Young Africa - Mondial Apeldoorn

Transcription

Young Africa - Mondial Apeldoorn
Young Africa
Annual report 2012
International
Zimbabwe
Mozambique - B
eira
Mozambique - D
ondo
Namibia
Young Africa
www.youngafrica.org
Colophon
Report prepared by: Lay-out by: Cover pictures: © Pictures: Dorien Beurskens, Raj A. Joseph, Aksana Varela, Enet Mukurazita,
Gonneke Campen, Mathieu Beurskens, Anke Koolen,
Yvette Bellens, Dirk Bellens.
Madeleine Frelier
Students YA Mozambique – Beira
Young Africa
Young Africa International
Young Africa Mozambique
Physical address:
Floralaan 2
7321 BB Apeldoorn
The Netherlands
Physical addresses:
Postal address:
Postbus 2089
7301 DB Apeldoorn
T: +31 (0)570 656733
E: ya.int@youngafrica.org
Young Africa Centro de Formaçao
Talhão 545/6
Auto-Estrada EN6
Manga – Nova Chamba
Beira
E: ya.moz@youngafrica.org
Young Africa Agri-Tech
Macharote
Dondo
E: ya.dondo@youngafrica.org
Young Africa Zimbabwe
Physical address:
Young Africa Skills Centre
21468 Mharapara Road
Unit L - Seke
Chitungwiza
Postal address:
Caixa Postal 137
Beira
T: +258 (0)23 302083
Young Africa Epworth
Overspill Epworth
Postal address:
PO Box SK150
Seke, Chitungwiza
T: +263 (2)70 23659 / 30076
E: ya.zim@youngafrica.org
Young Africa Namibia
Physical address:
Topaaslaan 7
3523 AX Utrecht
Young Africa
T: +31 (0) 30 8891467
E: ya.nam@youngafrica.org
1
Table of contents
1. Introduction3
2. Young Africa4
2.1 Five Foundations4
2.2 Umbrella foundation6
2.3 Results7
2.4 Young Africa’s Mission7
2.5 YA’s implementation methodology9
3. YA International12
3.1 Activities in 201212
3.2 Umbrella Foundation 12
3.3 Creating awareness14
3.4 Sharing expertise15
3.5 Fundraising16
3.6 Volunteers16
3.7 Results17
3.8 Resources18
3.9 Challenges and Lessons learned20
3.10 Goals for 201320
4. YA Zimbabwe21
4.1 Activities in 201221
4.2 Results24
4.3 Human Resources 25
4.4 Financial Resources27
4.5 Challenges and Lessons Learnt28
4.6 Goals for 201328
5. YA Mozambique - Beira 29
5.1 Activities 201229
5.2 Results33
5.3 Human Resources34
5.4 Financial Resources36
5.5 Challenges and Lessons learned37
5.6 Goals37
6. YA Mozambique - Dondo 38
6.1 Activities Young Africa Agri-Tech – Dondo
38
6.2 Output/Results41
6.3 Human Resources41
6.4 Financial Resources42
6.5 Challenges & Lessons learned43
6.6 Goals 201343
Young Africa
7.YA Namibia44
7.1 Activities44
7.2 Financial Resources45
7.3 Goals for 201346
2
Building bridges is also building the capacity of
people. That’s exactly what our Young Africa’s
in Africa do. In that regard Twenty Twelve has
been a good year for Young Africa. We are
especially proud of our two directors in Zimbabwe and Mozambique, who have managed
our centres with efficiency and vision.
Enet Mukurazita (YA Chitungwiza and Epworth) succeeded expanding the centre in Epworth and designed a programme for mobile
vocational training in rural districts of Zimbabwe. She represented Young Africa impressively
at several international conferences and gave
talks about the toolkit on HIV/AIDS prevention
effectiveness in the USA and Ethiopia. All this
besides running the usual training programmes
and striking new strategic partnerships under
still constrained circumstances in the country.
YA Beira’s director Aksana Varela, in Mozambique, brought about a higher level of
collaboration from heads of the franchised
departments. Under her guidance the number
of students reached 2000 per year and 85%
of our graduates is economically active after
their training. The studio for audio and video
recording managed to double its investment
out of its own income. The greatest result is
that she succeeded in budgetting the new year
2013 with 100% self-reliance. This means that
the operational costs of the training centre are
fully paid for by income from the project itself.
At the end of 2012 the Centro de Formação’s
management was completely handed over to
the local team under Aksana’s leadership.
Yvette and Dirk Bellens managed to commence the first activities of YA Namibia.
Introduction
A youngster in the UK who raised £600 selling
cakes; groups in Ireland doing sponsored
mountain hikes; students in The Netherlands
running micro-enterprises and donating the
profit; ex-volunteers in Germany and Austria
selling photo exhibits and giving talks and
contributing their proceeds; volunteers as
individuals and in groups that came to Africa
to share their time and work: development
is about building bridges. Bridges that close
a little of the gap between different levels of
riches in our world.
In the township Kuisebmund near Walvisbay
life skills education has been started through
a local teacher. In The Netherlands they won
the ‘Cycling Scores’ award for the solar energy
training programme. 2012 has paved the way
for Yvette and Dirk to full-time dedicate themselves to move to Namibia and jump-start the
‘green technology branch’ of Young Africa.
Young Africa Agri-Tech in Dondo, Mozambique
made a leap forward as well: 10 classrooms
were constructed, we have made headway
with curriculum development, the first courses
took place and we were awarded donor
contracts to finance our core programme in
agricultural skills training.
Bernadette Chopra of our supporting foundation in the US unfortunately resigned from the
presidency of Young Africa USA. We respect
her decision and are grateful for the efforts
she put in. We are looking for new avenues
(and new people!) to make fundraising in the
United States work for us.
Heimen van Andel, chairman of YA International visited our works in Africa. Asked about his
impressions he mentioned the commitment
and enthusiasm for quality education of all
staff, students and board members he met. He
and our colleagues in The Netherlands have
gone to great heights to create an ever wider
network of support for the centres in Africa.
Selection into the prestigious Ashoka Fellowship of Dorien Beurskens is but an example
of this.
As executive directors we are grateful for
all bridges built and proud of all who have
contributed creating them: our students, staff,
partners, donors, colleagues. May this Annual
Report 2012, standing on the bridge of compassion, respect and development, give you a
peek into our work, its
challenges and results.
Raj A. Joseph
& Dorien Beurskens
Executive directors
Young Africa International
YA Mo
z
ambiq
Young Africa
1. Introduction
ue
3
Young Africa (1998) is a group of local NGO’s
in Africa, The Netherlands and the USA for
empowerment of underprivileged young
people between 15 and 25 years. YA sets up
demonstration empowerment projects that
can be replicated. Integral empowerment of
young people is accomplished through offering
its programmes simultaneously, geared to
equip young people with the skills and facilities to build up a life of dignity for themselves
and their communities. Young Africa employs
the participatory development methodology
through franchising and involving entrepreneurs of the private sector to run the training
programmes. Young Africa sets up the infrastructures that would enable the local community to take up the management of the project.
This innovative style of running a development
project has the potential of attaining selfreliance in 5 years’ time. YA intends to set up
a model project in each country of Southern
Africa and lobby with relevant authorities to
see the importance of TVET for economic development and poverty alleviation and allocate
more funds to youth development.
Young Africa runs two TVET centres in Chitungwiza and Epworth, Zimbabwe and one in Beira,
Mozambique. The centres have educated over
8500 underprivileged young people in periurban areas in vocational industrial trades.
Evaluations
showed that
83% of the
graduates are
employed or selfemployed (Mozambique, 2010);
70% of the graduated students are
socially and economically empowered
after their training
(Zimbabwe, 2005;
Mozambique, 2010).
Partnerships with
the private sector in the training departments
ensure a cost-effective way of running a TVET
school. In Mozambique, 83% of self-reliance
(operational income covering operational
costs) has already been reached.
In Zimbabwe, in spite of prohibitive economic
conditions, this figure is 70%. The teachers training manual and the manual on the franchise
model developed by Young Africa are being
used by other organisations.
Thanks to the positive results booked at these
three centres, Young Africa has become a
visibly successful actor in the TVET scene. YA
is extending its success in industrial vocational
training to the agricultural sector by setting up
an agricultural skills training centre in Dondo,
Mozambique.
2.1 Five Foundations
Young Africa was born from the dream of
two visionaries, Dorien Beurskens and Raj A.
Joseph. A small team of dedicated supporters
joined in with their hearts and hard work.
Dorien and Raj founded Young Africa in the
Netherlands (1998), Zimbabwe (1998) and
Mozambique (2006). Nowadays, they are the
executive directors of Young Africa International. They set up the Young Africa Skills Training
Centres till they are ready to be handed over
to local management. After handing over, they
keep monitoring them.
Young Africa International was set up in the
Netherlands as a charitable organisation, duly
registered under no. 08077496. Consisting
of volunteers, it is advised by the executive
directors of Young Africa who are in charge
of setting up the Young Africa Skills Training
Centres in Southern Africa and coordinating
between the different YA’s. Since its founding in 1998, YA International has taken up
the tasks of fundraising for the projects in
Africa, marketing the products made by artists
from the project, through various venues
creating an awareness about the situation of
youngsters in Africa and inspires other organisations to replicate YA’s successful implementation methodologies: the franchise concept
and integral approach to development. Young
Africa International serves as an umbrella
foundation.
Young Africa
2. Young Africa
4
Youn
You
nggAfr
Afr
ica
ica
Young Africa Zimbabwe is an independent nongovernmental organisation and a Charitable
Trust, registered with the Registrar of Deeds,
no. M.A. 1343/98. It is the legal owner of both
the Young Africa Skills Centre (YASC) at Unit
L, Seke, Chitungwiza, and its satellite centre
in Epworth, both high density areas near the
capital Harare. The Centres are recognized by
the Ministry of Youth Development, Gender
and Employment Creation. YASC, on 2 hectare,
was opened in 2001 and handed over in 2006,
as was Epworth.
In Mozambique, the legal owner of the Young
Africa Skills Training Centres is the local association Young Africa. It is an independent
non-governmental organisation and registered with the “Conservatório dos Registos da
Beira”, under number 60/31/Q-UM. The Young
Africa Centro de Formação in Beira,
also on a plot of land of 2
hectare, donated by the
municipality, opened in
2007 and was handed over
to local management in 2011.
The executive directors are
now setting up the Agricultural Skills Training Centre in
Dondo, 30 km from Beira. The
200 hectare of land for this
Centre was given by the municipality as well.
Young Africa Namibia was founded in 2011 by Dirk and Yvette
Bellens, former capacity building
advisors of Young Africa Zimbabwe. They aim to set up a Skills
Training Centre in Kuisebmund, a township
near Walvisbay.
Young Africa
In the USA, our supporting foundationYoung
Africa- USA, Inc., was founded in March 2009
with the aim to raise awareness in the United
States about the plight of young people in Africa and raise funds to support the YA projects
in Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It expands the
support base of Young Africa from Europe to
the Americas. Young Africa-USA is a registered
501(c)(3) Non-profit Foundation in the US and
consist only of volunteers.
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Young Africa
2.2 Umbrella foundation
Young Africa international serves as an umbrella foundation of the different Young Africa’s.
See below the organogram. The organisational
structure as elaborated for YA Beira is exemplary for “YA Zimbabwe” and “YA Namibia” as
well.
Young Africa International
Foundation in the Netherlands
Executive directors
YA Namibia
Charitable
Trust
YA Mozambique
YA Zimbabwe
assocation
Charitable Trust
YA USA
non-profit
foundation
Managment
Board
Director YA
Beira
Support
staff
Hostel staff
Programma
coordinator
Marketing
officer
Heads of
department
School
parliament
Staff of
franchisees
Target group
There is a direct relationship between the
board of YA International and the executive
directors (the founders Dorien Beurskens and
Raj A. Joseph). There is an indirect relationship
between YA International and YA Mozambique,
Zimbabwe, Namibia and YA USA. The board
of YA International sets up the framework in
which the different Young Afica’s work and
guides the policy of these Young Africa’s, so
that the projects operate within the mission
and vision of Young Africa and the premises
and buildings are not to be alienated.
same
structure as
YA Beira
Tasks of the board of YA International:
1. Establishing frameworks within which
the different Young Africa organisations
operate.
2. Setting up skills training centres and get
them self-reliant: thus raising the funds
for building the centre and a contribution
to the running costs until the centre is
handed over to local management. This
support is achieved through awarenessraising, fundraising and deployment of
volunteers to the projects.
3. Monitoring the centres that are handed
over to local management.
4. Coordination of the different YA’ s.
Young Africa
Administrator
Director YA
Dondo
6
All Young Africa’s are set up as independent
NGO’s. Young Africa Zimbabwe, Mozambique
and Namibia are owners of the Young Africa
Skills Training Centres. All NGO’s have the same
organisational structure. The Trust or association is owner of the Centres and monitors them,
supported by a Management Board. Each
Centre has its own local team consisting of a director, administrator, programme coordinator
and marketing officer. This team reports to the
Management Board and Board of Trustees.
2.3 Results
The 10 most important results of 14 years
Young Africa:
1. 3 Young Africa Skills Training Centres
constructed, equipped and handed over
to local management, 2 in Zimbabwe, 1 in
Mozambique
2. more than 21,000 youngsters trained, of
whom 8,500 in vocational training
3. an average of 1000 beneficiaries per year
per Skills Training Centre are trained
4. evaluations in Zimbabwe have shown that
80% of the educated youngsters feels economically and socially enriched after their
training
5. 83% of the graduated students in Mozambique find a job, apprenticeship or start a
business
6. 80% of the youngsters makes responsible
choices in regard to HIV/AIDS
7. the innovative franchise concept has been
replicated by GO’s and NGO’s
8. Centre in Beira starts 2013 with 100% selfreliant budget (centre’s income covers
running costs)
Young Africa
9. Both skills centres in Mozambique supported and recommended by European Union
10. Young Africa was voted Best Development Project in The Netherlands in 2007
2.4 Young Africa’s Mission
2.4.1 Mission
Young Africa’s mission is the integral development of underprivileged youth. We empower
young people through practical skills training
and by encouraging them to earn a decent
living through income- generating projects.
We teach them skills of hand to make them
self-reliant, skills of heart and mind to live with
dignity and responsibility, skills of the soul to
live with purpose.
2.4.2 Aims
We have identified seven aims that are essential to accomplishing our mission:
• Integral empowerment of underprivileged
youth (economical, intellectual, social,
emotional, spiritual)
• Enablement of youngsters to become
agents of change in their society
• Active involvement of community members
• Poverty reduction
• Contribution to a fair society, including
gender equality
• Youth motivation to make positive
changes in lifestyle and behaviour and in
relation to HIV/Aids specifically
• Prompt governmental and non-governmental authorities to offer holistic and
sustainable youth training
Young Africa
Tasks of the executive directors of YA International:
1. To set up skills training centres:
• They set up a centre themselves (e.g.
now YA Dondo in Mozambique)
• They delegate to others the setting
up of a centre and monitor the proceedings (e.g. now YA Namibia).
2. To monitor the independent skills training
centres (now YA Zimbabwe)
3. To intermediate: coordination between the
various YA’s
4. To fundraising abroad (e.g. through YA
USA)
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2.4.5 Millennium Development Goals
By fulfilling its mission and aims, Young Africa
actively contributes to achieving the following Millennium Development Goals, to end
poverty by 2015:
1. Eradicate extreme hunger and poverty
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote gender equality and empower
women
4. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
5. Environmental sustainability
6. Develop a global partnership for development.
Young Africa
2.4.3 Objectives
To fulfil our mission and aims, we commit
ourselves to:
• Initiate and provide facilities for skills training, coaching and tutorials for youth and
their future teachers
• Instil students with a clear sense of direction and purpose, as well as raising awareness about gender equality, responsible
sexual behaviour, HIV/AIDS, civic society
and the environment
• Provide and maintain micro-enterprise
facilities for past-students
• Cater to the special needs of orphaned
girls and young mothers
• Make projects self-sustainable through
franchises with teacher-entrepreneurs
• Fully engage with local communities by
providing information and facilities
• Create networks with local business and
industry
• Establish partnerships with similar organisations to strengthen our case through
joint lobbying
• Promote replication of our projects and
methodology with governmental and nongovernmental authorities
Young Africa
2.4.4 Target Groups
All of Young Africa’s projects are targeted
at underprivileged young people, with special care for the young women among them,
aged between 15 to 25 years. In particular,
youngsters who:
• Are academically not qualified to attend a
regular technical training programme or
too poor to pay for it
• Would be unable to attend training, unless
they also have a place to stay while in training (orphans, street children)
• Show passion and drive to make their
enterprise financially viable, but lack adequate skills, knowledge and facilities
8
Young Africa
2.5 YA’s implementation methodology
bique –
am
YA Moz
Beira
bique
am
YA Moz
With a special focus and heart for young
women, YA has thoroughly mainstreamed HIV/
Aids prevention: as a strategy to prevent HIV/
Aids, we are convinced that for a youngster to
choose not to get into life-threatening behaviour and thus opt for death, you need to give
him/her the tools to live. Survey studies have
proven this to be true: in the latest evaluation
of YA Mozambique 97% of our past-students
indicates to make responsible choices to stay
alive based on the knowledge and skills they
gained during their training.
2.5.2 Participation
The set up of each educational centre is
influenced by the participants and the local
community. Because the executive directors
are working according to the participatory
method, they continually consult the beneficiaries. The ‘Participatory Action for Development’ ideology makes the potential beneficiaries active participants in the initiating and
implementation, in the policymaking and the
evaluation of the vocational centres. With the
executive directors as facilitators, the local
community defines the need, the nature, the
governing policies and the immediate beneficiaries of each project. An active Parliament of
Beneficiaries and Forum of Franchisees will be
powerful tools of capacity building and shared
responsibility of all participants centres .
Young Africa
2.5.1 Integral approach to development
At Young Africa we strongly feel that to have
a positive impact on the life of a young person, we need to approach development in an
integral way. As we formulated in our mission statement, we offer skills of hands, to
make young people self-reliant, skills of heart
and mind to live with dignity, purpose and
responsibility. Economic, intellectual, social,
emotional and spiritual empowerment need
to go hand in hand to offer the tools to build
up a decent living. We therefore stimulate our
beneficiaries to take part in the wide variety of
activities available: in skills training, in academic coaching, in sports, arts and games at
YAYA (Young Africa Youth Club), to perform
during our festivals, to gather information in
the library and the internet café, to participate
in leadership in the school parliament, to reach
out to the needy in fundraising, etc. Business
studies for all skills training students and possibilities to borrow start-up capital and tools
to set up a business, assist in economic development. Life skills education is an integral and
compulsory part of the training programmes
at Young Africa as well. It aims at empowering
young people and making them self-confident,
responsible, fulfilled and purposeful citizens of
their society. Every day at Young Africa starts
with a morning assembly for all students and
staff. In rotation, teachers give an empowering
pep talk and conclude it with a short prayer.
9
The concept of franchising that is implemented
in the different skills training and production
departments is a promising concept with all
the potential to turn a development project
into a self-sustainable enterprise. Franchising
means that each department will be, though
the capital investments are made by Young
Africa, run as an income generating project by
a local entrepreneur. He/She collects fees from
students, while s/he pays approximately 10% of
the income as rent for the use of the facilities
(tools and equipment, workshop space, use of
classrooms, services of janitors and receptionist, etc). The fees are his/her income, together
with profits of the production. Production is
done as part of the training process.
bique
YA Mozam
The admission procedure, policies, curriculum, timetable, fee structure, etc,
will be all laid out in a legal contract between
Young Africa management and the local entrepreneur as “owner” of the department. In this
way each department of Young Africa will be
financially self-reliant in its running expenses.
Young Africa
As for the running of the educationalcentre
by local management without the support
of the executive directors from Young Africa
International, the franchising has an added advantage as well: each department has its own
management and runs its training programme
independently. The expenses of the overall
management are therefore limited and do
not strain the (self-reliant) budget. It entails
the coordination of all activities and facilities
rather than the labour-intensive day-to-day
running of each programme and department.
2.5.4 Involvement of the private sector
We also strongly feel that people in the local
industrial and business sectors must share in
the work of developing and promoting the
underprivileged young people of their country. We have workshop spaces at the Young
Africa Centres taken by various participating
industries dealing in the metal and wood fabrication, dress manufacturers etc. These industries carry out their production works with a
handful of their professional workers. But they
have to take students as trainees to work under their production staff with due monitoring
by Young Africa management. Through such
a methodology, a poor student can receive
a very practical training through production,
paying only a small commitment fee. YA thus
contributes to private sector development on
micro-level by training young entrepreneurs
and giving them loans as well as promoting
meso-level enterprises to expand their businesses and take up their responsibilities in the
development of their own young people.
2.5.5 Replicability
As described above, the integral approach and
the franchise concept lend itself very well for
replicability.What makes our concept so attractive that others would like to copy it? The
skills training centre addresses effectively the
need of young people. It offers, from formulation stage to handing-over, maximum involvement and ownership of the local community
and the wider business community. It thus
empowers not only the beneficiaries, but its
environment as well and provides society with
a strong base of productive young people. The
educational centre itself has great potential of
self-sustainability.
Young Africa
2.5.3 Franchise
The franchise concept is a direct consequence
of the participation of local entrepreneurs in
the development of their own young people
and community. From the initial set-up of the
vocational centres onwards, each department
is eventually becomes an economically viable
and self-reliant enterprise.
10
Young Africa
Though the initial capital input is substantial,
the running costs are very low compared to
the output. In Zimbabwe, despite a very harsh
economic climate, the project still managed to
reach 70% self-reliance in 2012. In Mozambique,
In Beira, in 2012, the third year of being fully
operational, the centre runs at 83% self-reliance, aiming at 100% by the end of 2013.
Young Africa intends to set up at least one
model skills training centre in each country
of Southern Africa and to lobby with relevant
authorities to formulate policies and direct
resources towards integral development of
underprivileged young people. We strongly
believe in leading by example and proving in
action, at the grassroots, how effective our
impact is rather than by lobbying through
policy documents. So far, experience with YA
in the last 10 years, has shown that the Young
Africa centres receive an enormous amount of
visits of governmental and non-governmental
organisations interested to learn from the YA
experience and methodology, as UNICEF, ILO,
the World Bank, UNAIDS, Embassies, private
enterprises and networking NGO’s. During the
3 years of EU support to the YA centre in Beira,
it received 24 GO’s and 84 NGO’s on the premises to learn from the YA methods. The Minister
of Education and his team visited the centre as
well and requested YA for more information
and further dialogue on the franchise concept,
with the intention to research it for government TVET centres. In fact, in 2012, based on
YA’s best-practice model, the Minister implemented competence-based learning through
production for the government vocational
schools in all major cities in the country, with
an integral approach to development.
Young Africa
To reach out to governmental and nongovernmental authorities, we are building an
extensive network of stakeholders and other
interested parties. We are ready to freely and
transparently share all our written materials,
organise and facilitate seminars on the several
aspects of the implementation methodology,
conduct guided study visits to one of the projects and offer our expertise for consultation.
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3.1 Activities in 2012
The activities we have undertaken have been
directly linked to our five statuary objectives:
• to serve as an umbrella foundation for the
current and future Young Africa organisations
• to bring awareness among the people of
the Netherlands about young people in
Africa
• to share our knowledge and experience in
development work
• to fundraise for the projects in Africa
• to act as a go between for people who
want to work some time as a volunteer
at one of the Young Africa educational
centres.
derode
Fair Ran
3.2 Umbrella Foundation
3.2.1 Activities
2012 was the year in which we extended our
team in several ways. In 2011 we had been
looking for experts in PR, marketing, and communication. In 2012 this materialized in linkages
with the private sector and professionals willing to share their expertise. In the first quarter
of the year, we held two intense brainstorms
sessions with Donald Wijkniet of Limo Business
BV. These resulted in a useful annual plan that
we use ever since. With the help of another
expert, Hans Brouwer, from Claassen, Moolenbeek & Partners, we adapted our policy paper
into a shorter, clearer and more future focused
strategic plan with 6 strategic aims. This plan
was attached to our website in English and
Dutch.
Another expert offered her services in communication on a voluntary basis: Anne Marie
Veldkamp. We had several meetings with her,
resulting in a communication plan, based on
our policy paper and the agreement that she
will write our newsletter The Young African
Touch. In the autumn of 2012 she wrote it for
the first time. We further extended our team of
volunteers with a translator of the policy paper,
Robert Laytham, and another for the newsletter, Mary van Andel. Some administrative tasks
of the day to day management were delegated
to volunteer Wim van Noort who has been supporting us for years in website matters. Three
new volunteers, Henri van ’t Erve, Jaap Vedder and Epke Dijkstra supported Young Africa
concerning agricultural matters. The last two
visited Young Africa in Mozambique in October
last year to learn about the specific needs of
the new agricultural centre in Dondo.
Our chairman, Heimen van Andel visited the
projects in Zimbabwe and Mozambique in September. He was deeply impressed and inspired.
In our newsletter of November / December
2012, you can read his reflections on his first
African Visit. One of our Board Members, Mette
Gonggrijp, was appointed Ambassador of Costa
Rica, Honduras and El Salvador. We were sorry
to let her go and thanked her for her commitment to Young Africa. We accepted Maartje
ten Brummelaar as our new Board Member.
She works at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
as did Mette. We met her for the first time in
June and had a very positive conversation. She
was officially installed in our board meeting of
November 2012. We didn’t succeed in finding
another office instead of RUAC where we met
for years, but decided to circulate and meet at
each other’s home for board meetings. Meanwhile, the new exhibition and storage room at
the warehouse of Wensing in Apeldoorn is fully
in use.
For the first time, in 2012, we integrated the
financial statements into the annual report.
It took some time and problem solving to
get a format that was workable for all Young
Africa branches. Thanks to Kees Cluistra, our
volunteer external controller, who designed
the format and guided the branches of Young
Africa to use it.
Young Africa
3. YA International
12
3.2.2 External and internal communication
At the end of 2011, The Young Africa website
was redesigned following the same style as
the Young Africa leaflet designed by Communication Agency Amazing. In 2012, we
further improved the website by changing
the homepage: news items and Twitter were
made visible on the home page and a link
to Young Africa Facebook as well. “About
Young Africa”, with short info on Young
Africa, was added to the homepage and a page
for Young Africa Namibia was created, where
the tweets of founder Dirk Bellens can be read.
We improved the information in Dutch as well.
Two evaluations carried out in 2012 and written
by volunteer Coosje Zwarts, were added to the
website under “Resources”/ “Downloads”. We
started with ‘a who we are’ page in English and
Dutch, and will finalize that in 2013. Internal
communication continued to run smoothly due
to the quarterly executive reports written by all
Young Africa branches.
3.2.3 Executive Directors
Raj A. Joseph and Dorien Beurskens, executive
directors, as founders of the organisation are
the key people to kindle the spirit of Young Africa. Therefore, their work in 2012 has rotated
around:
• being the link between Young Africa International, Young Africa Zimbabwe, Young
Africa Mozambique, Young Africa Namibia
and Young Africa USA
• advise and capacity building of the different Young Africa branches
• policy advise to Young Africa International
• lobby to spread the vision of Young Africa
on youth development
• carry out or guide expansion of new Young
Africa centres
ol
ary Scho
r Second
ndraise
Flyers Fu
YA international
• be instrumental in mobilising resources,
justifying their use and evaluating their
impact.
Their terrain of operation has covered nearly
all countries in which Young Africa is present.
They have made three project visits to Zimbabwe, where meetings with the director, heads
of departments and board members have taken place. They took part in all meetings of the
Zimbabwean Board of Trustees. They had several appointments with the Ministry of Youth
Development, Indigenisation and Employment
Creation to discuss the take-over of the Mount
View Training Centre in Marondera. While very
pleasant, the meetings have not yet resulted
in the actual signing of a final agreement.
Dorien Beurskens spent in May as well as in
December two weeks in The Netherlands for
presentations to potential donors, progress
reports to partners, board meetings and meetings with the executive committee of Young
Africa International. While in The Netherlands,
she met with the coordinators of Young Africa
Namibia to advice on their upcoming project in
Namibia.
Ample energy and time have been spent on
capacity building of Young Africa USA. President Bernadette Chopra has put in enormous
work from the beginning of Young Africa USA
in 2009.
Young Africa
We evaluated the format and will implement the
recommendations in this year’s annual report.
We finalized the Upgrading Machinery Project.
We fundraised in 2010 for new machines and
computers for the departments of Young
Africa Zimbabwe. In 2011 all the equipment
was bought and installed under the expert
guidance of director Enet Mukurazita. Enet
wrote the final report for Wild Geese and we
made a final report in Dutch for NCDO, the
other Dutch Donor who contributed to this
project.
13
YA Speech Dec 2012
Capacity building of the management team
of Young Africa Centro de Formação in Beira
has received the necessary attention. Weekly
sessions with the director and seminars on
leadership and management have resulted in
an independently operating management team
that produces beautiful results, as elaborated
in the chapter on Young Africa Beira.
To nurture cohesion among all branches of
Young Africa every trimester an ‘executive
report’ has been compiled. In this report the
director or chairman gives information to colleagues on the state of affairs on organisation,
activities and finances. The last report of 2012
was more playful: each Young Africa produced
a 2 minute movie to share progress, news and
wishes for the New Year.
The double position of the executive directors
of coordinating the new projects and linking
all Young Africa’s brought forward the need
for assistance: as of 2013 Dorien Beurskens will
hire an executive assistant.
YA international
A great honour this year was the election of
Dorien Beurskens as Ashoka Fellow. Ashoka
is a renowned international network that
supports the work of social entrepreneurs
who make a change in our world. The five step
selection process consisted of a project visit
to Young Africa and two days of interviews
in South Africa. More on Ashoka on www.
ashoka.org.
3.2.4 Stichting IdeYAal
Young Africa International has a sister foundation: Stichting IdeYAal. The aim of this
foundation is to facilitate the set-up and
capacity building of the Young Africa projects
by delegating experts to work at the projects. The executive directors of Young Africa
International are working for this Foundation.
This Foundation has different donors from the
Young Africa International Foundation. This
way, all the donations given to Young Africa
International (minus 7,5% costs), go entirely
to the projects of Young Africa. The salaries
of the executive directors are not part of the
costs of the local Young Africa organisation.
The Board of Young Africa International also
forms the Board of Stichting IdeYAal.
3.3 Creating awareness
Bringing awareness to the people of the
Netherlands is an on-going process: in every
activity of Young Africa we tell of the lives of
underprivileged youngsters between 15 and
25 in Africa and our approach to support these
young people. We make people aware that
Young Africa International supports Young
Africa Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Namibia.
These independent NGO’s create opportunities for underprivileged youngsters, so that
they get a chance to earn their own income
and take their lives into their own hands.
Young Africa has developed an affordable method of vocational training, franchising the different departments of the vocational training
centres to local entrepreneurs. This innovative
style of running a development project has the
potential of attaining self-reliance in 8 years’
time, from defining stage till organisational
and financial self-reliance.
Young Africa
However, with low results in fundraising and
the failure to find volunteers to build up a
team, she resigned in September 2012. With
regret and gratitude, we accepted her position.
The search for new people willing to take up
running Young Africa USA is of concern to the
executive directors that continues in 2013.
As the executive directors are currently based
in Mozambique, their main time is spent in
setting up the new Young Africa Agri-Tech in
Dondo. For details see the respective chapter.
14
Festival
Mondial
2013
To be able to create awareness, we need information. The day to day management of Young
Africa International has regularly contact with
the executive directors who are setting up the
Agricultural Skills Training Centre in Dondo,
Mozambique and with the directors of Young
Africa Zimbabwe and Young Africa Beira in Mozambique. We visit the projects in Zimbabwe
and Mozambique on a yearly basis. Executive
director, Dorien Beurskens visited Young Africa
International in May and December. Through
emails and Skype calls, we keep informed.
3.4 Sharing expertise
YA international
Through our newsletter, our website and meetings, we share this information with other
Young Africa supporters.
In 2012 we had 52 activities in which we shared
expertise with other parties: other NGO’s and
Platforms of NGO’s.
Public Hertme Fe
stival
Young Africa International was part of the
organizing committee for the annual Platform
Zimbabwe day on the 28th of January 2012 in
Apeldoorn. 33 organisations working in the development field in Zimbabwe are member of
this platform. They share expertise and inform
each other of their work in Zimbabwe.
Young Africa International continued its membership of the Mondial Foundation, a platform
of 40 different organisations in the city of
Apeldoorn which work together in the field of
development work. We share our knowledge
and experiences. In September the annual
cultural festival was organized in Apeldoorn:
Festival Mondial. Young Africa took part in this
festival in which the municipality and the local
people participated. We visited the Partin day
on the 22th of September and participated in
networking days organized by the Wild Geese.
Young Africa
We create this awareness through presentations and newsletters, our presence at (cultural)
markets and conferences, publicity in newspapers, and radio and television. In 2012 we
had 18 awareness raising activities in which we
informed the people of the projects of Young
Africa. We gave talks at various secondary
schools and tried to convince them to organize
fundraisers for Young Africa, but it resulted
more difficult than other years. There is more
competition and we have been organizing
fund raisers for 15 years now in the Region of
Apeldoorn. During the year, we discussed how
to handle this situation. Meanwhile the talks
to charity foundations, rotary- and other clubs
continued. We had some interviews with the
local radio of Apeldoorn and with different
local newspapers. We started a very interesting cooperation with OB Mech, de umbrella
foundation for agricultural vocational training
institutes in the Netherlands. Seven agricultural
institutes are willing to overhaul agricultural
machines and send them to Dondo, Mozambique.
15
We searched for new partners and found
them in several Agricultural Colleges in the
Netherlands (OB
Mech, Helicon,
Deltion College).
They were willing
to support us by
donating mainly
agricultural machiSeconda
ry Schoo
l Holten
nery. We started
Fundrais
er
cooperating with
Bureau Internationale Samenwerking, which will help us raise
funds on a no cure no pay basis. Different contacts have been made to get more expertise,
for example PUM (providing managers), PTC+
(vocational trainings centre on agriculture) and
other agricultural trainings centres in Apeldoorn and other cities.
Seconda
ry Schoo
l Zwolle F
YA international
In 2012, our aim continued to fundraise for the
set-up of the Young Africa Agricultural Training
Centre, the Yagri-Tech in Dondo, Mozambique.
First half of the year we succeeded to fundraise
for the school building, toilets and agricultural tools in cooperation with Wild Geese. In
August, we loaded a container with a tractor
and agricultural tools in Apeldoorn to send it
to Beira, Mozambique to start cultivating the
land. Second half of the year our focus was
to fundraise for the next phase of the Yagri
Tech: the construction and equipment of two
workshops and two work sheds, development
of curricula and recruitment of staff. This
would make possible the training of rural youth
and offer possibilities to the local farmers,
private sector and local community. A big step
ahead was the proposal we put in to the EU
with Wild Geese as applicant and Young Africa
International and Young Africa Mozambique
as implementing partners. In June, we were
told that our full proposal, written in January,
was accepted. We hoped to start the contract
with the EU in November, but had to wait till
January 2013.
During the year, we had 21 fund raising activities. We were, as usual, present at various
cultural fairs in the Apeldoorn region. We
continued our contact with Volker Wessels, a
construction and energy company that is supporting us to incorporate solar energy into the
projects of Young Africa.
undraise
r
Two secondary schools had, again, a special
Young Africa action day: the Waerdenborch in
Holten and the Thorbecke College in Zwolle.
3.6 Volunteers
Young Africa International acts as a go
between for people who want to work some
time as a volunteer on one of the projects of
Young Africa. We inform them what to expect
and ask them what they can offer to the projects. If a match is made, they can stay for free
in a volunteer’s house, but have to pay for the
rest of their expenses. In 2012 Coosje Zwarts
travelled to Mozambique in January for a half
year stay as volunteer for Young Africa Beira.
During this period, she did two evaluations,
one of the Commercial School of Young Africa
Mozambique in Beira and one in Zimbabwe,
concerning the impact of the Young Africa HIV
AIDS programs, based on the toolkit developed by Stop Aids Nows under guidance of director Enet Mukurazita. We had several Skype
conversations with Jacob Zekoll, a German
technical student, finishing his studies. We
agreed he could go to Mozambique in 2013 for
a period of 6 till 12 months.
Young Africa
3.5 Fundraising
16
YA international
In 2012 we reached all our goals save one:
• Further fundraise for the Young Africa
Agricultural Training Centre in Dondo, Mozambique: We succeeded in fundraising for
the school building, toilets and agricultural
tools in cooperation with Wild Geese the
first half of the year, second half we succeeded in getting a contract with the EU.
• Improve and adapt our policy paper: with
the support of an external consultant we
wrote a short, clear & future focused policy paper with 6 strategic aims.
• Further improve the website and add a
page for Young Africa Namibia: We improved the set-up of the homepage, the Dutch
& English content and added a page for
Young Africa Namibia.
• Increase our expertise on marketing and
communication: We searched and found 3
external advisors who advised us and will
be available for us.
• To get other private companies interested
and connect them to the goals and activities of Young Africa: we didn’t succeed in
reaching this goal despite various conversations and plans concerning this topic.
• To get other secondary school interested
in the goals and activities of Young Africa:
we succeeded in interesting agricultural
colleges in Young Africa and found them
willing to support Young Africa.
• To get private persons interested and
connect them to the goals and activities of
Young Africa: We succeeded in interesting
and committing 8 new persons to Young
Africa
• Further professionalizing of Young Africa:
we succeeded in this by improving our policy paper, website, writing a communication plan & linking with 3 external advisors
and added 5 new volunteers to the Young
Africa team.
In 2012 we had 176 activities:
• Umbrella Foundation: 85 activities, resulting in an improved policy paper, a communication plan, an improved website, and an
extended Young Africa team
• Raising Awareness: 18 activities, mostly
talks to parties interested in Young Africa
like schools, (Rotary) clubs, and others
• Sharing expertise: 52 activities, mostly
meetings with other NGO’s and taking
part in networking organisations like St
Mondial, Partin, Platform Zimbabwe.
• Fundraising: 21 fundraising activities, see
financial resources for the results.
• Volunteers: 1 Dutch volunteer was sent to
Mozambique.
Please note that the activities of raising awareness, sharing expertise and fundraising are all
linked. It is all about giving information about
Young Africa, telling other people what we do
and how we do it.
Target group
Form
Numbers
Individuals
8 (Cultural)
Fairs Apeldoorn,
Beekbergen,
Hertme, The
Netherlands, 2
festivals Apeldoorn.
45.000 people
Schools
2 Schools with
fundraising activities: Thorbecke
College Zwolle,
Waerdenborgh
College Holten.
2 schools with
an outreach
directly of
6.000 people,
indirectly,
through the
press articles,
of 100.000
people the
inhabitants
of (two cities
Zwolle and
Holten)
Companies,
institutions
Selling of products from the
projects
1 company, 50
people
Other NGO’s
Meetings with
8 other NGO’s
about the Young
Africa concept
11 Meetings St.
Mondial
4 meetings Platform Zimbabwe
7 meetings
Partin
Networking
days: Wild
Geese, Platform
Zimbabwe,
Partin
8 NGO,s, 15
people
St. Mondial houses
44 ngo’s:
110 people,
Partin houses
200 ngo’s:
500 people,
Platform Zimbabwe houses
33 NGO’s: 95
people
Miscellaneous
130 different
activities
1050 people
h Public
c
YA Spee
Young Africa
3.7 Results
17
YA international
3.8.1 Human Resources
Young Africa International is a charitable organisation, consisting of volunteers. Because of
this, the Foundation has at most 7,5 % overhead
costs. In its work, it is advised by the founders
/ executive directors of Young Africa International, Dorien Beurskens and Raj A. Joseph, who
are in charge of setting up the Young
Africa projects in Southern Africa and
coordinating between the five Young
Africa foundations in Africa, the USA
and The Netherlands. They are informed by the director of Young Africa
Zimbabwe, Enet Mukurazita and the
director of Young Africa Beira, Aksana
Varela. The day-to-day management of
Young Africa International in The Netherlands is managed by three board
members, Mathieu Beurskens (full
time), Gonneke Campen (half time)
and Heimen van Andel (part-time). In
2012 the board of Young Africa International consisted of:
• Ing. H.A. van Andel, chairman,
retired chairman of the board
of the ROC Aventus Apeldoorn,
Deventer, Zutphen.
• M.M.J. Beurskens, treasurer, retired adviser human resources.
• Drs. G. Campen, secretary, entrepreneur
• Drs. A. Schouten, member, school manager.
• G. Aafjes, member, entrepreneur
• Drs. M. Gonggrijp, member, Ministry of
Foreign Affairs (until the first of May)
• Drs. M. ten Brummelaar, member, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs,( from the 7th of November)
A team of volunteers assists the day-today
management:
• a technical assistant helping with storing
and exhibiting the products which are
made at the projects
• an administrative assistant, composing the
yearly financial statement
• a content manager attending to our
website, another one taking care of the
technical aspects
• a designer for our newsletter
• one volunteer is specialized in giving pep
talks to secondary schools.
• annually, an accountant composes our
financial report and controls the finances.
• a pool of about 20 volunteers assist at
cultural fairs and festivals.
• a designer for our annual report
• a communication expert for advise and
writing of our newsletter Young African
Touch
rhuizen
air Ooste
Winter F
Young Africa
3.8 Resources
18
YA international
3.8.2. Financial resources
Financial report of Young Africa International
Balance Sheet at 31 december 2012 (in euros)
Fixed Assets
2012
2011
-
-
174.289
177.380
2.000
-
Current Assets
Cash and Banks
Debtors
Net Current Assets
176.289
177.380
Restricted funds
Provisions
Creditors
116.051
-
Net Current Restricted Funds
Capital movement of the financial year
116.051
Total Current Assets less Restricted Funds
Capital and Reserves
127.543
127.543
60.238
49.836
10.402
Total Equity
49.837
65.003
-15.166
60.238
49.837
Statement of Income & Expenditure 2012 (in euro‘s)
2012
2011
Income
Donations
various
74.239
grants
50.050
-
interest
3.634
4.908
9.470
1.025
Sale of art products
51.059
Release of provisions
30.780
Total income
137.393
87.772
Expenditure
Capital investments
Equipment
-
-
Management
3.710
6.215
Publicity
5.605
2515
Foundation
2.823
2062
Fundraising costs
Project costs
15.084
50.035
Mozambique Beira
7.945
13.616
Mozambique Dondo
1.783
10.300
-
4.696
Wild Geese
38.813
13.500
Others
51.228
-
Namibia
Total expenditure
126.991
Income
137.393
87.772
Expenditure
126.991
102.939
10.402
-15.167
Capital movement for the financial year
102.939
Young Africa
Zimbabwe
19
In 2012 we started to solve our challenge of
2011, namely how to expand our Young Africa
team. We succeeded in involving different
professionals to share their expertise. The
biggest challenge we faced in 2012 was how
to maintain our level of fundraising or even to
expand it in times of crisis. With an ambitious
project like the set-up of the Yagri Tech, we at
least need to maintain our level of fundraising,
preferably expand it. We noticed that is was
difficult to interest schools to fundraise for
Young Africa. We learned that we have strong
competition of smoothly organized events like
Serious Request, Dance 4 Life, and programs
of visits to project like Edukans. We learned
also that we have for so long been fundraising
in the Region of Apeldoorn, that may be it is
time to start working in other areas as well.
YA international
3.9 Challenges and Lessons learned
3.10 Goals for 2013
draiser
Young Africa
Secondary School Holten Fun
• continue to fundraise for the Yagri Tech in
cooperation with Wild Geese
• to set up an administration and monitoring system according to EU standards
• further improving our marketing and communication
• further extend the Young Africa team
• to raise support in the the private sector
• to raise support of secondary schools in
other regions than Apeldoorn
• to raise support of private donors in other
regions than Apeldoorn
20
4. YA Zimbabwe
4.1 Activities in 2012
4.1.1 Skills training
The following courses took place:
Course
Duration
Certificate
Pre requisite
Students
Pass rate %
Cutting and Design
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
20
100
Interior Decor
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
24
100
Clothing Technology
1 year
HEXCO NFC
O level/ Elementary
Garment Construction
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
6
98
26
100
Carpentry College
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
3
88
Carpentry
1 year
HEXCO NFC
O level
1
100
Machine shop
engineering
1 year
HEXCO NFC
O level
3
66
Welding College
1 year
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
4
75
Welding
1 year
HEXCO NFC
O level
4
100
Leatherworks College
1 year
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
2
98
Leather works
1 year
HEXCO NFC
O level
1
0
Car Maintenance
College
1 year
Young
Africa
O level
12
100
Car Maintenance
1 year
Young
Africa
O level
22
100
Panel Beating
1 year
Young
Africa
O level
15
98
Catering Elementary
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
26
80
Catering Advanced
6m
onths
Young
Africa
O level/Elementary
3
96
Cosmetology
6 months
Young
Africa
2 years secondary education
72
98
Total
244
In addition of the above beneficiaries the computers and commercial departments had 229
students in 2012. In June 103 Students graduated from both the Chitungwiza and Epworth
campuses. In December the amount of graduates was 110. The pass rate for students who sat
for the HEXCO exams was 79.3%. The courses
that had very few students throughout the
year were affected by the low production in
the departments which de motivated students
into taking up those skills.
Caterin
Young Africa
g depa
rtm
practic ent students
al lesso
d
ns YA Z uring the ba
king
imbab
we
21
4.1.3 School Parliament
10 students campaigned to become students
‘representatives at the beginning of the year.
The 2012 parliament was led by a girl, Millicent,
who was also doing a secretarial course.
During the tenure of their period in office,
they decided to look for donations from the
well-wishers to donate to elderly people at
Bumhudzo. They managed to donate 4 bags
of clothes, 100 kg of rice and 20X500g packets
of sugar beans to them. Leah Mundava, who
is also a cosmetology teacher, motivated the
school representatives to look for donations
and to display leadership skills.
4.1.4 Hostel The usual sponsors of orphaned girls were not
able to bring any girls to the hostel programme
because they were facing financial difficulties.
However, in 2012 the hostel was a halfway
home for 29 girls who came mostly from
individual sponsors and very few from organisations that support orphans. There were
4 girls rolled in NFC course, 3 were working,
4 were academic students and the rest were
enrolled in the various 6 month courses. All the
technical students passed and graduated as
well as the NFC students. Two out of the four
academic students were O level students and
the other two were Lower Sixth students. The
girls participated in the production of some of
their food like chicken rearing, fish production
and vegetable production. The girls even tried
growing potatoes which proven successful for
them and they managed to supplement their
diet for most of the year.
YA Zimbabwe
The tuck-shop was rented out for the year and
rentals were used to purchase more cutlery
and crockery for the hostel. In, addition they
managed to re paint the kitchen for Hostel A.
The Hostel matron sourced donations from various companies and she managed to receive
from Unilever washing powder, bath soaps,
dishwashing liquid, vaseline and soups.
4.1.5 Festivals and Events
The 2012 Edition of the Young Africa Sports
festival in Chitungwiza was held on the 28th
of April and in Epworth on the 19th of May
2012. The Sports festival was celebrated under
the one theme “Developing the potential of
young people through sport“. The theme
was developed with the objective of reducing
the prevalence of HIV/AIDS amongst young
people through active participation of the
young people in the sporting activities. The
National women’s soccer coach, Ms Rosemary
Mugadza was the Guest of Honour at both
festivals were she encouraged especially the
girls that they can pursue a career in sport and
make a decent living. Both events in Epworth
and Chitungwiza attracted over 3500 spectators (some players) to watch competitions
in netball, soccer (boys and girls), basketball,
volleyball and chess.
In August the British Embassy approached
us to hold a mini Olympics whilst the 2012
Olympics were on-going in London. The day
was full of sporting activities which culminated
in all the participants receiving an Olympic
certificate and the overall winners receiving
Bronze, Silver and Gold medals and souvenirs
with the London 2012 Olympics logo. The total
participants and spectators were over 500
young people.
Young Africa Twinning (a day when Chitungwiza and Epworth young people come together)
was held on the 28th of September 2012 in
Epworth. Students and staff participated in
sporting and arts activities with the aim of raising awareness on young people‘s sexual and
reproductive health rights. The event was held
under theme ‘Developing positive attitudes
and skills in the fight against HIV/AIDS.’
Young Africa
4.1.2 Academics
The department had 130 beneficiaries in 2012. A
form 1 class was introduced for the first time in
compliance with the Ministry of Education regulations to turn the department into a formal
secondary school. We took this opportunity to
introduce a school uniform, which was welcomed by parents, guardians and the community
at large. The school uniform is an instrument
to instil discipline. It helps to identify which
students come from which school and it helps
prevent discrimination between the poor and
those from well up families. With regards to
examinations, a total of 93 candidates sat for
the ‘O’ level examinations in November and
27.5% of these passed with grade C or better.
22
Young Africa Int
ernational Chair
man addressing
students and sta
ff at the beginnin
g of the twinning event in Ep
worth YA Zimba
bwe
Mr van Andel planted a tree at the centre and
urged young people to work hard to transform
themselves and their communities.
The theme for Young Africa Arts Festival was
“Celebrate Life: Fight HIV/AIDS, Know your
Sexual Reproductive Health Rights “ .Participants at the festival participated in drama,
dance, poetry and music competitions which
had to be based on the theme. The Guest of
Honour was Mr Mari, the Executive Director of
National Arts Council.
Arts
rming during 2012
Young people perfo
e
bw
ba
Zim
YA
al
festiv
YA Zimbabwe
The festival was also supported by Culture
Fund who gave their PA system for free, YETT
and PSI. A total number of 156 participants
took part in the Arts Festival over the two
day event and an estimated 2000 spectators
witnessed the event.
4.1.6 Life Skills Program
The 2012 health programme
was supported by 4 partners. The first partner was
the King Baudoin Foundation from Belgium. They supported a soccer league for
boys and girls with the following theme: “KICK OUT
AIDS, SAVE THEM YOUNG”.
The aim of the programme
was HIV/AIDS prevention
Young Africa girls participatin
g in the
YES competitions YA Zimbab
through circumcision and
we
encouraging young people
to know their HIV status.
The league was comprised of 6 colleges who
had both a girls and boys soccer team. The
league started in February and the finals were
played in October. A total of 66 soccer games
were played by the colleges.. Each time there
was a match a youth village was on hand
where condoms and information on HIV/AIDS
was available for the young people. The peer
educators were also on hand to disseminate
HIV prevention information which they had
been equipped with. The winners walked away
with T-shirts and cash prizes. The programme
had 216 players and each game was attracting
a crowd of over a 1000 spectators. In addition,
a total of 31 young males were circumcised
because of this program. The first prize in both
the boys and girls teams went to Young Africa.
The second partner in the life skills programme was STOP AIDS NOW. Their grant was
utilized to purchase 77 000 condoms (35%
female condoms), support for the life skills
teacher, Young Africa Twinning Day, voluntary
testing and counselling centre and training
of 200 peer educators. The condoms were
distributed at festivals and events as well as
through condom dispensers mounted at 15 different conspicuous places around the campus.
The dispensers were double which meant it
dispensed both male and female condoms.
Young Africa
In addition, to the competitions IEC material was distributed by peer educators and a
voluntary counselling and testing centre was
setup inside the Epworth campus throughout
the day. T-shirts with the theme were given to
winners as prizes. The event coincided with the
visit of the chairman of Young Africa International, Mr Heimen van Andel who was accompanied by one of the executive directors Ms
.Dorien Beurskens.
23
Life Skills
Evaluation of the programme gave
positive results
YA Zimbabwe
Young Africa
4.1.8 Epworth
The centre had 477 young people who participated in skills training, academic coaching,
life skills, sports and arts
activities. Out of this 34 came
for 6 months skills training in
computers and dressmaking,
while the rest were for acadeSafAids was our third
mic coaching. We received 6
partner who assisted
laptops from Beautiful Zimbabus with training to
we all of which are being used
train 100 young peoin the computers department
ple on Young People
to train young people. This has
Sexual Reproductive
s
m
o
d
n
o
c
helped increase our computers
Health Rights. These
ting
Chidistribu
ucators ccer leagues in
in the computer department.
young people were
Peer ed
o
e 2012 s
bwe
uring th wiza YA Zimba
d
In academic coaching 80 young
from 10 different
tung
people sat for the final ‘O’ level
colleges within
national examinations and
Chitungwiza. Serve
30.3% of these passed with 5 subject or more.
Ireland was our fourth partner who came in to
support the life skills teachers both in Epworth This pass rate is better than the national rate
of 18.6%. The best student in ‘O’level came out
and Chitungwiza.
with 5As, 2Bs and 1C. Our first ‘A’ level class
had a total of 17 students who wrote national
An evaluation of the impact of our HIV/
exams, 14 passed 2 subject or more and 50% of
AIDS prevention programmes, based on the
these have enrolled in different universities.
StopAidsNOW toolkit came out with positive
Construction to expand the centre began in
results. The full report on our site:
November after having received funding from
http://www.youngafrica.org/images/stories/
Serve Ireland. A double storey building compriDownloads/Evaluation_YAZim_HIVAIDStoolsing of 3 workshops on the ground floor and 3
kit_2012.pdf
classrooms on top is under construction.
In sports the centre took part in three major
4.1.7 Micro enterprise
sports tournaments; Epworth Inter Colleges,
Our 2012 micro loans for Young Africa graduEast Africa Cup, and Youth Education through
ates were supported by Serve Ireland. Young
Sport (YES). In the inter colleges the centre
people received loans ranging from $200
came out the best in Epworth. In East Africa
to $400. On the initial visits of the student
Cup, our five teams were the northern region
projects by the Youth Development they were
champions. In the YES competitions our girls’
able to see meaningful activities in at least 75%
soccer team beat the other teams to become
of the IGP’s. During the year 2012 Young Africa
national champions as well as team of the
disbursed micro-loans to a total of 17 former
tournament. Plan Zimbabwe and SRC Harare
Young Africa students. The disbursement of
province assisted with the travel costs in the
loans in 2012 was in two phases. In the initial
YES competitions.
batch in April 10 young people received loans.
This batch had a very low repayment rate of
4.2 Results
just fewer than 40%. However, in the second
4.2.1 Output
batch of loans in the third quarter of the year
Activity
Output/Result
we first trained the young people on financial
Conversion of Academic Coaching
management and also required them to have a
Academics
into an Academic School from
Form 1 to Form 6
guarantor whom we can call when the loan is
Operational license from Chitungnot repaid. This improved the repayment rates
Operations
wiza Municipality approved
to the extent that by year end all the benefiSecured funding for Epworth exciaries had made their first instalment of their
Epworth
pansion through Serve Ireland
repayment.
Young people were tested at the Voluntary
Counselling and Testing centre that was stationed at the campus the first Friday of each
month. An average
of 40 students was
tested each month.
24
YA Zimbabwe
4.2.2 Self-Sustainability
The self-sustainability of the organisation is 70%.
4.3 Human Resources
Young Africa Zimbabwe is governed by a Board of Trustees, consisting of seven members who
are all volunteers from different professional backgrounds. This board meets twice a year. The
management board discusses management issues regarding Young Africa Zimbabwe. The members of the board are listed below:
4.3.1 Board of Trustees
Name
Profession
Nationality
Function
Jacqui Joseph
Finance Executive
Zimbabwean
Chairperson
Dhansukh Shah
Managing Director
Zimbabwean
Treasurer
Dorien Beurskens
Executive Director Young Africa
Dutch
Secretary
Raj A Joseph
Executive Director Young Africa
Indian
Member
Wellington Mbofana
Director Civic Education Trust
Zimbabwean
Member
Farai Mpfunya
Executive Director
Zimbabwean
Member
T. D Muskwe
Lawyer
Zimbabwean
Member
4.3.2 Management Board
Name
Profession
Nationality
Function
Jacqui Joseph
Finance Executive
Zimbabwean
Chairperson
Farai Mpfunya
Executive Director
Zimbabwean
Member
Admire Ndumo
Marketing Executive
Zimbabwean
Member
Chris Timbe
Consultant
Zimbabwean
Member
4.3.3 Management and Staff
Young Africa employs 12 permanent staff:
Name
Profession
Director
Enet Mukurazita (F)
Youth co-ordinator
Tendayi Mudyarabikwa (F)
Youth assistant
Cathrine Mandeya (F)
Administrator:
Arnold Kwaramba (M)
Administrative assistant
Michell Chitsinde (F)
Hostel matron
Annastancia Mbanje (F)
Janitor
Jessie Antonio (F)
Groundsman:
Tawanda Gumunyu (M)
Caretaker:
Tonderayi Chisango (M)
Epworth satellite manager:
Susan Madodo (F)
Epworth secretary:
Maggie Mukokota (F)
Epworth janitor:
Steven Chinakidzwa (M)
Part time counsellor July- December
Karen Munyayi (F)
Young Africa
In addition, Young Africa Zimbabwe maintained all the 10 (6 Chitungwiza, 4 Epworth) guards
from 2011.
25
YA Zimbabwe
4.3.4 Interns
Young Africa had two unpaid University interns
in 2012. Portia Dombojena a 3rd year BA in Business student from Chinhoyi University joined
Young Africa in August 2012 for a year. She was
taken on board to assist in the Micro Enterprise
programme in training young people to start
their own businesses when they graduate and
to also assist in the process of micro lending
to Young Africa graduates. Rose Tsuro also a
3rd year BA Counselling Chinhoyi University
students came as a part time counsellor for the
young people from January to June.
4.3.5 Academics department
Mr Phineas Mataranyika replaced Mr Maeka as
the Principal in the third quarter. Miss Govere
the English teacher passed away in the second
half of the year and was replaced by Mr Mandishona. The other teachers in the academics
department were Mrs Muzhuzha, Ms Beneti,
Ms Shonhayi, Mr Mharapara , Ms Dhliwayo , Mr
Mukombami and Mr Chimbeu as the Academics Administrative Assistant.
4.3.6 Heads of Department
The Hod’s still plays a vital role in the organisation and they communicate with management
through HOD forum. Ester Refu (F) (Crèche)
was selected as Chairperson of the forum,
Simon Batirayi (M) (Academics Epworth) as the
Vice Chairperson and Chris Mabuto (M) (MVM
& Panel Beating as Secretary. The other departments that had HOD’s were catering, welding,
computers, commercial and carpentry.
YA Zimb
a
Young Africa
bwe
26
Statement of Income & Expenditure 2012 (in US dollars)
2012
Total cash & bank balance at year start
2011
51.658
105.499
YA Zimbabwe
4.4 Financial Resources
Income
Donations
Stop Aids Now
16.834
28.096
Beautiful ZIM
7.087
12.919
19.000
4.860
YA International
-
13.701
ICCO
SOS
59.379
-
Serve Ireland
60.913
10.400
-
120.522
Wild Geese
King Boudin
ILO
Project revenu
Exchange rates adjustment
Allocated donations for investments
21.565
-
-
21.000
212.243
232.217
-285
-
-
-
Total income
396.736
443.715
Expenditure
Capital investments
Land
-
-
Construction
49.000
-
Equipment
23.700
78.149
Project Costs
Human resources
131.913
114.045
Programs & Materials
51.393
160.723
2.742
2.625
Micro Credit
-
-
Local Office
11.878
73.656
Other
95.778
Total expenditure
Total cash & bank balance year end
68.358
366.404
497.556
81.990
51.658
Young Africa
Travel
27
4.5 Challenges and Lessons Learnt
• Unable to apply for HEXCO NFC because
most teachers did not have teaching qualifications.
• Production in the departments was very
low which resulted in late and low income
rentals as some of the HOD’s had to be let
go before yearend.
• Low turnout of girls in the hostel informed
us that we have to market the hostel by
visiting not only orphanages but also other
organisations that work with orphans.
• The Leatherworks department did not
have an HOD for the whole year even after
advertising and students were also low in
this department. It was concluded that
the economy had been flooded by cheaper
non-leather products thus the low demand
in leather goods and the skill. The skill
might have to be replaced if this continued.
• Each year we have a high turnout of
external students who sit for O level
examinations but do not attend school in
our Academic school. A small survey from
the community indicated that parents and
guardians do not send their children to
Young Africa Academics because they do
not have uniforms.
• Throughout the year we received some
requests from Social Welfare in Chitungwiza to assist with free training for some
orphans which we unfortunately could
not do as we did not have any scholarship
funds.
• Some courses had very low enrolment and
some of the complaints we were receiving
from the community was our age restriction and our courses were too long. The
other reason is that colleges at Makoni like
Speciss are offering shorter courses than
ours.
YA Zimbabwe
• Some of the infrastructure started to
deteriorate and we were not able to do
much maintenance as the funds were
limited. In the coming year draw up a
maintenance schedule to ensure that the
infrastructure remains intact.
• We attempted to introduce weekend
classes for the community but the uptake
was zero and we realized that we had
only advertised locally with banners yet
our target market were people who go to
work and would only see these adverts in
the newspapers.
• The Monitoring and Evaluation system for
Young Africa Zim could not be established
as the staff has very little knowledge in M
& E systems.
• Micro loan repayments were very low initially. We changed our application requirements to include a guarantor for every application whom we could call upon when
the loan was not being paid back.
4.6 Goals for 2013
• Better Internet Connection.
• Allow students above 25 to attend technical course but pay more than those in our
age range.
• Breakdown some courses from 6 months
to 3 months.
• Introduce Uniforms for Academic department.
• Capacity Building of teachers.
• Computers to become compulsory for
ALL students that attend technical and
academic courses.
• Increase advertisement of courses
through national media like newspapers
and radio.
• Set aside funds in the budget for maintenance work for infrastructure.
• Increase production in the departments
by taking on HOD’s with more business
experience and sourcing capital for existing HOD’s.
• Increase visits for students to companies.
• Capacity Building of staff in M and E.
Young Africa
4.4.1 Risk Assessment
Young Africa Zimbabwe is audited by Matamba
and Company ( member of Chartered Accountants of Zimbabwe) for the past three (3)
years. There is a financial policy which guides
the operations of finances in Young Africa Zim.
The policy clearly states the amounts that can
be approved by the Administrator, Director,
Management Board and the Board of Trustees.
28
5. YA Mozambique - Beira
5.1 Activities 2012
5.1.1 Skills training
In general the activities of Young Africa are going very well. This is thanks to the training model
implemented, consisting of 70% theory and 30% practice, psycho-social follow-up and life skills
education, entrepreneurship promotion the quality of education.
Students
20082011
Students
2012
Pass
rate
2012 (%)
Total
students
all years
7th Class
58
44
86%
102
23
Course
Duration
Hrs
p/w
Entryqualification
Child Minding
6 months
35
Business Management
6 months
10
10th Class
14
9
82%
Financial Management
6 months
10
10th Class
17
0
0%
17
Human Resources Management
6 months
10
10th Class
49
59
86%
108
Secretarial
6 months
10
10th Class
37
35
88%
72
Accounting
6 months
10
10thClass
92
52
76%
144
Customs & Excise
6 months
10
10thClass
Total vocational training
54
155
94%
209
2078
1185
77%
3263
Auxiliary courses:
Computer Applications
3 months
10
Literacy
1360
535
97%
1895
Basic English
3 months
10
Literacy
58
66
96%
124
Medium English
3 months
10
Basic Eng
41
53
94%
94
Commercial English
3 months
10
Basic Eng
22
48
98%
70
1481
702
96%
2062
3559
1887
Total activity
The preservation of the quality of teaching was
not different from previous years. We conducted seminars for
trainers and for
the heads of the
departments on
matters related
to educational
psychology, professional ethics,
profile of the
businessman,
among others, we
Motor Mecha
nics YA Beira
also agreed with
the heads of departments for the
recruitment of qualified trainers with minimum
technical standard.
5446
We had two graduation ceremonies. The first
ceremony that took place in the first semester was chaired by a representative from the
President of the Local Government of Beira,
on 09th July. The 2nd semester was chaired
by the Provincial Director of Education on 14th
December. In total, we proudly handed over
1887 certificates.
The preference of students for our courses
tends to increase every year. We had an
increase of over 400 students in 2012, with
46% women and 54% men. From a total of 2100
students enrolled in 2012, 90% passed.
YA Be
ir
Young Africa
Total auxiliary courses
a
29
5.1.3 Micro-Credit
For those students who prefer to start their
own business, Young Africa has a micro-credit
facility. Students can take loans up to MT
10,000 (275 euro) on the condition that they
have passed their skills training and their
business studies. This year new control systems
and stricter follow-up of the beneficiaries was
high on the agenda. We had meetings with an
expert in this area (consultant of the PUM in
Holland) and have developed a new system.
70% did pay back their loans.
We received a grant from SERVE, to generate
self-employment and recruit a promoter of
Entrepreneurship.
YA Mozambique - Beira
A campaign was started to raise awareness of
the self-employment practice, but so far most
of our students have a preference for formal
employment and not self-employment.
5.1.4 Training the trainers
In the course in 2012 five students graduated
of which four are working as interns at Young
Africa in the departments of Electronics,
Plumbing, Beauty and Hairdressing. One is
continuing his studies in the regular education.
New marketing strategies were used to attract new candidates and the course has been
changed. Contact with the Head of Departments intensified and the School Parliament
advertised during festivals. Internal efforts will
be taken to attract candidates from outside.
With a multi-faceted curriculum it aims to train
technicians from various areas inside and outside Young Africa in teaching and pedagogy,
social and interpersonal skills, organisational
techniques, etc. thereby providing the market
with trainers.
5.1.5 Hostel
In December 2012 we said goodbye to 11 girls
who finished the programme of our hostel in
2 years; 65% were reintegrated into society
and are currently working and 35% returned
to their extended family. With the change of
intake policies of the hostel, such as the opening of registration in January and June, and
inclusion in regular education, we assume that
bases are set up to introduce more girls.The
hostel has well-defined policies, when girls do
not meet the requirements for passing in the
training course, they fail, if they do not fulfil
the philosophy of Young Africa, they suspended or expelled. A proposal was submitted to
Coca-Cola Sabco in 2011 and the request for
funding for scholarships to 100 girls was approved. All girls who signed up for the hostel
benefited from the scholarship automatically.
Young Africa
5.1.2 Job placement
Much emphasis has been laid on assisting graduates to find gainful employment. It has been
the task of the marketing official to mediate
between the past-students and employers.
Thanks to Young Africa’s still growing reputation and the increasing economy of Mozambique, the statistics below show you that we
have booked results in this area. We have got
new contacts with Vale de Mozambique, a
multinational company that operates in the
mining area in the world market for more than
70 years. They are receiving for employment
a total of 25 graduates from following the
departments: Mechanical locksmiths and Electrical and Electronics Instalment course. The
Provincial Directorate of Customs employed 23
graduates from our Customs Technician course,
and FIPAG, the water company, absorbed the
whole class of the Secretarial and Public Relations course. To maintain the level of satisfaction
we perform regular visits to our partners. We
can assume that of the graduates in 2012, 88%
are economically active. The rest of graduates
are waiting for employment, continued their
studies or haven chosen other activities.
30
The hostel had an exchange programme with
a group of women from an association called
PPHF from the Ministry of Women and Social
Action coming from different districts of Sofala
Province. This exchange was entitled “HIV /
AIDS and Personal Hygiene”. The experience
was good and very valuable for the girls. We
received a volunteer named Virginia do Amor
Divino of Brazilian nationality who knew about
Young Africa through our website and became
interested in our programme and joined the
organisation. She taught the girls to work with
recycled products thus producing many articles
that can be marketed. These classesbirthed in
the heart of the girls the curiosity to develop
art.
The hostel has benefited from SERVE funding; a poultry house was built which served
to increase the current poultry of 200 to 600
chicks per lot. One of the greatest challenges
of 2013 is that we will find new partners for the
hostel, internal or local. In August Young Africa
made request letters for sponsorship to some
bakeries and some shops. Unfortunately the
answers were not satisfactory but we won’t
give up.
Among many activities, they helped to organize festivals and graduations, events, publicity,
sticking flyers, cleaning of the yard, awareness
campaign for the preservation of buildings and
property of Young Africa.
5.1.7 Community Service
a. Youth Club JOJO (JOvens & JOgos = youth
& games)
The youth club was revived in 2012. We
introduced many recreational activities, from
dance, capoeira, basketball training, volleyball
and football. We had championships between
departments and 80% of our departments
joined.
YA Mozambique - Beira
We received an advisor from a partnership
between Young Africa and Horizont3000 for
a period of 2 years (February 2012 to January
2014), which had as its objective to build the
capacity of the matrons. However, he advisor
and YA encountered differences in the philosophy and approach of empowering the youth,
thereby terminating the contract.
b. Internet café
For the last two years we didn’t have internet
service of good quality, which largely affected
the centre’s activities in what concerns communication. Recently we managed to sign a
contract with a new entity providing internet
service, and they offer good quality and certainly the level of communication improved.
c. Library
Compared to other existing vocational training
centres in the City, our library is full of manuals
in the Portuguese language accompanied by
educational CDs linked to professional training. The library is open from Monday to Friday, from 10:00 to 16:30, but on Tuesdays and
Thursdays stays open until 19 hours to benefit
the Young African girls’ hostel.
Young Africa
5.1.6 School Parliament
Young Africa grants to its students a voice and
gives them the opportunity to form a school
parliament, whereby they are offered the opportunity to be a partner of the management
team, with rights and obligations. The parliament is formed by school elections among
the vocational training courses, after which a
President and the Deputy are being voted in.
This year the presidents happened to be men
and their deputies were women. They were all
given a leadership seminar.In both semesters
the parliament was very active and dynamic in
regard to the Centre and its students. .
31
a
A Beir
tival Y
Fes
Sports
FAYA: Young Africa’s Art Festival – Right to
Respect
The annual Young Africa Art Festival was held
at the Young Africa Centre in Beira at the 1st
and 2nd of September 2012 with this year’s
theme: Celebrate your life, protect the children. It is a cultural movement consisting of
young amateur artists from all social spheres
and from all parts of the province. Itssentially
aims at providing the young people with the
opportunity to show their unpublished works,
revealing talents and values, growth of their
integral educational level and develop artistic
skills. The event was attended by over 11,000
spectators, among children, teenagers, adults
and old people.
YA Mozambique - Beira
Sports Festival
On March 24, 2012, the annual Sport Festival
took place on the campus of the Young Africa
Centre. We had 46 teams this year and we
had a special visitor: Dr. Cuimbra, Provincial
Director of Youth and Sports, who offered us
2 balls and was very open in partnering with
Young Africa in all possible and necessary
areas.The festival was attended by about 3,000
spectators. It lasted for one day. The competitors were offered a free lunch and the access
to the festival was free. We were sponsored by
USEIR, a shop selling electrical goods, Sasseka,
a factory for production of cereals, and Sidat
Sport, shops selling Sport material. We had
some great promotion in television (Mozambique TV), Newspapers and Radio.
More than 300 young amateur artists at the
event competed in the categories of: music,
dance, poetry, theatre, drawing and sculpture.
We had professional artists such as Neyma,
Herminio, Chitima, Gil Pinto, Manune Jakson,
Mabayo, Gritos de Cabeça de Velho, Helena
Macamo, Aníbal and Calene, Chief Gaf and
Mazuze and Djhabby. There was participation
of different national and foreign organisations
presenting workshops, seminars and stands,
of whom can be pointed out, ECO-SIDA, PSI
Jeito, Human Rights League, Red Cross, Naido
Capoeira, Artesanato do Dondo and Movitel.
This year we were sponsored by Mcel, Hotel
Tivoli, Electro Indico, Fersol, and the Local Government of Beira. A huge number of franchisees have embraced the cause and made their
contributions to pay for FAYA.
5.1.9 Scholarship Program
Last year, 117 scholarships were awarded. The
beneficiaries have successfully completed the
course and at the present moment started an
internship or a job.The scholarship programme
committee consists of three members, namely
the director of the centre, the programme
officer and chairman of the Forum of Heads of
Departments.
5.1.10 Don Bosco Studio
For many years we had a studio equipped with
the latest technology, but the facilities were
under-utilised. We asked Horizont3000, an organisation that provides advisors to train the
local people in a given area. In 2011 a profile
was made and in 2012 Andreas Scheinbereif,
sound engineer joined. He designed a training
manual and started a course with sound technicians. He made plans on marketing of the
existing facilities.
On the 12th of March, we entered into a
partnership with CUCA - University Centre of
Culture and Arts, which we helped with the
opening of the same. We were responsible for
the sound and we exhibited our services to
all who were present at CUCA. Many people
enjoyed our work and the quality of equipment that the studio offers. By providing good
service, we made mega contracts, such as
audio recording of the classic Concert of Estela
Mendonça, a singer of international classical
music living in Switzerland.
Young Africa
5.1.8 Festivals
The festivals of Young Africa have become a
tradition the whole community looks forward
to:
32
We reinvested the proceeds in the studio. Today Young Africa has the best Studio in central
region, and has qualified personnel to meet
the needs.
We are currently developing activities aimed to rent our sound system and lights to
partners who are interested. We submitted
a proposal to PEPFAR(The President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief of the United States
Embassy) to produce 8 songs, 2 moviesand
events in the community. It has been approved and so far it is going smoothly.
YA Mozambique - Beira
Our services were also requested for recording
traditional music in Tete where the objective
was to promote African culture. We also worked with many other medium-sized projects,
with great feedback from companies like Vale
Mozambique, UCM, and Rotary Club. We produced a disc of a reputable artist in Sofala province, Papa Leão. Through the course of sound
offered by Young Africa, today we benefit from
a sound technician qualified as promising to
run the studio in subsequent years.
Name
Profession
Vocational training & production
Trained 1887 students in vocational training in 25 different courses.
Gender balance students: 46% female, 54% male 88% of the students are economically active in a job, apprenticeship or in own business
We have 18 franchisees and they are all fully operational
Self-reliance
83% of the running costs covered by income from the Centre itself ( 17% sponsored by external donors)
Capacity Building
A young team with a lot of knowledge of vocational training is working with
us. 5 Seminars took place for the franchisees and our staff.
Teachers Training
5 students graduated from our student training and 4 of them are now working as a teacher. We changed the course and made it more intensive.
Hostel
11 girls finished successfully hostel training; they are financially and emotionally independent 15 girls started in the hostel. Exchanging stories with former
hostel girls
Micro-Credit
Serve Ireland donated help for Micro-Credit. Offering a course entrepreneurship to 1887 students. 10 students got a sowing machine to start their own
business
Services to the Community
Crèche was full with 98 children and 72 on waiting list. Library is equipped and
every day open for all students. Weekly film shown to more than 180 visitors
per week. Start of a project for prevention of HIV/Sida for youngsters
Art Promotion (sound studio)
Delivered services to institutions as UCM, Rotary, Pedogogical University,
Vale, and more. It is operational and the best one in the district. Worked with
Stella Mendonsa , who is an international opera singer. Recorded a movie for
the anniversary of Hidro-eletrica de Cahora Bassa
Festival
Sports festival: 23 teams participated + 3000 visitors. Arts festival FAYA: 150
groups participated in competitions + 11,000 visitors
Scholarship
117 youngsters received scholarship,
Public Relations
Good relationship with the Ministries. Visits of the Banco de Mocambique,
delegation of the government and other multinationals
Fundraising
Serve bought a car and contributes to the salary of the Micro-Credit and Sales
Manager. Coca-Cola is financing 100 students. Proposal approved by the
embassy of the USA PEPFAR. Departments/Franchisees contributed to the
festival
a
ir
YA Be
Young Africa
5.2 Results
33
5.3.1 Staff
The management team of Young Africa is a young team and well trained. When tasks are entrusted individually or in team, it produces satisfactory results.
Name
Profession
Aksana Varela
Director
Angelo Dramuce/João Fambira
Administrator
Eurico Lopes
Programme officer
Miguel Barreira
Marketing officer
Zamila Mustafa
Life skills teacher/matron
Maria da Silva
Night matron
Jacinta Chicangatelo
Secretary
Jaime Ofece
Caretaker
Nicolão Albano
Maintenance
Gaspar Capece
Driver
Arminda Lazaro
Janitor
We consider this position of HOD’s to be
positive because they are increasingly taking
responsibility for Young Africa.
5.3.3 Management Board
The Management Board , consisting of six
members, all volunteers from different
professions, governs the Young Africa training centre. 90% of them are present to the
monthly meetings, and they contribute with
their know-how. The board is ready to help
with in case of problems of Young Africa, such
as designing a marketing plan, expanding
the network of partners at the highest level
and seek sponsors for introducing more girls
in the hostel. In the September meeting we
the chairman of Young Africa International
participated.
Meetings are attended by the director and
administrator of the Centre. The Management
Board consists of the following volunteer
members:
Name
Function
Expertise
Nationality
Hemma Tengler
Chair Assembly
NGO/AIDS
Austrian
Neli Nhassengo
Member
Networking/agriculture
Mozambican
Cesar N’solo
Chair Management Board
Finances/private sector
Mozambican
Conceição Proença
Member
NGO/education
Mozambican
Raj A. Joseph
Member
Executive Director YA
Indian
Dorien Beurskens
Member
Executive Director YA
Dutch
Young Africa
5.3.2 Heads of Departments
Each month the Centre’s directorpromotes a
meeting with the heads of departments as a
way to create a new dynamic and to feel integrated and included in the mission and vision of
Young Africa. We deal with issues that disturb
the proper functioning of the departments,
economic and social life of Young Africa, what
is expected from Young Africa today and in
the future, contribution of departments and
responding to market strategies. The feedback
was excellent.
Our Heads of Departments developed a new
attitude and have been more active infestivals
and graduations. During the graduation process some HOD’s awarded the best students
with gifts, among them material kits, professional courses, and many festival sponsorship
offers, thus being more involved in the activities of Young Africa.
YA Mozambique - Beira
5.3 Human Resources
34
YA Mozambique - Beira
Young Africa
5.3.4 Volunteers
During the year we received six long-term volunteers. Each of them gave a great contribution and were very involved in the development
of young people. Two came from a partnership
between Young Africa and Horizont3000 and
their duties were to advise / train local workforce in the Hostel and in the Studio. The Dutch
volunteer, Coosje Zwarts, carried out the work
of programme adviser officer, coordinated
activities of the hostel and helped to organize
the Arts Festival FAYA. Luisa Neubauer served
as assistant programme officer, organized the
graduation, and developed small activities with
art for the girls of the hostel. Virginia do Amor
Divino, a Brazilian lady, developed craft activities using recycled materials. Anke Koolen gave
as a psychologist a new dynamic to the hostel.
Apart from long-term volunteers we also
received a visit of a group of 15 volunteers from
SERVE, who transmitted their experiences and
gave teachings to the girls in the plastic arts
area, and built a new poultry house for our
project of chicken growth which was of great
value to develop the project.
35
YA Mozambique - Beira
5.4 Financial Resources
Statement of Income & Expenditure 2012 (in euros)
2012
Total cash & bank balance at year start
2011
52.855
Income
Donations
Dutch Donor HPF
SERVE
-
84.816
45.500
11.000
Coca-Cola
7.823
-
US Embassy Maputo/PEPFAR
9.720
-
Essor/Micro Credit
Project revenu
Allocated donations for investments
7.813
-
105.210
86.752
-
-
Total income
176.067
182.568
Expenditure
Capital investments
Land
-
-
Construction
-
-
Equipment
-
-
Human resources
54.221
48.474
Programs & Materials
53.070
27.468
457
2.994
Project Costs
Micro Credit
9.292
529
Local Office
58.188
47.382
Other
14.555
Total expenditure
Total cash & bank balance year end
2.868
189.783
129.713
39.138
52.855
Young Africa
Travel
36
At the same strategic meeting, the following
goals were outlined for the year 2013:
• Improve equipment for the departments
• Respond adequately to the market, focus
on the quality of teaching and self-sustainability
• Raise the level of self-sustainability in order to reduce the dependency of donors
• Organize training per level, and improve
graduates’ professional future
• Improve communication and collaboration among staff of the Heads of Departments
• On-going maintenance of infrastructure
• Maintain partnerships with the private
sector, NGOs, donors - growth of the
centre
• Improving the Management and Marketing of the centre
YA Mozambique - Beira
In September we had a meeting at Nazaré centre.
The meeting aimed at the development of a
Strategic Plan for 2013 for Young Africa Vocational Centre Beira. The meeting was attended by 8
participants of which 6 members from the Young
Africa Staff : The Project Coordinator, The Director
of the Centre; Administrator, the Programme Officer, Marketing Officer and Council of the Hostel, as
well as two (2) representatives from the Departments of Young Africa. We discussed the following
challenges:
1. Production of some of the departments stays
low. The machines don’t always have the newest technology but that isn’t the only reason
why the producion is so low. The negotiation
skills can be improved. This will be our new
focus.
2. There is a weakness in the capacity of management in the franchisees. The production
and the quality are too low. We have to focus
on production and the quality of our service.
First we have to concentrate on management
then on negotiation.
3. Quality of education: there is more and
more interest in our courses so we need to
concentrate even more on the quality of our
courses. We need to concentrate on good and
qualified teachers.
4. Lower figures of entering girls in the hostel
were due to the low funding the orphanages
could offer this year.
5. We need to monitor the micro-credit programme as the repaying rate was very low.
We had and will have to work with the local
police to overcome this issue.
6. Searching for equivalence courses in order not
to saturate the market and provide professionals with a high level of expertise.
7. The change of the Administrator; looking for
one and reintegrating the new one at Young
Africa.
8. There are just few students who apply for our
Micro-Credit project as they still prefer a job at
a company. We want to let the students know
about the possibilities and the advantages it
can have to have your own company.
9. We did find new hostel matrons. We introduced to them the Young Africa philosophy and
helped them to start working with the help of
a volunteer.
5.6 Goals
ira
e
YA B
Young Africa
5.5 Challenges and Lessons learned
37
6.1 Activities Young Africa AgriTech – Dondo
During 2012 all energies and resources were
focussed on setting up of the facilities of Young
Africa Agri-Tech, development of the programmes and building strategic partnerships with
potential stakeholders of the centre.
6.1.1 Set-up of facilities
To be able to carry out the construction cost-effective on the budget and with no cost to the environment, we decided to hydraulically compress
our own bricks with manual presses that we
could buy locally and that could be operated by
people from the community. Thus we succeeded
in setting up a small block-making workshop that
produced the bricks needed for construction.
These bricks turned out to be carbon-neutral as
the little cement content comes from the factory
in Dondo itself while the sand is derived from
our own terrain. The quality of the bricks however demanded that walls still be plastered. The
construction workers came mainly from Dondo,
in combination with students in building technology, electrical installation and plumbing from the
Young Africa Centro de Formação in Beira.
Thus we constructed: two classroom blocks
with 10 classrooms, a reception and 2 offices,
two toilet blocks: with in total 14 toilets, 1 urinal,
4 showers, and 4 wash basins. Expansion of the
stores cum parking and maintenance for farm
equipment. Under construction is the house for
the directors.
The classrooms were furnished with desks and
benches with the capacity to seat 200 students
plus 20 teachers’ desks and chairs. Furniture was
produced by staff and students at the carpentry
department of the Young Africa Centro de Formação in Beira.
General works on the farm land and project area
that have been completed are:
• Digging of a water well and installation of a
water pump
• Fence the 2 ha. project area
• Clearing of 2 km of internal roads
• Construction of 3 internal bridges
• Expansion of the plot for bamboo cultivation
Vital for Agri-Tech was the arrival of a 12ft.
container sent by Young Africa International,
which brought, among many other types of
equipment, a tractor, plough and a drill tower for
water wells.
6.1.2 Programme
With regular training programmes starting in
2013/4, incidental programmes that have taken
place in 2012:
At the end of April 2012, we held a small
festive inauguration ceremony of Agri-Tech,
which marked the start of the construction
of the school block and the blessing of the
water pump. Invitees were the local leaders,
community members, the priest of the nearby
Catholic Church and his youth group. Hostel
girls of Young Africa Beira joined in as well.
The ceremony gave us the chance to once
more explain what Agri-Tech is going to offer
to Dondo and its inhabitants.
After the inauguration of the water pump, we
opened up the facility for the local community
for free. On a daily basis hundreds of (mainly)
women come and draw clean water from our
well. To some, it saves 4 hours of walking a
day. The pump is accessible to the people
from 6am-6pm.
An exchange programme between young workers from Dondo at Agri-Tech and volunteers
from our Irish partner organisation SERVE was
very productive: together they fenced the project campus and painted the classroom blocks.
In collaboration with the Catholic Church in
Dondo, the same volunteers hosted a football
tournament for teams from churches and
schools in Dondo. Around 200 youths participated in the fun and games at the football
pitch behind the secondary school.
Thanks to the expertise of the co-operator of
Horizont3000 attached to Young Africa, we
were able to hold a beekeeping course. 15
Student members of the Dondo Beekeepers
Association followed the one week course.
At the end all regular participants received a
certificate.
Young Africa
6. YA Mozambique - Dondo
38
YA Mozambique - Dondo
Young Africa
6.1.3 Programme development
9. Community activities as arts and sports
All programmes drawn up for the Agri-Tech
festivals, a youth club, sports campuses,
centre have been worked out, with the
meeting place.
greatest efforts spent on curriculum develop10. Lobby for replication of the methodology.
ment and manual
elaboration. Thanks
to the partnership
6.1.4 Strategic Partwith Horizont3000
nerships
we have an expert
Striking productive
in agriculture as
partnerships to build
well as education
up the Agri-Tech
attached to us. She
centre has been a key
has started working
activity in 2012. Young
out the curricula
Africa has received
and manuals for all
quite a number of
courses. The prorequests for partnergrammes planned
ships and has been
B
eekeepin
for are:
active in seeking
g first co
urse YA
Dondo
1. Run per year
links with all project
stakeholders. Many
2x11 agriculacknowledge the potural TVET
tential Agri-Tech has
courses of 6
to become a model project for basic agricultumonths for 500 students in agriculture,
ral skills training with a national outreach.
horticulture, bamboo cultivation and
processing, poultry management, cattle
With donors: the biggest leap forward for the
management, fish culture, forestry, meestablishment of Agri-Tech came in June, with
chanics of farm equipment, food procesthe approval of our proposal to the European
sing, agri-business management and farm
Commission in Mozambique. The response
management.
2. Develop the curricula for above-mentioned and eventual signing of the contract came
much later than expected, which caused
courses to include all aspects of the value
delays in the execution of the project. The
chain ‘from seed to sales’.
EU contract will start on 1/1/2013 and finance
3. Support graduated students to be econoworkshop and stable construction, equipmically active in farming or farm-related
ment, 4 years running expenses (scaling down
business.
upon growth in self-reliance). This means that
4. Train the 10 best students per year to befinancing of our core programme has been
come TVET teachers.
secured. SERVE Ireland funded the construc5. Agri-business development support to
tion of one classroom block plus furniture in
the farming community for 100 farmers
an alliance with Misean Cara, Electric Aid and
(66% women) per year: farm management
training, short innovation updating courses the Redemptorists; through a partnership with
Irish Aid they financed the fencing, well and
with special attention to women particiwater pump, electrical connection, roads and
pation and addressing their special needs,
facilities, and through their volunteers they
creating market linkages, rent-out of farm
paid for the teachers’ desks and a football
equipment, link-up with micro-financing
tournament. Wild Geese matched the grants
institutions.
6. Hostel facility for 64 girls and 64 boys from collected by Young Africa International with
55% premium and thus assisted in building the
nation-wide to stay and study.
second classroom block plus purchase of es7. Resource centre for the agri-business secsential farm equipment (tractor etc.). Stichting
tor: a laboratory, library, internet café
Indaaba released funds to build an on-site
8. Capacity building of franchisees and staff
residence for the directors.
until hand-over to the local team.
39
With (potential) franchisees: Luz Bambu had
signed a contract and
started the plantation
of bamboo cultivation.
Other potential franchisees have been kept on
hold as the starting of
their work depended on
the EU fund that came
later than planned.
YA Mozambique - Dondo
With the community: several meetings with the
local community and leaders of Macharote (our
neighbourhood) in Dondo have taken place.
Many rotated around resettlement of the two
families living on our campus. The Municipality
of Dondo has allocated a new plot of land for
them while Young Africa builds a house for
them. This is progress for them, as they now
get a brick house instead of a hut. Contacts
with farmers associations have been on-going,
resulting in f.i. the beekeepers course and
starting the eco-block making on-site. The work
force for the Agri-Tech centre hails mainly and
as much as possible from the local community.
The water pump is open daily for the community.
They have placed two experts at Young Africa
Agri-Tech one for programme development
and management and one for quality control
of the construction and various agricultural
skills among which beekeeping. PUM (Netherlands Senior Expert Programme) had sent
two experts in agricultural mechanisation to
take inventory of the equipment needs for the
farm. The idea was they in partnership with
vocational training schools in The Netherlands
they would buy second-hand farm equipment
and with the students completely overhaul the
machines for use at Agri-Tech. For an experienced farm manager to set-up the agricultural
activities we had counted on USAID/Agrifuturo. In spite of having selected two fitting
candidates and due to lengthy procedures and
unclear financial policies, still no farm manager
has been allocated to Young Africa.
NGO’s and Embassies: Agrifuturo has proven
a powerful ambassador for networking. We
have had project visits and presented AgriTech to USAID
,DfID, GIZ,
Oasis, CCS, Ford
Foundation,
Ashoka Fellowship, SNV,
ICEI, Instituto
Superior Alberto Chipande,
among others.
A project presentation was
given to the
o
d
n
Dutch Embassy.
o
D
r YA
With the private sector:
Young Africa further
ctor fo
First tra
strengthened the link
with ACIS, the association
Governmental
of commerce and indusauthorities: The
tries in Sofala province.
relationship
Another strategic link has been laid with the
with the Mayor and Municipal Authorities in
Beira Agricultural Growth Corridor project that Dondo is supportive of the Agri-Tech centre
aims to promote economic agricultural growth and has issued the title deed and all necessary
on the region. Partnerships with a number of
licenses. The Provincial Director of Agriculture
enterprises have been discussed for various
sees the potential of agricultural training and
types of collaboration: CleanStar Mozambique, has promised to make land available for graduJohn Deere, Vale, and more.
ates of the centre. The Provincial Director of
For technical expertise: for agricultural knowEnvironment is applying an out-dated law for
ledge and capacity building of the local staff
environmental protection to Young Africa and
we have a strong partner in the Austrian NGO
with that delaying the digging of the lake for
Horizont3000.
irrigation and fish culture.
Young Africa
Other proposals have been submitted but not
yet rewarded for hostel construction, for the
multi-purpose hall and for the library/internet
café. More donors are continuously sought and
approached to finance parts of Agri-Tech.
40
6.2 Output/Results
Since the project is in its initial stages, we cannot possibly speak of results, only outputs:
Targets 2012
Output 2013
Complete construction
of the classroom block
Two classroom blocks, with
10 classrooms, a reception
and 2 offices completed
Two toilet blocks, with in
total 14 toilets, 1 urinal, 4
showers and 4 wash basins
completed
Expansion of the stores cum
parking and maintenance for
farm equipment completed
Construction directors’
house started
Start construction of
the workshops
Delayed – but to start early
2013
Start cultivation of the
farm
Started (first strawberries
eaten…), but delayed to
late release funds and arrival
farm equipment
Develop 11 new agricultural curricula
Model curriculum ready;
development of all curricula
well in process
Start the training programme with at least
two courses
Beekeeping has started
Form a project team
and build their capacity
Colleagues: local PR representative/ works manager,
advisor programmes,
advisor agriculture and
construction quality, construction supervisor, general
assistants, security guards
Raise funds for workshops, programme
costs and possibly the
rest of the buildings
Contract with European
Union signed, 2013-2016, for
workshops, stables, programme costs, equipment;
contract with SERVE/Irish
Aid for entrepreneurship
and utility fund; modest
fund for directors’ house
released; proposal hostels
and hall submitted
At this initial stage all work is carried out by
Raj A. Joseph and Dorien Beurskens. Raj is in
charge of all construction related work and
logistics management. Dorien takes care of
fundraising (with full back-up of Young Africa
International) and programme development.
Networking they do together.
YA Mozambique - Dondo
6.3 Human Resources
The works manager on site is Sacara Simango,
a graduate of Young Africa Beira in civil construction. With the presence of a construction
supervisor, Sacara has proven his worth as a
local PR representative. Construction supervisor as from the directors’ house is Philip Nyamayaro, who also took charge of most of the
buildings at the Young Africa centre in Beira.
All land, security and construction labourers
come from the Dondo community or are attached to Young Africa Beira.
The Austrian NGO Horizont3000 has delegated
Lydia Kummer and Siegfried Kummer to work
Young Africa in the areas of programme development and agricultural and construction
quality supervision. They bring in a applicable
expertise and years of experience in development work in Brazil and Africa.
In the organisational structure Young Africa
Dondo operates under the responsibility of
the Associação and the Management Board of
Young Africa Moçambique.
Young Africa
Educational authorities at national level (PIREP,
the reform programme for vocational training)
and INEFP (the vocational training authority of
the Ministry of Labour) are anxiously waiting
for Young Africa’s curricula for short courses
in agriculture and implement them at national
level. Unlike previously, the Ministry of Finances and Customs Authorities have unfortunately not been forthcoming to exempt Young
Africa from duty on imported educational and
agricultural equipment.
41
Statement of Income & Expenditure 2012 (in euros)
2012
Total cash & bank balance at year start
2011
11.195
15.001
Income
Donations
Serve-Ireland
Wild Geese
166.600
-
50.000
-
Stichting Indaba
13.724
-
YA International
-
35.002
1.324
616
322
-
-
-
Project revenu
Exchange rates adjustment
Allocated donations for investments
Total income
231.970
YA Mozambique - Dondo
6.4 Financial Resources
35.618
Expenditure
Capital investments
Land
-
6.915
Construction
177.291
18.061
Equipment
33.961
10.805
6.968
1.638
1.186
55
-
479
Project Costs
Programs & Materials
Travel
Micro Credit
-
-
Local Office
5
1.471
Other
-
-
Total expenditure
219.411
39.424
Total cash & bank balance year end
23.754
11.195
Young Africa
Human resources
42
Challenges faced in 2012 started off with an
armed robbery of the directors’ house in
Beira. Tough all present remained gratefully
unharmed, laptops, phones, money and other
electronic devices were lost. This included the
full proposal written for the EU. This challenge
however sharpened the determination and
proposal, which resulted in the award of a contract. Another challenge has been the delays
in receiving reactions from some donors to
proposals and long contract procedures. The
container that arrived from The Netherlands
with farm and educational equipment met with
many obstacles in the clearing process. The
clearing agencies involved seemed unmotivated and incompetent. Laws at times still create
a non-conducive investment climate. We have
learned to deal with this with patience and
perseverance (no corruption!). We experienced
that challenges have strengthened our conviction that we are in Mozambique at the right
place, at the right time and that there is work
to be done.
YA Mozambique - Dondo
6.5 Challenges & Lessons learned
6.6 Goals 2013
Young Africa
• complete construction of the 2 workshops,
2 stables, toilet block
• complete the 11 curricula for all skills training courses
• expand cultivation of the farm
• build up the Agri-Tech management team
• contract franchisees needed to run 11 skills
training courses
• have all facilities in place to start 11 agricultural skills training courses
• expand the short-term courses for local
farmers
• raise funds for the hostels plus facilities,
multi-purpose hall, resource centre
• have a grand opening of Young Africa AgriTech by November 2013.
43
7.1 Activities
All fundraising efforts have not yet resulted in
the required start-up capital to set up the first
skills training projects. Nevertheless, a young
woman from Kuisebmund township, Diamantina Somses, whom we met during our visit to
Namibia earlier in the year, has been hired as
of November 2012 on a consultancy contract
to start giving empowerment workshops to
underprivileged youngsters in the township.
Diamantina is specialised in HIV/AIDS and Life
Skills education and is truly committed to cater
for the needs of the underprivileged youth.
Young Africa Namibia, registered as a local
trust in 2011, is in its preparation phase to set
up the first projects. Having won the Dutch
ASN Bank award with the project “A sunny
future for underprivileged youth in Namibia”,
focusing on skills training in and promotion
of solar technologies at
its future energy neutral
skills training centre, Young
Africa Namibia also won
an award with the same
project with the Dutch campaign Cycling Scores. January 2012, Dirk and Yvette
Bellens, founders of Young
Africa Namibia, travelled to
Students
Namibia to meet with varilearning
abou
(Globab
eb resea t solar panels
ous organisations active or
rch stati
on)
interested in solar technologies in order to establish
a network and prepare for
the setup of this first skills training course. The
visit was also used to strengthen the local support and ownership of the project, and to open
doors to potential donors. A number of donors
showed keen interest in the project, but
requires Young Africa Namibia to
be up and running, at least
at a small scale.
In the Netherlands,
we received support
from Volker Wessels
Telecom, who offered to
provide Young Africa Namibia a mobile solar installation, which provides enough
energy for the future centre
to run energy neutral. Volker
Wessels Telecom provides this
unit at cost price, and will see to
its shipment to Namibia. They also
assist in raising funds for purchasing
the unit through their networks and
publications in trade magazines.
eting
n me
atio
nsult
Ya co
End of 2012, Yvette rounded off her paid job in
the Netherlands to focus
full-time on fundraising
and preparations for the
family to settle in Namibia and get the projects
and skills training centre
off the ground.
w
uth
ith yo
d
bmun
Kuise
Young Africa
7.YA Namibia
44
Statement of Income & Expenditure 2012 (in euros)
2012
Total cash & bank balance at year start
2011
12.018
-
YA Namibia
7.2 Financial Resources
Income
Donations
Cycling Scores campaign
16.006
3.000
-
490
-
Project revenu
-
-
Allocated donations for investments
-
-
Private donations
Total income
3.490
16.006
Expenditure
Capital investments
Land
-
-
Construction
-
-
Equipment
-
-
390
146
Human resources
Programs & Materials
Travel
-
191
3.975
1.748
Micro Credit
-
-
Local Office
363
284
-
1.619
Other
Total expenditure
Total cash & bank balance year end
4.728
3.988
10.780
12.018
Young Africa
Project Costs
45
YA Namibia
7.3 Goals for 2013
The goal for 2013 is for Yvette and Dirk Bellens to settle in Walvis Bay and set up the first
skills training project in solar technologies, for
which Volker Wessels will provide the equipment and workshop space. The aim is to train
15 youngsters in this course, and continue
with empowerment workshops for at least 60
youngsters. A local programme assistant will
be recruited as soon as programme activities
commence.
Kids in Kuise
bmund tow
Young Africa
nship
46