Radar and Wind turbines : Onera studies

Radar and Wind turbines :
Onera studies
Gérard Bobillot
DEMR Palaiseau
Gerard.Bobillot@onera.fr - tel : 01 80 38 62 30
J.P. Marcelin – F.Boust – S. Langlet – A. Chéraly – H.K. Phan
1
Summary
1.
Introduction
2.
Simulator SiPRÉ
3.
Stealth blade : project EODIS
4.
Conclusions
2
DEMR : Electromagnetics and Radar Department
Staff ≈ 150 employees
Palaiseau - Toulouse – Salon de Provence
Radar Sethi
Propagation/Environment/Signatures
Antennas
Experimentation/Simulation
Radar
Signal processing
Radar imaging
Radar Graves
3
EMC
Radar Stealth
Radar signature at Onera
RCS measurement facilities
- indoor: CAMERA, BABI
•
•
•
•
•
4
Quasi-monostatic anechoic chamber
Dimensions: 6x6x12 m
Frequency bands: 0.6 -18 GHz ( + Ka band)
Full polarimetric
Time-varying targets
•
•
•
•
Bistatic anechoic chamber: 0 -210 deg.
Dimensions: : r= 5,5 m
Frequency bands: 0.6 -18 GHz
Full polarimetric
Radar signature at Onera
RCS measurement facilities
- indoor CAMERA, BABI
- outdoor : Medysis, HYCAM
Medysis f = 5,8 GHz
Wide band 400 MHz
5
HYCAM S-Band, X-Band
Wide-band (500MHz)( end of 2011)
Radar signature at Onera
RCS measurement facilities
- indoor CAMERA, BABI
- outdoor : Medysis, HYCAM
RCS Modelling
- Elsem3D numerical modelling
- FERMAT asymptotic (OKTAL SE)
- COMSOL
6
Onera studies on radar perturbation by wind turbine
1.
Evaluation of the RCS of blades
For some wind farm project stakeholders
2.
SiPRÉ : Development of simulation tool of the perturbation of radars by wind
turbines
Onera - OKTAL-SE (Méteo-France, Repower)
partly funded by ADEME
end of 2011
3.
EODIS: Development of a low signature blade for wind turbine
EADS-ASTRIUM – Onera – Plastinov
partly funded by ADEME
end of 2012
7
Summary
1.
Introduction
2.
Simulator : project SiPRÉ
3.
Stealth blade : project EODIS
4.
Conclusions
8
SiPRÉ – Simulation de la Perturbation des Radars par les Éoliennes
(Simulation of the perturbation of radars by wind turbines)
1.
Objectives
Better understanding of origin of perturbations
Studies of mitigation of perturbations
2.
Based on available components
FERMAT (OKTAL-SE) : EM modeling of the scene (Asymptotic
formulation – shooting and bouncing rays)
Radar components (Onera)
CASTOR (Météo-France) : signal processing (black box)
3.
Validation
Comparison of results, at different levels of the simulator, with measured
values
9
SiPRÉ – Simulation de la Perturbation des Radars par les Éoliennes
(Simulation of the perturbation of radars by wind turbines)
Fine simulation
Quantification of
perturbations
• Important parameters
• General laws
Solutions to mitigate
perturbations
Better signal
processing
Simplified simulation
Stealth wind
turbine
10
Architecture of SiPRÉ simulator
Radar technical data
(Météo-France)
Simulation
of the scene
Wind turbine +
environment
OKTAL-SE
FERMAT
11
RADAR RF
Antenna
I/Q
Onera
+ generic radar
Instanciation of
Météo France
radar
Meteorological data
Signal
processing
CASTOR
Météo-France
Output
MF products
Validation – Measurements site : Abbeville (september 2011)
Météo-France radar - Bande C bipolar
Medycis (Onera) high resolution radar
Wind farm Mont Bergerons 1 (distance 5600m)
- operation : EOLFI
- wind turbine : REpower
12
High resolution analysis
radar
(Synthetic signals)
High resolution Doppler/distance analysis
analysis of the distribution of scattering centers along the axis of the blade, for
all angles of incidence – coupling with the static parts
13
Validation of SiPRÉ simulator
Simulation
of the scene
Wind turbine +
environment
RADAR RF
Antenna
I/Q
Comparison with
Medycis measurements
14
Signal
processing
CASTOR
Comparison with real
signals from MF radar
Output
MF products
Comparison with real
products from MF radar
Summary
1.
Introduction
2.
Simulator : project SiPRÉ
3.
Stealth blade : project EODIS
4.
Conclusions
15
EODIS – stealth blade
1.
Partners:
EADS-ASTRIUM : coordination, blade conception, mechanical characterization
Onera : stealth technology, EM measurements
Plastinov : fabrication
1.
Objectives
Reduce the RCS of the blade by a factor of 100
Limit the increase in weight
Limit the modification of the manufacturing process
2.
Validation
Local control
Reconstruction of the RCS of the stealth blade
3.
16
Calendar: T0 June 2010 - 30 months
EODIS – RCS of the conductive blade (FERMAT)
Trailing
edge
17
intrados
Leading
edge
extrados
Trailing
edge
EODIS – RCS of a section of blade
•
(BABI anechoic chamber)
Tronçon 1,5 m
1) Conductive blade: aluminium film
2) Real blade
18
Radar images from measurements (section)
Metalized blade
Real blade
(Dielectric)
19
Radar images from computations (2D)
Metalized blade
Real blade
(Dielectric)
20
Summary
1.
Introduction
2.
Simulator : project SiPRÉ
3.
Stealth blade : project EODIS
4.
Conclusions
21
Conclusions/perspectives
Disturbance to radar by wind turbines represent a constraint for the development of wind power
in France
ONERA has developed loin date skills in modeling, calculation and measurement of radar
signatures as well as stealth technology for defense purposes: these skills are used for
this new problem
Two major programs have been underway for several months. The work should help to
significantly improve the coexistence of radar and wind turbines, thanks to a better
understanding of the origin of the disturbance and to stealth technologies
The simulation tool SiPRÉ need to be extended to other radar, military radars and radars for air
and sea control.
The solutions could also be extended against these other radars
Onera has also recognized expertise in signal processing that could be exploited to improve the
performance of radars in this context
Studies has already been made with several wind power companies
22