Orthopaedic Sports Medicine

Transcription

Delee & Drez’s
Orthopaedic
Sports Medicine
http://www.us.elsevierhealth.com/product.jsp?isbn=9781416031437&elsca1=doodys&elsca2=PDF&elsca3=DeLee9781416031437&elsca4=frontmatter
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Delee & Drez’s
Orthopaedic
Sports Medicine
Principles and Practice
Third Edition
Volume ❷
Jesse C. DeLee, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
Director, Orthopedic Sports Medicine Fellowship
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
San Antonio, Texas
David Drez, Jr., MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopaedics
Louisiana State University School of Medicine
New Orleans
Medical Director of Sports Medicine
McNeese State University
Lake Charles Memorial Hospital
Lake Charles, Louisiana
Mark D. Miller, MD
S. Ward Casscells Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Head, Division of Sports Medicine
University of Virginia
Charlottesville
Adjunctive Clinical Professor and Team Physician
James Madison University
Harrisonburg, Virginia
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899
DeLee and Drez’s Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
Copyright © 2010, 2003, 1994 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
ISBN: 978-1-4160-3143-7
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
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Notice
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment, and drug therapy may become necessary or
appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures
featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered to verify the recommended
dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on his or her own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make
diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all
appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the publisher nor the editors
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to
any use of the material contained in this book.
The Publisher
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
DeLee & Drez’s orthopaedic sports medicine: principles and practice/[edited by] Jesse C. DeLee,
David Drez, Mark D. Miller. –3rd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4160-3143-7
1. Sports injuries. 2. Orthopedic emergencies. 3. Sports medicine. I. DeLee, Jesse. II. Drez, David.
III. Miller, Mark D. IV. Title: Orthopaedic sports medicine. V. Title: DeLee and Drez’s orthopaedic
sports medicine.
[DNLM: 1. Athletic Injuries. 2. Orthopedics. 3. Sports Medicine. QT 261 D346 2009]
RD97.078 2009
617.1’027–dc22
2007049536
Acquisitions Editor: Daniel Pepper
Developmental Editor: Cathy Carroll
Publishing Services Manager: Tina K. Rebane
Project Manager: Jodi Kaye
Design Direction: Steve Stave
Printed in China.
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
We dedicate this edition of our book—
to our wives, Ann and Judy; to our children, Alexis, Elizabeth, Fredericka, Susan, Catherine, and David
III; to our grandchildren, Dagmar, Jeffrey, Lizzie, Katy, Caroline, James David, David IV, Phillip, and
Patrick, who have had the patience and love to tolerate us throughout the years and make our efforts
worthwhile. We are also deeply indebted to the many athletic trainers, coaches, and athletes we have had
the privilege to work with over the years.
Jesse DeLee and David Drez, Jr.
to my children, Mike, Matt, Mason, and Missy, all athletes in their own right; and to the athletes, certified
athletic trainers, coaches, and fellow sideline wanderers with whom I have the honor to serve...thank you!
Mark Miller
C o n t r i b u t o r s
Karim Abdollahi, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Loma Linda
University Medical Center, Loma Linda; Orthopedic
Surgeon, South Coast Medical Center, Laguna Beach,
California
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Shafeeq Ahmed, MD
Hospitalist, Cardiovascular Services, Hartford Hospital,
Hartford, Connecticut
Management of Hypertension in Athletes
Mir Haroon Ali, MD, PhD
Resident, Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester,
Minnesota
Heterotopic Bone Around the Elbow
David B. Allen, MD
Professor of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of
Medicine and Public Health; Director of Endocrinology
and Endocrine Fellowship Training, American Family
Children’s Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin
Diabetes Mellitus
Louis C. Almekinders, MD
Attending Surgeon and Cofounder, North Carolina
Orthopaedic Clinic, Durham, North Carolina
Physiology of Injury to Musculoskeletal Structures
Annunziato Amendola, MD
Professor and Director of the University of Iowa Sports
Medicine Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and
Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
Leg Pain and Exertional Compartment Syndromes;
Stress Fractures of the Leg
James R. Andrews, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Alabama Sports Medicine Center,
Birmingham, Alabama
Throwing Injuries in the Adult
Robert A. Arciero, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of
Connecticut Health Center, Framingham, Connecticut
Sports Medicine Terminology
April Armstrong, MD, MSc, FRCSC
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Milton
S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
The Female Athlete
Robert E. Atkinson, MD
Associate Professor and Division Chief, Department
of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Hawaii
John A. Burns School of Medicine, and Program
Director, University of Hawaii Residency Program;
Associate, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu,
Hawaii
Athletic Injuries of the Adult Hand
Geoffrey S. Baer, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of
Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin Medical
School, Madison, Wisconsin
Tendon Injuries of the Foot and Ankle
Roald Bahr, MD, PhD
Chair, Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre, Oslo, Norway
Preventing Hamstring Strains
Sue D. Barber-Westin, BS
Director, Clinical and Applied Research, Cincinnati
Sportsmedicine Research and Education Foundation,
Cincinnati, Ohio
High Tibial Osteotomy in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Deficient
Knee with Varus Angulation
Bryce Bederka, MD
The Bone and Joint Clinic, Portland, Oregon
Leg Pain and Exertional Compartment Syndromes;
J. Michael Bennett, MD
Clinical Instructor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Sports Medicine, and Arthoscopy, University of Texas
at Houston; Orthopedic Surgeon, Fondren Orthopedic
Group; Orthopedic Surgeon, Texas Orthopedic
Hospital, Houston, Texas
Vascular Problems of the Shoulder
Thomas M. Best, MD, PhD
Professor and Pomerene Chair in Family Medicine; Chief,
Division of Sports Medicine; Director, Primary Care
Sports Medicine Fellowship, The OSU Sports Medicine
Center, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Physiology of Injury to Musculoskeletal Structures; Sudden Death in
Athletes: Causes, Screening Strategies, Use of Participation Guidelines,
and Treatment of Episodes
Bruce D. Beynnon, MS, PhD
Professor of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University
of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
Relevant Biomechanics of the Knee
vii
viii
Contributors
Mark J. Billante, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Greater Austin Orthopaedics,
Austin, Texas
Knee Replacement in Aging Athletes
Leslie Bonci, MPH, RD
Director of Sports Medicine Nutrition, Center for Sports
Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Nutrition for Sports
Andrew H. Borom, MD
Tallahassee Orthopedic Clinic, Tallahassee, Florida
Sports Shoes and Orthoses
James P. Bradley, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopedics, University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center; Director, Sports Medicine
Department, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Shadyside Hospital; Director, Sports Medicine
Department, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
St. Margaret Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Elbow Injuries in Children and Adolescents; Pediatric Elbow Fractures
and Dislocations
Barton R. Branam, MD
Physician, Ohio Valley Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine,
Cincinnati, Ohio
Allograft Tissues
Mark R. Brinker, MD
Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Baylor College of Medicine; Director, Acute and
Reconstructive Trauma Department, Texas Orthopedic
Hospital, Fondren Orthopedic Group, Houston,
Texas
Stephen F. Brockmeier, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Perry Orthopedics and Sports
Medicine, Charlotte, North Carolina
Meniscal Injuries
James W. Brodsky, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical School; Fellowship
Director, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
Stress Fractures of the Foot and Ankle
David E. Brown, MD
Clinical Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery,
University of Nebraska Medical Center; Surgeon,
OrthoWest, PC, Omaha, Nebraska
Sports Pharmacology: Ergogenic Drugs in Sports
Lauren Brown, BA
Research Assistant, Department of Orthopaedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington,
Vermont
Thomas E. Brown, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Physical Activity and Sports Participation after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Shawn M. Brubaker, DO
Staff, Shasta Orthopaedics and Sports Center, Redding,
California
Nathan Bruck, MD
Instructor, Tel Aviv University Medical School, Tel Aviv;
Attending Physician, Sheba Medical Center,
Tel-Hashomer, Israel
Joseph A. Buckwalter, MD
Professor and Head, Department of Orthopaedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Wayne Z. Burkhead, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Private Practice, Dallas, Texas
Impingement Lesions in Adult and Adolescent Athletes
Brian Busconi, MD
Associate Professor of Orthopaedics and Physical
Rehabilitation, University of Massachusetts Medical
School, Worcester, Massachusetts
Hip and Pelvis
Kenneth P. Butters, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Slocum Center for Orthopedics and
Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
Nerve Lesions of the Shoulder
S. Terry Canale, MD
Professor and Department Chair, University of
Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of
Orthopaedic Surgery; Staff Physician, Campbell Clinic,
Memphis, Tennessee
Osteochondroses and Related Problems of the Foot and Ankle
Robert C. Cantu, MD, FACS
Medical Director, National Center for Catastrophic
Sports Injury Research, University of North Carolina
Medical Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Chief
of Neurosurgery, Emerson Hospital, Concord,
Massachusetts
Head Injuries
Robert V. Cantu, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dartmouth
Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
Head Injuries
Chang-Hyuk Choi, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Hanyang University Medical School, Hanyang
University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
Injuries of the Proximal Humerus in Adults
Contributors
Luke Choi, MD
Orthopaedic Resident, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia
Overuse Injuries
Thomas O. Clanton, MD
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics,
University of Texas–Houston Medical School,
Houston, Texas
Sport Shoes and Orthoses; Etiology of Injury to the Foot and Ankle
Jack Clement, MD, PhD
Physician, South Texas Radiology Imaging Centers, San
Antonio, Texas
Basic Imaging Techniques in the Adult; Imaging Considerations in the
Skeletally Immature Patient
Brian J. Cole, MD, MBA
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University;
Director, Cartilage Restoration Center, Rush
University Medical Center, Chicago, IIIinois
Articular Cartilage Lesion
Fred G. Corley, Jr., MD
Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, University of
Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Professor
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic
Traumatology, University Health System; Professor
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics,
University of Texas Medicine Clinic, University of
Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
Arm
Jason A. Craft, MD
University of Mississippi School of Medicine; Assistant
Professor, University Hospital and Clinic, University of
Mississipi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
Fractures of the Coracoid in Adults and Children; Glenoid and Scapula
Fractures in Adults and Children
Ralph J. Curtis, Jr., MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Orthopedic Surgery Association,
San Antonio, Texas
Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Kinesiology of the Child’s Shoulder;
Glenohumeral Instability in the Child
Frances Cuomo, MD
New York University School of Medicine; Chief,
Shoulder and Elbow Service, New York University
Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, New York
ix
Thomas M. DeBerardino, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, F. E. Edward
Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services
University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland;
Director, John A. Feagin, Jr. Sports Medicine Fellowship
at West Point; Head Team Physician, United States
Military Academy at West Point; Physician, Keller Army
Community Hospital, West Point, New York
The Team Physician: Preparticipation Examination, On-Field
Emergencies, and Ethical and Legal Issues
Richard E. Debski, PhD
Associate Professor, Department of Bioengineering,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Fundamentals of Biomechanics; Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics
of the Adult Shoulder
Marc M. DeHart, MD
Surgeon, Texas Orthopedics, Sports, and Rehabilitation
Associates, Austin, Texas
Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Marlene DeMaio, MD, CAPT, USNR
Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bone and
Joint/Sports Medicine Institute, Naval Medical Center,
Portsmouth, Virginia
The Female Athlete
Allen Deutsch, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine; Physician, KelseySeybold Clinic; Physician, St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital,
Houston, Texas
Fractures of the Coracoid in Adults and Children; Glenoid and Scapula
Fractures in Adults and Children
William W. Dexter, MD
Professor, University of Vermont College of Medicine;
Director, Sports Medicine Program, Maine Medical
Center, Portland, Maine
Dermatologic Disorders
David R. Diduch, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Head Orthopaedic
Team Physician, and Fellowship Director of Sports
Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia
William Dillin, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic,
Los Angeles and Orange County, California
Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in the Adult
Jeffrey R. Dugas, MD
Affiliate Professor, College of Human Services, Troy
University, Troy; Fellowship Director, American Sports
Medicine Institute, Birmingham, Alabama
Contributors
Craig J. Edson, MHS, PT
Physical Therapist, Geisinger/HealthSouth
Rehabilitation Hospital, Danville, Pennsylvania
Multiple Ligament Knee Injuries
T. Bradley Edwards, MD
Clinical Instructor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Texas at Houston; Clinical Assistant
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baylor
University; Orthopaedic Surgeon, Fondren Orthopedic
Group, Houston, Texas
Development of Skills for Shoulder Surgery; Glenohumeral Arthritis
in the Athlete
Marsha Eifert-Mangine, EdD, PT, ATC
Assistant Professor, Department of Health Sciences,
Physical Therapy Program, College of Mount Saint
Joseph; Physical Therapist, NovaCare Rehabilitation,
Cincinnati, Ohio
Use of Modalities in Sports
Frank J. Eismont, MD
Leonard M. Miller Professor and Chairman, Department
of Orthopaedics; Director, Residency and Fellow
Education, University of Miami, Miami; Orthopaedic
Surgeon, University of Miami Medical Group, Miami,
Florida
Hussein Elkousy, MD
Volunteer Faculty, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston;
Volunteer Faculty, University of Texas Medical Branch,
Galveston; Volunteer Faculty, Baylor College of
Medicine, Houston; Staff Surgeon, Texas Orthopedic
Hospital, Houston, Texas
Development of Skills for Shoulder Surgery; Muscle Ruptures Other
Than the Rotator Cuff
Gregory C. Fanelli, MD
Chief Emeritus, Sports Medicine and Arthroscopic
Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville,
Pennsylvania
Mario Ferretti, MD
Researcher, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult
Gary B. Fetzer, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon,TRIA Orthopaedic Center,
Bloomington, Minnesota
Lateral and Posterolateral Injuries of the Knee
Larry D. Field, MD
University of Mississippi School of Medicine; Director,
Upper Extremity Service, Mississippi Sports Medicine
and Orthopaedic Center, Jackson, Mississippi
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow; Olecranon Bursitis; Elbow
Dislocations in the Adult Athlete and Pediatric Patient
Daniel C. Fitzpatrick, MD, MS
Orthopedic Surgeon, Slocum Center for Orthopedics and
Sports Medicine, Eugene, Oregon
Kevin R. Ford, MS
Research Biomechanist, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital,
Cincinnati, Ohio
Return-to-Sport Plyometric Training in the Rehabilitation of Athletes
following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Donald E. Fowler
Medical Student, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia
Exercise Physiology
W. Anthony Frisella, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, St. Peters Bone and Joint Surgery,
St. Peters, Missouri
Freddie H. Fu, MD, DSc
Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult; Anterior Cruciate
Ligament Injuries in the Child
Lorenzo Gamez, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedics and Physical
Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopaedics,
University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, Massachusetts
Entrapment Neuropathies of the Foot
Seth C. Gamradt, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
and Sports Medicine, University of California, Los
Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Glenohumeral Instability in Adults
William E. Garrett, Jr., MD, PhD
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke
University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
Physiology of Injury to Musculoskeletal Structures; Sports Medicine
Terminology
Gary M. Gartsman, MD
Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston
Medical School; Surgeon, Fondren Orthopedic Group,
Houston, Texas
Adhesive Capsulitis
Contributors
Christian Gerber MD, FRCSEd (Hon)
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Zürich;
Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics, Uniklinik
Balgrist, Zürich, Switzerland
Suture Materials
Eric Giza, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
Service, University of California, Davis Health System,
Sacramento, California
Ankle Instability Prevention; Principles of Injury Prevention;
Spine-Related Injury Prevention in the Athlete: Trunk Stabilization
S. Raymond Golish, MD, PhD
Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Design and Statistics in Sports Medicine
Jorge E. Gómez, MD
Clinical Professor, Sports Medicine and Pediatrics,
University of Texas Health Science Center; Team
Physician, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas
Heat Illness; Cold Injury; Altitude
Andreas H. Gomoll, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard
Medical School; Orthopaedic Surgeon, Brigham and
Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
Letha Y. Griffin, MD, PhD
Physician, Peachtree Orthopaedic Clinic, Atlanta, Georgia
The Female Athlete
Philippe P. Grondin, MD
Fellow, Department of Orthopaedics, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada
Tendinopathies around the Arm
Andrew J. Grove, MD
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics,
Division of Adolescent Medicine, Medical College of
Wisconsin; Primary Care/Sports Medicine Physician,
Student Health Service, Marquette University,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Heat Illness; Cold Injury
Dan Guttman, MD
University of New Mexico, Albuquerque; Chief of
Upper Extremity Surgery and the Hip Arthritis Service,
Taos Orthopaedic Institute, Taos, New Mexico
xi
Christopher D. Harner, MD
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Chief,
Division of Sports Medicine; Fellowship Director
and Medical Director, Center for Sports Medicine,
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult; Posterior Cruciate
Justin D. Harris, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Nebraska Orthopaedic and Sports
Medicine, Lincoln, Nebraska
Jennifer A. Hart, MPAS, PA-C
Physician Assistant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Division of Sports Medicine, University of Virginia,
Charlottesville, Virginia
Basic Arthroscopic Principles; Infection: Prevention, Control, and
Treatment
Joseph M. Hart, PhD, ATC
Assistant Professor of Research, University of Virginia,
Exercise Physiology
Andrew Haskell, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor, University of California,
San Francisco, San Francisco; Attending, Palo Alto
Foundation Medical Group, Palo Alto, California
Biomechanics
Martin J. Herman, MD
Associate Professor, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery
and Pediatrics, Drexel University College of Medicine;
Attending, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children
and Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
Cervical Spine Injuries in the Child
Timothy E. Hewett, PhD, FACSM
Associate Professor, University of Cincinnati College
of Medicine; Director, Sports Medicine Biodynamics
Center, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center,
Cincinnati, Ohio
Christopher B. Hirose, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Panorama Orthopaedics, Golden,
Colorado
Etiology of Injury to the Foot and Ankle
Gregory P. Guyton, MD
Attending, Department of Orthopaedics, Union
Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Entrapment Neuropathies of the Proximal Humerus
xii
Contributors
Nicholas J. Honkamp, MD
Staff Physician, Iowa Methodist Medical Center; Private
Practice, Des Moines Orthopaedic Surgeons, Des
Moines, Iowa
Ligament Injuries in the Child; Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in
the Child; Posterior Cruciate Ligament in the Adult
Florian G. Huber, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Peninsula Orthopaedic Associates;
Orthopaedic Trauma Surgeon, Division of Orthopaedic
Trauma, Peninsula Regional Medical Center, Salisbury,
Maryland
Arm
Jack V. Ingari, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery, Uniformed Services
Associate Professor of Surgery, University of Texas
Health Sciences Center at San Antonio; Staff, Attending
Hand Surgeon, The Hand Center of San Antonio,
San Antonio, Texas
The Adult Wrist
Darren L. Johnson, MD
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, University of Kentucky School of Medicine;
Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Kentucky Clinic,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
Design and Statistics in Sports Medicine; Allograft Tissues; Medial
Collateral Ligament Injuries in Adults; Pediatric Medial Knee Injuries
Rob Johnson, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine
and Community Health, University of Minnesota;
Director, Primary Care Sports Medicine, Department
of Family Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center,
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Infectious Disease and Sports
Robert J. Johnson, MD
Professor Emeritus, Department of Orthopaedics, The
University of Vermont College of Medicine, University
of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
Ron M. Johnson, PT, MPT, ATC, LAT, ATC, CSCS
Facility Director, Excel Sports Therapy, Gulf Coast
Rehabilitation, PC, Shiner, Texas
Therapeutic Exercise Prescription
James S. Keene, MD
Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Wisconsin;
Chairman, Division of Sports Medicine, Department of
Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of
Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin
Sami O. Khan, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Resurgens Orthopaedics, Decatur,
Georgia
Elbow Dislocations in the Adult Athlete and Pediatric Patient
Richard Y. Kim, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Hackensack University Medical
Center, Hackensack, New Jersey
Entrapment Neuropathies around the Elbow
Donald T. Kirkendall, PhD
Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise and
Sport Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Physiology of Injury to Musculoskeletal Structures; Sports Medicine
Terminology
Scott H. Kitchel, MD
Athletic Medicine Staff, University of Oregon, Eugene,
Oregon
Sandra E. Klein, MD
Washington University School of Medicine; Attending,
Barnes-Jewish Hospital at Washington University
School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
Conditions of the Forefoot
William Knopp, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community
Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Medicine;
Faculty, Family Medicine and Primary Care Sports
Medicine, Methodist Hospital/University of Minnesota
Family Medicine Residency Program, Minneapolis,
Minnesota
Infectious Disease and Sports
Mininder Kocher, MD, MPH
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard
Medical School; Associate Director, Division of
Sports Medicine, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston,
Massachussetts
The Young Athlete
Melissa D. Koenig, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Kaiser Permanente Medical Group,
Houston, Texas
Ligament Injuries of the Foot and Ankle in Adult Athletes
Sumant G. Krishnan, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center at Dallas Southwestern Medical School; Staff,
Shoulder Service, W.B. Carrell Memorial Clinic, Dallas,
Texas
Contributors
Irving L. Kron, MD
Professor and Chairman, Department of Surgery, Division
of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of
Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
Vascular Problems—Popliteal Artery Entrapment
John E. Kuhn, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and
Rehabilitation, Division of Sports Medicine, Vanderbilt
University Medical School; Chief of Shoulder Surgery,
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville,
Tennessee
Scapulothoracic Disorders in Athletes
Robert F. LaPrade, MD, PhD
Professor, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of
Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
William C. Lauerman, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Georgetown University
School of Medicine; Chief, Division of Spine Surgery,
Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in the Child
Christine Lawless, MD, MBA
President, Sports Cardiology Consultants LLC, Columbus,
Ohio
Sudden Death in Athletes: Causes, Screening Strategies, Use of
Participation Guidelines, and Treatment of Episodes
James Lebolt, DO
Orthopedic Surgeon, Virginia Sports Medicine and
Orthopedic Institute, Christiansburg; Orthopedic
Surgeon, Montgomery Regional Hospital, Blacksburg,
Virginia
Igor Cezar da Silva Leitao, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Santa
Casa de Misericordia de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora/MG,
Brazil; Visiting Fellow from Hospital Felicio Rocho,
University of Texas Health Science Center at San
Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
Injuries to the Sternoclavicular Joint in the Adult and Child
Kenneth C. Lin, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Evergreen Orthopedics, Monroe,
Washington
Thomas N. Lindenfeld, MD
Associate Director, Cincinnati Sports Medicine and
Orthopaedic Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes Including Reflex Sympathetic
Dystrophy and Causalgia
xiii
Turner C. Lisle, MD
Resident, Department of Surgery, University of Virginia,
Walter R. Lowe, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Baylor College of Medicine; Team Physician, Houston
Texans, Houston, Texas
Superior Labral Injuries
David J. Lunardini, BS
Medical Student, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
Virginia
Exercise Physiology
Mark W. Maffet, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Baylor College of Medicine; Team Physician, Houston
Comets; Team Physcian, Houston Baptist University,
Houston, Texas
Superior Labral Injuries
Jeffrey J. Mair, DO
Attending, Riverview Medical Center and Twin Cities
Orthopedics, Waconia, Minnesota
Robert Mangine, MEd, PT, ATC
Adjunct Instructor, College of Mount Saint Joseph;
Adjunct Clinical Instructor, Department of Ortho
pedics, and Head Football Trainer, University of
Cincinnati; Director of Clinical Residency, NovaCare
Rehabilitation, Cincinnati, Ohio
Roger A. Mann, MD
Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, School
of Medicine, San Francisco; Director, Foot Fellowship
Program, Oakland, California
Biomechanics; Entrapment Neuropathies of the Foot
John G. Mastronarde, MD, MSc
Associate Professor, Ohio State University; Director, OSU
Asthma Center, The Ohio State University Medical
Center, Columbus, Ohio
Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm
Carl G. Mattacola, PhD
Associate Professor and Director, Rehabilitation Sciences
Doctoral Program, Division of Athletic Training,
University of Kentucky, College of Health Sciences,
Lexington, Kentucky
xiv
Contributors
Augustus D. Mazzocca, MD
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of
Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
Injuries to the Acromioclavicular Joint in Adults and Children; Sternum
and Rib Fractures in Adults and Children
Wendy McBride, MD
Pediatric Emergency Physician, CarePoint PC, Physician,
Sky Ridge Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
Heat Illness; Altitude
Kendra McCamey, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Family
Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center;
Team Physician, Department of Athletics, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio
Michael P. McClincy, BS
Medical Student, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Forearm Fractures: Pediatric Elbow Fractures and Dislocations
Edward R. McDevitt, MD
Assistant Professor of Surgery, Uniformed Services
University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda; Orthopaedic
Surgeon, Anne Arundel Medical Center, Annapolis,
Maryland
Sports Pharmacology: Ergogenic Drugs in Sports; Sports Pharmacology:
Recreational Drug Use
Patrick J. McMahon, MD
Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Bio
engineering, University of Pittsburgh; Founder,
McMahon Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Adult Shoulder
Jennifer J. F. McVean, MD
Fellow, University of Wisconsin; Fellow, American Family
Children’s Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin
Diabetes Mellitus
W. Andrew Middendorf, MPT, ATC
Physical Therapist, NovaCare Rehabilitation/University
of Cincinnati, Cincinatti, Ohio
Chealon D. Miller, MD
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
Infection: Prevention, Control, and Treatment
Mark D. Miller, MD
S. Ward Casscells Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
and Head, Division of Sports Medicine, University of
Virginia, Charlottesville; Adjunctive Clinical Professor
and Team Physician, James Madison University,
Harrisonburg, Virginia
Design and Statistics in Sports Medicine; Basic Arthroscopic Principles;
Infection: Prevention, Control, and Treatment
Bernard F. Morrey, MD
Professor of Orthopedics, College of Medicine, Mayo
Clinic; Consultant, Division of Adult Reconstruction,
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, Minnesota
Biomechanics of the Elbow and Forearm; Tendinopathies around the
Elbow
Vasilios Moutzouros, MD
Clinical Instructor, Wayne State School of Medicine;
Senior Staff, Department of Orthopaedics, Division
of Sports Medicine, Henry Ford Center, Detroit,
Michigan
Osteochondroses
Van C. Mow, PhD
Stanley Dicker Professor and Chairman, Department of
Biomedical Engineering; Director, Shelley Liu Ping
Laboratory for Functional Tissue Engineering Research,
Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied
Science, Columbia University, New York, New York
Gregory D. Myer, MS
Sports Biomechanist, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital
Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
Frank R. Noyes, MD
Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Cincinnati; Chairman, Medical Director,
and Chief Operating Officer, Cincinnati Sports Medicine
and Orthopaedic Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
High Tibial Osteotomy in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient
Knee with Varus Angulation
Eugene T. O’Brien
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Churchill Evaluation Centers,
San Antonio, Texas
Wrist Injuries in the Child
Agbecko Ocloo, MD
Staff Surgeon, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle Bu,
Accra, Ghana
Patellar Fractures
Daniel P. O’Connor, PhD
Director, Joe W. King Orthopedic Institute, Houston,
Texas
Nnamdi Okeke, BS
Medical Student, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult
Contributors
Brett D. Owens, MD
Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University of
the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Assistant
Professor, Texas Tech University Health Science Center;
Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, William
Beaumont Army Medical Center, El Paso, Texas
The Team Physician: Preparticipation Examination, On-Field
Emergencies, and Ethical and Legal Issues
Russ Paine, BS, PT
Director of Sports Medicine Research and Rehabilitation,
Memorial Hermann Sports Medicine Institute; Team
Physical Therapist for Houston Rockets, Houston, Texas
Proprioception and Joint Dysfunction; Language of Excercise and
Rehabilitation
Selene G. Parekh, MD, MBA
Clinical Associate Professor, Duke University; Attending,
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University
Medical Center; Adjunct Faculty, Duke University
School of Business, Durham, North Carolina
Heel Pain
William D. Parham, PhD, ABPP
Dean of Graduate School of Professional Psychology, John
F. Kennedy University, Pleasant Hill, California
Psychological Adjustment to Athletic Injury
Richard D. Parker, MD
Professor of Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College
of Medicine; Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, Orthopaedic Rheumatologic Institute,
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
Patellar and Quadriceps Tendinopathies and Ruptures; Osteochondroses;
Patellofemoral Instability: Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella; Acute
Dislocation of the Patella; Chronic Dislocation of the Patella; Patellar
Fractures
Johnathan P. Parsons, MD
Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine, The Ohio
State University; Associate Director, The Ohio State
University Asthma Center, Columbus, Ohio
Jayesh K. Patel, MD
Chief Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries in Adults; Pediatric Medial Knee
Injuries
Mark V. Paterno, MS, PT, MBA, SCS, ATL
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division
of Sports Medicine, University of Cincinnati College
of Medicine; Coordinator of Orthopaedic and Sports
Physical Therapy, Division of Occupational Therapy
and Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children’s Medical
Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
xv
Russell S. Petrie, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Newport Orthopaedic Institute,
Newport Beach, California
Elbow Injuries in Children and Adolescents
Peter D. Pizzutillo, MD
Professor, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and
Pediatrics, Drexel University School of Medicine;
Director, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children;
Physician, Hahnemann University Hospital, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania
Cervical Spine Injuries in the Child
Michael D. Pleacher, MD
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, University of New
Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Teodor T. Postolache, MD
Associate Professor and Director, Mood and Anxiety
Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, Maryland; Director, Institute for Sports
Chronobiology, Washington, DC
Sleep and Chronobiology in Sports
Matthew T. Provencher, MD
Director, Orthopaedic Shoulder, Knee, and Sports Surgery,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Naval Medical
Center, San Diego, San Diego, California
Anil S. Ranawat, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Hospital for Special Surgery, New
York, New York
Forearm Fractures; Pediatric Elbow Fractures and Dislocations;
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult; Posterior Cruciate
Michael A. Rauh, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Sports
Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo,
Buffalo, New York
Patellar and Quadriceps Tendinopathies and Ruptures
William D. Regan, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University
of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada
Tendinopathies around the Elbow
Scott B. Reynolds, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Nebraska Orthopaedic Associates,
Omaha, Nebraska
xvi
Contributors
David R. Richardson, MD
Assistant Professor and Director of Residency Program,
University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tennessee; Staff
Physician, Campbell Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee
John T. Riehl, MD
Resident,
Geisinger
Pennsylvania
Medical
Center,
Danville,
David Ring, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard
Medical School; Medical Director and Director of
Research, Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity
Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston,
Massachusetts
Fractures of the Elbow in the Adult
Kristin N. Rinheimer, MS, PAC
Physician’s Assistant, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville,
Pennsylvania
Samuel P. Robinson, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Jordan-Young Institute, Virginia
Beach, Virginia
Pediatric Elbow Fractures and Dislocations
Charles A. Rockwood, Jr., MD
Professor and Chairman Emeritus, Department of
Orthopaedics, University of Texas Health Science
Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
Scott A. Rodeo, MD
Co-Chief, Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital
for Special Surgery, New York, New York
Meniscal Injuries
Anthony A. Romeo, MD
Director, Shoulder Service, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
Melvin P. Rosenwasser, MD
Robert E. Carroll Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Columbia University College of Physicans and Surgeons,
New York; Director, Orthopaedic Hand and Trauma
Service, New York/Presbyterian Hospital, New York,
New York
Charles E. Rosipal, MD
Physician, GIKK Ortho Specialists, Omaha, Nebraska
Timothy G. Sanders, MD
Visiting Professor, University of Kentucky College of
Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky; Director of Education
and Research, National Musculoskeletal Imaging,
Weston, Florida
Imaging of the Glenohumeral Joint
Felix H. Savoie, MD
Lee C. Schlesinger Professor and Vice Chairman,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tulane University
School of Medicine; Director, Tulane Institute of Sports
Medicine, Tulane University Medical Center, New
Orleans, Louisiana
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow
David L. Saxton, MD
Clinical Faculty, Oklahoma University Medical Center,
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes Including Reflex Sympathetic
Dystrophy and Causalgia
Andrew J. Schorfhaar, DO
Assistant Professor and Team Orthopaedic Surgeon,
Department of Radiology, Division of Sports Medicine,
Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
Jon K. Sekiya, MD
Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
Fundamentals of Biomechanics
Agam Shah, MD
Othopaedic Surgeon, Newton-Wellesley
Newton, Massachusetts
Hospital,
Hip and Pelvis
Wei Shen MD
of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Thomas Shepler, MD
Associate Professor of Surgery, Uniformed Services
Staff Physician, Reston HCA Hospital, Reston,
Virginia
The Pediatric Hand
Holly J. Silvers, MPT
ACL Prevention Project Coordinator, Santa Monica
Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Group, Santa Monica,
California
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Prevention in the Female Athlete;
Ankle Instability Prevention
Contributors
Manuj Singhal, MD
Physician, Orthopaedic Associates of Lewisville, Lewisville,
Texas
Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries in Adults; Pediatric Medial Knee
Injuries
Timothy Steiner, MD
Staff Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedics of Southern
Indiana, Bloomington, Indiana
Patellofemoral Instability: Acute Dislocation of the Patella;
Patellofemoral Instability: Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella
Scott P. Steinmann, MD
Professor of Orthopedics, Mayo Clinic College of
Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
Heterotopic Bone around the Elbow
Joseph S. Torg, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Temple University
School of Medicine; Attending Staff, Temple University
Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Cervical Spine Injuries in the Adult
C. Thomas Vangsness, Jr., MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of
Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California,
Los Angeles, California
Osteochondritis Dissecans
Marius von Knoch, MD
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of
Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Suture Materials
J. Andy Sullivan, MD
Clinical Professor of Pediatric Orthopedics, Department of
Orthopedic Surgery, University of Oklahoma, College
of Medicine; Attending, Oklahoma University Medical
Center, Okalahoma City, Oklahoma
Ligament Injuries of the Foot and Ankle in the Pediatric Athlete
Dean C. Taylor, MD
Professor of Surgery and Director, Duke Sports Medicine
Fellowship, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
Samir G. Tejwani, MD
Orthopedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Division of Sports Medicine, Kaiser Permanente,
Fontana, California
Elbow Injuries in Children and Adolescents
Richard J. Thomas, MD
Attending, Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery,
OrthoGeorgia, Macon, Georgia
Olecranon Bursitis
Paul D. Thompson, MD
Director of Cardiology and Director of the Athlete’s Heart
Program, Hartford Hospital, Hartford Connecticut
Daniel J. Tomaszewski, MD
Attending, Geisinger Medical
Pennsylvania
xvii
Center,
Danville,
Steven M. Topper, MD
Clinical Assistant Professor, Uniformed Services University
of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland; Attending,
The Colorado Hand Center, Colorado Springs,
Colorado
Keith L. Wapner, MD
Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Director of
Foot and Ankle Orthopedic Fellowship, University of
Pennsylvania; Adjunct Professor of Orthopedic Surgery,
Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Heel Pain
Russell F. Warren, MD
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Weill
Medical College of Cornell University; Professor of
Orthopaedic Surgery and Attending Orthopaedic
Surgeon, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York,
New York
Glenohumeral Instability in Adults
Scott Waterman, MD
Sports Medicine Fellow, Keller Army Community
Hospital, West Point, New York
The Thigh
Robert G. Watkins IV, MD
Co-Director, Marina Spine Center, The Marina Hospital,
Marina del Rey, California
Adam Nelson Whatley, MD
Chief Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center,
New Orleans, Louisiana
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome
Alexis C. Wickwire, MS
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Wrist Arthroscopy
xviii
Contributors
Kaye E. Wilkins, DVM, MD
Professor of Orthopaedics and Pediatrics, University
of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; Staff
Orthopaedic Surgeon, University Hospital, San Antonio;
Staff Orthopaedic Surgeon, Christus Children’s
Hospital, San Antonio, Texas
Injuries of the Proximal Humerus in the Skeletally Immature Athlete
Gerald R. Williams, Jr., MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jefferson Medical
College; Chief, Shoulder and Elbow Service, The
Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Glenoid and Scapula Fractures in Adults and Children; Fractures of the
Coracoid in Adults and Children
Matthew D. Williams, MD
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana
State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans;
Orthopaedic Surgeon, Acadiana Orthopaedic Group,
Lafayette, Louisiana
Adhesive Capsulitis; Glenohumeral Arthritis in the Athlete
Michael A. Wirth, MD
Professor and Charles A. Rockwood, Jr., MD Chair,
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Texas
Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio,
Texas
Valerie M. Wolfe, MD
Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York
Presbyterian/Columbia Hospital, New York, New York
Brett W. Wolters, MD, MS
Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon, Memorial Medical
Center, Springfield, Illinois
Savio L.-Y. Woo, PhD, DSc
Whiteford Professor and Director, Musculoskeletal
Research Center, Department of Bioengineering,
Robert M. Wood, MD, FRCS
Orthopedic
Surgeon,
Sports
Medicine
North,
Lynnfield, and North Shore Medical Center, Salem,
Massachusetts
Virchel E. Wood, MD
Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma
Linda University School of Medicine; Consulting
Chief, Hand Surgery Service, Loma Linda University
Medical Center, Loma Linda, California
Adam Yanke
Medical Student, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
John A. Zavala, MD
Chief Resident, Georgetown
Washington, DC
University
Hospital,
Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in the Child
Mary L. Zupanc, MD
Professor, Department of Neurology and Pediatrics; Chief,
Division of Pediatric Neurology; Heidi Marie Bauman
Chair of Epilepsy; Director, Pediatric Comprehensive
Epilepsy Program, Medical College of Wisconsin,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Sports and Epilepsy
p r e f a c e
It is an honor and a pleasure to introduce the third edition of the popular textbook DeLee & Drez’s Orthopaedic
Sports Medicine: Principles and Practice. In the preface to
the previous edition, we emphasized that the orthopaedic
sports specialist must be soundly schooled in a variety of
conditions that are not commonly encountered in the dayto-day practice of orthopaedics. We would suggest that
with the advent of subspecialty certification in orthopaedic
sports medicine, this is even more important today. This
textbook, unlike anything else in your library, can help you
become properly schooled!
So, what’s new in this edition? We have all new chapters, written by experts and leaders in their subspecialty.
The contributors have done a fabulous job of reviewing and sharing their experience and the current state
of knowledge in their respective fields. For this, we profoundly thank them! We introduce a new 4-color design
and format, including full-color intraoperative and clinical images, to this edition. We offer expanded coverage
of key topics, including new chapters on arthroscopic
principles, allograft tissue, complications in athletes,
nutrition, pharmacology, and psychology. We have also
asked all contributors to completely update all surgical
procedures from ACL reconstruction to cartilage transplantation to the latest arthroscopic shoulder techniques,
including labral and rotator cuff repairs. With this edition we have also created a new website that includes the
full content of the text, a self-assessment module, links to
PubMed, an image library, content updates, and “bonus”
video. We would like to recognize and thank our new
web editor, Dr. Scott Montgomery, who is already working hard on developing this website. You can access it at
www.expertconsult.com
So, this is an exciting new edition. The contributors
have done a masterful job. With our new web editor, it
will always remain an up-to-date “work in progress.” We
are confident that this two-volume treatise will remain
the gold standard resource for sports medicine providers.
Finally, we offer our sincere appreciation to Kim Murphy,
Cathy Carroll, Dan Pepper, Jodi Kaye and all of the staff
at Elsevier Science for their unfailing support in producing
this third edition of DeLee and Drez!
Jesse Delee
David Drez
Mark Miller
ixx
c o n t e n t s
VOLUME 1
C h a p t e r 3
Nonorthopaedic Conditions
Part I Basics
S e c t i o n A Infectious Disease and Sports
C h a p t e r 1
Basic Science and Injury of Muscle, Tendon, and Ligament
Rob Johnson and William Knopp
3
1.Muscle and Tendon Injury
Mark R. Brinker, Daniel P. O’Connor, Louis C. Almekinders, Thomas M. Best, Joseph A.Buckwalter, William E. Garrett, Jr., Donald T. Kirkendall, Van C. Mow, and Savio L.-Y. Woo
2.Ligamentous Injury
Mark R. Brinker, Daniel P. O’Connor, Louis C. Almekinders, Thomas M. Best, Joseph A. Buckwalter, William E. Garrett, Jr., Donald T. Kirkendall, Van C. Mow, and Savio L.-Y. Woo
3.Articular Cartilage Injury
Mark R. Brinker, Daniel P. O’Connor, Louis C. Almekinders, Thomas M. Best, Joseph A. Buckwalter,William E. Garrett, Jr., Donald T. Kirkendall, Van C. Mow, and Savio L.-Y. Woo
4.Meniscus Injury
3
3
32
Richard E. Debski, Alexis C. Wickwire, and Jon K. Sekiya
S. Raymond Golish, Carl G. Mattacola, Darren L. Johnson, and Mark D.Miller
C h a p t e r 2
Surgical Principles
Mark D. Miller and Jennifer Hart
Marius von Knoch and Christian Gerber
180
Section F
185
Section G
193
85
C h a p t e r 4
Exercise Physiology
207
97
C h a p t e r 5
Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Modalities
221
Michael D. Pleacher and William W. Dexter
Joseph M. Hart, Donald E. Fowler, and David J. Lunardini
S e c t i o n A
Language of Exercise and Rehabilitation
121
121
Russ Paine
221
Section B
Robert Mangine, Marsha Eifert-Mangine, and W. Andrew Middendorf
229
Section C
Section B
Suture Materials
172
S e c t i o n E Mary L. Zupanc
65
162
Section D
Sports and Epilepsy
S e c t i o n A
Basic Arthroscopic Principles
Christine Lawless and Thomas Best
Jonathan P. Parsons, Kendra McCamey, and John G. Mastronarde
Section C
Sudden Death in Athletes: Causes, Screening Strategies, Use of Participation
Guidelines, and Treatment of Episodes
56
156
Section C
Jennifer J. F. McVean and David B. Allen
Section B
Diabetes Mellitus
40
147
Section B
Shafeeq Ahmed and Paul D. Thompson
S e c t i o n A 5.Bone Injury
147
132
Therapeutic Exercise Prescription
Ron M. Johnson
238
Section C
Allograft Tissues
137
Barton R. Branam and Darren L. Johnson
xxi
xxii
Contents
Section D
Proprioception and Joint Dysfunction
Section C
294
Russ Paine
Gregory D. Myer, Mark V. Paterno, Kevin R. Ford, and Timothy E. Hewett
C h a p t e r 6
Principles of Injury Prevention
Holly J. Silvers
300
Roald Bahr
333
Eric Giza and Holly J. Silvers
333
335
Robert G. Watkins IV
C h a p t e r 7
Complications
338
C h a p t e r 10
The Female Athlete
475
C h a p t e r 11
Environmental Stress
493
S e c t i o n A
Heat Illness
493
Section B
Cold Injury
498
Section C
341
351
Complex Regional Pain Syndromes Including Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy and Causalgia 351
David L. Saxton and Thomas N. Lindenfeld
Section B
Marc M. DeHart
463
Andrew J. Grove and Jorge E. Gómez
S e c t i o n A
Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
C h a p t e r 9
The Young Athlete
Jorge E. Gómez, Andrew J. Grove, and Wendy McBride
Section D
441
Letha Y. Griffin, April Armstrong, and Marlene DeMaio
Section C
Ankle Instability Prevention
Sleep and Chronobiology in Sports
Mininder Kocher
Section B
Preventing Hamstring Strains
431
Teodor T. Postolache
S e c t i o n A Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Prevention in the Female Athlete
William D. Parham
Section D
S e c t i o n E
Return-to-Sport Plyometric Training in the Rehabilitation of Athletes Following Anterior
Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Psychological Adjustment to Athletic Injury
Altitude
502
C h a p t e r 12
The Team Physician: Preparticipation Examination, On-Field Emergencies, and Ethical and Legal Issues
507
C h a p t e r 13
Basic Imaging Techniques
533
Wendy J. McBride and Jorge E. Gómez
Thomas M. DeBerardino and Brett D. Owens
S e c t i o n A
370
Basic Imaging Techniques in the Adult
Jack Clement
533
Section C
Section B
Infection: Prevention, Control, and Treatment 386
Imaging Considerations in the Skeletally Immature Patient
587
399
C h a p t e r 14
Overuse Injuries
611
399
Part II Anatomic Site of Injury
410
C h a p t e r 15
Head Injuries
657
C h a p t e r 16
Spinal Injuries
665
Chealon D. Miller, Jennifer A. Hart, and Mark D. Miller
C h a p t e r 8
Nutrition, Pharmacology, and Psychology in Sports
Jack Clement
S e c t i o n A
Nutrition for Sports
Leslie Bonci
Section B
Pharmacology
1.Sports Pharmacology: Ergogenic Drugs in Sports
Edward R. McDevitt and David E. Brown
Robert C. Cantu and Robert V. Cantu
410
2.Sports Pharmacology: Recreational Drug Use
Edward R. McDevitt
Luke Choi
424
Contents
S e c t i o n A
Cervical Spine Injuries
1.Cervical Spine Injuries in the Adult
665
665
2.Cervical Spine Injuries in the Child
701
Joseph S. Torg
Peter D. Pizzutillo and Martin J. Herman
William Dillin, Frank J. Eismont, and Scott Kitchel
2.Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in the Child
William C. Lauerman and John A. Zavala
C h a p t e r 17
Shoulder
714
754
1.Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Adult Shoulder
Patrick J. McMahon and Richard E. Debski
2.Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Kinesiology of the Child’s Shoulder
Ralph J. Curtis, Jr.
769
769
769
Charles E. Rosipal, Michael A. Wirth, Igor Cezar da Silva Leitao, and Charles A. Rockwood, Jr.
779
Matthew T. Provencher, Augustus D. Mazzocca, and Anthony A. Romeo
791
2.Fractures of the Coracoid in Adults and Children
Allen Deutsch, Jason A. Craft, and Gerald R. Williams, Jr.
826
John E. Kuhn
Matthew T. Provencher, Augustus D. Mazzocca, and Anthony A. Romeo
857
Hussein Elkousy
Rotator Cuff
986
1.Impingement Lesions in Adult and Adolescent Athletes
986
2.Superior Labral Injuries
Mark W. Maffet and Walter R. Lowe
1016
Section J
Injuries of the Proximal Humerus
1033
1.Injuries of the Proximal Humerus in Adults
1033
2.Injuries of the Proximal Humerus in the Skeletally Immature Athlete
1066
Section K
Adhesive Capsulitis
Gary M. Gartsman and Matthew D. Williams
1094
Matthew D. Williams and T. Bradley Edwards
1104
Section M
1120
S e c t i o n N
Karim Abdollahi and Virchel E. Wood
1127
S e c t i o n O
876
Vascular Problems of the Shoulder
J. Michael Bennett
1137
S e c t i o n P
885
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome
Adam Nelson Whatley
1143
Section Q
Development of Skills for Shoulder Surgery
Hussein Elkousy and T. Bradley Edwards
1146
893
VOLUME 2
Section G
Muscle Ruptures other than the Rotator Cuff
Section I
Daniel C. Fitzpatrick and Kenneth P. Butters
Section F
Sternum and Rib Fractures in Adults and Children
947
S e c t i o n E
Scapulothoracic Disorders in Athletes
3.Imaging of the Glenohumeral Joint
Glenohumeral Arthritis in the Athlete
Injuries to the Glenoid, Scapula, and Coracoid 857
Allen Deutsch, Jason A. Craft, and Gerald R. Williams, Jr.
932
Section L
Section D
1.Glenoid and Scapula Fractures in Adults and Children
2.Glenohumeral Instability in the Child Seth C. Gamradt and Russell F. Warren
Kaye E. Wilkins
Section C
Injuries to the Acromioclavicular Joint in Adults and Children
909
909
W. Anthony Frisella, Dan Guttman, Chang-Hyuk Choi, and Frances Cuomo
Section B
1.Glenohumeral Instability in Adults
Kenneth C. Lin, Sumant G. Krishnan, and Wayne Z. Burkhead
S e c t i o n A
Anatomy and Biomechanics
Glenohumeral Instabilities
Timothy G. Sanders
Thoracolumbar Injuries
1.Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in the Adult
S e c t i o n H
Ralph J. Curtis, Jr.
Section B
xxiii
900
C h a p t e r 18
Arm
Florian G. Huber
1157
xxiv
Contents
Chapter 19
Elbow and Forearm
Section B
1189
S e c t i o n A
Biomechanics of the Elbow and Forearm
Bernard F. Morrey
1189
William D. Regan, Philippe P. Grondin, and Bernard F. Morrey
1197
1.Throwing Injuries in the Adult
Jeffrey R. Dugas, Scott B. Reynolds, James Lebolt, and James R. Andrews
2.Elbow Injuries in Children and Adolescents
James P. Bradley, Russell S. Petrie, and Samir G. Tejwani
1214
1214
Felix H. Savoie and Larry D. Field
Richard J. Thomas and Larry D. Field
1227
1.Fractures of the Elbow in the Adult
David Ring
2.Pediatric Elbow Fractures and Dislocations
Anil S. Ranawat, Michael P. McClincy, Samuel P. Robinson, and James P. Bradley
Mir Haroon Ali and Scott P. Steinmann
1241
Sami O. Khan and Larry D. Field
1246
1250
1250
Richard Y. Kim, Valerie M. Wolfe, and Melvin P. Rosenwasser
C h a p t e r 20
Wrist and Hand
1279
1289
1300
1311
2.Wrist Injuries in the Child
1363
1477
Section C
1499
C h a p t e r 22
Patella
1513
S e c t i o n A
Patellar and Quadriceps Tendinopathies and Ruptures
1513
Section B
1526
Section C
Subluxation and Dislocation
1.Patellofemoral Instability: Acute Dislocation of the Patella
Timothy Steiner and Richard D. Parker
2.Patellofemoral Instability: Recurrent Dislocation of the Patella
1534
1534
1548
Section D
Patellar Fractures
1572
C h a p t e r 23
Knee
1579
Agbecko Ocloo and Richard D. Parker
1319
1451
Section B
Timothy Steiner and Richard D. Parker
1.The Adult Wrist
Eugene T. O’Brien
S e c t i o n A
Vasilios Moutzouros and Richard D. Parker
1319
1319
Jack V. Ingari
1451
Osteochondroses
S e c t i o n A
Wrist
C h a p t e r 21
Hip, Pelvis, and Thigh
Michael A. Rauh and Richard D. Parker
Section I
1430
Shawn M. Brubaker and Thomas E. Brown
S e c t i o n H
Elbow Dislocations in the Adult Athlete and Pediatric Patient
Wrist Arthroscopy
Scott Waterman
Section G
Heterotopic Bone around the Elbow
Section C
The Thigh
Section F
Forearm Fractures
1404
Robert Atkinson
Agam Shah and Brian Busconi
S e c t i o n E
Olecranon Bursitis
2.The Pediatric Hand
Hip and Pelvis
Section D
Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Elbow
1379
1379
Steven M. Topper
Section C
Throwing Injuries
1.Athletic Injuries of the Adult Hand
Thomas Shepler
Section B
Tendinopathies around the Elbow
Hand
S e c t i o n A
Bruce D. Beynnon, Robert J. Johnson, and Lauren Brown
1579
Section B
Meniscal Injuries
Stephen F. Brockmeier and Scott A. Rodeo
1596
Contents
Section C
xxv
S e c t i o n A
Medial Ligament Injuries
1.Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries 1624
in Adults
1624
Section B
2.Pediatric Medial Knee Injuries
1638
Leg Pain and Exertional Compartment Syndromes
1857
1865
Manuj Singhal, Jayesh K. Patel, and Darren Johnson
Jayesh K. Patel, Manuj Singhal, and Darren Johnson
Bryce Bederka and Annunziato Amendola
Bryce Bederka and Annunziato Amendola
Section D
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
1.Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries 1644
C h a p t e r 25
Foot and Ankle
in the Adult
1644
S e c t i o n A
Nicholas J. Honkamp, Wei Shen, Nnamdi Okeke, Mario Ferretti, and Freddie H. Fu
Biomechanics
Andrew Haskell and Roger A. Mann
2.Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Child
Nicholas J. Honkamp, Wei Shen, and Freddie H. Fu
1676
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries
1683
1.Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Adult
1683
Nicholas J. Honkamp, Anil S. Ranawat, and Christopher D. Harner
2.Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Child
Nicholas J. Honkamp, Anil S. Ranawat, and Christopher D. Harner
Lateral and Posterolateral Injuries of the Knee 1718
Andrew J. Schorfhaar, Jeffrey J. Mair, Gary B. Fetzer, Brett W. Wolters, and Robert F. LaPrade
1747
1766
Mark J. Billante and David R. Diduch
1771
Frank R. Noyes and Sue D. Barber-Westin
1912
1912
1960
1975
Geoffrey S. Baer and James S. Keene
James W. Brodsky and Nathan Bruck
1787
2012
Section F
2030
Section G
Entrapment Neuropathies of the Foot
2057
S e c t i o n H
Conditions of the Forefoot
Sandra E. Klein
Section K
High Tibial Osteotomy in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Deficient Knee with Varus Angulation
Gregory P. Guyton, Lorenzo Gamez, and Roger A. Mann
Section J
J. Andy Sullivan
Keith L. Wapner and Selene G. Parekh
Section I
Andreas H. Gomoll, Adam Yanke, and Brian J. Cole
2.Ligament Injuries of the Foot and Ankle in the Pediatric Athlete
Heel Pain
S e c t i o n H
Ligament Injuries
1.Ligament Injuries of the Foot and Ankle in Adult Athletes
Gregory C. Fanelli, Justin D. Harris, Daniel J. Tomaszewski, John T. Riehl, Craig J. Edson, and Kristin N. Reinheimer
C. Thomas Vangsness Jr.
Section C
S e c t i o n E
Section G
Osteochondritis Dissecans
1873
Section D
Section F
Sports Shoes and Orthoses
Melissa D. Koenig
1713
1865
Section B
Andrew H. Borom and Thomas O. Clanton
S e c t i o n E
1849
2064
Section I
S. Terry Canale and David R. Richardson
2142
Section J
1801
2171
A p p e n di x
2207
Christopher B. Hirose, Thomas O. Clanton, and Robert M. Wood
Section L
Turner C. Lisle and Irving L. Kron
C h a p t e r 24
Leg
1836
Dean C. Taylor, Robert A. Arciero, Donald T. Kirkendall, and William E. Garrett, Jr.
1849
I N D E X i

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine

Transcription

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