Workshop Full Face Mask Experience Instructor

Transcription

Workshop
Full Face Mask
Experience
Instructor Manual
British Sub-Aqua Club
Full Face Mask Experience Instructor Manual
Contents
Course Content
Outline of course, Aims, Instructor Venue and Equipment Requirements, Administration, Costs
Theory Lesson FFM Theory Workshop
What is a FFM, Why use a FFM, Fitting, Dry practical, Precautions
Practical Lesson
FFM Practical Session
Preparation, Kitting up, Underwater swim, Equipment care
Appendix A
FFM Equipment Tracking Form
Appendix B
Letter to Branch
Appendix C
Checklist and timeline for running the FFM Experience course
Appendix D
Practical Session Information
1
3
9
11
12
13
14
Issue 1.2, June 2007
Copyright © The British Sub-Aqua Club 2007
Published in the United Kingdom
The British Sub-Aqua Club, Telford’s Quay, South Pier Road, Ellesmere Port, Cheshire CH65 4FL
Telephone: 0151-350 6200
Fax: 0151-350 6215
www.bsac.org
All rights reserved. This Instructor Manual may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced or
translated, or converted into any electronic or readable form without prior written consent of The British Sub-Aqua
Club
Copyright © BSAC 2007
BSAC are grateful to the members of the BSAC Diver Training Group and others for their contributions to the
development of this course and its supporting materials. In particular:
Howard Barnes
Sean Gribben
Jeff Reed
Richard Scarsbrook
ii
Full Face Mask Experience
Course
The Full Face Mask (FFM) Experience Course
supersedes the Full Face Mask 1-day SDC. The
FFM equipment is available. It is expected that
the course will be delivered by Area Coaches
using the set of FFM equipment held at BSAC
HQ. The equipment will be allocated to each
BSAC Region for a period of time, during which
it will be available to all Area Coaches through
the Regional Coaching Scheme. The equipment
will then rotate between the Regions.
The course has been developed to enable more
members to experience an aspect of diving
they may not be familiar with, and to give Area
Coaches another opportunity to interact with
their branches and members.
It’s fun!
Aims
To allow members to:
●
experience a full face mask
●
understand the benefits of a full face mask
●
understand the precautions to be taken
with a full face mask
Entry Level
Ocean Diver (or equivalent)
Duration
2½ hours.
Instructor Qualifications
This Instructor Manual should be sufficient to
allow the successful running of the FFM Experience Course so instructors do not have to have
previously attended an FFM SDC. However it is
important that instructors are familiar with the
equipment provided by BSAC HQ so it is highly
recommended that they attend a FFM Experience Course as a student before running one.
Instructors should be a current BSAC member;
a BSAC Open Water Instructor or above; an
Area Coach; and/or have the approval of their
Regional Coach.
Course Content
Student Instructor Ratio
The FFM Experience Course is designed to be
presented by a single instructor. The equipment
supplied by BSAC HQ contains only 3 FFMs,
which, together with the amount of pool time
available, limits the number of students that
can be accommodated.
Venue Facilities and Equipment
The FFM Experience Course needs a suitable
classroom with teaching aids for the presentation of theory lessons, and a swimming pool
for the practical session. The swimming pool
needs a shallow end in which members can
stand up to at least chest height. Plans to run
the practical sessions at a location other than
a swimming pool must be approved in advance
by BSAC HQ.
The course equipment provided by BSAC HQ is
listed in Appendix 1. It is supplied in a large
Pelican protective case. From time to time
there may be changes due to servicing issues,
but the Diving Resources Team at BSAC HQ will
advise if this is the case.
A set of FFM Student Notes is issued to participants after the course with further details
on FFMs and their use. Additional copies are
available from BSAC Diver Resources team.
Please provide advance notice on the numbers
required. Spare copies should be passed on with
the FFM equipment.
A PowerPoint presentation is supplied to assist
with the course. This may be delivered using a
digital projector or by printing the slides onto
OHP transparencies. A single set of OHP originals is printed and included with the FFM kit.
The cost of printing an Instructors own personal set of OHP VA’s must NOT be passed on
to students. Damage or loss of the standard set
of notes must be explained to HQ for replacement.
Administration
The successful running of the course depends on
prior organisation: we hope that this pack will
assist you. If you have any further questions, or
suggestions on items for inclusion to minimise
your time spent organising, please email technical@bsac.com who will forward your message
to the relevant person.
Appendix 3 provides a check list to aid with the
organisation.
Course Content
The Regional Coach is responsible for maintaining and communicating the overall schedule of
FFM Experience Courses and equipment availability.
As an Area Coach you should contact your
branches sufficiently in advance (six weeks is
normally recommended as a minimum to allow
time for the information to be circulated), providing information on the course and arranging a suitable time. Considerations to take
into account include availability of equipment,
members, pool hire (min 1 hour) and theory
course venue. Appendix 2 contains a letter that
can be used, addressed to a Branch Officer. An
MS Word version of the letter is available as a
download: it can be tailored as necessary.
It is your responsibility to check the equipment
on receipt and send the Equipment Tracking
Form to BSAC HQ confirming the equipment
is supplied as listed and giving contact details
so that the whereabouts of the equipment can
be tracked. You should check the equipment is
complete and working before handing it over
to the next Area Coach. Where possible please
try to collect the equipment from the previous
Coach as the carriage costs are significant
and must be covered in the running costs of
the course. The preferred method is for you to
attend the last of the previous Coach’s sessions. This gives you the experience of using
the mask and allows you to collect the equipment and check it is complete before running
the course yourself.
Costs
Central costs for this course include the maintenance of the equipment, its transportation
and the cost of the notes. A fee of £8 for each
participant must be collected to be forwarded
to BSAC HQ . Branches may also need to cover
their running costs e.g. hire of the venue. It will
probably prove easier for Branches to collect
all the monies and issue one cheque direct to
BSAC, via the Area Coach.
Course Content
The course involves a short theory lecture and
a dry run on fitting the masks. This is then followed by a practical session where members
experience using a FFM in a sheltered water
environment (pool preferred). A debrief at a
suitable venue providing refreshments is also
recommended, providing a further opportunity for Area Coaches to answer any questions
regarding BSAC to members and to report
members queries/suggestions back to BSAC.
Some Coaches may like to start (or end) the
course with a short introduction to themselves,
the Area Coach’s role within BSAC, and any
updates, as time allows.
In the event of problems contact the following:
• Equipment listed is missing: previous
Area Coach, BSAC HQ (Diver Resources) and Regional Coach.
• Equipment is malfunctioning: BSAC HQ
(Diver Resources) and Regional Coach;
and if handover time is approaching,
Area Coach.
• Advice required: Contact BSAC HQ (Diver Resources).
• Incident has occured: BSAC HQ (Safety
Manager). Normal current incident reporting procedure applies.
Student Feedback
Student comments should be collected at the
end of the session and fed back to HQ and the
Regional Coach in an informal report. Include
any suggestions for change or improvement.
FFM Experience Instructor Manual
Theory Workshop
FFM Theory Workshop
Introduction
Introduce self and FFM Experience course – this provides an introduction
to FFMs and their use.
FFM Experience Outline
Theory Workshop
Begin with a theory session and dry workshop – about 40 mins.
• ●Advantages of a FFM
• ●Fitting a FFM
• ●Precautions to be taken
Dry workshop
Move onto a pool session where each person will get a chance to try a
FFM in the pool.
• ●Practice fitting and removal
Pool session
• ●Work in pairs (usually)
If appropriate, explain that you may decide to take a group of students
together as a single group if there are small numbers, or not enough
experienced divers.
• ●1 mask per pair
• ●Rota system
Be ready in shallows
Aims
Cover aims of the course. Use one of the FFM’s (not the Scubapro) to
highlight each of the points.
What is a Full Face Mask?
Why use a Full Face Mask?
Using a Full Face Mask
Precautions
What is a FFM?
A full face mask (FFM) encloses the whole face
Theory Workshop
• ●Eyes, nose and mouth!
Explain that the FFM is similar to the normal mask in that it provides
an airspace for the eyes to be able to see clearly.
It is different in that the FFM encloses the mouth and nose – this means
you can breathe through either. Point out that the FFM has a large
airspace, use one of the larger masks e.g. the EXO 26 to illustrate this.
A large airspace within the breathing loop creates a “dead space”, a
volume of air that is difficult to replace with fresh air – relate to snorkel
design. To reduce the dead space volume, the larger masks (not the
Scubapro) have a separate oro-nasal pocket that encloses the nose and
mouth and so reduces the dead space.
A FFM costs from £350 to £thousands depending on the model and
options fitted.
Most FFMs are divided into two halves
• ●A mask
○ provides an air space for the eyes
• ●An oro-nasal pocket
○ allows you to breathe through mouth or nose
○ reduces the “dead space” volume
○ prevents build up of carbon dioxide
Why use a FFM?
Allows natural nose and mouth breathing
• ●Less stress
Being able to breathe through either nose or mouth is a more natural
and so stress free situation.
Communications
Communications modules can be added to FFM so that two divers can
communicate with each other and/or the surface. Ask participants when
this would be useful – examples include low visibility, complex tasks e.g.
detailed surveys or assembling items underwater.
• ●Diver to Diver e.g. for monitoring
• ●Diver to Surface e.g. aids project work
Insulation from cold or polluted water
The FFM encloses a greater portion of the face and, because it surrounds
the mouth, it is harder to inhale/swallow any water. This provides a
greater degree of insulation in very cold water and protection from polluted
water.
Breathing supply secured through mask
The regulator is held in place within the mask and does not need to be
gripped by the teeth. Jaw ache is reduced on long dives and, in the event
Theory Workshop
of the diver becoming unconscious, the regulator will be retained so air
will continued to be available to the diver. Some disabled divers may find
it easier to use than conventional scuba gear.
• ●Less jaw ache on long dives
• ●Gas supplied in event of blackout
Parts of a Full Face Mask
Show the FFMs and point out the parts.
Face plate
Faceplate is made of toughened glass or polycarbonate. Look through
it.
Regulator
Regulator – standard diving design. Note that it is fastened to the mask
through one of the ports – others are available for an additional regulator.
Turn the mask around to they can see the regulator protruding through
the oro-nasal pocket.
FFMs are frequently used with gas switching blocks to provide the diver
with more than one gas from the same regulator, e.g. a decompression
gas richer in oxygen, or for rebreather divers to have an open circuit bale
out in the case of a problem with their breathing loop.
Skirt
Point out the skirt and demonstrate how it seals around the face – show
the flexibility.
Spider
The spider is used to secure the mask to the face – show all 5 straps
and their adjustment. The spider should be inspected to ensure it is in
good condition.
Nose block
Nose block is used when clearing ears – more about this later.
Fitting a FFM
Correct fitting and adjustment key to:
• ●Comfort
• ●Preventing leaks
The skirt of the mask should sit evenly around the face – hence
the spider. If correctly fitted the FFM should be comfortable and not
leak!
Theory Workshop
Demist using antifogging agent.
Large faceplate so use an antifogging agent to prevent the mask
misting up.
The cup of the spider should be positioned so it sits
at the back of the head, below the crown.
The cup of the mask should be positioned so that it sits just below the
crown of the head as in the right hand picture above – this allows the
skirt to seal evenly around the face.
Fitting a FFM
Demonstrate fitting and removing mask. For the demonstration a cylinder
should be connected to the regulator or the regulator should be removed
(only to be done by a competent person) i.e. the person can breathe
with the mask on. To fit the FFM, first loosen off the straps. Ensure that
the person being demonstrated on is aware that they should signal in the
event of a problem or if they feel uncomfortable.
Normally accomplished by tightening the bottom
straps first….
........then working the way up
Using a volunteer (either pick somebody with short hair or get them to
wear a hood for ease and clarity of demonstration), show tightening the
bottom straps first, applying even pressure so the cup sits in the centre of
the head just below the crown. Then tighten the remaining straps, working
the way up. Pressure should be felt evenly around skirt and form a seal – if
connected a regulator can be heard to be working.
PRACTICE before use
Releasing a FFM
Place a thumb behind each of the lower buckles and apply pressure upwards
and forwards to release the straps and push the mask away from the face
and off – it should only be necessary to release the lower straps for the
mask to be removed. Note that the Neptune 2 mask has two toggles to
achieve the same effect.
Most masks have quick release buckles on lower
straps.
Pull mask up and away from face, use thumbs to
release straps.
PRACTICE before use
Practice is required – coming up.
Theory Workshop
Dry Workshop
PRACTICE SESSION
For this session participants should be comfortable fitting and removing
a mask as a prelude to the pool session, the latter being important in
the event of a problem. It will probably be easier to connect the masks
to regulators for this part. If cylinders are to be used, get the person
fitting the mask to sit down and another volunteer to hold the cylinder
– pony cylinders may be more convenient. Should issues of transporting
equipment up and down stairs, etc. be seen to be likely to cause a problem,
the dry workshop can be held immediately prior to the pool session, if this
enables the equipment to be used in a more suitable location. At the end of
this workshop the supervising coach must ensure that all participants are
competent in removing a full face mask before going into the pool.
• ●Work in pairs
• ●Ensure air is on or regulator i removed!
Precautions
These precautions cover the main problems associated with FFMs if using
in the open water – note that full training should be sought.
Mask malfunction
• ●Practice clearing a flooded mask
• ●Carry spare half (normal) mask and AS
Water in a FFM can be cleared by tipping the head back and purging the
regulator to force water out of the bottom. In a worst case scenario the
FFM can be removed and a normal mask/regulator fitted. This requires an
AS. The AS is also necessary for the buddy as it is not practical to share
a FFM.
Alternative Source
• ●In case own mask floods
• ●For buddy - sharing FFM not practical
Carbon dioxide build-up
• ●Caused by poorly fitted/vented mask
Carbon dioxide from exhaled air can build up if the oro-nasal pocket is
poorly fitted or missing. A large dead volume is created which means
that exhaled gas is not completely expelled from the FFM with each
breath.
• ●Hypercapnia
This can lead to hypercapnea – a build up of carbon dioxide in the
body causing symptoms including headaches, rapid pulse and eventually unconsciousness.
Theory Workshop
Increased air consumption
Must watch contents guage more regularly as many people find they have
an increased air consumption when using a FFM.
Hints and tips
Time and practice key factors to successful use.
Take time to ensure a good fit
Practice fitting and releasing until competent
Check for leaks in shallows
Equalisation method depends on mask
• ●Pinch nose as normal (Scubapro) OR
• ●Push whole mask against face until nose block blocks nose!
Show the Scubapro mask and demonstrate (there is no need to put
the mask on) that with this mask the nose can be reached to clear the
ears when diving. Now show one of the other masks and point out that
the same cannot be said of these. To clear the ears with these there
is a nose block in the oro-nasal pocket; by pushing the whole mask up
the nose block will block the nostrils and allow the ears to be cleared.
When using the mask for diving the nose block is adjusted so that it is
in the correct position to achieve a block when required.
Summary
Summarise the points covered, and question the students to test their
understanding. Finish by asking the students for questions.
Why use a Full Face Mask?
Ask for advantages of FFM.
Point out parts of FFM and ask for names.
Fitting a Full Face Mask
Ask for key points in fitting FFM.
Releasing a Full Face Mask
How is the FFM released?
Precautions
What precautions should be taken when using a FFM?
FFM Practical Session
Lesson Objectives
The objective of the session is to give students an enjoyable taster of using an FFM in the pool.
Achievement Targets
To have fun!
Equipment Needed
A cylinder (Din fitting or A-Clamp), weightbelt, BC and a connection to the BC inflator is required
for each FFM. Each FFM 1st stage is supplied with a Seatec type connector so if sufficient BCs
with this type of inflator are not available then the BC hoses may need to be swapped. Do not disconnect the FFM regulator from the first stage supplied as each 1st stage is set up at the correct
interstage pressure for that mask.
FFM use may increase air requirements so additional cylinders should be available. Instructors
should monitor the air consumption and also stress the additional air requirements to participants.
A supply of extra weights is advisable because the additional air volume in a FFM can mean that
students need more weight than they would normally use in a sheltered water environment.
If organising the session using buddies on normal scuba equipment, a set of pool scuba equipment
will be needed for each buddy.
Lesson Contents
There are different ways to run this session depending on the numbers and experience of those
taking part – use judgement. For small numbers and less experienced participants the instructor
can set up two or three sets and supervise these. For larger numbers of more experienced divers
equipment can be set up in pairs with one person having a FFM and the other person on normal
scuba equipment to buddy up and provide support in the case of any problems.
1.
Preparation
Some pre-requisites need to be arranged before the course:
● Plans to run the practical session at a location other than a swimming pool must be approved
in advance by BSAC HQ.
● Pool cover and an emergency action plan are required.
● Make sure the Branch/students know what equipment they need to bring.
Set up the equipment at the venue before the practical session starts.
2.
Kitting Up
Place the equipment at the pool side adjacent to waist – chest deep water. An assistant or two
may prove useful to help with the fitting of the masks.
Enter the water and fit the BC.
Ensure the cylinder is turned on before attempting to fit the mask to the face.
Remind participants that in event of a problem they can stand up while in the shallow end.
Reconfirm that each participant can release the mask in the event of a problem, as they should
have demonstrated in the dry practice previously.
Demist the FFM using the defogging agent supplied.
Fit the mask as demonstrated in the dry run, remembering to start with the lower straps first.
Tighten the remaining straps
3.
Underwater Swim
Check all OK, complete the buddy check, and then descend into shallow water.
Explore the pool and experience a FFM!
●
A leaking FFM can usually be dealt with as follows:
Poor seal: remove mask and retighten paying particular attention to strap order
Small face: try the Scubapro mask.
Equipment failure: inspect the equipment paying particular attention to the skirt.
If a student complains that their jaw aches remove the mask and retighten. Pay particular
attention to the strap order and the position of the spider: there should be no need to over tighten
the straps.
4.
Equipment Care
Immediately after the practical session, ensure that all the equipment is rinsed with fresh water.
It can be packed in the box for transporting but should be opened to allow the equipment to dry
fully at the earliest opportunity. Any problems with the equipment should be reported to the DR
department at BSAC as soon as possible, and the Regional Coach should be informed.
10
Appendices
APPENDIX A
FFM equipment tracking form
[Full size form available as separate Adobe PDF document]
Please check the equipment carefully to ensure it is correct as listed, then complete this form and
return it to the address at the foot of the page. On some occasions the actual FFM supplied may have
to be altered due to servicing issues. Contact Diving Resources at BSAC HQ if in doubt.
Case
Kirby Morgan Exo 26 FFM and Regulator
Ocean Reef Neptune 2 FFM and Regulator
Scubapro FFM and Regulator
Demisting agent
Straps in good condition
Number of course packs present:
If additional packs are necessary please give number required:
Contact details (in case of query or if equipment required for FFM SDC):
Name:
Membership number:
Address:
Email:
Tel (home):
Tel(daytime/mobile):
Details of any problems found:
If you have requested additional packs and want them sent to an alternative address, please give the address here:
Signed: ______________________________ Date:____________
Diving Resources, The British Sub Aqua Club, Telford’s Quay, South Pier Road, Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, CH65 4FL
Tel 0151 350 6200; Fax 0151 350 6215; Email technical@bsac.com
Appendices
APPENDIX B
Letter to branch
[This letter is available as a separate Microsoft Word document for tailoring]
Dear [Branch Officer],
Our Regional Coaching Team will be offering Full Face Mask Experience courses shortly. These are designed to provide a brief introduction to full face masks, both as a fun event and to
allow members to find out a bit more about them. Visiting your Branch to run the course also provides an opportunity for me, as Area Coach, to discuss national BSAC issues and Regional course
requirements that can be fed back to HQ as part of the communication process.
This course consists of a theory session/dry workshop of about 40 mins and a pool session where
participants can try out a mask in the pool. A set of Student Notes will also be issued for further
reference. It would be helpful if the Branch could provide the following items of equipment:
[delete/add to list as necessary]
3 cylinders (minimum, 3 spare recommended if many participants), 3 BCs, and 3 weight
belts plus spare weights, plus 3 sets of fins
3 sets of normal scuba equipment (mask, fins, cylinder, regulator, BC, weightbelt if necessary
Presentation equipment: screen, digital projector, computer, extension lead, connecting
leads and files
[Optional paragraph: If time allows I can also give a presentation covering the role of the Area
Coach, points from the latest Incident Report, and an update on current BSAC developments. The
opportunity to discuss additional issues informally is also beneficial.]
The course cost payable to BSAC is £8 per person. This covers the Student Notes, maintenance
of the equipment, and transport costs. The branch may also need to charge an additional fee to
cover the pool/venue costs.
BSAC’s FFM equipment will only be in our Region for a limited time before moving to the next
Region so ideally I would like to hold courses between [start date] and [end date]. If you are interested in having a Full Face Mask Experience course at your Branch, feel free to contact me on
[contact details].
Yours faithfully,
[name]
Area Coach
12
Appendices
APPENDIX C
Checklist and timeline for running
the FFM experience course
Dates assigned by Regional Coach
Contact made with branch officer
Date of course agreed
Venue
Approximate number of participants
Contact area coach running prior course
Confirm date of equipment handover
Check equipment all OK
Check number of packs available
(attend prior taster session if necessary)
Course packs ordered if needed
Reconfirm details with Branch Officer and check cylinders, BC’s and weight belts available.
Check presentation equipment available if needed.
Equipment available on the day:
Case with FFM equipment
3 Cylinders (minimum, 3 spare recommended if many participants)
3 BC’s, check direct feeds fit from regulators
3 weight belts + spare weights
Practical session instructor slate
Presentation equipment e.g. screen, digital projector, computer, extension lead, connecting leads and files
Study packs
Appendices
APPENDIX D
Practical session information
Before:
Check all equipment works including direct feed connections
Make sure defogging agent handy
Ensure participants clear on rota system
Ensure all participants are current BSAC members
During:
Place the equipment at the pool side adjacent to waist – chest deep water, use two participants
to assist with the fitting of the masks.
Enter the water and fit the BC.
Ensure air is turned on before attempting to fit the mask to the face.
Remind participants that in event of a problem they can stand up while in the shallow end.
Demist the FFM with the use of the defogging agent supplied.
Fit the mask as previously demonstrated in the dry run remembering to start with the lower straps
first. Tighten the remaining straps.
Check all OK, complete buddy check, and then descend into shallow water.
Explore the pool and experience a FFM!
AIR CHECK
After:
Rinse equipment down
Check all present
Allow to dry before leaving the equipment in the case for prolonged periods
Before leaving:
Check all students have a study book
All monies collected
All equipment present
Solicit student feedback for informal report to HQ and Regional Coach
14

Workshop Full Face Mask Experience Instructor

Transcription

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