Barley: Bursting with flavor? - American Malting Barley Association

Barley: Bursting with flavor?
(for beer)??
A Gordian knot?
Variety: Genetics, Management, Climate, Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
Malting: Time, Temperature, Moisture
Brewing: Hops, Water, Yeast, Adjuncts, Time, Temperature
Consumer: Awareness, Willingness
Micro-flora, Micro-fauna, Storage, Transport
Presentation outline
1. The MN caper
2. The Flavor 6-pack
3. The World Core
4. The Full Pint Occurrence
5. The 3 x 3
6. The 3 x
7. Next steps
8. The bigger picture
9. Implications
10. Malt data
The MN caper
The Flavor 6-pack
The World Core
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
*Vendor: Happy Gnome
* Signature approval________________
*Amt of Purchase: $315.69
* Supervisor approval________________
*Justification: Purchase of (what) by (who) on (date) for (who purchased for if other than
above), how to be used, when to be used (e.g. conference date), where to be used, why
this account. Use account key words.
Professor Patrick Hayes was visiting from Oregon State University and the group of
barley researchers from UM (Gary Muehlbauer, Kevin Smith, and Peter Morrell and
me)) took him to dinner to discuss our joint research project on flavor components in
malt and the USA hosting International Barley Genetics Symposium in 2016.
Full gift account string: 1701-11031-20293-UMF0007949--0995029.
The MN caper
The Flavor 6-pack
The World Core
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The MN caper
1. Reinvigorate US barley breeding and genetics – focus on
malting and brewing
2. The genomics vs. phenomics discontinuity
3. 1001 nano-malts and nano-brews
4. AMBA white paper
The flavor 6-pack
The Flavor 6-pack
The World Core
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Bells, Firestone-Walker, New Glarus, Russian River, Sierra Nevada,
Summit
http://barleyworld.org/breeding-genetics/tcap/beer-flavor
The World Core
The World Core
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
2062 grown
709 harvested
114 malted (Rahr)
Wort sensory and analysis in progress (Sierra Nevada)
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The Full Pint Occurrence
• BCD47 and AMBA
• The BISON
• Check for the TCAP World Core
• Tom Nielsen, Sierra Nevada
“Full Pint is very fermentable and had a very nice
extract… Full Pint wort also tasted very good, pre and
post boiled. I picked up a very pleasant and strong
fresh salted popcorn note. A very positive clean
sweetness as well, with no harshness or
astringency… The fermented Full Pint beer was clean,
slightly estery, a bit tart and bready.”
The Full Pint Occurrence
Scott Sayer and Colorado Malting Company
Tim Matthews, Oskar Blues
“Salty caramel popcorn and sweet agape nectar”
Scott Sayer and Briess
The Full Pint
Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The Full Pint Occurrence
The Full Pint Occurrence
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Dave Kuske and Briess
“Batch 2 is in the lab right now – preliminary results look awesome! We got the color up to 2.0 L and the Beta Glucan down from 200+ first batch to about 110 on this batch – the flavor and aroma have much more malty character and the sweetness and extra mouth‐feel on the wort carried through.
Seth Klann and Mecca Grade
OSU variety release
The 3 x 3
Variables:
3 varieties: Full Pint, Klages, Metcalfe
3 locations: Corvallis, Saskatoon, St. Paul
Assessments:
Nano-brew at New Glarus
Wort sensory and analytics at Sierra Nevada
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3 x 3
Nano-brew at New Glarus
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3 x 3
Wort sensory and analytics at Sierra Nevada
1.0 = Excellent, Superior:
2.0=Above Average, Very Good:
3.0=Average, Good:
4.0=Fair, Needs Improvement:
Malty, Sweet, Clean, No off flavor
SL Malty, SL Sweet, Weak, SL Grainy, SL Husky
SL Bitter, Dusty, Grainy, Papery, Chaffy
SL Earthy, SL Musty, SL Green, SL Grassy
The 3 x 3
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3x
Variables
3 varieties: Copeland, Full Pint, Klages
1 production environment: Herb Farm, Lebanon Oregon
1 malt environment: Canadian Malting Barley Technical Center
Assessments:
New Glarus: brewing and beer sensory
Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
Beer sensory this afternoon at the BIC
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3x
Assessments:
New Glarus: brewing and beer sensory
Rating scale: 0 – 1.99 (Poor), 2 – 2.99 (Below Average), 3 – 3.99 (Good), 4 – 5 (Excellent)
Malt
Type
Copeland
Full Pint
Klages
Foam quality
2.84
3.21
2.84
Bitterness/
sweetness quality
3.54
3.35
3.08
Astringency
Finishing
quality
Graininess smoothness
3.39
3.25
3.13
3.34
2.91
2.85
3.69
3.66
3.44
Overall
quality rating
3.58
3.63
2.88
The 3x
Assessments:
Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
Overall Difference
Attribute
No Difference
Very Slight Difference
Slight Difference
Moderate Difference
Moderate‐Large Difference
Large Difference
Very Large Difference
# votes
0
0
2
4
3
2
0
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3x
Assessments:
Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
The 3x
Assessments:
Sierra Nevada: brewing, beer sensory, and analytics
Variety Copeland
Full Pint
Klages
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Descriptors
Grainy, grassy, bland, v. s. toasty, sl. fruity
Fruity, fresh pineapple, v.sl. rootbeer, v.sl. graham cracker, later character, less malty than other 2
Estery, grassy, fruity, heavy mouthfeel, sl. grainy
Sl. nutty, about Summerfest maltiness, sl.grainy/grassy
Sl. clove, flavorful, heavy mouthfeel, fruity, full, sl. metallic, minty, spicy, bright
Initial sl. vinegar, lower aroma, slightly grassy, more watery/bland taste
The 3x
• There are differences
• There are differential preferences
• Descriptors are intriguing
Beer sensory this afternoon at the BIC
El Pueblo Room 5:30 – 6:00
The 3 x
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Next steps
Next steps
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Oregon Promise
Full Pint/Golden Promise doubled haploids (DH)
Genotyping
Nano-brew and 3 locations
Oregon Otter
Full Pint/Maris Otter DH
Genotyping
Phenotyping pipeline
Full Stein
Full Pint/Violetta DH
Genotyping
Phenotyping pipeline
The bigger picture
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Variety: Genetics, Management, Climate, Biotic and Abiotic
stresses
Malting: Time, Temperature, Moisture
Brewing: Hops, Water, Yeast, Adjuncts, Time, Temperature
Consumer: Awareness, Willingness
Micro-flora, Micro-fauna, Storage, Transport
Variety
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
• J. Mallet, 2014. Malt: A Practical Guide from Field to Brewhouse
•~ 400 malts produced by ~ 20 maltings
•4 varieties specified in 12 malts
•Maris Otter, Golden Promise, Halcyon, Pipkin
• Full Pint: Carries its weight or just another Vuitton?
• Terroir at any price?
Malting
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
• Micro malting: Meaningful for flavor?
• Pilot malting: Where and how?
• Commercial malting: Procrustean bed vs. personalized
mattress experience?
Consumer
• Aware?
• Willing?
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
Brewing
The bigger picture
Implications
Malt data
• The malt COA: Pole star, compass, or map?
• Who needs/wants what/when/where/and what for?
Implications
Malt data
Implications
•
The perfect experiment: produce, malt, and brew all
varieties optimally
•
Pilot malting and beer flavor assessment: still the
bottlenecks
•
Markets, yields, and prices: does barley flavor cost or pay?
•
Research investments: ranking priorities
•
Flavor genetics alternatives:
• Understand and breed
• Understand
•
Engineering flavor?
Acknowledgements
The Flavor 6-pack
American Malting Barley Association
Busch Agricultural Resources
Great Western Malting
Oregon Wheat Commission
Malt data
Malt data