Validity of the PPI:SF and the TriPM using the CAPP as a concept map.

Validity of the PPI:SF and the TriPM using the CAPP as a concept map.

Validity of the PPI:SF and the TriPM using the
CAPP as a Concept Map!
Alana N. Cook., Simone Viljoen, Stephen D. Hart,
Brianne K. Layden, Ashley A. Murray, & Charlotte R. McGinnis
AP-LS Portland, OR | March 2013!
Acknowledgements
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCEPTULIZATION
Psychopathy is a personality disorder.
Traits of Psychopathic Personality Disorder:
  are heterogeneous
  are complex
  are ‘continuous’ not ‘categorical’
  change overtime
  mimicked by other conditions
  differ in expression across gender, age & culture
  inherently contradict self-report
  in youth?
Hart & Cook (2012)
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Concept ≠ Operational Definition
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ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSIS
Structured Diagnostic Interview!
•  SCID-II (First et al., 1995)!
•  IPDE!
Self-Report Test!
•  MMPI-2/RF (Butcher et al., 1989; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008)!
•  PAI (Morey, 1991)!
•  PPI-R/SF (Lilenfeld & Widows, 2005; Lilienfeld, 2004)!
•  Tri-PM (Patrick, et al., 2010)!
Expert Rating Scale!
•  PCL-R (Hare, 1991)!
•  PCL:SV (Hart et al., 1995)!
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SELF-REPORT OF PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY
WHY SELF-REPORT OF PPD MAY BE A PROBLEM!
Dissimulation in self-report assessment!
Incorporating differential diagnoses!
Assessing for both traits and functional impairment!
Varying correlations among psychopathy measures!
Some optimism for self-report in clinical test batteries!
Lilienfeld & Fowler (2006). The self-report assessment of Psychopathy: Problems, pitfalls, and
promises. In C. J. Patrick (Ed.). Handbook of Psychopathy.
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
CAPP
COMPREHENSIVE!
•  Domains (e.g., attachment & cognitive)!
DYNAMIC!
•  Current severity & impairment!
(Cooke, Hart, Logan, Michie, 2004)
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
CAPP
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Big Five Personality Research
Openness!
Neuroticism!
Agreeableness!
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Conscientiousness!
Extraversion!
METHOD
Self-report on CAPP Traits, PPI:SF, & TriPM
•  N = 257
•  40% Male
•  M age 20, SD = 2.00, range 17-23
Race/Ethnicity!
% identified!
Asian (Chinese, Japanese, etc.)
44.7
Black (African, Caribbean, etc.)
1.6
Aboriginal /First Nations (Inuit, Metis, etc.)
1.2
South Asian (East Indian, Pakistani, etc.)
20.2
White (Eastern/Western European, etc.)
26.8
South East Asian (Vietnamese, Filipino, etc.)
7.0
Other
7.4
* total does not = 100% because participates could select multiple ethnicities
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Results: TOTAL SCORES WERE SIG. CORRELATED
CAPP Total!
PPI:SF Total!
TriPM Total!
.50**!
.58**!
** p < .01
N = 257
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Results: PPI TOTAL SCORES WERE SIG.
CORRELATED with CAPP Domains
PPI:SF Total! TriPm Total!
CAPP Total!
.50**!
.58**!
CAPP Attachment!
.39**!
.49**!
CAPP Behaviour!
.59**!
.64**!
CAPP Cognitive!
.33**!
.41**!
CAPP Dominance!
.47**!
.54**!
CAPP Emotional!
.25**!
.36**!
CAPP Self!
.40**!
.44**!
CAPP Foils!
-.37**!
-.31*!
* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
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Results: PPI F1 v. F2 and the CAPP Domains
PPI Factor 1! PPI Factor 2!
CAPP Total!
.05!
.60**!
CAPP Attachment!
.00!
.45**!
CAPP Behaviour!
.22**!
.75**!
CAPP Cognitive!
-.76!
.52**!
CAPP Dominance!
.08!
.59**!
CAPP Emotional!
-.11!
.38**!
CAPP Self!
.06!
.53**!
CAPP Foils!
-.46**!
-.14*!
* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
Results: TriPM Facets and the CAPP Domains
TriPM:
Boldness!
TriPM:
TriPM:
Disinhibition! Meanness!
CAPP Total!
-.01!
.65**!
.61**!
CAPP Attachment!
-.07!
.53**!
.66**!
CAPP Behaviour!
.40*!
.66**!
.65**!
CAPP Cognitive!
-.12*!
.57**!
.55**!
CAPP Dominance!
.06!
.51**!
.66**!
CAPP Emotional!
-.13*!
.45**!
.50**!
CAPP Self!
.02!
.50**!
.56**!
CAPP Foils!
-.44**!
-.04!
-.19**!
* p < .05 ; ** p < .01
N = 257
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCLUSIONS: GLOBAL ANALYSIS
1.  Total scores on both tests were correlated with total
scores on the CAPP and moderately to highly correlated
with all the CAPP domains.!
2.  Total scores were also correlated negatively with CAPP
Foils, indicating they are specifically associated to PPD.!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
CONCLUSIONS: FINE GRAINED ANALYSIS
However, consistent with past research:!
1.  Total scores were more highly correlated with the
behavioral domains than any other CAPP domain!
2.  PPI Factor 1 and Boldness had different patterns of
correlations that the other domains. !
Self-report measures exhibited some important limitations
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!
LIMITATIONS & FUTURE DIRECTIONS
•  Undergraduates
•  Clinical samples
•  Assumption that the CAPP is a valid model
•  Rationale and empirical basis
•  Self report measures
•  Shared variance
alanac@sfu.ca!
Alana N. Cook | SFU Psychology!