Slides

LAGO: e Latin American Giant Observatory Project
Sergio Dasso1,2 , Hernan Asorey3,4 & Luis Nuñez4 ,
for the LAGO Collaboration5
1
Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio (IAFE), UBA-CONICET - Argentina
Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Departamento de Física, FCEyN, UBA - Argentina
Grupo de Investigación en Relatividad y Gravitación (GIRG), Escuela de Física - Universidad Industrial de
Santander, Bucaramanga - Colombia
4
Laboratorio de Detección de Partículas y Radiación, Centro Atómico Bariloche e Instituto Balseiro
(CNEA/UNCuyo), Bariloche - Argentina
5
hp://lagoproject.org
2
3
sdasso@iafe.uba.ar
CHAIN reds - Brussels - Belgium - March 31, 2015
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
1 / 22
Overview
1.
e LAGO project
2.
e LAGO Detectors
3.
e LAGO Programs
LAGO-Space Weahter
LAGO-Universities
LAGO-Virtual & LAGO-CHAIN
4.
Conclusions
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
2 / 22
e Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) Project
A very long baseline “array” of water Cherenkov detectors (WCD)
.
e LAGO Collaboration
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70 members from 22 institutions at 9 LA
countries.
Scientific goals:
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Sites at eight countries:
Argentina, Bolivia,
Colombia, Ecuador,
Guatemala, Mexico, Peru &
Venezuela
Two new detectors in Brazil
will be incorporated by 2015
(UFCG & UNICAMP).
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
I
Astroparticles up to the CR knee
(∼ 1015 − 1016 eVs)
Study transient and long term Space
Weather phenomena trough Solar
modulation (SM) of Cosmic Rays (CR)
Measurements of background radiation at
ground level
Academic goals:
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I
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Train latin-american students in HE &
SW, and Astroparticle techniques
Build a Latin-American network of
Astroparticle researchers
e LAGO Project
March 2015
3 / 22
e Latin American astroparticle network
.
How it works?
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Non-centralized,
collaborative network
of institutions
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3 working groups, 9
members coordination
commiee, 1 PI
Developments,
expertize and data are
shared across the
network
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
4 / 22
Our detector: sWCD (Water Cherenkov Detector)
s as in smart
Autonomous, reliable, simple and
cheap detector
Commercial tanks with
1,5 m2 − 10 m2 of detection area
filled with purified water
Inner coating of Tyvek (UV diffusive
and reflective fabric)
PMT + Digitizer board (own design)
FPGA + Raspberry Pi: detector
control, telemetry, data acquisition
and on board data pre-analysis
(including machine learning
techniques)
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
Digitized signals by a 10-14 bits
FADC at 40-100 MHz (10-25 ns)
Temporal synchronization: GPS in
PPS mode
Station consumption: . 8 W
March 2015
5 / 22
Our new station: the smart LAGO-WCD
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Control and Acquistion Station → Environment (including WCD)
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Sensors: Arduino-One&shield + environmental sensors (P, T, CO2 , NOx , radiance, …)
Control (SBC Raspberry Pi): data conformation, pre-processing and station control
Power: 15 W solar panel and baeries
GNSS: geo-localization and time synchronization
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Comms: support standard protocols: WiFi, GPRS (2.5G-3G-3.5G), 4G-LTE
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
6 / 22
LAGO Programs
.
LAGO-Virtual
.
Acquire, produce, collect and
preserve LAGO data
.
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LAGO-Extreme Universe
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High energy astroparticles
Towards CR knees region
.
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LAGO-Space Weather
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Cosmic ray solar modulation
Possible connections with physics
of the atmosphere
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LAGO-Universities
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Astrophysics and particle physics
in undergraduate courses
Data analysis and statistic
Background radiation at ground
(and flight) level
.
.
WG1: Physics
.
.S. Dasso (ARG)
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
Muon decay
Detector physics and interaction of
radiation with maer
Construction and characterization
of particles detectors
.
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WG2: Detectors
.
.L. Otiniano (PER)
e LAGO Project
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WG3: Data
.
.L. Núñez (COL)
March 2015
7 / 22
Overview
3.
e LAGO Programs
LAGO-Space Weahter
LAGO-Universities
LAGO-Virtual & LAGO-CHAIN
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
8 / 22
Space Weather
.
Sun-Earth connection
.
Dynamic conditions in the Earth
outer space environment:
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S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
Disruption of electrical power
grids
Contribute to the corrosion of
long pipelines
HF radio communications and
GPS interferences
Operational anomalies and
damage or degradation of
critical electronics on
spacecra, satellites and even
on board of commercial
airplanes
March 2015
9 / 22
Space Weather
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
10 / 22
e LAGO Space Weather Program
via Solar modulation of low energy cosmic rays
.
Connections
.
CR Flux
Solar Activity
−−−−−−−→
Modulated flux
.
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
11 / 22
e LAGO Space Weather Program
via Solar modulation of low energy cosmic rays
.
Connections
.
CR Flux
Modulated flux
Primaries
.
Secondary particles
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
Solar Activity
−−−−−−−→
Geomagnetic field
−−−−−−−−−→
Modulated flux
Primaries
Atmospheric conditions
−−−−−−−−−−−−→ Secondary particles
Detector response
−−−−−−−−−→
e LAGO Project
Signals
March 2015
11 / 22
e LAGO Space Weather Program
via Solar modulation of low energy cosmic rays
.
Connections
.
CR Flux
Modulated flux
Primaries
.
Secondary particles
Solar Activity
−−−−−−−→
Geomagnetic field
−−−−−−−−−→
Modulated flux
Primaries
Atmospheric conditions
−−−−−−−−−−−−→ Secondary particles
Detector response
−−−−−−−−−→
Signals
.
Synergy
.
Flux variation of signals at detector level ⇔ Solar Activity
.
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
11 / 22
Simulations
.
Detailed simulation chain
.
Directional rigidity cut-off at each site R(ϕ, λ, θ, φ)
Primary flux at the top of the atmosphere (CORSIKA simulations for each site
(ϕ, λ, h))
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Measured spectra for all nuclei 1 ≤ Zp ≤ 26, 1 ≤ Ap ≤ 56
(R(θ, φ) × Zp ) ≤ (Ep /GeV) ≤ 106 , 0o ≤ θ ≤ 90o
Integrated primary flux: ∼ 107 − 108 hour−1 m−2 (& 5 hours at each site)
Secondary flux at detector level
Detector response:
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Fast and Simple LAGOFast™ detector simulation
Detailed GEANT4 model
First aempts on FLUKA
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
12 / 22
Simulations
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S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
13 / 22
Data
Detector response
Charge integrated pulse histogram −−−−−−−−−→ deposited energy Ed
simulations
.
Integrating pressure-corrected, one-minute
histograms at different Ed ranges
. → relative flux variations → LAGO counts
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
14 / 22
08/March/2012: Forbush event ← single LAGO detector
.
.
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
LAGO-BRC: 1,8 m2 WCD detector
e LAGO Project
March 2015
15 / 22
08/March/2012: Forbush event ← single LAGO detector
.
Muon band
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S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
16 / 22
New Space Weather dedicated sites
e LIMA µ counter & First LAGO sWCD in the Antarctic Peninsula
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S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
17 / 22
Overview
3.
e LAGO Programs
LAGO-Space Weahter
LAGO-Universities
LAGO-Virtual & LAGO-CHAIN
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
18 / 22
LAGO-Universities
Particle Physics or Experimental Physics
courses at COL, ARG and VEN:
Space Weather + python + data analysis
techniques
Introductory Physics Course 2014 at
Universidad Industrial de Santander:
Space Weather + python + gnuplot +
data analysis techniques
τµ = (2020 ± 0,1) ns
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
19 / 22
Overview
3.
e LAGO Programs
LAGO-Space Weahter
LAGO-Universities
LAGO-Virtual & LAGO-CHAIN
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
20 / 22
LAGO-Virtual: the Latin American astroparticle network
.
LAGO Data
.
Two types of data: measured and
simulated
Measured data: 4 quality levels:
raw data, preliminary, Data ality
& High ality
Massive data production:
raw (∼ 1 TiB year−1 det−1 );
sims (∼ 3 TiB year−1 site−1 )
.
Deploying LAGO-CORSIKA
implementation on GRID
.
LAGO & RedCLARA
.
Data repository located at UIS
(BGA, Colombia)
.
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
Data transfer from Sites to
Repository using RedCLARA
(where available)
March 2015
21 / 22
Accessibility
Data Generators
Sensors
Curated raw data
Data
Accessibility,
Reproducibility, and
Trustworthiness
Curated pre/processed data
Applications
Digital Library
Reproducibility
Curated raw data
Data
Accessibility,
Reproducibility, and
Trustworthiness
Curated pre/processed data
• Instrument conditions
• Authorship, process and protocols
• Ownership and accessibility
Access to the application +
computational e-infrastruture
• Hardware Architecture
• Operating System
• Application
Digital Library
Data files:
• Calibration Data
• Registered Data
• Simulated Data
Awareness on Standards:
CHAIN-REDS helped LAGO on
the adoption of standards for
data infrastructures, including:
• Metadata organization
• Permanent Identifiers for
data files
Data Accessibility:
CHAIN-REDS has helped LAGO
to configure and tune-up the
OAI-PMH of LAGOData
Repository
Now integrated in the CHAIN
REDS KB and SSE
Conclusions
.
Ultra long baseline “array” of sWCD from Mexico to Antarctica
High and low altitude sites across the Andean range: Background radiation,
Space Weather and High Energy
.
New smart WCD and environmental stations: data for other communities
Full simulation chain: from primary flux to detector signals
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
22 / 22
Conclusions
.
Ultra long baseline “array” of sWCD from Mexico to Antarctica
High and low altitude sites across the Andean range: Background radiation,
Space Weather and High Energy
.
.
.
New smart WCD and environmental stations: data for other communities
Full simulation chain: from primary flux to detector signals
e LAGO simulations program started to develope a CORSIKA grid version
LAGO is now integrated in CHAIN RED Knowledge Base & Semantic Search
Engine
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
22 / 22
Conclusions
.
Ultra long baseline “array” of sWCD from Mexico to Antarctica
High and low altitude sites across the Andean range: Background radiation,
Space Weather and High Energy
.
.
.
.
New smart WCD and environmental stations: data for other communities
Full simulation chain: from primary flux to detector signals
e LAGO simulations program started to develope a CORSIKA grid version
LAGO is now integrated in CHAIN RED Knowledge Base & Semantic Search
Engine
ank you for your attention
..
S. Dasso (IAFE-UBA)
e LAGO Project
March 2015
22 / 22