Application Requirements in Roundup Ready Xtend and Enlist

Application Requirements in Roundup Ready
Xtend and Enlist Cropping Systems
Darrin Dodds
Mississippi State University
The Future of Weed Control?
• Dicamba Tolerance – Xtend
• 2,4-D Tolerance – Enlist
• HPPD Tolerance (Balance/Callisto)
• Combinations with Glyphosate and Glufosinate or both!
• POST-harvest weed seed management
Enlist Crops (2,4-D tolerance)
•
•
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Corn and Soybean in 2015
Cotton 2016
Great on Broadleaves. Grasses?
Non-traited cotton very sensitive!!
Liberty, Glyphosate, 2,4-D
• FOPS in corn
• 2,4-D Choline is an improved formulation
• Timing will still be important
• Application through mid-bloom
Slide provided by DOW
Regulatory Stuff – Federal Label
• Ground application only
• No generic 2,4-D….please just don’t!
• 30 foot buffer to sensitive areas
• There is a difference between sensitive and susceptible
• Market approval?
• China
• Other label specifics
• Nozzles!
RR Xtend (Dicamba tolerance)
• Pending USDA and EPA? – trait has been deregulated
• Cotton 2015; Soybean 2016
• Great on Broadleaves!
• Pigweed, Marestail, Redvine!
• Applications through mid-bloom on beans
• Proposed dicamba application window is similar to glyphosate on cotton
• Non-traited soybean very sensitive!!!
• MON1691, or Engenia? Vapor Grip? – NONE for 2015!
• Timing will still be important, better with residual added
• Tank clean out?
• Dicamba Tolerance to PRE & POST
applications
• Up to 1.0 lb ae/A (PRE) and 2 applications
at 0.5 lb ae/A (POST) dicamba per POST
application
• Total of 2 lb ae/A dicamba per calendar year
Dicamba Application
Window (Soy)
for 2016
Current dicamba application window
(Rainfall and time restrictions prior to planting)
Proposed dicamba application window
Pre-emergence
VE
Pending Regulatory Approvals
Up to Flower (R1)
VC
V1
V2
V3
R1
R6
2015 Application Window (Cotton)
Current Glyphosate application window
Current Glufosinate application window
•Dicamba applications*( will not be labeled in 2015)
•1 lb ae/A pre and 1 lb ae/A post OR 2 lb ae/A post (Up to four 0.5 lb ae/A applications per season)
•Total of 2 lb ae/A dicamba per calendar year
•Glufosinate applications
•Two (43 fl oz/A fb 29 fl oz/A) to three (29 fl oz/A) glufosinate (Liberty) applications through early bloom.
—equivalent to commercial LibertyLink® cotton label
* dicamba rates expressed as
lb a.e./A dicamba
Pending Regulatory Approvals
Use an 80 to 110
degree flat fan tip for
optimum coverage
with Liberty
Apply Liberty at
minimum of 40
PSI
Pending Regulatory Approvals
10 MPH
10 MPH
Pending Regulatory Approvals
Anticipated Regulatory Stuff – Federal Label
• Ground application only
• Will likely be buffers
• Technology recently
deregulated
• No federal labels; no state
labels for chemistry
• Will then need global market
approval (China)
• Cotton in 2015 can be sold
(750,000 acres of seed)
• Soybean will be seed increase
only
• Will receive dicamba applications
Potential Routes of Off-Site Movement
• Spray Drift
– Physical Particle Movement
• Volatility
– Vapor Movement
• Spray Tank Clean-out
• Direct application of
herbicide to sensitive crops
Pending Regulatory Approvals
Equipment Contamination
Collinsville, IL
The “V” shaped pattern is typical of boom contamination.
Pending Regulatory Approvals
• Triple rinsing is an
effective method to
remove dicamba
contamination from
equipment.
• Commercial Tank cleaner
is also recommended
Factors Affecting Drift
• Spray Characteristics
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Chemical
Formulation
Drop size
Evaporation
• Equipment & Application
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•
Nozzle Type
Nozzle Size
Nozzle Pressure
Height of Release
Particle Drift – Big 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
Wind Speed
Boom Height
Spray Particle Size
Distance from Susceptible
Vegetation
Comparison of Micron Sizes
(approximate values)
Pencil lead
2000 µm
Paper clip
850 µm
Staple
420 µm
Toothbrush bristle
300 µm
Sewing thread
150 µm
Human hair
100 µm
If you reduce spray particle size diameter
in half (for example 600 to 300 microns)
you have ___ times the number of
droplets
a.
b.
c.
d.
2
4
6
8
Cutting Droplet Size in Half
Results in Eight Times
the Number of Droplets
500
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
250
microns
Temperature Inversions are:
a. Warm air trapped under a
layer of colder air.
b. Cold air trapped under a
layer of warm air.
c. Can even occur with a 5
degree temp rise after
sun-up
d. Cannot be identified with
a smoke bomb.
Recognizing Inversions:
• Under clear to partly cloudy
skies and light winds, a
surface inversion can form
as the sun sets.
• Under these conditions, a
surface inversion will
continue into the morning
until the sun begins to heat
the ground.
When spraying near sensitive vegetation,
the applicator should:
a. Not change any spraying habits
b. Be alert for wind changes and keep
ones distance
c. Start to be concerned if wind speed
increases above 15 mph
d. Spray at night.
Distance Downwind
If the distance downwind is doubled,
the amount of drift decreases fivefold. If the distance downwind
increases from 100 to 200 feet, you
have only 20% as much drift at 200
feet as at 100 feet.
Boom Height
When the boom height is increased
from 18 to 36 inches, the amount of
drift increased 350% at 90 feet
downwind.
350% Increase
90 ft.
Wind Speeds Gradients:
Height Above Crop Canopy, Feet
30
20
10
6
2
11 mph
10 mph
8 mph
7 mph
5 mph
0
The relation between height above the canopy of a
crop like cotton or soybean and the speed of wind.
Reducing Drift Injury
With a rate controller that changes output by pressure, drift may be reduced by slowing
down near susceptible vegetation.
10 mph
-
7 mph
40 psi
-
20 psi
Can also lower boom
Thank You
• Darrin Dodds
• 662-418-1024
• darrind@ext.msstate.edu
• Twitter: @DarrinDodds
• www.mississippi-crops.com