriculum that includes nutrition and a school garden. So does it really matter if schools use yoga? Administrators say kids behave better since beginning the yoga program. If yoga creates good results and offers good exercise, what’s the harm? The words of one principal in an Encinitas school may provide an answer. She says, “I have teachers who say that before a test now students do yoga to calm themselves so that they’re transferring [yoga] into the classroom, into their lives.” For students participating in the program, yoga, which is a practice of Hindu religion, is becoming a part of their lives, and many probably don’t even recognize it as Hinduism. Are they being indoctrinated in a religious belief—one that tells them to look inward for peace? Where are these kids who learn yoga in school more likely to turn when they face a problem—to God or to their “inner divinity”? Some Christians believe that yoga can be used for good. Programs like Holy Yoga, Scripture Yoga, and Yoga for Christians claim to use yoga to help people focus on Christ. Some change the position names and include praise music in the classes. But do these minor exterior changes convert yoga into a Christian practice? It may be instructive to look at what Hindus say about yoga. A former managing editor of Hinduism Today, Sannyasin Arumugaswami, says that Hindu sages developed yoga based on Hindu scriptures. “Yoga opens up new and more refined states of mind, and to understand them one needs to believe in and understand the Hindu way of looking at God,” he said. “A Christian trying to adapt these practices will likely disrupt their own Christian beliefs.” Christians need to be discerning, especially concerning religious practices. The poses in yoga have spiritual significance and pay homage to or even worship pagan deities. Christians must heed the scriptural command to “Be careful, or you will be enticed to turn away and worship other gods and bow down to them” (Deuteronomy 11:16).—J.P. Do you think public schools should use yoga in their curriculum? What are some possible good alternatives to practicing yoga for Christians? Send your response to TRAKeditor@gwnews.com. “The earth is the L’s and the fullness thereof; the world and those who dwell therein.” — : EDITOR Kim Stegall COVER AND P.3 PHOTOS: AP / ISTOCK MANAGING EDITOR Nat Belz CORPORATE Founder Joel Belz Publisher Howard Brinkman CEO Kevin Martin CUSTOMER SERVICE Customer Service Office 800.951.5437 Customer Service Manager Jim Chisolm ADVERTISING Advertising Office 828.232.5489 Director of Sales and Marketing Dawn Stephenson Account Executive Angela Scalli BOARD OF DIRECTORS God’s World Publications David Strassner (chairman) • Mariam Bell • Bryan Chapell Kevin Cusack • Richard Kurtz • Virginia Kurtz • Howard Miller • William Newton • Russell B. Pulliam • David Skeel • Nelson Somerville • Ladeine Thompson • Raymon Thompson • John Weiss • John White MISSION STATEMENT To provide news and interesting information for young people - biblically, appropriately, and vibrantly so they can grow in their understanding that God has the whole world in His hands. MEMBERS OF ECFA AND THE ASSOCIATED PRESS 3 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_ReplyAll.indd 3 HOW TO REACH US .. • gwnews.com To subscribe, renew, donate, change address, give a gift sub, etc.: Email traknews@gwnews.org Online gwnews.com Phone 800.951.5437 Write Trak, PO Box • Asheville, NC - TRAK / GOD’S WORLD NEWS (ISSN -) is published ten times per year - monthly (except May and December) by God’s World Publications, All Souls Crescent, Asheville, NC -. Telephone --. Subscriptions: $. per year for one subscription. Discounts for multiple subscriptions. Periodicals postage pending at Asheville, NC and additional mailing offices.Reproduction in whole or in part without written permission is prohibited. (circle-C) God’s World Publications. All rights reserved. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to God’s World News. Trak, PO Box , Asheville, NC -. 2013 1/13/13 10:43 PM Sidetraks Ahoy, mates! Israeli politics may just go to the pirates. That’s what the Israeli Pirate Party hoped when they entered the country’s late-January parliamentary election. The pirates’ leader is Ohad Shem-Tov, who arrived at parliament to register his motley band wearing a headscarf and a hooked hand. At his side was a blackbearded swashbuckler brandishing a skull and calling himself Noam Kuzarrr in an exaggerated pirate accent. The party’s plank—er, platform—includes a treasure trove of personal freedoms, including the rights to plagiarize and to sail the high seas. The party also seeks to reform democracy with three central bodies: a dozen captains on “the command bridge,” 120 sailors on “the deck” and the entire pirate nation aboard “the ship.” Shem-Tov insists, “This party is serious, even if we use a little humor and do it with a smile.” Times two Hair-raising On December 31, 2012, Aimee Bratten and Ashlee Dilts gave birth just two hours apart at the same Akron, Ohio, hospital. Both mothers had boy babies. The same doctor delivered both children. The boys, named Donavyn Scott Bratten and Aiden Lee Alan Dilts, were due about a week apart. But what made their nearly duplicate stories especially intriguing is that Aimee and Ashlee are identical twins. The new mothers were surprised at the double births. Matching moms and babies are doing fine. For Middle Eastern men whose whiskers won’t cut it in a mustache-conscious world, a handful of plastic surgeons have the answer. Turkey-based plastic surgeon Selahattin Tulunay offers a procedure that lifts hair from other parts of the head and grafts them above the upper lip to create a wispy, respect-generating ’stache. According to Tulanay, his grafted mustaches help whiskerless Arab men participate evenly in a society that judges men partly on the quality of their soup strainers. “For some men who look young and junior, they think [a mustache] is a must to look senior … more professional and wise,” he told CNN. “They think it is prestigious.” (Left, in a Turkish parade, a fake. Just in case you wondered.) PHOTOS: AP / ILLUSTRATION: KRIEG BARRIE FOR WORLD Chemical reaction School officials triggered a lockdown at a Florida high school in December after a student brought an amount of mercury into the building for a chemistry project. According to the Pinellas County Sheriff ’s office, a teacher assigned students to bring to class one of the materials found on the Periodic Table of Elements. The offending item containing mercury? A thermometer. 4 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Sidetraks.indd 4 2013 1/13/13 10:38 PM 1: Grave problem Construction workers spent years building around a single tomb site in the city of Taiyuan, China, because developers were unable convince the deceased person’s relatives to sell the land surrounding the gravesite. Construction left the burial mound standing almost 33 feet high in the middle of the reinforcement-bar-and-cement foundation. The family finally settled for 800 Yuan ($128). 1 2: By any other name Iceland is giving 15-year-old Blaer Bjarkardottir the cold shoulder. Why? Because her name, which means “light breeze” in Icelandic, isn’t on the official list of names approved by the government. Iceland isn’t the only country with strict laws about baby names—Germany and Denmark have similar rules. The government believes the list will protect children from embarrassment over strange or inappropriate names. For now, Blaer is identified legally only as “girl.” 3: Mole holes It’s dirty work, but someone’s gotta do it. The saying fits well of one of France’s oddest occupations: “molecatcher to the king.” Jerome Dormion loyally stalks the underground mammals at the famous Versailles palace near Paris lest the pests take over the grounds of Europe’s finest residence. Dormion smiles, “The king might be gone, but the palace still has moles, loads of them. Which is good, as it keeps me in work!” 4: Vulture vandals If you’re headed to the Everglades any time soon, you might want to pick up an “anti-vulture” kit at the park entrance. It seems that migrating vultures have a nasty habit of swiping sunroof seals, windshield wipers, and anything else made of rubber or vinyl from visitors’ cars. Employees at Everglades National Park noticed the vulture shenanigans slowed down after they distributed tarps and bungee cords to park visitors. 2 5: Lotto trouble PHOTOS: AP / ISTOCK Some folks will go to any level to make a buck. A 76-year-old man in Amsterdam, Netherlands, climbed into an underground waste paper container looking for a lottery ticket. The man feared he’d thrown the ticket away with other pieces of paper. Happily, passersby heard the elderly man calling for help and notified the police. He was rescued without injury. But the lottery ticket was not found. 6: Late date 6 A Scranton, Penn., newspaper received a U.S. Postal Service delivery this January—63 years late. A tube containing a 1950 Pennsylvania Railroad calendar along with a holiday greeting dated December 1949 arrived a little off-schedule at The Times-Tribune offices. The USPS explained that lost mail is sometimes found during office renovations. Whew! That’s some time between remodels! 5 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Sidetraks.indd 5 3 2013 1/13/13 10:39 PM JOHAN’S Ark COPY 2 Tall as a seven-story building and longer than football field, a gigantic floating structure hulks over the Dutch landscape. 6 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_CoverStory.indd 6 2013 1/13/13 10:31 PM NewsTrak Johan Huibers’ craft attracts boatloads of attention. It’s rather a shock to see such a big wooden vessel moored in the waters off Dordrecht in the Netherlands. The greybrown curiosity is easily visible from a nearby highway. What has become known as Johan’s Ark was 20 years in the making. In 1992, Huiber had a nightmare about flooding in the Netherlands, a somewhat com- Did these cows not get the message on double occupancy? mon occurrence. When he awoke, he seized upon the idea of building an ark like Noah’s. “We want to tell people about God,” Huibers told a French global news organization. “We wanted to build something that can help explain the Bible in real terms.” Huibers built his first ark in 2004. Half the size of Noah’s famous boat, it attracted many tourists. Money from the first ark helped finance his real dream—a life-sized Noah’s ark. In 2008, Huibers started building his second ark and completed it in December 2012. A Bible-believing Christian, Huibers followed exactly the 7 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_CoverStory.indd 7 2013 1/16/13 9:14 AM Noah’s Flood Found? Oceanographer Robert Ballard is world-famous for finding shipwrecks. Most notably, he discovered the wreckage of Titanic on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean in 1985. Now he thinks he may have found evidence of something even bigger than Titanic: the biblical flood. Ballard and his team have uncovered an ancient shoreline 400 feet below the surface of the Black Sea. Using underwater robots, the team members are mapping the landscape. They’ve discovered the remains of houses made of mud and wood. They’ve also found polished stone tools and pieces of ceramic. Ballard doesn’t think the remnants of the civilization he’s found prove that Noah lived in that location. But he believes that the area was hit by a huge flood about 7000 years ago. What makes him think so? Today, the Black Sea is filled with saltwater. But his team discovered freshwater shells on the ancient shoreline dating from the time of the biblical flood. The evidence has led Ballard to believe that melting glaciers caused oceans to rise, which in turn caused disastrous floods. His scenario is that around 5000 B.C. the Mediterranean Sea rose and seawater flooded the Black Sea. He estimates such a flood’s force at 200 times that of the water rushing over Niagara Falls. He believes about 58,000 square miles of land (about the size of Illinois) went under and stayed under. As far as Ballard is concerned, this proves only that a major flood occurred in that location and that people lived there when it happened. Now what? Ballard doesn’t think his team ever actually will find Noah’s ark. (It almost certainly would have rotted away after 7000 years.) What if the ark were found? Would scientists be forced to admit that the Bible is true? Mankind’s history tells us that even if the ark were found, for most people, it would change nothing. The Bible is replete with stories of eyewitnesses to Christ and his miracles, yet “they still would not believe” (John 12:37). Nothing but the grace of God changes hearts and minds. PHOTOS: NASA / AP Ballard believes the Black Sea (shown here by NASA satellite) had a shoreline 400 feet below its current one, possibly indicating a massive deluge thousands of years ago. instructions God gave Noah in Genesis 6-9 to build his ark. The result is a 427-foot-long, 95-footwide ark that is 75 feet tall. Inside, the ship’s main hold is divided into many stalls. The stalls are filled with realisticlooking animals. Another section of the ark contains a petting zoo with live animals including ponies, sheep, and rabbits. Below, hatches open into huge food-storage spaces. The ark also contains a restaurant, conference rooms, and a movie theater. On each level there are displays from the 8 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_CoverStory.indd 8 life of Noah and Middle Eastern history, as well as interactive games. Huibers’ extraordinary craft is seaworthy, and he is considering where to take it next. Wherever that is, he hopes it will make people consider their purpose on Earth, and ask eternal questions. —J.P. 2013 1/13/13 10:34 PM Code breaker Lucas Mason-Brown isn’t a cryptologist. He isn’t a seminary student interested in early American Puritan theology. He isn’t even a Rhode Island history buff, although he does hail from New England. Mason-Brown is a serious math fanatic. So when he heard about a strange-looking code filling the margins of a 17th-century book in Brown University’s library, he figured his math prowess might be just the thing for unearthing something revelatory about the author. The “Essay” A note accompanying the book “An Essay Concerning the Reconciling of Differences among Christians” suggested the code was written by none other than Roger Williams, co-founder of Rhode Island and hometown hero in Providence. The undecipherable Williams Code was well ensconced in Providence-area lore and had long held the attention of Brown University researchers. In 2011, after scholars failed to decode Williams’ notes, Brown University opened the challenge to students. Math major Mason-Brown signed on to the project. He spent his winter break getting a jumpstart. First, he tried frequency analysis—looking at the frequency of letters or groups of letters. That gave him a “foothold,” he says. He got his first big break when he learned that Williams had been trained in shorthand when working for the courts in London. Williams used that training to create his own shorthand. Once MasonBrown discovered this important fact, he was able to figure out Williams’ system. The colonial minister’s Mason-Brown code uses 28 symbols that stand for a combination of English letters or sounds. But—along with Williams’ messy handwriting—Mason-Brown ran into another huge problem. Williams didn’t always stick to his symbols. He often improvised. Still Mason-Brown had enough information to begin translating small portions of the notes. He and other students figured out that the 234-page book contained three different sections of notes. Two sections are notes on other books, 9 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_CoverStory.indd 9 a medical book and a geography book. But the third is 20 pages of Williams’ original thoughts on infant baptism. “To have a major new source, a major new document, from Roger Williams is a big deal,” says former Brown University Library Director Edward Widmer. Mason-Brown has no plans to become a professional code-breaker. But he says he did enjoy collaborating with students and professors in other disciplines to solve a longstanding mystery.—J.P./K.S. 2013 1/13/13 10:35 PM BusinessTrak All in a day’s work A Thai coffee harvester shows his day’s collection of beans. Americans Ryan and Asleigh Nelson sit overlooking a herd of elephants outside a luxury resort in Thailand. They are there to enjoy the view and to sample a rare brand of coffee made from the dung of elephants at the Golden Triangle Elephant Foundation. Yes, really. The exotic brew is called Black Ivory Coffee, and it sells for about $50 per serving or $500 per pound, making it among the world’s priciest. But don’t try to order this coffee at your local Starbucks. For now the elephant coffee is available only at a few luxury hotels in remote corners of the world—northern Thailand, the Maldives and Abu Dhabi. By now you probably have lots of questions. Here’s what happens: Thai elephants eat coffee beans. One day later, harvesters pluck the beans from the dung of the giant pachyderms. The beans are then roasted, ground, and made into a shockingly expensive cup of joe. Evidently, a reaction inside the elephant’s stomach creates what Black Ivory’s founder calls the coffee’s unique taste. “When an elephant eats coffee, its stomach acid breaks down the protein found in coffee, which is a key factor in bitterness,” said Blake Dinkin, who has A tourist tests the brew.. spent $300,000 developing the coffee. After a thorough washing, the coffee cher“You end up with a cup that’s very smooth ries are processed to extract the beans, without the bitterness of regular coffee.” which are taken to a gourmet roaster in An elephant’s gastrointestinal system Bangkok. takes 15-30 hours to digest food. The The verdict on how the strange coffee beans stew away with the bananas, sugar tastes may still be out for the Nelsons, who cane, palm fronds, tree bark, and gastric describe it as “something different . . . juices in the elephant’s stomach, infusing something wild” and “very interesting, an earthy-fruity flavor, says Dinkin. Dinkin has a background in kopi luwak, very novel.” As for the elephants, they’re making 8 a coffee-processing method involving the percent of Black Ivory Coffee’s sales— excrement of the weasel-like civet. just for doing what comes naturally. “My theory is that a natural fermenta- 10 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Business.indd 10 PHOTOS: AP tion process takes place in the elephant’s gut,” said Dinkin. “That fermentation imparts flavors you wouldn’t get from other coffees.” Dinkin was at first worried about whether his experiment would harm the elephants. But tests revealed that the behemoths got no buzz whatsoever from the caffeine jolt. Dinkin worked with a Canadian-based veterinarian, who ran blood tests on zoo elephants to ensure the elephants would not be harmed. What makes Black Ivory so expensive? Well, it takes about 72 pounds of raw coffee cherries to produce just two pounds of Black Ivory coffee. The majority of the beans get chewed up, broken, or lost in tall grass after being excreted. And Dinkin’s process is labor-intensive. He uses pure Arabica beans handpicked by hill-tribe women from a small mountain estate. Workers collect the dung, break it open and pick out the coffee. 2013 1/13/13 10:46 PM Juicy idea With many Americans trying to make more healthy food choices in the new year, PepsiCo Inc. is out to capitalize on the trend. Choosing fewer sugary foods and drinks is a good start to healthy eating, and incorporating more veggies usually tops many people’s resolution list. Veggies and fruit in disguise Now a new juice blend from Tropicana is becoming available at stores around the country. Called Farmstand, the nutrient-packed drink is being marketed as a way for moms to slip some vegetables into their kids’ diets. After the Campbell’s Soup Company scored with their V-8 V-Fusion line of veggies-in-disguise beverages, Tropicana decided to jump into the camouflaged vegetable juice business. Tropicana is hoping Farmstand juices will catch consumers’ attention because it will be sold in the refrigerated section of the grocery store—unlike V-8’s product, which is shelf-stable because of its pasteurization process. “Chilled is very important,” asserts Tropicana’s chief market- PHOTOS: AP / BRANDYOURSELF Online clean-up Have you ever Googled yourself? If not, you ought to check out what comes up when someone types your name into a search engine. If you share a name with someone else in the world, you might be surprised what “you” have been up to. Prospective employers often used search engines and social networking sites to prescreen potential hires. And when unprofessional, illegal, or inappropriate material pops up, employers simply hit the delete button. With this in mind, Syracuse University began providing its graduates with online tools to help them put their best Web foot forward. After initially supplying BrandYourself accounts only to graduating seniors last spring, Syracuse struck a deal with the company to offer accounts to all of its undergraduate and graduate students and alumni for free. About 25,000 people have taken advantage of the service. ing officer Memo Maqulvar, adding that refrigeration “signals high quality, it signals premium, it signals freshness.” It took about eight months of testing to find the right blend of juice to mask much of the vegetable taste. And Tropicana officials admit that the juice is “a little bit of a different experience.” Tropicana tried cucumbers, zucchini, and tomatoes. But the vegetables that worked best with fruit were carrots, sweet potatoes, and beets. An 8-ounce serving contains 120 calories and 28 grams of sugar—about the same as a glass of regular orange juice. The initial Farmstand flavors will highlight the fruit content. Pomegranate-blueberry, strawberry-banana, and peach-mango juices are the first to hit store shelves. Farmstand’s juice bottles show images of delicious fruits out front, with the sneaky vegetables hiding behind the label. Tropicana will spend almost $30 million advertising the new juice this spring. The message to moms is this: “Turn Your Kids into Veggie Lovers.” Rochester University and Johns Hopkins also offer the online tool to their students. The service is free and sends Googlers directly to a positive, professional image complete with photo, degree specifics, and credentials. Services like the one offered at these schools are becoming popular because of studies indicating that many employers Google work applicants, and—here’s the scary part—don’t click past the first page of results. “The first item on our ‘five things to do before you graduate’ list is ‘clean up your online 11 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Business.indd 11 profile,’” says Lisa Severy, a career development expert. “We call it the grandma test — if you don’t want her to see it, you probably don’t want an employer to, either.” The tool doesn’t get rid of damaging information, but it does put the best material front and center. BrandYourself works by analyzing a user’s online profile. Once the program determines where positive information about a user appears in a Google search, it suggests ways to boost that ranking—that is, move the good stuff up on the list. “It’s becoming more and more important for students to be aware of and able to manage their online presence,” advises Mike Cahill, Syracuse’s career services director, “to be able to have strong, positive things come up on the Internet when someone seeks them out.” 2013 1/13/13 10:46 PM Behindtheheadline Cocoa loco Bitter or sweet, dark or white, studded with bacon or sprinkled with gold flecks, candy connoisseurs the world over eat chocolate every way imaginable. And it is big business. To chocolate producers in Venezuela trying to survive under a teetering socialist government, it’s very serious business. Government regulations and takeovers worry even the largest producer, Chocolates El Rey. Sugary Beginnings From the time that the Aztec warrior Montezuma introduced a spicy-sweet chocolate drink to Spanish explorer All in the Process Not all chocolate is created equal. The best flavors and textures require exact scientific know-how and finely tuned artisanal skills. The product we know as chocolate 12 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_BTH.indd 12 AP / ARIANA CUBILLOS / OPPOSITE PAGE: THE STAR TRIBUNE, RICHARD TSONG-TAATA rii This cacao pod from the forest-shaded plantations of Venezuela will be transformed into some of the world’s finest chocolate. El Rey has been exporting chocolate to the U.S. since 1995. Now, with the nation’s number one chocolate-gifting holiday right around the corner, all eyes—and taste buds—are craving the delectable confection. Hernán Cortés in the 16th century, people have been crazy for chocolate. A study by the International Cocoa Organization reveals that U.S. consumers gobble about 20 percent of the world’s chocolate—for a grand total of over eleven pounds of chocolate per person per year. The chocolate industry earns about $83 billion per year. During Valentine’s week alone, U.S. retailers sell $345 million—58 million pounds—of chocolate! 2013 1/13/13 10:42 PM chocolates contain about 50%, and white chocolate only about 35% (cocoa butter only). Some mass-produced chocolate uses as little as 7% cocoa and includes vegetable oils (instead of cocoa butter) and artificial flavorings that attempt to hide low-quality beans and inferior fermentation or roasting processes. After blending the chocolate, manufacturers place the chocolate liquid into a container that grinds and heats it. Hydraulic presses extract remaining cocoa butter from the liquid. The process, called “conching,” produces particles smaller than the human tongue can feel. The longer the conching, the smoother the chocolate. The finest chocolates are conched for up to 72 hours. Lesser quality chocolates are conched for as little as four to six hours. Chocolate makers may re-add cocoa butter to control texture, melting tem- Even though the beans are now dry, much work lies ahead to turn them into creamy chocolate. comes from dried and partly fermented seeds of the cacao tree. This small evergreen is native to South America and grows best in countries near the equator, making El Rey perfectly situated for chocolate production. There are three main varieties of cacao bean used for making chocolate: forastero, trinitario, and criollo. Of these, chocolate connoisseurs prize criollo beans for their complex taste and rarity. Beaten and Broken Processing chocolate requires a great deal of labor. First, ripe cacao (or cocoa) pods are harvested by hand—usually by beating the brightly colored pods off the trees with a stick or cutting them off with a machete. Harvesters break the pods open and remove the seeds and white pulp. Each pod contains 30-40 seeds, and it takes about 400 seeds to make a pound of chocolate. They allow the seedy mush to ferment, producing acids and bacterias that give each chocolate a unique taste. Dried and Shipped Cocoa producers like El Rey prefer to place fermented beans in the sun to dry. Weather permitting, the drying takes five Left: Even as Venezuela’s premier chocolate maker, Chocolates El Rey has won international acclaim, it has also had to cope with a host of obstacles brought on by President Hugo Chavez’s government. El Rey used to go through just four bureaucratic steps to export a shipment. Now the list of requirements has grown to more than 50. Here a worker spreads out cacao seeds on a concrete patio for sun-drying in Cano Rico, Venezuela. to seven days, then harvesters ship them to manufacturing plants where workers remove debris from the dried beans and roast and grade them according to quality. Machines remove the bean shells and extract the cocoa nibs, which are ground and liquefied to make pure liquid chocolate called chocolate liquor. The liquor can then be separated into two parts, cocoa butter and cocoa solids. Candy makers can use simple chocolate liquor for certain sweets. But if they need blocks of chocolate, the liquor WHAT CHOCOLATE IS REALLY FOR. At the campfire by the must go through further snowtubing hill in Burnsville, Minn., Zachary Asher, 8, processing. keeps warm by drinking some hot chocolate. Secret Recipes In order to make different types of chocolate, manufacturers blend chocolate liquor with differing amounts of cocoa butter. These blends make up the three basic types of chocolate: DARK CHOCOLATE = cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, sugar, vanilla MILK CHOCOLATE = cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, sugar, vanilla, milk WHITE CHOCOLATE = cocoa butter, sugar, vanilla, milk Chocolate makers devise special formulas for their signature confections. Fine dark chocolates usually contain at least 70% cocoa butter and solids; milk 13 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_BTH.indd 13 perature, and taste of the product. The kneading action of the machine regulates the size and type of crystals in the chocolate and creates a smoother consistency. Before it becomes a solid block, chocolate must be tempered. This involves intervals of heating, cooling, and reheating to help the cocoa butter reach its most stable form. After tempering, the chocolate is poured into molds that run over vibrating tables and through cooling tunnels. The tables and tunnels further smooth and stabilize the chocolate. At tunnels’ end, a block of chocolate pops from the mold. Mmmmmm. Just in time for Valentine’s Day.—Kim Stegall with material from Explore!, used by permission. 2013 1/13/13 10:42 PM WE ARE We are a campus of Christians where we can be ourselves while becoming who God wants us to be. We are students who are ambitious, inquisitive, and loving. We are a faculty committed to rigorous academics and evangelical faith. We are a community dedicated to engaging Christ’s kingdom and all it has to offer through scholarship, discipleship, and service. LEARN MORE AT WWW.WHEATON.EDU 14 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_BTH.indd 14 2013 1/13/13 10:43 PM BigIdeas Choosing to sing 45 years ago a teenager named Joni dove into shallow water, breaking her neck. The accident left her a quadriplegic and led to her conversion. Since that day, she has spent her time encouraging people who suffer physically and spiritually. This is part of Joni Eareckson Tada’s recent interview with Marvin Olasky in which she shares her spirit-filled outlook on life. AP / PHOTOILLUSTRATION NAT BELZ Does depression still ensnare you at times? Are you happy? I make myself be happy. I make myself sing because I have to. The alternative is too frightening. My girlfriends will tell you, in the morning when I wake up, I know they’ll be coming into my bedroom to give me a bed bath, do my toileting routines, pull up my pants, put me in the wheelchair, feed me breakfast, and push me out the front door. I lie there thinking (gagging noise), “Oh God, I cannot face this. I’m so tired of this routine. My hip is killing me. I’m so weary. I don’t know how I’m going to make it to lunchtime. I have no energy for this day. God, I can’t do quadriplegia. But I can do all things through You as You strengthen me. So God, I have no smile for these girlfriends of mine who are going to come in here with a happy face. Can I please borrow Your smile? I need it, desperately. I need You.” Our weakness, God’s strength. I hate the prospect of having to face the day with paralysis. I choose the Holy Spirit’s help because I don’t want to go down that grim, dark path to depression any more. That’s the biblical way to wake up in the morning, the only way to wake up in the morning. No wonder the Apostle Paul said, “Boast in your afflictions.” Don’t be ashamed of them. Don’t think you have to hide them and gussy yourself up before 5_Trak_V2_BigIdeas.indd 15 God in the morning so that He’ll be happy with you and see that you’re really believing in Him. ... Admit you can’t do this thing called life. Then cast yourself at the mercy of God and let Him show up through your weakness because that’s what He promises—2 Corinthians 12:9. Who are the handicapped? Maybe the really handicapped people are the ones who wake up in the morning, hit the alarm, take a quick shower, scarf down breakfast, give God a speedy tip of a hat of a quiet time, and then zoom out the door on automatic cruise control. Like, “I accepted you as my Savior, Jesus, way back when. I put my sins on the counter in exchange for an asbestos-lined soul. I got this Christian thing figured out. I’ll check in with You now and then, but I can pretty much do it on my own.” God says if you live this way He’s against you—James 4:6, He’s against the proud, those who’ve got it all figured out, but He gives grace to the humble. The humble are... People who wake up in the morning knowing they can’t do this thing called life without the divine help of the Savior. That makes my disability such an advantage. I’m so blessed to have it force me into the arms of Christ every morning, because I know my human inclination is not to go to the cross every morning. It’s to turn my head on the pillow and pull the covers up and not face the day. What you’re saying about hard mercy makes a lot of sense to Christians—but what about non-Christians who ask you to put together a good God with terrible occurrences? How do you talk with them about God’s sovereignty in your personal situation? Always with what the Bible calls reasonable sweetness, savoring my conversation with salt. I get into an elevator with a bunch of people who see the lady in the wheelchair, smiling and humming “Amazing Grace.” They can connect the dots: lady in wheelchair singing “Amaz- 15 T R A K “Why doesn’t God just eradicate suffering all together? If He were to eradicate suffering, He’d have to eradicate sin in which suffering has its roots. And if He were to eradicate sin, He’d have to eradicate sinners.” ing Grace.” It’s a compelling support for the gospel. If people want to get into discussion with me about the sovereignty of God, I will tell them front and center that God doesn’t like spinal cord injury. He takes no pleasure in multiple sclerosis or children born with spina bifida. John Piper talks about how God looks at suffering through two lenses. He looks at the isolated incident of suffering through a narrow lens and loathes it. His heart loathes it when you go through a divorce. His heart aches when you give birth to that child with multiple disabilities. He hates the isolated lens of suffering. But He delights in the wide-angle lens. He sees the mosaic. He sees how it all fits together into this incredible pattern for not only our good, but the good of all those around us and for His glory. I’m grateful that God is sovereign. His fingers hold back a deluge of evil in this world. I’m grateful that He only allows to slip through His sovereign fingers that which He’s convinced will help our souls and fit us better for eternity. FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:48 PM DesignTrak New balance Is it a radical Segway, a souped-up scooter, or a motorized unicycle? The short answer is that the RYNO is all of the above. The long answer involves the RYNO’s being a bike for people who have always harbored a secret desire to ride a real, grown-up motorcycle but are just a bit worried about the whole safety issue. RYNO Motors calls its sleek, futuristic-looking contraption a self-balancing, one-wheeled, multi-use electric scooter. The RYNO (an acronym for “Ride Your New Opportunity”) allows a rider to go almost anywhere a pedestrian can go because of the bike’s relatively small size and excellent maneuverability. Not intended to replace motorcycles, the RYNO is meant for slower, shorter urban jaunts. As for portability, users can transport and park the 125-pound RYNO almost anywhere they can place a bicycle. And it looks super cool. Complete with turn signals and brake lights, the head-turning RYNO attempts to solve “the short distance commuting challenges of individuals, government, and industrial customers” but still deliver “an excitMax speed: 20 mph ing and enjoyable riding Max range: 30 miles on level experience” according to ground (less on hilly terrain) RYNO’s Facebook page. Battery type: slide-out lithium ion RYNO Motors founder Recharge time: 1 ½ hours Chris Hoffman is a Tire: 25” outer diameter Portland, Oregon-based Seat height: 32” high-tech machinery and Cost: approximately $4500 product designer. The RYNO concept 16 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Design.indd 16 PHOTOS: AP / MURATA MANUFACTURING CO. RYNO’s specs 2013 1/13/13 10:47 PM Slick, huh? Made for frightful weather Strains of “Let It Snow! Let It Snow!” may be ringing in the ears of Texas snowplow drivers currently experimenting with simulator technology that allows them to “practice” navigating the slippery white stuff. The North Texas Tollway Authority has been holding training classes to help snowplow drivers in their mostly flurry-free state get used to handling icy winter conditions if and when they happen. At lease nine other states also make use of the sophisticated L-3 DPA snowplow simulators. The machines are customizable to city or suburban settings as well as day or night conditions. The simulator works much like a video game. It recreates the feeling of driving on snow and ice and allows operators to practice snow removal no matter what the weather outside. Each snowplow simulator has three 3D video screens— each one somewhat obscured by frost, a steering wheel, came from a discussion Hoffman had with his thirteen-year-old daughter. She asked whether he could build a single-wheeled motorcycle like the one she’d seen in a video game. At first, Hoffman couldn’t brake and accelerator pedals, and a switch for the plow blade. Drivers traverse a curvy virtual road specially devised to make them slip-slide around. They must drive the Red letters let drivers know when they’ve made contact. icy roads while avoiding simulated deer and pedestrians. If drivers make impact with imagine what the machine would look like. Then she drew it for him—and the RYNO was born. Hoffman describes his invention as “a personal transportation product that’s in 17 T R A K J A N U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Design.indd 17 an obstacle, the windshield cracks and displays the word “COLLISION.” Simulator training has proven effective in many real-world situations. So while they may hate going out in the storm, simulatortrained crews can be ready for anything. between the cracks of urban transportation.” Production on the RYNO begins this year with a number of prototype bikes already creating a buzz in various cities around the country.—Kim Stegall 2013 1/13/13 10:47 PM SHORT NEWS OF THE HUMAN RACE Invasion or protection? Drug deals Students and parents at two Texas schools are facing some interesting questions: Does new microchip technology violate their civil and religious rights? And how much control should someone give over to a government entity? For 15-year-old Andrea Hernandez and her family, the answer is clear. They believe that the chips embedded in students’ identification cards not only invade student privacy but they also represent a sacrilege to the Hernandez’s Christian faith. The Northside Independent School District in San Antonio, Texas, has been experimenting with tracking microchips since classes began in August. The chips are embedded in student ID badges at two schools. The “locator” chips use radiofrequency identification (RFID) transmitters to track the exact location of the 4,200 students on its campuses—including in the locker rooms and restrooms. For some people, that’s a problem. A Virginia-based civil rights group, The Rutherford Institute, and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) have protested the move by schools to keep track of their students. The chips that Andrea is protesting have been used “successfully” for years—in China. The schools say the decision to use the so-called Smart ID’s was made with efficiency and safety in mind. The chips allow for accurate counts of students in case of a lockdown or locating students during an emergency. However, most agree that the main benefit of the microchips was financial: The chips represent a potential $1.7 million in funds. The school receives financial aid for every student who is in school. The chips “prove” a student was in attendance. As for Andrea Hernandez, John Jay High School offered to remove the microchip but still required her to wear her ID badge. That wasn’t good enough for the Hernandez family. They said that wearing the badge was like submitting to a false god because the card itself made it seem like she agreed with the system. A January ruling by U.S. District Judge Orlando Garcia said that the school’s removal of the RFID chip eliminated Hernandez’s grounds for legal religious objection and that Hernandez would be required to wear the chipless badge. Do you think embedded microchips could violate a person’s conscience or privacy rights? What would you do if you found yourself in a situation in which you believed your religious convictions were under attack? Send your response to TRAKeditor@ gwnews.com.. Feds vs. states over new laws 18 T R A K 5_Trak_V2_PostsB.indd 18 The law of the United States declares that marijuana is illegal. That includes the possession, use, or sale of the drug. But some people do not agree with the law. They think that individual citizens or states should decide what do about marijuana. In the November elections voters in Colorado and Washington legalized the possession of small amounts of marijuana. That means that state law now conflicts with federal law. President Barack Obama says that the U.S. government will not pursue individuals who use marijuana. But the Justice Department must decide whether to prosecute states and businesses that allow marijuana trafficking. In Washington the new law allows people over age 21 to possess one ounce or less of marijuana but prohibits them from selling it. Colorado lawmakers must discuss regulations about growing marijuana. Both states must figure out how to keep underage users from getting the drug. Elsewhere, legislators are deciding how to handle a drug-legalization trend since the measures passed in Colorado and Washington may pave the way for similar laws in their states. It should be no surprise that laws change. In a democratically based government, laws often evolve as public opinions about morality shift. Once, the majority of Americans believed that using marijuana and other “recreational” drugs was not acceptable. Now citizens—Christians and non-Christians alike—find themselves polarized regarding drug legalization. Some believe that marijuana use can be allowed—or to let states decide for themselves. After all, legalizing makes the substance open to regulation and taxation. Decriminalizing means police can focus on more urgent crime. Others resist legalization efforts because they believe absolute truth—not shifting morals—should shape a nation’s legal code. P.20 .> AP / SHIUTTERSTOCK Posts FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:55 PM Hard to believe, but there it is . . . all spread out. ACQUITTED An Egyptian court found former culture minister Farouq Hosni not guilty of failing to report million of his wealth. Hosni was culture minister for most of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak’s year-rule. Dozens of former politicians and officials faced corruption trials following the ouster of Mubarek. CRASHED PHOTOS: AP / SHUTTERSTOCK / NAT BELZ Six Russian citizens were killed and two seriously injured in a sledding accident at Mount Cermis in northern Italy. The group was riding a snowmobile and a sled which veered off a closed ski slope, slamming into a barrier and becoming airborne before crashing into a ravine. The incident took place the night before the Tour di Ski World Championships, some events of which were held on the same slope. on paper at least—the world’s happiest people. Panama and Paraguay topped the list. Singapore, a wealthy and welldeveloped country, reported the least positive emotions. CODED Curators at Bletchley Park, Great Britain’s National Codes and Cipher Centre, are trying to decode a message found in the chimney of a house in Surrey, England. A tiny red cylinder on the leg bone of a carrier pigeon skeleton held a slip of paper on which is written what is thought to be a World War II message. Historians believe it came from Nazi-occupied France during the D-Day invasion. PEDDLED Former vice-president Al Gore sold his percent stake in Current TV, a left-leaning cable news network, to Al-Jazeera, the Qatar-owned global Arab media network. Staffers at Current wasted no time pointing out the irony of the biggest Clean-Green-Energy proponent selling out to Big Oil. POSTED Israel recently launched a digital library of , Dead Sea Scroll fragments in a partnership with Google. Parts of POLLED A recent Gallup Inc. poll of nearly , people in countries says seven of the world’s countries with the most upbeat attitudes are in Latin America, making them— 5_Trak_V2_PostsB.indd 19 Tungurahua keeps on chugging. 19 T R A K F E B R U A R Y Genesis and Deuteronomy (including the Ten Commandments) are available for Internet users to view. CHALLENGED A data protection group in Germany is threatening to penalize Facebook if the social networking company doesn’t bend its “no-fake-names policy” in the country. The group contends that requiring real names breaks German law designed to protect free online speech. Facebook says the demand is “without merit.” BLASTED Following warnings of increased volcanic activity, people living near the Tungurahua volcano in central Ecuador were evacuated in December. For several weeks the volcano repeatedly shot lava, blasted hot rock and gas, and sent ashes in a giant plume over the area. The intermittent explosions were accompanied by loud bangs and shock waves. 2013 1/13/13 10:55 PM Remote readers “A-B-C-D.” Rhythmic chants of the English alphabet seem unlikely sounds in this small Ethiopian village where children sleep alongside cows in mud huts. “B-i-r-d” writes one precocious child with his finger. The learning is due to a gift of 20 tablet computers to the village by a group called One Laptop Per Child. The Ethiopia tablet donation is part of an experiment being conducted by researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. When researchers dropped off boxed tablets in Wenchi, Ethiopia, they were amazed at how quickly the children tore into the packages and began learning on their own. “The kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia project. Eight-year-old Kelbesa Negusse was the first to turn on his Motorola Xoom tablet. He tapped and swiped at the screen and listened to words like “awesome” said in response to his efforts. He quickly figured out how to enable What price beauty? Twenty-four-year-old Surasit Areesamarn is on his third nose. Not content with his original Thai version, he had cosmetic surgery several years ago to change it to what he calls a “Western” one. Now he’s decided to get a Korean nose, which is flatter at the top and more pointed toward the end, he explains. “It’s like changing shoes,” Areesamarn says. “You want the fashionable model.” Other young professionals sitting nearby in a Bangkok café laughingly point out that most of their friends no longer have their original faces. It’s no laughing matter for 25-yearold Ratphila Chairungkit, who has spent 1/5 of her life being carved up by elective cosmetic surgeries. Most of Chairungkit’s two eye-widen- the Xoom’s camera, which researchers had disabled in order to save memory. Wenchi’s children love using the computers. “I think if you gave them food and water they would never leave the computer room,” said Teka Kumula, who charges the tablets at a nearby solar station. The project promotes reading to learn, not just learning to read. If that happens, says Keller, “We will have proven you can actually reach these kids and change the way that they ... look at the world.” The hope is that the project will prove that technology can change lives—especially in remote or poor areas. ing surgeries, two nose jobs, lip shaping, chin enlargement, skin whitening procedures and Botox-like injections were done at unlicensed, illegal clinics. Chairungkit hoped to look like Jennifer Lopez. But bumpy eyelids, a droopy chin, and a swollen nose made her look “like a witch,” she says. Since then she’s endured painful and expensive corrective surgeries and is content with her face— even if it looks nothing like the pop star. Thailand swarms with cheap but risky pseudo-clinics partly because of low prices and partly because of how Thai society defines beauty. Thais generally look down on ethnic facial features associated with the lower classes. Chairungkit’s attitude reflects this. “I used to look like a factory worker,” she says. “With a better face, you have better chances in life.” Sadly, not all of Thailand’s cosmetic surgery victims survive. Recently a woman died from a botched injection. Her death focused attention on the illegal beauty industry and caused a government crackdown in which authorities arrested 20 T R A K 5_Trak_V2_PostsB.indd 20 (Cont. from p. 19) Whether we agree or disagree with the new legislation, Christians have a different source for evaluating laws. In 1 Corinthians 10, Paul encourages his readers with this truth: “Everything is permissible, but not everything is beneficial.” Paul is affirming that no action can take grace away from those who are in Christ; however, he also asserts that even in the freedom of a secure salvation, some actions, activities, or objects have no merit. According to U.S. law, drug use is becoming permissible. But is there anything worthwhile to be gained if you take part? The answer is, clearly, “No.” Ratphila Chairungkit admits having undergone several cosmetic surgeries by unlicensed “doctors.” nearly 40 illegal practitioners. But as many as 200 are still in business. Black market rates for cosmetic procedures are $30 for Botox and $50 for filler injections, a popular method for elevating the nose bridge. In licensed Bangkok clinics, injections range from $150-$400. The chief adviser to the Public Health Minister in Bangkok, laments, “When people go to illegal clinics like this, it is very easy to get an infection—and sometimes it is easy to die.” FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:56 PM Gin Walker, a New Orleans partier, celebrated a doomsday that never came. Doom buster Another Doomsday has come and gone. December 21, 2012, was a source of wide speculation since it became known that a 5125-year cycle carved into an ancient Mayan stone calendar ended that day. There have been Doomsday prophets since early Roman times. Since then, scholars have tried making predictions about the end of the world from the book of Daniel. Con-men and cult leaders manipulate catastrophes, planetary alignments, economic conditions, and people’s own fears to rally followers. Sci- entists and environmentalists presume that human action could destroy all of humanity. However, as 12/21 approached, the idea of doomsday became more comic than cosmic. It was a favorite punch line as people wondered whether “always open” 7/11 stores and Waffle Houses would be closed on December 22. Crowds of people gathered for the non-event. At the ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza, about 20,000 tourists chanted and danced around pyramids and ceremonial fires. Some waited for the end of the world. Others declared a time of new beginnings. But exactly what was beginning was unclear. “We are in a frequency of love,” claimed artist Ivan Gutierrez between long blasts on a conch shell. Most local residents of Mayan descent found the event perplexing. They don’t understand the fascination with the calendar. But the influx of foreigners did bring financial opportunity. Vendors eager to sell ceramic handcrafts and wooden masks called out to passersby, “Buy something before the world ends!” As far as the end of the world goes, no one knows the precise day or hour (Matthew 24:36). But some things are certain: God is in control until the last day. And He doesn’t need a stone calendar to figure out when that is. Grasping for a gun solution In December President Barack Obama announced the formation of a task force headed by Vice President Joe Biden to address gun violence in the aftermath of the Dec.14 school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut. The president called the shooting “a wake-up call” and asked Congress to reinstate the assault weapons ban, a Clinton administration-era law that expired in 2004. Biden met with guncontrol advocates and law enforcement officials and discussed background checks for all gun buyers, banning high-capacity ammunition magazines, and federal funding of gun violence research. The National Rifle Association in its first comments since the shooting promised to offer “meaningful contributions to help make sure this never happens again.” Vice President Biden meets with sportsmen and other gun owners. 21 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_PostsB.indd 21 2013 1/13/13 10:56 PM SportsTrak Dusty Tuckness in the air and on the job Politics best left off the field? Well, maybe, perhaps, unless . . . SPORTS COLUMNISTS KNOW SPORTS. By the time a select few receive license to splash commentary across sports pages or even onto television broadcasts, they typically have covered thousands of games, matches, and scrimmages—and covered them straight. They’ve paid their dues. Whitlock But some sports journalists figure that their expertise on fields of play transfers to the similarly adversarial arena of politics. Sportswriter Jason Whitlock has made a career out of that calculation, earning multiple media platforms via his knowledge of athletics only to fill his column inches with thoughts on all things political. He was at it again in early December in an interview with CNN contributor Roland Martin. During the interview Whitlock defended the practice of sports journalists’ wading into political waters: “Sports gets so much attention, and so many people tune out the real world, that I try to take advantage of the opportunities to talk about the real world when sports lends itself to that, and try to open people’s eyes.” Sports journalists using their platform for political comment is not new. But the latitude their media outlets afford them may be increasing. When ESPN golf analyst Paul Azinger criticized Barack Obama in September 2011 for playing too much golf and not creating enough jobs, ESPN reprimanded Azinger and advised him “that political commentary is best left to those in that field.” Indeed, the official ESPN employee policy states that “correspondents, producers, editors, writers, public-facing talent and those involved in news assignments and coverage must avoid being publicly identified with various sides of political issues.” But ESPN selectively enforces that policy. Much of the public consternation over such political commentary from sports journalists has to do with the historical function of sports in American society. They have long provided relief from graver concerns. American soldiers fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan relied on sports for a bit of normalcy amid the trauma of war. But that opportunity for reprieve may be fading. —Mark Bergin, adapted for Trak Saving cowboys When today’s best bull riders bust outta the chute astride raging Mexican fighting bulls, they’re probably hoping that it’s Dusty Tuckness who has their backs. The 25-year-old Tuckness has been offering the best in cowboy protection for almost 13 years years now. And he has once again earned the highest honor in his profession, Bullfighter of the Year. Tuckness won the honor, his third consecutive, during the National Finals Rodeo in Las Vegas. “It’s very humbling,” Tuckness said in an interview. “I just give all the glory to God.” Members of the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association vote on the award, so Tuckness’ recognition is proof that those he works with appreciate his extraordinary efforts on their behalf. Tuckness grew up in a rodeo family. His father Timber was a bullfighter, and Dusty first entered the ring as a rodeo clown when he was 11 years old. An American bullfighter, a.k.a. rodeo clown, is part protector-part entertainer. His jobs are to keep riders alive and to “conquer the beast” with fancy moves and fakes—while making it look like amusement. Tuckness works 160-170 rodeos per year. When he’s not bullfighting, Tuckness trains like an athlete or studies videos of past fights. He understands that when you’re face-to-face with a 1,200-pound bull, being fit and focused is vital for survival. In an early round at this year’s finals, Tuckness dove across the back of a bull to free a trapped rider caught between the animal and the arena fence. Another time a bull’s horn hooked his shirt. In one of the final rounds, a charging bull knocked him briefly unconscious. Tuckness seems to take his heroism in stride. “We definitely had some action,” Tuckness admited after the finals, adding, “but that’s why we’re in the arena.” Asked about all of the hoopla surrounding his awards, Tuckness says, “I just try to focus on my main job, which is saving cowboys.”—Kim Stegall 22 T R A K N O V E M B E R 5_Trak_V2_Sports.indd 22 2012 1/13/13 11:00 PM Renewing MINDS Excellence-driven higher education begins with stellar faculty U nion University faculty members excel as scholars, authors and national speakers. They invest in their students through award-winning classroom teaching, mentoring and collaboration on research. In a close-knit learning community our students are challenged to grow intellectually and integrate their faith in every program of study. As a result, Union graduates excel in top graduate schools and in careers around the world. To learn more about Union’s Christcentered academic excellence, visit us online or schedule a campus visit today. uu.edu Jackson, TN 23 T R A K N O V E M B E R 2012 E X C E L L E N C E - D R I V E N | C H R I S T- C E N T E R E D | P E O P L E - F O C U S E D | F U T U R E - D I R E C T E D 5_Trak_V2_Sports.indd 23 1/13/13 11:01 PM Playlist MOVIES & TV BOOKS MUSIC Booked Karen Swallow Prior • Booked skillfully combines memoir and love of books. Prior, an English professor at Liberty University, chooses particular books as lenses through which to make sense of her life and the world. She is a gifted writer able to portray details of her life—her love of animals, her desire to be one of the cool kids, her awkward bookishness—and attach them to universal themes. She’s also a fine teacher, discussing with wit and Christian discernment books as varied as Madame Bovary, Tess of the D’Urbervilles, Charlotte’s Web, and Gulliver’s Travels. Readers will come away with a greater appreciation for particular books and a better understanding of the role that good books can play in spiritual and character formation. MOVIES Prequels and Sequels For film fans, another year of going back to established franchises Here, along with a couple of films that will be of particular interest to Christians, are the movies that will likely make headlines and draw crowds over the next 12 months. March 8: Oz the Great and Powerful • The first of a number of Oz-based films we’ll see over the next few years, odds are director Sam Raimi will make this one the most fun. The prequel recounts the origins of the great wizard’s journey to Oz and early buzz suggests it’s a winner for families. April: Mary Mother of Christ • Though an official release date has yet to be set for the Joel Osteen–produced biblical epic, Lionsgate is already pitching it as a prequel to Mel Gibson’s The Passion of the Christ. Fifteen-year-old Odeya Rush stars as Mary, with Julia Ormond playing her cousin Elizabeth and Ben Kingsley as Herod. Hugh Bonneville will reportedly be filling the role of Satan. May 3: Iron Man 3 / Nov. 3: Thor: The Dark World Given that they’re both part of the Avengers-industrial complex, there’s no point pretending these are separate entities. Robert Downey Jr. will be sardonic; Chris Hemsworth will be dashing, and between them they will dominate the box office from early summer to late fall. Rush 5_Trak_V2_Playlist.indd 24 Fever Season Jeanette Keith • In 1878, Memphis suffered through a yellow fever epidemic that killed 5,000 residents and sickened 12,000 more in less than a month. Doctors, misunderstanding how the disease spread, blamed poor sanitation rather than mosquitoes breeding in the city’s many water cisterns. Thousands, including city leaders, pastors, doctors, and businessmen, fled the city. Keith tells the story of the epidemic through the stories of individual doctors, nurses, journalists, pastors, priests, and ordinary people who stayed to care for the sick, often at the cost of their own lives. Although Keith occasionally gets sidetracked by detours on race and gender, her meticulous research brings to life heroic characters and shows how Americans of an earlier age dealt with unimaginable suffering. Dreamland: Adventures in the Strange Science of Sleep David K. Randall • We all sleep, but we know little about what makes a restful sleep and what happens when we don’t get enough of it. Randall is an entertaining guide through many aspects of sleep research. Galvanized by an injury sustained while sleepwalking, he visited a sleep clinic to diagnose his troubles. When that revealed no major anomalies, he began the research that resulted in this book. He covers the bizarre—murders committed while sleeping—and the useful: Could knowledge of circadian rhythms help bettors make money on Monday Night football? Readers have to browse through a fair bit of evolutionary speculation, but there’s plenty of good stuff: historical and cultural differences in sleep patterns, the role of the lowly light bulb, sleep and war, the family bed, and dreams. Fierce Compassion Kristin & Kathryn Wong • Donaldina Cameron for 40 years headed a mission in San Francisco that rescued Chinese children and women sold into slavery. She was 25 in 1895 when she left the comforts of her large Scottish family to become assistant to the superintendent of the mission house where rescued ones found refuge. She went on dangerous rescue missions, nursed the sick and opium-addicted, and brought her growing family of rescued women to safety after the 1906 earthquake, an outbreak of bubonic fever, and the Spanish influenza epidemic. She battled Chinese criminal gangs, corrupt civic authorities, and racism. The Wongs provide an inspiring account of Cameron’s life and adventures, showing how her Christian faith motivated her to fight successfully the battle against sex trafficking a century ago. —Susan Olasky 24 T R A K FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:30 PM MOVIE Cirque du Soleil Worlds Away Cirque du Soleil is many things, artsy, dreamlike, over the top, and at times rather bizarre. If you’ve seen one of their traveling or resident Las Vegas shows, you can picture it exactly—the breathtaking stunts, the fantastical costumes, the exotic music. Now it’s all on display in the feature-length film, Cirque du Soleil Worlds Away. This dazzling 3D journey was directed and produced by Andrew Adamson (The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe) along with executive producer James Cameron (Titanic and Avatar). With stunning visuals and eccentric music, Adamson and Cameron wordlessly tell the story of Mia, a young woman who falls in love with a handsome aerialist and must search for him through seven Cirque worlds. These worlds, encapsulated in massive circus tents in a misty desert wasteland, are a compilation of various Cirque shows including “O,” “KÀ” and “Mystère,” among others. Each world is May 17: Star Trek Into Darkness • J.J. Abrams’ first reboot of the Star Trek brand was the most fun to be had at the movies in the summer of 2009. Abrams took his time making the follow-up, so one can hope it will live up to its predecessor’s popcorn standard. June 7: Much Ado About Nothing • As if he didn’t have enough fans as The Avengers writer/director, Joss Whedon may be going for a more literary crowd with his modern retelling of c —Megan Basham on the Lone Ranger’s sidekick, Tonto. Shakespeare’s classic comedy. (Yes, Joss Whedon does Shakespeare!) If it’s even half as entertaining as much of his other work, it should be well worth a look. June 21: Monsters University • Another prequel, but a Pixar sequel. Let’s hope Mike (Billy Crystal) and Sully uphold the studio’s reputation for quality with their antics in higher education. July 3: The Lone Ranger • Disney caught lightning in a bottle when Johnny Depp agreed to play Captain Jack Sparrow in the family-friendly Pirates of the Caribbean films. No doubt Disney is hoping lightning will strike twice and audiences will be equally charmed by Depp’s sure-to-be unique take 25 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Playlist.indd 25 It’s not unpleasant, though, and other than one scene things stay clean in this PG film. But this is not a show for young children; the outlandish costumes and edgy acts can appear almost nightmarish at times, particularly on the big screen. This film, with its marvelous visuals and complex routines, is well-suited for older Cirque fans and those who have always wanted to see a Cirque show, offering all the excitement and beauty of a live Cirque du Soleil show for a fraction of the cost. more peculiar than the last. There are elaborate synchronized swimming sequences, a flying ship, a pivoting elevated stage, a trampoline number set to Elvis music, and a psychedelic Beatles routine. Visually entrancing as it is, the film is too long and its plot too simple to keep the audience interested for 90 minutes. The 3D filming beautifully captures the raw theatricality of Cirque, but a 60-minute reel would have done the job without burdening the audience with gaudy detail. Nov. 22: Hunger Games: Catching Fire • Perhaps the one sure-fire blockbuster not to boast a superhero, teenage archer Katniss (Jennifer Lawrence) returns to the arena where her enemies in the Capitol will try to take their revenge. c Dec. 13: The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug • Who cares if most critics judged An Unexpected Journey bloated at nearly three hours? Tolkien lovers, who can never get enough Middle Earth, will continue to turn out, hopefully for an improved second outing. The smart ones will have learned to avoid the 3-D option. —Megan Basham 2013 1/13/13 10:30 PM Shabby replacement Students at Biola University (shown here) tried to turn off their devices for a week. It’s a common scene on metro buses sidewalks, campuses, and even churches . . . : people pass each other without a glance, eyes fixed on their smartphone screens, thumbs tapping away. During Sunday services, fingers flick across iPads and iPhones rather than thumbing through Bible pages. Birthday wishes stream down Facebook timelines; debates heat up in condensed text messages; conflicts resolve over emails. But even with increased connectivity, some find digital relationships a shabby replacement for face-to-face interaction. At Biola University in Southern California, students tried to turn off their electronic devices for a week in mid-November to consider the effects technology has on their human relationships and relationships with God. Biola junior Jeremy Hamann, 20, happened to visit Disneyland with three friends that week. Leaving his iPhone at home made him slightly anxious at first. But once he and his friends adjusted to not having their cell phones vibrating in their pockets, Hamann said “it was seri- ously one of the most genuine times I’ve ever spent with people in that large stretch of time.” Biola professor David Bourgeois, who teaches information systems, said the barriers technology imposes are something students rarely think about, especially because social networking is such a part of their everyday lives. “I noticed that walking around campus, people don’t talk to each other as much anymore, because they’re always on their cell phones,” he said. “We’re losing the depth of relationship that comes from spending lots of time together. Even time in silence together can build relationships.” Entrepreneurs also see an opportunity to market the void left by digital relationships. Alex Capecelatro, 24, created a site called At the Pool that helps people get away from the screen and meet others face-to-face. He came up with the idea after moving to a new town where he didn’t know anyone. He tried searching Facebook and even joined dating websites to find new friends, but failed. “I started wondering, why is it so hard to meet people?” he said. That’s when he saw the need for a site that would bring people together in real life. 26 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Tech.indd 26 PHOTOS: AP / P.27: AP-WILFREDO LEE Tech&Culture Within four months of At The Pool’s launch, more than 10,000 people signed up all across the United States and 50 countries. More than 85 percent of users are under 35 years old, and more than half are under 25. Capecelatro said the swift and positive response shows today’s digital generation is ready for some change in the way social media takes the “social” out of the equation: “At the end of the day, we are social people, and the web has often served as a barrier that has prevented us from feeling like we need to connect. We always see people on their cell phones, not connecting with the people two feet away because they have this scapegoat.” But it’s not just human relationships that lag due to technology. Christians need to understand how it affects their relationships with God as well, Bourgeois said. As a digitally savvy professor who uses technology six to seven hours each day, Bourgeois said he also was guilty of bringing his iPad to church and peeking into his email inbox or Facebook page. He now leaves his iPad at home and brings his old Bible instead. Students often tell him that technology helps them spiritually because it makes it easier to study and share the Bible. But Bourgeois disagrees. Real spiritual growth takes place when you’re not being spoonfed, he said: “Studying the Bible shouldn’t be easy. It should be something you work through, think about, and pray about.” Bourgeois got worried when he saw his own children preferring to text friends about problems, because “texting is easier.” Just like with friendships, Christians are getting lazier in building a focused relationship with God: “It’s becoming kind of this lazy relationship ethos, where whatever is easiest, whatever is simplest, that’s what you want to do.” The more pervasive technology becomes today, the more disciplined Christians need to be in devoting time to God, and respecting their neighbors enough to put away their phones. Set aside 30, or even 10, minutes a day to turn everything off to spend time with God, Bourgeois suggested. “You’re then saying, ‘This is important to me, Lord. You’re my priority.’ Taking effort to be with the Lord is something that is being lost today.” Thoughts? traknews@gwnews.org 2013 1/13/13 10:57 PM Mosquito mutants Imagine being outdoors on a warm summer night. Did you think about swatting insects? For folks in Key West, Florida, those flying pests may soon be genetically modified mosquitos. A proposed experiment by Florida mosquito control officials and British company Oxitec is seeking to reduce the risk of dangerous dengue fever in Key West by releasing hundreds of thousands of the airborne mutants into the Florida skies. Dengue fever, which is spread by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, manifests itself with a high fever, a rash, and other flu-like symptoms. U.S. health officials had thought the virus eradicated in the country until 93 cases showed up in Florida in 2009-2010. There is no vaccine for the fever, which is not deadly but can increase susceptibility to another form of fever that is. The Florida experiment involves the release of non- Patti Sprague, left, and Jason Garcia, both field inspectors with the Florida Keys Mosquito Control District, inspect a backyard pond at a home in Key West, Fla. biting male mosquitoes that have been genetically modified to pass along a birth defect to any offspring. The defect kills the offspring before they can reproduce. The plan is that after several generations, the defective males will have essentially killed off the Aedes aegypti population. If the experiment works, the dengue fever problem will have been solved at relatively little cost and without the use of pesticides. Yet some residents of the Florida tourist town worry about the potential threat to During President Barack Obama’s first term, his administration pleased constituents anxious about air quality by setting strict pollution rules, including some that contributed to the closure of more than 100 coal-fired power plants. During his reelection campaign, Obama postponed some environmental decisions that were controversial and expensive. With a second term secured, however, Obama and his EPA have less incentive to postpone environmental rules that may burden U.S. industry for decades to come. Since the EPA has labeled greenhouse the Keys’ ecosystem; others are concerned about a possible danger to humans. Several concerned citizens have collected signatures, written blog posts, and started websites decrying the science and ethics behind the mosquito research. Oxitec’s claims that its technology works are backed up by scientific journal and peer reviews as well as experiments elsewhere. But that’s no assurance for Mila de Mier, a Key West resident, who has collected more than 118,000 signatures on an online peti- Green burden gases like carbon dioxide “pollutants,” the agency has authority under the Clean Air Act to regulate their emissions not just from power plants and cars, but from churches, hospitals, farms, and schools. When fully implemented in coming years, 27 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Tech.indd 27 tion against the mosquito experiment. “There are more questions than answers and we need more testing to be done,” states de Mier’s petition. “The public resistance and the need to reach some agreement between mosquito control and the public, I see that as a very significant issue,” says Phil Lounibos of the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory. For now, public outcry against the genetically modified insects, right or wrong, may be insurmountable. these regulations could cost up to $400 billion annually. The EPA also may soon decide on regulations that would reduce sulfur emissions from gasoline by two-thirds, protect fish in power plant cooling reservoirs, and require farmers to develop plans to prevent oil and gas spills. Under Obama, the EPA has proclaimed three dozen major energy regulations (though some were initiated under George W. Bush). Many of those rules will cost the economy more than $100 million a year. No surprise if the next four years are equally burdensome.. 2013 1/16/13 9:15 AM AP PHOTO/MARCIO JOSE SANCHEZ / SHUTTERSTOCK feature HD video cameras, multiple noisereduction microphones, and WiFi capabilities that give remote employees a physical presence in the workplace. Of course, as with any new technology, there Senior software engineer, Josh Faust, seen on screen, navigates his company’s office using a Beam remote presence system, as are downsides. fellow engineer Stephanie Lee, at right, works on a project at The robots can Suitable Technologies in Palo Alto, Calif. be difficult to navigate—they get stuck if they wander into areas with poor Internet connectivity, and stairs are a disaster. And the technology can’t entirely replace faceOn Monday mornings New York to-face interactions and casual City web designer Marissa Fox camaraderie of being right there in checks in on a co-worker’s the office. “I don’t think face-to-face is client presentation, chats with colgoing away,” observes Pamela Hinds, leagues in the break room, and attends co-director of Stanford University’s staff meetings much like when she lived Center on Work, Technology, & Organiin Manhattan. zation. “But the question is, how much But she doesn’t live in New York. She face-to-face can be replaced by this lives in Bradenton, Florida, with her technology?” family of five. Already workers living remotely and The technology making this twophysicians seeing patients in faraway places-at-once dream possible is a hospitals are using RPDs. And analysts mobile video-conferencing device from predict the machines have other uses: Suitable Technologies, a Californiaoverseas factory inspections, museum based company. Called the Beam tours, family member visits, and so on. Remote Presence Device (RPD), the The Beam RPD costs around robot-like machine features a face$16,000, so the machines aren’t cheap. sized (17”) screen and a human-sized But some feel that compared to long (5’2”) frame so it allows for more commutes, overseas trips, or crossinformal, bonding types of interaction country moves, the technology may pay between people separated by distance. for itself. “This gives you that casual interSoftware engineer Josh Faust works action that you’re used to at work,” for Suitable Technologies. He “Beams” engineer Dallas Goecker says, speaking to his office in California from his home on a Beam. “I’m sitting in my desk area in Hawaii. with everybody else. I’m part of their Sure, he can’t actually play a comconversations and their socializing.” pany game of Ping-Pong or eat the Thanks to computers, instant messagcatered lunches, but he can show up ing, and video-conferencing, employees in the room and join the conversation. are increasingly able to work remotely. What’s more, he feels part of the team. Telepresence robots like the Beam Robo-worker 28 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Tech.indd 28 ARE YOU CULTURALLY LITERATE? OKAY, THEN . . . What’s a “cup of joe”? The folksy term “cup of joe” refers to the ubiquitous brown beverage Americans swill by the bucketful—an average of 3.1 cups per day per person. But the origins of the term are about as clear as a cup of Turkish espresso. One common account stems from a World War I story. A certain Josephus Daniels ordered a ban on alcohol’s being served on board Navy ships. This deprivation supposedly led to an spike in coffee consumption. The men dubbed their drinks “cups of joe” in mock tribute to the man who’d denied them their spirits. The tale is interesting but unlikely since the term isn’t recorded anywhere until 16 years after Daniels’ order. Another theory asserts that the word “joe” is slang for an ordinary guy, as in “Joe Blow,” “Joe College,” and “average joe.” By this line of thought, a “cup of joe” would be brew for the common man. The third—and most likely—etymology is that “joe” comes from the words “java” and/or “jamoke,” both words for coffee drinks. That idea is supported by a citation in a 1931 manual: “Jamoke. Java. Joe. Coffee. Derived from the words Java and Mocha, where originally the best coffee came from.” 2013 1/13/13 10:57 PM Murphy High School teacher Leland Howard attempts to salvage items where his algebra classroom once stood in a temporary building at the school. Residents of Mobile, Alabama, worked to clean up and assess the damage from a Christmas Day tornado that caused $10 million damage to the historic high school. With only a handful of injuries and no deaths reported statewide from the violent storms, the head of the state’s emergency response said it was difficult to fathom how the toll wasn’t worse. Murphy H.S. student were temporarily relocated to a nearby middle school for the start of second semester. 29 T R A K F E B R U A R Y 5_Trak_V2_Halls.indd 29 PHOTOS: PASO ROBLES HIGH SCHOOLA AP PHOTOS / G. M. ANDREWS Hallsoflearning 2013 1/13/13 10:48 PM LastWords ‘This evil is not new, it’s just never been so close.’ MIKE MANCINI, college pastor at Walnut Hill Community Church near the Sandy Hook Elementary School at which 27 people were killed following a shooting rampage, to World Magazine. ‘People want cheap sushi, and this is what happens.’ New York wholesaler ROBERT DeMASCO on a new study by the organization Oceana that found 39 percent of seafood sold in grocery stores or restaurants was mislabled. Out of 16 sushi bars in the study, all peddled mislabeled fish. ‘Priorities change when you struggle to pay rent and buy food.’ London-based Spanish fashion designer CRISTINA VALLS, who plans to do holiday shopping for her family in the United Kingdom, after they’ve lost jobs in Spain. ‘. . . if the stereotype helps others feel better about their loss, I guess our identity has helped us do our Christian duty, as we say in the South.’ ‘24 tons’ MARK WILSON, secretary of the Alabama Historic Association, joking about the insulting “Catholics vs. Cousins” T-shirt that sold out before Alabama trounced Notre Dame in the BCS championship football game.. 30 T R A K 5_Trak_V2_LastWords.indd 30 AP / WALNUT HILL WEBSITE The weight of IVORY ELEPHANT TUSKS that Malaysian customs officials on Dec. 10 found hidden inside two shipping containers that appeared to be filled with mahogany boards. It was reportedly the largest seizure of illegal tusks in history. In some markets ivory is selling for more than $1,000 per pound. “It’s extremely depressing,” elephant researcher Iain Douglas-Hamilton told The New York Times. FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:58 PM ‘We don’t think the timing of the visit is helpful, and they [Google] are well aware of our views.’ State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland, asked about Google chief ERIC SCHMIDT’s trip to North Korea. Schmidt says the trip was a private trip, although, as this picture shows, he traveled to Pyongyang with former New Mexico Gov. Bill Richardson, left, and Google Ideas think tank director, Jared Cohen. ‘If they DO CREDIT mint the coin, I’m going to open an “Everything’s a Trillion Dollars” store right next to the Treasury and just hope.’ Tweeter POURMECOFFEE on the tongue-in-cheek proposal that to solve the government’s debt crisis, they simply create a $1 trillion-dollar coin.. 5_Trak_V2_LastWords.indd 31 31 T R A K FEBRUA RY 2013 1/13/13 10:58 PM Major Majors on the SPREAD AD onsidering what you are called to do? Maybe you’re called to be an engineer, a nurse, or a businessman, but before God calls you to a vocation, He first calls you to become like His Son. At Reformation Bible College, near Orlando, Florida, we believe knowing God is the foundation to lead lives that glorify Him in every vocation. Prepare for your calling with us. Apply by March 11. ReformationBibleCollege.org | 888-RBC-1517 32 T R A K TREK_LIGONIER_RBC_AD_R1.indd 2 5_Trak_V2_LastWords.indd 32 FEBRUA RY 2013 12/19/12 10:59 4:03 PM PM 1/13/13