survivalguide

Transcription

survivalguide

Board of European Students of Technology
Local BEST Group Izmir
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
For Further Questions:
denizsahintr19@gmail.com
onuraktan1@gmail.com
WELCOME TO TURKEY
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
History of Turkey
Till Ancient times, Anatolia is one of the oldest continually inhabited regions in the
world, and it has repeatedly served as a battleground for foreign powers. The earliest major
empire in the area was that of the HITTITES, from the 18th through the 13th century BC.
Subsequently, the Phrygians, an Indo-European people, achieved ascendancy until their
kingdom was destroyer by the CIMMERIANS in the 7th century BC. The most powerful of
Phrygia's successor states was LYDIA. Coastal Anatolia (IONIA) mean while was settled by
Greeks. The entire area was overrun by the Persians during the 6th and 5th centuries and
felt on Alexander the Great in 334 BC. Anatolia was subsequently divided into a number of
small Hellenistic kingdoms, all of which had succumbed to Rome by the mid-1st century BC.
In AD 324 the Roman emperor CONSTANTINE I chose Constantinople, now Istanbul, as the
capital of the Roman Empire. It subsequently became the capital of the Eastern Roman or
BYZANTINE EMPIRE. In 1055 a group of Central Asiatic Turks, the SELJUKS, conquered
Baghdad and established a Middle Eastern and Anatolian empire. When this empire was
broken up by the Mongol invasion, one of the remaining Local powers became known as the
Ottoman dynasty, after its leader OSMAN I. The OTTOMAN EMPIRE spread from
Northwestern Anatolia and captured Constantinople in 1453. At the peak of their power the
Ottomans controlled much of the eastern Mediterranean. The Ottomans had a sophisticated
system of internal administration and also organized the first standing army in Europe.
As the Ottoman Empire began to collapse under its own weight in the 18th and 19th
centuries, it became a battleground. By the outbreak of World War I the Ottoman Empire
had essentially been divided into spheres of influence by the great European powers, but
their movement was active within the Ottoman Empire itself. The YOUNG TURKS brought
about a revolution in 1908 and were successful introducing civil and social reforms of farreaching consequence.
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The history of modern Turkey begins with the foundation of the republic on October
29,1923 (the Republic was declared on January 20, 1921), with Mustafa Kemal first
president. The government was formed from the Ankara-based revolutionary group, led on
April 20, 1924. For about the next 10 years, the country saw a which included the unification
of education, the discontinuation of religious and other titles, the closure of Islamic courts
and the replacement of Islamic canon law with a secular civil code modeled after
Switzerland's and a penal code modeled after the Italian Penal Code, recognition of the
equality between the sexes and the granting of full political rights to women on 5 December
1934, the language reform initiated by the newly founded Turkish Language Association,
replacement of the Ottoman Turkish Alphabet with the new Turkish Alphabet derived from
the Latin Alphabet, the dress law (the wearing of a fez, a traditional Muslim hat, is
outlawed), the law on family names, and many others.
Turkish Culture
Turkish Culture is fascinating, but sometimes confusing, blends of seemingly
contrasting elements. While 99% of the population is Muslim and Islam has a strong
influence on Turkish History, culture, and daily life. Turkey is officially and firmly a secular
state. It is illegal for women to wear head scarves in classrooms or government offices. The
scarf is considered to be a symbol of a political ideology, and not only a reflection of a
religious belief. Formal courtesy and hospitality are central components of Turkish Culture,
yet bureaucratic regulations can be enormously frustrating when dealing with any aspect of
Turkish officialdom. The change in culture of Turkish people within the last century is very
surprising.
Today,
Turkey
might be the only country
that
contains
every
extreme depiction of east
and west culture and many
in between grey tones.
Ottoman system was a
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multi-federation state that enabled the people not to mix with each other. From the cultural
view point, balkanization was the end of Ottoman Empire. Turkish Republic adapted a
unitary approach, which was forcing all the different cultures within its borders to mix with
each other under the name of Turkish. The mixing, instead of assimilation is the end result of
many grey tones. 83 years of transformation undeniably produced many grey colors of eastwest duality. These pictures should be taken as a proof achievement of Turkish democracy
as a cauldron of ideas and representations.
About Turkey
Conventional long form: Republic of Turkey
Conventional short form: Turkey
State Type: Republican parliamentary democracy
Capital: Ankara
Official Language: Turkish
Independence: 29 October 1923
Population: 70,413,918 (July 2006 est.)
International Phone Code: +90
Currency: TL
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Time Zone: GMT +02:00
Location: Southwestern Asia (that part west of the Bosporus is sometimes
included with Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and
Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea,
between Greece and Syria
Map references: Middle East
Total area: 780,580 sq km
Land area: 770,760 sq km
Comparative area: slightly larger than Texas
Land boundaries: total 2,627km: Armenia 268km, Azerbaijan 9km, Bulgaria 240km,
Georgia 252km, Greece 206km, Iran 499km, Iraq 331km, Syria 822km
Coastline: 7,200km
Climate: Temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior
Terrain: mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central plateau (Anatolia)
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
WELCOME TO IZMIR
İzmir Area : 11.973 km²
Population : 3.370.866 (2000)
Traffic Code : 35
Izmir is the third biggest city in Turkey, with a population of around 2.5 million, the
second biggest port after Istanbul, and a good transport hub. Once the ancient city of
Smyrna, it is now a modern, developed, and busy commercial centre, set around a huge bay
and surrounded by mountains and was. The broad boulevards, glass-fronted buildings and
modern shopping centers are dotted with traditional red-tiled roofs, the 18th century
market, and old mosques and churches, although the city has an atmosphere more of
Mediterranean Europe than traditional Turkey.
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
The climate is comfortable, with a relatively mild summer due to the refreshing
breeze from the Aegean. The long attractive palm-fringed promenade, 1st. Kordon, which
stretches the entire length of the city up to the Alsancak Ferry Terminal, is a popular spot for
evening walks, and there are many cafes along the waterfront. Izmir has a good selection of
culture and entertainment, from the Archaeological and Ethnographic Museums, to the Izmir
State Opera and Ballet and Izmir State Symphony Orchestra, to the many bars and clubs. The
cosmopolitan and lively city gets even busier during the International Izmir Festival (midJune to mid-July) with music and dance, with performances also in nearby Cesme and
Ephesus.
Districts : Balcova, Cigli, Gaziemir, Güzelbahçe, Karsiyaka, Konak, Aliaga, Bayindir,
Bayrakli, Bergama, Beydag, Bornova, Buca, Cesme, Dikili, Foca, Karabağlar, Karaburun,
Kemalpasa, Kinik, Kiraz, Menderes, Menemen, Narlıdere, Odemis, Seferihisar, Selcuk, Tire,
Torbalı and Urla.
How to reach to Izmir?
Our meeting point is going to be at Bornova Metro.
By Plane: Adnan Menderes Airport, 16km south of the city centre, it has several daily
flights to Istanbul, Ankara and Antalya. There are also regular flights from many European
cities. Airport buses go to and from the city centre. When you come to in front of the exit of
the airport, you will see the bus station on the left side. Wait for 204 number bus. Buy your
tickets from the driver that costs about 5.75 TL( for using 3 times, it is a standard one ). Just
have fun during your one hour trip till arrival of the last stop. Get off the bus and there is
going to be someone of us to take you to our accommodation place.
Airport Tel : (0232) 274 2187. Fax: 274 2071
By Bus: When you arrive at the Bus terminal of Izmir, you have 3 choices to come to
us.
• TAXI: You are not so far away from taxis that r located at the entrance of Bus
terminal. They are yellow. When you find a taxi, you must tell ‘Bornova Metro’ to the driver.
It costs about 10 TL. But in nights, it can be 15 TL. When you arrive at Bornova Metro, there
is going to be someone of us to take you to our accommodation place. Or call for organizer
who you have the telephone number.
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• Dolmus: It is a kind of minibus. When you come to the entrance of the terminal,
you will see where taxi, dolmus station and bus station in front of there. Dolmus in Turkey is
green color. Go there and you must find ‘the dolmus whose name is ‘Alparslan’. Just sit and
give 1.5 TL per person to the driver. Tell ‘Bornova Metro’ then enjoy your 5 minutes trip.
When you arrive at Bornova Metro, there is going to be someone of us to take you.
• Public Transport: You will see the bus stop on the right side of entrance bus
terminal. You must wait till seeing ‘204 number of Bus’. Buy your ticket from driver it costs
about 5.75 TL (for using 3 times). Tell the driver certainly ‘Bornova Metro’. Because in the
same bus stop, 1-terminal to Bornova Metro 2- from Bus terminal to Airport. SO pay
attention! yours is the first one. Have fun during your short trip till Bornova Metro. We will
be there to take you.
We highly recommend to buy your own "Kentkart" for cheaper transportation.
Main Bus Station Tel: +90 232 472 1010
Foods and Drinks in Izmir
Food and meals are taken seriously in Turkey, and many people become very fond of
Turkish Cuisine. Breakfast is substantial, and in the Turkish home or restaurant generally
consists of bread, feta cheese, tomatoes, olives, cucumbers, yogurt, fruit, small Turkish
pastries, tea, and coffee. Lunch is generally a relatively light meal and usual (similar to Greek
gyros), or kebab (grilled meat). Dinner is generally served usually around 8 p.m. The
traditional Turkish dinner is formal and multi-course, beginning with antipasto, small dishes
or appetizers eaten sequentially with salad and bread. The main meal often includes a soup,
meat course, vegetable course, and dessert. Izmir’s cuisine has largely been affected by its
multicultural history, hence the large variety of food originating from the Aegean,
Mediterranean and Anatolian regions. Another factor is the large area of land surrounding
the region which grows a rich selection of vegetables. Some of the common dishes found
here are "Tarhana soup" (made from dried yoghurt and tomatoes), "Izmir Meatball",
"Keskek" (boiled wheat with meat) "Zerde" (sweetened rice with saffron) and "Mucver"
(made from squash and eggs).
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
Sightseeing in Izmir
Kemeraltı Bazaar : The big bazaar in the city centre stretches from the coast road to
the Konak area, and is a major shopping centre with a vast array of goods inside. It combines
modern businesses, shops and cafes, with antiques, dried fruit, household and leather goods
in old alleyways with vaults and domes.
Inside the bazaar, there is one of the most interesting structures of Izmir: Kizlaragasi
Hani is an Ottoman caravanserai inside the Halim Aga Bazaar and was completed in 1745.
This covered market sells hand-made products, carpets, leather and souvenirs. There are
many entrances to the markets, from Basmane, Konak and Anafartalar. Konak is one of the
oldest areas of the city, with most of the buildings that survived the great fire, although the
traditional areas are gradually being modernized. This is the location of the city’s landmark,
the Saat Kulesi (Ottoman clock tower) decorated with tiles.
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Asansör (Elevator) : The elevator was constructed by Jewish businessman Nesim Levi
in 1907, in order to make life easier for the local residents to go to their mansions on the top
of the hill. These days tourists use it to admire the views of the old streets and houses of
Mithatpasa. Located in the heart of Izmir’s old Jewish quarter, it is housed in a 50m-high
brick tower and after refurbishment in 1992 it now contains a café on the top floor, and the
original hydraulics are exhibited on the ground floor. In its heyday in the 1930s, it also
contained a theatre, cinema, refreshment stall and photographer’s shop.
Kültürpark : The big Kulturpark in the city centre is one of the densest green areas in
Izmir, covering 30 hectares. There is a zoo, artificial lake, parachute tower, open-air theatre
and a collection of bars and cafes. This has been the venue of the International Izmir Fair
every August since 1936.
Botanic Garden : One of the best Botanical Gardens of Turkey, is in the Ege University
field. There are around 3000 species of plants from the tropical regions to the Alps, many of
which are kept under artificial conditions. The arboretum has hundreds of species of trees
and bushes, and the herbarium centre contains dried plant samples that are preserved for
the use of research.
LBG Izmir
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• İzmir Archeology Museum
• İzmir Museum Of History And Art
• The Ethnography Museum
• Atatürk Museum
• Ephesus Museum
• Bergama Museum
• Çeşme Museum
• Tire Museum
• Ödemiş Museum
Ephesus
Although ancient writes claim
that the name of Ephesus derives
from an Amazon Queen’s name, the
archaeological finds reveals that The
Carians and Lelegians, the native
peoples of Anatolia, had settled here
long before the Ionians’ arrival.
Ephesus was first established in6000
B.C and grew up around the Temple
of Artemis. The Ephesians started to
move to the new city built by
Lysimachus in the 3rd century B.C.
The following is the list of the
various ruins of Ephesus as they
appear from the upper gate, which leads to the House of Virgin Mary, to the lower gate.
• The Water System and Nymohenium
• The East Gymnasium
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• The Prytaneion: The Prytaneion (town hall ) was considered to be the sacred place
of the city. It contained the altar of Hestia Boulaia, where a sacred fire burnt perpetually for
centuries and was never extinguished. This the find spot of the two great statues of the
Ephesian Artemis which are displayed at the museum now. The building was built in the 3rd
century B.C during the reign of Lysimachus. The ruins seen today are dated to 1st century
A.D. Two later temples near the site were dedicated to Emperor Julius Caesar and Dea
Roma, the divine personification of the city of Rome.
• The Water Place
• The Memmius Monument
• The Temple of Domitian
• The Pollio Fountain
• The State Agora
• The Varius Baths
• The Magnesian Gate
• The Odeion
• The Gate of Hercules: Just before the Street of the Curettes stand the remains of
ancient gate known as the Gate of Hercules. This name arises from the figures of Hercules on
the western faces of the two extant pillars. The capitals of the columns were decorated with
acanthus leaves. Presumably these pillars, along with four others were standing on the beam
above the arch of the gate.
• The Streets of Kouretes
• The Fountain of Trajan
• The Scolastica Baths
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• The Library of Celsus: The
Celsus Library was erected in A.D
135 by Julius Aquila for his father
Julius Celsus Polemaeanus, the
consul of Asia province of Roman
Empire. The library, measuring 60.90
by 16.72 meters had a two storied
facade and a large room inside. Its
facade contains exemplars of
architectural elements that are
among the most beautiful ones of
the period, such as doors, windows,
gables, niches and columns. A gap of
one meter between inner and outer walls of the the library protected the books from
extremes of temperature and humidity. The sarcophagus of Celsus stand under the west side
of the library. Four female statues standing between the columns personify the virtues of
Celsus: Sophia (wisdom), Arete (virtue), Ennoia (intelligence), Episteme (knowledge). Celsus
himself is buried in a sarcophagus beneath the west side of the library.
The House of Virgin Marry (THE HOUSE OF COUNCILS)
This house, one of the important edifices of Christianity, is the first house which was
dedicated to Virgin Mary. The third meeting of the Ecumenical Council was held in this
church in A.D 431.
LBG Izmir
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Agora
Agora means “a meeting place, city square, marketplace or bazaar”. In the Ancient
Times, agora was known not only with its commercial, political and religious functions but
also as a place where art activities were concentrated and many social events were held.
Generally there were two agoras in the big cities. One of them was the state agora where
the state affairs were dealt with and various public buildings were located around it whereas
the other one was the commercial agora where commercial activities were concentrated.
Visited today and located in Namazgah, the agora in İzmir constituted the state agora of the
city. Mosque, Church and Synagogues The most important mosques in the city are Hisar, Yali
(Konak), Salepcioglu and Kestane Pazari Mosque. Others in the city include Sadirvan,
Basdurak, Kemeralti (built in1812), Faik Pasa, (repaired in 1842), Han Bey, Hatuniye Mosque,
Seyh, Fettah, Yali, Ali Aga, Selvili Mescit, Abdullah Efendi and Iki Cesmelik Mosque. St.
Polycarp Church, in Gaziosmanpasa, is the oldest church in Izmir and was lavishly rebuilt in
the 19th century by the French. St Polycarp was Smyrna’s first bishop, and when he refused
to follow the orders of the Romans to renounce his faith, he was burnt at the stake.
Beaches
The province of Izmir has a large size coastline on the Aegean, with beaches and areas for
water sports easily accessible from the city by private or public transport from Uckuyular bus
station. Good beaches include Pamucak, Urla, Gulbahce, Cesme, Altinkum, Foca and Dikili.
Yacht Ports
The area south of the Cesme peninsula is a significant part of the yachting routes, and the
area between Cesme and Kusadasi is especially popular. Just south of Cesme is Alacati
Harbor, which can accommodate 80 yachts and has many facilities. Urla Harbour can
accommodate 20 boats with another 175 in the fisherman’s shelter, and 80 in Ozbekkoy
harbor.
Art, Culture and Amusement
For many years Izmir has enjoyed its reputation as a cosmopolitan city of culture. The
Ataturk Cultural Centre hosts weekend concerts by the Izmir State Symphony Orchestra, and
the Izmir State Opera and Ballet perform in an Ottoman art deco building on Milli Kutuphane
Caddesi. During the summer there are events at the open-air theatre in the Kulturpark, and
mid-June sees the month-long International Izmir festival with many events also in Cesme
and Selcuk. The International Film Festival takes place every April, with foreign films shown
in original language with subtitles. Regular nightlife includes a host of bars and nightclubs in
the wealthy suburb of Alsansak, with more venues on Birinci Kordon and the surrounding
streets. The cinemas around the city centre tend to show blockbuster American films, many
of which are dubbed into Turkish.
LBG Izmir
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NECCESARY INFORMATION
Visa:
Nations that do not require visa:
Type of Passport : Ordinary Passport
Period of Visa Exemption : 3 Months Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Israel, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, St. Marino, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Vatican Period of Visa Exemption : 2 Months; BosniaHerzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Romania
Type of Passport : Official Passports
Period of Visa Exemption : 3 Months Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Belarus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Georgia, German y, Greece, Holland, Iceland,
Israel, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Portugal
(only diplomatic passports), Russia (only diplomatic passports), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Ukraine, Vatican
Period of Visa Exemption : 2 Months Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia,
Romania
Period of Visa Exemption : 1 Month; Bulgaria (only diplomatic passports), Estonia
(only diplomatic passports), Hungary, Latvia (only diplomatic passports), Moldova Ordinary
passport holders of nationals of the following countries may obtain sticker type visas at the
Turkish international border gates to enter into turkey
Type of Passport : Ordinary Passport
Duration of Stay : 3 Months Austria, Belgium, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Portugal,
Spain, United Kingdom
Duration of Stay : 2 Months Albania, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine
Duration of Stay : 1 Month Azerbaijan, Armenia, Estonia, Greek Cypriot
Administration, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Norway, Poland, Serbia and
Montenegro, Slovakia, Duration of Stay: 15 Days Georgia
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
Turkish Language and Minimized Dictionary
Turkish is the largest Turkic language in terms of speakers, with some 50 million
native speakers. There is a high degree of mutual intelligibility between Turkish and other
Oghuz languages, including Azeri, Turkmen and Qashqai. If these are counted to gather as
"Turkish", the number of native speakers is close to 90 million. One characteristic feature of
Turkish is vowel harmony, "sour cherry" is closed unround front and e is open unround front.
Stress is usually on the last syllable, with the exception of some suffix combinations, and
words like masa ['masa].
For more detailed information:
www.turkish-center.com
www.onlineturkish.com
Turkish Currency and Some Prices
1 Euro is approximately 2.35 TL.
If you need, you can change money in banks and in exchange offices. Banks open
from Monday to Friday: 9am to 5pm, with one hour of break during noon. Saturday and
Sunday closed. Banks exchange money, at lower prices. You can also find Exchange Agencies
in everywhere and most of them open 7 days/week from 8am to 7pm. By the way, the
better choice will be to take EURO or US Dollars with you so everywhere you can change
them easily, sometimes at lower prices. You can also exchange money at the airport upon
arrival at the PTT or bank window, located just before the exit of the airport, but it is useful
to arrive with at least a small amount of lira in case the Exchange window is closed at the
time of arrival. Approximately, everywhere you can use your credit card; the most important
credit cards are accepted: VISA, MasterCard and American Express. Here are some estimated
prices in Euros to give you ideas about expenses in Turkey: TL
Water ( 0.5 liter ) 0.5 TL
Beer 5 - 8 TL
Wine ( a bottle ) 10 -20 TL
McDonalds Big Mac Menu 9 TL
Bus and Metro Ticket 1.75 TL
Postcard 1 TL
Can of Coke 1.50 TL
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Lunch 5 - 7 TL
Jeans 25 - 200 TL
T-Shirt 10 - 55 TL
A coffee 3 TL
Cigarettes 5 - 8 TL
Chocolate ( a bar ) 0.5 - 2 TL
Hygienic Pads (packet with 10) 3 - 5 TL
Condom 2 - 5 TL
Souvenir 15 - 70 TL
Emergency and Other Phone Numbers
Emergency numbers
Ambulance: 112
Police: 155
Fire Dept. : 110
Military police: 156
Embassies
Albania: 0312 441 61 03
Austria: 0312 419 04 31
Azerbaijan: 0312 441 26 20
Belgium: 0312 446 82 47
Bosnia Herzegovina: 0312 446 40 90
Bulgaria: 0312 467 20 71
Belarus: 0312 446 30 42
Czech Republic: 0312 446 12 44
Croatia: 0312 446 94 60
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
Denmark: 0312 468 77 60
Estonia: 0312 446 30 27
France: 0312 455 45 45
Finland: 0312 426 19 30
Germany: 0312 426 54 65
Georgia: 0312 442 65 08
Greece: 0312 436 88 60
Hungary: 0312 442 22 73
Ireland: 0312 446 61 72
Italy: 0312 426 54 60
Latvia: 0216 302 50 42
Lithuania: 0312 447 07 66
Macedonia: 0312 446 92 04
Moldova: 0312 446 55 27
Monaco: 0212 2633989
Netherlands: 0312 446 04 70
Norway: 0312 405 8010
Poland: 0312 46756 19
Portugal: 0312 446 18 90
Romania: 0312 466 37 06
Russian Federation: 0312 439 21 22 / 439 35 18
Serbia: 0312 426 02 36 / 426 03 54
Slovakia: 0312 467 50 75
Slovenia: 0312 405 60 07- 08
Spain: 0312 438 03 92
Sweden: 0312 468 02 54
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org
Switzerland: 0312 467 55 55
Ukraine: 0312 441 54 99
What to Bring
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
National Identify Card
Your passport
International travel insurance
International student identity card
Some currency (EURO or US Dollars to exchange into TL)
Your traditional clothes, foods, drinks
A print out of this Survival Guide
Photo Camera and the cable to connect with a computer (we want all the
photos!)
Comfortable shoes –especially for girls.
Some Money (Euros) for extra food, alcohol, shopping and to pay the fee of the
course.
Presents for your lovely Turkish friends ! Remember two awesome MO organizing
this event ☺
Sleeping bag
Swimsuit☺
Lab Suit☺
Sun Cream 40+
A Little Warning!
• Illegal Drugs are strictly forbidden in Turkey.
• Please bring your prescribed drug if you have problems with your digestive or
excretion system because you can find Turkish cuisine more oily and spicy.
LBG Izmir
izmir@best.eu.org

survivalguide

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