Student Workbook

Transcription

Student Workbook

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A High School Student Toolkit
Table of Contents
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Introduction!
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Section I - Modules!
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Lesson 1: Why Law?!
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Lesson 2: How Law?!
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Lesson 3: What Law?!
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Lesson 4: Law Related Skills!
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Lesson 5: Tying Together Why, How, and What Law!
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Section II – References!
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Yes, You Can Become A Lawyer
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Introduction
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Yes, You Can…Become a Lawyer is the Council on Legal Education
Opportunity’s (CLEO) Lawyers and Leaders in Training high school student
toolkit. Maybe you’ve always wanted to be a lawyer or maybe you just want to
investigate if you’re really cut out to be one. Either way, this toolkit is for you.
You’ll learn in five easy lessons about what it takes to become a lawyer. You’ll
also find out the various law-related educational programs around the country
specifically designed with 9th – 12th grade students in mind. Finally you’ll get a
list of resources for further study. By the time you’ve completed the book you
should have a good idea of whether or not a life in the law is for you.!
!
How Manual Is Organized
In true Socratic Method, the book raises questions such as “Why you should
become a lawyer?”; “How you can become a lawyer?” and “What It Takes to
Become a Lawyer.” It then wraps up the series with “Law-Related Skills” and
“Tying Together Why, How and What.” The directory of law-related education is
included so students can find additional opportunities to participate in. !
!
We end the book with a look at the links and Websites for you to learn more
about being a lawyer. !
!
A Word About CLEO
Since 1968 the Council on Legal Education Opportunity has worked to diversify
the legal profession by helping underrepresented students prepare academically
for the challenges of law school. More than 8,000 students have participated in
CLEO's pre-law and law school academic support programs, successfully
matriculated through law school, passed the bar exam and joined the legal
profession. CLEO alumni, many who had less than traditional academic
indicators of success, yet were given an opportunity to attend law school, are
represented in every area of the legal profession--private law firms and
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corporations, law schools, federal and state judiciaries, and legislators across the
country. !
Today, CLEO offers programming for high school, college, and law school
students. Lawyers and Leaders in Training (LLIT) is CLEO’s national program for
high school students. Lawyers and Leaders in Training continues CLEO’s more
than 40-year tradition of being in the forefront of diversifying the legal profession. LLIT consists of several program areas:!
! Summer Legal Institute!
! Color of Justice!
! In-person Seminars!
Through collaboration with other organizations with a similar mission, CLEO
works to touch as many secondary school students as possible. To learn more
about our programs, visit www.cleoscholars.org.!
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LESSON #1: Why Law?
“You can do it if you believe you can!”
-- Nathaniel Hill
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This lesson is designed to show you what a career in the legal profession is like.
There are four parts to the lesson: !
· Part One: !What is a lawyer?!
· Part Two: ! What kind of salary does a lawyer make?!
· Part Three: ! What famous persons have law degrees?!
· Part Four:! What is logical reasoning?!
!
You will need paper and a writing utensil—ideally a pencil with an eraser—for the
exercises that follow.!
!
EXERCISE 1 WHAT IS A LAWYER?
You will be exploring, with your teacher and classmates, what a lawyer is and
does and the many aspects of the lawyer’s role in the legal profession. After the
discussion, write down your definition of the term “lawyer.” Be prepared to justify
your definition of the term “lawyer.”!
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Definition of a Lawyer:!
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________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________!
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EXERCISE 2 WHAT KIND OF A SALARY DOES A LAWYER MAKE?
Look carefully at the exhibits below, which depict three salary charts. Your
instructor will have placed similar salary charts around the classroom. You will be
asked to stand next to the chart that contains the correct salary information for
various levels of educational attainment.!
EXHIBIT 1
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Educational Attainment
Median Annual Salary
DC High School Graduate
$29,156
DC College Graduate
$56,856
DC Lawyer
$108,777
National High School Graduate
National College Graduate
$26,827
$48,012
National Lawyer
$110,590
SOURCES:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://www.blsgov/oes/2008/may/oes231011.htm, (last
visited on April 20, 2010)!
!
DC Fiscal Policy Institute, http://dcfpi.org/wp-content/uploads/
2009/09/9-22-09ACSIncome.pdf (last visited on April 20, 2010)!
!
PayScale, Inc., http://www.payscale.com/research/US/
Bar_Association=District_of_Columbia_Bar_Ass-ociation/Salary, (last visited on
April 20, 2010)!
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U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov/prod/2008pubs/acs-09.pdf (pg. 15),
(last visited on April 20, 2010)!
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EXHIBIT 2
$19,156
DC College Graduate
$66,856
DC Lawyer
$78,777
$16,827
$38,012
National Lawyer
$100,590
!
SOURCES:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://www.bls.gov/oes/2008/may/oes231011.htm,
Bar_Association=District_of_Columbia_Bar_Ass-ociation/Salary, (last visited on
April 20, 2010)!
U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.censusgov/prod/2008pubs/acs-09.pdf (pg. 15),
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EXHIBIT 3
$29,156
DC College Graduate
$36,856
DC Lawyer
$78,777
$26,827
$38,012
National Lawyer
$100,590
!
SOURCES:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, http://www.bls.gov/oes/2008/may/oes231011.htm,
Bar_Association=District_of_Columbia_Bar_Association/Salary, (last visited on
April 20, 2010)!
U.S. Census Bureau, http://www.census.gov/prod/2008pubs/acs-09.pdf (pg. 15),
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EXERCISE 3 WHAT FAMOUS PERSONS HAVE LAW DEGREES?
Many influential people in our society have earned law degrees. Pick a slip of
paper from the hat. You will be asked to read aloud the slip you chose from the
hat. As other students read from the slips of paper, take notes on (1) how this
person may be using her or his law degree; and (2) what common characteristics
this person shares with the other personalities. !
EXHIBIT 4 - Famous Persons with Law Degrees
1. PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA
Barack Obama is the current President of the United States.
He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1991. While at
Harvard, he was the first black president of the Harvard Law
Review. From 1992 - 2004, he worked as a civil rights
attorney and as a professor at the University of Chicago
School of Law. He served in the United States Senate from
2005 until he was elected President in 2008.!
!
2. FIRST LADY MICHELLE OBAMA
Michelle Obama is the current first lady of the United States.
She is a graduate of Harvard Law School and Princeton
University. After law school, she worked for a Chicago law
firm for a number of years. She worked for the Chicago city
government, a Chicago nonprofit, and the University of
Chicago. She has been a very active first lady and has
worked to promote public service along with the Obama
Administration’s policy initiatives.!
!
3. VICE PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN
Joe Biden is the current Vice President of the United States.
He graduated from Syracuse College of Law in 1968. He
began practicing as a public defender directly after law
school and then started his own firm. He was elected to his
local city council in 1970 and served until 1972 at which
time he was elected to the United States Senate. Biden
served in the Senate until 2008 when he was elected to be
the Vice President. Biden taught at the Widener University
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School of Law, the only law school in Delaware, from 1991 until 2008.!
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4. GLORIA RACHEL ALLRED
Gloria Allred is an award-winning American lawyer known
for taking high-profile and often controversial cases.
Reared in Philadelphia, she has degrees from the
University of Pennsylvania, New York University, and Loyola
Law School in Los Angeles. Before becoming an attorney,
she was a public high school teacher for six years. Allred
represented Amber Frey when she was a witness in the
criminal case against Scott Peterson; the 11-year- old girl
named Katrina Yeaw who was excluded from participation in the Boy Scouts of
America; and Nicole Brown’s family during the O.J. Simpson murder trial. In
2004, Gloria Allred filed the first lawsuit in California challenging the denial of
marriage licenses to same-sex couples as being unconstitutional. !
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5. JERRY SPRINGER
Jerry Springer is the host of the Jerry Springer Show. He
graduated from Northwestern University School of Law.
After law school, Springer worked as an aide to Robert
Kennedy’s campaign and then as a lawyer in a Cincinnati,
Ohio, law firm. After a failed run for Congress in 1970,
Springer was elected to the Cincinnati City Council. The
Council also appointed him Mayor of Cincinnati for one
year. Springer got into broadcasting shortly thereafter and
was an award-winning political journalist. In 1991 he began the Jerry Springer
Show. It began as a serious talk show, but in 1994 was modified into its current
format.!
!
6. TONY LA RUSSA
Tony La Russa is currently a manager with the St. Louis
Cardinals baseball team. He graduated from Florida State
University College of Law and was admitted to the Florida
Bar in 1980. At the time, he had already been playing
baseball professionally. He decided law was not for him and
became a manager. He is considered one of the best
managers in baseball history. He has served as a manager
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for the Chicago White Sox, the Oakland A’s, and the St. Louis Cardinals. He is
only one of five managers in the history of Major League Baseball to also have a
law degree.!
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7. WILL SHORTZ
Will Shortz is a puzzle creator and editor. He graduated
from the University of Virginia School of Law; however, he
decided not to take the bar in order to pursue his passion:
puzzles. He has served as the crossword puzzle editor for
The New York Times since 1993. He is the only person in
the world known to hold a degree in enigmatology – the
study of puzzles.!
!
8. JOHN GRISHAM
John Grisham is an author who is best known for his legal
thrillers. He graduated from the University of Mississippi
School of Law in 1981 and began to work as a general
practice criminal and civil lawyer in Mississippi. He was
elected to the Mississippi House of Representatives in 1983
and served until 1990. He got his first idea for a book in
1984 after hearing the harrowing testimony of a 12-year-old
rape victim. He eventually turned that idea into the
bestselling, critically-acclaimed book A Time to Kill.!
!
9. DAVID E. KELLEY
David Kelley, son of a legendary ice hockey coach,
graduated from Princeton University and Boston University
School of Law. He worked for a short time as a lawyer for a
Boston law firm. Shortly after law school, he wrote a
screenplay – a legal thriller – that garnered the attention of
some TV executives. He was given a job writing for L.A.
Law and has been a TV writer and producer ever since. His
credits include Ally McBeal, The Practice, Boston Public,
and Boston Legal.!
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10. MOHANDAS MAHATMA GHANDI
Ghandi was the preeminent spiritual and political leader of
India during the Indian Independence Movement in the
early 20th century. Ghandi graduated from the University
College London with a degree in law in 1891. Ghandi’s
attempts to set up a law practice in Mumbai, India, failed
and he did menial legal work for a number of years until he
accepted a post in South Africa for a year. While in South
Africa, he experienced racism and discrimination because of his Indian heritage.
These events were a turning point for him. He became politically active in
opposing discrimination and eventually began attempting to organize the Indians
against the British Empire by demanding Indians be granted their independence.
India was granted independence in August of 1947. !
!
11. BEN STEIN
Ben Stein is an actor, author, and commentator who is
known by many for his role as the boring professor in the
movie Ferris Bueller’s Day Off. He graduated from Yale
Law School. After law school, he worked as a poverty
lawyer in Washington, DC, and was then hired by the
Federal Trade Commission. In the 1970s, he served as a
speechwriter for Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. He has
also taught at various universities around the country,
written for many publications, and starred in TV shows and movies, beginning
with Ferris Bueller’s Day Off in 1986.!
!
12. STAR JONES
Star Jones is a TV personality. She is most known for her
stint as a co-host on The View. She graduated from the
University of Houston Law Center in 1986. After law school,
she worked as a prosecutor, and shortly thereafter began
working for CourtTV (now truTV). She also worked for, and
hosted, various shows on NBC. She joined The View in
1997 where she worked until 2006. She has done a number
of TV appearances since leaving The View.!
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13. JIM CRAMER
Jim Cramer is a TV personality and best-selling author. He
is currently the host of Mad Money. Cramer graduated from
Harvard Law School in the early 1980s and worked as a
research assistant for Alan Dershowitz. He started investing
money (his student loans) in law school and was hired as a
stockbroker after working as a lawyer for a few years. He
eventually became the leader of a hedge fund. He worked
in the financial industry until 2005 when he was hired as the host of Mad Money.!
!
14. PAT ROBERTSON
Pat Robertson is a televangelist and a host on the 700
Club. He graduated from Yale Law School in 1955, but
failed the bar exam. Shortly thereafter, he underwent a
religious conversion and went to New York Theological
Seminary. Since then, he has worked as a preacher and a
missionary. He has founded multiple religious organizations,
including the American Center for Law and Justice,
Christian Broadcast Network, and Regent University. He
also ran unsuccessfully for President of the United States.!
!
15. ERIKA HAROLD
Erika Harold currently works as an associate at the
international law firm of Sidley & Austin. She is a 2007
graduate of Harvard Law School. A native of Urbana,
Illinois, Harold is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the
University of Illinois – Urbana/Champaign. She won the
Miss America pageant in 2003. !
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16. HILL HARPER
Hill Harper is a film, television, and stage actor who has a
dual J.D./M.P.A. degree from Harvard Law School and John
F. Kennedy School of Government. Born in Iowa City, Iowa,
Harper’s father is a psychiatrist and his mother is one of the
first black practicing anesthesiologists in the United States.
In addition to his recent role on CSI: New York and other
film and TV appearances, Harper is the author of three
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books.!
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17. JUSTICE SONIA MARIA SOTOMAYOR
Serving since August 2009, Justice Sonia Sotomayor is one
of the more recent appointees to the Supreme Court of the
United States. Sotomayor is the Court's 111th justice, its
first Hispanic, and its third female justice. Justice
Sotomayor was born in the Bronx, New York, and is of
Puerto Rican descent. Justice Sotomayor earned degrees
from Princeton University and Yale Law School, where she
was an editor at the Yale Law Journal. She was an
advocate for the hiring of Latino faculty at both schools. Justice Sotomayor
worked as an assistant district attorney in New York before entering private
practice. Sotomayor has taught at the New York University School of Law and
Columbia Law School. Before her appointment by President Obama to the
Supreme Court, she served as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
Second Circuit. !
!
18. SENATOR FRED THOMPSON
Senator Fred Thompson is a politician, actor, attorney,
lobbyist, and radio host. He represented Tennessee as a
Republican in the U.S. Senate from 1994 through 2003. He
earned his law degree from Vanderbilt University in 1967
and has appeared in many films and television shows,
including Law & Order. He was the first member of his
family to attend college. !
!
19. DEAN OBEIDALLAH
Born in New Jersey, Obeidallah’s comedy comes from his
unique background of being the only son of a Palestinian
father and a Sicilian mother. A graduate of Fordham
University Law School, he practiced law for four years
before taking a low-paying job at NBC to break into the
entertainment industry. Among other successes he has
enjoyed as a comedian, Obeidallah co-founded the Arab
American Comedy Festival. This highly-acclaimed, first-ofits-kind festival has received national and international media coverage. It is held
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annually in New York City and showcases Arab-American comics, actors,
playwrights, and filmmakers. !
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20. NINA ZAGAT
Nina Zagat is a graduate of Yale Law School. She
practiced estate law for many years quite successfully, but
decided to turn her passion (food) into her livelihood. In
1979, Zagat and her husband founded Zagat Survey, an
innovative and popular series of restaurant guides that now
covers 45 cities around the world. !
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EXERCISE 4 - WHAT IS LOGICAL REASONING?
A critical “lawyering” skill and one of the three sections included on the Law
School Admission Test (LSAT) is analytical reasoning. The LSAT is a
standardized test people take to apply to law school (much like the SAT or ACT in
college). Test your analytical reasoning skills by solving the “logic games” or
“puzzles” below. This skill of solving logic puzzles, which improves with practice,
is important to gain entrance into law school. Once you’ve completed the dinner
table placements, write a one-paragraph description of why you chose to place
individuals around the dinner table the way you did. !
In this logic puzzle, five people from “Famous People with Law Degrees” are
invited to a dinner party. Your task is to design the seating arrangements based
on a series of rules (see below). In addition to completing the dinner table
placements, write a one-paragraph description of how you decided who would sit
in each position. !
!
!
• A man cannot sit next to another man.!
• A politician must sit next to a TV personality.!
• The first Hispanic Supreme Court justice is seated at the head of the table
(in position #1); to her left is the Republican who served as a U.S. Senator
and was the first in his family to attend college; to her right is a food expert
who graduated from Yale Law School.!
• A TV personality must sit next to a Southern author.!
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HOW TO SET UP THE GAME
The best way to approach the logic puzzle is to follow the steps BELOW:!
STEP 1 Determine your basic diagramming approach. In this case, you’re going
to use the picture that’s been provided.!
!
STEP 2 Allow your diagram to evolve as you consider specific rules. (In other
words, don’t be afraid to cross out or erase names if you change your
mind. Use a pencil so that you can easily erase.)!
!
STEP 3 Restate all rules in or around your diagram as pictures or symbols. (For
example, put the initials or full names of the people you decide should be
put in certain positions.)!
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STEP 4 Ask yourself, "What else, if anything, can I deduce?"!
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LESSON #2: How Law?
!
“Each of us must earn our own existence.
And how does anyone earn anything?
Through perseverance, hard work and desire.”
--Thurgood Marshall
!
Lawyers are in a very good position to address societal issues because of their
training and knowledge. They also have intimate knowledge of how our system
of government works and how to change it. This three-part lesson will focus on
how to become a lawyer and the path from high school to law school:!
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·
·
·
Part One:! Addressing Societal Issues and Social Change!
Part Two:!
Planning for a Career in the Legal Profession, Part One!
Part Three:! Planning for a Career in the Legal Profession, Part Two!
You will need paper and a writing utensil—ideally a pencil with an eraser—for the
exercises that follow.!
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EXERCISE 1 ADDRESSING SOCIETAL ISSUES AND SOCIAL CHANGE
Lawyers have specialized training in problem solving. They also can work on
maintaining and changing government in many ways – as advocates for people
whose rights have been violated, as lobbyists for the interests of people whose
voices need to be heard, as elected officials, and more.!
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Addressing societal issues and social change
In 250 words, discuss three top problems confronting our society today. !
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PLANNING A CAREER IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION !
Part One
It’s never too early to plan for law school. In fact, planning your road to law
school can begin as early as your junior year in high school. Study the timeline
provided for you on page ___. The timeline encompasses your high school and
college years. Note the various milestones you must make in order to graduate
from high school and then from college. !
!
To help you understand the timeline, you will be divided into groups to work on
the Funnel Activity. Once you are in your group, decide who will report on your
findings. As a group, discuss the various terms that apply to each stage of the
application process. Using your timeline as a guide, list the terms that apply to
each stage of the application process. !
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EXHIBIT 1: THE ROAD TO BECOMING A LAWYER
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LAW SCHOOL APPLICATION TIMELINE
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HIGH SCHOOL TIMELINE
! Your grades are one of the most important factors colleges consider in the
admissions process. Make sure to keep your grades up.!
! Participate in extracurricular activities that enhance valuable skills for law school (for
example, speech and debate, student government, Model United Nations, and
school newspaper).!
! Familiarize yourself with the following standardized college entrance exams:!
PSAT: WWW.COLLEGEBOARD.COM!
SAT: WWW.COLLEGEBOARD.COM!
SAT SUBJECT TESTS: WWW.COLLEGEBOARD.COM!
ACT: WWW.ACT.ORG!
FREE APPLICATION FOR FEDERAL STUDENT AID (FAFSA):
WWW.FAFSA.ED.GOV!
EDUCATIONAL TESTING SERVICE (ETS): WWW.ETS.ORG!
COLLEGE BOARD (CEEB): WWW.COLLEGEBOARD.COM!
!
High School – JUNIOR YEAR
March!
! Begin to research colleges and make a list of those you may be interested in
attending.!
! Begin to study for the SAT and/or the ACT.!
! Create a personalized timeline. It should include the exams you plan to take, the
preparation time, deadlines for your colleges, and a checklist of what you need to
collect for your applications. !
April!
! Attend college fairs.!
! Begin to make summer plans. !
May – June!
! Register for and take June SAT exam. !
July – August!
! Work to save money for college and/or obtain an internship. !
!
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High School – SENIOR YEAR
!
September!
! Meet with academic counselor to make sure you are on track to fulfill all
requirements to graduate.!
! Meet with counselor to develop plan for college applications.!
! Begin to work on college applications.!
! Request letters of recommendation from teachers.!
! Register for SAT (if you haven’t done so already) and any other exam the colleges
you are applying to require (the ACT, and/or subject tests).!
!
!
October!
! Take SAT if necessary.!
! Begin to research financial aid options – check out the FAFSA form and research
scholarships.!
!
November!
! Early decision application deadlines for some colleges.!
!
December!
! Regular decision application deadlines for some colleges.!
! Meet with the financial aid counselor and begin working on the financial aid
applications.!
!
January!
! Regular decision application period ends for many colleges.!
! Submit FAFSA application.!
!
February!
! Submit FAFSA application.!
! Regular decision application period ends for some colleges.!
!
March!
!
! Regular decision application period ends for some colleges.!
April!
!
! Evaluate offers of acceptance and enroll in college.!
May!
!
!
! Accept offer of admission (if you haven’t done so already).!
! Finalize student loan funding.!
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UNDERGRADUATE TIMELINE
! Your GPA is one of the most important factors in gaining admission to the college of
!
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your choice. Earn good grades. !
There is no required pre-law curriculum. Consider taking courses that will expose you
to a broad array of topics, as your major and schedule permits including classes in
English, literature, history, political science, philosophy, economics, mathematics,
psychology, sociology, anthropology, non-Western studies, languages, natural
sciences.!
Take courses that will teach you skills that will be valuable in law school including
analytical and problem-solving skills, critical reasoning skills, writing skills, oral
communication skills, and research skills.!
Participate in extracurricular activities that will give you valuable skills for law school
(for example, debate team, student government, college newspaper, and research
assistant for a professor).!
Take advantage of various CLEO programs – Road to Law School, Sophomore
Summer Institute and Sophomore Super Saturday, Juniors Jumpstart the LSAT,
CLEO Connection, and Achieving Success in the Application Process.!
Visit http://www.cleoscholars.org. !
College – JUNIOR YEAR
(OR 2 years prior to law school matriculation)!
!
September – December!
! Sign up for prospective student listserves at law schools in which you are interested.!
! Establish ties with professors who may write you letters of recommendation (if you
haven’t already done so).!
! Consider attending Law School Admission Council (LSAC) law school forum – see
http://www.lsac.org for locations/dates.!
!
March!
! Register to take the June administration of the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) at
!
http://www.lsac.org.!
June – August!
! Take the LSAT (June is the ideal time).!
! Begin to draft a personal statement and construct a resume, which will become part
of your law school application portfolio.!
! Begin to research law schools and compiling a list you may be interested in applying
to.!
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September – October!
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! Register with the Credit Assembly Service (CAS) so that the coursework on your
undergraduate transcript can be evaluated (http://www.lsac.org/Applying/lsdasregistering-for-the-lsdas.asp).!
! Have your transcript sent to CAS from every institution of higher education that you
have attended so that your academic record can be compared to all other law school
applicants.!
College – SENIOR YEAR
(OR one year prior to law school matriculation)!
!
September!
! Attend law panels, law fairs, and law school forums at law schools you are interested
in.!
! Discuss school choices with pre-law counselor at your college.!
! Finalize personal statement and have it reviewed by your pre-law counselor, writing
tutor, and several other readers.!
! Ask two professors for recommendation letters to be sent to CAS. Consider asking a
third person for a reference (another professor or a professional reference such as
an internship supervisor or coach).!
!
October!
! Take the fall LSAT (if you are repeating it or did not take it in June).!
! Complete and begin submitting law school applications in late October.!
!
November!
! Submitting law school applications by November 15 increases your options.!
! Begin investigating sources of financial aid (federal, institutional, private). Obtain
applications and file as early as possible.!
!
December!
! Check with the law schools to be sure that your files are complete.!
! Obtain a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) from the financial aid
office or from http://www.fafsa.ed.gov and file well before the deadline because
money is allotted out on a rolling basis.!
!
January!
! Send an updated transcript with your fall term grades directly to law schools.!
!
February – April!
! Evaluate offers of acceptance and financial aid. You will not be required to place a
deposit at any particular school until after April 1.!
! Apply for CLEO’s Six-Week Summer Institute.!
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EXERCISE 2 - FUNNEL ACTIVITY
Use your timeline for reference purposes.
The purpose of this worksheet is to see the
similarities and differences between different
stages on the road to law school. Use the
information from the Law School Application
Timeline to assist you. On the lines next to
each funnel, write down which of the following
terms apply to each stage of the application
process: !
!
HIGH SCHOOL!
!
!
!
!
!
•
•
•
•
•
•
!
1L, extracurricular activities!
LSAT, bar exam!
FAFSA, SAT/ACT!
personal statement!
letters of recommendation!
good grades. !
*You may use a term more than once.
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________!
_____________________________________________
!
!
!
!25
PLANNING FOR A CAREER IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION
!
PART TWO
EXERCISE 3 - Abby/Frank Hypothetical
Consider the following facts and write a 200-word essay responding to the
question at the end.!
Abby, a junior in high school, thinks she might want to go to law
school. Frank, her older brother, has applied to law school
already and been denied admission. Frank tells Abby not to worry
so much and encourages her to have a good time, party with her
friends, and enjoy her youth.!
!
Abby wants to avoid her brother’s predicament. If you could give
Abby five pieces of advice to put herself in the best position to be
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
________________________________________________________________!
!
!
!
!26
!
!
LESSON #3: What Law?
“Never limit yourself because of others' limited imagination;
never limit others because of your own limited imagination.”
--Mae Jemison, astronaut
This lesson will explore how a law degree can lead to different types of careers-both in the traditional legal field and elsewhere. You, your classmates, and your
teacher will discuss the variety of jobs people with a law degree can perform. To
many, the law degree confers power, prestige, and knowledge of the legal
system, which is the foundation of American society.!
!
There are four parts to the lesson:
!
!
·
·
·
·
Part One:!
Part Two:!
Part Three:!
Part Four:!
What are the various positions lawyers can have?!
What is policy?!
How is policy implemented?!
Who Gets to Play Ball?!
Each student should have a writing utensil, along with the exercises in this
segment of the toolkit.!
!
!
!
!
!27
!
!
EXHIBIT 1 WHAT ARE THE VARIOUS POSITIONS LAWYERS CAN HAVE?
!
While most people who obtain a law degree intend to, and do, use the degree in
a “traditional” sense – i.e., to practice law as a litigator or transactional lawyer –
many people choose to apply the degree in other ways. Following are various
ways lawyers can solve everyday problems in society.!
!
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) (arbitrator, mediator, negotiator)
Alternative dispute resolution includes resolving problems without resorting to
adversarial, costly, time-consuming litigation in court. ADR processes are often
more collaborative than traditional litigation. Various forms of ADR are used in
labor and employment law disputes, special education cases, family law
disputes, and consumer disputes. !
!
Civil Attorney
A civil attorney is a lawyer who is admitted to practice law in a jurisdiction,
authorized to perform legal functions for clients. These functions could include
anything from drafting of legal documents, giving legal advice, facilitating the
transfer of resources or creation of legal relationships, to representing clients
before courts, administrative agencies, boards, etc.!
!
Compliance Officer
Government and private agencies are required to comply with dozens of laws,
rules, regulations, guidelines, and all other sorts of obligations. Lawyers often
find jobs helping agencies design policies and practices to comply with those
obligations.!
!
Court Clerk
Lawyers also serve in other roles in the courthouse, including that of a court
clerk. Court clerks assist the judge in organizing cases, researching legal issues,
and drafting legal opinions. Some clerks work with a particular judge, while other
clerks work for the court itself and may assist many judges.!
!
!
!
!28
!
Criminal Defense Attorney
A defense attorney is a lawyer who represents the person or persons who are
being prosecuted by the government in a criminal case.!
!
Entrepreneur
Some graduates of law schools decide to start their own business. The study of
law and the study of business often go hand-in-hand. The founders of the
California Pizza Kitchen, for example, are graduates of law school. Another
example is a real estate developer.!
!
Investigator
Investigators are used in many different kinds of legal cases. A common usage is
in criminal cases where the defense attorney and the prosecutor typically hire
investigators to gather evidence as they build their cases. Persons with law
degrees sometimes find employment as an investigator.!
!
Journalist
Lawyers work throughout the journalism industry – writing for newspapers,
reporting on television news programs, and blogging on the Internet. Many
journalism outlets have publications or broadcasts that are devoted entirely to
legal matters. While you do not have to be a lawyer to be a journalist, a lawyer’s
writing, analytical, and investigative training are very helpful to becoming a
journalist.!
!
Judge
The most prominent job in the U.S. judicial system is that of a judge. A judge is a
public official who is authorized to decide cases or issues brought before the
court. While almost all judges are lawyers, becoming a judge straight out of law
school is very rare. Most judges worked as lawyers prior to becoming judges.!
!
Law Enforcement
Some persons with law degrees choose to pursue a career in law enforcement at
the Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration
(DEA), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), and Department of
Homeland Security (DHS). Law enforcement jobs include front-line police
officers, border and customs enforcement, and immigration enforcement, as well
as behind-the-scenes legal and policy support for law enforcement work. !
!
!
!
!29
!
Law Professor
The vast majority of law school professors are graduates of law school.
Professors’ main responsibilities are teaching classes, publishing research
papers, and other scholarship.!
!
Lobbyist
A lobbyist is a person who tries to influence legislation and/or other government
decisions on behalf of a special interest or a member of a lobby. Some of the
major lobbies include trade unions such as the teachers union or the truckers
union, the oil and gas industry, the National Rifle Association, and the billboard
industry.!
!
Politician (elected or appointed)
Lawyers are found throughout the national government. The current President
and Vice President are lawyers, the Supreme Court is composed of lawyers, and
the majority leader of the Senate is a lawyer along with well over 100 other
members of the Congress. In addition to being represented in high profile
positions in the government, lawyers work as staff members of nearly every
agency, committee, and organization within the government. !
!
Prosecutor
A prosecutor is a lawyer who works for the government and tries criminal cases
on behalf of the people in that state. Prosecutors may be elected or appointed. !
!
Policy Analyst
Policy analysts evaluate different policy alternatives to determine which of the
various alternatives will best achieve a given set of goals in light of the relations
between the policies and the goals. They play an important role by attempting to
analyze solutions to social problems in an objective way, without representing
any particular side. Policy analysts sometimes work within the government, but
they can also be employed by private organizations or on an independent basis.!
!
!
!
!
!30
!
WHAT IS POLICY?
You, your classmates, and your teacher will examine and discuss policy.
Your teacher may ask you for definitions of the word “policy.” A strong
policy statement should recognize a social problem, reflect the different
interests involved in resolving the problem, and propose a solution to the
problem. First, read the scenario below for which a policy or policy
!
The city of Gordito has an obesity problem. A growing number of young people
in Gordito are overweight and suffering from diabetes. Data shows that young
people are eating unhealthy foods at home and at school. Yummy Snacks, Inc.
is a local company that provides sugary and salty snack foods for vending
machines in Gordito’s public schools and public buildings. Yummy Snacks
employs 100 local residents, has been headquartered in Gordito for 20 years,
and contributes a significant amount of tax revenue to the city and state. The
company has developed a new line of health food snacks, although the health
food line is its least profitable line. !
!
Sample policy statement #1: To improve the health of Gordito’s children, the city
council will only contract with a company that provides healthy food snacks in
vending machines of all public buildings, including public schools. Effective
immediately, there will be no more unhealthy snacks in public vending machines.!
!
Sample policy statement #2: To ensure that Yummy Snacks remains in Gordito,
continues to employ 100 of the city’s residents, and continues to contribute a
significant tax stream to the city and state, the city council will allow Yummy
Snacks to continue stocking the vending machines with whatever products are
most profitable for the company. However, the city council will require Yummy
snacks to contribute 1% of its profits to create an educational campaign about
healthy eating. !
!
Sample policy statement #3: To balance the interests of Yummy Snacks, Inc.
with the concern about the rise in obesity, the city council will target the obese
residents of Gordito and require them to participate in a government-run healthy
eating program. !
!
!
!31
!
EXERCISE 2 - HOW IS POLICY IMPLEMENTED?
Your instructor will divide the class into small groups of 5-10. The groups should
quickly review the positions listed in Exhibit 1. Next review Exercise 2 (“Not in
My Backyard!”) as a group. Then, as a group, select four different positions from
Exhibit 1 and decide what those four positions can do to resolve the controversial
social problem presented in Exercise 1. Use Exhibit 2 to take notes. Finally,
each group should devise a two-three sentence policy statement for the City of
Centralia. Select one of the members of your group to report to the class.!
!
“Not In My Backyard!”
Description of the controversial social problem:
Council member Frank P. Yew has introduced legislation proposing that
the City of Centralia contract with Acme Rubbish Services to accept trash
from a neighboring state. This trash would be housed on a tract of land
that is located in Centralia, but currently sits vacant and far from any
residential or commercial real estate. The contract would bring millions of
dollars to Centralia and would produce a number of jobs as well.
However, Centralia residents are very concerned about the trash seeping
into the water supply, and they have other concerns about the
environmental effects of the trash.!
!
!
!
!
!32
!
Your task:
What role do you think a person with a law degree can play in resolving
this dispute? Keep in mind that a lawyer generally represents the interest
of one particular client. Each group should select four different roles from
the list of positions in Exhibit 1. The four roles should be people who are
well-positioned to solve this problem. Create a policy statement outlining
how the city council should address the trash importation. !
!
One member of each group should be prepared to read the policy
statement and to explain what role each of the four different types of
lawyers can play in carrying out your policy (Exhibit 3). The policy
statement should be short (no more than 2-3 sentences), clear, and
responsive to the issue. A strong policy statement should: recognize a
social problem, reflect the different interests involved in resolving the
problem, and propose a solution to the problem. Each student should
keep his or her own notes on the matrix provided in Exhibit 2.!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!33
EXHIBIT 2: Matrix for “Not in My Backyard”
!
STUDENT’S NAME: ___________________________________________!
!
Complete the worksheet “Not in My Backyard.” Your instructor will collect your
completed worksheet to see whether you have followed along with the group’s
process of writing a policy statement.!
!
!
!
ROLE !
(for example,
lobbyist)
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
CLIENT !
OPINIONS OF THE ROLE !
(whose interests does (for example, a lobbyist hired by
the position
Acme Rubbish Services would
represent?)
argue that Acme would bring jobs
and other revenue to Centralia)
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!34
!
EXHIBIT 3 WRITE THE FINAL POLICY STATEMENT FOR THE GROUP:
________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________!
!
!
!
!
!35
!
EXERCISE 3: WHO GETS TO PLAY BALL?
There are nine players on the “Lawyers Hit Homeruns” softball team. Using the
list from Exhibit 1, your task is to figure out who will be on the team. !
!
· Cameron the Compliance Officer cannot play on the team because he has
·
·
·
a back injury. !
Eleanor the Entrepreneur will play, but only if her friend Larry the Lobbyist
also plays. !
No one who prosecutes, defends, or investigates criminals can play on the
team. !
Jorge the Judge must play, but he doesn’t want Jaime the Journalist or
Pilar the Politician to play. !
!
!
The best way to approach this is as follows:!
STEP 1!
Determine your basic diagramming approach. In this case, pull out
your list of positions from Exhibit 1. !
STEP 2!
Allow your diagram to evolve as you consider specific rules. In
other words, don’t be afraid to make changes to the list of nine
names.!
STEP 3!
Restate all rules in or around your diagram as pictures or symbols.
So, for example, you can cross out positions from Exhibit 1 that
don’t fit the rules, put check marks next to positions that must be
included, and put question marks next to those that might fit. !
STEP 4!
Ask yourself, "What else, if anything, can I deduce?”!
!
!
!
!
!
!36
!
List the nine members of the team here:!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
_______________________________________!
!
!
!
!
!37
LESSON #4: Law-Related Skills
!
“It’s not that I’m so smart,
it’s just that I stay with problems longer.”
–Albert Einstein
!
In Lesson 4, you will learn to read a factual pattern, discern the competing
interests, and make arguments for both sides. You will also learn about essential
“lawyering” skills. !
!
There are three main parts to this lesson. !
What are the basic lawyering skills? !
· Part One!
What are factual scenarios?!
· Part Two!
· Part Three! Who/What are the competing interests? !
!
You will need the exercises in this lesson, a writing utensil, and paper.!
!
WHAT ARE THE BASIC LAWYERING SKILLS?
According to the Center for Legal Aid Education “new” lawyers require advocacy
skills such as:!
!
!
·
·
·
·
·
·
interviewing!
case planning !
problem-solving!
oral advocacy !
bargaining and negotiation, and !
trial skills!
Additionally the organization further suggests introducing “`new’ lawyers to the
underlying values of legal services practice including client empowerment,
access to equal justice, access to justice, high quality representation, valuing
diversity, building an effective work environment and multi-forum advocacy.” !
!
!
!
!
!
!
!38
WHAT ARE FACTUAL SCENARIOS?
!
Factual scenarios are a sequence of possible events or a set of circumstances
that present accurate information. After you have been assigned a role to play,
read the scenario and discuss within your group the questions pertaining to your
situation at the bottom of the page. You may also consider questions other than
the ones at the end of each scenario.!
!
Scenario A - Zoe Marmashian and Kamar Modem’s Pre-Nuptial Agreement!
!
Two young lovebirds, Zoe Marmashian and Kamar Modem, plan to marry. Zoe
comes from a large and successful family; she is part owner of a successful
clothing boutique. Kamar Modem is a famous athlete who has a promising
career. Zoe has two children from a previous relationship. Kamar’s agent
Jimmie Money insists that Kamar sign a pre-nuptial agreement before marrying
Zoe. A pre-nuptial agreement is a legal contract describing who gets what in the
event of a divorce. The attorneys for both Zoe and Kamar should decide whether
a pre-nuptial is necessary and, if so, what should be included in the document.!
!
Roles: !
Zoe Marmashian!
Kamar Modem!
Jimmie Money!
attorney for Zoe Marmashian!
attorney for Kamar Modem!
!
Questions to consider: !
· Should Zoe and Kamar create a pre-nuptial agreement? Why or why not?!
· Who would benefit from a pre-nuptial agreement?!
· What terms would Zoe want in the agreement and what terms would
Kamar want?!
!
!
!
!
!
!39
!
Scenario B - Zoe Marmashian’s Copyright Filing!
!
Zoe Marmashian is very upset at her boyfriend Kamar Modem’s ex-wife Angela,
who refuses to grant him a divorce. Zoe sets up a Website to sell t-shirts that
have questionable slogans on them such as “Move On, Sista” and “He’s my man
now!” Angela is very upset when she discovers the Website, especially since
Kamar hasn’t been helping her out financially. The t-shirts sell like hotcakes, and
Zoe wants to make sure no one steals her idea and tries to profit from her efforts.
Zoe asks her attorney whether she can protect her Website and t-shirts from
being copied. She believes her freedom of speech and right to engage in
business transactions should protect her expression against Angela and also her
business venture.!
!
Roles: !
Zoe Marmashian!
Attorney for Zoe Marmashian !
Angela Modem!
Attorney for Angela!
Attorney from the U.S. Copyright Office !
!
Questions to consider:!
· What is Zoe trying to protect?!
· From whom is she trying to protect these items?!
· What does she need to do, if anything, to protect these items?!
· Should Angela get anything out of this situation? If so, what?!
!
!
!
!
!
!40
!
Background (excerpted from the FAQ sheet from the U.S. Copyright Office’s Website):!
!
What does copyright protect?
Copyright, a form of intellectual property law, protects original works of
authorship including literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, such as poetry,
novels, movies, songs, computer software, and architecture. Copyright does not
protect facts, ideas, systems, or methods of operation, although it may protect
the way these things are expressed. See Circular 1, Copyright Basics, section
"What Works Are Protected." !
!
Can I copyright my Website?
The original authorship appearing on a Website may be protected by copyright.
This includes writings, artwork, photographs, and other forms of authorship
protected by copyright. Procedures for registering the contents of a Website may
be found in Circular 66, Copyright Registration for Online Works. !
!
Can I copyright my domain name?
Copyright law does not protect domain names. The Internet Corporation for
Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), a nonprofit organization that has
assumed the responsibility for domain name system management, administers
the assignation of domain names through accredited registers.!
!
How do I copyright a name, title, slogan or logo?
Copyright does not protect names, titles, slogans, or short phrases. In some
cases, these things may be protected as trademarks. Contact the U.S. Patent &
Trademark Office, 800-786-9199, for further information. However, copyright
protection may be available for logo artwork that contains sufficient authorship. In
some circumstances, an artistic logo may also be protected as a trademark. !
!
How do I protect my idea?
Copyright does not protect ideas, concepts, systems, or methods of doing
something. You may express your ideas in writing or drawings and claim
copyright in your description, but be aware that copyright will not protect the idea
itself as revealed in your written or artistic work. !
!
!
!
!
!41
Does my work have to be published to be protected?
Publication is not necessary for copyright protection. !
!
SOURCE: U.S. Copyright Office Website, http://www.copyright.gov/help/faq/faqprotect.html (last visited on April 23, 2010)!
!
!
!
!
!42
!
Scenario C - Litany’s Child Custody Dispute!
!
Litany Freers has two sons named Mike and Ike with her ex-husband Chubs.
They share joint custody of their children such that the children spend one week
with Litany and one week with Chubs. They split holidays as well. Litany is a
wealthy woman who pays spousal support to Chubs, and she never misses any
payments. Unfortunately, Litany is having some troubles with the law; she keeps
getting arrested for erratic driving and for public indecency. She makes bail
every time and is released from police custody. Litany also has been exhibiting
erratic behavior such as suddenly shaving all the hair off her head and making
sexual comments to complete strangers. She has been photographed with her
children sitting in the backseat of her SUV without seatbelts on, but she has not
been involved in any accidents. She says she loves her children more than
anything in the world. Chubs fears for the safety of their sons and wants sole
custody of them. !
!
Roles: !
Litany Freers!
Chubs Freers!
Attorney for Chubs !
Attorney for Litany!
Family court judge !
!
Questions to Consider:!
· What is in the best interest of the children Mike and Ike?!
· Why does Litany want custody of the children?!
· Why does Chubs want custody of the children?!
· Is there a fair compromise for the parents that also balances the best
interests of the children?!
· Would you be willing to make a ruling in favor of one of the parents based
solely on these facts? !
· What else would you want to know about the parents that would help you
make a ruling for either side?!
!
!
!
!
!43
!
Scenario D - Isabel’s Immigration Dilemma !
Isabel Fernandez is a senior in high school. She is the valedictorian of her high
school class and scored in the top 20th percentile on the SAT (scholastic
aptitude test) Reasoning Test. She would like to attend college, but in the
process of completing her Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) form
discovers that her parents do not have a social security number for her. Because
she was born in Mexico and her parents are undocumented workers in the
United States, she is also an undocumented person. Isabel has lived in the U.S.
since the age of three. All her family and friends live in the U.S. She has not
returned to Mexico since her family left, and she doesn’t remember anything
about her first three years of life. Despite Isabel’s outstanding academic record,
she does not participate in any extracurricular activities because she often has to
work before and after school to help support her family. Isabel applies to State
U., the public university in the state in which she resides, and is denied
admission. This school is her first choice and she believes she was not admitted
because of her immigration status.!
!
Roles: !
Isabel Fernandez!
Parents of Isabel Fernandez!
Immigration attorney representing Isabel !
General Counsel (head lawyer) of State U.!
President of State U.!
!
Questions to consider:!
· What does Isabel want?!
· Based on the facts, what will Isabel be able to do if her wishes are
granted?!
· Do you think Isabel’s goals are legitimate? Why or why not?!
· If State U. gives Isabel what she wants, will anyone else be harmed? If
so, who?!
· Should your immigration status prohibit you from attaining a higher
education? Assuming the law says yes, is this fair to Isabel?!
· Is Isabel or her parents at fault for neglecting Isabel’s immigrant status for
so long?!
!
!
!
!
!
!44
!
!
EXERCISE 1: Evaluation of Problem-Solving Activity
!
Name___________________________________________________________!
!
After completing the group activity, finish this worksheet for the scenario to which
you were assigned. The purpose is to see that there are valid arguments for
each side.!
_______________________________ v. ______________________________!
!
ARGUMENTS FOR PLAINTIFF!
ARGUMENTS FOR DEFENDANT !
1
2
3
4
5
!
!
!
!
!
!45
In your view, what is the best resolution of this dispute? Offer at least three
reasons for your conclusion.!
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________!
________________________________________________________________!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!46
LESSON #5
!
“Choose a job you love and you
will never have to work a day in your life.”
--Confucius
!
This lesson will tie together why, how, and what of law to ensure you understand
the major concepts related to why to go to law school, how to get to law school,
and what career options exist for lawyers.!
!
There are four parts to this lesson:!
Review of appendices from Lessons 1-3 !
· Part One!
“Jeopardy” game!
· Part Two!
· Part Three! “Let’s Hit the Road!” Logic Game!
Session wrap-up!
· Part Four!
For this lesson, you will need a writing utensil. Your instructor will supply you
with colored card stock. You will also need:!
• Exhibit 1A from Lesson 1!
• Exhibit 1 from Lesson 2!
• Exhibit 1 from Lesson 3!
• Exhibit 2 from Lesson 5 !
REVIEW OF LESSONS 1 -3
Think back over the past lessons, specifically lessons 1, 2, and 3. Then look at
the questions below, which are meant to spur discussion. Your instructor will
lead you in this discussion.!
·
Explain three things a person needs to do to go to law school.!
·
What is a lawyer?!
·
What are some of the jobs that a lawyer can have?!
·
How do lawyers help solve problems?!
·
Will extracurricular activities help get you into law school?!
·
What is the LSAT?!
·
Is a pre-law curriculum required to attend law school?!
·
What are some of the ways law affects our daily life? !
!
!
!47
!
EXERCISE 1 - “JEOPARDY” GAME
The “Jeopardy” game is an opportunity for you to integrate the information
learned in previous lessons. You will be assigned to a group by your instructor.
One of the students in your group will hold the neon-colored piece of card stock
given to your group. The rules for the “Jeopardy” game are as follows: !
1) When your instructor calls out a question, only the person holding the piece of
card stock may raise the card to indicate that the group has the correct question.
The first group to raise its card will have 10 seconds to “give the question.” !
2) When you correctly "give the question" your team will win points equal to the
value of the question and can pick the next category. !
3) If your answer is incorrect or if you take longer than 10 seconds, the instructor
will call on the group that raised its card second. Each team will have 10
seconds to form the question. !
4) Each team will have equal chances since after a team "gives the question,"
the next team in the rotation will choose the next answer. If a team incorrectly
gives an answer, the next team may elect to answer that question or pass and
choose a new question. !
5) There will be no Daily Double questions. There are three categories of questions for this “Jeopardy” game that your
instructor has placed on a PowerPoint Presentation: !
!
!
!
· Why Law?!
· How Law?!
· What Law?!
!
!
!
!
!48
EXERCISE 2 “LET’S HIT THE ROAD!” LOGIC REASONING GAME
During this logic reasoning game exercise, you will be asked to understand a
system of relationships and to draw conclusions about those relationships. Four
of the following people have been invited to join the instructor on a road trip.
Using your handouts and the rules below, select the correct individuals.!
PEOPLE WHO WANT TO GO ON THE ROAD TRIP
High school graduate
President Barack
Obama
employed law school
graduate
Fred Thompson
Nina Zagat!
Justice Sonia
Sotomayor
Star Jones
politician
screenwriter
!
RULES!
· Everyone on the trip earns more than $30,000 per year.!
· Everyone on the trip must have taken the LSAT exam to be where they
are today.!
· There must be at least two women on the road trip.!
· There may be no more than one current or former politician on the road
trip.!
· There may be no one in the entertainment industry on the trip. !
· Everyone on the trip has had to complete the FAFSA form at least once.!
· President Obama must be on the trip.!
!
!
!
!
!
!49
The best way to approach this is as follows:!
STEP 1 !
Determine your basic diagramming approach. You’re going to start
with the list of nine potential road trippers to cross them out one
by one by applying the rules. In order to apply the rules, you’ll need
to pull out your Exercise 1A from Lesson 1, Exercise 1 from Lesson
2, and Exercise 1 from Lesson 3. !
STEP 2!
Allow your diagram to evolve as you consider specific rules. In !
other ! words, don’t be afraid to erase and make changes as !needed.!
STEP 3!
Restate all rules in or around your diagram as pictures or symbols. !
So, for example, you can cross out people from your list that !don’t ! fit the
rules, put check marks next to or circle people who must be ! included, and
put question marks next to those that might fit. !
STEP 4!
Ask yourself, "What else, if anything, can I deduce?"!
!
!
!
!
List the four people on the road trip: !
!
_______________________________________!
_______________________________________!
_______________________________________!
_______________________________________!
!
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!
!
!
!
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!
!50
!
SESSION WRAP-UP
!
Your instructor will review the answers to the logic reasoning game (see above)
and the process for arriving at the correct answers. Additionally the instructor will
explain the importance of logical reasoning as a lawyering skill and ways to
improve logical reasoning skills (Philosophy classes, playing games such as
Sudoku, etc.).!
!
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!51
REFERENCES
!
!
Adams and Reese LLP Mentoring and Scholarship Opportunities.http://
www.adamsandreese.com !
(accessed June 22, 2010 – November 12, 2010). !
!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
Arkansas Bar Association, The. http://www.arkbar.com !
!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
!
!
!52
!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
!
!
!
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!53
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
!
!
!
!54
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
Fraser Stryker Diversity Scholarship Program. http://www.fraserstryker.com !
!
Fresh Lifelines for Youth, Inc. (F.L.Y.). http://www.freshlifelinesforyouth.com !
!
Future In Learning Law. http:///www.wmitchell.edu/services/multicultural/programs.html !
!
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!
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!
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!
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!
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!
!
!
!
!
!55
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!
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!
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!
High School Mock Trial Program. http://www.oregonlawfoundation.org/contact.html !
!
High School Outreach Project. http://www.calbar.ca.gov/ !
!
High School Pipeline Program. http://www.gabar.org !
!
Hispanic National Bar Foundation’s Future Latino Leaders Law Camp. http://
www.hnbf.org !
!
HNBA/NMHBA Education and Mentorship Programs. !
http://idu1.com/nmhba/educationmentorship.html !
!
Howard Marshall Brennan Constitutional Literacy Project. !
http://www.law.howard.edu/equaljusticeprogram !
!
Idaho Law Foundation. http://www2.state.id.us/isb/gen/lre.htm !
!
In Legal Color. http://www.inlegalcolor.org !
!
InSight PreLaw Program. http://www.insightprelaw.org !
!
Iowa Center for Law & Civic Education. !
http://www.iowabar.org/Centerfo.nsf/$about!OpenAbout!
!
!
!
!56
!
Job Shadow Day. http://www.jobshadow.org !
!
Job Shadowing Program. http://www.nelegaldiversity.org !
!
Judiciary History Center of Hawaii, The. http://www.jhchawaii.org !
!
Just the Beginning Foundation. http://www.jtbf.org !
!
Just the Beginning Foundation - Chicago Summer Legal Institute. http://www.jtbf.org !
!
Just the Beginning Foundation - Indianapolis Summer Legal Institute. http://www.jtbf.org !
!
Just the Beginning Foundation - Twin Cities Summer Legal Institute. http://www.jtbf.org !
!
Just the Beginning Foundation – Washington, DC Summer Legal Institute. http://
www.jtbf.org !
!
Kentucky Administrative Office of the Courts !
http://www.kycourts.net/AOC/YFC/AOC_YFC.shtm !
!
Law and Leadership Institute, The, LLC. http://www.lawandleadership.org/ !
!
Law and Society Program. http://www.scs.georgetown.edu/programs/110/summerprograms-for-high-school-students-law-and- society !
!
Law Day. http://www.mbf.org/whatis.htm !
!
!
!
!
!57
Law Day. https://law.pepperdine.edu/ !
!
Law Day. http://www.tjsl.edu !
!
Law Exploration Day. http://culaw.creighton.edu !
!
Law High. http://cwsl.edu !
!
Law-Related Education. http://www.okbar.org !
!
Law-Related Education. http://www.inbar.org !
!
Law-Related Education Center.
!
http://www.montanabar.org/displaycommon.cfm?an=1&subarticlenbr=186 !
!
Law-Related Education Department of the State Bar of Texas. !
http://www.texaslre.org/index.html !
!
Law-Related Education Program. http://www.gabar.org/law-related_education
!
Law, Youth & Citizenship Program. http://www.lycny.org !
!
Learning Law and Democracy Foundation. http://www.civicallyspeaking.org !
!
Legal Education Access Project. http://www.uke.edu/Law !
!
Legal Education and Participation (LEAP). !
http://www.law.temple.edu/servlet/RetrievePage?site=TempleLaw&page=Centers_Leap !
!
!
!
!58
!
Legal Education and Participation - Kids (LEAP) http://www.leap-kids.com/ !
!
Legal Outreach College Bound Program. !
http://www.legaloutreach.mediaspa.com/index.cfm?cntid=5 !
!
Louisiana Center for Law and Civic Education, Inc. http://www.lalce.org !
!
Loyola Chicago Street Law Program. http://www.abanet.org/pipelinediversity/list
!
Maine Law & Civics Education. http://www.mainelaw.usm.maine.edu/mlce/ !
!
Marshall-Brennan Constitutional Literacy Project. http://www.wcl.american.edu/
marshallbrennan !
!
Marshall-Brennan Constitutional Literacy Project. !
http://www.northeastern.edu/law/academics/institutes/marshall-brennan.html
!
Massachusetts Bar Association. http://www.massbar.org !
!
MBA Legal Opportunities Education Program. http://www.milwbar.org !
!
Michigan Center for Civic Education. http://www.miciviced.org !
!
Minority Law Day. http://www.law.campbell.edu !
!
!
Minority Law Day. http://www.pabar.org/minorityhome.shtml !
!
!
!
!
!59
Minority Pre-Law Symposium. http://www.stmarytx.edu/law.index.php?
site=preLawSymposium !
!
Mississippi Bar, The. http://www.msbar.org !
!
Missouri Bar, The. http://www.mobar.org/teach/index.htm !
!
Montana YMCA Youth and Government. !
http://www.butteymca.com/Youth_Legislature/Files/Elected_Youth_Officials.html
!
Multnomah Bar Association School Outreach Program. http://www.mbabar.org/
!
NALP & Street Law Firm Diversity Pipeline Program. http://www.nalp.org !
!
National Association for Urban Debate Leagues. http://www.urbandebate.org!
!
National Association of Women Judges Color of Justice. http://nawj.org !
!
National Bar Association’s Crump Law Camp. http://www.nationalbar.org/lawcamp/
index.shtml !
!
National High School Mock Trial Championship. http://www.nationalmocktrial.org !
!
National Minority Law Student Recruitment Month. !
http://www.law.lclark.edu/dept/lawac/mocktrial2005.html!
!
National Student Leadership Conference Law & Advocacy. http://www.nslcleaders.org/
youth-leadership-programs/law-advocacy/ !
!
!
!
!
!60
NAWJ Color of Justice—Alaska. http://www.courts.alaska.gov/outreach.htm#coj
!
NAWJ Color of Justice – Georgia. http://www.gabar.org/law-related_education/
!
NCBA Law School Admissions Conference. http://www.med.unc.edu !
!
Nebraska State Bar Foundation. http://www.nebarfnd.org !
!
Nevada Center for LRE. http://www.nvbar.org !
!
New Hampshire Bar Association. http://www.nhbar.org !
!
New Jersey Center for Civic and Law-Related Education. http://civiced.rutgers.edu/
index.htm !
!
New Jersey Law and Education Empowerment Project (NJ LEEP). http://
www.njleep.org !
!
New Mexico Center for Democracy and Civic Education. http://www.cdce.org !
!
North Carolina Civic Education Consortium. http://www.civics.org !
!
Northern Kentucky University Chase Multicultural Law Academy. !
http://www.chaselaw.nku.edu/ !
!
!
Office of Judicial Administration. http://www.kscourts.org !
!
!
!
!
!61
Office of the Attorney General, State of Arkansas. http://www/arkansasAG.gov
!
Ohio Center for Law-Related Education. http://www.oclre.org !
!
Oliver Hill/Samuel Tucker Pre-Law Institute. http://vsb.org!
!
Oregon Classroom Law Project. http://www.classroomlaw.org !
!
Pacific Pathways Pipeline Program. http://www.mcgeorge.edu/x1599.xml !
!
Passageways to the Law. http://www.law.utah.edu !
!
Pathways to Law. http://www.law.tulane.edu !
!
Pennsylvania Law Day. http://www.pabar.org/public/education/lawday/
09ldinformation.asp !
!
Project Citizen. http://www.wisbar.org/AM/Template.cfm?
Section=Law_related_education!
!
Public Legal Education Program -- Street Law. http://www.nccu.edu/law !
!
Rhode Island Children's Crusade. http://www.childrenscrusade.org !
!
Richard A. Soden Law and Justice Scholarship Fund. http://www.goodwinprocter.com !
!
Salt Lake Community College Annual Hispanic/Latino High School Conference.
http://www.law.utah.edu !
!
!
!
!
!62
!
San Diego County Mock Trial Competition. http://www.sdcba.org/ !
(accessed June 22, 2010 – ovember 12, 2010). !
!
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StudentLIfePublicInteresttheProBonoPRrogram/YouthMentoringPrograms.aspx!
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!
Sandy Rios, Co-Coordinator. http://www.civiced.org !
!
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!
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!
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!
!
South Texas College of Law Community Outreach Program. http://www.stcl.edu
!
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!
State Bar of Georgia High School Program. http://www.gabar.org/law-related_education/ !
!
!
State Bar of Nevada. http://www.nvbar.org!
!
State Bar of Texas. http://www.texaslre.org !
!
Statewide Mock Trial Competition. http://www.pabar.org/yldstatewidemock.shtml
!
!
!
!
!63
Stephanie Tubbs Jones Summer Legal Academy. http://www.clemetrobar.org/
!
Street Law, Constitutional Literacy Program. http://www.upenn.edu !
!
Street Law, Inc. http://www.streetlaw.org !
!
Street Law, Michigan State University College of Law. http://www.msu.edu!
!
Summer Internship Program. http://www.goodwinprocter.com !
!
Summer Law Institute. http://www.law.louisville.edu !
!
Summer Law Intern Program. http://www.dallasbar.org !
!
Summer Legal Fellowship Program. http://www.youthlawworks.org !
!
Summer Program for High School Students. http://www.ce.columbia.edu/Contact/PreApplication-and-General-Questions!
!
Supreme Court LIVE. http://www.courts.alaska.gov/outreach.htm#scl !
!
Teen Law College. http://www.valpo.edu/law/teenlaw !
!
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!
Tennessee Institute for Pre-law. http://www.law.memphis.edu/admissions/tipnew.htm !
!
Tennessee Legal Community Foundation. http://www.tba.org/tncivics !
!
!
!
!64
!
Tennessee Youth Court Program. http://www.tba.org/index.php !
!
Thurgood Marshall Academy Public Charter School. !
http://www.thurgoodmarshallacademy.org/index.html!
!
!
!
!
!
!65
!
University of Chicago Summer Programs. https://summer.uchicago.edu/insight.cfm#1!
!
University of Oregon Street Law Program, The. http://www.law.uoregon.edu/org/street/ !
!
University of South Dakota School of Law Diversity Initiatives. http://www.usd.edu/law/ !
!
University of Texas School of Law's Law Academy, The. http://www.utexas.edu/law/ !
!
Urban Alliance Internship Program. http://www.arnaldporter.com !
!
Utah Law-Related Education Project. http://www.lawrelatededucation.org !
!
Vermont Bar Association Center for Public Education. www.vtbar.org !
!
Wake Forest University School of Law Diversity Day. http://law.wfu.edu !
!
Walton Law Group Internship Program. http://www.walton-group.com !
!
Washington University Law Exposure and Professionalism Strategies (LEAPS).!
http://www.wulaw.wustl.edu/faculty_profiles/index.asp?id=5712 !
!
Washington Youth for Justice Program. http://www.justice.gov !
!
We the People. http://www.indiana.edu/~lre/; !
http://www.inbar.org/content/communityor/communityor.asp !
!
We the People. http://www.sdhumanities.org//index.php !
!
!
!
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!
We the People: The Citizen and The Constitution. http://civiced.org !
!
We the People: The Citizen and The Constitution. !
http://www.wisbar.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Law_related_education !
!
West Virginia State Bar. http://www.wvbar.org !
!
William Mitchell College of Law Future in Learning Law (FILL). !
http://www.wmitchell.edu/services/multicultural/FILL.html !
(accessed June 22, 2010 November 12, 2010). !
!
Wisconsin Mock Trial Tournament. !
http://www.wisbar.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Law_related_education !
!
Wisconsin State Bar. www.legalexplorer.com !
!
Wyoming Partnership for Civic Education. http://ahc.uwyo.edu/eduoutreach/wypce/
!
Youth Law Fair. http://www.dcbar.org/sections !
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If you have information to be added to the DIRECTORY or if you have
corrections or suggestions, please send them to:!
cleo@abanet.org!
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Council on Legal Education Opportunity!
1101 Mercantile Lane!
Suite 294!
Largo, Maryland 20774!
240-582-8600 (Phone) * 240-582-8605 (Fax)!
www.cledivercitynetwork.org • cleo@abanet.org • www.cleoscholars.org
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!68

Student Workbook

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