Newsletter 13 - The Religious Society of Friends
Transcription
Newsletter 13 - The Religious Society of Friends
Friends House Moscow e-mail: fhm@online.ru Issue No. 13: with program notes for May - Oct. 2002 FHM Governing Board: . Balti/llore I'M LauraNell Obaugh Britaill I'M Eleanor Barden Patricia Cockrell Jonathan Silvey Peter Dyson Friellds Ullited Meetillg Johan Maurer Gerl/fnll I'M Anne Englehardt Moscow MM Victor Zubarevich lapall I'M Taka Murakami Pacific YM Kay Anderson Julie Harlow PI/i/ndelpl1ia YM Ed Sargent Norway I'M Erik Cleven St. Petersburg WG Olga Dogina ex-officio Hollalld/FWCC/EMES Bronwyn Harwood Staff Sergei Nikitin Galina Orlova Suzanne Eade Kolia Fomin (intern) Fall-Winter 2002 Reviving Volunteerism in Gatchina The term "volunteer" took on a new and negative meaning in the Soviet Union. It was a required, non-paid day of service, enforced by employers and social pressure. Although Soviet citizens would boast to foreign visitors about the accomplishments of such work days, there was a sense of relief at the demise of this tradition with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Ge~~ing teenagers to revive the more universal concept of willingly giving their time and effort for the good of others is no small task. This was the goal of the third annual Eco Camp held in July of 2002. Eleven volunteers came Teens in Gatchina clean a public park. from Volfodonsk, Sofia, Moscow, Dzerzhinsk, and Gatchina to donate their time and energy to cleaning public areas in the town of Gatchina. They tidied up rubbish in the park, did weeding around the buildings and cleaned the ponds and canals. This year two or three other camps were held too, following our example, so the spirit seems to be spreading. Hostages vs. Peaceful Solutions US Newsletter editor Julie Harlow I by Julie Harlow On October 23, as the members of the FHM Board gathered in Moscow for the annual meeting, Chechen extremists took control of a large downtown theater holding over 700 citizens hostage. Yasmin Alibhai-Brown wrote in the UK periodical The Independent: "Russian authorities describe them as Muslim separatists ..: (but they call themselves) paramilitaries fighting for freedom from Russian occupation". Their demand: pull all Russian troops out of Chechnya.. Putin's Friends House Moscow is an initiative of Friends worldwide response: there will be no negotiation with terrorists. The which seeks to encourage spiritual growth and the development tension in the city was palpable - on the streets, in the of a civil society based on mutual trust and community subway, in the shops. Many feared that the situation was cooperation. We aim to provide a stable and visible presence in doomed to end in many deaths. the face of rapidly changing conditions as we express the unique Nevertheless, on Saturday, October 26, the faith and practice of the Religious Society of Friends. We put this Moscow Times reported on 2 peace demonstrations faith into action by working for social justice based on our Friday. About 200 people held a rally near Red Square fundamental belief in the presence of and another 200 demonstrated near the captured theater. God in each individual. FHMMission Statement continued on page 2 Alternatives to Violence Project Continues to Grow The Alternatives to Violence Project (AVP) in Russia continues to spread into new areas and reach new organizations. While the first efforts in Russia required foreign trainers to come in at great expense, there are now local trainers at every level. At the end of April the council appointed Ania Grasenkova to be the new coordinator for the next 3 months. During May Grasenkova worked very hard to systematise the data on AVP in Russia. She came to FHM two or three times a week and worked on the computer, putting in order the lists of workshop participants and their comments, going back to 1999. She also produced a list of currently active facilitators. Together with Galina (FHM staff member), Ania produced a text for the "AVP Russia" website. The AVP council planned four workshops for June (two basic and two T4T), allowing for the fact that half of May is taken up with public holidays and so no workshops could be organised during this period. At the start and end of May there were 2 mini-workshops for facilitators. At the first, a few facilitators talked about what they had learned when leading AVP exercises like "I-messages", "Fishbowl", and new "light and livelies". The second mini-workshop was dedicated to "forgotten" exercises, ones which facilitators do not usually include in their program planning. We also discussed situations which arose during the work on One of the facilitators at an A VP workshop in Lipetsk. transforming power at the basic workshop for German volunteers. continued on page 3 Hostages vs. Peaceful solutions continued from page 1 The protesters carried signs reading. "Stop the war in Chechnya", "Moscow wake up" and "Stop spilling blood." Many of the protesters were friends and colleagues of Mark Rozovsky, a director and playwright whose 14 year old daughter was among the hostages. Marina Kholodnova, a 47 year old protester was quoted as saying, "I sincerely believe that what we were told about this war wasn't true... We were told there were some random mopping-up operations. Now I understand that there is a real war over there. (The actions oj) these Chechens, who are prepared to give tl1eirlives, made me understand it. I don't think they are terrorists. They are people who want to stop the war. They did such a thing because of their great anguish." Even Putin stressed the importance of not blaming all Chechens for the actions of a few extremists. Chechen officials had tried to reason with the hostage takers, warning that this would not help the situation at home. Instead, it would more likely lead to heavy losses in Chechnya. Even in Grozny,. the capital of the Chechen republic, a large demonstration was held denouncing the actions of the hostage takers and violence in general. They pleaded with the hostage takers to give up and let the hostages go. However, the captors were not deterred from the course they had set. At about 5:00 AM the Russian forces outside decided on a desperate course of action: they would pump an anesthetic gas into the theater putting all the hostages and their captors to sleep. Then troops could rush the building, capture the terrorists and release the hostages. It was all over rather quickly. Most of the hostage takers inside were killed. Ambulances came to take the hostages to hospitals. The family members and friends who were waiting outside rejoiced that loved ones had survived. The word spread quickly that most of the hostages had been released. Then the toll of deaths among the hostages began to rise. At first it was less than twenty, and then about 50 and eventually the total reached 128. Some were horrified that so many died, but most Russians who were interviewed by the press felt that the actions were justified. Even some families of those hostages who died said it was the right action to take, grateful that at least some of the hostages were reunited with their loved ones. In general, the world leaders praised Putin's action as necessary and courageous. Immediately a wall of flowers and candles began to grow in front of the theater, tokens of grief and sympathy for fellow continued on page 3 - 2- Alternatives to Violence Project Materials for the AVP website (Russian language) are now ready (www.avp.inrussia.org), and we are preparing to reprint the second-level AVP manuals. The AVP council joyfully reports, "We have now obtained, with the help of the Center for Peacemaking and Community Development (CPCD), the necessary papers for signing an agreement with UIN (Department of Punishment the prison service) which will hopefully allow AVP in prisons." In mid April Galina went to Lipetsk to be one of the facilitators for toe T4T workshop and to find out about this project, which FHM is financing. Together with the project co-ordinator, Sasha Pominova, she visited the "Peers" club in the Novolipetsk region, where many young people from underprivileged families spend most of their time out on the streets. The psychologists, Tania and Zhenia, who are funded by Some of the "Street Children" participating in an A VP workshop in Lipetsk.. FHM, run psychological workshops-' for these young people. The psychologists invite young people from a local college to attend, too. When the FHM project ended at the start of May, Sasha Pominova intended using their reports as the basis of an appeal to the local authorities for funding for the work the psychologists have begunwiththe "streetchildren". . Hostages vs. Peaceful Solutions continued from page 2 Muscovites who had lost friends and family. The city mourned its losses and rejoiced that so many had been saved. It was referred to as Moscow's "Sept. 11th". The Aftermath, Hopes for Peace and the Work of FHM The tone set by President Bush after Sept. 11, was echoed in the Kremlin. There was a renewed call to eliminate all terrorists. The brutality of past and current military actions in Chechnya was now labeled as too soft. But this is not the only voice in the region. Many individuals and organizations including F~iends House Moscow are working for peaceful solutions to the current conflicts. One spokesman for a negotiated solution is Ivan Rybkin, the former Russian Duma speaker. Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty reported in'October that Rybkin said, "The time has come when, personally, President Putin and President Maskhadov should sit down at the negotiating table to bring an end to the brutal warfare taking place in Chechnya". Rybkin helped bring about the 1997 peace accord that ended Russia's first Chechen war and is the most prominent political figure in Russia now advocating a negotiated end to the conflict. Speaking through a translator during a briefing on October 24, he said that Russian leaders should "stop lying to ourselves .and the rest of the world about the situation in Chechnya." He urged that separatists be addressed at the political leveL Rybkin argued for a peace settlement between Russia and Chechnya that would include "the cessation of hostilities,...amnesty for the participants in hostilities on both sides, [including those] who may have committed crimes during this war in Chechnya and granting Chechnya...the widest possible autonomy while it remains part of the Russian Federation." Rybkin claimed that the Chechen side is ready for such negotiations, stating that President Maskhadov's special envoy Ahmed Zakayev told him during meetings in August in Zurich and Liechtenstein that "the Chechen side...would welcome direct presidential rule by President Putin in Chechnya for the interim period." According to Rybkin, even some of the military leaders are "sick and tired of this war" and are "trying to find a way out." He noted that the actual number of Russian casualties in the second Chechen war may be much higher that the officially released figure of continued on page 4 -3- Hostages vs. Peaceful Solutions continued from page 3 four thousand. According to the Union of Committees of Soldiers' Mothers, which recently held a nation-wide meeting in Moscow, the Russian military has suffered 14,000 casualties, including those killed in action, those who died of wounds suffered in action and those who committed suicide due to the war. Those working for peace are not just at the official level. There are citizens on both sides of the conflict who want peace. Erik Cleven, clerk of the board of FHM. sites examples of 2 of the organizations working in this area. "CCM* and CPCD** have now run three dialogue workshops with a total of around 2S Russian and Chechen civil society actors who are discussing issues, suggesting ways forward and working on joint projects. This is a continuation and a strengthening of already existing joint action especially on the part of many women from Chechnya and Russia. These people are almost invisible in the m.erlia,giving the impression that it is the Russian security forces vs. the separatists, and then a few parliamentarians like Rybkin who are in the picture. " "There are a lot of people in the middle, in what one might call the peace constituency, both Russians and Chechens who not only want peace, but are doing something about it. One week after the hostage crisis (colleagues) from CCM and CPCD were facilitating a joint dialogue workshop where Russians and Chechens were working on developing joint peace-building projects. This project. which we call the' Peace-building Capacity Development Project for Russia-Chechnya' started last year with support from QPSW as a collaboration between FHM, CPCD and CCM. Now we have received support from the Norwegian MFA and the A seven-year old protester holds a sign that reads, " Save my Daddy" Canadian government and many people have been involved from southern Russian, Moscow region, Ingushetia and Chechnya. And, of course, there are other initiatives as well." Friends House Moscow is involved in this work. Many of our projects involve teaching conflict resolution skills to be used in mediation work in Chechnya and other troubled areas. These trainings are requested by teachers, leaders of grass roots organizations and organizers in refugee camps. Each contact.we make reinforces the belief that we are not alone in working for peace and our part in the work is important. *CCM is the Norwegian Center for Peace-building and Conflict Management, a peace center directed by Erik Cleven **CPCD is the Center for Peace-building and Community Development, founded and directed by Chris Hunter in Britain. Bring FHMto your Meeting. Julie Harlow, one of the original founders of FHM, is available to make presentations at regional gatherings and quarterly and yearly meetings. A dynamic and entertaining speaker, she has been well received at regional gatherings in the western states and at FGC for over 10 years. Please contact her if you can help arrange an invitation. fhmus@aol.com or phone 530-753-6826 -4- Sewing Project in Penza I In the town of Penza over 20 women and teen-age girls sit at sewing machines and produce trousers and other clothing. These products provide clothing for their own families, but even more important, they provide a means of income for the women, most of who are widows. The workshop is open full time, 5 days a week, and 2 sellers sell the products at the market 6 days a week. fP.<.<f" +~:> ,.,~~l~;;~g . '£;.;It~~ '.. '~ . Galina Orlova (FHM to sell . . J~I. tf,~#?jt;',' " staff) went to Penza in July to see how the project was going. She observed how grateful they were that jobs have been created for these women and that young girls were being taught to sew. This will give them the chance of a career. She saw that there was the potential to expand both the W9rkshop itself and the number of places where gopds were sold. There is the chance '. . . . .'~"--I.'Jt\'f~::;-.; ~..~U-;'~ - fJ - Sewing trousers and other clothing. brings much needed income to these migrant women. goods at a stall in the market and in a shop. The fact that the workshop has moved to the center of Penza will make selling goods in Penza easier. At the beginning of September we received a report from the project coordinator to say that during August they bought 3 industrial sewing machines and sewing materials. In one month the workshop produced 250 items of children's and men's clothing which can be sold for 65,000 roubles (more than $2000). They formed a group of 10 secondary school girls who will be taught to sew professionally, created 11jobs for refugee women and gave school trousers free of charge to 17 pupils from poor migrant families. At a subsequent meeting, the FHM Executive Committee agreed to fund the expansions of the project. IMediation in Ukrainel Teachers exchange ideas to teach peace and mediation skills. -5- The Odessa Regional Mediation Group is addressing the high social tension in Ukraine, the weak regional links between education specialists, the need for training in non-violent conflict resolution and the lack of specialist information on methodology and is providing an opportunity for the exchange of ideas and resources. They ran a competition to find the best methodology, lesson and course program in building a culture of peace and conflict resolution. This project will encourage interdisciplinary cooperation, help build a culture of peace and prepare videos and written materials which can be distributed more widely among specialists. The Current Crisis in Chechnya I Choices for Chechens Since the hostage situation in Moscow, the Russian military has stepped up its search for "terrorists" in Chechnya. This means that the people in Chechnya are subject to sudden searches, many arrests and much fear. Chechens have only three choices: they can move to Moscow or other cities where they have relatives, they can escape to refugee camps or they can live in Chechnya. None of these is a good option. None provides the peace, stability or normalcy they seek for themselves and their children. Many refugees choose to move to Moscow or another city, usually where they already have relatives or know that other refugees have fled. Once they arrive, though, they find life much more difficult than they had imagined. There is no work, no safe housing, no schooling and little help. (see the articles about the FHM sponsored projects "Wann Home ",~ "Woodworking Shop" and "Krasnodar Women's Club" in issue #10 and "Sewing Project in Penza" in this issue) Without documents to prove who they are they cannot apply for legal immigration to a new area. They can be denied the housing, work and school guaranteed to Russian citizens. Since Chechnya is within Russia, they are also denied any of the services offered to foreign refugees. There is now legal support so the children of refugees can attend public schools (see "School for Refugee Children" in issue #11). However, their problems do not end with admission. Many of them have not been in school for many years. Some have never attended. Besides the traumatizing effects of the war, they are years behind their peers academically and have very poor social skills. In addition to this there is tremendous prejudice against them by the other students and the teachers. Even in their apartments they are not safe. Searches may occur at any time of the day or night, family members may be arrested because of the lack of some papers and there is a constant state of fear. Such instances have increased dramatically since the hostage situation and the intensified efforts to root out "terrorists". Other Chechens have fled to the refugee camps where life is limited to trying to survive. There are dilapidated tents that provide little protection from the .winter cold. Water ~nd food are in short supply. There is usually no work and no school. The children continue in a traumatized state, often for years, without treatment. Some become withdrawn. Others are violent. The parents, often just a mother or other relative caring for them, are themselves too traumatized to be of much help to their distra.ughtchildren. Many of the children up to the age of 10 have never been in a school. There are a few tutoring and play-therapy programs, like the ones FHM sponsors, in some of the camps, but they are inadequate for the vast number of refugees that need such services. (see "Little Swallow" in issue #10) Despite the poor situation, many Chechens wish to remain in the camps until it is safe to return to their homes. There has been more safety and better living conditions in the camps than back in Chechnya. However, this is ending. Forced Camp Closures The Russian government wants the rest of the world to think that life in Chechnya has returned to normal - that it is a safe place to live. Therefore they are forcing the closure of many of the camps and demanding that the refugees return home. Some of the refugees have been given a December deadline to vacate or they will be forcefully removed. Power and food supplies have already been cut off to some areas. However, what awaits them is anything but normalcy. Tuberculosis is epidemic. There are outbreaks of diphtheria and cholera. The infectious disease situation is further aggravated by the lack of hospitals, poor communication lines and roads, and bad quality drinking water. Forty-two percent of the drinking water samples taken in one district do not meet sanitary standards. Human rights groups unite in condemning the brutality of the Russian forces in the area. The International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF) characterized this "as a process which borders on genocide," said Aaron Rhodes, executive director. One Moscow-based human rights group estimated that between 10,000 and 20,000 Chechen civilians had been killed by Russian forces since 1999. Moscow's troops are regularly accused by Western governments and human rights groups of looting houses and killing civilians during raids aimed at rooting out rebel fighters. In addition to the constant dangers from the military actions in the area, the returning refugees have little in the way of facilities to return to. Steven Lee Myers of the New York Times reported on October 10, 2002: "The Kremlin has promised billions of rubles for reconstruction, but almost the only sign of work is an effort to patch up six apartment buildings near the ruins that were once Lenin Square. The only buildings fully restored in Grozny include (local political leader's) offices and the headquarters of Grozny's electric company. The company managed to restore electricity to parts of the city this summer for a few hours a day. There is still no running water. "By contrast, the bases of the Ministry of the Interior's 46th Brigade and the Red Army's 42nd Motorized Infantry Division are neat, tidy oases in Grozny's ruins. "What is most staggering about Chechnya today is not just the shocking scale of destruction, but the dissonance between the pronouncements of Russian officialdom and the realities of life in a place battered first by one war, and then, for the last three years, by another." At Friends House Moscow, we continue to look for opportunities to help in many different ways. Many individuals and small grass-roots organizations look to us for guidance and support in setting up programs to address the needs of the families in camps. Others are struggling to survive in a socially unsupportive city. As Chechens return home, we may have opportunities to assist those trying to rebuild life in Chechnya. We hope that you will continue to support us so that we can continue to support peaceful and cooperative efforts throughout the region. -6- Projects in Brief I workshop (another FHM project in Penza for unemployed refugees). A planning project on Peace Education: As one of the first steps towards the project we have decided to organize a seminar on tolerance in schools with the help of the Center for Development and Peace Studies. Those interested in further peace education work with schoolchildren will be invited. The idea was discussed with Ivan Samarin, who works with COs in Arkhangelsk, and he thinks such a seminar would be very useful. He promised that two participants from Arkhangelsk would love to join the seminar. Orphanage library in Lubertsy: Grace Anne Williamson, a volunteer with VSO (Voluntary Service Overseas) and a coordinator of this project. got the money from FHM to purchase books for library to be created at the orphanage. One of the rooms will be converted into.a library where the children can have access to existing and new books. There will be a quiet reading area there and the chance to borrow books by the 86 children who live there. Half of them are orphans and half have family who can not care for them full-time. Lastochka project: The staff worked with Oksana, a psychologist from the NGO "Civic Assistance" who wants to run a training course for the Lastochka play therapists-who work in refugee camps in Ingushetia. Contacts with other organizations and individuals: A large part of the work of the staff is making connections with other organizations and individuals with common interests and developing a network of mutual support and cooperation. Here are some examples: Computer classes for special needs children: Valentina Boiko came to Moscow to collect the grant for her work with handicapped children. We gave her information about CAF and arranged for her to visit the CAF library where she found other addresses of fund-granting organisations. She has bought two computersfor the childrenwith special needs. One is a good quality new computer and another is a second hand computer. The computer class started in August. Ten children attend the class with great pleasure. 1. Russian Doukhobor community in Briansk region 2. Asia landarova of the "Asiam" Chechen Cultural Education Center 3. Tamara Alieva , who set up the "Education and a Culture of Peace in Chechnya" program 4. Olga Vorkunova, Center for Development and Peace Studies 5. Rustem Maksudov. Center for Legal and Judicial Reform 6. Three members of the Fellowship of Reconciliation 7. Nina Kami.na, director of the NGO "Right to a Family". in Dzerzhinsk 8. Maka Cielecka, a volunteer at the School for Refugees in Moscow 9. Meeting with people working at children's homes and orphanages in Novgorod region. 10. Georgina Hounsome. a British volunteer 11. Sergei Badaev, who is working towards setting up a center for interfaith dialogue. 11. Korey Hartwich of Global Jewish Assistance and Relief Krug, an NGO working with handicapped children in Moscow: Kolia, FHM intern, visited the organization each Wednesday from 11.00 to 14.00 to help them in the day-care center. Residential home project in Dzerzhinsk: Andrei Tumanov came to FHM to collect money for the project. The purpose of the project is to protect residents' rights at Reshetikha residential home (in a village near Dzerzhinsk) and to improve conditions there (food, clothing, etc.). The clients are 190 disabled and/or elderly people who live at the residential home. Network Moscow Monthly Meeting for Worship: In support of the spiritual growth of the Meeting, FHM staff suggested to MMM that they might }iketo meet at FHM twice a month for a meetin'g for worship followed by discussion of issues connected with Friends' faith and practice. The idea was welcomed and the first such meeting was held at the end of May. After worship we discussed, in the manner of worship sharing, Robert Griswold's article, "No creed is not the same as no theology", published in the December 2001 issue of Quaker Monthly. Galina and Suzanne had translated it into Russian. The article aroused great interest among those present. One Friend commented that she had long wanted to hear about Quaker theology. although what she learned from the article ran counter to her own views as a Russian Orthodox believer. Comments by many of the other Friends. meanwhile. showed that they shared the author's views. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. . Donna Hains, student co-ordinator at the British Council Martin Waehlisch. German CO and volunteer German Embassy function for NGOs Sergei Sorokin. a Moscow expert on COs lulia Nikola of a charity in the Briansk region which works with Chemobyl victims. orphans and other needy groups 17. Aina Umarova, former AVP coordinator. now living in Ingushetia 18. Russian Orphans' Opportunity Fund 19. Grace-Anne Williamson. a Scottish social worker who volunteers with Voluntary Service Overseas 20. George W. Bush from Washington DC at the American Embassy in Moscow 21. Olga Taianovskaia, of Krug, NGO working with handicapped children 22. Jo Tyler and Adam Berry of CPCD 23. Liudmila Kulik, the lawyer helping FHM with registration 24. Ivan Samarin from an Arkhangelsk NGO working with COs Seminar on tolerance in Penza: The seminar took place in July. Two participants are going to go to Moscow to participate in a T4T on tolerance so that they can better use their new skills in Penza. The trip will be funded by the profits of the sewing . Available from the US., for yourself or afriend FHM Tee-shirts: only $12 Logo and lettering ')f3ER lJ ~~ ~ ~J' are in white on colors. Adult sizes S, M, L, XL ~ °0 ~tt1 a donation . th naas ae gift In e m of someone Youthsize 10-12. thermal commuter mugs special d- 100% cotton $12 each plus "'1\ $2 postage in the US. ~ $5 international. ~vc Colors: Red: Teal Green, is' ~C Deep TurquoIse Blue, ItOUSE Grape, Pale Blue, Gold, Charcoal, Redwood, and Tan. (limited supplies of some colors; state 2-3 choices) ~~ /1f"-.-!J \ An attractive post card will be sent to the person(s) YOUdesicmate stating that 0.' a donation has been made to Friends House Moscow in their name. Sturdy '\ dishwilsher safe hunter green plastic with white wrap-around logo, "thumb slide" lid $6 each (plus same postage as for shirts) \-/ Please send inquiries, suggestions for future articles, letters to the editor, news of other Quaker activities in the area, requests and, of course, your . cf 0 Julie Harlow tax deductible donations . - to: Friends House Moscow Support Association 1163 Auburn Dr. Davis CA 95616 e-mail: fhmus@aol.com pleasemakecheckspayableto: Friends House Moscow Support Association How you can help: Receive and announce newsletters for your meeting or church (twice a year) * Askyour meetingto contributeannuallyto FHM * Let us know of organizations that may fund specific programs of FHM * Take letters or other materials to Moscow when you go or bring them back rettl171 address: Friends House Moscow Support Association cf 0 Julie Harlow 1163 Auburn Dr. Davis, CA 95616 TO: Issue #13 It~ I L.11I1I.IIIIIIILnlllllllll.II\ I II II1111111111111,1 11111 \
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