Solidarity - Ethiomedia

Transcription

Solidarity - Ethiomedia
“ A ”
I
E
(I ) ! " /I A $ % & ' ( )*&+ A,-./ 012 %34 5!!
5!!
7A8 I9:; <= >
? 0@<
A;B; 2004FG
H IJ4 7G
@<K7 LM 5 7&N 0O7P A1 !Q3
I9:;*; )R E
S%
' IJT U'* G&V=W AX;
'YZ* &R %'S[\ &G ON>&G %=Z* % Y]^
_`
;&Y*S* Ha=R 70'H % ^bUW G^
A&0; 7&N
c I ^ade O'f; g/ AB`
fh3 )R
E
S%
'
7B
IJ4 *&+ 0NiGOZ* AQ& ^ade j( E
kQl (IHR) Sm !S3* On (g/) &4 A< “S1(W
Aop” 7AR E& U0f `17 j( 7rs 'EZ*G G&<
/
E1Rt' d/ j(n/ )0';u 31k/ ;12 r AQg/G
)E%v`p-Aop `17j( 31I (https://amharicdictionary.com/)
(H 0!Sc 7r
Z* 31k\ O'ln/ R
S% E!Q'
7B Ix4 *&+ 0NiS* A&0;y "
oNj'; A8 I9:; <=
>
? * Ee H IJ4 7o@< (H 0O7P %'S[/ A')
AH'G
A@<K 'A8 I9:; <= >
? A;
_` %z %{HR
AYA 'A8 I9:; <= >
? (AI<) * H <= >
? “)|}
HR> 'SFW >3A; E&+”
E&+” 7AR
“J(/G t UR!~ oG t vr
vr
AH/RG”
AH/RG” 7Am ] r./ I9:;*; 'S(Gy '4 'E> Ef
7o&0O7 A8 I9:; € @3 'o7=W 4  3K *
Copyright © 2012 by The Solidarity Movement for a New Ethiopia (SMNE)
H IJ4 'o&0o]y >&i @ 'oU‚3y '+
GG E
Gƒ 7+i& ;' GG ^4; NiG H(R
The Solidarity Movement for a New Ethiopia
(SMNE)
910 17th St. NW, Suite 419
Washington, DC 20006 USA
Email: media@solidaritymovement.org
Website: www.solidaritymovement.org
2
o*„
............................................................................................... 2
1. ......................................................................................... 4
2. ............................................................................................. 5
3. A (NISS) ............................ 7
4. ! ........................................................ 13
5. "A#$ %& ' ( E *%?............................20
6. A#$ I-. /01 A2
7. 3.- "567 89:;6 </=
!.............................22
! > ..................27
8. ?3@' AB@;6 C9 DEB %? ..............................32
9. 5 „U *&+ %†!! .............................................................35
10. “"6G " H" IJ% B AKLM” ..........................37
11. KO3....................................................................................43
`%K ^4m o&Y!‡ ................................................................45
,ˆ...................................................................................................46
&ER ,ˆ........................................................................................46
3
1. I9:; 70';u A>~„./ 7o‰ 7Š++ QT *&+ A&1n
E1‹ A12*
!"/I A$% )> LM !
A‰
Œ=* )oN
)
AR @
W ! o3% E0<1 H1pR 'B G 0%OP 7,p
E0Ni7
;'*
Ž=W
5
A1R%d
(A)
7E%v`p* G t jR NISS (National Intelligence and Security
Service) AO'* &];l
7>† 0* I (I) !HG 7E%v`p* (Information Network
Security Agency (INSA - I-))
I- 1 7OR AY!i* 3K * E
5 Gƒ ANi* % 7A& R^ E0,i A12*
‹‹I9
’G››
!HG
7i3
&f
AY!i*
I9:;
’fb” ’•– * A1‹— E&UJ 3& ;% E*
Jm 7EB G &]; ln/ 'H&f( 0˜f “O'ŒR~a/” ˆaPG
,
* Œ= A;U™* 7[Y* 7S1S<Z* Yoš\ *
)(H 70NiS* ,
* &'( /l (NISS) Š++ Œ A12*
I (I/
(I/I)
I) 75 *&+
A;RT o
Z*G ›Q9/ E0~N
E0)Y0' ',
* &'(
/l A;iy 1
p./ A;%y ’G A1R%dn/
ANR4y A0 0G *œ B
IJ4G ,
F(o
!"/I A$%
H 0G 7NiG
Œ=* 7A& R^ E;,i U'* I9
’G !HG ‹‹A ›› < 7o=2 7A1=/ _` (H E@<
;'* &'( A') Hr
Rœ
"PQ RGS %& 3AKB E#6 NISS (National Intelligence and Security
Service) T93% UV “3 /V7 /V7 3 /V”
XH E 93 KLC :Y Information Network Security Agency – INSA E
EZ[\% I- "3 K]..
1
4
2. 'A8
I9:;
<=
>
?
(AI<)
I
(I) 70')0 5 oSOS Œ= S= H8Rœ
7UY AQ./ 7;` 7m A&0,IO E;7)0 A12* <=
>
?;/y !"/I A$% A1‹` 7Ÿ
S./
0‰+ t
7A‰Y0
M|/ (H E;U‚ ;'* A‰
y
R
E;)
!
;'*
A&,]
0%O= EK% )¡
)A1 AR F'G Ai4 0oy ¢don/y
GO./y QY
SFW 0£</ 3Kn/y ! A1 A1†
*ƒ M|/ (70'HG GE= A* ¤y U
Q
A]U M% O(Z*
(H) A;)
** ^ ^ &'( 0%O >3A; GSN* ›QH r¥Rœ
1
)KGP GE= A1 ’G 0o FH
/J (‰ ;'*
!"/I A$%
GE=
A1
A1‹`
’G
A1
*&+
10*
O;./ Œ=Z*
E0ii
7KG
A1z
+'*
E!¦
;% *§* “t 17; Aty *33 &F A‰++y ! )40p A‰
0G A;<%” rs O'f;./
!¨©
RG 1OZ* A1 !Qg/ 7i+YG r 70@,,] A,K ; R 0j*
3GtZ* ASG0,Rœ
70)YYH ;'o+ A‰
E%R &7 7* %m ¢–&
EJG 7UY )›Qu < A%O ;(Z* O'f;./ 7B

S+0*
IT
3GtZ*
;Sf
YZ*
›QH (H
HY!jR
70'HG % ]•0 <M~ ! %R HªY E<1 !HG
7)¨R %R (¢=H«YH`3) r EQ'7 7NG '¬& 0)YYH
FY
£1
7Un/
7
(H
0NSS*
3%&
0&0,(Z*
AH&RG 7œ ­‡ (H % 0‰=* Jm Sœ A1R%d©
5 SS rœ S./ 1@OZ* )4'* ) A1— A1R%d
7=Z* (H N( %‹ ; R rœ 7rsG “A ” H O
&'(
A;)
*7
7-
13
0/n
7AJs
LM
!
0%O
E0<1 H1pR
5
H
@1O JmG &^ 7QS& 0£( * 'o' OHRG 7,
F(o 'o&0('4 A‰R1* RE^
!"/I A$% A1‹` @s
'o=@G 5
0o 7NiG )A1 A!~*
!
A1 A1O* EJG 7A1 *&+ A0('‰* 5 4S 7G
FH R '~N EQi 70!S R A;== * H o!Š ,p NiY*G SFW )o&)7 At AYH ˆrG
A8 I9:; 'Œ 7A1* %R 7A1 *&+G r 7*ƒ
A12* !1
/ %m 7A;U™37 !> v;% A1O* >3
+j? 'o&1@ )oSG AX; Er EY!>R E!Q'
6
3. A (NISS)
7E%v`p*
G t
jR
NISS (National Intelligence and
Security Service) 7OR AY!i* &'( /l 73KYW A!jiy
7S* {HRy 7^b^ jy 71@ !@0 7I9:; Um /ln/ 7(i
5 (H A1® * H
7 !"/I A$% A1‹` Š++ Œ A1®
/l A1‹— 'ŒR~s A;S› 7fm 7oy 7oS&
7Š++ Œ
7o,R 7ANj(H ' !"
R*
&< r Jm )13 A;&!%3
{HR *
H
3K E op*G 0G = r 3^ ˆaPG
(70'HG ^ade E¯n/ )NiG AX;) 7)40p 4+ E0‡‡'
‰~ '*°/ E;U‚ A1® 0G * 0N;- 70')0 %
!" i® EK E rs
i3* !" G]; 0U
&'rs AJ A)0'* A€=P 7%RI A;H * &'rG 0N]©
'I9:; _` !HG 'H&f( 'A€* ¤(o Hr 7i+Y
''&
M
W
rs
EJG
70f
*&+
7A
€=0p
A;1'%m
Š+=Z* )40p r* %=H 0!(±/ r
Z* B
/l ,p ';./ Z*
H
&'(
,> 77(H A=* 7Ž=W G^ l r G^ l© ,
AO(
{(¨./G N>(H Ab&P
('& M
W)y *ƒ ›QH A/P ({H'o];G '®)y N/A/P ˆ ,
{(¨ (f^Y )3)y )(); €=W ,
{(¨ (=K ‰²)y •v&
’A ,
{(¨ (!>
17J)y ³$=R ›Q9/ ,
{(¨ (‰=*
0^'o;G) E
= 5
A1R%d ,
(²YZ* AS¡)
{(¨ 7+G 7r *
7
&ER1
&ER1 )%= ! i®µ )(H !Y/!Y/- N>(H Ab&P ('&
('& M
W)
M
W)iy *ƒ ›QH A/P
ii
iii
({H'o];G '®)
'®) y N/
N/A/P ˆ ,
{(¨ (f^Y
(f^Y )3)
)3) y )(); €=W ,
{(¨ (=K
(!> 17J)
17J)vy ³$=R ›Q9/ ,
{(¨
(=K ‰²)
‰²)ivy •v& ’A ,
{(¨ (!>
(‰=* 0^'o;G)
0^'o;G)vi
7O¨¯R
ANi&
OHrG
An
'&
i3
¹+Y
AoU]
7P An AOH º"» 7 ,> *&+ ;(Z* &4= AJ 3&
E0N7i
*œ
7 !"/I A$%
A1‹`
*&+
&R~
'H&f(
AS~Z* ^4d/y !HG A1‹— EA;Z* A3| S=Z* ¤¼
AOd/
()(H
7n*
0Ni
FH)
!HG
A= /
7©
,> *&+ 5 '> )o&) @'' A
(Z*Gœ An AOH
!"
'J' 70SNi
A< *&+ 71O7 !> O)
!s “&RYW” 0RE’
“74ŸG Yo®” )A'* o *&+ 0@1† 7r
Z* GG EX
AJ 7Ab& oE% &X ›Q9/ QH–^0 ˆrsG E&UJ ,>P ¨Y*=] &'r
Z* AS=P A;*Š H
1=mœ
70H An '& ½ ‰ l {(¨ 7P
‹– 7I A$% ˆ *&+ 037* ESP ;m An "s A$dG 7 ,>P †
^RR A5
A!ji *&+ )40p {(¨ A(Z*œ 7%G1o “&X”
›QH 0&nOZ* 'LM* I A$% ˆ E;T ˆ%G ,>P AR0'uGœ &' An "s 3KYW 3y ),
O'"n/
8
)An '& O'l < ;(Z* %z A;*Š E1'¾ EZ*G
“Yo®” 0'* 0;— Z*œ )B
70­o] !¨ G
==* 7f&
7) A1‹— i7 |Y¿/ )rs U)RG Z*œ )JmG 7(H %
S
H
3Kn/
7S'm
Œ=y
%S
H
;1* ;g/ _%
¹ 0p
3Kn/
)Œ=
*À
% 7o*~ 0„!© A
“Y(>” 0d AN= 7rs 011f7 ›QH 0Q4a(Z* A‰
,>P 71 AJ 3& Am7œ
E2.
E2. a XLb "TcB E dB efg6 / f>hi
f>hi B A9> j0kvii E
viii
B0n Ao
)1989 FG G &'(
/l© (NISS) )40p ,E'
,H ‰SS7 ,>
A€= '*+ E;U‚ A1® r 70'HG
7ŒP
A1z
JmG
G];./
7’GÃ*0
7Y1@
^ade
A,>ÄR 7rsG U'‰* ’/R %Œ© A1‹` 0)OZ* ¡Hd/
(5./)
A)o/8R H
7A&
5

(QY
l`)
*&+
5  ,
* F(o E;Qc I9:;W %R
o SS r 70'HG 7A3G HJ 7( 13 A1‹—
Hj!om 0'* ANNP %'S[/ 5 SS† ™ ,p
 0SN* *
7A!ji 5 H
&'( /l 7Å& G];./ 0)¡‰' *
EG ];* 5 (&'() G];y
J'0p* 37 Š++ G];
9
Å&0p* ¹AO] G]; Z* 7B
G]; *&+ E&(oW
A^=] A)Y0R G&V G]; A1® r G];*
7³$=R •v&
7^RR •v& A= /
A&0Q / 0,> 7An
"S Æ¡ ,
{(¨ A= *œ
ix
E3
V
E3. "3% "&&q aS \ T aTrX( A1 so ?Z / /V
A=0p 5 OHORG 7is A0‰
A& AOm 5./
)Y/ 7SS ]• A;i† 7Y/ 0@,,]y 2400 AN› E%p
10
j¨ /
Amœ
O'&R~
<$./
%3
A<
+>G
]^
7o3% AÇ ­G 7,
AP
5 3 / 7fm
A)Y0'* 0G !"/I A$% &'(
A‰
A1‹` O A+
Z*œ
)(H
0Ni
Å&
G];./
7Œ=Z*
0';u
U
G];./
^4d/ ;ÉZ* r )EB G +-n\ A)0m Z*
A1 *&+ ,
G];y
*ƒ ,
G];y
^b^ A1R%d ,
G]; (H
G]; )I <
%z ;'* r ,
0%OPG 5 ~N
)Y0R *)y
GR(
ŒRN
G];y
^b^ 5 ,
G]; (H
[Y./
S./
G]; 7*ƒ A1 70';u
;m
r
,
0%O=Z*G
'
'&'( 0%O A*m ^ b^ }];./
o‰('%
%‹ *)y
,
G];y
IA%–
M% ,
G];y
&0š/
)& 0(˜/ ›QH O'&R~y
I (I - H
/l
7Ž=W 5
A1R%d Š++ Œ A1®
r ’fb” ­G )d/ 5 0o <
70O7 7I ^ade &^ &'( A;% ,p
0G *)
)B
7(H 0Ni B
&'( /l ,p G];./ rs
70'HG I - I - 5
5
70')0 j ;'*
+=© N7i /l r A1]©
Ro A*Y / N7>
)›Q )()R ,p A1R%d© * H
)*À ANi&' 0%O r (p* I 0%O 5 11
70')0 +
oE)R ra o1R1Rµ 70'HG )
)d/
/ln/
7A;12*
5
&'(
/l©
(NISS)
E&Ê7j*
75
7o+1 !"/I A$% +>G 7o&N7> A1‹— E3 )A< Y%
* &'( /l© )I )A;12* 5 70­o] 7A& A7O ,
,
1g/y 7%R
7 `
t./y 7=¨^ =n/ !@0 (H U=./ 7)R _`† E>&j¯ )Y0R (p* 0%OP *
)B
7(H )0Ni U G];./
^4d/ U)R ];.\
J' ^4d/ A1‹— 7A;&iGN* >G 0)0R @` € 5
AS7&
A0 &< 0
(threat analysis) ^4R ;(Z* r
EB
^4d/ 7f;* 70Us €=0š/ 0m Z*
E4
V
E4. 3ui "T vw "A# A"9 " 3x y<;6 a KM 3% /V
"L&< aTz{K*% '|;6 A1x
>Q 3 /V E~ S "B'< U;67 U-
iS6 XH
'
QX0/IQAo
"Y " 3x A]{r;6 3
"D{
Tz>"
E|
9q "aX
HT
<b
"Yn
‚ ƒ6 „u;6 a%.. "“… A%†” E'G Ig‡
Eˆ T‰% QX0 PQ /V AB ŠU > 3A‹ 3
"{ ]B 3"q A‹ i2 / "B CK%.. "AGn Œ >Q
12
3 U V T% "TcB E :Y / „u%
v 8B Yn A‹ IŽ XŒgBŒ E AB T%O*%
A‹ i2 /Q  A‹ ‘<*% ACw A>’“
&ER5
&ER5. ’/d 0&¡» !RŒ(¯ 0 i3* {(¨ An ^‰ 13xi
4. !
I9:; ’fb” ’•– A1R%d AS~¦ 'o&¡
@
W ^ade 'NiG 7]; ¨© SN* 'GE= A1
’G O;./ 7œ OHRy 7p &R^ (cordless home phone)y
3O3
13 ARO (wireless) &R^ & / '@< 70,3
'0;@* E>3 E >G 0)0(Z* ­Y !~ A
¨./ 7P
]^Sy aÊ;y &y ARUR… Sm A<¡ GE= A* ¤
’G 3Kn/ rs A3G H
’G O; AR7Gœ
H
Er ' An '& 731 '›® H
S* '
A& 1 0Soœ I9:; ’fb” ’•– @
W 'o3%
M3¼I2
(ZTE:
Zhongxing
Telecommunication
Equipment
2
@I "1978
A'9 !! "B'< ”> IMc D ! a”>% 8•–
TcCB /V B "Y Tz{Kq B~ %.. B~( /\ B —9> i :Y "PQ
B( a
3 4\ >˜.. aPQ " ™U O›@' Tv7 f< IMcœv ŒB7
IMcœv i (SžB)7 XH aTKL$ B‹Ÿ &=‹Ÿ *%..
13
Corporation) 0S2 H
’G O; 1.5 ˆv9 g( )H
%BG O^ (Exim Bank3: Export-Import Bank of China) Hª !
I9:; EA1O ‰& œ ›Qu ) < E€P ;m GE=
A1 O;./ A&1Nœ 7!>© '0‰N* &< 0SN* R& “F'G
’G ^ade Ac )(* < E%OO 0| A€= 0H
^ade 7rs &< v‰+ AH1OG” AR 7œ 7( !1 % H
’G O;./ E1† 01* iG R SP 7P ’G
O;./ 7o%'R GE= A1 / &'( ,>  7 !"/I A$%
73K 5 &'Y7 rs 01RÏRœ
)J' A>~„ 5./ E0&0
1c 777 7B
!> &f
EG‹G oHY!i* I (I) E
{(¨* ! 3^ > Amœ —G HH “%& O1* &GG
S H
* ’G O; M3¼I 7« ¡H
%4 (7‡ƒ
A7Q]) 1.5 ˆv9 g( U1P Hª ~* ;1=/ Ð( i ’G
A1R%d iR~¡
@
W 'o3% Y&[ *” AR %'„ = =&•
1
p Ab&P 0
1Pœ
@
W 'o3% jR 7%O ¢ ^n\ N
iŠ !HG
¢ ^© )0 )&G F 7Ð( A)‰R 1.5 ˆv9 g( Hª
~*
M3¼I
];.\
f)=
A
./
E0)'
/%
H
*À %3 o&¡¡ iQA 0%OP 7o3% 71987FG 0* %BG O^ H
’fb& %Œ A)0'* *ƒ %3y ¢doy !@0 •v E;=Gc )0‰NP Å&
O’/ Ac * EK% )40p 1@ A>G EQ'* A1' H O^ F'GAi4 I’aA
Ro &GGn/ (OECD) 7A+& R A;1* &GGn/ (70'HG
)YQL A1= <) 7UY GE=O*; !i E;&)0'7 H1pR !"/I A$% A1‹`
7’fb” @4 )A4]U Zp r* %—4 IÒ& )H
’fb& %Œ <
o3› @T 'o%  EQRr A&0,R *
4
7E%v`p 'vendor financing' 0d AN=* A€= A7Q]* = ‡ƒ r7 %3
3 A1R%d * H G o' A3 3K AN* Ej '1Ó 7A;i7 LM 1Ô*
Ej* '%‹ 1@ j 7oHa* LM ‡Õ = 1@† '1Ó* ;73=R H r ‡Õ
Ej* 7+ 4 A;1®  Hr 1@ )o7G A12* !'3 HS7&OR 7(
A<1 ‡Õ = Ej R¬ 7%‹ = ;ƒ 1ˆ )4 ER ;<R o' * H
FH© %3 A€= = rs /% / !HG 7= 7‡Õ (H ›Q o&)0R O H ˆa*G
—* LM ‡Õ +>G 7o&N7> A)
! %3 &GG *
3
14
0‰Nœ
0';u
’G
O;./
0)ÉZ*
A
./
(Ön/)5
1~Nf !HG Ac )(* §!^ < E0 S= M3¼I
0)'* Ö d/ “A(*>G” A'œ !;*s “3KYW” *§ 0!Sœ
E aÊ;y ]^Sy ARURy & !@0 SP,Z* A
./ 0>'*
! %G5 l E!!P Y@@œ M3¼I E iH ’) @ )i
iR
= A
./ )R &= 0;;@œ
*§* A&<ƒ ˆrG 0%O=W % G O'f;./
0j!fœ
’G
URN7i
)JmG
^ade
’G
F'G
Fi¡W
O;./ <
&0<P
~~G
(§!^)
UR' '!¨©
A<* )¡ Er 0
1Pœ 7(G 7R 0!QQ] O;./ §!^
0)¡4'*
SP
0NjA
r
EAR
iG
R
00)m
&0/ !~OZ* 1@ EK% )40p *ƒ G‹] 7rs Ê=*
A1 Er A×` 0N>¬ 5* i7œ
E6
E6. "L— AKq Ig‡ IMcœv IB?hv >9 "%xii
Ö !HG 7E%v`p* very small aperture terminal (VSAT) 0(H 1
p 7NiG
)G3 < 7 )B;G !0NjA* }]; 7A
o&0('¨; @$ * 71990.\
]; E I9:; A 13 ;m 7)40p J§Y 5 0NjA rs 3Kn/
Ö 'o&1O 70<<A ˆ^PG !" “_% 'G” 7AR )'^(Z* H8R 7;`* F
+>G ! I ’fb” A/ E A 13y %3 ) Sm /ln/
Ö NiG A/m7 ]; )FY *!Y
!i 7Ð( ˆ;!~G /ln\ '0­o]
!À EQ<Z* ;'* H AU‚3 ,š\ /ln/ iR EQR7 H1=R
5
15
7 <@a/ *&+ ;m ',!„./ 'i3* &U (system)
0'* 01— 7r
Z* GE=† A1= ’G O;./ @ØZ*
&0< &Un/ (network systems) j>d ~R A;&)'*
Ê=  Hr H
* O; ANiG7 ]; += '*
7rs A1]© !¨ 7',!„ )40p !À EA;&!~ +
i7œ 7‡ƒ A7Q] &GG 1.5 ˆv9 g( Hª ~* M3¼I
¢ ^© U&)7 7Ð( EQ ^‰R )AS7&7* 1ˆ 60%
Ar*
'',!„
%Ó
A*R
7rs
0f
I9:;
vOR
EoH/R
€=* 'H
E17 EAa “YZ* E©”
0
1P ‹– 0S
0* 7Û 0RU/ 'r
'S3 01,Rœ
iG
}];./
R
00)m
70')0
GE=
!"/I A$%
A1=
’G
^ade
G&V
'7>
o;&/my
HRŠsG GE= A1 / A1‹— A‰IoZ* 0%O= 7i(m 'o%2
7o&R 0NjA ;<Z,R AR Y§ ) !" 7R 0S+n7
7 GE= A1=© ’G 0o 1† ^ade 0>d E~R
01* “GG FH 5 EQH!~ 'o3%” 7AR 7¤¼ 5
&'Y7 7
GE= A1 / ’G O;./ A@› ^ade )&'(
< 0=®0* &'oH@› 5./ EQ;‰0R7
S<* !"/I A$% A1‹`
01Gg
;12*
A,i*
5
H
;'^YRœ
) 5 < 0=®n
’G
A;HªG
^ade
A1‹—
Um
'NiG
A‰
E!S
,> /
)S© )7* %= •'¼U A&0S 7 A;<Z* G&V
%zn/ )GE= A1 / 0S! Er 7Av9a/ 7AN g(
!À
0|
01O*
i3
’G
^ade./
fm
7fm
'o&!13 !Ss ;12* 5 ;==Rœ €© ) %= •'¼U
r*
'H&f(
'R
% GE=O*; !QK &d AY*
!"
v@< '‰'1* &'(
A‰
GE=† F'G ’G O;./
A(
Z*Gµ &'rG jim
o‰= *§ 0('‰OZ*
16
o% Hr NU= A‰
ŒF @< AQ ;@*
!" AS@P A&0;n/ 7fm 7N( E‰ “)GE=OW;
0'Hy H
0)0R” A'* 0^ i3 &U
(system) oS
)R
i3 €=0š/ o‰=& 0%OP 7@ 1¡7œ
E0‰=*
7¬&
F
0N

7&G0p
F©
EQ*
^‰R
HG=R 0O'* M3¼I ¢ ^ HN
i> &G F A'‰*œ
I9:; ’G A>G EX v;3% %& )'O ¬ov; EX
7oH‡R 5 A1® rœ )JmG 7(H A;`* A& 0†
ÜoGn/ ¢ ^n/ HN
iŠ ^^ E‰¹f ^4; E)
!
!S
Z* *œ 7BJ 7f&
A‰¹G ^4; H
.\ H@* 1†
g( RS* E!&c E01 ~œ
B
Ix4 ‡
,p F(o H
&GG
¢ ^
0)4n(Z*
H‰¹G
7f&
7A%
A­o'Š
O'rs Ee &'¢ ^n/
^^
^4d/
H
@@
™
AU*
70'
7œ
!"/I A$% F(o
 A‰
oN
)
A‰
* &0<
(§!^) 7=Z* Yo® {HR o= 7rs 7O'f;./ i†
7P
/n/
G^ /
!
|
7!!
,
*
AQZ*
'o&‰¹G H££© 1†œ
“U‰ AHRS®” A'* An '& A1‹` “A ” 7AR
A& A&0Q
A& €=0š/ ;i‰ ˆ o= œ 7Q%oW AÝ
Gv^ 0*
)100 F 7(H ;&N* UR‰Sy Fo*
UR0i
€=0š\ 7AQ& !" S./ UR00 A %†
vY
&'oH/R
“A ²*
”
o4&
0RE’
;'*
A
7GR(y 7&RN
y 7A>G %OY
A ²* *&+ ;m ŠR4
S=0š/ 7S'R Œ= 0Nœ
17
&ER7
&ER7. A
xiii A ²*xiv '; GR^n/
“E
A1”
E;m
M3¼I
¢ %=G
'oU
A)(!
A ²* €=0š/ ›Qu
3=o* 1OZ* A4g 7œ )I
< &0<P )0!Q 7Ð(y A A& A=
0]./ A>G
)0&0U)'
A A ²* ,+ EA/R )0<1N 7Ð(
“E (G GY'” OR 7* A&0QP '*ƒ O;
&N 3=o H¡ rœ 'o&0Q A‰ 0O'* ‰H
O; (4=& ’G) 'Œ=* AÞ Er' E!S 7o&SR
)A1 !Qg/ oIQ© &= 0)
!œ 7Æ
ANP S=0š/
0S
7©œ !¨G HS
7Ymœ 4=& ’G o§K 0^[
'J'
F
ES=
*R
70‰¹
o%&
&G
Æ
AN›
O'f;./
S=0š/ AS
70œ
4=&
)7
’G
LM
A&n
|
o§K
'|
)0)7
^Sy
o§K© A>G o& 70ØQ® HS7^ 1Oœ H
)A1
!Qg/
)I9:;W;
O'f;./
o&0Q
1ˆ
i&y
Jm A1* o(i>
0%O
7&R
7+3¨; 7o)
! i3* *+ 0%O=W 'o3% 7œ
)B
7Y/ 7AY* 4=& ’G
I9 ~G= 3KYW
,> (H 7{(¨ 0i¦ %'S[/ Ž ŽS 0,IO*
A!^m Z* vOR ˆ/RG ( !" )0= ^& 'oG'+ ANiG7 @$
*) ,
* Œ= )O r* A;)
*s !" ŠR4 S./
7 !"
A&0G 0NŠ +>š/ Er H&0,(R
18
E8
E8. 3S I A fq CK% B~< /]Bxv
“ E
N='” 7AR A&H F(o )€=0p o7 A= /
< %O ‰+ €= 7* !" 5 †3 F(o* UR1OZ*
o7P AO( A&‰(L* o
O Y]^ G=* A)
!œ
“' Y/J” 7AR %R Ê
]; 03[(Z* 7v Hi
&SO E0i¦ €P 7P “ A1 !Qg/” 7 0S=¡*
f&
>+ ;~ %Ó ;<'¦ &ÉZ* 'Y@— Jm +=` E;@<ß R&
S¦ u
­‡ (H 0~mµ 0!!Pœ A G i=Z*
19
A¡N(Z*œ E A0 Yoš/ @<YZ* )Y!i 7Ð( A1
!Qg\ “i” 7A&ZXH 0N
> ;7j “A ” GŒY Y!µ
7B
R ! &'( 0G 0i
5. "A#$ %& ' (
E *%?
M3¼I ) ,
* F(o &'( ,>P )A1]©
’G A1R%d < o,"3
A‰
* &F ,&
Ea*
o3% 7rs S* {Hm 7 !" Yo® A1R<9/
AOd/ o=©
A&‰(L 7œ 7BJ S 2000 (J' Æ ) Ars ))40p J'0p 5
G 7Ru E^Ul
0)O)OZ*
0'mœ
!"/I A$% EK% )40p 1@ ;‰SSOZ*
YQL./
)A&
A7O
0';u
ubÒ¼./
)i
ubÒ¼y
10*
E0Š
))();
Ie]%
)0';u ’±/y 7G YZ* )40p *à A(Z* 0Om %=H
!~n/
'o‹-; % 7An '&
7 !" &G AGm r
Z*
0<1N(Z* ( ŽS AO( 0QP7 “A ” 1O©
Œ= 0œ
A¬\
GRGd/
;S'+s
7P
7SF
7UY
g(
A)‰(Z* A]U ’G O'f;./ )F 7(H &RN
)S¦ 7Ð(
E&UJ G^;© %RI ORr J§Y A E* o3% EoHR
]•
Ai†œ
—G
Hu
A&
A7O
'iŠœ
J§Y*G
!"/I A$% S./ A&1Nœ ›Qu M
EQHr d/
A')YZ* ^4d/ 7EKG 7{HRG ‚c7
A‰sœ
)F 7Ð( ‰H O; o§K EH` 01œ
EBJ
!" 7AGm €=Z*
)RKYZ* G !" &=e
7Ru R E0<© E;3› 0›
A GRGd/ A&
’= )1O* ‰H 3K < “'oK” 0'+OZ* A=P
20
0)†œ 7B
R A ² 0O'* S 0O'œ Š+=Z*
EK% 7UY r !" S./
AO( 0S1S›7 “A ” HO(R
0d ˆN7>G &RYW o‡‡; 0|7 “I9 ’G” AR &;
0SN*œ I9 ’G ;=1‰* A=% A& {HR Hª 'Œ=
0‰'17 ,
G&V 0f fm 7fm ! &'(
0G
7i !" AO(
7 !" &* AQ 0NŠ URrs 7&0i
d/ vYs &'oH/m *œ
E9
E9. "]B£ *% AKL% TC"( "Ig S
I ,
&= A&‰áA A/
â AãR (uxvi
7A3 "1 *&+ AYsy oHYsy ˆYsG ŠR4 {(¨
7t oHS~Z*µ 4ŸG OH0, rs
7N( 0‰* Ao>Š
M|/ Ha=mœ H
Jm 1~
%4 EJG 7@ (H 0€0
%RI 3RO E0U‚ “A1]© 'JmG ER /µ Ž ŽS[/
ER 7‰ji3 (H HSYR” HO(Rœ
21
6. A#$ I-. /01 A2
!
“7GG E
&º 01‰ I ¯u]¼ A>G 74N
7%& E
A/R
` ŠR4 I E
I v‰N
)()R”6
0<(ƒ
I
Security
Agency
(INSA)
7AR
0RE’
(I)
,p
F(o*
E0
A1'
(Information Network
“A1]©
7Iy
7I ’fb” A1R%dn/ 7j E3NiG
7o3% S(G
$^= EJG Ro &=e./ Ž=W
A< (H 7oH+m7 R 0%O=W Er o&R”7 AR
* )B
At H
0<(ƒ
)*À* 5 R**+ U‚3 v)S A/R
H7
0p
')()R
E‰N
ANi&'
3K &0<P (§!) )•v&y ))();y )y )1
p
Sm
/ln/
<
o=2
];
0%OP
*
H G
7NiG ! A1 *&+ A1O*G r )A1 A!~* 5 4S
~N
o‰y
7A1
*&+
AU‚*
op*G
E>&j¯
7)Y0R
700 >3A; +j EU‚3 '*§ o> 7+-©
ANi&'
7A,K ;R011' “ŒR~
0%O=©” Z* 70'H
% &'( † )A < 7o=2 A;)
*
Z* 0%O=
o<'+ !>© AQ Er 'A8 I9:; <= >
? A;G
7rs !¨ 7&¡
7+Ri vN
A;‡* H ›QH 7B
Aƒ
@1O 7o> _` >3 +j? E;% oS A&‰(L rs
;G
Rœ
7<$
ä§=R
0^'"
!RA<H
A=*y
7i+Y
0N]© 'An '& r*
“‰&” ; R A‰=* Iµ M3¼I
6
7
http://www.insa.gov.et/INSA/faces/aboutinsa/aboutinsa.jsp?about=mission
http://www.insa.gov.et/INSA/faces/aboutinsa/aboutinsa.jsp?about=objective
22
)@<* ’G A1R%dn/ < 7i+Y 0‹ ^ade 7H
’fb& %& AoUH 7YNŠy 7BJ ^ade AoUH A1]©
5 4S ~N E/R 0^ÄRœ 7( A<1 t OHRy t
7p &R^y t IR (kQl)y t ³& †^
0H A1R%dn/
7 !" &'( ,> *&+ E!3Š 0'48Rµ E0'¡G *œ GG
EX fm 7fm Š++ 'oU‚3 A;&Z% ˆrG 7t A0('T
RE^n/ Jm !" 5 U`
*&+ E@RŠ A1 A¦= {
0)&^üRµ ;'o+ E0)S)SG *œ I G ; R E0U'
!¨ `` 5 'o> jR 1† !1a/
O'f;./ EAm
)r ) A1R%d 0NjA Ars !1a/ )+j? ›3'G HJ
O'o!>
!"/I A$%
&'(
’ ±
7, Em
Er
AH›Gœ8
&ER10
&ER10xvii. 7] 3 0S'* A I- Aoµ
Aoµ
!B
i3 Ao
&'( ’ ± *&+ A1† 5./ E A&‰(LYZ*
H00
mœ AQg\G E J§Y* E0iNm
E07N '43 l
‰N=
!R
o&1¨;
o&5
H*(mœ
7I
)A1z
G];./ U)R “&< 0
(Threat Analysis)” AO'* 7BJ
7iNR
77N& Œ= 0U &'r )l0Sy )Øpy )Q A<y
Ig‡ ›h B~ EH"%
(http://www.ethpress.gov.et/ethpress/main/news.php?newsLocation=home&newsInstruction=headline&newsId=7249)
a 27 L 2004
Š• "I- B IQAo SC( X A ! 39
(www.eprdf.org.et) C‰ A# R "1TZg B X† AH~‹ >w AB¤.. >Q "R T-%
I- E so /V( 3A AB@ &] ->Y 3¥[ z T9% Y¦ -3 "A…q QX0/IQAo Aˆ[ 3$ D{ HT 3Af6 LOb Ig‡ „ EH"
Yn %.. A s /V " % 3A AB@ % D{ > 3 LK E#Q
> A TCK%?
8
23
))‰ !QKy )4>py )Œ= OROy !@0 70';u !>n/ 0›
GRR¬/ !Ð( 7'& ;1~+G
'H&f( '0f 43 ln/
7o&5 ;iORµ Ÿ"G H‰3OZ,Rœ 7>† “A”RQo” 7AR
0S=* “!R 3=o” BJ G]; “Œ= *à” * 7E ä§=R
AG* I² (HG 0‰¹* E
;'* ° i+R ^&
j'NH>
*œ
A I E0<1† ESP 0| 7A@<* *&+ 0NjA rs Jm Ai;ÄZ* 5./ G&VYZ* EN7>
I *&+ 7A= (H ;m S./ %=H 0!(±/ Ers ›
G Œ= RG3 j !HG ] *à !HG HYS
0‰¹ 3L * 'o' A;&4G *&+G 70H )&'(*
A5
<
70;;—
ŠR4
&0< /
*&+
%=H
!~n/
E† 01 r i3 {(¨./ A1 'i* ! † Q
d/ A1= 'S3 013,Rœ
E11
E11.
11. 1
p
IA ’fub” ^ade Ab&y aI- a3% /V
B "/Lq ¨ / A 99U
99U Ig I yB C- 5/B
B ©g T'8xviii
OHR &R^ A&R^n A<17* I 5
A'i* 7¬& 1g/ *œ
24
Ap* O'OHm +]* R& !HG +] R’ '&'
;<%µ
J'0p* 7i+Y 7= Š+ 0NR ^R A%7 r
¬&0p*
A&1=A* O'OHR &R 0@%n A› o
Z*G
*HHn/y !|/y l0S ­,Y./y %R G&V /y !@0 I
± E1† › *œ
7(
A<1
A3
0N'‰
S*
OHR
&R
0@%n
&'0iN
(7OHR &R^ &'o;!=) 5 o&0('4 A;GG o' *œ (70'H
A ('T FY A1R%d© ;‡(R 0d N7> OHR &R^
+ ^f ;' G^; EQRr EB
(H R HÉR) 5*
'<= >
?;/ ;&0('T ^4d/ “oG S* &R ;N¡ O]*
)&R
H'*/Hi'*”
m
G^=Z*
!HG EAN'T A1G© S./ )B
'5
i;];
3L©G
'NiG
H'%mœ
A^'*G
0N'‰
RE^ 7Ð( OHR &RUZ*
)
, Er
H1Rtmœ
A¡] 7A3 1N® ;&Qmœ
A3 70j,A •'¼U E>&j¯ 0Y¨ 7P %'S &RUZ*
fm 7fm 75* *&+ E!3> % EZ* GG
A;*Š 1 AR7G Eý
&RUZ*
!c
RE^
%'S Eop*G SFW 4¦ 7%R
;&0(RT HiQmµ 'o&5
'&G
o+¡G H@1ORœ 4>
%R o7=W G&V=Z* Hi R>G
0| HiQRœ 7­‡ (H i7(Z* A3 +;? “A‰* Hi¦”
AR
7œ
70';u
!>n/
;ØZ*
jR
R**°/
E7N
7N1
'ooi-; 7NiG 0iO7* 3GtZ* 7AiþZ*
S./ AoUH ESf 01 7Ð(G 01=Z* RE^ “E&.
rs S./ 3GI. Eic '5 S./ HS~mµ o&5*G H* *
)E%
0j,A
•'¼U
E>&j¯.
o-;
ˆ;7ß'
H‡(Rµ
A'7'B;. . .” AR 7œ <= >
?;/ O12* 5 € E
;'* A&,] 0%O 7G&RG E0@< 0j,AG r op*G
25
E>&j¯ 'o1 +>G (H H*(R H
% = ' ƒ=/
3S *œ
70H 71997 >K A= / A;› &SO
›O
^^ / AQ$ 7A@› OHR &R’/y ( LM % E
SF
!HG !7 & 7A'NT 3GI >„./ 7;` 3GI 5
;im 7P 7)40p 5 Um O'&R~
)An '& <
%z ;(Z* ¤¼* A= / A‰If ^ E7 5
G/ 7`` A&30,Rœ
A3 O'&R~y A3 AO!=/Eo!=y 4>š/ !HG %3 S./
OHR &RUZ* A+40* A3 [Y r* %R ­,YZ* ˆ;P
S.\ 70N~] 7I `` *&+ GR^ 01OZ* )rsy &R
O] E&UR0i'
3& A;!P !– !HG ŠG1 I E 1
–39 vSo* H/(Rœ H
 AH'G A3=‡ iH* EX ˆi¦
EQm 7OH(Z* AoUH 7eÃ&9 HY!jRœ A‹p* LM
A‰RØZ* S./ cU A)Y0m 7BJ ^ade AoUH *œ H
I !HG &'( † +U– Hr OHR 0NjA./ , *
- 70'HG OH(Z* A< *&+ Er A;*Š!!
)JmG AH %z & / 7p 13 ARO &R^ (l
*&+ 13 ARO &R^ !HG cordless home phone) A&0oo® ra
"EZ[\% …¥ O J8 (GPS - Global Positioning System) E 93 TK% "/ Tª
- >‹6 "TC« y< E aŒ B  AB -C’ G¬<;6 "\%
B y< ETaC( 3Kz T3 B
%.. >Q J8 ›• "
3 > 3Tª
X<7 :­  KOT;6 A 2Œ A' Tb" ii3\ y< "Kz aS \
>C{.. " 3> H% AB ui A "PQ i¦ "<[ L{w
A b A ECK >\.. 3%Œ TCq ®B Š‹6 Yn BL '3% y< T I$
T-86 I*% T 'i’ "PG "KL %.. J8 A A|U' Cv :Y
q:¦6 -*% (GLONASS - GLObal NAvigation Satellite System) T9 Ea ]B Œ 
3X< A ” T% (aˆh A Š• 3¥[ … A K Š¯)
A*%.. ”>%n IA ­‘v (Compass navigation) E#G ¥56 (Indian Regional Navigational
Satellite System) "T9 "-*% - > A3‹6 >KL’.. aG’ "T"&  "20 Zg
I• E 9 3% A%•° "B TC% "{Z% 23i U C% ZZg
- > ­‘v A %.. "D > "T%" Œ G3 O±hv Ea67 A1 "Mci
ŠB \% — "²³¦ {Z7 :¦q 932% A%•°% ŠU;Ÿ G3 Ma
- >‹6 A&!.. L{gŸ G3 — "[% >&O’.. >Q Ma D " -' G¬<
E KLL ™U - >‹6 T :Y "2019 (EAA) - >‹Ÿ &B 30 ETB >K"O..
aPQ ZZg A … ETY J8 Ÿ aTC« A "&(
A b( "{ LL L EY 93M;6 >’..
9
26
H8R ,>P H s 03n 713 ARO &R^ I0§
NiG EQHR A3ØR G^;©G 13 ARO 7p &R^ 'LM*
) &0< (§!^) < O'1
2© * IR
³& †^
I S(9/ E‰'› A‰Õ7 r 7³& †^ 7R A0('T
RE^n/ A1 l EQH 7‰'› S* AU* *&+ 10*
;NTYRµ HS—YRœ
A]U
7G&=>
A4]j
AO]
'G
7AR
!"
;&YNi/* @
W &'( ]; Ÿ" EYs7 Er A1R¹*
5 j(n/y "|/
&/ ’3 01* 75*  (QY l`) *&+
HYS=mœ )YSP j(n/ *&+ A 731 )A3 S* A7
&!~ §! 7i+Y “’c 0N8R” 7o' ;jRœ 7B; 5
S ;Þ jRy "% !HG &G 0Nif S./ !;*s ^R
`` v& *&+ H1Omœ )B;G HS'(mµ H77=mœ 5* G/
•'¼)š/ 70H ’3
7AY!i* '; &oZ* E0N=P <1P
AQ$
€=0š\
=Z*
“S.\
G
UZ*?”
E&)o'
A1f7 !> E7 0
%,Rœ
7. 3.3.- "567 89:;6
</=
! >
&' I ) RE^n/ U)R 7;g/ (%ŒYW ;Rrs
3Kn/)y 7GO./y 7¢don/
Y,- 0o (H AU‚*
&'( ;UYRœ 5* 7&G N>¬ EQ==* ^&¼; EQY
Ro
o7 (A) - Christian Relief and Development Association
(CRDA)y A^ H3 7I9:; (ActionAid Ethiopia)y F'G Ai4 iH
&iRy m0= F'GAi4 ³$– (LWF)y SAW 0£</
3Kn/y 0';u QY SÀ 0o
"(¨.Z* EJG ¢don/
27
ANifOZ* 1
p @$./ )AN'T !HG 7&'( *&+
10* )AS'm U)R +-n\ Z*œ
E12. aTC3’ B~‹6 "&=(
1
p @$.Z* 7NiG )A;› &'( 0%O 70­o]
I ;S'N
Z* 0';u ^&n/
O'f;./ 7ANNP 3Kn/
*&+ 0i+* E€P A&‰(L* Jm H<Rœ ,>P
7A‰R1* 3K *&+ S=0p 7o&SR S(H A&| o&1O UR'
A&1QK >3 J§Y./ 7o&i+ )3K© < 33 EU‚3
;<Rœ
7G
A
)0Ni
+
AX
0G
3Kn/
(AH&&)
U)R
'G
; R
Institute for Security
Studies (ISS) 7OR AY!> † A4]j 0G 0Nj Hr
mœ
70'Gg ;g/
% AO'* A,K (7| A3=| 3Kn/
o7= A,K) Š+ 621/2001FG )*~© 7¨ A 75 S./
Š++ Œ 7 ˆrG {(¨./ A *&+ =Z*
28
S(9/ 3K© 0i~] €=0p 7o&SR A&1* A&10* 7œ
'0iNP S./ 0SN* ]; G Œ= RG3 o&5Z*
7Œ=
‰(L
S7
E;&1†µ )B;G
'Œ=
!;* EANP
Y@— E1P 7œ 7BJ S A 1@ ANjiGy
{(¨./ •'¼U A'U)y A%T !HG Aj!f •'¼U
& EJG 73K© *&+ SP 7P
7Œ= )0j,AG r
)0';u
¢don/
<
%z
;(Z*
*ƒ
A1
S./
Øp
7o3%
7&= S7 oYZ* S'R
]• o> 7œ A^
H3
F'G Ai4 iH &iR 7Sm 3Kn/ *&+G 0H
0%O 0)
! r 7† A4]U* 3K (H 01* % 0'
*œ
)(H &f 0NiS* † A4]U 0G (AH&&) (H 0U‚*
&'( — 5 o%2 O'o&m !"/I A$% A1‹` A&1QK J§Y
‰+ 7œ 5* EA;&Q* 7f&
y 7SFW y 7RUG
A&0Qy 7%ƒ 0
A!<13y 7S(G o&N7>y 71@ )A1 *À
o
7Sm ›Q9/ —]; 'A4]U
'0';u F'G Ai4
0o 7!P ]• A;i7*
+
A;@<* B
0G AU‚3
A&‰] rOZ* !" S./ 0f I9:; ¢ %=G QH–^0
7r
;1'%m
A3OZ*
S*
7P
0f
%'S
O'Y
Z*
(AH&&)
0id
!"/I A$%
URiN
I/lYZ*
)A& A7O E; ;&13Z,R
7BJ A&1QK *§ S A4]U
i„ )r/* A&
A7O ˆ AZ* Ri> /% rOZ* 0f {(¨./ E&) N>(H
Ab&P ˆG 0S~Z* R& 0Om o)
!  Er
01Rk(Z*
An
"]
Y'
oP10
0Om
!"
S*
¢ %=G
QH–^0 'o3% ‰>* A& A7O H'Š Œ=Z* Ei+m
0&ofœ
10
http://www.iss.co.za/show_personnel.php?office=4
29
&ER13
&ER13. "] Y' oPxix
An "]11 1
)KGP !" AOR 7P rs iG R 7A&
A7O ubÒ¼ 0"3¬ "% QH–^0y 7A4]U
’A
*&+G 7_% O'f;
7© &0š/ "% o&0O7]; {(¨
r*
A1R%',R
EJG
(AU.COMMIT Campaign to Combat
Trafficking in Human Beings) 7OR AY!i* S* R±/ 7_1!+
13 !0';u A1= o&0('4 A,<* A4]U "%
7>I
0%O=W 7o3% €0,R 7EB
FH J§Y )A&
A7O ubÒ¼ E&) A4]U 70';u 5./ !"/I A$%
F(o
;&‰If
u
%'S
7¢do
¡
“A
&=
G/R7 J§Y A\” 70O'* S AH&& An "] Y'
oP 70f *&+ %ƒ )(); ¢ %=G QH–^0 A3| 'i7R
013R H G 7rs 0f 7$^= ØRy 7SFW +S
7Sm
0%O=©
!"/I A$%
70')0
A;i7*
]•
+
'1 /ÉRµ YRœ
)&'(* 70­o] 7A&1QK J§Y A)
!s 7UY ›Q9/ Amœ
75* Y§ S 7SFW &= 0SoP 3Kn/y {(¨./y
EQY 3Kn/
Ö^ 0o )&'( t rs7 LM 'Gœ
­‡ (H 7 % &= EQH/m 7N>(H Ab&P % AoU]
11
http://www.arpdafrica.org/index.php?option=com_contact&view=contact&id=1&Itemid=19
30
0­o] % O'f;./ 0@<*
% E¹3> 01* I Oi7*
&'(
5*
]•
!"/I A$%
A;N
^P
S
A1‹`
0o
*œ
fm
7fm
7o=
;S7
A‰
(H
A‰I*
›QH
0’@
SFW
ˆa
A‰
*
1~y
`¨;y E&y %3;y %¨;
EQY '•'¼U 0%O o,m
0%O EQHY!>7 &'A‰= ;3
)BJ
<
70;;@
7)40p
% 'o@< 1c *œ
^ade
)A1T
EK%
+-
GO./ 7&0i A‹š\ GO./y Y,- 0o
7SFW &= (H
0SoP 3Kn/y Y,- ¢don/
Sm 7 &
0H@* S'm
77P A*m Z*œ Y((> rd/12 *&+ A)
!s
&SO./
7%R 5 AU‚c *HHn/ Jm 0'>* 5 †
*&+ EU0© EA% 'A1‹— >7 ;(Z* rd/ 7@@
5* H0
Rœ 70'H 7A3 R> rR *&+ %'S[/
Y,S./ 7)Y0R 5 SSy 7%R (7G&V) A› `
p./
HiP
E0iŸ
'•'¼U
&=
o&‰=];
EA*m
A;&Q*
5* 7J' rd/ *&+ 7&* 3GIy &ER
Ö9 5
AS7&† *À A1 M|/ oy ^4; A;)
*s(Z* ^4d/y
)a];Z* H¡ A3ØRœ S.\ >K •'¼U 70¡¡7 !>
)A A1= 0i+* E¦
AJ 3& 5 S=0pYZ*
E;)
!s
Er
;<R~Rœ
EB
^4d/
AY!Š
7*&
O'&R~
O'"n/ ErG 'o!> 0/ÉRœ
<= >
?;/ EG EB 7B
M|/
ƒG
t
A!¦7
E& 0%O (H 0SoP
Eop*G
M<
HS'm
;s7
"AGn Œ "A# A"9 "6 a —6 Tª <] Y6 !!M 3QX0/IQAo ]B"
9*% 3Cy6 X> QX0 "R "T1 C;6 EY ><XO.. YŸ E [\
y< 3 a2( Y a" ŠB9% T'¨1 aS \ Y 3 D Ef3 ;6
>K’.. "C3K% 3 EPQ >( A-wU 9B C% … iB Tw´ TX~
T2B Y E Ig‡ 9’ A•6 >Q 3 ><C Yn R %.. aAˆ B
> iµ "*% 3Cy6 a2( Y6 Yn Af KB{U C;6 THXq9*%
aYn >Q C’ 3 9B YŸ E#2RM "QX0 f*% >LB %.. % C;6
E~ E Yn efg6 " "[ a a?3@' ] "Yn E Ig‡
> "0 X&‹ “&w
&w CB”3G´ >Q az3 ZX{b A>9”
A>9 "3 ¥[
"R >]B< K] 9 3" C %& >Q >( QX0 E> "B'<;6 a
|f ¶{ XB%% E#X« X> aAB E#C1 AB¤*/´ E*% >\..
12
31
•'¼U
3K
0G
A%T7
&F
H‰N
@3
7rs
;12* 5* fm 7fm O
!~G O'&R~a/ E$ EAS'my
O'"
AOm
EA;%—y
7)();
!"/I A$%
G
; R
de&¼^
A1R<9/
&
G];
S(9/
AU‚*
E$
A&
f&
5
A7O
,>P
EASRmy
&'G=,
E&y
“|– ” &'Am S(9/y AO(
O'&R~
r 0d
f&
*&+ E@‰Š &'A%7 &R
Y((> rd/
&'( &&
0)YYH IJ4 E
&O'œ
8. ?3@' AB@;6 C9 DEB
%?
0j,A ¤¼./ A;U™c &SO GŒV &'rs o<1„
'Gœ A‹p* LM “GŒV=/ H¡ r” 7AR ¤¼./ E& 7&
US
!5m HSoRœ )B G 7(H A)¡‰m7
<¨.Z*
Hi
0&¡
+>p
A¦7
“G&'§”
J§Y
•'¼)š/
H&0,(Rœ
!
•'¼U
AQ3
3Kn/
F(o
'˜/
S1*
ˆ1†G
¤¼./ GŒV AO^7 (* 13 7&'( 7A1® 5 Er
)I !¦ 5./ ;'^Ymœ 1P E
*œ
7 1 %Œ© S ‰j3 NHi* 7&SO [Y !HG 7=Z*
ˆ 0j,A./y Ö^ 0oy ¢don/y SFW 0£<¿/y
l0^&¼; A= /
d/ 0‰(L./ &SO i¦ )i ()200
E&) 300 Ar) Ê
*&+ 7r &'( S./ HiŸYRœ
H s
'o)
!
)i
A;QG+
}];
(]
v&b%)y
)i
AiI }]; (] ]’3 H&)y )i &A;
o&0<ˆ;
}]; (] &Ã)) !@0 HNiomœ
7B
FH
R
&'(
7oU‚3
0iŸ
3Gk/
E0¦
)0iNm 7Ð( 'o&‰=];y '^& o&1¨;y '0­o]
' <W 5
32
i7;y
A¡®
%
i3
'o*~y
7E5Z*
7;—
1
p./
EJG 70i(ˆ <M°/
74G –9a/ '>&i HNif7YRœ
5* AU( H s E* ;N
^P 7>† An '& “'oH
1*
%(Z* 'r*” G^ l “AO]” '* !ÉZ* I9:;W;
70')0 “o&5 A'” E;m &F 'i* 0
1P o; ;<mœ
!Ð(
'&
'
0)S0*
')-
7
A
oE7R
0S* >K %
7 ` @3 0iOH o%2 ;S7*
!"/I A$% A1‹` &'( 7!>© )40p 5 AS7&7* )
7œ >K A= /y 0OO]./
,
<¨./ &R^ 7+'4
3GáZ*
Ei½
H<Rœ
7!>©
OHR
BÔ
*&+
O'*
G]; © {Hd/ ^Tp E5Z* )0* 00‰S* '>f
3L© ;&~Z* O'f;./ 7Pœ 70'HG Œ=* ESP Y@—
!1a/ >K A= / OHR &RUZ* Nif 4¾G +j?
A'o3<Z* 7EK› ;`
Z* 7œ 7A3 A4]U A1 ’G
O; *&+ 7)40p {(¨ A;1'%m
y 7i3 7 3 O3 ÖÔ
*&+ SP H0* 0Sc O'f; EAS^P !>© “A&Z<]”
7œ
>K S./ A',!¦ 5 ' !"/I A$% A;i'*
A&)–
Y|7
l
H&(Z*
E7
A1R¾
O'f;./ 70@,,] EB;* *&+ ( ÖÔ 7ASP OR[Z*
AoUH 5* '>K S./ o3Z* Y!> )&= Y%,Ry
Y&,Ry … 5* )S¦ 7Ð(G =Z* O1z A<~A Jm ;Ü
+- AHmGœ = A1‹—G “FH
/J (‰” 7o' )Œ= ;&!1QZ*
7UY./ Z*œ H
RG3 )0!S 7Ð( * E%
fm 7fm
! A‰
0G E<1 0i €= 0*œ 7Yo®
{Hd/ E=K 0| I9:;W EG
4> ;(Z* E=1T
0!S*œ )B
7Ð( * GE= ’G O;./ “7j/J” 0Omœ
7A1‹— 7R E
¤¼./
77(Z*
;'* & 'ii 0%O )
! •'¼U
%
E
;'*
1!+
0%O
70<<A
33
o*1`
j!G 1OZ* `G o'YZ* '&'(* S./ 34 &N©
5* G/ H
1=mœ I S./ EAm 0j,A ¤¼
AO( )0j* O'‰ RG ' © 00 5 E& 7o3%
&'(* %= o<O A'OZ*œ AQ$G r '* '© E&
A;› 5 'F'G Ai4 SAW 0oy '0';u A>G ;(Z*
%&Y
1
p./ A&i3* 7o3& !"/A A$% A1‹` A‰
,> 5* '*(
'^& NiG7 N 7A'G Ai4 3^
Ejs o&i A;&/R &= &= H(Rœ 7LM* AQ& ’g/
' © E& 7o3% 5* ’ ±* o!‹1
o)G i(R
Œ=
Er
H
1=mœ
E
FH
EB
7``
RN>Z*
o/(Z* 7UY 0%O= 7‰¹G &'(* R¬ o!
73
R¬
S'R R 7LM* 7A› +j? ARO 3Ln/ &'(* ->
v&7
oHR
A3|
oS
J§Y
70SO/
@3
H&0,(R
O'f;.\G A7^* 0
1P ŠG 1
)I !~* 5
0~~f7 ›QH ˆa •'¼U ¤¼./ &SOZ* A*(( Q (H
7o)
! H ;›7 G^; 'F'G Ai4 A; 0oy 0IEa
‰~] 'rs 3Kn/
A1= 7G&R 7o&14 o!> *œ E
&'(*
A;<R¦
3Ln/
<1f
7A&
A7O
;'*
Ai¦
¢don/
F'G Ai4 0o ›Qu '=Z* m AQ ;›YRœ
7=Z* (H AU‚* '& '* EjzG HNŠoZ,R )B G
70­o]
`† &F© 7A%O† 03n U‰
'1(1R A;1*
%R ;jj,Rœ
7@T
0';Hn
i7*
70H J§Y S7S7*
I
S./
o&5
!"/I A$%
1!+ o&5./ 7O'ŒR~
y 7O'ŒR~
A&n/y 7NO- A<¿/y 7ˆ ¹"¨./y 7O'"n/
7> S./y
AQ$G >G+ 7(^ A‹®
A¹;¨ 0O'* &'( ,>
AS=
H@`=Rœ B
IJ4 ,
E& )’G < 70;;@ A1‹— %'S[/
34
7A+& R E;U‚ ;'* A‰
&'( o<'+ 7rs ``P
7( LM E'&7Y'œ
9. 5 „U *&+ %†!!
!"/I A$%
A1‹`
I9:;
’G
A1R%d
7A3
0G & 7o3% GE=† A1= ’G O;./ ;O *+s
A3  7œ AJ 7H
* ’G O; 01n 'A‰
,'*
fm 7fm ~Nœ 0';u A1R%d A>=ˆ./ ’G
O;./ Um
0';u RE^ o&1ˆ; 7 / (gateway) &= (H ),m
&'(* 0G 7M|/ %R ›QH *&+ Hi E‰'1 ‰­ A>G
;~Rœ E‰'› IR (kQl) E
&R’/ +'4 A&Z<] Hr
Rœ
O;.\
'E
AH©
A‰
0%O
&'oH&of
F'G
Ai4
&‰ ;(Z* NH/ &'A;i† &'(* f ;1,Rœ
“E A3 ’G O'f; !"/I A$% A1‹` H
*
’G O; O&1O +- LM GE=† F'G ’G O;./
0)ÉZ*
A
./
jid
~R
E
; R
HrpRœ
!* A1 " &7* A1]© !$ E;=/ Er ;pR”
m "@ 0i(i'7 A&0; S¦ O'f; “"; F A1 "
‰SS7
^ade
"YG
A1 /
EX
A;!3fGœ
A ²*
A Ai(>'* HNif7YR” 7o' 1R¹,R 7A3 !> A1
*&+
;m
O'f;
3L©
“^ ”
Um
7Ð(
GE=
A1 /
ZR0p !>S* 7œ 'B G * GE=OW;s A‰
&F )14
HR> I9:; (H ;(Z* AG EGP A!0!©œ
AJ O'* ^ade !¨ A1
` EQ (H )*> *À (
Ao=ƒ E' O'f;* NŠ,Rœ H
Jm AR7j d “A1]©
)@</* ^ade < A&oo OHR i 7AR M|/ E0Y'm
35
S(H lYZ* H@* E1† H<R”13 7o' o&Ni-; RE^
;&0(R¡mœ ›Qu A1=W AQ vr EA1O*G ;&Omœ
A~N*
!"/I A$% Zp A1]© 5 A1R%d
A>=ˆ rs  Hr ! A1 l A1† 5./ 7 %ˆ;
7 (gateway) AoUH A;&0
13 &'r )H
7YNi* ^ade
AoUH %ˆ; 7P (H ANNP ’GÃ*0y S* &/y AQ3
ŠR4 j(n/ =*0P (router) (H EYS 7i+Y I 'A%7*
&'( &0< (§ !^) ;‡%=Rœ E%
!"/
!"/I A$%
)GE=O*; ’G O;./ + 7A& R^ ;=7 ,
‡ H H
 *œ &'(!!
&'(!! Er ;'*G H* *!!
*!! H G ˆr %
fm 7fm vOR A/R in AG& 7n Ar &'( ,> EX
@< EQR' O'f;* ;==mœ
7i *&+ ! A1 l A1†
A1†
)A1 l A!¦ IR
(kQl)
kQl)y Aƒ RE^ (SM
(SMS) E
&R^ RE^n/ 7Av9 ANP
Z*œ
!"/
!"/I A$%
vG=Z*
EB v0
Z*
Jm
)n*G
RE^n/
AH/RGœ
vS7&OZ*y
A>fGµ
A>fGµ
j©G
'*Gœ ^ade* O'l r/* H
EX AY&7*Gœ
!" ,> Š++
Š++ &=* '&= 740
740
40
50 Æ ./
AN<
AN< S'N
S'N Ru 5 •v& {HR o= ;&‰R1,Rœ 7is !
A1 l A1O* 5 N '~N
'o1(7+ oHR7
(* FH ›QH 0NjA./ “5 „U” *&+ 7Š *œ !HG
)40p
=¨^
7Aa7
7Aa7
1R1R /m *œ H
AUOˆ
EHY
*&+
OR1†
’GÃ*0 /
,p 1 % Ü +j? AH *œ
(`` " 7Ai+'* ^4R 10 0N>üR)
)i(R +j? ›3' A A<./ )()R O'm
—* LM S./ =Z* G&V=Z* '&'( ,>P ;i(mœ 7&'(*
¬~( 32-x I 9 CK% Ig 93² G3 < A(
" LK2 " ··3  a% :K"] E aC 3% B ¦B "A ··3 EY E#% E9C"´ "A vw — T<> 3%&
a{ >] 3² G3 < —9> i L¶;6 E 6B”• o :¸& iM
;6 ef> Y 3 i ef> EfY > /..
13
36
3K
^¡
y
d/
'A<
70NjA./
A;<'¦
®
!1a/
&'(*
+-
A;im
=Z*
AHrsGœ
r
'*
A;!
c ­G µ 7ˆÄZ*
7ˆÄZ* ’GÃ*0 /y 7=Z* &R^ G
Ug/y 7%R (¢n•/y 7%R &G 70@1† A1R%dn/y !@0 NiG
70'H
) !"/I A$%
<
)A1*
%R
AX;
‰I
vYS
oH1O* & 0 Er O'f;* H^=mœ 7%'S[/ & 0 &'(*
3K
o%@4
)+j?
HR>
!
4"
o@7R
J§Y
A&0,'*G
A&0,'*G 'BJ *œ )O'f;* ;12* SYW +j? G^
EA)0'* A>7,Rœ
10. “"6G " H" IJ% B
AKLM”
—*
LM
7oHY!Š
IR
(kQl)
A3=‡./
o&Y!-;
!HG % SR RE^n/ 7(^ 0iOu S* 0()' RE^
'o7 RE^© )40* ’GÃ*0P A3=‡ Š+ (IP address)
7i(m ;` H/(Rœ H ' E
FH RE^n/ 70'HG
)oHY!>
fm
%'S
!HG
3K
¦
7fm
A'i7R
RE^© AO] (attached) ra )~G 74ŸG A'^‰ E;*G
!;*s )RE^ }+ *&+ S` 7&o/ 70@1†
7i(m
&o/ )(IP) A3=‡ < 'o‹3 7AiR ’GÃ*0 / (H G&V
((^ , *œ 70'HG 7•'¼U ANNP S./ 74ŸG )E
;'*
, ANjiG
vYi†
H1ORœ
70'HG
7@gZ*
7AiþZ* S./ ’GÃ*0 / A'1R1R 7,p v;&†7 A1O
0%O Er H1ORœ )B
7*R
7oH'u
ˆ'uG
HR> 7d/
0NjA*
Š+
`OW 7rs
o Ers
EK%
)40p
7rOZ*
’GÃ*0 / NiG E Ao=ƒ *S3 A'OZ*
7A1
*&+
ANNP
!HG
75
v&
*&+
A1†
’GÃ*0 / (H A1'1m Jm G&Vj( (password) 7AIT7 LM
37
E;Qc j( 3GI &'ASo ¨RSQZ* (keyboard) 7>
A'OZ*œ H
o' ¨RSQZ* A3 jR 70U Š+ 0U* ¨R
3GI 7>I G&Vj(Z* 7i(m 7S(9/ EK v!3> &'A/R
1;L;Z* Aio+ (’GÃ*0P settings) 7i ¨RSQ*
Y 3GI EQHa* o3% A&‰(L Hr
Rœ
Start Control Panel Sounds, speech and audio Sounds Tab select your settings.
)=& &G
Ru '; < %z (Z* IR (kQl) A3=‡
NiG 7i(m =& )(); 13 ry nd nd G&Vj(
(password) i; &'(* &= 7LM* A3UA ;1,Rœ 70H
G&V
jR
'ÔG
LM
NiG
)n*G
YS
'7G
-
0NjA./ 7¬& !HG 7&3& !P G&Vj(Z* (password)
i R3 A'OZ*
7A‹p* !HG 7‹ A1R%d (H ;m j(n/ aPy 7(
A<1 7RE^n/ *&+ A<1f ŠR4 j(n/ 7— “EB j(
U12
1”
7AR
=*0
(router)
E;j+
j(n\
HYSP'YRœ EB j(n/ 70NP Š+ }];* EN' E;!~
ES7S7 '&'(
'0
HRURœ I O(Z* <= 3 !HG
5 iO7; 0i'* H0sYRœ &'B
+~– *&+ A1†
j(n/ A`n A'NiG 0=ƒ Hr
Rœ )Y,- •'¼)š/ &G
¤¼ ';./ G œ EB j(n/ NiG A&‰(L
%3 )r
00Ê j(n/
&/ )RE^ AiOu !HG 0iOu < 7&oo
7’3 NiG ('G ­U®
4S1QH r* < RUfy An
݈ 7o'y 7f&
0­o'i* An %S* 7o'y !@0)
70H 1;L (’GÃ*0) A‹p* LM A)‰© 31k/
¤Rn’/ (H 0NG* A*m 0((Ê./ &=Z* ’GÃ*0 A3=‡
(IP address) RiG &'r AY<H •'¼)š/ 7&* ANif7
’GÃ*0 E
;'* 0%O )o)
! Yi A'OZ*œ 70'H
38
<MNš/
Y,- •'¼)š/ )B
AH ’GÃ*0 ANjiG 1Y
HaOZ,Rœ
7
%ˆ;
EA0('4
7
Ê
A;RT
Y<
RE^n/
1;L./
R^
'=¨^
(’GÃ*0 /)
•v&
A3=‡
((IP
address) G Ug/ Š+ YS' !HG 0SN* =*0y RE^©
’Ã 7o3%
7o~= (filter 7o3%) '&'( 3K© I A%7 A!ji
&0< ;'* ’G '„ @<©
G&V 7)40p 5 )(); ˆa*G 7,
% 7A1 l
7*ƒ
A1 ;m 0j,A ¤¼./y Ö^ o 7=
<W 0/ 3L©
7j!G ;'SRZ %R o3% H1OZ,Rœ
Y,-
^R v& *&+ ;m •'¼)š/ ! A1 l 1†
0';u A1 / ˆNif H)=Rœ Ac
RŠ (Virtual Private
Network VPN) 7%‹ !HG 7)= A1 Ei;P RE^ (^
r (* J' RE^ Ai;P S./ 7<= 0H ^Š&
(¬4)
H/(mœ
7„
A3
7’3
S*
A()*
RE^
RE^YZ*
R^
0()7
A&0oo®
kQl
o3%
(IR)
!1G
(AU*) RE^© ! ’3 iH EoH7 A3| 'RE^© 0iOH
;S,Rœ
EJG
O'f;*
EAm
J'
S./
0H
^Š¬/ (¬4 /) 7„ 0i;P ’3 !HG ŠR4 RE^©
decode AQH% H)'^(Rœ H
(* =& )&'(* N7-;
13 *œ
VPN
A1R%d
*3
,<
A;&!~
O'rs
%ˆ;
7
Ei;P RE^ i; 'Y,- •'¼)š/
•'¼U A= / EK%
!® Hr
Rœ 7”;y 7† A4]Uy 7A*&=v; !@0 %ˆ; 7
7i; NiG op*G FH RE^n/ 7A&0oo® 13
o3&
)EHY *À 'r ;&/(Rœ
7ANj(H +j? 70')0 )B
A)0m +[/ )0R
)40p +>G ;'* r )Jm 7(H % O'f;./ o<1
=&G
+ 7o3% 0­o] =& )(); 1g/ )0R 01ˆ *
39
N) ;m G&Vj( (password) NiGµ 70'HG EB G&V j( )Š+
)Ru GR^n/ (#, $, % … FHn/)
0*~~ o3%µ
G&VjR. 'ANH> op*G FH IR (kQl) R&
A'&Nµ
o AQg\ ) Yahooyy Googlemail or gmail . . . 0()
A&&'* “5 Y/ (database) E;&0U)R &'r
G&VjR.
(password)y
*R3
@y
!@0
'o<1„ (” AR RE^ 7(^ +;? A;i† r
7RE^©
(HG
“H 5
oR
)r
IHR
}+
/J H@<R” AR o&‰=]; ES¦ A;› f)=
oG i7R '7G E Yahooyy Googlemail or gmail
;m
kQl
(IHR)
A>=ˆ
3Kn/
oG
S*
G&VjR ‰I* AHNHŠG - 7ƒ=
7kQl
(IHR)
A(
R
ASR†
RE^n/
(d0]
A‰,Ry Ru Ro EN7>. *y !@0) 7(^ )B;* <
H 'i7R EB
%'S[/
G&V
(H H„s AR RE^ A^'* AR
'77
7&*
A;&P
)RE^© < 7aP 7ƒ= 7EB
RE^n/
HY'm
!;*s
5
NA
FH kQl (IHR)
)RE^
+.
HS
Z*
ˆRG IHR RE^© AH^‰©
)o;*Š %'S !HG 3K A(^R. IHR RE^
ˆR H)4© 7i+Y*s 7S` ! o Š‡‡ (Trash folder)
H&c ))‰©G nd A7* A(&‰(L RE^ rs
c !;*s HS—y ;&!%c
71;L.
(’GÃ*0 )
(H
¹
H&
^Š&
(anti-virus
software) aP E%Np HJs 7AJs LM 7t AS¦ 7UY
^ Š¬/ aP AQg\G 7Np ,< A1R%d HS~m
7AJs LM 0iOH ;(Z*
0<1¦ )B
7Y/ ;i
40
r j(n\ (H 7„ ! 31k\ 7i+Y 7‚3 0­o]
5 o%2 H(R
avast!
AVG
AVIRA
BitDefender
ESET Smart Security
F-Secure
G DATA
Kaspersky Lab Internet Security
McAfee
MacScan (for Mac users)
Microsoft Security Essentials
Norton Internet Security
TrendMicro
kQl RE^. U7† 7Ð( JRLM )RE^ }+. 0S
0*
H*¦ (sign out) 70'HG 7l0t 4y 7Ê.&’/y !@0
`
7A‹p* 7A1'1ROZ* 1;L./ (’GÃ*0 /) (H ANif
)r H 0S
n *~ RG3 ‰I @< '.G
7AJs LM I )A;U™QZ*
`† 'o )ANiGOZ*
0%O= Ac “0';u H¬/ 1;L. (’GÃ*0 ) v;7(
H/(R
H ^Š&
(software)
)31t/
(download) HNif” AR RE^ * H
(H
7o*3
M|/ 7o&‰==
1;L;Z* '~N A% EH 0%O rs 01`7*
7F'G
(H
0iOH
U0T
)(H
)@@
Z*
¹H&
^Š¬/ 7&0i 70'H )I 31I (H GG FH ^Š&
(software) EQ;!c HNiŠ
)B
70­o] %'S[/ 70'HG 7%m &^ 0SoP kQl
(IHR) iO7; (account) 7A)4©7 LM 7AY!i*
&oZ* A'NiG (H
<W
)A1 l •'¼UW H@ ;(Z*
RE^ 'A;&0(RTG r ! A1 l RE^ AR
70'H A') *) )(H Ni&* Ac
,p +j? A‡
op*G S* v01* A/R i(R 0%O * 7rsG
)_<W
&G
HR>
ANif
&G
“3R
'I9:;”
(diletiopia@xxxx.com)”y “%m ‰N” (tiglufetene@xxxxx.com)y
41
“!;§ H*G” (weyanieyiwdem@xxxxxx.com)y “t AHiG”
(netsanetayiqerim@xxxxx.com)y “%T 7‹” (gifubeza@xxxx.com)y
!@0
Sm )rs Aj~]* =*0 EB
;m &/ &'AYSP' 7EB
'I
'oi7R
7Av9
Hi',R
AN
FH '
FH &/ A¦ RE^n/
)B
I9:;W
HR>
%
7~G
A1'1ROZ*
0'c
^^'p
&/
NiG &'(* 0%O EK% &'A;&Z%* =& ')()R
7i(m AQ 13 * - 5 „U *&+ %O o' Ac
H
*
7^4R 6 (H 7`` EJG 7^4R 9 (H 70!S R
E1'I* 7AJs LM 7A A¦ EK &R^ i./
H
&] r
Z*  Hr H
*;s '@› &0<
7i(m 5 'o&0('4 E/R r 0d 0‰7) 7rs M|/
=Z* '&'( 7i(m E;<'¦ H1pm &'rG EB i./
E0Nif •'¼U Œ= ES='J o' =& o<'+ rs JmG
vQ* A1O * 70' N 7GE= A1= A¦ &R^
i./ NiG !® ;'* *
7ANj(H E;Qc S* G FH +j? *S3
G FH
R" NiG EQ'7 = + o3% H1O,R A1* %R
i(R O'rs =& 70'; &^ 70'HG 7^ade o&YN> !®
;'*
0%O
*
O'f;./
o3%G 01ˆ * B
o<1
7=&
0
GG
@1O ,
F(o _`O/ = A)()R7
13 o!> Ers +j> AOm +j?./ O'o3% &'(*
7o%@4
)%R
&^
'
oSG
Ao=ƒ
13
EQRr
R
&1` E!Q'
42
11. KO3
)‡* v>N* Q Q '* 7* !"/I A$% A1‹`
7>† 7[3 vi7P g/ I9 1 AUR AoUH “0UU”
EA A<%N,Rœ 7 A)
!* 0UU )1'Ÿ 7¨ %—T
!" %3 0G r* ‰ ! ’G 17; '<1 E0
rs Y*Rœ 7BJ S “I9 ’G” (A ) !"/I A$%
A‰
&'( 3Kn/ 7rs /l (NISS) I
077µ
7%3 0f % 7³ AY' Er 0‰7 J§Y A&R^n
70'H 7‰ 7R N>+i* E~NP &'0@<ß
3>
{Hd/ 7o0 ( IJT !¨ E
iO'œ
o§K 'J' F 'o&0Q ’= 1O* ‰H
’G i] A= ! E;'* 7AJs !> )40p *%@ E!7 *œ
,
*
RŠ iO % “‰H ’G j '*G” 7AR 5
Ab&P 7>† S¦ %'„ *œ E Ab&P 1't 7i]*
&3& ! *&+ 7 0UU H=Rœ R E7R o o E0U
H<R?
7I9:;
` "
0oP *3 M|/ ){(¨YZ*
)&=
17YZ* EOP 01* )A3 F 7¨ *œ “;' A%O )&=
0S
0
R” Am ­G 7f;Z* E0)
! ;'* 3L )@—
ENf ;m &G Æ
“’=
0SN*
; R S=0š/ G S7 vi(Z* Hr?
3K
AR‰'</JG”
0'*
0OP
!1a/
70UU© RG3
/dYZ* Y>‰* 0RU/ r* viP? A‰
oE)R o3› G&V 4* d AY* EB
GJ=
4RS
Aˆ
7rO
A1=/
“4'y
™cy
(H Hr
Rœ
0Sc
!HG
E3S3 E
%"'” AOm M|/ a=Z* ; R 7‹
7+=
EoPy ES'+sy RG3 E;1z !@0 Ru  0S~Z* A&0p
^4d/ Am - 70'H %=H 0!(±/! EB
!1a/ A1]© A'® 7G(Z*
0o EOP A› O'f;./ cU E0 E01 ,
,
0o {(¨
] r,Rœ B
IJ4 ,
‡ " O'rs `` ›QH
43
*&+ OH1OG A<*
A‹š/ o%'m &= G ; R 1° !~ rsy
G&V E
31* EX ˆOR G&V vr oH/R7 0‰+ÄW
A"‹W
o<'„./ ;m Er NŠ o'T EK% *3 ›QH Hr
Rœ
‹– 120 F AUOˆ A1=Z* o%
7^ade o7R¹% &
0N
*8Z* 7* Q%oW AÝ GbR^ &R^ ! I9:; O&1†7 !>
]; &R^ %z ;› 7l0%ŒYZ*
7%G5 l U)R
7 S* 3GI 7[ 0('4 Sf U 3L© “SH~ 0%O *”
*”
7o'
)40p
0j*
;&
_`l
^ade
0NjA
EQHr
G)()m )r "Hoa AiH='J 7o' EG» GbR^ 7o&‰==YZ*
U ©
`GY
E¦
€ 0‰¹* H
013*
7
I9:;
’fb”
Y]^ AJ E0)S0 U'* J§Y < &
tI*
J§Y* G ; R 01(ˆ° Er E;Qc I9:W A;&0*'*
* F(o*G G ; R 7Jm A>~„ A1 o4& Er 'Q —
+
GG ANH> AH&RG
’G ^ade U'* *&& O_H 7 Ed/
0o 7>I7 ~N (*) &'oHR )RKYZ* G !"
ƒ4
7@ (H 0€0 •'¼U EJG 0~ I9:;W
0‹O
I9:; Y]^
E0<©
E;3›
0›
%=H
!~n/
7)40p 5 7oSRN E)† 0!Nœ G &RN
G 0SNœ
GE=
A1
’G
O;./
0N=1*
E!¦
01œ
!"/I A$% 7"; A3 F A1‹` @s ›QH
AQ A‰
AR¬ 7jP (H A& AQ > A1œ 7A4j] oO*; fm
‰j3 7oO R±/ ^ade Y¹y 7&F© Yoš/ S* {Hm 01Oœ
!" %3 0G r*
“%=H R¬ 'oG” 7AR 0&n
I9:; 7UY %3 0o 7~N %=H E;'o A12*
‰ Q ra ;’GG a 7­‡ “’G ˆ`& AS2®”
R oMG œ A‰
y §!^
ˆ`& 01~Nfœ 7 !" &'( 3K
077* E
7‰ '@
'Y' 0@<* A A‰
0G
o' H
*œ S !
44
`%K ^4m o&Y!‡
7B
;'*
]• i7* 5 7I9:;/ 0U‚*
7U‚3 (H
A‰
,>
A‰
7+-©
0o
A;!
)’G
*œ
]•©
A1R%d
<
!"/I A$%
E$
'G
E0=zy GE= A1= ’G ^ade 01¡7 G&V
A
)A1 !Qg/ 7oIQ !"/I A$% •'¼U
&* AQ o&‰¹G
H/(m
0'*
'YOZ*
^4d/
!HG
A1‹—
“Š¬/”
E‹!
017 G^; ;;R ' E
G
'œ 7rsG 7%34 i7*
5 EQi7m A1 !Qg/ Jm 70H d/ A1=Z*
!1
Z*
!¨ E~ ‰Y A;&OZ* !1a/ “E§ (1– G S=J?” 7AR =Z*
ENHŠy NHi*G A;*Š A&)¨ A1‹— 0%O= 'o<'+ H/m
@3 =R 1$Y *&+ ;&1OZ,Rµ v
!RG H*ROZ,R AR
¹
EG E3S> A3|
Rœ 70';u &’/ A1‹— S./ =R
%R t 7A‰Y0
7AQ‰ R E‰º ;'*
|'*y
¤¼
!1 H'H
7KG(
1!+y SFW
A;=G* “i+‰
A+¡*”
EG5 '7~N& !*G r 01* A1‹— 7o1R1R (H ;m Jm
7(Z*
E;7^©
7B
A<~A
E<‹'œ
A7^
AN^
G ' “)|} HR> SFW
SFW H>G” A'* %R & %†
HY @3y )4–*G ER 0NjA 'r > 0(* JmG M|/
Y 1NG A3 Zp 1'„ 7%3 0„ ^T A1‹` )*&+G
)*ƒG &P 7~N& R *
7¹¹ ! v
/J ''& 'G‰R›
Jm 7(/J E3Y7^© +];/ E
&0(R¡'œ E
0 t !¦
Ep / t r A/RG
Š= Õ * AQ/G A‰H*
1 &''y 70%O A1‹— 1
Ej 7o&i “)|} HR> SFW”
SFW”
A;&i3* A8 I9:; &= H¡N @3 7(Z* 'o7)y
A&0;G r 0­o] 5 '&N !HG 0* %34 5
'oN
)
'oQ7 'G‰R› Jm )7–Y/ Y(> rs )!J '%'I
E!Q'œ "4 €€' [ ';‹/J Jm Q%G "4Y/J 7o=14
'+]* G( E3S¦ E<‹'!!
45
,ˆ
http://www.insa.gov.et
http://english.eximbank.gov.cn/
http://wwwen.zte.com.cn/en/
http://www.thereporterethiopia.com/News/chinese-israli-companies-face-offbillions-of-dollars-telecom-project.html
http://www.thereporterethiopia.com/Business-Feature/the-telecom-challengeahead.html
http://www.ethiopianreporter.com/news/293-news/3585-2011-10-01-12-3246.html
http://www.ethiotelecom.et/amharic/index.php
http://www.fdredefenceforce.gov.et/
http://www.waltainfo.com/
http://www.ifrc.org/
http://www.actionaid.org/ethiopia
http://www.crdaethiopia.org/index.php
http://infomedtec.com/ercs/index.php
http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/ensuring-your-information-issafe.html
http://support.google.com/accounts/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=32040
http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2011/06/02/top-10-things-you-can-do-to-protectyour-gmail-account/
www.iss.co.za/
http://www.mcit.gov.et/?q=home.aspx
&ER ,ˆ
i
http://www.eprdf.org.et/web/guest/gallery
ii
http://yle.fi/uutiset/ulkomaat/2012/03/etiopia_hyokkaa_muttei_halua_sotaa_334759
4.html
iii http://www.eprdf.org.et/web/guest/gallery
iv http://www.ertagov.com/am/contact-erta-addis-ababa-ethiopia/1767-2011-12-20-1802-37.html
v http://www.ertagov.com/amerta/component/content/article/49-erta-tv-hot-newsaddis-ababa-ethiopia/558-16-.html
vi http://www.ethiopianreporter.com/politics/295-politics/5598-2012-03-17-08-5856.html
vii http://www.ethpress.gov.et/ethpress/main/economy.php?economyId=466
viii http://www.eipo.gov.et/
ix http://www.federalpolice.gov.et/flashgallery/flashgallery.html
46
http://www.newsdire.com/news/568-addis-ababa-to-get-street-surrviellancecameras.html
xi http://www.addistribune.com/Archives/2001/05/18-05-01/Kinfe.htm
xii http://www.addisallaround.com/Home/tabid/83/default.aspx?viewId=62
xiii http://www.ethiotelecom.et/news/news.php?id=61
xiv http://www.witfor2007.org/sponsor
xv http://www.ethiotelecom.et/company/managemenchart.php
xvi http://www.orange.cm/UserFiles/Latute%281%29.jpg
xvii http://www.insa.gov.et/INSA/faces/news/morenews.jsp?newsid=30
x
xviii
http://www.waltainfo.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2671:ope
ning-remark-by-dr-debretsion-gebremichael-communication-and-informationtechnology-minister-at-innovation-africa-digital-summit-2012-addis-ababa-march-272012&catid=68:speech&Itemid=296
xix http://www.iss.co.za/show_personnel.php?office=4
47

Similar documents