Outstanding Paper - Emerald Group Publishing
Transcription
Outstanding Paper - Emerald Group Publishing
2012 Awards for Excellence Our full listing of the 2012 Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence winners www.emeraldinsight.com/literati Contents The importance of being an award winner Rebecca Marsh 1 Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence 2012: overview of the awards by Jim Bowden 2 Outstanding Papers 3 Highly Commended Awards 2012 120 Outstanding Author Contribution 2012 168 Best Practical Implications Award 2012 178 Social Impact Award 2012 179 Impact of Research Award 2012 180 Best New Journal Award 2012 181 Outstanding Special Issue Award 2012 182 Leading Editor Awards 2012 184 Leading Books Series Editor Awards 2012 186 Outstanding Service Awards 2012 – Journals 187 Outstanding Service Awards 2012 – Books 189 Outstanding Reviewers 2012 190 Emerald Partnership Award – Publishing Partner 2012 203 Citations of Excellence Awards 204 The importance of being an award winner We are delighted to announce the winners of the Awards for Excellence for the 2011 volumes. The Awards for Excellence are presented annually and publicly recognise and encourage the pursuit of excellence in research. They play a pivotal role in highlighting research that has contributed to developments in the fields they represent. What is unique about Emerald’s Awards for Excellence is the use of both quantitative measures and considered qualitative review to establish our winners. Emerald’s editors and advisors, all of whom are highly recognised experts in their disciplines, have made selections based on feedback, the knowledge of the areas of research and a review of quantitative data such as usage and citation. Therefore, the selections have been through a rigorous review and are not reliant on one measure in isolation. Emerald recognises the important service that we provide to the research community through the Awards programme. We have recently formed a Service Development function to identify new ways in which we can promote excellent research through our community of award winners. One of the core objectives of Emerald’s publishing philosophy is to promote the impact of research in its widest sense (in the classroom, in practice, in policy and in society at large). Emerald has been committed to the notion of impact and the connection between what is happening in research and what is happening in practice since the company’s foundation. However, demonstrating impact is not easy or straightforward. We hope that the awards selected by our editorial teams enable authors to demonstrate impact in a very important way. More common measures of impact serve slightly different purposes: citation is useful because it provides a snapshot of how often a piece of research has been referenced; usage indicates how many people have actually read, or at least opened, a paper. However, an award signals something else which is equally, if not more, important. The research has been fully evaluated, normally by a panel of experts within the specific field of the title, and has been considered to offer something outstanding. In general, we look for research that is rigorous but also pushes boundaries, presents something original or helps us to see an aspect of the field of study in a new light. We hope you enjoy browsing through the brochure and congratulate all the winners who have been awarded a certificate for the 2011 volume. Lastly, and as always, I would like to sincerely thank the hundreds of editors and reviewers who have taken many hours to evaluate the research contained in the journals and books. Rebecca Marsh Publishing Director 1 Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence 2012 With over 100,000 authors worldwide, the Emerald Literati Network continues to be in a class of its own. The geographical demographic of our authors is also matched by the global spread of our users. Emerald’s unstinting effort to bring our authors’ work to a wider audience has resulted in a potential readership of 17 million users worldwide, from Australia to Zimbabwe. There are over 180,000 full-text journal articles alone online and, if you include Emerald’s books, book series, reviews and abstracts, there are over 1 million pieces of content available from Emerald. And this information is not simply available online; it is used online. For example, our most downloaded article in 2011 was downloaded almost 45,000 times. Thank you to each and every one of you who has contributed to this story of success. For winners of our best paper and best chapter awards, I am happy to inform you that the promotion accompanying the Awards for Excellence, including free online access, has significantly increased the number of times your papers have been downloaded (by an average of 20 per cent over a three-month period). I have no doubt that these figures will be more than adequately reflected in the citation statistics over the coming years. 2011 saw some important improvements to benefits for Emerald Literati Network members, most notably all journal authors receiving three months’ complimentary online access to all our journals immediately following publication of their work. 2012 has continued this drive for improved services for Literati members by, since late September, offering online journal access to reviewers of Emerald papers. Plans are already in place for 2013 to significantly improve services and benefits across the board for all our members. One other major recent change has been to the prestigious Citations of Excellence Awards. Every year, Emerald Management Reviews rewards authors of exceptional papers covered in its extensive database with a Citation of Excellence Award. Emerald adopted last year a new approach to selecting the winners of these prestigious awards in order to reflect the changing perceptions and assessment of quality in the publishing world. Following the success of last year’s inaugural awards, Emerald is delighted to continue working with Professor Anne Wil-Harzing, using the Publish or Perish software program (www.harzing.com/pop.htm), to select the winners using a two-tier system based on citations and research impact. The 2012 winners’ details can be found in this booklet. Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all of our authors for choosing to publish in Emerald journals and books. It is only through your efforts that we can continue to provide research of the highest quality. Please do remember to check our website regularly to read all the latest news, catch up on our calls for papers and advice on promoting your work at: www.emeraldinsight.com/ authors Jim Bowden Emerald Literati Network Manager 2 Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal Accounting Research Journal Mary Parker Follett Award Outstanding Paper Named in memory of a pioneering woman in the field of management and accountability literature, who was international and interdisciplinary in her focus. Real and accrual-based earnings management and its legal consequences: evidence from seasoned equity offerings Outstanding Paper Salma Ibrahim Department of Accounting and Finance, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK Impression management and retrospective sense-making in corporate narratives: a social psychology perspective Li Xu Department of Accounting and Finance, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA Doris M. Merkl-Davies Bangor University, Bangor, UK Genese Rogers Niamh M. Brennan Department of Accounting and Finance, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Abstract Stuart J. McLeay Purpose – Prior research suggests that firms manipulate earnings through accruals to achieve certain reporting objectives. Recently, especially following the Sarbanes-Oxley (SarbOx) Act, researchers have turned their attention to real account manipulation as an alternative. However, there is no evidence on whether the likelihood of being detected by outsiders is different for firms using these alternative manipulation methods. The purpose of this paper is to examine this research question in the context of seasoned equity offerings (SEOs). Design/methodology/approach – First, the authors compare SEOs to a matched sample of non-SEOs to document incomeincreasing manipulation. Next, they identify SEOs that prompt lawsuits and compare sued and non-sued firms to determine whether using a particular method of manipulation is more likely to be detected and associated with litigation. Findings – The authors find evidence of income-increasing accrual and real manipulation for SEOs in the year prior to the offering in the pre-SarbOx period, and find some evidence of a shift to real account manipulation post-SarbOx. The authors examine the subsequent litigation pattern of these SEOs, and find that firms that are subsequently sued have a higher prevalence of income-increasing discretionary accruals when the lawsuit allegations involve accounting issues. Following SarbOx, investors are paying less attention to accrual manipulation through accounts receivable and there is more scrutiny of real account manipulation. Originality/value – The implication in this paper is that firms that engage in income-increasing earnings management are more likely to be sued when they engage in accrual manipulation while other forms of manipulation may be less understood. This finding is important to investors and regulators. Keywords Accrual manipulation, Earnings management, Litigation, Real manipulation, Sarbanes-Oxley, Seasoned equity offerings, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10309611111148779 University of Sussex, Brighton, UK Abstract Purpose – Prior accounting research views impression management predominantly though the lens of economics. Drawing on social psychology research, this paper seeks to provide a complementary perspective on corporate annual narrative reporting as characterised by conditions of ‘‘ex post accountability’’. These give rise to impression management resulting from the managerial anticipation of the feedback effects of information and/or to managerial sense-making by means of the retrospective framing of organisational outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – A content analysis approach pioneered by psychology research is used, which is based on the psychological dimension of word use, to investigate the chairmen’s statements of 93 UK listed companies. Findings – Results suggest that firms do not use chairmen’s statements to create an impression at variance with an overall reading of the annual report. It was found that negative organisational outcomes prompt managers to engage in retrospective sense-making, rather than to present a public image of organisational performance inconsistent with the view internally held by management (self-presentational dissimulation). Further, managers of large firms use chairmen’s statements to portray an accurate (i.e. consistent with an overall reading of the annual report), albeit favourable, image of the firm and of organisational outcomes (i.e. impression management by means of enhancement). Originality/value – The approach makes it possible to investigate three complementary scenarios of managerial corporate annual reporting behaviour: self-presentational dissimulation, impression management by means of enhancement, and retrospective sensemaking. Keywords Annual reports, Chairmen, Social psychology www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09513571111124036 AAAJ ARJ Volume 24 Number 3, 2011, pp. 315-44 Editors: James Guthrie and Lee Parker Volume 24 Number 1, 2011, pp. 50-78 Editors: Natalie Gallery and Gerry Gallery 3 Advances in Dual Diagnosis Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The drugs, the NHS, recovery and me? . . . Autism and autistic traits in people exposed to heavy prenatal alcohol: data from a clinical series of 21 individuals and nested case control study Alix Hind Peer Support Worker, The Woodlands, Highbury Hospital, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Bulwell, UK Raja Mukherjee Borders Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK Abstract Michael Layton Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe examples of service user involvement to demonstrate how they can significantly enhance service provision for people with mental health, substance misuse, and co-existing mental health and substance misuse problems (dual diagnosis), and in so doing, enhance their own recovery. Design/methodology/approach – The personal story of one service user illustrates a range of involvement activities: membership of service user panels, development of an anti-stigma campaign, mentorship of trust staff, and employment as a peer support worker in both mental health and substance misuse services. Findings – Service provision in mental health and substance misuse services has been enhanced through the genuine involvement of service users. This involvement has been an important factor in building the confidence and skills of service users and supporting them in their own recovery. Originality/value – The paper describes several innovative involvement initiatives and highlights the dual benefits of these roles to services and the service users employed in them. Keywords Drug addiction, Dual diagnosis, Mental health services, Peer support worker, Recovery, Service user involvement www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17570971111163019 South Cherwell Community Learning Disability Team, UK Evan Yacoub John Howard Centre, London, UK Jeremy Turk Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, UK Abstract Associations between fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other conditions have been reported, but the links between FAS and autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) remain unclear. This study explored the relationship between FAS and ASD in individuals attending a specialist diagnostic clinic. Consecutive referrals over 24 months to a specialist neurodevelopmental clinic were evaluated using gold standard methods for FAS diagnosis and ASD. The first 18-month cohort who met criteria for ASD were compared with controls attending the same clinic but who had not experienced prenatal alcohol exposure (nested data). Data for the whole group were also collected. Twenty-one fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) individuals were assessed and 16 (72 per cent) met ICD-10 criteria for childhood autism. Further significant differences between the prenatally exposed and non-exposed group with ASD were found in the nested study. The research shows an association between heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and ASD. As this is a small sample in a specialist clinic, the study suggests that a larger, more population-based study of those exposed to heavy prenatal alcohol is warranted. Keywords Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder, Autism, Autistic spectrum disorders, Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, Fetal alcohol syndrome, Intellectual disability, Learning disabilities, Social functioning www.emeraldinsight.com/10.5042/amhid.2011.0015 ADD AMHID Volume 4 Number 2, 2011, pp. 84-90 Editors: Elizabeth Hughes and Gail Gilchrist Volume 5 Number 1, 2011, pp. 42-49 Editors: Steve Hardy and Jane McCarthy 4 African Journal of Economic and Management Studies Agricultural Finance Review Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Motivation to become an entrepreneur: a study of Nigerian women’s decisions Default and loss given default in agriculture Glenn Pederson Satwinder Singh Nicholas Sakaimbo Brunel Business School, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota, USA Ruth Simpson Brunel Business School, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK Abstract Chima Mordi Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between loan default and loss given default (LGD) in an agricultural loan portfolio. The analysis employs a simulation model approach to evaluate the role that systematic and non-systematic risks play in determining the economic capital requirements under different agricultural economic conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The authors employ the theoretical approach suggested by Miu and Ozdemir to assess the role of LGD in the banking industry. A Monte Carlo simulation model is developed using Excel and calibrated to an agricultural credit association using historical data. The simulation model is used to evaluate the mark-up to economic capital that is implied by increasing credit risks due to cyclical changes in farm real estate values. Findings – The paper demonstrates that historical systematic risks due to the correlation between probability of default (PD) and LGD through the business cycle can result in a significant mark-up in the economic capital required by an agricultural lender. Using historical land price changes as the driver of systematic risk, the authors show that the correlations between changing PD and land values and between the PD and LGD provide evidence of how sensitive credit risk exposure is to these parameters. Originality/value – This paper is the first application of the Miu and Ozdemir model of systematic risk to an agricultural lending institution. The model approach can be adapted by farm lenders to evaluate their changing economic capital requirements through an economic cycle in agriculture. Keywords Agriculture, Business cycles, Credit, Default, Loss, Simulation, Systematic risk www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00021461111152546 Brunel Business School, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UK Chinonye Okafor College of Business and Social Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria Abstract Purpose – The paper aims to draw on rational choice theory (RCT) to explore factors underpinning the decision by female entrepreneurs in Nigeria to enter self-employment. Design/methodology/approach – A survey research design involving the use of questionnaire and structured interviews to obtain primary data was adopted. Primary data pertain to 300 female entrepreneurs currently engaged in their businesses in three states within the south-west of the country. A model developed from reviewed literature and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse data. Findings – Findings suggest the significance of ‘‘educational’’ and ‘‘family’’ capital, an ‘‘internal’’ orientation to social recognition as well as an "external" environment characterised by deregulation of the economy. Results broadly conform to RCT theory postulates of rational behaviour. Research limitations/implications – Inter-regional variances could not be addressed since the data are analysed in aggregate. Analysis of disaggregate data are required to study these differences and also those at the inter-sector (manufacturing/ services, etc.) levels. Practical implications – Results from the study indicate that the government measures such as de-regulation which may as yet be in small measures have started to work and that these should be continued. The government can go a step further and identify entrepreneurs with characteristics described in this paper and provide them with the requisite help to get them started on the entrepreneurship route. Originality/value – The study makes a theoretical contribution by applying the lens of rational choice to this specific context. It also makes an original empirical contribution by focussing on an underresearched group by examining the influence of personal, social, market and environmental factors on the probability of females becoming entrepreneurs. Keywords Binary logistic model, Female entrepreneurs, Motivation, Nigeria, Rational choice theory, Women www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20400701111165641 AJEMS AFR Volume 2 Number 2, 2011, pp. 202-19 Editor: John Kuada Volume 71 Number 2, 2011, pp. 148-61 Editor: Calum G. Turvey 5 Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials Arts Marketing Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on the sacrificial anode cathodic protection The business of authenticity: a false relation? An International Journal Nick Wilson Shengnan Hu King’s College London, London, UK Tao Zhang Abstract Yawei Shao Purpose – The purpose of this research paper is to consider the aesthetic and commercial success of the ‘‘early music’’ or ‘‘historically informed performance’’ (HIP) movement during the 1970s and 1980s in the UK. Particular attention is given to the relationship between HIP performers and ‘‘the authenticity business’’ (i.e. the market-driven commercial exploitation of this form of musical performance). Design/methodology/approach – Through applying the metaphor of the ‘‘false relation’’ (a musical compositional device characteristic of the renaissance period), the paper explores the contradictory relationship between HIP and the market. The research is based on a detailed literature review relating to the emergence of the early music labour market, and interviews with 40 experts in the field (including HIP music directors, performers, agents, broadcasters, record company directors and instrument makers in the UK). Findings – Far from being a mere backdrop to the ideologically driven practice of HIP, the paper demonstrates the close connection between market-led entrepreneurial activity of some performers, and the subsequent success of early music performance. Particular attention is brought to the mediating role of authenticity discourse in bridging the art-commerce divide and marketing early music successfully. Originality/value – The paper offers a novel perspective from which to understand the artistic and commercial development of this cultural movement. It is suggested that the emphasis on the mediating role of authenticity discourse; and the closeness of the relationship between performance ideology and market-based practices warrants further research across artistic and cultural movements more broadly. Keywords Authenticity, Early music, Emergence, Entrepreneurs, Marketing, Performance, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20442081111180377 Corrosion and Protection Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China Guozhe Meng Fuhui Wanga State Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on the protective performance of cathodic protection (CP) system consisting of Zn-Bi sacrificial anode and Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel. Design/methodology/approach – The anode and cathode polarization curves of the driving potential and current for CP were investigated in case of cyclic hydrostatic pressure (0-3.5 MPa) and compared with that at atmospheric pressure. The morphologies of the anode material with and without corrosion products were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Findings – The experimental results revealed that the cyclic hydrostatic pressure had significant influence on the CP system. The anode potential instantaneously responded to the cyclic hydrostatic pressure and the discharge performance decreased due to the deposition of corrosion product. Also, the CP system exhibited higher slope parameter under cyclic hydrostatic pressure, indicating that the CP system cannot provide adequate protection for Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel. Originality/value – The results presented in this paper clearly show the effect of cyclic hydrostatic pressure on the sacrificial anode CP system, and present a foundation for further research on the practical application of sacrificial anode under cyclic hydrostatic pressure environment. Keywords Cathodic protection, Zn-Bi sacrificial anode, Cyclic hydrostatic pressure, Circuit current, Slope parameter, Hydrostatics www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00035591111167703 AM ACMM Volume 1 Number 2, 2011, pp. 159-70 Editors: Noel Dennis, Gretchen Larsen and Michael Macaulay Volume 58 Number 5, 2011, pp. 238-44 Editor: William Cox 6 Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Consumer tribes: membership, consumption and building loyalty Ethical reasoning differences between accountants and managers Cleo Mitchell Guangyou Liu Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand School of Business, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Brian C. Imrie Abstract Department of Marketing, Taylor’s Business School, Taylor’s University, Selangor, Malaysia Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test whether significant differences in ethical reasoning exist between Chinese accountants and managers when facing an ethical dilemma. Further tests are conducted to identify what professional contextual factors and personal value preferences can be introduced to explain the ethical reasoning differences observed. Design/methodology/approach – Three research questions are raised and related hypotheses are developed and tested by the use of a defined issue test (DIT) instrument containing four hypothetical scenarios of different dilemmatic issues, and a Rokeach values survey questionnaire adapted to suit the Chinese business culture. Findings – The findings and conclusions include: Chinese managers and accountants are not significantly differentiated in terms of ethical reasoning levels measured by the overall DIT instrument, however, the break-down results of the DIT individual dilemmatic scenarios shows that significant differences exist between the two professional types in three out of four scenarios. Second, gender and frequency of making compromises are two significant contextual determinant of ethical reasoning levels of managers but not those of accountants, and for the accountants, no significant contextual factors are observed in the current study. Third, in determining the impacts of value preferences on ethical reasoning levels, the four-factor classification approach produces a more contrasting result than the seven-factor classification approach. Research limitations/implications – The selection of the four scenarios in the DIT instrument is subjective according to the designation of the test, and Chinese business profession’s ethical ideologies might differ among different regions. However, these research limitations might inspire further ethics research on crossregional comparisons in China and other emerging economies. Practical implications – In Chinese surging markets, appropriate socio-economic order can only be maintained by highly ethical reasoning and conduct on the part of business managers and accountants. The current results and findings would help to identify what factors and value preferences weigh more, in order to improve the professional ethicality. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the research literature of business ethics by adding a managers-accountants comparative study on ethical reasoning differences, especially the ethicality of two different professions in emerging economies; further, it includes contextual factors and value preferences in identifying those determinants of ethical reasoning differences. Keywords Accountants, Business ethics, China, Defined issue test, Differences, Managers, Professional ethics, Reasoning, Rokeach values survey www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17574321111169803 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to extend the emergent consumer tribe literature to facilitate a more complete understanding of the antecedents and roles implicit within consumer tribal membership. Principally a conceptual paper, this study focuses upon how a more complete understanding of consumer roles can be leveraged to create sustainable loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – This study comprised an examination of the tribe’s social behaviour, membership roles and influence on individual consumption. The research was approached interpretively with a case study design investigating a tribe of vinyl record collectors in a New Zealand context. Findings – Key findings include the confirmation of Kozinets’ antecedents of tribal membership and the four roles of tribal members previously conceptualised by Cova and Cova. The tribe was found to have a core set of values that moderated any individual differences. A hierarchy, managed through the distribution of ‘‘cultural capital’’, was found to exist amongst the group. In an extension of Cova’s modelling a fifth role of ‘‘Chief’’ was identified, whereby the Chief was found to act as an opinion leader and organiser amongst the group. Research limitations/implications – Owing to constraints of both time and research funding, only one tribe was examined in this case study, hence the results are very specific to the group studied. Future research should apply the managerial implications from this study to other case contexts to test and expand understanding of consumer tribe dynamics and the creation of consumer loyalty. Originality/value – This paper creates a link between extant consumer behaviour, loyalty and consumer culture theory. The presented results have implications for the marketing manager through advancement towards creation of a model of tools a firm can use to connect with and build sustainable loyalty with consumer tribes. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Customer loyalty, Influence, Leadership, Marketing strategy www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13555851111099989 APJML APJBA Volume 23 Number 1, 2011, pp. 39-56 Editor: Ian Phau Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 97-113 Editor: Peter Steane 7 Asian Review of Accounting Aslib Proceedings Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The impact of cultural factors on students’ learning style preferences: a global comparison between Japan, Australia and Belgium A comparison of link and URL citation counting New information perspectives Mike Thelwall School of Technology, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK Gregory Boland School of Business and Government, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia Abstract Purpose – Link analysis is an established topic within webometrics. It normally uses counts of links between sets of web sites or to sets of web sites. These link counts are derived from web crawlers or commercial search engines with the latter being the only alternative for some investigations. This paper compares link counts with URL citation counts in order to assess whether the latter could be a replacement for the former if the major search engines withdraw their advanced hyperlink search facilities. Design/methodology/approach – URL citation counts are compared with link counts for a variety of data sets used in previous webometric studies. Findings – The results show a high degree of correlation between the two but with URL citations being much less numerous, at least outside academia and business. Research limitations/implications – The results cover a small selection of 15 case studies and so the findings are only indicative. Significant differences between results indicate that the difference between link counts and URL citation counts will vary between webometric studies. Practical implications – Should link searches be withdrawn, then link analyses of less well linked non-academic, non-commercial sites would be seriously weakened, although citations based on e-mail addresses could help to make citations more numerous than links for some business and academic contexts. Originality/value – This is the first systematic study of the difference between link counts and URL citation counts in a variety of contexts and it shows that there are significant differences between the two. Keywords Internet, Link analysis, Online impact, Search engines, URL citations, Web sites, Webometrics www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00012531111148985 Satoshi Sugahara Faculty of Commerce Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima, Japan Evelien Opdecam Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium Patricia Everaert Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine empirically the relationship between cultural factors and students’ learning style preferences in the context of the current global convergence in accounting education. Design/methodology/approach – Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory and Hofstede’s Value Survey Model for Young People were administered to 244 undergraduate students studying accounting in Japanese, Australian and Belgian universities. Findings – The outcome of this research revealed that the student groups from Australia and Belgium tended to be more individualistic in their learning and were more willing to learn by doing, while Japanese students do not prefer to learn by doing, but prefer learning by watching. Originality/value – The results might be of interest to accounting educators to assist them with the smooth introduction of the International Education Standards (IES) by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) and the International Accounting Education Standard Board (IAESB). Keywords Australia, Belgium, Cultural dimensions, International Accounting Education Standards Board, International Education Standards (IES) for profes, International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), Japan, Learning styles www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13217341111185155 ARA AP Volume 19 Number 3, 2011, pp. 243-65 Editor: Jeffrey Faux Volume 63 Number 4, 2011, pp. 419-25 Editor: Amanda Spink 8 Assembly Automation Baltic Journal of Management Gunter Wittenberg Award Gunter Wittenberg (d. 1995), a dedicated engineer, who made his knowledge of assembly automation available in simple, clear and concise papers. He received the Nuffield Silver Medal for services to the Institute of Production Engineers. He worked for Amnesty International and charities, using his engineering skills in harnessing technical advances to help the disabled. Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Simple rules to modify pre-planned paths and improve gross robot motions associated with pick & place assembly tasks Antecedents of performance of multi-level channels in transitional economies Laura Salciuviene David Sanders Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster, UK Giles Tewkesbury James Reardon Jasper Graham-Jones Monfort College of Business, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA Systems Engineering Research Group, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK Vilte Auruskeviciene ISM University of Management and Economics, Vilnius, Lithuania Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to describe real time improvements to the performance and trajectories of robots for which paths had already been planned by some means, automatic or otherwise. The techniques are applied to industrial robots during the gross motions associated with pick and place tasks. Simple rules for path improvement are described. Design/methodology/approach – The dynamics of the manipulator in closed form Lagrange equations are used to represent the dynamics by a set of second-order coupled non-linear differential equations. The form of these equations is exploited in an attempt to establish some simple rules. Sub-optimal paths are improved by considering simple rules developed from the model of the machinery dynamics. By considering the physical limitations of the manipulator, performance was improved by refining precalculated paths. Experiments were performed with a prototype robot and an old Puma 560 robot in a laboratory environment. Once the method had been tested successfully then experiments were conducted with a Kuka KR125 Robot at Ford Motor Company. The measured quantities for all the robots were drive currents to the motors (which represented the torques) and the joint angular positions. Findings – The method of path refinement presented in this paper uses a simplified model of the robot dynamics to successfully improve the gross motions associated with a pick and place task. The advantage of using the input-output form described was that intermediate nonlinearities (such as gear friction) and the motor characteristics were directly incorporated into the model. Research limitations/implications – Even though many of the theoretical problems in manipulator dynamics have been solved, the question of how to best apply the theories to industrial manipulators is still being debated. In the work presented in this paper, information on system dynamics is used to produce simple rules for ‘‘path improvement’’. Practical implications – Most fast algorithms are for mobile robots and algorithms are scarcer for manipulators with revolute joints (the most popular type of industrial robot). This work presents real time methods that allow the robot to continue working while new global paths are automatically planned and improved as necessary. Originality/value – Motion planning for manipulators with many degrees of freedom is a complex task and research in this area has been mostly restricted to static environments, offline simulation or virtual environments. This research is applied in real time to industrial robots with revolute joints. Keywords Assembly, Motion, Real time scheduling, Robotics www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01445151111104191 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the antecedents of channel performance in a multi-level marketing (MLM) channel. Design/methodology/approach – Personal interviews with 105 distributors from network marketing companies operating in Lithuania, provided data for this study. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation model (LISREL). Findings – The findings suggest that trust, locus of control and shared values are moderated by channel commitment of the downstream channel members. Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to one country under investigation, therefore further research needs to be extended to other economies. Researchers might also identify additional variables affecting channel performance as well as undertake a longitudinal approach of the focal areas of commitment and channel performance. Practical implications – This study is of managerial interest, as the framework suggested in this study may be applied by MLM firms to monitor their networks and evaluate multi-level channel performance. Originality/value – MLM channels offer a unique alternative and underutilized distribution channel for many companies, yet limited theoretical research has been accomplished in this arena. MLM channels are very interpersonal by their very nature and thus we extend the relationship marketing paradigm to MLM. In addition, transitional economies tend to have less developed marketing channels, and therefore are prime targets for MLM. Thus, this research specifically examines MLM in a transitioning economy. Keywords Distribution channels and markets, Lithuania, Multilevel marketing, Relationship marketing www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17465261111100914 AA BJM Volume 31 Number 1, 2011, pp. 69-78 Editor: Clive Loughlin Volume 6 Number 1, 2011, pp. 89-104 Editor: Asta Pundziene 9 British Food Journal Built Environment Project and Asset Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Where innovation processes make a difference in products’ short- and long-term market success Performance of mid-project reviews (MPRs): quantification based on fuzzy recognition Ming Xu Christien M. Enzing Colin Duffield Technopolis Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Maarten H. Batterink Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Department of Business Administration, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Jianqin Ma North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China Felix H.A. Janszen Department of Management of Technology and Innovation, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate an innovative Fuzzy Recognition Based-Benefit Estimation Model (FRB-BEM) to quantify the benefits obtained from a Mid-Project Review (MPR) (e.g. the Gateway Review Process (GRP)). This is a quantitative assessment to evaluate the benefits obtained from conducting MPRs. With the wide adoption of MPR internationally, such measurements will better support critical decisions in capital projects and also assist to optimize project lifecycle performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopted Relative Membership Degree (RMD) based fuzzy sets as the fundamental theory to develop the FRB-BEM utilizing linguistic information from MPR reports. It was then tested by analysis of an aviation IT project that underwent a Gateway review. A parametric study was also conducted to calibrate the model. Findings – The FRB-BEM developed and validated in this paper provided a viable approach to quantify the total benefits obtained from undertaking MPRs. Research limitations/implications – Refinement of the FRB-BEM assumptions would benefit from testing against a wide project sample set. Practical implications – Using the FRB-BEM applications to better demonstrate the benefits of MPRs. Originality/value – The paper demonstrates how FRB-BEM has extended RMD based fuzzy sets theory into applications for MPRs and incorporated fuzzy level values based on linguistic interpretation of hard data. Keywords Capital projects, Decision making, Fuzzy sets, Models, Procurement, Project management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20441241111180406 S.W.F. (Onno) Omta Department of Business Administration, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to investigate with reference to which factors the innovation processes of new and improved products differ and how these factors relate to the products’ success on the market, with a specific focus on technology – and market-related factors. Design/methodology approach – Data were collected on 129 products of the Dutch food and beverages (F&B) industry announced in professional journals in 1998. Questionnaires were used in 2000 to evaluate product innovativeness, product innovation process factors and short-term market performance; whereas in 2005 long-term market performance was measured. Findings – The results show that there are considerable differences in the innovation processes of new versus improved products and in the role of process-related aspects in the short- and long-term market success of these products. Interestingly, taking the current emphasis on market orientation in the F&B industry into account, technology-related aspects are especially crucial for long-term market success. Originality/value – The study distinguishes between product development processes of new versus improved products and relates innovation process factors to the success not of the company as a whole but of the specific product that is under development. This is a new approach. Moreover, the success of products is measured not only soon after market launch, but also after several years. It fills an important research gap by investigating success factors of products that have become cash cows of F&B companies. Keywords Food industry, Innovation, Innovation process, Market performance, Product innovativeness, The Netherlands www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00070701111148379 BFJ BEPAM Volume 113 Number 7, 2011, pp. 812-37 Editor: Christopher J. Griffith Volume 1 Number 2, 2011, pp. 137-55 Editor: Mohan Kumaraswamy 10 Business Strategy Series Career Development International Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Benefits of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management Publish or perish: academic life as management faculty live it Tajinder Pal Singh Toor Alan N. Miller Business Solutions Manager at IBM, Brussels, Belgium Department of Management, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA Teena Dhir Captain in the Indian Army, India Shannon G. Taylor Abstract Department of Management, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight benefits of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management. The paper focuses on need of advanced business intelligence and the crucial role of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management. Various case studies are used to highlight benefits. Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses on need of advanced business intelligence and the crucial role of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management. Various case studies are used to highlight benefits. Findings – Benefits of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management. Case studies are used to highlight benefits. Practical implications – Benefits of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management. Originality/value – The value of the paper is that there is very little published writing on benefits of integrated business planning, forecasting, and process management stressed upon by the use of case studies. Keywords Business Planning, Forecasting, Integrated business process management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17515631111185914 Arthur G. Bedeian BSS CDI Volume 12 Number 6, 2011, pp. 275-88 Editor: Alfred Lewis Volume 16 Number 5, 2011, pp. 422-45 Editor: Jim Jawahar Department of Management, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA Abstract Purpose – Although many in academe have speculated about the effects of pressure to publish on the management discipline – often referred to as ‘‘publish or perish’’ – prevailing knowledge has been based on anecdotal rather than empirical evidence. The aim of the present paper is to shed light on the perceptions of management faculty regarding the pressure to publish imperative. Design/methodology/approach – The authors surveyed faculty in 104 management departments of AACSB accredited, researchoriented US business schools to explore the prevalence, sources, and effects of pressure to publish. Findings – Results indicate that pressure to publish affects both tenured and tenure-track management faculty, although the latter, as a group, feel significantly more pressure than those who are tenured. The primary source of this pressure is faculty themselves who are motivated by the prospects of enhancing their professional reputation, leaving a permanent mark on their profession, and increasing their salary and job mobility. The effects of pressure to publish include heightened stress levels; the marginalization of teaching; and research that may lack relevance, creativity, and innovation. Research limitations/implications – The sample was intentionally restricted to faculty from management departments affiliated with research-oriented US business schools and does not include faculty from departments that are less research-oriented and, therefore, would be expected to put less pressure on their faculty to publish. Practical implications – Although the effects of pressure to publish are not necessarily always negative, the paper offers some fundamental suggestions to management (and other) faculty who wish to mitigate the deleterious effects of pressure to publish. Originality/value – Although the findings may not be surprising to more seasoned faculty, to the authors’ knowledge this is the first time they have been documented in the published literature. As such, they advance discussions of ‘‘publish or perish’’ beyond mere conjecture and ‘‘shared myths’’ allowing management faculty to more rationally debate its consequences and their implications for academic life. Keywords Academic life, Business schools, Management research, Pressure to publish, Publish or perish, Publishing, Research work, Tenure and promotion www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13620431111167751 11 China Agricultural Economic Review China Finance Review International Outstanding Paper Factors affecting crop insurance purchases in China: the inner Mongolia region Milton Boyd Outstanding Paper Department of Agribusiness & Agricultural Economics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada and Warren Centre for Actuarial Studies & Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Ultimate ownership, institutions and listed companies’ debt financing: based on the perspective of controlling shareholders Jeffrey Pai Warren Centre for Actuarial Studies & Research, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Yu Honghai Qiao Zhang School of Management and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Agricultural Information Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Digital Agricultural Early-Warning Technology of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Xu Longbing School of Finance, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, China H. Holly Wang Chen Baizhu Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA Marshall School of Business, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA Ke Wang Agricultural Information Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, People’s Republic of China and Key Laboratory of Digital Agricultural Early-Warning Technology of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the capital structure of firms when controlling shareholders decide on the level of debt financing in an environment with poor legal protection. Design/methodology/approach – Theoretically this paper uses a dynamic model to analyze how the controlling shareholder expropriates the firm’s benefit through debt financing. Empirically this paper uses a sample of Chinese publicly listed firms from 2004 to 2007, through the method of OLS and panel data, to verify the theoretical predictions. Findings – Theoretically this paper finds that firms with controlling shareholders will take excess debt financing in an environment of controlled interest rate and poor legal protection to minority shareholders. Government intervention exacerbates while controlling shareholder’s cash flow rights constrains excess debt financing. The empirical results conclude that the improvement of the legal environment, limiting government intervention, and raising controlling shareholder’s cash flow rights will effectively reduce excess debt level, as well as long-term debt ratio. Originality/value – First, this paper provides a theoretical model to explain the mechanism of how the ownership structure, legal environment and government intervention interact to impact debt financing. This result also provides a theory to explain the ‘‘paradox’’ in a transitional economy that better legal protection lowers debt level and long-term debt ratio. Second, this paper provides further evidence on controlling shareholder’s expropriation to minority shareholder through debt financing. Keywords Capital structure, China, Debts, Government intervention, Legal protection, Shareholders, Soft budget constraint, Ultimate ownership www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20441391111167469 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the factors affecting crop insurance purchases by farmers in Inner Mongolia, China. Design/methodology/approach – A survey of farmers in Inner Mongolia, China, is undertaken. Selected variables are used to explain crop insurance purchases, and a probit regression model is used for the analysis. Findings – Results show that a number of variables explain crop insurance purchases by farmers in inner Mongolia. Of the eight variables in the model, seven are statistically significant. The eight variables used to explain crop insurance purchases are: knowledge of crop insurance, previous purchases of crop insurance, trust of the crop insurance company, amount of risk taken on by the farmer, importance of low crop insurance premium, government as the main information source for crop insurance, role of head of village, and number of family members working in the city. Research limitations/implications – A possible limitation of the study is that data includes only one geographic area, Inner Mongolia, China, and so results may not always fully generalize to all regions of China, for all situations. Practical implications – Crop insurance has been recently expanded in China, and the information from this study should be useful for insurance companies and government policy makers that are attempting to increase the adoption rate of crop insurance in China. Social implications – Crop insurance may be a useful approach for stabilizing the agricultural sector, and for increasing agricultural production and food security in China. Originality/value – This is the first study to quantitatively model the factors affecting crop insurance purchases by farmers in inner Mongolia, China. Keywords Agriculture, China, Crop Insurance, Crops, Farmers, Insurance, Probit model, Purchasing behaviour, Regression, Surveys www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17561371111192301 CFRI CAER Volume 1 Number 4, 2011, pp. 316-33 Editors: Siwei Cheng, Haitao Li, Gongmeng Chen, Xuebin Chen, Li Liao and Xinzhong Xu Volume 3 Number 4, 2011, pp. 441-50 Editor: Xian Xin 12 Chinese Management Studies Circuit World Outstanding Paper High-performance substrate based on a highly filled thermoplastic polymer Thomas Apeldorn Polymer Engineering Department, Universität Bayreuth, Hamburg, Germany Outstanding Paper F. Wolff-Fabris Typology of the Chinese exporter: strategist, hesitator, experimentalist and the prospector V. Altstädt Xi Chen Polymer Engineering Department, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate and present the properties of a new substrate material based on thermoplastic polymers (so-called LuVo Board) for high-frequency applications. Design/methodology/approach – The thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of a new thermoplastic substrate are investigated and compared to conventional substrates for printed circuit board (PCB) applications. Findings – The new LuVo Board exhibits similar properties to commercially available high-performance substrates. The main advantage of the LuVo Board is a reduction of manufacturing costs in comparison to conventional substrates, as a highly automated manufacturing process can be employed. Moreover, the LuVo Board exhibits some further advantages: the material is inherently flame resistant and can be thermally shaped after the assembly process. Originality/value – This paper presents an entirely new thermoplastic substrate, which can be employed in high-frequency applications. In comparison to standard materials, a further advantage of the thermoplastic substrate is lower production costs. Keywords Dielectric properties, High temperatures, Moisture, Printed circuits, Substrates, Thermoplastic polymers www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03056121111101232 Zuohao Hu Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Xuanzhong Sun China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Ping Zhao Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the typology of Chinese indigenous exporters by incorporating proactive-reactive and long- and short-term export motivations as inputs. This study also seeks to find out whether, when driven with a different strength of four export motives, firms differ significantly in terms of commitment, learning, competence and performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs cluster analysis to explore the typology of Chinese exporters and conducts ANOVA to compare subsequent differences in organizational characteristics, competence and performance. Case studies are then used to validate and exemplify the typology. Findings – Findings suggest that Chinese exporters fall into four segments: the prospector, the strategist, the hesitator and the experimentalist. Each shows a unique set of organizational characteristics and different performances. The prospector is most competitive and the best performer, followed by the strategist. Research limitations/implications – The study uses limited export motives and profiling variables to understand this in a static way. Other motives and profiling variables are welcomed, and future study can address this in a dynamic way. Practical implications – The findings suggest an evolutionary path for exporters and implies how to strengthen proactive and long-term motives in order to achieve superior performance. Originality/value – This paper for the first time looks at firms that are already involved in exporting, how differently they are motivated and how their initial internationalization motivations lead to sharp differences in export performance. Keywords China, Cluster analysis, Export motive, Exporters, Motivations, Proactivity, Reactivity, Typology www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506141111163345 CMS CW Volume 5 Number 3, 2011, pp. 235-55 Editor: Check Teck Foo Volume 37 Number 1, 2011, pp. 4-14 Editor: Martin Goosey 13 Clinical Governance An International Journal Collection Building Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Applying and developing health service theory: an empirical study into clinical governance Read, describe and share! Building an interactive literary web service: an article about Kirjasampo David Greenfield Kaisa Hypén Peter Nugus Antti Impivaara Greg Fairbrother Turku City Library, Turku, Finland Jacqueline Milne Abstract Deborah Debono Purpose – This paper aims to describe the development of a fiction web service which will serve as a tool for information searches, and a place for saving and sharing tacit knowledge of and experiences with fictional works. Key partners are the Turku City Library, the Semantic Computing Research Group, Libraries.fi editorial staff and Vaasa City Library. Design/methodology/approach – The system’s technical infrastructure was built in the autumn of 2010: database, data storage platform and content description. Base data have been converted, data-saving protocols created and system data verified in order to stay up to date. Information on the project has been widely distributed to libraries, book industry actors and other potential partners, even at the international level. Design of the user interface has begun, and with its construction it will become apparent how well the project targets are being met, i.e. to make available a user-friendly service that offers library fiction collections and their attendant expertise and inspires service users to read, make recommendations and evaluate fiction by the spring of 2011. Findings – Fiction is an integral part of Finnish library collections. However, its information search and help desk resources are lacking, and the content of older works of fiction has not been systematically described. Where fiction customer service is concerned, the librarian is largely left to rely on their own reading, memory and associations. This Kirjasampo Project will provide better access to fiction collections. Content description is done using ontologies, thus requiring the ontologisation of Kaunokki, the Finnish fiction thesaurus, as part of the project. In addition to Kaunokki, time, place, language and nationality ontologies are used. Originality/value – In the wide-ranging and multidisciplinary Finnish Kirjasampo Project, thought has been given to how these problems can be solved using modern technologies. Because the service will have a large number of features that cannot be realised with existing library systems, it will be done using semantic web tools. A fiction metadata schema, which defines the necessary fields in information models, was developed for the service. The Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) was applied in the information models, with the content of each work being described (‘‘abstract work’’) and the various versions and institutions (‘‘physical works’’) linked to it. This information is saved in the RDF database using a Kirjasampo-SAHA annotation editor, which is a browser-based and user-friendly metadata-saving tool. Keywords Cataloguing, Fiction, Knowledge management, Metadata, Worldwide web www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01604951111105032 Centre for Clinical Governance Research in Health, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to examine an organisation’s enactment of clinical governance through applying and advancing a theoretical model. Design/methodology/approach – The research site was a large organisation within an autonomous jurisdiction. The study focused on one organisational division. There were nine interviews and 15 focus groups (118 participants). Ethnographic observations totalled 60.5 hours. Document analysis was conducted with organisational reports and website. Data were examined against the model’s four attributes and 24 elements, and used to conduct an organisational culture analysis. Findings – Analysis showed that a majority of elements, 17 of 24, were strongly identifiable. The remainder were identifiable but not strongly so. Analysis suggested two additions to the model: the inclusion of two elements to an existing attribute and a new attribute and defining elements. This showed that the organisation was working towards, but not yet having achieved, a positive quality and safety culture. In particular, a schism in understanding between managers and frontline staff was noted. Research limitations/implications – The study empirically applied and refined a health service theory. The new model, the ‘‘clinical governance practice model’’, can be broadly applied, and can continue to be developed to expand the evidence base for the field. Practical implications – Substantively, the study accounts for differences in managerial and frontline staff actions in applying clinical governance. Investigations to understand and identify strategies to bridge the differences are required. Originality/value – The study is an original application and refinement of a health service theory. The study identifies that the interpretation of clinical governance, whilst different in different places, gives rise to similar disagreements. Keywords Clinical governance, Organizational culture, Quality, Safety www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14777271111104547 CGIJ CB Volume 16 Number 1, 2011, pp. 8-19 Editors: Nick Harrop and Alan Gillies Volume 30 Number 1, 2011, pp. 61-7 Editor: Kay Cassell 14 Competitiveness Review Construction Innovation Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Greenhouse vegetable production in The Netherlands and Switzerland: a grounded look at sector competitiveness Labour productivity model for reinforced concrete construction projects An International Business Journal Information, Process, Management Homyun Jang Stefan Mann Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea Research Station Agroscope Reckenholz Tänikon, Ettenhausen, Switzerland Kyonghoon Kim Annemarie Breukers LEI Wageningen UR, Den Haag, The Netherlands Department of Sustainable Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea Jennifer Schweiger Juhyung Kim Gabriele Mack Department of Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea Research Station Agroscope Reckenholz Tänikon, Ettenhausen, Switzerland Jaejun Kim Abstract Department of Sustainable Architectural Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a theory that is sufficiently adapted to sector competitiveness. The case of greenhouse vegetable production in The Netherlands and Switzerland is used to explain differences in sector competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach – Interviews focusing on the fields of spatial planning, labor, energy supply, and market organization were carried out with stakeholders and producers in both countries and evaluated by Grounded Theory. Findings – The work shows that the flexibility not only of producers, but also of the whole institutional framework in The Netherlands exceeds the flexibility on the Swiss side by far, which may be an important factor for explaining differences in competitiveness. Research limitations/implications – The result that it is a basic difference in flexibility and adaptability that determines sector competitiveness is valid for the vegetable sector. It should be examined whether similar patterns can be found in other sectors. Originality/value – The competitiveness discussion is transferred to a new economic level, namely the economic sector. Likewise, new answers are found in looking for explanations for differences in competitiveness. Keywords Greenhouse vegetable production, Horticulture, Sector competitiveness, Switzerland, The Netherlands www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10595421111152147 Abstract Purpose – This study aims to identify systematically the factors that can often influence labour productivity directly and indirectly, to build a model that can evaluate the significance of these factors. The model can be used as a tool for assisting field construction mangers responsible for productivity. Design/methodology/approach – The factors were first identified by undertaking a literature review. The scope and method for measuring labour productivity were then determined. The final analysis model was built through a statistical analysis conducted with the chosen factors. Findings – The results of the analysis indicate that the work management component (e.g. the manager’s abilities) and the work technique component (e.g. work continuity) have greater impact than the worker component (e.g. the workers’ capability) and the work characteristic component (e.g. work difficulty). Research limitations/implications – This research focuses on the qualitative perspective of site managers on labour productivity. Although the process of translating qualitative opinions into quantitative data is a matter for debate, the result of this research, when compared to other quantitative studies, can be used to establish a strategy and an action plan for managing labour productivity. Practical implications – Qualitative aspects that were considered to establish a labour productivity model can be evaluated by site construction managers. Despite the importance of these qualitative aspects, they have, by and large, been neglected, as models to date tend to consider more directly measurable quantitative factors. In particular, they can be used to develop a strategy for increasing labour productivity at the initial planning stage. Originality/value – This research explores the differences between a subjective perception and the objective reality of labour productivity. Keywords Analytical hierarchy process, Labour, Productivity rate, Regression analysis www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14714171111104655 CR CI Volume 21 Number 4, 2011, pp. 339-51 Editor: Abbas J. Ali Volume 11 Number 1, 2011, pp. 92-13 Editors: Mustafa Alshawi and Jack Goulding 15 Corporate Communications Corporate Governance Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The study of internal crisis communication: towards an integrative framework Revisiting ethics in strategic management An international Journal The international journal of business in society John McManus Finn Frandsen Professor of Leadership and Development at York St John University, York, UK Winni Johansen Department of Business Communication, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the challenges faced by corporations in incorporating ethics into their strategic management processes. Design/methodological approach – The research is based on a survey of the issues and the literature published in Europe, North America and Asia. Findings – Findings indicate a definite gap between the implementation of strategy and the moral and ethical obligations of corporations. Given the decline in business ethics and recent corporate scandals it is proposed that ethics be brought back to the forefront of strategic management and integrated into the strategic management process. Research limitations/implications – The paper serves as a instrument for debate and future research in that the ethical issues faced by corporations will continue to gather momentum as will the issues faced by traditional strategists. Originality/value – This paper allows researchers and practitioners to gain an understanding of the issues and shortcomings in strategy and ethical integration, which allows for future research. Keywords Ethics, Stakeholder analysis, Strategic management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14720701111121074 Abstract Purpose – Previous crisis communication research has primarily examined the external dimension of crisis communication, i.e. the crisis response strategies applied by organizations to protect and/or restore their image or reputation among external stakeholders in a crisis situation. The purpose of this paper is to set up an integrative framework for the study of internal crisis communication in private and public organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes a theoretical approach reviewing the literature on crisis management and crisis communication and discussing the concept of internal stakeholder and the implications of a staged approach. Findings – An integrative framework for the study of internal crisis communication is developed based on two assumptions: first, that internal crisis communication research must start with a detailed study of the relationship between an organization and its internal stakeholders (in this case: the employees) to clarify to what extent internal crisis communication differs from external crisis communication; and second, that internal crisis communication research can best be systematized applying a staged approach (precrisis stage, crisis event, postcrisis stage) as an heuristic method. Originality/value – Apart from a few exceptions, the internal dimension of crises, crisis management, and crisis communication has, by and large, been unexplored. Keywords Corporate communications, Crisis communication, Employees communications, Employees relations, Integrative framework, Internal communication, Internal stakeholder www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13563281111186977 CG CCIJ Volume 11 Number 2, 2011, pp. 214-23 Editors: Andrew Kakabadse and Nada K. Kakabadse Volume 16 Number 4, 2011, pp. 347-61 Editor: Wim J.L. Elving 16 critical perspectives on international business Cross Cultural Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Of legitimate and illegitimate corruption: bankruptcies in Nicaragua Relation between big five personality traits and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions: samples from the USA and India An International Journal Jose Luis Rocha Universidad Centroamericana, Managua, Nicaragua Laura Ann Migliore Ed Brown Abundant Knowledge, LLC, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA Jonathan Cloke Abstract Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK Purpose – The purpose of this study is to quantitatively assess the inter-relational aspects of personality traits, using the five-factor model of personality, and Hofstede’s five dimensions of national culture for work-related values to evaluate the differences between the US and Indian cultures. Design/methodology/approach – The research method is quantitative and samples include qualified online-panel respondents, representing educated and experienced business professionals who use the internet. Data analysis includes Pearson correlation and multiple analysis of variance. Sample results show large differences in all five cultural dimensions as compared to Hofstede’s 1980 data. Findings – Changes in work-related values may reflect the influence of advances in communication and internet technologies, offering insight toward problems associated with global multicultural projects. Correlations between personality traits and cultural dimensions exist for certain occupational-job categories, and provide insight on leadership characteristics. Research limitations/implications – Limitations include selfreported responses via a web-based survey, rather than actual observations in the workplace. Practical implications – Technical and cultural competence is needed for global leaders, especially with increased use of the internet and networked environments. Navigating through crosscultural situations requires cultural insight, interpersonal skills, and an ability to build trust. Originality/value – This study extends Hofstede’s 1980 original research by acquiring new, cross-culturally comparative data. It also extends the original research of Donnellan et al., regarding the Mini NEO assessment. The study provides confirmatory analysis to the exploratory work of Smith and Bond and McCrae, but only for one of the three predicted correlations: extraversion with individualism. Keywords Culture, Internet, Leadership, Personality www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13527601111104287 Abstract Purpose – The concept of corruption is frequently represented as relating to social practices that violate established rules and norms. This paper, however, seeks to demonstrate that corrupt practices are often only possible because they in fact draw on existing institutional mechanisms and cultural dispositions that grant them a certain social approval and legitimacy. The paper aims to explore these issues through a detailed exploration of corruption in Nicaragua, which outlines how competing élite groups have been able to use different discourses to appropriate resources from the state in quite different ways, reflecting the use of contrasting mechanisms for justifying and legitimizing corruption. Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses on two key periods of recent Nicaraguan political history: that which occurred during the administration of ex-President Arnoldo Alemàn and the events that unfurled in the aftermath of a chain of bank bankruptcies that occurred in Nicaragua during 2001. These events are explored in the context of David Harvey’s ideas of ‘‘accumulation by dispossession’’. Findings – In contrast with more classic practices of corruption in Nicaragua that have openly violated existing formal rules and norms but appealed to an ethos of redistribution and a historically-specific concept of ‘‘the public’’ in order to imbue their actions with legitimacy, the corrupt practices related to recent banking bankruptcies engaged in an extensive instrumentalization of formal state institutions in order to protect élite parochial interests and to achieve ‘‘accumulation by dispossession’’ through appealing to the legitimating support granted by multilateral financial institutions. Originality/value – The paper illustrates sharply the inadvisability of perspectives that narrowly define corruption in legalistic terms. Such perspectives focus exclusively on the state as the location of corruption, whereas clearly, in Nicaragua as elsewhere, corruption is a far more complicated phenomenon which crosses the artificial boundaries between private and public sectors. It also evolves and takes a myriad different forms which are intimately connected with the ongoing struggles for control of accumulation processes, suggesting a much more integral role for corruption within accumulation strategies than often allowed for in both orthodox economic and Marxist literatures on capital accumulation. Keywords Bankruptcy, Corruption, Nicaragua www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17422041111128230 CPOIB CCM Volume 7 Number 2, 2011, pp. 159-76 Editors: Joanne Roberts and Christoph Dörrenbächer Volume 18 Number 1, 2011, pp. 38-54 Editor: Simon L. Dolan 17 Disaster Prevention and Management Drugs and Alcohol Today Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Disempowerment through disconnection: local women’s disaster response and international relief in post-tsunami Batticaloa Mephedrone, ‘‘bubble’’ and unidentified white powders: the contested identities of synthetic ‘‘legal highs’’ Kristin S. Scharffscher Fiona Measham The University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway Karenza Moore Abstract Jeanette Østergaard Purpose – This paper aims to explore the relationship between local women’s relief initiatives and international relief workers in Batticaloa, eastern Sri Lanka, during the post-tsunami emergency. Design/methodology/approach – Interviews with representatives from women’s organizations in the tsunami-affected town of Batticaloa, local and national nongovernment organizations (NGOs) based in Batticaloa, as well as international aid agencies are discussed in relation to theories on resilience, vulnerability, gender and humanitarianism. Findings – Observing that women in a disaster-affected area often represent important knowledge and resources, this paper documents how international relief workers failed to connect and cooperate with local women’s organizations in post-tsunami Batticaloa. It suggests that the reasons behind the disconnection can be linked to ‘‘us and them’’ undercurrents of international relief work – the lingering remnants of a colonial heritage. The disconnection may have led to a disempowerment of local capacities, flaws in the international relief activities, and reduced resilience among Batticaloan women in relation to the Sri Lankan civil war. Research limitations/implications – Despite a growing volume of policies and guidelines on the importance of involving local capacities, there are inadequacies in the way international relief agencies operate vis-à-vis disaster-affected communities, including women’s established relief networks. Practical implications – The paper points at some reasons why international relief organizations struggle to engage local women’s resources in their emergency operations. It suggests that cultural, social, and linguistic barriers are among those that need to be addressed if relief workers are to provide effective and sustainable assistance to crisis-affected communities. Originality/value – Coupling theories of resilience, vulnerability, gender, and humanitarianism, this paper argues that women in disaster-affected areas must be involved in international relief operations in a way that reflects their actual knowledge and resources. Presenting original interview material and documents collected during the first six months of the post-tsunami operation, as well as through a follow-up study in 2008, the paper points at international aid agencies’ apparent inability to acknowledge local women’s resilience and take their capacities into account. It also points at some of the ways in which this compromised the effectiveness and sustainability of international relief work in posttsunami Batticaloa. Keywords Gender, Natural disasters, Sri Lanka, Tidal waves, Women www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09653561111111090 Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK DPM DAT Volume 20 Number 1, 2011, pp. 63-81 Editors: J.C. Gaillard and Emmanuel Luna Volume 11 Number 3, 2011, pp. 137-46 Editor: Alex Klein An International Journal Abstract Purpose – In this fourth paper in a series on emergent drug trends in the UK (2006 ketamine, 2009 MDMA powder/crystal, 2010 mephedrone), the authors consider how the pharmacological landscape has changed since substituted cathinones (including mephedrone) were controlled in April 2010 and in particular assess the prevalence of mephedrone in the general night time economy (NTE) and its relationship to the use of established illegal drugs. Design/methodology/approach – Surveys were conducted with a convenience sample of 207 adults stopped at random in four town and city centres on Friday nights in Lancashire in November 2010. Findings – Of the adults surveyed, one in ten reported having taken mephedrone within the past year and one in 20 within the past month. Those who used mephedrone were also significantly more likely to report using ecstasy pills, cocaine and amphetamines. Regarding the next generation of ‘‘legal highs’’, no clear substitute for mephedrone had emerged; instead, there was uncertainty, confusion and a degree of disinterest. In this vacuum, ‘‘bubble’’ has emerged and evolved as a generic term in the north west of England to refer to any unidentified white powders which are synthetic stimulants. Social implications – Despite an emotional investment by advocates and opponents alike in mephedrone being an ecstasytype substitute, research now points towards more amphetaminetype characteristics at a time when national prevalence of amphetamines is at an historic low. The emergence of unidentified white powders sold as ‘‘bubble’’ in the North West of England is a graphic illustration of the unknown content, effect and risk of current (by contrast with previous) ‘‘legal highs’’, and the resultant challenges for health service providers and criminal justice agencies. Bubble may be indicative of the enduring popularity but increasingly indiscriminate use of cheap stimulants. Originality/value – For this cohort of NTE customers, the paper’s analyses indicate that mephedrone was added to existing polydrug repertoires, rather than significantly displacing use of established illegal drugs or acting as a gateway for initiation into drug use. Keywords Drugs, Ecstasy, Legal highs, Mephedrone, Moral panic, Night time economy, Stimulants www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17459261111186467 18 Education+Training Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Time allocations for study: evidence from arts students in Australia Contemporary Cleopatras: the business ethics of female Egyptian managers Jim Hlavac Liesl Riddle Arts Academic Language and Learning Unit, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Meghana Ayyagari Jim Peterson School of Business, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA School of Geography and Environmental Science, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore gender differences in ethical attitudes along two dimensions: perceived ethical strategies for career advancement, or upward-influence ethics; and perceived ethical roles of business in society and the natural environment, or business social and environmental responsibility. Design/methodology/approach – Employing a variance decomposition procedure, the paper identifies substantive differences in the ethical perceptions of Egyptian male and female managers. Findings – Female managers find more covert upward-influence strategies – strategies that are less aboveboard and transparent – acceptable and eschew overt upward-influence tactics – strategies that are aboveboard and transparent. Female managers also envision a larger role for business in society, particularly in terms of social responsibilities than do male managers. Research limitations/implications – The study is exploratory, employing a small sample in a single country. Originality/value – The findings contribute to ongoing debates about the role that a person’s gender plays in influencing his/her ethical perspective, examining the issue in a developing country context. This paper’s contribution is also methodological, demonstrating how variance decomposition can be used to examine these issues. Keywords Business environment, Egypt, Ethics, Gender, Managers www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17537981111159957 Matthew Piscioneri Arts Academic Language and Learning Unit, Faculty of Arts, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The primary purpose of this paper is to compare time availability and its allocation amongst arts students. In addition it aims to match time availability and use with informants’ resource preferences and the variables of language background and residential status. Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 109 students completed quantitatively-based electronic and paper-copy surveys. Empirical data from primary informants form the basis of analysis. Findings – The paper finds that over 90 per cent of informants have non-study commitments and over half have commitments of six or more hours per week. The largest single group (35 per cent) has obligations of six to 14 hours per week. There is only a weak correlation between a higher number of commitments a lower amount of ‘‘out-of-class’’ time to engage with study obligations. Conversely, fewer extra-curricular obligations does not automatically lead to a higher number of hours devoted to study. Differences in resource use are small: paper copy resources are universally popular, regardless of time commitments and allocations. Non-English-speaking background and international students tend to have fewer non-study commitments and devote more time to study in general than English-speaking background and local informants. Research limitations/implications – Research covers one of full-time student informants’ four units and does not elicit responses from all units studied by informants. Originality/value – While employment has been examined as a factor affecting student performance and time availability, few studies have matched time availability and declared time allocations to study. Further, time availability as a key feature of academic study is matched against variables highly relevant to today’s student populations: resource mode use; language background; and residential status. Keywords Australia, Languages, Learning, Resource management, Undergraduates www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00400911111102342 ET EBS Volume 53 Number 1, 2011, pp. 27-44 Editor: Martin McCracken Volume 4 Number 3, 2011, pp. 167-92 Editors: Kay Gallagher and James S. Pounder 19 Employee Relations The International Journal Engineering Computations Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Flexible working and happiness in the NHS Modeling of coupled heat, moisture transfer and mechanical deformations of wood during drying process Carol Atkinson University of Bradford School of Management, Bradford, UK Zhenggang Zhu Laura Hall Michael Kaliske Freelance Academic, Wilmslow, UK Institute for Structural Analysis, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to explore the influence of flexible working on employee happiness and attitude, and the role of this within a high performance work system (HPWS). Design/methodology/approach – A case study of flexible working within an NHS Acute Trust is presented. A qualitative study is undertaken based on 43 employee interviews across a range of directorates within the Trust. Findings – Employees perceive that flexible working makes them ‘‘happy’’ and that there are attitudinal/behavioural links between this happiness, discretionary behaviour and a number of performance outcomes. Research limitations/implications – This paper presents a single case study with a relatively small sample which uses an inductive approach based on emergent data; it explores one element of a HPWS rather than an entire employment system. Respondents were volunteers, which raises the possibility of sample bias. Practical implications – There may be a need for organisations to focus more on employee happiness to encourage performance. HR practitioners could reflect on the impact of HR practices on happiness and which features of a job role are likely to promote happiness. Originality/value – This paper contributes a much-needed employee perspective on the effect of HR practices, specifically that of flexible working, and explores the neglected employee attitude of happiness. Keywords Attitudes, Flexible working hours, Individual behaviour, Performance management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01425451111096659 Abstract ER EC Volume 33 Number 2, 2011, pp. 88-105 Editor: Dennis Nickson Volume 28 Number 7, 2011, pp. 802-27 Editor: D.R.J. Owen Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a numerical model of coupled heat, moisture transfer and their effects on the mechanical deformations of wood during the drying process. Design/methodology/approach – Coupling among heat, moisture, and mechanical deformations is solved consecutively by use of sparse solver of MATLAB. The weighted residual of the equilibrium equations of drying process of wood, based on finite element method, is investigated. The stress and plastic strain increments can be solved with Newton’s method. Findings – The numerical model is applied to a plain strain problem of a long wood board taken from the outer region of the wood log. Numerical simulation reveals the stress reversal during the drying process. The mechanical deformations and the principle stresses of a three-dimensional wood board in consideration of the orthotropic properties are presented. Originality/value – Plane strain and plane stress are analysed. The tangential modulus is derived. The transformation of the stress and strain tensors between the local coordinate system resulting from the cylindrical properties of wood and the global one is evaluated. Selection of element type for temperature, moisture content and displacement is discussed. Keywords Coupling, Deformation, Finite element method, Flow, Heat transfer, Newton’s method, Numerical simulation, Wood-drying www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02644401111165103 20 Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The logistics of construction supply chains: the builders’ merchant perspective Building capacity of local governments, service users and carers to scale up provision for community mental health services in Africa: a case study of Kenya and Uganda Christos Vidalakis School of the Built and Natural Environment, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK Joyce Kingori BasicNeeds UK, Nairobi, Kenya John E. Tookey School of Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand Christina Angela Ntulo James Sommerville Abstract School of the Built and Natural Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider the applicability of logistics management in construction and facilitate a better understanding of construction supply chains by studying the logistical functions of builders’ merchants. Design/methodology/approach – Given that logistics application in construction is still in its infancy, conceptual understanding of the problem is a prerequisite. Thus, a grounded theory approach is followed utilising pre-existing data as a means of building a model faithful to evidence. The model is analysed by following a discreteevent simulation modelling approach. Findings – This research demonstrates that examining supply chains from a logistics viewpoint can provide significant insight into the performance of construction supply chains. The analysis also shows that logistics costs are exponentially related to the levels of material demand and number of vehicle movements. Research limitations/implications – The developed model has to be further investigated and tested for different scenarios. Supplementary refinements of the model are necessary in order to allow the generalisation of the results and the development of an analytical planning tool. Practical implications – This research illustrates the increased potential of construction for benefiting from an improved capability within logistics which can lead to further developments within the field of logistics in the industry. Originality/value – This paper considers the significant function of builders’ merchants in the supply chains in order to balance the contractor-centric research efforts that dominate existing literature and take into consideration the holistic nature of supply chain management and its operational aspects. Keywords Construction industry, Distribution management, Simulation, Supply chain management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09699981111098694 Purpose – The purpose of this case study is to describe the experiences of a development organization operating in Africa to make mental health services accessible to communities in Kenya and Uganda through partnerships. The lessons that can be learnt from this work are also considered. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is a case study that builds on operations research gathered over five to seven years by the authors who have managed the country mental health programmes in Uganda and Kenya. The case study describes the problem of mental illness and its magnitude in Kenya and Uganda, and why it is important that this is addressed. Existing mechanisms in place and gaps in current service provision are also discussed. Findings – Methods used to address gaps in current service provision include capacitating different service providers, their roles and their contribution to community mental health. The inclusion and training of non-psychiatrists can contribute to the management, treatment and recovery of people with mental health problems in African communities. Research limitations/implications – The case study is limited in its applicability in full to other low to middle income countries (LMICs). Causality cannot be established between improvement in access and training of the different health service providers. Practical implications – The case study gives practical experiences that practitioners in LMICs can further test in improving access to community-based mental health services. These experiences can help to form a promising practice in how LMICs can reduce health workforce gaps in mental health and planners can consider using this to reduce such gaps. Social implications – The case study shows how the participation of service users and other stakeholders and using family resources can bring ownership and sustainability of mental health care at the community level. Originality/value – The case study adds value to practice and social development theories and models of care. Keywords Care, Community mental health, District personnel, Health workers, Kenya, Mental illness, Service users, Traditional healers, Uganda www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17570981111193538 ECAM EIHSC Volume 18 Number 1, 2011, pp. 66-81 Editor: Ronald McCaffer Volume 4 Number 2, 2011, pp. 53-9 Editors: Margaret Greenfields and Hari Sewell BasicNeeds Uganda Foundation, Kampala, Uganda Abstract 21 EuroMed Journal of Business European Business Review Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Assessing the consumer’s choice of purchase channel in the tourism sector: evidence from Spain Impact of globalization: the ability of less developed countries’ (LDCs’) firms to cope with opportunities and challenges Alicia Izquierdo-Yusta Gabriel Baffour Awuah Department of Economics and Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Business Studies, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden Mohamed Amal Marı́a Pilar Martı́nez-Ruiz Universidade Regional de Blumenau - FURB, Blumenau, Brazil Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contribute to the debate on the impact of globalization on the competitiveness of firms in least developed countries (LDCs). Two main research questions will be addressed. How does globalization affect the competitiveness of small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in LDCs? How can SMEs handle opportunities and challenges emerging from globalization? Design/methodology/approach – The methodology for this study is a conceptual attempt to review the existing literature and make some propositions about how SMEs can handle the opportunities and challenges emerging from globalization. Findings – Building on a developed operational framework affecting the competitiveness of firms, some of the expected results are that firms’ capabilities with regards to innovation, learning, and internationalization, which increase their competitiveness, are enhanced by institutional setups. Second, establishing relationships with governmental and non-governmental institutions is crucial in terms of accessing resources, innovating, and entering into foreign markets. Originality/value – The paper represents a contribution to the debate on the impact of globalization on the competitiveness of firms, particularly SMEs, in LDCs. Although globalization has brought considerable benefits to many actors worldwide, its impact on competitiveness of (SMEs) are controversial. We suggest that globalization’s effects depend on the capability of firms to learning, to innovate, and also on the institutional setup in LDCs. Keywords Globalization, Competitive strategy, Small to medium-sized enterprises, Developing countries www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09555341111098026 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the most important economic factors that determine choice of distribution channel when booking a tourism service. The theoretical framework applied to meet this objective is agency theory, as it provides insight into the effects arising from problems such as information asymmetries and opportunism. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis of a sample composed of 805 tourists who made their reservation through either the internet or traditional channels has provided interesting conclusions, allowing different hypotheses to be contrasted using a structural equation analysis. Findings – This study has shown how the main source of uncertainty in the stages leading up to the choice of purchase channel is due to a lack of trust towards the internet. In this regard, the signals emitted by firms in order to mitigate information asymmetries contribute to generating trust towards the selected firm; however, they neither reduce the risk differential existing between channels nor the associated transaction costs. In addition, trust in the chosen firm shows that the buyer makes the reservation through the channel with the least perceived risk. Research limitations/implications – The research has underlined that the greater the differential in transaction costs between the internet and the traditional channels, the greater the propensity of buyers to make their purchases through alternative distribution channels. In addition, clients perceive greater internet transaction costs with respect to the traditional channels, a fact that may be contrasted with the purpose behind its creation. Practical implications – The differences between the information provided by economic agents and the information that is requested by the client reveal a need for greater awareness among those offering the services, in order for them to improve the way in which they target the consumer, especially in relation to the management of information flows. Furthermore, steps should be taken to improve internet security systems and undertake joint actions that are formalised and coordinated by all of the agents involved so that clients perceive internet as a secure channel. Finally, internet-related skills should be developed to allow the consumer to search for information in a more efficient way. Originality/value – The study deals with a recent line of new research. It is also performed in the context of Mediterranean countries, which represents a further important contribution, given that very few empirical studies focus on this geographical region. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Hotel and catering industry, Internet, Spain, Tourism www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14502191111130325 EMJB EBR Volume 6 Number 1, 2011, pp. 77-99 Editors: Demetris Vrontis and Petros Lois Volume 23 Number 1, 2011, pp. 120-32 Editor: Göran Svensson 22 European Journal of Marketing European Journal of Training and Development Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Marketing measurement revolution: the C-OAR-SE method and why it must replace psychometrics Organizational training across cultures: variations in practices and attitudes Abderrahman Hassi John R. Rossiter Algonquin College, Ottawa, Canada Institute for Innovation in Business and Social Research, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, and Institute for Brand Communication Research, Bergische University Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany Giovanna Storti Department of Continuing Education, La Cité Collégiale, Ottawa, Canada, and Federal Department of Human Resources and Skills Development, Ottawa, Canada Abstract Abstract Purpose – New measures in marketing are invariably created by using a psychometric approach based on Churchill’s ‘‘scale development’’ procedure. This paper aims to compare and contrast Churchill’s procedure with Rossiter’s content-validity approach to measurement, called C-OAR-SE. Design/methodology approach – The comparison of the two procedures is by rational argument and forms the theoretical first half of the paper. In the applied second half of the paper, three recent articles from the Journal of Marketing (JM) that introduce new constructs and measures are criticized and corrected from the C-OAR-SE perspective. Findings – The C-OAR-SE method differs from Churchill’s method by arguing for: total emphasis on achieving high content validity of the item(s) and answer scale – without which nothing else matters; use of single-item measures for ‘‘basic’’ constructs and for the firstorder components of ‘‘abstract’’ constructs; abandonment of the ‘‘reflective’’ measurement model, along with its associated statistical techniques of factor analysis and coefficient alpha, arguing that all abstract constructs must be measured as ‘‘formative’’; and abandonment of external validation methods, notably multitraitmultimethod analysis (MTMM) and structural equation modeling (SEM), to be replaced by internal content-validation of the measure itself. The C-OAR-SE method can be applied – as demonstrated in the last part of the article – by any verbally intelligent researcher. However, less confident researchers may need to seek the assistance of one or two colleagues who fully understand the new method. Practical implications – If a measure is not highly content-valid to begin with – and none of the new measures in the JM articles criticized is highly content-valid – then no subsequent psychometric properties can save it. Highly content-valid measures are absolutely necessary for proper tests of theories and hypotheses, and for obtaining trustworthy findings in marketing. Originality/value – C-OAR-SE is completely original and Rossiter’s updated version should be followed. C-OAR-SE is leading the necessary marketing measurement revolution. Keywords Construct definition, Content validity, Marketing, Marketing knowledge, Measurement, Reliability www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03090561111167298 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a synthesis based on a review of the existing literature with respect to the variations in training practices and attitudes across national cultures. Design/methodology/approach – A content analysis technique was adopted with a comparative cross-cultural management perspective as a backdrop to address the occurrence of differences in practices and attitudes across various national cultures. Findings – Most of the extant literature remains distant from providing a systematic and analytical repertoire on the subject. In efforts to bridge this gap, a synthesis of the literature has been elaborated, identifying a range of variations that have been grouped around the following categories: importance of organizational training; access to organizational training; different types of training provided to employees; actors involved in organizational training; and organizational support for training. Research limitations/implications – The heterogeneity of the literature impeded the use of a theoretical training management framework for the present review. Practical implications – Organizations operating overseas and HRM/HRD practitioners should consider the complexity of diverse cultural differences, while managing employee training in culturally diverse settings. Nations ought to be aware of training practices abroad to observe trends and changes caused by globalization, as they may influence the shaping of national training practices and regulations. From a theoretical point of view, it is important to undertake conclusive research by further examining training practices and attitudes through the various national cultures with the objective of better circumventing the differences and by highlighting their prominent characteristics and implications. Originality/value – The present contribution is the first documented synthesis of the literature on the subject. Keywords Attitudes, Cross cultural studies, Human resource management, National cultures, Training, Working practices www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03090591111095736 EJM EJTD Volume 45 Number 11/12, 2011, pp. 1561-88 Editor: Nick Lee Volume 35 Number 1, 2011, pp. 45-70 Editors: Thomas N. Garavan and Ronan Carbery 23 Facilities foresight Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Space for thought: designing for knowledge workers Using Futures 2.0 to manage intractable futures: the case of weight loss C. Greene Alex Soojung-Kim Pang J. Myerson Research Director, Future2, Saÿd Business School, Oxford University, Menlo Park, California, USA Helen Hamlyn Centre, Royal College of Art, London, UK Abstract Abstract Purpose – Futurists have tended to take little interest in the hard work of implementing changes necessary to reach particular futures. This paper aims to argue that the field should pay more attention to these issues, and to use the challenge of weight loss to illustrate how tools can be developed to help both individuals and organizations deal with futures. It also aims to argue for the importance of mindfulness in managing long-term futures challenges. Design/methodology/approach – The paper describes how the author applied concepts outlined in Futures 2.0 to his own program of weight loss, and lost 50 pounds (22.7 kilograms). Findings – The paper shows how futurists could use concepts from behavioral economics and design in personal futures and futures work more generally. It also suggests that mindfulness – a concept borrowed from Buddhism and other contemplative practices – can give perspective necessary see the long-term consequences of decisions they face in the present, and the self-discipline necessary to make good choices. Research limitations/implications – The paper argues that futurists should not just focus on helping clients see unexpected trends or wild cards, or thinking about the future in new ways, or reframing their underlying strategic assumptions. Complex, intractable futures subvert the best efforts of rational actors; clients are most interested in getting help on the problems they are least likely to solve. Practical implications – More value for clients can be delivered by helping them understand common roadblocks and designing the means to reach long-term future goals. Social implications – For a profession accustomed to thinking about big issues and megatrends like nanotechnology and global warming, losing weight may seem trivial and beneath its interest. But by any objective measure, in much of the developed world obesity is a substantial public health problem: it affects the lives of tens of millions of people, increases chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes, and costs governments hundreds of billions of dollars. More generally, weight loss is a microcosm of the kinds of problems that can only be managed through the collective action of large numbers of people. Originality/value – The paper is a contribution to the literature on personal futures, and to the ongoing discussion of the scope and methods of futures. Keywords Behaviour modification, Diet, Forecasting, Motivation (psychology), Personal health, Scenario planning www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14636681111153959 Purpose – Generic use of the term ‘‘knowledge worker’’ has resulted in a generic approach to designing office environments for this group. The purpose of this paper is to probe the mobility patterns and motivations of knowledge workers in order to provide a classification of different types of knowledge worker. Design/methodology/approach – The study was undertaken using a range of qualitative research methods including semistructured interviews with 20 knowledge workers representing different levels of mobility and experience, ethnographic studies in a media company, real estate business and a public relations firm, and a user workshop. A novel drawing exercise was introduced to elicit responses during the interview process. Findings – Four knowledge worker ‘‘character types’’ emerged from the research: the Anchor and the Connector, who are mainly officebased, and the Gatherer and the Navigator, who work more widely afield. Research limitations/implications – This is a small study revealing characteristics particular to the participating individuals and organisations. However, it has wider implications in that the more complex set of requirements revealed by the project requires a more responsive and service-led approach to office design for knowledge workers and the development of new protocols of use within office space. Originality/value – The originality/value lies in giving designers and facilities managers an insight into the different needs of knowledge workers, who are commonly treated as a homogeneous group. The typologies are an active tool for better brief-making in design for creative facilities. Keywords Design, Productivity rate www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02632771111101304 F FS Volume 29 Number 1/2, 2011, pp. 19-30 Editor: Edward Frank Finch Volume 13 Number 4, 2011, pp. 35-45 Editor: Ozcan Saritas 24 Gender in Management Grey Systems: Theory and Application Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The impact of gender, family, and work on the career advancement of Lebanese women managers p-Moment exponential robust stability of grey neutral stochastic delay systems An International Journal Chunhua Su Hayfaa Tlaiss University of New Brunswick Saint John (UNBSJ), Saint John, Canada College of Mathematics and Information Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang City, People’s Republic of China Saleema Kauser Abstract Manchester Business School, Manchester, UK Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to obtain the criteria of p-moment exponential robust stability for a class of grey neutral stochastic delay systems. Design/methodology/approach – By constructing a LyapunovKrasovskii functional and employing the decomposition technique of continuous matrix-covered sets of grey matrix and using three key inequalities, the paper investigates the p-moment exponential robust stability for a class of grey neutral stochastic delay systems. A numeric example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the criteria presented in the paper. Findings – The results not only can be used to judge the p-moment exponential robust stability of the systems researched in the paper, but also can be applied in the stability analysis of grey non-neutral stochastic systems. Practical implications – The method exposed in the paper can be used in the analysis and designation of practical stochastic control systems. Originality/value – The paper succeeds in obtaining the criteria of p-moment exponential robust stability for grey neutral stochastic delay systems by constructing a Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and employing the decomposition technique of continuous matrixcovered sets of grey matrix and using three key inequalities. Keywords Stability (control theory), Stochastic processes, Systems theory www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20439371111106740 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the research gap on Lebanese women managers and to demonstrate how gender, work, and family factors influence the career advancement of women managers. Design/methodology/approach – The research is qualitative in nature. A total of 32 in-depth face-to face interviews were conducted with 32 women managers. Findings – Interview data reveal that Lebanese women managers do not perceive gender-centered factors as obstacles to career advancement. The women in the study used different terms to describe the impact of gender, work, and family factors on their career progression to those found in existing literature. Their responsibilities towards their families were not perceived as barriers hindering their career progress. In addition, their personality traits, aspirations for management, levels of educational attainment and work experience, and family-related factors were also not perceived as inhibiting their careers. Practical implications – The paper provides new practical insights into the relationships and the interconnections between Arab society, women, and their managerial careers. A strong theme is the significant role of Wasta, the reliance and dependence on social connections versus personal education and achievements to achieve career progress, in enhancing career progression and how gender is less of a criterion in the presence of Wasta. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the limited knowledge about women and management in Lebanon, as well as the Middle Eastern region in general. Keywords Career development, Gender, Lebanon, Managers, Middle East, Women www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17542411111109291 GM GS Volume 26 Number 1, 2011, pp. 8-36 Editors: Adelina Broadbridge and Sharon Mavin Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 72-86 Editor: Sifeng Liu 25 Health Education Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Consumer perceptions of sponsors of disease awareness advertising Practice-based learning in entrepreneurship education: a means of connecting knowledge producers and users Danika V. Hall Briga Hynes Sandra C. Jones Centre for Health Initiatives, University of Wollongong, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia Yvonne Costin Donald C. Iverson Department of Management and Marketing, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland Naomi Birdthistle University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia Abstract Abstract Purpose – In many countries there is emerging concern regarding alliances between the pharmaceutical industry and health non-profit organizations (NPOs), and the increase of co-sponsored marketing activities such as disease awareness advertising. The current study aims to explore Australian women’s perceptions of disease awareness advertising with differing sponsors, to determine whether their attitudes towards the sponsor and their reported behavioural intentions differ as a function of the perceived sponsor or co-sponsor. Design/methodology/approach – Older women (aged 50+) were approached by mall-intercept method in a metropolitan area in New South Wales, Australia. Consenting participants were randomly assigned an advertisement with an NPO sponsor, pharmaceutical company sponsor, or a combination of the two (co-sponsored). Each participant viewed advertisements for two health conditions (fibromyalgia and osteopenia) with the same sponsor manipulation, and completed a one-page questionnaire after reading each advertisement. Findings – Participants had significantly more positive attitudes towards the NPO-sponsored advertisement than the pharmaceutical company-sponsored advertisement or the co-sponsored advertisement. Participants with more positive attitudes towards the sponsor were significantly more likely to report an intention to take action, such as to look for more information or to talk to their doctor. Practical implications – The results suggest that an NPO-sponsored advertisement promoting awareness about a disease or health condition is more effective without the co-sponsorship of a pharmaceutical company. Originality/value – This is the only identified research into attitudes towards sponsors of disease awareness advertising that considers pharmaceutical companies and health NPOs and is important, given the increasing trend of disease advertising and cause-related marketing in Australia and internationally. Keywords Advertising, Diseases, Non-profit organizations, Perception, Women www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09654281111094946 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a practice-based entrepreneurship education programme which enhances collaboration between educational institutions and the small business community as a means of producing a more employable, well rounded and skilled graduates. Design/methodology/approach – A case description of the business consulting programme operated at the University of Limerick. Findings – The findings highlight how a practice-based learning module brings real business learning into the classroom and simultaneously attends to the needs of different internal and external stakeholders by producing a more flexible and employable professional graduate. Furthermore, it creates a more meaningful relationship between education institutions (knowledge producers) and industry (knowledge users). Research limitations/implications – Educators need to evaluate the benefits of practice-based learning programmes from the external stakeholder perspective as a basis of identifying more innovative practice-based learning options. Originality/value – The paper draws attention to the need for, and suggestions on how educational institutions can be more outward focussed and responsive to the needs of industry when designing educational programmes. Keywords Employment, Experiential learning, Graduates, Higher education, Skills, Small enterprises www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20423891111085366 HE HESWBL Volume 111 Number 1, 2011, pp. 5-19 Editor: Katherine Weare Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 16-28 Editor: Paul Gibbs 26 History of Education Review Housing, Care and Support Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The mythic campus and the professorial life: A. Scott Carter’s pictorial map of the University of Toronto, 1937 More for less? Using PIEs and recovery to improve efficiency in supported housing Peter Cockersell E. Lisa Panayotidis Director of Health and Recovery at St Mungo’s, London, UK Paul Stortz University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe an example of a practical evidence-based approach to improvement in the current climate of funding cuts. Design/methodology/approach – The paper describes synthesizing insights from leadership, change management and psychodynamic theory to inform a practical change programme to develop services that meet the needs of clients more efficiently. Findings – The paper finds that rather than simply doing less – cutting staff or reducing services to meet the constraints of funding cuts – it is worth taking a long term and strategic review approach and doing something quite differently. Practical implications – New ways of working can improve client outcomes and deliver better services and the funding cuts can provide an opportunity to thoroughly re-examine existing provision; but, significant changes will only be accomplished by change processes that pervade the whole organisation – they cannot just be add-ons/afterthoughts. The implications of the new way of working are that: even when funding increases, old ways of practice will not be restored; that the use of theoretical approaches from a variety of disciplines can deliver innovative responses that are likely to be sustainable in the medium term; and to improve service standards and outcomes into the future. Originality/value – This paper finds value by looking to neurobiology, clinical psychotherapy, recovery-oriented practice, change management theory and practice, and client involvement to try to resolve the current housing crisis. Keywords Funding cuts, Housing, Psychologically informed environments, Public finance www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14608791111187393 Abstract Purpose – In 1937, a pictorial fine art map of the University of Toronto was designed and painted by artist Alexander Scott Carter. The map was commissioned by Vincent Massey, then High Commissioner for Canada in Britain, and given as a gift to Hart House. As a vibrantly visual rendition of the university’s historical lineage, the map depicts the evolution of the university’s various colleges along with its founders, contemporary geographical boundaries, and lush and verdant landscapes. The purpose of this paper is to inquire into its cultural and historical importance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses, and provides a viewpoint on, A. Scott Carter’s map. Findings – Carter’s map reveals the discursive and visual interpretive frameworks in which the map was situated and the narratives and myths that it sanctioned. The map performs an important function in authorizing the collective identity of the university and its actual and imagined communities. It provides a cultural expression of shared values, ideals, and particular historical traditions. The university’s place in the hierarchy and tradition of Canadian higher education in the British Commonwealth is embodied in the map at a time when such ideas were under scrutiny by professors and intellectuals who were arguing for the extrication of Canada from colonial inheritances. Originality/value – Carter’s map highlights the university and its integral cultural artifacts, spaces, and practices as being replete with contested meanings, experiences, and symbolism. Through dynamic cartography, new approaches in deciphering the official and informal campus emerge to produce a nuanced and multifaceted historical picture of university and academic cultures. Keywords Arts, Canada, Culture (sociology), Maps, Universities www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/08198691111140785 HER HCS Volume 40 Number 1, 2011, pp. 9-29 Editor: Tanya Fitzgerald Volume 14 Number 2, 2011, pp. 45-50 Editors: Robin Johnson and Lynn Vickery 27 Humanomics Indian Growth and Development Review Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper On utilitarianism vs virtue ethics as foundations of economic choice theory Self-selection vs learning: evidence from Indian exporting firms Petur O. Jonsson Priya Ranjan School of Business and Economics, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA Department of Economics, University of California, Irvine, California, USA Abstract Department of Economics, University of Essex, Colchester, UK Jibonayan Raychaudhuri Purpose – Economic choice theory is built on utilitarian foundations. The purpose of this paper is to explore whether a foundation of virtue ethics might be more consistent with human nature. Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses on utilitarianism vs virtue ethics as foundations of economic choice theory. Findings – Economic choice theory describes consumer choice in terms that are inconsistent with findings from recent research in behavioral economics, neuroeconomics, and psychology. The consumers’ dynamic optimization problem, as outlined by traditional theory, is unsolvable in the sense that it contains too many unknowns. This means that the consumer must approach the problem in a different manner than is usually suggested by the literature. Moreover, new psychological theories of well-being suggest that we can, to some extent, choose what we want to want and that true happiness is based on our character as much as it is based on our consumption of goods. Practical implications – The idea that human choices may not be based on consistent preferences calls into question the policy suggestions of the literature on revealed preference and welfare economics. In particular, we cannot rely on past choices to draw inferences on people’s preferences. Social implications – To maximize social welfare, society must value and promote the development of virtue and character. Originality/value – The paper highlights some of the differences between utilitarian and the virtue ethics perspectives on choice. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Economic theory, Ethics, Utilitarianism www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/08288661111110150 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study whether exporting firms outperform non-exporting firms along a number of performance characteristics. It also examines whether the differences in performance characteristics are due to the selfselection of better firms into exporting or because the firms that start exporting for some unknown reason experience productivity growth. Design/methodology/approach – The dataset comprised a panel of Indian manufacturing firms for a period of 17 years from 1990 to 2006. Findings – Exporters were found to systematically outperform non-exporters over a number of characteristics. Also, evidence was found of ‘‘self-selection’’, that is, firms that are more productive enter the export market. There was some evidence of learning, that is exporting firms experience an increase in productivity. Originality/value – This is the first paper to look at the issue of selfselection vs learning for exporting firms using a dataset from India. Keywords Exports, India, Manufacturing industry, Productivity rate www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538251111124981 H IGDR Volume 27 Number 1, 2011, pp. 24-40 Editor: Masudul Alam Choudhury Volume 4 Number 1, 2011, pp. 22-37 Editors: Satya P. Das and Chetan Ghate 28 Industrial and Commercial Training Industrial Management & Data Systems Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Aligning leadership development for general managers with global strategy: the Bristol-Myers Squibb story Empirical study of public sector employee loyalty and satisfaction Ali Turkyilmaz Marjorie Derven Department of Industrial Engineering, Fatih University, Istanbul, Turkey Managing Partner at Hudson Research and Consulting, Inc., Piermont, New York, USA Gulsen Akman Kristin Frappolli Coskun Ozkan Associate Director, Global Leadership and Management Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA Department of Industrial Engineering, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey Zbigniew Pastuszak Abstract Institute of Management, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland Purpose – This paper aims to describe an innovative, blended learning approach to global general manager (GM) development at Bristol-Myers Squibb that encompasses the career lifecycle from pre-promotion, on-boarding and ongoing development for GM incumbents. Design/methodology/approach – This is a case study of a leadership development initiative that included executive sponsorship with ongoing guidance and direction from a General Manager Advisory Council, who ensured that the learning solutions were relevant, high impact and supported on the job. The approach helped global GMs build networks of support and learning through peer coaching, leveraging the diverse and complementary skills these leaders bring to their roles. Findings – Based on their diverse backgrounds, it is essential to use multiple learning approaches to GM development and avoid a ‘‘one size fits all’’ mindset. Blended learning, selective use of classroom instruction and social networking tools were combined to create a comprehensive curriculum that supports organizational strategy and builds the leadership pipeline at Bristol-Myers Squibb. Originality/value – This case study will help other learning professionals who are charged with developing ‘‘leaders of leaders’’ on a global scale. Keywords Curriculum development, Globalization, Leadership development, Managers, Peer mentoring www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00197851111098108 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors which determine the level of public employees’ job satisfaction and as result help to have effective and efficient management system in the public sector, in developing countries such as Turkey. Design/methodology/approach – Based on theoretical considerations, a model was proposed linking the employee satisfaction and loyalty (ESL) constructs. The paper exhibits the findings of a satisfaction and loyalty survey of employment factors within the Turkish public sector. The survey was conducted in 2009 and covered 220 employees within the Istanbul Branch of a Social Security Institution in Turkey. A model was developed by including effecting factors of employee satisfaction, their relations and effects of employee satisfaction on employee loyalty. Partial least squares structural equation model was employed to test the model in the public insurance sector in Turkey. Findings – Data analysis reveals that there is a strong relationship between ESL in a branch of a public sector Social Security Institution in Turkey. Training and personal development was found the most effecting factor of customer satisfaction. The study also finds a positive relationship between working conditions and satisfaction. Originality/value – The paper reveals the relationship between the employee satisfaction and affecting factors in the public sector in Turkey. These factors are developed only incidentally in the public sector in Turkey. Human resource management (HRM) applications such as measuring employee satisfaction, performance development are widely used in private sector. Specifically, in developing countries such as Turkey, these applications are rarely used in the public sector. Therefore, the paper advocates the use of HRM applications in the public sector in a developing country. Keywords Employees, Human resource management, Job satisfaction, Public administration, Turkey www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02635571111137250 ICT IMDS Volume 43 Number 1, 2011, pp. 4-12 Editor: Bryan Smith Volume 111 Number 5, 2011, pp. 675-96 Editor: Binshan Lin 29 Industrial Robot info Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Implementation of a single motor driven manipulator with multiple joints Superfast broadband: is it really worth a subsidy? Shiqi Li Robert Kenny Yang Liu Communications Chambers, Welwyn Garden City, UK School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Charles Kenny Ming Xie Abstract School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Purpose – Governments around the world are providing multi-billion dollar subsidies to roll out fiber to the home (FTTH) to enable superfast broadband (50 Mbps and above). The premise for this is a belief that superfast broadband brings substantial economic and societal benefits. This paper’s purpose is to examine whether this belief is well founded. Design/methodology/approach – The authors critically review the arguments most commonly made in favor of FTTH, examining their logic and underlying evidence. Findings – The paper finds that these arguments often inappropriately use benefits of basic broadband to make the case for the upgrade to superfast broadband, or use the benefits of providing superfast to business premises to argue for providing superfast to homes. The authors find the evidence that basic broadband brings economic growth is patchy, and that frequently studies that argue for a link do not adequately distinguish between correlation and causation. Originality/value – Thus the authors conclude that the conventional wisdom that FTTH will bring substantial economic and societal benefits and therefore deserves a subsidy is, at best, much overstated. The case has simply not been made that FTTH has sufficient incremental externalities over other forms of broadband. This is an important conclusion for politicians, policy makers, telecoms providers and taxpayers, and suggests that billions of dollars of public money may be being wasted. Keywords Broadband networks, Externalities, Fiber, Fiber to the home, NGA, Subsidies www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14636691111146127 An International Journal Center for Global Development, Washington, DC, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the design and implementation of a new manipulator with six joints driven by a single DC motor. Design/methodology/approach – The manipulator consists of several modules, each of which has the twisting and pivoting degrees of freedom. Two clutches and one brake are mounted to control each joint. A clutch model based on PWM control is built to compute the average velocity of each clutch. Two parameters are involved in the model: PWM frequency and duty ratio. PWM frequency is limited by the natural frequencies of structure with all postures. The theoretical duty ratio should be adjusted according to the clutch model. Two experiments – line tracking and arc tracking – are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the control system. Findings – The study has designed a manipulator with six joints driven by a single DC motor which powers all the modules through a main shaft and several clutches. In the manipulator, all the modules are supplied with a constant speed input and provide a bi-directional variable output. Experimental results show the clutch model built for the manipulator can be applied to the joint control of all multi-joint manipulators. Originality/value – The paper describes a dexterous and lightweight manipulator driven by a single motor and designed with bi-directional joints. Keywords Actuators, Control systems, Electric motors, Robotics www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01439911111097841 IR info Volume 38 Number 1, 2011, pp. 48-57 Editor: Clive Loughlin Volume 13 Number 4, 2011, pp. 3-29 Editor: Colin Blackman 30 Information Technology & People Interlending & Document Supply Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Completely online group formation and development: small groups as socio-technical systems The relationship between ILL/document supply and journal subscriptions Elena Bernardini Sean P. Goggins Biblioteca centrale di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy College of Information Science and Technology, Drexel University, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA Silvana Mangiaracina James Laffey Biblioteca dell’Area di Ricerca di Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy University of Missouri – Columbia School of Information Science and Learning Technologies, Columbia, Missouri, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the relationship between ILL/document supply and journal subscriptions and to assess recent trends in the ILL service. Design/methodology/approach – This survey is based on data from the ILL service conducted over the five-year period 2005-2009 through the Italian Network for Inter-Library Document Exchange (NILDE). Findings – This paper bears out important previous findings that ILL is not used as a surrogate for journal subscriptions. This is supported by the analysis of a broad number of titles and over a wide time-range. On the contrary, analysis of data transactions, particularly of the most requested journals, can bring about positive effects on new title acquisitions and negotiations with publishers. This paper also shows, at least for Italy, an overall growth and vitality of ILL, in spite of the widespread availability of e-journals acquired through consortia purchasing. Originality/value – The paper presents an insight into the relationship between ILL and journal subscriptions in Italy, a country where few studies have been carried out, and none at all for such a large number of libraries and transactions. Keywords Document delivery, Electronic journals, Interlending, Italy, Purchasing groups, Resource sharing www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02641611111112101 Michael Gallagher College of Information Science and Technology, Drexel University, Wayne, Pennsylvania, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper has two purposes. First, to provide insight into the formation of completely online small groups, paying special attention to how their work practices develop, and how they form identity. Second, to pursue conceptual development of a more multilevel view of completely online group experience, which can be made visible through analysis of the unique interaction logging system used in this study. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct a mixed methods study that integrates interviews, grounded theory analysis, case study methods and social network analysis to build a multilayered view of completely online group and community development. Findings – Completely online group formation is explicated as a socio-technical system. The paper identifies themes of tool uptake and use, and patterns of interaction that accompany group formation and development of completely online group practices. These patterns show little respect for the boundaries of space and time. It then shows how groups who are paired together for two nonsequential activities develop a common internal structural arrangement in the second activity, and are viewable as groups in the larger course context in four of six cases. Research limitations/implications – The time bounded nature of the group and community, combined with the educational context limit the generalizability of these findings. Practical implications – The study shows how completely online group development can be made visible. Managers of work teams and teachers who work with classrooms in completely online contexts need to recognize the dynamic structure and interaction practices of completely online teams. Originality/value – First, little research has been conducted on completely online group formation. Second, a conceptual understanding of how group members relate to one another and how groups interact with other groups in the same socio-technical context is not explored in prior work. Third, the paper performs this analysis including data from rich, contextualized usage logs, which enables greater insight into online group interactivity than prior research. Keywords Communities, Human capital, Social capital, Sociotechnical change, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09593841111137322 ITP ILDS Volume 24 Number 2, 2011, pp. 104-33 Editors: Kevin Crowston, Edgar A. Whitley and Robert Davison Volume 39 Number 1, 2011, pp. 9-25 Editors: Mary Hollerich and Collette Mak 31 International Journal for International Journal of Researcher Development Accounting & Information Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Against the odds: researcher development in teaching-focused HEIs IFRS and US-GAAP comparability before release No. 33-8879: some evidence from US-listed Chinese companies Carol O’Byrne Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland Chunhui Liu Abstract Department of Business and Administration, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Canada Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the emergence of a ‘‘researcher’’ dimension in the academic professional identities of lecturers operating in the teaching-focused Institute of Technology (IoT) sector of Irish higher education. Design/methodology/approach – Using Margaret S. Archer’s social realist conceptualisation of the reflexive formation of personal and social identities as a theoretical lens, life history data from ten research-active lecturers working in one of Ireland’s 13 IoTs were analysed. The research aimed to understand both the factors that influence the development of ‘‘researcher’’ identities in this context and the nature of the identities that develop. Findings – The analysis suggests that sectoral location acts as an obstacle to researcher development but that the restrictions at sectoral level can be counteracted by positive intervention at institutional level. Challenges created by lecturers’ involuntary placement in schools and departments that may be home to a range of disparate disciplines can be resolved. This generally occurs through voluntary alignment with alternative collectivities that provide individuals with coherent conceptual homes. Lecturers can and do develop researcher identities in this context but what it means to be a researcher can vary from one individual to the next. Originality/value – The study provides a valuable insight into the process by which individuals operating in teaching-focused higher education institutions develop the researcher dimension of their academic professional identities. It should be of benefit to individuals striving to become researchers in similar contexts. Its conclusions may also be of value to institutions striving to develop research cultures and to encourage staff to become researchactive. Keywords Academic staff, Development of researcher identities, Higher education, Identity formation, Ireland, Margaret S. Archer, Realist social theory, Technological colleges www.emeraldinsight.com/ 10.1108/17597511111177998 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether reported net income as per US-generally accepted accounting principles (US-GAAP) has become comparable to net income as per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board right before the removal of the US-GAAP reconciliation requirement and what major accounting elements have caused the differences, if any. Design/methodology/approach – Using Gray’s index of comparability suggested by Haverty, the paper compares the reported net income under IFRS for a sample of US-listed Chinese companies using IFRS with the reconciled net income under US-GAAP. Findings – Consistent with Haverty is the finding that net income under IFRS is still not completely comparable to net income under US-GAAP for the same company and that the adjustment for tangible assets revaluation is a major contributor to the difference. In addition, different treatment of business acquisition is found to be another major cause of the incomparability. The comparability has improved at 10 percent threshold since Haverty’s study. Originality/value – This paper provides an update on the status of IFRS and US-GAAP comparability and highlights an additional major area to work on towards improved comparability. Keywords Accounting standards, Auditing guidelines, China, Financial reporting, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/18347641111105917 IJRD IJAIM Volume 2 Number 1, 2011, pp. 8-25 Editor: Linda Evans Volume 19 Number 1, 2011, pp. 24-33 Editor: Lee Yao 32 International Journal of International Journal of Bank Marketing Climate Change Strategies and Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Ethical reputation and value received: customer perceptions Determinants of cities’ GHG emissions: a comparison of seven global cities Jay Prakash Mulki Edoardo Croci Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Sabrina Melandri Fernando Jaramillo Tania Molteni University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA IEFE – Centre for Research on Energy and Environmental Economics and Policy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy Abstract Purpose – This research seeks to explore the role played by ethical reputation in amplifying the positive impact of value received by the customer on satisfaction with the supplier and ultimately loyalty. Design/methodology/approach – Survey responses derived from 299 customers, concerning two large financial institutions within Chile, are used to test relationships among ethical perceptions, customer value, satisfaction, and loyalty. Hypotheses are tested with a structural equation model. Findings – Results show that ethical perceptions about the organization amplify the impact of customer value on customer satisfaction and eventually loyalty. Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the existing literature by showing that ethical perceptions from customers can help financial institutions achieve higher levels of satisfaction and loyalty. Study findings rely on customer survey responses collected in one country and one industry. Generalizability of findings is yet to be tested. Practical implications – Ethical reputation helps financial institutions retain their customers. Originality/value – This is the first study showing that customer perceptions about company ethics amplify the positive impact of customer value on customer satisfaction. Keywords Customer value, Ethics, Loyalty, Satisfaction www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02652321111152891 Abstract Purpose – Urban areas are responsible for significant amounts of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, but cities can have quite different values of carbon footprints. The purpose of this paper is to identify the determinants of urban GHG emissions in order to explain these differences. Design/methodology/approach – Seven global cities – Bangkok, Chicago, London, Madrid, Mexico City, Milan and New York City – have been included in the paper’s sample. These cases have been chosen in order to represent a variety of characteristics and contexts of developed and developing countries and according to data availability. A first level of analysis regards local GHG emission inventories, which attribute emissions to activity sectors. Sectorial emissions are then evaluated to quantify the relevance of several determinants: climate conditions, urban form, economic activities in place, state of technology, mobility and housing infrastructures and costs, and income and life style. Findings – Determinants show different weights in influencing behaviours at city level, and ultimately depend on economic, technical, social and cultural factors. Beside a significant role of climate conditions, urban density appears as the main determinant in shaping residential emissions from direct fuel consumption, whereas, for electricity, consumption patterns and technological features of power generation play a major role. For ground transport, urban form affecting mobility patterns and technological features of the vehicle stock stand out as the most significant determinants. Originality/value – The paper provides a deep insight into urban GHG emission values, making use of a comprehensive set of urban data and highlighting several areas which could possibly be targeted in cities’ GHG reduction policies. An enhanced and widened set of data could improve the paper’s results in a significant way. Keywords Cities, Climate change, Emission indicators, Urban areas, Urban emissions www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17568691111153429 IJBM IJCCSM Volume 29 Number 5, 2011, pp. 358-72 Editor: Jillian Farquhar Volume 3 Number 3, 2011, pp. 275-300 Editor: Walter Leal Filho 33 International Journal of International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology Commerce and Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A cross-cultural study of coworker trust Validation of clothing insulation estimated by global and serial methods Robert D. Costigan Richard C. Instinga Joo-Young Lee J. Jason Berman Department of Ergonomics, Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan St John Fisher College, Rochester, New York, USA Grazyna Kranas Eun-Sook Ko Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland Hyo-Hyun Lee Vladimir A. Kureshov Jae-Young Kim The Higher Business School, Krasnoyarsk, Russia Jeong-Wha Choi Abstract Department of Clothing & Textiles, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between an employee’s trust of coworkers and that employee’s enterprising behavior. The extent to which cultural dimensions, in-group collectivism and power distance, moderate the trustbehavior relationship is considered. Design/methodology/approach – A rigorous research methodology was employed to minimize potential problems with common method variance. Trust ratings were provided by 135 US, 203 Turkish, 100 Polish, and 86 Russian focal employees. Their 524 coworkers provided enterprising behavior ratings for these focal employees. Findings – The results show that both cognitive- and affect-based trusts of coworkers is associated with enterprising behavior. The findings also indicate that the affect-based trust/enterprising behavior relationship is stronger in higher power distance cultures than in lower power distance cultures. In-group collectivism, however, does not moderate the trust enterprising behavior relationships. Originality/value – Trust is thought to nurture enterprising behavior in the workplace. This study looks at the relationship between trust of coworkers and enterprising behavior, an under investigated but key behavior in the modern organization. The moderating role of power distance implies that organizational interventions promoting affect-based trust in coworker relationships may have bigger payoffs as far as behavior change in the high-power distance context than in the low. Keywords Collectivism, Coworker, Cross cultural studies, Culture, Enterprising, Power distance, Trust www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10569211111144328 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine differences between thermal insulation calculated by a global and a serial method using a thermal manikin, in comparison with human trials. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 150 single garments and 38 clothing ensembles were assessed using the manikin; 26 seasonal clothing ensembles were selected for human trials. Findings – The results showed that total insulation of single garments was 16 percent higher in the serial method than in the global method. The difference was higher in garments with smaller covering area per unit garment mass (e.g. winter garments). For seasonal clothing ensembles, the serial values were 39.2 percent (0.18 clo) for spring/fall wear, 62.6 percent (0.15 clo) for summer wear and for winter wear 64.8 percent (0.69 clo) greater than the global values. The clothing insulation by the global method was systemically lower in all 26 seasonal ensembles than values by human trials, which suggests that the values by the global calculation can be more accurately corrected with human testing data. Originality/value – The paper shows that values by the serial calculation were lower in spring/fall and summer ensembles but greater in winter garments than values collated by human trials. It suggests that the serial values had a lower validity when compared with thermal insulation values collated from human trials. Keywords Clothing, Thermal insulation, Thermal properties of materials www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09556221111107360 IJCST IJCOMA Volume 23 Number 2/3, 2011, pp. 184-98 Editor: George K. Stylios Volume 21 Number 2, 2011, pp. 103-21 Editor: Abbas J. Ali 34 International Journal of International Journal of Conflict Management Contemporary Hospitality Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Is too much cognitive conflict in strategic decision-making teams too bad? Young adult interaction with wine in the UK Caroline Ritchie Satyanarayana Parayitam University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA Welsh Department for Hospitality, Tourism and Events Management, Cardiff School of Management, University of Wales Institute, Cardiff (UWIC), Cardiff, UK Robert S. Dooley Abstract Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA Purpose – This paper aims to investigate how the 18- to 30-age group currently interacts with wine in a variety of settings. It seeks to establish how young adults in the UK currently perceive, use, purchase and consume wine. This is the next generation of UK wine consumers. Design/methodology/approach – A total of seven focus groups were held throughout England and Wales. Participants were between the ages of 18-30 and consumed wine. A gender balance reflecting UK wine consumption patterns was maintained. One focus group was run to incorporate atypical young wine consumers. Findings – Wine is for sharing but a bottle is too big for one person. This key result influences behaviours; younger adults may not buy wine, especially in the on-trade, but with age this inclusivity increased consumption with partners and friends. Paradoxically, whilst the public image of wine remains as a civilised cultured beverage, it is often consumed during heavy drinking sessions in private situations. In addition, young adult consumers may not actually know how much they spend on wine, but use media to suggest suitable prices in public forums. Research limitations/implications – The sample population used was small and may not be representative quantitatively. However, the use of focus groups enabled the gathering of significant qualitative data. Practical implications – The 18- to 30-age cohort is smaller than the 45 to 64s, who currently consume the most wine. Understanding how this population interacts with wine, identifying potential new markets, may enable the wine and hospitality industries to react effectively to their needs. Originality/value – Understanding how young adults interact with wine rather than their parents will increase understanding of changing behaviours in relation to the social usage of wine. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Culture (sociology), United Kingdom, Wines, Young adults www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09596111111101698 Abstract Purpose – Past research on strategic decision making has emphasized the influence of cognitive conflict and affective conflict on the decision outcomes. Early researchers demonstrated that affective conflict has negative outcomes whereas cognitive conflict has positive outcomes. While the negative outcomes of affective conflict remain non-controversial, the positive outcomes of cognitive conflict are not always consistent. The research on the outcomes of cognitive conflict is perplexedly mixed. Taking an information processing perspective, the present study aims to examine the relationship between cognitive conflict on decision outcomes, while controlling for affective conflict. Design/methodology/approach – The authors surveyed 109 hospitals in the USA and collected data from top management teams (CEOs and senior executives). After performing confirmatory factor analysis of the measures used, the data were analyzed using hierarchical regression techniques to examine the curvilinear relationships between cognitive conflict among the teams and its influence on decision quality and decision understanding. Findings – Analysis of team data supports the hypotheses that there exists curvilinear (inverted-U shaped) relationship between cognitive conflict and decision quality, and between cognitive conflict and decision commitment. Research limitations/implications – Since the data were collected from self-report measures, limitations of social desirability bias may be inherent. Practical implications – Evidence for a curvilinear relationship between cognitive conflict and decision outcomes extends to the existing strategic management literature. Further, the findings from this study are particularly useful for practicing managers. This study suggests that CEO and team members need not overemphasize cognitive conflict beyond a limit because it may have deleterious consequences. The findings reveal that a moderate level of cognitive conflict, instead of too much conflict, is always desirable. Originality/value – Though the sample in the present study focuses only on the healthcare industry, to the extent strategic decision making process is similar in other industries, the findings can be generalizable across other industries. Keywords Affective conflict, Chief executives, Cognitive conflict, Corporate strategy, Decision commitment, Decision making, Decision quality, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10444061111171350 IJCMA IJCHM Volume 22 Number 4, 2011, pp. 342-57 Editor: Richard A. Posthuma Volume 23 Number 1, 2011, pp. 99-114 Editor: Fevzi Okumus 35 International Journal of International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research Development Issues Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Multi-media research and the consumption of popular culture Encouraging pharmaceutical innovation to meet the needs of both developed and developing countries Marylouise Caldwell Christopher J. Longo Senior Lecturer based at the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada Paul Henry Associate Professor based at the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Abstract Purpose – Current pharmaceutical global pricing strategies functionally exclude developing countries from the market for drugs to treat many diseases. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate some of the proposed patent reward models to determine their feasibility in the current environment. Design/methodology/approach – A review of a variety of proposals including special financing or tax arrangements, publicprivate partnerships, and government-funded patent purchases are briefly reviewed. A more in-depth examination of the recently proposed health impact fund (HIF) is undertaken. Findings – In brief, the HIF requires developed countries to donate to a fund that finances the release of pharmaceutical patents. The pharmaceutical companies would be reimbursed over a ten-year period from the government donation pool based on the medicine’s health impact. The expected consequence of this policy would be affordable medicines for developed and developing countries. This examination highlights deficiencies in the current HIF strategy and offers a number of suggestions mostly focused on a more balanced sharing of the inherent risks in pharmaceutical product development to improve the strategies viability. Practical implications – Although among the proposed strategies, the HIF offers the most promise, the suggested changes would result in a program viewed more favourably by the pharmaceutical industry and participating countries. Originality/value – Although it is recognized that pricing challenges are limiting the availability to essential medications in developing countries, current strategies often ignore many of the market dynamics for pharmaceuticals. This critique, focused on the HIF strategy, is presented in an effort to improve the likely success of the most promising of these strategies. Keywords Developing countries, Ethics, Patents, Pharmaceutical products, Pricing www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14468951111123346 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this editorial is to introduce six audiovisual and written pieces that communicate research findings about contemporary popular culture. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a summary overview of the papers in the special issue, highlighting similarities across submissions as well their distinctive contributions. Findings – The authors conclude that researchers apply audiovisual material to communicate their research findings in at least two ways: as stand-alones to convey key messages; and to validate and/or dramatize highlights of their written work. Originality/value – The paper provides an introduction to a special issue that features the application of multi-media to communicate research findings associated with contemporary popular culture. Keywords Consumption, Ethnography, Leisure, Multimedia, Popular culture, Video www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506181111174619 IJCTHR IJDI Volume 5 Number 4, 2011, pp. 331-33 Editor: Arch Woodside Volume 10 Number 1, 2011, pp. 92-101 Editor: Dilip Dutta 36 International Journal of International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment Educational Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Climate change risks and opportunities in hospital adaptation Exploring the impact of school leadership on pupil outcomes: results from a study of academically improved and effective schools in England Martin Loosemore Jane Carthey Pam Sammons Faculty of the Built Environment, Centre for Health Assets Australasia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Department of Education, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Venny Chandra Christopher Day Ciputra Group, Jakarta, Indonesia School of Education, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK Qing Gu Anumitra Mirti Chand James Ko Faculty of the Built Environment, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong, PR China Abstract Purpose – The future of healthcare delivery will depend in part on the adaptive capacity of hospital infrastructure required to respond to the predicted physical and health-related impacts of climate change. The purpose of this paper is to assess the vulnerabilities and opportunities of existing hospital facilities faced with climaterelated extreme weather events and to identify adaptive strategies that will enable existing hospital facilities to assist rather than hinder healthcare continuity and quality during these events. Design/methodology/approach – Four major hospitals in Australia and New Zealand, significantly exposed to climate change-associated extreme weather event risks, were selected as case studies. A risk management workshop was conducted for each case study using the risk and opportunity management system methodology. Findings – The preliminary findings identified several key objectives associated with responding to the impact of extreme weather events on healthcare infrastructure. Assuming the overall aim of ensuring continuity of service delivery, the common objectives are: guaranteeing the availability of essential (building) services; maintaining the physical integrity of the hospital; supporting effective inter-agency communication; and providing access to and from the hospital for staff and patients. Research limitations/implications – Given Australia’s relatively high exposure to climate extremes, the social, economic and health benefits of developing hospital adaptation strategies to mitigate risks and maximize opportunities in responding are significant. Practical implications – The outcomes of this research will contribute to a growing evidence base of design and facilities management adaptation strategies for hospitals susceptible to increasing risks of extreme weather events. Originality/value – The paper presents the first assessment of climate vulnerabilities and opportunities for hospital facilities in Australia and New Zealand. Keywords Adaptation, Australia, Building specifications, Climate change, Extreme weather events, Hospitals, New Zealand, Risk management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17595901111167097 Abstract IJDRBE IJEM Volume 2 Number 3 2011, pp. 210-21 Editors: Richard Haigh and Dilanthi Amaratunga Volume 25 Number 1, 2011, pp. 83-101 Editor: Brian Roberts Purpose – This study aims to explore the impact of school leadership, particularly that of the principal (head teacher), on school improvement in England. Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a mixedmethods (MM), longitudinal design to investigate the leadership of a sample of academically effective and improving schools identified from analyses of national assessment and examination data sets. In addition, questionnaire surveys of principals and key staff and 20 qualitative school case studies were conducted. The paper reports results from the questionnaire analyses and changes in measures of school performance over three school years using data from 378 primary and 362 secondary schools. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models (SEM) test direct and indirect effects of school leadership and school and classroom processes in predicting changes in schools’ academic results. Findings – The analyses identified robust underlying dimensions of leadership and school and classroom processes and highlighted strategies and actions that school principals and staff had adopted to raise pupil attainment. The SEM models reveal both direct and indirect effects of leadership on a range of school and classroom processes that in turn predicted changes (improvements) in schools’ academic performance. Originality/value – This original empirical study presents new results on the leadership of a large sample of effective and improving primary and secondary schools in England. A dynamic model is presented predicting changes in schools’ academic performance over three years and identifying direct effects of leadership on school and classroom processes and indirect effects on improvements in schools’ academic results. Keywords England, Leadership, Organizational performance, Principals, Schools www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09513541111100134 37 International Journal of International Journal of Emerging Markets Energy Sector Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A comparative analysis of the attitudes toward women managers in China, Chile, and the USA A stochastic optimisation framework for analysing economic returns and risk distribution in the LNG business Rajshekhar (Raj) G. Javalgi Haydn I. Furlonge Robert Scherer LNG and Investment Analysis, The National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago, Pt Lisas, Trinidad and Tobago Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Carol Sánchez Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA Abstract Purpose – The liquefied natural gas (LNG) business comprises a number of economic activities with inherent risks. The purpose of this paper is to propose an integrated modelling approach, as part of the investment decision-making process, for optimising economic returns from LNG whilst taking into account uncertainty in various key input parameters. Design/methodology/approach – Inter-linked cash flow and pricing models of the LNG chain were constructed. Net present value was maximised based on selection of netback pricing variables and level of investment shareholding. Constraints were placed on the minimum acceptable returns. The risk affinity of the decision maker was captured in the form of a chance-constrained optimisation problem. A genetic algorithm was applied for numerical optimisation, in combination with Monte Carlo simulations to account for the stochastic nature of the problem. Findings – Based on the results of a case study, the deterministic solution, having no consideration to uncertainty, was found to be both sub-optimal and provided an unsatisfactory risk outcome. The stochastic approach yielded an optimal solution with due consideration to risk. Various scenarios show that the choice of the decision variables significantly impacts the trade-off between risk and returns along the LNG chain to government and investor. Research limitations/implications – The suitability of the methodology to the operational phase of the LNG business which incorporates different elements of risk, such as market dynamics and logistics, is as yet untested. Originality/value – This framework may be useful in the formulation of optimal commercial structure of firms, investment portfolio and gas/LNG pricing arrangements for host governments involved in the LNG business. Keywords Decision making, Energy industry, Liquefied natural gas, Modelling, Natural gas, Optimization techniques, Profit maximization, Risk analysis www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506221111186332 Lorena Pradenas Rojas Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile Vı́ctor Parada Daza Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile Chi-en Hwang Cedarville University, Cedarville, Ohio, USA Wu Yan Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this research is to determine if stereotypical perceptions of women as managers exist between men and women in three countries: the USA, China, and Chile. Based on the extant literature, hypotheses were developed and tested. Design/methodology/approach – Participants in the study were students enrolled in degree programs. The data were collected from the USA, China, and Chile using the ‘‘Women as Managers Scale’’. The study explores attitudinal dimensions. Further, gender and country effects were identified at both multivariate and univariate levels. Findings – The findings show that stereotypical perceptions of women as managers exist between men and women in the USA, China, and Chile. US and Chilean men had more positive perceptions of women as managers than Chinese men. Chinese men and women displayed the lowest perceptions of women as managers. Originality/value – The results of this study offer useful insights for international managers on the perceptions of women as managers in three distinct countries. Implications for research and practice in international management shed additional light on this important topic. Keywords Chile, China, Emerging markets, Gender stereotypes, Stereotypical perceptions, United States of America, Women as managers www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17468801111144067 IJESM IJOEM Volume 5 Number 4, 2011, pp. 471-93 Editors: Subhes C. Bhattacharyya and Prasanta Kumar Dey Volume 6 Number 3, 2011, pp. 233-53 Editor: Yusaf H. Akbar 38 International Journal of International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research Gender and Entrepreneurship Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Enterprise orientations: a framework for making sense of fashion sector start-up Gender, human capital, and opportunity identification in Mexico Colleen Mills Marı́a de los Dolores González Department of Management, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Academico de Emprendimiento, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico Bryan W. Husted Abstract Schulich School of Business, York University, Toronto, Canada and Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico Purpose – This paper aims to present an original conceptual model that captures the orientations of new business founders in the fashion design sector as they navigate the tension between creative endeavour and business practice. Design/methodology/approach – The start-up experiences of 38 fashion designers from the four main fashion centres in New Zealand were examined using an interpretive narrative approach. The designers’ enterprise development narratives were analysed using in-depth literary and conceptual analyses to reveal the nature and context of their start-up behaviour and the conceptual frameworks they employed to make sense of their start-up behaviour. Findings – The designers were, to varying degrees, preoccupied with a perceived tension between creative processes and business practices. This tension was typically experienced as a disjunction between self-identity and the identities supported by the business models designers worked within. Successfully navigating this tension could require significant conceptual shifts or fundamental adjustments in business approaches which challenged designers’ original rationales for start-up. The analysis of designers’ responses to the creativity-business tension and how they made sense of this produced a conceptual framework, a space delineated by three basic enterprise orientations: creative enterprise orientation (CEO), creative business orientation (CBO), and fashion industry orientation (FIO). Research limitations/implications – This conceptual framework has major implications for policy makers and providers of design education and business support as it offers a means of differentiating between the lived-in experiences of designers. In so doing it could be used as a tool for tailoring support more appropriately to designers’ needs. The narrative approach produced rich, contextualised insights and a template for the further studies that will be required to establish the wider applicability of the framework. Originality/value – The original conceptual framework presented here provides much needed insight into creative business start-ups that will allow better targeting of education, support and policy development. The approach used to create this framework is an innovative example of how narrative and sensemaking approaches can be combined to provide rich insights into enterprise creation from the entrepreneur’s perspective. Keywords Business formation, Entrepreneurs, Fashion industry, New Zealand www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13552551111130709 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand how gender affects the number and innovativeness of business opportunities identified by future entrepreneurs in Mexico. Design/methodology/approach – Comparing social feminist theory and human capital theory, this study examines the effect that human capital has on opportunity identification among men and women in Mexico. The authors specifically examine the role of specific and general human capital in the opportunity identification process. A survey instrument was applied to 174 MBA students at a university in Northeastern Mexico. Findings – This study shows the significant effect of specific human capital: people with greater prior knowledge of customer needs or problems tended to identify more opportunities; however, the probability of identifying opportunities with innovation increased when individuals had been exposed to different industries through prior work and entrepreneurial experience. Gender differences were not significant for either the number of opportunities identified or the innovativeness of such opportunities. Originality/value – This study provides evidence of the effect that human capital and gender have on opportunity identification in Mexico and provides an explanation within a context that has not been studied previously. Keywords Gender, Human capital, Mexico, Opportunity identification www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17566261111169322 IJEBR IJGE Volume 17 Number 3, 2011, pp. 245-71 Editor: Simon Down Volume 3 Number 3, 2011, pp. 236-53 Editors: Colette Henry and Lorna Treanor 39 International Journal of International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance Housing Markets and Analysis Outstanding Paper Mark-to-market and house asset valuation: an initial attempt at extending the Poterba model using the term structure of real forward interest rates Outstanding Paper Eric J. Levin Performance evaluation of knowledge management among hospital employees Department of Urban Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Ying-Ying Chang Alberto Montagnoli Department of Business Administrition, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Department of Economics, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK Pi-Fang Hsu Gwilym Pryce Department of Communications Management, Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Urban Studies, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK Min-Hua Li Abstract Cardinal Tien Hospital, Hsin Chu Mercy Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan Purpose – Downward movements in house prices can exacerbate bank crises if mark-to-market methods of asset valuation are used by lenders to assess their current balance sheet exposure. There is an imperative to find methods of house price index calculation that reflect equilibrium prices rather than temporary undershoots. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new methodology in order to evaluate whether market house prices are different from their fundamental asset prices. Design/methodology/approach – This paper proposes a method for house asset valuation that incorporates expected house price appreciation as an endogenous variable. This avoids the necessity to make conjectures about expected future house price appreciation when applying Poterba’s user-cost method of house asset valuation. The methodological extension to Poterba’s user-cost method of house asset valuation endogenises expected house price appreciation as the noarbitrage expected price appreciation consistent with the term structure of real interest rates. A benchmark equilibrium house valuation can be calculated because the term structure of real forward interest rates is observable in financial markets. This enables market house prices to be compared with the benchmark equilibrium valuation in order to determine if house prices are overvalued or undervalued. Findings – The paper presents the results of a worked example to illustrate how this approach could be applied in practice. Research limitations/implications – There are a number of issues associated with the measurement of user cost which we do not address here and which the authors hope will provide fruitful avenues for future research. There are also issues regarding the impact of tax frameworks on the returns to housing, particularly the taxation of mortgage interest and imputed income. More work also needs to be done in comparing the performance of the extended Poterba model against alternative approaches, such as those that use expected inflation and/or long-run average house price appreciation, or the real interest rate spread to proxy for expected capital appreciation, and how these different approaches compare in different institutional and socio-economic contexts. Practical implications – The authors’ results underscore the rationale for mortgage banks to use marking to model instead of marking to market, and this in turn should reduce unnecessary macroeconomic instability when the market prices of houses undershoot fundamental value. Originality/value – The paper shows how the term structure of real forward interest rates, observable in financial markets, can be used to extend the Poterba model. Keywords Assets valuation, Housing, Interest rates, Market forces, Prices, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538271111137949 Ching-Ching Chang National Taipei College of Nursing, Taipei, Taiwan Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the cognition of knowledge management (KM) among hospital employees and the relationship between KM and the KM enabler activities (financial, customer, internal business processes, learning and growth) in a regional hospital in Taiwan. Design/methodology/approach – Both qualitative and quantitative research were used in this study. The instrument was conducted using in-depth interviews of three policy-makers as participants. The quantitative data were collected from a regional hospital in the Northern part of Taiwan with a 77 percent effective response rate (n = 154). Findings – The findings in this paper indicate that the cognition and demand for KM in subordinates is close to the expectations of policy-makers. The policy-makers expect subordinates working in the hospital to be brave in taking on new responsibilities and complying with hospital operation norms. KM is emphasized as a powerful and positive asset. Moreover, understanding KM predicts good performance in an organization. Research limitations/implications – The findings in this paper can be generalized to other regional hospitals. The findings may be applied to a wider population. Practical implications – This study can provide insights into the perceptions and cognitions of workers in a hospital about KM and the activities of KM enablers. The responses and perceptions observed in the interviews in this study, as well as the quantitative research results could be useful to other hospitals and individuals who engage KM as a new management trend. Originality/value – This study suggested KM guidelines for policymakers who are experienced managers. Keywords Balanced scorecard, Knowledge management, Taiwan www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09526861111139188 IJHCQA IJHMA Volume 24 Number 5, 2011, pp. 348-65 Editors: Keith Hurst and Kay Downey-Ennis Volume 4 Number 2, 2011, pp. 172-9 Editor: Richard Reed 40 International Journal of International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics Law and Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Spatially distributed cellular neural networks Post-crisis developments in international financial markets Varsha Bhambhani Alexander Suetin Luis Valbuena-Reyes Herbert Tanner SolBridge International School of Business, Daejeon, South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate what affected the post-crisis developments in international financial markets with special reference to current innovations in the financial industry. Design/methodology/approach – The paper revisits banks failures in recession years occurred in presence of a huge unprecedented guarantee programmes worth 16.4 per cent of gross domestic product in a median advanced economy. Findings – Financial markets are indispensable despite finance’s risks are everyone’s because banks rely both directly and indirectly on taxpayers’ support. Still the finance industry enables more trade to take place than would otherwise occur. The rally after crisis is driven by liquidity. In this context, special attention is paid to the situation on the gold market. The paper underscores that the dollar declinism is overblown. Still the situation with shifting and reorganising the world demand stays open. Originality/value – The paper adds insight into post-crisis developments in international financial markets. Keywords Economic conditions, Financial markets, Recession www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17542431111111881 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for the design of cellular neural networks with interconnection topologies optimized and suitable for spatially distributed implementation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors perform combinatorial optimization on the neural network’s topology to obtain a sparser network, in which the links between the components of the network that reside in different physical locations are minimized. The approach builds on existing computationally efficient tools for the design of cellular neural networks and uses the concept of the network’s stability parameters to assess the performance of the network prior to testing. Findings – It turns out that the sparser cellular neural networks thus produced exhibit performance that can be on par with that of networks with full connectivity, and that for implementations of modest size, communication delays are not that significant to affect the stability of the dynamical system. Originality/value – The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the formulation of the combinatorial optimization problem in a way that trades-off network performance for communication overhead, and the use of this method for the physical implementation of associative memories across different interconnected processors. Keywords Neural nets, Neural networks, Pattern recognition www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17563781111186752 IJICC IJLMA Volume 4 Number 4, 2011, pp. 465-86 Editor: Haibin Duan Volume 53 Number 1, 2011, pp. 51-61 Editors: Clive Smallman and Chris Gale 41 International Journal of International Journal of Law in the Built Environment Managerial Finance Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Comparative analysis of some aspects of assessment of damages for contractual breaches in England and Wales, Australia and New Zealand Liquidity risk, credit risk, market risk and bank capital Simone Varotto Maree Chetwin ICMA Centre – Henley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, UK College of Business and Economics, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between liquidity and credit risk, and employ the findings to estimate the Incremental Risk Charge (IRC), the new credit risk capital add-on introduced by the Basel Committee for banks’ trading books. The IRC estimates are compared with stressed market risk measures, derived from a sample of corporate bond indices encompassing the recent financial crisis. This can determine the extent to which trading book capital would change in stress conditions, under newly proposed rules. Design/methodology/approach – The Basel II and the proposed Basel III capital requirements for banks’ trading books, with a sample of bond portfolios, are implemented. Findings – The findings show that, although the (incremental) credit risk in the trading book may be considerable, the capital needed to absorb market risk-related losses in stressed scenarios can be more than ten times larger. Originality/value – The data, methodology and purpose are all original. Keywords Liquidity, Credit, Risk management, Capital markets, Financial risk www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17439131111122139 Abstract Purpose – The paper aims to examine the judicial approach to some aspects of contract damages in England and Wales, Australia and New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is an analysis of judgments of the three jurisdictions and academic commentary. Findings – Generally, there is uniformity in the assessment of damages in the jurisdictions discussed as is illustrated with liquidated damages and the adherence to the judgment of the House of Lords. However, the same adherence is not evident in the case of lower court judgments in the controversial area of ‘‘consequential loss’’. Although not a remedy, it is an integral part of the assessment of damages process when included in exception clauses. Originality/value – The research highlights the need for knowledge of the legal issues to ensure that the contract covers what is intended so that a party is not without a remedy when the contract fails. Keywords Australia, Comparative damages issues, Consequential loss, Damages, England, Liquidated, New Zealand, Wales www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17561451111148239 IJLBE IJMF Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 113-25 Editor: Paul Chynoweth Volume 7 Number 2, 2011, pp. 134-52 Editors: Ralf Zurbruegg and David Michayluk 42 International Journal of Manpower International Journal of Managing Projects in Business Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Breaking out of the straitjacket of project research: in search of contribution Do they stay or do they go? A longitudinal study of intentions to leave and exclusion from working life among targets of workplace bullying Mattias Jacobsson Umeå School of Business, UmeÍ University, Umeå, Sweden Mona Berthelsen National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway Anders Söderholm Anders Skogstad Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Abstract Bjørn Lau Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how a different and partly new strategy is needed in order to make research on projects relevant and interesting to a wider scientific community, including organisation and management theory. Design/methodology/approach – The aim is accomplished through a mystery-focused process that identifies what is not explained and continuously confronts empirical data with theoretical explanations in an interactive manner. Findings – Based on a phenomenology-stimulated meta-analysis of the field of project research, the paper outlines an alternative view of the field of project research and four streams of research, each of which is represented by its own scope, focus, audience and ‘‘takenfor-granted’’ assumptions. The streams are: in search of best practice, in search of legitimacy, in search of inspiration and in search of contribution. Research limitations/implications – The paper suggests that, in order to make an true impact on management and social science theories in general, projects must be redefined as objects of study rather than the raison d’être. The inherent paradox, and the conclusion of the paper is that, in order to become more relevant for a broader research community, projects must be reduced to an empirical illustration, a case among others. Originality/value – The paper provides a meta-analysis of the project management research field and offers new insights into challenges that need to be addressed in order to make project management research relevant for a wider management research community. Keywords Future development, Management research, Perspectives, Project management, Projects www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538371111144139 National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway Ståle Einarsen University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Abstract Purpose – This study aims to explore relationships between exposure to bullying at work and intention to leave the organisation, actual leaving the workplace, and exclusion from working life through sick leave or rehabilitation or disability pension. Design/methodology/approach – A prospective design with two surveys of a national representative sample of the Norwegian work force was used (n = 1,775). The response rate at the first data collection in 2005 was 56.4 per cent, and 70 per cent at the second data collection in 2007. Bullying was measured using two measurement methods: self-labelled victims of bullying and exposure to bullying behaviour, respectively. Findings – This study shows partial support for Leymann’s assumption that bullying at work will lead to exclusion from working life. Logistic regressions showed that victims of bullying considered leaving their work more often than did individuals who were not bullied, on both measurement times. The results also showed that victims have changed employer more often than non-victims. However, most victims are still working full time or part time two years later. Practical implications – Prevention of workplace bullying must be handled through procedures on an organisational level. Rehabilitation programs and reintegration must be offered for employees unable to stay in their job. Counselling should be available for those who experience bullying or consider leaving their job. Originality/value – To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study examining bullying, intention to leave, turnover and exclusion from working life with a prospective longitudinal design. Keywords Bullying, Employee behaviour, Employee turnover, Norway www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01437721111130198 IJMPB IJM Volume 4 Number 3, 2011, pp. 378-88 Editor: Derek Walker Volume 32 Number 2, 2011, pp. 178-93 Editor: Adrian Ziderman 43 International Journal of International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow Outstanding Paper Challenges and barriers to services for immigrant seniors in Canada: ‘‘you are among others but you feel alone’’ Miriam Stewart Outstanding Paper Faculty of Nursing and School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Numerical simulation of natural convection and phase-change in a horizontal Bridgman apparatus Edward Shizha Department of Contemporary Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Brantford, Canada Edward Makwarimba Diego Celentano University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada Denise Spitzer Departamento de Ingenierı́a Mecánica y Metalúrgica, Pontificia Universidad Catôlica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Women’s Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Marcela Cruchaga Ernest N. Khalema Departamento de Ingenierı́a Mecánica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada Jorge Romero Christina D. Nsaliwa Departamento de Ingenierı́a Metalúrgica, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile Edmonton Immigrant Services Association, Edmonton, Canada Mohammed El Ganaoui Faculté des Sciences, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to explore varied interrelated challenges and barriers experienced by immigrant seniors. Design/methodology/approach – Senior immigrants representing diverse ethnicities (Chinese, Afro Caribbean, Former Yugoslavian, Spanish) described their challenges, support needs, and barriers to service access. Service providers and policy makers from organizations serving immigrant seniors were interviewed to elicit their views on barriers to access and appropriateness of services for immigrant seniors. Qualitative methods were employed to enhance understanding of meanings, perceptions, beliefs, values, and behaviors of immigrant seniors, and investigate sensitive issues experienced by vulnerable groups. The qualitative data were subjected to thematic content analysis. Findings – Seniors reported financial and language difficulties, health problems, discrimination, family conflicts, and social isolation. Although most immigrant seniors appreciated the standard of living in Canada and the services provided to seniors, most believed that support received was inadequate. Seniors encountered systemic (e.g. government policies), institutional (e.g. culturally inappropriate programs), and personal (e.g. transportation, language problems) barriers to accessing social and health services. Service providers and policy makers faced high costs of programs, inadequate financial and human resources, inadequate information about needs of immigrant seniors, inadequate geographical coverage, and lack of inter-sectoral collaboration. Practical implications – The challenges experienced by immigrant seniors have implications for programs and policies and can inform the development of culturally sensitive and appropriate services. Social implications – The barriers encountered by service providers in assisting immigrant seniors point to the importance of inter-sectoral coordination, cultural sensitivity training, and expansion of service providers’ mandates. Originality/value – This study revealed numerous unmet needs for successful acculturation of immigrant and refugee seniors in Canada. It also reveals that the most cogent and sustainable approach to close this chasm of support deficits, unattended challenges, and complex stressors is to implement a model that simultaneously addresses the three levels and use a multisectoral approach. Keywords Access barriers, Canada, Immigrants, Seniors, Services www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17479891111176278 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a 2D numerical simulation of natural convection and phase-change of succinonitrile in a horizontal Bridgman apparatus. Three different heat transfer mechanisms are specifically studied: no growth, solidification and melting. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is carried out with a preexisting thermally coupled fixed-mesh finite element formulation for generalized phase-change problems. Findings – In the three cases analyzed, the predicted steady-state liquid-solid interfaces are found to be highly curved due to the development of a primary shallow cell driven by the imposed furnace temperature gradient. In the no growth case, the heating and cooling jackets remain fixed and, therefore, a stagnant liquidsolid interface is obtained. On the other hand, the phase transformation in the solidification and melting cases is, respectively, controlled by the forward and backward movement of the jackets. In these last two growth conditions, the permanent regime is characterized by a moving liquid-solid interface that continuously shifts with the same velocity of the jackets. The numerical results satisfactorily approach the experimental measurements available in the literature. Originality/value – The numerical simulation of the no growth, solidification and melting cases in a horizontal Bridgman apparatus using a finite element based formulation is the main contribution of this work. This investigation does not only provide consistent results with those previously computed via different numerical techniques for the no growth and solidification conditions but also reports on original numerical predictions for the melting problem. Moreover, all the obtained solid-liquid interfaces are validated with experimental measurements existing in the literature. Keywords Heat transfer, Organic compounds, Phase transformations, Simulation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09615531111123065 IJMHSC HFF Volume 7 Number 1, 2011, pp. 16-32 Editor: Charles Watters Volume 21 Number 4, 2011, pp. 366-76 Editor: Roland W. Lewis 44 International Journal of International Journal of Operations & Production Management Organizational Analysis Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Sustainable procurement in the public sector: an international comparative study Italian wine firms: strategic branding and financial performance Stephen Brammer Demetris Vrontis Strategic Management Group, Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Alkis Thrassou Helen Walker School of Business, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus Logistics and Operations Management Section, Cardiff Business School, Cardiff, UK Matteo Rossi University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy Abstract Purpose – Public bodies are being encouraged to procure sustainably, to reduce their social and environmental footprint and in order to stimulate sustainability in the private sector. However, little is known about how public sector organisations internationally are responding to this encouragement or of the conditions that are most conducive to sustainable procurement (SP). The purpose of this paper is to address these gaps in our knowledge so as to inform policy development at the government and organisational levels. Design/methodology/approach – The authors report the findings of a survey of SP practices within a sample of over 280 public procurement practitioners from 20 countries and with collective responsibility for expenditure totalling $45bn p.a. Findings – The authors’ analysis shows that some SP practices are evident in public sector procurement practice and that the extent and nature of SP practices varies significantly across regions. In addition, the authors highlight the main facilitators of, and barriers to, engagement with SP and investigate their importance for engagement with particular dimensions of SP. Research limitations/implications – Survey respondents are volunteers and may to some degree be more interested in, or engaged with, SP than other public sector organisations. The analysis is cross-sectional and therefore provides only a snapshot of SP practice in the public sector organisations studied. Practical implications – The paper identifies how policy and practice in SP vary across regions, providing practical insights into whether and how government policies are being implemented around the world. Originality/value – The paper provides the first systematic and comprehensive insight into how public bodies are implementing SP internationally and of the major situational factors that are shaping engagement with SP. The authors evaluate the current effectiveness of policy initiatives regarding SP and highlight the organisational catalysts and inhibitors of greater involvement in SP. Keywords Public procurement, Social responsibility www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01443571111119551 Abstract Purpose – Over the last few years, the wine industry has been undergoing a process of accelerated change, consequent to the constantly changing wine geography, both from the demand and the supply sides. This research is based on the 2011 work of Rossi et al. and aims to develop a preliminary prescriptive strategic branding framework for the Campania (Italy) wine firms. Design/methodology/approach – The research focuses on branding strategies and financial performance. It is based on extensive secondary data; the research is exploratory in nature, and it is a theoretical research. Findings – The paper achieves four main objectives: to understand the industry’s local and international competitive situation; to identify the role and potentialities of branding in competitive terms; to identify the underlying factors of consumer behavior in relation to wine branding; and to develop a preliminary prescriptive strategic branding framework for the Campania wine firms, with generic application and value. Research limitations/implications – The limitations of the paper are the result of its very nature: it is a largely conceptual paper. Empirical research is therefore needed to test and validate the essentially preliminary framework developed and the (well-based) assumptions made towards its development. Originality/value – The value of the paper stems from the fact that practically no research exists on the subject and this work provides a solid and comprehensive theoretical foundation for further research to build on. Additionally, this research studies the subject but also through the identification of true underlying consumer behavior factors. Keywords Brands, Competitive strategy, Financial performance, Italy, Marketing, Strategic branding, Wines www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/19348831111173423 IJOPM IJOA Volume 31 Number 4, 2011, pp. 452-76 Editor: Steve Brown Volume 19 Number 4, 2011, pp. 288-304 Editor: Peter Stokes 45 International Journal of International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper An energy-efficient scheme for reporting events over WSNs Late entrant over-the-counter and Rx market entry strategies: an investigation in the pharmaceutical industry Hajar Mousannif Department of Computer Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco Erin Cavusgil Hassan Al Moatassime Z. Seyda Deligonul Department of Mathematics, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco St John Fisher College, Rochester, New York, USA University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan, USA Roger Calantone Said Rakrak Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Department of Computer Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to explore market dynamics and strategic issues that contribute to a late entrant’s success in achieving market leadership in the prescription (Rx) and over-thecounter (OTC) markets. In the Rx market, consumers must receive physicians’ approval before purchasing the product. In the OTC market, consumers make the final drug choice. Design/methodology/approach – Data on sales (both Rx and OTC) and direct-to-consumer advertising expenditures for nine gastrointestinal drug products were obtained covering a 17-year period. Ordinary least squares regression was employed. Findings – The findings show that late-market entrants, despite existing challenges, can become market leaders. This applies to both the Rx and OTC markets, via varying mechanisms. Originality/value – This study is unique in demonstrating the differential mechanism in achieving market success for late entrants in the Rx and OTC markets. Keywords Late entrant, Market entry, Market pioneer, Medical prescriptions, Pharmaceuticals industry, Rx-to-OTC www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506121111149217 Abstract Purpose – Energy consumption has always been the most serious issue to consider while deploying wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Sensor nodes are limited in power, computational capacities and memory so reporting the occurrence of specific events, such as fire or flooding, as quickly as possible using minimal energy resources is definitely a challenging issue. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new, reactive and energy-efficient scheme for reporting events. In this scheme, nodes that detect a certain event will organize themselves into a cluster, elect a clusterhead that will collect data from the cluster members, aggregate it and forward it to the mobile sink. Design/methodology/approach – In order to evaluate the scheme, a new sensor node model was designed, where the network layer is implemented from scratch. This layer contains the state process model of the algorithm which was made available through a highfidelity process modeling methodology. Findings – Simulation results show that a high-event notification delivery ratio and a significant energy saving is achieved by deploying the proposed sensor node model; comparisons with existing methods show the efficiency of using the new scheme. Originality/value – The new contribution in this paper is a novel, reactive and energy-efficient scheme for reporting events over WSNs. The concept introduced in this paper will decrease energy consumption inside the network and, thus, improve its lifetime. Keywords Cluster analysis, Data collection, Energy conservation, Report generators, Sensors, Wireless www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17427371111123685 IJPCC IJPHM Volume 7 Number 1, 2011, pp. 44-59 Editor: Ismail Khalil Volume 5 Number 2, 2011, pp. 79-98 Editor: Avinandan Mukherjee 46 International Journal of International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management Productivity and Performance Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper ‘‘Supply Chain 2.0’’: managing supply chains in the era of turbulence Bottom-up approach for productivity measurement in large public organizations Martin Christopher Aki Jääskeläinen School of Management, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK Erkki Uusi-Rauva Matthias Holweg Department of Industrial Management, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Abstract Purpose – This study aims to identify means to overcome some of the current problems in public service productivity measurement. The objective is to develop a new method for measuring productivity in large public organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The research is carried out as a constructive case study in the City of Helsinki, Finland. Interviews are used in order to identify practical requirements for measurement. The measurement data from around 200 units is used in testing the method. Findings – The new method applies an approach proposed in the literature. It aggregates measurement information from component measures used at the operative level. Based on test calculations and evaluation it is argued that the new method is managerially more relevant than a conventional method. Research limitations/implications – This study tested the method only to a limited extent. It is necessary to gain more understanding by applying the method in different organizations, and by using longer time periods. Practical implications – Current productivity measures of public services have been criticized for providing information that lacks managerial relevance. The method described in this study aims to improve relevance in two ways. It enables the gathering of more detailed measurement information from the operative levels of large organizations. In addition, it facilitates the use of different measurement methods in different service providing departments and units. Originality/value – Many of the existing studies examine productivity measurement at the macro-level. This study presents a measurement method that is a step forward in developing more sophisticated measurement systems in public organizations. The study also describes and highlights the role of component productivity measurement at the operative level. Keywords Bottom up decision making, Finland, Organizational performance, Performance measures, Public sector organizations www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17410401111111989 Abstract Purpose – An underlying principle of supply chain management is to establish control of the end-to-end process in order to create a seamless flow of goods. The basic idea is that variability is detrimental to performance as it causes cost in the form of stockouts, poor capacity utilisation, and costly buffers. This paper questions this approach and argues that in the light of increasing turbulence a different approach to supply chain management is needed. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reports on the authors’ work on a Supply Chain Volatility Index and shows how current supply chain practices may no longer fit the context most businesses now operate in – primarily because these practices were developed under assumptions of stability that no longer hold true. The paper illustrates the findings with case study evidence of firms that have had to adjust to various aspects of turbulence. Findings – The paper is able to show that most current supply chain management models emanate from a period of relative stability, and second, that there is considerable evidence that we will experience increasing turbulence in the future. This calls into question whether current supply chain models that feature some dynamic flexibility, yet are built on the general premise of control, will be suitable to meet the challenge of increased turbulence. Practical implications – It is argued that what is needed to master the era of turbulence is structural flexibility which builds flexible options into the design of supply chains. This marks a major departure from current thinking and will require revisiting the management accounting procedures that are used to evaluate different supply chain decisions. The paper presents guidelines on how to manage supply chains in the age of turbulence: by embracing volatility as an opportunity rather than viewing it as a risk, by understanding its nature and impact, and finally by shifting the exposure to risk by building hedges into the supply chain design. Originality/value – The paper questions the fundamental premise upon which current supply chain models are built and proposes an alternative approach to build structural flexibility into supply chain decision making, which would create the level of adaptability needed to remain competitive in the face of turbulence. Keywords Volatility, Adaptability, Supply chain management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09600031111101439 IJPDLM IJPPM Volume 41 Number 1, 2011, pp. 63-82 Editors: Alexander E. Ellinger and R. Glenn Richey Jr Volume 60 Number 3, 2011, pp. 252-67 Editors: Thomas F. Burgress and John Heap 47 International Journal of International Journal of Public Sector Management Retail & Distribution Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Public sector reform in Kazakhstan: issues and perspectives Influence of social norms, perceived playfulness and online shopping anxiety on customers’ adoption of online retail shopping: an empirical study in the Turkish context Shahjahan H. Bhuiyan Francis Amagoh Hakan Çelik Department of Public Administration, Kazakhstan Institute of Management, Economics and Strategic Research (KIMEP), Almaty, Kazakhstan Department of Business Administration, Bilecik University, Bilecik, Turkey Abstract Abstract Purpose – The previous studies examining the role of subjective norm (SN), online shopping anxiety (ANX) and perceived playfulness (PPL) in predicting the consumer’s adoption of online shopping yielded fragmented and inconsistent findings. Also, a high proportion of these findings assessing the regarded behaviour of consumers in the West cannot be directly applied to a cross-cultural context. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between these variables and the variables of technology acceptance model (TAM) associated with customer’s online shopping intentions in an international environment. Design/methodology/approach – The research model reflecting the effects of SN, ANX and PPL on TAM constructs has been proposed. In total, 278 cases were gathered from online shoppers through a web-based survey. Structural equation modelling was used to evaluate the proposed research model in terms of path significance, overall model fit and explanatory power. Findings – It was found that PPL had positive direct effects on both perceived ease of use of online shopping (PEOU) and behavioural intentions to shop online (BI). Nevertheless, SN and ANX appeared to exert significant positive and negative influences respectfully on only PEOU. Research limitations/implications – The study findings were obtained from the single snapshot research, and the small dataset covering only actual online shoppers. Therefore, the future research should carry a longitudinal nature to show the temporal change effects and remedy the possibility of self-selection bias with a broader research sample. Originality/value – The paper provides additional insights for retailers and researchers into the effects of SN, ANX and PPL on online shopping intentions of Turkish consumers, which could be used in formulating online marketing strategies and considering future research directions. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Electronic commerce, Internet shopping, Turkey www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09590551111137967 Purpose – This paper aims to investigate public sector reform (PSR) initiatives in Kazakhstan, and how such reform efforts have helped the government to be more responsive to the needs and demands of the citizens. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examined four key PSR initiatives: decentralization, Civil Service reform, e-governance, and civil society in improving governance in postSoviet Kazakhstan. Findings – In light of Kazakhstan government’s efforts to reform the public sector, the study finds that substantial progress has been made in improving its service delivery systems and enhancing good governance. Research limitations/implications – The study is an investigation of four out of several PSR initiatives aimed at improving good governance. Originality/value – The study provides insights into how aspects of PSR can be fundamentally useful in promoting good governance. Keywords Governance, Kazakhstan, Public sector organizations, Public sector reform www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09513551111121356 IJPSM IJRDM Volume 24 Number 3, 2011, pp. 227-49 Editor: Joyce Liddle Volume 39 Number 6, 2011, pp. 390-413 Editor: Neil Towers 48 International Journal of International Journal of Social Economics Sociology and Social Policy Outstanding Paper Re-visiting the barriers to participation in mutual aid Outstanding Paper Richard James White Faculty of Development and Society, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK GNP and beyond: searching for new development indicators – a view in retrospect Abstract Udo E. Simonis Purpose – Much of the contemporary literature surrounding the barriers to community self-help in the advanced economies has placed great emphasis on capital-orientated barriers, such as a household’s access to financial capital, time capital, human capital and social capital. Focusing explicitly on one-to-one mutual aid, and drawing on rich qualitative data from two urban communities in the UK, this paper aims to re-visit the barriers to participation that prevent households from doing more for others in their community. In particular, the paper explores a range of entrenched social taboos that underpin the contested spaces of mutual aid. These include: ‘‘being aburden to others’’, ‘‘false expectations/ inappropriate gestures’’, ‘‘being taken advantage of’’ and ‘‘being unable to say no’’. Furthermore, the paper also addresses the potentially problematic implications that the nature of work undertaken through mutual aid has for the social relationships that are involved. Despite finding previous UK-based research findings focused on capital barriers to be highly appropriate when considering mutual aid, the paper argues that the current emphasis placed on these barriers in policy and practice is disproportionate. To address this imbalance, the paper concludes that a greater awareness of socially-orientated barriers must be forthcoming if a more nuanced and accurate reading of mutual aid is to be achieved. Design/methodology/approach – The research that is used to inform the findings of the paper is drawn from 100 in-depth semi-structured questionnaires conducted within households in the urban wards of West Knighton and Saffron in the city of Leicester, UK. The methods are designed to generate both quantitative and qualitative findings that engage explicitly with the informal work practices of households. Findings – The paper explores a range of entrenched social taboos that underpin the contested spaces of mutual. These include: ‘‘being a burden to others’’, ‘‘false expectations/inappropriate gestures’’, ‘‘being taken advantage of’’ and ‘‘being unable to say no’’. The main conclusions argue that both social barriers and capital-based barriers to participation in mutual aid must be given more equal consideration in future academic and policy-making discourse. Research limitations/implications – The qualitative nature of the research makes it difficult to meaningfully extrapolate the findings beyond the case studies used. Practical implications – The research focused on the informal coping strategy of mutual aid offers a deeper insight into this coping strategy. In exploring the various capital and social barriers to participation, the findings offer ways for popular, academic and political communities to reflect on their own approaches to informal volunteerism, and if appropriate these can inform future approaches tasked with tackling these barriers and harnessing mutual aid in society. Social implications – In discussing the barriers to participation, the paper gives new insight into the contested geographies of mutual aid at the household and community level. To successfully overcome these barriers and further promote mutualism and community self-help is seen to be both desirable and necessary particularly following the formal economic crisis that has raised serious questions for the economy and society in recent years. Originality/value – The research not only adds robustness to previous emerging findings related to the resource-based barriers to participation in mutual aid, but it also constructively asserts the relevance and centrality of social taboos. The paper argues that these social taboos must form a core point of analyses whenever barriers to greater levels of participation in mutual aid are discussed. Keywords Barriers, Communities, Community self-help, Economics, Heterodox economics, Mutual aid, Social taboos, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01443331111149842 Social Science Research Centre, Berlin, Germany Abstract Purpose – World wide, the gross national product (GNP) has been and still is the basic accounting concept and the dominant societal goal and performance indicator. As the concept is full of flaws and deficiencies, national and international committees are searching for alternatives. A view in retrospect may help in this search. The purpose of this paper is to present such a view in retrospect, by looking at the early attempts made to get out of the impasse and to break the deadlock of outmoded concepts. Design/methodology/approach – This paper deliberately looks at the early attempts made to get out of the impasse of the flawed GNP concept, and to improve and extend traditional accounting. Several of these early attempts are presented in some detail. Findings – Both the ‘‘Growth and Distribution Index’’ and the ‘‘Net National Welfare Index’’ were useful conceptual innovations. Over time, however, they got lost or were forgotten. The time has come to reactivate such initiatives or to start and implement similar ones. Practical implications – The traditional GNP concept neglects significant distributive and environmental effects of economic growth. The time has come to either supplement or replace the concept – to go beyond GNP. Originality/value – The conceptual deficiencies of the traditional GNP concept are on the agenda again. A view in retrospect – as presented in this paper – could help, so that in due course a breakthrough becomes possible in the search for new development indicators. Keywords Accounting, Gross national product, Growth and distribution index (GDI), Net national welfare (NNW), New development indicators www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03068291111176310 IJSE IJSSP Volume 38 Number 12, 2011, pp. 953-61 Editors: James Connelly and Colin Tyler Volume 31 Number 7/8, 2011, pp. 392-410 Editor: Colin C. Williams 49 International Journal of International Journal of Structural Integrity Sustainability in Higher Education Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Laser cladding as a potential repair technology for damaged aircraft components Sustainability transdisciplinary education model: interface of arts, science, and community (STEM) Qianchu Liu Air Vehicles Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Melbourne, Australia Barbara Clark Madabhushi Janardhana Teacher Education, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, Connecticut, USA Charles Button Aircraft Structural Integrity Section, Directorate General Technical Airworthiness, Laverton, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the components of a sustainability transdisciplinary education model (STEM), a contemporary approach linking art, science, and community, that were developed to provide university and K-12 students, and society at large shared learning opportunities. The goals and application of the STEM curriculum will be discussed. Design/methodology/approach – The STEM integrates the sciences, arts and aesthetics, and the university with the greater New Britain community, and beyond. Academic areas included geography, environmental science, communication, art history, aesthetics, and teacher education. The transdisciplinary methodology was integrated in a learner-centered design. To achieve a cycle of community engagement regarding sustainability, university students were placed within the greater New Britain community. This included interaction with K-12 urban public schools, the New Britain Museum of American Art (NBMAA), numerous nongovernmental organizations, state and federal governmental elected officials, and the general public. Findings – As a result of the mutual learning implicit in the STEM, all participants expanded each other’s understandings of sustainability. Students were learning from instructors, instructors were learning from students, students were learning from students, instructors were learning from instructors, and all were learning and sharing knowledge with the greater community. As a result, all participants gained a deeper and broader understanding about human-environment relationships and how humans impact natural resources. Practical implications – Because the assignments given to the university students were authentic performance tasks embedded in sustainability issues, students developed a broader disposition for thinking and learning and therefore become metacognitive. The STEM emphasized aesthetic education, integrating science and the arts. As a result, the participants developed their ability to connect academic domains of knowledge and creatively address sustainability challenges. Originality/value – The convergence of science, art, and aesthetics enabled the participants to develop a deeper spiritual awareness and understanding of eco-justice for the promotion of a sustainable society. The STEM utilized cultural resources of the university and New Britain community (i.e. institutional members of the NBMAA and The Central Connecticut State University). Students were introduced to the concept of mutual learning with all the communities and organizations involved. Keywords Arts, Communities, Sciences, Sustainable development www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14676371111098294 Bruce Hinton Department of Materials Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Australia Milan Brandt School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne Australia and Defence Materials Technology Centre, Melbourne, Australia Khan Sharp Air Vehicles Division, Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the preliminary work on using laser cladding technology for the restoration of structural integrity. Design/methodology/approach – The primary methodology used in this research is to develop a laser cladding-based metal deposition technique to articulate restoration of structural geometry affected by corrosion damages. Following from this method, it is planned to undertake further work to use the laser cladding process to restore geometry and the associated static/fatigue strength. Findings – This work has found that it is possible to use laser cladding as a repair technology to improve structural integrity in aluminium alloy aircraft structures in terms of corrosion reduction and geometrical restoration. Initial results have indicated a reduction of static and fatigue resistance with respect to substrate. But more recent works (yet to be published) have revealed improved fatigue strength as measured in comparison to the substrate structural properties. Originality/value – The research is based on an acceptable materials processing technique. Keywords Aircraft components, Alloys, Aluminium alloys, Certification, Laser cladding, Powder, Surface treatment www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17579861111162914 IJSI IJSHE Volume 2 Number 3, 2011, pp. 314-31 Editor: Chris Rodopoulos Volume 12 Number 1, 2011, pp. 41-54 Editor: Walter Leal Filho 50 International Journal of International Journal of Web Information Systems Wine Business Research Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper An experimental system for measuring the credibility of news content in Twitter Luxury wine brand visibility in social media: an exploratory study Hend S. Al-Khalifa Mignon Reyneke Information Technology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Division of Industrial Marketing, eCommerce and Logistics, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden Rasha M. Al-Eidan Leyland Pitt Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada and Leeds University Business School, Leeds, UK Pierre R. Berthon Abstract McCallum Graduate School of Business, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Purpose – Owing to the large amount of information available on Twitter (a micro blogging service) that is not necessarily true or believable, credibility of news published in such an electronic channel has become an important area for investigation in the field of web credibility. This paper aims to address this issue. Design/methodology/approach – A system was developed to measure the credibility of news content published in Twitter. The system uses two approaches to assign credibility levels (low, high and average) to each tweet. The first approach is based on the similarity between Twitter posts (tweets) and authentic (i.e. verified) news sources. The second approach is based on the similarity with verified news sources in addition to a set of proposed features. Findings – The evaluations of the two approaches showed that assigning credibility levels to Twitter tweets for the first approach has a higher precision and recall. Additional experiments showed that the linking feature has its impact on the second approach results. Research limitations/implications – The proposed system is experimental; thus further experiments are needed to prove these findings. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the research on web credibility. It is believed to be the first which provides a proposed system to evaluate the credibility of Twitter news content automatically. Keywords Arabic language, Blogs, Communication, Credibility, Information media, Natural language processing, Trust, Twitter, Web content www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17440081111141772 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the visibility of luxury wine brands, in particular the Bordeaux first growth brands in social media. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses data from howsociable.com to portray similar luxury wine brands in multidimensional space. To identify the associations between the brands and the social media visibility indicators, the paper uses correspondence analysis. Findings – The findings of the paper show that some of the brands considered did not, at the time the data were gathered, have a clearly defined social media strategy. Practical implications – The indication is that there are opportunities for luxury wine brand managers to use social media as a tool in their marketing strategies; also some threats may exist to these brands should they take a laissez faire approach to social media, particularly when social media are becoming as influential, if not more so than conventional media. Originality/value – Brands can take directions in social media today that would have been unlikely if not impossible five years ago. While brand managers may not fully be able to control the destinies of these brands, this paper suggests that the approaches followed in this particular research will present brand managers with a tool that will assist them in directing conversations that occur around their brands. Keywords Brand management, Social networking sites, Wines www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17511061111121380 IJWIS IJWBR Volume 7 Number 2, 2011, pp. 130-51 Editors: Ismail Khalil and David Taniar Volume 23 Number 1, 2011, pp. 21-35 Editor: Ulrich R. Orth 51 International Marketing Review International Journal of Workplace Health Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Effects of environmentally-focused interventions on health risks and absenteeism The role of context in assessing international marketing opportunities Mary L. Marzec Susan P. Douglas Health Management Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA C. Samuel Craig Thomas Golaszewski Stern School of Business, New York University, New York, New York, USA Department of Health Science, State University of New York at Brockport, Brockport, New York, USA Abstract Purpose – The choice of which country or countries to enter is a critical decision and needs to be made with considerable care and deliberation. Initial market entry decisions have typically focused on country evaluations based on macro-economic data. While appropriate in providing an initial screening of countries, other factors, notably contextual factors, can provide important insights in assessing international market opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of context at four distinct levels. Design/methodology/approach – The literature on the influence of context on consumption and purchase behavior is reviewed to provide a framework to understand contextual factors as a means to refine entry strategy and develop effective segmentation strategies. Findings – A wide range of contextual factors exert influence on consumption choices and contribute to within-country heterogeneity. These are typically examined at the macro-level, but also need to be examined at the meso-level, micro-level and situational level to fully assess market opportunities and establish viable market segments. Practical implications – Examination of contextual factors provides a richer and deeper understanding of which international markets to enter and which segments to target. Within-country cultural diversity, dramatic economic and regional disparities and marked differences in the infrastructure need to be assessed. In particular, examination of contextual factors helps to shed light on heterogeneity within countries not only in customer behavior, but also in the nature of the market infrastructure. This is a key element, not only in formulating entry and segmentation strategies, but also in implementing those strategies. Originality/value – The effect of context has received little attention to date. The current paper highlights the importance of considering contextual factors and their impact on consumption behavior – an issue which has largely been ignored in previous research. Keywords Consumer behaviour, Consumption, International business, Market entry, Market segmentation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02651331111122641 Shirley Musich Ingenix, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Patricia E. Powers Powers & Associates, Carmichael, California, USA Sandra Shewry Center for Connected Health Policy, Sacramento, California, USA Dee W. Edington Health Management Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine results of an environmental approach to improving employee health status in a government employer setting. Design/methodology/approach – This is an observational study of one worksite and its employees from 2005 to 2007. Environmental interventions were part of the worksite environment, accessible, and applicable to employees regardless of health status. Outcomes were: change in the worksite environment using the Heart Check assessment, change in employee health risks using health risk appraisals (HRAs) and change in hours of sick time. The eligible population included active employees from 2005 to 2007 (n = 2,276). Findings – The Heart Check score increased by 26 percentage points. Despite aging of HRA participants, results showed maintenance of risk status with a non-significant increase in percent at low risk (51.6 percent to 53.1 percent). Percent at high risk had a non-significant decrease (21.1 percent to 20.2 percent). The three-month average for hours of sick time decreased from 12.7 to 11.6 hours (p = 0.03) for the larger eligible population. Originality/value – This paper offers qualitative information for others seeking to implement population-based health promotion interventions. This particular setting presented challenges related to union and nonunion regulations, sub-contractors, and multiple administrative levels. Quantitatively, change of health risks and absenteeism serves as a reference to others engaging in workplace health promotion. Keywords Culture of health, Employee health, Employees, Health, Health promotion, Health risks, Workplace, Worksite, Worksite culture www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538351111172572 IJWHM IMR Volume 4 Number 3, 2011, pp. 200-15 Editor: Lydia Makrides Volume 28 Number 2, 2011, pp. 150-62 Editors: Jeryl M. Whitelock and John W. Cadogan 52 Internet Research Journal of Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Understanding online community user participation: a social influence perspective Reforms and accounting system changes: a study on the implementation of accrual accounting in Norwegian hospitals Accounting & Organizational Change Tao Zhou School of Management, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, China Inger Johanne Pettersen Abstract Trondheim Business School, Trondheim, Norway Kari Nyland Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants of online community user participation from a social influence perspective. Design/methodology/approach – Based on 450 valid responses collected from a survey questionnaire, structural equation modeling (SEM) technology was employed to examine the research model. Findings – The results show that both social identity and group norm have significant effects on user participation. In addition, group norm affects social identity. It was not possible to find the effect of subjective norm on participation intention. Research limitations/implications – This research is limited to a particular sample: students. Thus the results need to be generalized to other samples, such as working professionals. Originality/value – Extant research has mainly focused on the effects of user motivations such as perceived usefulness, trust and commitment on online community user behavior, and seldom considered the effects of social processes including compliance, identification and internalization on user behavior. This research tries to fill the gap. Keywords Communication technologies, Influence, Social norms www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10662241111104884 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the process of the accounting system change as a part of a larger reform initiative taking place in Norway. The research context is the national network of hospital enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses an archivalbased case approach of official documents (between 2000 and 2009) to study the formal layers of accounting practices. Findings – The accrual accounting information signalled major management control problems, but the hospital owner, the state, did not take action to solve these problems during this period. The contracts between the state and hospital enterprises were characterised as principal-agent relationships. However, different accounting techniques were mixed in the contracts between the parties, indicating hybridisation of accounting systems. Research limitations/implications – The authors did not study the perceptions and practices of key actors and this is a limitation of the study. Practical implications – The findings are likely to be useful for practitioners and researchers to gain knowledge on the implementation of management reforms in public sector service organisations. Originality/value – This paper contributes to our understanding of the diverse processes within which public sector reforms are taking place. The main contribution is a discussion of the diversity in accounting system changes. Keywords Accounting system changes, Hospital enterprises, Norway, Public sector, Public sector accounting www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/18325911111164196 INTR JAOC Volume 21 Number 1, 2011, pp. 67-81 Editor: Jim Jansen Volume 7 Number 3, 2011, pp. 237-58 Editor: Zahirul Hoque 53 Journal of Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies Advances in Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Factors associated with convergence of internal auditing practices: emerging vs developed countries A case study on redesign of supply chain network of a manufacturing organization Navin K. Dev Gerrit Sarens Rahul Caprihan Louvain School of Management, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium Sanjeev Swami Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, India Mohammad J. Abdolmohammadi Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the case of a manufacturing firm situated in an industrial city of India, focusing on supply chain management issues of the concerned organization from two operational perspectives: supply side (or the procurement side) and the distribution side of the system. Design/methodology/approach – The authors first considered the outsourcing decision-making problem in a static environment using analytical expression by means of a variable fraction of demand. Next, the authors extended the scope of this problem by considering outsourcing decisions in a dynamic environment, using the sequential decision-making approach with various operational and inventory factors. Finally, the authors carried out the study of the distribution side of the supply chain of industry using discrete event simulation. Findings – It was observed that, in the case study organization, because of the rather unstructured approach in dealing with the outsourcing perspective, the authors suggested the adoption of a more scientific approach in computation of fraction of demand to be outsourced. Further, since the distribution network typically experienced high inventory levels throughout the supply chain, it was decided upfront to optimize this performance measure. Originality/value – The primary objectives of this exercise are to: address the operational concerns of a real-life manufacturing environment; apply the theoretical models in a realistic environment, and compare the results of theory with practice; and provide actionable managerial recommendations. Keywords Discrete event simulation, India, Information sharing, Manufacturing industries, Outsourcing, Sequential decision making, Supply chain management, Taguchi experimental design www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09727981111175948 Abstract Purpose – The aim of this paper is to investigate a number of factors that are theoretically associated with convergence toward best practices in internal auditing. Design/methodology/approach – The paper defines best practices as internal audit tools and techniques that are used by at least 67 percent of the internal audit functions (IAFs) in the USA. A sample of 26 countries and data from 1,708 IAFs were used in this study. Findings – The paper finds evidence of a high degree of de facto convergence of internal auditing practices toward US best practices. It also finds that IAFs in emerging countries converge more rapidly to best practices than IAFs in developed countries. Finally, the use of the Institute of Internal Auditors’ (IIA) Standards and an external quality assessment in the past three years are found to be positively and significantly associated with convergence toward US best practices. Research limitations/implications – The most important limitation of the data used in the study is that they reflect respondents’ perceptions, which may deviate from reality. Also, data were only available for one-half of the emerging countries listed in the MSCI Global Standards Index. Limitations aside, this study has significant implications for future research investigating various factors associated with emerging countries rapidly converging toward US best practices. Practical implications – The results support the IIA’s efforts to unify internal auditing practices around the world via its Standards. However, the additional analysis shows that the impact of the Standards is rather limited. The results also imply that formal assessment of internal auditing practices results in a more substantial change in the adoption of best practices. Originality/value – The convergence of internal auditing is a part of the convergence of corporate governance practices which has become a topic of interest in academic research. While internal auditing has developed over a relatively long period of time in developed countries, such development must take place over a shorter period of time in emerging countries to catch up with developed countries. The current study’s findings indicate that convergence of internal auditing practice is not context-free. Keywords Best practice, Developing countries, Internal auditing, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20421161111138486 JAMR JAEE Volume 8 Number 2, 2011, pp. 195-212 Editors: Professor Surendra S. Yadav and Professor Ravi Shankar Volume 1 Number 2, 2011, pp. 104-22 Editors: Mathew Tsamenyi and Shahzad Uddin 54 Journal of Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research Applied Accounting Research Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Do the victims of school bullies tend to become depressed later in life? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies Opening the ‘‘black box’’: how internal reporting systems contribute to the quality of financial disclosure Maria M. Ttofi Florence Cavélius David P. Farrington ESSEC Business School, Cergy, France Friedrich Lösel Abstract Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK Purpose – Institutional investors use the information disclosed by listed companies to analyze the performance of their investments. The purpose of this paper is to open the ‘‘black box’’ of the construction of financial disclosure by analyzing the internal reporting systems of firms with reference to the information disclosed. Design/methodology/approach – Using indexes, the quality of the financial disclosure and the internal reporting systems are measured, and analyzed with a view to finding some links between them. It is expected that the quality of disclosure is dependent on the quality of the internal reporting. Findings – Complex interactions between internal reporting and financial disclosure are revealed, which leads to the identification of a typology of practices. The dependence of the relationship may be troubled by the willingness of the firm to communicate, or by the internal methods of control. According to the various cases, different levels of usefulness of the information for the investor are expected. Originality/value – This paper is a first attempt to analyse information disclosed by firms with regards to the internal information at their disposal. Keywords Financial reporting, Disclosure, Financial communication, Quality of information, Public and private disclosure, Indexes www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09675421111187665 Rolf Loeber Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which bullying victimization in school predicts depression in later life and whether this relation holds after controlling for other major childhood risk factors. Design/methodology/approach – As no previous systematic review has been conducted on this topic, effect sizes are based on both published and unpublished studies: longitudinal investigators of 28 studies have conducted specific analyses for the authors’ review. Findings – The probability of being depressed up to 36 years later (mean follow-up period of 6.9 years) was much higher for children who were bullied at school than for non-involved students (odds ratio (OR) = 1.99; 95 per cent CI: 1.71-2.32). Bullying victimization was a significant risk factor for later depression even after controlling for up to 20 (mean number of six covariates) major childhood risk factors (OR = 1.74; 95 per cent CI: 1.54-1.97). Effect sizes were smaller when the follow-up period was longer and larger the younger the child was when exposed to bullying. Finally, the summary effect size was not significantly related to the number of risk factors controlled for. Originality/value – Although causal inferences are tentative, the overall results presented in this paper indicate that bullying victimization is a major childhood risk factor that uniquely contributes to later depression. High quality effective anti-bullying programmes could be viewed as an early form of public health promotion. Keywords Adults, Bullying, Depression, Schools www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17596591111132873 JACPR JAAR Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 63-73 Editors: Michelle Davies, Professor Jane Ireland, Graham-Kevan and Doug Fry Volume 12 Number 3, 2011, pp. 187-211 Editor: Kumba Jallow 55 Journal of Journal of Assistive Technologies Business & Industrial Marketing Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper EU deregulation and dealer-supplier relations in automotive distribution Short-term outcomes of communication aid provision Allard C.R. van Riel Institute for Management Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Michael Clarke Veronica Liljander Caroline Newton Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland Jasmine Cherguit Janjaap Semeijn Chris Donlan Faculty of Management Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, The Netherlands Developmental Psychology in the Developmental Science Research Department, Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK Pia Polsa Hanken School of Economics, Helsinki, Finland Jannet A. Wright Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK Abstract Purpose – The automotive industry in the European Union (EU) faces a sharply reduced regulatory environment, with Block Exemption (1400/ 2002). Economists have predicted fundamental changes in the market as a result of the modified Block Exemption. In this article, the aim is to investigate how the relationship between a car dealer and its main supplier (i.e. an OEM or its national representative), affects how the dealer perceives threats and opportunities in this more competitive environment. Design/methodology/approach – Based on relationship marketing theory, propositions about antecedents and consequences of commitment to a supplier are formulated for the changing automotive market. Data were collected from 413 car dealerships in Belgium, The Netherlands and Finland, countries without domestic automobile brands. Findings – Commitment to the main supplier is mainly driven by satisfaction and trust. The more car dealers are committed to their main supplier, the lower the threat they perceive from new intermediaries, and the lower their intention to expand their business beyond the current relationship. Commitment to their main suppliers also reinforces their confidence in the future. This confidence in the future spurs dealers’ expansion plans within their current relationship. Research limitations/implications – Longitudinal research would allow better inferences about market evolution and causal sequences. Practical implications – Satisfied and committed dealers seem reluctant to make radical changes in their relationships and marketing strategy, apparently being entrenched in traditional channel structures. The modified Block Exemption could increase the average size of dealerships, improve the competitive position of large dealers, accelerate consolidation in the automotive distribution sector, and decrease competition between traditional dealerships. Opportunities have been created by the modified Block Exemption for new entrants to capitalize on new market niches and customer categories. Multi-brand dealers could use these opportunities to create a purchasing experience that differentiates them from the traditional dealers. Originality/value – Contributing to scarce research on complex channel relationships within a captive distribution structure, this is the first empirical study of the European car industry in the context of the modified Block Exemption. It is also one of the few studies that takes the perspective of the dealership. Keywords Automotive industry, Europe, Regulation, Relationship marketing, Supplier relations www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/08858621111112294 Abstract Purpose – The aim of this study is to explore short-term outcomes of communication aid provision from the perspective of children with complex communication needs. Design/methodology/approach – A total of ten children were interviewed at two time points. The first interviews took place before or within two weeks of the arrival of a new communication aid. A second follow-up interview was carried out between six and ten weeks later. Initial interviews explored children’s views concerning their ability to engage in school activities that they deemed important but difficult to achieve. First interviews also examined children’s self-perceptions related to their self-efficacy and selfesteem, and perceptions of others’ attitudes towards themselves. Children’s views concerning the likely impact of the new communication aid on taking part in activities and their self-concepts were also explored. The follow-up interviews asked children to reflect on the short-term impact of the new communication aid. Findings – Children reported expected and unexpected positive changes at follow-up. Notably, unanticipated and undesirable changes were also reported. Originality/value – The paper addresses the critical issue of early outcomes following communication aid provision from the viewpoint of children themselves. Keywords Augmentative and alternative communication, Children (age groups), Outcomes, Interviews, Views www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17549451111190597 JAT JBIM Volume 5 Number 4, 2011, pp. 169-80 Editor: Chris Abbott Volume 26 Number 2, 2011, pp. 115-31 Editor: Wesley J. Johnston 56 Journal of Journal of Children’s Services Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The age of criminal responsibility: developmental science and human rights perspectives Growth and environmental pollution: empirical evidence from China George E. Halkos Elly Farmer Operations Research Laboratory and Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece National Clinical Assessment & Treatment Service (NSPCC), London, UK Nickolaos G. Tzeremes Department of Economics, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece Abstract Purpose – The minimum age of criminal responsibility (MACR) was set at ten years old in 1963. Since then a deeper appreciation of children’s rights and understanding of their unique capabilities and experiences has been gained. This paper seeks to examine the implications of these developments for our understanding of this MACR. Design/methodology/approach – Research is reviewed that illuminates questions about children’s culpability, their competence to participate in the criminal justice system (CJS) and the consequences of criminalising them at a young age. Recent understandings of how children’s rights apply to the MACR are also summarised. Findings – Developmental science and human rights perspectives are inconsistent with a MACR no younger than 12 years. Originality/value – The paper is one of the first to extensively apply developmental science research to the MACR. The author finds that although a just and rehabilitative CJS may be achievable in the case of most adolescent defendants, this is an unrealistic goal for younger children who instead require a welfare-based system that addresses underlying causes of antisocial behaviour, facilitates accountability and ensures child protection. Keywords Criminal justice, Human rights, Youth www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17466661111149385 Abstract Purpose – The rapid economic growth of China has attracted the attention of economists, researchers and politicians. China is one of the largest economies in the world, with its gross domestic product (GDP) rising on an average above 9 percent. This economic growth is considered responsible for environmental degradation, which appears to be the most significant problem that economic growth causes. The purpose of this paper is to explore China’s carbon emissions during 1960-2006, focusing on the role of growth, trade and the value added by various sectors. Design/methodology/approach – Using time series data, this paper investigates China’s carbon emissions during 1960-2006, with particular focus on the direct role of growth and in connection to trade and the value added by various sectors such as agriculture, industry and services. Findings – The authors’ empirical results indicate the presence of an inverted U-shaped curve between CO2 emissions and growth represented by the GDP per capita. Trade seems to be an important determinant in this relationship. Practical implications – Such empirical findings provide evidence for policy implications regarding the role of growth, trade and the value added by the various sectors of the economy on environmental degradation. Originality/value – This study is the first effort to explore the associated implications of growth, trade and the effect of the various sectors’ value added on environmental damage in an environmental Kuznets curve framework. Keywords China, CO2 emissions, Economic growth, Environmental Kuznets curve, Pollution, Trade www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17544401111178195 JCEFTS JCS Volume 4 Number 3, 2011, pp. 144-57 Editors: Guijun Lin, Zhongxiu Zhao, Chengqi Wang and John Gong Volume 6 Number 2, 2011, pp. 86-95 Editors: Nick Axford and Michael Little 57 Journal of Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship Chinese Human Resource Management Outstanding Paper Chinese entrepreneurs: motivations, success factors, problems, and business-related stress Outstanding Paper Hung M. Chu Business ethics and workplace guanxi in Chinese SOEs: a qualitative study Department of Management, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA Jessica Li Orhan Kara Department of Education Policy, Organization and Leadership, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA Economics and Finance Department, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA Jean Madsen Xiaowei Zhu Department of Educational Administration and Human Resource Development, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Department of Management, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA Kubilay Gok Abstract Faculty of Management, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine Chinese employees’ perceptions on their ethical decision making in relation to the workplace guanxi context in state-owned enterprises (SOE). Design/methodology/approach – Using a qualitative method, two rounds of interviews were conducted with 18 participants in two SOEs ‘‘to explore Chinese employees’’ ethical perceptions and experiences in the workplace. A qualitative thematic strategy was adopted to analyze and interpret the data. Findings – The authors identified three major themes on SOE employees ethical decision making in relation to workplace guanxi: the ethical self; malleable ethical standards; and submission to authority. The authors derived a conceptual framework to outline the relationship between the invisible hand of guanxi and the SOE employees’ ethical decision making. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the business ethics literature by presenting a three-dimensional profile and a conceptual framework for Chinese business ethics research. It provides an indepth understanding of a complex dynamics of guanxi and its impact on employees’ ethical decision-making behavior. Keywords Business ethics, China, Decision making, Employee attitudes, Employee behaviour, guanxi, SOE employees, SOE organizations, State-owned enterprises www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20408001111179140 Abstract Purpose – This article aims to investigate motivations, success factors, problems, and business-related stress of entrepreneurs in small- and medium-sized enterprises and relates them to the success of the Chinese entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 196 entrepreneurs in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou were randomly selected for a survey, which was analyzed to determine motivations, success factors, problems, and business-related stress by gender. Ordered logit models were applied to motivation and success factors. Findings – Results showed that 68 percent were male and 32 percent female. The average age of the entrepreneurs was about 32 years old and time devoted to their business was almost 45 hours per week. Of the total respondents, 56 percent were married and 44 percent single. When asked to indicate their motives for business ownership, these entrepreneurs suggested that increasing income, becoming their own boss, and to prove that they can succeed were the most important reasons. Reputation for honesty, providing good customer services, and having good management skills were reported to be necessary conditions for business success. Friendliness to customers and hard work were also critical for high-performance enterprises. Among the problems encountered by entrepreneurs, unreliable/undependable employees were the most critical. Intense competition and lack of management training also proved to be great challenges for Chinese entrepreneurs. Practical implications – Policy makers can strengthen its small business entrepreneurs by promoting the factors that lead to entrepreneurs’ success, such as the ability to manage personnel and management skills through business outreach services provided by universities, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations. In addition, the government has the ability to simplify the tax system, and reduce payroll taxes. Technical assistance in areas such as market research, human resources management, and technological support should be provided to small business owners. Originality/value – This study applied to Chinese entrepreneurs in addition to an extensive analysis of the factors that affect motivations, success, problems, and business stress. Keywords Entrepreneurs, Small enterprises, Motivation (psychology), Business development, Stress, China www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17561391111144546 JCE JCHRM Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 84-111 Editor: Jun Li Volume 2 Number 2, 2011, pp. 83-99 Editor: Greg Wang 58 Journal of Journal of Communication Management Consumer Marketing Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A history of Republican public relations in Northern Ireland from ‘‘Bloody Sunday’’ to the ‘‘Good Friday Agreement’’ The grey awakening: a South African perspective Justin Beneke Ian Somerville Nicole Frey Andy Purcell Ruth Chapman School of Communication, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK Nontuthuzelo Mashaba Tatum Howie Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the public relations strategies of the IRA (Irish Republican Army) and their political wing Sinn Féin, throughout the historical period known as the Northern Ireland ‘‘Troubles’’. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses semi-structured Õlite interviews as its primary data. The study structures a historical account of the development of republican public relations around three main phases: the ‘‘propaganda of the deed’’ phase; the development of political public relations phase; and the peace process phase. Findings – Much previous research traces a common trajectory for terrorist organisations, where they begin with large-scale ‘‘propaganda of the deed’’ activities, and then move toward more typical PR activities when their ‘‘message’’ begins to be heard. The findings suggest that this is only partially true for the republican movement. Previous research also claims that peace settlements virtually never acknowledge the demands of terrorist groups. However, the findings indicate that the republican movement, via the use of skilful public relations techniques and disciplined internal organisational communication, pushed itself to the forefront and remained central in the efforts to develop a peace process. Research limitations/implications – The study draws on interview data with a small group (six) of republican strategists, all of whom where involved in some capacity in public relations activities. While it is not claimed that they represent the views of the whole republican movement on the issues discussed, they do arguably represent the views of a ‘‘dominant coalition’’. Future research could usefully investigate the public relations of power sharing since the Good Friday Agreement. Originality/value – Previous approaches to analysing the subject of public relations and terrorism have tended to regard it as an activity engaged in by psychopaths or criminals. This paper’s starting-point is to problematise this definition of ‘‘terrorism’’ and at the same time widen the application of the term to include State actors. In this regard, it is in opposition to much current Western media, governmental and academic usage of the term. This research also differs from most other studies of terrorism in the public relations literature, in that it uses élite interviews as its primary source of data. Keywords Agreements, History, Human rights, Northern Ireland, Peace, Political parties, Propaganda, Public relations, Terrorism www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13632541111150970 School of Management Studies, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa JCOM JCM Volume 15 Number 3, 2011, pp. 192-209 Editors: Magda Pieczka and Anne Gregory Volume 28 Number 2, 2011, pp. 114-24 Editor: Richard C. Leventhal Abstract Purpose – This article is the culmination of an exploratory study into the mature market (defined as over the age of 55) in South Africa. The article aims to focus on the mature market’s media consumption, perception of portrayal in the media, adoption of technology, and outlook on life – all of which influence their spending patterns in their twilight years. Design/methodology/approach – The study gained an international perspective of the mature market through the literature on the subject. Empirical analysis of the South African market was thereafter conducted through a lifestyle survey of 117 respondents living in metropolitan areas. The data were imported into – and analysed using – Statistica for descriptive and clustering purposes. Findings – The mature market is, unsurprisingly, most in favour of traditional media channels. To this end, television, radio, magazines and newspapers still remain an effective means to communicate with this market. Use of mobile phones and the internet was observed – although in a limited sense. A negative attitude towards advertising was observed on the whole, with individuals within this cohort feeling neglected in favour of younger consumers. The variables Age, Income, living standard measure (LSM) groupings and Internet usage, when utilised in conjunction, appear to be an effective differentiator of the mature market in South Africa. Three lifestyle clusters were discovered by the study, namely: Old optimists, Young up-beats, and Younger opinionists. Originality/value – It has been established that the mature market is a lucrative one for retailers. However, the majority of studies have been focused on developed nations such as the UK and the USA. This study brings about an emerging market perspective. Keywords Older consumers, Consumer behaviour, Perception, Communication management, Market segmentation, South Africa www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07363761111115953 59 Journal of Journal of Corporate Real Estate Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The impact of generational differences on the workplace Why development needs culture Francesco Bandarin Barry P. Haynes ADG/CLT, UNESCO, Paris, France Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK Jyoti Hosagrahar Sustainable Urbanism, Columbia University, New York, USA Abstract Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore workplace implications of the changing workforce demographic. Design/methodology/approach – The author identifies the different generations in today’s workforce. The workplace expectations of the different generations are explored. Findings – Corporate real estate (CRE) managers need to establish the different needs of the different generations. In addition, the CRE manager needs to create an environment that allows all generations to coexist in the same workplace. Practical implications – CRE managers can use the information to assist in alignment of their workplace to the different generational expectations of the workforce. Originality/value – The paper fills a void by evaluating office occupiers’ workplace preferences based on age. Keywords Age groups, Demographics, Employees, Real estate, Social stratification www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14630011111136812 Frances Sailer Albernaz Culture Sector, UNESCO, Paris, France Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to account for and to justify the UN’s recent appeal to ‘‘all Member States, intergovernmental bodies, organizations of the United Nations system and relevant non-governmental organizations [. . .] to ensure a more visible and effective integration and mainstreaming of culture in development policies and strategies at all levels’’. Design/methodology/approach – The paper delves into the history of ideas leading up to the UN’s belated recognition of culture’s influence (a full ten years into the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)). It shows how the postSecond World War intuitions embraced in UNESCO’s Constitution matured in the course of the nation-building and decolonization processes that have given way to today’s context of advanced globalization. Findings – Against that background, rising international awareness of the issues involved in the environment-development nexus conspired with growing concern for the safeguarding of world heritage and cultural diversity, finally culminating in the establishment of specific international standards that call for sustainable, integrated approaches to development. Originality/value – Drawing from UNESCO’s experience, the paper provides compelling evidence in support of the idea that culture, creative industries and cultural heritage contribute a great deal to development, in terms not only of quantitative economic growth (income, employment), but also of qualitative standards of equity and well-being. In light of such criteria, examples are offered and plans are laid out for concerted action in view of attaining the Millennium Development Goals in 2015 and of building on from there. Keywords Culture, Heritage, International cooperation, Sustainable development www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20441261111129906 JCRE JCHMSD Volume 13 Number 2, 2011, pp. 98-108 Editor: Clare Eriksson Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 15-25 Editors: Ana Pereira Roders and Ron van Oers 60 Journal of Journal of Documentation Economic Studies Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The modernity of classification The operational performance of UK airlines: 2002-2007 Jens-Erik Mai Faculty of Information, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada A. George Assaf Abstract Alexander Josiassen University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the modernity of current classification theory and work, and outline a foundation for moving classification toward a late-modern conception. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the conceptual foundation for current modern classification work, provides critical analysis of that approach, and outlines three conflicts with modernity that shape the path out of the consequences of modernity. Findings – The paper presents an understanding of classification that establishes classification on a late-modern epistemology, and it lays the contours of how to reclaim the intellectual core of classification theory and work. Originality/value – The paper establishes a foundation for rethinking classification work, outlines consequences of current mainstream work, and provides concept for developing late-modern classification theory and practice. Keywords Classification, Epistemology, Late-modernity, Modernity, Philosophical concepts www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00220411111145061 The Centre for Tourism and Services Research (CTSR), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure the efficiency of UK airlines in light of all the recent industry challenges. Design/methodology/approach – The study measured the technical efficiency of airlines through the innovative data envelopment analysis (DEA) bootstrap methodology. Findings – Results based on a sample of recent input/output data indicated that the efficiency of UK airlines has continuously declined since 2004 to reach a value of 73.39 per cent in 2007. Factors which were found to be significantly and positively related to technical efficiency variations include airline size and load factor. The paper also highlights that factors such as increase in oil price and fierce market competition were also potential inefficiency determinants. Practical implications – The findings of this paper provide a fresh link between airline performance and the current industry characteristics. UK airlines also have a major role in the European and international aviation sector, and thus a reflection on their efficiency could be of interest to private and public policy makers. Originality/value – The paper focuses on a recent period and thus provide a fresh efficiency assessment of the airline industry. The study also extends the limited literature available on UK airlines. Keywords Airlines, Data analysis, Performance management, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01443581111096114 JD JES Volume 67 Number 4, 2011, pp. 710-30 Editor: David Bawden Volume 38 Number 1, 2011, pp. 5-16 Editor: Mohsen Bahmani-Oskooee 61 Journal of Journal of Educational Administration Engineering, Design and Technology A. Ross Thomas Award Outstanding Paper This award is named after A. Ross Thomas who made a significant contribution to the reputation and quality of the Journal of Educational Administration during his editorship from 1979 until 2011. Factors influencing the adaptive re-use of buildings Peter Bullen Outstanding Paper Peter Love Department of Construction Management, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia Principals’ capability in challenging conversations: the case of parental complaints Abstract Purpose – Adaptive re-use enables a building to suit new conditions. It is a process that reaps the benefit of the embodied energy and quality of the original building in a sustainable manner. Initiatives to improve the sustainability of buildings have tended to focus on new construction projects rather than existing ones. One reason is the tendency to regard old buildings as products with a limited useful life that have to be eventually discarded and demolished. Much of the existing building stock will still be in use for another 100 years. Thus, there is a need to develop policy and strategies that encourage adaptive re-use and the ongoing sustainability of building stock. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the factors influencing the decision to adopt an adaptive re-use strategy. Design/methodology/approach – Adaptive re-use is beginning to receive attention, yet there is a lack of consensus as to whether it is an appropriate strategy for meeting the changing needs and demands of developers, occupiers and owners for existing building stock. Considering the limited published research on adaptive re-use in buildings, particularly in the context of sustainability, a comprehensive review of the normative literature is undertaken to determine the factors influencing the decision-making process for its use. Findings – It is revealed that the major drivers for adaptive focus on lifecycle issues, changing perceptions of buildings, and governmental incentives. The barriers to re-use, on the other hand, include a perception of increased maintenance costs, building regulations, inertia of development criteria and the inherent risk and uncertainty associated with older building stock. The identification of drivers and barriers has enabled a balanced view of the adaptive reuse debate to be presented. Research limitations/implications – The paper concludes that more empirical research is required to examine the role of adaptive re-use in the context of its contribution to sustainability if it is to become an effective strategy that drives the formulation of public policy for addressing the issues associated with existing building stock. Practical implications – The research identifies key adaptive re-use issues that need to be addressed by policy makers, developers and owners during the formative stages of the design process so that efforts toward sustainability can be ameliorated. Addressing a building’s adaptive re-use will significantly reduce whole life costs, waste and lead to the improved building functionality. Originality/value – This paper provides policy makers and key decision makers with the underlying factors that need to be considered when implementing an adaptive re-use policy as part of their sustainability strategy. Keywords Buildings, Sustainable development www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17260531111121459 Viviane M.J. Robinson Deidre M. Le Fevre Faculty of Education, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Abstract Purpose – Positively engaging parents who have concerns about their children’s schooling is a key part of effective educational leadership. The purpose of this paper is to use empirical research on complaint interactions and interpersonal effectiveness to develop and trial an assessment of principals’ interpersonal effectiveness in challenging conversations with parents. The paper presents descriptive data about principals’ level of skill in one such type of conversation. Design/methodology/approach – A complaint scenario was written and an actor trained to play the role of the parent during a videotaped conversation with each of 30 newly appointed principals. The tapes were transcribed and assessed on six dimensions of interpersonal effectiveness. A code book was written which included definitions of each dimension, a five-step progression on each dimension, coding rules and examples. The actor also provided ratings of the effectiveness of each principal. Findings – The findings indicated that the principals were, on average, more skilled in advocating their own position than in deeply inquiring into and checking their understanding of the views of the parent. Many had difficulty respectfully challenging the parent’s assumptions about the situation and reaching a shared understanding of what to do next. Originality/value – The paper provides rarely obtained behavioural data about the interpersonal skills of school leaders and provides a strongly grounded theoretical framework for analysing these skills. Detailed suggestions are made about how further research can contribute to both the evaluation and development of the interpersonal skills required to achieve positive outcomes from challenging conversations. Keywords Conversation, New Zealand, Parents, Principals, Problem solving, Schools www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09578231111129046 JEA JEDT Volume 49 Number 3, 2011, pp. 227-55 Editor: A. Ross Thomas Volume 9 Number 1, 2011, pp. 32-46 Editor: Theo C. Haupt 62 Journal of Journal of Enterprise Information Management Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The policy-practice nexus of electronic health records adoption in the UK NHS: an institutional analysis Sources of enterprise success in Amish communities Donald B. Kraybill Wendy L. Currie David J. Finnegan Elizabethtown College, Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, USA Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Steven M. Nolt Abstract History and Political Science Department, Goshen College, Goshen, Indiana, USA Purpose – This paper seeks to report the findings from a sevenyear study on the UK National Health Service on the introduction of an electronic health record for 50 million citizens. It explores the relationship between policy and practice in the introduction of a large-scale national ICT programme at an estimated value of £12.4bn. Design/methodology/approach – Using a longitudinal research method, data are collected on the policy-practice nexus. The paper applies institutional theory using a conceptual model by Tolbert and Zucker on the component processes of institutionalisation. Findings – The findings suggest that institutional forces act as a driver and an inhibitor to introducing enabling technologies in the health-care environment. A process analysis shows that, as electronic health records force disruptive change on clinicians, healthcare managers and patients, culturally embedded norms, values and behavioural patterns serve to impede the implementation process. Research limitations/implications – This research is limited in its generalisability to national, regional and local ICT implementations due to the complexity of the policy and practical issues at stake. Despite the longitudinal research approach, the use of institutional theory can only offer a flavour of how institutionalised values, norms and behaviours influence health IT policy and practice. Practical implications – The paper demonstrates the complexity of translating centralised ICT policy in healthcare to practical solutions for clinicians and other stakeholders. It shows how a large-scale ICT programme based on procurement of technology is unlikely to succeed where important issues of user engagement and a sound ‘‘business case’’ have not been achieved. Originality/value – This research contributes to the theoretical literature on institutionalism by addressing the dichotomy between institutional and technical environments. While technology is often discussed in isolation of an institutional process, it may become embedded in organisational practices, reaching a process of sedimentation (institutionalisation) or fail to take hold and fade from view. Keywords Communication technologies, Databases, National Health Service, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17410391111106284 Erik J. Wesner JEIM JEC Volume 24 Number 2, 2011, pp. 146-70 Editor: Zahir Irani Volume 5 Number 2, 2011, pp. 112-30 Editors: Leo-Paul Dana and Dafna Kariv Elizabethtown College, Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies, Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, USA Abstract Purpose – This research project aims to investigate Amish small businesses in North America to determine their success rate and the factors that explain their vitality. Amish entrepreneurs have developed some 10,000 small businesses despite taboos on motor vehicles, electricity, computers, the internet, and education. A theoretical model consisting of five types of socio-cultural capital (human, cultural, social, religious, and symbolic) was conceptualized to explain and interpret the success of Amish enterprises. The model includes capital deficits that identify the hurdles that successful enterprises must overcome. Design/methodology/approach – The research employed qualitative ethnographic methods that included participant observation, face-to-face interviews with business owners in eight states, and document analysis. Findings – The paper finds that Amish businesses have a success rate above 90 percent, which is much higher than that of other American small businesses. Five types of socio-cultural capital (human, cultural, social, religious, and symbolic) account for the high success rate of Amish enterprises. Research limitations/implications – The qualitative methods do not permit quantitative analysis or tracking the performance of businesses over an extended period of time. Practical implications – Understanding the importance of sociocultural capital assets and deficits for business success is critical for entrepreneurs, consultants, and scholars. Originality/value – The five concepts of socio-cultural capital assets and deficits are a significant expansion of traditional social capital theory. These concepts offer a rich resource for understanding small business failure and success and merit inclusion in future research. Religious and symbolic capitals are especially pertinent for understanding enterprise building in religious and ethnic communities. Keywords Business enterprise, Entrepreneurs, North America, Social capital www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506201111131541 63 Journal of Journal of European Real Estate Research Facilities Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Benchmarking and valuation issues in measuring depreciation for European office markets Benchmarking operation and maintenance costs of French healthcare facilities Samer Sliteen Neil Crosby Scientific and Technical Centre for Building/CSTB, IRG Marne La Vallée, University Paris-Est, Paris, France School of Real Estate and Planning, Henley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, UK Halim Boussabaine School of Architecture, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK Steven Devaney University of Aberdeen Business School, Aberdeen, UK Orlando Catarina Vicki Law Scientific and Technical Centre for Building/CSTB, Paris, France School of Real Estate and Planning, Henley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a benchmarking study of operation and maintenance costs of French healthcare facilities between 2008 and 2009. The investigation presents findings using quantitative methods, including cumulative frequency and descriptive statistics. The purpose also is to highlight and capture the performance profile of long-term hospitals, using several operational cost drivers. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review revealed that there are no studies on the benchmarking of operation or maintenance costs of health facilities in France. Operational cost drivers reported in literature from other countries were used as the underlying constructs for this research, with a view to generating a benchmarking framework for the health assets in the data sample. The data were extracted from the databases of the hospitals concerned. Some of the data were collected via interviews and questionnaires. Statistical analysis was carried out to investigate and generate potential benchmarking cost curves. Potential operational cost drivers were extracted and used to develop cumulative frequency curves for benchmarking purposes. Findings – The authors found that cost per bed ratio can be used as an efficient metric to classify health facilities into similar to data sets. The results also show that the operational costs of utilities, maintenance and operations and maintenance staff correlate positively and significantly with the square meter of floor area. This relationship indicates that 82 per cent of the operational performance can be explained by this linear relationship. However, it was found that the relationship between the total of operational costs per square meter with the floor is negatively correlated and surprisingly only explains 41 per cent of the performance of the health asset operational cost variation in the data sample. Originality/value – The paper presents the first metric benchmarking method in France which allows health facility managers in France to evaluate and develop operational strategies, with a view to reducing the costs burden. Keywords Benchmarking, Energy costs, France, Health facilities, Hospitals, Operating costs, Waste cost www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14725961111170671 Abstract Purpose – The paper addresses the practical problems which emerge when attempting to apply longitudinal approaches to the assessment of property depreciation using valuation-based data. These problems relate to inconsistent valuation regimes and the difficulties in finding appropriate benchmarks. Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts a case study of seven major office locations around Europe and attempts to determine ten-year rental value depreciation rates based on a longitudinal approach using IPD, CBRE and BNP Paribas datasets. Findings – The depreciation rates range from a 5 per cent PA depreciation rate in Frankfurt to a 2 per cent appreciation rate in Stockholm. The results are discussed in the context of the difficulties in applying this method with inconsistent data. Research limitations/implications – The paper has methodological implications for measuring property investment depreciation and provides an example of the problems in adopting theoretically sound approaches with inconsistent information. Practical implications – Valuations play an important role in performance measurement and cross border investment decision making and, therefore, knowledge of inconsistency of valuation practice aids decision making and informs any application of valuation-based data in the attainment of depreciation rates. Originality/value – The paper provides new insights into the use of property market valuation data in a cross-border context, insights that previously had been anecdotal and unproven in nature. Keywords Depreciation, Europe, Office buildings, Rental value www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17539261111129443 JERER JFM Volume 4 Number 1, 2011, pp. 7-28 Editor: Stanley McGreal Volume 9 Number 4, 2011, pp. 266-81 Editor: Michael R. Pitt 64 Journal of Journal of Family Business Management Fashion Marketing and Management An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The importance of the family system in family business Fashion value brands: the relationship between identity and image Ramona K. Zachary Jill Ross Baruch College, The City University of New York, New York, New York, USA Rod Harradine Teesside University Business School, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK Abstract Purpose – Most researchers overlook the family system in the pursuit of family business studies and research. They mistakenly have assumed that the study of only the family business is sufficient to understand the influence and effect of the family itself. The importance the family system is documented as well as the evolution of family business as a field of study and various family business definitions. Conceptualizations of the family business are critiqued and the Sustainable Family Business Theory (SFBT) is presented relative to its board and detailed emphasis on the family system. This paper aims to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This article is a review of previous family business research including specific conceptual models developed in the literature, particularly relevant to the inclusion of the family system. Findings – Few researchers examine the family system in detail but those that do are reviewed and discussed. Research limitations/implications – Research, teaching and practice must be conducted with the recognition of the family system relative to the family business. Social implications – Recognizing the family system for its unique social contributions will have impact on future research, teaching, and practice. Originality/value – This review of previous research offers researchers a broader and comprehensive view of the family business, which is inclusive of the family system, as well as the business system and their respective interactions. Researchers, educators, and practitioners will benefit from this paper. Keywords Family business, Family life www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20436231111122263 Abstract Purpose – This study seeks to develop previous research into value branding by investigating potential misalignments between brand identity as intended by the brand owner, and the way in which the brand image is perceived by young consumers. Design/methodology/approach – Kapferer’s model was used to create a detailed brand identity for a value fashion brand. A survey of 150 business students provided a map to identify any gaps between the intended and perceived brand image. Theoretical concepts underpinning the paper include value branding and the relationship between brand identity and brand image. Findings – A marked difference was observed in the way in which value brands are intended and how they are perceived; these misalignments may have significant implications. In particular, young consumers’ perceptions of value brands’ fashion content could create barriers during decision making. However, the relationship facet indicates potential for developing lifelong loyalty from the sample. Research limitations/implications – The research provided a visual map of perceived brand image to allow comparison between identity and image. A longitudinal study could identify how attitudes might change throughout the purchasing life of the sample group. Practical implications – It was found that the brand owner needed to develop and effectively communicate the reflection element of brand identity to improve the perception of how the typical customer is viewed by others. Originality/value – The relationship between brand identity and brand image is particularly important in the value fashion sector. Although some research has been undertaken in this field, it mainly relates to how corporate brands are perceived, while this study focuses on the product level. Keywords Brand identity, Brand image, Fashion, Value brands, Young consumers www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13612021111151914 JFBM JFMM Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 26-36 Editors: Lorna Collins and Nicholas O’Regan Volume 15 Number 3, 2011, pp. 306-25 Editor: Steven George Hayes 65 Journal of Journal of Financial Crime Financial Economic Policy Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Aligning anti-money laundering, combating of financing of terror and financial inclusion: questions to consider when FATF standards are clarified International comparisons of bank regulation, liberalization, and banking crises Puspa Amri School of Politics and Economics, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California, USA Louis de Koker Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Australia Apanard P. Angkinand Abstract Milken Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify key questions that should be addressed to enable the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) to provide guidance regarding the alignment of anti-money laundering, combating of financing of terror and financial inclusion objectives. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on relevant research and documents of the FATF to identify questions that are relevant to consider when it formulates guidance regarding the alignment between financial integrity and financial inclusion objectives. Findings – The FATF advises that its risk-based approach enables countries and institutions to further financial inclusion. It is, however, not clear what the FATF means when its uses the terms ‘‘risk’’ and ‘‘low risk’’. It is also unclear whether current proposals for financial inclusion regulatory models will necessarily limit money laundering (ML) aswell as terror financing risks to levels that can be described as ‘‘low’’. The FATF will need to clarify its own thinking regarding low money laundering and low terror financing risk before it will be able to provide clear guidance to national regulators and financial institutions. Originality/value – This paper was drafted to inform current FATF discussions regarding guidance on financial inclusion. The questions are relevant to all stakeholders in financial regulation. Keywords Terrorism, Money laundering, Financial inclusion, Financing of terrorism, Customer due diligence www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13590791111173704 Clas Wihlborg Argyros School of Business and Economics, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA Abstract Purpose – The recurrence of banking crises throughout the 1980s and 1990s, and in the more recent 2008-09 global financial crisis, has led to an expanding empirical literature on crisis explanation and prediction. The purpose of this paper is to provide an analytical review of proxies for and important determinants of banking crisescredit growth, financial liberalization, bank regulation and supervision. Design/methodology/approach – The study surveys the banking crisis literature by comparing proxies for and measures of banking crises and policy-related variables in the literature. Advantages and disadvantages of different proxies are discussed. Findings – Disagreements about determinants of banking crises are in part explained by the difference in the chosen proxies used in empirical models. The usefulness of different proxies depends partly on constraints in terms of time and country coverage but also on what particular policy question is asked. Originality/value – The study offers a comprehensive analysis of measurements of banking crises, credit growth, financial liberalization and banking regulations and concludes with an assessment of existing proxies and databases. Since, the review points to the choice of proxies that best fit specific research objectives, it should serve as a reference point for empirical researchers in the banking crisis area. Keywords Banking, Financial crisis, Financial economics, Financial institutions, Financial markets, Financial services, Government policy, International financial markets, Regulation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17576381111182909 JFC JFEP Volume 18 Number 4, 2011, pp. 361-86 Editor: Barry A.K. Rider Volume 3 Number 4, 2011, pp. 322-39 Editors: John Jahera and James Barth 66 Journal of Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction Financial Regulation and Compliance Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Motivation and incentives in relational contracts Learning from pondlife and fishermen: towards a modular financial services industry Joel W. Darrington Aidan Walsh Real Estate and Construction Section, Hanson Bridgett LLP, Sacramento, California, USA EMEIA Financial Services Office, Ernst & Young, Dublin, Ireland Gregory A. Howell Lean Construction Institute, Ketchum, Idaho, USA Abstract Purpose – Haldane has suggested that modularity would add sustainability to the financial system. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a route by which such modularity might be achieved. Design/methodology/approach – The paper attempts to explore the micro-foundations of regulatory regimes as rule bound orders and demonstrate that externally imposed rules may not be absolutely necessary to constrain the behaviour of individuals or organisations. Voluntarily self-agreed rules may allow for greater communication and monitoring among the participants in a group. This in turn can result in greater sustainability. The paper uses examples from the work of Ostrom on sustainable common-pool resources to support this view. Examples are also given from the financial services industry. Findings – The paper suggests that non-legislative, informal rules of behaviour may be a useful source of constraining unsustainable behaviour in the financial services industry. In turn these selfenforcing rule-bound regimes may facilitate one feature of sustainable systems – modularity. Practical implications – The paper suggests that stakeholders in financial systems may find it useful, on a bottom-up basis, to facilitate the creation of groups of financial institutions that would create and then adhere to self-enforcing rules that could result in sustainable practices. Originality/value – The originality of the paper is on the focus on self-created and self-enforced rule-following and on using the work of Ostrom in a financial services setting. Keywords Financial institutions, Financial services, Modularity, Regulation, Rules, Self-enforced, Sustainability, Voluntary www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13581981111182929 Abstract Purpose – Lean projects seek to optimise the project rather than its parts and to maximize value to the customer. To better align the behaviour of project participants with a Lean project delivery model, the purpose of this paper is to argue for compensation structures that better address the economic and non-economic motives that impact project performance. Design/methodology/approach – Social science research increasingly shows that non-economic human motives play a key role in job performance and that they interact in complicated ways with economic incentives. By reviewing and extrapolating from relevant literature, this paper explores certain key non-economic human motives and their impact on project performance, how these non-economic motives interact with economic incentives, and strategies for structuring effective incentives. Findings – The paper identifies certain contract incentive principles that the authors believe should promote non-economic motivation. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides a starting point for further research regarding compatibility of incentives with non-economic motives on Lean projects. In particular, more research is needed on the applicability of the social science findings to corporate entities. Practical implications – The paper suggests that traditional compensation systems are ill-suited to project-optimised behaviour. Originality/value – This paper provides important insight into the problems of traditional compensation systems for construction projects and offers both concepts and strategies that could better align economic incentives with project-optimised behaviour. Keywords Construction industry, Incentives (psychology), Project management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13664381111116070 JFMPC JFRC Volume 16 Number 1, 2011, pp. 42-51 Editor: Akintola Akintoye Volume 19 Number 4, 2011, pp. 312-22 Editor: Kevin Keasey 67 Journal of Journal of Health Organization and Management Historical Research in Marketing Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A new workforce in the making? A case study of strategic human resource management in a whole-system change effort in healthcare Historical methodology: the perspective of a professionally trained historian turned marketer Fraser Macfarlane Ronald A. Fullerton School of Management, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Toms River, New Jersey, USA Trisha Greenhalgh Abstract Purpose – The paper’s aim is to explain historical methodology in a marketing context. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on the author’s personal experience, being trained in the history method and using the historical method. Findings – An awareness of time contexts and complex change is essential, so too is an appreciation of primary sources (as defined by historians). Reading the present into the past (anachronism) is to be avoided, and the interpretation and explanation of events are essential to good history. Originality/value – The paper represents the author’s own personal experience. Keywords Anachronism, Critical analysis, Economic history, Historical method in marketing, Interpretation, Marketing, Primary vs secondary sources, Time and change www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17557501111183608 University College London, London, UK Charlotte Humphrey Jane Hughes King’s College London, London, UK Ceri Butler University College London, London, UK Ray Pawson University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to describe the exploration of human resource issues in one large-scale program of innovation in healthcare. It is informed by established theories of management in the workplace and a multi-level model of diffusion of innovations. Design/methodology/approach – A realist approach was used based on interviews, ethnographic observation and documentary analysis. Findings – Five main approaches (‘‘theories of change’’) were adopted to develop and support the workforce: recruiting staff with skills in service transformation; redesigning roles and creating new roles; enhancing workforce planning; linking staff development to service needs; creating opportunities for shared learning and knowledge exchange. Each had differing levels of success. Practical implications – The paper includes HR implications for the modernisation of a complex service organisation. Originality/value – This is the first time a realist evaluation of a complex health modernisation initiative has been undertaken. Keywords Change management, Health services, Human resource management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14777261111116824 JHOM JHRM Volume 25 Number 1, 2011, pp. 55-72 Editors: Suzanne Robinson and Helen Dickinson Volume 3 Number 4, 2011, pp. 436-48 Editor: Brian Jones 68 Journal of Journal of Human Resource Costing & Accounting Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Framing numbers ‘‘at a distance’’: intangible performance reporting in a theatre Building humanitarian supply chain relationships: lessons from leading practitioners Andreas Sundström Stockholm University School of Business, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Ron McLachlin Abstract Asper School of Business, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada Paul D. Larson Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how the framing of numbers may be related to the distance between the information provider and information users. Design/methodology/approach – The design of the paper is a case study, in an organizational situation where there are perceived problems in producing stable inscriptions for reporting to users at a distance. The study focuses on the top management level in a small-sized publicly-funded theater. The qualitative research design incorporates interviews, observations and document analysis. Findings – The paper illustrates how knowledge and understanding of the circumstances of measurement form a substantial part of what constitutes ‘‘distance’’ between an accounting user and the referred context. It is argued that the framing of numbers may be utilized as a means to control action at a distance. The findings also imply that the use of measurements regarding intangibles may be perceived as useful for purposes beyond internal management. Originality/value – The paper contributes in two ways to prior research on accountability relations and accounting as an enabler of action at a distance: it elaborates on what constitutes a distance, and it also adds an emphasis on reciprocal behavior by the provider of information in an accountability relation. Keywords Accounting users ‘‘at a distance’’, Framing of numbers, Information management, Information transfer, Intangible performance, Measurement, Theatre www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14013381111197216 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to advance thought and practice on supply chain relationship building, in the context of humanitarian logistics, drawing on lessons from leading practitioners. Design/methodology/approach – The presentations were treated like data, enabling grounded research concerning practitioners. The presentations were recorded, transcribed, vetted, and imported into qualitative software (NVivo8) to facilitate further analysis, which led to testable propositions. Findings – Three themes emerged, centered around relationship benefits, challenges, and advice on relationship building. Advice from the practitioners led to 11 propositions. Research limitations/implications – While the presentations were treated as interview data, there was no opportunity to probe statements made by the speakers. Also, speakers were the sole representatives for their organizations. Finally, the findings cannot be generalized beyond the types of situations and organizations represented at the conference. Practical implications – The propositions represent advice from experienced humanitarian practitioners on building supply chain relationships. Social implications – Supply chains are economic entities. They are also social entities. Humanitarian supply chains involve people working together to help other people in need. Originality/value – There are few published articles on supply chain relationship building, and only several pieces on humanitarian partnerships or relationships. This paper contributes to the literature in a novel way, by drawing on expert speakers at a humanitarian conference. Keywords Channel relationships, Humanitarian logistics, Narratives, Supply chain management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20426741111122402 JHRCA JHLSCM Volume 15 Number 4, 2011, pp. 26-78 Editor: Robin Roslender Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 32-49 Editors: Gyöngyi Kovács and Karen Spens 69 Journal of Journal of Indian Business Research Integrated Care Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Effect of relationship building and constraintbased factors on business buyers’ relationship continuity intention: a study on the Indian steel industry Connected Care re-visited: Hartlepool and beyond Gemma Bruce Connected Care, Turning Point, UK Satyajit Jena Gerald Wistow Management Training Institute, Steel Authority of India Ltd, Ranchi, India K.K. Guin London School of Economics, Chair of the Hartlepool Connected Care Steering Group and Chair of the Advisory Group, Connected Care, Turning Point, UK Vinod Gupta School of Management, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India Richard Kramer Connected Care, Turning Point, UK S.B. Dash Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow, India Abstract Connected Care, Turning Point’s model for involving the community in the design and delivery of integrated health and well-being services, aims to involve the community in the commissioning process in a way which fundamentally shifts the balance of power in favour of local people. The model has been tested in a number of areas across the country, and previous articles in the Journal of Integrated Care have charted the progress of the original pilot in Hartlepool. Cost-benefits of the approach are now becoming clearer. Implementation of a new community-led social enterprise in Hartlepool began in 2007, and today its Connected Care service provides community outreach, information, access to a range of health and social care services, advocacy, co-ordination and lowlevel support to the people of Owton. Key lessons, from Hartlepool and elsewhere, have centred on the value of making the case for service redesign from the ‘‘bottom up’’ and building the capacity of the community to play a role in service delivery, while also promoting strong leadership within commissioning organisations to build ‘‘top-down’’ support for the implementation of outcomes defined through intensive community engagement. The new Government’s ’localism’ agenda creates new opportunities for community-led integration, and the Connected Care pilots provide a number of learning points about how this agenda might be successfully progressed. Keywords Commissioning, Community, Co-production, Health and well-being, Integration, Involvement, Social care, Social enterprise www.emeraldinsight.com/10.5042/jic.2011.0156 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bridge the glaring gap in the sales literature due to the deficiency of historical research on the adoption of technology in personal selling and the resultant impacts on sales roles. Design/methodology/approach – This paper traces the early adoption of technology by the sales force through information obtained from an extensive review of published works covering a nearly 130-year timeframe. Where possible, efforts are made to chronicle the early use of these technologies by citing examples from historical publications of applications in selling situations. Findings – In the exciting internet era, it is often unrecognized that adopting the latest technology in selling is a long, ongoing process which can be traced back at least to the beginning of professional personal selling in the mid-1800s when the industrial revolution enabled dramatic increases in manufactured products. A review of the literature suggests that sales forces were often early adopters of new technologies that laid the groundwork for taking on new or expanded sales roles. With each new invention and its creative adoption and adaption to selling, new sales roles have been created or ongoing ones expanded or significantly modified. Many of the roles still entrusted to today’s sales force are arguably linked to a succession of technological adoptions that occurred between the 1850s and 1980s. Originality/value – From a historical perspective, this paper examines sales force technology development from the 1850s through the 1980s and the resultant impacts on sales force roles. To date, this historic technology-sales force role relationship has not been adequately recognized or addressed in the sale literature. The analyses presented in the present study should prove useful for academics, students, and practitioners in the sales and marketing fields as well as researchers examining business history. Keywords History, Information technology, Innovation, Sales force, Selling methods www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17554191111112451 JIBR JICA Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 173-93 Editor: G. Shainesh Volume 19 Number 2, 2011, pp. 13-21 Editor: Peter Thistlethwaite 70 Journal of Journal of Intellectual Capital International Trade Law and Policy Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC): a critical analysis WTO remedies and developing countries J. Pfumorodze Pirjo Ståhle Department of Law, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana Finland Futures Research Centre, University of Turku, Helsinki, Finland Abstract Sten Ståhle Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse World Trade Organisation (WTO) remedies from a developing country perspective, with a view to suggest reforms in the system. Design/methodology/approach – WTO members’ proposals for reforming WTO remedies and WTO cases are reviewed in order to determine the need for reforms and the nature of reforms to be undertaken. Findings – WTO remedies are unfavourable to developing countries, most of which are unable to utilise them due to their weaker economies as compared to their developed country counterparts. There is no consensus on the nature of reforms to be undertaken. This paper suggests the need to synthesise the current proposals and develop various workable models. Originality/value – This paper provides proposals which may improve WTO remedies for the benefit of developing countries, thereby not only strengthening the WTO enforcement mechanism but the multilateral trading system as a whole. Keywords Developing countries, International trade, Agreements, Dispute procedures, Compensation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14770021111116151 Bimac Service, Helsinki, Finland Samuli Aho Finland Futures Research Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyse the validity of the value added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) method as an indicator of intellectual capital. Design/methodology/approach – The paper describes VAIC through its calculation formulae and aims to establish what exactly it is that the method measures. It also looks in detail at how intellectual capital is understood in the method, and discusses its conceptual confusions. Furthermore, the paper tests the hypothesis according to which VAIC correlates with a company’s stock market value, and reflects the contradictory results of earlier studies. Findings – The analyses show, first, that VAIC indicates the efficiency of the company’s labour and capital investments, and has nothing to do with intellectual capital. Furthermore, the calculation method uses overlapping variables and has other serious validity problems. Second, the results do not lend support to the hypothesis that VAIC correlates with a company’s stock market value. The main reasons behind the lack of consistency in earlier VAIC results lie in the confusion of capitalized and cash flow entities in the calculation of structural capital and in the misuse of intellectual capital concepts. Practical implications – The analyses show that VAIC is an invalid measure of intellectual capital. Originality/value – The result is important since the method has been widely used in micro and macro level analyses, but this is the first time it has been put to rigorous scientific analysis. Keywords Financial management, Finland, Intellectual capital, Measurement of company efficiency, Validity of intellectual capital measures, Value added intellectual coefficient www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14691931111181715 JIC JITLP Volume 12 Number 4, 2011, pp. 531-51 Editor: Rory Chase Volume 10 Number 1, 2011, pp. 83-98 Editor: Mohamad S. Alramahi 71 Journal of Journal of Investment Compliance Islamic Accounting and Business Research Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Competitive forces and cost-based analysis in SEC review of SRO market data fee filings: NetCoalition v. Securities and Exchange Commission Accountability in the sacred context: the case of management, accounting and reporting of a Malaysian cash awqaf institution Hairul Suhaimi Nahar Edward J. Ferraro Accounting Section, School of Management, Malaysia Science University, Penang, Malaysia Attorney, in private practice, New York, New York, USA Hisham Yaacob Abstract Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics, Business and Policy Studies, University Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam Purpose – This paper aims to analyze and discuss the implications of the August 2010 decision of the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals vacating and remanding to the SEC its December 2008 order approving a proposed fee filed by NYSE Arca, LLC for its depth-ofbook product ArcaBook. It also seeks to consider the effect on the court’s decision of the Dodd-Frank Act amendments to Section 19(b) of the Exchange Act. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyzes the evolution of the SEC’s policy regarding SRO market data fees including the 1999 Concept Release on Market Information, the Advisory Committee on Market Information, the effects of decimalization and the 2005 adoption of Regulation NMS. It focuses on market data fee policy in connection with the Commission’s decade-long project to increase the role of competition in the US securities markets, culminating in the 2006 NYSE Arca fee filing, the SEC’s 2008 order approving those fees and the NetCoalition decision. Findings – The court’s decision that a cost analysis is not irrelevant to the SEC’s review of proposed SRO fee filings brings clarity and finality to a long-standing dispute within the Commission and the securities industry and identifies a procedure for reaching an economically sound determination of ‘‘fair and reasonable’’ fees for SRO market data. Practical implications – A cost-based analysis of SRO market data fee filings is likely to result in a significant decline in market data revenues for those exchanges that charge fees for their data. For the Commission, cost-based analysis is likely to require a significant reallocation of its regulatory staff and resources. Originality/value – The paper presents a useful analysis for securities regulatory lawyers and financial analysts and investors following the stock exchange and financial information industries. Keywords Circuits, Coalitions, Information, Market position www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/15285811111122010 Abstract Purpose – The concept of accountability has long been argued in the academic and public policy debate to have been contextually ingrained in the technical processes of accounting and reporting. Both processes provide lenses through which the extent of managerial accountability in the corporate context could be objectively examined. The sacred religion of Islam as a social order with a complete code of life classifies accountability as being dual; in line with the duality concept in life – in this temporal world and eternal hereafter, necessitating for accountability concept in accounting and reporting from the Islamic worldview to transcend beyond the point of worldly objectives. Parallel to this line of reasoning, the purpose of this paper is to undertake a preliminary empirical investigation with respect to accounting, reporting and accountability practices of a Malaysian cash awqaf (Islamic endowment) management institution over a six-year period, from 2000 to 2005. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses triangulation research approach, consisting of case study method and archival documentation review and analysis. Findings – The preliminary findings indicate that, while the root of accountability in the management, accounting and reporting practices seems to exist in the awqaf entity studied, significant improvements remain necessary to ensure accountability could be continuously enhanced and uphold. Originality/value – Debating accountability concept in the context of management, accounting and reporting as practiced by faith-based institution of awqaf from the Islamic perspective inevitably directs this study to highlight the notion of Islamic accounting and reporting commonly and extensively discussed in the realm of Islamic finance and banking. The study’s conjecture is that, by debunking the myth of Islamic accounting and reporting as only serving the acute domain of transactions reflecting the Islamic financial products in banking environment, it helps to reshape, broaden and emphasize the all encompassing relevance of Islamic accounting and reporting to that of not-for-profits, religiously grounded entities such as awqaf institutions. The study further contributes to the accountability and financial reporting literature in Islamic not-for-profit organizations by studying the importance of sound accounting practices and reporting transparency in ensuring accountability. Keywords Accountability, Accounting, Awqaf, Banking, Finance, Islam, Mutawallis (awqaf trustees), Non-profit organizations, Reporting www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17590811111170520 JOIC JIABR Volume 12 Number 1, 2011, pp. 5-29 Editor: Henry A. Davis Volume 2 Number 2, 2011, pp. 87-113 Editors: Roszaini Haniffa and Mohammad Hudaib 72 Journal of Journal of Islamic Marketing Knowledge Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The challenges of Islamic branding: navigating emotions and halal Interactive knowledge management: putting pragmatic policy planning in place Jonathan A.J. Wilson Chester S. Labedz University of Greenwich, London, UK Steven A. Cavaleri Jonathan Liu Gregory R. Berry Regent’s College, London, UK Robert Vance Academic Center, Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, Connecticut, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the challenges which the concept of halal presents – when attempting to understand how halal-conscious consumers behave and what it takes to maintain an emotive, credible and authentic brand proposition. Design/methodology/approach – Interpretive phenomenological analysis and syllogisms, as a basis for conceptual metaphor theory and critical discourse analysis, were employed. Evidence supported by discussions and participant observation method, whilst attending Oxford Global Islamic Branding and Marketing Forum, 26-27 July 2010, Saı̈d Business School, University of Oxford – in addition to the empirical data presented by keynote speakers. Findings – The author asserts that halal-conscious consumers are risk averse, which drives discerning and high-involvement behavioural traits. Furthermore, in the face of this, brand managers are still unclear how far they can push more emotionally led brand messages. Finally, the paper presents a halal decision-making paradigm – as a basis for constructing salient and engaging brands. The halal paradigm is a nub where the perceived importance of halal is brought into the Muslim consciousness. This is a dynamic and cyclical process, whose final verdict is finite and perishable – due to hyper-sensitivity and environmental factors influencing Muslim perceptions of what is halal. Research limitations/implications – The models presented synthesise conceptual thinking with primary and secondary data. Further, tests related to specific brands are suggested. Originality/value – Whilst the author concurs with the general Islamic principle of halal being the norm and haram as the exception, within the halal paradigm of consumption attached to consumerism, an argument is put forward asserting that this is increasingly being reversed. Furthermore, it is proposed that brand theory could view brands as Muslims. Keywords Brand management, Branding, Consumer behaviour, Islam www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17590831111115222 Abstract JIMA JKM Volume 2 Number 1, 2011, pp. 28-42 Editor: Jonathan Wilson Volume 15 Number 4, 2011, pp. 551-67 Editor: Rory Chase Purpose – This paper aims to critically examine through a knowledge management lens the existing ‘‘art’’ of public policy making, suggesting instead an approach intended to improve knowledge processes and reduce unintended injurious consequences of legislating. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on pragmatic philosophy and limited government precedents, the authors identify and recommend the implementation of a prospective legislative impact statement requirement by and for the US Congress. They suggest the development and the potential KM utility of the PLIS based on a brief case study of the 2009 American ‘‘cash for clunkers’’ incentive program. Findings – The authors conclude that development and application of such prospective legislative impact statements is feasible and that they may support the statement and testing of dynamic hypotheses relating to the prospective effects of policies under government consideration. Research limitations/implications – Pragmatic knowledge-based scholarship is extended by integrating system dynamics and adaptive management approaches, and it acquires prominent governance relevance through this research. Practical implications – Rigorous integrative government consideration of pending legislation, and ongoing assessment of consequences of enacted laws, could be systematized under this proposal. Social implications – PLIS requirement extends knowledge process over the legislating process, thereby tempering current ‘‘legislative art’’ practices and wisely benefiting the polity. Originality/value – This paper offers a practical solution to a wicked KM problem: improving the quality of knowledge in non-hierarchical policy-making groups, especially those in government. Keywords Government, Knowledge creation, Knowledge management, Learning organizations, Public sector organizations, Strategic planning www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13673271111151956 73 Journal of Journal of Knowledge-based Innovation in China Management Development Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Patent transactions with China in a new era: a European perspective Best management practices Luke C. Ng Ying Li Frank G. Zarb School of Business, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York, USA DTU Executive School of Business, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark Abstract Elise Meijer Purpose – Management means ‘‘getting things done effectively through people’’. This implies the importance of leadership and people skills in management practice to achieve optimal results. Great managers usually succeed for a number of reasons. They usually possess nine common management practices. This paper aims to identify these common denominators in their character and management practice that define them. Design/methodology/approach – Case examples are used to illustrate the application of those management practices. Successful managers from well-known industry giants such as IBM, Nestle’s, P&G, Apple, Loews’, GE and PepsiCo are profiled to demonstrate how their success can be traced back to those practices. Findings – The paper demonstrates that every manager can easily apply the nine management practices daily to achieve a successful outcome. While some of these traits appear to be personal habits, it is these simple management habits that influence subordinates to perform their best. Originality/value – Most good managers are trained, not born. The nine personal practices identified in this paper can be easily adopted on a daily basis. With consistent practice, the nine personal traits help train managers to become more effective leaders in driving optimal performance and motivating subordinates to ‘‘get things done effectively’’. Keywords Best practice, Leadership, Management development, Management technique, Motivation (psychology), Social skills www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02621711111098398 Geert Duysters School of Industrial Engineering, Innovation, Technology Entrepreneurship and Marketing Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Maurice de Rochemont Duke Forest Capital, Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – This study aims to present a timely description of the experience and intentions of EU firms regarding patent licensing and/or selling to China in a new era, where EU firms are taking a more open approach toward innovation and the Chinese institutional environment has been recently changed. Design/methodology/approach – The timing of this study provides opportunities to observe up-to-date perceptions of EU firms regarding their intentions and concerns about patent transactions to China right after the new Chinese Patent Law took effect in 2009. Firms from 12 European countries in various industries were surveyed through an online questionnaire. Findings – The paper finds that large and small EU firms are different regarding the openness of innovation measured by patent transactions; for those EU firms that are not interested in licensing or selling patents, most of them are not employing an open innovation model and IP infringement is still the primary concern. EU firms are most interested in selling obsolete technologies and licensing state-of-art technologies to China. Research limitations/implications – Owing to the small sample size, it is difficult to identify the differences in strategies and concerns across industries in the EU and to observe and statistically present the relationships between variables. Practical implications – This study renders practical guidance for both EU and Chinese firms that are already engaged in or will be interested in patent trade in the future. Originality/value – The timing of the research and the uniqueness of data ensure the originality of this paper, which contributes to the open innovation literature by addressing several important issues in international technology transfer to China. Keywords China, IP protection, Licensing, Open innovation, Patents, Technology transfer www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17561411111138973 JMD JKIC Volume 30 Number 1, 2011, pp. 93-105 Editors: Andrew Kakabadse and Nada K. Kakabadse Volume 3 Number 2, 2011, pp. 136-56 Editors: Chen Jin and Chunyan Zhou 74 Journal of Journal of Management History Managerial Psychology Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Ansoff revisited: how Ansoff interfaces with both the planning and learning schools of thought in strategy The role of star performers in software design teams Judith Volmer Robert Moussetis Department of Psychology, Social Psychology Group, University of Erlangen, Nuremberg, Germany Department of Management and Marketing, North Central College, Naperville, Illinois, USA Sabine Sonnentag Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to revisit Igor Ansoff’s work and how it interfaces with the various schools of strategic management. Design/methodology/approach – Ansoff’s work of 40 years is reviewed and related to other schools of thought in strategic management. Findings – Ansoff’s work is much more comprehensive than the literature suggests. His later work (after 1990) is largely unnoticed by academics, nevertheless, it is the empirical findings of his theoretical postulations. Moreover, his work interfaces with virtually all schools of thought in strategic management. Research limitations/implications – It will provide a broader view of Ansoff’s work and perhaps trigger additional research as a result of his later work. Most researchers continue to associate Ansoff with his early thoughts. Practical implications – Ansoff’s work has found wide applications in a variety of industries. His work was mostly with industries that used his propositions in order to better strategies. Social implications – Ansoff’s later research and empirical findings could provide a launchpad for re-examining the method by which organizations assess their environment, strategic behaviour, and internal capability. Therefore, organizations may have an alternative method to develop strategy. Originality/value – This is the first attempt to provide a historical view of Ansoff’s work and perhaps his timeliness. The recent economic crisis only further supports Ansoff’s basic position that companies must create custom strategies to fit their environment, culture, and capabilities. Keywords Business history, Management history, Management strategy, Management theory, Strategic change, Strategic management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17511341111099556 Abstract Purpose – This study seeks to extend previous research on experts with mainly ad-hoc groups from laboratory research to a field setting. Specifically, this study aims to investigate experts’ relative importance in team performance. Expertise is differentiated into two categories (task functions and team functions) and the paper aims to investigate whether experts in task and team functions predict team performance over and above the team’s average expertise level. Design/methodology/approach – Longitudinal, multi-source data from 96 professional software design engineers were used by means of hierarchical regression analyses. Findings – The results show that both expert members in task functions (i.e. behavior that aids directly in the completion of workrelated activities) and the experts in team functions (i.e. facilitation of interpersonal interaction necessary to work together as a team) positively predicted team performance 12 months later over and above the team’s average expertise level. Research limitations/implications – Samples from other industry types are needed to examine the generalizability of the study findings to other occupational groups. Practical implications – For staffing, the findings suggest that experts are particularly important for the prediction of team performance. Organizations should invest effort into finding ‘‘star performers’’ in task and team functions in order to create effective teams. Originality/value – This paper focuses on the relationship between experts (in task functions and team functions) and team performance. It extends prior research on team composition and complements expertise research: similar to cognitive ability and personality, it is important to take into account member expertise when examining how to manage the people mix within teams. Benefits of expertise are not restricted to laboratory research but are broadened to real-world team setting. Keywords Team performance, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02683941111112659 JMH JMP Volume 17 Number 1, 2011, pp. 102-25 Editor: Shawn Carraher Volume 26 Number 3, 2011, pp. 219-34 Editor: Dianna Stone 75 Journal of Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management Modelling in Management Dr Theo Williamson Award Named after Dr Theo Williamson, who died in May 1992. He was Director of R&D at Molins plc and subsequently became Group Director at Rank Xerox. He was one of the great engineering innovators of his time and is probably best known for his work in developing System 24, acknowledged by the US Patent Office as the world’s first integrated flexible manufacturing system. Outstanding Paper A new constrained stochastic multidimensional scaling vector model: an application to the perceived importance of leadership attributes Outstanding Paper Crystal J. Scott College of Business, University of Michigan – Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA An investigation of Toyota’s social-technical systems in production levelling Wayne S. DeSarbo Smeal College of Business, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA Phillip Marksberry Fazleena Badurdeen Abstract M.A. Maginnis Purpose – Multidimensional scaling (MDS) represents a family of various geometric models for the multidimensional representation of the structure in data as well as the corresponding set of methods for fitting such spatial models. Its major uses in business include positioning, market segmentation, new product design, consumer preference analysis, etc. The purpose of this paper is to apply a new stochastic constrained MDS vector model to examine the importance of some 45 different leadership attributes as they impact perceptions of effective leadership practice. Design/methodology/approach – The authors present a new stochastic constrained MDS vector model for the analysis of twoway dominance data. Findings – This constrained vector or scalar products model represents the column objects of the input data matrix by points and row objects by vectors in a T-dimensional derived joint space. Reparameterization options are available for row and/or column representations so as to constrain or reparameterize such objects as functions of designated features or attributes. An iterative maximum likelihood-based algorithm is devised for efficient parameter estimation. Originality/value – The authors present an application to a study conducted to examine the importance of leadership attributes as they impact perceptions of effective leadership practice. Implications for future research and limitations are discussed. Keywords Data structures, Iterative methods, Leadership, Modelling www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17465661111112485 Center for Manufacturing, College of Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze Toyota’s production levelling process in an attempt to understand the various social and technical factors required to produce to a changing market. Unfortunately, most outsiders who explore production levelling do not realize that it involves various departments outside of manufacturing. Consequently, due to the dynamic nature of production levelling many unintended social and management factors between departments makes cooperation difficult. Design/methodology/approach – This paper conducts a case study at one of Toyota’s automobile plants to examine the level of departmental and social integration that is applied when implementing production levelling. Based on observations, the problems of production levelling are analyzed and, accordingly, possible solutions are explored. Findings – The findings of this work show that Toyota achieves production levelling because it is viewed as a company-wide activity that cuts across many departments in promoting manufacturing consistency. Production levelling criteria include both the design and manufacturing aspects which brings evidence that manufacturing is limited in its ability to eliminate and reduce market fluctuation. The work also illustrates that Toyota reinforces departmental cooperation through its human resources policies, and many other unique management mechanisms. Originality/value – The paper provides new insight on how Toyota achieves production levelling by considering a more holistic and social-technical approach. In particular, interdepartmental activities are emphasized in achieving company-wide goals that impact how departments agree to operate. Keywords Lean production, Planning and control, Production, Production scheduling www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17410381111134464 JMTM JM2 Volume 22 Number 5, 2011, pp. 604-20 Editor: David Bennett Volume 6 Number 1, 2011, pp. 7-32 Editor: Luiz Moutinho 76 Journal of Journal of Money Laundering Control Organizational Change Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Terrorism and the internet: a double-edged sword From cultural values to cross-cultural interfaces: Hofstede goes to Africa Shima D. Keene Terence Jackson The Institute for Advanced Legal Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, UK Middlesex University Business School, London, UK Abstract Purpose – Hofstede’s theory may be problematic from both a methodological/theoretical and practical view when applied to the 80 per cent of the globe we term developing. It is necessary to break out of an epistemic paradigm and a ‘‘view from nowhere’’ in order to focus on multiple layers of cultural interfaces within power dynamics that influence the nature of hybrid organizations and individual cultural identity. The purpose of this paper therefore is to develop a theory of cross-cultural interfaces. Design/methodology/approach – Cross-cultural values theory provides a blunt instrument in Africa, does not take into account global dependencies and is not able to analyse local perceptions of reality within a context of these dependencies. A theory of cultural interfaces is developed that incorporates an Aristotelian phronetic approach to social science. Findings – This moves away from the universals of analytical rationality towards practical value-rationality that considers culture from a context-dependent viewpoint, provides a synthesis for cultural-institutional approaches, and engages researchers beyond merely looking at differences in cultures and the consequences, and towards what should be done about issues that arise. Originality/value – By providing an example of how cultural interfaces may be researched, and discussing the associated conceptual issues, it is hoped that this paper will help to move forward the debate about cross-cultural management. Keywords Africa, Cross-cultural management, Cultural identity, Cultural interfaces, Developing countries, International development www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09534811111144656 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to highlight the extent of the use of the internet by terrorist organisations to achieve their strategic and operational objectives. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology adopted consisted of an extensive literature review on topics to include Islamic terrorism, cyber crime, globalisation, and financial crime, supported by field work to verify findings. Findings – Al-Qaeda has become a radical Islamic phenomenon held together through its global network of communities, both virtual and physical. One significant enabler has been the internet, which enables anonymous communication, aids recruitment, encourages the sharing of knowledge, as well as playing a significant role in the spreading of propaganda. The understanding of the use of internetbased technologies, not only as a potential target for terrorist attack, but as a tool to achieve its ideological and operational goals, remains a neglected area of study requiring further focus. Originality/value – This paper serves as a useful guide to alert and educate counter-terrorism professionals, law enforcement and policy makers of the significance of the extent of the use of the internet for purposes such as operational planning, recruitment, psychological operations and fund raising. It is essential that these subjects should not be viewed as a peripheral issue to cyberterrorism, but instead, should be considered to be central to the existing counter-terrorism effort. Keywords Internet, Terrorism, Globalization, Al-Qaeda, Internet technology, Risk assessment, Psychological operations www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13685201111173839 JMLC JOCM Volume 14 Number 4, 2011, pp. 359-70 Editor: Barry A.K. Rider Volume 24 Number 4, 2011, pp. 532-58 Editor: Slawomir Magala 77 Journal of Journal of Place Management and Development Product & Brand Management featuring Pricing Strategy & Practice Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper City branding: a state-of-the-art review of the research domain Customers’ comparative loyalty to retail and manufacturer brands Andrea Lucarelli S. Allen Broyles Per Olof Berg California State University, Fullerton, California, USA School of Business, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Robert H. Ross Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas, USA Donna Davis Abstract Purpose – The aim of the paper is to carry out a contemporary and concise ‘‘state-of-the-art’’ review of the city branding research domain, in particular how scholars have approached this field of study, what aspects of city branding have been studied, what cities have been chosen, and how the studies are designed. Design/methodology/approach – Through an iterative search in multiple literature databases, 217 qualified research studies on city branding were identified and retrieved. Those studies were examined, analyzed and categorized according to six categories: bibliographical data, methodologies used, empirical foundation, conceptual frameworks, branding elements, and reported outcomes of branding efforts. Findings – City branding is emerging as an internationally recognized research domain characterized by a high degree of multi-disciplinary, rapid proliferation in and between disciplines, and a somewhat fragmented theoretical foundation. On the basis of research interests, three perspectives were identified (producing, consuming, and criticizing city branding) emerging across academic disciplines. Research limitations/implications – The study is based on research articles in English, published in academic journals, which limits the international and professional scope of the study. Another limitation is the selected time period, which does not include studies prior to 1988 or later than 2009. Originality/value – As a state-of-the-art review, the main contribution of this paper is a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the field as such. A methodological contribution is the attempt to run a multi-variate analysis of the branding elements in relation to the output and performance data reported in the studies. Another contribution is the identification of three cross-disciplinary research perspectives in the field today. Keywords Brand management, Cities, Marketing, Research work www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538331111117133 Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA JPMD JPBM Volume 4 Number 1, 2011, pp. 9-29 Editors: John Byrom and Cathy Parker Volume 20 Number 3, 2011, pp. 205-15 Editor: Richard C. Leventhal Thaweephan Leingpibul Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA Abstract Purpose – Owing to the increasing market presence and financial success of retail brands, this study seeks to examine the comparative influence of manufacturer brands and retail brands on customers’ purchase behaviors. Design/methodology/approach – The survey was administered to 1,120 samples (of which 200 were returned), with data analyzed using structural equation modeling to test the study’s hypotheses. Findings – The study revealed that customers’ loyalty to retail brand(s) has greater influence on their purchase behavior than manufacturer brand(s). It also revealed that attitude toward store brands directly influences one’s propensity to switch to retail brands, and mediates relationships between loyalty to manufacturer/retail brands and one’s propensity to switch to retail brand(s). Research limitations/implications – Only one type of retailer was employed in the study. The samples are individuals that have either purchased an item(s) from the retailer, or have at least visited one of their retail sites. The samples had relatively high disposable incomes. Practicable implications – The study found that retailers may need dissimilar marketing strategies for customers loyal to manufacturer brands and customers loyal to retail brands. Originality/value – The study provides new and empirical insight into the ongoing debate of the comparative importance of manufacturer and retail brands. Keywords Brands, Buying behaviour, Customer loyalty, Retailers, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10610421111134932 78 Journal of Journal of Property Investment & Finance Public Mental Health Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Real estate valuation, cognitive risk, and translational research A prototype index of factors affecting mental wellbeing in England Larry Wofford Gyles Glover Michael Troilo Rebecca Lee The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA Alison Copeland Andrew Dorchester North East Public Health Observatory, Wolfson Research Institute, University of Durham, Stockton-on-Tees, UK Cushman & Wakefield Inc., Washington, DC, USA Abstract Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to consider selected aspects of the relationship between real estate valuation, human cognition, and translational research. Its purpose is to introduce the concept of cognitive risk, to propose a framework for mitigating it, and to develop a stream of translational research to transfer knowledge to real estate valuers. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes an interdisciplinary conceptual approach towards the development and study of cognitive risk, and its mitigation. It proposes to broaden the study of behavioral issues in real estate valuation beyond cognitive psychology to cognitive science, and also fields such as time studies and human failure, in order to identify and mitigate cognitive risk. Findings – The paper offers a framework as a starting-point for handling cognitive risk. It borrows the concept of translational research from medicine to discuss how basic theoretical knowledge may be communicated to real estate valuers to improve performance. Originality/value – The paper’s concept of cognitive risk and discussion of its mitigation will enrich behavioral real estate by introducing the wisdom of other fields such as cognitive science and time studies. These fields have much to say about managing the risk surrounding human cognition, and will be of both academic and practical value to the discipline of real estate valuation. Keywords Assets valuation, Cognitive risk, Paradigm, Real estate, Real estate valuation, Translational research www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14635781111150303 Purpose – This paper seeks to discuss the development of a prototype index of the factors influencing mental wellbeing in local areas in England. Design/methodology/approach – To support developments in mental health policy, a prototype version of an index of the extent of factors affecting wellbeing was developed for the 149 local government areas (local authorities). The work was based on a welldeveloped conceptualisation of factors affecting mental wellbeing set out in a current Department of Health background paper. This identified five domains of relevant factors with positive and negative influences in each. For each of the five domains (‘‘a positive start in life’’, ‘‘resilience and a safe and secure base’’, ‘‘integrated physical and mental health’’, ‘‘sustainable, connected communities’’, and ‘‘meaning and purpose’’), the authors attempted to find proxy measures of positive and risk factors among routinely collected government statistics. This proved difficult; measures for positive factors in three domains and risk factors in four domains were identified. These were combined to give scores for overall positive and negative influences on wellbeing and a resulting overall index. This was done using the methods developed for the English Index of Multiple Deprivation. Findings – Positive factor scores are generally higher in rural areas, particularly the West Midlands, Bedfordshire, and Cambridgeshire, a southerly strip from Somerset and Dorset to Surrey, and Yorkshire, and Northumberland in the north. In London, Richmond, Bromley, and Havering score highly. High-risk factor scores are generally seen in most urban areas, with a band of high scores from Liverpool and Manchester, through the West Yorkshire towns to Hull and Scunthorpe, clusters in the North East around Tyneside and Teesside and central London, particularly Hackney, Haringey, Islington, Southwark, Lambeth, and Kensington and Chelsea. In London, Richmond, Harrow, and Redbridge have notably low scores. Some notable regional differences were seen in the patterns of positive and risk rankings. The North East, Yorkshire and the Humber, and the North West stand out as having generally higher positive scores for any level of risk than Midland and Southern regions; London authorities have the lowest positive – in relation to risk scores. Originality/value – The authors hope that the publication of a pilot study may prove helpful in identifying some of the issues which will need to be tackled if a fully working index in this area is to be developed. Keywords Indexing, Local authorities, Mental illness, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17465721111154275 JPIF JPMH Volume 29 Number 4/5, 2011, pp. 372-83 Editor: Nick French Volume 10 Number 2, 2011, pp. 81-7 Editor: Woody Caan 79 Journal of Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Maintenance engineering in capital-intensive manufacturing systems Entrepreneurial marketing: a strategy for the twenty-first century? Farhad Anvari Sussie C. Morrish Esfahan’s Mobarakeh Steel Company, Esfahan, Iran College of Business and Economics, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand Rodger Edwards School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the author’s view of the role of entrepreneurial marketing (EM) as a strategy to address the dynamic marketing environment of recent times. Design/methodology/approach – The author reflects on some significant marketing changes and provides some contemporary example of companies that have successfully adopted EM approaches and challenged traditional marketing wisdom. Findings – EM is best conceived not as a nexus between marketing and entrepreneurship, but as an augmented process, where both the entrepreneur and the customer are the core actors, co-creating value within the marketing environment. Originality/value – While this is an opinion piece, the paper provides evidence of how EM can be adopted and applied by entrepreneurial firms and challenges marketers to create and control their own-marketing environment. Keywords Entrepreneurial marketing, Entrepreneurship, Market orientation, Marketing, Marketing strategy www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14715201111176390 Abstract Purpose – The main purpose of the research is to develop a comprehensive model for measuring overall equipment effectiveness in the capital-intensive industry such as steel, oil and chemical companies so as to meet their essential requirements. Design/methodology/approach – Market time is used as a representation of all the losses, which affect incurred equipment effectiveness. Based on a comprehensive scheme for loss analysis within market time, the concept of Integrated Equipment Effectiveness (IEE) is developed. Multiple case studies including three different cases within one large Asian steel making company were developed to assess the proposed model. Findings – The case study reveals the importance of the new scheme for loss analysis in the capital-intensive industry. IEE provides a whole perspective on effectiveness based on loading, capital and market features. Practical implications – IEE monitors manufacturing process to utilise equipment effectively as much as possible and also measures the equipment effectiveness for full process cycle in order to respond to the market. It provides a sound perspective on improvement to the capital-intensive industry. Originality/value – The paper provides information on a new model to more accurate estimation of equipment effectiveness in the capital-intensive industry. It helps to optimise resource allocation and make better strategic decisions. The model may be applied as a benchmark to achieve world-class standard. Keywords Asia, Capital-intensive industry, Effectiveness, Losses, Maintenance, Steelmaking www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13552511111180177 JQME JRME Volume 17 Number 4, 2011, pp. 351-70 Editors: Abdul Raouf and Saleh Duffuaa Volume 13 Number 2, 2011, pp. 110-19 Editor: Jonathan Deacon 80 Journal of Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China Service Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Open innovation in China: policies and practices Service as business logic: implications for value creation and marketing Xiaolan Fu Christian Grönroos Oxford University, Oxford, UK Annika Ravald Hongru Xiong Hanken School of Economics Finland, Helsinki, Finland (formerly International Journal of Service Industry Management) Tsinghua University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this article is to analyze the scope, content and nature of value co-creation in a service logic-based view of value creation, addressing the customer’s perspective in a supplier-customer relationship. The nature of the activities and the roles of the supplier and the customer in value creation and co-creation are analyzed. Furthermore, the purpose is to discuss what implications for marketing can be derived from this analysis. Design/methodology/approach – The article analyzes the marketing implications that follow from the pivotal role of interactions in service provision. The article, thus, builds on a long history in service marketing research pointing at the impact on the content and scope of marketing of customer-supplier interactions. Findings – In this article, it is concluded that creating customer value is a multilaned process consisting of two conceptually distinct subprocesses. These are the supplier’s process of providing resources for customer’s use and the customer’s process of turning service into value. The article results in five service logic theses which provide an understanding of the process of value creation and its implications for marketing. The theses offer a terminology that helps researchers and practitioners to understand the various roles of suppliers and customers in value creation and to analyze opportunities for co-creation of value. Originality/value – The findings of this article challenge some of the salient propositions of the emerging service-dominant logic, i.e. customers as co-creators of value, and firms can only make value propositions. The role of marketing is reframed beyond its conventional borders. Keywords Marketing theory, Servicing www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09564231111106893 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the evolution of policies and practices of open innovation (OI) in China under globalization. Design/methodology/approach – This is a review paper. It combines historical archives and case study approaches, covering policies and practices at both the macro- and micro-levels. Findings – It is found that Chinese firms have in practice employed a variety of OI models since the reforms of science and technology systems in the mid-1980s. Policies introduced by the Chinese Government with respect to inbound and outbound OI, as well as policies encouraging OI networks, have encouraged Chinese firms to adopt various OI modes and practices. Some critical institutional challenges still need urgent attention and effective efforts to reinforce them. Originality/value – This paper aims to fill the gap in the literature by providing the first systematic review of the evolution of the policies and practices of OI in China, and exploring the implications for latecomer firms in building indigenous innovation capability. As far as the authors are aware, this is one of the first systematic review studies on OI policies and practices with a focus on emerging economies. Keywords China, Evolution, Government policy, Open innovation, Organizational innovation, Policies, Practices, Product innovation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17585521111167243 JSTPC JOSM Volume 2 Number 3, 2011, pp. 196-218 Editor: Jiang Yu Volume 22 Number 1, 2011, pp. 5-22 Editor: Jay Kandampully 81 Journal of Journal of Services Marketing Small Business and Enterprise Development Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A strategic response to the financial crisis: an empirical analysis of financial services advertising before and during the financial crisis Entrepreneurial learning in family business: a situated learning perspective Eleanor Hamilton Taejun (David) Lee Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK School of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute towards understanding how entrepreneurial learning might be understood as being socially situated, embedded in everyday practice in the context of family business. The study is framed by three main principles drawn from situated learning theory. First, the family and the business are examined as overlapping communities of practice, as sites of practice-based knowledge. Second, the concept of legitimate peripheral participation is explored in relation to members of the family business. Finally, how practice is both reproduced and transformed over time is examined in the context of two generations’ participation in a family business. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on an empirical study of two generations from five families, the founders of a business and their successors. The interview approach adopted phenomenological techniques. A thematic analysis identified conceptual frameworks to make sense of the data in a ‘‘quasi grounded’’ approach. Finally, the three main principles introduced from situated learning theory – communities of practice, legitimate peripheral participation, and cycles of reproduction and transformation provided a conceptual framework to analyse the empirical material. Research limitations/implications – This is an interpretive, qualitative study based on a small sample of families based in the North West of England. The findings are not intended to be generalised to a population, but to offer empirical insights that extend theoretical frameworks in order to better understand the entrepreneurial phenomenon. Practical implications – The experience of the second generation both in the family business and in overlapping contexts of learningin-practice brings innovation and change as well as continuity. The study also suggests that the complex process of succession might be informed by the understanding of the importance of the nature and extent of participation in the family business over time. Originality/value – This paper introduces conceptual frameworks that capture the social complexity of intergenerational entrepreneurial learning and contributes an empirical illustration of situated learning theory within the context of family business. The situated learning perspective contrasts with much of the existing entrepreneurial learning literature, which has tended to focus on ‘‘the entrepreneur’’ and individual learning processes. This study demonstrates that applying a learning lens brings theoretical insights to the study of family business. Keywords Employee participation, Entrepreneurialism, Family firms, Narratives, Workplace learning www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14626001111106406 Wonjun Chung Department of Communication, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA Ronald E. Taylor School of Advertising and Public Relations, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to investigate how the US financial services organizations (FSOs) provided marketing information and the way they strategically used various appeals through their advertising before and during the current financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach – This takes the form of a content analysis examining a total of 2,480 financial services ads (FSA) in print magazines within two periods – the two years before the crisis (2005 to 2006) and the two years during the crisis (2007 to 2008). Findings – This study showed three significant findings: because of the economic struggle, there was a significant decline across the two periods in the total number of yearly FSA; the economic crisis led to a significant increase in the use of informational message strategies across all FSOs; and financial value and atmospherics appeals were predominant after the crisis. However, each FSO used appeals in a different way. Research limitations/implications – This study focused on only print media. A future research project aimed at other traditional media such as television and new media such as the internet or weblogs could provide additional analysis of financial advertising strategies. Practical implications – The findings of this study suggest that FSOs may rely much more heavily on informational than on transformational approaches during an economic crisis. The findings may provide further valuable implications for non-profit institutions and international marketers. Originality/value – This study contributes in several ways to understanding of the strategic communicative reactions of FSOs during the crisis. Keywords Advertising, Financial services, Marketing strategy www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/08876041111129146 JSM JSBED Volume 25 Number 3, 2011, pp. 150-64 Editor: Charles L. Martin Volume 18 Number 1, 2011, pp. 8-26 Editor: Harry Matlay 82 Journal of Journal of Social Marketing Strategy and Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper An integrative model for social marketing Economic recessions, strategy, and performance: a synthesis R. Craig Lefebvre Scott Latham School of Public Health, University of South Florida, Sarasota, Florida, USA College of Management, Falmouth, University of Massachusetts-Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA Abstract Purpose – Social marketing has evolved differently in the developing and developed worlds, at times leading to different emphases on what social marketing thought and practice entail. This paper aims to document what those differences have been and provide an integrative framework to guide social marketers in working with significant social and health issues. Design/methodology/approach – An integration of views about social marketing is proposed that is focused on the core roles of audience benefits; analysis of behavioral determinants, context and consequences; the use of positioning, brand and personality in marketing strategy development; and use of the four elements of the marketing mix to tailor offerings, realign prices, increase access and opportunities; and communicate these in an evolving media environment. Findings – Ideas about branding and positioning, core strategic social marketing concerns, have been better understood and practiced in developing country settings. Social marketing in developing countries has focused much more on products and services, with a concomitant interest in pricing and distribution systems. In developed countries, social marketing has too often taken the 1P route of using persuasive communications for behavior change. The integrative framework calls for an expansion of social marketing to product and service development and delivery, using incentives and other behavioral economic concepts as part of the price element, and extending place as both an access and opportunity idea for behaviors, products and services. Practical implications – The framework pulls together social marketing ideas and practices from the diversity of settings in which they have been developed and allows practitioners and academics to use a common set of concepts to think about and design social marketing programs. The model also gives social marketers more latitude in how to use price and place in the design of programs. Finally, it also provides a platform for how we approach social change and public health in the years ahead through market-based reform. Originality/value – Five challenges to social marketing are identified – achieving equity, influence of social networks on behaviors, critical marketing, sustainability, scalability and the need for comprehensive programs – that may serve to focus and coalesce social marketing research and practice around the world. ww.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20426761111104437 Michael Braun Department of Management & Marketing, University of Montana-Missoula, Missoula, Montana, USA Abstract Purpose – Despite the episodic pervasiveness of recessions and their destructive impact on firms, a void exists in the management literature examining the intersection between recessions, strategy, and performance. This paper seeks directly to address this research void by reviewing relevant literature spanning the past 20 years and building an integrative framework for future research efforts. Design/methodology/approach – The paper systematically reviews and compartmentalizes articles on the intersection between firm strategy and economic recession published between 1991 and 2010 in widely recognized management and entrepreneurship journals. Concurrently, a theoretical framework is proposed which identifies distinct constructs and linkages related to economic recessions, strategy, and performance. Findings – The findings are twofold. First, the review distils disparate scholarly works on firm behavior and recessions to provide a systematic appraisal and review of what people know and do not know about managing firms through economic downturn. Second, the conceptual framework points to numerous opportunities to scholars interested in conducting research on this timely and important topic. Practical implications – The paper answers a call by scholars for research that fills a void on systematic diagnosis, prescription, or prophylaxis that can guide managers through recessions. Originality/value – This paper represents the only research initiative to systematically bring a comprehensive overview of firm strategy in the context of recessionary environments. In effect, it addresses the larger research question: ‘‘What do we know about the interplay between firm strategy and recession?’’ Keywords Business cycles, Recession, Performance management, Corporate strategy www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17554251111128592 JSOCM JSMA Volume 1 Number 1, 2011, pp. 54-72 Editors: Sharyn Rundle-Thiele and Andrew McAuley Volume 4 Number 2, 2011, pp. 96-115 Editors: Nicholas O’Regan and Abby Ghobadian 83 Journal of Journal of Systems and Information Technology Workplace Learning Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Contingent dynamics of IS strategic alignment in small and medium-sized enterprises Teamwork on the line can pay off down the line Annika Lantz Margi Levy Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden and Fritz Change AB, Stocksund, Sweden Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK Abstract Philip Powell Purpose – Employees’ work in innovation processes generates ideas, but more often it serves to create conditions so that new products or services can be effectively produced or delivered. Selforganizational activities involve proactively handling new possibilities, unexpected situations, problems or tasks. The aim of this paper is to provide support for a previously proposed model of the determinants of self-organizational activities in work groups. Design/methodology/approach – Three studies were conducted in organizations where self-organizational activities are welcomed, and in a nuclear plant where such can endanger safety. The results are based on work analysis (two studies) and questionnaires (all studies) administered to, in total, 104 work groups. The model was tested using LISREL. Findings – The model received substantial support. Dimensions of job design, group processes and group initiative are interrelated and connected to self-organizational activities. Job design captured by work analysis gives a better model fit and has a larger effect on selforganizational activities than self-assessed autonomy. Research limitations/implications – Five different studies with a relatively small number of groups is not a large sample, but the data could be merged. Practical implications – Teamwork can benefit the innovation process and give a return on the investment that it takes, providing that groups have a complex task, considerable freedom, and group processes that are characterized by reflectivity. A good argument for investing in teamwork is that it can promote self-organization. Employees learn to think outside the box and participate in processes that are important for innovation. Work analysis can give input as to how work conditions might be altered to enhance innovation processes. Job design has an effect on group processes that are crucial for learning the competence to handle change. Social implications – Detailed work analysis is worthwhile as it provides data regardless of how work conditions are perceived, and gives a solid base for proposing how the work should be designed if it is to support self-organization. Further, group processes that enhance group initiative and self-organizational activities are identified. Originality/value – The study gives further evidence that teamwork can benefit the innovation process and give a return on the investment that it takes, providing that groups have a complex work task, considerable freedom, and group processes that are characterized by reflexivity. Keywords Employees, Innovation, Organizational effectiveness, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13665621111108765 School of Business, Economics and Informatics, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK Philip Yetton Australian School of Business, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to understand how strategic information systems (IS) alignment takes place in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – The paper employs a qualitative and quantitative analysis of data from 27 cases. Findings – A contingent model allows re-interpretation of earlier findings that appear to be inconsistent. First, benefit realisation depends on alignment between IS and business strategies. Second, IS investment is frequently limited to supporting operations and transactions. Third, organizations with more sophisticated IS tend to perform less successfully than those with less complex systems, the greatest alignment and highest performance are reported for systems to improve efficiency, and organizations that adopt a lowcost approach are unlikely to use IS strategically. Research limitations/implications – The paper extends understanding of the contingent nature of SMEs’ investment in, and use of, IS, and of the effect of market position on IS management. It provides guidelines by describing the dominant paths to alignment. The limitations are that the SME sample is not random, the scoring protocols rely on author coding, whether the research identifies cycles of alignment, alternative interpretations of path hierarchy, and if an SME’s location uniquely defines its alignment path. Originality/value – Performance is a function of the alignment between IS strategy and other business domains. However, prior research has focused on outcomes, rather than the processes by which alignment is developed. Using multiple case data, this paper investigates alignment in SMEs, explaining why different SMEs follow different paths to alignment. Four paths are identified, with the path chosen contingent on an SME’s market position. Keywords Information systems, Small to medium-sized enterprises, Strategic alignment www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13287261111135963 JSIT JWL Volume 13 Number 2, 2011, pp. 106-24 Editor: Craig Standing Volume 23 Number 2, 2011, pp. 75-96 Editors: Sara Cervai and Tauno Kekäle 84 Kybernetes Leadership & Organization Development Journal The international journal of systems & cybernetics Norbert Wiener Award Named in memoriam and in recognition of the scientist who is regarded as the originator of the interscientific discipline of cybernetics. 1994 was the official centenary year. Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Organisations as emergent normative personalities: part 1, the concepts Artifacts, identification and support for change after an acquisition Maurice Yolles Sarah Kovoor-Misra Centre for the Creation of Coherent Change and Knowledge, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK Marlene A. Smith The Business School, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA Gerhard Fink Abstract Daniel Dauber Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the extent to which individuals’ identification with a changed organizational artifact is associated with their cognitive, behavioral, and affective support for change in the later stages of a change effort, and the role of contextual variables in mediating these relationships. Design/methodology/approach – Primarily quantitative with some qualitative data from an online organization that had acquired the non-personnel assets of its competitor. Findings – The paper finds that: artifacts can be an important part of employees’ perceptions of their organizations; artifact identification is associated with cognitive and behavioral support in the later stages of a change effort; a positive perception of the change mediates between identification and cognitive and behavioral support, and also facilitates affective support; emotional exhaustion is a marginal mediator; and trust towards top managers does not play a mediating role. Research limitations/implications – Future research could study the factors that influence artifact identification. Studies of support for change must address its various dimensions to more accurately assess support. Practical implications – During the later stages of change, managers can foster artifact identification, highlight the positives, and reduce emotional exhaustion to ensure support. Originality/value – This study is one of the first to examine the relationship between artifact identification and support for change in the later stages of a change effort, and the mediating role of contextual factors. In addition, it investigates the multi-dimensional aspects of support for change, an area that has received limited empirical research attention. Keywords Artifacts, Emotional exhaustion, Identification, Support for change, Trust www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01437731111161076 WU – Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria Abstract Purpose – Modelling the organisation to enable purposeful analysis and diagnosis of its ills is often problematic. This is illustrated by the unconnected non-synergistic plurality of organisational models each of which relates to a particular isolated frame of thought and purpose. A cybernetic approach is adopted to create a generic psychosocial model for the organisation that is used to characterise its emergent normative personality. Organisations are often complex, and seeing them in terms of their normative personality can reduce the complexity and enable a better understanding of their pathologies. This paper seeks to do two things. The first is to show that it is possible to set up a generic model of the organisation as an agency, and the second is to show that this same model can also be represented in the alternative terms of the emergent normative personality. In order to do this, an understanding of what it is that constitutes generic criteria is required. In addition, the paper shall show that organisational and personality theories can be connected generically. One of the consequences of the theory is that the patterns of behaviour which occur in an agency have underlying trait control processes. Design/methodology/approach – A meta-systemic view of the organisation is adopted through knowledge cybernetics that enables more flexibility and formality when viewing organisational models. The paper develops a formal generic model of the organisation that should facilitate the exploration of problem situations both theoretically and empirically. Findings – The outcome of the research formulates the cognitive processes of normative personality as a feasible way of explaining organisations and provide a capacity to analyse and predict the likelihood of their behavioural conduct and misconduct. As an agency trait model, agency explains the socio-cognitive aspects of selforganisation and the efficacy of connections between the traits. These traits control the personality, and inter-trait connections are Piagetian intelligences that orient the traits and work through forms of first- and second-order autopoiesis. The development of a typology of pathologies is also suggested as feasible. Originality/value – There are previous metaphorical notions that link agency with traits. Here, metaphor is extended to produce a formal model for the emergent normative personality. This is the first time that socio-cognitive and trait approaches are formally linked, as it is the fist time that a typology for organisational pathologies is proposed. Keywords Cybernetics, Knowledge, Modelling, Organizational behaviour, Pathology, Personality www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03684921111142223 K LODJ Volume 40 Number 5/6, 2011, pp. 635-69 Editor: Brian Howard Rudall Volume 32 Number 6, 2011, pp. 584-604 Editor: Marie McHugh 85 Leadership in Health Services Library Hi Tech Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Mentoring in the twenty-first century The Espresso Book Machine: a change agent for libraries Christine Bamford Kenning Arlitsch National Leadership and Innovation Agency for Healthcare in Wales (NLIAH), Pontyclun, UK J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to describe NHS Wales’ strategic intent to increase leadership capability through mentoring. The pressure on budgets and geography forced the adoption of a technology solution to reduce time away from the workplace and travel costs. Design/methodology/approach – The design was based on the following: reflective questioning; Kolb learning design and double loop learning; mentoring competences to facilitate self-assessment and personal development; blended use of face-to-face and technology devices; measurable impact on job; responsiveness to generational needs and social networking. Findings – The evaluation studies by Strathclyde University Business School indicated the following key findings: more e-mentoring should be available at all levels; gave opportunity for reflection despite pressures of work/life; increased skill sets; supported behavioural change and confidence; reduced time away from work and minimised travel; facilitated fluency with technology. Practical implications – Although the model was based on traditional learning models, the use of technology in mentoring was not well researched. The author and team undertook proof of concept trials as a practical way of generating own research material. Social implications – The paper delivers improvements to patient care. Originality/value – The e-mentoring concept has received many awards for technology innovation and originality. NHS Wales is able to put a monetary value on the reduced cost of delivering e-mentoring versus traditional. However, the real value is the increased skill sets for health care leaders/professionals and improvements to patient care. Keywords Leadership, Mentoring, National Health Service, Patient care, Wales www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17511871111125710 Abstract LHS LHT Volume 24 Number 2, 2011, pp. 150-63 Editors: Jennifer Bowerman and Jo Lamb-White Volume 29 Number 1, 2011, pp. 62-72 Editor: Michael Seadle Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the disruptive implications of the Espresso Book Machine on library user services, collection development, and special collections. Design/methodology/approach – The approach takes into account various published articles and online statements to help articulate and support the arguments. Findings – Library users can derive immediate benefit from a machine that prints books for them in only a few minutes. The EBM’s impact on collection development in libraries may change a decades-old model of speculative buying to one of buying on demand. The EBM can also help libraries bring high-quality facsimiles of their unique special collections books to the public, and perhaps even generate a revenue stream that might offset costs. Originality/value – This is an original article that draws on other published and unpublished research and opinion articles. Keywords Collections management, Digital libraries www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07378831111116903 86 Library Hi Tech News Library Management Outstanding Paper The Alexander Wilson Award Named after Alexander Wilson, Director-General of the British Library Reference Division from 1980 until his retirement in 1986. Before that he was Director of Cheshire Libraries and Museums, and Director of Libraries and Cultural Services in Dudley and Coventry. The Wellcome Digital Library: building a sustainable infrastructure Christy Henshaw Programme Manager at Wellcome Library, London, UK Outstanding Paper Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the Wellcome Digital Library infrastructure project. Design/methodology/approach – The Wellcome Library is using existing systems together with the procurement of new systems to build a sustainable infrastructure that will enable the management and delivery of tens of millions of images. Findings – The project is in its beginning stages, and this paper outlines how the Library will proceed, and the founding principles on which the development will take place. Research limitations/implications – The project is in the early stages, so this paper sets out the current plans, which will be realised during 2010-2012 and beyond. Practical implications – The goal of the project described in this paper is to make the Library’s holdings more accessible not only to the core research audience for history of medicine, but for learning and discovery across a broader range of users. Originality/value – This project represents a new direction for the Wellcome Library, and although tailored to the Wellcome Library’s environment, goals and working practices, it aims to demonstrate good practice in the development of a digital library infrastructure. Keywords Digital libraries, History, Library systems, Medical sciences www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/07419051111130394 Libraries as places of invention Annie Talvé Project SISU, Ashfield, Australia Abstract Purpose – During the mid-1990s, it was predicted that the library as physical place was doomed. A dualism emerged – the virtual library vs library as place – and it was assumed that the virtual library would prove to be the most popular. In 1995, the State Library of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, produced four scenarios presenting alternative library futures in the twenty-first century, specifically the year 2010. Only one of these scenarios predicted a reinterpretation and corresponding revitalisation of ‘‘library as place’’. The author initiated and led this process in 1995 and revisited these scenarios in 2010 with a view to comparing current practices in library design with the attributes described in this lone scenario; the aim of this paper is to focus on this scenario. Design/methodology/approach – Library leaders in Australia, many of whom participated in the 1995 scenario development process, are interviewed, along with a number of architects specialising in contemporary library design. This qualitative process is complemented by an international literature search. Three library sectors are surveyed – collecting institutions, academic and public libraries. Findings – Fifteen years on the dualism between virtual and physical is less stark; a convergence has occurred that would have been unthinkable then. A hybrid has emerged with digital and placebased notions of a library holding equal currency. Interviewees confirm that ‘‘library as place’’ has never been so popular. This trend is international and emerges from the inter-weaving of the digital, social and aesthetic that has generated new loci for solitary and collective learning and interaction. Originality/value – The paper asks questions about what has happened to unsettle predictions conceived in the mid-1990s; what is happening now in terms of new modes of learning and knowledge exchange; and what kind of library spaces and uses can be expected in the future. Keywords Australia, Change management, Knowledge creation, Libraries, Library design, Scenario planning www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01435121111187860 LHTN LM Volume 28 Number 1, 2011, pp. 18-21 Editors: Martin A. Kesselman and Laura Bowering Mullen Volume 32 Number 8/9, 2011, pp. 493-504 Editor: Steve O’Connor 87 Library Review Management Decision R.D. MacLeod Award Outstanding Paper Named after Library Review’s founding editor, Robert Duncan MacLeod (1885-1973). He founded Library Review in 1927 and remained editor until 1964, solely responsible for its establishment and development during those 36 years, encouraging many up-and-coming librarians, as well as publishing material from many of the profession’s prominent names. Globalization of performance appraisals: theory and applications Steven H. Appelbaum John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada Michel Roy Outstanding Paper St-Laurent, Canada Effective public library outreach to homeless people Terry Gilliland Peter Willett Abstract Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide a more complete perspective regarding the ‘‘best practices’’ for performance appraisals of ‘‘distant’’ employees in global organizations. Design/methodology/approach – A range of published works (1998-2009) on multinational corporations and performance appraisals was reviewed. The literature was used to determine human resource challenges associated with globalization as well as the types of performance appraisals, common pitfalls and elements for improvement of appraisal systems. Concepts were then combined to determine the ‘‘best practices’’ for performance appraisal in a global setting. Finally, a small questionnaire consisting of six questions was constructed and sent to managers in two companies in the health care industry meeting the criteria of having ‘‘distant’’ employees. The questions were open-ended in order to allow for a variety of responses enabling the researchers to view trends and make comparisons with the literature. Findings – Adequate training must be provided to both the appraiser and the appraisee in order to avoid the many rating errors that are common in performance appraisal. Training should include cultural, legal and customer differences by country providing managers with the tools to improve on the process. Managers must also be given the opportunity to build the required relationship with these employees. Research limitations/implications – A questionnaire was sent to several key managers in two complex pharmaceutical firms meeting the criteria with responses received. Further empirical research on the best practices of performance appraisal for distant employees in global organizations should be pursued. Practical implications – This article provides a source of information on what practices are followed in order to support the performance appraisal of ‘‘distant’’ employees in different parts of the world. Originality/value – There is limited literature dealing with ‘‘distant’’ employee performance appraisal in global organizations and this article attempts to fill this gap. Keywords Best practice, Globalization, Multinational companies, Performance appraisal, Workplace training www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00251741111126495 Locweld Inc., Montreal, Canada Rebecca Broadley Latymer Upper School, London, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify good practice in conducting outreach for homeless people, and hence to provide recommendations for future library outreach projects. Design/methodology/approach – The authors examine of four case studies taken from the library literature, and conduct six semistructured interviews with outreach and/or inclusion librarians from library authorities in South and West Yorkshire. Findings – The recommendations include: developing partnerships with relevant organisations; removing proof-of-identity requirements for joining the library; disseminating the results obtained in projects; using book deposits and mobile library stops; training library staff to ensure that they are aware of relevant issues; building trust in the target audience; ensuring that outreach is tailored to the specific needs of different groups of homeless people; and using a range of methods to evaluate project effectiveness. Originality/value – Identification of themes common to the published case studies and to the interviews provides a reasoned basis for the recommendations that are presented. These recommendations provide, for the first time in the UK, clear guidelines for future outreach projects for homeless people. Keywords Homeless people, Inclusion, Outreach, Public libraries, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00242531111166692 LR MD Volume 60 Number 8, 2011, pp. 658-70 Editor: Judith Broadby-Preston Volume 49 Number 4, 2011, pp. 570-85 Editor: Domingo Ribeiro 88 Management of Environmental Quality Management Research An International Journal The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Environmental assessment and sustainable management options of leachate and landfill gas treatment in Estonian municipal waste landfills Compensation framing and the risk-taking behavior of the CEO: testing the influence of alternative reference points Viktoria Voronova Martin Larraza-Kintana Institute of Environmental Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia Universidad Publica De Navarra, Pamplona, Spain Harri Moora Department of Management, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA Luis R. Gomez-Mejia Stockholm Environment Institute, Tallinn Office, Tallinn, Estonia Robert M. Wiseman Enn Loigu Eli Broad School of Business, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Institute of Environmental Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to analyze how compensation framing influences the risk-taking behavior of the firm’s chief executive officer (CEO), and the mediating role played by risk bearing. Design/methodology/approach – The study employs a sample of 108 US firms that issued an initial public offering in 1993, 1994 and 1995. Data from a survey filled out by the CEO of the firm are completed with secondary information. A structural equation model is estimated which explicitly considers the mediating effect of risk bearing on the compensation framing-risk taking relationship. Findings – The analyses indicate that while the performance targets included in the CEO’s compensation contract indirectly influence the riskiness of the CEO’s strategic decisions through its influence on the employment risk component of executive risk bearing, the level of compensation relative to peers does not. It shows that not all reference points are equally relevant in determining the CEO’s willingness to take risk, nor do all the elements of risk bearing play the same role in that partial mediation. Research limitations/implications – The paper provides a refinement of previous work on modelling the risk-taking behavior of managers. Practical implications – The paper provides a guideline to think about the behavioral consequences of the pay level in the market for executives and the performance targets included in the compensation contracts. Originality/value – The paper proposes and tests a model on how different reference points used to frame compensation influence CEO risk taking. It also provides the first test of a central proposition of the behavioral agency model: risk bearing partially mediates the influence of compensation framing on risk taking. Keywords Assunção de risco, Compensação, Performance management, Retribución, Riesgo asumindo, Risk taking www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/1536-541111131656 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare various landfill gas (LFG) and leachate treatment technologies in a life-cycle perspective. Design/methodology/approach – Since a landfill causes emissions for a very long-time period, life-cycle-based environmental assessment was carried out to compare different technological options for sustainable leachate treatment and LFG collection and utilization. WAMPS, the lifecycle assessment (LCA) model for waste management planning, was used for the environmental assessment of selected leachate and LFG treatment technologies. Findings – Results of both direct measurements in the studied landfills and LCA support the fact that leachate treatment with reverse osmosis has the best environmental performance compared to aerobic-activated sludge treatment. Recently, the collection efficiency of LFG in the studied landfills is relatively low. In order to improve the overall environmental performance of LFG management the gas collection rate should be improved. LFG utilisation for energy recovery is an essential part of the system. The results of the study show that the avoided impacts of energy recovery can be even greater than direct impacts of greenhouse gas emissions from landfills. Therefore, measures which combine LFG collection with energy generation should be preferred to treatment in flare. Research limitations/implications – It should be noted that the results of this study do not express the total environmental impacts of the entire landfill system, but only the eutrophicating impacts and global warming related to the studied leachate and LFG management options. Therefore, it is recommended that further LCAs investigate also other relevant impact categories. Practical implications – The results of LCA modelling show that it is important to ensure the highest collection and treatment efficiency of leachate and LFG, since poor capture compromises the overall environmental performance of a landfill. Originality/value – The paper provides a site-specific data on sustainable leachate and LFG management in selected Estonian conventional municipal solid waste landfills. As such, the paper contributes to the development of the regional reference input data for LCA in waste management. Keywords Estonia, Landfill gas, Leachate, Life cycle assessment, Municipal solid waste, Pollutant gases, Sustainable landfilling, Waste management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14777831111170876 MEQ MRJIAM Volume 22 Number 6, 2011, pp. 787-802 Editor: Walter Leal Filho Volume 9 Number 1, 2011, pp. 32-55 Editor: Rita Campos e Cunha 89 Management Research Review Managerial Auditing Journal Outstanding Paper Dr Larry Sawyer Award New venture strategies and performance in a catching-up economy: identifying a strategic typology and trajectory through case studies Named after the ‘‘grandfather’’ figure of internal auditing. He is the author of countless articles and has written Sawyer’s Internal Auditing, a text which is globally used and respected. formerly Management Research News Ioanna Deligianni Outstanding Paper Irini Voudouris Department of Management Science and Technology, Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece Effects of ethical context and Machiavellianism on attitudes toward earnings management in China Abstract William E. Shafer Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore both the strategy types and strategic growth trajectories of new ventures and examine the relationship between these trajectories and new venture performance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses evidence from six case studies of Greek high technology new ventures over a lengthy time frame. The longitudinal research design of the study allowed for the complexities of the growth phenomenon to be captured in an effective and efficient manner. Findings – Based on an integrative three-dimensional framework of new venture strategies, four strategy types are identified. At a static level, evidence suggests that the more strategic dimensions are emphasised in a venture strategy, the more balanced the venture’s strategic position and thus, the higher its performance. With respect to the venture’s dynamic trajectories, among all possible alternatives, it was found that two are the most successful. The first secures growth through focusing first on a specific innovative product/service in the domestic market and then expanding in the global market. The second secures growth through focusing first on a specific innovative product/service in the global market and then expanding the venture product scope. Research limitations/implications – The findings imply that the product and geographic dimensions of new venture strategies are the main performance differentiators, while the innovativeness dimension is a sine qua non of new ventures growth and performance. Implications for theory, business practice and policy making are discussed. Originality/value – The paper contributes to knowledge in the area of new venture growth by developing a strategic typology in a catching-up economy, where little research can be found. Keywords Greece, New venture strategies, Organizational performance, Strategic trajectories www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01409171111146652 Department of Accountancy, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong, China Zhihong Wang Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Chinese industry accountants’ perceptions of the ethical context in their organization and Machiavellianism on attitudes toward earnings management. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a survey of professional accountants employed by companies in Mainland China. Findings – The results indicate that perceptions of a strong organizational emphasis on serving the public interest (benevolent/ cosmopolitan climate) significantly reduced professional accountants’ willingness to condone accounting earnings management. Professionally certified accountants also judged accounting earnings management more harshly. Consistent with our expectations, high Machiavellians judged earnings management more leniently, although this effect was only marginally significant in the case of accounting earnings management. In contrast to prior studies of earnings management in the USA, the participants judged accounting earnings management more leniently, but judged operating earnings management more harshly. Originality/value – This is the first study to document that an organizational emphasis on serving the public interest can restrain aggressive behavior among industry accountants. Claims of serving the public interest in accounting have traditionally focused on the role of the independent auditor in protecting the public from misleading financial reporting. The results indicate that appeals to public interest obligations also have resonance for professional accountants in industry. The fact that certified accountants were less tolerant of accounting earnings management also has important implications, demonstrating the practical value of professional certification programs and their associated training and socialization processes. The contrast observed between the ethical judgments of our Chinese participants and US accountants surveyed in previous studies raises important questions for further research. Keywords Accountants, China, Earnings, Ethics www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02686901111129553 MAJ MRR Volume 26 Number 5, 2011, pp. 372-92 Editors: Barry J. Cooper, Philomena Leung and Nonna Martinov-Bennie Volume 34 Number 7, 2011, pp. 732-53 Editor: Joseph Sarkis 90 Managerial Finance Managing Service Quality An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Intra-industry conformity in dividend policy The influence of active and passive customer behavior on switching in customer relationships Tom Van Caneghem Hogeschool-Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium and Antwerp Management School, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium Inger Roos Walter Aerts Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden Anders Gustafsson University of Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium Abstract Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between active/passive customer behavior and loyalty (responses to switching triggers) in customer relationships. Design/methodology/approach – A longitudinal study (seven years) is undertaken of the roles of various triggers and active/ passive customers in analyzing the processes that lead to customers changing their service provider in the context of the Swedish telecommunications retail industry. Findings – Triggers affect customers’ evaluations of service in different ways and cause varying kinds of behavior, depending on whether the customers are active or passive in their customer relationships. Originality/value – The study offers new insights into the difference between active and passive customers, which facilitates the design of loyalty-enhancing communications between providers and their customers. Keywords Active and passive customers, Conscious and unconscious thoughts, Consumer behaviour, Customer relations, Sensitivity in customer relationships, Stability in customer relationships, Sweden, Triggers www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09604521111159771 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of intraindustry conformity tendencies on dividend policy among a large sample of US firms. Design/methodology/approach – The paper explores mimetic influences on dividend policy. Consistent with prior institutional research, the paper measures mimetic pressures as institutional prevalence or the pervasiveness of a feature of dividend policy within a firm’s relevant environment. Findings – The results reveal a significantly positive relationship between the lagged density of firms in the industry that pay a dividend and the probability of a focal firm paying a dividend. Moreover, for firms paying a dividend, results indicate that higher similarity in dividend payout among firms in the same industry induces more conformity between a focal firm and average industry practice. Overall, results are consistent with imitation in dividend policy. Research limitations/implications – The results support the view that future research on dividend policy should value social and behavioral factors more explicitly in order to arrive at a more overall and consistent explanation of firms’ dividend policy. Moreover, the results also illustrate the relevance of alternative theories in explaining dividend policy. Practical implications – The results show that intra-industry benchmarking of dividend policy plays a significant role in the USA. Originality/value – This study documents the relevance of social imitation mechanisms behind dividend payout behavior and therefore adds to the current knowledge of the impact of behavioral processes on dividend policy. Keywords Dividends, Organizational theory, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03074351111134718 MF MSQ Volume 37 Number 6, 2011, pp. 492-516 Editor: Don T. Johnson Volume 21 Number 5, 2011, pp. 448-64 Editors: Chatura Ranaweera and Marianna Sigala 91 Marketing Intelligence & Planning Measuring Business Excellence Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper The value of historical nostalgia for marketing management Longitudinal research into factors of high performance: the follow-up case of Nabil Bank Christopher Marchegiani André de Waal Ian Phau Miriam Frijns School of Marketing, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia Maastricht School of Management, Maastricht, The Netherlands Abstract Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to examine the effect of three levels of historical nostalgia on respondents’ cognitions, attitude towards the advert, attitude toward the brand, and purchase intention. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 292 respondents exposed to broadcast-style advertising containing nostalgic cues completed a measure of historical nostalgia, a thought-collection exercise, and measures of attitudes and intention. Hypotheses are tested using ANOVA and other relevant analyses. Findings – The findings show that historical nostalgic thoughts and the valence of cognitive reactions significantly improve when respondents experience a moderate or high level of historical nostalgia compared with a low level. However, no significant benefit is evident when moving from a moderate to a high level. Brand and message-related thoughts did not significantly change. Attitude towards the brand is significantly improved only if respondents reach a high level of historical reaction. Attitudes towards the advert and purchase intentions however continue to significantly improve at each increasing level of historical nostalgia. Practical implications – Increased predictive capabilities of managers utilising historical nostalgia in the marketplace are achieved, specifically relating to consumers experiencing varying levels of historical nostalgia and the expected cognitive, attitudinal and purchase intent reactions. The study provides relevant implications for advertisers and creative directors to ensure the appropriate intensity of historical nostalgia is elicited. Originality/value – No prior empirical studies on the effect of varying levels of historical nostalgia on consumer responses have been conducted. This is the first paper to close this gap. Keywords Advertising, Attitudes, Brands, Cognition, Marketing, Nostalgia www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02634501111117575 Purpose – There is a real need for longitudinal research into the factors that cause or contribute to sustainable high organisational performance. Especially in Asia there has not been much research into this topic. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether paying dedicated attention to the factors that were found during previous research to determine the sustainable success of a highperformance organisation (HPO) in Asia would result in sustainable increased organisational performance. Design/methodology/approach – Nabil Bank, the case company to which the high performance framework was applied, was visited one year later to evaluate whether its performance had improved after taking into account the improvements that originated from the first research. Findings – Although Nabil Bank’s financial performance had improved, the increase in HPO results was not so great. Possible explanations for this are that there is a perception gap between management and employees with regard to the improvements achieved, and the fact that Nabil Bank has continued with implementing improvement actions that are already under way, while not starting additional ones specifically targeted at improving the HPO factors. Alternatively, it can be stated that, if the transition to an HPO takes on average three to five years, an improvement per year of 0.3 to 0.5 points is viable. In this light Nabil Bank is definitely on its way to becoming an HPO but it seems to be taking the ‘‘slow road’’. Practical implications – The research results show that dedicated attention has to be paid to the HPO factors in order to take full advantage of them. Originality/value – This is the first longitudinal research into the factors that determine sustainable high performance in Asian organisations. Keywords Banking, Company performance, Competitive advantage, Sustainable development www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13683041111113213 MIP MBE Volume 29 Number 2, 2011, pp. 108-22 Editor: Gillian H. Wright Volume 15 Number 1, 2011, pp. 4-19 Editors: Jos van Iwaarden and Giovanni Schiuma 92 Meditari Accountancy Research Mental Health and Social Inclusion Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Developing the relevance of the accounting academy: the importance of drawing from the diversity of research approaches Addressing the impact of social exclusion on mental health in Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller communities Jane Broadbent Annie Yin-Har Lau University of Roehampton, London, UK Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Abingdon, UK Jeffrey Unerman Michael Ridge Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK Haringey Travelling People’s Team at Haringey Council, London, UK Abstract Abstract Purpose – One of the most important considerations in any research project is a compelling research question, the addressing of which will produce socially and/or economically relevant and beneficial insights based on high-quality evidence. The purpose of this paper is to explain that each possible research question requires use of the particular research methods that will produce the high-quality evidence relevant to that question, with the nature of the evidence and the methods required varying from research question to research question. Design/methodology/approach – This discussion paper explores and explains the role and function of interpretive accounting research advocates its adoption. Findings – As the research method needs to be suited to the research question, any restriction imposed on the credible research methods that are considered acceptable severely limits the ability of the accounting academy to serve the needs of society and the economy by addressing the broadest possible range of research questions. From this perspective it is vital for academics to recognize that both positivist/quantitative and interpretive/qualitative methods produce high-quality credible research evidence. Research limitations/implications – Any preconceptions within a nation’s accounting academy over the unacceptability of either positivist or interpretive research will damage the health and relevance of that academy in the longer term. Originality/value – The paper argues that both positivist and interpretivist research are needed, drawing on notions of subjectivity, objectivity and inter-subjectivity in the context of the social construction of both accounting information and research data, and in the context of the socially constructing nature of research evidence. Keywords Accountancy research, Interpretive accounting research, Intersubjectivity, Methodological diversity, Skills, Social construction www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10222521111178600 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the impact of social exclusion on mental health in Gypsy, Roma, and Traveller (GRT) communities and make suggestions for services needed to address it. The context of significant financial cuts in public sector budgets in the UK and change in the commissioning landscape mean there are significant risks of these vulnerable communities falling even further behind. Design/methodology/approach – The authors, both currently engaged in clinical practice, draw on mental health and social work perspectives to review key areas in which social exclusion impacts on the life chances of members of GRT communities. Some examples of good current provision are included as is a case study which illustrates the problematic social context in contemporary relations between traditional Gypsy/Travellers and the settled community, and the impact on family life. Findings – Research findings from contemporary studies are cited, which show members of these communities suffer significant inequalities in all health and social spheres. Research limitations/implications – The GRT communities have not been listed in census categories until this year (2011). Social implications – The paper will hopefully contribute to raising public awareness, and support members of the community in participation in policy and decision making. Originality/value – This paper arises out of interdisciplinary collaboration between a psychiatrist and a social worker with the support of the voluntary sector. The discussion highlights the gaps in commissioning arrangements and hitherto poor support for health and social care needs of the GRT communities. Keywords Psychological aversion to housing, Social bonding capital, Mental health, Social exclusion, Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities, Social isolation, Communities www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20428301111165717 MEDAR MHSI Volume 19 Number 1/2, 2011, pp. 7-21 Editor: Elmar Venter Volume 15 Number 3, 2011, pp. 129-37 Editor: Adam Pozner 93 Mental Health Review Journal Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper La femme fatale: the female psychopath in fiction and clinical practice Modeling of plated through hole reliability and performance Caroline Logan Gilad Sharon Consultant Forensic Clinical Psychologist in the Greater Manchester West Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK and is also based at the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Donald Barker Abstract Abstract Purpose – Literature and legend features many dangerous female characters. However, in fiction (and in film), it is the male psychopath who dominates. In the scientific literature, research into psychopathy in men also dominates. Studies of the nature and treatment of this severe personality disorder in women are sparse and little is known or agreed about its presentation in this group. Consequently, psychopathy is not routinely assessed in women and the harmful potential of some can be overlooked leading to failures in the management of risk, especially towards partners and children. The purpose of this paper is to explore how psychopathic women manifest the traits of their disorder compared to men. Design/methodology/approach – This paper focuses on the representation of women in fiction who appear to demonstrate psychopathic traits. Several relevant works of fiction will be identified but three texts are described in detail and their female characters and storylines explored. Findings – Gender differences and practice implications are highlighted. Specifically, the paper explores the nuanced ways in which women execute their harmful conduct on others and their most likely relationships with the victims of their aggression; comparisons with men are drawn throughout. Further, comparisons are drawn between the psychopathic female characters created by men and women writers. Practical implications – The study of psychopathic women in fiction is an invaluable adjunct to empirical research as a way of understanding the phenomenology of psychopathy in this group. Originality/value – This paper is the first to examine the representation of psychopathic women in fiction and to propose the value of fiction in the study of this particular group of clients. Keywords Fiction, Gender, La femme fatale, Personality disorder, Psychopathy, Women www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13619321111178078 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate modeling of the reliability characteristics of the copper (Cu) used in plated through holes (PTHs) for electrical connections across printed circuit boards (PCBs). Design/methodology/approach – Assessments of the Cu damage in the first three reflow cycles are performed using finite element analysis. A two-dimensional axi-symmetric model of a PTH on a laminate board is validated against a three-dimensional full model and test cases. Stress and strain measurements in the inner ring of the PTH are obtained in numerical simulations. Findings – Loads applied after the reflow cycles contribute to subsequent mechanical disconnects. Reliability assessments relying on undamaged circuits are less accurate than estimates incorporating Cu damage following three reflow cycles. Originality/value – In order to increase the accuracy of PCB reliability predictions significantly, prior-to-use damage should be calculated. In this paper, a modification to the reliability analysis is proposed. Keywords Finite element, Lead-free, Modelling, Plated through hole, Printed-circuit boards, Reflow, Reliability www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/1536-540911178261 MHRJ MMMS Volume 16 Number 3, 2011, pp. 118-27 Editors: Mark Freestone, Chiara Samele and Nicola Wright Volume 7 Number 3, 2011, pp. 306-17 Editors: Zhufeng Yue, Heng Xiao and Xiao-Ping Zhang Department of Mechanical and Reliability Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA 94 Multinational Business Review Nankai Business Review International Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Gravity, the English language and international business Leader political skill and team performance: a moderated mediation model Walid Hejazi Jun Liu Juan Ma Wei Wang Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Kun-peng Cao School of Business, Renmin University of China, Beijing, People’s Republic of China Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test the merits of the view that the English language has emerged as the dominant language in international business. If there is merit to this view, then the ability to speak English and its role as a lingua franca in the global economy would imply that countries which have English as an official language should have a benefit over non-English-speaking countries vis-à-vis their abilities to undertake international business. Design/methodology/approach – Within an augmented gravity model framework, the importance of the English language in explaining bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI) data within the OECD is tested. In addition to English, all other common official languages within the OECD are also tested. Furthermore, the linguistic distance to English is used to test whether closeness of languages to English enhance international business activity. Findings – The results indicate that English-speaking countries within the OECD do have a benefit that comes with the English language. Furthermore, countries whose official languages are linguistically close to English benefit from the special role played by the English language. These results therefore highlight the importance of the English language in deploying multinational strategies, even in countries whose official language is not English. Research limitations/implications – These results therefore indicate the importance of the English language in international business. As such, having a proficiency with English within any corporation should enhance that corporation’s ability to engage in international business. Originality/value – Sharing a common language with FDI partners enhances the ability to communicate, and hence enhances FDI between the countries. This paper extends this evidence to show that when the common language is English, the common language effect is strongest. Keywords FDI, Gravity model, International business, Language www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/15253831111149780 Abstract Purpose – Drawing on the political theory of leadership and the input-process-output model the purpose of this paper is to examine the link between leader political skill and team performance by focusing on the mediating role of team communication and the moderating role of team task interdependence. Design/methodology/approach – The authors collected three waves of data from 80 teams across four business units and employed hierarchical regression modeling and the moderated path analysis approach suggested by Edwards and Lambert to test the moderated mediation model. Findings – Leader political skill was found to positively influence team performance via promoting the quality of team communication. Moreover, team task interdependence moderates the relationship between leader political skill and team communication, such that the relationship is stronger when team task interdependence is high rather than low. Research limitations/implications – First, the paper adopts the measuring scales developed in the western organizational context to investigate the relations and phenomena existing in the Chinese organizational context. Future research should adopt the indigenous measuring scales to investigate the relations and phenomena existing in the Chinese organizational context. Second, both political skill and team performance were reported by the team leader, which might lead to common source bias. Future research should allow team members to rate leaders’ political skill and the team leaders’ supervisors to provide evaluation of team performance. Practical implications – Owing to its importance to team performance, political skill is one of the critical skills that leaders should make efforts to develop. When companies recruit leaders for work teams, they should put more attention on the political skills of the candidates. Moreover, companies should cultivate a cooperative team climate to facilitate team communication. Originality/value – Although Ahearn et al. suggested that leader political skill has positive effect on team performance, they did not empirically examine the specific process and mechanism through which the positive effect occurs. This study argues team communication is a critical mechanism that bridges leader political skill and team operations and outcomes as well. The study adopts longitudinal research design and collects multi-source data to test the authors’ model. The study also complements past research by investigating both the mediating and moderating mechanisms in the leader political-team performance linkage. Keywords Communication skills, Leadership, Team leaders, Team performance, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20408741111113475 MBR NBRI Volume 19 Number 2, 2011, pp. 152-67 Editors: Alan M. Rugman and Seung H. Kim Volume 2 Number 1, 2010, pp. 5-22 Editor: Wei’an Li 95 New Library World Nutrition & Food Science Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Canadian academic libraries and the mobile web Dietary approaches for polycystic ovary syndrome Robin Canuel Antoine G. Farhat Humanities and Social Sciences Library, McGill University, Montreal, Canada Marisa B. Mansour Chad Crichton Remi W. Attieh Notre Dame University, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon University of Toronto Scarborough Library, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive summary of the effect of different dietary approaches on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design/methodology/approach – This review represents the history of PCOS, the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It also includes up-to-date research articles on different types of diets that have been shown some promising effects in the treatment of PCOS. Findings – PCOS is nowadays considered the most common endocrine abnormality, with a range of 4-12 per cent of women affected by the syndrome. It has been proven that diet, in addition to exercise and medication, plays an important role in the treatment of PCOS. The proper dietary approach for women with PCOS should focus on the PCOS symptoms and also improve weight loss, increase fertility, and decrease risks of cardiovascular diseases. Originality/value – This paper provides accessible and comprehensive information on PCOS (since its discovery in 1935) to researchers, nutritionists, and women with PCOS who are interested in the effect of the diet on PCOS management. Keywords Cardiovascular disease, Diet, Fertility, PCOS treatment, Polycystic ovary syndrome www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00346651111170923 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess how Canadian academic libraries have responded to the rapidly evolving mobile environment and to identify gaps in the services provided, while suggesting areas for future development. Design/methodology/approach – The paper conducted an examination of the mobile content and services provided by the libraries of the member institutions of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada (AUCC). Based on this examination, the paper describes the current state of mobile librarianship in Canadian academic libraries. A review of the literature places the investigation in its broader context. Findings – Only 14 percent of AUCC libraries currently advertise some type of mobile web presence, with mobile web sites being prevalent over downloadable apps. Examples of content and services are highlighted to illustrate current trends and to provide insight into future directions for developing mobile services. Practical implications – This study raises awareness of the importance of mobile technology for academic libraries and the need to address the lack of mobile content and services provided by most Canadian post-secondary institutions. The paper also identifies best practices exhibited by the surveyed libraries. Originality/value – This is the first exploration of this type into how academic libraries in Canada have responded to the mobile environment. The value of this research is in helping libraries identify and address shortcomings in the mobile content and services they provide, and in highlighting efforts by libraries to address their users’ needs in this area. Keywords Academic libraries, Applications, Canada, Mobile communication systems, Mobile networks, Web sites www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03074801111117014 NLW NFS Volume 112 Number 3/4, 2011, pp. 107-20 Editor: Linda Ashcroft Volume 41 Number 5, 2011, pp. 326-43 Editor: Mabel Blades 96 OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives On The Horizon Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper How to choose a free and open source integrated library system Online social networks and learning Christine Greenhow Tristan Müller Assistant Professor of Learning Sciences and Technology in the College of Education and College of Information Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Fondation pour une Bibliothéque Globale, Québec, Canada Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to present the results of an analysis of 20 free and open source ILS platforms offered to the library community. These software platforms were subjected to a threestep analysis, whereby the results aim to assist librarians and decision makers in selecting an open source ILS, based on objective criteria. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology applied involves three broad steps. The first step consists of evaluating all the available ILSs and keeping only those that qualify as truly open source or freely-licensed software. During this step, the correlation between the practices within the community and the terms associated with the free or open software license was measured. The second step involves evaluating the community behind each open source or free ILS project, according to a set of 40 criteria in order to determine the attractiveness and sustainability of each project. The third step entails subjecting the remaining ILSs to an analysis of almost 800 functions and features to determine which ILSs are most suited to the needs of libraries. The final score is used to identify strengths, weaknesses and differentiating or similar features of each ILS. Findings – More than 20 open source ILSs were submitted to this methodology, but only three passed all the steps: Evergreen, Koha, and PMB. The main goal is not to identify the best open source ILS, but rather to highlight from which, of the batch of dozens of open source ILSs, librarians and decision makers can choose without worrying about how perennial or sustainable each open or free project is, as well as understanding which ILS provides them with the functionalities to meet the needs of their institutions. Practical implications – This paper offers a basic model so that librarians and decision makers can make their own analysis and adapt it to the needs of their libraries. Originality/value – This methodology meets the best practices in technology selection, with a multiple criteria decision analysis. It can also be easily adapted to the needs of all libraries. Keywords Computer software, Libraries, Library systems www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10650751111106573 Abstract OCLC OTH Volume 27 Number 1, 2011, pp. 57-78 Editor: Bradford Lee Eden Volume 19 Number 1, 2011, pp. 4-12 Editor: Tom P. Abeles Purpose – This viewpoint essay seeks to argue that young people’s online social networking can serve as sites for and supports for student learning in ways not currently assessed. Design/methodology/approach – The two themes presented are based on a select review of the research literature as well as the author’s explorations of young people’s online social networking practices within MySpace and Facebook, two naturally occurring, youth-initiated sites, as well as in an online social networking application designed for environmental science education and civic action. Findings – Two themes are presented: (1) social network sites can serve as direct and indirect supports for learning, such as providing an emotional outlet for school-related stress, validation of creative work, peer-alumni support for school-life transitions, and help with school-related tasks; and (2) online social networking can stimulate social and civic benefits, online and offline, which has implications for education. Practical implications – Currently, social media are largely blocked in schools due to privacy, security, and copyright concerns. In the USA, the National Educational Technology Plan published in November 2010, and recent educational standards, both assume 24/7 access and use of newer web technologies for learning and advocate appropriation of technologies students already use, and prefer to use, for educational purposes. Consideration of how social media, such as social network sites, currently support informal learning may advance one’s ability to construct effective social media-enabled environments for more formal learning purposes. Originality/value – This paper presents concrete examples of how social network sites, typically seen as a distraction, might be re-envisioned as supports for revised student learning outcomes. Keywords Learning, Literacy, Social interaction, Social networking sites www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10748121111107663 97 Pacific Accounting Review Performance Measurement and Metrics Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Accounting choice, market failure, and regulation: consolidated accounting adoption in New Zealand, 1946-1957 Two pupil-centred approaches to the assessment of school libraries Andrew K. Shenton Michael G. Keenan Department of Accounting and Finance, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand Formerly of School of Computing, Engineering and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Abstract Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explain the adoption of consolidated accounting for New Zealand holding companies during the period 1946-1957. Design/methodology/approach – An explanatory, multiple-case, holistic case study is used to explain the relative increase in consolidated accounting adoption in New Zealand following passage of the Companies Act 1955, in spite of that accounting choice remaining voluntary under the legislation. Findings – The explanation is subjected to replication tests for explanatory case studies, and is supported by the data from all 25 cases satisfying the criterion for inclusion in the study. Originality/value – The explanation differs from the microeconomic explanations of accounting choice in terms of firm characteristics which are generated within the positive accounting research paradigm. It utilizes findings from research in the economics of standardization which show that mechanisms for co-ordinating the behaviour of market participants enable them to capture benefits of market externalities which would otherwise be unavailable because of market failure. The explanation is that: the low rate of pre-legislation consolidated accounting adoption was due to a market failure around the accounting information which rendered unilateral adoption generally uneconomic; and the postlegislation surge in adoption was due to passage of the Act resolving the market failure by overcoming a co-ordination problem for potential adopters, enabling them to realise positive network effects and, therewith, net benefits of adoption. Keywords Accounting choice, Accounting history, Accounting regulation, Consolidated accounting, Market failure, New Zealand www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/01140581111163953 Purpose – The paper seeks to explore two qualitative techniques that may be used to evaluate the effectiveness of school libraries. The first is based on a ‘‘willingness to return’’ concept previously applied to reference interviews. The second extends a modellingthrough-reaction methodology that has recently been developed to identify the characteristics of the ideal ‘‘information entity’’. Design/methodology/approach – Although each method draws on data relating to the strengths and value of the library as perceived by users, modelling-through-reaction also addresses possible areas of improvement and the ideas of non-users. Data are typically collected via individual interviews and focus groups. Direct quotations from participants are likely to feature prominently in outcomes when the modified ‘‘willingness to return’’ approach is employed, whereas more abstract principles result from modellingthrough-reaction. Findings – The findings emerging from the application of the methods can be employed in several ways. The first technique is of particular use in advocacy, since it enables intermediaries to demonstrate the specific benefits that their work brings to the lives of pupils. The second helps information professionals identify the strengths and weaknesses of their library. It can also inform subsequent quantitative investigation, in which Likert responses are given to statements, and may facilitate target setting. Originality/value – The paper is unusual in highlighting various information behaviour issues within the course of a study of evaluation. Whilst the use of a wide range of references in the paper helps to endow the methods proposed with academic credibility, they are intended primarily to be of practical use to intermediaries. Keywords Information research, Qualitative research, School libraries www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14678041111124289 PAR PMM Volume 23 Number 2, 2011, pp. 101-21 Editors: Glenn Boylem, Michael Bradbury, Jill Hooks and Asheq Rahman Volume 12 Number 1, 2011, pp. 38-49 Editor: Steve Thornton 98 Personnel Review Pigment & Resin Technology Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper High commitment performance management: the roles of justice and trust Aqueous silane modified silica sols: theory and preparation Elaine Farndale Peter Greenwood Department of Human Resource Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands Eka Chemicals AB, AkzoNobel, Gothenburg, Sweden Borje Gevert Veronica Hope-Hailey Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Cass Business School, London, UK Clare Kelliher Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study methods of reacting the surface of the particles of silica sols with silanes, primarily gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) and study some basic properties of the modified sols and the nature and structure of the silane groups attached to the particle surface. Design/methodology/approach – The surface of the silica particles was modified by reacting the silica sols with aqueous solutions of silanes, chiefly GPTMS. The presence and structure of silane groups on the particle surface were established by Si-NMR and C-NMR, respectively. Findings – Several silanes were studied but silica sols could be readily modified only with GPTMS and glycidoxypropylmethoxydiethoxysilane (GPMDES), most readily if the silanes were pre-hydrolysed in water. Higher degrees of silylation were preferably done by continuous addition of silane. Lower degrees of modification can be achieved at room temperature by the stepwise addition of the silane solution. The silylation of the silica surface with GPTMS significantly reduces the number of charged surface groups and silanol groups. GPTMS binds covalently to the silica surface and the epoxy ring opens and transforms into a diol. Silica sols modified with GPTMS and GPMDES are stable toward aggregation. Research limitations/implications – Only organo-reactive silanes were studied. Originality/value – This is the first work to study the modification by silanes of silica aquasols with high concentrations of silica. The silane modification can extend the use of silica to areas of applications previously inaccessible to silica sols. Keywords Aqueous, Colloidal silica, Colloids, Dispersions, Epoxy silane, Pigments, Silica sol, Silicates, Surface modification www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03699421111176171 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between employees’ perceptions of a particular subsystem of HRM practices (performance management) and their commitment to the organisation. In addition, the study seeks to examine the mechanisms by which these perceptions translate into employee attitudes and behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 524 questionnaire responses were collected from four organisations in the UK. Findings – The findings show that the link between employee experiences of high commitment performance management (HCPM) practices and their level of commitment is strongly mediated by related perceptions of organisational justice. In addition, the level of employee trust in the organisation is a significant moderator. Research limitations/implications – This is a cross-sectional study based on self-report data, which limits the reliability of the findings. The findings may also be specific to a particular context. However, the results by company support their generalisability. Practical implications – The findings lead one to believe that it is essential to observe the actual experiences of HCPM practices and outcomes at employee level, and to consider the broader organisational context, if one is to understand their effects on performance. Originality/value – When exploring the impact of high commitment work practices on firm performance, little attention has been paid to the employee perspective: employees ultimately are the recipients of an organisation’s HRM practices, and as such their perceptions of these practices affect their attitudes and behaviour in the workplace. Keywords Employees attitudes, Human resource management, Justice, Performance management, Trust, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00483481111095492 PR PRT Volume 40 Number 1, 2011, pp. 5-23 Editors: Nelarine Cornelius and Eric Pezet Volume 40 Number 5, 2011, pp. 275-84 Editor: Long Lin 99 Policing Program An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management Electronic library and information systems Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Victimization, stress and use of force among South Korean police officers A core journal decision model based on weighted page rank Jinseong Cheong Hei-Chia Wang Department of Police Administration, Soonchunhyng University, Asan, South Korea Ya-lin Chou Ilhong Yun Jiunn-Liang Guo Department of Police Administration, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea Institute of Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan Abstract Abstract Purpose – The paper’s aim is to propose a core journal decision method, called the local impact factor (LIF), which can evaluate the requirements of the local user community by combining both the access rate and the weighted impact factor, and by tracking citation information on the local users’ articles. Design/methodology/approach – Many institutions with a limited budget can subscribe only to the most valuable journals for their users. The importance of a journal to a local community can be calculated in many ways. This paper takes both global and local access frequency and journal citations into consideration. The method of weighted web page link analysis is adopted. Findings – This paper finds that the weighted page rank may be used efficiently in the core journal decisions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LIF can effectively suggest journals to local users better than existing methods (i.e. impact factor or the local journal rank). Research limitations/implications – This research requires the determination of the thesis scores, which needs authorisation from the authors. If the scores are not available, the scores may be subjectively assigned or retrieved from the other resources. Practical implications – A case study in National Cheng Kung University was conducted to show that the LIF can be used to help library managers evaluate the real demands of local community users. Originality/value – Rather than existing research, this paper focuses on the utilisation and requirements of local community users and also finds the contributions of citation information to be significant and critical. Keywords Decision making, Digital libraries, Journal recommendation, Local impact factor, Serials www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00330331111182166 Purpose – This study aims to assess the direct and indirect impact of stress on police use of force among a sample of male South Korean frontline officers (n = 574). Design/methodology/approach – Largely drawing on a methodological approach adopted by Manzoni and Eisner the paper employs a structural equation modeling approach. Findings – The study discovered a direct positive influence of operational stress on use of force frequency, even while controlling for police routine activities and police victimization. Originality/value – The findings of this study and their implications are discussed in depth against the unique South Korean background where frontline officers are routinely victimized by suspects and citizens. Keywords Men, Police stress, Police use of force, Policing, South Korea, Stress, Structural equation modelling www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13639511111180234 PIJPSM PROG Volume 34 Number 4, 2011, pp. 606-24 Editors: Lorie A. Fridell and Kim Lersch Volume 45 Number 4, 2011, pp. 397-414 Editor: Miguel Angel Sicilia 100 Property Management Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Housing affordability in Australia for first home buyers on moderate incomes Lessons learned: advantages and disadvantages of mixed method research Valerie Kupke Mary A. Malina Peter Rossini University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA Centre for Regulation and Market Analysis, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia Hanne S.O. Nørreklit Department of Business Studies, University of Århus, Århus, Denmark Abstract Frank H. Selto Purpose – This paper seeks to examine the opportunity for home ownership by first-time buyers who are in occupations defined in the UK literature as key workers within four state capitals in Australia: Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane. Many of these workers are moderate or average income earners who deliver essential community services such as health, social services, education, safety and emergency services. This paper aims to explore access to home ownership for these workers for 2001 and 2009, a period which included the introduction and reintroduction of increased Australian government grants to first home buyers. Design/methodology/approach – The study determines, for each year, the zones of each city able to be afforded on a moderate single income as well as the percentage of suburbs able to be afforded by key workers. Findings – The paper identifies the pressure for multiple incomes in order to purchase as well as discussing the commuting distances some workers in Adelaide and Sydney may have to accommodate in order to afford a home. Originality/value – The paper follows up 2001 work, conducted in Australia, on housing affordability for moderate income earners. Housing affordability continues to be a key housing issue in Australia, especially for first home buyers. Keywords Housing, Affordability, Australia, Earnings www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02637471111154809 Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is first, to discuss the theoretical assumptions, qualities, problems and myopia of the dominating quantitative and qualitative approaches; second, to describe the methodological lessons that the authors learned while conducting a series of longitudinal studies on the use and usefulness of a specialized balanced scorecard; and third, to encourage researchers to actually use multiple methods and sources of data to address the very many accounting phenomena that are not fully understood. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is an opinion piece based on the authors’ experience conducting a series of longitudinal mixed method studies. Findings – The authors suggest that in many studies, using a mixed method approach provides the best opportunity for addressing research questions. Originality/value – This paper provides encouragement to those who may wish to bridge the authors’ ideological gaps and to those who are actively trying to do so. Keywords Qualitative research, Quantitative research, Research methods www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/11766091111124702 PM QRAM Volume 29 Number 4, 2011, pp. 357-70 Editor: Clive Warren Volume 8 Number 1, 2011, pp. 59-71 Editor: Deryl Northcott 101 Qualitative Research in Financial Markets Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Herding, information uncertainty and investors’ cognitive profile From ‘‘being there’’ to ‘‘being [. . .] where?’’: relocating ethnography Beatriz Fernández Katrina Pritchard Teresa Garcia-Merino Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK Rosa Mayoral Abstract Valle Santos Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to expand recent discussions of research practice in organizational ethnography by engaging in a reflexive examination of the ethnographer’s situated identity work across different research spaces: academic, personal and the research site itself. Design/methodology/approach – Examines concerns with the traditional notion of ‘‘being there’’ as it applies to ethnography in contemporary organization studies and, through a confessional account exploring the author’s own experiences as a PhD student conducting ethnography, considers ‘‘being [. . .] where?’’ using the analytic framework of situated identity work. Findings – Identifies both opportunities and challenges for organizational ethnographers facing the question of ‘‘being [. . .] where?’’ through highlighting the situated nature of researchers’ identity work in, across and between different (material and virtual) research spaces. Practical implications – The paper provides researchers with prompts to examine their own situated identity work, which may prove particularly useful for novice researchers and their supervisors, while also identifying the potential for incorporating these ideas within organizational ethnography more broadly. Originality/value – The paper offers situated identity work as a means to provide renewed analytic vigour to the confessional genre whilst highlighting new opportunities for reflexive and critical ethnographic research practice. Keywords Confessional genre, Ethnography, Identity work, Organizations, Place, Reflexivity, Space www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17465641111188402 Eleuterio Vallelado University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the interaction between the availability of financial information and individuals’ cognitive profiles to explain investors’ herding behavior. Design/methodology/approach – The authors designed and conducted an experiment to observe the behavior of subjects in three settings, each with a different level of information. Findings – Results confirm that a dependence relation exists between information, investors’ behavioral biases and the herding phenomenon. Moreover, the experiment shows that information concerning the number of previous transactions in the market is particularly relevant to explain herding propensity among investors. The findings indicate that the cognitive profile of investors is more relevant as the availability of information increases and the number of previous transactions in the market is low. Research limitations/implications – Future research should examine further the best way to measure the individual’s cognitive profile and its interaction with information limitation in financial markets. The presence of high levels of uncertainty favors herding behavior regardless of inter-individual differences, and only when the availability of information is high and the number of transactions is low does the subjects’ cognitive profile explain the investors’ herding behavior. Finally, it is observed that not all public information receives the same attention by investors. The attractiveness of public information requires further attention. Social implications – The herding phenomenon is difficult to anticipate because there are factors of a very diverse nature that intervene. Originality/value – The research described in this paper measures investors’ cognitive profile to identify the interaction between availability of information, cognitive profile and herding. Keywords Financial information, Individual behaviour, Investors, Uncertainty management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17554171111124595 QRFM QROM Volume 3 Number 1, 2011, pp. 7-33 Editor: Bruce M. Burton Volume 6 Number 3, 2011, pp. 230-45 Editors: Gillian Symon and Catherine Cassell 102 Quality Assurance in Education Quality in Ageing and Older People Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Bringing about positive change in the higher education student experience: a case study Right place – wrong person: dignity in the acute care of older people Sally Brown Win Tadd Leeds Metropolitan University, Leeds, UK Alex Hillman School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this article is to outline the ways in which staff of a post-1992 UK university set about enhancing the student experience, at a time when the institution had poor student evaluations as demonstrated by the UK National Student Survey and other indicators. Using a range of interventions led by the PVC (Academic), a concerted effort is made to improve classroom teaching, assessment and feedback, and the ways in which actions taken in response to student feedback were reported back to students. Design/methodology/approach – The article reviews some of the literature available on the NSS and on bringing about changes in universities, and demonstrates how such approaches were put in place. Findings – Over a period of 18 months, it was possible to report significant changes in practice, resulting in demonstrable improvements, both in NSS scores and staff morale. Research limitations/implications – The article uses a reportage approach, describing the steps taken as part of an evidenceinformed approach: potential future work will be undertaken by a new team, following a wide-ranging restructuring of the university. Practical implications – It was necessary to recognise that teaching staff felt they were already working very hard, so changes had to be both manageable for staff and demonstrably leading to measurable improvements. Social implications – The article argues that a top-down approach alone is insufficient to bring about rapid changes in a difficult context, and describes how diverse agents’ enacted improvements. Originality/value – The quality enhancement approaches described here are shared by a number of universities with similar aims: the originality of the approach lies in its coherence and collaborative nature, which combined evidence-led leadership and cross-institutional commitment. Keywords Attitudes, Change management, Continuous improvement, Higher education, Morale, Organizational structures, Quality improvement, Students, Teaching methods, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09684881111158027 Sian Calnan QAE QAOA Volume 19 Number 3, 2011, pp. 195-207 Editor: John Dalrymple Volume 12 Number 1, 2011, pp. 33-43 Editor: Ron Iphofen Mike Calnan School of Social Policy, Sociology and Social Research, University of Kent, UK Tony Bayer School of Medicine, Cardiff University, UK Simon Read School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, UK Abstract This paper reports on an ethnographic study to explore the experience of dignity in the acute care of older people in four acute NHS trusts. It explores the prevalent view that acute care is not the right place for older people and the failure to acknowledge that the largest group of users are the very old, the frail and the dependent, which results in environments that are not friendly to older people generally, and are especially hostile to those with cognitive impairments. Added to this, a culture that is risk averse and defensive, where care is undervalued and where professional accountability and discretion are replaced by standardised checklists, pathways and audits, cultivates the attitude that if an aspect of care can’t be measured it doesn’t matter. Overall, getting the job done appears to matter more than how the job is done, so that the focus is primarily on the task rather than seeing the person. It describes how the failure of acute trusts to respond to the needs of the majority of their users – older people – results in the failure to provide dignified care and the impact of this on both the quality of care and patient outcomes. Keywords Acute care, Dignity, Ethnography, Older people, Patient outcomes www.emeraldinsight.com/10.5042/qiaoa.2011.0143 103 Rapid Prototyping Journal Records Management Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper A layerless additive manufacturing process based on CNC accumulation Measuring the impact of records management: data and discussion from the UK higher education sector Yong Chen Steve Bailey Chi Zhou JISC infoNet, University of Northumbria, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK Jingyuan Lao Daniel J. Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA Abstract Purpose – Most current additive manufacturing (AM) processes are layer based. By converting a three-dimensional model into twodimensional layers, the process planning can be dramatically simplified. However, there are also drawbacks associated with such an approach such as inconsistent material properties and difficulty in embedding existing components. The purpose of this paper is to present a novel AM process that is non-layer based and demonstrate its unique capability. Design/methodology/approach – An AM process named computer numerically controlled (CNC) accumulation has been developed. In such a layerless AM process, a fiber optic-cable connected with an ultraviolet (UV) LED and related lens is served as an accumulation tool. The cable is then merged inside a tank that is filled with UV-curable liquid resin. By controlling the on/off state of the UV-LED and the multi-axis motion of the cable, a physical model can be built by selectively curing liquid resin into solid. Findings – It is found that the cured resin can be safely detached from the accumulation tool by applying a Teflon coating on the tip of the fiber-optic cable, and controlling an appropriate gap between the cable and the base. The experimental results verified the curing and attaching force models. Research limitations/implications – A proof-of-concept testbed has been developed based on a curing tool that has a diameter around 2mm. The relatively large tool size limits the geometry resolution and part quality of the built parts. Originality/value – By incorporating multi-axis tool motion, the CNC accumulation process can be beneficial for applications such as plastic part repairing, addition of new design features, and building around inserts. Keywords Control systems, Machine tools, Manufacturing systems, Numerical control www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13552541111124806 Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a source of reliable, empirical data regarding the return on investment (ROI) that can be achieved by an organization through various approaches to improving the management of records. It is hoped that these data will help address the current dearth in such evidence in relation to records management and provide a source of citable reference data as part of the business case for investment in records management elsewhere. The paper also aims to explore some of the issues and challenges surrounding the measurement, analysis and interpretation of performance data in relation to records management. Design/methodology/approach – This paper draws on the collected outputs of six UK higher education institutions, each of which were funded to pilot the JISC infoNet Impact Calculator. All six of these projects used the same transparent tool (the Impact Calculator) as the basis for their data collection and analysis, but each chose to apply it to different records management projects and organizational contexts. This paper assesses the key findings from each pilot project in turn, whilst also considering the more general issues and challenges regarding the measurement of impact with regards to records management that has emerged through the collective experience of these projects. Findings – This paper provides demonstrable proof that investment in improvements to records management can realise significant and sustained financial ROI. It also uncovers some interesting variations in this overall picture, making it possible to start to identify which aspect of records management is likely to yield the greatest ROI and at what scale it needs to operate before this can be realised. Originality/value – A previous extensive literature review undertaken by the author indicates that no other such source of empirical data currently exists in an openly accessible published form. It is hoped that doing so in a respected, peer-reviewed journal such as the RMJ will provide a valuable service to records professionals by not only providing such data, but also a full account of the context and methodology used to generate it. Keywords Business analysis, Change management, Performance appraisal, Records management, Resources, Universities www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09565691111125107 RPJ RMJ Volume 17 Number 3, 2011, pp. 218-27 Editor: Ian Campbell Volume 21 Number 1, 2011, pp. 46-68 Editor: Julie McLeod Abstract 104 Reference Services Review Review of Accounting and Finance Dr Ilene F. Rockman Award Outstanding Paper In memoriam and in recognition of Dr Ilene F. Rockman, Editor of Reference Services Review 1985-2005. Dr Rockman was a tireless advocate for integrating information literacy into the higher education curriculum. She was active nationally and locally as a speaker, author and consultant. She held leadership positions within the American Library Association, the Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL, and its California chapter), and the Reference and User Services Association. Outside CEO directors on compensation committees: whose side are they on? Haidan Li Department of Accounting, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, California, USA Yiming Qian Department of Finance, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA Outstanding Paper Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether outside CEO directors sympathize with the company CEO due to their similar positions and prestige, and make decisions in favor of the company CEO. Specifically, the authors investigate how outside CEO directors serving on the compensation committee influence CEO compensation. Design/methodology/approach – The authors investigate how outside CEO directors on the compensation committee impact the level and pay-for-performance sensitivity of CEO compensation. In addition, the relation between excess CEO compensation (attributable to outside CEO directors) and future firm-operating performance is examined. Findings – It is found that outside CEO directors on the compensation committee are associated with higher CEO compensation. However, excess CEO compensation attributable to outside CEO directors leads to poor future firm-operating performance. Outside CEO directors are associated with higher CEO pay-for-performance sensitivity when the company experiences positive stock returns, but do not impact pay-forperformance sensitivity when firm performance is poor. Finally, when the company CEO has more influence on the board, outside CEO directors are more likely to serve on the compensation committee. Originality/value – The paper is among the first to show that having outside CEO directors on the compensation committee might create agency problems and is costly to shareholders. The findings of the authors’ study are relevant to current efforts of regulators and private sectors to enhance oversight of executive compensation. Keywords Chief executive officers, Compensation, Corporate governance, Remuneration, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14757701111129607 Information is social: information literacy in context Jennifer Hoyer Edmonton Social Planning Council, Edmonton, Canada Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to discuss traditional conceptions of information literacy as created within an academic context to address information needs within this context. It seeks to present alternative realities of information use outside the academic sector, and to suggest that information literacy instruction within academia does not go far enough in preparing students for the information society beyond university. The aim is then to follow this by discussion of appropriate information literacy models to prepare young people for information use in a variety of workplace environments. Design/methodology/approach – As an example of the application of appropriate information literacy models for successful workplace information use, the Edmonton Social Planning Council youth internship program is examined through a case study of two successful internship projects. Findings – This youth internship program provides young people with skills that are highly relevant to their information environment outside the academic sector. It provides them with a framework for interacting with information that can be applied in any academic or non-academic setting in which they find themselves. Practical implications – The program described could serve as inspiration for other public, private or nonprofit organizations to collaborate on similar initiatives. It also serves to remind academic librarians of core information best practices that must be conveyed through library instruction if students are to become good information citizens. Originality/value – While information literacy instruction receives much attention in the academic sphere, it is necessary to take a broader view of information use throughout the lifetime of information users and the instruction required to prepare students adequately. The paper focuses on these issues. Keywords Information literacy, Students, Special libraries, Non-profit organizations, Collaboration www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/00907321111108088 RSR RAF Volume 39 Number 1, 2011, pp. 10-23 Editors: Eleanor Mitchell and Sarah Barbara Watstein Volume 10 Number 2, 2011, pp. 110-33 Editors: Janis Zaima and C. Janie Chang 105 Safer Communities Sensor Review Jack Hollingum Award Named after Jack Hollingum, who was one of the founding editors of Sensor Review as well as of our sister journals Assembly Automation and Industrial Robot. Over the years he wrote countless articles and remained a regular contributor right up to having a stroke in April 2001. Outstanding Paper Good cop, Polish cop: findings from an evaluation of the secondment of two Polish police officers to work with the Metropolitan Police Service Outstanding Paper Middlesex University, UK Micro crack detection of multi-crystalline silicon solar wafer using machine vision techniques Abstract Yih-Chih Chiou David Porteous This article presents and discusses the findings from an evaluation of the secondment of two Polish police officers to work with the Metropolitan Police Service in a west London borough between October and December 2009. While the secondment was intended to improve the service provided to the local Polish community, the principal outcome was more effective information-sharing concerning Polish offenders. ‘‘Cop culture’’ in this context had more resonance than national culture. British and Polish officers soon found they could overcome apparent differences in their approach to the ‘‘job’’. Overcoming residents’ reluctance to engage with the police proved more problematic. Keywords Community, Culture, Policing, Polish www.emeraldinsight.com/10.5042/sc.2011.0184 Jian-Zong Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan Yu-Teng Liang Institute of Engineering Science, Chung Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan and Department of Automation Engineering, Ta Hwa Institute of Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan Abstract Purpose – The detection of invisible micro cracks (-cracks) in multicrystalline silicon (mc-si) solar wafers is difficult because of the wafers’ heterogeneously textured backgrounds. The difficulty is twofold. First, invisible ç-cracks must be visualized to imaging devices. Second, an image processing sequence capable of extracting -cracks from the captured images must be developed. The purpose of this paper is to reveal invisible -cracks that lie beneath the surface of mc-si solar wafers. Design/methodology/approach – To solve the problems, the authors first set up a near infrared (NIR) imaging system to capture images of interior -cracks. After being able to see the invisible -cracks, a regiongrowing flaw detection algorithm was then developed to extract -cracks from the captured images. Findings – The experimental results showed that the proposed -cracks inspection system is effective in detecting -cracks. In addition, the system can also be used for the inspection of silicon solar wafers for stain, pinhole, inclusion and macro cracks. The overall accuracy of the defect detection system is 99.85 percent. Research limitations/implications – At present, the developed prototype system can detect -crack down to 13.4m. The inspection resolution is high but the speed is low. However, the limitation on inspection speed can easily be lifted by choosing a higher resolution NIR camera. Practical implications – Generally, this paper is a great reference for researchers who are interested in developing automatic optical inspection systems for inspecting solar wafer for invisible -cracks. Originality/value – The research described in this paper makes a step toward developing an effective while low-cost approach for revealing invisible -crack of mc-si solar wafers. The advantages provided by the proposed system include excellent crack detection sensitivity, capability of detecting hidden subsurface -cracks, and low cost. Keywords Image sensors, Programming and algorithm theory, Quality control, Semiconductor devices, Silicon www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02602281111110013 SC SR Volume 10 Number 2, 2011, pp. 32-41 Editors: Chris Fox and Tim Bateman Volume 31 Number 2, 2011, pp. 154-65 Editor: Clive Loughlin 106 Social Care and Neurodisability Social Responsibility Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Services that promote continuity of care: key findings from an evaluation of the national service framework for long-term neurological conditions Global HRM and the dilemma of competing stakeholder interests Kate Gridley Maarit Laiho Fiona Aspinal Department of Management, Turku School of Economics at the University of Turku, Turku, Finland Satu Lähteenmäki Sylvia Bernard Research Fellows, Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, York, UK Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the meaning of socially responsible human resourcem management (HRM) in the global business context. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is based on a multiple case study and is descriptive. The study focuses on four case studies of two Finnish multinational companies. The data sources are company documents and web sites, newspapers, financial periodicals and web-based open communication channels. Findings – The study shows the contextual nature of socially responsible HRM and highlights the need to recognise the magnitude of the issues and viewpoints that affect the evaluation of social responsibility from the HRM point of view. The study also reveals the gap between the rhetoric used by top management and the messages given out by the HR function. Research limitations/implications – The four cases examined in this study do not allow for empirical generalisations. Practical implications – The study stresses that the costs and consequences of unethical behaviour cannot be overlooked when aiming to maintain the image of a socially responsible company. Originality/value – This study addresses a research gap in HRM studies by adopting an ethical perspective and suggesting that instead of balancing global integration with responsiveness to local customs companies should find a balance between profitability and responsibility. The study provides rich material for discussion and illustration. Keywords Corporate social responsibility, Human resource management, Human resource strategies, Multinational companies, Finland www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17471111111141477 Gillian Parker Director, Social Policy Research Unit, University of York, York, UK Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to report key findings of a study, whose purpose was to: understand what helps or hinders the commissioning and provision of integrated services for people with long-term neurological conditions (LTNCs); identify models of best practice from the perspectives of people with LTNCs and the professionals who work with them; and develop a benchmarking system to assess the extent to which these models are available in England. Design/methodology/approach – The research had three main components: a rapid systematic literature review of evidence; in-depth case studies of six neurology ‘‘service systems’’; and a survey of all English PCTs to audit progress towards implementation of the National Service Framework (NSF) for LTNCs. Findings – A number of elements that contribute to the experience of continuity and three service models that incorporate these elements were identified: community interdisciplinary neurological rehabilitation teams; nurse specialists and proactive, holistic day opportunities services. The survey results reinforced many of the case study findings, particularly around the varying levels of service available depending on diagnosis and location, and problems of access even where high-quality services existed. The paper concludes that the systematic approach to delivering treatment and care for people with LTNCs envisaged in the NSF has not yet been achieved. Originality/value – This study uses a mix of methods to assess progress towards national service improvement, based on evidence from people with LTNCs and those who work with them. As such, it provides a comprehensive benchmark at a critical point in the implementation of the NSF for LTNCs. Keywords Access, Commissioning, Continuity of care, Integration, Long-term care, Long-term neurological conditions, Neurology www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20420911111172738 SCN SRJ Volume 2 Number 3, 2011, pp. 147-57 Editors: Andy Mantell and Patti Simonson Volume 7 Number 2, 2011, pp. 166-80 Editors: David Crowther and Guler Aras 107 Society and Business Review Soldering & Surface Mount Technology Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Thermal fatigue endurance of Sn3Ag0.5Cu0.5In0.05Ni and Sn2.5Ag0.8Cu0.5Sb solders in composite solder joints of LTCC/PWB assemblies Illusive victimizations of a homeowner in mortgage foreclosure O. Nousiainen Krisha Michele Coppedge Materials Engineering Laboratory and EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland CTU Doctoral Management Program, Colorado Technical University, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA T. Kangasvieri Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories and EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Abstract Purpose – This conducive and concise phenomenon aims to review the illusive victimization homeowners face and to zero in on the underlying factors optimistically stimulating deceptive and oppressed sensations homeowners endure in America before, during, and after mortgage foreclosure. The purpose is to accurately discover the behaviors, which lead to the homeowner’s decision making from real storytelling of those alleged victimized homeowners. Design/methodology/approach – The homeowner, an autonomous contributor, who stands to reason has its own nonprejudiced commentaries, and places the propositions in a binding framework, adapts this preparation. Findings – Prior to the year of 2000, the real estate market was booming. It was at an all-time high. The rich, the powerful, the influential, etc. were making top dollars off some innocent and some not so innocent homeowners. Suddenly, American homeowners everywhere found themselves drowning in mortgage foreclosure meltdown (debt) crisis. This crisis, believed to be a consequence of the Commodities Act of 2000, was under the watch of former President Bill Clinton. However, although, this Legislative Act appears to have been inconsiderate, unethical, and immoral for sure the homeowner had a choice in the decision for or against the loan as well. This review’s contribution to the book of knowledge finds that from the mortgage foreclosure stories told by homeowners, they are also really held accountable for their responsibility, virtuality, answerability, decision making, and appreciative intelligence in this situation. This newfound knowledge seeks to find the cruciality in one looking before one leaps. Practical implications – The paper intends to provide stratagems, which are insightful, and of unimaginative thinking to get into the hearts and minds of individuals by helping them to understand the reality of their behaviors. Homeowners should recognize the importance of self-honesty towards education, credit ratings, and their happiness or unhappiness in terms of the best decision for themselves before signing on that dotted line. Originality/value – The paper extricates strenuous research for researchers, educators, and those seeking to educate themselves about the potential difficulties of being a homeowner in a mortgage foreclosure situation. The value of this contribution provides the most pertinent information, which is accessible in a conducive, concise and stress-free digestive format. The originality of this contribution is designed to influence the willingness many of the world’s leading banks, bankers, lenders, mortgage brokers, mortgage companies, and most of all the homeowner to change their behavior and to stop the unethical practices relating to the continuing mortgage foreclosure crises today. Keywords Behaviour, Decision making, Illusive, Mortgage foreclosure, Storytelling, United States of America, Victimization www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17465681111143966 R. Rautioaho SBR SSMT Volume 6 Number 2, 2011, pp. 149-56 Editor: Yvon Pesqueux Volume 23 Number 1, 2011, pp. 30-9 Editor: Martin Goosey Materials Engineering Laboratory and EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland J. Vähäkangas Microelectronics and Materials Physics Laboratories and EMPART Research Group of Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the thermal fatigue endurance of two lead-free solders used in composite solder joints consisting of plastic core solder balls (PCSB) and different solder materials, in order to assess their feasibility in low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC)/printed wiring board (PWB) assemblies. Design/methodology/approach – The characteristic lifetime of these joints was determined in a thermal cycling test (TCT) over a temperature range of – 40-125ºC. Their failure mechanisms were analyzed after the TCT using scanning acoustic and optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscope, and field emission scanning electronic microscope investigation. Findings – The results showed that four different failure mechanisms existed in the test assemblies cracking in the mixed ceramic/ metallization zone; or a mixed transgranular/intergranular failure occurred at the low temperature extreme; whereas an intergranular failure within the solder matrix; or separation of the intermetallic layer and the solder matrix occurred at the high temperature extreme. Sn3Ag0.5Cu0.5In0.05Ni was more resistant to mixed transgranular/ intergranular failure, but had poor adhesion with the Ag3Sn layer. On the other hand, cracking in the mixed ceramic/metallization zone typically existed in the joints with Sn2.5Ag0.8Cu0.5Sb solder, whereas the joints with Sn3Ag0.5Cu0.5In0.05Ni were practically free of these cracks. The characteristic lifetimes of both test joint configurations were at the same level (800-1,000) compared with joints consisted of Sn4Ag0.5Cu solder and PCSB studied earlier. Originality/value – The study investigated in detail the failure mechanisms of the Sn3Ag0.5Cu0.5In0.05Ni and Sn2.5Ag0.8Cu0.5Sb solders under harsh accelerated test conditions. It was proved that these solders behaved similarly to the ternary SnAgCu solders in these conditions and no improvement can be achieved by utilizing these solders in the non-collpasible solder joints of LTCC/PWB assemblies. Keywords Ceramics and glass technology, Plastics, Solders, Stress (materials) www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09540911111099686 108 Strategic Outsourcing Strategy & Leadership An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Understanding transition performance during offshore IT outsourcing Reinventing management: the practices that enable continuous innovation Erik Beulen Stephen Denning Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands and KPMG EquaTerra, Tilburg, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to show how pioneering organizations can reinvent management practice by simultaneously implementing five fundamental shifts aimed at achieving continuous innovation and disciplined execution. Design/methodology/approach – The paper looks at five transformations that are required, which are: the firm’s goal becomes delighting and engaging customers (a shift from an insideout to outside-in perspective); the role of managers changes (from controller to enabler); the mode of managerial coordination switches (from command-and-control to dynamic linking); the values practiced shifts (from a single focus on shareholder value to values relevant to all stakeholders); and the communications mode of management changes (from command to conversation). Findings – This Masterclass offers leaders an overview of the practices needed to accomplish and institutionalize the five shifts. Practical implications – Meshing a client focus with autonomous teams and disciplined execution requires a set of measures called ‘‘dynamic linking’’. ‘‘Dynamic linking’’ means that: the work is done in short cycles; the management sets priorities in terms of the goals of work in the cycle, based on what is known about what might delight the client; decisions about how the work is to be carried out to achieve those goals are largely the responsibility of those doing the work; and progress is measured (to the extent possible) by direct client feedback at the end of each cycle. Originality/value – None of the five shifts is new in itself. Success, however, requires putting all five shifts into operation together. This article provides a state-of-the-art primer for leaders managing change. Keywords Buyer-seller relationships, Change management, Customer satisfaction, Innovation, Management development, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10878571111128775 Vinay Tiwari Shell, The Hague, The Netherlands Eric van Heck Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – Within an IT outsourcing relationship, transition represents a critical and complex phase that starts immediately after contract signing. Transition involves handing over outsourced activities from client firm to service provider firm and accompanies a new way of operating. The purpose of this paper is to determine and detail factors influencing the performance of transition phase within global IT outsourcing relationships. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the authors present a framework for transition performance that includes four factors: transition planning, knowledge transfer, transition governance and retained organization. This framework is tested and enriched by utilizing a single, in-depth case study involving over 25 interviews with a global offshore IT outsourcing engagement. Findings – It was found that knowledge transfer and transition governance are more critical factors than transition planning and retained organization for transition performance. This was due mainly to two reasons: the critical challenges faced, within the scope of these factors, had higher potential to disrupt transition; and both these factors and their related issues required a significant joint and coordinated effort from client and service provider firms, thereby, making implementation challenging for transition. Originality/value – Practitioners have suggested that over twothirds of failed outsourcing relationships are due to transition-related challenges. This paper represents one of the first in-depth studies that provides insights from a real-life global outsourcing engagement, which contributes to and complements existing literature on IT outsourcing by providing a greater understanding of transition. Furthermore, it provides practitioners with insights and best practices that can be used to guide transitions in real-life engagements. Keywords Governance, Information technology, IT offshoring, IT outsourcing, Outsourcing, Strategic outsourcing, Transition management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17538291111185449 SO SL Volume 4 Number 3, 2011, pp. 204-27 Editor: Marco Busi Volume 39 Number 3, 2011, pp. 16-24 Editor: Robert Randall 109 Structural Survey Studies in Economics and Finance Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Quinquennial surveys The intertemporal mechanics of European stock price momentum Alan W. Scott, Hunter Cowie Ltd, Darlington, UK Philip A. Stork Abstract School of Finance and Risk Management, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Purpose – This paper seeks to review guidance on the undertaking of quinquennial surveys of Church of England parish churches, then to examine the approaches of Diocese Advisory Committees in administrating the surveys and finally to apply that guidance to a case study within one of the researched Dioceses. Design/methodology/approach – The paper reviews current guidelines on undertaking quinquennial surveys of English parish churches, examining the methodology of both the inspection and reporting techniques of the survey. The paper also reports on a series of interviews carried out with Dioceses’ Secretaries in Northern England who are responsible for administrating quinquennial surveys, and finally examines the application of national and diocesan guidelines by reporting on a quinquennial survey of St Olaf’s Church in Wasdale, Cumbria, England’s smallest church. Findings – The principal guidance for quinquennial inspection of Churches is produced by the Council for the Care of Churches but this is currently out of print. Perhaps for this reason various Diocese Advisory Committees have produced their own guidance. It is possible that more standardisation in the format of reports is required as this will enable Dioceses to correlate electronic information in the production of their maintenance strategies. The alternative view is that to produce a standard pro-forma does not do justice to an individual building which may have evolved over 1,000 years and requires specific advice. The 1991 Care of Churches and Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Measures extended the professional adviser capable of undertaking the survey from just Architect to Architects and Chartered Building Surveyor. But within the three Dioceses reviewed this has a limited impact with Architects being dominant by a ratio of 25:1. Originality/value – To survey and report on buildings of such historic and community importance is a privilege and the pinnacle of conservation expertise. It is hoped that the guidance in this paper may stimulate interest in the surveying of churches by younger surveyors. Keywords Churches, Conservation, Inspection, Maintenance, Surveys www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02630801111148176 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between a stock market’s index returns and its subsequent firmlevel momentum profits. This relationship is analysed for each of ten individual European stock markets between 1973 and 2010. Design/methodology/approach – Using firm-level data, intramarket momentum returns are analysed, using various ranking and holding period combinations. Standard t-tests as well as pooled and country-specific regressions are employed to determine the significance of the non-linear relationship between one-, two- and three-year index returns and subsequent momentum returns. Findings – Momentum returns following a bull market are positive for all ten stock markets; statistical significance is reached by nine of those ten. Per contrast, momentum returns following a bear market are insignificant for all ten stocks markets, and the average return is negative. Further, in all ten stock markets the momentum profits are lowest following the greatest drops in the index; this effect is significant in eight countries. These results are consistent with the behavioural theories on investors’ overconfidence and undue selfattribution. Practical implications – The paper’s findings suggest that investors should refrain from pursuing a momentum strategy in European stock markets shortly after a severe bear market. Originality/value – This is the first study to investigate the temporal dependence of firm-level momentum returns on preceding index movements in European stock markets. Keywords European stock markets, Overconfidence, Price momentum, Profit, Self-attribution, Stock returns www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/10867371111141972 SS SEF Volume 29 Number 3, 2011, pp. 184-96 Editors: Mark Shelbourn and Michael Hoxley Volume 28 Number 3, 2011, pp. 217-32 Editor: Mahendra Raj 110 Supply Chain Management Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Approaches to managing global sourcing risk Public policies for scaling corporate responsibility standards: expanding collaborative governance for sustainable development Martin Christopher Carlos Mena Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield, UK Jem Bendell Omera Khan Asia Pacific Centre for Sustainable Enterprise, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia Hull University Business School, University of Hull, Hull, UK Anthony Miller Oznur Yurt Katharina Wortmann Department of Logistics Management, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkey United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, Geneva, Switzerland Abstract Purpose – Global sourcing can bring many benefits to organisations, but it can also expose them to a number of risks. The purpose of this study is to understand how managers assess global sourcing risks across the entire supply chain and what actions they take to mitigate those risks. Design/methodology/approach – A multiple case study approach was used, involving 15 cases in seven different industries. Each case consisted of interviews with managers directly involved in the global sourcing decision, supported by documentary evidence. A cross-case analysis was conducted to analyse patterns across different industries. Findings – The study revealed that most companies do not have a structured supply chain risk management and mitigation system. Nevertheless they do use a number of informal approaches to cope with risk. The paper proposes that a multidisciplinary approach is required when dealing with global sourcing risks. It presents a classification of risks covering four categories: supply risk, process and control risks, environmental and sustainability risks, and demand risks. Originality/value – The paper addresses a research gap concerning managers’ approaches to assessing and mitigating supply chain risk in a global context. In this context, this study proposes a new categorisation for global sourcing risks and offers a characterisation of global sourcing risk mitigation strategies applicable to different industries. Keywords Globalization, Risk analysis, Risk management www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13598541111115338 Abstract SCM SAMPJ Volume 16 Number 2, 2011, pp. 67-81 Editor: Beverly A. Wagner Volume 2 Number 2, 2011, pp. 263-93 Editor: Carol Adams Purpose – This paper seeks to provide an overview and context for the emerging field of public policies for scaling voluntary standards, or private regulations, on the social and environmental performance of business and finance, to promote sustainable development; in order to stimulate more innovation and research in this field. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes the approach of a literature review of texts from intergovernmental and nongovernmental organisations, to develop a synthesis of issues, before literature review from management studies, development studies and international relations, to revise the synthesis and identify policy relevant future research. Findings – Governance at all levels but particularly the international level involves corporations and their stakeholders. Together they have created non-statutory corporate social responsibility (CSR) standards which now influence significant amounts of international trade and investment, thereby presenting new benefits, risks and challenges for sustainable development. Governments around the world are now innovating public policies on these standards, which can be categorised to inform policy development: governments prepare, prefer, promote and prescribe CSR standards. Therefore, a new dimension to collaborative governance is emerging and would benefit from research and technical assistance. As concepts and practices of regulation and governance are moving beyond state versus non-state, mandatory versus voluntary approaches, so issues about transparency, accountability and democratic participation remain important for any new manifestation of regulation or governance. Originality/value – By contextualising public policy innovations on CSR standards within new theories of governance, including ‘‘private regulation’’ and ‘‘collaborative governance’’, the paper helps to clarify a new agenda for policy making and related research. Keywords Collaborative governance, Corporate social responsibility, Private regulation, Public policy, Regulation, Standards, Sustainable development, Voluntary standards www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/20408021111185411 111 Team Performance Management The Bottom Line Managing library finances An International Journal Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Top management team diversity: positive in the short run, but negative in the long run? Maximizing an economic recession through strategic organizational repositioning Sabine Boerner Adam Murray Marius Linkohr University Libraries, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky, USA Sabine Kiefer Abstract University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany Purpose – The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the possibilities for strategically and politically repositioning a library, despite economic hardships, for stronger relations with administration, local government, and user communities. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a case study of Murray State University Libraries’ efforts to seize the current recession to conduct capital construction planning, donor development, and political positioning for a new library facility. Additionally, the case study details some of the activities undertaken during the recession to implement a pay-per-view journal article process and value-added reference services. Findings – This case study finds that strategically repositioning a library with administration, local government, or the user community can be undertaken on either larger or smaller scales, depending on the particular circumstances in which a library operates. Originality/value – While the literature is rife with papers urging libraries and librarians to undertake strategic and political repositioning efforts during economic recessions, this paper provides a holistic case study of a library successfully doing just that. Keywords Academic libraries, Information services, Organizational planning, Partnership, Public libraries, Value added www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/08880451111142006 Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the moderating role of top management team (TMT) longevity on the TMT diversity-firm performance relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents results from a quantitative longitudinal study of 59 TMTs in German companies in different industries. Findings – For age diversity, dominant educational background diversity, and diversity in dominant industry experience, the curvilinear moderating effect of TMT longevity on the TMT diversityfirm performance relationship is confirmed. However, for organizational tenure diversity, the form of the moderating effect is contrary to expectations (being u-shaped). Research limitations/implication – In line with previous studies, the results were sensitive to the performance measures in use. Furthermore, the results should not be generalized since they may be sensitive to the sector under study and the small sample size. Originality/value – First, a curvilinear moderating effect of TMT longevity on the TMT diversity-firm performance relationship is investigated for the first time. Second, although the selected diversity dimensions have been investigated in previous TMT studies, they are examined simultaneously for the first time. Third, this study analyzes TMTs of large and medium-sized German corporations operating in a variety of sectors. Fourth, relating demographic data on TMTs collected in 2004 to performance data for the years 2004 to 2007, the present paper presents one of the few longitudinal studies in the context of TMT diversity. Keywords Chief executives, Curvilinear, Diversity, Germany, Longevity, Longitudinal, Moderator, Team working, Top management team www.emeraldinsight.com 10.1108/13527591111182616 TPM BL Volume 17 Number 7/8, 2011, pp. 328-53 Editor: Fiona Lettice Volume 24 Number 1, 2011, pp. 13-23 Editor: Bradford Lee Eden 112 The British Journal of Forensic Practice The Electronic Library Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Using the algebra of aggression in forensic practice Collaborative networks of memory institutions in digitisation initiatives Edwin Megargee Zinaida Manžuch Florida State University, USA Institute of Library and Information Science, Faculty of Communication, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania The international journal for the application of technology in information environments Abstract A conceptual framework for the analysis of aggressive behaviour is described that takes into account both psychological and physiological determinants as well as both personal and situational factors. The system should assist forensic practitioners in making diagnostic and predictive assessments of violent offenders and in formulating individual management and treatment plans. Keywords Aggressive habit strength, Algebra of aggression, Inhibitions against aggression, Instigation to aggression, Risk assessment www.emeraldinsight.com/10.5042/bjfp.2011.0045 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to research the approach of memory institutions to collaboration by analysing collaboration patterns in the networks developed in digitisation initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative and quantitative content analysis of the comments about partners and contractors made by respondents of the NUMERIC survey on the progress of digitisation in European cultural institutions was performed. Several attributes of collaborative networks of memory institutions were analysed: their size, members by type of organisation, and visibility of collaborators of particular type. Additionally, comparative analysis of collaborative networks of archives, libraries and museums was carried out. Findings – Memory institutions did not approach collaboration strategically. They exhibited a low engagement in collaboration and focused on establishing resource-sharing networks. Many of them established networks with the institutions of the same type. Research limitations/implications – The number of archives which provided comments about their networks was much fewer than the number of libraries and museums. It suggests that additional research on archives and their networks is needed to obtain more reliable data. Practical implications – The results of this research are useful for managers responsible for digitisation initiatives, evaluating and revising collaboration strategies; professional associations, governmental and advisory bodies working with memory institutions for planning, and providing support and advice in digitisation. Originality/value – The results of this research would be relevant for professional associations, governmental and advisory bodies, working with memory institutions. Keywords Digital storage, Europe, Libraries, Museums, Networking, Team working www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/02640471111141070 BJFP EL Volume 13 Number 1, 2011, pp. 4-11 Editors: Carol Ireland and Neil Gredecki Volume 29 Number 3, 2011, pp. 320-43 Editor: David Raitt 113 The Intnerational Journal of The Journal of Logistics Management Adult Protection Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper An institutional theoretic perspective on forces driving adoption of lean production globally: China vis-à-vis the USA The role of emotion in decision-making Hilary Brown Based at Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK Adriana Rossiter Hofer Christian Hofer Abstract Department of Marketing and Logistics, Sam M. Walton College of Business, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA Purpose – This review of the decision-making literature aims to challenge the rational model of decision-making upon which the Mental Capacity Act (MCA) 2005 is premised. Design/methodology/approach – The paper forms part of a larger study commissioned by the Office of the Public Guardian looking into complex cases. Findings – The literature supported the study findings that decisions are not made in a linear way and identified the importance of history and memory, motivation and drive, mood and stability, and openness to influence when assessing the mental capacity of vulnerable people, especially in the context of self-neglect. Practical implications – This paper will inform workers in health and social care about the emotional factors that influence decisionmaking and increase their ability to make nuanced assessments. Social implications – Taken together, with other publications from this project, this paper alerts practitioners to situations where vulnerable people are out of their depth; when the role of depression and anxiety may be at least as salient as their understanding of possible consequences and when the past may exert more control over their actions than their understanding of future options. Originality/value – The paper’s added value is that it uses ideas that are current within academic psychology to make explicit some of the factors that lead to complexity when assessing mental capacity under the MCA, especially in the context of self-neglect. Keywords Decision making, Depression, Mental capacity, Neglect, Psychology, Self-neglect, Service-refusal, Vulnerable adult www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/14668201111177932 Cuneyt Eroglu Information, Operations & Analysis Group, College of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA Matthew A. Waller Department of Marketing and Logistics, Sam M. Walton College of Business, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the current state of implementation of lean production practices in China as compared to the USA. Moreover, an institutional-theoretic framework is developed that explores the interplay among economic, socio-cultural and regulative forces that may shape the adoption process of lean production practices in China. Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws its conclusions from an analysis of survey data from samples of Chinese and US manufacturing executives. Lean production implementation is measured via a survey instrument, and the data are analyzed via regression analysis. Findings – The results suggest that the degree of implementation of lean production in China is equal to, if not greater than lean production implementation in the USA. While the results are fairly consistent across industries, they vary across different lean production practice bundles. In light of these findings, an institutional theory perspective is adopted to develop further insight into the potential drivers of and barriers to lean production implementation in China. It is argued that, while several economic factors function as enablers for the implementation of these practices, various social processes and cultural traits in China still hinder the full adoption of lean production. Research limitations/implications – Larger-scale empirical studies are required for further hypothesis testing and enhanced validity. In particular, the explicit measurement of institutional forces and the statistical analysis of their effects on lean production adoption are recommended for future research. Originality/value – This is the first study to systematically compare the adoption of lean practices in China and the USA. The analyses and discussions provide a basis for further theory building and hypothesis testing research. In addition, the insights offered in this study may help firms gain a better understanding of the unique opportunities and challenges associated with adoption of lean production in China. Keywords China, Institutional theory, Lean production, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09574091111156532 IJLM JAP Volume 22 Number 2, 2011, pp. 148-78 Editors: Scott B. Keller and Chandra Lalwani Volume 13 Number 4, 2011, pp. 194-202 Editors: Bridget Penhale and Margaret Flynn 114 The Journal of The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice Risk Finance Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Organisational change in the context of recovery-oriented services Revisiting the capital-structure puzzle: UK evidence Shula Ramon Basil Al-Najjar Mental Health Research Lead of the School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK Business School, Middlesex University, London, UK Khaled Hussainey Stirling Management School, Stirling University, Stirling, UK Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to focus on the process of organisational change in the implementation of recovery principles into everyday NHS mental health practice, in order to highlight the centrality of this process in enabling implementation. Design/methodology/approach – Several recent good practice examples are given below of relevant projects in which similar challenges have been met and the methods of doing so. Findings – The organisational change process for recoveryoriented services needs to be a win-win situation, in which all of the participants would be able to recognise that each of them can win from the implementation of a recovery-oriented service, even if they are in for some losses (in status, in having to share power, being indirectly criticised for the way they have worked up to now, having to unlearn). This implies that the losses need to be recognised by the leaders of the change process and addressed as much as possible, but that the emphasis should remain on what the participants stand to gain in the new culture and structure. Originality/value – Conceptual framework of such a process and its significant components are linked to the challenges inherent in recovery implementation for the workforce. The challenges are expanded upon in terms of their implications for the specificity of the organisational change required and its complexity. Organisational change is both differentiated from the change in the content and structure of services necessary for implementing recovery yet related to it. Keywords Mental health services, Organizational change, Professional services, Rehabilitation www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17556221111136152 Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to explore the potential drivers of corporate capital structure. Design/methodology/approach – The paper applies both fixed effects panel models and random effects tobit models to examine this issue. A sample of 379 firms is used across the period from 1991 to 2002. Findings – It is found that corporate characteristics (firm size, firm risk, firm growth rate, firm profitability and asset tangibility) and corporate governance characteristics (board size and outside directorships) are the main drivers of capital structure of UK firms. In addition, the results show that changing the definition of capital structure may result in changing the sign and the significance of these potential drivers. Originality/value – The paper argues that another dimension of the capital structure puzzle can be introduced which is related to the definition of capital structure used in prior studies. It is worth noting that the aim of this paper is not to provide an optimal set of factors that may affect the decision of capital structure, but to highlight the effect of the different definitions of capital structure that can be used by different studies, which makes the comparison between such studies difficult or even erroneous. Keywords Capital structure, Corporate governance, United Kingdom www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/15265941111158505 JMHTEP JRF Volume 6 Number 1, 2011, pp. 38-46 Editor: Di Bailey Volume 12 Number 4, 2011, pp. 329-38 Editor: Michael R. Powers 115 The TQM Journal (formerly The TQM Magazine) Tizard Learning Disability Review Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Analysing the preferred characteristics of frontline employees dealing with customer complaints: a cross-national Kano study Improving access to psychological therapies for people with learning disabilities Alan Leyin Thorsten Gruber Consultant Clinical Psychologist with the South Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Billericay, UK Ibrahim Abosag Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK Abstract Alexander E. Reppel Purpose – This paper considers the applicability of the improving access to psychological therapies (IAPT) initiative in meeting the mental health needs of people with learning disabilities. Design/methodology/approach – The author considers the nature of the IAPT service, the potential benefits, the potential barriers and how local services could be better adapted to meet the needs of people with learning disabilities. Findings – Although the IAPT service is well established for the mainstream population, for people with learning disabilities there are deficits and barriers at many levels. Increased attention should be given to removing barriers to access; the provision of ‘‘reasonable adjustments’’ in treatment; and to the monitoring of uptake and outcomes. Even with these issues addressed, the service will not meet the mental health needs of all people with learning disabilities. Originality/value – Whilst acknowledging the potential value of IAPT, without specific consideration being given, mainstream approaches to mental health will not be applicable to all people with learning disabilities: ‘‘reasonable adjustments’’ need to be made not only at the direct clinical level but also throughout the system, from service commissioning to outcomes. Keywords Barriers to inclusion, Improving Access to Psychological Therapies, Intellectual disabilities, Learning disabilities, Mental health services www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/13595471111185747 School of Management, University of London, Egham, UK Isabelle Szmigin Birmingham Business School, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to use the Kano model to gain a deeper understanding of attributes of effective frontline employees dealing with customer complainants in personal interactions. Previous research revealed that excitement factors deteriorate to basic factors over time. This research aims to investigate whether the same phenomenon holds true for attributes of service employees. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected using Kano questionnaires from 272 respondents with complaining experience in the UK and Saudi Arabia, these being two countries at different stages of service sector development. Findings – The analysis of the Kano questionnaires for the UK reveals that complaining customers take the contact employee’s ability to listen carefully for granted. The Kano results for Saudi Arabia clearly indicate that complaining customers are (still) easier to delight than their UK counterparts. Research limitations/implications – Even though the study has a sample size similar to several existing Kano studies, future research studies could still use larger probability samples that represent the broader (complaining) consumer population in the selected countries. Practical implications – If companies know what complaining customers expect, frontline employees may be trained to adapt their behaviour to their customers’ underlying expectations. For this purpose, the paper gives several suggestions to managers to improve active complaint handling and management. Originality/value – The study adds to the understanding of effective complaint handling. The findings are the first to show that employee factors that are performance factors in a highly developed service economy can still delight customers in a less developed service economy. Keywords: Complaints, Customer satisfaction, Customer service management, Employees www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17542731111110203 TQM TLDR Volume 23 Number 2, 2011, pp. 128-44 Editor: Alex Douglas Volume 16 Number 5, 2011, pp. 29-37 Editor: Peter McGill 116 Tourism Review Training & Management Development Methods Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper Knowledge management in tourism – the application of Grant’s knowledge management model to Austrian tourism organizations The coach as catalyst for action learning Michael J. Marquardt World Institute for Action Learning, USA Anita Zehrer Abstract Deputy Head and Lecturer at the Management Center Innsbruck (MCI), Innsbruck, Austria Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the role of the coach as catalyst who optimizes the power of action learning. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines the way in which the action-learning coach operates, how he or she builds the learning climate of the group, the distinction between the role and actions of an action-learning coach and those of a group facilitator, how and when the action-learning coach intervenes and the art and skill of asking questions. Findings – The paper dmonstrates that, through the use of reflective questions, the coach helps group members to examine their actions and interactions and thereby improve their capacity as a group to solve problems. Practical implications – The paper reveals how the action-learning coach builds the competence of the group and improves long-term performance. Social implications – The paper highlights how the coach acts as a mirror to enable the group to reflect on its experience, and convert that reflection into learning opportunities and results that can have wide-ranging consequences. Originality/value – The paper argues that the strategic and timely interventions of the learning coach can have powerful business results. Keywords Action learning, Group discussion, Learning methods, Problem solving www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/09513501111099852 Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to explore the pertinent issues of knowledge management in tourism using the example of tourism organizations in Austria. Design/methodology/approach – The paper undertakes a review of the relevant literature before applying Grant’s model of knowledge management to Austrian tourism organizations. Data are gathered by means of a standardized online questionnaire. Findings – The results of the study show that the majority of Austrian tourism organizations have implemented knowledge management according to Grant’s model. However, there is potential for development and further improvement. Practical implications – The implications for knowledge management in tourism organizations are provided in terms of general prerequisites for knowledge management as well as practical implications and suggestions relating to the identification, measurement, storage, sharing and integration of knowledge. Originality/value – The use of knowledge has long been of interest to academics and practitioners, but research on it has been underdeveloped in tourism. Despite the increasing conceptual studies on knowledge management in tourism in the last few years, this research uses a knowledge management model to assess the current status of knowledge management in Austrian tourism organizations and provides practical implications. Keywords Austria, Grant’s model of knowledge management, Knowledge economy, Knowledge management, Organizations, Tourism management, Tourism organizations www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/16605371111175320 TR TMDM Volume 66 Number 3, 2011, pp. 50-64 Editor: Christian Laesser Volume 25 Number 1, 2011, pp. 1.01-1.18 Editor: David Pollitt 117 Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy VINE The journal of information and knowledge management systems Outstanding Paper The role of security and trust in the adoption of online tax filing Lemuria Carter Outstanding Paper Department of Accounting, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA Ludwig Christian Shaupp Knowledge management challenges for nongovernment organizations: the health and disability sector in New Zealand Department of Accounting, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA Michelle Soakell-Ho Jeffrey Hobbs Michael D. Myers Walker College of Business, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, USA Department of Information Systems and Operations Management, University of Auckland Business School, Auckland, New Zealand Ronald Campbell Abstract Department of Accounting, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA Purpose – The introduction of competitive tendering and contracting and a lack of transparent funding processes has seen a move towards greater contestability of services in the nongovernment organization (NGO) sector. To ameliorate this situation requires a sound understanding of knowledge management (KM) practices. However, not all NGOs have been equally successful at embracing KM principles. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to explore the KM challenges faced by New Zealand NGOs in the health and disability sector. Design/methodology/approach – Using qualitative research methods, specifically interpretive case study research, the authors studied the KM practices of nine NGOs in the health and disability sector in New Zealand. Qualitative data were obtained from documents and semi-structured interviews following a dramaturgical approach. Findings – The findings suggest many barriers to successful implementation of KM in NGOs; some of the most important ones being related to organizational structure and culture. Specifically, tensions between local and national organizational branches, difficulty integrating volunteers and complex funding arrangements are key challenges faced by NGOs in the health and disability sector. Originality/value – Existing literature suggests that volunteer turnover is a serious impediment to successful KM implementation. The authors’ research suggests that volunteer integration, more so than turnover, is an issue. The research also reports on an underlying tension between commercialization and the inherent service culture of the sector. This paper makes recommendations for improved volunteer management and suggests that there is a clear opportunity for better KM systems and practices in the NGO sector. Keywords Health care, Knowledge management, New Zealand, Non-governmental organizations, Organizational structures www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/03055721111134826 Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of six determinants on taxpayers’ intention to adopt e-file systems. The proposed model integrates technology adoption factors from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model with personal perceptions on trust, efficacy, and security into one parsimonious yet explanatory model of e-file adoption. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was administered to 304 US taxpayers to capture their perceptions of e-filing. The survey was developed using existing scales in the literature. Responses were measured on a seven-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The results were tested using multiple linear regression analysis. Findings – The findings of this research show that theoretical constructs from the UTAUT model are well suited in explaining intentions to use multiple e-government services. Specifically, the results indicate that three factors from the UTAUT model (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence) play a significant role in predicting taxpayers’ e-filing intentions. More importantly, the research findings indicate that personal factors (web-specific self-efficacy (WSSE) and perceived security control), along with UTAUT factors, have a significant impact on taxpayers’ e-file intentions. The proposed model explains 63.5 percent of the variance in taxpayers’ e-file intentions. Research limitations/implications – This study contributes to the literature by integrating determinants from the UTAUT model with personal perception factors to explain e-file adoption. This merging of UTAUT with theories, such as social cognition, that emphasize human perception, is the direction that must be taken by researchers in an effort to understand taxpayers’ intentions to adopt e-file systems. While the proposed model explained 63.5 percent of the variation in e-file use intention, there are limitations to this research. The participants in this research are not sufficiently diverse in culture, socio-economic level, etc. and 89 percent of the research participants are Caucasian. In addition, the participants were recruited from limited geographical locations. The strength of the model should be validated using more diverse research participants that will increase the variation in the data collected. Originality/value – The paper presents a parsimonious, yet integrated, model of e-file diffusion. The integration of adoption factors with personal perceptions of trust, efficacy, and security represents a significant step forward in explaining e-file adoption. Keywords E-file, E-government, Security, Taxes, Technology adoption, Trust, United States of America www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17506161111173568 TGPPP VINE Volume 5 Number 4, 2011, pp. 303-18 Editor: Zahir Irani Volume 41 Number 2, 2011, pp. 212-28 Editors: Frada Burstein and Rongbin W.B. Lee 118 Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes Young Consumers Outstanding Paper Outstanding Paper An exploration of food safety culture in a multi-cultural environment: next steps? Children as agents of secondary socialisation for their parents Joanne Taylor Torgeir Watne University of Salford, Salford, UK Lecturer in Marketing, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Antonio Lobo Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of food safety culture in a multi-cultural environment. It is the eighth paper in a themed issue of Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes presenting international food safety management challenges and solutions. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review brings together theories and practical research in the fields of management, international business, psychology and food safety. Findings – A theoretical framework is developed using a wide range of theories and research findings, with the aim of broadening the current understanding of the concept of food safety culture while also clarifying it. Practical implications – The paper will be of value to practitioners, researchers and other stakeholders involved in the food industry. Originality/value – This paper presents a unique insight into the concept of food safety culture, and presents an in-depth theoretical framework. Keywords Food safety, HACCP, Hospitality, International business, Multicultural management, National cultures www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17554211111185836 Associate Professor in Marketing, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia Linda Brennan Professor of Advertising Research at the RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the body of knowledge associated with consumer socialisation. The authors investigate how children function as socialisation agents for their parents in influencing their purchase intentions of computer and high-tech products – essentially the idea of the young educating the old. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the extant literature relating to consumer socialisation, social power and knowledge about computer related and small high-tech products yielded meaningful hypotheses. A structured survey which was required to be completed by dyads (i.e. children and parents) was mailed to Australian families in the state of Victoria. Data obtained from 180 usable responses from the dyads were analysed to test the hypotheses. Findings – Children are seen to possess expert power over their parents with regards to computer related and small high-tech products; which make them an important agent of secondary socialisation for their parents. Men are perceived as being more knowledgeable than women, a phenomenon which leads mothers to be more inclined to seek their children’s (son’s in particular) advice. Research limitations/implications – This study implies that when children are seen as experts by their parents, they become important agents of secondary socialisation. However, this only relates to the consumption of the product categories studied here. Future research needs to include other product categories in order to assess the validity of the measures. Practical implications – Marketers of computer related and small high-tech products can benefit from the findings when promoting these products to children and parents. Originality/value – This research study is unique in Australia and possibly globally. Keywords Australia, Children, Computer related products, Consumer behaviour, Consumer socialization, Family, High-tech products, Influence, Parents www.emeraldinsight.com/10.1108/17473611111185841 WHATT YC Volume 3 Number 5, 2011, pp. 455-66 Editor: Richard Teare Volume 12 Number 4, 2011, pp. 285-94 Editor: Brian Young 119 Highly Commended Awards 2012 Accounting Research Journal Auditor appointment in compulsory audit tendering Kym Butcher, Graeme Harrison, Jill McKinnon and Philip Ross Vol. 24 No. 2, 2011 Forecasting confidence under segment reporting Jacqueline Birt and Greg Shailer Vol. 24 No. 3, 2011 Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal Justification and accounting: applying sociology of worth to accounting research Marcia Annisette and Alan J. 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Cotta Vol. 21 No. 2, 2011 International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing Brand personality and customer trust in community pharmacies Jason Perepelkin and David Di Zhang Vol. 5 No. 3, 2011 Drug prescription practices in Brazil: a structural equation model Wagner Junior Ladeira, Marlon Dalmoro, Alisson Eduardo Maehler and Clécio Falcão Araujo Vol. 5 No. 4, 2011 Determinants of consumer-driven healthcare: self-confidence in information search, health literacy, and trust in information sources Sejin Ha and Yun Jung Lee Vol. 5 No. 1, 2011 International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management The impacts of product design changes on supply chain risk: a case study Yong Lin and Li Zhou Vol. 41 No. 2, 2011 136 Tax aligned global supply chains: environmental impact illustrations, legal reflections and crossfunctional flow charts Oskar Henkow and Andreas Norrman Vol. 41 No. 9, 2011 Logistics innovation process revisited: insights from a hospital case study Shong-Iee Ivan Su, Britta Gammelgaard and Su-Lan Yang Vol. 41 No. 6, 2011 International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management Performance measurement systems in supply chains: a framework for contextual analysis Richard Cuthbertson and Wojciech Piotrowicz Vol. 60 No. 6, 2011 The productivity potential assessment method: assessing and benchmarking the improvement potential in manufacturing systems at shop-floor level Peter Almström and Anders Kinnander Vol. 60 No. 7, 2011 International Journal of Public Sector Management The effects of perceived funding trends on non-profit advocacy: a national survey of non-profit advocacy organizations in the United States Robert Mark Silverman and Kelly L. 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Freeman Vol. 38 No. 3, 2011 International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy Fathers and work-life balance in France and the UK: policy and practice Abigail Gregory and Susan Milner Vol. 31 No. 1/2, 2011 Performing the cross-border economies of post-socialism Kathryn Cassidy Vol. 31 No. 11/12, 2011 Methodological issues in studying hidden populations operating in informal economy Natalia Vershinina and Yulia Rodionova Vol. 31 No. 11/12, 2011 International Journal of Structural Integrity Predicting the fatigue life of pristine and pre-corroded friction stir welded joints T. Ghidini, C. Dalle Donne and U. Alfaro Mercado Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011 Crack propagation in buckling plates: test results and a simplified numerical approach Julia Bierbaum and Peter Horst Vol. 2 No. 4, 2011 International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education Campus sustainability: emerging curricula models in higher education Tamara Savelyeva and James R. 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Deshmukh Vol. 8 No. 1, 2011 The perceived impact of JIT implementation on operations performance: evidence from Chinese firms Zhi-Xiang Chen and Kim Hua Tan Vol. 8 No. 2, 2011 Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research From the street to the prison, from the prison to the street: understanding and responding to prison gangs David Pyrooz, Scott Decker and Mark Fleisher Vol. 3 No. 1, 2011 Journal of Assistive Technologies The limitations of speech control: perceptions of provision of speech-driven environmental controls Simon Judge, Zoë Robertson and Mark Hawley Vol. 5 No. 1, 2011 Emergence of working memory in children using aided communication Janice Murray and Juliet Goldbart Vol. 5 No. 4, 2011 ‘‘ENDEA’’: a case study of multidisciplinary practice in the development of assisted technologies for older adults in Ireland Cathy Bailey, Julie Doyle, Susan Squires, Cliodhna ni Scanaill, Chie Wei Fan, Cormac Sheehan, Clodagh Cunningham and Ben Dromey Vol. 5 No. 3, 2011 Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing How salespeople deal with intergenerational relationship selling Ellen Bolman Pullins, Michael L. 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Martin Vol. 49 No. 2, 2011 Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology Data flow analysis of plant and equipment health and safety management Zainab Riaz, David J. Edwards, Gary D. Holt and Tony Thorpe Vol. 9 No. 2, 2011 142 Journal of Enterprise Information Management Critical success factors in gaining user customer satisfaction in outsourced IT services Jayachandra Bairi and B. Murali Manohar Vol. 24 No. 6, 2011 A mobile-based emergency response system for intelligent m-government services Khaled Amailef and Jie Lu Vol. 24 No. 4, 2011 Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy Criminal entrepreneurship, white-collar criminality, and neutralization theory Petter Gottschalk and Robert Smith Vol. 5 No. 4, 2011 Environmental dynamism, innovation, and dynamic capabilities: the case of China Hao Jiao, Ilan Alon and Yu Cui Vol. 5 No. 2, 2011 Indigenous wildlife enterprise: mustering swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Northern Australia Beau J. Austin and Stephen T. Garnett Vol. 5 No. 4, 2011 Journal of European Real Estate Research Systematic risk factors in European real estate equities Kai-Magnus Schulte, Tobias Dechant and Wolfgang Schaefers Vol. 4 No. 3, 2011 Time series behavior of average dynamic conditional correlations in European real estate securities markets: an empirical exploration Kim Hiang Liow Vol. 4 No. 2, 2011 The risk free rate of return in UK property pricing Norman Hutchison, Patricia Fraser, Alastair Adair and Rahul Srivatsa Vol. 4 No. 3, 2011 Journal of Facilities Management Market expectations and policy deficiencies in the promotion of building energy efficiency in China Queena K. Qian, Edwin H.W. 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Buttimer Vol. 3 No. 1, 2011 144 Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance Compensating victims of bankrupted financial institutions: a law and economic analysis Robert J. Dijkstra and Michael G. Faure Vol. 19 No. 2, 2011 Journal of Health Organization and Management Integrating or disintegrating effects of customised care: the role of professions beyond NPM Roy Liff and Thomas Andersson Vol. 25 No. 6, 2011 The mediating role of organizational subcultures in health care organizations Peter Lok, Jo Rhodes and Bob Westwood Vol. 25 No. 5, 2011 Mind the gap: understanding utilisation of evidence and policy in health care management practice Emmanouil Gkeredakis, Jacky Swan, John Powell, Davide Nicolini, Harry Scarbrough, Claudia Roginski, Sian Taylor-Phillips and Aileen Clarke Vol. 25 No. 3, 2011 Journal of Historical Research in Marketing The timeless intellectual contributions of Donald F. Dixon Robert D. 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Daim Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011 Journal of Service Management I want to believe they really care: how complaining customers want to be treated by frontline employees Thorsten Gruber Vol. 22 No. 1, 2011 Idea generation: customer co-creation versus traditional market research techniques Lars Witell, Per Kristensson, Anders Gustafsson and Martin Löfgren Vol. 22 No. 2, 2011 Paradigms in service research Bård Tronvoll, Stephen W. Brown, Dwayne D. 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Christensen Vol. 40 No. 3/4, 2011 Leadership & Organization Development Journal Emotional intelligence and leader member exchange: the relationship with employee turnover intentions and job satisfaction Peter J. Jordan and Ashlea Troth Vol. 32 No. 3, 2011 Transformational leadership, leader support, and employee creativity Millissa F.Y. Cheung and Chi-Sum Wong Vol. 32 No. 7, 2011 Leadership in Health Services Authentic and congruent leadership providing excellent work environment in palliative care Gunilla Johansson, Christer Sandahl and Birgitta Andershed Vol. 24 No. 2, 2011 Transfer of crew resource management training: a qualitative study of communication and decision making in two intensive care units Jonathon R.B. Halbesleben, Karen R. Cox and Leslie Hall Vol. 24 No. 1, 2011 Queensland Health – a leadership development journey: a case study Meagan Crethar, Jan Phillips and Paula Brown Vol. 24 No. 4, 2011 Library Hi Tech A standard procedure for Bradford analysis and its application to the periodical literature in systems librarianship Fei Xu Vol. 29 No. 4, 2011 How can educational technology facilitate student engagement with online primary sources? 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McGuigan Vol. 60 No. 7, 2011 Personal ontological information responsibility Jodi Kearns and Rhonda Rinehart Vol. 60 No. 3, 2011 Management Decision Enhancing decisions and decision-making processes through the application of emotional intelligence skills James D. Hess and Arnold C. Bacigalupo Vol. 49 No. 5, 2011 Do downsizing decisions affect organisational knowledge and performance? Helen Sitlington and Verena Marshall Vol. 49 No. 1, 2011 Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal A process directed towards sustainable business operations and a model for improving the GWP-footprint (CO2e) on Earth Göran Svensson and Beverly Wagner Vol. 22 No. 4, 2011 Industrial hazardous waste in the framework of EU and international legislation Vassilis J. Inglezakis and Antonis Zorpas Vol. 22 No. 5, 2011 Investigating the determinants of recycling behaviour in Malta Frank H. Bezzina and Stephen Dimech Vol. 22 No. 4, 2011 154 Management Research Review Managerial cognition as bases of innovation in organization Lalit Manral Vol. 34 No. 5, 2011 Building sustainability in logistics operations: a research agenda Asoke Dey, Paul LaGuardia and Mahesh Srinivasan Vol. 34 No. 11, 2011 Supply chain vs supply chain competition: a niche-based approach Imoh Antai Vol. 34 No. 10, 2011 Management Research: The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management Do emotions matter? The role of emotional intelligence competences in cross-cultural adjustment for international assignment Rachel Gabel-Shemueli and Simon Dolan Vol. 9 No. 3, 2011 Managerial Auditing Journal Big 4 auditor affiliation and accruals quality in Bangladesh M. Humayun Kabir, Divesh Sharma, Md Ainul Islam and Amirus Salat Vol. 26 No. 2, 2011 Audit quality and accrual persistence: evidence from the pre- and post-Sarbanes-Oxley periods Dennis Chambers and Jeff Payne Vol. 26 No. 5, 2011 Managerial Finance Does merger structure matter? Grace Qing Hao and John S. Howe Vol. 37 No. 12, 2011 Ex ante variables and carve-out parent returns Thomas H. Thompson Vol. 37 No. 10, 2011 The effect of analyst coverage on accounting conservatism Jerry Sun and Guoping Liu Vol. 37 No. 1, 2011 Managing Service Quality: An International Journal The influence of service environments on customer emotion and service outcomes Jiun-Sheng Chris Lin and Haw-Yi Liang Vol. 21 No. 4, 2011 Customer service understanding: gender differences of frontline employees Christine Mathies and Marion Burford Vol. 21 No. 6, 2011 155 Complex service recovery processes: how to avoid triple deviation Bo Edvardsson, Bård Tronvoll and Ritva Höykinpuro Vol. 21 No. 4, 2011 Marketing Intelligence & Planning Brand equity in higher education Maha Mourad, Christine Ennew and Wael Kortam Vol. 29 No. 4, 2011 Market intelligence and NPD success: a study of technology intensive companies in Finland Matti Haverila and Nick Ashill Vol. 29 No. 5, 2011 Mental Health and Social Inclusion Measuring the costs and benefits of promoting social inclusion Geoff Shepherd and Michael Parsonage Vol. 15 No. 4, 2011 Painting outside the lines Carol Prendergast and Poonam Swan Vol. 15 No. 3, 2011 Historical recovery heroes – Charles Darwin Elizabeth Wakely and Jerome Carson Vol. 15 No. 2, 2011 Mental Health Review Journal The relationship between personal debt and mental health: a systematic review Chris Fitch, Sarah Hamilton, Paul Bassett and Ryan Davey Vol. 16 No. 4, 2011 Nankai Business Review International Cross listing, corporate governance and corporate performance: empirical evidence of Hong Kong-listed Chinese companies Zhou Jian, Zhang Tingting and Cui Shengchao Vol. 2 No. 3, 2011 Library World The economic crisis and its effect on libraries Charles I. Guarria and Zhonghong Wang Vol. 112 No. 5/6, 2011 Using workforce structures to enable staff retention and development: an academic library case study Vanessa Warren Vol. 112 No. 1/2, 2011 The DiSCmap project: digitisation of special collections: mapping, assessment, prioritisation Duncan Birrell, Milena Dobreva, Gordon Dunsire, Jillian R. Griffiths, Richard J. Hartley and Kathleen Menzies Vol. 112 No. 1/2, 2011 156 Nutrition & Food Science Baby boomers’ desires for future health and food services Tony Worsley, Wei Wang and Wendy Hunter Vol. 41 No. 5, 2011 The role of Mediterranean diet in health and disease: an updated mini review Maria Karampola, Dimitrios Papandreou and Kelly Makedou Vol. 41 No. 1, 2011 Consumption of Fairtrade products in a municipal catering organisation Irma Tikkanen and Tiina Varkoi Vol. 41 No. 3, 2011 OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives Leveraging the FRBR model for music discovery and data sharing: autobiographical note Jenn Riley Vol. 27 No. 3, 2011 Creating a specialized music search interface in a traditional OPAC environment Bob Thomas Vol. 27 No. 3, 2011 Tunepal: searching a digital library of traditional music scores Bryan Duggan and Brendan O’Shea Vol. 27 No. 4, 2011 On the Horizon Systemic approaches to knowledge development and application Arthur M. Harkins and John W. Moravec Vol. 19 No. 2, 2011 Exploring the implications, challenges and potential of new media and learning Maree Conway Vol. 19 No. 4, 2011 Bleak horizon: a survey on new books on higher education Michael Marien Vol. 19 No. 4, 2011 Pacific Accounting Review Do resource consent announcements provide valuable information? Evidence from New Zealand Carolyn Wirth, Jing Chi and Martin Young Vol. 23 No. 3, 2011 The impact of New Zealand’s disclosure reform on differential managerial disclosure behaviour for good news versus bad news firms Alastair Marsden, Russell Poskitt and Yinjian Wang Vol. 23 No. 3, 2011 157 Performance Measurement and Metrics Applying pop-up survey software to incorporate users’ feedback into public library computing service management Marcel Chiranov Vol. 12 No. 1, 2011 Contextual approach to understanding the socio-cultural function of a public library in Japan Lisa Klopfer and Haruki Nagata Vol. 12 No. 1, 2011 Measuring the quality, value and impact of academic libraries: the role of external standards Judith Broady-Preston and Alison Lobo Vol. 12 No. 2, 2011 Personnel Review Service quality and turnover intentions as perceived by employees: antecedents and consequences Terje Slåtten, Göran Svensson and Sander Sværi Vol. 40 No. 2, 2011 Perceptions of the presence and effectiveness of high involvement work systems and their relationship to employee attitudes: a test of competing models Morris B. Mendelson, Nick Turner and Julian Barlin Vol. 40 No. 1, 2011 The role of organisational commitment in the analysis of resistance to change: co-predictor and moderator effects Riccardo Peccei, Antonio Giangreco and Antonio Sebastiano Vol. 40 No. 1, 2011 Pigment & Resin Technology Synthesis and evaluation of new antioxidants for styrene butadiene rubber Galal Nawwar, Sayed Yakout, M.S.A El-Sadiek and Salwa El-Sabbagh Vol. 40 No. 6, 2011 Innovative titanium dioxide-kaolin mixed pigments performance in anticorrosive paints Nivin M. Ahmed and Mohamed M. Selim Vol. 40 No. 1, 2011 Electrochemical properties of carbon aerogels derived from resorcinolformaldehyde-aniline for supercapacitors Zheng Jin, Yuxi Liu, Xuduo Bai, Xiaomin Ren, Chuanli Qin and Yunhua Wang Vol. 40 No. 3, 2011 Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management Effects of officers’ cynicism and their perception of managerial leadership on COP activities among South Korean police officers Chang-Hun Lee and Junseob Moon Vol. 34 No. 1, 2011 158 Outside the interrogation room: the context of confession in sexual crimes Eric Beauregard and Tom Mieczkowski Vol. 34 No. 2, 2011 Program: electronic library and information systems Quality of service in networks supporting cultural multimedia applications Dimitris N. Kanellopoulos Vol. 45 No. 1, 2011 Property Management Real estate education: an investigation of multiple stakeholders Joanna Poon, Mike Hoxley and Willow Fuchs Vol. 29 No. 5, 2011 Public property management in Italian municipalities: framework, current issues and viable solutions Carlo Vermiglio Vol. 29 No. 5, 2011 Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal The Multi-Sensory Sort (MuSeS): a new projective technique to investigate and improve the brand image Luca Cian and Sara Cervai Vol. 14 No. 2, 2011 Qualitative Research in Accounting & Management Relating performative and ostensive management accounting research: reflections on case study methodology Allan Hansen Vol. 8 No. 2, 2011 The roles of management control in a product development setting Chris Akroyd and William Maguire Vol. 8 No. 3, 2011 Management accounting systems and organisational culture: interpreting their linkages and processes of change Cristiano Busco and Robert W. Scapens Vol. 8 No. 3, 2011 Qualitative Research in Financial Markets Recovery from the current banking crisis: insights into costs and effectiveness of response regulations Lukasz Prorokowski Vol. 3 No. 3, 2011 Investment decision making from a constructivist perspective Carlo Massironi and Marco Guicciardi Vol. 3 No. 3, 2011 159 Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal The shadow in organizational ethnography: moving beyond shadowing to spect-acting Rebecca Gill Vol. 6 No. 2, 2011 Reflexive guidelines for writing organizational culture Jasmin Mahadevan Vol. 6 No. 2, 2011 Quality Assurance in Education Being professional in English language teaching services: a Delphic panel study John Walker Vol. 19 No. 4, 2011 The disabled student experience: does the SERVQUAL scale measure up? Elizabeth Vaughan and Helen Woodruffe-Burton Vol. 19 No. 1, 2011 Quality in Ageing and Older People Working in partnership with family carers: the importance of learning from carers’ experiences Joy Watkins, Lorely Stanton, Barry Saunders, Gillian Lasocki, Pat Chung and Penny Hibberd Vol. 12 No. 2, 2011 Records Management Journal A new approach to records management with the Information Workplace Platform Alexis Castillo-Soto and Gill Baker Vol. 21 No. 3, 2011 ISO 15489 and other standardized management systems: analogies and synergies Maria-Manuela Moro Cabero, Maria-Paz Martı´n-Pozuelo and José Luı´s Bonal Zazo Vol. 21 No. 2, 2011 Rising to the level of a record? Some thoughts on records and documents Geoffrey Yeo Vol. 21 No. 1, 2011 Review of Accounting and Finance The value relevance of pension accounting information: evidence from Fortune 200 firms Edward M. Werner Vol. 10 No. 4, 2011 Large creditors and corporate governance: the case of Chinese banks Yiming Hu, Siqi Li, Thomas W. Lin and Shilei Xie Vol. 10 No. 4, 2011 160 Apparent audit failures and value relevance of earnings and book value Li Dang, Kevin F. Brown and B.D. McCullough Vol. 10 No. 2, 2011 Safer Communities Inside the Youth Justice Board: ambiguity and influence in New Labour’s youth justice Anna Souhami Vol. 10 No. 3, 2011 Payment by results in the criminal justice system: can it deliver? Jon Collins Vol. 10 No. 2, 2011 Sensor Review Zero drift NDIR gas sensors Jacob Y. Wong and Mike Schell Vol. 31 No. 1, 2011 Machine vision 3D skin texture analysis for detection of melanoma L.N. Smith, M.L. Smith, A.R. Farooq, J. Sun, Y. Ding and R. Warr Vol. 31 No. 2, 2011 Determination of tool nose radii of cutting inserts using machine vision G.J. Chian and M.M. Ratnam Vol. 31 No. 2, 2011 Social Responsibility Journal CSR development problems in Lithuania: evaluation of promoting and hindering factors Rita Vilke Vol. 7 No. 4, 2011 The influence of coercive isomorphism on corporate social responsibility reporting and reputation Suaini Othman, Faizah Darus and Roshayani Arshad Vol. 7 No. 1, 2011 Society and Business Review Chronic limitations of neo-liberal capitalism and oligopolistic markets: an urgent case for socialized capital Philip Reeves Knyght, Nada K. Kakabadse, Alexander Kouzmin and Andrew Kakabadse Vol. 6 No. 1, 2011 Transformative learning in troubling times: investing in hope Maria Humphries and Michelle St Jane Vol. 6 No. 1, 2011 The illusory nature of standards: the case of standards for organic agriculture Mai S. Linneberg Vol. 6 No. 3, 2011 161 Soldering & Surface Mount Technology Silver nanoparticles effect on the wettability of Sn-Ag-Cu solder pastes and solder joints microstructure on copper K. Bukat, M. Koscielski, J. Sitek, M. Jakubowska and A. Mlozniak Vol. 23 No. 3, 2011 Process characterization and reliability for the assembly of 01005 chip components Yong-Won Lee, Keun-Soo Kim and Katsuaki Suganuma Vol. 23 No. 4, 2011 Stability investigations of automatic X-ray inspection systems István Latos and Mihály Janóczki Vol. 29 No. 2, 2011 Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal The implementation of social responsibility in purchasing in Hong Kong/Pearl River Delta: a case study Antonio, K.W. Lau Vol. 4 No. 1, 2011 How green is my outsourcer? Measuring sustainability in global IT outsourcing Ron Babin and Brian Nicholson Vol. 4 No. 1, 2011 Logistics outsourcing and company performance of SMEs: evidence from 223 firms operating in Finland Tomi Solakivi, Juuso Töyli, Janne Engblom and Lauri Ojala Vol. 4 No. 2, 2011 Strategy & Leadership The CEO’s ethical dilemma in the era of earnings management Roger Martin Vol. 39 No. 6, 2011 Time-value economics: competing for customer time and attention Adrian C. Ott Vol. 39 No. 1, 2011 Structural Survey An analysis of the costs of resilient reinstatement of flood affected properties: a case study of the 2009 flood event in Cockermouth Rotimi Joseph, David Proverbs, Jessica Lamond and Peter Wassell Vol. 29 No. 4, 2011 A framework for specifying natural hydraulic lime mortars for masonry construction A.M. Forster and K. Carter Vol. 29 No. 5, 2011 Studies in Economics and Finance Returns or valuation? Foreign equity investment in the United States Joseph J. French and Nazneen Ahmad Vol. 28 No. 3, 2011 162 Dynamic structure of the US financial systems Khaldoun Khashanah and Linyan Miao Vol. 28 No. 4, 2011 Volatility transmission and asymmetric linkages between the stock and foreign exchange markets: a sectoral analysis Tian Yong Fu, Mark J. Holmes and Daniel F.S. Choi Vol. 28 No. 1, 2011 Supply Chain Management: An International Journal Antecedents for the adoption and execution of supply chain management Herbert Kotzab, Christoph Teller, David B. Grant and Leigh Sparks Vol. 16 No. 4, 2011 Supply chain resilience in the global financial crisis: an empirical study Uta Jüttner and Stan Maklan Vol. 16 No. 4, 2011 Assessing and managing risks using the Supply Chain Risk Management Process (SCRMP) Rao Tummala and Tobias Schoenherr Vol. 16 No. 6, 2011 Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal Science and technology development and the depoliticization of the public space: the case of socially and culturally sustainable biotechnology in New Zealand Linda R. Macdonald, Richard J. Varey and James R. Barker Vol. 2 No. 1, 2011 Role of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) in seafood eco-labelling policy in Japan Darek Gondor and Hideka Morimoto Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011 Sustainable business model for biofuel industries in Indonesia Joni Jupesta, Yuko Harayama and Govindan Parayil Vol. 2 No. 2, 2011 Team Performance Management: An International Journal Turnover intentions: do leadership behaviors and satisfaction with the leader matter? Janelle E. Wells and Jon Welty Peachey Vol. 17 No. 1/2, 2011 Virtual team collaboration and innovation in organizations Leif Jarle Gressgård Vol. 17 No. 1/2, 2011 Computer simulation exploring organizational identification for contingent workers Ozgur Ekmekci and Andrea Casey Vol. 17 No. 5/6, 2011 163 The Bottom Line: Managing Library Finances Data-driven budget reductions: a case study Denise D. Novak, Afeworki Paulos and Gloriana St Clair Vol. 24 No. 1, 2011 Is the balanced scorecard right for academic libraries? Michele M. Reid Vol. 24 No. 2, 2011 The recession, budgets, expectations and realities Charles I. Guarria Vol. 24 No. 4, 2011 The British Journal of Forensic Practice What we know about men who download child abuse images Kerry Sheldon Vol. 13 No. 4, 2011 Psychology and interviewing: what direction now in our quest for reliable information? Gavin E. Oxburgh and Coral J. Dando Vol. 13 No. 2, 2011 The Electronic Library Libraries in the digital ecology: reflections and trends Francisco-Javier Garcı´a-Marco Vol. 29 No. 1, 2011 Customer service for academic library users on the web Kiran Kaur and Diljit Singh Vol. 29 No. 6, 2011 Study on a SaaS-based library management system for the Korean library network Jane Cho Vol. 29 No. 3, 2011 The International Journal of Logistics Management Explaining the effectiveness of performance-based logistics: a quantitative examination Wesley S. Randall, David R. Nowicki and Timothy G. Hawkins Vol. 22 No. 3, 2011 Organizational structure and logistics service innovation Patricia J. Daugherty, Haozhe Chen and Bruce G. Ferrin Vol. 22 No. 1, 2011 Forecasting in airforce supply chains Matthew Downing, Maxwell Chipulu, Udechukwu Ojiako and Dinos Kaparis Vol. 22 No. 1, 2011 164 The Journal of Adult Protection Conceptualising and responding to self-neglect: the challenges for adult safeguarding Suzy Braye, David Orr and Michael Preston-Shoot Vol. 13 No. 4, 2011 A study of adult protection referrals in two local authorities: an overview of findings for managers and practitioners Paul Cambridge, Jim Mansell, Julie Beadle-Brown, Alisoun Milne and Beckie Whelton Vol. 13 No. 5, 2011 The Breaking the Taboo projects – raising awareness of, and training staff in, community health and care services on violence against older women within families Charlotte Strümpel and Cornelia Hackl Vol. 13 No. 6, 2011 The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice Teaching ideas for generating critical and constructive insights into well-functioning multidisciplinary mental health teams Margaret McAllister, Shirley Morrissey, Donna McAuliffe, Graham Davidson, Harry McConnell and Prasuna Reddy Vol. 6 No. 3, 2011 Joint programmes – give them a second thought: the value of programmes leading to dual nursing and social work qualifications Jenny Weinstein and Markella Boudioni Vol. 6 No. 3, 2011 The Journal of Risk Finance The demand for micro insurance in Ghana Oscar Joseph Akotey, Kofi A. Osei and Albert Gemegah Vol. 12 No. 3, 2011 Solvency analysis and demographic risk measures Mariarosaria Coppola, Emilia Di Lorenzo, Albina Orlando and Marilena Sibillo Vol. 12 No. 4, 2011 Small enough to fail: a systems approach to financial systems reform Michael Mainelli and Bernard Manson Vol. 12 No. 5, 2011 The TQM Journal Champions in transition: the role of process orientation Uma Kumar, Kayvan Miri-Lavassani, Bahar Movahedi and Vinod Kuma Vol. 23 No. 3, 2011 Identifying ideas of attractive quality in the innovation process Lars Witell, Martin Löfgren and Anders Gustafsson Vol. 23 No. 1, 2011 165 No panaceas for organizational diseases, but better knowledge and systems thinking Tito Conti Vol. 23 No. 3, 2011 Tizard Learning Disability Review Self-injury and other challenging behaviour at intervention and ten years on: a case study Sandy Toogood, Steven Boyd, Andy Bell and Helen Salisbury Vol. 16 No. 1, 2011 Employment: what we have learned Charlotte Spencer Vol. 16 No. 2, 2011 The health of people with autistic spectrum disorders Eric Emerson, Chris Hatton, Richard Hastings, David Felce, Andrew McCulloch and Paul Swift Vol. 16 No. 4, 2011 Training & Management Development Methods Five guiding principles to help to improve diversity-training assessment Louise F. Pendry and Denise M. Driscoll Vol. 25 No. 2, 2011 Management training: what is going wrong and how to put it right Timothy Yeardley Vol. 25 No. 5, 2011 Hidden barriers to learning and how to overcome them Robbie Steinhouse Vol. 25 No. 1, 2011 Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy Generic regulation model: the evolution of a practical theory for e-government Göran Goldkuhl Vol. 5 No. 3, 2011 To mind IT or not to mind IT Helle Zinner Henriksen and Boriana Rukanova Vol. 5 No. 2, 2011 VINE Incorporating a knowledge perspective into security risk assessments Piya Shedden, Rens Scheepers, Wally Smith and Atif Ahmad Vol. 41 No. 2, 2011 Knowledge transfer as interaction between experts and novices supported by technology Maximiliane Wilkesmann and Uwe Wilkesmann Vol. 41 No. 2, 2011 166 Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes Industry perspectives on diversity research Camille Kapoor and Juan M. Madera Vol. 3 No. 4, 2011 Working together to leverage film tourism: collaboration between the film and tourism industries Simon Hudson Vol. 3 No. 2, 2011 Moving towards responsible events management’ James Musgrave Vol. 3 No. 3, 2011 Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers Feeding children’s desires? Child and parental perceptions of food promotion to the ‘‘under 8s’’ Shaun Powell, Stephanie Langlands and Chris Dodd Vol. 12 No. 2, 2011 Perceived health value of ready meals and side dishes: regional and gender differences JoAnne Labrecque, Jean-Claude Dufour and Sylvain Charlebois Vol. 12 No. 3, 2011 Danish and Chinese adolescents’ perceptions of healthy eating and attitudes toward regulatory measures Kara Chan, Gerard Prendergast, Alice Grønhøj and Tino Bech-Larsen Vol. 12 No. 3, 2011 167 Outstanding Author Contribution 2012 Advanced Series in Management Chapter 1. Theoretical approaches to e-HRM implementations Tanya Bondarouk Volume 8 Advances in Accounting Behavioral Research Multidimensional locus of control applied to the taxpayer/tax professional relationship Michelle S. Bertolini, Julia L. Higgs and Karen L. Hooks Volume 14 Advances in Accounting Education, Teaching and Curriculum Innovations Ethical leaders in accounting Patrick T. Kelly and Christine E. Earley Volume 12 Advances in Austrian Economics Hayek, connectionism, and scientific naturalism Joshua Rust Volume 15 Advances in Business and Management Forecasting Seasonal influences on electricity demand in the mid-Atlantic region Professor John F. Kros Volume 8 Advances in Business Marketing and Purchasing Managing industrialization: a resource interaction perspective Tommy Tsung Ying Shih Volume 17 Advances in Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research Cultural heritage fashion branding in Asia Eunju Ko and Seulgi Lee Volume 5 Advances in Econometrics Markov switching in portfolio choice and asset pricing models: a survey Massimo Guidolin Volume 27 Part B 168 Advances in Econometrics The elephant in the corner: a cautionary tale about measurement error in treatment effects models Daniel L. Millimet Volume 27 Part A Advances in Ecopolitics Chapter 6. Euro’s crisis: from the sovereigns to the banks and back to the sovereigns Constantin Gurdgiev Volume 8 Advances in Educational Administration Chapter 6. The challenges of school-police partnerships in large urban school systems: an analysis of New York City’s impact schools initiative Kevin P. Brady Volume 12 Advances in Gender Research Gender and labor within the Turkish context of local development in the era of globalization Dilek Hattatoglu Volume 15 Advances in Global Leadership Conceptualizing and measuring global mindset Mansour Javidan and Mary B. Teagarden Volume 6 Advances in Health Care Management Health-care organizations as ‘‘patients’’: transforming the fundamental OD paradigm Irwin M. Rubin Volume 10 Advances in Health Care Management Organizing for performance: what does the empirical literature reveal about the influence of organizational factors on hospital financial performance? Harry D. Holt, Jonathan Clark, Jami DelliFraine and Diane Brannon Volume 11 Advances in Hospitality and Leisure Exploring success factors in top careers in The Netherlands Jenny M.H. Sok, Rob J. Blomme, Debbie M. Tromp and Jaap J. Van Muijen Volume 7 169 Advances in Industrial & Labor Relations Dual alignment of industrial relations activity: from strategic choice to mutual gains Ariel Avgar and Sarosh Kuruvilla Volume 8 Advances in International Management The home-based advantages and a hierarchy of location resources: foreign and local firms dependency on location resources Lilach Nachum Volume 24 Advances in International Marketing Using formative measures in international marketing models: a cautionary tale using consumer animosity as an example Adamantios Diamantopoulos and Petra Riefler Volume 22 Advances in Librarianship Refocusing distinctive capabilities: strategic shifts in Harvard’s Baker Library Services Cynthia Churchwell, Mallory Stark and Debra Wallace Volume 34 Advances in Medical Sociology ‘‘We haven’t sliced open anyone’s brain yet’’: neuroscience, embodiment and the governance of addiction Julie Netherland Volume 13 Advances in Mergers & Acquisitions Advances in mergers and acquisitions, Mélanie Hassett Volume 10 Advances in Research on Teaching Narrative inquiry in teaching and teacher education Cheryl J. Craig Volume 13 Advances in Special Education Chapter 10. History of autism spectrum disorders Julie A. Deisinger Volume 21 170 Advances in the Economic Analysis of Participatory & Labor-Managed Firms Specialization, multiskilling, and allocation of decision rights Hideo Owan Volume 12 Advances in the Study of Entrepreneurship, Innovation & Economic Growth Globalization and directed technological change at the firm level: the European evidence Cristiano Antonelli and Alessandra Colombelli Volume 22 Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice The HAJJ: experience of Turkish female pilgrims Ebru Gunlu and Fevzi Okumus Volume 2 Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice Tourism transport, technology, and carbon dioxide emissions Paul Peeters Volume 3 Community, Environment and Disaster Risk Management Innovative approaches in disaster education Koichi Shiwaku and Glenn Fernandez Volume 7 Comparative Social Research Nordic political economy after financial deregulation: banking crises, economic experts, and the role of neoliberalism Lars Mjøset Volume 28 Contributions to Conflict Management, Peace Economics and Development Continuing conflict and international prices of commodities: theory and empirical evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa Raul Caruso Volume 17 Critical Studies on Corporate Responsibility, Governance and Sustainability The new paradigm in risk management Daniel Satchkov Volume 2 171 Current Perspectives in Social Theory The epistemological fate of the authoritarian character studies of the Frankfurt School. A legacy for the study of racism, antisemitism, and fascism? Helgard Kramer Volume 29 Current Research in the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface Whatever happened to meaning? Remarks on contextualisms and propositionalisms Jay David Atlas Volume 24 Cutting-Edge Technologies in Higher Education Fostering an ecology of openness: the role of social media in public engagement at the Open University, UK Linda Wilks and Nick Pearce Volume 3 Cutting-Edge Technologies in Higher Education Mentoring 2.0 – high tech/high touch approaches to foster student support and development in higher education Melanie Booth and Arthur Esposito Volume 2 Developments in Corporate Governance and Responsibility Chapter 9. The extent of disclosure of corporate social responsibility in Malaysia Roshima Said, Hilwani Hariri, Hasnah Haron and Yuserrie Hj. Zainuddin Volume 2 Dialogues in Critical Management Studies A libertarian socialist response to the ‘‘big society’’: the solidarity economy Bruno Frère and Juliane Reinecke Volume 1 Diversity in Higher Education Chapter 5. Woman(ist)s’ work: the experiences of black women scholars in education at predominantly white institutions Erica D. McCray Volume 9 Diversity in Higher Education Chapter 7. Their rightful place: diversity narratives, women of color agency and transformation of the academy Venice Thandi Sulé Volume 10 172 Frontiers of Economics and Globalization How growth can undermine growth: three examples Kenneth J. Arrow Volume 11 Innovation and Leadership in English Language Teaching Chapter 6. The challenge of new technologies Robert P. Waxler and Maureen P. Hall Volume 3 International Finance Review The impact of foreign government investments: sovereign wealth fund investments in the United States Elvira Sojli and Wing Wah Tham Volume 12 International Perspectives on Education and Society Educational barriers for migrant children in China: a mixed-method analysis focused on ethnic minorities Henan Cheng Volume 15 International Symposia in Economic Theory and Econometrics The collected scientific work of David Cass Steven Spear Volume 21 Library and Information Science Chapter 9. Understanding casual-leisure information behaviour David Elsweiler, Max L. Wilson and Brian Kirkegaard Lunn Volume 1 Organizing for Sustainable Effectiveness Unilever’s drive for sustainability and CSR – changing the game Philip Mirvis Volume 1 Political Power and Social Theory The more things change: a Gramscian genealogy of Barack Obama’s ‘‘post-racial’’ politics, 1932-2008 Cedric de Leon Volume 22 173 Progress in International Business Research Chapter 13. The innovation outcomes of MNC subsidiaries’ local embeddedness: evidence from the German ‘‘Bioregion Rhein-NeckarDreieck’’ local network Andreas Al-Laham and Suleika Bort Volume 6 Research in Accounting in Emerging Economies Fair value accounting usefulness and implementation obstacles: views from bankers in Jordan Walid Siam and Modar Abdullatif Volume 11 Research in Biopolitics Measuring social and political phenotypes Levente Littvay Volume 9 Research in Consumer Behavior The nouveaux pauvres of liquid modernity Sofia Ulver-Sneistrup and Jacob Ostberg Volume 13 Research in Economic Anthropology Prosperity unbound? Debating the ‘‘sacrificial economy’’ Simon Coleman Volume 31 Research in Experimental Economics Behavior in a dynamic environment with costs of climate change and heterogeneous technologies: an experiment Svetlana Pevnitskaya and Dmitry Ryvkin Volume 13 Research in Finance Time-series analysis of going-private transactions Jaehoon Kim Volume 27 Research in Labor Economics Consumption and income poverty over the business cycle Bruce D. Meyer and James X. Sullivan Volume 32 174 Research in Occupational Stress and Well-being Resilience: new paths for building and sustaining individual and organizational capacity Kelly L. Zellars, Logan Justice and Tammy E. Beck Volume 9 Research in Organizational Change and Development Developing an effective organization: intervention method, empirical evidence, and theory Michael Beer Volume 19 Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management Mindfulness at work Theresa M. Glomb, Michelle K. Duffy, Joyce E. Bono and Tao Yang Volume 30 Research in Political Economy The value and price of information commodities: an assessment of the South Korean controversy Heesang Jeon Volume 27 Research in Political Sociology School health: a way to the future? Eunice Rodriguez, Diana Austria and Melinda Landau Volume 19 Research in Public Policy Analysis and Management Chapter 12. Curbing corruption: an impossible dream? Jon S.T. Quah Volume 20 Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change Learning from failures: why and how ‘‘scale shift’’ failed to launch – evidence from the case of the Israeli-Arab Land Day Eitan Y. Alimi and Liora Norwich Volume 31 Research in Social Problems and Public Policy Privacy and secrecy: public reserve and the handling of the BP Gulf oil disaster Michael R. Edelstein Volume 19 175 Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology Building and defining behavioral economics Floris Heukelom Volume 29 Research in the Sociology of Health Care American health care: public opinion differences in the confidence, affordability, and need for reform Rebecca L. Utz, Richard Nelson and Peter Dien Volume 29 Research in the Sociology of Organizations The power of ‘‘limited liability’’ – transnational communities and cross-border governance Marie-Laure Djelic and Sigrid Quack Volume 33 Research in the Sociology of Work Reexamining the relationship between flexibility and insecurity Andrew S. Fullerton, Dwanna L. Robertson and Jeffrey C. Dixon Volume 22 Research Methodology in Strategy and Management Worth a thousand words: photographs as a novel methodological tool in strategic management Joshua L. Ray and Anne D. Smith Volume 6 Research on Economic Inequality Chapter 1. Compensation, reward, and the measurement of unfair inequalities Paolo Brunori and Vito Peragine Volume 19 Research on Emotion in Organizations The measurement of trait emotional intelligence with TEIQue-SF: an analysis based on unfolding item response theory models Leonidas A. Zampetakis Volume 11 Research on Managing Groups and Teams The impact of implicit negotiation beliefs on motivation and cognition in group negotiation Michael P. Haselhuhn and Laura J. Kray Volume 14 176 Research on Professional Responsibility and Ethics in Accounting The history of professionalization in US public accountancy Andy Garcia and James C. Lampe Volume 15 Review of Marketing Research Looking through the marketing lens: my journey so sar V. Kumar Volume 8 Sociological Studies of Children and Youth Focused: how students construct attentiveness in first-grade classrooms Noriko Milman Volume 14 Studies in Symbolic Interaction Parenting a youthful offender Jane C. Hood Volume 37 Studies in the Development of Accounting Thought United States (Chapter 5) Stephen Moehrle and Jennifer Reynolds-Moehrle Volume 14B Tourism Social Science Series Finding tourism Joseph O’Leary Volume 15 Tourism Social Science Series From steamboat to tourism economics James Mak Volume 16 177 Best Practical Implications Award 2012 This award was launched three years ago for the Paper with the Best Practical Implications. Emerald has always held to the philosophy that research in the area of business and management should have relevance for practitioners founded in rigorous academic research. The AACSB’s 2008 Impact of Research states, ‘‘schools be required to demonstrate the value of their faculties’ research not simply by listing its citations in journals, but by demonstrating the impact it has in the workaday world’’, and this principle is perfectly encapsulated in Emerald’s publishing philosophy. The criteria for selection were as follows. Required . That the article be published in the preceding year. . That there is a clear application for the research. . That the article is based on quality and rigorous research. . That the literature review and references are up to date and complete. . That the article could easily be adapted for practical use. Desirable . There is a broad application for business. . That the article has a significant number of downloads from the Emerald web site. . That the paper has been jointly authored between academic and practitioner authors. Based on these criteria, Emerald has chosen the following papers: Strategic management of business model transformation: lessons from Nokia Management Decision, Vol. 49 No. 4, 2011 Jaakko Aspara, Juha-Antti Lamberg and Arjo Laukia Department of Industrial Management, University of Technology, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland Settling for second best? Reflections after the tenth anniversary of Wal-Mart’s entry to the United Kingdom International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol. 39 No. 2, 2011 Leigh Sparks Institute for Retail Studies, Stirling Management School, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK Building a personal brand through social networking Business Strategy, Vol. 32 No. 5, 2011 Lisa Harris Senior Lecturer in Marketing at the School of Management, Southampton University, Southampton, UK Alan Rae Managing Partner at AI Consultants, Lewes, UK 178 Social Impact Award 2012 This award recognizes outstanding research that makes a tangible difference for the good of society. Reflecting Emerald’s publishing philosophy, the award was open to articles published in an Emerald journal in 2011 that demonstrated real-world application with a high social impact. The shortlist and winning paper was judged and chosen by a panel of experts from the Globally Responsible Leadership Initiative (GRLI), the largest community of businesses and business schools/learning institutions uniquely focused on developing a ‘‘new’’ generation of globally responsible leaders. The winning paper is: The ‘‘inverse care law’’ and infant mortality among whites and blacks in the United States International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 38 No. 12, 2011 Professor Rati Ram Illinois State University, USA 179 Impact of Research Award 2012 Emerald is exceedingly passionate about publishing research which has an impact; we do acknowledge however that impact cannot always be immediate. In light of this, last year the Impact of Research Award was launched. This year, three of Emerald’s leading journals and one book series participated, as they have made a significant subject-specific contribution. The winning papers must have been published before 2006 and could go back as far as the first issue of the first volume. The winning papers are seminal articles and can demonstrate impact on one or more of the headings below: . The body of knowledge. . Practice. . Teaching and learning. . Public policy making. . Society and environment. . Economy. The winners are: Corporate social and environmental reporting: a review of the literature and a longitudinal study of UK disclosure Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Vol. 8 No. 2, 1995 Rob Gray, University of St Andrews, UK Reza Kouhy and Simon Lavers, University of Dundee, UK Workplace spirituality and employee work attitudes: an exploratory empirical assessment Journal of Organizational Change Management, Vol. 16 No. 4, 2003 John Milliman, Andrew J. Czaplewski and Jeffery Ferguson University of Colorado, USA Direct selective laser sintering of metals Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1, 1995 Mukesh Agarwala, David Bourell, Joseph Beaman, Harris Marcus and Joel Barlow The University of Texas at Austin, USA Work effort, on-the-job screening and alternative methods of remuneration Research in Labor Economics, Vo. 1, 1977 John Pencavel, Stanford University, UK Job mobility, search, and earnings growth Research in Labor Economics, Vol. 8, 1986 Robert Topel 180 Best New Journal Award 2012 This award is aimed at highlighting new journals that are publishing outstanding quality research in current, strong and evolving subjects. Free access was given to the 13 journals launched in 2010. Over 600 votes were cast and the winner is: The International Journal of Law in the Built Environment The voters commented: IJLBE is imperative and the journal addresses adjudication like no other journal. It has great potential. The International Journal of Law in the Built Environment is an excellent new journal and gives a ‘‘voice’’ to those working in practice as well as academia. Congratulations are due to Paul (The Editor) and his team. The runner up is: Journal of Historical Research in Marketing The voters commented: JHRM is to me the very best new journal in marketing since the 1970s. JHRIM fills a real void in marketing. The articles are substantive and widely referenced by the academic community. It is The Source. The editors are doing a wonderful job. This is a journal that should have staying power. It fills an international need. I found that the special issues and sections are of wide interest. The quality of the articles is impressive for a new journal. 181 Outstanding Special Issue Award 2012 We recognize the very distinct contribution made by special issues to our journals and the database by making an annual award to the Guest Editor(s) of the outstanding special issue of the year. It is a way of recognizing and rewarding the very real contribution made by the Guest Editors and of acknowledging the added value brought to the journals through their hard work and expertise. Most of these guest editors undertake the full role of the ‘‘Editor’’ for that particular issue and most do not receive any monetary reward. They: . collaborate with the editor on the subject of the special issue using their own specialist subject knowledge and interest; . identify and define the subject scope of the special issue; . use their own networks to commission papers or arrange calls for papers to attract the authors to write for the issue; . manage the peer review process and reviewers and liaise with the authors for revisions if needed; . collate the issue for the Editor/Managing Editor; . write a guest editorial for the journal – these are often extensive essays which draw together the component papers and provide an overview of the topic. What makes an outstanding special issue? The criteria, by which we select and chose our winning special issues, are varied but we believe sensible, fair, and demonstrable and can be applied in all subject fields and to all journals: . internationality in content and/or authorship; . leading-edge content and originality; . broad subject interest appeal; . a consistency in the papers either through a commonality of approach or theme or their comparative nature; . the authors of the papers are some of the active and respected figures in the field; . a well written guest editorial which exhibits real understanding of the value and import of the issue, and above all; . Guest Editor(s) who put a lot into the work involved in the commissioning and production of the special issue. The winners for 2012 Emerald is particularly pleased and proud to announce the Outstanding Special Issue Awards for 2012. Winner Climate change, green house gas accounting, auditing and accountability Guest editors: Markus J. Milne and Suzana Grubnic Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Vol. 24 No. 8, 2011 This special issue of AAAJ had its origins at the University of Canterbury, at the 8th Australasian Conference on Social and Environmental Accounting Research (CSEAR) held in Christchurch, New Zealand, which encouraged submission of a broad scope of papers tied to ‘‘GHG measurement, management and sense-making’’. 182 However, during their preparation of this special issue, the editors suffered a traumatic 18 months due to the major Christchurch earthquakes, which have occasioned massive devastation to their city of location and have generated over 7,000 aftershocks in the months following. The University of Canterbury academic offices are still closed, the university internet in difficulties, and original files are still inaccessible in condemned buildings. As well, Markus and other of his Canterbury university colleagues, have had to find alternative accommodation. The 12 research papers accepted (from over 40 submitted) highlights how accounting for carbon and other GHG emissions is immensely challenging because of uncertainties in estimation methods. The research also shows the enormity of the challenge associated with reducing those emissions in the near future. Also the early signs are there that the introduction and a number of the papers will make it into our AAAJ top ten downloads as it includes other academics, policy makers and professional associations in researching the complexity around climate change, greenhouse gas accounting, auditing and accountability. This has been a job well done under extraordinarily difficult circumstances to deliver a set of AAAJ special papers that will mark the way forward for researcher on climate change, greenhouse gas accounting, auditing and accountability (James Guthrie and Lee Parker, AAAJ Editors). Highly commended International market selection and segmentation, two part issue Guest editors: Nicolas Papadopoulos and Oscar Martı́n Martı́n International Marketing Review, Vol. 28 No. 2 and 3, 2011 Double special issue featuring some massive names on a huge topic in IB. Cemented IMR ’s position as a top journal and has already has 14 citations this year since publication (Martyn Lawrence). 183 Leading Editor Awards 2012 The Leading Editor awards acknowledge the high commitment Editors have to their journals and reward their efforts to raise and maintain the standing of the journals. In recognition of this work, we reward the following editors. Leo-Paul Dana University of Canterbury, New Zealand Journal of Enterprising Communities Leo-Paul Dana is an Associate Professor in International Business at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand and has been a co-editor for the Journal of Enterprising Communities since its launch in 2007. During this time, he has displayed a high level of commitment and proficiency towards the journal. Under his leadership, the journal has developed into a respected and emerging title with a great deal of potential. Leo-Paul’s institution, the University of Canterbury, was severely affected by the earthquake that hit New Zealand in February 2011. Damage to the university resulted in lectures being held in makeshift tents and marquees whilst repair and rebuilding works took place. In spite of extensive professional and personal inconvenience, Leo-Paul continued to edit the Journal of Enterprising Communities with care and proficiency. Dianna Stone University of Texas at San Antonio, USA Journal of Managerial Psychology Journal of Managerial Psychology has become established as a highly respected journal in the field of organizational studies. Instrumental to its success is the journal’s Editor, Dr Dianna Stone, who has successfully guided the journal since her appointment in 2007. Dr Stone has repositioned the journal around research with important implications for society thus anticipating the current debate on impact. This focus on social issues has become the cornerstone of JMP ’s editorial philosophy and has enhanced both its profile and relevancy. In recognition of this Dr Stone has commissioned special issues on areas including job loss, discimination and poverty reduction. During her tenure Journal of Managerial Psychology has gained SSCI inclusion which has further reinforced its reputation for high quality research and editorial rigour. In addition Dr Stone has established a highly engaged journal community consisting of Regional Editors, Board members and authors. Sara Nolan Strategic HR Review Sara Nolan has edited Strategic HR Review for four years with Emerald and previously for a year with Melcrum Publishing. In this time Sara has consolidated Strategic HR Review as a leading publisher of case studies and qualitative research from real life business settings. In recent volumes Sara has commissioned high quality contributions from a broad range of leading organizations including Accenture, AstraZeneca, IBM and Microsoft. In this the journal brings a welcome additional dimension to Emerald’s HRM collection by presenting HR professionals’ business solutions. Sara has succeeded in building a close knit community of contributors around Strategic HR Review and has significantly raised the journal’s profile. During her editorship journal usage has improved dramatically and relations with the major HR events have been forged. The latter provide a strong platform for 184 greater internationalization in both contributions and readership. Sara has demonstrated adaptability with regard to new working practices and manages the journal with expert efficiency. Peter Stokes University of Chester, UK International Journal of Organizational Analysis Professor Stokes is a Professor of Sustainable Management, Marketing and Tourism at Chester Business School, where he has researched and published widely in a range of domains including Management Philosophy, Critical Management Studies, Marketing Pedagogy, Socio-Cultural Environments of Outdoor Management Development, French Management Development, Research Methodology and Ethics and has also reviewed extensively for a number of world-class journals. After a number of Editorial changes, Peter was recruited in 2009 as Editor of the International Journal of Organizational Analysis. Peter is very well networked and has worked hard to refocus the aims of the journal, both reinvigorating the EAB and assisting with the management of a number of regionally focused special issues. He has been invaluable in assisting us with the Organizational Studies portfolio strategy, offering guidance and support on noted academics and associations, and is always on hand to provide editorial assistance on company-led projects (i.e. semantic enrichment project, subject advisory roles). 185 Leading Books Series Editor Awards 2012 These awards acknowledge the high commitment Book Series Editors have to their series and reward their efforts to raise and maintain the standing of the publications. In recognition of this work, we reward the following editor: Anthony H. Normore California State University, USA Advances in Educational Administration Thanks to the hard work and commitment of series editor, Anthony H. Normore, Advances in Educational Administration is now making significant contributions to the body of knowledge in education administration. Since taking over leadership in 2009, Tony has brought about reviving the reputation of this cherished series by infusing it with many of his own characteristics: foresight, creativity and graft. 2012 will be a great year for the series and the four topical volumes due for publication should help cement the series reputation as the ‘‘go-to’’ publication in its field. And yet, despite the precedence set by 2012, we expect that 2013 will match, if not better, expectation. A guiding light in the education portfolio. 186 Outstanding Service Awards 2012 – Journals For long-standing support and consistently high contributions to the Emerald journals, we reward the following people. John Leopold Newcastle University, UK For his work on Personnel Review Professor John Leopold has edited Personnel Review for over four years and in this time has consolidated the journal’s position as one of the most internationally respected academic journals in the field of human resource management. During Professor Leopold’s tenure, submissions to the journal have increased significantly and he has commissioned a number of high quality special issues. Professor Leopold’s editorship has seen increase in the journal’s SSCI impact factor and consistently good performance across a wide range of rankings and indices. He has established a team of expert Associate and Regional Editors and forged connections with key conferences, most notably with the Dutch HRM Network Conference and the Academy of Management. Dr David Raitt For his work on The Electronic Library In January 1983, Dr David Raitt saw a niche for a new journal covering developments, techniques and systems in the fields of library automation, networks and mini/microcomputer applications in libraries and information centres. During 1983 David founded The Electronic Library (TEL) and has acted as the journal Editor ever since. Throughout his editorship, David has strived to build The Electronic Library into a truly international journal in terms of authorship and readership. TEL recognizes the importance of building and maintaining an international forum for research on library technology and the web which encourages the publication of high quality, double blind peer reviewed research from authors based across the globe from the UK, Europe, the USA, to the Far East, Middle East and so on. David has held previous positions such as Senior Technology Transfer Officer at the European Space Agency in The Netherlands. This award marks the culmination of 30 years of hard work which has brought the journal to the standing which we see today. TEL has been indexed in Thomson Reuters ISI for many years during David’s editorship. David’s high achievement on the journal was acknowledged and rewarded in 2007 when he received a Leading Editor Award in the Literati Awards for Excellence 2007. To further recognize and reward such a great achievement and longevity, and to mark his retirement at the end of the 2012 volume, Emerald is delighted to present David with an Outstanding Service Award. Ian Wilson For his work on Strategy & Leadership For almost four decades, Ian Wilson has been contributing articles to Strategy & Leadership that have been an invaluable resource for corporate leaders. An adviser and contributing editor to S&L, he is widely-recognized for co-authoring one of the best books on scenario planning, The Scenario Planning Handbook: Developing Strategies in Uncertain Times ( 2006). For his S&L articles Wilson drew on his 187 experience consulting on projects involving strategic management, strategic vision, and scenario planning. During his corporate career he was a senior management consultant with SRI International and had a 25-year career with General Electric where he was a pioneer in strategic planning and human resources management. Wilson, a principal of Wolf Enterprises in San Rafael, California, is also the author of a well-regarded guide for corporate leaders, The Subtle Art of Strategy: Organizational Planning in Uncertain Times (2003). Dr Ashok K. Gupta Ohio University, USA For his work on American Journal of Business After 12 years of service as Editor, Ashok Gupta is retiring from the position with the spring 2012 issue. Ashok Gupta received his PhD from Syracuse University in 1984 and has been a Professor of Marketing at Ohio University since then. He has been an eclectic author and co-author publishing on educational, business-to-business marketing, international, product innovation and technology issues. He has received numerous grants and has been an active reviewer in international journals including Journal of Marketing, Journal of Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Product Innovation Management and California Management Review. Dr Gupta began serving in 2001 as Editor for Mid American Journal of Business. Under his leadership, the journal broadened its scope with a name change to American Business Journal in 2007 and acquisition by Emerald in 2011. During his time as Editor, Ashok worked to coordinate the Editorial Advisory Board and advance the journal to where it is today. He worked closely with the Associate Editors to produce quality issues. The AJB success is testament to Ashok’s tireless enthusiasm for the journal, and we are very grateful to Ashok for all the hard work he has put in over the years. We welcome Drs Richard Reed and Susan Storrud-Barnes from the Monte Ahuja College of Business at Cleveland State University to the role of co-editors, and wish Ashok the very best for the future (Paragraph written by AJB Associate Editors). 188 Outstanding Service Awards 2012 – Books For outstanding support and consistently high contributions to the Emerald book series, we reward the following. Ken Turner University of Brighton, UK Klaus von Heusinger University of Stuttgart, Germany For their work on Current Research in the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface Both Ken and Klaus are deserved recipients of the Emerald Outstanding Service Award. They both consistently demonstrate exemplary leadership of the popular book series, Current Research in the Semantics/Pragmatics Interface. The volumes published in the series are always well received by CRISPI’s loyal readership, who appreciates the topical and cutting-edge nature of the content, written by some of the leading thinkers in linguistics. Neither editor backs away from a challenge and Emerald is fortunate to have such committed editors with such a strong vision and reputation in their fields. 189 Outstanding Reviewers 2012 Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal Professor Richard Laughlin, University of London, UK Advances in Dual Diagnosis Ian Hamilton, University of York, UK Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities Dr Max Pickard, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK Dr Robert Winterhalder, Oxleas, UK African Journal of Economic and Management Studies Dr Robert Opoku, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia Dr John Okpara, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania, USA Arts Marketing: An International Journal Dr Terry O’Sullivan, Open University, UK Dr Finola Kerrigan, King’s College London, UK Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics Taejun Lee, Bradley University, USA Asian Review of Accounting Teresa Ide Clinton, University of Ballarat, Australia Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration Vusliza Mohd Yusoff, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Assembly Automation Dr Sheng-Jen ‘‘Tony’’ Hsieh, Texas A&M University, USA Dr Nirosh Jayaweera, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka Baltic Journal of Management Dr Jannis Angelis, University of Warwick, UK British Food Journal Marija Cerjak, University of Zagreb, Croatia Heather Hartwell, Bournemouth University, UK Built Environment Project and Asset Management Dr Florence Ling, National University of Singapore, Singapore Professor Pantaleo D. Rwelimila, University of South Africa, South Africa Business Strategy Series Dr Jo Sanzgiri, Alliant International University, USA Dr Dan Kipley, Azusa Pacific University, USA 190 Career Development International Dr Bert H.J. Schreurs, Maastricht University, Belgium Professor Matthew Valle, Elon University, USA China Agricultural Economic Review Xiaohua Yu, University of Go È ttingen, Germany Dr Junfei Bai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China China Finance Review International Professor Guojin Chen, Xiamen University, China Professor Chenghu Ma, Fudan University, China Collection Building Professor Robert Holley, Wayne State University, USA COMPEL Professor Ivo Dolezel, Czech Technical University, Czech Republic Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal Dr Masoud Hemmasi, Illinois State University, USA Dr Robert Stone, Talladega College, USA Construction Innovation: Information, Process, Management Professor Chrisna du Plessis, University of Pretoria, South Africa Corporate Communications: An International Journal Dr Shaun Powell, University of Wollongong, Australia Corporate Governance Professor Yvon Pesqueux, CNAM, France Critical perspectives on international business Professor Rudolf Sinkovics, University of Manchester, UK Professor Grazia Ietto-Gillies, The Open University and King's College London, UK Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal Dr Markus G. Kittler, Stirling University, UK Drugs and Alcohol Today Professor Jane Fountain, DrugScope, UK Education + Training Staffan Nilsson, Linko È ping University, Sweden Linda Riebe, Edith Cowan University, Australia Engineering Computations Professor Layne T. Watson, Virginia Polytechnic & State University, USA 191 Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management Dr Bong-Gang Hwang, National University of Singapore, Singapore Professor Derek Walker, RMIT, Australia EuroMed Journal of Business Professor Peter Stokes, Chester University, UK Dr Hela Chebbi, EDC-Paris Business School, France European Business Review Michael Callaghan, European Journal of Marketing Byron Sharp, University of South Australia, Australia Anjala Krishen, University of Nevada, USA European Journal of Training and Development Dr Andrew Armitage, Anglia Ruskin University, UK Carolyn Ward, Teesside Business School, UK Facilities Jan Golembiewski, University of Sydney, Australia foresight Jay Forrest, USA Jack E. Smith, Defence R&D Canada, Canada Grey Systems: Theory and Application Dr Tianxiang Yao, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, People’s Republic of China Professor Kevin W. Li Health Education Jen Aaagard-Hansen, Steno Health Promotion Center, Germany History of Education Review Dr R.J. Petersen, University of Sydney (retired), Australia Professor Tom O’Donoghue, University of Western Australia, Australia Industrial Management & Data Systems Dr Chinho Lin, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, Republic of China Industrial Robot: An International Journal Professor Hong Yue, Hebei University of Technology, People’s Republic of China Information Management & Computer Security Dr Tsohou Aggeliki, University of the Aegean, Greece 192 Information Technology & People Professor Mike Chiasson, Lancaster University, UK Assistant Professor Ricardo Gomez, University of Washington, USA International Journal for Researcher Development Dr Ruth Albertyn, Stellenbosch University, South Africa Professor James Kaufman, California State University, USA International Journal of Accounting and Information Management Dr Ming Jian, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Dr Li Li Eng, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA International Journal of Bank Marketing Professor Merlin Simpson, Pacific Lutheran University, USA Dr Christopher Gan, University of Lincoln, New Zealand International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management Dr Abul Quasem Al-Amin, University of Malaya and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia International Journal of Commerce and Management Hooshang M. Beheshti, Radford University, USA Professor Paul M. Swiercz, The George Washington University, USA International Journal of Conflict Management Jean Poitras, HEC Montreal, Canada Dean Tjosvold, Lingnan University, Hong Kong International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management Professor Dogan Gursoy, Washington State University, USA Dr Karl Mayer, University of Nevada, USA International Journal of Development Issues Dr Kozo Otsuka, Ritsumeikan University, Japan Dr Amitava Dutt, University of Notre Dame, USA International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment Professor Maximiliano Korstanje, University of Palermo, Argentina International Journal of Educational Management Professor Geoffrey Soutar, The University of Western Australia, Australia Dr Rona Tutt, Past President of the National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT), UK International Journal of Emerging Markets Numan Ülkü, American University, Bulgaria David Weir, University Campus Suffolk and Affiliate Professor ESC Rennes, UK 193 International Journal of Energy Sector Management Professor Turgul Diam, Portland State University, USA Professor Kathleen Arano, Fort Hays State University, USA International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research Professor Helle Neergaard, Aarhus University, Denmark Dr Jonathan M. Scott, Teesside University, UK International Journal of Event and Festival Management Dr Richard Shipway, Bournemouth University, UK International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship Professor John Watson, University of Western Australia, Australia Dr Maura McAdam, Queen’s University Belfast, UK International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance Dr Hardeep Chahal, Jammu University, India Mrs Sally Hayes, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis Dr Chyi Lin Lee, University of Western Sydney, Australia Dr Hao Wu, University of Melbourne, Australia International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics Dr Delin Luo, Xiamen University, People’s Republic of China International Journal of Law in the Built Environment Luke Bennett, Sheffield Hallam University, UK International Journal of Managing Projects in Business Dr Kirsi Aaltonen, Aalto University, Finland International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care Giorgia Dona, University of East London, UK International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow Professor Ioan Pop, University of Cluj, Romania Professor Ali Chamka, Public Authority for Applied Education & Training, Kuwait International Journal of Public Sector Management Dr Frank Ohemeng, University of Ottawa, Canada Professor Heather McKeen-Edwards, Bishop’s University, Canada International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management Professor David Brennan, University of St Thomas, USA Dr Katherine Hartman, University of North Carolina Wilmington, USA International Journal of Social Economics Dr Terrence M. Garrett, University of Texas at Brownsville, USA 194 International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy Dr Peter Rodgers, Management School, University of Sheffield, UK International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education Ruth Pagell, University of Hawaii, USA International Journal of Wine Business Research Catherine Viot, Bordeaux University, France Abel Alonso, Auburn University, USA Internet Research Ching-Jui Keng, National Chengchi University, Taiwan, Republic of China Kuo-Lun Hsiao, Shu-Te University, Taiwan, Republic of China Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change Associate Professor Darren Henry, La Trobe University, Australia Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies Dr Ven Tauringana, Bournemouth University, UK Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research Dr Zainab Al-Attar, HM Prison Service, Manchester, UK Journal of Assistive Technologies Maurice Mulvenna, University of Ulster, UK John Woolham, Coventry University, UK Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing Dr Robert Dwyer, University of Cincinnati, USA Dr Mark Glynn, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies Dr Jianpei Li, University of International Business and Economics, People’s Republic of China Journal of Chinese Entrepreneurship Yipeng Liu, Institute for SME Research, University of Mannheim, Germany Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management Dr Judy Y. Sun, The University of Texas at Tyler, USA Journal of Communication Management Professor Peggy Smcic Bronn, Norwegian School of Management, Norway Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development Dr Zeynep Gnay, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Jeremy Wells, City and County of Denver, USA 195 Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology Professor Gary D. Holt, Centre for Business, Innovation and Enterprise, Birmingham City University, UK Journal of Enterprise Information Management Saumyendu Ghosh, University of Maryland, USA Journal of European Real Estate Research Dr Steve Bourassa, University of Louisville, USA Journal of Family Business Management Dr Rania Labaki, University of Bordeaux IV, France Dr Rebecca Fakoussa, Southampton Solent University, UK Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal Karen Kaigler-Walker, Woodbury University, USA David Burns, Xavier University, USA Journal of Financial Economic Policy Bruce McGough, Oregon State University, USA Ronnie J. Clayton, Jacksonville State University, USA Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction Professor Eddie Hui, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, People’s Republic of China Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting Dr Philip Sinnadurai, Macquarie University, Australia Journal of Health Organization and Management Joanne Travaglia, University of New South Wales, Australia Sara Singer, Harvard School of Public Health, USA Journal of Historical Research in Marketing Professor Leighann Neilson, Carleton University, Canada Dr Ben Wooliscroft, University of Otago, New Zealand Journal of Humanitarian Logistics and Supply Chain Management Dr Aristides Matopoulos, Aston University,UK Dr Burcu Balcik, Ozyegin University, Turkey Journal of Indian Business Research Dr Piyush Sharma, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Professor G. Ramesh, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore (IIMB), India Journal of Integrated Care Michelle Cornes, Kings College London, UK 196 Journal of Intellectual Capital Dr Nekane Aramburu, University of Deusto, Spain Kurt Ramin, IUCN Conservation Centre, Switzerland Journal of International Trade Law and Policy Dr Flora Xiao Huang, University of Hull, UK Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research Professor Rodney Wilson, University of Durham, UK Journal of Islamic Marketing Dr Noha M.H. El-Bassiouny, The German University in Cairo, Egypt Dr Aisha Wood Boulanouar, University of Otago, New Zealand Journal of Knowledge Management Dr Venkataraman Balaji, The Commonwealth of Learning, Canada Richard Vines, Department of Primary Industries (Victorian Government department) and University of Melbourne, Australia Journal of Knowledge-based Innovation in China Professor Loet Leydesdorff, Amsterdam University, Netherlands Dr Lee Zhuang, Staffordshire University, UK Journal of Management Development Dr Geoff Sheard, Flakt Woods Ltd, UK Professor Farhad Analoui, University of Bradford, UK Journal of Management History Associate Professor Sherry Sullivan, Bowling Green State University, USA Journal of Managerial Psychology Dr Emma Parry, Cranfield School of Management, UK Donald Gardner, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, USA Journal of Modelling in Management Dr Rajbir Singh Bhatti, Punjab Technical University, India Journal of Organizational Change Management Sebastian Fourné, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands Peter Odrakiewicz, Poznańska Wyższa Szkol/a Biznesu, Poland Journal of Place Management and Development Martin Boisen, Utrecht University, The Netherlands Ares Kalindides, INPOLIS, Germany Journal of Property Investment & Finance Dr Sieracki, KASPAR Associates, UK Professor Newell, University of Western Sydney, Australia 197 Journal of Public Mental Health Dr Chris Manning, UPstream Healthcare Ltd, UK Melanie Boyce, Anglia Ruskin University – Chelmsford, UK Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship Dr Rosalind Jones, Bangor Business School, UK Dr David Hansen, College of Charleston, USA Journal of Science and Technology Policy in China Dr Jingjing Guo, Institute of Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People’s Republic of China Journal of Service Management Dr Francois Carrillat, HEC Montreal, Canada Dr Elina Tuulikki Jaakkola, University of Turku, Finland Journal of Services Marketing Dr Eric Harris, Pittsburgh State University, USA Journal of Social Marketing Dr Krzysztof Kubacki, Griffith University, Australia Professor Walter Wymer, University of Lethbridge, Canada Journal of Strategy and Management Dr Maria Kapsali, Imperial College London, UK Professor Justin Craig, Bond University, Australia Journal of Systems and Information Technology Dr Paul Jones, Business School, University of Glamorgan, UK Journal of Workplace Learning Professor Andrea Ellinger, The University of Texas at Tyler, USA Kybernetes Martin Smith, Dr Bernard Scott, Former Reader at Cranfield University, UK Leadership in Health Services Ruth Garrett, Integral Coaching & Mediation, Canada Library Hi Tech Chris Leeder, University of Michigan, USA Dr Christine Ayar Illichmann, USA Management Decision Timothy S. Schoenecker, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, USA Olivia Kyriakidou, Athens University of Economics & Business, Greece 198 Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal Professor Joost Platje, University of Opole, Poland Management Research Review Daniela P. Blettner, University of Southern Mississippi, USA Management Research: The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management Dr Luiz Mesquita, Arizona State University, USA Professor João Vieira da Cunha, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal Managerial Finance Dr Robert Kunkel, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, USA Dr Peppi Kenny, Western Illinois University, USA Managing Service Quality: An International Journal Dr Mark S. Rosenbaum, Northern Illinois University, USA Professor John Crotts, College of Charleston, USA Marketing Intelligence & Planning Dr Yvonne von Friedrichs, Midsweden University, Sweden Professor Chanaka Jayawardhena, Hull University Business School, UK Meditari Accountancy Research Charl de Villiers, University of Auckland, New Zealand Abdel Halabi, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures Professor Mehran Moazen, University of Leeds, UK Multinational Business Review Dr Gary Knight, Florida State University, USA Professor Sarianna Lundan, University of Bremen, Germany Nankai Business Review International Professor Wu Bing, East China University of Science and Technology, People’s Republic of China OCLC Systems & Services: International digital library perspectives Robert Fox, Notre Dame University Libraries, USA Frederick Zarndt, Global Connexions, USA On the Horizon David Pearce Snyder, The Snyder Family Enterprise, USA Maree Conway, Thinking Futures, Australia Pacific Accounting Review Dr Humayun Kabir, AUT University, New Zealand Dr David Upton, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA 199 Personnel Review Dr Akram Al Ariss, Toulouse Business School, France Dr Christopher Chan, York University, Canada Pigment & Resin Technology Dr Zhenhua Gao, Northeast Forestry University, People’s Republic of China Dr Haijun Niu, Heilongjiang University, People’s Republic of China Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management Timothy Hart, University of Nevada Las Vegas Yumin R. Wang, Keimyung University, Republic of Korea Program: electronic library and information systems Dr Nikos Korfiatis, University of Frankfurt, Germany Property Management Professor Chris Eves, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Philip Leverton, College of Estate Management, UK Quality Assurance in Education Adrienne Curry, University of Stirling, UK Quality in Ageing and Older People Dr Fiona Poland, University of East Anglia, UK Rapid Prototyping Journal Professor Kenny Dalgarno, Newcastle University, UK Records Management Journal Elizabeth Lomas, Northumbria University, UK Reference Services Review Jim Hahn, University of Illinois at Urbana, USA Steven Zink, Nevada System of Higher Education, USA Review of Accounting and Finance Li-chin Jennifer Ho, University of Texas at Arlington, USA Joseph McCarthy, Bryant College, USA Sensor Review Dr Zhou Gaofeng, Xi’an Jiaotong University, People’s Republic of China Dr Ovidiu Ghita, Dublin City University, Ireland Soldering & Surface Mount Technology Dr Davide di Maio, National Physical Laboratory, UK Professor Yulai Gao, Shanghai University, People’s Republic of China 200 Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal Dr Chris Lonsdale, University of Birmingham, UK Mostafa Nejati, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia Strategy & Leadership Robert J. Allio, Allio & Associates, USA Studies in Economics and Finance Dr Liyan Yang, University of Toronto, Canada Supply Chain Management: An International Journal Professor Holger Schiele, University of Twente, The Netherlands Dr Daniel Chicksand, Warwick Business School, UK Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal Dr Helen Tregidga, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand Team Performance Management: An International Journal Dr Valerie I. Sessa, Montclair State University,USA The British Journal of Forensic Practice Professor Kirk Heilbrun, Department of Psychology, Drexel University, USA Martin Fisher, HR Directorate, A/SW Regional Psychologist, NOMS, Ministry of Justice, UK The Electronic Library Dr Esharenana Adomi, Delta State University, Nigeria Dr Stephen Mutula, University of Botswana, Republic of Botswana The International Journal of Logistics Management Dr Ted Lirn, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China The Journal of Adult Protection Paul Cambridge, University of Kent, UK Jonathan Parker, Bournemouth University, UK The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice Margaret McAllister, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia The TQM Journal Professor Yu-Cheng Lee, Chung-Hua University, Taiwan, Republic of China and City College, Greece Tizard Learning Disability Review Steven Carnaby, Westminster Learning Disability Partnership, UK Tony Osgood, Tizard Centre, University of Kent, UK Training & Management Development Methods Dr Shailja Agarwal, Indian Institute of Management Rohtak, India 201 Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy Professor Goran Goldkuhl, Linkoping University, Sweden VINE Dr John Dumay, University of Sydney, Australia Professor Thomas Menkhoff, Thomas Menkhoff Young Consumers: Insight and Ideas for Responsible Marketers Dr Lisa McNeill, University of Otago, New Zealand 202 Emerald Partnership Award – Publishing Partner 2012 University Vocational Awards Council (UVAC) The University Vocational Awards Council (UVAC) is a not-for-profit organization set up in 1999 by the higher and further education sector. UVAC provides an independent voice for members on matters relating to higher level vocational learning with a mission to champion higher level vocational learning. UVAC has a membership of approximately 80 universities, colleges, corporate members and Lifelong Learning Networks, a strategic relationship with the Lifelong Learning Network National Forum and provides the secretariat to the Mixed Economy Group of Colleges. Emerald is pleased to support the development of UVAC through partnering together to publish the 2011 launch journal, Higher Education, Skills and Work-based Learning. The new journal, edited by Professor Paul Gibbs of the Institute for Work Based Learning, Middlesex University, publishes academic and scholarly practitioner-focused papers providing broad international coverage of issues, developments and innovation in higher level skills, higher level work-based learning and higher education. The editorial policy of the journal is to facilitate relevant and rigorous national and international debate, research and practice that is impactful. The journal is targeted at academics researching in the area of higher level skills, training providers and work based learning practitioners who provide or support the delivery of higher level skills, those who direct policy at institutional and national levels and those whose learning is the focus of this effort. The Publishing Partner Award is given to UVAC in recognition of the ongoing support that both the Editor, the UVAC Board and the members of the Association have given to the new journal during its inaugural year. 203 Emerald Management Reviews Citations of Excellence Awards These renowned awards reward authors of exceptional papers covered in our Emerald Management Reviews database. Emerald Management Reviews is a vast database of 300,000+ article abstracts from the top 300 management publications worldwide, as selected by an independent accreditation board of industry experts. Publications on the prestigious Emerald Management Reviews Coverage List include, for example, Harvard Business Review, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Finance, and Strategic Management Journal, not just Emerald titles. While all publications on the list are already guaranteed to be of the highest quality, having been through a rigorous accreditation process, just 50 articles across the whole database are singled out for special praise and awarded a Citation of Excellence each year. With 15,000 article abstracts added to the Emerald Management Reviews database annually, receiving a Citation of Excellence is an extraordinary achievement and represents one of the highest accolades that an author can achieve. For 2012, Emerald has been working with Professor Anne-Wil Harzing, using the Publish or Perish software program, to select the winners using a two-tier system based on citations and research impact, as follows: . The number of citations received by each paper abstracted for Emerald Management Reviews over the previous three years has been analysed using Anne-Wil Harzing ’s Publish or Perish citations analysis software, and separated into the main subject areas within management, economics and business. As papers need at least three years to accumulate citation data, the 2012 Awards have been selected from papers published in 2008. . A shortlist of the most highly cited papers for each subject area then goes to an editorial judging panel, who choose the final 50 best papers based on research impact using Emerald’s Impact of Research quality criteria, developed in conjunction with editors of over 250 Emerald journals. The winners are: A comprehensive model and measure of compensation satisfaction M.L. Williams, H.H Brower, L.R. Ford, L.J. Williams and S.M. Carraher Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, Vol. 81 No. 4, 2008 A dynamic perspective on next-generation offshoring: the global sourcing of science and engineering talent S. Manning, S. Massin and A.Y. Lewin Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol. 22 No. 3, 2008 A meta-analysis of work demand stressors and job performance: examining main and moderating effects S. Gilboa, A. Shirom, Y. Fried and C. Cooper Personnel Psychology, Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008 A multi-stage model of word-of-mouth influence through viral marketing A. De Bruyn and G.L. Lilien International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 25 No. 3, 2008 A room with a viewpoint: using social norms to motivate environmental conservation in hotels N.J. Goldstein, R.B. Cialdini and V. Griskevicius Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 35 No. 3, 2008 204 A trust-based consumer decision-making model in electronic commerce: the role of trust, perceived risk, and their antecedents D.J. Kim, D.L. Ferrin and H.R. Rao Decision Support Systems, Vol. 44 No. 2, 2008 Acceptance of blog usage: the roles of technology acceptance, social influence and knowledge sharing motivation C.-L. Hsu and J.C.-C. Lin Information & Management, Vol. 45 No. 1, 2008 Audit pricing, legal liability regimes, and Big 4 premiums: theory and cross-country evidence J.-H. Choi, J.-B. Kim, X. Liu and D.A. Simunic Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol. 25 No. 1, 2008 Collective risk management in a flight to quality episode R.J. Caballero and A. Krishnamurthy The Journal of Finance, Vol. 63 No. 5, 2008 Delight by design: the role of hedonic versus utilitarian benefits R. Chitturi, R. Raghunathan and V. Mahajan Journal of Marketing, Vol. 72 No. 3, 2008 Determinants of accepting wireless mobile data services in China J. Lu, C. Liu, C.-S. Yu and K. Wang Information & Management, Vol. 45 No. 1, 2008 Does self-employment reduce unemployment? A.R. Thurik, M.A. Carree, A. Van Stel and D.B. Audretsch Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 23 No. 6, 2008 Early predictors of job burnout and engagement C. Maslach and M.P. Leiter Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 93 No. 3, 2008 Earnings quality at initial public offerings R. Ball and L. Shivakumar Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 45 No. 2, 2008 Entrepreneurial orientation and new venture performance: the moderating role of intra- and extraindustry social capital W. Stam and T. Elfring Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 51 No. 1, 2008 Ethics programs, perceived corporate social responsibility and job satisfaction S. Valentine and G. Fleischman Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 77 No. 2, 2008 Foreign acquisitions by Chinese firms: a strategic intent perspective H. Rui and G.S. Yip Journal of World Business, Vol. 43 No. 2, 2008 Gender diversity in corporate governance and top management C. Francoeur, R. Labelle and B. Sinclair-Desgagné Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 81 No. 1, 2008 Global supply chain risk management I. Manuj and J.T. Mentzer Journal of Business Logistics, Vol. 29 No. 1, 2008 Growth dynamics: the myth of economic recovery V. Cerra and S.C. Saxena American Economic Review, Vol. 98 No. 1, 2008 Harnessing the power of the oh-so-social web J. Bernoff and C. Li MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol. 49 No. 3, 2008 205 Incubator best practice: a framework A. Bergek and C. Norrman Technovation, Vol. 28 No. 1, 2008 Mandatory IFRS reporting around the world: early evidence on the economic consequences H. Daske, L. Hail, C. Leuz and R. Verdi Journal of Accounting Research, Vol. 46 No. 5, 2008 Mastering the management system R.S. Kaplan and D.P. Norton Harvard Business Review, Vol. 86 No. 1, 2008 More than words: quantifying language to measure firms’ fundamentals P.C. Tetlock, M. Saar-Tsechansky and S. Macskassy The Journal of Finance, Vol. 63 No. 3, 2008 Organizational ambidexterity: antecedents, outcomes and moderators S. Raisch and J. Birkinshaw Journal of Management, Vol. 34 No. 3, 2008 Reinventing your business model M.W. Johnson, C.M. Christensen and H. Kagermann Harvard Business Review, Vol. 86 No. 12, 2008 Resistance to change: the rest of the story J.D. Ford, L.W. Ford and A. D’Amelio Academy of Management Review, Vol. 33 No. 2, 2008 Revisiting the relation between environmental performance and environmental disclosure: an empirical analysis P.M. Clarkson, Y. Li, G.D. Richardson and F.P. Vasvari Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 33 No. 4, 2008 Servant leadership: development of a multidimensional measure and multi-level assessment R.C. Liden, S.J. Wayne, H. Zhao and D. Henderson The Leadership Quarterly, Vol. 19 No. 2, 2008 Should you invest in the long tail? A. Elberse Harvard Business Review, Vol. 86 No. 7, 2008 Strategic capacity rationing to induce early purchases Q. Liu and G.J. van Ryzin Management Science, Vol. 54 No. 6, 2008 Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions V. Venkatesh and H. Bala Decision Sciences, Vol. 39 No. 2, 2008 The cost to firms of cooking the books J.M. Karpoff, D.S. Lee and G.S. Martin Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol. 43 No. 3, 2008 The dynamics of online word-of-mouth and product sales – an empirical investigation of the movie industry W. Duan, B. Gu and A.B. Whinston Journal of Retailing, Vol. 84 No. 2, 2008 The fit between product market strategy and business model: implications for firm performance C. Zott and R. Amit Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 29 No. 1, 2008 206 The impact of marketing-induced versus word-of-mouth customer acquisition on customer equity growth J. Villanueva, S. Yoo and D.M. Hanssens Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 45 No. 1, 2008 The importance of distinguishing errors from irregularities in restatement research: the case of restatements and CEO/CFO turnover K.M. Hennes, A.J. Leone and B.P. Miller The Accounting Review, Vol. 83 No. 6, 2008 The relationship of age to ten dimensions of job performance T.W.H. Ng and D.C. Feldman Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 93 No. 2, 2008 The relative sophistication of Chinese exports P.K. Schott Economic Policy, Vol. 23 No. 53, 2008 Toward a further understanding of the relationships between perceptions of support and work attitudes: a meta-analysis T.W.H. Ng and K.L. Sorensen Group & Organization Management, Vol. 33 No. 3, 2008 Toward a theory of familiness: a social capital perspective A.W. Pearson, J.C. Carr and J.C. Shaw Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Vol. 32 No. 6, 2008 Toward improving the relevance of information systems research to practice: the role of applicability checks M. Rosemann and I. Vessey MIS Quarterly, Vol. 32 No. 1, 2008 Trade, quality upgrading, and wage inequality in the Mexican manufacturing sector E.A. Verhoogen Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 123 No. 2, 2008 Understanding the impact of personality traits on individuals’ turnover decisions: a meta-analytic path model R.D. Zimmerman Personnel Psychology, Vol. 61 No. 2, 2008 Unraveling the food supply chain: strategic insights from China and the 2007 recalls A.V. Roth, A.A. Tsay, M.E. Pullman and J.V. Gray Journal of Supply Chain Management, Vol. 44 No. 1, 2008 Using corporate social responsibility to win the war for talent C.B. Bhattacharya, S. Sen and D. Korschun MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol. 49 No. 2, 2008 When does guanxi matter? Issues of capitalization and its dark sides F.F. Gu, K. Hung and D.K. Tse Journal of Marketing, Vol. 72 No. 4, 2008 Which kind of collaboration is right for you? G.P. Pisano and R. Verganti Harvard Business Review, Vol. 86 No. 12, 2008 Who makes acquisitions? CEO overconfidence and the market’s reaction U. Malmendier and G. Tate Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 89 No. 1, 2008 207 General enquiries: UK Head Office Emerald Group Publishing Limited Howard House, Wagon Lane Bingley BD16 1WA United Kingdom T +44 (0) 1274 777700 F +44 (0) 1274 785201 E emerald@emeraldinsight.com International enquiries: Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Howard House (Bingley, UK) Emerald Group Publishing Inc. 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