Funtastic™ Gerbera Daisy Varieties for Large Containers

Transcription

ENH1170
Funtastic™ Gerbera Daisy Varieties for Large Containers
and Flower Gardens1
Zhanao Deng2
Gerbera daisy is a popular flower throughout the world
(Tjia, Black, and Park Brown 2008). Many people enjoy
growing this flower in gardens or large containers. Six new
varieties have been released recently by the University of
Florida/IFAS gerbera breeding program at the Gulf Coast
Research and Education Center in Wimauma, Florida
(Deng and Harbaugh 2010). These varieties have been
selected and tested specifically for use in large containers
and flower gardens and can produce high-quality plants
with numerous bright-colored flowers (Table 1). Flower
stems (peduncles) of these varieties are 12–18 inches long
and are ideal for eye-catching color displays in the garden
and large containers, or for use as cut flowers, either alone
or as part of a larger arrangement. Greenhouse trials have
shown that these new varieties bloom earlier and produce
more flowers than existing commercial varieties. Additionally, these varieties seem to be more resistant to or tolerant
of powdery mildew, the most common and damaging
fungal disease in gerbera (Moyer and Peres 2012).
Descriptions
‘Funtastic™ Fire Orange’. Leaves: simple, pinnately lobed,
with deep lobes in the basal third, shallow lobes in the
central third, and no obvious lobes near the top third. Flowers: semi-double, orange-red, 4½–5½ inches in diameter
(Figures 1 and 2). Stems: 16–20 inches long.
‘Funtastic™ White’. Leaves: simple, with medium lobes in
the basal third, shallow lobes in the central third, and no
obvious lobes near the top third. Flowers: semi-double,
Figure 1. Flower of ‘FuntasticTM Fire Orange’ gerbera.
Credits: Photo: Gail Bowman, UF/IFAS
white, 4–4½ inches in diameter (Figures 3 and 4). Stems:
14–17 inches long.
‘Funtastic™ Blush’. Leaves: simple, with medium lobes in
the basal third and no obvious lobes in the central and top
thirds. Flowers: semi-double, light pink to white, approximately 4 inches in diameter (Figures 5 and 6). Stems: about
15 inches long.
‘Funtastic™ Yellow’. Leaves: simple, with deep lobes in the
basal third and shallow or no obvious lobes in central and
top thirds. Flowers: semi-double, yellow, 4½–5 inches in
diameter (Figures 7 and 8). Stems: 12–16 inches long.
1. This document is ENH1170, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date July 2010.
Revised August 2013. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.
2. Zhanao Deng, associate professor, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to
individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national
origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Florida, IFAS, Florida A&M University Cooperative
Extension Program, and Boards of County Commissioners Cooperating. Nick T. Place , Dean
Figure 2. Flowering plants of ‘Funtastic™ Fire Orange’ gerbera grown in
gallon containers.
Figure 5. Flower of ‘Funtastic™ Blush’ gerbera.
Figure 3. Flower of ‘Funtastic™ White’ gerbera.
Figure 6. Flowering plant of ‘Funtastic™ Blush’ gerbera grown in a
gallon container.
‘Funtastic™ Canary’. Leaves: simple, pinnately lobed, with
deep lobes in the basal third, medium lobes in the central
third, and shallow lobes near the top third. Flowers: semidouble, yellow, 4–4½ inches in diameter (Figures 9 and 10).
Stems: about 15 inches long.
Figure 4. Flowering plants of ‘Funtastic™ White’ gerbera grown in
gallon containers.
‘Funtastic™ Mango’. Leaves: simple, pinnately lobed, with
deep lobes in the basal third, shallow lobes in the central
third, and no obvious lobes near the top third. Flowers: full
double, orange-red, 4–5 inches in diameter (Figures 11 and
12). Stems: about 15 inches long.
Funtastic™ Gerbera Daisy Varieties for Large Containers and Flower Gardens
2
Figure 7. Flower of ‘Funtastic™ Yellow’ gerbera.
Figure 10. Flowering plants of ‘Funtastic™ Canary’ gerbera grown in
gallon containers.
Figure 8. Flowering plants of ‘Funtastic™ Yellow’ gerbera grown in
gallon containers.
Figure 11. Flower of ‘Funtastic™ Mango’ gerbera.
Figure 9. Flower of ‘Funtastic™ Canary’ gerbera.
Figure 12. Flowering plants of ‘Funtastic™ Mango’ gerbera grown in
gallon containers.
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Table 1 describes quality and flower production for six new
gerbera varieties and two commercial varieties (checks)
evaluated in winter 2008 and spring 2009 (Experiment 1)
and summer and fall 2009 (Experiment 2) in Wimauma,
Florida. Tissue culture liners of these varieties from AgriStarts, Inc., Apopka, Florida, were planted in gallon plastic
containers filled with Fafard 3B potting mix amended with
15-9-12 Osmocote® controlled release fertilizer (9 lb. per
cubic yard) and MicroMax trace element fertilizer (1.8 lb.
per cubic yard). Plants were grown in the greenhouse and
sprayed with insecticides or fungicides as necessary.
Powdery Mildew Resistance
Two experiments (Experiments 3 and 4) were conducted
to evaluate the resistance or susceptibility of these gerbera
varieties to powdery mildew and their flower production
under natural powdery mildew disease pressure. Experiment 3 was performed in winter 2008 and spring 2009, and
Experiment 4 was performed in summer and fall 2009. The
causal agent of powdery mildew at the experiment sites
was Podosphaera (syn. Sphaerotheca) fusca (Fr.) S. Blumer
(Moyer and Peres 2008).
‘Funtastic™ Blush’ had the lowest powdery mildew severity
ratings (averaged 3.6), significantly lower than the ratings
of the two commercial varieties (checks) (8.0–8.6), thus
indicating a considerable level of powdery mildew resistance in this variety (Table 2). Its powdery mildew severity
rating was also significantly lower than that of the other
Funtastic™ gerberas.
‘Funtastic™ Fire Orange’ and ‘Funtastic™ Mango’ were less
susceptible to powdery mildew than the checks (Table
2). ‘Funtastic™ Fire Orange’ and ‘Funtastic™ Mango’ were
the most floriferous in Experiment 4 and moderately
floriferous in Experiment 3 when natural powdery mildew
disease pressure existed. Similarly, ‘Funtastic™ White’ was
significantly less susceptible to powdery mildew than the
checks in Experiment 4 throughout the evaluation. It had
lower severity ratings than the checks in Experiment 3, but
the differences were not statistically significant. ‘Funtastic™
White’ remained more floriferous than the checks in both
Experiments 3 and 4.
‘Funtastic™ Yellow’ and ‘Funtastic™ Canary’ had lower
powdery mildew severity ratings than the checks in Experiment 4 (6.0–6.1 vs. 9.4–9.8), but their ratings in Experiment
3 were close to those of the checks (Table 2). In both tests,
‘Funtastic™ Yellow’ and ‘Funtastic™ Canary’ produced more
flowers than the checks.
Availability
Plant patents have been issued by the United States Patent
and Trademark Office to to ‘Funtastic™ Blush’ (PP23,488),
‘Funtastic™ Canary’ (PP23,448), ‘Funtastic™ Fire Orange’
(PP23,346), ‘Funtastic™ Mango’ (PP23,433), and ‘Funtastic™
White’ (PP23,373) , and plant patent rights have been
assigned to the University of Florida, Board of Trustees.
Plant patent is pending for ‘Funtastic™ Yellow’. Propagation
and production will be licensed by the Florida Foundation
Seed Producers, Inc., P.O. Box 110200, Gainesville, FL
32611. Information on propagation agreements can be
obtained from the Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc
(http://ffsp.net/).
Greenhouse Production and Plant
Care in Large Containers or Flower
Gardens
These varieties are vegetatively propagated through tissue
culture. Information on the sources of tissue culture liners
for these varieties can be obtained from the Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc. For information on greenhouse
production of these and other gerberas, refer to Dole and
Wilkins (1999), Kessler (1999), and Rogers and Tjia (1990).
For information about planting and caring for gerberas,
refer to Tjia, Black, and Park Brown (2008).
Disclaimer
Specific trade names are listed here only for giving specific
information. They do not constitute endorsement or recommendation of these products.
References
Deng, Z., and B. K. Harbaugh. 2010. UFGE 4141, UFGE
7014, UFGE 7015, UFGE 7023, UFGE 7032, and UFGE
7034: Six new gerbera cultivars for marketing flowering
plants in large containers. HortScience 45(6): 971–974.
Dole, J. M., and H.F. Wilkins. 1999. Gerbera. In Floriculture
principles and species, 356–61. Upper Saddle River, NJ:
Prentice Hall.
Hausbeck, M. K., W. R. Quackenbush, and S. D. Linderman.
2002. Evaluation of cultivars of African daisy for resistance
to powdery mildew. http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.
org/pub/trial/bctests/REPORTS/2003/O004.pdf [1 June
2012].
4
Kessler, J. K., Jr. 1999. Greenhouse production of gerbera
daisies. ANR-1144. Auburn: Alabama Cooperative Extension System. http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1144/.
Moyer, C., and N. A. Peres. 2012. Powdery mildew of gerbera
daisy. PP257. Gainesville: University of Florida Institute
of Food and Agricultural Sciences. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/
PP257.
Rogers, M. N., and B. O. Tjia. 1990. Gerbera production.
Portland, OR: Timber Press.
Tjia, B., R. J. Black, and S. Park-Brown. 2008. Gerberas for
Florida. CIR527. Gainesville: University of Florida Institute
of Food and Agricultural Sciences. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/
mg034.
Table 1. Plant quality score, flower quality score, flower production, and days to first open flowers of six new gerbera varieties and
two commercial varieties in two experiments
Varieties
Plant quality
Flower quality
Number of flowers produced
per plant over nine weeks
Days to first open flower
Funtastic™ Fire Orange
3.7 / 4.4
3.8 / 4.2
5.6 / 11.9
37.8 / 44.6
Funtastic White
4.7 / 4.7
4.7 / 5.0
7.6 / 9.0
42.3 / 49.6
Funtastic Blush
4.8 / -
4.5 / -
9.6 / -
52.2 / -
Funtastic™ Yellow
4.5 / 5.0
3.7 / 3.9
4.9 / 7.8
36.2 / 49.8
Funtastic Canary
3.9 / 4.8
4.8 / 4.8
6.2 / 9.0
41.2 / 45.3
Funtastic Mango
4.5 / 4.6
4.9 / 4.9
10.2 / 12.1
39.8 / 41.3
‘Bimini’
3.1 / 3.3
4.8 / 5.0
3.0 / 5.5
50.1 / 64.0
‘Pensacola’
3.2 / 3.3
4.1 / 4.3
1.4 / 2.5
55.8 / 68.8
™
™
™
™
Note: Scores before and after the slash indicate data collected from Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. A dash indicates that data were
not collected. Plant quality was rated using a scale of 1–5, where 1 = few leaves or long petioles, very poor, and unacceptable, 3 = fair, and 5
= excellent, full, attractive, symmetrical plants. Flower quality was rated on a scale of 1–5, where 1 = very poor, 3 = fair, some blemishes, but
acceptable, and 5 = excellent, bright, uniform, and no blemishes.
Table 2. Powdery mildew severity ratings and flower production of six new gerbera varieties and two commercial varieties
Experiment 3
Experiment 4
Varieties
Powdery mildew
ratings
Powdery mildew
ratings
Funtastic™ Fire Orange
6.8
4.4
5.3
5.6
Funtastic™ White
6.6
5.6
7.0
4.3
Funtastic Blush
3.6
7.6
Funtastic Yellow
7.8
6.0
6.0
3.5
Funtastic™ Canary
7.4
6.2
6.1
4.6
Funtastic Mango
6.2
5.0
5.5
5.1
‘Bimini’
8.0
3.2
9.4
2.6
‘Pensacola’
8.6
3.0
9.8
1.1
™
™
™
Note: Plants were grown under natural powdery mildew pressure in winter 2008 and spring 2009 (Experiment 3) and summer and fall 2009
(Experiment 4) in Wimauma, Florida. Powdery mildew severity was rated on a scale of 1–10 (Hausbeck, Quackenbush, and Linderman 2002),
where 1 = no disease, 2 = trace to 10% of leaf surface covered with powdery mildew, 3 = 10%–20%, 4 = 20% –30%, 5 = 30%–40%, 6 = 40%–50%, 7 =
50%–60%, 8 = 60%–70%, 9 = 70%–80%, and 10 = 80%–100%.
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Funtastic™ Gerbera Daisy Varieties for Large Containers

Transcription

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