Overview on the Application of Piezoceramics Bending Actuators

Transcription

1st International Workshop on Smart Materials and Structures
7-8 October, 2004
Kiel, Germany
Dipl. Phys. Andreas Joseph Schmid
Argillon GmbH
R & D Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
Email: Andreas_Joseph.Schmid@argillon.com
Ceramics
Overview on the Application of
Piezoceramics Bending Actuators - Piezoceramics at Argillon
Abstract
z Piezoeffect
z Bending actuator structure techniques
z Piezoproducts
z Applications of piezoelectric bending actuators
Piezoproducts
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PZT - Perovskite crystal structure
z Pb(Zrx Ti1-x)O3
z Lead (Pb)2+
z Oxygen (O)2z Zirconium (Zr)4+
z or Titanium (Ti)4+
Piezoproducts
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Piezoelectric effect - Curie temperature
Perovskite Crystal Structure
Piezoproducts
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Piezoelectric effect
Piezoelectric effect
Convertion of a mechanical stress into a electrical signal.
Inverse piezoelectric effect
Mechanical output produced by an electrical input.
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator structure techniques
Bimorph
inactive
Layer
Piezoceramic
Monomorph
Trimorph
Multimorph
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator
Deflection of a trimorph bending actuator
Contraction of the ceramic by appling the operating voltage
Results in deflection of the bending actuator
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator
Deflection of a trimorph bending actuator
Contraction of the ceramic by applying the operating voltage
Results in deflection of the bending actuator
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
Bending actuator - force-deflection characteristic
300
Blocking Force F0 [mN]
250
blocking force F0
200
possible operating
point
150
100
bending energie
50
max. deflection ξ0
0
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
Deflection ξ [mm]
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator - force-deflection characteristic
monomorph bending actuator
a)
ceramic
h1
passiv layer
h2
maximum deflection ξ0
ξ0 = 3/4 d31 U (l2 / h12) fE
a=
h2
c=
E2
4 a c (1 + a)
h1
fE =
4 a c (1 + a)2 + (1 - a2 c)2
a)
blocking force F0
Fo = 3/2 d31 U b E1 (h1 / l) fm
E1
a c (1 + a)
fM =
2 (1 + a c)
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator - Performance index
performance index = blocking force * max. deflection
p e rfo rm a n c e in d e x
0,8
steel
0,7
0,6
0,5
aluminium
0,4
0,3
carbon fibre
0,2
0,1
0
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
thickness proportion a
Piezoproducts
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Piezoproducts - Portfolio
Basic
BasicMaterials
Materials
Bending
BendingElements
Elements
Actuators / Sensors
Actuators / Sensors
Piezo
Masses
Ceramics
likes:
+ Discs
+ Plates
+ Rings
+ Tubes
+ Special
geometries
Actuators
Actuators
Bending actuators
Singlelayer
for:
+ Braille modules
+ Textile machines
+ Hard disks drives
+ Valves
+ Gas flow controls
+ Switcher
Multilayer (> 2003)
for:
+ Textile machines
+ Hard disks drives
+ Valves
+ Gas flow controls
+ Automotive
applications
Stacks (> 2004)
for:
+ Piezo
generators
+ Piezo motors
+ Consumer
goods
Modules
Modules&&Devices
Devices
Sensors
Sensors
Actuators
Actuators
Bending actuators
for:
+ Medical
engineering
+ Other applications
Ultrasonic
transducer for:
+ Flow measurement
+ Other applications
Pattering modules for:
+ Jacquard machines
+ Raschel machines
+ Warp Knitting machines
Sensors
Sensors
Ultrasonic systems for:
tank level measuring
SITEX M-Module for:
+ Circular Knitting machines
Ultrasonic atomizers for:
+ Refrigerated cabinets
+ Home appliances
+ Toys
+ Inhalers for lung diseases
+ Humidifier
Valves applications for:
+ Glue valves
+ Air pulse valves
+ Air sort valves
+ Door shuts
+ Hydraulic systems
Piezoproducts
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Divided into three groups
Basic Materials
Bending Elements
Modules & Devices
Piezoproducts
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Multilayer bending actuator
Design of a monomorph multilayer bending actuator
with thermal tension adjustment
Multilayer ceramic
Inner electrods
Slide
Conntact
Passive layer
Copper contact pads
Thermal tension
layer
Piezoproducts
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Piezo braille module for controller keyboards
Piezoproducts
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Bending actuator for warp knitting machines
Piezoproducts
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Textile machine module for
warp knitting machines
Piezoproducts
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SITEX ® M - Textile machine module for
circular knitting machines
Piezoproducts
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Circular knitting machines
SITEX M - Textile machine module
Piezoproducts
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Housing cover
Electronic control
Connector
Bending actuators
Flaps
Carrier
Front plate
Housing
Piezoproducts
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Piezoceramic bending actuator for fiber optical switches
Advantages:
· fast switching time
· low insertion loss
· high optical isolation
· compact design
· no additional wavelength dependence
Applications:
· optical measurement systems
· spectroscopy
· optical engineering
· telecommunications
Piezoproducts
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High - dynamic pressure regulator
Flap On
Flap Off
3
-
+
2
3
1
-
+
2
1
Piezoproducts
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The new generation of piezoelectric valves
Plastic Housing
+ higher precision
+ lower weight
+ cheaper
Elastomere enclosure
+ improved sealing
+ protection against humidity
+ separates medium from electric terminals
Bender
+ „power free“ control
+ nearly no wear
+ ideal for intrinsic safety
+ works digital and analog
+ no self heating
+ no electromagnetic load
+ antimagnetic
Piezoproducts
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3/2 normally-closed piezoelectric micro valve
Concept of a polymer micro valve with an piezoelectric multilayer actuator
and an polymer strain sensor
Housing cap
Electronic control
(closed loop control)
Strain sensors
Piezoelectric multilayer
actuator
Housing with pneumatic
interface
Piezoproducts
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Micro valves for implantable microdosage systems
Prestress
Piezoelectric bending actuator
Silicon tappet
Pyrex valve seat
Medicament (2.5 bar)
Piezoelectric bending actuator
Titanium housing
Inlet
Outlet
Piezoproducts
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Piezoelectric actuated suspension for hard disk drives
Piezoelectric micro actuators for the positioning of write-read heads.
Piezoproducts
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Piezoelectric micro actuators
Piezoelectric micro actuators for the positioning of write-read heads.
Applications: tape drives, hard disk drives, DVD- and CD-writer
± 0,1
0,2
55,0
19,25
± 0,05
55,0 ± 0,05
± 0,25
pin ø 3,18
pin ø 3,18
± 0,07
± 0,05
M. : 4 : 1
5,45
28,0
94,95
± 0,25
detail - Z
12,60 ± 0,07
Z
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
Piezoceramic bending actuator and sensor for
implantable hearing aids
The PZT Driver converts the amplified electrical signal received from the Sensor (via the Sound
Processor) into mechanical vibration to drive the stapes.
The PZT Sensor fulfills the role of a
microphone in a conventional air conduction
hearing aid.
More info at: www.stcroixmedical.com
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
EnOcean - Piezoceramic generators
Conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Applications:
Light switch
Tire guard
Piezoproducts
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Piezoceramic bending actuator for radio switches
Energy generator
for the radio switch
Energy per
one actuation
= 25 µWs
Piezoproducts
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Piezoceramic Bending Actuator for radio switches
Parts of the radio switch
The core element is
the Piezoceramic
Piezoproducts
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EnOcean - Piezoceramic bending actuator
for radio switches
Batteryless radio switch
Conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy
Transmitting of signals and information
Radio Transmitter
Actuation
Generator
Signal
Processingunit
RFTransmitter
230V≈
Radio Receiver
HFReceiver
Signal
Processingunit
Result,
Value
Power
Switch
Piezoproducts
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EnOcean - Piezoceramic Generators
Die Betätigungsenergie wird für batterielose Transpondersysteme verwendet.
Building
Industry
Radio sensors
Radio switches
• Installation
• Renovation
• Control Sensors
• Position
Indicator Switch
• Monitoring
Automotive
Radio switches
• Keyless entry
• Tire Guard
Medical
Micro Radio
Generators
• Control of the
human body
functions
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
Benefits of piezoelectric bending actuators
z Rapid positioning speed results in significantly increased productivity.
z High reliability dramatically reduces outage times.
z The bending actuator produces no heat, therefore no cooling is required.
z Energy consumption is noticeable low as with the magnet that results in reduced operating costs.
z The compact construction means that the bending actuator requires significantly less space.
z Silent operation provides for the most ergonomic possible workplace.
z The bending actuator can be modified for specific applications.
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
Conclusion
z Electromechanical transformer (actuator/sensor/generator)
z All-purpose usable. Usable in nearly all markets
z High increacing market rates
Piezoproducts
z Basic Materials
z Bending Elements
z Modules & Devices
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250
References
[1] M. Laurent, H. Bödinger, T. Steinkopff, K. Lubitz, C. Schuh, S. Wagner, M. J. Hoffmann, H. MurmannBiesenecker, A. J Schmid, ”Influence of ceramic layer thickness on the properties of piezoelectric multilayer
actuators”, Processing of Electroceramics, Symposium 2003, (2003)
[2] U. Dibbern: Piezoelectric Actuators in Multilayer Technique. Proceedings of Actuator 94, (1994)
[3] B. Anderson: Properties and Performance of Multilayer Actuators for Dynamic Applications. Proceedings of
Actuator 1996, (1996)
[4] A. J. Schmid, U. Töpfer, R. Ballas, H. F. Schlaak, G. Munz, M. Maichl, A. Münzenmaier, ”Piezoelectric Beam
Multilayer Actuator with an Integrated Capacitive Strain Sensor to Detect Deflection”, Sensor 2003, (2003)
[5] M. Weinmann, M. Maichl, G. Munz, C. Hanisch, H. P. Post, ”A 3/2 Normally Closed Polymer Piezoelectric
Microvalve with Integrated MID Electronics for Industrial Automation”; Actuator 2002, (2002)
[6] Y. Nui, W. Guo, G. Guo, E. Hong, T. Huang, “Piezoelectrically Actuated Suspension for Hard Disk Drives
Storage“, Proc. Syst., Vol. 1.; 321 -327, (1999)
[7] A. J. Schmid, U. Töpfer, ”Smart Piezoelectric Multilayer Actuator with an Integrated Sensor to Compensate
External Loads”, Adaptronic Congress 2003, (2003)
[8] A. J. Schmid, „Piezokeramische Systeme – Physikalische Eigenschaften und Anwendungen“, Technische
Keramik in der Praxis, Verband der keramischen Industrie e.V., Selb, (2002)
[9] C. Schuh, K. Lubitz, Th. Steinkopff, A. Wolff, “Piezo electric Components for Technical Applications”,
Piezoelectric Materials, Ed.: C. Galassi et al., Kluwer Academic Publ. 2000, 391- 399, (2000)
[10] A. J. Schmid, “Smarter Niedervoltaktor – Multilayer Biegewandler mit integrierter Sensorik”, Deutsche
Keramische Gesellschaft, 10. Keramik-Tag der Bundesanstallt für Materialforschung, Symposium: Folien und
Multilayertechnologie für funktionskeramische Anwendungen, (2003)
Piezoproducts
Tel.: ++ 49 / 9574 / 81-250

Overview on the Application of Piezoceramics Bending Actuators

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