a:u.1 - European Copper Institute

Transcription

a:u.1 - European Copper Institute
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29, E:ivOl TO npWTO OTOlXE:{O 111<; unoo~66a<; <<E:Uyevi}
~traAAO».
LTOV nepto6t-
K6 niVOKO TWV OTOlXetWV KOl n(ow an6 TOV 6pyupo KOl TO XPUOO, ~E: TO onoia ~OlpO~eTOl ~lO nap6~0l0 6o~r'J
{2/8/ 18/1), nou 6(VE:l OTO OTOlXE:ia )(ll~lKE<; KOl <pUOlKE<; t6lOT11TE:<; av6.Aoye<;, 0 XaM6<; EXE:l KpuOTaMlKJl oo~i]
cDLO IK t:~ IOIOT')TC~
KOl ~lO ~E:YOATl 6uvOT6TJ1TO 6Tl~lOUpyia<; Kpa-
Xo"KOlJ Cu DHP
~6Twv.
E161K6 ~6poc;
8.90gr{cm'
Lr)IJE:IO lf'l~l)c;
1.083't
LT11V J1MKTPOXJ1~lKrl OE:tp6 TWV OTOlXetWV (ni-
0.0168 mmtm/ C
VOKO<; I) 0 XaAK6<; elVOl 0111 ~WVT) TWV E:UyE:-
48 m{O{mm'
VWV ~eT6Mwv, ~e anoTD..eo~a 11 e:na<pi] TOU
rpow~Koc;
owre:1.e:o'l1\ ooo1oM<; e20- 100 CJ
H).e:xrpiK~ ovwVl~Oif'ITO orouc; 2o•c
83% 10~
~E: ~ETaAAO .\ty6Tepo euyevi} (apVT)TlKO J1M·
E161x~ ee:p~6Tf'ITO orouc; 2o•c
385 J/kg/K
0.0921 col{gr ,.C
KTPOXTl~tK6 6uva~tK6) Km 11 6n~toupy(a ya"--
6€pj.JIK~ OVWVJIJOli)TO
330 VJ/m/K
13avtKou
99.90 %min
XaAKO, aAAO TO AlYOTE:pO E:UYE:VE<; ~ETaAAO.
ne:piE:KnKOTI)TO K09opou XOAKoU
<pmvo~evou
npo61aypacpt~
TOIVIWV xaAKOU
niVOKO<; 1
tlUVOIJIKO OE:
5Au' + 3e--+ Au
Pd' + 2e- - • Pd
Hg1 + 2e-~Hg
Ag' + e- ~ Ag
Cu' + e- -+ Cu
Cu.. + 2e--+ Cu
2H' + 2e- ) H,
Volt
OTOU<;
25"C
1.50
0.987
0.854
0.800
0.52 1
0.337
0.000
-0. 126
-0.136
Pb' ' + 2e· -+ Pb
Sn' + 2e- ~ sn
Ni1 + 2e- -+ N1
COt+ 2e- -+ N1
Tl' + e--+ Tl
-0.250
-0.277
-0.336
-0.342
ln' +3e- ~ln
Cd' + 2e- -> Cd
Fe' + 2e- -+ Fe
Go' + 3e- -+ Go
Cr' + 3e--+ Cr
Cr' + 2e- )Cr
-0.403
-0.440
-0.53
-0.74
-0.91
-0.763
- 1.18
Zn' + 2e- -+ Zn
Mn' + 2e- -+Mn
Zr ' +Lie- -+ Zr
Ti' + 2e- -+ Tl
u' + 3e--+ u
Be'' + 2e- - ) Be
Mg,. +2e- Mg
No· + e--+ No
· 1.53
-1.63
-1.66
- 1.70
-1.80
-1.85
-2.37
·2.7 1
Co' + 2e- -+Co
K' + e- -+ K
u· + e--+ u
·2.87
·2.93
-3.05
l•
Ai + 3e--+ AI
Hf•· + 4e- ) Hf
E /\1\HNIKO
INI:TITOYTO
va
~Tl
6tal3pwvet To
cpuMwv -
To <puMa XaAKOU OHP, nou npoop(~OVTOl yta
apxtTeKTovtKi] XPilOTl (eniarpwOT} are:ywv, u6popp6ec;, K..\n.), nap6yoVTm ou~<pwva IJE:
111v npootaypa<pr'J EN 1172.
To ~eytOTO nM<O<; <WV <puMwv XaAKOU dVOl 1.000 mm
(Tunonmn~eVT)
6t60TOOT}) .
Ta <puMa Xa"-Kou Twv Kpa~6Twv Cu-DHP 6taTi8e:VTat oe: Tunonotn~tva ~rlKTl Twv 2.000
mm. Ot TOtvie:c; XaAKOU 6tmi8E:VTOl oe: p6.\ouc;
~E: ~eytOTO l36poc; po.\ou 6 kg/mm nMTOU<;.
Yno.\oyt0}.16<; J36pouc; avo TE:IJQxtO: Mr'JKo<; X nMl·
To<; X nQxo<; X et6. J36poc; {et6. J36poc; XaMOU 8.9)
B6poc; <puAAwv xaAKOU I..II'JKOU«; 2.000 mm
KOI nA6TO«; 1.000 mm (KIA6 av6 T£1J6XIO).
\1) ,jC.
J rJ'~':_ .. c
i
K1M
0.60
10.680
0.70
12 ..460
0.80
, .4.2.40
0 .90
16.020
1.00
, 7.800
ANAnTY:::HI
XAI\KOY
7
AVTfopaaq OTIJ 01(lJ3pWC11J
To J3aatK6 X£1Toupy1K6 xapaKTTJpiOTLKOIJiac; emK6AU!Jll"Jc;, elvall"] npocrraaia nou napexe1 crro tcrip1o an6
nc;
e~wTepiKec;
KOIPIKec; auvSf)Kec; (uypama, avt:IJO,
XMO~I
KJ\.n.) KOI nou Sa enpene va exouv 6Xa Ta
uX1K6 nou XPT'JOIIJOTIOIOUVTOI yta emKaAU!Jlt:lc;.
EKeivo OIJWc; nou OIO<poponOLei ae 1JE:y6Ao 13aSIJ6 Ta 016cpopa UAIKO KOI nou eiva1 101aiTepa Ol"JIJOVTIK6,
eivm l1 OIOPKEIO, Ol"]Aaof) l"J ouvOTOTT'JTO Touc; va OIQTT']pouv Ta xapaKTTJpiOTIKO nou npoavacpepa1Je ae
IJEYOAT'J XPOVIKT') OIOPKEIQ.
nivaKa<; 2
AyponKo K~i~o
0.00036
0.0005 1
Oopo9oMOOIO& ~IOIJI)XOVIKO K~iiJO
0.00122
0.00 132
0.00142
nopo9o}.ooo•o KNIJO
0 XC1AK6c;, EtVOI xwp(c; KOIJIO OIJ<plf30Al0 eva e~OXO UNKO, 11 OIOpKE:IQ TOU onoiou elVOI ano&:fuYIJeVT'] EntOTilIJOVIKO KOI npaKTIKO. 'Exe1 Til ouvm&rrrra va aUTonpocrrmeuetal IJE Til Ol"JIJIOupyia Tl"]c; cpumKf)c; nmivac;, 1JS
anoTSX£0J..iO VQ napalJSvel 0Ktpa1oc; KOI VQ OIQTT']pei nc; IOIOTrrrE<; TOU OTO nepOOJ..iQ TOU )(P6vou.
H EniOTI11JOV1KrlJ31J3Noypacp(a IJO<; OlVEIIJIO TIIJrliJElWOT']<; TOU naxouc; TOU XaAKOU 0.00142 mm QVO tToc;
ae 101aiTepa emJ3apu1Jevo nep1j36Ahov.
LTOV niVOKQ 2 napOUOlO~OUIJS TO noaocrra IJElWOT']c; TOU naxouc; TOU XaAKOU ae OIO<pOpt:TIKec; nt:plj3aAAoVTIKec; auvSf)Kec;.
Ta crro1xeia auTo npoepxoVTal an6 netpaiJanKec; OOIJIKec; OIOpKetac; 20 eTwv nou eKave TO ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials) .
MtBoooc; OIJJ.Jtoupyiac; rexvqrljc; narivac;
Ene1or') o XP6voc; nou anmTdTm y1a TllV OlliJIOupyia Tile; 1JnXe - npaatvl"]c; f) npaatVT']c; - !JnXe nm{vac; eivm
OXETIKO 1JE:y6Aoc; KOI e~apTOTm O!Jeaa an6 TO nep1J36Mov IJE TO ono(o tpxeTm ae enacpf) o xC1AK6c;, OL
apxiTSKTOvec;, KaAAITexvec; KQI TE)(VtTec; IJEAetOUV EOW KQI mwvec; Tp6nouc;, wcrre va EntTOXUVOUV aUTT')v
Til <pUatKr') OlaOIKaaia IJE XlliJIKec; oumec;. To va O~EIOWO"t:lc; TEXVT'JTO TO XaAKO efVOIIJIO IOIQlTEPT'J TeXVT'] KQI
TE)(VIKrl nou OTIOITel nefpa KOI IJEPOKI. 0 Xl"JIJIKO<; XPWIJOTIOIJO<; Kal 01 TE)(VIKec; TOU
e~apTWVTQI IJeTa~u
OMwv an6 Til 8ep1JOKpaaia, Tl"JV npoetOIIJaaia Tl"]c; emcpave1ac; TOu XMKOU, Tl"JV uypaaia, TO XP6vo KOI
TOV Tp6no E<pOpiJOYrl<; TOU.
/\6yw Twv noMwv napa1JtTpwv nou unapxouv, 01 Xl"JIJIKO Ol"JIJIOUPYT'Jilevec; nmivec; napouma~ouv OIO<popa npoj3"-flllata, 6nwc; np6j3Al"JIJO crraSepono(l"]Ol"]c;. llll XPWIJOTIKf)c; 01JOLoyeve1ac; ae 1JEy6Xec; emcpavetec;, K.An. yeyov6c;, nou ea npene1 Kaveic; va A6j3e1 un64J11 TOU, 6Tav Sa npoanaSr')ae1 va OlliJIOupyr'Jael
Tt:XVT'JTT'J o~eiowal"] crro xC1AK6. ITo E:1Jn6plo Kui<Aocpopouv nponmlvaplaiJeva <puMa xC1AKou, y1a 6no1ov
SeX£1 va exe1 eva anoTeXeOIJa XPWIJOTLKf)c; OIJOLO!Jopcpiac; ae eva auVTOIJO XPOVLK6 OIOO"Tl"]IJO. Ta <puMa
auTO ElVOI J3101Jl"JXOVIKW<; nponOTIVOpiOIJeVa, IJE noM KaAf) crra8eponotl"]Ol"] Tl"]c; TENKT')c; Ent<pOVEIO<; Kal
iawc; Sa tnpene va npoTIIJT']Souv 6mv np6KetTOI va emKC1Aucp8ouv 1JE:y6Aec; emcpavetec;. Ita IJ1Kp6Tepec;
emcp6ve1ec; r; y1a OIOKOcriJT'JTIKec; ecpap1Joyec; IJnopei Kanotoc; va OOKIIJOOEI Kano•a an6 Ta evo1acpepoVTa
(XPWIJOTIKO) Xl"JIJIKO «KOKTe·IA, nou avacpepoVTm napaKOTW.
M1a npwT6Tun11 KOI maST']nKa evo1acpepouaa naTiva Ol"JIJIOUPYllOE o apxrretcrovac; Andrea Bruno crro
Mouae(o Maac; nC1AaiOKOOTpou O"Tl"]V nacpo Tl"]c; Kunpou,
o~u
8
E<pOpiJO~OVTac;
OTT'] XOMIVT'] crrey11 TOU KtTpiKO
Kal 8aXaaa1v6 vep6.
EAAHNIKO
IN I:T I TOVTO
A N AnTV: H I
X A AKOY
XlJJ.liKO XPWJ.lOTIKO
1.
«
KOKTti"A
»
MnA& - np60IVI"J naTiva ot nopTOKaAi - Kacpt un6~aepo - Semi -matt
Copper nitrate
110 gm.
Cu(NO:J2 3H 2 0
Ntp6
110 gm
Ammonia (880 OtclAUIJO )
NH3
440 gm2
Acetic acid (6% 6t6Au1Ja )
CH 3 COOH
440 gm2
Ammonium chloride
NH4 CI
110 gm
fl16pK&IO t q>OpiJOVr\<; TOU uypou: 5 I"JIJ&pt<;
To 6lclAUIJO anA.WV&\01 TOIJnOVOplOTOIJ& tva KOIJIJOTl IJOAOKOU Uq>OOIJOTOC: KQl acpi)v&TOl VO OT&yvwo&L
To IJtTaMo ouVTOIJO oKoupaivtt Kat OTaotaK6 OI11JlOupyefTat OTI1V emcpaveta IJlO Kovtw611C: 1JnA&-np6mvl1
nmiva nou aonp(~&L 'OTav OT&yvwoet, Tp(J3tTOl IJ& tva 1JaAOK6 OT&yv6 ucpoOIJO, WOT& va t~OIJaAuveef KOl
va A&tav9ei 11 emcp6veta, nptv an6 T11V en61J&VI1 tq>OPIJOYri OlaAUIJOTOC:. H 6ta6tKao{a aUTr'j enavaAOIJJ36ve;at YlO IJlO ntpio6o neVT& I11J&pwv, OTO Ol00TI11J0 TI1C: onoiac: 11 nmiva OKOupa(v&l KOl y{v&\Ol IJtpoc: TI1C:
emcpavetac;. 'Omv oA.oKA.11pw8ei 11 otaotKaoia KOl 11 emcpaveta OT&yvwoet T&A&iwc;, IJnopei TtAoc: va enaA&tcp9ei IJ& Kepi.
'Eva mo oKoupo Kot m:ptaa6TE:po pwf3 - Ka({Je un6f3aBpo emwvxavcrat ae copper - plated ent({Javetec;.
0 XPWIJOTlOIJ6C: ea nptn&t va npay1JOTOnOLT]8ei oe KaA6 aept~61l&vo xwpo. en&tot'l 01 ava8uj.it6o&tC: OIJ·
j.lwviac: nou 9a 6111JlOUPY119ouv an6 TO OlclAUIJO, j.lnop&l va npoKaAtoouv &p&8to1J6 OTa IJCma KOl npoJ3A.t'l1JOTO OTO avanvtuOTlKO OUOTI11JO. To 6lclAUIJO 9a nptn&l va IJI1V tp9&l 0& &nacpr) IJ& TO IJOTlO r) TO
Mp1JO, ytm( 1Jnopei va OI11Jtoupyi)oet eyKOUIJOTO r) ooJ3opouc: ep&9tOIJOUC:.
2.
MnA&- np60IVI1 naTiva 0& nOIKIA6XPWIJO KOq>t - IJOA& un6~a9po.
Copper sulphate
CuS0 45H 2 0
20mg
Copper acetate
(CH3C00)2 Cu H2 0
20mg
Ammonium chloride
NH4 CI
10mg
Acetic acid (6% otclAUIJO)
CH3 COOH
00., noo6tr]Ta XP£l6q:TOI yta va yivtt noA.T6c;
fl16pKtiO t q>OpiJOVr\<; noATOU : OpK&Tt <; I"JIJ&pt<;
To OUOTOTlKO yivOVTOl tvac; KP&IJWOI1C: nOA.T6C: j.l& T11 J3or'j8&l0 O~lKOU o~twc; KOl XPI10lj.IOnOlWVTOC: you6oxtpl KOl you6i. 0 noA.TOC: OnAWV&\OliJ& eva 1JaAOK6 mvtAo KOl acpr)v&;Ql va OT&VVWO&l yta IJlO 111Jtpa. To
OT&yv6 un6Atl1JIJO OTI1 ouvtxe•a ~enMve;at IJ& Kpuo v&p6, XPI10l1JOnOlWVTOC: tva j.laAOK6 mvtA.o. 'Eva
A&m6 OTPWIJO nOATOU aA&icp&TOl en&lTO OTI1V &mq>OV&lO KOl acpi)ve;al YlO IJlO 111Jtpa va OT&VVWO&l KOl
6mv nMov OT&yvwo&t eo nptnet To un6AtliJIJO va ~&nA.ueei KOl n6At1J& Kpuo v&p6. H otaotKaoia aUTT') TI1C:
&q>Opj.loyt')c; AtnTWV OTPWIJCrrWV noA.TOU OTI1V &nlq>OV&lO &navaAaj.IJ30V&\Ol j.l& TOV lOlO Tp6no, j.lt)(pl va
OT]IJlOUPYI19&( IJlO notKIA6XPWIJT] nmiva. eo nptn&t wOT6oo va acpf)ve;at va OT&yvwvet K69e cpop6 KaAO,
&VW OTO TtAOC:, IJnOp&( VO n&pOOT&i 11 &nlq>OV&lO j.l& K&pi.
3.
MnAt - np6o1v11 naTiva o& K6KKIVO un6~aepo - semi - matt
Copper nitrate
Cu(N0 3) 2 3H 2 0
200 gm
Ammonium chloride
NH4 CI
200 gm
N&p6
1 A.(TpO
EAI\HNIKO
INrTI T OYTO
ANAnTY : H r
XAIIKOY
9
Tp6noc; &cpopJJoyr}c; Tou uypou: ~uo cpoptc; TI'JV 'lJJt po v•o ntVT& 'lJJtpec;.
To OIOAUIJO aMc.i>VeTOI TOIJnovaptarOIJ€ tva KOIJIJOTIIJoAOKOu ucpaOIJOToc; KOL acpt']ve-rm va ar~yvwm:L H
oLaotKaofa €navo.Aa1Jf36v~Tm ouo cpoptc; TflV fl1Jepa y1a ntvr~ fl!Jep~c;. I:Tfl ouvtx~ta, Tl ~mcpav~LO acpt']v~­
raL 6Mec; ntvr~ fliJEP~C: y10 va ar~yvwo~L To XPWIJO rou un6f3a8pou Ofl!JtOupy~iTaL araotaK6 OTfl otapK~La aUTt']c; TflC: n~plOOOU KOI en~lTO an6 2-3 fl!Jep~c; O)(lliJOTl~~TOI IJlO IJTIA~ - npOC1lVfl naTfva. H T~ALK!')
~mKOAUliJfl , ea npen~L va yiv~L 1J6Xtc; eivm f3ef3mo 6r1 Tl ~mcpav~ta tx~t ar~yvwo~t r~A&iwc; Km Tl OfliJtOup-
yia TflC: nmiva tx~1 oA.oKXflpw8ei.
'EXE:l OlOTtlOTWBd
on '7 TE:XVU<IJ TOU TOf.JTTOVap{Of.lOTOC: dvm KaAUrE:PTJ arr6 TT]V w6.AeUjJT], WE:lOrJ '7 &t.JrtpT]
avaK6rrw TTJ oTJf.ltoupyia rryc; rrarivac;. Eav urrapxst Karroto n.p6f3ATJf.lO f.lE: aur6 rov rp6rro, ro uyp6 f.lTTOpti
va arrAweei f.l& aKN]p6 {3ouprotaf10 OTa OPXtKa araota TTJC: otaocKaaiac;.
'Orav UTTOPX&l uypaaia, TO ariyvWf.lO TTJC: C:rT.L(j)OV&tac; /.mopE:{ VO OlOpKiaet rreptao6repo. nap6Ao TTOU f.lTTOpei VO Oti'XVE:l OTeyvrJ, '7 WL(j)OVE:IO f.lTTOpd rreptoOLKO VO «tOpWV&l>>. fta va yivet '7 TeNKrJ &TTLKOAUI/1'7 f.lE: Kepi,
eo n.ptrret va txec OTeyvwoet reAdwc;, wOTe va txe1 oAoKAT]pweei '7 XTJf.lLKrJ ocepyaoia.
4.
MnA&-npaaiVI'J noTfvo a& Kocpt un6rJo9po - semi matt/matt
Ammonium chloride
NH4 CI
35gm
Copper acetate
(CH 3C00) 2Cu H20
20mg
N€p6
1 NTPO
AlapK&IO &cpOpJ.IOVrl«; noATOU: OpK&Tt«; I'JJ.!&p&c;
Ta uN.Ka ava~JetYVUOVTOIIJ~ A.iyo v~p6, XPflC1liJOnOL<.i>vrac; youooxtpt KOI youoi Km npoari8~vrm aro un6A.OLno v~p6. To otOAUIJO aM<.i>ve-rm T01Jnovaptar6 1-1~ tva IJoAOKO ucpaOIJO. To XOAKtvo OVTIK~iiJ&VO acpt']ve-rat
OTfl OUVEX~Ia va OT&yv<.i>o~l. AUT!'] Tl OlOOLKao(a &navo.A01Jf36verm IJlO cpop6 TflV fliJEpa yta apKe-rec; fliJEp&c;,
OfliJLoupywvrac; OTaotaK6 ro XPWIJO Tou un6f3a8pou KOI TflC: IJTIM - npOotVflc; nmivac;. 'OTav fl otaoLKaaia
oXoKA.flpw8~(, 8a npen~1 va acp~8~f apK~rec; fliJEp~c; y1a ya ar~yv<.i>oet, OTfl ot6pK&ta rwv onofwv, Tl nmiva
ouv~x~~~ va Ofl!Jtoupy~irat. M6N.c; Tl ~mcpav~10 ar~yvwo~t ~vr~wc; , ylv~rat ~mKOAUll.Jfl ll~ K~pL
E£vm OTJf.lOVTtK6 va txet oAoKArypweel '7 OTJf.ltoupyla rryc; rrarlvac; Kat '7 emcpaveta va txet areyvwoet reAeiwc;,
rrptv va emKaJ.ucpeei f.l& Ktpi. Ie rrsptf36M.ov uypaaiac; '7 XPOVLKrJ ou1pKeta rou areyvwf1aroc; f1Tropd va
sm{3paouved yw apKeric; s{3oof16oec;.
5.
MnA& - np601VI'J noTfvo a& nopToKoAi - Kocpt un6rJo9po - Matt
Ammonium carbonate
24gm
Potassium hydrogen tartrate
COOH.CH(OH).CH(OH) .COOK
6gm
Sodium chloride
NACI
6gm
Copper sulphate
cuso•.5Hp
6gm
Acetic Acid (6% OlOAUIJO)
CH 3 COOH
OOfl noaOTflTO XP&t6~&Tal
yta va yfve1 noA.T6c;
AlapK&Io &cpopJJoyr}c; noATou: opKertc; rwtp&c;
Ta OUOTOTlKO y(VOVTOI evac; Kp&IJWOflC: noA.roc; IJ& Tfl f3o!')8&ta O~lKOU
o~ewc;
KOI XPflOliJOnOLWVTac; youoo-
XEPl KOI youoi. 0 noXr6c; aM<.i>ve-rat IJ€ tva 1JoAOK6 mveXo, Tl emcp6ve1a acpf)ve-rm va
ar~yvwo~L y ta
ouo
TliJEp&c; KOI &navaA.aiJf36verm OTfl ouvexeta Tl lOlO OlOOlKQOlO. Acpou areyv<.i>O&I &VT&Xwc;, Tl emcpaV&lQ
TPif3e-rm ano.Aa IJ& IJlO f3ouproa IJ& cpuotKri rpixa. war~ va e~o1Jo.Auv8ei KOI va acpatpeeouv ruxov unoMliJIJOTa KOI IJ~Ta o.Aef<p~Tat IJ~ K~pL
Eav o rroAr6c; txet avaf18LxBeff.lE: toxup6n;po Ot.OAuf.la of,LKou
oE,iwc; (15-3C?Io), r6re unapxet aaeevtarepry rrpoaK6A-
NJOTJ T71c: rrarivac; arTJV eruq>CM;ta, f.lE: arrortJ.eaf.lO va acprJVet aKOAumo rf.lr7f.1o rou rroproKaJJ.-Kacpi un6{3aBpou.
10
EIIIIH N IKO
INITI T OYTO
ANA n TV':HI
X AIIKOY
na TTJV acpaipco11 JJC {3oupToa TWV unoACtJJJJCrrWv Tou XPWJJOTtOJJOU, civat anapalr17TO va XP'70tJJOnot'1ecl
JJta JJDOxa npoownou, '7 onola ea nptnct va civat ccpo~taOJJtV'1 xat JJC ct~IK6 cpO..Tpo yta TTJ ox6v17.
np6oiVI'J - IJnA& I np60IVI'J (nOIKIA6xpw1Jo) naTfva -semi - matt
6.
Ammonia ( 880 6tOAUIJO )
NH3
Sodium chloride
NaCI
20gm/Xirpo
T&XVIKI') OTIJOU (apK&Ttc; I')IJtp&c;)
To XOAKlVO OVTlK&(IJ&vo nou StXOUIJ& va o~et6woou1-1e TE:)(VIlT6, rono8&reirat f) avaprehm oe tva 6oxe(o,
01TJI360TJ rou onoiou 136~0UIJE: ro sodium chloride KOl TO 6tOAUIJO TTJc; OIJIJCA>Viac;.
To avrtKE:iiJ&vo Sa nptnet va txe1 K6nota an60TOOTJ an6 ro uyp6, <i>ate va IJI'lV tpx&rm oe enaq>l)IJO~i rou
KOl IJE: TtToto Tp6no, ciJOTe 01 OT).loi va em6p6oouv e~ioou oe 6A&c; Tt<; nh&uptc; rou.
eo nptnet eniOT)<; va
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818/\IOfPACI>IA
•
Kupfer Dachdeckung- Kupfer Bauklempnerei " Deutsches Kupfer lnstitut", Berlin.
•
Sheet copper in building construction, "Copper and Brass Research
Association", New York.
•
British Standard Code of Practice.
•
"Copper in architecture" CDA New York
•
" II rame sui tetti "C. Comoletti, Electa, 1994
•
Modern Applications of Sheet Copper in building Constructions,
CABRA, New York 1948.
J02
•
II rame nell'architettura, I tetti, CISAR, Milano 1964.
•
Copper in Roofing, CDA, UK, 1985.
•
Architektur mit Kupfer, DKI, 1987.
•
Cu biertas, pro Cobre, 1991.
•
" Roofing, Pocket book, Copper Roofing Advisory Service", CDA, UK, 1992.
•
Tejados de cobre, CEDIC, 1993.
•
European Architecture with Copper. ECRC, 1993.
•
Alvar Aalto, a cura di K. Fleig, Zanichell, 1978.
•
Coperture di rame, Pennacchio, 1990.
E II II H N I K 0
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